doesn't have an href attribute, its child has. Try [a.attrs["href"] for a in s.select("div.authorline a")] From juan0christian at gmail.com Thu Sep 18 23:28:44 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 18:28:44 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Problem getting data using beautifulsoup4 + python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Thu, Sep 18, 2014 at 6:10 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: > > The

doesn't have an href attribute, its child has. Try > > [a.attrs["href"] for a in s.select("div.authorline a")] OMG, I completely forgot about the 'a'... http://goo.gl/A8sRLT Thanks! 100% Working. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 04:54:47 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 23:54:47 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Is there any XML lib like the default json lib in terms of usability? Message-ID: Using the default json lib is easy and straightforward: import json info = json.loads('file.json') # Use dict and list to navigate through 'info' Sadly, I'm working in a script and the only format the server gives is XML, I searched for a good alternative and didn't find anything as easy as the default json lib. Any tips? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From artp824 at gmail.com Thu Sep 18 01:36:17 2014 From: artp824 at gmail.com (Art Pelletier) Date: Wed, 17 Sep 2014 16:36:17 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Help Message-ID: I am a beginner with pythons programming I would like to see if their is a site that has samples programs that I can practice on. Sent from my iPad From sebastian at fuentelibre.org Thu Sep 18 18:36:31 2014 From: sebastian at fuentelibre.org (Sebastian Silva) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 11:36:31 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] GUI development with Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: <1411058191.3993.0@smtp.gmail.com> El jue, 18 de sep 2014 a las 8:07 AM, Juan Christian escribi?: > On Wed, Sep 17, 2014 at 2:01 PM, Juan Christian > wrote: >> I need to develop a GUI for my Python pogram, I already read the >> GuiProgramming page (https://wiki.python.org/moin/GuiProgramming). >> For me, the best so far was 'gui2py'. >> >> The problem is that I need a simple "C#/Java-ish" GUI builder, that >> is easy and simple, coding all the GUI by hand is boring, I prefer >> to focus on the logic, on the actual program code, than coding the >> GUI. >> >> Anyone here already used 'gui2py' >> (https://github.com/reingart/gui2py)? Any other good alternatives? > > Anyone? I personally like GTK quite a lot. You can use a GUI designer like Gazpacho or Glade to create basic XML UIs, but it's good to get familiar with the APIs of your toolkit of choice. Regards, Sebastian -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From l.wang at ntu.edu.sg Fri Sep 19 04:41:31 2014 From: l.wang at ntu.edu.sg (Wang Lei (ERIAN)) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 02:41:31 +0000 Subject: [Tutor] Python Assignment Expression and Callable Expression Message-ID: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> Hi, everyone: I really believe that python is a great language but assignment and callable are not flexible: I wish that I can do this: class matrixArray(list): bla bla bla def __call__(self, rid, cid): return self.head[rid][cid] Once I call mat(1,1), I can get a result. but I want it more a value not a reference. Considering "mat(1,1) = 5" expression, I wish the parser can dynamically map "mat(1,1)" to reference of value of that "or anonymous reference" or reference defined in class. I don't want to modify the lexical parsing in C++ but failed after trying different method in pythonic ways: decorator: fun -> object mapping, because it just substitute function name with new function and cannot read "self" object. I wish python developers could think of an idea to update the lexical parsing method or simply provide us a tool to modify it in python context. Regards, Lei Wang ________________________________ CONFIDENTIALITY:This email is intended solely for the person(s) named and may be confidential and/or privileged.If you are not the intended recipient,please delete it,notify us and do not copy,use,or disclose its contents. Towards a sustainable earth:Print only when necessary.Thank you. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From illusiontechniques at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 07:03:04 2014 From: illusiontechniques at gmail.com (C Smith) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 22:03:04 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Help In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Check this guy's youtube channel. He has very basic examples. His username is thenewboston On Wed, Sep 17, 2014 at 4:36 PM, Art Pelletier wrote: > > I am a beginner with pythons programming I would like to see if their is a site that has samples programs that I can practice on. > Sent from my iPad > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From cs at zip.com.au Fri Sep 19 07:04:11 2014 From: cs at zip.com.au (Cameron Simpson) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 15:04:11 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] Python Assignment Expression and Callable Expression In-Reply-To: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> References: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> Message-ID: <20140919050411.GA49042@cskk.homeip.net> On 19Sep2014 02:41, Wang Lei (ERIAN) wrote: >I really believe that python is a great language but assignment and callable are not flexible: Some flexibilities are too much. But there are ways to do what you ask... >I wish that I can do this: > > class matrixArray(list): > bla bla bla > def __call__(self, rid, cid): > return self.head[rid][cid] > >Once I call mat(1,1), I can get a result. but I want it more a value not a reference. You're going to need to be less vague. If the result is, for example, an int, in what fashion is it a value instead of an int as far as you are concerned? Please describe this issue more fully. >Considering "mat(1,1) = 5" expression, I wish the parser can dynamically map "mat(1,1)" to reference of value of that "or anonymous reference" or reference defined in class. I don't want to modify the lexical parsing in C++ but failed after trying different method in pythonic ways: Define the __setitem__ method on your matrixArray class. Then you can write: mat[1,1] = 5 which is arguably more natural anyway. Assignment and calling are two very different things, and in python they are written differently. That is a good thing. >decorator: fun -> object mapping, because it just substitute function name with new function and cannot read "self" object. I must be missing your point here, too. It does just substitute a new function, but that new function can (and generally must) access "self" to do its work. I think you are forgetting that the @decorator action occurs at the time the class is defined, not at the time the function is called. Cheers, Cameron Simpson More computing sins have been committed in the name of performance, without necessariliy achieving it, than for all other reasons combined. - Wulf From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 07:34:27 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 22:34:27 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Help In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Wed, Sep 17, 2014 at 4:36 PM, Art Pelletier wrote: > > I am a beginner with pythons programming I would like to see if their is a site that has samples programs that I can practice on. Hi Art, Yes, there are some good resources you can check out. Here's a link to some of them: https://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers Personally, I like How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english2e/ but any of the tutorials in the beginner's guide should be helpful. Feel free to ask questions here on this mailing list too. From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 07:37:48 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Thu, 18 Sep 2014 22:37:48 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Python Assignment Expression and Callable Expression In-Reply-To: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> References: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> Message-ID: > I wish python developers could think of an idea to update the lexical > parsing method or simply provide us a tool to modify it in python context. Hi Lei, This is unfortunately out of scope for Python-tutor. We don't have direct influence over the future direction of the language. If you want to contact the developers and the larger community, you may want to check the official general-purpose mailing list: https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list (Be aware that python-list is high-traffic.) From steve at pearwood.info Fri Sep 19 08:39:25 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 16:39:25 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] Python Assignment Expression and Callable Expression In-Reply-To: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> References: <5C015601FAEC7448B00A7FC799389361CEBD7B@EXCHMBOX33.staff.main.ntu.edu.sg> Message-ID: <20140919063925.GX9293@ando.pearwood.info> On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 02:41:31AM +0000, Wang Lei (ERIAN) wrote: > Hi, everyone: > > I really believe that python is a great language but assignment and callable are not flexible: > > I wish that I can do this: > > class matrixArray(list): > bla bla bla > def __call__(self, rid, cid): > return self.head[rid][cid] You can. __call__ is used for making objects a callable, function-like object. C++ calls them "functors". (Not the same thing as what Haskell calls functors!) > Once I call mat(1,1), I can get a result. but I want it more a value not a reference. You want to change the entire execution model of Python? Why? Like most modern languages, such as Ruby, Java (mostly), and Javascript, Python values are references, not unboxed low-level primitive values. > Considering "mat(1,1) = 5" expression, I wish the parser can > dynamically map "mat(1,1)" to reference of value of that "or anonymous > reference" or reference defined in class. I'm afraid I don't understand what you are trying to say, but if you want to assign to individual items in a matrix, use indexing, not function call: mat[1, 1] = 5 will work perfectly once you add a __setitem__ method to your matrix class. > I don't want to modify the > lexical parsing in C++ but failed after trying different method in > pythonic ways: What does C++ have to do with this? > decorator: fun -> object mapping, because it just substitute function > name with new function and cannot read "self" object. > > I wish python developers could think of an idea to update the lexical > parsing method or simply provide us a tool to modify it in python > context. I think that their answer will be: "We will not complicate the language, making our job enormously harder, and Python much harder to learn and use, just because a beginner to Python who doesn't understand what the language can do or how to use it, wants to program in C++ instead of Python. If you want to program in C++, use C++. If you want to program in Python, learn Python." What do you expect to do with: mat(1, 1) = 5 that cannot be done with this instead? mat[1, 1] = 5 -- Steven From sunil.techspk at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 08:53:51 2014 From: sunil.techspk at gmail.com (Sunil Tech) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 12:23:51 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict Message-ID: Hi all, tes = [{'a': 1, 'b': 'this', 'c': 221}, {'a': 2, 'b': 'this', 'c': 215}, {'a': 1, 'b': 'is', 'c': 875}, {'a': 1, 'b': 'sentence', 'c': 874}, {'a': 2, 'b': 'another', 'c': 754}, {'a': 2, 'b': 'word', 'c': 745}] The above one is the result form the DB. I am trying to convert it to something like result_tes = [{'a': 1, 'b': 'this, is, sentence', 'c': '221, 875, 874'}, {'a': 2, 'b': 'this, another, word', 'c': '215, 754, 744'}] if the value of the 'a' is same, then all those other values of the dict should be merged/clubbed. I tried, but it became complex and complex. please can any one help me to get the result. Thanks, Sunil. G -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 09:28:44 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 00:28:44 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: > {'a': 2, 'b': 'another', 'c': 754}, > {'a': 2, 'b': 'word', 'c': 745} > > if the value of the 'a' is same, then all those other values of the dict should be merged/clubbed. Can you write a function that takes two of these and merges them? Assume that they have the same 'a'. Can you write such a function? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From sunil.techspk at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 09:42:00 2014 From: sunil.techspk at gmail.com (Sunil Tech) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 13:12:00 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Danny, i wrote a method called *merge *below can you be little clear with an example I wrote something like this ?? ids = [] for i in tes: if i['a'] not in ids: ids.append(i['a']) print ids def merge(ids, tes): for jj in ids: txt = '' for i in tes: if i['a'] == jj: txt = txt + ', ' + i['b'] i['b'] = txt return tes pprint.pprint(merge(ids, tes)) result is like [1, 2] [{'a': 1, 'b': ', this', 'c': 221}, {'a': 2, 'b': ', this', 'c': 215}, {'a': 1, 'b': ', this, is', 'c': 875}, {'a': 1, 'b': ', this, is, sentence', 'c': 874}, {'a': 2, 'b': ', this, another', 'c': 754}, {'a': 2, 'b': ', this, another, word', 'c': 745}] from this result need to take off the other dict so that it'll match the result_tes = [{'a': 1, 'b': 'this, is, sentence', 'c': '221, 875, 874'}, {'a': 2, 'b': 'this, another, word', 'c': '215, 754, 744'}] On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 12:58 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: > > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'another', 'c': 754}, > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'word', 'c': 745} > > > > > if the value of the 'a' is same, then all those other values of the dict > should be merged/clubbed. > > Can you write a function that takes two of these and merges them? Assume > that they have the same 'a'. Can you write such a function? > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 09:45:45 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 09:45:45 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Is there any XML lib like the default json lib in terms of usability? References: Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > Using the default json lib is easy and straightforward: > > import json > info = json.loads('file.json') > # Use dict and list to navigate through 'info' > > > Sadly, I'm working in a script and the only format the server gives is > XML, I searched for a good alternative and didn't find anything as easy as > the default json lib. > > Any tips? I have never used it, but lxml.objectify seems pretty intuitive: >>> from lxml import objectify >>> a = objectify.fromstring("

1020") >>> a.b 10 >>> a = objectify.fromstring("102030") >>> a.b 10 >>> a.b**2 100 >>> a.b.get("foo") 'bar' >>> a.c 20 >>> a.c[1] 30 >>> len(a.c) 2 See From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 09:52:21 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 00:52:21 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Sep 19, 2014 12:28 AM, "Danny Yoo" wrote: > > > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'another', 'c': 754}, > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'word', 'c': 745} > > > > > if the value of the 'a' is same, then all those other values of the dict should be merged/clubbed. > > Can you write a function that takes two of these and merges them? Assume that they have the same 'a'. Can you write such a function? Specifically, can you write a function merge_two() such that: merge_two({''b': 'another', 'c': 754}, {'b': 'word', 'c': 745}) returns the merged dictionary: {'b' : ['another', 'word'], 'c':[754, 745]} I'm trying to break the problem into simpler, testable pieces that you can solve. The problem as described is large enough that I would not dare trying to solve it all at once. If you have merge_two(), them you are much closer to a solution to the whole problem. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From sunil.techspk at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 13:41:22 2014 From: sunil.techspk at gmail.com (Sunil Tech) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 17:11:22 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Danny i did it like this result_dict = {} for i in tes: if i['a'] in result_dict: temp = result_dict[i['a']] temp['b'].append(i['b']) temp['c'].append(i['c']) temp['a'] = i['a'] result_dict[i['a']] = temp else: result_dict[i['a']] = { 'b': [i['b']], 'c': [i['c']], 'a': i['a']} pprint.pprint(result_dict.values()) result is [{'a': 1, 'b': ['this', 'is', 'sentence'], 'c': [221, 875, 874]}, {'a': 2, 'b': ['this', 'another', 'word'], 'c': [215, 754, 745]}] any can one improve this method in terms of performance, etc.. Thanks every one. On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 1:22 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: > > On Sep 19, 2014 12:28 AM, "Danny Yoo" wrote: > > > > > > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'another', 'c': 754}, > > > {'a': 2, 'b': 'word', 'c': 745} > > > > > > > > if the value of the 'a' is same, then all those other values of the > dict should be merged/clubbed. > > > > Can you write a function that takes two of these and merges them? > Assume that they have the same 'a'. Can you write such a function? > > Specifically, can you write a function merge_two() such that: > > merge_two({''b': 'another', 'c': 754}, {'b': 'word', 'c': 745}) > > returns the merged dictionary: > > {'b' : ['another', 'word'], 'c':[754, 745]} > > I'm trying to break the problem into simpler, testable pieces that you can > solve. The problem as described is large enough that I would not dare > trying to solve it all at once. If you have merge_two(), them you are much > closer to a solution to the whole problem. > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 14:29:47 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 14:29:47 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict References:

Message-ID: Sunil Tech wrote: > Danny i did it like this > > result_dict = {} > for i in tes: > if i['a'] in result_dict: > temp = result_dict[i['a']] > temp['b'].append(i['b']) > temp['c'].append(i['c']) > temp['a'] = i['a'] > result_dict[i['a']] = temp > else: > result_dict[i['a']] = { > 'b': [i['b']], > 'c': [i['c']], > 'a': i['a']} > pprint.pprint(result_dict.values()) > > result is > > [{'a': 1, 'b': ['this', 'is', 'sentence'], 'c': [221, 875, 874]}, > {'a': 2, 'b': ['this', 'another', 'word'], 'c': [215, 754, 745]}] > > any can one improve this method in terms of performance, etc.. What you have is a good solution; the most important part performance-wise is that you collect records with the same `a` value in a dict. For reference here's my two-pass solution to the problem as originally specified: bc = collections.defaultdict(lambda: ([], [])) for rec in tes: b, c = bc[rec["a"]] b.append(rec["b"]) c.append(rec["c"]) result = [{"a": a, "b": ", ".join(b), "c": ", ".join(map(str, c))} for a, (b, c) in bc.items()] If you are flexible with the result data structure you could omit the second loop and use bc.items() directly. From sunil.techspk at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 15:14:18 2014 From: sunil.techspk at gmail.com (Sunil Tech) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 18:44:18 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Question on List of Dict In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Thank you Peter Otten, actually i should study about the collections and defaultdict like how and where these can be used and its advantage. On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 5:59 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: > Sunil Tech wrote: > > > Danny i did it like this > > > > result_dict = {} > > for i in tes: > > if i['a'] in result_dict: > > temp = result_dict[i['a']] > > temp['b'].append(i['b']) > > temp['c'].append(i['c']) > > temp['a'] = i['a'] > > result_dict[i['a']] = temp > > else: > > result_dict[i['a']] = { > > 'b': [i['b']], > > 'c': [i['c']], > > 'a': i['a']} > > pprint.pprint(result_dict.values()) > > > > result is > > > > [{'a': 1, 'b': ['this', 'is', 'sentence'], 'c': [221, 875, 874]}, > > {'a': 2, 'b': ['this', 'another', 'word'], 'c': [215, 754, 745]}] > > > > any can one improve this method in terms of performance, etc.. > > What you have is a good solution; the most important part performance-wise > is that you collect records with the same `a` value in a dict. > > For reference here's my two-pass solution to the problem as originally > specified: > > bc = collections.defaultdict(lambda: ([], [])) > > for rec in tes: > b, c = bc[rec["a"]] > b.append(rec["b"]) > c.append(rec["c"]) > > result = [{"a": a, > "b": ", ".join(b), > "c": ", ".join(map(str, c))} > for a, (b, c) in bc.items()] > > If you are flexible with the result data structure you could omit the > second > loop and use bc.items() directly. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 19:30:46 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 14:30:46 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 Message-ID: This part of my code isn't working: def check_backpacktf(steamID64): with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} with response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] as api: status['backpack_value'] = api['backpack_value'][GAME_ID] status['steamrep_scammer'] = bool(api['steamrep_scammer']) return status ----- Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 98, in main(sys.argv[1]) File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 93, in main fetch_forum() File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 79, in fetch_forum fetch_user(user_url) File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 42, in fetch_user backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 25, in check_backpacktf with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: AttributeError: __exit__ I'm trying to use the 'with statement' to reduce the SLOC and make the code prettier. Using 'try-expect-finally' wouldn't be good, as I have more 3 or 4 functions like this one that call different sites. What's the problem? Can't I use requests that way? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From joel.goldstick at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 19:47:27 2014 From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 13:47:27 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 1:30 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > This part of my code isn't working: > > def check_backpacktf(steamID64): > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: I'm not sure why my reply mangled your indents, but can you check to see that your "".join() is getting what you think it should? > status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': > 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} > > with response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] as api: > status['backpack_value'] = api['backpack_value'][GAME_ID] > status['steamrep_scammer'] = bool(api['steamrep_scammer']) > > return status > > ----- > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 98, in > main(sys.argv[1]) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 93, in main > fetch_forum() > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 79, in fetch_forum > fetch_user(user_url) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 42, in fetch_user > backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 25, in check_backpacktf > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > AttributeError: __exit__ > > > I'm trying to use the 'with statement' to reduce the SLOC and make the code > prettier. Using 'try-expect-finally' wouldn't be good, as I have more 3 or 4 > functions like this one that call different sites. What's the problem? Can't > I use requests that way? > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Joel Goldstick http://joelgoldstick.com From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 19:50:33 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 10:50:33 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 98, in > main(sys.argv[1]) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 93, in main > fetch_forum() > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 79, in fetch_forum > fetch_user(user_url) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 42, in fetch_user > backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 25, in check_backpacktf > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > AttributeError: __exit__ > > > I'm trying to use the 'with statement' to reduce the SLOC and make the code > prettier. Using 'try-expect-finally' wouldn't be good, as I have more 3 or 4 > functions like this one that call different sites. What's the problem? Can't > I use requests that way? I'm not exactly sure. Let's check the documentation on the 'with' statement to double check what it expects. https://docs.python.org/2/reference/compound_stmts.html#the-with-statement Reading... ok, so 'with' uses the term "context manager". From reading this, I think 'with' only works with things that support the context manager interface. Does the return value from requests.get() support context management? Reading... http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/api/#requests.Response ... I don't think so. It does have a 'close()' method, but the with statement expects an object with both '__enter__' and '__exit__' methods. So Python's "with" appears to require a bit more out the thing being managed than the similar try-with-resources in Java. (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/tryResourceClose.html) From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 20:00:55 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 15:00:55 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 2:50 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: > > So Python's "with" appears to require a bit more out the thing being > managed than the similar try-with-resources in Java. > ( > http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/tryResourceClose.html > ) > Is there anything similar in Python? Putting tons of 'try-expect' in the code would be a bit ugly. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From joel.goldstick at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 20:08:06 2014 From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 14:08:06 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 2:00 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 2:50 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: >> >> So Python's "with" appears to require a bit more out the thing being >> managed than the similar try-with-resources in Java. >> >> (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/essential/exceptions/tryResourceClose.html) > > > > Is there anything similar in Python? Putting tons of 'try-expect' in the > code would be a bit ugly. You might want to look at decorators. I think that might help you > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Joel Goldstick http://joelgoldstick.com From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 20:15:27 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 20:15:27 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 References: Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > This part of my code isn't working: > > def check_backpacktf(steamID64): > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': > 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} > > with response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] as api: > status['backpack_value'] = api['backpack_value'][GAME_ID] > status['steamrep_scammer'] = bool(api['steamrep_scammer']) > > return status > > ----- > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 98, in > main(sys.argv[1]) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 93, in main > fetch_forum() > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 79, in fetch_forum > fetch_user(user_url) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 42, in fetch_user > backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) > File "C:\[...]\shark.py", line 25, in check_backpacktf > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > AttributeError: __exit__ > > > I'm trying to use the 'with statement' to reduce the SLOC and make the > code prettier. Using 'try-expect-finally' wouldn't be good, as I have more > 3 or 4 functions like this one that call different sites. What's the > problem? Can't I use requests that way? Let's take a step back: if you were to write > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': > 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} using try-except-finally -- what would it look like? From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 20:21:13 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 11:21:13 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: I should have added that you can write your own context manager for requests; it shouldn't be too bad. I'd expect the helper code to be something like: ######################################### class AutoClosable(object): def __init__(self, closable): self.closable = closable def __enter__(self): return self.closable def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): self.closable.close() ## reraise exception if one occurred: return False ## Example usage: class Foo(object): def __init__(self, name): self.name = name def close(self): print("closing %s" % self.name) self.closed = True with AutoClosable(Foo('case 1')) as x: pass with AutoClosable(Foo('case 2')) as x: raise ValueError, "oops" ######################################### From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 20:30:29 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 20:30:29 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 References:

Message-ID: Danny Yoo wrote: > I should have added that you can write your own context manager for > requests; it shouldn't be too bad. I'd expect the helper code to be > something like: > class AutoClosable(object): > def __init__(self, closable): > self.closable = closable > > def __enter__(self): > return self.closable > > def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): > self.closable.close() > ## reraise exception if one occurred: > return False There is also From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 20:30:25 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 15:30:25 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 3:15 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: > > Let's take a step back: if you were to write > > > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: > > status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': > > 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} > > using try-except-finally -- what would it look like? Well, this site API is ridiculous, they use JSON but let's get an example: When an user is banned this ' "backpack_tf_banned": null ' is added in the JSON, they better way would be that this entry was there all the time, and set true or false for it. Same goes for ' "steamrep_scammer": true ', it's only there when the user is indeed a scammer, but now the value is true and not null as in the other entry. That's why I need the try-expect, and I need it here: with response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] as api: status['backpack_value'] = api['backpack_value'][GAME_ID] status['steamrep_scammer'] = bool(api['steamrep_scammer']) return status The part of the code you posted the try-expect is needed because I don't know if they have all Steam users in their DB, so the request.get() could broke. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From dyoo at hashcollision.org Fri Sep 19 20:41:30 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 11:41:30 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: >> class AutoClosable(object): [cut] > There is also > > Ah, much better! Thanks Peter. From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 20:53:05 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 20:53:05 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 References:

Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 3:15 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: >> >> Let's take a step back: if you were to write >> >> > with requests.get(''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64])) as response: >> > status = {'profile': ''.join([BACKPACKTF, steamID64]),'backpack_value': >> > 'Private or invalid', 'steamrep_scammer': False} >> >> using try-except-finally -- what would it look like? > > > Well, this site API is ridiculous, they use JSON but let's get an example: > > When an user is banned this ' "backpack_tf_banned": null ' is added in the > JSON, they better way would be that this entry was there all the time, and > set true or false for it. Same goes for ' "steamrep_scammer": true ', it's > only there when the user is indeed a scammer, but now the value is true > and not null as in the other entry. > > That's why I need the try-expect, and I need it here: > > with response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] as api: > status['backpack_value'] = api['backpack_value'][GAME_ID] > status['steamrep_scammer'] = bool(api['steamrep_scammer']) > > return status > > The part of the code you posted the try-expect is needed because I don't > know if they have all Steam users in their DB, so the request.get() could > broke. If I understand you correctly you can test for the presence of a value. Example: api = response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] status["steamrep_scammer"] = "steamrep_scammer" in api From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 20:54:15 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 15:54:15 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: This is the code using the contextlib (more than 105 lines): http://pastebin.com/jVhz7Ta6 But I'm getting another (super confusing) error now: [#] [Tf2 inventory [W]CS GO Skins Author: Pnoy Paragon << UNTIL HERE, OK! Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 105, in main(sys.argv[1]) File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 100, in main fetch_forum() File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 86, in fetch_forum fetch_user(user_url) File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 52, in fetch_user backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 38, in check_backpacktf with closing(response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64]) as api: File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\site-packages\requests-2.3.0-py3.4.egg\requests\models.py", line 763, in j son return json.loads(self.text, **kwargs) File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\__init__.py", line 318, in loads return _default_decoder.decode(s) File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\decoder.py", line 343, in decode obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end()) File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\decoder.py", line 361, in raw_decode raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting value", s, err.value)) from None ValueError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0) And SublimeText tells me 'Redefiniton of unused 'closing' from line 1' in @contextmanager. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 20:56:22 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 15:56:22 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 3:53 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: > > If I understand you correctly you can test for the presence of a value. > Example: > > api = response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64] > status["steamrep_scammer"] = "steamrep_scammer" in api Thanks, this way I can only have problems calling the 'requests.get()', right (In the case the URL doesn't exists)? This would be only one try-expect in each function, this way is good for me. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 21:30:25 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 21:30:25 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 References:

Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > This is the code using the contextlib (more than 105 lines): > http://pastebin.com/jVhz7Ta6 > > But I'm getting another (super confusing) error now: > > [#] [Tf2 inventory [W]CS GO Skins > Author: Pnoy Paragon << UNTIL HERE, OK! > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 105, in > main(sys.argv[1]) > File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 100, in main > fetch_forum() > File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 86, in > fetch_forum > fetch_user(user_url) > File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 52, in fetch_user > backpacktf = check_backpacktf(steamID64) > File "C:\Users\Juan Christian\Desktop\trader.py", line 38, in > check_backpacktf > with closing(response.json()['response']['players'][steamID64]) as > api: > File > "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\site-packages\requests-2.3.0- py3.4.egg\requests\models.py", > line 763, in j > son > return json.loads(self.text, **kwargs) > File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\__init__.py", line 318, > in loads > return _default_decoder.decode(s) > File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\decoder.py", line 343, > in decode > obj, end = self.raw_decode(s, idx=_w(s, 0).end()) > File "C:\Development\Languages\Python34\lib\json\decoder.py", line 361, > in raw_decode > raise ValueError(errmsg("Expecting value", s, err.value)) from None > ValueError: Expecting value: line 1 column 1 (char 0) > > > And SublimeText tells me 'Redefiniton of unused 'closing' from line 1' > in @contextmanager. Well, you import closing from the stdlib with from contextlib import closing and then proceed to write your own closing @contextmanager def closing(thing): try: yield thing finally: thing.close() At the moment my advice would be: forget about closing and the with- statement. They are great to solve a problem you don't have (here). From juan0christian at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 22:00:25 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 17:00:25 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 4:30 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: > > Well, you import closing from the stdlib with > > from contextlib import closing > > and then proceed to write your own closing > > @contextmanager > def closing(thing): > try: > yield thing > finally: > thing.close() > > At the moment my advice would be: forget about closing and the with- > statement. They are great to solve a problem you don't have (here). So, just do as you said in the post above, 'status["steamrep_scammer"] = "steamrep_scammer" in api' and use a single try-expect in the outer requests.get() ? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 19 22:32:41 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 22:32:41 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Using 'requests' + 'with statement' in Python 3.4.1 References:

Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 4:30 PM, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote: >> >> Well, you import closing from the stdlib with >> >> from contextlib import closing >> >> and then proceed to write your own closing >> >> @contextmanager >> def closing(thing): >> try: >> yield thing >> finally: >> thing.close() >> >> At the moment my advice would be: forget about closing and the with- >> statement. They are great to solve a problem you don't have (here). > > > So, just do as you said in the post above, 'status["steamrep_scammer"] = > "steamrep_scammer" in api' and use a single try-expect in the outer > requests.get() ? That would be a reasonable approach. Note that if there are multiple possible exceptions that you want to handle with the same reaction you can use a single try...except. Example: def check_backpacktf(steamID64): try: data = download_data() status = extract_status from_data(data) except (DownloadFailed, MissingData): status = default_status() return status Also to keep in mind for the occasion when you are going to reinvestigate `with`: with open("not-there") as f: data = f.read() This will throw an exception, and `with` offers no way to intercept with that as __enter__() has not been called yet. From juan0christian at gmail.com Sat Sep 20 01:00:49 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 20:00:49 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" Message-ID: Let's say I have ' 1411167038 ' string that I got from an API and I need to convert it to something like ' Fri, 19 Sep 2014 22:50:38 GMT ' or maybe even the localtime of the PC. I'm trying this way: my_date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(api['backpack_update'][GAME_ID]).strftime("%D %H:%M") The key ' api['backpack_update'][GAME_ID] ' returns exactly what's expected, the timestamp in string format. But now I need to convert this to a "full date and time" so that I can print in the terminal/cmd like ' print(my_date) '. I already read the https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html and I think that the func 'strptime' may resolve my problem, already tried with this one, but didn't work. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sat Sep 20 01:09:50 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 16:09:50 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 4:00 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > Let's say I have ' 1411167038 ' string that I got from an API and I need to > convert it to something like ' Fri, 19 Sep 2014 22:50:38 GMT ' or maybe even > the localtime of the PC. What does that number mean though? Let me guess: is it the number of seconds since the Epoch? >>> t = 1411167038 >>> import datetime >>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(t) datetime.datetime(2014, 9, 19, 15, 50, 38) ... I think that's what that number means. It may be the number of seconds since the Epoch. References: https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp https://docs.python.org/2/library/time.html#time.time From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sat Sep 20 01:22:24 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 16:22:24 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Huh. I should have read your message more closely. Sorry; it's been one of those days for me, it seems... Anyway, can you use ctime()? It looks like that might be almost right: >>> t = 1411167038 >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).ctime() 'Fri Sep 19 22:50:38 2014' though if you really do want more control over what's being printed, yes, strftime() is what's you're looking for, I think: >>> t = 1411167038 >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S") 'Fri, 19 Sep 2014 22:50:38' https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior From juan0christian at gmail.com Sat Sep 20 01:46:57 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 20:46:57 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 8:22 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: > Huh. I should have read your message more closely. Sorry; it's been > one of those days for me, it seems... > > Anyway, can you use ctime()? It looks like that might be almost right: > > >>> t = 1411167038 > >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).ctime() > 'Fri Sep 19 22:50:38 2014' > The thing is that I get the timestamp as string and I need to print it using something like this: print("Random text here: {}".format(my_date)) Real example: API returns -> http://backpack.tf/api/IGetUsers/v3/?steamids=76561198052911020 I get 'backpack_update' > '440' correctly, no problems and, opsss, my bad, the timestamp is int, not string. I did some debug and I was wrong. 1411044719 So, what I need is to get this 1411044719 (int) and convert to something like this 'Fri Sep 19 22:50:38 2014' and print it using format() The line I'll print is like that: print('\t\tBACKPACK VALUE: {} ( {} )'.format(status['backpack_value'], status['backpack_update'])) status['backpack_value'] is 100% OK status['backpack_update'] is the guy... > though if you really do want more control over what's being printed, > yes, strftime() is what's you're looking for, I think: > > >>> t = 1411167038 > >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).strftime("%a, %d %b %Y > %H:%M:%S") > 'Fri, 19 Sep 2014 22:50:38' > > https://docs.python.org/2/library/datetime.html#strftime-strptime-behavior > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Sat Sep 20 02:24:45 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 21:24:45 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: So.. It seems all my problem was in the .strftime("%D %H:%M") I don't exactly know why, but I removed and it's working. It's not giving me the localtime, but I'll search how to do that. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Sat Sep 20 02:29:51 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 21:29:51 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 9:24 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > So.. It seems all my problem was in the .strftime("%D %H:%M") > > I don't exactly know why, but I removed and it's working. It's not giving > me the localtime, but I'll search how to do that. > Ops, my bad again, it's indeed in the localtime, but sadly it seems that when I call the API, it doesn't update first then give me up-to-date values, it gives me "old" values, or maybe the backpack of the person didn't changed until that time, well I'll leave this this way, later I can check if the values are truly "old" or not. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From cs at zip.com.au Sat Sep 20 03:50:13 2014 From: cs at zip.com.au (Cameron Simpson) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 11:50:13 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <20140920015013.GA93134@cskk.homeip.net> On 19Sep2014 20:46, Juan Christian wrote: >On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 8:22 PM, Danny Yoo??wrote: > Anyway, can you use ctime()?? It looks like that might be almost right: > ? ? >>> t = 1411167038 > ? ? >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).ctime() > ? ? 'Fri Sep 19 22:50:38 2014' > >The thing is that I get the timestamp as string and I need to print it using >something like this: print("Random text here: {}".format(my_date)) # here's your timestamp as a string, however obtained t = # just an int, convert it to an int seconds_since_epoch = int(t) # get a from the timestamp dt = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t) # write the out in desired format as a string my_date = dt.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S") # use the formatted string print("Random text here: {}".format(my_date)) Seriously, keep that steps all broken out separately like the above. Easier to read, easier to debug, easier to move relevant parts off into utility functions later when you need to do this from several places in your code. Cheers, Cameron Simpson If this experiment we're doing works, then I will follow up and push it as hard as possible. And if it doesn't work, I will write a science-fiction novel where it does work. It's a win-win situation. - John Cramer on his experiment for possible cuasality violation From juan0christian at gmail.com Sat Sep 20 04:35:42 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 23:35:42 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Converting timestamp read as str to "full date and time" In-Reply-To: <20140920015013.GA93134@cskk.homeip.net> References: <20140920015013.GA93134@cskk.homeip.net> Message-ID: On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 10:50 PM, Cameron Simpson wrote: > On 19Sep2014 20:46, Juan Christian wrote: > >> On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 8:22 PM, Danny Yoo >> wrote: >> Anyway, can you use ctime()? It looks like that might be almost right: >> >>> t = 1411167038 >> >>> datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t).ctime() >> 'Fri Sep 19 22:50:38 2014' >> >> The thing is that I get the timestamp as string and I need to print it >> using >> something like this: print("Random text here: {}".format(my_date)) >> > > # here's your timestamp as a string, however obtained > t = > > # just an int, convert it to an int > seconds_since_epoch = int(t) > > # get a from the timestamp > dt = datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t) > > # write the out in desired format as a string > my_date = dt.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S") > > # use the formatted string > print("Random text here: {}".format(my_date)) > > Seriously, keep that steps all broken out separately like the above. > Easier to read, easier to debug, easier to move relevant parts off into > utility functions later when you need to do this from several places in > your code. > > Cheers, > Cameron Simpson You should read the last posts before posting. (: The problem was already solved, and as I said, it was already an int, not a str as I wrongly said on the title! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From diliupg at gmail.com Fri Sep 19 09:13:41 2014 From: diliupg at gmail.com (diliup gabadamudalige) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 12:43:41 +0530 Subject: [Tutor] Help In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: http://cscircles.cemc.uwaterloo.ca/run-at-home/ On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 11:04 AM, Danny Yoo wrote: > On Wed, Sep 17, 2014 at 4:36 PM, Art Pelletier wrote: > > > > I am a beginner with pythons programming I would like to see if their > is a site that has samples programs that I can practice on. > > Hi Art, > > > Yes, there are some good resources you can check out. Here's a link > to some of them: > > https://wiki.python.org/moin/BeginnersGuide/NonProgrammers > > Personally, I like How to Think Like a Computer Scientist: > > http://openbookproject.net/thinkcs/python/english2e/ > > but any of the tutorials in the beginner's guide should be helpful. > > > > Feel free to ask questions here on this mailing list too. > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Diliup Gabadamudalige http://www.diliupg.com http://soft.diliupg.com/ ********************************************************************************************** This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If you are not the intended recipient or have received it in error, please delete it and all copies from your system and notify the sender immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading, reproducing, printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or its contents is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet communications cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or virus-free. The sender does not accept liability for any errors or omissions. ********************************************************************************************** -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From madecunningly at outlook.com Fri Sep 19 23:25:50 2014 From: madecunningly at outlook.com (Kate Reeher) Date: Fri, 19 Sep 2014 16:25:50 -0500 Subject: [Tutor] making a list of a custom object Message-ID: I have a custom class called Game, and it has a variable called "goals". I'd like to make this a list of custom objects, with various information about the goals. class Game: goals = {} class Goal(object): def __init__(self,time,goal_by,assist_by,team,is_powerplay ): self.time=time self.goal_by=goal_by self.assist_by=assist_by self.team=team self.is_powerplay=is_powerplay Is that Goal class set up correctly? For an instance of Game called game, is this how you'd set a variable of a goal?game.goals[i].time= time I'm finding how python does data classes INCREDIBLY confusing, for whatever reason, so any help would be appreciated. Thanks,Kate -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From davea at davea.name Sat Sep 20 14:33:46 2014 From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 08:33:46 -0400 (EDT) Subject: [Tutor] making a list of a custom object References: Message-ID: Kate Reeher Wrote in message: > I have a custom class called Game, and it has a variable called "goals". I'd like > to make this a list of custom objects, with various information about the goals. > class Game: > goals = {} That's a class attribute; the others below are instance attributes. And it's a dict not a list. Perhaps you want goals = [] But more likely you're expecting to have more than one game, each with its own list of goals. In this case you'd want an initializer method, and within it you'd say self.goals = [] You'd also want to instantiate at least one game, perhaps like (outside of the class definition) game = Game () > class Goal(object): > def __init__(self,time,goal_by,assist_by,team,is_powerplay ): > self.time=time > self.goal_by=goal_by > self.assist_by=assist_by > self.team=team > self.is_powerplay=is_powerplay > This might be where you should append self to the class attrinute. > Is that Goal class set up correctly? One of many possibilities. > For an instance of Game called game, is this how you'd set a > variable of a goal? > game.goals[i].time= time First you have to create the goal. my_goal = Goal (....) Then you probably need to add that goal to a particular Game. game.goals.append (my_goal) Then if you have appended several, and you need to patch the time of a particular one (the ith one), you might use your statement. But typically in a game, I'd figure the time for a particular goal wouldn't change. -- DaveA From crk at godblessthe.us Sun Sep 21 00:20:09 2014 From: crk at godblessthe.us (Clayton Kirkwood) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 15:20:09 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question 1 Message-ID: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> I'm ramping slowly unfortunately. How does one go about knowing which module to import to make certain functions work? I have a read() that fails because there is no definition for it. I am using the Wing IDE. I have traversed much of the developer's guide and can't find any certainty. Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of its daughters? And why do you have to use a 'for in to import submodule', why not ' mport module.sub'? Lastly, in some tutorials and else-sourced docs certain lines have a ';' at the end. This seems to be most often with 'opens' and 'fopen' kind of calls. Thanks, Clayton -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From crushed26 at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 03:07:54 2014 From: crushed26 at gmail.com (Crush) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 21:07:54 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Subprocess help Message-ID: Hey all, hope everyone is well. I am trying to write a script that automates a certain task I have recently found myself doing a lot lately. The command I need to run is "BYPASSROOT=yes ./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin" I know how to use subprocess to execute the "./octosetup..." command, however the "BYPASSROOT=yes" is stumping me seeing how it is not really a unix command. I assume it is changing a variable within "octosetup...?" How do I get the "BYPASSROOT=yes" to be included in the subprocess.call? I know i know "root" is bad, but with this, I have no choice. Thanks Bo From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sun Sep 21 03:24:47 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 18:24:47 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Subprocess help In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: > The command I need to run is "BYPASSROOT=yes ./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin" Semantically, the command above means: execute "./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin" in an environment that binds BYPASSROOT to "yes". The subprocess.Popen command takes in an optional "env" argument, so that's what you want to provide when creating this new subprocess. Here's a link to the documentation. https://docs.python.org/2/library/subprocess.html#subprocess.Popen So you'll probably want to do something like: envCopy = os.environ.copy() envCopy['BYPASSROOT'] = 'yes' subprocess.Popen(["./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin"], env=envCopy) From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sun Sep 21 03:36:37 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 18:36:37 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question 1 In-Reply-To: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> References: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> Message-ID: On Sat, Sep 20, 2014 at 3:20 PM, Clayton Kirkwood wrote: > I?m ramping slowly unfortunately. How does one go about knowing which module > to import to make certain functions work? I have a read() that fails because > there is no definition for it. Specific details may help here. Can you tell us more? What are you trying to do? If you are seeing error messages, please copy exact error message content and present it. Error messages have more than one bit of information: they usually encode some information that folks here can try to interpret. > Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of its > daughters? The act of importing a module is "recursive": if you import a module, and that module itself has import statements, then Python will do the import of the child modules too. And so forth. (You might imagine a system where the "main" module must do all this linkage by itself, rather than do this recursive walk. And there are systems that do work like this! See: https://talks.golang.org/2012/splash.article for Rob Pike's discussion on the Plan 9 compiler, which worked this way. But Python does not do this.) > And why do you have to use a ?for in to import submodule?, why > not ?import module.sub?? If I'm not mistaken, you _can_ do this. Can you point us to a source where it says you can't? (There are particular style guidelines from certain organizations that prohibit this kind of import, but that prohibition is by convention. That is, it's not because the language disallows it, but because it doesn't fit with the house coding style.) > Lastly, in some tutorials and else-sourced docs certain lines have a ?;? at > the end. This seems to be most often with ?opens? and ?fopen? kind of calls. Huh. Can you point to a reference? Note that third-party documentation (and official documentation!) might be buggy or weird. :P If you can point us to an example, maybe one of us can investigate what's going on there. From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sun Sep 21 03:41:50 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sat, 20 Sep 2014 18:41:50 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] question 1 In-Reply-To: References: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> Message-ID: >> Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of its >> daughters? > > The act of importing a module is "recursive": if you import a module, > and that module itself has import statements, then Python will do the > import of the child modules too. And so forth. Hi Deb, Oh! By the way, this echoes that point about recursion from a week or so ago. https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-September/102715.html So yes, recursion shows up at the heart of the Python module import system too. That should have been an obvious example, but I forgot. :P From steve at pearwood.info Sun Sep 21 06:21:46 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 14:21:46 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] question 1 In-Reply-To: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> References: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> Message-ID: <20140921042146.GC29494@ando.pearwood.info> Hi Clayton, and welcome. My responses are interleaved between your questions below. On Sat, Sep 20, 2014 at 03:20:09PM -0700, Clayton Kirkwood wrote: > I'm ramping slowly unfortunately. How does one go about knowing which module > to import to make certain functions work? Experience, practice, reading the documentation, experimentation. > I have a read() that fails because > there is no definition for it. I am using the Wing IDE. I have traversed > much of the developer's guide and can't find any certainty. That's a hard question to answer. Where did you get the read() from? I can think of three scenarios: (1) You thought to yourself, "I want to read some data from somewhere, hmmm, this sounds like a job for a function called read(), maybe if I just try it, it will work!" Sadly, no it doesn't. What sort of data are you trying to read, and from where? If you tell us that, we may be able to advise on the correct way to read. (2) You are copying some code from somewhere else, and it includes something like: result = read(abc, xyz) # or whatever You need to go back through the rest of the code until you find a line that looks like either: from something import read or perhaps: read = something or even: def read(this, that, another): ... (3) You're reading a tutorial or book, and it suggests using: result = read(abc, xyz) In which case, read the tutorial a bit more closely. Perhaps earlier in the book they told you where read() comes from? Or maybe they didn't, and the tutorial is just broken, mistaken, buggy or confused. If you show us some of the code around the read() line, we may be able to guess what they meant to say. > Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of its > daughters? And why do you have to use a 'for in to import submodule', why > not ' mport module.sub'? A concrete example might help, because if I'm understanding you correctly, you *can* do exactly that. When you say: import fe.fi.fo.fum Python starts off by importing fe, then fe.fi, then fe.fi.fo, then fe.fi.fo.fum, so that *all* of those dotted names will work. Here's an actual example: >>> import os.path >>> os >>> os.path So even though I only *manually* imported the os.path submodule, Python automatically imported its parent os for me. > Lastly, in some tutorials and else-sourced docs certain lines have a ';' at > the end. This seems to be most often with 'opens' and 'fopen' kind of calls. Are you sure you're reading Python tutorials, not C tutorials? :-) It's not *wrong* to end lines with a semi-colon, but it is poor style. A bit like saying "Um" at the beginning of every sentence. You would have to ask the tutorial author why they are doing such a thing. Do you have a link to an online tutorial that does that, I'm curious to see it for myself. -- Steven From steve at pearwood.info Sun Sep 21 07:13:02 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:13:02 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] making a list of a custom object In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <20140921051301.GE29494@ando.pearwood.info> Hi Kate, and welcome! My replies are interleaved between your questions. On Fri, Sep 19, 2014 at 04:25:50PM -0500, Kate Reeher wrote: > I have a custom class called Game, and it has a variable called > "goals". I'd like to make this a list of custom objects, with various > information about the goals. Unfortunately, either your email, or my email, mangled your code below. I've tried to reconstruct it as well I can, but please don't hesitate to correct me if I got it wrong. > class Game: > goals = {} > > class Goal(object): > def __init__(self,time,goal_by,assist_by,team,is_powerplay ): > self.time=time > self.goal_by=goal_by > self.assist_by=assist_by > self.team=team > self.is_powerplay=is_powerplay > > Is that Goal class set up correctly? I can't be absolutely sure, because I'm not sure of your intention, but it looks correct to me. That's certainly the usual way to set up a class. > For an instance of Game called game, is this how you'd set a variable > of a goal? > game.goals[i].time= time You could do it that way to modify an existing goal. (By the way, in Python circles, we prefer to talk about "attributes" of instances, not instance variables. If you are interested, I'll give you my standard rant about this later :-) Your Game class is a little unusual though. It's not *wrong*, just unusual, perhaps you intended to do it this way. You have set the Game class to use a single "class attribute", which means that all instances will share it. (Actually, the rules are a little more complex than that, but for now thinking of it as a shared attribute isn't far wrong.) Was that intentional? If you're familiar with Java, I think that a class attribute is close to a Java static variable. (I'm not a Java expert, so I may be wrong.) If you intend to have multiple Game instances, each with their own independent set of goals, you would write it like this: class Game: def __init__(self): goals = {} but I'm not sure why the goals are kept in a dict. That would require you to keep track of whether each goal is the first, second, third... goal yourself. I think you want an ordered list: class Game: def __init__(self): goals = [] red_vs_blue = Game() shirts_vs_skins = Game() # Add new goals. red_vs_blue.goals.append(Goal(...)) # Fill in the appropriate args. shirts_vs_skins.goals.append(Goal(...)) red_vs_blue.goals.append(Goal(...)) # Modify existing goals (but why would you do this?) red_vs_blue.goals[0].team = 'green' Because each game has its own list of goals, you can run multiple games at the same time. You don't have to track the index of the latest goal, you just append a new goal. You only need to care about the index if you want to modify an existing goal. On the other hand, what you originally wrote, with a shared class attribute, isn't *wrong*. If you absolutely know that there will never be more than one game at a time, there is no need to bother creating a Game instance: class Game: goals = [] Game.goals.append(Goal(...)) Game.goals.append(Goal(...)) Game.goals[0].team = 'green' In this case, you can think of the Game class as being almost like a singleton instance. (Not quite the same, but it does the same job.) As I said, this is fairly unusual in Python though. Normally you would stick to standard "one class, multiple instances, each with their own set of attributes" design. > I'm finding how python does data classes INCREDIBLY confusing, for > whatever reason, so any help would be appreciated. Sorry to hear that. Please don't hesitate to ask about anything confusing. Giving concrete examples is good, and if you are familiar with some other language, feel free to say so. -- Steven From juan0christian at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 16:18:46 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 11:18:46 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range Message-ID: I have a ' self.size = json['number_of_seasons'] ' that equals 5 (already checked), the problem is that the API have some series with special seasons, aka, season_number = 0, and I don't want to get those. I have the following list comp: self.season = [Season(ID, season, self) for season in range(1, self.size + 1)] Let's say I want Breaking Bad, 5 seasons, but this serie has a special season 0. Reading the list comp, I get a range from 1 (in order to ignore season 0) to 5 (range is half-open, so I need size + 1, maybe later I can implement a closed_range, but I don't think this will be necessary as this is the only place I'll ever use this). Then I get the current number and hold it on the var season, then I call Season() with this number, but I'm still fetching episodes from the season 0 and I don't know why! Code: import requests from consts import API from person import Person from character import Character class Serie: def __init__(self, ID): response = requests.get('{query}/{id}?api_key={key}'.format(query = API.QUERY_SERIE, id = ID, key = API.KEY)) json = response.json() self.id = ID self.title = json['name'] self.date = json['first_air_date'] self.size = json['number_of_seasons'] self.season = [Season(ID, season, self) for season in range(1, self.size + 1)] class Season: def __init__(self, ID, season, serie): response = requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}?api_key={key}'.format(query = API.QUERY_SERIE, id = ID, s = season, key = API.KEY)) json = response.json() self.number = season self.serie = serie self.date = json['air_date'] self.episode = [Episode(ID, episode['episode_number'], self) for episode in json['episodes']] self.size = len(self.episode) class Episode: def __init__(self, ID, episode, season): response = requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}/episode/{e}?api_key={key}'.format(query = API.QUERY_EPISODE, id = ID, s = season, e = episode, key = API.KEY)) json = response.json() print(json) print("\n") self.number = episode self.title = json['name'] self.date = json['air_date'] response = requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}/episode/{e}/credits?api_key={key}'.format(query = API.QUERY_EPISODE, id = ID, s = season, e = episode, key = API.KEY)) json = response.json() self.cast = [Character(person['character'], Person(person['id'])) for person in json['cast']] self.cast_size = len(self.cast) s = Serie("1396") print("DEBUG: " + s.title + " : " + s.id + " : " + s.date + " : " + s.size) print(json) is giving me: {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62131, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': '/t729tFVXPetnJlJ2VsUZQz0rX6v.jpg', 'overview ': "Hank and Marie try to spice up their relationship on Valentine's Day.", 'episode_number': 1, 'production_code': None , 'season_number': 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'Good Cop Bad Cop'} {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62133, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': '/wT62P6ZnjKgZXk0M5hHl4e5zSjB.jpg', 'overview ': 'Walt and Hank have a talk before Hank gets married.', 'episode_number': 2, 'production_code': None, 'season_number': 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'Wedding Day'} {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62132, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': '/gUHAqFw3Ptzya96JFFE9xVfMjze.jpg', 'overview ': 'Jesse and Badger make a behind the scenes video about their band "TwaughtHammer" and show a music video for their so ng "Fallacies."', 'episode_number': 3, 'production_code': None, 'season_number': 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'TwaughtHam mer'} [...] As you can see, 'season_number': 0, and I want 1 and above only. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 20:11:02 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:11:02 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Anyone?? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From joel.goldstick at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 20:28:28 2014 From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 14:28:28 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 10:18 AM, Juan Christian wrote: > I have a ' self.size = json['number_of_seasons'] ' that equals 5 (already > checked), the problem is that the API have some series with special seasons, > aka, season_number = 0, and I don't want to get those. > > I have the following list comp: self.season = [Season(ID, season, self) for > season in range(1, self.size + 1)] You are calling Season with different parameters than it was defined to accept. > > Let's say I want Breaking Bad, 5 seasons, but this serie has a special > season 0. Reading the list comp, I get a range from 1 (in order to ignore > season 0) to 5 (range is half-open, so I need size + 1, maybe later I can > implement a closed_range, but I don't think this will be necessary as this > is the only place I'll ever use this). Then I get the current number and > hold it on the var season, then I call Season() with this number, but I'm > still fetching episodes from the season 0 and I don't know why! > > Code: > > import requests > from consts import API > from person import Person > from character import Character > > > class Serie: > def __init__(self, ID): > response = requests.get('{query}/{id}?api_key={key}'.format(query = > API.QUERY_SERIE, id = ID, key = API.KEY)) > json = response.json() > > self.id = ID > self.title = json['name'] > self.date = json['first_air_date'] > self.size = json['number_of_seasons'] > self.season = [Season(ID, season, self) for season in range(1, self.size + > 1)] > > > class Season: > def __init__(self, ID, season, serie): > response = requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}?api_key={key}'.format(query > = API.QUERY_SERIE, id = ID, s = season, key = API.KEY)) > json = response.json() > > self.number = season > self.serie = serie > self.date = json['air_date'] > self.episode = [Episode(ID, episode['episode_number'], self) for episode in > json['episodes']] > self.size = len(self.episode) > > > class Episode: > def __init__(self, ID, episode, season): > response = > requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}/episode/{e}?api_key={key}'.format(query > = API.QUERY_EPISODE, id = ID, s = season, e = episode, key = API.KEY)) > json = response.json() > print(json) > print("\n") > self.number = episode > self.title = json['name'] > self.date = json['air_date'] > > response = > requests.get('{query}/{id}/season/{s}/episode/{e}/credits?api_key={key}'.format(query > = API.QUERY_EPISODE, id = ID, s = season, e = episode, key = API.KEY)) > json = response.json() > > self.cast = [Character(person['character'], Person(person['id'])) for person > in json['cast']] > self.cast_size = len(self.cast) > > > s = Serie("1396") > print("DEBUG: " + s.title + " : " + s.id + " : " + s.date + " : " + s.size) > > > print(json) is giving me: > > {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62131, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': > '/t729tFVXPetnJlJ2VsUZQz0rX6v.jpg', 'overview > ': "Hank and Marie try to spice up their relationship on Valentine's Day.", > 'episode_number': 1, 'production_code': None > , 'season_number': 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'Good Cop Bad Cop'} > > > {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62133, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': > '/wT62P6ZnjKgZXk0M5hHl4e5zSjB.jpg', 'overview > ': 'Walt and Hank have a talk before Hank gets married.', 'episode_number': > 2, 'production_code': None, 'season_number': > 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'Wedding Day'} > > > {'vote_average': 0.0, 'id': 62132, 'air_date': '2009-02-17', 'still_path': > '/gUHAqFw3Ptzya96JFFE9xVfMjze.jpg', 'overview > ': 'Jesse and Badger make a behind the scenes video about their band > "TwaughtHammer" and show a music video for their so > ng "Fallacies."', 'episode_number': 3, 'production_code': None, > 'season_number': 0, 'vote_count': 0, 'name': 'TwaughtHam > mer'} > > [...] > > As you can see, 'season_number': 0, and I want 1 and above only. > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Joel Goldstick http://joelgoldstick.com From juan0christian at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 20:36:48 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:36:48 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 3:28 PM, Joel Goldstick wrote: > > You are calling Season with different parameters than it was defined to > accept. No, I'm not. Season > def __init__(self, ID, season, serie) and I'm calling it with Season(ID, season, self), I'm giving everything needed, don't I? -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From joel.goldstick at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 21:21:05 2014 From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:21:05 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 2:36 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 3:28 PM, Joel Goldstick > wrote: >> >> You are calling Season with different parameters than it was defined to >> accept. > > > No, I'm not. > > Season > def __init__(self, ID, season, serie) > > and I'm calling it with Season(ID, season, self), I'm giving everything > needed, don't I? Shouldn't it be: Season(ID, season, serie)? > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -- Joel Goldstick http://joelgoldstick.com From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sun Sep 21 21:25:21 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 12:25:21 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 11:11 AM, Juan Christian wrote: > Anyone? Please treat email as asynchronous: sometimes you'll get a response within minutes, but sometimes it takes a little longer. Reading the question quickly... I can't answer this too carefully. I haven't even had breakfast or lunch yet! :P But there appears to be a type error here. You're using the name "season" in different contexts, where sometimes you mean the season number, and in other places, you mean the season object. Particularly, you appear to expect the constructor of Episode to take in the season *number*, but within the Season constructor, you're passing it the season *object*. From juan0christian at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 21:32:05 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 16:32:05 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 4:21 PM, Joel Goldstick wrote: > > Shouldn't it be: Season(ID, season, serie)? No, we always have to have 'self' in the first arg. On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 4:25 PM, Danny Yoo wrote: > > Please treat email as asynchronous: sometimes you'll get a response > within minutes, but sometimes it takes a little longer. > > Reading the question quickly... I can't answer this too carefully. I > haven't even had breakfast or lunch yet! :P > > > But there appears to be a type error here. You're using the name > "season" in different contexts, where sometimes you mean the season > number, and in other places, you mean the season object. > Particularly, you appear to expect the constructor of Episode to take > in the season *number*, but within the Season constructor, you're > passing it the season *object*. > Time here is different then =p And, no, I always treat season as a number, like season 1, 2, 3, ... In the class Season, I use season twice: on the response, s = season, giving s the season number. And self.number = season, giving, self.number, the season number, only that! And in the class Serie, the line self.season = [Season(ID, season, self) for season in range(1, self.size + 1)], self.season is the object, and season is just a random var that I used in the list. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 21:36:54 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 16:36:54 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Thanks Danny, indeed, the problem was in these confusing names. The problem was here: Class Episode > s = season The fix: s = season.number -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From crushed26 at gmail.com Sun Sep 21 22:43:14 2014 From: crushed26 at gmail.com (Crush) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 16:43:14 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Subprocess help In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: <5798ACE1-9294-493E-9D5B-156CE70468FF@gmail.com> Thank you Danny for your assistance. Just a couple of follow up questions to help me understand what is going on. You said... "Semantically, the command above means: execute "./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin" in an environment that binds BYPASSROOT to "yes"." Does the above mean "BYPASSROOT" is an environmet variable? Is this created and set by default by the system or is it created and set by "octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin?" The code you suggested... "envCopy = os.environ.copy() envCopy['BYPASSROOT'] = 'yes' subprocess.Popen(["./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin"], env=envCopy)" This copies the systems environment variables and stores them in the variable "envCopy?" What do the "[ ]'s" mean? Are the variables stored in an array or list and by enclosing "BYPASSROOT" in brackets, we are ultimately selecting "BYPASSROOT" and assinging its value to "yes?" We then pass this to subprocess, but how does subprocess know we want "BYPASSROOT" to equal "yes" when we only pass on envCopy, which is coded before " envCopy['BYPASSROOT'] = 'yes'?" Does python not work from top to bottom? Bo From dyoo at hashcollision.org Sun Sep 21 23:18:47 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 14:18:47 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Subprocess help In-Reply-To: <5798ACE1-9294-493E-9D5B-156CE70468FF@gmail.com> References:

<5798ACE1-9294-493E-9D5B-156CE70468FF@gmail.com> Message-ID: > "Semantically, the command above means: > execute "./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin" in an environment > that binds BYPASSROOT to "yes"." > > Does the above mean "BYPASSROOT" is an environmet variable? Is this created and set by default by the system or is it created and set by "octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin?" The word "system" is ambiguous. Let's be specific. The actor here is the command-line shell. Assuming that you are using the 'bash' command-line shell, see: http://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/sect_03_02.html http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Command-Execution-Environment http://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Environment for the background information. The particular usage you are doing here at your command line shell: $ BYPASSROOT=yes ./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin is a concrete instance of augmenting the environment with a temporary set of variables, as described in Section 3.7.4 of the Bash documentation: """The environment for any simple command or function may be augmented temporarily by prefixing it with parameter assignments, as described in Shell Parameters. These assignment statements affect only the environment seen by that command.""" I do need to cut in and editorialize: a little knowledge is dangerous. You're asking questions that suggest that you have a passing familiarity with Unix, but not a deep one. Given what you appear to be doing, this frightens me. I am not joking; this is not a laughing matter. Please talk to your local friendly Unix system administrator, and take a real Unix system administration class. In the United States, you can visit one of the USENIX groups: https://www.usenix.org/legacy/membership/groups_usa.html I'm not so familiar with the situation outside the US, but I'm pretty sure similar groups can be found. > The code you suggested... > > "envCopy = os.environ.copy() > envCopy['BYPASSROOT'] = 'yes' > subprocess.Popen(["./octosetupBROADCASTER-linux_i386.bin"], env=envCopy)" > > This copies the systems environment variables and stores them in the variable "envCopy?" What do the "[ ]'s" mean? Are the variables stored in an array or list and by enclosing "BYPASSROOT" in brackets, we are ultimately selecting "BYPASSROOT" and assinging its value to "yes?" Please read: https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/datastructures.html#dictionaries From dyoo at hashcollision.org Mon Sep 22 00:29:28 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:29:28 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Fwd: question 1 In-Reply-To: References: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> <013101cfd5e4$e66f3020$b34d9060$@us> Message-ID: Forwarding response to tutor; didn't realize it was only sent to me. ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Danny Yoo Date: Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 3:10 PM Subject: Re: [Tutor] question 1 To: Clayton Kirkwood On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 2:42 PM, Clayton Kirkwood wrote: >> Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of >> its daughters? > > The act of importing a module is "recursive": if you import a module, and that module itself has import statements, then Python will do the import of the child modules too. And so forth. >> And why do you have to use a ?for in to import submodule?, why not >> ?import module.sub?? > > If I'm not mistaken, you _can_ do this. Can you point us to a source where it says you can't? > > (There are particular style guidelines from certain organizations that prohibit this kind of import, but that prohibition is by convention. > That is, it's not because the language disallows it, but because it doesn't fit with the house coding style.) > > > [Clayton Kirkwood] > From the interpreter: > > import io > import io.FileIO > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "", line 1, in > builtins.ImportError: No module named 'io.FileIO'; 'io' is not a package Hi Clayton, Ah. But 'FileIO' is not a module. It's a value in the 'io' module. We can see this here: ####################################################### dhcp-9:work dyoo$ python Python 2.7.5 (default, Mar 9 2014, 22:15:05) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 5.0 (clang-500.0.68)] on darwin Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import io >>> io >>> io.FileIO ####################################################### When we say: import xxx then the "xxx" has to be a module. The 'from/import' statement is deceptively named, unfortunately; it's doing a little more than just module import. https://docs.python.org/2/tutorial/modules.html#more-on-modules where when we say: from xxx import yyy then xxx.yyy could be a module, or it might not. The act of module import is involved, so in a sense, the statement is doing an import. But the 'yyy' doesn't have to be a module. When we say: from io import FileIO we are taking a value from the 'io' module, and giving it the name 'FileIO So yeah, it's a little confusing. For that reason, certain style guidelines have a say when something is appropriate to write, apart from what Python technically allows. As a concrete example, see: https://google-styleguide.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/pyguide.html?showone=Imports#Imports Here, we see a style decision that is _more_ restrictive than what the Python language allows. > Huh. Can you point to a reference? Note that third-party documentation (and official documentation!) might be buggy or weird. > :P If you can point us to an example, maybe one of us can investigate what's going on there. > [Clayton Kirkwood] > > > Example from ' http://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_files_io.htm' > > #!/usr/bin/python > > str = raw_input("Enter your input: "); > print "Received input is : ", str Just because something is on the web (or email) doesn't mean it's correct or prefect. :) -- There are a few small problems with this example from tutorialspoint: 1. The semicolon is superfluous. Take it out: it will still work. 2. The name 'str' is already a built-in, https://docs.python.org/2/library/functions.html#str so the code here is shadowing the built-in. In such a small test program, this is fine. In a real program, I'd ding this for readability issues. From dyoo at hashcollision.org Mon Sep 22 00:30:00 2014 From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 15:30:00 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] Fwd: question 1 In-Reply-To: <013101cfd5e4$e66f3020$b34d9060$@us> References: <007301cfd521$0ad08af0$2071a0d0$@us> <013101cfd5e4$e66f3020$b34d9060$@us> Message-ID: Forwarding Clayton's original request to tutor: ---------- Forwarded message ---------- From: Clayton Kirkwood Date: Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 2:42 PM Subject: RE: [Tutor] question 1 To: Danny Yoo > Secondarily, why can you import a module without it importing all of > its daughters? The act of importing a module is "recursive": if you import a module, and that module itself has import statements, then Python will do the import of the child modules too. And so forth. > And why do you have to use a ?for in to import submodule?, why not > ?import module.sub?? If I'm not mistaken, you _can_ do this. Can you point us to a source where it says you can't? (There are particular style guidelines from certain organizations that prohibit this kind of import, but that prohibition is by convention. That is, it's not because the language disallows it, but because it doesn't fit with the house coding style.) [Clayton Kirkwood] >From the interpreter: import io import io.FileIO Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 1, in builtins.ImportError: No module named 'io.FileIO'; 'io' is not a package from io import FileIO :end > Lastly, in some tutorials and else-sourced docs certain lines have a > ?;? at the end. This seems to be most often with ?opens? and ?fopen? kind of calls. Huh. Can you point to a reference? Note that third-party documentation (and official documentation!) might be buggy or weird. :P If you can point us to an example, maybe one of us can investigate what's going on there. [Clayton Kirkwood] Example from ' http://www.tutorialspoint.com/python/python_files_io.htm' #!/usr/bin/python str = raw_input("Enter your input: "); print "Received input is : ", str From steve at pearwood.info Mon Sep 22 03:13:23 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 11:13:23 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: <20140922011320.GG29494@ando.pearwood.info> On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 03:11:02PM -0300, Juan Christian wrote: > Anyone?? Have patience, we're not on 24/7 duty and you don't have a SLA (Service Level Agreement) with us. Normally it is considered polite to wait at least one day before sending a reminder, not six hours. Although we have list members all over the world, and even though sometimes it doesn't look like it, we do have lives outside of this mailing list and sometimes we're all away from the computer or busy doing something else. Or, perhaps your question is a hard question to answer and we need time to think about it. -- Steve From juan0christian at gmail.com Mon Sep 22 04:11:25 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Sun, 21 Sep 2014 23:11:25 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python 3: List Comprehensions + range In-Reply-To: <20140922011320.GG29494@ando.pearwood.info> References:

<20140922011320.GG29494@ando.pearwood.info> Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 21, 2014 at 10:13 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote: > > Have patience, we're not on 24/7 duty and you don't have a SLA (Service > Level Agreement) with us. > > Normally it is considered polite to wait at least one day before sending > a reminder, not six hours. Although we have list members all over the > world, and even though sometimes it doesn't look like it, we do have > lives outside of this mailing list and sometimes we're all away from the > computer or busy doing something else. > > Or, perhaps your question is a hard question to answer and we need time > to think about it. > I'm sorry, maybe I'm a little spoiled by forums, where I post a topic and in less than 2h someone comes up with something, usually not the answer, but something - hahaha. I promise I'll be more patient. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Mon Sep 22 22:01:36 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 17:01:36 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python advice about API, JSON Message-ID: I'm trying to make my script the more pythonic possible. How would a good approach regarding external API and json be? I'm calling this API (http://docs.themoviedb.apiary.io/) using 'requests'. The thing is that I need to do a bunch of different calls to the API: - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/person << Receive ID and return person info - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/tv << Receive ID and return serie info - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/movie << Receive ID and return movie info - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/search << Receive "Name of person or serie or movie" and return ID I have the following structures: - {query}/{type}?api_key={key}&query={person or tv or movie} - {query}/{id}?api_key={key} - {query}/{id}/credits?api_key={key} - {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}?api_key={key} - {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}/episode/{episode_number}?api_key={key} - {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}/episode/{episode_number}/credits?api_key={key} I'm thinking about creating a class 'API' and have all these URLs and structures there. The thing is that I need to pass my API_KEY and this key will be used for everything, so I just need to pass it once, how can I do that? Yes, I know about class attributes, but the thing is that I will call this class 'API' from different classes and I'll need to instantiate a API obj in each of them, is it a good approach? Inside this 'API' class I would have a __init__ that would receive an API_KEY and different methods, each for a type of query (person, tv, movie, search, credits). Maybe my explanation is a bit confusing but I hope you guys understood, anyway, you can ask for more information if needed! And another thing, What's better, a single module with multiple classes (total lines: ~110) or multiple modules with 1-3 classes (correlated, like class serie, season and episode in the same module, and class person and character in the same module) each? Thanks! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Mon Sep 22 22:30:23 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 17:30:23 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Python advice about API, JSON In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: On Mon, Sep 22, 2014 at 5:10 PM, Patrick Thunstrom wrote: > On Mon, Sep 22, 2014 at 4:01 PM, Juan Christian > wrote: > > I'm trying to make my script the more pythonic possible. How would a good > > approach regarding external API and json be? > > I don't think dealing with a specific API is actually appropriate for > this list. I'll try to answer the general elements. But I do want the "general" approach, I just talked about the API I'm using for the sake of example. I don't need multiple versions of the class API, I would have only one. I would need multiple instances, because I have a person class, movie class and serie class, and each of them would need their API obj. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From questions.anon at gmail.com Tue Sep 23 07:08:52 2014 From: questions.anon at gmail.com (questions anon) Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2014 15:08:52 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] print date and skip any repeats In-Reply-To: <20140917093505.GA9051@cskk.homeip.net> References: <20140917093505.GA9051@cskk.homeip.net> Message-ID: Thank you for your help. Using your feedback and adding the input dates and the output dates into lists. It seems to work although I am not sure if this is the correct/fastest/pythonic way to go about it. As I said it works... I have pasted below if anyone else needs something similar thanks for your help lastdate=all_the_dates[1] onedateperday.append(lastdate) print onedateperday for date in all_the_dates: if date !=lastdate: lastdate=date onedateperday.append(lastdate) On Wed, Sep 17, 2014 at 7:35 PM, Cameron Simpson wrote: > On 17Sep2014 19:21, questions anon wrote: > >> I think this should be simple but I can't find the right commands. >> >> I have a date for each hour for a whole month (and more) and I would like >> to >> write a loop that prints each date that is different but skips the dates >> that >> are the same. >> >> for i in date: >> print i and then skip i until different >> print next i and then skip i until different >> etc. >> > > If the above is what you're thinking, your problem seems to be that you're > putting the "skip i until different" inside the loop as though you do lots > of things in each loop iteration. > > What you'd really be doing is _one_ thing inside each loop iteration: > printing the date or not. The normal way to do this is to keep a variable > for the last date _print_. Each loop iteration should compare the current > date against that and either do nothing or [print the new date and update > the variable]. > > So you loop looks like this: > > lastdate = "" > for date in all_the_dates: > if date != lastdate: > ... a different date: print and then update last date ... > > See if adapting that gets you closer to working code. If your code doesn't > work, post the actualy code and a description of what it seems to be doing > wrong. > > Cheers, > Cameron Simpson > > Trust the computer industry to shorten Year 2000 to Y2K. It was this > thinking that caused the problem in the first place. > - Mark Ovens > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From davea at davea.name Tue Sep 23 09:05:28 2014 From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel) Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2014 03:05:28 -0400 (EDT) Subject: [Tutor] print date and skip any repeats References: <20140917093505.GA9051@cskk.homeip.net> Message-ID: Please post in text mode, not html. questions anon Wrote in message: > > lastdate=all_the_dates[1] > onedateperday.append(lastdate) > print onedateperday > for date in all_the_dates: > if date !=lastdate: > lastdate=date > onedateperday.append(lastdate) There are a number of things you don't explicitly specify. But if you require the dates in the output list to be in the same order as the original list, you have a bug in using element [1]. You should be using element zero, or more simply: lastdate=None for date in all_the_dates: if date !=lastdate: onedateperday.append(date) lastdate=date But if you specified a bit more, even simpler answers are possible. For example, if output order doesn't matter, try: onedateperday = list (set (all_the_dates)) If output order matters, but the desired order is sorted, onedateperday = sorted ( list (set (all_the_dates))) Other approaches are possible using library functions, but this should be enough. -- DaveA From jarod_v6 at libero.it Tue Sep 23 11:40:25 2014 From: jarod_v6 at libero.it (jarod_v6 at libero.it) Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2014 11:40:25 +0200 (CEST) Subject: [Tutor] Regular expression Message-ID: <13460003.470381411465225310.JavaMail.defaultUser@defaultHost> Hi there!! I need to read this file: pippo.count : 10566 ZXDC 2900 ZYG11A 7909 ZYG11B 3584 ZYX 9614 ZZEF1 17704 ZZZ3 This file present a use space on the begin then they have a number and the a word. p =re.compile("\s+\d+") with open("pippo.count") as p: for i in p: lines =i.rstrip("\n").split("\t") print t.findall(str(lines)) out: [' 994'] [' 10428'] [' 1810'] [' 4880'] [' 8905'] How can extract only the number and the work in array? Thanks for any help jarod From steve at pearwood.info Tue Sep 23 13:02:07 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2014 21:02:07 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] Regular expression In-Reply-To: <13460003.470381411465225310.JavaMail.defaultUser@defaultHost> References: <13460003.470381411465225310.JavaMail.defaultUser@defaultHost> Message-ID: <20140923110206.GJ29494@ando.pearwood.info> On Tue, Sep 23, 2014 at 11:40:25AM +0200, jarod_v6 at libero.it wrote: > Hi there!! > > I need to read this file: > > pippo.count : > 10566 ZXDC > 2900 ZYG11A > 7909 ZYG11B > 3584 ZYX > 9614 ZZEF1 > 17704 ZZZ3 > How can extract only the number and the work in array? Thanks for any help There is no need for the nuclear-powered bulldozer of regular expressions just to crack this peanut. with open('pippo.count') as f: for line in f: num, word = line.split() num = int(num) print num, word Or, if you prefer the old-fashioned way: f = open('pippo.count') for line in f: num, word = line.split() num = int(num) print num, word f.close() but the first way with the with-statement is better. -- Steven From questions.anon at gmail.com Wed Sep 24 11:19:45 2014 From: questions.anon at gmail.com (questions anon) Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2014 19:19:45 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] print date and skip any repeats In-Reply-To: References: <20140917093505.GA9051@cskk.homeip.net>

Message-ID: Ok, I am continuing to get stuck. I think I was asking the wrong question so I have posted the entire script (see below). What I really want to do is find the daily maximum for a dataset (e.g. Temperature) that is contained in monthly netcdf files where the data are separated by hour. The major steps are: open monthly netcdf files and use the timestamp to extract the hourly data for the first day. Append the data for each hour of that day to a list, concatenate, find max and plot then loop through and do the following day. I can do some of the steps separately but I run into trouble in working out how to loop through each hour and separate the data into each day and then repeat all the steps for the following day. Any feedback will be greatly appreciated! oneday=[] all_the_dates=[] onedateperday=[] #open folders and open relevant netcdf files that are monthly files containing hourly data across a region for (path, dirs, files) in os.walk(MainFolder): for ncfile in files: if ncfile.endswith(ncvariablename+'.nc'): print "dealing with ncfiles:", path+ncfile ncfile=os.path.join(path,ncfile) ncfile=Dataset(ncfile, 'r+', 'NETCDF4') variable=ncfile.variables[ncvariablename][:,:,:] TIME=ncfile.variables['time'][:] ncfile.close() #combine variable and time so I can make calculations based on hours or days for v, time in zip((variable[:,:,:]),(TIME[:])): cdftime=utime('seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00') ncfiletime=cdftime.num2date(time) timestr=str(ncfiletime) utc_dt = dt.strptime(timestr, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') au_tz = pytz.timezone('Australia/Sydney') local_dt = utc_dt.replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc).astimezone(au_tz) strp_local=local_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H') #strips time down to date and hour local_date=local_dt.strftime('%Y-%m-%d') #strips time down to just date all_the_dates.append(local_date) #make a list that strips down the dates to only have one date per day (rather than one for each hour) onedateperday = sorted ( list (set (all_the_dates))) #loop through each day and combine data (v) where the hours occur on the same day for days in onedateperday: if strp_local.startswith(days): oneday.append(v) big_array=np.ma.dstack(oneday) #concatenate data v_DailyMax=big_array.max(axis=2) # find max #then go on to plot v_DailyMax for each day map = Basemap(projection='merc',llcrnrlat=-40,urcrnrlat=-33, llcrnrlon=139.0,urcrnrlon=151.0,lat_ts=0,resolution='i') map.drawcoastlines() map.drawstates() map.readshapefile(shapefile1, 'REGIONS') x,y=map(*np.meshgrid(LON,LAT)) plottitle=ncvariablename+'v_DailyMax'+days cmap=plt.cm.jet CS = map.contourf(x,y,v_DailyMax, 15, cmap=cmap) l,b,w,h =0.1,0.1,0.8,0.8 cax = plt.axes([l+w+0.025, b, 0.025, h]) plt.colorbar(CS,cax=cax, drawedges=True) plt.savefig((os.path.join(OutputFolder, plottitle+'.png'))) plt.show() plt.close() On Wed, Sep 24, 2014 at 8:27 AM, questions anon wrote: > brilliant, thank you! > > On Tue, Sep 23, 2014 at 5:05 PM, Dave Angel wrote: > >> >> Please post in text mode, not html. >> >> questions anon Wrote in message: >> > >> > lastdate=all_the_dates[1] >> > onedateperday.append(lastdate) >> > print onedateperday >> > for date in all_the_dates: >> > if date !=lastdate: >> > lastdate=date >> > onedateperday.append(lastdate) >> >> There are a number of things you don't explicitly specify. But if >> you require the dates in the output list to be in the same order >> as the original list, you have a bug in using element [1]. You >> should be using element zero, or more simply: >> >> lastdate=None >> for date in all_the_dates: >> if date !=lastdate: >> onedateperday.append(date) >> lastdate=date >> >> But if you specified a bit more, even simpler answers are possible. >> >> For example, if output order doesn't matter, try: >> onedateperday = list (set (all_the_dates)) >> >> If output order matters, but the desired order is sorted, >> onedateperday = sorted ( list (set (all_the_dates))) >> >> Other approaches are possible using library functions, but this >> should be enough. >> >> >> >> -- >> DaveA >> >> _______________________________________________ >> Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org >> To unsubscribe or change subscription options: >> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor >> > > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From juan0christian at gmail.com Thu Sep 25 21:30:49 2014 From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian) Date: Thu, 25 Sep 2014 16:30:49 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] Ubuntu 14.04 + Python 3.4.1 (pyvenv) + sqlite3 Message-ID: So, I'm coding a software using Flask and sqlite3 on Ubuntu 14.04, I read that on Python 3.4.1, sqlite3 is default, but when I try to 'import sqlite3' I get: Traceback (most recent call last): File "flaskr.py", line 5, in import sqlite3 File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/sqlite3/__init__.py", line 23, in from sqlite3.dbapi2 import * File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/sqlite3/dbapi2.py", line 26, in from _sqlite3 import * ImportError: No module named '_sqlite3' I'm running this code in a virtualenv using pyvenv. pip list (inside venv): Flask (0.10.1) itsdangerous (0.24) Jinja2 (2.7.3) MarkupSafe (0.23) pip (1.5.6) requests (2.4.1) setuptools (5.8) Werkzeug (0.9.6) Using Python 3.4.1 The code is question is an example code from Flask doc, here: http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.10/tutorial/dbinit/#tutorial-dbinit I already installed 'libsqlite3-dev' (apt-get). I don't knwo what to do! -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Thu Sep 25 22:32:24 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Thu, 25 Sep 2014 22:32:24 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Ubuntu 14.04 + Python 3.4.1 (pyvenv) + sqlite3 References: Message-ID: Juan Christian wrote: > So, I'm coding a software using Flask and sqlite3 on Ubuntu 14.04, I read > that on Python 3.4.1, sqlite3 is default, but when I try to 'import > sqlite3' I get: > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "flaskr.py", line 5, in > import sqlite3 > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/sqlite3/__init__.py", line 23, in > > from sqlite3.dbapi2 import * > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/sqlite3/dbapi2.py", line 26, in > from _sqlite3 import * > ImportError: No module named '_sqlite3' > > > I'm running this code in a virtualenv using pyvenv. > > pip list (inside venv): > Flask (0.10.1) > itsdangerous (0.24) > Jinja2 (2.7.3) > MarkupSafe (0.23) > pip (1.5.6) > requests (2.4.1) > setuptools (5.8) > Werkzeug (0.9.6) > > Using Python 3.4.1 But not the one provided by the distribution, I presume? When you compiled your Python, did you not get a message like [...] Python build finished successfully! The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found: _bz2 _curses _curses_panel _dbm _gdbm _lzma _sqlite3 _ssl _tkinter readline zlib To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name. [...] ? > The code is question is an example code from Flask doc, here: > http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/0.10/tutorial/dbinit/#tutorial-dbinit > > I already installed 'libsqlite3-dev' (apt-get). So after $ sudo apt-get install libsqlite3-dev Did you invoke $ ./configure $ make again? The output should have changed slightly: [...] Python build finished successfully! The necessary bits to build these optional modules were not found: _bz2 _curses _curses_panel _dbm _gdbm _lzma _ssl _tkinter readline zlib [...] > I don't knwo what to do! Btw, I think this is off-topic for the tutor mailing list which is supposed to help with basic usage of Python. From paulrsmith7777 at gmail.com Fri Sep 26 19:25:53 2014 From: paulrsmith7777 at gmail.com (Paul Smith) Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2014 13:25:53 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Module? Error handling specific to SQLite3 Message-ID: Ok Tutor help please... Early stages messing with module sqlite3 in python3.4. I am successful in creating sqlite tables of my own and interacting with other sqlite tables, however in refining the code from a purely "it can do it" stage to a more stable working piece of code I run into this problem. I call the correct sqlite3 items and create table D to which I add or 'amend' specific information from tables A and Z. However since the table is already created the line of code that created the table subsequently kicks out this error when the program runs again. Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\Thechives\Desktop\pyweather\AlphaItems\ weathercodetrial1.2.py", line 206, in cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE "D" AS SELECT weather_current FROM "todays_weather" WHERE weather_current IS NOT NULL''') sqlite3.OperationalError: table "D" already exists So how does one handle the error or ignore the creation portion of the program once the table is created? Python exception handling has not helped, Try - Except - although I am mashing it I am sure. I believe since we are actually engaging sqlite via python at this point in the code it should be a sqlite error handler or some such. So simple and yet it eludes my noobile mind. Thanks in advance, Paul -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From __peter__ at web.de Fri Sep 26 19:46:44 2014 From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten) Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2014 19:46:44 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Module? Error handling specific to SQLite3 References: Message-ID: Paul Smith wrote: > Early stages messing with module sqlite3 in python3.4. I am successful in > creating sqlite tables of my own and interacting with other sqlite tables, > however in refining the code from a purely "it can do it" stage to a more > stable working piece of code I run into this problem. > > I call the correct sqlite3 items and create table D to which I add or > 'amend' specific information from tables A and Z. > > However since the table is already created the line of code that created > the table subsequently kicks out this error when the program runs again. > > Traceback (most recent call last): > File "C:\Users\Thechives\Desktop\pyweather\AlphaItems\ > weathercodetrial1.2.py", line 206, in > cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE "D" AS SELECT weather_current FROM > "todays_weather" WHERE weather_current IS NOT NULL''') > sqlite3.OperationalError: table "D" already exists > > So how does one handle the error or ignore the creation portion of the > program once the table is created? > > Python exception handling has not helped, Try - Except - although I am > mashing it I am sure. I believe since we are actually engaging sqlite via > python at this point in the code it should be a sqlite error handler or > some such. So simple and yet it eludes my noobile mind. While you could wrap the cur.execute() in a try except try: cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE "D" ...''') except sqlite3.OperationalError: pass # assume that the table already exists and ignore the error there is a also way to handle this in SQL: cur.execute('''CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "D" ...''') See also the sqlite3 documentation at . From yanglei.fage at gmail.com Sun Sep 28 16:53:06 2014 From: yanglei.fage at gmail.com (lei yang) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 22:53:06 +0800 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python Message-ID: Hi expert, How to express shift+enter in python ? Thanks -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From kwpolska at gmail.com Sun Sep 28 17:04:16 2014 From: kwpolska at gmail.com (=?UTF-8?B?Q2hyaXMg4oCcS3dwb2xza2HigJ0gV2Fycmljaw==?=) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 17:04:16 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 4:53 PM, lei yang wrote: > Hi expert, > > How to express shift+enter in python ? > > Thanks What do you want to express, exactly? This key combination can have multiple meanings and ways to achieve it, depending on your needs. Do you want to send the key combination to an app? What is it, exactly, that you want to do? What app uses Shift+Enter in the way you want to use it? -- Chris ?Kwpolska? Warrick PGP: 5EAAEA16 stop html mail | always bottom-post | only UTF-8 makes sense From yanglei.fage at gmail.com Sun Sep 28 17:11:26 2014 From: yanglei.fage at gmail.com (lei yang) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 23:11:26 +0800 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: Hi Chris, I just use "xlwt" lib to newline in one cell, I find it display with one line in windows but works in linux, so I guess it maybe"shift+enter" to newline Lei On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 11:04 PM, Chris ?Kwpolska? Warrick < kwpolska at gmail.com> wrote: > On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 4:53 PM, lei yang wrote: > > Hi expert, > > > > How to express shift+enter in python ? > > > > Thanks > > What do you want to express, exactly? This key combination can have > multiple meanings and ways to achieve it, depending on your needs. Do > you want to send the key combination to an app? What is it, exactly, > that you want to do? What app uses Shift+Enter in the way you want to > use it? > > -- > Chris ?Kwpolska? Warrick > PGP: 5EAAEA16 > stop html mail | always bottom-post | only UTF-8 makes sense > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From steve at pearwood.info Sun Sep 28 18:25:12 2014 From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 02:25:12 +1000 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: <20140928162511.GL19757@ando.pearwood.info> On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 11:11:26PM +0800, lei yang wrote: > Hi Chris, > > I just use "xlwt" lib to newline in one cell, I find it display with one > line in windows but works in linux, so I guess it maybe"shift+enter" to > newline I am afraid I have no idea what you are talking about. Can you show some code, and the expected result? Regards, Steve > Lei > > > On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 11:04 PM, Chris ?Kwpolska? Warrick < > kwpolska at gmail.com> wrote: > > > On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 4:53 PM, lei yang wrote: > > > Hi expert, > > > > > > How to express shift+enter in python ? > > > > > > Thanks > > > > What do you want to express, exactly? This key combination can have > > multiple meanings and ways to achieve it, depending on your needs. Do > > you want to send the key combination to an app? What is it, exactly, > > that you want to do? What app uses Shift+Enter in the way you want to > > use it? > > > > -- > > Chris ?Kwpolska? Warrick > > PGP: 5EAAEA16 > > stop html mail | always bottom-post | only UTF-8 makes sense > > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor From akleider at sonic.net Sun Sep 28 22:14:20 2014 From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 13:14:20 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: <052d56953fd59042ed39f3d8da0ea8d2@sonic.net> On 2014-09-28 07:53, lei yang wrote: > Hi expert, > > How to express shift+enter in python ? Have you tried ^J or chr(10)? i.e. shift_plus_enter = chr(10) From davea at davea.name Mon Sep 29 02:07:01 2014 From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 20:07:01 -0400 (EDT) Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python References:

Message-ID: lei yang Wrote in message: > > I just use "xlwt" lib to newline in one cell, I find it display with one line > in windows but works in linux, so I guess it maybe"shift+enter" to newline Xlwt isn't in the Python stdlib, so some other forum is probably preferable to tutor. Just how are you "newlining"? Can you post some example code? "It" displays with one line in Windows. Using what command, TYPE? If you're using a particular program, such as Lotus 123, you should specifit. Likewise in Linux, you might be using Open Office, or Libre Office Calc, or ... I can't see what relevancy a keystroke combination has when you're presumably writing a spreadsheet file with code. You should probably concentrate on what data in the spreadsheet is desired. -- DaveA From hgfernan at gmail.com Mon Sep 29 03:07:03 2014 From: hgfernan at gmail.com (Hilton Fernandes) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 22:07:03 -0300 Subject: [Tutor] how to express shift+enter in python In-Reply-To: References:

Message-ID: Dear all, the reading of specific keys is sometimes a necessity. For instance: some text fields will let you insert a newline in the block of text if you press the combination Shift+Enter, while pressing the sole Enter key will cause the whole text to be transmitted. Unfortunately, reading these combinations tend to be specific to the operating system yo use, and are not available to the standard Python library, that AFAIK is more concerned with chars than with keys. In the context of Python, i suppose that TCL/Tk probably has this feature and windowing environments for Python like wxPython, PyGTK, and PyQt. So, dear Ley Yang, would you mind please telling us what's the OS you're using ? Maybe Window ? And please comment more about your programming experience. This list has a specific focus, but the experts here are certainly able to recommend you to another list, if that's the case. I wish a nice week to everybody everywhere. 8-) All the best, Hilton On Sun, Sep 28, 2014 at 9:07 PM, Dave Angel wrote: > lei yang Wrote in message: > > > > > I just use "xlwt" lib to newline in one cell, I find it display with one > line > > in windows but works in linux, so I guess it maybe"shift+enter" to > newline > > Xlwt isn't in the Python stdlib, so some other forum is probably > preferable to tutor. > > Just how are you "newlining"? Can you post some example code? > > "It" displays with one line in Windows. Using what command, > TYPE? If you're using a particular program, such as Lotus 123, > you should specifit. Likewise in Linux, you might be using Open > Office, or Libre Office Calc, or ... > > I can't see what relevancy a keystroke combination has when you're > presumably writing a spreadsheet file with code. You should > probably concentrate on what data in the spreadsheet is > desired. > > -- > DaveA > > _______________________________________________ > Tutor maillist - Tutor at python.org > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor > -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From armindorod at gmail.com Sun Sep 28 04:36:12 2014 From: armindorod at gmail.com (Armindo Rodrigues) Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2014 22:36:12 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] List and dictionary comprehensions Message-ID: Hi everyone, This is my first post so I don't know if I am asking the correct way so let me know if I messed anything up. ***Please note. My code contains a list of quotes that has many lines. I have noted the beginning and end of the quotes list so you can easily skip and go straight to the code section. *** This is technically NOT a homework assignment. I am the teaching assistant for the Python course at my school. The teacher doesn't give me the homework ahead of time so I typically try the homework myself so I can help anyone else out that may be confused. The assignment has come and gone but I want to challenge myself with making this thing more efficient and learn comprehensions along the way. The assignment was as follows: The teacher provided the class with a list of quotes called data_list. We were to implement a very simple search algorithm that took in a user's query and we searched based on those words. If the user entered an OR then we searched for quotes that contained either of the words. Any other combination of AND OR will be an AND search. Once we completed the search algorithm, the assignment called for pre-processing that would make the search more efficient and faster. I created a dictionary based on each word in the quotes list as the key and then searched against those words. I greatly increased the search time. MY QUESTION: Can anyone look at this and explain how I could create a list comprehension and a dictionary comprehension if possible? Also any suggestions with making the search faster would be appreciated. import re from datetime import datetime import time ################### DATA LIST STARTS HERE data_list=["And now here is my secret, a very simple secret: It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to the eye.", "All grown-ups were once children... but only few of them remember it.", "People have forgotten this truth,\" the fox said. \"But you mustn?t forget it. You become responsible forever for what you?ve tamed. You?re responsible for your rose.", "It is the time you have wasted for your rose that makes your rose so important.", "The most beautiful things in the world cannot be seen or touched, they are felt with the heart.", "What makes the desert beautiful,' said the little prince, 'is that somewhere it hides a well...", "You - you alone will have the stars as no one else has them...In one of the stars I shall be living. In one of them I shall be laughing. And so it will be as if all the stars were laughing, when you look at the sky at night...You - only you - will have stars that can laugh.", "Well, I must endure the presence of a few caterpillars if I wish to become acquainted with the butterflies.", "You see, one loves the sunset when one is so sad.", "You're beautiful, but you're empty...One couldn't die for you. Of course, an ordinary passerby would think my rose looked just like you. But my rose, all on her own, is more important than all of you together, since she's the one I've watered. Since she's the one I put under glass, since she's the one I sheltered behind the screen. Since she's the one for whom I killed the caterpillars (except the two or three butterflies). Since she's the one I listened to when she complained, or when she boasted, or even sometimes when she said nothing at all. Since she's my rose.", "If you love a flower that lives on a star, it is sweet to look at the sky at night. All the stars are a-bloom with flowers...", "And when your sorrow is comforted (time soothes all sorrows) you will be content that you have known me. You will always be my friend. You will want to laugh with me. And you will sometimes open your window, so, for that pleasure . . . And your friends will be properly astonished to see you laughing as you look up at the sky! Then you will say to them, 'Yes, the stars always make me laugh!' And they will think you are crazy. It will be a very shabby trick that I shall have played on you...", "You become responsible, forever, for what you have tamed.", "Of course I?ll hurt you. Of course you?ll hurt me. Of course we will hurt each other. But this is the very condition of existence. To become spring, means accepting the risk of winter. To become presence, means accepting the risk of absence.", "Where are the people?\" resumed the little prince at last. \"It?s a little lonely in the desert\" \"It is lonely when you?re among people, too,\" said the snake.", "All men have stars, but they are not the same things for different people. For some, who are travelers, the stars are guides. For others they are no more than little lights in the sky. For others, who are scholars, they are problems... But all these stars are silent. You-You alone will have stars as no one else has them... In one of the stars I shall be living. In one of them I shall be laughing. And so it will be as if all the stars will be laughing when you look at the sky at night..You, only you, will have stars that can laugh! And when your sorrow is comforted (time soothes all sorrows) you will be content that you have known me... You will always be my friend. You will want to laugh with me. And you will sometimes open your window, so, for that pleasure... It will be as if, in place of the stars, I had given you a great number of little bells that knew how to laugh", "She cast her fragrance and her radiance over me. I ought never to have run away from her... I ought to have guessed all the affection that lay behind her poor little stratagems. Flowers are so inconsistent! But I was too young to know how to love her...", "A rock pile ceases to be a rock pile the moment a single man contemplates it, bearing within him the image of a cathedral.", "I did not know how to reach him, how to catch up with him... The land of tears is so mysterious.", "I remembered the fox. One runs the risk of crying a bit if one allows oneself to be tamed.", "When someone blushes, doesn't that mean 'yes'?", "You're beautiful, but you're empty. No one could die for you.", "In those days, I didn't understand anything. I should have judged her according to her actions, not her words. She perfumed my planet and lit up my life. I should never have run away! I ought to have realized the tenderness underlying her silly pretensions. Flowers are so contradictory! But I was too young to know how to love her.", "I have lived a great deal among grown-ups. I have seen them intimately, close at hand. And that hasn?t much improved my opinion of them.", "Grown-ups love figures... When you tell them you've made a new friend they never ask you any questions about essential matters. They never say to you \"What does his voice sound like? What games does he love best? Does he collect butterflies? \" Instead they demand \"How old is he? How much does he weigh? How much money does his father make? \" Only from these figures do they think they have learned anything about him.", "The proof that the little prince existed is that he was charming, that he laughed, and that he was looking for a sheep. If anybody wants a sheep, that is a proof that he exists.", "No one is ever satisfied where he is.", "I was too young to know how to love her.", "I am who I am and I have the need to be.", "But the conceited man did not hear him. Conceited people never hear anything but praise.", "Men have no more time to understand anything. They buy things all ready made at the shops. But there is no shop anywhere where one can buy friendship, and so men have no friends any more. If you want a friend, tame me...", "For millions of years flowers have been producing thorns. For millions of years sheep have been eating them all the same. And it's not serious, trying to understand why flowers go to such trouble to produce thorns that are good for nothing? It's not important, the war between the sheep and the flowers? It's no more serious and more important than the numbers that fat red gentleman is adding up? Suppose I happen to know a unique flower, one that exists nowhere in the world except on my planet, one that a little sheep can wipe out in a single bite one morning, just like that, without even realizing what he'd doing - that isn't important? If someone loves a flower of which just one example exists among all the millions and millions of stars, that's enough to make him happy when he looks at the stars. He tells himself 'My flower's up there somewhere...' But if the sheep eats the flower, then for him it's as if, suddenly, all the stars went out. And that isn't important?", "I have always loved the desert. One sits down on a desert sand dune, sees nothing, hears nothing. Yet through the silence something throbs, and gleams...", "People have stars, but they aren't the same. For travelers, the stars are guides. For other people, they're nothing but tiny lights. And for still others, for scholars, they're problems... But all those stars are silent stars. You, though, you'll have stars like nobody else... since I'll be laughing on one of them, for you it'll be as if all the stars are laughing. You'll have stars that can laugh!... and it'll be as if I had given you, instead of stars, a lot of tiny bells that know how to laugh ...", "What does tamed mean? It's something that's been too often neglected. It means to create ties.", "The only things you learn are the things you tame", "One runs the risk of weeping a little, if one lets himself be tamed.", "You're not at all like my rose. You're nothing at all yet. No one has tamed you and you haven't tamed anyone. You're the way my fox was. He was just a fox like a hundred thousand others. But I've made him my own and now he is unique in the world.", "I ought not to have listened to her,' he confided to me one day. 'One never ought to listen to the flowers. One should simply look at them and breathe their fragrance. Mine perfumed all my planet. But I did not know how to take pleasure in all her grace.", "You will have five hundred million little bells, and I shall have five hundred million springs of fresh water...", "if you tame me, then we shall need each other. To me, you will be unique in all the world. To you, I shall be unique in all the world if you tame me, it will be as if the sun came to shine on my life. I shall know the sound of a step that will be different from all the others. Other steps send me hurrying back underneath the ground. Yours will call me, like music, out of my burrow", "If you tame me, it would be as if the sun came to shine on my life.", "Men have no more time to understand anything. They buy ready-made things in the shops. But since there are no shops where you can buy friends, men no longer have any friends.", "All grown-ups were children first. (But few remember it).", "Of course, I love you,' the flower said to him. 'If you were not aware of it, it was my fault.", "The thing that is important is the thing that is not seen.", "It is much more difficult to judge oneself than to judge others.", "You know...my flower...I'm responsible for her. And she's so weak! And so naive. She has four ridiculous thorns to defend her against the world...", "\"Ephemeral\" It means 'which is in danger of speedy disappearance.", "He fell as gently as a tree falls. There was not even any sound..", "The house, the stars, the desert -- what gives them their beauty is something that is invisible!", "\"My life is very monotonous,\" the fox said. \"I hunt chickens; men hunt me. All the chickens are just alike, and all the men are just alike. And, in consequence, I am a little bored.\"", "Sometimes, there is no harm in putting off a piece of work until another day.", "Only the children know what they are looking for.", "Grown ups never understood anything by themselves. And it is rather tedious to have to explain things to them time and again", "It is much more difficult to judge oneself than to judge others. If you succeed in judging yourself rightly, then you are a man of true wisdom.", "Words are the source of misunderstandings.", "And the little prince broke into a lovely peal of laughter, which irritated me very much. I like my misfortunes to be taken seriously.", "\"What a queer planet!\" he thought. \"It is altogether dry, and altogether pointed, and altogether harsh and forbidding. And the people have no imagination. They repeat whatever one says to them . . . On my planet I had a flower; she always was the first to speak . . .", "I know a planet where there is a certain red-faced gentleman. He has never smelled a flower. He has never looked at a star. He has never loved any one. He has never done anything in his life but add up figures. And all day he says over and over, just like you: 'I am busy with matters of consequence!' And that makes him swell up with pride. But he is not a man - he is a mushroom!", "But if you tame me, my life will be filled with sunshine. I'll know the sound of footsteps that will be different from all the rest. Others send me back underground. Yours will call me out of my burrow like music.", "I believe that for his escape he took advantage of the migration of a flock of wild birds.", "He had taken seriously words which were without importance, and it made him very unhappy.", "If you come at four in the afternoon, I'll begin to be happy by three.", "One must require from each one the duty which each one can perform. Accepted authority rests first of all on reason.", "Straight ahead you can't go very far.", "One sees clearly only with the heart. Anything essential is invisible to the eyes.", "I wonder if the stars are lit up so that each one of us can find her own star again.", "My drawing was not a picture of a hat. It was a picture of a boa constrictor digesting an elephant.", "To you I am just a fox, like a hundred thousand others, but if you tame me we shall need one another and I shall be unique to you in all the world.", "Don't linger like this. You have decided to go away. Now go!", "But I, alas, do not know how to see sheep through the walls of boxes. Perhaps I am a little like the grown-ups. I have had to grow old.", "I remembered the fox. You risk tears if you let yourself be tamed.", "Wait for a time, exactly under the star. Then, if a little man appears who laughs, who has golden hair and refuses to answer questions, you will know who he is, If this should happen, please comfort me. Send me word that he has come back.", "If I am attempting to describe him, it is in order not to forget him. It is sad to forget a friend. Not every one has had a friend.", "The thing that is important is the thing that is not seen", "Nevertheless he is the only one of them all who does not seem to me ridiculous. Perhaps that is because he is thinking of something else besides himself.", "If someone loves a flower of which just one exists among all the millions and millions of stars, that's enough to make him happy when he looks at the stars.", "If you want to build a ship, don't drum up people to collect wood and don't assign them tasks and work, but rather teach them to long for the endless immensity of the sea.", "Will you draw me a sheep?", "It's good to have a friend. Even if you're going to die.", "If you love a flower that lives on a star, then it's good at night, to look up at the sky. All the stars are blossoming."] ################## CODE STARTS HERE #Create a list of words taken from each individual word in the datalist word_list = [] for item in data_list: for word in item.split(" "): word = re.sub('^[^a-zA-z]*|[^a-zA-Z]*$','', word) #Remove punctuation word_list.append(word) word_list = sorted(list(set(word_list))) #Remove repeated words quotesDict = {} for word in word_list: quotesDict.setdefault(word,[]) #Create a dictionary with keys based on each word in the word list for key, value in quotesDict.items(): indexofquote = 0 for quote in data_list: if key in quote: quotesDict[key].append(indexofquote) #Append the index of the found quotes to the dictionary key indexofquote+=1 query=input("query: ") query = query.strip(" ").split(" ") query = list(set(query)) start_time = time.time() FoundQuotes = [] # Right now the OR search just prints out the index of the found quotes. if ("or" in query) and ("and" not in query): query.remove("or") print("Performing OR search for: ", query) for item in query: if (item in quotesDict): print("FOUND ",len(quotesDict[item]), " ", item, "QUOTES: ", quotesDict.get(item)) print("\n--- Execution ---\n", (time.time() - start_time) * 1000, "microseconds\n") else: if "and" in query: query.remove("and") if "or" in query: query.remove("or") print("Performing AND search for: ", query) for item in query: if (item in quotesDict): FoundQuotes = FoundQuotes + (quotesDict.get(item)) FoundQuotes = list(set([x for x in FoundQuotes if FoundQuotes.count(x) > 1])) for x in FoundQuotes: print(data_list[x]) print("\n--- Execution ---\n", (time.time() - start_time) * 1000, "microseconds\n") -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From braveheartmovement at yahoo.com Fri Sep 26 13:58:09 2014 From: braveheartmovement at yahoo.com (Brave Heart) Date: Fri, 26 Sep 2014 04:58:09 -0700 Subject: [Tutor] I've been trying to make this program work so i can transfer it to final user. please do have a look and see if the code can be corrected in anyway. Message-ID: <1411732689.20273.YahooMailNeo@web120904.mail.ne1.yahoo.com> Perrsonal Monney Assistance(PMA =============================== 1. ADD Record 2. MODIFY Record 3. DELETE Record 4. SHOW All 5. SHOW Summary 6. Exit Please enter your Choise (1-6): 1 ADD Record ========== (Key in '-e' to back to main menu) Key in new record .. Date : 09-09-2013 For : sh Total : EU 10 Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 602, in main_menu() File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 45, in main_menu resp_process(resp) File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 52, in resp_process add_rec() File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 115, in add_rec add_func(date, desc, amt) File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 339, in add_func os.chdir(sqlite3_path) FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified: 'C:/sqlite3/' This is my code: #******************************************************************************* # Program Name : cash.py (Personal Finance Assistance) # Version : 1.8 # Desciption : This program is menu-based program which can connect to database # and then performming addition, updating, deletion and showing # the summary. It use to record personal daily expenses. # Working in : Null # Future : Add "search" function, # Add some "Analysis Tools" # Ext. Module : sqlite3 #******************************************************************************* #imported library files import sqlite3 import re import os import time import sys #global variables sqlite3_path = ("C:/sqlite3/") database = "cash.db" # format = DD-MM-YYYY date_format = r'^([0-3][\d])([-])([0-1][\d])([-])([\d]{4})$' def main_menu(): '''Display main menu (LO)''' os.system("cls") print ("Perrsonal Monney Assistance(PMA") print ("===============================") print ("1. ADD Record") print ("2. MODIFY Record") print ("3. DELETE Record") print ("4. SHOW All") print ("5. SHOW Summary") print ("6. Exit") resp = input("Please enter your Choise (1-6): ") resp_process(resp) def resp_process(r): '''Process the response from user input (L1)''' if str(r).isdigit() == 1 and int(r) >= 0 and int(r) <= 5: if r == '1': add_rec() elif r == '2': edit_rec() elif r == '3': del_rec() elif r == '4': show_all() elif r == '5': show_summ() else: exit() else: print ("You have enter an invalid input\n") time.sleep(2) # return to main menu main_menu() def add_rec(): '''Add data to db from user input (L1)''' # get current date currDate = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y", time.localtime(time.time())) cont = 1 os.system("cls") #print function header print ("ADD Record") print ("==========") print ("(Key in '-e' to back to main menu)") while cont == 1: print ("\nKey in new record .. ") # get input for date date = input("Date : ") back_main_menu(date) if date == "": date = currDate else: while date_check(date) == 0: print ("Error! It's not a date.\n") date = raw_input("Date : ") back_main_menu(date) if date == "": date = currDate # get input for description desc = input("For : ") back_main_menu(desc) # get input for amount amt = input("Total : EU ") back_main_menu(amt) while amt_check(amt) == 0: print ("Error! It's not a money.\n") amt = raw_input("Total : EU") back_main_menu(amt) amt = "%.2f" % float(amt) # insert to sqlite add_func(date, desc, amt) resp = raw_input("Continue ? ") resp = resp.upper() if resp == 'N': cont = 0 # return to main menu main_menu() def edit_rec(): ''' Edit / Modify record in db(L1)''' os.system("cls") #print function header print ("MODIFY Record") print ("=============") print ("(Key in '-e' to back to main menu)") s_date = raw_input("Enter the DATE of record you want to modify: ") back_main_menu(s_date) col = "date" result = search_func(col, s_date) # print search result if len(result) > 0: for i in range (len(result)): dt = result[i][0] ds = result[i][1] at = result[i][2] at = ("%.2f") % float(at) print (i+1), ")", ("%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s") % ((" " * (2 - (i + len(")")))), "Date: ", dt, (" " * (20 - len(dt))), "Desc: ", ds, (" " * (25 - len(ds))), "Amount: RM", at) row = raw_input("Enter the number of row you want to modify: ") back_main_menu(row) if row.isdigit() == 1: row = int(row) if row >= 0 and row <= i+1: rowNo = int(row) - 1 last_date = result[rowNo][0] last_desc = result[rowNo][1] last_amt = result[rowNo][2] print ("Key in the new version of record") print ("(Press if no update on that field)") e_date = raw_input("NEW date: ") back_main_menu(e_date) if e_date == "": e_date = last_date e_desc = raw_input("NEW description: ") back_main_menu(e_desc) if e_desc == "": e_desc = last_desc e_amt = raw_input("NEW amount: RM ") back_main_menu(e_amt) if e_amt == "": e_amt = last_amt edit_func(e_date, e_desc, e_amt, last_date, last_desc, last_amt) else: print ("Sorry, NO data match with '", s_date, "'") # return to main menu main_menu() def del_rec(): '''Delete record from db(L1)''' os.system("cls") #print function header print ("DELETE Record") print ("=============") print ("(Key in '-e' to back to main menu)") s_date = raw_input("Enter the DATE of record you want to delete: ") back_main_menu(s_date) col = "date" result = search_func(col, s_date) # print search result if len(result) > 0: for i in range (len(result)): dt = result[i][0] ds = result[i][1] at = result[i][2] print (i+1), ")", ("%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s") % ((" " * (2 - (i + len(")")))), "Date: ", dt, (" " * (20 - len(dt))), "Desc: ", ds, (" " * (25 - len(ds))), "Amount: RM", at) row = raw_input("Enter the number of row you want to delete: ") back_main_menu(row) if row.isdigit() == 1: row = int(row) if row >= 0 and row <= i+1: rowNo = int(row) - 1 d_date = result[rowNo][0] d_desc = result[rowNo][1] d_amt = result[rowNo][2] print ("You been choosen ") print (row), ")", "Date: ", d_date, "\tDesc: ", d_desc, "\t\tAmount: ", d_amt resp = raw_input("Are you sure want to delete? (Y/N): ") resp = resp.upper() back_main_menu(resp) if resp == 'Y': delete_func(d_date, d_desc, d_amt) else: print ("Sorry, NO data match with '"), s_date, "'" # return to main menu main_menu() def show_all(): '''Get details of attribute for the records(L1)''' currDate = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y", time.localtime(time.time())) nowDate = str(currDate).split("-") month = nowDate[1] year = nowDate[2][2:] os.system("cls") print ("SHOW ALL Record") print ("===============") print ("Enter details of the record you want") print ("Press for current year or month") print ("(Key in '-e' to back to main menu)") yr = raw_input("Year (YY) : ") if yr == "": yr = year mth = raw_input("Month (MM) : ") back_main_menu(mth) if mth == "": mth = month fg = 1 else: if 1 < int(mth) <= 12: fg = 1 else: fg = 0 if fg == 1: show_all_sql(yr, mth) else: print ("Unvalid date") time.sleep(2) # return to main menu main_menu() def show_summ(): # unused function # '''Get details of attribute for the records(L1)''' currDate = time.strftime("%d-%m-%Y", time.localtime(time.time())) nowDate = str(currDate).split("-") month = nowDate[1] year = nowDate[2][2:] os.system("cls") print ("SHOW SUMMARY Record") print ("===================") print ("Enter details of the record you want") print ("Press for current year or month") print ("(Key in '-e' to back to main menu)") #yr = raw_input("Year (YYYY) : ") #if yr == "": yr = year mth = raw_input("Month (MM) : ") back_main_menu(mth) if mth == "": mth = month fg = 1 else: if 1 < int(mth) <= 12: fg = 1 else: fg = 0 if fg == 1: show_summ_sql(yr, mth) else: print ("Unvalid date") time.sleep(2) # return to main menu main_menu() def exit(): '''Exit from the program(L1)''' os.system("cls") print ("Thank you for using PMA v1.8") print ("Closing Connections & Programs... ") time.sleep(1) print ("Good Bye\n") print ("another Highman (edition) program") time.sleep(2) sys.exit() def add_func(dt, ds, at): '''Insert data into db(L2)''' sql_insert = """ INSERT INTO expenses (date, desc, amount) VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s') """ % (dt, ds, at) os.chdir(sqlite3_path) # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") +str(errmsg) # insert data into table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute(sql_insert) cx.commit() except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() def search_func(field, key): '''Search Function (L2)''' data = [] os.chdir(sqlite_path) # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlit.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") +str(errmsg) # select data from table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute(""" SELECT * FROM expenses""" + ' WHERE ("' +str(field)+ '") like ("' '%'+str(key)+'%' '")' ) data = cu.fetchall() cx.commit() except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() return data def edit_func(new_date, new_desc, new_amt, old_date, old_desc, old_amt): '''Edit / Update function (L2)''' os.chdir(sqlite_path) # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") +str(errmsg) # select data from table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute(""" UPDATE expenses """ + ' SET date = ("' +str(new_date)+ '"), desc = ("' +str(new_desc)+ '"), amount = ("' +str(new_amt)+ '") WHERE date = ("' +str(old_date)+ '") AND desc = ("' +str(old_desc)+ '") AND amount = ("' +str(old_amt)+ '") ') cx.commit() print ("Update Complete.") except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() def delete_func(del_date, del_desc, del_amt): '''Delete Function (L2)''' os.chdir(sqlite_path) # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlit.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") +str(errmsg) # select data from table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute(""" DELETE FROM expenses """ + ' WHERE date = ("' +str(del_date)+ '") AND desc = ("' +str(del_desc)+ '") AND amount = ("' +str(del_amt)+ '") ') cx.commit() print ("The record of ") print (del_date, del_desc, del_amt,) (" been Deleted.") main_menu() except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() def show_all_sql(y, m): '''Display the all of records(L2)''' j = -1 os.chdir(sqlite_path) os.system("cls") # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") + str(errmsg) # select data from table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute("""SELECT * from expenses""" + ' WHERE date like ("' '%-'+str(m)+'-%'+str(y)+ '") ORDER BY date') summ = cu.fetchall() cu.execute("""SELECT date, sum(amount) from expenses """ + ' WHERE date like ("' '%-'+str(m)+'-%'+str(y)+ '") GROUP BY date ') dailySum = cu.fetchall() cu.execute("""SELECT SUM(amount) from expenses""" + ' WHERE date like ("' '%-'+str(m)+'-%'+str(y)+ '")' ) total = cu.fetchone() cx.commit() except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() if len(summ) > 0: # print function header print ("\nFull Records for"), m, "/", y print ("===========================") # print the report print ("Date"), ('%s%s%s%s') % ((" " * (20 - len("Date"))), "Desc", (" " * (28 - len("Desc"))), "Total(RM)") print ("===="), ('%s%s%s%s') % ((" " * (20 - len("===="))), "====", (" " * (28 - len("===="))), "=========") for i in range(0, len(summ)): date = summ[i][0] desc = summ[i][1] amt = "%6.2f" % float(summ[i][2]) if date != summ[i-1][0]: # print daily subtotal if j > -1: dailyTot = "%6.2f" % float(dailySum[j][1]) print ('%s%s') % (" " * 49, "--------") print ('%s%s%s%s') % (" " * 49, "RM", dailyTot, "\n") j += 1 #print daily expenses print (date), ('%s%s%s%s') %((" " * (20 - len(date))), desc, (" " * (30 - len(desc))), amt) # print daily subtotal (for the current day) dailyTot = "%6.2f" % float(dailySum[j][1]) print ('%s%s') % (" " * 49, "--------") print ('%s%s%s%s') % (" " * 49, "RM", dailyTot, "\n") #print total of month tot = "%6.2f" % float(total[0]) print ("==========================================================") print ("Grant total until", date, "\t\t\t RM", tot) wait = raw_input("\nPress to continue") else: print ("No data for Month "), m, "\n" wait = raw_input("Press to continue") # return to main menu main_menu() def show_summ_sql(y, m): # unused function # '''Display the summary of records(L2)''' os.system("cls") os.chdir(sqlite_path) # open connection to database try: cx = sqlite.connect(database) except sqlit.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not open ") + str(errmsg) # insert data into table try: cu = cx.cursor() cu.execute("""SELECT date, sum(amount) from expenses """ + ' WHERE date like ("' '%-'+str(m)+'-%'+str(y)+ '") GROUP BY date ') summ = cu.fetchall() cu.execute("""SELECT SUM(amount) from expenses""" + ' WHERE date like ("' '%-'+str(m)+'-%'+str(y)+ '")') total = cu.fetchone() cx.commit() except sqlite.Error(errmsg): print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) # close connection cx.close() if len(summ) > 0: # print function header print ("\nDaily Based Summary for"), m, "/", y print ("=================================") # print the report for i in range(len(summ)): date = summ[i][0] amt = "%6.2f" % float(summ[i][1]) print ("Date: "), date, "\t Total: EU", amt tot = "%6.2f" % float(total[0]) print ("===========================================") print ("Grant total until"), date, " EU", tot wait = raw_input("Press to continue") else: print ("No data for month "), m, ", year", y, "\n" wait = raw_input("Press to continue") # return to main menu main_menu() def date_check(data): '''Data validation for date''' if re.match(date_format, data) != None: return 1 return 0 def amt_check(data): '''Check the data is in the form of money or not''' # format = 123.45 data = str(data) if data.isdigit(): return 1 else: try: new = "%.2f" % float(data) return 1 except: return 0 def back_main_menu(data): '''Check input data for requist back to main menu (L3)''' data = data.upper() if data == "-E": main_menu() if __name__ == '__main__': main_menu() -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From gregory.karakeussian at gmail.com Sat Sep 27 21:32:23 2014 From: gregory.karakeussian at gmail.com (Gregory Karakeussian) Date: Sat, 27 Sep 2014 15:32:23 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Problem with pythonw.exe Message-ID: <027201cfda89$c4780b50$4d6821f0$@gmail.com> Hi there, My antivirus has uninstalled pythonw.exe by mistake and now I can`t fix it, deinstall it, reinstall it, I'm stuck.. is there a solution? thanks -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From madeleine.austen at cvcweb.net Sun Sep 28 17:26:33 2014 From: madeleine.austen at cvcweb.net (Madeleine Austen) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 16:26:33 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] python code error Message-ID: Hi Here is my code: from datetime import datetime timeStart = datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S') numberPlates = 0 print("There has been {0} number plates since {1}".format (numberPlates, timeStart)) speedLimit = 25 distance = 1 class NumberPlates: """A class that holds information from sensor for ANPR system""" distance = 1 def __init__(self, name, enter, exit): self.number = name self.enter = enter self.exit = exit def speed(self): distance = 1 time = exit - enter speed = distance/time print(speed) one = NumberPlates("lemon", 1030, 1050) one.speed() It says there are no arguements Thanks Madeleine -- *Madeleine Austen* *11L* -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From martin.cool at live.se Wed Sep 24 08:07:17 2014 From: martin.cool at live.se (=?iso-8859-1?B?TWFydGluIFNr5XJlYnk=?=) Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2014 08:07:17 +0200 Subject: [Tutor] Trouble with making a chart Message-ID: Hello!So i'm having trouble with a task i got from my teacher in a book. I'm supposed to create a chart which shows the converted numbers between Celsius and Fahrenheit. They want the Celsius to range from 40 to -40. I also get to know that Fahrenheit = 32+celsius*9/5. Now I managed to write the number 40 to -40 from top to bottom. But i'm having trouble converting celsius to fahrenheit and printing it at the same time on the side of celsius. The chart should look something like this:Fahrenheit to Celsius=================Celsius Fahrenheit40 10439 102,238 100,437 98,6etc. etc.My current code is: print("Fahrenheit to Celsius")print("=======================")print("Celsius\t Fahrenheit")for f in range(40,-41,-1): print(f)for c in range(104,-41,-1): print(32 + c * 9 / 5)Now this makes the numbers for Fahrenheit to just add below celsius. How do I make them go to the other side under the text Fahrenheit? I'm doing this in iPython Notebook. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From mvg_gautam at yahoo.com Sun Sep 28 11:32:26 2014 From: mvg_gautam at yahoo.com (m.v gautam) Date: Sun, 28 Sep 2014 17:32:26 +0800 Subject: [Tutor] Python Serial Communication Message-ID: <1411896746.31608.YahooMailNeo@web190104.mail.sg3.yahoo.com> Hi, I am trying out serial communication between raspberry pi and atmega 32 using pyserial module . I have tried serial communication between two atmega and it is working. But when I try it rpi and atmega I get blank lines as output. My python code is import serial ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyAMA0',38400,timeout = 10) while True: print "try" val = ser.read(10) print val Output: try try. There is a blank line being printed every time in place of val. The logic level conversion between atmega and rpi has been done perfectly.Can you tell me why 'val' is being printed as blank value. Thanks in advance. Gautam Venkata, SolarMobil. -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From pathunstrom at gmail.com Mon Sep 22 22:10:13 2014 From: pathunstrom at gmail.com (Patrick Thunstrom) Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 16:10:13 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] Python advice about API, JSON In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On Mon, Sep 22, 2014 at 4:01 PM, Juan Christian wrote: > I'm trying to make my script the more pythonic possible. How would a good > approach regarding external API and json be? I don't think dealing with a specific API is actually appropriate for this list. I'll try to answer the general elements. > I'm calling this API (http://docs.themoviedb.apiary.io/) using 'requests'. > The thing is that I need to do a bunch of different calls to the API: > > - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/person << Receive ID and return person info > - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/tv << Receive ID and return serie info > - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/movie << Receive ID and return movie info > - http://api.themoviedb.org/3/search << Receive "Name of person or serie or > movie" and return ID > > I have the following structures: > > - {query}/{type}?api_key={key}&query={person or tv or movie} > - {query}/{id}?api_key={key} > - {query}/{id}/credits?api_key={key} > - {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}?api_key={key} > - {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}/episode/{episode_number}?api_key={key} > - > {query}/{id}/season/{season_numer}/episode/{episode_number}/credits?api_key={key} > > > I'm thinking about creating a class 'API' and have all these URLs and > structures there. The thing is that I need to pass my API_KEY and this key > will be used for everything, so I just need to pass it once, how can I do > that? Yes, I know about class attributes, but the thing is that I will call > this class 'API' from different classes and I'll need to instantiate a API > obj in each of them, is it a good approach? Inside this 'API' class I would > have a __init__ that would receive an API_KEY and different methods, each > for a type of query (person, tv, movie, search, credits). First question: Why do you need multiple versions of this theoretical class floating around? Perhaps if you wrote a single module api that handles interactions with the API, you can then import that module into any other module that will use the API, and you only have to write all of this once. > Maybe my explanation is a bit confusing but I hope you guys understood, > anyway, you can ask for more information if needed! > > And another thing, What's better, a single module with multiple classes > (total lines: ~110) or multiple modules with 1-3 classes (correlated, like > class serie, season and episode in the same module, and class person and > character in the same module) each? I personally prefer multiple modules, though it absolutely depends on the demands of the project. From wdaltonarnold at gmail.com Mon Sep 22 17:16:29 2014 From: wdaltonarnold at gmail.com (itsthewendigo1111 .) Date: Mon, 22 Sep 2014 11:16:29 -0400 Subject: [Tutor] code help Message-ID: I'm taking an online intro to programing class unfortunately the teacher has not be very helpful. well this is the assignment http://burtondsc.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/84469141/Assignment03.pdf and here is my code so far from tkinter import* master = Tk(); canvas = Canvas(master, width = simpledialog.askinteger("Canvas size", "Enter width of canvas")) canvas = Canvas(master, height = simpledialog.askinteger("Canvas size", "Enter height of canvas")) canvas = Canvas(master, background = simpledialog.askstring("Canvas color", "Enter color for canvas")) canvas.pack() s1 = canvas.create_rectangle(150,300,450,150, width = simpledialog.askinteger('Square size', "Enter side length of square")) s1 = simpledialog.askstring("Square color","Enter color for the square") I'm having trouble with the "width = simpledialog.askinteger". width almost makes like a border and not resize the square. I have tried using size,length, len, scale, but nothing seems to work. I'm also having trouble with getting the square to change color. If u guys could offer any help I would really appreciate it -------------- next part -------------- An HTML attachment was scrubbed... URL: From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 13:07:58 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 12:07:58 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Back from vacation Message-ID: I'm just home from vacation and have flushed the moderation queue so there might be some out of date or repeat messages appearing out of sequence. Apologies, but normal service should now be resumed. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 13:51:20 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 12:51:20 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] List and dictionary comprehensions In-Reply-To: References: Message-ID: On 28/09/14 03:36, Armindo Rodrigues wrote: > have noted the beginning and end of the quotes list so you can easily skip > and go straight to the code section. *** It would probably have been better to just delete all but a nfew of the quotes. We don't need all of them to evaluate your code. > import re > from datetime import datetime > import time > > > ################### DATA LIST STARTS HERE > > data_list=["And now here is my secret, a very simple secret: It is only > with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to > the eye.", > "All grown-ups were once children... but only few of them remember it.", ... > "If you love a flower that lives on a star, then it's good at night, to > look up at the sky. All the stars are blossoming."] > > > ################## CODE STARTS HERE > > #Create a list of words taken from each individual word in the datalist > word_list = [] > for item in data_list: > for word in item.split(" "): > word = re.sub('^[^a-zA-z]*|[^a-zA-Z]*$','', word) word.strip() would be better here. You can specify a string of chars to be stripped if its not only whitespace. Consider regular expressions as a weapon of last resort. > word_list.append(word) > word_list = sorted(list(set(word_list))) #Remove repeated words You don't need to convert the set into a list. sorted() works with sets too. > quotesDict = {} > for word in word_list: > quotesDict.setdefault(word,[]) #Create a dictionary with keys based on > each word in the word list By putting the words in the dictionary you lose the sorting you did above. So the sorting was a waste of time. > for key, value in quotesDict.items(): > indexofquote = 0 > for quote in data_list: You should use enumerate for this. It will automatically give you the index and quote and be less error prone than maintaining the index yourself. > if key in quote: > quotesDict[key].append(indexofquote) #Append the index of the > found quotes to the dictionary key > indexofquote+=1 > > query=input("query: ") > query = query.strip(" ").split(" ") > query = list(set(query)) > I don;t think you need the conversion to list here either. You can just use the set. > start_time = time.time() > > FoundQuotes = [] > > # Right now the OR search just prints out the index of the found quotes. > if ("or" in query) and ("and" not in query): The logic here can be simplified by testing for 'and' first if 'and' in query remove 'or' process and elif 'or' in query process 'or' else process simple query > query.remove("or") > print("Performing OR search for: ", query) > for item in query: > if (item in quotesDict): > print("FOUND ",len(quotesDict[item]), " ", item, "QUOTES: ", > quotesDict.get(item)) > print("\n--- Execution ---\n", (time.time() - start_time) * 1000, > "microseconds\n") > > else: > if "and" in query: > query.remove("and") > if "or" in query: > query.remove("or") > print("Performing AND search for: ", query) This looks wrong. What about the case where neither and/or are in the query? > for item in query: > if (item in quotesDict): > FoundQuotes = FoundQuotes + (quotesDict.get(item)) > FoundQuotes = list(set([x for x in FoundQuotes if FoundQuotes.count(x) >> 1])) This doesn't look right either. Foundquotes is a list of indexes. The comprehension builds a list of all the indexes that appear more than once - what about a quote that was only found once? It then eliminates all the duplicates(set()) and returns it back to a list(why not leave it as a set?) I'd have expected a simple conversion of FoundQuotes to a set would be what you wanted. > for x in FoundQuotes: > print(data_list[x]) > print("\n--- Execution ---\n", (time.time() - start_time) * 1000, > "microseconds\n") The other problem is that you are serching the dictionary several times, thus losing some of the speed advantage of using a dictionary. You would get more benefit from the dictionary if you adopt a try/except approach and just access the key directly. So, instead of: > for item in query: > if (item in quotesDict): > FoundQuotes = FoundQuotes + (quotesDict.get(item)) for item in query: try: FoundQuotes = FoundQuotes + quotesDict[item] except KeyError: pass Or better still use the default value of get: for item in query: FoundQuotes = FoundQuotes + quotesDict.get(item,[]) There are a few other things that could be tidied up but that should give you something to get started with. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 13:52:51 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 12:52:51 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Problem with pythonw.exe In-Reply-To: <027201cfda89$c4780b50$4d6821f0$@gmail.com> References: <027201cfda89$c4780b50$4d6821f0$@gmail.com> Message-ID: On 27/09/14 20:32, Gregory Karakeussian wrote: > My antivirus has uninstalled pythonw.exe by mistake and now I can`t fix it, > deinstall it, reinstall it, I'm stuck.. is there a solution? What happens when you try to reinstall? Turn off the antivirus before doing so of course. Maybe get a new antivirus program too? -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 13:58:09 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 12:58:09 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Python Serial Communication In-Reply-To: <1411896746.31608.YahooMailNeo@web190104.mail.sg3.yahoo.com> References: <1411896746.31608.YahooMailNeo@web190104.mail.sg3.yahoo.com> Message-ID: On 28/09/14 10:32, m.v gautam wrote: > import serial > ser = serial.Serial('/dev/ttyAMA0',38400,timeout = 10) > while True: > print "try" > val = ser.read(10) > print val > There is a blank line being printed every time in place of val. How do you know that val is not a blank line? Remember that a blank line is not necessarily empty, it might be full of unprintable characters. Try this instead: while True: print "try" val = ser.read(10) print 'len: ', len(val) for char in val: print ord(char) That will tell you ow many characters you actually read and what character values are being read. You might find you have and end of file in there or similar. > The logic level conversion between atmega and rpi has been done perfectly. That's a very bold claim. Very little is ever perfect in programming. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 14:08:46 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 13:08:46 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] I've been trying to make this program work so i can transfer it to final user. please do have a look and see if the code can be corrected in anyway. In-Reply-To: <1411732689.20273.YahooMailNeo@web120904.mail.ne1.yahoo.com> References: <1411732689.20273.YahooMailNeo@web120904.mail.ne1.yahoo.com> Message-ID: On 26/09/14 12:58, Brave Heart wrote: > File "C:/Python34/cash.py", line 339, in add_func > os.chdir(sqlite3_path) > FileNotFoundError: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified: 'C:/sqlite3/' I assume you have checked that the folder exists? and that you (ie. the user running the program) have permission to go there? > def add_func(dt, ds, at): > '''Insert data into db(L2)''' > sql_insert = """ > INSERT INTO expenses (date, desc, amount) > VALUES ('%s', '%s', '%s') > """ % (dt, ds, at) > > os.chdir(sqlite3_path) > > # open connection to database > try: > cx = sqlite.connect(database) > except sqlite.Error(errmsg): > print ("Can not open ") +str(errmsg) > > # insert data into table > try: > cu = cx.cursor() > cu.execute(sql_insert) > cx.commit() > except sqlite.Error(errmsg): > print ("Can not execute: ") +str(errmsg) > > # close connection > cx.close() BTW Its probably better to set the database to the full path rather than change into the folder for every access of the database. In fact I usually just open the database once at the start of my program. The data functions then only need to create a cursor (in fact I often keep the cursor open too!). That reduces the work in each function and the duplication of code although you could put the open and cursor code into a function called by the other data functions - that would help with maintenance in future. -- Alan G Author of the Learn to Program web site http://www.alan-g.me.uk/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos From alan.gauld at btinternet.com Mon Sep 29 14:19:06 2014 From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld) Date: Mon, 29 Sep 2014 13:19:06 +0100 Subject: [Tutor] Trouble with making a chart In-Reply-To: References: