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...heap-allocated type, or heap type for short. These correspond more closely to classes created by Python’s class statement. For new modules, using heap types by default is a good rule of thumb. Static types can be converted to heap types, but note that the heap type API was not designed for “lossless” conversion from static types -- that is, creating a type that works exactly like a given static type. Unlike static types, heap type objects are mutable by default. Also, when rewriting the class de...
...heap type is a very common task. To make this easier, a helper will be added: void *PyType_GetModuleState(PyObject *type) This function takes a heap type and on success, it returns pointer to the state of the module that the heap type belongs to. On failure, two scenarios may occur. When a non-type object, or a type without a module is passed in, TypeError is set and NULL returned. If the module is found, the pointer to the state, which may be NULL, is returned without setting any exception. ...
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Released: Oct. 11, 2022
This is a security release of Python 3.8 Note: The release you're looking at is Python 3.8.15, a security bugfix release for the legacy 3.8 series. Python 3.11 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.11.x here. Security content in this …
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This is a security release of Python 3.9 Note: The release you're looking at is Python 3.9.15, a security bugfix release for the legacy 3.9 series. Python 3.11 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.11.x here. Security content in this …
...heap is used for small allocations. On UNIX, the heap is handled by brk() and sbrk() system calls, and it is contiguous. On Windows, the heap is handled by HeapAlloc() and can be discontiguous. Memory mappings are handled by mmap() on UNIX and VirtualAlloc() on Windows, they can be discontiguous. Releasing a memory mapping gives back immediately the memory to the system. On UNIX, the heap memory is only given back to the system if the released block is located at the end of the heap. Otherwise,...
Released: Dec. 6, 2022
This is a security release of Python 3.8 Note: The release you're looking at is Python 3.8.16, a security bugfix release for the legacy 3.8 series. Python 3.11 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.11.x here. Security content in this …
This is a security release of Python 3.7 Note: The release you are looking at is a security bugfix release for the legacy 3.7 series which has now reached end-of-life and is no longer supported. See the downloads page for currently supported versions of Python. The final security bugfix release …
...heaps of fixes. With special dispensation from the "bugfixes only" rule, a brand new version of the email package (nee mimelib) is also included: email 2.4.3. For a partial list of these fixes, please see the release notes, or the Misc/NEWS file in the source distribution. For the full list of changes, you can poke around CVS. Other sources of information on 2.2 Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 by Guido van Rossum -- a tutorial on the material covered by PEPs 252 ...
This is a security release of Python 3.9 Note: The release you're looking at is Python 3.9.16, a security bugfix release for the legacy 3.9 series. Python 3.11 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.11.x here. Security content in this …
...heaps of fixes. For a partial list of these fixes, please see the release notes, or the Misc/NEWS file in the source distribution. For the full list of changes, you can poke around CVS. Other sources of information on 2.2 Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 by Guido van Rossum -- a tutorial on the material covered by PEPs 252 and 253. What's New in Python 2.2 by Andrew Kuchling describes the most visible changes since Python 2.1. Guido gave a talk on what's new in ...
...heaps of fixes. For a list of intentional incompatibilities and other details of this release, see the bugs page and the release notes, or the Misc/NEWS file in the source distribution For the full list of changes, you can poke around CVS. Other sources of information on 2.2 Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2 by Guido van Rossum -- a tutorial on the material covered by PEPs 252 and 253. What's New in Python 2.2 by Andrew Kuchling describes the most visible changes since Python 2.1. Guido...
Released: May 30, 2003
We are pleased to announce the release of Python 2.2.3 (final), on May 30, 2003. This is a bug-fix release for Python 2.2 and supersedes the previous bugfix release, Python 2.2.2. Note: there's a security fix for SimpleXMLRPCServer.py. Download the release Windows users should download the Windows installer, …
Released: Oct. 14, 2002
release.--> See <a href="../2.2.3/">Python 2.2.3</a> for a patch release which supersedes 2.2.2.</i> </blockquote> <blockquote> <b>Important:</b> This release is vulnerable to the problem described in <a href="/news/security/PSF-2006-001/">security advisory PSF-2006-001</a> "Buffer overrun in repr() of unicode strings in wide unicode builds (UCS-4)". This fix is included in <a href="../2.4.4/">Python 2.4.4</a> and <a …
Released: April 10, 2002
release.--> See <a href="../2.2.3/">Python 2.2.3</a> for a patch release which supersedes 2.2.1.</i> </blockquote> <blockquote> <b>Important:</b> This release is vulnerable to the problem described in <a href="/news/security/PSF-2006-001/">security advisory PSF-2006-001</a> "Buffer overrun in repr() of unicode strings in wide unicode builds (UCS-4)". This fix is included in <a href="../2.4.4/">Python 2.4.4</a> and <a …
...heap and cannot be moved. Why is PyPy more efficient than CPython? The PyPy project is a Python implementation which is 4.2x faster than CPython on average. PyPy developers chose to not fork CPython, but start from scratch to have more freedom in terms of optimization choices. PyPy does not use reference counting, but a tracing garbage collector which moves objects. Objects can be allocated on the stack (or even not at all), rather than always having to be allocated on the heap. Objects layout...
...heap and initializes it properly. It uses the above formula to determine the amount of memory to allocate, and takes care of GC registration. The only reason not to use this implementation would be to allocate objects from a different heap (as is done by some very small frequently used objects like ints and tuples). PyType_GenericNew() adds very little: it just calls the type's tp_alloc() slot with zero for nitems. But for mutable types that do all their initialization in their tp_init() slo...
...Heapmonitor: It provides facilities to size individual objects and can track all objects of certain classes. It was developed in 2008 by Ludwig Haehne. Pympler (2008-2011): project based on asizeof, muppy and HeapMonitor objgraph (2008-2012) Dozer: WSGI Middleware version of the CherryPy memory leak debugger, written by Marius Gedminas (2008-2013) Meliae: Python Memory Usage Analyzer developed by John A Meinel since 2009 gdb-heap: gdb script written in Python by Dave Malcolm (2010-2011) to analy...
...heap, ILM continuously reviews its production methods and evaluates new technologies as they become available. Since its adoption in 1996, the use of Python has also been reviewed numerous times. Each time, ILM failed to find a more compelling solution. Python's unique mix of simplicity and power continues to be the best available choice for controlling ILM's complex and changing computing environment. About the Author Tim Fortenberry joined Industrial Light & Magic in 1999 as an in...
...heapq.heapify() uses for i in xrange(n//2 - 1, -1, -1) because higher-level orderings are more easily formed from pairs of lower-level orderings. A forward version of this algorithm is possible; however, that would complicate the rest of the heap code which iterates over the underlying list in the opposite direction. The replacement code for i in reversed(xrange(n//2)) makes clear the range covered and how many iterations it takes. mhlib.test() uses: testfolders.reverse(); for t in testfolder...
...heap types, a new method: PyTypeObject* PyType_Copy(PyTypeObject*); is added. Example xxmodule.c would be changed to remove the initxx function, and add the following code instead: struct xxstate{ PyObject *ErrorObject; PyObject *Xxo_Type; }; #define xxstate(o) ((struct xxstate*)PyModule_GetState(o)) static int xx_traverse(PyObject *m, visitproc v, void *arg) { Py_VISIT(xxstate(m)->ErrorObject); Py_VISIT(xxstate(m)->Xxo_Type); return 0; } static int...