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  • What is Python? Executive Summary

    What is Python? Executive Summary What is Python? Executive Summary Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built in data structures, combined with dynamic typing and dynamic binding, make it very attractive for Rapid Application Development, as well as for use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components together. Python's simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore r...

  • Python Success Stories

    Python Success Stories Introduction This is the story of Python at the Philips semiconductor manufacturing facility in Fishkill, NY. This facility, originally built by IBM, was acquired by Philips in 2000. I have been involved with this facility on and off for the past twelve years and was responsible for redesigning substantial portions of the factory tool control software using Python. In the early 1990s, the factory adopted an automation strategy based around Asyst Technology's tool loader...

  • What's new in Python 1.5 and beyond

    ...interpreters(!), uninitialization, and access to the global interpreter lock. There is a -O option that removes SET_LINENO instructions, assert statements and code prefixed with if __debug__: .... (It still only makes a few percent difference, so don't get all worked up about this.) The Grand Renaming is completed: all linker-visible symbols defined by Python now have a "Py" or "_Py" prefix, and the same is true for most macros and typedefs. From 1.5a4 to 1.5b1 If you wer...

  • Release – Python 3.13.0b1

    Version: None

    Released: May 8, 2024

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is still in development. This release, 3.13.0b1, is the first of four beta release previews of 3.13. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0

    Version: None

    Released: Oct. 7, 2024

    This is the stable release of Python 3.13.0 Python 3.13.0 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. (Compared to the last release candidate, 3.13.0rc3, 3.13.0 contains two small bug fixes and some documentation and testing …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.2

    Version: None

    Released: Feb. 4, 2025

    This is the second maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.2 is the latest maintenance release, containing almost 250 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.13.1. …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.3

    Version: None

    Released: April 8, 2025

    This is the third maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.3 is the latest maintenance release, containing almost 320 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes since 3.13.2. …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.6

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 6, 2025

    This is the sixth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.6 is the sixth maintenance release of 3.13, containing around 200 bugfixes, build improvements and documentation changes …

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  • Progenv SIG - Python programming-environment issues

    Progenv SIG - Python programming-environment issues Progenv SIG - Python programming-environment issues This sig has been retired. New postings to the mailing list will be rejected, but the archives of the old list are still available for perusal. See the SIGs home page for info about active and inactive lists. This list was intended for the discussion of the issues concerning the Python programming environment - the facilities, including editors, interp...

  • Thread-SIG - SIG on Process Threading in Python

    Thread-SIG - SIG on Process Threading in Python SIG on Process Threading in Python This sig has been retired. New postings to the mailing list will be rejected, but the archives of the old list are still available for perusal. See the SIGs home page for info about active and inactive lists. This list's mission is to improve the status of threading in Python. Specifically: Python will have a sufficiently powerful threading interface ...

  • Release – Python 3.14.0b3

    Version: None

    Released: June 17, 2025

    It's 3.14 beta 3! https://www.python.org/downloads/release/python-3140b3/ This is a beta preview of Python 3.14 Python 3.14 is still in development. This release, 3.14.0b3, is the third of four planned beta releases. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0b3

    Version: None

    Released: June 27, 2024

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is still in development. This release, 3.13.0b3, is the third of four beta release previews of 3.13. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.5

    Version: None

    Released: June 11, 2025

    This is the fifth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.5 is the fifth maintenance release of 3.13. 3.13.5 is an expedited release to fix a couple …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.7

    Version: None

    Released: Aug. 14, 2025

    This is the seventh maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.7 is the seventh maintenance release of 3.13. 3.13.7 is an expedited release to fix a significant …

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  • Release – Python 3.14.0a6

    Version: None

    Released: March 14, 2025

    Here comes the penultimate alpha. This is an early developer preview of Python 3.14 Major new features of the 3.14 series, compared to 3.13 Python 3.14 is still in development. This release, 3.14.0a6, is the sixth of seven planned alpha releases. Alpha releases are intended to make it easier to …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0b2

    Version: None

    Released: June 5, 2024

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is still in development. This release, 3.13.0b2, is the second of four beta release previews of 3.13. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.0b4

    Version: None

    Released: July 17, 2024

    This is a beta preview of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is still in development. This release, 3.13.0b4, is the final beta release preview of 3.13. Beta release previews are intended to give the wider community the opportunity to test new features and bug fixes and to prepare their projects to …

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  • Release – Python 3.13.4

    Version: None

    Released: June 3, 2025

    This is the fourth maintenance release of Python 3.13 Python 3.13 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations compared to Python 3.12. 3.13.4 is the latest maintenance release, containing a few important security fixes as well as around 300 …

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  • python.org email policy

    python.org email policy Use of @python.org email addresses represents the Python Software Foundation. The PSF maintains an email policy to help users understand the expectations for usage of their @python.org address. @python.org emails can be assigned to the following: Python Software Foundation staff Python Software Foundation board members and officers Python core developers Python community mailing lists and fiscal sponsorees Significant contributors to Python infrastructure a...

  • Release – Python 3.14.0a7

    Version: None

    Released: April 8, 2025

    Here comes the final alpha! This means we have just four weeks until the first beta to get those last features into 3.14 before the feature freeze on 2025-05-06! This is an early developer preview of Python 3.14 Major new features of the 3.14 series, compared to 3.13 Python 3.14 …

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