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...rounding, and the normalization of negative zero must happen after rounding. While it is possible to pre-round and normalize a number before formatting, it's tedious and prone to error if the rounding doesn't precisely match that of the format spec. Furthermore, functions that wrap formatting would find themselves having to parse format specs to extract the precision information. For example, consider how this utility for formatting one-dimensional numerical arrays would be complicated by such...
...Rounding: The name of the algorithm to be used when rounding is necessary, one of "round-down", "round-half-up", "round-half-even", "round-ceiling", "round-floor", "round-half-down", and "round-up". See Rounding Algorithms below. Flags and trap-enablers: Exceptional conditions are grouped into signals, controllable individually, each consisting of a flag (boolean, set when the signal occurs) and a trap-enabler (a boolean that controls behavior). The signals are: "clamped", "division-by-zero", "...
...rounding half as the type chooses. float will change in 3.0 to round half toward even. There is also a 2-argument version, __round__(self, ndigits), called from round(x, ndigits), which should return a Real. In 2.6, math.floor, math.ceil, and round will continue to return floats. The int() conversion implemented by float is equivalent to trunc(). In general, the int() conversion should try __int__() first and if it is not found, try __trunc__(). complex.__{divmod,mod,floordiv,int,float}__ also...
PEP 272 -- API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0 PEP:272 Title:API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0 Author:A.M. Kuchling <amk at amk.ca> Status:Final Type:Informational Created:18-Sep-2001 Post-History:17-Apr-2002, 29-May-2002 Contents Abstract Introduction Specification References Changes Acknowledgements Copyright Abstract This document specifies a standard API for secret-key block encryption algorithms such as DES or Rijndael, making it easier to switch betwe...
Community Events Manager Job posting for the Community Events Manager The Python Software Foundation (PSF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit corporation that holds the intellectual property rights behind the Python programming language. We also run the PyCon US conference annually, support other Python conferences/workshops around the world, and fund Python related development with our grants program. The mission of the Python Software Foundation is to promote, protect, and advance the Python programmi...
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Adelaide is looking for a Data Engineering Lead to join our Product and Engineering organization. As the leader in global attention measurement and activation, at Adelaide we strive for increased transparency of media quality and aligning market incentives around quality over quantity. The ideal candidate for this role will provide …
Sponsor the PSF sponsor sponsorship The Python Software Foundation Sponsorship Program The PSF is excited to unveil a new sponsorship program that offers an array of benefits across the Python Software Foundation, PyPI (Python Package Index), CPython, and PyCon US. Sponsorship provides a full range of benefits supporting Python’s ecosystem that include a broad selection of promotional opportunities during PyCon US and also year-round. Join us as a sponsor and help make a difference in the...
PEP 529 -- Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8 PEP:529 Title:Change Windows filesystem encoding to UTF-8 Author:Steve Dower <steve.dower at python.org> Status:Final Type:Standards Track Created:27-Aug-2016 Python-Version:3.6 Post-History:01-Sep-2016, 04-Sep-2016 Resolution:https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2016-September/146277.html Contents Abstract Background Proposal Specific Changes Update sys.getfilesystemencoding Add sys.getfilesystemencodeerror...
PEP 247 -- API for Cryptographic Hash Functions PEP:247 Title:API for Cryptographic Hash Functions Author:A.M. Kuchling <amk at amk.ca> Status:Final Type:Informational Created:23-Mar-2001 Post-History:20-Sep-2001 Contents Abstract Specification Rationale Changes Acknowledgements Copyright Abstract There are several different modules available that implement cryptographic hashing algorithms such as MD5 or SHA. This document specifies a standard API for such algorithms,...
PEP 372 -- Adding an ordered dictionary to collections PEP:372 Title:Adding an ordered dictionary to collections Author:Armin Ronacher <armin.ronacher at active-4.com> Raymond Hettinger <python at rcn.com> Status:Final Type:Standards Track Created:15-Jun-2008 Python-Version:2.7, 3.1 Post-History: Contents Abstract Patch Rationale Ordered Dict API Questions and Answers Reference Implementation Future Directions References Copyright Abstract This PEP proposes an o...
...rounding for inexact numbers), and since everybody agrees that 1.0/2.0 equals 0.5, 1/2 should also equal 0.5. Likewise, since 1//2 equals zero, 1.0//2.0 should also equal zero. Variations Aesthetically, x//y doesn't please everyone, and hence several variations have been proposed. They are addressed here: x div y. This would introduce a new keyword. Since div is a popular identifier, this would break a fair amount of existing code, unless the new keyword was only recognized under a future...
Python Patterns - An Optimization Anecdote Warning This page stays here for historical reasons and it may contain outdated or incorrect information. The other day, a friend asked me a seemingly simple question: what's the best way to convert a list of integers into a string, presuming that the integers are ASCII values. For instance, the list [97, 98, 99] should be converted to the string 'abc'. Let's assume we want to write a function to do this. The first version I came ...
Python Software Foundation: Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting (April 13, 2004) The Python Software Foundation Minutes of Regular Meeting of the Board of Directors April 13, 2004 A regular meeting of the Python Software Foundation (the "PSF") Board of Directors was held over Internet Relay Chat at 17:00 GMT. Stephan Deibel presided at the meeting. 1. Attendance p>The following members of the Board of Directors were present at the meeting: Stephan Deibel, Steve Holden, Jeremy Hylton, ...
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This is a beta preview of Python 3.9 Python 3.9 is still in development. This release, 3.9.0b4, is the fourth of five planned beta release previews. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their projects …
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Python Software Foundation: Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting, October 11, 2005 (Draft) The Python Software Foundation Minutes of a Regular Meeting of the Board of Directors (Draft) October 11, 2005 A regular meeting of the Python Software Foundation (the "PSF") Board of Directors was held over Internet Relay Chat beginning at 17:15 UTC, 11 October 2005. Martin von Löwis presided at the meeting. 1 Attendance The following members of the Board of Directors w...
PEP 452 -- API for Cryptographic Hash Functions v2.0 PEP:452 Title:API for Cryptographic Hash Functions v2.0 Author:A.M. Kuchling <amk at amk.ca>, Christian Heimes <christian at python.org> Status:Final Type:Informational Created:15-Aug-2013 Post-History: Replaces:247 Contents Abstract Specification Rationale Changes from Version 1.0 to Version 2.0 Recommended names for common hashing algorithms Changes Acknowledgements Copyright Abstract There are several diffe...
...rounding is done is left to the potential release cadence PEP. After this time, a new election is held according to the procedures outlined below. There are no term limits, so the GUIDO may run for re-election for as long as they like. We expect GUIDOs to serve out their entire term of office, but of course, Life Happens. Should the GUIDO need to step down before their term ends, the vacancy will be filled by the process outlined below as per choosing a new GUIDO. However, the new GUIDO will...
PEP 240 -- Adding a Rational Literal to Python PEP:240 Title:Adding a Rational Literal to Python Author:Christopher A. Craig <python-pep at ccraig.org>, Moshe Zadka <moshez at zadka.site.co.il> Status:Rejected Type:Standards Track Created:11-Mar-2001 Python-Version:2.2 Post-History:16-Mar-2001 Contents Abstract BDFL Pronouncement Rationale Proposal Backwards Compatibility Common Objections References Copyright Abstract A different PEP suggests adding a builtin r...
Python Success Stories Background MayaVi is an open source scientific data visualization tool written entirely in Python. I started work on MayaVi in 2000. At that time, a few colleagues of mine needed to visualize their computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data but the only suitable tools available were commercial, closed source programs that were prohibitively expensive. We looked at some open source tools as alternatives. OpenDX had just been released to the public and at that time was har...
2013-11-01 PSF Board Meeting Minutes The Python Software Foundation Minutes of a Regular Meeting of the Board of Directors November 01, 2013 A regular meeting of the Python Software Foundation ("PSF") Board of Directors was held over Group Conference Call via phone and Internet Relay Chat beginning at 17:00 CET/ 12:00 EDT, on November 01 2013. Van Lindberg presided over the meeting. Ewa Jodlowska prepared the minutes. All votes are reported in the form "Y-N-A" (in favor...