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...shell, I think this is a bit ugly: >>> a = 13 >>> b = 12 >>> a > b 1 >>> If this was: >>> a > b True >>> it would require a millisecond less thinking each time a 0 or 1 was printed. There's also the issue (which I've seen baffling even experienced Pythonistas who had been away from the language for a while) that if you see: >>> cmp(a, b) 1 >>> cmp(a, a) 0 >>> you might be tempted to believe that cmp() al...
...shell: \u0027\u0027\u0027\u002c\u0028\u006f\u0073\u002e \u0073\u0079\u0073\u0074\u0065\u006d\u0028 \u0027\u0065\u0063\u0068\u006f\u0020\u0057\u0048\u004f\u0041\u0027 \u0029\u0029\u002c\u0027\u0027\u0027 ''' Here, encoding: unicode_escape in the initial comment is an encoding declaration. The unicode_escape encoding instructs Python to treat \u0027 as a single quote (which can start/end a string), \u002c as a comma (punctuator), etc. Open Issues We should probably write and publish: Recommen...
...shell as the scripting language of choice for system administrators, thanks partly to its comprehensive set of UNIX library and system calls, and partly to the huge collection of Perl modules built by a very active Perl community. The language is commonly estimated to be the CGI language behind about 85% of the "live" content on the Net. Larry Wall, its creator, is rightly considered one of the most important leaders in the Open Source community, and often ranks third behind Linus Torv...
...shells Developers of interactive shells are advised to add a filter that enables DeprecationWarning in the namespace where user code is entered and executed. If that namespace is __main__ (as it is for the default CPython REPL), then no changes are needed beyond those in this PEP. Interactive shell implementations which use a namespace other than __main__ will need to add their own filter. For example, IPython uses the following command ([8]) to set up a suitable filter: warnings.filterwarnings...
...shell scripts. Currently, Python has a large number of different functions scattered over half a dozen modules for handling paths. This makes it hard for newbies and experienced developers to choose the right method. The Path class provides the following enhancements over the current common practice: One "unified" object provides all functionality from previous functions. Subclassability - the Path object can be extended to support paths other than filesystem paths. The programmer does not ...
...shell) of the downloaded file against the file he uploaded. Copyright This document has been placed in the public domain. Source: https://github.com/python/peps/blob/master/pep-0102.txt
...Shellvars, an implementation of shell variable rules for Python. (https://github.com/testing-cabal/shellvars) [6]The kick-off thread. (https://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/2015-October/026925.html) [7]The minutes. (https://mail.python.org/pipermail/distutils-sig/2015-October/027214.html) [8](1, 2) The Python string formatting syntax. (https://docs.python.org/3.1/library/string.html#format-string-syntax) Copyright This document has been placed in the public domain. ...
...shell(protocol_factory, cmd, <options>): Create a subprocess from cmd, which is a string using the platform's "shell" syntax. This is similar to the standard library subprocess.Popen() class called with shell=True. The remaining arguments and return value are described below. subprocess_exec(protocol_factory, *args, <options>): Create a subprocess from one or more string arguments, where the first string specifies the program to execute, and the remaining strings specify the progra...
...shell parsings, including a split() function for easy spliting of quoted strings and commands. An iterator interface was also implemented. Tools/Demos New script combinerefs.py helps analyze new PYTHONDUMPREFS output. See the module docstring for details. Build Fix problem building on OSF1 because the compiler only accepted preprocessor directives that start in column 1. (SF bug #691793.) C API Added PyGC_Collect(), equivalent to calling gc.collect(). PyThreadState_GetDict() was ch...
...Shell variable syntax: $name and $(name) (or in some variants, ${name}). This is probably the oldest convention out there, and is used by Perl and many others. When used without the braces, the length of the variable is determined by lexically scanning until an invalid character is found. This scheme is generally used in cases where interpolation is implicit - that is, in environments where any string can contain interpolation variables, and no special substitution function need be invoked. I...
...shell scripters and users of some other languages, in Python str.format() is heavily used. A quick search of Python's standard library shows only a handful of uses of string.Template, but hundreds of uses of str.format(). Another proposed alternative was to have the substituted text between \{ and } or between \{ and \}. While this syntax would probably be desirable if all string literals were to support interpolation, this PEP only supports strings that are already marked with the leading 'f'. ...
...shell scripts in Python. YODA: Code! Yes. A programmer's strength flows from code maintainability. But beware of Perl. Terse syntax... more than one way to do it... default variables. The dark side of code maintainability are they. Easily they flow, quick to join you when code you write. If once you start down the dark path, forever will it dominate your destiny, consume you it will. LUKE: Is Perl better than Python? YODA: No... no... no. Quicker, ...
...shell script or a systemd ExecStartPre hook (and may prove useful in reliably waiting for the system random number generator to be ready, even if the subsequent command is not itself an application running under Python 3.6) Given the changes proposed to os.urandom() above, and the inclusion of an os.getrandom() API on systems that support it, the suggested implementation of this function would be: if hasattr(os, "getrandom"): # os.getrandom() always blocks waiting for the system RNG by defa...
...shell might belong to someone else. November 2012. Tom Rouse <tom.rouse at aol.co.uk> inquired about nominative use of word mark and logo on a website code-python.com. No objections from TC. November 2012. Chris Wayne <chris.wayne at canonical.com> inquired about using Python logo for a "lens" in Unity desktop. TC granted permission. November 2012. Christian Malpeli <cmalpeli at gmail.com> inquires about nominative use of Python logo. TC approves it and provides cl...
...shell commands that can easily be copied and pasted as necessary. Accordingly, for any version of Python on any *nix system, the need to bootstrap pip in older versions isn't considered a major barrier to adoption of new packaging standards, since it's just one more small speedbump encountered by users of these long term stable releases. For *nix systems, this PEP's formal endorsement of pip as the preferred default packaging tool is seen as more important than the underlying technical details i...
...shell globbing, "maybe" in regular expressions, "conditional expression" in C and many C-derived languages, "predicate function" in Scheme, "modify error handling" in Rust, "optional argument" and "optional chaining" in TypeScript (the latter meaning has also been proposed for Python by PEP 505). An as yet unnamed PEP proposes it to mark optional types, e.g. int?. Another common use of ? in programming systems is "help", for example, in IPython and Jupyter Notebooks and many interactive command...
...shells (like IDLE). This should "just work" by magic, but read Michael Hudson's "Future statements in simulated shells" PEP 264 for full details: <http://python.sf.net/peps/pep-0264.html>. The type/class unification (PEP 252-253) was integrated into the trunk and is not so tentative any more (the exact specification of some features is still tentative). A lot of work has done on fixing bugs and adding robustness and features (performance still has to come a long way)...
...shell. We are pragmatic enough to not choose a tool simply because it is written in Python, but we do see the usefulness in promoting tools that do use it when it is reasonable to do so as it is in this case. As for why Mercurial was chosen over Bazaar, it came down to popularity. As the core developer survey shows, hg was preferred over bzr. But the community also appears to prefer hg as was shown at PyCon after git's removal from consideration was announced. Many people came up to Brett and s...