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...Boolean type. This also applies to Jython: some Java classes have separately overloaded methods or constructors for int and boolean arguments. The bool type can be used to select the boolean variant. (The same is apparently the case for some COM interfaces.) The standard bool type can also serve as a way to force a value to be interpreted as a Boolean, which can be used to normalize Boolean values. When a Boolean value needs to be normalized to one of two values, bool(x) is much clearer than...
...bool f0: Callable[[], bool] f1: (int, str) -> bool f1: Callable[[int, str], bool] f2: (...) -> bool f2: Callable[..., bool] f3: async (str) -> str f3: Callable[[str], Awaitable[str]] f4: (**P) -> bool f4: Callable[P, bool] f5: (int, **P) -> bool f5: Callable[Concatenate[int, P], bool] f6: (*Ts) -> bool f6: Callable[[*Ts], bool] f7: (int, *Ts, str) -> bool f7: Callable[[int, *Ts, str], bool] Grammar and AST The proposed new syntax can be described by these AST chang...
...boolean value for single-element arrays where a.any() and a.all() can be assured of having the same result: >>> np.array([False]) and np.array([False]) array([False], dtype=bool) >>> np.array([False]) and np.array([True]) array([False], dtype=bool) >>> np.array([True]) and np.array([False]) array([False], dtype=bool) >>> np.array([True]) and np.array([True]) array([ True], dtype=bool) The proposal in this PEP would allow this situation to be changed by updat...
...bool) -> int: ... def add(x: Callable[P, int]) -> Callable[Concatenate[str, P], bool]: ... add(bar) # Should return (__a: str, x: int, *args: bool) -> bool def remove(x: Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int]) -> Callable[P, bool]: ... remove(bar) # Should return (*args: bool) -> bool def transform( x: Callable[Concatenate[int, P], int] ) -> Callable[Concatenate[str, P], bool]: ... transform(bar) # Should return (__a: str, *args: bool) -> bool This also means t...
...bool .__delitem__(int | slice) -> None .__delslice__(int, int) -> None .__eq__(bytes) -> bool .__ge__(bytes) -> bool .__getitem__(int | slice) -> int | bytes .__getslice__(int, int) -> bytes .__gt__(bytes) -> bool .__iadd__(bytes) -> bytes .__imul__(int) -> bytes .__iter__() -> iterator .__le__(bytes) -> bool .__len__() -> int .__lt__(bytes) -> bool .__mul__(int) -> bytes .__ne__(bytes) -> bool .__reduce__(...) -> ... .__reduce_ex__(...) -> ... ...
...bool_value): self.value = value self.bool_value = bool(bool_value) def __bool__(self): return self.bool_value def __not__(self): return CircuitBreaker(self.value, not self.bool_value) def __then__(self, result): if result is self: return self.value return result def __else__(self, result): if result is self: return self.value return result The key characteristic of these circuit breakers is t...
...bool values, and type checkers should verify that all return paths return a bool. In all other respects, TypeGuard is a distinct type from bool. It is not a subtype of bool. Therefore, Callable[..., TypeGuard[int]] is not assignable to Callable[..., bool]. When TypeGuard is used to annotate the return type of a function or method that accepts at least one parameter, that function or method is treated by type checkers as a user-defined type guard. The type argument provided for TypeGuard indicate...
...bool = True, frozen: bool = False, eq: bool = True, order: bool = True, ): ... # Example of how this class would be used by code that imports # from this library: class CustomerModel( ModelBase, init=False, frozen=True, eq=False, order=False, ): id: int name: str Metaclass example # Indicate that classes that use this metaclass default to # synthesizing comparison methods. @typing.dataclass_transform(eq_default=True, order_defa...
...bool Returns True if the object was opened for reading, False otherwise. If False, .read() will raise an IOError if called. .writable() -> bool Returns True if the object was opened for writing, False otherwise. If False, .write() and .truncate() will raise an IOError if called. .seekable() -> bool Returns True if the object supports random access (such as disk files), or False if the object only supports sequential access (such as sockets, pipes, and ttys). If False, .seek(), .tell(...
...bool, int | float) # invalid issubclass(bool, bool | list[int]) Incompatible changes In some situations, some exceptions will not be raised as expected. If a metaclass implements the __or__ operator, it will override this: >>> class M(type): ... def __or__(self, other): return "Hello" ... >>> class C(metaclass=M): pass ... >>> C | int 'Hello' >>> int | C typing.Union[int, __main__.C] >>> Union[C, int] typing.Union[__main__.C, int] Objecti...
...bool\n\n" "Determine whether name and value make a valid pair."); Though some C compilers accept string literals without either: /* BAD -- don't do this! */ PyDoc_STRVAR(myfunction__doc__, "myfunction(name, value) -> bool\n\n Determine whether name and value make a valid pair."); not all do; the MSVC compiler is known to complain about this. Copyright This document has been placed in the public domain. Source: https://github.com/python/peps/blob/master/pep-0007.txt
...bools Protocol 2 introduces new opcodes for pickling True and False directly. Under protocols 0 and 1, bools are pickled as integers, using a trick in the representation of the integer in the pickle so that an unpickler can recognize that a bool was intended. That trick consumed 4 bytes per bool pickled. The new bool opcodes consume 1 byte per bool. Pickling small tuples Protocol 2 introduces new opcodes for more-compact pickling of tuples of lengths 1, 2 and 3. Protocol 1 previously intro...
...bool] to be written as (int, str) -> bool.</description><author>Steven Troxler <steven.troxler@gmail.com>,</author><guid isPermaLink="true">https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0677/</guid><pubDate>Mon, 13 Dec 2021 00:00:00 GMT</pubDate></item><item><title>PEP 681: Data Class Transforms</title><link>https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0681/</link><description>PEP 557 introduced t...
...bool(expr) and existence checking with operator.exists(expr) than currently map between truth checking and existence checking with expr is not None (or expr is not NotImplemented in the context of operand coercion, or the various NaN-checking operations in mathematical libraries). As a simple example of the new parallels introduced by this PEP, compare: all_are_true = all(map(bool, iterable)) at_least_one_is_true = any(map(bool, iterable)) all_exist = all(map(operator.exists, iterable)) at_leas...
...bool, filename_pattern: str, lineno: int=None, all_frames: bool=False) class: Filter on traces of memory blocks. See the fnmatch.fnmatch() function for the syntax of filename_pattern. The '.pyc' and '.pyo' file extensions are replaced with '.py'. Examples: Filter(True, subprocess.__file__) only includes traces of the subprocess module Filter(False, tracemalloc.__file__) excludes traces of the tracemalloc module Filter(False, "<unknown>") excludes empty tracebacks inclusive attribute: ...
...bools. For example, we can combine Literal[True], Literal[False], and overloads to construct "custom type guards": @overload def is_int_like(x: Union[int, List[int]]) -> Literal[True]: ... @overload def is_int_like(x: object) -> bool: ... def is_int_like(x): ... vector: List[int] = [1, 2, 3] if is_int_like(vector): vector.append(3) else: vector.append("bad") # This branch is inferred to be unreachable scalar: Union[int, str] if is_int_like(scalar): scalar += 3 # Type ...
...bool: ... @overload def foo(x: str) -> str: ... x1: int = foo("foo") # First overload. x2: bool = foo("bar") # Second overload. s: str x3: str = foo(s) # Third overload. Backwards Compatibility We propose adding typing_extensions.LiteralString for use in earlier Python versions. As PEP 586 mentions, type checkers "should feel free to experiment with more sophisticated inference techniques". So, if the type checker infers a literal string type for an unannotated variable that is initi...
...bool, True, False - these were introduced as ints in Python 2.2.1, but are now a separate type (a subtype of int). This means that True and False are now printed as the strings 'True' and 'False', respectively. As of 2.3b1, bool() without arguments returns False. (PEP 285) compile(), eval(), exec - fully support Unicode, and no longer issue a SyntaxError when their input doesn't end with a newline. (New in 2.3a2.) range() - as of 2.3b1 supports long arguments with a magnitude larger than sys....
...boolean saying whether wheels with the given tag should be considered compatible with the current system, or else None to indicate that the default logic should be used. For compatibility with previous specifications, if the tag is manylinux1 or manylinux_2_5 exactly, then we also check the module for a boolean attribute manylinux1_compatible, if the tag version is manylinux2010 or manylinux_2_12 exactly, then we also check the module for a boolean attribute manylinux2010_compatible, and if the ...
...bool, str] Unpacking Tuple Types We mentioned that a TypeVarTuple stands for a tuple of types. Since we can unpack a TypeVarTuple, for consistency, we also allow unpacking a tuple type. As we shall see, this also enables a number of interesting features. Unpacking Concrete Tuple Types Unpacking a concrete tuple type is analogous to unpacking a tuple of values at runtime. Tuple[int, *Tuple[bool, bool], str] is equivalent to Tuple[int, bool, bool, str]. Unpacking Unbounded Tuple Types Unpack...