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...declaration. Indented lines below the function declaration declare parameters, one per line; lines below those that are indented even further are per-parameter docstrings. Finally, the first line dedented back to column 0 end parameter declarations and start the function docstring. Parameter docstrings are optional; function docstrings are not. Functions that specify no arguments may simply specify the function declaration followed by the docstring. Module and Class Declarations When a C fil...
...interfaces Guido [6] and others have occasionally suggested introducing interfaces into python. Most suggestions have offered syntax along the lines of: interface IFoo: """Foo blah blah""" def fumble(name, count): """docstring""" but since there is currently no way in Python to declare an interface in this manner, most implementations of Python interfaces use class objects instead, e.g. Zope's: class IFoo(Interface): """Foo blah blah""" def fumble(name, count): ...
...interface, which has now been rejected in favour of this PEP. The primary difference is that our build backend is defined via a Python hook-based interface rather than a command-line based interface. This appendix documents the arguments advanced for this PEP over PEP 516. We do not expect that specifying Python hooks rather than command line interfaces will, by itself, reduce the complexity of calling into the backend, because build frontends will in any case want to run hooks inside a child --...
...interface [zope-interfaces] was one of the first widely used approaches to structural subtyping in Python. It is implemented by providing special classes to distinguish interface classes from normal classes, to mark interface attributes, and to explicitly declare implementation. For example: from zope.interface import Interface, Attribute, implementer class IEmployee(Interface): name = Attribute("Name of employee") def do(work): """Do some work""" @implementer(IEmployee) cla...
...interfaces. It is purely a question of what operations are included within those interfaces -- and the names of the operations are unimportant. Interfaces (at least the ones provided by overloading) are always considered less-specific than concrete classes. Other interface implementations can decide on their own specificity rules, both between interfaces and other interfaces, and between interfaces and classes. Non-Method Attributes in Interfaces The Interface implementation actually treats ...
...interface for the same functionality is provided, so the old interface is deprecated. In other cases, the need for having the functionality of the module may not exist anymore. If the rationale is faulty, again a change to this PEP's text MUST be submitted. This change MUST include the date of undeprecation and a rationale for undeprecation. Modules that are undeprecated under this procedure MUST be listed in this PEP for at least one major release of Python. Obsolete modules A number of mo...
...interface with external systems in which the members are organized according to an implicit ordering. Examples include declaration of C structs; COM objects; Automatic translation of Python classes into IDL or database schemas, such as used in an ORM; and so on. In such cases, it would be useful for a Python programmer to specify such ordering directly using the declaration order of class members. Currently, such orderings must be specified explicitly, using some other mechanism (see the ctypes ...
...declarations for a and b, and does not allow overloading of the + operator for instances of user-defined classes. For these reasons, Python is much better suited as a "glue" language, while Java is better characterized as a low-level implementation language. In fact, the two together make an excellent combination. Components can be developed in Java and combined to form applications in Python; Python can also be used to prototype components until their design can be "hardened" in a Java...
...Interface PEP:298 Title:The Locked Buffer Interface Author:Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> Status:Withdrawn Type:Standards Track Created:26-Jul-2002 Python-Version:2.3 Post-History:30-Jul-2002, 01-Aug-2002 Contents Abstract Specification Implementation Backward Compatibility Reference Implementation Additional Notes/Comments Community Feedback References Copyright Abstract This PEP proposes an extension to the buffer interface called the 'locked buffer interface...
...interface(s). This is from a posting by Bob Ippolito on python-dev based on experience with PyProtocols. def provides(*interfaces): """ An actual, working, implementation of provides for the current implementation of PyProtocols. Not particularly important for the PEP text. """ def provides(typ): declareImplementation(typ, instancesProvide=interfaces) return typ return provides class IBar(Interface): """Declare something about IBar her...
...interface is rendered as HTML using the SimpleTAL template library. The administrative interface to the site is written using the Quixote Web application framework, and employs mod_scgi behind Apache 2. This interface provides the site administrators access to all of the functions they need to interact with user's profiles, process log files to provide reports about site activity and issues, and update site content. Quixote and mod_scgi have performed extremely well in this application, and plan...
...Interface The buffer interface (type Py_buffer, type slots bf_getbuffer and bf_releasebuffer, etc) has been omitted from the ABI, since the stability of the Py_buffer structure is not clear at this time. Inclusion in the ABI can be considered in future releases. Signature Changes A number of functions currently expect a specific struct, even though callers typically have PyObject* available. These have been changed to expect PyObject* as the parameter; this will cause warnings in applications ...
...interface on all systems, where previously users had to work with the different interfaces presented directly by each tool. In many cases, control of the robot loader and unloader for the tool. In the early 1990's architecture of the tool workstation software, it was broken up into a number of discrete components: The user interface, the SECS communication modules, the data collection interface, and so forth. The activities of each of these components were coordinated by a sequencing engine in ...
...interface (e.g. the PowerPoint interface). In that case you may well want attributes in the model to show up as attributes in the Python interface, even though the underlying implementation may not use attributes at all. Scenario 3 A user wants to make an attribute read-only. In short, this feature allows programmers to separate the interface of their module from the underlying implementation for whatever purpose. Again, this is not a new feature but merely a new syntax for an existing convent...
...declarations) intermingled declarations booleans C++-style line comments Python versions before 3.6 used ANSI/ISO standard C (the 1989 version of the standard). This meant (amongst many other things) that all declarations must be at the top of a block (not necessarily at the top of function). Don't use compiler-specific extensions, such as those of GCC or MSVC (e.g. don't write multi-line strings without trailing backslashes). All function declarations and definitions must use full prototypes...
...interface The interface by which an installer backend and a universal installer interact. Universal installer An installer that can invoke an installer backend by calling the optional invocation methods of the installer interface. This can also be thought of as the installer frontend, à la the build project for PEP 517. Installer backend An installer that implements the installer interface, allowing it to be invoked by a universal installer. An installer backend may also be a universal installer...
...interface to other applications, via many different mechanisms: shared files, program embedding, RPC interfaces like CORBA or COM, and network protocols (supporting all the protocols typically used on the WWW). Logo. Really a family of languages related to Lisp and mostly developed at MIT, Logo is of course the most well-known programming language in the educational field. It has a rich tradition, strong roots in schools, and a number of commercial offerings. There is ongoing resear...
...interfaces were put together by Andrew Kuchling. The regex module is declared obsolete. In support of the re module, a new form of string literals is introduced, "raw strings": e.g. r"n" is equal to "\n". All standard exceptions and most exceptions defined in standard extension modules are now classes. Use python -X to revert back to string exceptions. See Standard Exception Classes for more info. Comparisons can now raise exceptions (previously, exceptions occur...
...interfaces are generated by the argument clinic. Another essential aspect to consider is PEP 399, which mandates that pure Python versions of modules in the standard library must have the same interface and semantics that the accelerator modules implemented in C. For example, if collections.defaultdict were to have a pure Python implementation it would need to make use of positional-only parameters to match the interface of its C counterpart. Rationale We propose to introduce positional-only...
...interfaces, classes, mixins and modules to the language. Type checks are duck typed. Multiple valid function signatures are specified by supplying overloaded function declarations. Functions and classes can use generics as type parameterization. Interfaces can have optional fields. Interfaces can specify array and dictionary types. Classes can have constructors that implicitly add arguments as fields. Classes can have static fields. Classes can have private fields. Classes can have getters/...