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...algorithm enables the user to select a hash algorithm in the configure step. hash function selection The value of the macro Py_HASH_ALGORITHM defines which hash algorithm is used internally. It may be set to any of the three values Py_HASH_SIPHASH24, Py_HASH_FNV or Py_HASH_EXTERNAL. If Py_HASH_ALGORITHM is not defined at all, then the best available algorithm is selected. On platforms which don't require aligned memory access (HAVE_ALIGNED_REQUIRED not defined) and an unsigned 64 bit integer t...
...Algorithms v1.0 PEP:272 Title:API for Block Encryption Algorithms v1.0 Author:A.M. Kuchling <amk at amk.ca> Status:Final Type:Informational Created:18-Sep-2001 Post-History:17-Apr-2002, 29-May-2002 Contents Abstract Introduction Specification References Changes Acknowledgements Copyright Abstract This document specifies a standard API for secret-key block encryption algorithms such as DES or Rijndael, making it easier to switch between different algorithms and implemen...
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...algorithm is most easily understood as randomly selecting elements from an ever diminishing pool. In fact, the algorithm can be run in a forward direction but is less intuitive and rarely presented that way in literature. The replacement code for i in reversed(xrange(1, len(x))) is much easier to verify visually. rfc822.Message.__delitem__() uses: list.reverse() for i in list: del self.headers[i] The need for reverse iteration arises because the tail of the underlying list is altered du...
...algorithm: isclose(a,b) is always the same as isclose(b,a) If a relative closeness test uses only one of the values (such as (1) above), then the result is asymmetric, i.e. isclose(a,b) is not necessarily the same as isclose(b,a). Which approach is most appropriate depends on what question is being asked. If the question is: "are these two numbers close to each other?", there is no obvious ordering, and a symmetric test is most appropriate. However, if the question is: "Is the computed value wit...
...algorithm in bytes. The block size is used by the HMAC module to pad the secret key to digest_size or to hash the secret key if it is longer than digest_size. If no HMAC algorithm is standardized for the hash algorithm, return NotImplemented instead. name A text string value; the canonical, lowercase name of the hashing algorithm. The name should be a suitable parameter for hashlib.new. Hashing objects require the following methods: copy() Return a separate copy of this hashing object. An upd...
...algorithms to Python objects Goal: Implementation of interfaces for the application of C++ Standard Template Library algorithms and boost algorithms to Python objects, such as Python lists, tuples, strings and Python objects that support the buffer interface. Python LONG support Python provides an arbitrary-precision LONG integer type which is not currently supported by Boost.Python. Goal: Addition of an interface to Python LONGs which allows them to be direct...
...algorithms such as MD5 or SHA. This document specifies a standard API for such algorithms, to make it easier to switch between different implementations. Specification All hashing modules should present the same interface. Additional methods or variables can be added, but those described in this document should always be present. Hash function modules define one function: new([string]) (unkeyed hashes) new([key] , [string]) (keyed hashes) Create a new hashing object and retu...
...algorithm¶ The source code for the md5 module contains the following notice: Copyright (C) 1999, 2002 Aladdin Enterprises. All rights reserved. This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software. Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to...
...algorithm. Some examples are CALG_3DES and CALG_AES_256, which refer to the bulk encryption algorithm used in a cipher suite, CALG_DH_EPHEM and CALG_RSA_KEYX which refer to part of the key exchange algorithm used in a cipher suite, CALG_SHA1 and CALG_MD5 which refer to the message authentication code used in a cipher suite, and CALG_ECDSA and CALG_RSA_SIGN which refer to the signing portions of the key exchange algorithm. This can be thought of as the half of OpenSSL's functionality that SecureT...
...algorithm should work. For mixed scripts, certain kinds of mixing should probably allowed - are these the "Common" and "Inherited" scripts mentioned in section 5? For Confusable Detection, it seems one needs two identifiers to compare them for confusion - is it possible to somehow apply it to a single identifier only, and warn? In follow-up discussion, it turns out that John Nagle actually meant to suggest UTR#36, level "Highly Restrictive", [3]. Several people suggested to allow and ignore form...
...algorithms is usually much more efficient. Nexedi found the GNU Linear Programming Kit (GLPK) to be a good starting point for ERP5's linear programming needs. GPLK is written in C, and interfacing it to Python was achieved in only a couple of hours using the SWIG glue libraries. Nexedi now distributes a Python GLPK module, python-glpk, which provides the power of linear programming in Python. Conclusion The ERP5 abstract model has been found to reduce development costs by an order of magnitude...
...algorithm to be used when rounding is necessary, one of "round-down", "round-half-up", "round-half-even", "round-ceiling", "round-floor", "round-half-down", and "round-up". See Rounding Algorithms below. Flags and trap-enablers: Exceptional conditions are grouped into signals, controllable individually, each consisting of a flag (boolean, set when the signal occurs) and a trap-enabler (a boolean that controls behavior). The signals are: "clamped", "division-by-zero", "inexact", "invalid-operati...
...algorithm for normalization will minimize the breakage from this. As distributions make new releases using tools which implement this PEP, the backwards-compatibility issues will become less of a concern. Security Implications It is possible that for a distribution that has conflicting extra names, a tool ends up installing distributions that somehow weaken the security of the system. This is only hypothetical and if it were to occur, it would probably be more of a security concern for the dis...
...algorithms. More pleasant surprises were in store for us. Until we used Python, we were not aware of what a difference programming in such a readable language would make. Some of us already had extensive experience programming in other interpreted dynamically typed languages. We believed, at the time, that Python's reputation as a good language for rapid development rested solely on the fact that it is intepreted and dynamically typed. But by programming in Python we became more productive than ...
...algorithms used for resizing and doing color space conversions may differ between Python versions and implementations, but they always give high quality results (e.g.: a cubic spline interpolation can be used for upsampling and an antialias filter can be used for downsampling images); any combination of mode conversion is supported, but the algorithm used for conversions to and from the CMYK* modes is pretty naïve: if you have the exact color profiles of your devices you may want to use a good c...
...algorithm, depending on whether the data was in the form of an iterator or sequence. This proved to be a design mistake, as the calculated variance could differ slightly depending on the algorithm used, and variance etc. were changed to internally generate a list and always use the more accurate two-pass implementation. One controversial design involved the functions to calculate median, which were implemented as attributes on the median callable, e.g. median, median.low, median.high etc. Alth...
...algorithms that use a dictionary as a bag of "to do" items and repeatedly need to pick one item. Such algorithms normally end up running in quadratic time; using popitem() they can usually be made to run in linear time. Standard library In the time module, the time argument to the functions strftime, localtime, gmtime, asctime and ctime is now optional, defaulting to the current time (in the local timezone). The ftplib module now defaults to passive mode, which is deemed a more us...
...algorithms, extracting documentation from code at runtime, applying design-by-contract development methods, and in building various types of meta-classes. For almost every programming task, Python makes it not only possible but quite easy to build meta-code where one might otherwise end up building gobs of manually crafted code. 6) Faster development and deeper prototyping -- Python increases speed of development to the point where prototyping can be integrated into and interleaved with the prim...