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...println(): def tables(n): for j in range(1, n+1): for i in range(1, n+1): println(i, 'x', j, '=', i*j) println() and then about the file keyword argument: def tables(n, file=sys.stdout): for j in range(1, n+1): for i in range(1, n+1): println(i, 'x', j, '=', i*j, file=sys.stdout) println(file=sys.stdout) Thus, the transformation path is longer: (1) print (2) print >> file vs. (1) print (2) println() (3) println(file=......
...print puts up a much larger barrier for evolution, e.g. a hypothetical new printf() function is not too far fetched when it will coexist with a print() function. There's no easy way to convert print statements into another call if one needs a different separator, not spaces, or none at all. Also, there's no easy way at all to conveniently print objects with some other separator than a space. If print() is a function, it would be much easier to replace it within one module (just def print(*args):...
...PRINT_NEWLINE opcode, printing of the newline is suppressed if the value of softspace is negative; in any case the softspace flag is reset to zero. Scope This only affects printing of 8-bit strings. It doesn't affect Unicode, although that could be considered a bug in the Unicode implementation. It doesn't affect other objects whose string representation happens to end in a newline character. Risks This change breaks some existing code. For example: print "Subject: PEP 259\n" print messa...
...print(test) print(repr(test)) print([test]) print(str([test])) to print: STR REPR [STR] [STR] where it actually prints: STR REPR [REPR] [REPR] Especially it is illogical to see that print in Python 2 uses str if it is called on what seems to be a tuple: >>> print Decimal('42'), datetime.now() 42 2008-05-27 20:16:22.534285 where on an actual tuple it prints: >>> print((Decimal('42'), datetime.now())) (Decimal("42"), datetime.datetime(2008, 5, 27, 20, 16, 27, 937911)) ...
...printable ASCII, and repr() is used as a handy and safe way to print strings for debugging or for logging. Although all non-ASCII characters are escaped, this does not matter when most of the string's characters are ASCII. But for other languages, such as Japanese where most characters in a string are not ASCII, this is very inconvenient. We can use print(aJapaneseString) to get a readable string, but we don't have a similar workaround for printing strings from collections such as lists or tup...
...print the exception name, e.g. try: 1/0 except: print "Sorry:", sys.exc_type, ":", sys.exc_value With string-based exceptions, this would print something like Sorry: ZeroDivisionError : integer division or modulo With class-based exceptions, it will print Sorry: exceptions.ZeroDivisionError : integer division or modulo The funny exceptions.ZeroDivisionError occurs because when an exception type is a class it is printed as modulename.classnam...
...print 'a' def b(self, input): print 'b' def c(self, input): print 'c' def __call__(self, input): function = { 1 : self.a, 2 : self.b, 3 : self.c }.get(input, None) if function: return function(input) Before, using a local no effect method: class Select: def a(self, input): print 'a' def b(self, input): print 'b' def c(self, input): print 'c' def nop(self, input): pass d...
...print '1' case 'two': print '2' case 'three': print '3' else: print "D'oh!" into (omitting POP_TOP's and SET_LINENO's): 6 LOAD_FAST 0 (x) 9 LOAD_CONST 1 (switch-table-1) 12 SWITCH 26 (to 38) 14 LOAD_CONST 2 ('1') 17 PRINT_ITEM 18 PRINT_NEWLINE 19 JUMP 43 22 LOAD_CONST 3 ('2') 25 PRINT_ITEM 26 PRINT_NEWLINE 27 JUMP 43 30 LOAD_CONST 4 ('3') 33 PRI...
...print $'a = $a, b = $b' a = 5, b = 6 >>> $u'uni${a}ode' u'uni5ode' >>> print $'\$a' 5 >>> print $r'\$a' \5 >>> print $'$$$a.$b' $5.6 >>> print $'a + b = ${a + b}' a + b = 11 >>> import sys >>> print $'References to $a: $sys.getrefcount(a)' References to 5: 15 >>> print $"sys = $sys, sys = $sys.modules['sys']" sys = <module 'sys' (built-in)>, sys = <module 'sys' (built-in)> >>> print $'BDFL = $sys.copyrig...
...print [i for i in range(10)] [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9] >>> print [i for i in range(20) if i%2 == 0] [0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18] >>> nums = [1, 2, 3, 4] >>> fruit = ["Apples", "Peaches", "Pears", "Bananas"] >>> print [(i, f) for i in nums for f in fruit] [(1, 'Apples'), (1, 'Peaches'), (1, 'Pears'), (1, 'Bananas'), (2, 'Apples'), (2, 'Peaches'), (2, 'Pears'), (2, 'Bananas'), (3, 'Apples'), (3, 'Peaches'), (3, 'Pears'), (3, 'Bananas'), (4, 'App...
...print(m) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1}) print(m2) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1, 'bar': 100}) frozenmap.excluding(key) The method produces a copy of the frozenmap which does not include a deleted key: m = frozenmap(foo=1, bar=100) m2 = m.excluding('foo') print(m) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1, 'bar': 100}) print(m2) # will print frozenmap({'bar': 1}) m3 = m.excluding('spam') # will throw a KeyError('spam') frozenmap.union(mapping=None, **kw) The me...
...print(m) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1}) print(m2) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1, 'bar': 100}) frozenmap.excluding(key) The method produces a copy of the frozenmap which does not include a deleted key: m = frozenmap(foo=1, bar=100) m2 = m.excluding('foo') print(m) # will print frozenmap({'foo': 1, 'bar': 100}) print(m2) # will print frozenmap({'bar': 1}) m3 = m.excluding('spam') # will throw a KeyError('spam') frozenmap.union(mapping=None, **kw) The method produces a copy ...
...print, input, and raw_input, and open are easier to remember. 3. The use of "." notation is unmotivated and confusing to many beginners. For example, it may lead some beginners to think "." is a standard character that could be used in any identifier. 4. There is an asymmetry with the print function: why is print not called sys.stdout.print()? Specification The existing raw_input() function will be renamed to input(). The Python 2 to 3 conversion tool will replace calls to input() with eval(i...
...print("Origin") case Point(x=0, y=y): print(f"Y={y}") case Point(x=x, y=0): print(f"X={x}") case Point(): print("Somewhere else") case _: print("Not a point") You can use positional parameters with some builtin classes that provide an ordering for their attributes (e.g. dataclasses). You can also define a specific position for attributes in patterns by setting the __match_args__ special attribute in your classes. If...
...print the environment in which the functions are being run to see what's going on... no sooner said than done. And the error disappeared! Take the printing line out -- error reappears (iterate three or four times in disbelief). This is a typical example of Heisenberg's law applied to programs: you can't observe something without influencing it. I'm using: printf(" Env as rule called:\n\t%s\n", PyString_AsString(PyObject_Repr(env))); This creates a new str...
...print defaultdict # show our type <class '__main__.defaultdict'> >>> print type(defaultdict) # its metatype <type 'type'> >>> a = defaultdict(default=0.0) # create an instance >>> print a # show the instance {} >>> print type(a) # show its type <class '__main__.defaultdict'> >>> print a.__class__ # show its class <class '__main__.defaultdict'> >>> pr...
...print a # show the instance {} >>> print type(a) # show its type <class '__main__.defaultdict'> >>> print a.__class__ # show its class <class '__main__.defaultdict'> >>> print type(a) is a.__class__ # its type is its class 1 >>> a[1] = 3.25 # modify the instance >>> print a # show the new value {1: 3.25} >>> print a[1] # show the new item 3.25 >>> print a...
...print-able, and this is what will be printed on sys.stdout. Solution The bytecode PRINT_EXPR will call sys.displayhook(POP()). A displayhook() will be added to the sys builtin module, which is equivalent to: import __builtin__ def displayhook(o): if o is None: return __builtin__._ = None print `o` __builtin__._ = o Jython Issues The method Py.printResult will be similarly changed. Source: https://github.com/python/peps/blob/master/pep-0217.txt