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  • Release – Python 3.13.8

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 7, 2025

    This is the eighth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest previous major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.8 is the eighth maintenance release of 3.13, containing around 200 bugfixes, build improvements and …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.10

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 2, 2025

    This is the tenth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13.10 is the tenth maintenance release of 3.13, containing around 300 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.13.9. Major new features of the 3.13 series, compared to 3.12 Some of the new major new features and …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.11

    Version: None

    Released: Dec. 5, 2025

    This is the eleventh maintenance release of Python 3.13 Note: This is Python 3.13.11, a maintenance release for Python 3.13. Python 3.14 is now the latest feature release series of Python 3. Get the latest release of 3.14.x here. Python 3.13.11 is the eleventh maintenance release of …

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  • Release – Python 3.7.0a1

    Version: None

    Released: Sept. 19, 2017

    This is an early developer preview of Python 3.7 Major new features of the 3.7 series, compared to 3.6 Python 3.7 is still in development. This releasee, 3.7.0a1 is the first of four planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the …

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  • Glue It All Together With Python

    Glue It All Together With Python Glue It All Together With Python Guido van Rossum CNRI 1895 Preston White Drive Reston, VA 20191 Email: guido@cnri.reston.va.us, guido@python.org Position paper for the OMG-DARPA-MCC Workshop on Compositional Software Architecture in Monterey, California, January 6-8, 1998. Introduction Python is an advanced scripting language that is being used successfully to glue together large software components. It spans multiple platforms, mid...

  • Python Software Foundation: Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting (May 14, 2002)

    Python Software Foundation: Minutes of Board of Directors Meeting (May 14, 2002) The Python Software Foundation Minutes of Regular Meeting of the Board of Directors May 14, 2002. Present: David Ascher Marc-Andre Lemburg Martin v. Löwis Jeremy Hylton Tim Peters Guido van Rossum Thomas Wouters was absent; the Board had quorum. The meeting starts at 17:00 UTC. Agenda: 1. Minutes from two previous IRC board meetings still need to be approved. 2. Reports. 3. How are we doing on new ...

  • Release – Python 3.13.5

    Version: None

    Released: June 11, 2025

    This is the fifth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.5 is the fifth maintenance release of 3.13. 3.13.5 is an expedited release to fix …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.7

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 14, 2025

    This is the seventh maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.7 is the seventh maintenance release of 3.13. 3.13.7 is an expedited release to fix …

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  • Matching Donations

    Matching Donations Did you know many companies offer a matching gift program to encourage philanthropy among their employees? And that some companies will even match gifts made by family members and retirees? By completing a matching gift form (online or paper), you may be able to double, or even triple, the impact of your gift. Contributions of any amount help us award grants and provide resources for furthering the development of a diverse and international community of Python programmers...

  • Release – Python 3.13.4

    Version: None

    Released: June 3, 2025

    This is the fourth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.4 is the latest maintenance release, containing a few important security fixes as well as around …

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  • Python Patterns - Implementing Graphs

    Python Patterns - Implementing Graphs Warning This page stays here for historical reasons and it may contain outdated or incorrect information. Change notes: 2/22/98, 3/2/98, 12/4/00: This version of this essay fixes several bugs in the code. 6/10/19: Retraction of find_shortest_path as "nearly optimal". 8/11/19: Fix accidental usage of find_graph() instead of find_path() Copyright (c) 1998, 2000, 2003, 2019 Python Software Foundation. All rights reserved. License...

  • Python Software Foundation: Articles of Incorporation

    Python Software Foundation: Articles of Incorporation Articles of Incorporation of the Python Software Foundation State of Delaware Secretary of State Division of Corporations Filed 04:30 PM 02/20/2001 010084958 - 3359300 Certificate of Incorporation of Python Software Foundation The undersigned, acting as incorporators of a corporation under the Delaware General Corporation Law, adopt the following certificate of incorporation for such corporation: Article I Name The n...

  • Release – Python 3.14.0a5

    Version: None

    Released: Feb. 11, 2025

    Here comes the antepenultimate alpha. This is an early developer preview of Python 3.14 Major new features of the 3.14 series, compared to 3.13 Python 3.14 is still in development. This release, 3.14.0a5, is the fifth of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to …

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  • Release – Python 3.14.0b3

    Version: None

    Released: June 17, 2025

    It's 3.14 beta 3! https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3140b3/ This is a beta preview of Python 3.14 Python 3.14 is still in development. This release, 3.14.0b3, is the third of four planned beta releases. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features …

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  • Release – Python 3.14.0

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 7, 2025

    This is the stable release of Python 3.14.0 Python 3.14.0 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimisations compared to Python 3.13. Major new features of the 3.14 series, compared to 3.13 Some of the major …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0rc3

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 1, 2024

    This is the third release candidate of Python 3.13.0 This release, 3.13.0rc3, is the final release preview (no really) of 3.13. This release is expected to become the final 3.13.0 release, barring any critical bugs being discovered. The official release of 3.13.0 is now scheduled for Monday, 2024-10-07. …

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  • Release – Python 3.14.0b4

    Version: None

    Released: July 8, 2025

    It's the final 3.14 beta! https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3140b4/ This is a beta preview of Python 3.14 Python 3.14 is still in development. This release, 3.14.0b4, is the last of four planned beta releases. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new …

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  • Python Success Stories

    Python Success Stories Introduction This is the story of Python at the Philips semiconductor manufacturing facility in Fishkill, NY. This facility, originally built by IBM, was acquired by Philips in 2000. I have been involved with this facility on and off for the past twelve years and was responsible for redesigning substantial portions of the factory tool control software using Python. In the early 1990s, the factory adopted an automation strategy based around Asyst Technology's tool loader...

  • Python Software Foundation Public Records

    Python Software Foundation Public Records Incorporation Here is a transcript of the Articles of Incorporation. Bylaws Here are the PSF Bylaws. Board of Directors PSF Board Members & Officers Resolutions Meeting Minutes Python Software Foundation Policies: Conflict of Interest Policy Whistleblower Policy Python.org Email Policy PSF Staff Current staff IRS recognition of tax exempt status The PSF is a United States 501(c)(3) corporation domiciled in Delaware. Final determ...

  • Release – Python 3.6.0a1

    Version: None

    Released: May 17, 2016

    Python 3.6.0a1 Python 3.6.0a1 was released on 2016-05-17. Major new features of the 3.6 series, compared to 3.5 Python 3.6 is still in development; 3.6.0a1 is the first of four planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to test the current …

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Python language documentation

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