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20 Sept. from 12am UTC , 2015
Location: No. 587 Xin cheng road, Nokia Global Research Center, Hangzhou, China
PyConChina 2015
...global x in f [3] (explicitly specify which scope) free x [5] outer x [6] use x [9] global x [10] (change the meaning of global) nonlocal x [11] global x outer [18] global in x [18] not global x [18] extern x [20] ref x [22] refer x [22] share x [22] sharing x [22] common x [22] using x [22] borrow x [22] reuse x [23] scope f x [25] (explicitly specify which scope) The most commonly discussed choices appear to be outer, global, and nonlocal. outer is already used as both a variable name and an...
From 16 Oct. through 19 Oct., 2023
Location: Dubai, UAE
PyCon MEA & MEA Data Science 2023 (part of Global DevSlam)
...global state when possible, there nonetheless exist a number of situations where it is agreed to be the best approach. In Python, a standard pattern for handling such cases is to store the global state in global or thread-local storage, and then use with blocks to limit modifications of this global state to a single dynamic scope. Examples where this pattern is used include the standard library's warnings.catch_warnings and decimal.localcontext, NumPy's numpy.errstate (which exposes the error-h...
...GLOBAL opcode. Sample Implementation Here is a sample implementation for codetweaks.py: from types import ClassType, FunctionType from opcode import opmap, HAVE_ARGUMENT, EXTENDED_ARG LOAD_GLOBAL, LOAD_CONST = opmap['LOAD_GLOBAL'], opmap['LOAD_CONST'] ABORT_CODES = (EXTENDED_ARG, opmap['STORE_GLOBAL']) def bind_constants(f, builtin_only=False, stoplist=[], verbose=False): """ Return a new function with optimized global references. Replaces global references with their currently de...
...global simple tools.RED|tools.GREEN RED|GREEN RED|GREEN user mixed tools.WHITE WHITE WHITE int drop-in tools.RED|tools.GREEN 3 3 As can be seen, repr() is primarily affected by whether the members are global, while str() is affected by being global or by being a drop-in replacement, with the drop-in replacement status having a higher priority. Also, the basic repr() and str() have changed for flags as the old style was flawed. Backwards Compatibility Backwards compatibility of stringified...
...globals; if you use a global constant in a loop, copy it to a local variable before the loop. And in Python, function names (global or built-in) are also global constants! Try to use map(), filter() or reduce() to replace an explicit for loop, but only if you can use a built-in function: map with a built-in function beats for loop, but a for loop with in-line code beats map with a lambda function! Check your algorithms for quadratic behavior. But notice that a more complex algori...
...globals that are deleted before anything else in the module. Since imported module or function names generally don't begin with an underscore, this means that such objects can be guaranteed that any imported modules or functions still exist when they are deleted -- provided, of course, that the only reference to them is in the module. (This step is already implemented in 1.5 as released.) C2 deletes the remaining objects but leaves the "internal global variable" __builtins__ alone ...
...globals = globals() module_object = sys.modules[__name__] # (1) underlying_function = Foo.meth # (1) defining_class = Foo # (1) defining_class = __class__ # (2) Note The defining class is not type(self), since type(self) might be a subclass of Foo. The statements marked (1) implicitly rely on name-based lookup via the function's __globals__: either the Foo attribute to access the defining class and Python function object, ...
...global community of Open Source contributors, under the oversight of the Python Software Foundation. Python's unique blend of simplicity and power excels in a wide range of business and research development tasks, including the construction of web applications, complex business solutions, and large desktop applications. "Python is everywhere at ILM. It's used to extend the capabilities of our applications, as well as providing the glue between them. Every CG image we create has invol...
...globally Events can be controlled globally by modifying the set of events being monitored: sys.monitoring.get_events()->Event Returns the Event set for all the active events. sys.monitoring.set_events(event_set: Event) Activates all events which are set in event_set. No events are active by default. Per code object events Events can also be controlled on a per code object basis: sys.monitoring.get_local_events(code: CodeType)->Event Returns the Event set for all the local events for c...
...global community of Open Source contributors, under the oversight of the Python Software Foundation. Python's unique blend of simplicity and power excels in a wide range of business and research development tasks, including the construction of web applications, complex business solutions, and large desktop applications. "NASA is using Python to implement a CAD/CAE/PDM repository and model management, integration, and transformation system which will be the core infrastructure for its...
...global or nonlocal in the same function scope: def f(): global x: int # SyntaxError def g(): x: int # Also a SyntaxError global x The reason is that global and nonlocal don't own variables; therefore, the type annotations belong in the scope owning the variable. Only single assignment targets and single right hand side values are allowed. In addition, one cannot annotate variables used in a for or with statement; they can be annotated ahead of time, in a similar manner to tuple ...
...Global Variables Global variables representing types and exceptions are available to applications. In addition, selected global variables referenced in macros (such as Py_True and Py_False) are available. A complete list of global variable definitions is given in the python3.def file [1]; those declared DATA denote variables. Other Macros All macros defining symbolic constants are available to applications; the numeric values will not change. In addition, the following macros are available: P...
Location: Rome Italy
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...global or nonlocal declaration. TargetNameError, a new SyntaxError subclass, will be raised at compile time if no such binding or declaration is present. For example, the following code would compile and run as it does today: x = 0 x += 1 # Sets global "x" to 1 class C: x += 1 # Sets local "x" to 2, leaves global "x" alone def local_target(): x = 0 x += 1 # Sets local "x" to 1, leaves global "x" alone def global_target(): global x x += 1 # Increments global "x" each time ...
...GLOBAL The LOAD_GLOBAL instruction looks up a name in the global namespace and then, if not present in the global namespace, looks it up in the builtins namespace. In 3.9 the C code for the LOAD_GLOBAL includes code to check to see whether the whole code object should be modified to add a cache, whether either the global or builtins namespace, code to lookup the value in a cache, and fallback code. This makes it complicated and bulky. It also performs many redundant operations even when supposed...
...global with triggering __getattr__ (for example if one wants to use a lazy loaded submodule) one can access it as: sys.modules[__name__].some_global or as: from . import some_global Note that the latter sets the module attribute, thus __getattr__ will be called only once. References [2]The reference implementation (https://github.com/ilevkivskyi/cpython/pull/3/files) [3]Reserved classes of identifiers (https://docs.python.org/3/reference/lexical_analysis.html#reserved-classes-of-id...
...globals][, run_name][, alter_sys]) Execute the code of the specified module and return the resulting module globals dictionary. The module's code is first located using the standard import mechanism (refer to PEP 302 for details) and then executed in a fresh module namespace. The optional dictionary argument init_globals may be used to pre-populate the globals dictionary before the code is executed. The supplied dictionary will not be modified. If any of the special global variables below are d...
...Global State Sometimes, state of a Python module is not specific to that module, but to the entire process (or something else “more global” than a module). For example: The readline module manages the terminal. A module running on a circuit board wants to control the on-board LED. In these cases, the Python module should provide access to the global state, rather than own it. If possible, write the module so that multiple copies of it can access the state independently (along with other librar...