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...definition of the concepts, but you should consult the individual system's glossaries for details. Here are some basic references for terminology, from some of the standard web-based references on each VCS. You can also refer to glossaries for each DVCS: Subversion : http://svnbook.red-bean.com/en/1.5/svn.basic.html Bazaar : http://bazaar-vcs.org/BzrGlossary Mercurial : http://www.selenic.com/mercurial/wiki/index.cgi/UnderstandingMercurial git : http://book.git-scm.com/1_the_git_object_model.ht...
...definition with a platform- specific spelling in that platform's pyconfig.h. You can also override pyport.h's default Py_IS_INFINITY definition now. C API SF patch 1044089: New function PyEval_ThreadsInitialized() returns non-zero if PyEval_InitThreads() has been called. The undocumented and unused extern int _PyThread_Started was removed. The C API calls PyInterpreterState_New() and PyThreadState_New() are two of the very few advertised as being safe to call without holding the GIL. Howe...
...definition in the nearest enclosing function scope will be used. One consequence of this change is that lambda statements could reference variables in the namespaces where the lambda is defined. In some unusual cases, this change will break code. In all previous version of Python, names were resolved in exactly three namespaces -- the local namespace, the global namespace, and the builtin namespace. According to this old definition, if a function A is defined within a function B, the names bo...
...definition of how a minimal image-like object should look and act (in a similar way to the read() and write() methods in file-like objects). The inclusion in the standard library of a class that provides basic image manipulation functionality and implements the new protocol is also proposed, together with a mixin class that helps adding support for the protocol to existing image classes. PEP Deferral Further exploration of the concepts covered in this PEP has been deferred for lack of a curren...
...Definitions for built-in types Non-definition of matrix power Rejected alternatives to adding a new operator Discussions of this PEP References Copyright Abstract This PEP proposes a new binary operator to be used for matrix multiplication, called @. (Mnemonic: @ is * for mATrices.) Specification A new binary operator is added to the Python language, together with the corresponding in-place version: Op Precedence/associativity Methods @ Same as * __matmul__, __rmatmul__ @= n/a...
...Exporting to sneakernet [57] all code and data (previous TUF metadata and root keys) required to generate new keys and replace old ones Tightening the firewall, updating the entire operating system in order to fix security vulnerabilities, and airgapping the computer Exporting all new TUF metadata and keys to encrypted backup media. This backup provides a complete copy of the data required to restore the PyPI TUF repository Exporting only new TUF metadata and online keys to encrypted back...
...definitions with two blank lines. Method definitions inside a class are surrounded by a single blank line. Extra blank lines may be used (sparingly) to separate groups of related functions. Blank lines may be omitted between a bunch of related one-liners (e.g. a set of dummy implementations). Use blank lines in functions, sparingly, to indicate logical sections. Python accepts the control-L (i.e. ^L) form feed character as whitespace; Many tools treat these characters as page separators, so you...
...exported. Marc-Andre Lemburg indicates that updating to newer OpenSSL releases in the egenix-pyopenssl binaries has not resulted in any reported compatibility issues [3] The Mac OS X binary installers historically followed the same policy as other POSIX installations and dynamically linked to the Apple provided OpenSSL libraries. However, Apple has now ceased updating these cross-platform libraries, instead requiring that even cross-platform developers adopt Mac OS X specific interfaces to acces...
...definition a nested class definition a for loop a with statement an except clause (with limited scope of access) The historical trend for the language has actually been to remove support for expression level declarations of function local names, first with the introduction of "fast locals" semantics (which made the introduction of names via locals() unsupported for function scopes), and again with the hiding of comprehension iteration variables in Python 3.0. Now, it may be that in Python 3.9, ...
...definition of a stream lets us separate stream-based operations like read() and write() from implementation specific operations like fileno() and isatty(). It encourages programmers to write code that uses streams as streams and not require that all streams support file-specific or socket-specific operations. The new I/O spec is intended to be similar to the Java I/O libraries, but generally less confusing. Programmers who don't want to muck about in the new I/O world can expect that the open()...
...definition. The same rules apply with respect to keyword subscripts as for keywords in function calls: the interpreter matches up each keyword subscript to a named parameter in the appropriate method; if a named parameter is used twice, that is an error; if there are any named parameters left over (without a value) when the keywords are all used, they are assigned their default value (if any); if any such parameter doesn't have a default, that is an error; if there are any keyword subscripts ...
...exports the following constructors and singletons: Date(year, month, day) This function constructs an object holding a date value. Time(hour, minute, second) This function constructs an object holding a time value. Timestamp(year, month, day, hour, minute, second) This function constructs an object holding a time stamp value. DateFromTicks(ticks) This function constructs an object holding a date value from the given ticks value (number of seconds since the epoch; see the documentation of ...