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  • Release – Python 3.12.0b2

    Version: None

    Released: June 6, 2023

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.12 Python 3.12 is still in development. This release, 3.12.0b2 is the second of four beta release previews of 3.12. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their …

  • Release – Python 3.12.5

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 6, 2024

    This is the fifth maintenance release of Python 3.12 Python 3.12 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. 3.12.5 is the latest maintenance release, containing more than 250 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.12.4. This version of …

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  • Release – Python 3.12.8

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 3, 2024

    This is the eighth maintenance release of Python 3.12 Python 3.12.8 is the latest maintenance release of Python 3.12, containing more than 250 bug fixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.12.7. Security content in this release gh-126623: Upgraded libexpat to 2.6.4 to fix CVE-2024-50602. gh-124651: Properly …

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  • Release – Python 3.15.0a1

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 14, 2025

    This is an early developer preview of Python 3.15 Major new features of the 3.15 series, compared to 3.14 Python 3.15 is still in development. This release, 3.15.0a1 is the first of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current state of …

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  • Release – Python 3.15.0a2

    Version: None

    Released: Nov. 19, 2025

    This is an early developer preview of Python 3.15 Major new features of the 3.15 series, compared to 3.14 Python 3.15 is still in development. This release, 3.15.0a2, is the second of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current state of …

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  • Release – Python 3.15.0a3

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 16, 2025

    This is an early developer preview of Python 3.15 Major new features of the 3.15 series, compared to 3.14 Python 3.15 is still in development. This release, 3.15.0a3, is the third of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current state of …

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  • Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2

    Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 Python Version: 2.2 (For a newer version of this tutorial, see Python 2.2.3) Guido van Rossum This paper is an incomplete draft. I am soliciting feedback. If you find any problems, please write me at guido@python.org. Table of Contents Introduction Subclassing built-in types Built-in types as factory functions Introspecting instances of built-in types Static methods and class met...

  • Release – Python 3.14.0

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 7, 2025

    This is the stable release of Python 3.14.0 Python 3.14.0 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimisations compared to Python 3.13. Major new features of the 3.14 series, compared to 3.13 Some of the major new features and changes …

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  • Release – Python 3.14.2

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 5, 2025

    This is the second maintenance release of Python 3.14 Python 3.14.2 is the second maintenance release of 3.14, containing 18 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.14.1. This is an expedited release to fix the following regressions: gh-142206: Exceptions in multiprocessing in running programs while upgrading Python. gh-142214 …

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  • Release – Python 3.12.0a3

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 6, 2022

    This is an early developer preview of Python 3.12. Major new features of the 3.12 series, compared to 3.11 Python 3.12 is still in development. This release, 3.12.0a3 is the second of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current state …

  • Release – Python 3.12.0rc1

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 6, 2023

    This is the first release candidate of Python 3.12.0 This release, 3.12.0rc1, is the penultimate release preview. Entering the release candidate phase, only reviewed code changes which are clear bug fixes are allowed between this release candidate and the final release. The second candidate (and the last planned release …

  • Release – Python 3.12.0rc2

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 6, 2023

    This is the second release candidate of Python 3.12.0 This release, 3.12.0rc2, is the last release preview for Python 3.12. There will be no ABI changes from this point forward in the 3.12 series. The intent is for the final release of 3.12.0, scheduled for Monday, 2023-10-02, to be …

  • Release – Python 3.12.0rc3

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 19, 2023

    This is the third release candidate of Python 3.12.0 This release, 3.12.0rc3, is the absolutely last release preview for Python 3.12. There will be no ABI changes from this point forward in the 3.12 series. The intent is for the final release of 3.12.0, scheduled for Monday, 2023-10-02, to …

  • Python Internationalization-SIG

    Python Internationalization-SIG Internationalization-SIG ("i18n") This SIG provides a forum for discussing issues relating to the internationalization of Python. At the time of writing (March 2000), internationalization (henceforth spelled as "i18n" to save typing) features are being added to Python. This sig is the primary forum for discussing those features. Topics covered include but are not limited to: Unicode support and building a library of codecs Support for local...

  • Community Stories

    Community Stories Packaging People who need to install Python packages get confused a lot. That's not their fault; that's because the volunteers who maintain the packaging tools don't have enough time to get everything organized so that it's clear and easy to use. In the last few years, the PSF has gotten grants and used that money to massively improve packaging. We overhauled PyPI and we're making pip more consistent, with genuine attention to user experience. With more funding, we can finall...

  • Release – Python 3.13.0b4

    Version: None

    Released: July 17, 2024

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is still in development. This release, 3.13.0b4, is the final beta release preview of 3.13. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their projects to …

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  • Release – Python 3.12.6

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 6, 2024

    This is the sixth maintenance release of Python 3.12 Python 3.12 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations. 3.12.6 is the latest maintenance release, containing about 90 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.12.5. This is an expedited …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0rc1

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 1, 2024

    This is the first release candidate of Python 3.13.0 This release, 3.13.0rc1, is the penultimate release preview. Entering the release candidate phase, only reviewed code changes which are clear bug fixes are allowed between this release candidate and the final release. The second candidate (and the last planned release …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0rc2

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 6, 2024

    This is the second release candidate of Python 3.13.0 This release, 3.13.0rc2, is the final release preview. This release is expected to become the final 3.13.0 release, barring any critical bugs being discovered. The official release of 3.13.0 is scheduled for Tuesday, 2024-10-01. There will be no ABI changes …

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  • Help

    Help New to programming and to Python? Check out the Beginner's Guide. New to Python? Read the standard tutorial. Look for a suitable book from a growing list of titles. Looking for code? See the download page for links to the Python interpreter. Explore the development repository. Got a Python problem or question? First check the Python FAQs, with answers to many common, general Python questions. The Python Help category of the discuss.python.org website hosts usage questions an...

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