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• Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2

  ...math >>> math.pi.__init__(3.0) >>> print math.pi 3.0 >>> I could have fixed this problem in other ways, for example by adding an "already initialized" flag or only allowing __init__ to be called on subclass instances, but those solutions are inelegant. Instead, I added __new__, which is a perfectly general mechanism that can be used by built-in and user-defined classes, for immutable and mutable objects. Here are some rules for __new__: __new__ is a static...

• Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2

  ...math >>> math.pi.__init__(3.0) >>> print math.pi 3.0 >>> I could have fixed this problem in other ways, for example by adding an "already initialized" flag or only allowing __init__ to be called on subclass instances, but those solutions are inelegant. Instead, I added __new__, which is a perfectly general mechanism that can be used by built-in and user-defined classes, for immutable and mutable objects. Here are some rules for __new__: __new__ is a static method. When d...

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