From bogus at bogzab.plus.com  Mon Nov  2 22:45:43 2009
From: bogus at bogzab.plus.com (bogzab)
Date: Mon, 2 Nov 2009 13:45:43 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to make Button Command work as a called
 function ?
Message-ID: <26157856.post@talk.nabble.com>


I think I am making a rookie error with this somewhere but cannot figure out
where.

If I create a button with these lines of code :

	topwin = Tk()
	...
	frame = Frame(topwin)
	...
	butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=topwin.iconfiy)

When the program runs, the button acts as expected and the window is
iconified.

If however the line which creates the button is :

	butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=wait_a_bit)

where wait_a_bit is a function I define as follows :

	def wait_a_bit():
		topwin.iconify
		print "Pressed No"

then the print statement in this function works, but the topwin.iconify
statement 
does not.

I have tried declaring topwin to be global but this made no difference.

Can anybody point me to where my error lies in the second approach ? I want
to
do it as a function because there are other bits of code as well as the
iconify 
that I need to incorporate.

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From bogus at bogzab.plus.com  Mon Nov  2 22:48:53 2009
From: bogus at bogzab.plus.com (bogzab)
Date: Mon, 2 Nov 2009 13:48:53 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to make Button Command work as a called
 function ?
Message-ID: <26157859.post@talk.nabble.com>


I think I am making a rookie error with this somewhere but cannot figure out
where.

If I create a button with these lines of code :

	topwin = Tk()
	...
	frame = Frame(topwin)
	...
	butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=topwin.iconfiy)

When the program runs, the button acts as expected and the window is
iconified.

If however the line which creates the button is :

	butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=wait_a_bit)

where wait_a_bit is a function I define as follows :

	def wait_a_bit():
		topwin.iconify
		print "Pressed No"

then the print statement in this function works, but the topwin.iconify
statement 
does not.

I have tried declaring topwin to be global but this made no difference.

Can anybody point me to where my error lies in the second approach ? I want
to
do it as a function because there are other bits of code as well as the
iconify 
that I need to incorporate.

-- 
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From michael.odonnell at uam.es  Tue Nov  3 09:10:08 2009
From: michael.odonnell at uam.es (Michael O'Donnell)
Date: Tue, 3 Nov 2009 09:10:08 +0100
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to make Button Command work as a called
	function ?
In-Reply-To: <26157859.post@talk.nabble.com>
References: <26157859.post@talk.nabble.com>
Message-ID: <47e491110911030010i1f80beefne188185955361448@mail.gmail.com>

HI Bogzab,

>        def wait_a_bit():
>                topwin.iconify
>                print "Pressed No"

change the second line for:
    topwin.iconify()

You need to end a method call with () to indicate it is
an invocation. Otherwise, the statement just returns
a pointer to the method.

Mick


On Mon, Nov 2, 2009 at 10:48 PM, bogzab <bogus at bogzab.plus.com> wrote:
>
> I think I am making a rookie error with this somewhere but cannot figure out
> where.
>
> If I create a button with these lines of code :
>
> ? ? ? ?topwin = Tk()
> ? ? ? ?...
> ? ? ? ?frame = Frame(topwin)
> ? ? ? ?...
> ? ? ? ?butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=topwin.iconfiy)
>
> When the program runs, the button acts as expected and the window is
> iconified.
>
> If however the line which creates the button is :
>
> ? ? ? ?butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=wait_a_bit)
>
> where wait_a_bit is a function I define as follows :
>
> ? ? ? ?def wait_a_bit():
> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?topwin.iconify
> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?print "Pressed No"
>
> then the print statement in this function works, but the topwin.iconify
> statement
> does not.
>
> I have tried declaring topwin to be global but this made no difference.
>
> Can anybody point me to where my error lies in the second approach ? I want
> to
> do it as a function because there are other bits of code as well as the
> iconify
> that I need to incorporate.
>
> --
> View this message in context: http://old.nabble.com/How-to-make-Button-Command-work-as-a-called-function---tp26157859p26157859.html
> Sent from the Python - tkinter-discuss mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tkinter-discuss mailing list
> Tkinter-discuss at python.org
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tkinter-discuss
>

From bogus at bogzab.plus.com  Tue Nov  3 20:20:18 2009
From: bogus at bogzab.plus.com (Bogus Zaba)
Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2009 19:20:18 +0000
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to make Button Command work as a called
 function ?
In-Reply-To: <47e491110911030010i1f80beefne188185955361448@mail.gmail.com>
References: <26157859.post@talk.nabble.com>
	<47e491110911030010i1f80beefne188185955361448@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <4AF08272.7020705@bogzab.plus.com>

I was right - a rookie mistake. Sorry to take up your time...

Bogus

Michael O'Donnell wrote:
> HI Bogzab,
>
>   
>>        def wait_a_bit():
>>                topwin.iconify
>>                print "Pressed No"
>>     
>
> change the second line for:
>     topwin.iconify()
>
> You need to end a method call with () to indicate it is
> an invocation. Otherwise, the statement just returns
> a pointer to the method.
>
> Mick
>
>
> On Mon, Nov 2, 2009 at 10:48 PM, bogzab <bogus at bogzab.plus.com> wrote:
>   
>> I think I am making a rookie error with this somewhere but cannot figure out
>> where.
>>
>> If I create a button with these lines of code :
>>
>>        topwin = Tk()
>>        ...
>>        frame = Frame(topwin)
>>        ...
>>        butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=topwin.iconfiy)
>>
>> When the program runs, the button acts as expected and the window is
>> iconified.
>>
>> If however the line which creates the button is :
>>
>>        butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=wait_a_bit)
>>
>> where wait_a_bit is a function I define as follows :
>>
>>        def wait_a_bit():
>>                topwin.iconify
>>                print "Pressed No"
>>
>> then the print statement in this function works, but the topwin.iconify
>> statement
>> does not.
>>
>> I have tried declaring topwin to be global but this made no difference.
>>
>> Can anybody point me to where my error lies in the second approach ? I want
>> to
>> do it as a function because there are other bits of code as well as the
>> iconify
>> that I need to incorporate.
>>
>> --
>> View this message in context: http://old.nabble.com/How-to-make-Button-Command-work-as-a-called-function---tp26157859p26157859.html
>> Sent from the Python - tkinter-discuss mailing list archive at Nabble.com.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Tkinter-discuss mailing list
>> Tkinter-discuss at python.org
>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tkinter-discuss
>>
>>     
>
>   


From michael.odonnell at uam.es  Tue Nov  3 22:55:48 2009
From: michael.odonnell at uam.es (Michael O'Donnell)
Date: Tue, 3 Nov 2009 22:55:48 +0100
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to make Button Command work as a called
	function ?
In-Reply-To: <4AF08272.7020705@bogzab.plus.com>
References: <26157859.post@talk.nabble.com>
	<47e491110911030010i1f80beefne188185955361448@mail.gmail.com>
	<4AF08272.7020705@bogzab.plus.com>
Message-ID: <47e491110911031355v663c3d24hbe21104df0cfdb71@mail.gmail.com>

I have been programming python for 4 years, (and programming for 30 years)
and have made your mistake on more than one occasion.

Mick

On Tue, Nov 3, 2009 at 8:20 PM, Bogus Zaba <bogus at bogzab.plus.com> wrote:
> I was right - a rookie mistake. Sorry to take up your time...
>
> Bogus
>
> Michael O'Donnell wrote:
>>
>> HI Bogzab,
>>
>>
>>>
>>> ? ? ? def wait_a_bit():
>>> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? topwin.iconify
>>> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? print "Pressed No"
>>>
>>
>> change the second line for:
>> ? ?topwin.iconify()
>>
>> You need to end a method call with () to indicate it is
>> an invocation. Otherwise, the statement just returns
>> a pointer to the method.
>>
>> Mick
>>
>>
>> On Mon, Nov 2, 2009 at 10:48 PM, bogzab <bogus at bogzab.plus.com> wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> I think I am making a rookie error with this somewhere but cannot figure
>>> out
>>> where.
>>>
>>> If I create a button with these lines of code :
>>>
>>> ? ? ? topwin = Tk()
>>> ? ? ? ...
>>> ? ? ? frame = Frame(topwin)
>>> ? ? ? ...
>>> ? ? ? butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=topwin.iconfiy)
>>>
>>> When the program runs, the button acts as expected and the window is
>>> iconified.
>>>
>>> If however the line which creates the button is :
>>>
>>> ? ? ? butt2 = Button(frame, text="Not yet", command=wait_a_bit)
>>>
>>> where wait_a_bit is a function I define as follows :
>>>
>>> ? ? ? def wait_a_bit():
>>> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? topwin.iconify
>>> ? ? ? ? ? ? ? print "Pressed No"
>>>
>>> then the print statement in this function works, but the topwin.iconify
>>> statement
>>> does not.
>>>
>>> I have tried declaring topwin to be global but this made no difference.
>>>
>>> Can anybody point me to where my error lies in the second approach ? I
>>> want
>>> to
>>> do it as a function because there are other bits of code as well as the
>>> iconify
>>> that I need to incorporate.
>>>
>>> --
>>> View this message in context:
>>> http://old.nabble.com/How-to-make-Button-Command-work-as-a-called-function---tp26157859p26157859.html
>>> Sent from the Python - tkinter-discuss mailing list archive at
>>> Nabble.com.
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Tkinter-discuss mailing list
>>> Tkinter-discuss at python.org
>>> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tkinter-discuss
>>>
>>>
>>
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tkinter-discuss mailing list
> Tkinter-discuss at python.org
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tkinter-discuss
>

From supersimha at gmail.com  Wed Nov  4 13:18:49 2009
From: supersimha at gmail.com (simha)
Date: Wed, 4 Nov 2009 04:18:49 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss]  How to set option
Message-ID: <26195281.post@talk.nabble.com>



-- 
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From supersimha at gmail.com  Wed Nov  4 13:20:44 2009
From: supersimha at gmail.com (simha)
Date: Wed, 4 Nov 2009 04:20:44 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set optionmenu without setting the variable
Message-ID: <26195310.post@talk.nabble.com>


The conventional way goes this
var = Stringvar()
var.set('value') 
But i want to happen without using the variable. Can someone help me out on
this?
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From david.giesen at kodak.com  Wed Nov  4 14:23:39 2009
From: david.giesen at kodak.com (david.giesen at kodak.com)
Date: Wed, 4 Nov 2009 08:23:39 -0500
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set optionmenu without setting the variable
Message-ID: <OFA630F469.F7161C02-ON85257664.004863CE-85257664.0049941E@knotes.kodak.com>

I don't believe there is any way to create an OptionMenu without using a 
Tk variable.

However, if all you want to do is to change the value of an already 
created OptionMenu without using the variable, you can do this:

import Tkinter as Tk
root = Tk.Tk()
var = Tk.StringVar()
om = Tk.OptionMenu(root, var, 'a', 'b', 'c')
om['menu'].invoke(index)

where index is the index of the value you want to select.  In this case, 
index=0 for 'a', 1 for 'b', or 2 for 'c'.

I'm not sure that's really an improvement for you, but it works.

Also note - you can add additional options after creation to the 
OptionMenu through a bit of a backdoor using a private Tk function (so 
this isn't strictly recommended, I guess) using the following syntax:

om['menu'].add_command(label='new_value', command=Tk._setit(var, 
'new_value'))

Dave

> The conventional way goes this
> var = Stringvar()
> var.set('value') 
> But i want to happen without using the variable. Can someone help me out 
on
> this?
David J. Giesen | Research Scientist | FPEG US Display OLED Materials R+D 
| 
Eastman Kodak Company | 2/83/KRL MC02216 | Rochester, NY 14650 | 
david.giesen at kodak.com | 1-585-588-0480 Office | 
www.kodak.com 

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From dkgiesen at frontiernet.net  Wed Nov  4 05:01:53 2009
From: dkgiesen at frontiernet.net (Dave and Kerrie Giesen)
Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2009 23:01:53 -0500
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to export the image drawn by canvas?
Message-ID: <4AF0FCB1.8070603@frontiernet.net>

Back in October, Shengu wrote:
 > Dears,:
 >
 > I use canvas to make animation by continuously displaying objects.
 > Now I want to export what is displayed in canvas to an image 
file(.bmp, jpeg,png,... is OK)
 > Is there such function in tkinter and how can I attain this?
 >
 > Thank you very much!
 >
 > Shengxu

I thought I'd pass along a library that I've cobbled together over time 
that provides functions for copying the contents of any widget - 
including a canvas - to either the clipboard or an image file.  To use 
the library, you will need the Python Imaging Library:
http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/

To use the copy to and from clipboard functions you will need wx.  The 
library is intended to work with Tkinter widgets, but uses some wx 
functionality to make the clipboard functions work properly.  If you 
don't want the clipboard functionality, you can skip the wx download and 
comment out the import wx and PySimpleApp lines.
http://www.wxpython.org/

The library works only on Windows and includes four basic functions:

grab_image: grabs an screencap of either a widget or an area of the 
screen and returns a PIL image object
copy_to_clipboard: grabs a screencap of either a widget or an area and 
copies the image to the clipboard
copy_to_file: grabs a screencap of either a widget or an area and writes 
the image to an image file such as jpeg, gif, etc. - whatever types PIL 
supports
get_bitmap_from_clipboard: grabs a bitmap from the clipboard and returns 
a PIL image object

I'd like to thank Fredrik Lundh for many years ago providing the code 
that does the screen cap of the images.

Hopefully this will be helpful to people -

Dave Giesen

import sys
import tkMessageBox as tkm
import Image             # Only if you need and use the PIL library.
if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
    # Image grab comes from PIL (Python Imaging Library)
    import ImageGrab
    # We use wx to copy to the clipboard on windows machines.  The 
PySimpleApp line initializes wx.  There does not appear to be
    # a conflict between wx started this way and Tk.  Note that if you 
don't want the copy to clipboard or read from clipboard capability,
    # you can just delete the two lines below (and all the associated wx 
routines).
    import wx
    app = wx.PySimpleApp()

def grab_image(widget=None, bbox=None, offset1=2, offset2=2):
    # widget = the Tk widget to copy to the clipboard
    # bbox = the bounding box containing the area to copy to the 
clipboard.  Should be a tuple of 4 integers.
    # either widget or bbox must not be None.  If both are not None, 
widget is used.
    # Note that if widget is used, the screen will be updated.  It can't 
do that if only bbox is used, so that should be done by the caller
    # offset1 & offset2 determine the amount to expand the box beyond 
the widget in order to make sure the whole widget is captured
    #         they are used because some widgets (such as canvases) 
appear to be a bit wonky in whether borders are copied or not
    im = ""
    if widget:
        # The guts of this routine were originally provided by Fredrik Lundh
        widget.update()
        x0 = widget.winfo_rootx()
        y0 = widget.winfo_rooty()
        x1 = x0 + widget.winfo_width()
        y1 = y0 + widget.winfo_height()
        im = ImageGrab.grab((x0-offset1, y0-offset1, x1+offset2, 
y1+offset2))
    elif bbox:
        im = ImageGrab.grab(bbox)
    return im

def copy_to_clipboard(**keyw):
    # Copies an image of a widget or screen area to the clipboard. 
    #
    # Any arguments to this routine are passed directly to grab_image, 
so see that routine for possible useful arguments
    # In particular, either widget or bbox must be supplied by the user
    #
    if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
        im = grab_image(**keyw)
        if im:
            bitmap = pil_to_bitmap(im)
            clipboard_bitmap = wx.BitmapDataObject(bitmap)
            if wx.TheClipboard.Open():
                wx.TheClipboard.SetData(clipboard_bitmap)
                wx.TheClipboard.Close()
    else:
        tkm.showerror('Clipboard Copy Error', 'Clipboard copy not 
implemented on this platform')

def copy_to_file(filename, **keyw):
    # Copies an image of a widget or screen area to a file.  The file 
type can be any that the Python Imaging Library supports, and the
    # file type is determined by the extension of filename.
    #
    # filename = name of file to save the image to.  The file name 
extension is used to determine the image type.
    #
    # Any arguments to this routine are passed directly to grab_image, 
so see that routine for possible useful arguments
    # In particular, either widget= or bbox= must be supplied by the user
    #
    if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
        im = grab_image(**keyw)
        if im:
            im.save(filename)
    else:
        tkm.showerror('Image Grab Error', 'Image grab not implemented on 
this platform')

def get_bitmap_from_clipboard():
    # Returns a PIL image from the clipboard, which should have bitmap 
data in it
    # The PIL image can be used in Tk widgets by converting it using 
ImageTk.PhotoImage(PIL image)
    bm = wx.BitmapDataObject()
    if wx.TheClipboard.GetData(bm):
        wxbmp = bm.GetBitmap()
        try:
            pilimage = bitmap_to_pil(wxbmp)
            return pilimage
        except:
            tkm.showerror('Clipboard Paste Error', 'Clipboard bitmap 
data could not be converted to an image')
            return False
    else:
        tkm.showerror('Clipboard Paste Error', 'Clipboard data is not a 
recognized bitmap format')
        return False

########################################
# Start of routines taken from 
http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/WorkingWithImages
########################################
def bitmap_to_pil(bitmap):
    return wximage_to_pil(bitmap_to_wximage(bitmap))

def bitmap_to_wximage(bitmap):
    return wx.ImageFromBitmap(bitmap)

def pil_to_bitmap(pil):
    return wximage_to_bitmap(pil_to_wximage(pil))

def pil_to_wximage(pil):
    image = wx.EmptyImage(pil.size[0], pil.size[1])
    image.SetData(pil.convert('RGB').tostring())
    return image

#Or, if you want to copy alpha channels too (available from wxPython 2.5)
def piltoimage(pil,alpha=True):
   if alpha:
       image = apply( wx.EmptyImage, pil.size )
       image.SetData( pil.convert( "RGB").tostring() )
       image.SetAlphaData(pil.convert("RGBA").tostring()[3::4])
   else:
       image = wx.EmptyImage(pil.size[0], pil.size[1])
       new_image = pil.convert('RGB')
       data = new_image.tostring()
       image.SetData(data)
   return image

def wximage_to_pil(image):
    pil = Image.new('RGB', (image.GetWidth(), image.GetHeight()))
    pil.fromstring(image.GetData())
    return pil

def wximage_to_bitmap(image):
    return image.ConvertToBitmap()

########################################
# End of routines taken from 
http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/WorkingWithImages
########################################

if __name__ == '__main__':
    def copy_canvas():
        copy_to_clipboard(widget=canvas)
    def copy_canvas_file():
        copy_to_file('testimage.jpg', widget=canvas)
    print 'testing'
    import Tkinter as Tk
    root = Tk.Tk()
    canvas = Tk.Canvas(root, bg='white')
    canvas.pack()
    canvas.create_oval(150, 50, 180, 150, fill='red')
    canvas.create_line(3, 3, 100, 120, fill='blue', width=4)
    button1 = Tk.Button(root, text='copy to clipboard', command=copy_canvas)
    button1.pack(pady=5)
    button2 = Tk.Button(root, text='copy to testimage.jpg', 
command=copy_canvas_file)
    button2.pack()
    root.mainloop()




From klappnase at web.de  Wed Nov  4 20:30:38 2009
From: klappnase at web.de (Michael Lange)
Date: Wed, 4 Nov 2009 20:30:38 +0100
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set optionmenu without setting the
 variable
In-Reply-To: <OFA630F469.F7161C02-ON85257664.004863CE-85257664.0049941E@knotes.kodak.com>
References: <OFA630F469.F7161C02-ON85257664.004863CE-85257664.0049941E@knotes.kodak.com>
Message-ID: <20091104203038.89f437c8.klappnase@web.de>

Hi,

On Wed, 4 Nov 2009 08:23:39 -0500
david.giesen at kodak.com wrote:

> I don't believe there is any way to create an OptionMenu without
> using a Tk variable.

Actually you can:

<code>

from Tkinter import *

root = Tk()
om = OptionMenu(root, None, '1', '2')
om.pack(padx=100, pady=100)

items = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
def callback(item):
    om.configure(text=item)
    print 'selected:', item

om['menu'].delete(0, 'end')
for x in items:
    om['menu'].add_command(label=x, command=lambda item=x: callback(item))
callback('a')

root.mainloop()

</code>

I needed this once, because I was not able to handle unicode filenames
properly using a Tk textvariable, so you see it looks overly
complicated but in some cases may have its use.

I hope this helps

Michael


From david.giesen at kodak.com  Wed Nov  4 20:44:10 2009
From: david.giesen at kodak.com (david.giesen at kodak.com)
Date: Wed, 4 Nov 2009 14:44:10 -0500
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set optionmenu without setting the
	variable
In-Reply-To: <20091104203038.89f437c8.klappnase@web.de>
References: <OFA630F469.F7161C02-ON85257664.004863CE-85257664.0049941E@knotes.kodak.com>
	<20091104203038.89f437c8.klappnase@web.de>
Message-ID: <OFBF5FD1A0.C97ADE0C-ON85257664.006C51C8-85257664.006C6A58@knotes.kodak.com>

Well - now I can say I learned something today!

Your method also demonstrates how to add additional items after creation 
without using the Tkinter private routine _setit, which is also nice.

Dave

David J. Giesen | Research Scientist | FPEG US Display OLED Materials R+D 
| 
Eastman Kodak Company | 2/83/KRL MC02216 | Rochester, NY 14650 | 
david.giesen at kodak.com | 1-585-588-0480 Office | 
www.kodak.com 




From:
Michael Lange <klappnase at web.de>
To:
tkinter-discuss at python.org
Date:
11/04/2009 02:30 PM
Subject:
Re: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set optionmenu without setting the variable
Sent by:
tkinter-discuss-bounces+david.giesen=kodak.com at python.org



Hi,

On Wed, 4 Nov 2009 08:23:39 -0500
david.giesen at kodak.com wrote:

> I don't believe there is any way to create an OptionMenu without
> using a Tk variable.

Actually you can:

<code>

from Tkinter import *

root = Tk()
om = OptionMenu(root, None, '1', '2')
om.pack(padx=100, pady=100)

items = ('a', 'b', 'c', 'd')
def callback(item):
    om.configure(text=item)
    print 'selected:', item

om['menu'].delete(0, 'end')
for x in items:
    om['menu'].add_command(label=x, command=lambda item=x: callback(item))
callback('a')

root.mainloop()

</code>

I needed this once, because I was not able to handle unicode filenames
properly using a Tk textvariable, so you see it looks overly
complicated but in some cases may have its use.

I hope this helps

Michael

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From supersimha at gmail.com  Mon Nov  9 11:01:07 2009
From: supersimha at gmail.com (simha)
Date: Mon, 9 Nov 2009 02:01:07 -0800 (PST)
Subject: [Tkinter-discuss] How to set option menu without setting variable
Message-ID: <26263738.post@talk.nabble.com>


My issue is as follows...
I have a dictionary which I use for display.
I have an object which has 4 optionmenu and 4 text boxes.

this object is displayed when i click on tree node.(display value depends on
dictionary)
If i have 4 tree nodes, object remains same but dictionary changes.
So if at one tree node I set the variable to say 'x' for an optionmenu, then
it is getting projected in other 3 objects.. How do I fix this? It will be
great help. Thanks in advance
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