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  • Python Success Stories

    ...variables are keys in the Property manager. This was quite easy to implement in Python, and we would be hard pressed to find a language that makes it any easier. Python's mathematical expressions are almost identical to the standard form used in the sciences, so we could use Python's "eval" statement to parse and evaluate the user-defined expressions. Because our Property manager acts like a Python dictionary, it could (at least in theory) be provided directly to the eval statement as ...

  • Release – Python 3.9.1

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 7, 2020

    This is the first maintenance release of Python 3.9 Note: The release you're looking at is Python 3.9.1, a bugfix release for the legacy 3.9 series. Python 3.11 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.11.x here. We've made …

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  • Python Success Stories

    ...Variables are global, not local, by default. Python is exactly the other way around, making programs less prone to error. Lua has no list data structure. Although its dictionaries can be used as lists, this caused unnecessary complexity in practice. Lua code is easy to follow for short scripts, but its syntax and minimal standard library makes it unmanageable for larger programs. In a very important project, the Finnish Civil Aviation Administration (FCAA) wanted to run their user interface l...

  • Python Success Stories

    ...variables according to their expected data type is an easy way to address this problem. A 30-day evaluation of Ultraseek 5.2 is available for download at http://www.verity.com/. About the Author Ryan Weisenberger is a software developer and project lead for Verity Ultraseek. He has been involved with the product for four years. Ryan is originally from southern California, and has been working in the high-tech industry for seven years.

  • Foreword for "Programming Python" (1st ed.)

    Foreword for "Programming Python" (1st ed.) Foreword for "Programming Python" (1st ed.) This is the foreword I wrote for Mark Lutz' book "Programming Python" (1st ed.), published by O'Reilly. See also my foreword to the 2nd edition. As Python's creator, I'd like to say a few words about its origins, adding a bit of personal philosophy. Over six years ago, in December 1989, I was looking for a "hobby" programming project that would keep me occupied during the we...

  • Python Patterns - Implementing Graphs

    ...variable 'path' in the caller, with disastrous results. (Using tuples, we could have been sure this would not happen, at the cost of having to write "path = path + (start,)" since "(start)" isn't a singleton tuple -- it is just a parenthesized expression.) It is simple to change this function to return a list of all paths (without cycles) instead of the first path it finds: def find_all_paths(graph, start, end, path=[]): path = path + [start] if start == end: ...

  • Python 1.6.1

    ...variable! Overview of Changes since 1.5.2 For this overview, I have borrowed from the document "What's New in Python 2.0" by Andrew Kuchling and Moshe Zadka: http://starship.python.net/crew/amk/python/writing/new-python/. There are lots of new modules and lots of bugs have been fixed. A list of all new modules is included below. Probably the most pervasive change is the addition of Unicode support. We've added a new fundamental datatype, the Unicode string, a new build-in function u...

  • Glue It All Together With Python

    ...variables, conditionals, loops, procedures and so on) with increasing awkwardness. Because Python has existing interfaces to so many different components in very different application domains, Python is ideal for oddball integration tasks. It can link a commercial database to number-crunching code; it can add a graphical user interface to a network management tool; it can send email from a virtual reality application. Conclusion Python can fulfill an important integration role ...

  • Python Success Stories

    ...variables, and there were no control structures except conditionals. Even arithmetic was not possible. Our first web sites developed with this system consisted of a mix of hsc macros and Perl scripts that generated hsc source files. In 1998, hsc's author halted further development, and we became quite motivated to find an alternative. At first we decided to continue development of hsc ourselves, and planned to make it compatible with XML, which was beginning to become popular at the time. But ex...

  • Release – Python 3.2.4

    Version: None

    Released: April 6, 2013

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2.4 was released on April 7th, 2013. This is the final 3.2 series bugfix release. New features of the 3.2 series, compared to 3.1 Python 3.2 is a continuation of …

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  • Python 2.0

    ...variable> in <sequence>] For example, [i**2 for i in range(4)] yields the list [0, 1, 4, 9]. This is more efficient than a for loop with a list.append() call. You can also add a condition: [<expression> for <variable> in <sequence> if <condition>] For example, [w for w in words if w == w.lower()] would yield the list of words that contain no uppercase characters. This is more efficient than a for loop with an if statement and a list.appe...

  • Release – Python 3.2.5

    Version: None

    Released: May 15, 2013

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2.5 was released on May 15th, 2013. This release fixes a few regressions found in Python 3.2.4, and is planned to be the final 3.2 series bugfix release. New features of …

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  • Release – Python 3.2.1

    Version: None

    Released: July 9, 2011

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2.1 was released on July 10th, 2011. Python 3.2 is a continuation of the efforts to improve and stabilize the Python 3.x line. Since the final release of Python 2.7, the 2.x …

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  • Release – Python 3.2.2

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 3, 2011

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2.2 was released on September 4th, 2011. It mainly fixes a regression in the urllib.request module that prevented opening many HTTP resources correctly with Python 3.2.1. Python 3.2 is a continuation of …

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  • Release – Python 3.2.3

    Version: None

    Released: April 10, 2012

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2.3 was released on April 10, 2012. It includes fixes for several reported security issues: issue 13703 (CVE-2012-1150, hash collision denial of service), issue 14234 (CVE-2012-0876, Expat hash collision denial of service), issue …

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  • Release – Python 3.2.0

    Version: None

    Released: Feb. 20, 2011

    Note: A newer security-fix release, 3.2.6, is currently available. Its use is recommended. Python 3.2 was released on February 20th, 2011. Python 3.2 is a continuation of the efforts to improve and stabilize the Python 3.x line. Since the final release of Python 2.7, the 2.x …

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  • Python Success Stories

    ...variables or types, create iterators and other support objects, break code into particular files, or write other supporting code required in languages like C++ or Java. As a result, Python is almost executable pseudo-code. Python speeds the development cycle. Since Python code is compiled to byte code on the fly by the interpreter, the development cycle is just "edit-and-execute" instead of "edit-compile-execute". In practice, this can save substantial amounts of time. Pytho...

  • Debugging Reference Count Problems

    ...variables, or out-of bounds indexing. There could be some pretty subtle off-by-one errors in your code! 2) You only need to decref objects if you're worried about memory leaks, since I'm just debugging, I'm not worried right now You're doing yourself a big disfavor here. Sure, core dumps are more serious problems than memory leaks, but memory leaks aren't any easier to find -- in fact, they are probably harder to find, because they hide in otherwise perfectly working code. A ...

  • Python 3.2 Release

    ...variables) many consistency and behavior fixes for numeric operations See these resources for further information: What's new in 3.2? 3.2 Release Schedule Change log for this release. Online Documentation Report bugs at http://bugs.python.org. Help fund Python and its community. Download This is a production release. Please report any bugs you encounter. We currently support these formats for download: Bzipped source tar ball (3.2) (sig), ~ 11 MB XZ compressed source tar ball (3.2) (sig...

  • Python 3.2.1 Release

    ...variables) many consistency and behavior fixes for numeric operations See these resources for further information: What's new in 3.2? Change log for this release. Online Documentation Report bugs at http://bugs.python.org. Help fund Python and its community. Download This is a production release. Please report any bugs you encounter. We currently support these formats for download: Bzipped source tar ball (3.2.1) (sig), ~ 11 MB XZ compressed source tar ball (3.2.1) (sig), ~ 8.5 MB Gzipp...

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