From it.iswill at yahoo.com  Mon Dec  1 10:07:08 2014
From: it.iswill at yahoo.com (William Becerra)
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2014 09:07:08 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [Tutor] Trouble creating a pygame.font.SysFont,
 was Re: (no subject)
In-Reply-To: <m5chqo$e54$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <m5chqo$e54$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <1471831087.3495603.1417424828980.JavaMail.yahoo@jws11171.mail.ir2.yahoo.com>

It seems I forgot to write pygame.init()?Thank you guys for your time it is much appreciated.?
 

     On Saturday, 29 November 2014, 15:31, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote:
   

 William wrote:

Hello William; please provide a meaningful subject line so that your readers 
get a hint whether your question is in their area of expertise.


> Hello there I'm using Python? 3.4 running on Ubuntu 14.04LTS
> I'm new to programming and also new to linux
> I'm trying to learn the pygame library
> I was reading :
> 
> 
http://programarcadegames.com/index.php?chapter=introduction_to_graphics&lang=en#section_5
> 
> On the section on how to draw text the writer has the following code
> |
> font ||=||pygame.font.SysFont(||'Calibri'||, ||25||, ||True||, ||False||)|
> |text ||=||font.render(||"My text"||,||True||,BLACK)
> ||screen.blit(text, [||250||, ||250||])

That is very hard to read. If you have to post Python code please do it in 
plain text without those funny "|". Thank you.

> When I run the code using the IDLE the Python shell gives me the
> following error
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "/home/william/Desktop/Pygame/Python 3X/Drawing_Shapes.py", line
> 48, in <module>
> font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
> File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 614, in SysFont
> return constructor(fontname, size, set_bold, set_italic)
> File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 537, in font_constructor
> font = pygame.font.Font(fontpath, size)
> pygame.error: font not initialized
> 
> 
> I think the problem is that the fonts in Ubuntu are probably stored in a
> different
> location than in Windows OS.And therefore python can not find it using
> the SysFont
> method
> Can anyone give me any suggestion on how to edit the code so that I can
> write text
> on my graphics?

Quoting the page you link to:

"""
The first code a Pygame program needs to do is load and initialize the 
Pygame library. Every program that uses Pygame should start with these 
lines:

Importing and initializing Pygame
# Import a library of functions called 'pygame'
import pygame
# Initialize the game engine
pygame.init()
"""

Did you follow that advice? If you did and your script is reasonably short 
please post it here so that we can have a look or try to run it ourselves.

_______________________________________________
Tutor maillist? -? Tutor at python.org
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From niyanaxx95 at gmail.com  Mon Dec  1 02:01:32 2014
From: niyanaxx95 at gmail.com (niyanaxx95 at gmail.com)
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2014 01:01:32 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] =?utf-8?q?Sets_Python?=
Message-ID: <547bbf1d.91268c0a.220f.3741@mx.google.com>

I am not understanding how I am supposed to do the highlighted things on the problem statement. If someone could please direct me on the steps to go about doing what is highlighted.  Have do I read each command, by making the program read each line?? How do I add the invalid commands into a set? When printing the command is invalid, do I simply do as I did with the valid commands print?


Problem Statement: 
We are going to write a program that reads an input file of commands (Commands.txt) to Arnold the Robot.

The four valid command are:

Up


Down


Left 


Right 


After you read each command, make sure it is valid (included in the set of valid commands).

If the command is valid, print ?Valid command entered, the command was:? and the command.

If the command is invalid, print ?Invalid command entered, the command was:? and the command.

If the command is invalid, add it to a set of invalid commands.

Keep a count of:

The total number of commands read


The total number of valid commands read


The total number of invalid commands read


After all of the commands have been read:

Print the total number of commands read


Print the total number of valid commands read


Print the total number of invalid commands read


Print the number of unique invalid commands read


Print the set of invalid commands.


The format of the input files is:

Each line in the file contains a command, not all command are valid





My Code So Far:

def main() : 
   # Define main variables
       leftCount = 0
       rightCount = 0
       upCount = 0
       downCount = 0
       commandCount = 0
       invalidCommands = 0   
       command = ("left", "right", "up", "down")
       numUnique = 0
       numInvalid = 0
       invalidCommands = set()
       
       filename = input("Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): ") 
       if len(filename) == 0 : 
              filename = "Commands.txt" 
       inputFile = open(filename, "r")
       
       
       command = input("Please enter a command for Arnold: ")
       if command in command :
                     commandCount = commandCount + 1
                     print("The total amount of commands: ", commandCount)
       if command == "up" :
                     upCount = upCount + 1
                     print("Valid command entered, the command was: up")
       elif command == "down" :
                     downCount = downCount + 1
                     print("Valid command entered, the command was: down")
       elif command == "left" :
              leftCount = leftCount + 1
              print("Valid command entered, the command was: left")
       elif command == "right" :
              rightCount = rightCount + 1
              print("Valid command entered, the command was: right")
       else :
              print("Invalid command entered, the command entered was: ", command)
              numInvalid = numInvalid + 1
              if not command in invalidCommands :
                     numUnique = numUnique + 1
              invalidCommands.add(command)       
   
       
      
                
       
       for line in inputFile :
              theWords = line.split()
              for word in theWords :
                     cleaned = clean(word)
              if cleaned != "" :
                     numUnique.append(cleaned) 
       print("The file contains", len(numUnique), "unique words.") 
       


# Cleans a string by making letters lowercase and removing characters that are not letters
#  @param string the string to be cleaned 
#  @return the cleaned string 
def clean(string) : 
       result = "" 
       for char in string : 
              if char.isalpha() : 
                     result = result + char 
                     return result.lower() 





# Start the program. 
main()



What Happens When Ran:

3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)]
Python Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
[evaluate CommandsDraft.py]
Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): Commands.txt
Please enter a command for Arnold: dawn
The total amount of commands:  1
Invalid
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 70, in <module>
  File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 52, in main
builtins.AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'append'
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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  1 12:07:48 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 01 Dec 2014 11:07:48 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Sets Python
In-Reply-To: <547bbf1d.91268c0a.220f.3741@mx.google.com>
References: <547bbf1d.91268c0a.220f.3741@mx.google.com>
Message-ID: <m5hi64$dg9$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 01/12/14 01:01, niyanaxx95 at gmail.com wrote:
>  Have do I read each command, by making the program read each line??

Yes, each line of the file contains one command.
read the file line by line.
Do you know how to do that?

> How do I add the invalid commands into a set?

Do you know how to create and use sets in Python?
This exercise seems to be based on using sets so I would expect your 
teacher/tutorial to have explained sets before setting the problem.

>  When printing the command is invalid, do I simply do as I
>  did with the valid commands print?

You just use the print function as usual.

> Problem Statement:
>
> We are going to write a program that reads an input file of commands
> (Commands.txt) to Arnold the Robot.
>
> The four valid command are:
>     Up
>     Down
>     Left
>     Right

You need to store these four strings in a set.

> After you read each command, make sure it is valid (included in the
> */set/*of valid commands).

Then check the input from the file against the contents of your set.

> If the command is valid, print ?Valid command entered, the command was:?
> and the command.
> If the command is invalid, print ?Invalid command entered, the command
> was:? and the command.

Use an if/else statement to print the valid or invalid result.


> If the command is invalid, add it to a */set/*of invalid commands.

And if its invalid add the new command to a new set of invalid commands, 
which starts out empty.

> Keep a count of:
>     The total number of commands read
>     The total number of valid commands read
>     The total number of invalid commands read

You will need counters for these and increment them after each command.

> After all of the commands have been read:
>     Print the total number of commands read
>     Print the total number of valid commands read
>     Print the total number of invalid commands read

These are just the counters above

>     Print the number of unique invalid commands read
>     Print the set of invalid commands.

This is just the size of the invalid set and the members of that set.

> def main() :
>     # Define main variables
>         leftCount = 0
>         rightCount = 0
>         upCount = 0
>         downCount = 0

You aren't asked to count each individual command just the total of 
valid commands so you could simplify this by having one variable instead 
of 4.

>         commandCount = 0
>         invalidCommands = 0
>         command = ("left", "right", "up", "down")

This is not a set. You were asked to use a set.

>         numUnique = 0
>         numInvalid = 0

You already have invalidCommands what is the purpose
of this new variable?

>         invalidCommands = set()

Is it because this wipes out the original variable?

>         filename = input("Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): ")
>         if len(filename) == 0 :
>                filename = "Commands.txt"
>         inputFile = open(filename, "r")

So far so good.

>         command = input("Please enter a command for Arnold: ")

But this is wrong. The commands are in the file so you need to loop over 
the file reading and processing each line.


>         if command in command :

Here you are trying to use two variables with the same name - that won;t 
work.
You need to rename your set of valid commands - to validCommands maybe?

>                       commandCount = commandCount + 1
>                       print("The total amount of commands: ", commandCount)

You only need to print the totals at the end.
But you are supposed to print a message:

 > If the command is valid,
 > print ?Valid command entered, the command was:?
 > and the command.

In programming it is important to stick to the specification you have 
been given and not try to interpret the problem in your own way.

>         if command == "up" :
>                       upCount = upCount + 1
>                       print("Valid command entered, the command was: up")
>         elif command == "down" :
>                       downCount = downCount + 1
>                       print("Valid command entered, the command was: down")
>         elif command == "left" :
>                leftCount = leftCount + 1
>                print("Valid command entered, the command was: left")
>         elif command == "right" :
>                rightCount = rightCount + 1
>                print("Valid command entered, the command was: right")

This is OK but its more complicated than it needs to be to meet the 
specification.

>         else :
>                print("Invalid command entered, the command entered was:
> ", command)
>                numInvalid = numInvalid + 1
>                if not command in invalidCommands :
>                       numUnique = numUnique + 1
>                invalidCommands.add(command)

Again this looks ok.

>         for line in inputFile :
>                theWords = line.split()
>                for word in theWords :
>                       cleaned = clean(word)
>                if cleaned != "" :
>                       numUnique.append(cleaned)
>         print("The file contains", len(numUnique), "unique words.")

This is all a bit odd. Its not clear what purpose it brings.
It is almost what you should be doing at the top of your
function to read the commands from the file.

But it all looks a bit like overkill for this task.
I'd just use something like:

for line in inputFile:
     command = line.strip().lowercase()

All the cleaning stuff isn't really relevant since you should be testing 
for valid input in your if/else code above.

> Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): Commands.txt
> Please enter a command for Arnold: dawn
> The total amount of commands:  1
> Invalid
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>    File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101
> 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 70, in <module>
>    File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101
> 5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 52, in main
> builtins.AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'append'

That's because in the file reading bit, at the end, you have

numUnique.append

but numUnique is an integer. You can't append to integers.

But that whole section is too complex and in the wrong place.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From ljetibo at gmail.com  Mon Dec  1 13:15:00 2014
From: ljetibo at gmail.com (=?ISO-8859-2?Q?Dino_Bekte=B9evi=E6?=)
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2014 13:15:00 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] Sets PythonTutor Digest, Vol 130, Issue 1
Message-ID: <CAMGeA2XxYXoJsDNifbavUdD6xUXeYjo9_fAfqTMwqPCmH=vS7A@mail.gmail.com>

Hey,

>        invalidCommands = 0
>        command = ("left", "right", "up", "down")
>        numUnique = 0
>        numInvalid = 0
>        invalidCommands = set()

It seems you have defined invalidCommads as borh of int type and a set
type.

Also a nice trick for multiple options in the future is:
If command is in ("up","down","left","right"):
    print command

Of course thos wont worj now vecause yoy have ti keep track of tge
counters, but I personaly like it and find it usefull.

Good luck,
Dino

> Message: 2
> Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2014 01:01:32 +0000
> From: <niyanaxx95 at gmail.com>
> To: "=?utf-8?Q?tutor at python.org?=" <tutor at python.org>
> Subject: [Tutor] Sets Python
> Message-ID: <547bbf1d.91268c0a.220f.3741 at mx.google.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> I am not understanding how I am supposed to do the highlighted things on
the problem statement. If someone could please direct me on the steps to go
about doing what is highlighted.  Have do I read each command, by making
the program read each line?? How do I add the invalid commands into a set?
When printing the command is invalid, do I simply do as I did with the
valid commands print?
>
>
> Problem Statement:
> We are going to write a program that reads an input file of commands
(Commands.txt) to Arnold the Robot.
>
> The four valid command are:
>
> Up
>
>
> Down
>
>
> Left
>
>
> Right
>
>
> After you read each command, make sure it is valid (included in the set
of valid commands).
>
> If the command is valid, print ?Valid command entered, the command was:?
and the command.
>
> If the command is invalid, print ?Invalid command entered, the command
was:? and the command.
>
> If the command is invalid, add it to a set of invalid commands.
>
> Keep a count of:
>
> The total number of commands read
>
>
> The total number of valid commands read
>
>
> The total number of invalid commands read
>
>
> After all of the commands have been read:
>
> Print the total number of commands read
>
>
> Print the total number of valid commands read
>
>
> Print the total number of invalid commands read
>
>
> Print the number of unique invalid commands read
>
>
> Print the set of invalid commands.
>
>
> The format of the input files is:
>
> Each line in the file contains a command, not all command are valid
>
>
>
>
>
> My Code So Far:
>
> def main() :
>    # Define main variables
>        leftCount = 0
>        rightCount = 0
>        upCount = 0
>        downCount = 0
>        commandCount = 0
>        invalidCommands = 0
>        command = ("left", "right", "up", "down")
>        numUnique = 0
>        numInvalid = 0
>        invalidCommands = set()
>
>        filename = input("Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): ")
>        if len(filename) == 0 :
>               filename = "Commands.txt"
>        inputFile = open(filename, "r")
>
>
>        command = input("Please enter a command for Arnold: ")
>        if command in command :
>                      commandCount = commandCount + 1
>                      print("The total amount of commands: ", commandCount)
>        if command == "up" :
>                      upCount = upCount + 1
>                      print("Valid command entered, the command was: up")
>        elif command == "down" :
>                      downCount = downCount + 1
>                      print("Valid command entered, the command was: down")
>        elif command == "left" :
>               leftCount = leftCount + 1
>               print("Valid command entered, the command was: left")
>        elif command == "right" :
>               rightCount = rightCount + 1
>               print("Valid command entered, the command was: right")
>        else :
>               print("Invalid command entered, the command entered was: ",
command)
>               numInvalid = numInvalid + 1
>               if not command in invalidCommands :
>                      numUnique = numUnique + 1
>               invalidCommands.add(command)
>
>
>
>
>
>        for line in inputFile :
>               theWords = line.split()
>               for word in theWords :
>                      cleaned = clean(word)
>               if cleaned != "" :
>                      numUnique.append(cleaned)
>        print("The file contains", len(numUnique), "unique words.")
>
>
>
> # Cleans a string by making letters lowercase and removing characters
that are not letters
> #  @param string the string to be cleaned
> #  @return the cleaned string
> def clean(string) :
>        result = ""
>        for char in string :
>               if char.isalpha() :
>                      result = result + char
>                      return result.lower()
>
>
>
>
>
> # Start the program.
> main()
>
>
>
> What Happens When Ran:
>
> 3.4.1 (v3.4.1:c0e311e010fc, May 18 2014, 10:38:22) [MSC v.1600 32 bit
(Intel)]
> Python Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more
information.
> [evaluate CommandsDraft.py]
> Enter filename (default: Commands.txt): Commands.txt
> Please enter a command for Arnold: dawn
> The total amount of commands:  1
> Invalid
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101
5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 70, in <module>
>   File "C:\Program Files (x86)\Wing IDE 101
5.0\src\debug\tserver\_sandbox.py", line 52, in main
> builtins.AttributeError: 'int' object has no attribute 'append'
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>
> Subject: Digest Footer
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
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From mydayfabu at gmail.com  Mon Dec  1 15:30:29 2014
From: mydayfabu at gmail.com (fabu desay)
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2014 15:30:29 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] Pygame fonts not been initialised
Message-ID: <CAB7x+Y8Eq9i9nt_EKiiJ28BBFRg+faxnHZUg9PtTKKsBDPZr8g@mail.gmail.com>

If you still don't have a solution I suggest using the default font for
pygame
freesansbold.tiff it is located in the python library files just search for
it in the python-pygame directory.
I think your code fails because it does not pick the font you wanted hence
not initialised.

Below is a sample code of a font been used from a file you can equally
download fonts from google fonts
fontObj = pygame.font.Font("freesansbold.ttf", 40)
fontObj is our object been initialised.
Hope it helps

On Sun, Nov 30, 2014 at 12:00 PM, <tutor-request at python.org> wrote:

> Send Tutor mailing list submissions to
>         tutor at python.org
>
> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
>         https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
>         tutor-request at python.org
>
> You can reach the person managing the list at
>         tutor-owner at python.org
>
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of Tutor digest..."
>
>
> Today's Topics:
>
>    1. (no subject) (William)
>    2. Trouble creating a pygame.font.SysFont, was Re: (no subject)
>       (Peter Otten)
>    3. Re: (no subject) (Danny Yoo)
>    4. Re: (no subject) (Japhy Bartlett)
>
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> Message: 1
> Date: Sat, 29 Nov 2014 11:31:57 +0200
> From: William <it.iswill at yahoo.com>
> To: tutor at python.org
> Subject: [Tutor] (no subject)
> Message-ID: <5479928D.9000009 at yahoo.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8; format=flowed
>
> Hello there I'm using Python  3.4 running on Ubuntu 14.04LTS
> I'm new to programming and also new to linux
> I'm trying to learn the pygame library
> I was reading :
>
>
> http://programarcadegames.com/index.php?chapter=introduction_to_graphics&lang=en#section_5
>
> On the section on how to draw text the writer has the following code
> |
> font ||=||pygame.font.SysFont(||'Calibri'||, ||25||, ||True||, ||False||)|
> |text ||=||font.render(||"My text"||,||True||,BLACK)
> ||screen.blit(text, [||250||, ||250||])
>
> When I run the code using the IDLE the Python shell gives me the
> following error
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "/home/william/Desktop/Pygame/Python 3X/Drawing_Shapes.py", line
> 48, in <module>
> font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
> File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 614, in SysFont
> return constructor(fontname, size, set_bold, set_italic)
> File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 537, in font_constructor
> font = pygame.font.Font(fontpath, size)
> pygame.error: font not initialized
>
>
> I think the problem is that the fonts in Ubuntu are probably stored in a
> different
> location than in Windows OS.And therefore python can not find it using
> the SysFont
> method
> Can anyone give me any suggestion on how to edit the code so that I can
> write text
> on my graphics?
> Thank you.
> |
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 2
> Date: Sat, 29 Nov 2014 14:31:04 +0100
> From: Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de>
> To: tutor at python.org
> Subject: [Tutor] Trouble creating a pygame.font.SysFont, was Re: (no
>         subject)
> Message-ID: <m5chqo$e54$1 at ger.gmane.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="ISO-8859-1"
>
> William wrote:
>
> Hello William; please provide a meaningful subject line so that your
> readers
> get a hint whether your question is in their area of expertise.
>
>
> > Hello there I'm using Python  3.4 running on Ubuntu 14.04LTS
> > I'm new to programming and also new to linux
> > I'm trying to learn the pygame library
> > I was reading :
> >
> >
>
> http://programarcadegames.com/index.php?chapter=introduction_to_graphics&lang=en#section_5
> >
> > On the section on how to draw text the writer has the following code
> > |
> > font ||=||pygame.font.SysFont(||'Calibri'||, ||25||, ||True||,
> ||False||)|
> > |text ||=||font.render(||"My text"||,||True||,BLACK)
> > ||screen.blit(text, [||250||, ||250||])
>
> That is very hard to read. If you have to post Python code please do it in
> plain text without those funny "|". Thank you.
>
> > When I run the code using the IDLE the Python shell gives me the
> > following error
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "/home/william/Desktop/Pygame/Python 3X/Drawing_Shapes.py", line
> > 48, in <module>
> > font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> > 614, in SysFont
> > return constructor(fontname, size, set_bold, set_italic)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> > 537, in font_constructor
> > font = pygame.font.Font(fontpath, size)
> > pygame.error: font not initialized
> >
> >
> > I think the problem is that the fonts in Ubuntu are probably stored in a
> > different
> > location than in Windows OS.And therefore python can not find it using
> > the SysFont
> > method
> > Can anyone give me any suggestion on how to edit the code so that I can
> > write text
> > on my graphics?
>
> Quoting the page you link to:
>
> """
> The first code a Pygame program needs to do is load and initialize the
> Pygame library. Every program that uses Pygame should start with these
> lines:
>
> Importing and initializing Pygame
> # Import a library of functions called 'pygame'
> import pygame
> # Initialize the game engine
> pygame.init()
> """
>
> Did you follow that advice? If you did and your script is reasonably short
> please post it here so that we can have a look or try to run it ourselves.
>
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 3
> Date: Sat, 29 Nov 2014 12:26:16 -0800
> From: Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org>
> To: William <it.iswill at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid>
> Cc: Python Tutor Mailing List <tutor at python.org>
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] (no subject)
> Message-ID:
>         <
> CAGZAPF6isQCiV+nSQr5wJK0tA8mTqWCvsHoNQTz_emCeBr1p+g at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
>
> > When I run the code using the IDLE the Python shell gives me the
> following
> > error
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "/home/william/Desktop/Pygame/Python 3X/Drawing_Shapes.py", line
> 48, in
> > <module>
> > font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 614,
> > in SysFont
> > return constructor(fontname, size, set_bold, set_italic)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> 537,
> > in font_constructor
> > font = pygame.font.Font(fontpath, size)
> > pygame.error: font not initialized
>
>
> Hi William,
>
> Please check with the pygame folks on this one; pygame is a
> third-party library, and we at Tutor might not be too familiar with
> the library.  There should be an active pygame-users mailing list at
> the following URL:
>
>     http://www.pygame.org/wiki/info
>
> According to web searches, the term "pygame.error: font not
> initialized" means that you may have forgotten to initialize PyGame
> first.
>
> Reference: http://inventwithpython.com/pygame/chapter2.html, where
> they say: "If you ever see an error message like pygame.error: font
> not initialized, check to see if you forgot to call pygame.init() at
> the start of your program."
>
>
> Again, I have no direct experience with PyGame, so I can not confirm
> that this will fix the issue for your own program.  This is why you'll
> probably want to ask on pygame-users.
>
>
> Good luck to you!
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> Message: 4
> Date: Sat, 29 Nov 2014 13:06:05 -0600
> From: Japhy Bartlett <japhy at pearachute.com>
> To: William <it.iswill at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid>
> Cc: Python Tutor <tutor at python.org>
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] (no subject)
> Message-ID:
>         <CANTsVHJnKkrzj=WR2gbSpCCDOVw5LGpVJpE=
> h5ZjYzUtNoaN-g at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
>
> It looks like this is a pretty common stumbling block, and you need to call
> `pygame.font.init()` before the code you pasted.
>
> Also.. the way you've pasted that code has added '||' all over the place.
> Not sure what's going on there (some sort of tabs/spaces thing?), but it
> makes it extremely hard to read!
>
> On Sat, Nov 29, 2014 at 3:31 AM, William <it.iswill at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid
> >
> wrote:
>
> > Hello there I'm using Python  3.4 running on Ubuntu 14.04LTS
> > I'm new to programming and also new to linux
> > I'm trying to learn the pygame library
> > I was reading :
> >
> > http://programarcadegames.com/index.php?chapter=
> > introduction_to_graphics&lang=en#section_5
> >
> > On the section on how to draw text the writer has the following code
> > |
> > font ||=||pygame.font.SysFont(||'Calibri'||, ||25||, ||True||,
> ||False||)|
> > |text ||=||font.render(||"My text"||,||True||,BLACK)
> > ||screen.blit(text, [||250||, ||250||])
> >
> > When I run the code using the IDLE the Python shell gives me the
> following
> > error
> >
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> > File "/home/william/Desktop/Pygame/Python 3X/Drawing_Shapes.py", line 48,
> > in <module>
> > font = pygame.font.SysFont('Calibri', 25, True, False)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> > 614, in SysFont
> > return constructor(fontname, size, set_bold, set_italic)
> > File "/usr/local/lib/python3.4/dist-packages/pygame/sysfont.py", line
> > 537, in font_constructor
> > font = pygame.font.Font(fontpath, size)
> > pygame.error: font not initialized
> >
> >
> > I think the problem is that the fonts in Ubuntu are probably stored in a
> > different
> > location than in Windows OS.And therefore python can not find it using
> the
> > SysFont
> > method
> > Can anyone give me any suggestion on how to edit the code so that I can
> > write text
> > on my graphics?
> > Thank you.
> > |
> > _______________________________________________
> > Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> > To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> >
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>
> ------------------------------
>
> Subject: Digest Footer
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
> ------------------------------
>
> End of Tutor Digest, Vol 129, Issue 73
> **************************************
>
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From ramrokstheweb at gmail.com  Tue Dec  2 09:53:11 2014
From: ramrokstheweb at gmail.com (ram rokr)
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2014 09:53:11 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] Importing an existing plot and manipulating it !
Message-ID: <CAG0JTT5BeznSJ_kTMGLFUJeEhMkDC_uY7=SQfwysHY6=oguFwA@mail.gmail.com>

Hello people,
                I'm a beginner with Python and I'm new to the mailing list.
It's nice to know that there is a mailing list with people/tutors who can
help me learn Python.
                So, my difficulty now is that, I already have a script that
plots a polygon. But now I'm trying to script a Python class that would
enable me to import parameters(or the plot itself) from the previous script
and control it too (like specifying parameters: spacing, width, height or
the like).

My approach was to create a new layout and try to import the existing plot
and then try to manipulate it:

import math

import numpy as np


import pya


ly = pya.Layout("L10")


# create the top cell

top_cell = ly.create_cell("TOP")


# finding the PCell declaration object ...

class
Dec:
# locating the earlier script to get the parameters for the polygon

def __init__(self):

self.lib = pya.Library.library_by_name("MyLib")                        #
PCell is a file that contains the polygon with all the parameters of
interesrt.

if self.lib == None:

raise Exception("Unknown lib 'MyLib'")
#I'm trying to get parameters from this file/plot to make more.

self.pcell_decl = lib.layout().pcell_declaration("CanaryCell");

if pcell_decl == None:

raise Exception("Unknown PCell 'CanaryCell'")


# instantiating that cell ...

Dec()

# transformation

class Position:

def __init__(self, xpos, ypos, t):

self.xpos = 0

self.ypos = 0

self.t = pya.Trans(pya.Trans.r0(), -1000 + xpos, -1000 + ypos)


# insert into "top_cell" (must be provided by the caller)

class top_cell (Dec, Position):

def __init__(self, insert, pcell_inst):

top_cell = pya.CellView.active().cell

self.a = pya.Point(x1,0)

self.b = pya.Point(0,y1)

self.na = 5

self.nb = 7

pcell_inst = top_cell.insert(pya.CellInstArray(pcell_decl, t, a, b, na, nb))


Position(xpos, ypos, t)

top_cell(insert, pcell_inst)


# write the layout

ly.write("done.gds")

How could you advise me to aprroach this problem accomplish this? I've time
constrains and that's a big problem ! Thanks.


P.S: Yes, the script looks weird. Because I've to use Klayout with python
integration. Since I'm new to both I'm having a hard time. If somebody can
enlighten me about how to do this in Python, maybe I can comprehend and
work it out with KLayout.



Regards,

Ram.
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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec  2 11:32:56 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 02 Dec 2014 10:32:56 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Importing an existing plot and manipulating it !
In-Reply-To: <CAG0JTT5BeznSJ_kTMGLFUJeEhMkDC_uY7=SQfwysHY6=oguFwA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAG0JTT5BeznSJ_kTMGLFUJeEhMkDC_uY7=SQfwysHY6=oguFwA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m5k4go$e67$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 02/12/14 08:53, ram rokr wrote:
> Hello people,
>                  I'm a beginner with Python and I'm new to the mailing
> list. It's nice to know that there is a mailing list with people/tutors
> who can help me learn Python.

Hi Ram,

While we are happy to try and help, Numpy is not part of standard
Python, which is what this list focuses on. There is a separate
numpy list and you might find more folks there who are able
to help with specific numpy/plotlib queries.

But we do have some numpy users here so maybe they can answer the
question for you.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From rhce.san at gmail.com  Tue Dec  2 17:16:08 2014
From: rhce.san at gmail.com (Santosh Kumar)
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2014 21:46:08 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] A small project
In-Reply-To: <CACHcGvk9u0iyNA2c4GpEPEQ9oZBUeXLjCqC5aU9f_CAtzK9VHQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CACHcGvk9u0iyNA2c4GpEPEQ9oZBUeXLjCqC5aU9f_CAtzK9VHQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CACHcGv=6eQTq7M8dOHmmdRXyn=QnSbwu2kEnt66HXHGzcgKTjQ@mail.gmail.com>

All,

Any suggestion to my question ?

On Thu, Nov 27, 2014 at 12:43 PM, Santosh Kumar <rhce.san at gmail.com> wrote:

> Hi All,
>
> I am planning to start a small project , so i need some suggestions on how
> to go about it.
>
> 1) It basically takes some inputs like (name,age,course,joining
> date,remarks) so on.
> 2) I want a light front end for it.
> 3) i should be able to query for a particular person on a particular date
> or a joining date.
> 4) The app should be easily deployable both in the linux and windows
> machines. ( something like a .exe in windows)
>
> So this is my requirement as stated in the above four points. Now i need
> suggestions on how to go ahead with these.
>
> for 2) should i go for tkinter or do we have something even lighter.
> for 3) to achieve this should i just go for a database, if yes i need
> something which can be easily moved across.
> for 4) if i have to create a executable , how to make sure all the above
> requirements can be packaged into a application or a software.
>
> Thanks in advance.
> --
> D. Santosh Kumar
>
>


-- 
D. Santosh Kumar
RHCE | SCSA
+91-9703206361


Every task has a unpleasant side .. But you must focus on the end result
you are producing.
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From cs at zip.com.au  Tue Dec  2 21:37:08 2014
From: cs at zip.com.au (Cameron Simpson)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 07:37:08 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] A small project
In-Reply-To: <CACHcGvk9u0iyNA2c4GpEPEQ9oZBUeXLjCqC5aU9f_CAtzK9VHQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CACHcGvk9u0iyNA2c4GpEPEQ9oZBUeXLjCqC5aU9f_CAtzK9VHQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141202203708.GA69216@cskk.homeip.net>

On 27Nov2014 12:43, Santosh Kumar <rhce.san at gmail.com> wrote:
>I am planning to start a small project , so i need some suggestions on how
>to go about it.
>
>1) It basically takes some inputs like (name,age,course,joining
>date,remarks) so on.
>2) I want a light front end for it.
>3) i should be able to query for a particular person on a particular date
>or a joining date.
>4) The app should be easily deployable both in the linux and windows
>machines. ( something like a .exe in windows)
>
>So this is my requirement as stated in the above four points. Now i need
>suggestions on how to go ahead with these.
>
>for 2) should i go for tkinter or do we have something even lighter.

If you're familiar with tkinter, use it. Otherwise I don't know enough to 
advise. At least tkinter comes with Python, so that is one problem solved for 
you. Disclaimer: I have not used it; I work almost entirely in terminals with 
text.

>for 3) to achieve this should i just go for a database, if yes i need
>something which can be easily moved across.

You may find that sqlite files are portable. (Or not.)

CSV files are portable, but not random access. If your data set is small they 
might do though: read it into memory; write it out at program exit (or 
strategic other times).

>for 4) if i have to create a executable , how to make sure all the above
>requirements can be packaged into a application or a software.

Can't help here.

My suggestions is: (1) find components that will work on UNIX and Windows (GUI 
toolkit and data storage specificly). (2) Get it working in as simple a way as 
possible.  

The GUI toolkit aside, the rest of it is probably easy to change if needed. But 
make it work _first_.

Cheers,
Cameron Simpson <cs at zip.com.au>

Of course I believe that solipsism is the correct philosophy, but that's only
one man's opinion.      - Bill Garrett <garrett at cs.unc.edu>

From jarod_v6 at libero.it  Wed Dec  3 10:36:36 2014
From: jarod_v6 at libero.it (jarod_v6 at libero.it)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 10:36:36 +0100 (CET)
Subject: [Tutor] Parse files and create sqlite3 db
Message-ID: <1797597213.537751417599396262.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>

Dear all
I aattach the file I want to parse and I wanto to create a sqlite database.
The problem is I'm not able to create in the right way because there is some logic problems on my script. I have  this code:


import sqlite
import sqlite3
import os

# Creates or opens a file called mydb with a SQLite3 DB
db = sqlite3.connect('Fastqcd_completo.db')
cursor = db.cursor()
create_table_sql = """
create table fastqc_summary (
fileid varchar,
module varchar,
status varchar,
total int,
duplicate varchar
);"""
cursor.execute(create_table_sql)
create_table_sql2="""
create table fastqc_details (
id serial primary key,
fileid varchar,
module varchar,
col1 varchar,
ocols varchar
);
"""
cursor.execute(create_table_sql2)
db.commit()

for root, dirs, files in os.walk("/home/mauro/Desktop/LAVORO_CRO/2014/Statitica_RNAseqalign/FASTQC_completo/fastqcdecembre/"): # walk a r
    for name in files:
        if (name == "fastqc_data.txt"):
            fileid = name # use string slicing here if you only want part of the
 
            with open(os.path.join(root,name),"r") as p: # automatically close the file when done
                for i in p:
                    line =i.strip()
                    
                    if "Filename" in line:
                        fileid = line.split()[1]
                    if "Total Sequence" in line:
                        total = line.split()[2]
                        
                    if "Total Duplicate" in line:
                        dup = line.split()[3]
                                        
                    if (line[:2] == ">>" and line[:12] != ">>END_MODULE"):
                        module = line[2:-5] # grab module name
                        status = line[-4:] # and overall status pass/warn/fail
                        sql = "insert into fastqc_summary(fileid,module,status,total,duplicate) values(?,?,?,?,?);"
                        data = (fileid,module,status,total,dup)
                        cursor.execute(sql,data)
                    elif (line[:2] != ">>" and line[:2] != "##"): # grab details under each module
                        cols = line.split("\t")
                        col1 = cols[0]
                        ocols = "|".join(cols[1:])
                        sql = "insert into fastqc_details(fileid,module,col1,ocols) values(?,?,?,?);"
                        data = (fileid,module,col1,ocols)
                        cursor.execute(sql,data)
db.commit()


So the problem is how to excatct only some parts of the files. In red are the point of the problems. The say the Filename are not defined On the file atached I want to take this part and use for create the database:
##FastQC    0.10.1
>>Basic Statistics    pass
#Measure    Value    
Filename    R05_CTTGTA_L004_R1_001.fastq.gz    
File type    Conventional base calls    
Encoding    Sanger / Illumina 1.9    
Total Sequences    27868496    
Filtered Sequences    0    
Sequence length    50    
%GC    50    
>>END_MODULE
How can I resolve this problem? I need to use the number of rows?
bw,



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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec  3 11:24:07 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 10:24:07 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Parse files and create sqlite3 db
In-Reply-To: <1797597213.537751417599396262.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>
References: <1797597213.537751417599396262.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>
Message-ID: <m5moc7$h35$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 03/12/14 09:36, jarod_v6 at libero.it wrote:
> Dear all
> I aattach the file I want to parse and I wanto to create a sqlite database.
> The problem is I'm not able to create in the right way because there is
> some logic problems on my script. I have  this code:

Do you get an error message? If so please send a cut n paste of the full 
error text.

> import sqlite
> import sqlite3

You only need the second of these imports

> import os
>
> # Creates or opens a file called mydb with a SQLite3 DB
> db = sqlite3.connect('Fastqcd_completo.db')
> cursor = db.cursor()
> create_table_sql = """
> create table fastqc_summary (
> fileid varchar,
> module varchar,
> status varchar,
> total int,
> duplicate varchar
> );"""
 > cursor.execute(create_table_sql)

This looks fine except its normal to have a unique key somewhere.
But if you are confident that you will have uniqueness in your
data you don't strictly need it.

> create_table_sql2="""
> create table fastqc_details (
> id serial primary key,

But this is odd. I can't find anything about a serial keyword for 
SQLite. The normal format of this would be

id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY

which makes id an auto-incrementing unique value.

> fileid varchar,
> module varchar,
> col1 varchar,
> ocols varchar
> );
> """
> cursor.execute(create_table_sql2)
> db.commit()

The other potential issue is that you are creating these tables each 
time you run the script. But if you run the script a second time the 
tables willalready exist and the CREATES will fail. You should either 
drop the tables at the top of the script or use the

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS <table> ...

format of create. Then if the tab;le already exists your data will
be appended. (If you want it overwritten use the drop table technique)

> for root, dirs, files in
> os.walk("/home/mauro/Desktop/LAVORO_CRO/2014/Statitica_RNAseqalign/FASTQC_completo/fastqcdecembre/"):
> # walk a r
>      for name in files:
>          if (name == "fastqc_data.txt"):

You are searching for a specific name. Could there be multiple such 
files or are you just using wa;lk to find one? If the latter it would be 
better to exit the os.walk loop once you find it and then process the 
file. You need to store the root and filename first of course.

>              fileid = name # use string slicing here if you only want
> part of the
>
>     with open(os.path.join(root,name),"r") as p: # automatically close
> the file when done
>                  for i in p:
>                      line =i.strip()
>
>                      if "Filename" in line:
>                          fileid = line.split()[1]
>                      if "Total Sequence" in line:
>                          total = line.split()[2]
>
>                      if "Total Duplicate" in line:
>                          dup = line.split()[3]
>
>                      if (line[:2] == ">>" and line[:12] != ">>END_MODULE"):
>                          module = line[2:-5] # grab module name
>                          status = line[-4:] # and overall status
> pass/warn/fail
>                          sql = "insert into
> fastqc_summary(fileid,module,status,total,duplicate) values(?,?,?,?,?);"
>                          data = (fileid,module,status,total,dup)
>                          cursor.execute(sql,data)
>                      elif (line[:2] != ">>" and line[:2] != "##"): #
> grab details under each module
>                          cols = line.split("\t")
>                          col1 = cols[0]
>                          ocols = "|".join(cols[1:])
>                          sql = "insert into
> fastqc_details(fileid,module,col1,ocols) values(?,?,?,?);"
>                          data = (fileid,module,col1,ocols)
>                          cursor.execute(sql,data)
> db.commit()
>
>
> So the problem is how to excatct only some parts of the files. In red
> are the point of the problems. The say the Filename are not defined

What says that? It's true that you don't have a variable Filename 
defined. But I don't see Filename in your code anywhere either. So I 
don't understand the error message. Can you post it in full please?

> the file atached I want to take this part and use for create the database:
> ##FastQC    0.10.1
>  >>Basic Statistics    pass
> #Measure    Value
> Filename    R05_CTTGTA_L004_R1_001.fastq.gz
> File type    Conventional base calls
> Encoding    Sanger / Illumina 1.9
> Total Sequences    27868496
> Filtered Sequences    0
> Sequence length    50
> %GC    50
>  >>END_MODULE


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From zhanggordon999 at gmail.com  Tue Dec  2 21:28:36 2014
From: zhanggordon999 at gmail.com (gordon zhang)
Date: Tue, 2 Dec 2014 13:28:36 -0700
Subject: [Tutor] Does the user need to install Python,
 when we deploy our c++ products using python?
Message-ID: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>

I downloaded python 3.4.2 for c++ and create a vc++ project using python,
but I have no idea what python dlls and other stuff needed to deploy the
products.

I know if we put Python34.dll and Python.dll in the folder of executable,
it is not enough. What else do we need to put in the folder of
executable?(the application does not run)

If anyone knows please let me know.

Thanks, Gordon
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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec  3 12:29:32 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 11:29:32 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Does the user need to install Python,
 when we deploy our c++ products using python?
In-Reply-To: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m5ms6s$ggc$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 02/12/14 20:28, gordon zhang wrote:

> I downloaded python 3.4.2 for c++ and create a vc++ project using
> python, but I have no idea what python dlls and other stuff needed to
> deploy the products.

Python is an interpreter so you will need the full Python interpreter 
and all the module files that you use. Some of these are DLLs others are 
Python scripts.

> I know if we put Python34.dll and Python.dll in the folder of
> executable, it is not enough. What else do we need to put in the folder
> of executable?(the application does not run)

Using Python just to build an installer script where the users don't 
already have Python installed sounds like a bad idea to me. Especially 
on Windows(which given the mention of VC++ seems to be the platform). 
There are plenty of installer tools for Windows that would be more 
suitable and some of them are even free.

If Python was already installed on your target PCs it would be a 
reasonable decision but, if not, you effectively need two installers - 
one for Python and another for your app.

There are tools such as freeze or py2exe that can bundle up a Python 
script as a single exe file but that means installing the interpreter as 
part of the exe. You could of course delete the python exe bundle after 
the install completed but it still seems overkill for an install script.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Wed Dec  3 12:30:05 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 22:30:05 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Does the user need to install Python,
	when we deploy our c++ products using python?
In-Reply-To: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141203113004.GC9865@ando.pearwood.info>

On Tue, Dec 02, 2014 at 01:28:36PM -0700, gordon zhang wrote:
> I downloaded python 3.4.2 for c++ and create a vc++ project using python,
> but I have no idea what python dlls and other stuff needed to deploy the
> products.
> 
> I know if we put Python34.dll and Python.dll in the folder of executable,
> it is not enough. What else do we need to put in the folder of
> executable?(the application does not run)

I'm afraid I have very little idea what "python 3.4.2 for c++" is, or 
what a "vc++ project using python" means. Do you mean Microsoft Visual 
C++?

Where did you download this from? How do you use it in C++? C++ and 
Python are two very different languages. Normally people just use Python 
alone, or C++ alone.

This mailing list is for beginners wanting to learn Python, and we may 
not have the experience needed to answer advanced questions like 
building C++ applications with embedded Python. For that, I recommend 
you ask on the comp.lang.python newsgroup, or on the forums of whatever 
embedded python software you are using.


-- 
Steven

From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Dec  3 13:11:03 2014
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 13:11:03 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] A small project
References: <CACHcGvk9u0iyNA2c4GpEPEQ9oZBUeXLjCqC5aU9f_CAtzK9VHQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <CACHcGv=6eQTq7M8dOHmmdRXyn=QnSbwu2kEnt66HXHGzcgKTjQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m5mukn$h3s$1@ger.gmane.org>

Santosh Kumar wrote:

> All,
> 
> Any suggestion to my question ?
> 
> On Thu, Nov 27, 2014 at 12:43 PM, Santosh Kumar <rhce.san at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> 
>> Hi All,
>>
>> I am planning to start a small project , so i need some suggestions on
>> how to go about it.
>>
>> 1) It basically takes some inputs like (name,age,course,joining
>> date,remarks) so on.
>> 2) I want a light front end for it.

If you use a web browser you may be able evade the deployment hassles. 
Here's a simple example:

<http://bottlepy.org/docs/dev/tutorial_app.html>

>> 3) i should be able to query for a particular person on a particular date
>> or a joining date.
>> 4) The app should be easily deployable both in the linux and windows
>> machines. ( something like a .exe in windows)
>>
>> So this is my requirement as stated in the above four points. Now i need
>> suggestions on how to go ahead with these.
>>
>> for 2) should i go for tkinter or do we have something even lighter.
>> for 3) to achieve this should i just go for a database, if yes i need
>> something which can be easily moved across.
>> for 4) if i have to create a executable , how to make sure all the above
>> requirements can be packaged into a application or a software.
>>
>> Thanks in advance.
>> --
>> D. Santosh Kumar



From jarod_v6 at libero.it  Wed Dec  3 14:07:51 2014
From: jarod_v6 at libero.it (jarod_v6 at libero.it)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 14:07:51 +0100 (CET)
Subject: [Tutor] Parse files and create sqlite3 db (Alan Gauld)
Message-ID: <387082369.654931417612071650.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>

thanks so much,here you have the error:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-16-64f0293cca64> in <module>()
     43                                                 status = line[-4:] # 
and overall status pass/warn/fail
     44                                                 sql = "insert into 
fastqc_summary(fileid,module,status,total,duplicate) values(?,?,?,?,?);"
---> 45                                                 data = (fileid,module,
status,total,dup)
     46                                                 cursor.execute(sql,
data)
     47                                         elif (line[:2] != ">>" and line
[:2] != "##"): # grab details under each module

NameError: name 'total' is not defined
The problem It is I need to write only if exist that names and values.
So from the original file each time I have this rows:
##FastQC	0.10.1
>>Basic Statistics	pass
#Measure	Value	
Filename	R05_CTTGTA_L004_R1_001.fastq.gz	
File type	Conventional base calls	
Encoding	Sanger / Illumina 1.9	
Total Sequences	27868496	
Filtered Sequences	0	
Sequence length	50	
%GC	50	
>>END_MODULE
So they need to be defined. So know I need to do: if  Total and if Filename 
and Total then do the script?




From davea at davea.name  Wed Dec  3 15:52:05 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 09:52:05 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Parse files and create sqlite3 db (Alan Gauld)
In-Reply-To: <387082369.654931417612071650.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>
References: <387082369.654931417612071650.JavaMail.httpd@webmail-07.iol.local>
Message-ID: <547F2395.7070008@davea.name>

On 12/03/2014 08:07 AM, jarod_v6 at libero.it wrote:
> thanks so much,here you have the error:
> ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
> NameError                                 Traceback (most recent call last)
> <ipython-input-16-64f0293cca64> in <module>()
>       43                                                 status = line[-4:] #
> and overall status pass/warn/fail
>       44                                                 sql = "insert into
> fastqc_summary(fileid,module,status,total,duplicate) values(?,?,?,?,?);"
> ---> 45                                                 data = (fileid,module,
> status,total,dup)
>       46                                                 cursor.execute(sql,
> data)
>       47                                         elif (line[:2] != ">>" and line
> [:2] != "##"): # grab details under each module
>
> NameError: name 'total' is not defined

That's because you defined it only inside an if statement.  So if that 
condition is false, total is NOT a variable.  Perhaps you just want to 
give it a default value. I'd tend to do that in an else clause:

                     if "Total Sequence" in line:
                         total = line.split()[2]
                     else:
                         total = ""

Similarly for fileid and dup.

Now, you can test those values, or use their defaults directly, in 
whatever other place you need.

While I've got you can I request a few things to make the forum go smoother:

1) use text not html messages.  You did here, but in your original 
message you mentioned something about "red" and that doesn't show up 
everywhere.  This is a text forum.

2) Use reply-list or reply-all, or whatever your email program will 
manage.  Whenever you just compose a new message you start a new thread, 
and that just breaks the flow.  Many newsreaders don't handle split 
threads, and those that do still cause pain for the user.

3) Don't use attachments.  Just paste it in with everything else (in a 
text email, of course, as html messes up indentation about 50% of the 
time.)  Many environments don't even see the attachment.

-- 
DaveA

From coolshwetu at gmail.com  Wed Dec  3 19:18:22 2014
From: coolshwetu at gmail.com (shweta kaushik)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 23:48:22 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
Message-ID: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>

Hi,

I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not able
to do it.

output_message_packet=
fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02

I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02
fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02
fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02
fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02
fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02

After this I want to split this into bytes:
fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02

Please help me with code for how to do this.

Thanks in advance.

Regards,
Shweta
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From jackjasper at me.com  Wed Dec  3 22:02:33 2014
From: jackjasper at me.com (jack jasper)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 15:02:33 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] Python
Message-ID: <B48B5C1A-93C4-4A68-B11F-E469FC142CB2@me.com>

Why do I get SyntaxErrors when I type in an article like a or a colon :
Enter an integer an gets listed as a SyntaxError

x == 0: The colon gets flagged This is part of an if else program with  an
x = raw_input('Enter an integer:  ') sort of statement above it. 

I've had trouble with -> with the > being flagged. 

I just don't get it.

Thank you,

Jack Jasper
jackjasper at mac.com

From joel.goldstick at gmail.com  Wed Dec  3 23:17:39 2014
From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 17:17:39 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAPM-O+x7no=4uWecgKtj+wNBbdGREOkmpEgUFkXTyHPAnJ0Mpw@mail.gmail.com>

On Wed, Dec 3, 2014 at 1:18 PM, shweta kaushik <coolshwetu at gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi,
>
> I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not able
> to do it.
>
> output_message_packet=
> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>
> I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
> fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02
> fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02
> fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02
> fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02
> fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>
> After this I want to split this into bytes:
> fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02
>
> Please help me with code for how to do this.
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> Regards,
> Shweta
>

Look up python string methods to start.

Does each line start with fe01?
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>



-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com

From joel.goldstick at gmail.com  Wed Dec  3 23:20:45 2014
From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick)
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2014 17:20:45 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Python
In-Reply-To: <B48B5C1A-93C4-4A68-B11F-E469FC142CB2@me.com>
References: <B48B5C1A-93C4-4A68-B11F-E469FC142CB2@me.com>
Message-ID: <CAPM-O+xs9Xkcsk8FAAiakn+B6YPHGqA=JzZMbsFf0+cMhPkxYA@mail.gmail.com>

On Wed, Dec 3, 2014 at 4:02 PM, jack jasper <jackjasper at me.com> wrote:
> Why do I get SyntaxErrors when I type in an article like a or a colon :
> Enter an integer an gets listed as a SyntaxError
>
> x == 0: The colon gets flagged This is part of an if else program with  an

colon only goes on end of def, if, elif, else, and for
 statements
> x = raw_input('Enter an integer:  ') sort of statement above it.
>
> I've had trouble with -> with the > being flagged.
>
> I just don't get it.

show your code, give version number (2.x or 3.x).  I'm guessing 2.x
since you are using raw_input
>
> Thank you,
>
> Jack Jasper
> jackjasper at mac.com
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor



-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec  3 23:31:12 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 22:31:12 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m5o2vg$kbs$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 03/12/14 18:18, shweta kaushik wrote:

> I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not
> able to do it.

Your description of the task is not very precise so I'll
make some guesses below.

> output_message_packet= fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000....
>
> I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
> fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02

It looks like the packet terminator is either fe02 or a fixed length 
record. It's not clear whether the fixed length is accidental or 
deliberate or whether its the terminator that is coincidentally the 
same. I'm guessing its probably based on terminator...

To split by 'fe02' just use string split then add the separator
back on:

sep = 'fe02'
packets = [pkt+sep for pkt in data.split(sep)]


If it is based on length it will look something like:

data = []
while s:
    data.append(s[:length])
    s = s[length:]

> After this I want to split this into bytes:
> fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02

This is the same split by length problem applied to
each packet with length 2.

In fact if it is split by length in both you could write
a helper function:

def split_by_length(s,length):
     data = []
     while s:
         data.append(s[:length])
         s = s[length:]
     return data

And call it with

packets = split_by_length(inputData, packetLength)
bytes = [split_by_length(p,2) for p in packets]


HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec  3 23:33:18 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 03 Dec 2014 22:33:18 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Python
In-Reply-To: <B48B5C1A-93C4-4A68-B11F-E469FC142CB2@me.com>
References: <B48B5C1A-93C4-4A68-B11F-E469FC142CB2@me.com>
Message-ID: <m5o33e$kbs$2@ger.gmane.org>

On 03/12/14 21:02, jack jasper wrote:
> Why do I get SyntaxErrors when I type in an article like a or a colon :
> Enter an integer an gets listed as a SyntaxError
>
> x == 0: The colon gets flagged This is part of an if else program with  an
> x = raw_input('Enter an integer:  ') sort of statement above it.
>

That doesn't help, just post real code that generates the error.
And tell us which Python version and OS you are using to run it.

> I've had trouble with -> with the > being flagged.

I have no idea what you mean by that.
When do you ever use -> in Python?


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From coolshwetu at gmail.com  Thu Dec  4 06:36:57 2014
From: coolshwetu at gmail.com (shweta kaushik)
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2014 11:06:57 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
In-Reply-To: <CAPM-O+x7no=4uWecgKtj+wNBbdGREOkmpEgUFkXTyHPAnJ0Mpw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAPM-O+x7no=4uWecgKtj+wNBbdGREOkmpEgUFkXTyHPAnJ0Mpw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAM--9s5woeMeGgYDoxxoE_sRokOU47ZU8ChvdKx3h9PScmMorg@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Joel,

Yes all lines start with fe01 and ends with fe02.

I tried few things and able to split it as list and then I want to split it
into bytes of two like s=  fe 01 but when I am taking s[0] then it is
giving only f instead of fe.
On 04-Dec-2014 3:47 am, "Joel Goldstick" <joel.goldstick at gmail.com> wrote:

> On Wed, Dec 3, 2014 at 1:18 PM, shweta kaushik <coolshwetu at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not
> able
> > to do it.
> >
> > output_message_packet=
> >
> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
> >
> > I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
> > fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
> > fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02
> > fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02
> > fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02
> > fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02
> > fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
> >
> > After this I want to split this into bytes:
> > fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02
> >
> > Please help me with code for how to do this.
> >
> > Thanks in advance.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Shweta
> >
>
> Look up python string methods to start.
>
> Does each line start with fe01?
> > _______________________________________________
> > Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> > To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> >
>
>
>
> --
> Joel Goldstick
> http://joelgoldstick.com
>
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From akleider at sonic.net  Thu Dec  4 18:25:25 2014
From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider)
Date: Thu, 04 Dec 2014 09:25:25 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s5woeMeGgYDoxxoE_sRokOU47ZU8ChvdKx3h9PScmMorg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAPM-O+x7no=4uWecgKtj+wNBbdGREOkmpEgUFkXTyHPAnJ0Mpw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAM--9s5woeMeGgYDoxxoE_sRokOU47ZU8ChvdKx3h9PScmMorg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <28cd5eb73bb1f4fe9c30dc5a014b672b@sonic.net>

On 2014-12-03 21:36, shweta kaushik wrote:
> Hi Joel,
> 
> Yes all lines start with fe01 and ends with fe02.

Might this problem not be more easily solved using the re module?
import re
pat_obj = re.compile(r'fe01[0-9a-f]+?fe02')
my_list = pat_obj.findall(string2split)

> 
> I tried few things and able to split it as list and then I want to 
> split it
> into bytes of two like s=  fe 01 but when I am taking s[0] then it is
> giving only f instead of fe.
> On 04-Dec-2014 3:47 am, "Joel Goldstick" <joel.goldstick at gmail.com> 
> wrote:
> 
>> On Wed, Dec 3, 2014 at 1:18 PM, shweta kaushik <coolshwetu at gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>> > Hi,
>> >
>> > I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not
>> able
>> > to do it.
>> >
>> > output_message_packet=
>> >
>> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>> >
>> > I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
>> > fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
>> > fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02
>> > fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02
>> > fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02
>> > fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02
>> > fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>> >
>> > After this I want to split this into bytes:
>> > fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02
>> >
>> > Please help me with code for how to do this.
>> >
>> > Thanks in advance.
>> >
>> > Regards,
>> > Shweta
>> >
>> 
>> Look up python string methods to start.
>> 
>> Does each line start with fe01?
>> > _______________________________________________
>> > Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
>> > To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>> > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>> >
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> --
>> Joel Goldstick
>> http://joelgoldstick.com
>> 
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor

From phillifeng at gmail.com  Thu Dec  4 21:29:27 2014
From: phillifeng at gmail.com (Lifeng Lin)
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2014 14:29:27 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] How to split string into separate lines
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s5GopA6LOOatx458Lqv7uDNjh4xi=k=sz5rdMkSXHr7tw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGpVZZ6yPkZE2_ws+OEL9EQZVc+qcYkgndAMA4BuvEMzwgHLnA@mail.gmail.com>

would this work?

>>>
a="fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02"
>>> b=a.replace('fe02fe01','fe02\nfe01').split('\n')


>>> for c in b:
...     print ' '.join([c[i:i+2] for i in range(0, len(c), 2)])
...
fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02
fe 01 b9 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 62 39 fe 02
fe 01 ba 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 ad 88 fe 02
fe 01 bb 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e8 e7 fe 02
fe 01 bc 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 fb fe 02
fe 01 bd 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 57 94 fe 02


On Wed, Dec 3, 2014 at 12:18 PM, shweta kaushik <coolshwetu at gmail.com>
wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I need help for doing this task. I know it will be simple but I am not
> able to do it.
>
>
> output_message_packet= fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>
> I want to split this into separate message packets like this:
> fe01b84100000000000000002756fe02
> fe01b94100000000000000006239fe02
> fe01ba410000000000000000ad88fe02
> fe01bb410000000000000000e8e7fe02
> fe01bc41000000000000000012fbfe02
> fe01bd4100000000000000005794fe02
>
> After this I want to split this into bytes:
> fe 01 b8 41 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 27 56 fe 02
>
> Please help me with code for how to do this.
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> Regards,
> Shweta
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
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From walksloud at gmail.com  Fri Dec  5 04:21:09 2014
From: walksloud at gmail.com (=?windows-1252?Q?=22Andr=E9_Walker-Loud_=3Cwalksloud=40gmail=2Ec?= =?windows-1252?Q?om=3E=22?=)
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2014 22:21:09 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] emacs and tabs/spaces
Message-ID: <36B2A6A4-98CB-4515-80A2-1B199AE7B292@gmail.com>

Hi All,

I haven?t found an answer yet to this question via google or tutor archives.
For those of you who use emacs as an editor, I have the following problem.
I have edited my .emacs file to have

(add-hook 'python-mode-hook
          (lambda ()
            (setq indent-tabs-mode t)
            (setq tab-width 4)
            (setq python-indent 4)))

which sets my ?tab? to 4 spaces.  However, if I have a line that is too long (more than 80 characters), I often break the line in multiple lines and use ?tab? to align them, eg.

            params.update({'MAX_T':iv.nt,'ENSEMBLE_ID':ens_base,
                           'MOM_MBS_MAX':'0',
                           'BARYON_DB':mbs_dir+'/'+mbs,
                           })

In this case, the ?tab? alignment does not make it an integer number of 4 spaces - so when I try and edit the file on a different machine, with another editor (TextWrangler) that does actually put all tabs to 4 spaces, I end up breaking my files often.

Does anyone know how to get emacs to force ?tab? to stay at integer numbers of 4 spaces with these multi-lines?

Thanks,

Andre




From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec  5 06:39:29 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 2014 16:39:29 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] emacs and tabs/spaces
References: <36B2A6A4-98CB-4515-80A2-1B199AE7B292@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <85bnniu032.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

"Andr? Walker-Loud <walksloud at gmail.com>" <walksloud at gmail.com> writes:

> In this case, the ?tab? alignment does not make it an integer number
> of 4 spaces - so when I try and edit the file on a different machine,
> with another editor (TextWrangler) that does actually put all tabs to
> 4 spaces, I end up breaking my files often.

This is an excellent reason to stop using U+0009 (HT) characters for
indentation at all.

Instead, set ?indent-tabs-mode? to false (?nil?), and Emacs will indent
with the specified number of U+0020 (SPACE) characters. You won't be at
the mercy of the chaotic differences in rendering of U+0009 characters.

-- 
 \     ?I went to a restaurant that serves ?breakfast at any time?. So |
  `\    I ordered French Toast during the Renaissance.? ?Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From marina.woodson at gmail.com  Fri Dec  5 17:37:32 2014
From: marina.woodson at gmail.com (Marina Woodson)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2014 09:37:32 -0700
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor
Message-ID: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>

I am looking for a tutor. I have a project due in a couple of days and cannot complete the code on my own. How does this system here work?

Thank you,

Marina Woodson

From joel.goldstick at gmail.com  Fri Dec  5 21:05:52 2014
From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2014 15:05:52 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor
In-Reply-To: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
References: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAPM-O+yqb5DG70OUicRTxK_3hSdNH+45Abwd7jEw32Dey0o7-w@mail.gmail.com>

On Fri, Dec 5, 2014 at 11:37 AM, Marina Woodson
<marina.woodson at gmail.com> wrote:
> I am looking for a tutor. I have a project due in a couple of days and cannot complete the code on my own. How does this system here work?

You may find someone who would be willing to help you, but the way
this works is you state your problem, show the code you have written,
and ask a question.  You should include which version of python you
are using, and also cut and paste any traceback errors that are
displayed when you run your code.  Be thoughtful with your subject
line,so as to attract people who might know something about what you
need to learn.

There are lots of people here to help.
>
> Thank you,
>
> Marina Woodson
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor



-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec  5 21:10:03 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 05 Dec 2014 20:10:03 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor
In-Reply-To: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
References: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m5t3er$nfl$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 05/12/14 16:37, Marina Woodson wrote:
> I am looking for a tutor.

You've just found several hundred... :-)

> I have a project due in a couple of days and cannot complete the
 > code on my own. How does this system here work?

We won't do your code for you but you can post samples and ask for 
feedback, you can also ask general programming questions.

Our scope is the Python language and standard library.
3rd party library issues should be resolved on those library fora.

When posting always include full error text and tell us the Python 
version and OS in use. If you are using a specific tutorial or 
development tool that can be useful info too.

Post in plain text please.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Fri Dec  5 21:24:19 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2014 12:24:19 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor
In-Reply-To: <CAPM-O+yqb5DG70OUicRTxK_3hSdNH+45Abwd7jEw32Dey0o7-w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
 <CAPM-O+yqb5DG70OUicRTxK_3hSdNH+45Abwd7jEw32Dey0o7-w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF7J2ro7N0jKOm+wNDmD_HLc4GQK0afZQ6+tjGXXrXhfPA@mail.gmail.com>

On Fri, Dec 5, 2014 at 12:05 PM, Joel Goldstick
<joel.goldstick at gmail.com> wrote:
> On Fri, Dec 5, 2014 at 11:37 AM, Marina Woodson
> <marina.woodson at gmail.com> wrote:
>> I am looking for a tutor. I have a project due in a couple of days and cannot complete the code on my own. How does this system here work?
>
> You may find someone who would be willing to help you, but the way
> this works is you state your problem, show the code you have written,
> and ask a question.  You should include which version of python you
> are using, and also cut and paste any traceback errors that are
> displayed when you run your code.  Be thoughtful with your subject
> line,so as to attract people who might know something about what you
> need to learn.


I want to second that there are plenty of folk here who like to help.
But as a caveat: you may have heard the phrase: "There's no such thing
as a bad question."  In a sense, this aphorism is right, but in
another sense, it's wrong.  There are certain questions that will
produce bad results in context.  In the context of a volunteer mailing
list that teaches programming, there are few things that kill
enthusiasm more quickly than a "question" of the form: "My project's
not working.  Fix it for me."

Instead of a request for someone to finish your homework, make effort
to ask a good question: try to isolate the problem you're having,
reduce it down to a small question, and try to verbalize what you're
having difficulty with.  That is, direct your goals from:

    "I need to get this project done tomorrow."

to:

    "Here's something I don't understand.  I thought this and this
would work, but it doesn't.  Can you help me understand why?"


Good luck!

From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec  5 21:38:21 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Sat, 06 Dec 2014 07:38:21 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor
References: <3AE4AE1E-0D7D-4D2D-8D60-A3C4D4A19A54@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <85y4qlsugy.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Marina Woodson <marina.woodson at gmail.com> writes:

> I am looking for a tutor. I have a project due in a couple of days and
> cannot complete the code on my own. How does this system here work?

Welcome! This system works by discussing, in this public forum, your
code and the questions you have.

This is not a forum for getting a private tutor, but for learning in
public to help all of us together.

-- 
 \                    ?He who laughs last, thinks slowest.? ?anonymous |
  `\                                                                   |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From anubhav1691 at gmail.com  Sun Dec  7 15:24:53 2014
From: anubhav1691 at gmail.com (Anubhav Yadav)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 19:54:53 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] Need a little help in formatting print statement
Message-ID: <CA+Jf9AGzpKb2b4g14-L8+_7=x-0hNvD5E7HVLuggwHz5QXESRA@mail.gmail.com>

I am trying to solve the CS1 Python
<http://cse.msu.edu/~cse231/PracticeOfComputingUsingPython/> Exercises.

The first exercise calculates the energy released from an earthquake based
on it's ritcher scale.

I wrote the code. Here <http://pastebin.com/nXjxCZWJ> is the code.

I am supposed to get this <http://i.imgur.com/gi5syL7.png> output:

If I use the %f formatter, I get this output:

Ritcher Scale    Energy            TNT

1.0        1995262.314969        0.0005

5.0        1995262314968.882812        476.8791

9.1        2818382931264449024.000000        673609687.2047

9.2        3981071705534952960.000000        951498973.5982

9.5        11220184543019653120.000000        2681688466.3049

and If I use the %e or %g format specifier I get this:

Ritcher Scale    Energy            TNT

1.0        1.99526e+06        0.0005

5.0        1.99526e+12        476.8791

9.1        2.81838e+18        673609687.2047

9.2        3.98107e+18        951498973.5982

9.5        1.12202e+19        2681688466.3049

In the sample output given by the exercise, the first two values do not use
the scientific notation. So either they are not using a loop to print the
table, or there is a format specifier that prints the floating value in
scientific notation only if some condition is checked.

I know there is a String function called format with which I can achieve
great string formatting but I want to stick with the old C ways of
formatting for now.

Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.

-- 
Regards,
Anubhav Yadav
KPIT Technologies,
Pune.
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From crushed26 at gmail.com  Sun Dec  7 16:22:28 2014
From: crushed26 at gmail.com (Bo Morris)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 10:22:28 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Python Projects
Message-ID: <CAKKCnffG2vEXP5NT+Vr8kdd4As=xKU5-8_QmSxVPmOEDh16OTA@mail.gmail.com>

The book arrived this morning. Thanks Alan!

Bo
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From steve at pearwood.info  Sun Dec  7 16:35:53 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 02:35:53 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Need a little help in formatting print statement
In-Reply-To: <CA+Jf9AGzpKb2b4g14-L8+_7=x-0hNvD5E7HVLuggwHz5QXESRA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CA+Jf9AGzpKb2b4g14-L8+_7=x-0hNvD5E7HVLuggwHz5QXESRA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141207153553.GL9865@ando.pearwood.info>

Hello Anubhav and welcome!

On Sun, Dec 07, 2014 at 07:54:53PM +0530, Anubhav Yadav wrote:

> I am trying to solve the CS1 Python
> <http://cse.msu.edu/~cse231/PracticeOfComputingUsingPython/> Exercises.
> 
> The first exercise calculates the energy released from an earthquake based
> on it's ritcher scale.
> 
> I wrote the code. Here <http://pastebin.com/nXjxCZWJ> is the code.

If your code is short enough, say, less than 50 lines, please include it 
directly in your email. Some of us are reading and replying to posts at 
a time where it is inconvenient to access the web, or at least parts of 
the web.

> I am supposed to get this <http://i.imgur.com/gi5syL7.png> output:
> 
> If I use the %f formatter, I get this output:
[...]

Try using the %r formatter:

py> for x in (1995262.314969, 1995262314968.882812,
...           2818382931264449024.0, 11220184543019653120.0):
...     print( "%r" % x )  # same as print(repr(x))
...
1995262.314969
1995262314968.8828
2.818382931264449e+18
1.1220184543019653e+19




-- 
Steven

From 2010-3902 at slougheton.com  Sun Dec  7 16:27:42 2014
From: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com (Awais Idris)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 15:27:42 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
Message-ID: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>

Hi there, I'm currently in secondary school yr 11 studying the computing
course and I've been set a task in creating a vending machine code. I found
some coding online and I have changed some of it, but it still doesn't
work. I think theres a problem with the loops and a few other things that I
cant put my finger on. I was wondering if you could help me by fixing the
code for me. this would be a massive help.
Thanks
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##Vending Machine

print ("Welcome to the Awais's Vending Machine\n")

total = 0
drinks = 4
snacks = 4

print ("Prices: Drinks: ?4, Snacks: ?4\n")
print ("If you want to be surprised, and have a random choice, type: 'random'\n")

Drinks = {'Coke','Sprite','Water'}
Snacks = {'Hershey', 'Snickers','Twix','Maltesers','Crisps'}



print (Drinks)
print (Snacks)




FirstChoice = input ("Enter the item of your choice: ")  ##First Choices
if FirstChoice == 'Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water':
    print ("That will be a total of ?",drinks)
    
elif FirstChoice == 'Hershey' or 'Snickers' or 'Twix' or 'Maltesers' or 'Crisps':
    print ("That ^will be a total of ?",snacks)
else:
    print ("****er")


SecondChoice = input ("Would you like anything else? Yes/No ")  ##Second Choices
if SecondChoice == "Yes" or "yes":
    print (Drinks)
    print (Snacks)
    if SecondChoice == (Drinks):
        print ("That will be a total of ?",drinks)
    elif SecondChoice == (Snacks):
        print ("That will be a total of ?",snacks)
else:
    print ("****er")

if SecondChoice == "no" or "No":
    print ("Excellent! Have a good day!") 




From anubhav1691 at gmail.com  Sun Dec  7 18:01:21 2014
From: anubhav1691 at gmail.com (Anubhav Yadav)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 22:31:21 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] Need a little help in formatting print statement
In-Reply-To: <20141207153553.GL9865@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <CA+Jf9AGzpKb2b4g14-L8+_7=x-0hNvD5E7HVLuggwHz5QXESRA@mail.gmail.com>
 <20141207153553.GL9865@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <CA+Jf9AFo3Vo8+LU+0SiJC8HfBKTXZGwLwTEZV204u0kxu58P9g@mail.gmail.com>

> If your code is short enough, say, less than 50 lines, please include it
> directly in your email. Some of us are reading and replying to posts at
> a time where it is inconvenient to access the web, or at least parts of
> the web.
>
> Yes sure, next time I will keep that in mind.


> Try using the %r formatter:
>
> py> for x in (1995262.314969, 1995262314968.882812,
> ...           2818382931264449024.0, 11220184543019653120.0):
> ...     print( "%r" % x )  # same as print(repr(x))
> ...
> 1995262.314969
> 1995262314968.8828
> 2.818382931264449e+18
> 1.1220184543019653e+19
>
>
I had read about this formatter before, thanks a lot. Cheers!!


-- 
Regards,
Anubhav Yadav
KPIT Technologies,
Pune.
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From diliupg at gmail.com  Sun Dec  7 18:38:02 2014
From: diliupg at gmail.com (diliup gabadamudalige)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 23:08:02 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
Message-ID: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>

Dear alll,

my code is given below

if __name__ == '__main__':
    p = os.getcwd()
    filename = "\get scale of choice.txt"
    filepath = p + filename
    sys.stdout = open(filepath, "w")
    os.startfile(filepath)
    for i in data.info:  # print all the scale info to window

        print i

    run = True
    while run:
        scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
        getscale = sys.stdin.raw_input(filepath)
        #getscale = raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")

        if len(getscale) > 1:
            getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]
        else:
            getscale = getscale.upper()



        if getscale in data.scalenames:

            scale = main(getscale)

            print scale

        elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or getscale == "":
            run = False
            print"exiting..."

        else:
            print "No such scale"

I need to get the stdin input from the text I type into the same text file
that I have stdout at. How do I do that. None of the answers at
stackoverflow got me going. Any help on a code snippet would be appreciated.

Thanks in advance


-- 
Diliup Gabadamudalige

http://www.diliupg.com
http://soft.diliupg.com/

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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 02:47:39 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 01:47:39 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m62vvr$96v$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 07/12/14 15:27, Awais Idris wrote:

> found some coding online and I have changed some of it, but it still
> doesn't work. I think theres a problem with the loops and a few other
> things that I cant put my finger on.

First, Please post the code into your message rather than as an 
attachment. Its easier to reply to that way...

Second, you don't have any loops. Loops are where the code
repeats itself until some condition is true. You have
selections not loops.

With those nitpicks out of the way...

 > Drinks = {'Coke','Sprite','Water'}
 > Snacks = {'Hershey', 'Snickers','Twix','Maltesers','Crisps'}
 >
 > FirstChoice = input ("Enter the item of your choice: ")
 > if FirstChoice == 'Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water':
 >    print ("That will be a total of ?",drinks)

The or statements don't do what you think.

Python sees it like:

if FirstChoice == ('Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):

So evaluates the bit in parens first which results in a boolean value of 
True.

So it sees the 'if' part as:

if FirstChoice == True:

Which it isn't, so the if never prints.

 > elif FirstChoice == 'Hershey' or 'Snickers' or 'Twix' or 'Maltesers'

Same here...

 > else:
 >    print ("****er")

So this is what gets printed  each time...

 > SecondChoice = input ("Would you like anything else? Yes/No ")
 > if SecondChoice == "Yes" or "yes":

And again...

     if SecondChoice == (Drinks):
         print ("That will be a total of ?",drinks)
     elif SecondChoice == (Snacks):
         print ("That will be a total of ?",snacks)

Not sure what you think happens here but again they will both be False 
so won't print.

I suspect you need to look at the 'in' operator.
Then you can do things like:

if FirstChoice in Drinks:

and so on.


HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec  8 02:44:38 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 17:44:38 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF4Z1h+yTkWq58UCo5m2nCnmFmzWC1-_cdQ4pT82qO92Yw@mail.gmail.com>

> I need to get the stdin input from the text I type into the same text file
> that I have stdout at. How do I do that. None of the answers at
> stackoverflow got me going. Any help on a code snippet would be appreciated.

In-place edits of a file are dangerous, especially as a beginner.
This is because if your program makes a mistake before the end, you
have very limited ways to recover.

What's usually better practice is to write outputs to a separate file,
with a similar-but-different name.  That way, once your program has
completed, you can inspect the contents of the new file, and then if
things look ok, finally you can copy the new file over the old file.

Can you do this instead?

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec  8 02:52:28 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Sun, 7 Dec 2014 17:52:28 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>

On Sun, Dec 7, 2014 at 7:27 AM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com> wrote:
> Hi there, I'm currently in secondary school yr 11 studying the computing
> course and I've been set a task in creating a vending machine code. I found
> some coding online and I have changed some of it, but it still doesn't work.
> I think theres a problem with the loops and a few other things that I cant
> put my finger on. I was wondering if you could help me by fixing the code
> for me. this would be a massive help.


We will try to help you understand your problems.  But you are
responsible for fixing your program, not us.

There's a difference between a tutor and a contractor.  A tutor helps
you to learn to do your job.  A contractor does the job for you.  A
tutor is not a contractor.


Can you describe what you mean by "doesn't work"?  Do you see an error
message?  What behavior do you think is wrong, and why?


I will point out a possible mistake that you are making a few times in
your program:  I see the following:

    if FirstChoice == 'Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water': ...


I will try to paraphrase what Python will take as the meaning of this statement.

    "If:
       FirstChoice == 'Coke' is a true value,
       or if 'Pepsi' is a true value,
       or if 'Water' is a true value,
     then do the following: ..."

Does this match what you are trying to do?

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 03:03:16 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 02:03:16 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 07/12/14 17:38, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:

> if __name__ == '__main__':

You don't really need that unless your code can be treated
as a module, which yours can't.

>      p = os.getcwd()
>      filename = "\get scale of choice.txt"
>      filepath = p + filename
>      sys.stdout = open(filepath, "w")

Why are you overwriting stdout with a file?
Why not just write to the file directly?
Usually if you do overwrite stdout you make a reference
to the old stdout first so you can restore it later.

>      os.startfile(filepath)

This tries to execute filepath, but you just opened it
in write mode which creates an empty file. So you are
trying to execute an empty file?

>      for i in data.info <http://data.info>:

What is data?
and what is the url like thing supposed to be?

Have you done a tutorial on Python?
Do you understand how the for loop works?
It needs an iterator/collection to operate on.

# print all the scale info
> to window
>          print i

This will print to stdout, which you have assigned
to a file above. So it won't print in any window.

>      run = True
>      while run:
>          scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
>          getscale = sys.stdin.raw_input(filepath)

Not sure what this is doing but raw_input reads from
stdin - it is not a method of stdin. And the argument to stdin is 
supposed to be a prompt to the user, you have passed a filename?

>          #getscale = raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")
>
>          if len(getscale) > 1:
>              getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]

getscale is commented out so this will raise an error.

>          else:
>              getscale = getscale.upper()

>          if getscale in data.scalenames:
>              scale = main(getscale)
>              print scale

Again, what is data?

>          elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or getscale == "":
>              run = False
>              print"exiting..."
>          else:
>              print "No such scale"

Again, these prints will go to your file since it is stdout.

> I need to get the stdin input from the text I type into the same text
> file that I have stdout at.

How would that work exactly?
You want to open the file in a text editor or somesuch? Then as you type 
into it you want Python to read the values you type? Before you save it? 
Or after? And you also want the output from Python to go into the file 
that you are editing? While you are editing it?

Can you explain exactly how the user is expected to use this combination 
of things?

It is not clear, very unlike any normal computing task and probably 
impossible. I suspect you have a concept in your mind but it's not
what you are describing here.

> How do I do that. None of the answers at
> stackoverflow got me going.

I'm not surproised, I think what you are asking is impossible
(or at least very difficult) , and even if it isn't it would be
a weird way of working.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Mon Dec  8 03:24:09 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 13:24:09 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <m62vvr$96v$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <m62vvr$96v$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20141208022409.GN9865@ando.pearwood.info>

On Mon, Dec 08, 2014 at 01:47:39AM +0000, Alan Gauld wrote:

> > FirstChoice = input ("Enter the item of your choice: ")
> > if FirstChoice == 'Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water':
> >    print ("That will be a total of ?",drinks)
> 
> The or statements don't do what you think.
> 
> Python sees it like:
> 
> if FirstChoice == ('Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):
> 
> So evaluates the bit in parens first which results in a boolean value of 
> True.


Actually it sees it as:

if ((FirstChoice == 'Coke') or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):

which will always evaluate as True.

*Technically* it will evaluate as either True or 'Pepsi', which is a 
truthy value, so the if block will always run.

What we actually want is one of these:

# The long way
if (FirstChoice == 'Coke') or (FirstChoice == 'Pepsi') or (FirstChoice == 'Water'):


# The short way
if FirstChoice in ('Coke', 'Pepsi', 'Water'):



-- 
Steven

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:14:51 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:14:51 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>	<m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54855DFB.2010603@btinternet.com>

Forwarding tom list
Please always use Reply All (or Reply List) to include the list.


On 08/12/14 03:11, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
> Dear Allen,
>
> :)
>
> Thank you very much for the responses but some things have been 
> totally misunderstood here. :)
>
> 1.What I want to do is to redirect the output of the program to a text 
> file instead of the standard Python output. That is why I opened the 
> text file. That part of the program works fine.
>
> 2. data is a py file named data.py which holds all the text I need to 
> be printed to the console. As it is an explanation of music theory and 
> will be large i have put it into a separate file which is loaded as a 
> module at the begining of the program. hence data.info 
> <http://data.info> which is a list of strings which are printed to the 
> scree. Hence in my program I open a text file and send the print out 
> put to that which is then printed to the text file. This works too.
>
> 3. When I ask for input in python the prompt which is usually in the 
> Python output console waits for the user input and returns that as a 
> string.
> 4.Insted of 3 above I would like the user to be able to type into a 
> text file which may be opened by the program to collect input. For 
> instance i open a text file named give_me_your_input.txt and then the 
> user types his requirement in that text file which is taken as a 
> string by the program which in turn either returns the appropriate answer.
>
> I know how to do everything else above except how to get the input 
> from the text file in real time.
>
> My program works without any flaws without any of the stdin or stdout 
> in the normal console.
>
> I hope this is clear enough to supply me with an answer.
>
> I thank you once again for your time and hope you can spare a little 
> more to help me on the way.
>
>
> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 7:33 AM, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com 
> <mailto:alan.gauld at btinternet.com>> wrote:
>
>     On 07/12/14 17:38, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
>
>         if __name__ == '__main__':
>
>
>     You don't really need that unless your code can be treated
>     as a module, which yours can't.
>
>              p = os.getcwd()
>              filename = "\get scale of choice.txt"
>              filepath = p + filename
>              sys.stdout = open(filepath, "w")
>
>
>     Why are you overwriting stdout with a file?
>     Why not just write to the file directly?
>     Usually if you do overwrite stdout you make a reference
>     to the old stdout first so you can restore it later.
>
>              os.startfile(filepath)
>
>
>     This tries to execute filepath, but you just opened it
>     in write mode which creates an empty file. So you are
>     trying to execute an empty file?
>
>              for i in data.info <http://data.info> <http://data.info>:
>
>
>     What is data?
>     and what is the url like thing supposed to be?
>
>     Have you done a tutorial on Python?
>     Do you understand how the for loop works?
>     It needs an iterator/collection to operate on.
>
>     # print all the scale info
>
>         to window
>                  print i
>
>
>     This will print to stdout, which you have assigned
>     to a file above. So it won't print in any window.
>
>              run = True
>              while run:
>                  scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
>                  getscale = sys.stdin.raw_input(filepath)
>
>
>     Not sure what this is doing but raw_input reads from
>     stdin - it is not a method of stdin. And the argument to stdin is
>     supposed to be a prompt to the user, you have passed a filename?
>
>                  #getscale = raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")
>
>                  if len(getscale) > 1:
>                      getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]
>
>
>     getscale is commented out so this will raise an error.
>
>                  else:
>                      getscale = getscale.upper()
>
>
>                  if getscale in data.scalenames:
>                      scale = main(getscale)
>                      print scale
>
>
>     Again, what is data?
>
>                  elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or getscale
>         == "":
>                      run = False
>                      print"exiting..."
>                  else:
>                      print "No such scale"
>
>
>     Again, these prints will go to your file since it is stdout.
>
>         I need to get the stdin input from the text I type into the
>         same text
>         file that I have stdout at.
>
>
>     How would that work exactly?
>     You want to open the file in a text editor or somesuch? Then as
>     you type into it you want Python to read the values you type?
>     Before you save it? Or after? And you also want the output from
>     Python to go into the file that you are editing? While you are
>     editing it?
>
>     Can you explain exactly how the user is expected to use this
>     combination of things?
>
>     It is not clear, very unlike any normal computing task and
>     probably impossible. I suspect you have a concept in your mind but
>     it's not
>     what you are describing here.
>
>         How do I do that. None of the answers at
>         stackoverflow got me going.
>
>
>     I'm not surproised, I think what you are asking is impossible
>     (or at least very difficult) , and even if it isn't it would be
>     a weird way of working.
>
>     -- 
>     Alan G
>     Author of the Learn to Program web site
>     http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>     http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>     Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>     http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     Tutor maillist  - Tutor at python.org <mailto:Tutor at python.org>
>     To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>     https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
>
>
> -- 
> Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
> http://www.diliupg.com
> http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
> **********************************************************************************************
> This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If you 
> are not the intended recipient or have received it in error, please 
> delete it and all copies from your system and notify the sender 
> immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading, reproducing, 
> printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or its contents is 
> strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet communications 
> cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or virus-free. The 
> sender does not accept liability for any errors or omissions.
> **********************************************************************************************
>


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:17:54 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:17:54 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <20141208022409.GN9865@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <m62vvr$96v$1@ger.gmane.org> <20141208022409.GN9865@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <m63mri$c8a$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 08/12/14 02:24, Steven D'Aprano wrote:

>> Python sees it like:
>>
>> if FirstChoice == ('Coke' or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):
>>
>> So evaluates the bit in parens first which results in a boolean value of
>> True.
>
>
> Actually it sees it as:
>
> if ((FirstChoice == 'Coke') or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):
>
> which will always evaluate as True.

Oops, you're right.
Always test...

> # The short way
> if FirstChoice in ('Coke', 'Pepsi', 'Water'):

Which is what I was suggesting so we get to the same end game :-)


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:15:28 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:15:28 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <CAMxbqSP4MGnCK6y_egcXhsS6=boFUXTf9OgcL2yLSYwkAJhmWg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>	<m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>	<CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>	<CAMxbqSPRg0GfApMFGeP=b4zFRfENp3DZGihdh0+G77argNue2A@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAMxbqSP4MGnCK6y_egcXhsS6=boFUXTf9OgcL2yLSYwkAJhmWg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54855E20.8020603@btinternet.com>

Forwarding tom list
Please always use Reply All (or Reply List) to include the list.

On 08/12/14 03:50, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
> I managed to get the output file and input file working.
> The output works fine but the input does not. It simply exits the 
> program. No crash. Exits.It DOES NOT WAIT FOR ME TO TYPE IN THE 
> inputfile.txt
>
> here is the program in all.
>
> I have attached the whole program if you think that will help.
> if __name__ == '__main__':
>     ## menna me kaalla to change the output path
>     p = os.getcwd()
>     outfile = "\output_file.txt"
>     infile = "\input_file.txt"
>
>     outfilepath = p + outfile
>     infilepath = p + infile
>
>     sys.stdout = open(outfilepath, "w+")
>     sys.stdin = open(infilepath, "w+")
>
>     os.startfile(outfilepath)
>     os.startfile(infilepath)
>     ##--------------------------------------------
>
>     for i in data.info <http://data.info>:  # print all the scale info 
> to window
>
>         print i
>
>     run = True
>
>     while run:
>         scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
>         ## menna input ganna thana
>         getscale = sys.stdin.readline()
>         raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")
>         ##---------------------------------------
>         print getscale
>
>
>
>         if len(getscale) > 1:
>             getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]
>         else:
>             getscale = getscale.upper()
>
>
>
>         if getscale in data.scalenames:
>
>             scale = main(getscale)
>
>             print scale
>
>         elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or getscale == "":
>             run = False
>             print"exiting..."
>
>         else:
>             print "No such scale"
>
> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 8:49 AM, diliup gabadamudalige 
> <diliupg at gmail.com <mailto:diliupg at gmail.com>> wrote:
>
>     I do not need to save any info in the text files opened for stdout
>     and stdin.
>     The text files are empty files used only for Python output or Input.
>     I only need to use them as standard output and input.
>     I do not need to both above in the same file.
>     They may be in two different files.
>     after the user gets his answers from the program, on exit the
>     files may be closed without saving.
>
>     Sorry for not adding the above in the previous email.
>     Thank you again.
>
>     On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 8:41 AM, diliup gabadamudalige
>     <diliupg at gmail.com <mailto:diliupg at gmail.com>> wrote:
>
>         Dear Allen,
>
>         :)
>
>         Thank you very much for the responses but some things have
>         been totally misunderstood here. :)
>
>         1.What I want to do is to redirect the output of the program
>         to a text file instead of the standard Python output. That is
>         why I opened the text file. That part of the program works fine.
>
>         2. data is a py file named data.py which holds all the text I
>         need to be printed to the console. As it is an explanation of
>         music theory and will be large i have put it into a separate
>         file which is loaded as a module at the begining of the
>         program. hence data.info <http://data.info> which is a list of
>         strings which are printed to the scree. Hence in my program I
>         open a text file and send the print out put to that which is
>         then printed to the text file. This works too.
>
>         3. When I ask for input in python the prompt which is usually
>         in the Python output console waits for the user input and
>         returns that as a string.
>         4.Insted of 3 above I would like the user to be able to type
>         into a text file which may be opened by the program to collect
>         input. For instance i open a text file named
>         give_me_your_input.txt and then the user types his requirement
>         in that text file which is taken as a string by the program
>         which in turn either returns the appropriate answer.
>
>         I know how to do everything else above except how to get the
>         input from the text file in real time.
>
>         My program works without any flaws without any of the stdin or
>         stdout in the normal console.
>
>         I hope this is clear enough to supply me with an answer.
>
>         I thank you once again for your time and hope you can spare a
>         little more to help me on the way.
>
>
>         On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 7:33 AM, Alan Gauld
>         <alan.gauld at btinternet.com <mailto:alan.gauld at btinternet.com>>
>         wrote:
>
>             On 07/12/14 17:38, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
>
>                 if __name__ == '__main__':
>
>
>             You don't really need that unless your code can be treated
>             as a module, which yours can't.
>
>                      p = os.getcwd()
>                      filename = "\get scale of choice.txt"
>                      filepath = p + filename
>                      sys.stdout = open(filepath, "w")
>
>
>             Why are you overwriting stdout with a file?
>             Why not just write to the file directly?
>             Usually if you do overwrite stdout you make a reference
>             to the old stdout first so you can restore it later.
>
>                      os.startfile(filepath)
>
>
>             This tries to execute filepath, but you just opened it
>             in write mode which creates an empty file. So you are
>             trying to execute an empty file?
>
>                      for i in data.info <http://data.info>
>                 <http://data.info>:
>
>
>             What is data?
>             and what is the url like thing supposed to be?
>
>             Have you done a tutorial on Python?
>             Do you understand how the for loop works?
>             It needs an iterator/collection to operate on.
>
>             # print all the scale info
>
>                 to window
>                          print i
>
>
>             This will print to stdout, which you have assigned
>             to a file above. So it won't print in any window.
>
>                      run = True
>                      while run:
>                          scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G",
>                 "A", "B"]
>                          getscale = sys.stdin.raw_input(filepath)
>
>
>             Not sure what this is doing but raw_input reads from
>             stdin - it is not a method of stdin. And the argument to
>             stdin is supposed to be a prompt to the user, you have
>             passed a filename?
>
>                          #getscale = raw_input("Which scale do you
>                 require?:")
>
>                          if len(getscale) > 1:
>                              getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]
>
>
>             getscale is commented out so this will raise an error.
>
>                          else:
>                              getscale = getscale.upper()
>
>
>                          if getscale in data.scalenames:
>                              scale = main(getscale)
>                              print scale
>
>
>             Again, what is data?
>
>                          elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or
>                 getscale == "":
>                              run = False
>                              print"exiting..."
>                          else:
>                              print "No such scale"
>
>
>             Again, these prints will go to your file since it is stdout.
>
>                 I need to get the stdin input from the text I type
>                 into the same text
>                 file that I have stdout at.
>
>
>             How would that work exactly?
>             You want to open the file in a text editor or somesuch?
>             Then as you type into it you want Python to read the
>             values you type? Before you save it? Or after? And you
>             also want the output from Python to go into the file that
>             you are editing? While you are editing it?
>
>             Can you explain exactly how the user is expected to use
>             this combination of things?
>
>             It is not clear, very unlike any normal computing task and
>             probably impossible. I suspect you have a concept in your
>             mind but it's not
>             what you are describing here.
>
>                 How do I do that. None of the answers at
>                 stackoverflow got me going.
>
>
>             I'm not surproised, I think what you are asking is impossible
>             (or at least very difficult) , and even if it isn't it
>             would be
>             a weird way of working.
>
>             -- 
>             Alan G
>             Author of the Learn to Program web site
>             http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>             http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>             Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>             http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
>             _______________________________________________
>             Tutor maillist  - Tutor at python.org <mailto:Tutor at python.org>
>             To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>             https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
>
>
>         -- 
>         Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
>         http://www.diliupg.com
>         http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
>         **********************************************************************************************
>         This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally
>         privileged. If you are not the intended recipient or have
>         received it in error, please delete it and all copies from
>         your system and notify the sender immediately by return
>         e-mail. Any unauthorized reading, reproducing, printing or
>         further dissemination of this e-mail or its contents is
>         strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet
>         communications cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure,
>         error or virus-free. The sender does not accept liability for
>         any errors or omissions.
>         **********************************************************************************************
>
>
>
>
>     -- 
>     Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
>     http://www.diliupg.com
>     http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
>     **********************************************************************************************
>     This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If
>     you are not the intended recipient or have received it in error,
>     please delete it and all copies from your system and notify the
>     sender immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading,
>     reproducing, printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or
>     its contents is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet
>     communications cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or
>     virus-free. The sender does not accept liability for any errors or
>     omissions.
>     **********************************************************************************************
>
>
>
>
> -- 
> Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
> http://www.diliupg.com
> http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
> **********************************************************************************************
> This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If you 
> are not the intended recipient or have received it in error, please 
> delete it and all copies from your system and notify the sender 
> immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading, reproducing, 
> printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or its contents is 
> strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet communications 
> cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or virus-free. The 
> sender does not accept liability for any errors or omissions.
> **********************************************************************************************
>


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:15:08 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:15:08 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <CAMxbqSPRg0GfApMFGeP=b4zFRfENp3DZGihdh0+G77argNue2A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>	<m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>	<CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAMxbqSPRg0GfApMFGeP=b4zFRfENp3DZGihdh0+G77argNue2A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54855E0C.1010006@btinternet.com>

Forwarding tom list
Please always use Reply All (or Reply List) to include the list.

On 08/12/14 03:19, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
> I do not need to save any info in the text files opened for stdout and 
> stdin.
> The text files are empty files used only for Python output or Input.
> I only need to use them as standard output and input.
> I do not need to both above in the same file.
> They may be in two different files.
> after the user gets his answers from the program, on exit the files 
> may be closed without saving.
>
> Sorry for not adding the above in the previous email.
> Thank you again.
>
> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 8:41 AM, diliup gabadamudalige 
> <diliupg at gmail.com <mailto:diliupg at gmail.com>> wrote:
>
>     Dear Allen,
>
>     :)
>
>     Thank you very much for the responses but some things have been
>     totally misunderstood here. :)
>
>     1.What I want to do is to redirect the output of the program to a
>     text file instead of the standard Python output. That is why I
>     opened the text file. That part of the program works fine.
>
>     2. data is a py file named data.py which holds all the text I need
>     to be printed to the console. As it is an explanation of music
>     theory and will be large i have put it into a separate file which
>     is loaded as a module at the begining of the program. hence
>     data.info <http://data.info> which is a list of strings which are
>     printed to the scree. Hence in my program I open a text file and
>     send the print out put to that which is then printed to the text
>     file. This works too.
>
>     3. When I ask for input in python the prompt which is usually in
>     the Python output console waits for the user input and returns
>     that as a string.
>     4.Insted of 3 above I would like the user to be able to type into
>     a text file which may be opened by the program to collect input.
>     For instance i open a text file named give_me_your_input.txt and
>     then the user types his requirement in that text file which is
>     taken as a string by the program which in turn either returns the
>     appropriate answer.
>
>     I know how to do everything else above except how to get the input
>     from the text file in real time.
>
>     My program works without any flaws without any of the stdin or
>     stdout in the normal console.
>
>     I hope this is clear enough to supply me with an answer.
>
>     I thank you once again for your time and hope you can spare a
>     little more to help me on the way.
>
>
>     On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 7:33 AM, Alan Gauld
>     <alan.gauld at btinternet.com <mailto:alan.gauld at btinternet.com>> wrote:
>
>         On 07/12/14 17:38, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
>
>             if __name__ == '__main__':
>
>
>         You don't really need that unless your code can be treated
>         as a module, which yours can't.
>
>                  p = os.getcwd()
>                  filename = "\get scale of choice.txt"
>                  filepath = p + filename
>                  sys.stdout = open(filepath, "w")
>
>
>         Why are you overwriting stdout with a file?
>         Why not just write to the file directly?
>         Usually if you do overwrite stdout you make a reference
>         to the old stdout first so you can restore it later.
>
>                  os.startfile(filepath)
>
>
>         This tries to execute filepath, but you just opened it
>         in write mode which creates an empty file. So you are
>         trying to execute an empty file?
>
>                  for i in data.info <http://data.info> <http://data.info>:
>
>
>         What is data?
>         and what is the url like thing supposed to be?
>
>         Have you done a tutorial on Python?
>         Do you understand how the for loop works?
>         It needs an iterator/collection to operate on.
>
>         # print all the scale info
>
>             to window
>                      print i
>
>
>         This will print to stdout, which you have assigned
>         to a file above. So it won't print in any window.
>
>                  run = True
>                  while run:
>                      scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
>                      getscale = sys.stdin.raw_input(filepath)
>
>
>         Not sure what this is doing but raw_input reads from
>         stdin - it is not a method of stdin. And the argument to stdin
>         is supposed to be a prompt to the user, you have passed a
>         filename?
>
>                      #getscale = raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")
>
>                      if len(getscale) > 1:
>                          getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]
>
>
>         getscale is commented out so this will raise an error.
>
>                      else:
>                          getscale = getscale.upper()
>
>
>                      if getscale in data.scalenames:
>                          scale = main(getscale)
>                          print scale
>
>
>         Again, what is data?
>
>                      elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or
>             getscale == "":
>                          run = False
>                          print"exiting..."
>                      else:
>                          print "No such scale"
>
>
>         Again, these prints will go to your file since it is stdout.
>
>             I need to get the stdin input from the text I type into
>             the same text
>             file that I have stdout at.
>
>
>         How would that work exactly?
>         You want to open the file in a text editor or somesuch? Then
>         as you type into it you want Python to read the values you
>         type? Before you save it? Or after? And you also want the
>         output from Python to go into the file that you are editing?
>         While you are editing it?
>
>         Can you explain exactly how the user is expected to use this
>         combination of things?
>
>         It is not clear, very unlike any normal computing task and
>         probably impossible. I suspect you have a concept in your mind
>         but it's not
>         what you are describing here.
>
>             How do I do that. None of the answers at
>             stackoverflow got me going.
>
>
>         I'm not surproised, I think what you are asking is impossible
>         (or at least very difficult) , and even if it isn't it would be
>         a weird way of working.
>
>         -- 
>         Alan G
>         Author of the Learn to Program web site
>         http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>         http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>         Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>         http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
>         _______________________________________________
>         Tutor maillist  - Tutor at python.org <mailto:Tutor at python.org>
>         To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>         https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
>
>
>
>     -- 
>     Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
>     http://www.diliupg.com
>     http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
>     **********************************************************************************************
>     This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If
>     you are not the intended recipient or have received it in error,
>     please delete it and all copies from your system and notify the
>     sender immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading,
>     reproducing, printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or
>     its contents is strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet
>     communications cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or
>     virus-free. The sender does not accept liability for any errors or
>     omissions.
>     **********************************************************************************************
>
>
>
>
> -- 
> Diliup Gabadamudalige
>
> http://www.diliupg.com
> http://soft.diliupg.com/
>
> **********************************************************************************************
> This e-mail is confidential. It may also be legally privileged. If you 
> are not the intended recipient or have received it in error, please 
> delete it and all copies from your system and notify the sender 
> immediately by return e-mail. Any unauthorized reading, reproducing, 
> printing or further dissemination of this e-mail or its contents is 
> strictly prohibited and may be unlawful. Internet communications 
> cannot be guaranteed to be timely, secure, error or virus-free. The 
> sender does not accept liability for any errors or omissions.
> **********************************************************************************************
>


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:39:10 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:39:10 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <54855DFB.2010603@btinternet.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>	<m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54855DFB.2010603@btinternet.com>
Message-ID: <m63o3e$18p$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 08/12/14 08:14, Alan Gauld wrote:

>> 1.What I want to do is to redirect the output of the program to a text
>> file instead of the standard Python output. That is why I opened the
>> text file. That part of the program works fine.

Thats OK, although its still usual to keep a reference to the real 
stdout in case you want to print to it.

>> 2. data is a py file named data.py which holds all the text
>> ...into a separate file which is loaded as a
>> module at the begining of the program. hence data.info

Your code doesn't show that?

>> <http://data.info> which is a list of strings which are printed to the
>> scree. Hence in my program I open a text file and send the print out
>> put to that which is then printed to the text file. This works too.

I don't understand how the <http://data.info> thing can work. Its not a 
string and not a valid variable name and a for loop won't work on a 
construct like that. OK, I just went back to your original message.
I see that the url is being generated by my mail reader from what is 
presumably an HTML post. You actually just had data.info in your code.
Apologies, but it shows the dangers of posting to a text based list 
using HTML... :-(

>> 3. When I ask for input in python the prompt which is usually in the
>> Python output console waits for the user input and returns that as a
>> string.
>> 4.Insted of 3 above I would like the user to be able to type into a
>> text file which may be opened by the program to collect input.

OK, Just to clarify. You expect the file to already exist before the 
program runs? How does Python learn the name of this file?
Normally you would pass it into the program as a parameter or use 
redirection.

In fact it sounds like redirection would solve most of your problems here.

You can write the program to output to normal stdout and read from 
normal stdin.

When you start the program you can redirect those at the command
line like:

$ python myscript >myoutfile.txt < myinfile.txt.

Would that do what you want?

>> instance i open a text file named give_me_your_input.txt and then the
>> user types his requirement in that text file which is taken as a
>> string by the program which in turn either returns the appropriate
>> answer.

This is the bit I don;t understand. It still sounds like you want the 
user to open the file and type in it while your python code is running?
Can you elaborate on how that works? How exactly would your user 
interact with the computer in this scenario?

>> I know how to do everything else above except how to get the input
>> from the text file in real time.

raw_input can read from a file that already exists. It just reads one 
line at a time. You just need to modify sys,stdin in the same way you 
modified sys.stdout. Is that all you want? Or do you want raw_input to 
read changes in a file as its being edited by a user? That's much
harder - maybe impossible.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec  8 09:53:02 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 08 Dec 2014 08:53:02 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] getting input for stdin
In-Reply-To: <54855E20.8020603@btinternet.com>
References: <CAMxbqSPakROs35PnWu11XLJk4qBYhxNGZNz89K5ROmF-zB76Sw@mail.gmail.com>	<m630t4$mfa$1@ger.gmane.org>	<CAMxbqSMKWJPTSPy1gL3uw3x2j7CUXchVKH28BivZnHuyhRKcVQ@mail.gmail.com>	<CAMxbqSPRg0GfApMFGeP=b4zFRfENp3DZGihdh0+G77argNue2A@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAMxbqSP4MGnCK6y_egcXhsS6=boFUXTf9OgcL2yLSYwkAJhmWg@mail.gmail.com>
 <54855E20.8020603@btinternet.com>
Message-ID: <m63ote$etc$1@ger.gmane.org>


> On 08/12/14 03:50, diliup gabadamudalige wrote:
>> I managed to get the output file and input file working.
>> The output works fine but the input does not. It simply exits the
>> program. No crash. Exits.It DOES NOT WAIT FOR ME TO TYPE IN THE
>> inputfile.txt

Can you show us what your input file looks like?

>> if __name__ == '__main__':
>>     ## menna me kaalla to change the output path
>>     p = os.getcwd()
>>     outfile = "\output_file.txt"
>>     infile = "\input_file.txt"

One point, you probably should make these raw strings otherwise the 
first character may get interpreted as a specioal one due to the back slash:

    infile = r"\input_file.txt"

I assume you are running on Windows?
And you use the \ as a path specifier?

>>     outfilepath = p + outfile
>>     infilepath = p + infile

You should use os.path.join to do this safely and portably.

>>     sys.stdout = open(outfilepath, "w+")
>>     sys.stdin = open(infilepath, "w+")

You probably should make the input have read mode.
Using 'w+' for an input is not usually what you want.

>>     os.startfile(outfilepath)
>>     os.startfile(infilepath)

What do you think this does? I suspect it starts a
copy of Notepad running? Is that right? Any changes in the files
will not be reflected in Notepad, and any changes in Notepad
will not be reflected in the files until the user saves the file.

However you may also have problems opening the files since the
OS should have put a lock on them when Python opened them in
write mode.

>>     run = True
>>     while run:
>>         scaletemplate = ["C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "A", "B"]
>>         getscale = sys.stdin.readline()
>>         raw_input("Which scale do you require?:")

I suspect the prompt will get printed on the console (using stderr)
but you are not assigning the return value (from infile.txt) to anything 
so it will get lost.

I suspect you want to reverse those lines and use a print:

       print "Which scale do you require?:"
       getscale = sys.stdin.readline()

>>         if len(getscale) > 1:
>>             getscale = getscale[0].upper() + getscale[1:]

Don't you only want the first character? Otherwise it might mess up the 
'in' test below. If not, you could use string.capitalize() to do it in a 
single operation.

>>         else:
>>             getscale = getscale.upper()

>>         if getscale in data.scalenames:
>>             scale = main(getscale)

Where did main() come from? It's not defined in your code?

>>             print scale
>>
>>         elif getscale == "Q" or getscale == "X" or getscale == "":
>>             run = False
>>             print"exiting..."

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From colin.ross.dal at gmail.com  Mon Dec  8 16:48:41 2014
From: colin.ross.dal at gmail.com (Colin Ross)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 11:48:41 -0400
Subject: [Tutor] Plotting subsets of data
Message-ID: <CAB80X9F1-3sNqs5kFvtFywR5LkiWaWs52m8awgrKyuEf9Xzs=A@mail.gmail.com>

Good afternoon,

I am using the following to code to plot the output from an optical encoder:

import numpy as np
from numpy import ma, logical_or
import pylab
from pylab import *
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.ticker import AutoMinorLocator
import sys

# Defining x and y minorlocator

xminorLocator=AutoMinorLocator()
yminorLocator=AutoMinorLocator()

# Load data from .txt file

data = np.loadtxt('2014_12_04-16_30_03.txt',skiprows = 0 ,usecols = (0,1))

print "\n Chopper Test for X-SPEC Prototype"
print "\n  Time (sec)     Pos (deg)"
print data

# Place column data in array to be plotted

time = np.array(data[:,0])
print "Time (sec):"
#print time

pos = np.array(data[:,1])
print "Position (deg):"
print pos

# Setting minor ticks

ax = plt.subplot(111)
ax.xaxis.set_minor_locator(xminorLocator)
ax.yaxis.set_minor_locator(yminorLocator)

#Plotting commands.

subplot(2,1,1)
plot(time, pos, 'ro')
title('Encoder Output')
ylabel('Pos (deg)')

subplot(2,1,2)
plot(t_small, pos, 'ro')
xlabel('Time (sec)')
ylabel('Pos (deg)')

show()

The desired result is a square wave, but this is not readily available from
the plot (see attached). For the subplot(2,1,2) I would like to plot the
output over a 5 second interval so that the behaviour becomes more evident.
Can someone please advise me as to the easiest way isolate the first 5
seconds of data?

Thank you.
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From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec  8 20:49:16 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 11:49:16 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Plotting subsets of data
In-Reply-To: <CAB80X9F1-3sNqs5kFvtFywR5LkiWaWs52m8awgrKyuEf9Xzs=A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAB80X9F1-3sNqs5kFvtFywR5LkiWaWs52m8awgrKyuEf9Xzs=A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF7wAyZh1aLbZ22nprdWoYzwDbahXnTTxYK9=Dp9zMc=yw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 7:48 AM, Colin Ross <colin.ross.dal at gmail.com> wrote:
> Good afternoon,
>
> I am using the following to code to plot the output from an optical encoder:

Hi Colin,

Matplotlib is a third-party library, so you may also consider asking
the matplotlib folks.

>From a brief look at:

    http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/users/pyplot_tutorial.html#working-with-multiple-figures-and-axes

it appears that you can override the default axis, and specify xmin,
ymin, xmax, and ymax values.

    http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.axis

For your particular case, you may want to just limit your x axis, in
which case xlim() might be appropriate.

    http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.xlim


If all else fails, just filter your data before submitting it to the
grapher.  The program loads data here, using loadtxt
(http://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.loadtxt.html):

    data = np.loadtxt('2014_12_04-16_30_03.txt',skiprows = 0 ,usecols = (0,1))

and it's just a numpy array: you can manipulate numpy arrays.   See:

    http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26154711/filter-rows-of-a-numpy-array

as an example of an approach.

From colin.ross.dal at gmail.com  Mon Dec  8 21:10:59 2014
From: colin.ross.dal at gmail.com (Colin Ross)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 16:10:59 -0400
Subject: [Tutor] Plotting subsets of data
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF7wAyZh1aLbZ22nprdWoYzwDbahXnTTxYK9=Dp9zMc=yw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAB80X9F1-3sNqs5kFvtFywR5LkiWaWs52m8awgrKyuEf9Xzs=A@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7wAyZh1aLbZ22nprdWoYzwDbahXnTTxYK9=Dp9zMc=yw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAB80X9FSh74g=xfdDhkeeCxOhWMqYeSq2J_dWdgt03NhoGgqPg@mail.gmail.com>

Perfect, thank you Danny!

On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 3:49 PM, Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org> wrote:

> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 7:48 AM, Colin Ross <colin.ross.dal at gmail.com>
> wrote:
> > Good afternoon,
> >
> > I am using the following to code to plot the output from an optical
> encoder:
>
> Hi Colin,
>
> Matplotlib is a third-party library, so you may also consider asking
> the matplotlib folks.
>
> From a brief look at:
>
>
> http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/users/pyplot_tutorial.html#working-with-multiple-figures-and-axes
>
> it appears that you can override the default axis, and specify xmin,
> ymin, xmax, and ymax values.
>
>     http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.axis
>
> For your particular case, you may want to just limit your x axis, in
> which case xlim() might be appropriate.
>
>     http://matplotlib.org/1.4.2/api/pyplot_api.html#matplotlib.pyplot.xlim
>
>
> If all else fails, just filter your data before submitting it to the
> grapher.  The program loads data here, using loadtxt
> (http://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.loadtxt.html):
>
>     data = np.loadtxt('2014_12_04-16_30_03.txt',skiprows = 0 ,usecols =
> (0,1))
>
> and it's just a numpy array: you can manipulate numpy arrays.   See:
>
>
> http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26154711/filter-rows-of-a-numpy-array
>
> as an example of an approach.
>
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From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec  8 22:22:22 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 13:22:22 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 12:14 PM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com> wrote:
> The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
> When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the options
> and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if this is a
> problem with the loops?
>

Please use Reply to All on this mailing list, so that all of us here
can help respond.  I have a day job, so sometimes I actually have to
do something other than answer email.  :P

>From your description, it sounds like you should look at the
*conditions* in your if statements, because they aren't branching in a
way that you want.  Other replies to your thread should point out
things you want to look at.  Read all the replies, and start asking
questions when you hit something you don't understand.  This is a
conversation: we'll listen to what you're saying.


Also, be careful about what terms you are using.  You are using the
term "loop", and have done so repeatedly, but there are no loops in
your program, as Alan has pointed out earlier.

From 2010-3902 at slougheton.com  Mon Dec  8 23:49:14 2014
From: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com (Awais Idris)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 22:49:14 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>

Ok thank you i appreciate your help

On Monday, 8 December 2014, Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org> wrote:

> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 12:14 PM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com
> <javascript:;>> wrote:
> > The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
> > When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the
> options
> > and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if this
> is a
> > problem with the loops?
> >
>
> Please use Reply to All on this mailing list, so that all of us here
> can help respond.  I have a day job, so sometimes I actually have to
> do something other than answer email.  :P
>
> From your description, it sounds like you should look at the
> *conditions* in your if statements, because they aren't branching in a
> way that you want.  Other replies to your thread should point out
> things you want to look at.  Read all the replies, and start asking
> questions when you hit something you don't understand.  This is a
> conversation: we'll listen to what you're saying.
>
>
> Also, be careful about what terms you are using.  You are using the
> term "loop", and have done so repeatedly, but there are no loops in
> your program, as Alan has pointed out earlier.
>
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From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Tue Dec  9 00:34:21 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 15:34:21 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF6iU+u2NYW+RcRZ0yUFgfh9q1-WafmyZUJaaBn_JUrxUw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 3:06 PM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com> wrote:
> The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
> When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the options
> and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if this is a
> problem with the statements?

Hi Awais,

Yes, there is a problem that we can see.  Look for Alan and Stephen's
responses in your email inbox.  They should explain what's going on,
and how to correct the bug.  Can you confirm that you're getting these
emails from them?


You can also see these responses if you look at the email archive.


Your question:

     https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103581.html

and the responses:

    https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103584.html
    https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103586.html
    https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103588.html
    https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103590.html

From 2010-3902 at slougheton.com  Tue Dec  9 00:06:48 2014
From: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com (Awais Idris)
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2014 23:06:48 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>

The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the
options and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if
this is a problem with the statements?

On 8 December 2014 at 22:49, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com> wrote:

> Ok thank you i appreciate your help
>
> On Monday, 8 December 2014, Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org> wrote:
>
>> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 12:14 PM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com>
>> wrote:
>> > The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
>> > When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the
>> options
>> > and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if this
>> is a
>> > problem with the loops?
>> >
>>
>> Please use Reply to All on this mailing list, so that all of us here
>> can help respond.  I have a day job, so sometimes I actually have to
>> do something other than answer email.  :P
>>
>> From your description, it sounds like you should look at the
>> *conditions* in your if statements, because they aren't branching in a
>> way that you want.  Other replies to your thread should point out
>> things you want to look at.  Read all the replies, and start asking
>> questions when you hit something you don't understand.  This is a
>> conversation: we'll listen to what you're saying.
>>
>>
>> Also, be careful about what terms you are using.  You are using the
>> term "loop", and have done so repeatedly, but there are no loops in
>> your program, as Alan has pointed out earlier.
>>
>
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From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec  9 11:58:10 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 10:58:10 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m66kk2$j89$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 08/12/14 23:06, Awais Idris wrote:
> The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
> When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the
> options and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if
> this is a problem with the statements?

As Danny pointed out both Steven and I suggested a better way to test. 
In case you missed it here is Steven's response:

################################
Actually it sees it as:

if ((FirstChoice == 'Coke') or 'Pepsi' or 'Water'):

which will always evaluate as True.

*Technically* it will evaluate as either True or 'Pepsi', which is a
truthy value, so the if block will always run.

What we actually want is one of these:

# The long way
if (FirstChoice == 'Coke') or (FirstChoice == 'Pepsi') or (FirstChoice 
== 'Water'):


# The short way
if FirstChoice in ('Coke', 'Pepsi', 'Water'):

###################################

And since you already have the drinks in a set you can
shorten the last line even further to:

if FirstChoice in drinks:



-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From hanzer at riseup.net  Tue Dec  9 16:31:28 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 2014 10:31:28 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Memory management in Python
In-Reply-To: <CAD1RbrrjGVfpe8dKpqyo5MA6KGq4Zw2Gf3dczCrBE+P=Qx6tJw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAD3uMuwho+E5oW1vXtLJFbfSPgFAyRX5=jMQkKNcyzBLnt-dpg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAD1RbrrjGVfpe8dKpqyo5MA6KGq4Zw2Gf3dczCrBE+P=Qx6tJw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141209103128.badbbdb56acf951e73f05e29@riseup.net>

On Wed, 26 Nov 2014 14:08:53 +0000
Ra?l Cumplido <raulcumplido at gmail.com> wrote:

> This web is quite useful to visualize what is happening:
> http://www.pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit
> 

Very nifty web app, thanks for the link!

From lufimtse at redhat.com  Tue Dec  9 16:39:46 2014
From: lufimtse at redhat.com (Leo Ufimtsev)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 10:39:46 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Memory management in Python
In-Reply-To: <20141209103128.badbbdb56acf951e73f05e29@riseup.net>
References: <CAD3uMuwho+E5oW1vXtLJFbfSPgFAyRX5=jMQkKNcyzBLnt-dpg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAD1RbrrjGVfpe8dKpqyo5MA6KGq4Zw2Gf3dczCrBE+P=Qx6tJw@mail.gmail.com>
 <20141209103128.badbbdb56acf951e73f05e29@riseup.net>
Message-ID: <548717C2.6070902@redhat.com>

Thanks for sharing.

On 12/09/2014 10:31 AM, Adam Jensen wrote:
> On Wed, 26 Nov 2014 14:08:53 +0000
> Ra?l Cumplido <raulcumplido at gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> This web is quite useful to visualize what is happening:
>> http://www.pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit
>>
>
> Very nifty web app, thanks for the link!
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>

From 2010-3902 at slougheton.com  Tue Dec  9 18:50:05 2014
From: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com (Awais Idris)
Date: Tue, 9 Dec 2014 17:50:05 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF6iU+u2NYW+RcRZ0yUFgfh9q1-WafmyZUJaaBn_JUrxUw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF6iU+u2NYW+RcRZ0yUFgfh9q1-WafmyZUJaaBn_JUrxUw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOmD=Pd0LQfeHYqHa6Qribs-yj-LreOiequBtTMdZrHtnZAQmQ@mail.gmail.com>

I haven't got a reply from alan and stephen

On 8 December 2014 at 23:34, Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org> wrote:

> On Mon, Dec 8, 2014 at 3:06 PM, Awais Idris <2010-3902 at slougheton.com>
> wrote:
> > The problem is when i enter my first choice it accepts it fine and well.
> > When it says would you like a second item, andi say yes it listd the
> options
> > and says have a good day and the program cuts off. In wondering if this
> is a
> > problem with the statements?
>
> Hi Awais,
>
> Yes, there is a problem that we can see.  Look for Alan and Stephen's
> responses in your email inbox.  They should explain what's going on,
> and how to correct the bug.  Can you confirm that you're getting these
> emails from them?
>
>
> You can also see these responses if you look at the email archive.
>
>
> Your question:
>
>      https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103581.html
>
> and the responses:
>
>     https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103584.html
>     https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103586.html
>     https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103588.html
>     https://mail.python.org/pipermail/tutor/2014-December/103590.html
>

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec  9 22:51:03 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 21:51:03 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=Pd0LQfeHYqHa6Qribs-yj-LreOiequBtTMdZrHtnZAQmQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF6iU+u2NYW+RcRZ0yUFgfh9q1-WafmyZUJaaBn_JUrxUw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd0LQfeHYqHa6Qribs-yj-LreOiequBtTMdZrHtnZAQmQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54876EC7.5000006@btinternet.com>

On 09/12/14 17:50, Awais Idris wrote:
> I haven't got a reply from alan and stephen

You should have gotten another one from me, quoting Steven's
response, earlier today.

How are you reading the list? Is it by email or are you using an archive 
or newsfeed. (For example I use the gmane.org newsfeed)

And are you checking the email account that you subscribed with?
I notice that this address: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com
is not registered on the tutor mailing list, so won't be
getting sent any responses.

>> Yes, there is a problem that we can see.  Look for Alan and Stephen's
>> responses in your email inbox.  They should explain what's going on,
>> and how to correct the bug.  Can you confirm that you're getting these
>> emails from them?

PS. I'm using ReplyAll rather than ReplyLiust to ensure Awais gets
the mail, apologies for any duplicates received by other recipients.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec  9 22:51:03 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 09 Dec 2014 21:51:03 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Coding
In-Reply-To: <CAOmD=Pd0LQfeHYqHa6Qribs-yj-LreOiequBtTMdZrHtnZAQmQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAOmD=PdS6wt0_z5ep5_ot+x_CRkhkVWH4t0D5fsP3ZCA94GHPw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5eEmV62CK=XJ9Mh8WbEbL=YVThAw+17rDX=Ub2H_zWZg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeKKegJ4Pq1TNOzt=sp9qOP6_Rh1tPCnUmGCLgSnpGukg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF7JJWvwq5ufVWrUmEXBKX+gQwFYZ90E9WKzexScVyehJg@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=PeSCNhAmiUUsjrEzptDk3-bdLwvz01=kvo+PvJj3uPxZA@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd_7AsrUxEH0DTD133sdN4NEiecAXbkdbkx95+av2cMug@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF6iU+u2NYW+RcRZ0yUFgfh9q1-WafmyZUJaaBn_JUrxUw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOmD=Pd0LQfeHYqHa6Qribs-yj-LreOiequBtTMdZrHtnZAQmQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54876EC7.5000006@btinternet.com>

On 09/12/14 17:50, Awais Idris wrote:
> I haven't got a reply from alan and stephen

You should have gotten another one from me, quoting Steven's
response, earlier today.

How are you reading the list? Is it by email or are you using an archive 
or newsfeed. (For example I use the gmane.org newsfeed)

And are you checking the email account that you subscribed with?
I notice that this address: 2010-3902 at slougheton.com
is not registered on the tutor mailing list, so won't be
getting sent any responses.

>> Yes, there is a problem that we can see.  Look for Alan and Stephen's
>> responses in your email inbox.  They should explain what's going on,
>> and how to correct the bug.  Can you confirm that you're getting these
>> emails from them?

PS. I'm using ReplyAll rather than ReplyLiust to ensure Awais gets
the mail, apologies for any duplicates received by other recipients.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From wallenpb at gmail.com  Thu Dec 11 01:42:38 2014
From: wallenpb at gmail.com (Bill Allen)
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2014 18:42:38 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] cx_Oracle and Pyinstaller
Message-ID: <CACrcdXvUi1NbhabTLd6cZspr83J-eZsf-9DAe8uZOBv3g-hkgQ@mail.gmail.com>

I have had success with producing a single file executable from a Python
script that includes cx_Oracle.  Here are the details.  Hopefully this will
also help someone struggling to get this working.


OS was Windows 7 Pro 64 bit.

Python was 2.7.8 32 bit.

cx_Oracle-5.13 for 2.7

PyInstaller-2.1

Python script oracle_connect.py, this was my program.

Oracle 11g instant client DLL files, OCI.dll and oraociei11.dll (OCI.dll
seems to stay constant from version to version of Oracle, but the other DLL
file's name will change with Oracle versions.)

A properly designed tnsnames.ora file.  This contains the necessary
connection information for your Oracle database.

A Pyinstaller-2.1 .spec file to make sure Pyinstaller did everything that
was needed to produce the single file .exe.  Pyinstaller-2.1 will not
automatically include both DLLs into the .exe without using a .spec file.
It does pick up the OCI.dll file automatically, but not oraociei11.dll.


First, I began by writing my Python script, which imports cx_Oracle, makes
the connection to the database, and does some work.  My working directory
was C:\Python27, so the script, two DLL files and .ora file were all placed
there.  Test the code to make sure that via the interpreter the script
interacted with the database correctly.


Second, I ran Pyinstaller-2.1 against the oracle_connect.py script without
the -F option (for single file .exe).  This created an oracle_connect.spec
file which I used as a template which was edited to include the needed
settings.


Third, I edited the oracle_connect.spec file (see bellow) to specify a
single file executable and to include the oraociei11.dll in the compilation
 The paths were specific to my installation environment and where I had
placed by Python source file and other files, adjust to match your
environment.  This oracle_connect.spec file I then placed in my
c:\Python27\PyInstaller-2.1 direcory.  Then I executed the following to
produce the single file executable.

C:\Python27\PyInstaller-2.1>..\python.exe .\pyinstaller.py
.\oracle_connect.spec


The resulting oracle_connect.exe may now be distributed without including
loose DLLs.  The only additional file needed is the tnsnames.ora file.
This cannot be compiled into the program and must reside in the same
location as the executable program.  It is a configuration file for the
communications parameters necessary to make the connection to the Oracle
database.  I include a sample of a tnsnames.ora file below.


oracle_connect.spec file contents:

# -*- mode: python -*-
a = Analysis(['..\\oracle_connect.py'],
             pathex=['C:\\Python27\\PyInstaller-2.1\\oracle_connect'],
             hiddenimports=[],
             hookspath=None,
             runtime_hooks=None)
pyz = PYZ(a.pure)
exe = EXE(pyz,
          a.scripts,
          a.binaries  +
[('oraociei11.dll','c:\python27\oraociei11.dll','BINARY')],
          a.zipfiles,
          a.datas,
          name='oracle_connect.exe',
          debug=False,
          strip=None,
          upx=False,
          console=True )


Sample tnsnames.ora, values in <> are Oracle installation specific, contact
your local Oracle admin for the correct values to use.

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File

<Oracle instance name> =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = <FQDN or IP>)(PORT = <1521>))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = <Oracle service name>)
    )
  )




-- 


--Bill Allen

From matthew.nappi at stonybrook.edu  Thu Dec 11 05:20:12 2014
From: matthew.nappi at stonybrook.edu (Matthew Nappi)
Date: Wed, 10 Dec 2014 23:20:12 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] While Loop Help
Message-ID: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>

Hello All:



I am working on the challenges from ?Python Programming for the Absolute
Beginner? Chapter 3.  I am asked to modify the original code pasted below
to limit the number of guesses a player has to guess the number.  I did so
(code pasted below); however if a player guesses the right number they
still receive an ending message indicating that they failed.  How can I
modify the code without using any advanced techniques to have a different
message in the event of a successful guess?  Thanks in advance!



*Original Code:*



# Guess My Number

#

# The computer picks a random number between 1 and 100

# The player tries to guess it and the computer lets

# the player know if the guess is too high, too low

# or right on the money



import random



print("\tWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!")

print("\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.")

print("Try to guess it in as few attempts as possible.\n")



# set the initial values

the_number = random.randint(1, 100)

guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))

tries = 1



# guessing loop

while guess != the_number:

    if guess > the_number:

        print("Lower...")

    else:

        print("Higher...")



    guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))

    tries += 1



print("You guessed it!  The number was", the_number)

print("And it only took you", tries, "tries!\n")



input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")



*My Modified Code:*



# Guess My Number

#

# The computer picks a random number between 1 and 100

# The player tries to guess it and the computer lets

# the player know if the guess is too high, too low

# or right on the money



import random



print("\tWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!")

print("\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.")

print("Try to guess it in as few attempts as possible.\n")



# set the initial values

the_number = random.randint(1, 100)

guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))

tries = 1



# guessing loop

while guess != the_number and tries < 10:

    if guess > the_number:

        print("Lower...")

    elif guess < the_number:

        print("Higher...")

    else:

        print("You win.")



    guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))

    tries += 1



print("You fail!  The number was", the_number)



input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Thu Dec 11 11:20:23 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 10:20:23 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] While Loop Help
In-Reply-To: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>
References: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6br57$q01$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 11/12/14 04:20, Matthew Nappi wrote:

> (code pasted below); however if a player guesses the right number they
> still receive an ending message indicating that they failed.  How can I
> modify the code without using any advanced techniques to have a different
> message in the event of a successful guess?  Thanks in advance!

> import random
>
> print("\tWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!")
> print("\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.")
> print("Try to guess it in as few attempts as possible.\n")
>
> the_number = random.randint(1, 100)
> guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
> tries = 1
>
> while guess != the_number and tries < 10:
>      if guess > the_number:
>          print("Lower...")
>      elif guess < the_number:
>          print("Higher...")
>      else:
>          print("You win.")
>      guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
>      tries += 1

So far so good, except that you probably don;t want
the winner to have to input another number after
being told he already won.

You can avoid that by making the initial value for
guess be something invalid, then move the input
line to the top of the while loop:

guess = 0

while guess != the_number and tries < 10:
     guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
     tries += 1
     ... the if/else code here.

> print("You fail!  The number was", the_number)

But you always print this regardless of the result.
You need to put a test around it to check whether
the guess equals the number and only print this
if it is not.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Thu Dec 11 12:39:57 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 22:39:57 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] While Loop Help
In-Reply-To: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>
References: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141211113957.GD20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Wed, Dec 10, 2014 at 11:20:12PM -0500, Matthew Nappi wrote:

> I am working on the challenges from ?Python Programming for the Absolute
> Beginner? Chapter 3.  I am asked to modify the original code pasted below
> to limit the number of guesses a player has to guess the number.  I did so
> (code pasted below); however if a player guesses the right number they
> still receive an ending message indicating that they failed.  How can I
> modify the code without using any advanced techniques to have a different
> message in the event of a successful guess?  Thanks in advance!

[...]
> *My Modified Code:*

> import random
> print("\tWelcome to 'Guess My Number'!")
> print("\nI'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100.")
> print("Try to guess it in as few attempts as possible.\n")
> 
> # set the initial values
> the_number = random.randint(1, 100)
> guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
> tries = 1
> 
> # guessing loop
> while guess != the_number and tries < 10:
>     if guess > the_number:
>         print("Lower...")
>     elif guess < the_number:
>         print("Higher...")
>     else:
>         print("You win.")
>     guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
>     tries += 1


Follow the code: start at the top of the while loop. The next thing that 
happens is that the computer checks whether guess > the number, 
otherwise whether guess < the number, otherwise they must be equal. 
Whichever one happens, a message is printed. What happens next?

The next line executes, which says "take a guess". That isn't right, 
since that forces the player to guess even after they've won.

There are a few ways to deal with that. One way would be to change the 
while loop to something like this:


the_number = random.randint(1, 100)
guess = -999999   # Guaranteed to not equal the_number.
tries = 0  # Haven't guessed yet.
while guess != the_number and and tries < 10:
    tries += 1
    guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
    if guess < the_number:
        print("too low")
    elif guess > the_number:
        print("too high")
    else:
        print("you win!")


Notice how this differs from the earlier version? Instead of asking the 
player to guess at the *end* of the loop, after checking whether the 
guess was right, you ask the player to guess at the *start* of the loop. 
That means you don't need an extra guess at the beginning, and it means 
you don't get an extra, unneeded guess even after you win.

Now let's move on to the next line:

> print("You fail!  The number was", the_number)

This line *always prints*, regardless of whether you have won or not. 
The easiest way to fix that is to just check whether or not the player 
guessed correctly:

if guess != the_number:
    print("You fail!  The number was", the_number)


-- 
Steven

From james at uplinkzero.com  Thu Dec 11 12:42:38 2014
From: james at uplinkzero.com (James Chapman)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 11:42:38 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Does the user need to install Python,
 when we deploy our c++ products using python?
In-Reply-To: <CAHvkzyk6JdAw61HtXsbhaP60sEVeD3f5gXPiWWxq209iPa6abw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAHvkzyk6JdAw61HtXsbhaP60sEVeD3f5gXPiWWxq209iPa6abw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAHvkzy=VspANn3A0JLT4SnSfpK8cnp7X3HgMXeBQZOnky-mj-w@mail.gmail.com>

Actually, after re-reading your original message I think I misunderstood
and went off on a tangent.

If you are embedding python into a C++ app, then you will need the dlls and
all of the compiled python code. *.pyc. (Well most, not all). The exact
location of these files in the final build I'm unsure of.



--
James

On 11 December 2014 at 11:39, James Chapman <james at uplinkzero.com> wrote:

>
> On 2 December 2014 at 20:28, gordon zhang <zhanggordon999 at gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> I downloaded python 3.4.2 for c++ and create a vc++ project using python,
>> but I have no idea what python dlls and other stuff needed to deploy the
>> products.
>>
>> I know if we put Python34.dll and Python.dll in the folder of executable,
>> it is not enough. What else do we need to put in the folder of
>> executable?(the application does not run)
>>
>> If anyone knows please let me know.
>>
>> Thanks, Gordon
>>
>
> Probably a little advanced for this list but the list is here to learn
> right? So my own 2 pence worth...
>
> Are you referring to Python Tools for Visual Studio?
> http://pytools.codeplex.com/
>
> This allows you to build python projects in VS and then debug them using
> the VS debugger, but you will need the debug files (.pdb) available on this
> page: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/ - This however is more
> for extending python via C/C++ than building python apps or using python to
> deploy apps.
>
> There are a number of tools out there, some already mentioned for bundling
> python apps into exe's which then require the python dlls to be packaged in
> an installer to be deployed with your newly built exe. I have done this in
> the past and experience has taught me one thing. Don't do it! You end up
> making your app way too complex, and it becomes very difficult to support.
> Also, when you want to update the python environment you run into problems.
> From someone who has been there, don't do it. Even if you have CI
> infrastructure in place to make things easily repeatable, it still becomes
> a nightmare.
>
> Rather find an automated way of deploying python independently and then
> use an installer to install just your python code. That way all you support
> is your code, you don't end up supporting 3rd party wrappers that don't
> work properly.
>
> nullsoft scriptable installer is easy to use, has good documentation and
> examples, and doesn't have a massively steep learning curve.
> http://nsis.sourceforge.net/Main_Page
>
>
>

From steve at pearwood.info  Thu Dec 11 12:43:44 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 22:43:44 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] cx_Oracle and Pyinstaller
In-Reply-To: <CACrcdXvUi1NbhabTLd6cZspr83J-eZsf-9DAe8uZOBv3g-hkgQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CACrcdXvUi1NbhabTLd6cZspr83J-eZsf-9DAe8uZOBv3g-hkgQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141211114343.GE20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Wed, Dec 10, 2014 at 06:42:38PM -0600, Bill Allen wrote:
> I have had success with producing a single file executable from a Python
> script that includes cx_Oracle.  Here are the details.  Hopefully this will
> also help someone struggling to get this working.
[...]

Thanks Bill!

This may be a little advanced for most beginners, but I'm sure it will 
come in handy for somebody. Do you have a blog where you can write it 
up? It may be easier for people to find on a blog or web page rather 
than just in an email archive.



-- 
Steven

From james at uplinkzero.com  Thu Dec 11 12:39:36 2014
From: james at uplinkzero.com (James Chapman)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 11:39:36 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Does the user need to install Python,
 when we deploy our c++ products using python?
In-Reply-To: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAKaWOVdYhRMeWAq8GmTv+-xfRhH3wcpDLwX5FBQqFdnc0Rgy5w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAHvkzyk6JdAw61HtXsbhaP60sEVeD3f5gXPiWWxq209iPa6abw@mail.gmail.com>

On 2 December 2014 at 20:28, gordon zhang <zhanggordon999 at gmail.com> wrote:

>
>
> I downloaded python 3.4.2 for c++ and create a vc++ project using python,
> but I have no idea what python dlls and other stuff needed to deploy the
> products.
>
> I know if we put Python34.dll and Python.dll in the folder of executable,
> it is not enough. What else do we need to put in the folder of
> executable?(the application does not run)
>
> If anyone knows please let me know.
>
> Thanks, Gordon
>

Probably a little advanced for this list but the list is here to learn
right? So my own 2 pence worth...

Are you referring to Python Tools for Visual Studio?
http://pytools.codeplex.com/

This allows you to build python projects in VS and then debug them using
the VS debugger, but you will need the debug files (.pdb) available on this
page: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/ - This however is more for
extending python via C/C++ than building python apps or using python to
deploy apps.

There are a number of tools out there, some already mentioned for bundling
python apps into exe's which then require the python dlls to be packaged in
an installer to be deployed with your newly built exe. I have done this in
the past and experience has taught me one thing. Don't do it! You end up
making your app way too complex, and it becomes very difficult to support.
Also, when you want to update the python environment you run into problems.
>From someone who has been there, don't do it. Even if you have CI
infrastructure in place to make things easily repeatable, it still becomes
a nightmare.

Rather find an automated way of deploying python independently and then use
an installer to install just your python code. That way all you support is
your code, you don't end up supporting 3rd party wrappers that don't work
properly.

nullsoft scriptable installer is easy to use, has good documentation and
examples, and doesn't have a massively steep learning curve.
http://nsis.sourceforge.net/Main_Page

From james at uplinkzero.com  Thu Dec 11 12:18:09 2014
From: james at uplinkzero.com (James Chapman)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 11:18:09 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] While Loop Help
In-Reply-To: <m6br57$q01$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <ee14448f16f50b8defe6b8aacd8739a8@mail.gmail.com>
 <m6br57$q01$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <CAHvkzymGeLAVaij871uthJJ97D2JWRGrU_yDAM9kgCaUYW=Umg@mail.gmail.com>

While Alan has given you a far better solution, I feel someone should
mention the break statement as you will likely come across it a lot, and it
is quite an important flow control statement.

You could add a break statement to the else which would break out of the
while loop.
https://docs.python.org/3.4/reference/simple_stmts.html#break

Refactored to include a break

--------------------------------------------------

...

the_number = random.randint(1, 100)
win = false
tries = 0
guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))

while tries < 10:
    guess = int(input("Take a guess: "))
    tries += 1
    if guess > the_number:
        print("Lower...")
    elif guess < the_number:
        print("Higher...")
    else:
        win = true
        break

if win:
    print("You win")
else:
    print("You fail! The number was {0}".format(the_number))

input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")
--------------------------------------------------

From galen.seilis at gmail.com  Thu Dec 11 21:25:53 2014
From: galen.seilis at gmail.com (Galen Seilis)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 14:25:53 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
Message-ID: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>

To whom it may concern,

I am having difficulty interacting with JSON. The example below if a
typical input and output:


*import json*
*array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*

*Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1, in <module>
File "C:\Python27\lib\json\__init__.py" , line 286, in load return
loads(fp.read(), AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'read' >>>*


I would appreciate assitance understanding why this doesn't work, and how I
can get up-and-running with inputing JSON code into Python.
-- 
Galen

From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec 12 00:15:54 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 10:15:54 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <85fvclg4lx.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Galen Seilis <galen.seilis at gmail.com> writes:

> I am having difficulty interacting with JSON. The example below if a
> typical input and output:

Thank you for presenting a simple example and the resulting output.

Unfortunately, your mail client has mangled it, inserting asterisks
making syntax errors, and wrapping lines that should be separate.

Please, in future, compose messages only in ?plain text? mode. Your text
examples will survive much better that way.

> *import json*
> *array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*

You are passing a Python dict value to the function. JSON is a
serialisation format, and the input to ?json.load? must be a text
string.

A literal Python text string looks like this in the code::

    "foo bar baz"

A literal Python dict looks like this in the code::

    { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }

-- 
 \       ?For fast acting relief, try slowing down.? ?Jane Wagner, via |
  `\                                                       Lily Tomlin |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 12 00:19:30 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 23:19:30 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
In-Reply-To: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6d8q2$tvk$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 11/12/14 20:25, Galen Seilis wrote:
> To whom it may concern,
>
> I am having difficulty interacting with JSON. The example below if a
> typical input and output:
>
>
> *import json*
> *array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*
>
> *Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1, in <module>
> File "C:\Python27\lib\json\__init__.py" , line 286, in load return
> loads(fp.read(), AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'read' >>>*

The documentation for json.load() says:

######################
json.load(fp, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None, 
parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, object_pairs_hook=None, **kw)

Deserialize fp (a .read()-supporting file-like object containing a JSON 
document) to a Python object using this conversion table.
...
#####################

So it expects a file-like object as its first argument but you are 
passing a dictionary.

It's not clear whether you are trying to convert your dictionary into a 
json data stream or whether you are trying to read a json string and 
convert it to a Python dictionary. Whichever way round you won't get
an array back.

dumps() will turn a Python data structure into a JSON string.
loads() will turn a JSON string into a Python object. I'm guessing
this is what you wanted?

Just remember that the 's' at the end signifies string not a plural.
And the non-s versions use files not strings.

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 12 00:23:01 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 23:23:01 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
In-Reply-To: <85fvclg4lx.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
 <85fvclg4lx.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
Message-ID: <m6d90l$1db$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 11/12/14 23:15, Ben Finney wrote:

>> *array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*
>
> You are passing a Python dict value to the function. JSON is a
> serialisation format, and the input to ?json.load? must be a text
> string.

Nope, its a file-like object.

The input to loads() is a text string.
The implementation of load() apparently reads the file object
to produce a string which is passed to loads()

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From martin at linux-ip.net  Fri Dec 12 00:22:12 2014
From: martin at linux-ip.net (Martin A. Brown)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 15:22:12 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
In-Reply-To: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <alpine.LNX.2.00.1412111512120.1316@dagger.wonderfrog.net>


Hello there,

> To whom it may concern,
>
> I am having difficulty interacting with JSON. The example below if a
> typical input and output:
>
>
> *import json*
> *array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*
>
> *Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>" , line 1, in <module>
> File "C:\Python27\lib\json\__init__.py" , line 286, in load return
> loads(fp.read(), AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'read' >>>*
>
>
> I would appreciate assitance understanding why this doesn't work, 
> and how I can get up-and-running with inputing JSON code into 
> Python.

Which version of Python?  The following works with Python 3.x and 
Python 2.7, though:

   arr = json.loads('{ "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }')
   arr.get('address')

Here are some notes about why:

   # -- below is a Python dictionary, it is not actually JSON

   >>> { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }
   {'name': 'Joe', 'address': '111 Street'}


   # -- next is that Python dictionary turned into JSON (single quotes)

   >>> '{ "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }'
   '{ "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }'


   # -- now you have a JavaScript Object Notation string, which you
   #    can manipulate; let's use the json.loads() call

   >>> arr = json.loads('{ "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }')


   # -- You will notice I used a variable called 'arr' instead of
   #    array, because there is a module called array, and I may
   #    (one day) want to use it.

   >>> arr
   {'name': 'Joe', 'address': '111 Street'}


   # -- OK, but I'm lazy, I don't want to have to type all of my
   #    JSON into strings.  OK.  So, don't.  Have the JSON module
   #    convert your object (a dictionary) into a string for you.

   >>> json.dumps(arr)
   '{"name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street"}'

So, have some fun with the json.dumps() and json.loads() calls. 
Then, you can move on to json.dump() and json.load() to put your 
data into files.

-Martin

-- 
Martin A. Brown
http://linux-ip.net/

From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec 12 00:29:38 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 10:29:38 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
 <85fvclg4lx.fsf@benfinney.id.au> <m6d90l$1db$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <85bnn9g3z1.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> writes:

> On 11/12/14 23:15, Ben Finney wrote:
>
> >> *array = json.load( { "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" } )*
> >
> > You are passing a Python dict value to the function. JSON is a
> > serialisation format, and the input to ?json.load? must be a text
> > string.
>
> Nope, its a file-like object.

Fair enough, I didn't check the ?json.load? documentation. Thank you for
the correction.

I suspect the OP wasn't aware they specified a Python dict, though,
which is the main point.

-- 
 \       ?Never use a long word when there's a commensurate diminutive |
  `\                                    available.? ?Stan Kelly-Bootle |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From steve at pearwood.info  Fri Dec 12 00:51:56 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 10:51:56 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
In-Reply-To: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141211235156.GF20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Thu, Dec 11, 2014 at 02:25:53PM -0600, Galen Seilis wrote:

> I would appreciate assitance understanding why this doesn't work, and how I
> can get up-and-running with inputing JSON code into Python.

Did you try reading the Fine Manual? It has many examples!

For Python 2:
https://docs.python.org/2/library/json.html

or for Python 3:
https://docs.python.org/3/library/json.html


The four functions you are likely to care about are:

json.load   # read JSON input from a file, return objects
json.loads  # read JSON input from a string, return objects
json.dump   # dump JSON output to a file
json.dumps  # dump JSON output to a string


Example:

py> import json
py> data = {23: None, 42: "Hello World!"}
py> s = json.dumps(data)
py> print(s)
{"42": "Hello World!", "23": null}
py> obj = json.loads(s)
py> print(obj)
{'23': None, '42': 'Hello World!'}


-- 
Steven

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 12 00:56:10 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2014 23:56:10 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Parsing JSON with Python
In-Reply-To: <alpine.LNX.2.00.1412111512120.1316@dagger.wonderfrog.net>
References: <CAHrykEqV60k5DZJ526n_DQSZv7QsY+OwjVnp7e1mUOnMLxtKag@mail.gmail.com>
 <alpine.LNX.2.00.1412111512120.1316@dagger.wonderfrog.net>
Message-ID: <m6dauq$upf$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 11/12/14 23:22, Martin A. Brown wrote:

>    arr = json.loads('{ "name": "Joe", "address": "111 Street" }')
>    arr.get('address')
>
> Here are some notes about why:
>    # -- You will notice I used a variable called 'arr' instead of
>    #    array, because there is a module called array, and I may
>    #    (one day) want to use it.
>
>    >>> arr
>    {'name': 'Joe', 'address': '111 Street'}

But even arr is a bad name choice because it implies an array
structure is being stored, which it isn't, it's a dictionary
(which in the general case can be called an "associative array"
but in Python-land that's extremely rare). arrays are a very
specific type of data and using a variable name that sounds
like array is liable to lead to false assumptions further down
the line.

Since this data stores a name and address use a name that reflects that, 
such as location, home, or even just address... Names should nearly 
always reflect their logical purpose not their data type.

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com  Fri Dec 12 13:46:05 2014
From: jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com (Jagannath Ramanan)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 07:46:05 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
Message-ID: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>

Dear Sir / Madam,

My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
im using python.

For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
i have used gtk python for front ends etc.

*The TCP /IP message length is:*

TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
talk to the server.

Any any help or guidance is sincerely appreciated.

Thanks in advance!!



  Sincerely,
Jagannath Ramanan,
Software Tester

From luis.sanmartin at unix.cl  Fri Dec 12 15:20:51 2014
From: luis.sanmartin at unix.cl (Luis San Martin)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 11:20:51 -0300
Subject: [Tutor] about multiprocessing performance
Message-ID: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>

Dear fellows,

I'm learning about on multiprocessing module on python. So far I've enjoyed
it though regarding performance I got some doubts. There is not that much
difference[0] when running it on Mac OS X on the contrary to Linux.

[0] http://codepad.org/lNDHNhof

Kind regards

From malaclypse2 at gmail.com  Fri Dec 12 20:35:04 2014
From: malaclypse2 at gmail.com (Jerry Hill)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 14:35:04 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] about multiprocessing performance
In-Reply-To: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CADwdpyaEh7H3P6KWUiLmV1-VSYJmufEduRf4g_oEQs+aQnhoCw@mail.gmail.com>

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 9:20 AM, Luis San Martin <luis.sanmartin at unix.cl> wrote:
> I'm learning about on multiprocessing module on python. So far I've enjoyed
> it though regarding performance I got some doubts. There is not that much
> difference[0] when running it on Mac OS X on the contrary to Linux.
>
> [0] http://codepad.org/lNDHNhof

Here's what I see from the link you provided:

Linux:
  multiproc.py: 2.344s
  nomultiproc.py 8.873s

Mac:
  multiproc.py: 2.469s
  nomultiproc.py: 8.775s

That looks to me like it's working the same on both platforms.

-- 
Jerry

From danny.yoo at gmail.com  Fri Dec 12 20:11:18 2014
From: danny.yoo at gmail.com (Danny Yoo)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 11:11:18 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
In-Reply-To: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF6oawHQFkmWX77QYYqiXxudOQPYwP0YZWpMF=oVHAn31A@mail.gmail.com>

On Dec 12, 2014 8:54 AM, "Jagannath Ramanan" <jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com>
wrote:
>
> Dear Sir / Madam,
>
> My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have
a
> vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
> im using python.
>

This question is out of scope for a beginner tutor forum.  I don't think
many of us can help you with low level network programming.  We can point
you to resources like the Socket HOWTO at
https://docs.python.org/2/howto/sockets.html.  But what you're asking
sounds much more low level than that.

You may want to check on python-list.
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

From oscar.j.benjamin at gmail.com  Sat Dec 13 00:19:12 2014
From: oscar.j.benjamin at gmail.com (Oscar Benjamin)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 23:19:12 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
In-Reply-To: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAHVvXxSF+0R3ON=TAtskru_xd9bQs9jVoewoQ0f9o8E5hhTYyA@mail.gmail.com>

On 12 December 2014 at 12:46, Jagannath Ramanan
<jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com> wrote:
> Dear Sir / Madam,
>
> My name is jag.

Hi Jag,

> I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
> vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
> im using python.
>
> For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
> custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
> i have used gtk python for front ends etc.
>
> *The TCP /IP message length is:*
>
> TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
> bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
> I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
> talk to the server.
>
> Any any help or guidance is sincerely appreciated.
>
> Thanks in advance!!

I'm don't really understand from your description what needs to be
done so I can't offer any code that would do it.

However I see that there is a module called vncdotool on PyPI here:
https://pypi.python.org/pypi/vncdotool

Apparently that module is made to speak to VNC servers. Perhaps you
could give it a try.


Oscar

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sat Dec 13 00:23:28 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 23:23:28 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
In-Reply-To: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6ftdg$dmo$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 12/12/14 12:46, Jagannath Ramanan wrote:

> vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
> im using python.
>
> For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
> custom TCP/IP messages.

What makes you think so?
Is that something you have been told?
Is it a technical requirement of your project?
Have you tried communicating in any other way
- eg. ping, ftp, ssh, http etc/

Also does it need to be TCP/IP? Could it be UDP over IP instead?
If the messages are simple UDP can sometimes be easier to work with.

> *The TCP /IP message length is:*
>
> TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
> bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
> I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
> talk to the server.

It may be possible but it's well beyond the scope of learning Python
and its library. You are probably better asking on the main python
list. Assuming you really must go down this path of course.

You might want to find a copy of "Foundations of Python Network 
Programming" by Goertzen. It's probably the best reference for 
networking on Python. But even he doesn't discuss creating
bespoke packets which is what you seem to be asking about.

The other classic text is Richard Steven's book(s)
"Unix Network Programming: Sockets Networking API v.1"

It's aimed at C programmers and very low level but for what you
want it may be the best bet.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sat Dec 13 00:27:04 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2014 23:27:04 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] about multiprocessing performance
In-Reply-To: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6ftk8$dmo$2@ger.gmane.org>

On 12/12/14 14:20, Luis San Martin wrote:
> Dear fellows,
>
> I'm learning about on multiprocessing module on python. So far I've enjoyed
> it though regarding performance I got some doubts. There is not that much
> difference[0] when running it on Mac OS X on the contrary to Linux.

They are both Unix based although different variants.
Why would you expect much difference?
Or are you just informing us of your findings?

I'm not sure if you have a question?
And if so what is it you want to know?

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From cs at zip.com.au  Sat Dec 13 04:25:46 2014
From: cs at zip.com.au (Cameron Simpson)
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2014 14:25:46 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
In-Reply-To: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141213032546.GA61585@cskk.homeip.net>

On 12Dec2014 07:46, Jagannath Ramanan <jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com> wrote:
>My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
>vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
>im using python.
>
>For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
>custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
>i have used gtk python for front ends etc.
>
>*The TCP /IP message length is:*
>
>TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
>bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
>I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
>talk to the server.

I think you need to supply some more detail. The above looks like small snippet 
from a much larger document. It sounds to me like that is from a summary of 
some protocol which is slightly different over TCP from over a serial line.

When you say "the communication is only possible between them is to send custom 
TCP/IP messages", what kind of communication to you have in mind? Normally a 
VNC service on your redhat box is simply a way of presenting a virtual display 
for remote interaction. It would be unusual for that to be your only choice 
unless you have a specific task in mind.

Cheers,
Cameron Simpson <cs at zip.com.au>

Sometimes the only solution is to find a new problem.

From hanzer at riseup.net  Sat Dec 13 21:10:07 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2014 15:10:07 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Need help!
In-Reply-To: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CABGN0L=siuyaSi6H0gx8ZtadS4FL+mUhaC3AMvKeWRMrdZUpGg@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141213151007.2f0574947973dac92479fbb6@riseup.net>

On Fri, 12 Dec 2014 07:46:05 -0500
Jagannath Ramanan <jagannath.ramanan at gmail.com> wrote:

> My name is jag. I need little bit of help understanding something. I have a
> vncserver running at the background in redhat. My client is lubuntu where
> im using python.
> 
> For some reason the communication is only possible between them is to send
> custom TCP/IP messages. Im not a hardcore developers. I can do scripts and
> i have used gtk python for front ends etc.
> 
> *The TCP /IP message length is:*
> 
> TCP/IP: 37 bytes of message + 16 bytes of header = 53 bytes Raw Serial: 37
> bytes message + 16 bytes of header + 2 bytes of trailer = 55 bytes
> I have no idea how i would code something like that in python to make it
> talk to the server.

When you hear hoofbeats, think of horses not zebras.

It's possible you only need to open a TCP port in the RedHat machine's firewall:

/sbin/iptables -I INPUT 1 -p tcp -d ${ip_of_lubuntu} --dport ${port} -j ACCEPT

For experimentation and development, it might be best to select a port number within the range 49152?65535.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers

From cccccttttt at gmail.com  Sun Dec 14 20:29:08 2014
From: cccccttttt at gmail.com (Pi Po)
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 2014 11:29:08 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
Message-ID: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>

As a teacher I find python simple and effective.

However, appreciate feedback from anyone who knows
of a Python version with this feature:

Want each interpreted line of code to introduce as a cells on
a spreadsheet window each new variable (or array) with its initialized
value,
and show the updated contents of each previously defined variable (or
array).

As a student types in a  line of code they will see how that
line  impacts old data and introduces new data.

This can now be done manually on a blackboard but is slow and tedious.

Here are two simple spreadsheets that show how it
might look for a student to step through their code:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1FkyzsT4VcGf9APE4IgHEYl4f6EI3C_DdUi_oD9K9shU/edit?usp=sharing

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1mxIlScRBUa0Qtxg0G65Pw4FupeuDTDXQQbvpON7EH5M/edit?usp=sharing


If anyone knows another language (assembler, forth, C, J, ...)   which
already has this feature, appreciate a link.

But as syntax of Python is relatively clean and suited for instruction,
much prefer something in Python.


Cam Trenor
secondary math/science

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Dec 15 01:10:13 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 00:10:13 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
In-Reply-To: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6l8t5$us3$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 14/12/14 19:29, Pi Po wrote:

> Want each interpreted line of code to introduce as a cells on
> a spreadsheet window each new variable (or array) with its initialized
> value,
> and show the updated contents of each previously defined variable (or
> array).

I don;t know of any environment for any language that does it
in a spreadsheet.

The nearest thing is a debugger with a watch point set.

You can use IDLE or Pythonwin or Eclipse or winpdb;
they all support watch points.

> As a student types in a  line of code they will see how that
> line  impacts old data and introduces new data.

Again that's not how the debugger approach works it takes a full program 
and steps through it showing how the variables get updated, but they 
don't allow dynamic typing of code during debugging.
At least none that I've seen. Some allow minor edits to
live code, but even that's fairly unusual.

> This can now be done manually on a blackboard but is slow and tedious.

Yes, but is very good discipline for students. Its how most
programmers learn, and something I still do regularly
when debugging a problem(on paper not a blackboard!)

> If anyone knows another language (assembler, forth, C, J, ...)   which
> already has this feature, appreciate a link.
>
> But as syntax of Python is relatively clean and suited for instruction,
> much prefer something in Python.

Nope, I don't know of anything like that. Smalltalk might
come closest with its Workspace concept and object browser.
But it's certainly not a spreadsheet, although it does allow
you to type and evaluate new lines of code as you go.

The Squeak environment is designed for education use so
might be worth a look.

You could also try asking on the edu-sig mailing list
which is for educators using Python (I haven't checked in
there for years so I hope its still running!)

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Mon Dec 15 01:12:04 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 11:12:04 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
In-Reply-To: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141215001203.GS20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Sun, Dec 14, 2014 at 11:29:08AM -0800, Pi Po wrote:

> Want each interpreted line of code to introduce as a cells on
> a spreadsheet window each new variable (or array) with its initialized
> value,
> and show the updated contents of each previously defined variable (or
> array).


I haven't used any of these, but you can try them and see if they do 
what you want:

http://manns.github.io/pyspread/
https://github.com/pythonanywhere/dirigible-spreadsheet

There is also Resolver-One, but it is Windows only, and no longer 
available. But if you can find a copy somewhere, you could try it:

http://code.google.com/p/resolver/



-- 
Steven

From memilanuk at gmail.com  Mon Dec 15 01:17:29 2014
From: memilanuk at gmail.com (memilanuk)
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 2014 16:17:29 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
In-Reply-To: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6l9aq$56s$1@ger.gmane.org>

I believe that Spyder (lightweight IDE often included in scientific 
python builds like Anaconda, WinPython, python(x,y)) has a variable 
explorer pane... I'd guess you could 'step' thru the program in debugger 
mode and watch the variables change in the explorer window.

https://code.google.com/p/spyderlib/

https://pythonhosted.org/spyder/variableexplorer.html

-- 
Shiny!  Let's be bad guys.

Reach me @ memilanuk (at) gmail dot com


From danny.yoo at gmail.com  Mon Dec 15 05:57:17 2014
From: danny.yoo at gmail.com (Danny Yoo)
Date: Sun, 14 Dec 2014 20:57:17 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
In-Reply-To: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF7tr_dniYGHWnfQ7AXAm=VEYgyBXnThcGOPGfK_U9DMeA@mail.gmail.com>

On Dec 14, 2014 3:35 PM, "Pi Po" <cccccttttt at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> As a teacher I find python simple and effective.
>
> However, appreciate feedback from anyone who knows
> of a Python version with this feature:
>
> Want each interpreted line of code to introduce as a cells on
> a spreadsheet window each new variable (or array) with its initialized
> value,
> and show the updated contents of each previously defined variable (or
> array).
>

Have you seen the visualization provided by
http://pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit

From luis.sanmartin at unix.cl  Mon Dec 15 15:13:30 2014
From: luis.sanmartin at unix.cl (Luis San Martin)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 11:13:30 -0300
Subject: [Tutor] about multiprocessing performance
In-Reply-To: <m6ftk8$dmo$2@ger.gmane.org>
References: <CAGwUwkHsxrdN8NDQoKY-r2L6e7qqYFtaSRWDeavHXhyZQBGoiA@mail.gmail.com>
 <m6ftk8$dmo$2@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <CAGwUwkG8KFQD=tj3_ga1_EZaTePfverORF-BuqEFBMq7QwspwA@mail.gmail.com>

I made a silly mistake as Jerry points its working above the same performance.

Kind regards

On Fri, Dec 12, 2014 at 8:27 PM, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote:
> On 12/12/14 14:20, Luis San Martin wrote:
>>
>> Dear fellows,
>>
>> I'm learning about on multiprocessing module on python. So far I've
>> enjoyed
>> it though regarding performance I got some doubts. There is not that much
>> difference[0] when running it on Mac OS X on the contrary to Linux.
>
>
> They are both Unix based although different variants.
> Why would you expect much difference?
> Or are you just informing us of your findings?
>
> I'm not sure if you have a question?
> And if so what is it you want to know?
>
> --
> Alan G
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor

From beachkidken at gmail.com  Mon Dec 15 22:25:42 2014
From: beachkidken at gmail.com (Ken G.)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 16:25:42 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
Message-ID: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>

I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.

Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.

For example:

x = 8

if x = 1, print 'one'
if x = 2, print 'two'
...
...
if x = 8, print 'eight'
...
...
if x = 28, print 'twenty eight'

Would a single line using list or dictionary be shorter?

Thanks,

Ken




From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec 15 22:38:14 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 13:38:14 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 1:25 PM, Ken G. <beachkidken at gmail.com> wrote:
> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>
> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.


Yes, the repetitive nature of those statements indicate that putting
the varying part in a data structure, like a list or dictionary, would
be greatly preferable.


As a side note: if we were to talk about how we'd do this in a
professional context, I think we'd recommend a library such as
"humanize", which has functions to go from numbers to human-friendly
string descriptions.

    https://pypi.python.org/pypi/humanize

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec 15 22:45:23 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 13:45:23 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>

> As a side note: if we were to talk about how we'd do this in a
> professional context, I think we'd recommend a library such as
> "humanize", which has functions to go from numbers to human-friendly
> string descriptions.
>
>     https://pypi.python.org/pypi/humanize


Whoops: wrong library.  Humanize is a good one, but not exactly the
one I was supposed to cite.  I should have cited num2words, which is a
cardinal number library:

    https://pypi.python.org/pypi/num2words

From bodsda at googlemail.com  Mon Dec 15 22:57:42 2014
From: bodsda at googlemail.com (Bod Soutar)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 21:57:42 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAG6Bxke9DeQ_LGW+ZP4361X2Xz7eNXv-YvJ80QJP6qN4BEPA-A@mail.gmail.com>

On 15 December 2014 at 21:25, Ken G. <beachkidken at gmail.com> wrote:
> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>
> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.
>
> For example:
>
> x = 8
>
> if x = 1, print 'one'
> if x = 2, print 'two'
> ...
> ...
> if x = 8, print 'eight'
> ...
> ...
> if x = 28, print 'twenty eight'
>
> Would a single line using list or dictionary be shorter?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Ken
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


If you wanted to do this without additional libraries, consider how
many *unique* words are actually required if you were to write them
all out. You could use a dictionary to map the numbers to their words

-- Bodsda

From steve at pearwood.info  Mon Dec 15 23:49:29 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 09:49:29 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 04:25:42PM -0500, Ken G. wrote:
> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
> 
> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.

Since you only care about the first 28 values, a list or dict is the way 
to go. The two look remarkably similar:

# Using a dict. Replace the dots ... with the rest of the values.
names = {1: "one", 2: "two", 3: "three", ... 28: "twenty-eight"}
print(names[x])

# Using a list. Again, replace the dots.
names = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", ... "twenty-eight"]
print(names[x])


I stress that neither version *quite* works yet. You have to replace the 
dots ... with the rest of the values, which is tedious but not hard.

In the case of the list version, the reason that I add an entry for zero 
is that lists are indexed from zero. That is, given the list:

    L = ['spam', 'eggs', 'cheese', 'toast']

the first entry is written L[0], the second entry L[1] and so forth. 
Although it takes a bit of getting used to, there actually are good 
reasons for that. One advantage of dicts over lists is that you can 
leave gaps while a list must have placeholders for every position:

    {2: "two", 4: "four", 8: "eight"}
    ["", "", "two", "", "four", "", "", "", "eight"]


Of course, as Danny suggested, if you're going to be using this 
seriously for arbitrary numbers, you can't possibly list every single 
one in advance. What if somebody asks for the name of 9274810276523? In 
that case, we need a function that turns a number into an name digit by 
digit:

    nine trillion, two hundred and seventy-four billion, 
    eight hundred and ten million, two hundred and 
    seventy-six thousand, five hundred and twenty-three

Doing this makes a nice little programming exercise, so I will leave it 
to you :-)


-- 
Steven

From davea at davea.name  Mon Dec 15 23:59:11 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 17:59:11 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <548F67BF.8050500@davea.name>

On 12/15/2014 04:25 PM, Ken G. wrote:
> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>
> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.
>
> For example:
>
> x = 8
>
> if x = 1, print 'one'
> if x = 2, print 'two'
> ...
> ...
> if x = 8, print 'eight'
> ...
> ...
> if x = 28, print 'twenty eight'
>
> Would a single line using list or dictionary be shorter?
>

If this is an assignment, and you quoted it correctly, then you're 
required to go through 28 if statements.  On the other hand, if that 
paragraph is just a description of the way you solved it, then yes, it 
can be improved.  Just making all but the first if statement an elif 
will make it faster, because once it finds a value, it won't continue 
checking the remaining ones.

Still faster would be testing first for fourteen, and making a tree out 
of the if statements, using > and < comparisons instead of only == 
comparisons.  Worst case would be about 5 tests.  This would not be more 
compact, just quicker to execute.

Faster yet, and somewhat more compact would be to make a tuple or list 
of 29 items (0 through 28), and just index into it.

Slower, but more compact, would be to write the kind of library that 
Danny pointed you to, or the code that Ken/Bod alluded to.

But the real question is what's your goal.   Your original code isn't 
legal Python, so you're presumably in a learning mode.  If so, you want 
to keep it simple, not use 3rd party libraries for something you could 
do yourself.  And when you're given an assignment, you should do it 
exactly the way they want it, and only after that's correct (and 
running), do it also in other ways.  Those other ways could be to 
improve performance, reduce size, make it more readable (or less, to 
enter it in obfuscation contests), to make it independent of any loaded 
libraries, to look like some sample in another language, ...


My second suggestion, untested:
if x < 14:
     if x < 7:
          if x < 3:
              if x == 1:
                    print ("one")
              else:
                    print ("two")
          elif x < 5:
              if x == 3:
                    print ("three")
              else:
                    print ("four")
....



-- 
DaveA

From steve at pearwood.info  Tue Dec 16 00:03:08 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 10:03:08 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] looking for a Python feature for computer teaching
In-Reply-To: <20141215001203.GS20332@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <CAFnzdvc3HYCFZbKQjDwOoMyVdMh=79G1eAS4RAV-2Hg7+A2WfQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <20141215001203.GS20332@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <20141215230308.GW20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 11:12:04AM +1100, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Sun, Dec 14, 2014 at 11:29:08AM -0800, Pi Po wrote:
> 
> > Want each interpreted line of code to introduce as a cells on
> > a spreadsheet window each new variable (or array) with its initialized
> > value,
> > and show the updated contents of each previously defined variable (or
> > array).
> 
> 
> I haven't used any of these, but you can try them and see if they do 
> what you want:
> 
> http://manns.github.io/pyspread/

A better link to pyspread is here:

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pyspread

Coincidentally a new release has just come out.


-- 
Steve

From davea at davea.name  Tue Dec 16 00:04:17 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 18:04:17 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <548F68F1.8080906@davea.name>

On 12/15/2014 05:49 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 04:25:42PM -0500, Ken G. wrote:
>> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>>
>> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
>> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.

<snip>
>
> Of course, as Danny suggested, if you're going to be using this
> seriously for arbitrary numbers, you can't possibly list every single
> one in advance. What if somebody asks for the name of 9274810276523? In
> that case, we need a function that turns a number into an name digit by
> digit:

>
>      nine trillion, two hundred and seventy-four billion,
>      eight hundred and ten million, two hundred and
>      seventy-six thousand, five hundred and twenty-three

That's using the American interpretation for billion and trillion, not 
the British one.

>
> Doing this makes a nice little programming exercise, so I will leave it
> to you :-)

"one, two, three, many"

We only need four values, in some societies...    ;-)



-- 
DaveA

From steve at pearwood.info  Tue Dec 16 00:39:08 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 10:39:08 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F68F1.8080906@davea.name>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info> <548F68F1.8080906@davea.name>
Message-ID: <20141215233908.GX20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 06:04:17PM -0500, Dave Angel wrote:
> On 12/15/2014 05:49 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:

> >     nine trillion, two hundred and seventy-four billion,
> >     eight hundred and ten million, two hundred and
> >     seventy-six thousand, five hundred and twenty-three
> 
> That's using the American interpretation for billion and trillion, not 
> the British one.

Even the British use the American interpretation of billion these days. 
Mostly. There are probably still a few hold-outs, but I expect that 
"X-ion" meaning powers of 1000 has pretty much won out.


> >Doing this makes a nice little programming exercise, so I will leave it
> >to you :-)
> 
> "one, two, three, many"
> 
> We only need four values, in some societies...    ;-)

Okay, I'm up to this challenge...

9274810276523 in base 4: "2,012,331,311,301,121,222,223"

    two sextilots,
    onemany-two quinlots,
    three manymany and threemany-one quadlots,
    three manymany and onemany-one trilots,
    three manymany and one bilots,
    one manymany and twomany-one milots,
    two manymany and twomany-two lots,
    two manymany and twomany-three



-- 
Steve

From beachkidken at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 01:43:02 2014
From: beachkidken at gmail.com (Ken G.)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 19:43:02 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <548F8016.2090509@gmail.com>


On 12/15/2014 04:45 PM, Danny Yoo wrote:
>> As a side note: if we were to talk about how we'd do this in a
>> professional context, I think we'd recommend a library such as
>> "humanize", which has functions to go from numbers to human-friendly
>> string descriptions.
>>
>>      https://pypi.python.org/pypi/humanize
>
> Whoops: wrong library.  Humanize is a good one, but not exactly the
> one I was supposed to cite.  I should have cited num2words, which is a
> cardinal number library:
>
>      https://pypi.python.org/pypi/num2words
> .
Thank you but actually whatever number I get from either 1 to 28,
each number represent a property name such as "Reading Railroad",
"Judy Avenue", "Pacific Gas and Electric", etc., etc.

For example:

if x = 1 then print "Mediterranean Avenue"
if x = 2 then print "Baltic Avenue"
...
...
if x = 28 then print "Boardwalk"

Yes, I am using the property names from the game, Monopoly. I am
using them in conjunction with of playing a lottery game and using
Python to determine if I won anything from the numbers drawn and
being compared with what numbers I purchased.

Of course, the proper format in Python would be:

if x == "01":
     print "Mediterranean Avenue"
...
...
if x == 28:
     print "Boardwalk"

Again, thanks for your input.

Ken


From beachkidken at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 01:46:07 2014
From: beachkidken at gmail.com (Ken G.)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 19:46:07 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <20141215224928.GV20332@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <548F80CF.1080400@gmail.com>


On 12/15/2014 05:49 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Mon, Dec 15, 2014 at 04:25:42PM -0500, Ken G. wrote:
>> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>>
>> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
>> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.
> Since you only care about the first 28 values, a list or dict is the way
> to go. The two look remarkably similar:
>
> # Using a dict. Replace the dots ... with the rest of the values.
> names = {1: "one", 2: "two", 3: "three", ... 28: "twenty-eight"}
> print(names[x])
>
> # Using a list. Again, replace the dots.
> names = ["zero", "one", "two", "three", ... "twenty-eight"]
> print(names[x])
>
>
> I stress that neither version *quite* works yet. You have to replace the
> dots ... with the rest of the values, which is tedious but not hard.
>
> In the case of the list version, the reason that I add an entry for zero
> is that lists are indexed from zero. That is, given the list:
>
>      L = ['spam', 'eggs', 'cheese', 'toast']
>
> the first entry is written L[0], the second entry L[1] and so forth.
> Although it takes a bit of getting used to, there actually are good
> reasons for that. One advantage of dicts over lists is that you can
> leave gaps while a list must have placeholders for every position:
>
>      {2: "two", 4: "four", 8: "eight"}
>      ["", "", "two", "", "four", "", "", "", "eight"]
>
>
> Of course, as Danny suggested, if you're going to be using this
> seriously for arbitrary numbers, you can't possibly list every single
> one in advance. What if somebody asks for the name of 9274810276523? In
> that case, we need a function that turns a number into an name digit by
> digit:
>
>      nine trillion, two hundred and seventy-four billion,
>      eight hundred and ten million, two hundred and
>      seventy-six thousand, five hundred and twenty-three
>
> Doing this makes a nice little programming exercise, so I will leave it
> to you :-)
>
>
Yes, Steven, it would be a 'nice' programming exercise. If I could just
find the time...sighs.

Thanks,

Ken


From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Tue Dec 16 01:47:48 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 16:47:48 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F8016.2090509@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
 <548F8016.2090509@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF6He1uAGnUZn9J1n-XD=kN-g-RbOhRtaeBUTx2HWJw+7A@mail.gmail.com>

>
> Thank you but actually whatever number I get from either 1 to 28,
> each number represent a property name such as "Reading Railroad",
> "Judy Avenue", "Pacific Gas and Electric", etc., etc.
>
> For example:
>
> if x = 1 then print "Mediterranean Avenue"
> if x = 2 then print "Baltic Avenue"


Ah, cool!  Ok, then yes, definitely a list.  There's a sequential-ness
here that we should take advantage of.

   PLACES = ["Is-there-a-place-when-x-is-zero?",
                  "Mediterranean Avenue",
                  "Baltic Avenue",
                  ]    # and so on ...

   print PLACES[x]


so that all the conditioning dissolves into a single list lookup.
There might need to be a few more checks to make sure x is in bounds,
but it's worth it here.

From beachkidken at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 01:55:17 2014
From: beachkidken at gmail.com (Ken G.)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 19:55:17 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F67BF.8050500@davea.name>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com> <548F67BF.8050500@davea.name>
Message-ID: <548F82F5.40402@gmail.com>


On 12/15/2014 05:59 PM, Dave Angel wrote:
> On 12/15/2014 04:25 PM, Ken G. wrote:
>> I am sure there is a better way to refine the following lines.
>>
>> Letting x equal a number from 1 to 28, go through 28 separate 'if'
>> statements to print a resulting value that equaled the value of x.
>>
>> For example:
>>
>> x = 8
>>
>> if x = 1, print 'one'
>> if x = 2, print 'two'
>> ...
>> ...
>> if x = 8, print 'eight'
>> ...
>> ...
>> if x = 28, print 'twenty eight'
>>
>> Would a single line using list or dictionary be shorter?
>>
>
> If this is an assignment, and you quoted it correctly, then you're 
> required to go through 28 if statements.  On the other hand, if that 
> paragraph is just a description of the way you solved it, then yes, it 
> can be improved.  Just making all but the first if statement an elif 
> will make it faster, because once it finds a value, it won't continue 
> checking the remaining ones.
>
> Still faster would be testing first for fourteen, and making a tree 
> out of the if statements, using > and < comparisons instead of only == 
> comparisons.  Worst case would be about 5 tests.  This would not be 
> more compact, just quicker to execute.
>
> Faster yet, and somewhat more compact would be to make a tuple or list 
> of 29 items (0 through 28), and just index into it.
>
> Slower, but more compact, would be to write the kind of library that 
> Danny pointed you to, or the code that Ken/Bod alluded to.
>
> But the real question is what's your goal.   Your original code isn't 
> legal Python, so you're presumably in a learning mode.  If so, you 
> want to keep it simple, not use 3rd party libraries for something you 
> could do yourself.  And when you're given an assignment, you should do 
> it exactly the way they want it, and only after that's correct (and 
> running), do it also in other ways.  Those other ways could be to 
> improve performance, reduce size, make it more readable (or less, to 
> enter it in obfuscation contests), to make it independent of any 
> loaded libraries, to look like some sample in another language, ...
>
>
> My second suggestion, untested:
> if x < 14:
>     if x < 7:
>          if x < 3:
>              if x == 1:
>                    print ("one")
>              else:
>                    print ("two")
>          elif x < 5:
>              if x == 3:
>                    print ("three")
>              else:
>                    print ("four")
> ....
>
>
>
Oh, it is not an assignment, Dave. It is an actual program I am using
for my benefit. I had to figure out on a fly, what is the name of a piece
of property that each number represent. I had to reckon something out
within a limited amount of time I had. Giving the response given here
so far, I could go with a list, dictionary or tuple.

Thanks for your input.

Ken


From davea at davea.name  Tue Dec 16 04:50:59 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 22:50:59 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <548F82F5.40402@gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com> <548F67BF.8050500@davea.name>
 <548F82F5.40402@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <548FAC23.1030205@davea.name>

On 12/15/2014 07:55 PM, Ken G. wrote:
>
> Oh, it is not an assignment, Dave. It is an actual program I am using
> for my benefit. I had to figure out on a fly, what is the name of a piece
> of property that each number represent. I had to reckon something out
> within a limited amount of time I had. Giving the response given here
> so far, I could go with a list, dictionary or tuple.
>

Two other advantages with using a tuple, list or dictionary

1) is that you might someday need to do the reverse lookup, changing a 
string back into the integer.  If you do it from the same data 
structure, you're more likely to get the transformation to be completely 
reversible (for valid values).

2) You might need to load this table from a file, or otherwise generate 
or check it on the fly.  Tough to do that with separate function statements.

-- 
DaveA

From sbharuchi at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 05:06:06 2014
From: sbharuchi at gmail.com (Sunil Bharuchi)
Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 23:06:06 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] program code for Python Programming for the Absolute
 Beginner, 3rd ed.?
Message-ID: <CA+a9n=Bsykd_+qZxzV8zsRW_NQLtRnz6fsRwABYhz52=dd0OMQ@mail.gmail.com>

I went to the website (www.courseptr.com/downloads) to download the source
code (py3e_source.zip). It's not there. Where can I get it the source code?

-- 
Sunil Bharuchi
sunilkumar.bharuchi.mil at mail.mil
sbharuchi at gmail.com
(C) 408.644.7626

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec 16 11:39:20 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 10:39:20 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] program code for Python Programming for the Absolute
 Beginner, 3rd ed.?
In-Reply-To: <CA+a9n=Bsykd_+qZxzV8zsRW_NQLtRnz6fsRwABYhz52=dd0OMQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CA+a9n=Bsykd_+qZxzV8zsRW_NQLtRnz6fsRwABYhz52=dd0OMQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6p24n$47m$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 16/12/14 04:06, Sunil Bharuchi wrote:
> I went to the website (www.courseptr.com/downloads) to download the source
> code (py3e_source.zip). It's not there. Where can I get it the source code?
>

Try using Google with

python absolute beginners source code

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From juan0christian at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 15:18:19 2014
From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 14:18:19 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Python 3.4.1 ImportError Linux
Message-ID: <CAAp0bGsA4HwpnzXa0caftuzWTTgSex-1ORwP3vbUe5J6tBvJ6w@mail.gmail.com>

Python 3.4.1
Fedora 21 Server

My paths:
~/lorem
~/lorem/app
~/lorem/core

I want to execute: ~/lorem/app/main.py

Terminal (~/lorem/app): python3 main.py

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "app/main.py", line 5, in <module>
from core.backpack import BackpackThread
ImportError: No module named 'core'


Why am I getting this?

From james at uplinkzero.com  Tue Dec 16 15:45:41 2014
From: james at uplinkzero.com (James Chapman)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 14:45:41 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Python 3.4.1 ImportError Linux
In-Reply-To: <CAAp0bGsA4HwpnzXa0caftuzWTTgSex-1ORwP3vbUe5J6tBvJ6w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAAp0bGsA4HwpnzXa0caftuzWTTgSex-1ORwP3vbUe5J6tBvJ6w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAHvkzymqBZLMWPj3dLhpYfT4vTKmA=4oTJhOKN5POey6Pshw1w@mail.gmail.com>

cd ..

Terminal (~/lorem): python3 app/main.py

import statement is relative to pwd.


--
James

On 16 December 2014 at 14:18, Juan Christian <juan0christian at gmail.com>
wrote:
>
> Python 3.4.1
> Fedora 21 Server
>
> My paths:
> ~/lorem
> ~/lorem/app
> ~/lorem/core
>
> I want to execute: ~/lorem/app/main.py
>
> Terminal (~/lorem/app): python3 main.py
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> File "app/main.py", line 5, in <module>
> from core.backpack import BackpackThread
> ImportError: No module named 'core'
>
>
> Why am I getting this?
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>

From beachkidken at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 16:17:09 2014
From: beachkidken at gmail.com (Ken G.)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 10:17:09 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] RESOLVED: Re:  Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF6He1uAGnUZn9J1n-XD=kN-g-RbOhRtaeBUTx2HWJw+7A@mail.gmail.com>
References: <548F51D6.8060903@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF55qk22=1V3G6xfVENrhNEtvq1WhC7Hd3NXGxDQmsJyNw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
 <548F8016.2090509@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF6He1uAGnUZn9J1n-XD=kN-g-RbOhRtaeBUTx2HWJw+7A@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54904CF5.6010307@gmail.com>


On 12/15/2014 07:47 PM, Danny Yoo wrote:
>> Thank you but actually whatever number I get from either 1 to 28,
>> each number represent a property name such as "Reading Railroad",
>> "Judy Avenue", "Pacific Gas and Electric", etc., etc.
>>
>> For example:
>>
>> if x = 1 then print "Mediterranean Avenue"
>> if x = 2 then print "Baltic Avenue"
>
> Ah, cool!  Ok, then yes, definitely a list.  There's a sequential-ness
> here that we should take advantage of.
>
>     PLACES = ["Is-there-a-place-when-x-is-zero?",
>                    "Mediterranean Avenue",
>                    "Baltic Avenue",
>                    ]    # and so on ...
>
>     print PLACES[x]
>
>
> so that all the conditioning dissolves into a single list lookup.
> There might need to be a few more checks to make sure x is in bounds,
> but it's worth it here.
Thank you, thank you. As I think it over through the night, I had a
very faint idea of what you suggested. Again, thank.

Ken


From fomcl at yahoo.com  Tue Dec 16 16:17:14 2014
From: fomcl at yahoo.com (Albert-Jan Roskam)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 15:17:14 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZAPF4KHis4Dy4OgS9woPM9Dy2eVjkxGO3G2CYO6Dub+9Zodw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <1740259301.206526.1418743034484.JavaMail.yahoo@jws10735.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>

----- Original Message -----
> From: Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org>
> To: Ken G. <beachkidken at gmail.com>
> Cc: Python Tutor Mailing List <tutor at python.org>
> Sent: Monday, December 15, 2014 10:45 PM
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
> 
>>  As a side note: if we were to talk about how we'd do this in a
>>  professional context, I think we'd recommend a library such as
>>  "humanize", which has functions to go from numbers to 
> human-friendly
>>  string descriptions.
>> 
>>     https://pypi.python.org/pypi/humanize
> 
> 
> Whoops: wrong library.  Humanize is a good one, but not exactly the
> one I was supposed to cite.  I should have cited num2words, which is a
> cardinal number library:
> 
>     https://pypi.python.org/pypi/num2words

Nice, useful. Humanize seems a better choice because it uses gettext. It is probably easier to add another language (like my own, which is not part of the package).

From james at uplinkzero.com  Tue Dec 16 16:14:17 2014
From: james at uplinkzero.com (James Chapman)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 15:14:17 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Python 3.4.1 ImportError Linux
In-Reply-To: <CAHvkzymqBZLMWPj3dLhpYfT4vTKmA=4oTJhOKN5POey6Pshw1w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAAp0bGsA4HwpnzXa0caftuzWTTgSex-1ORwP3vbUe5J6tBvJ6w@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAHvkzymqBZLMWPj3dLhpYfT4vTKmA=4oTJhOKN5POey6Pshw1w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAHvkzy=SBjDR=5bVyN77svS=GVVciqhcky7-VvFY0a2wVTNwDQ@mail.gmail.com>

> Further to my last email, here's some reading regarding Python Paths
>
>
http://www.stereoplex.com/blog/understanding-imports-and-pythonpath

From jcgallaher78 at gmail.com  Tue Dec 16 13:16:56 2014
From: jcgallaher78 at gmail.com (Jim Gallaher)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 06:16:56 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor Digest, Vol 130, Issue 28
In-Reply-To: <mailman.19.1418727602.1071.tutor@python.org>
References: <mailman.19.1418727602.1071.tutor@python.org>
Message-ID: <B036BC8D-3565-4EAB-85B8-DE36B9C2CDB2@gmail.com>


Sunil Bharuchi,

I have that same book so I can answer this question. The code can be found at the author's site. programgames.com

> On Dec 16, 2014, at 05:00, tutor-request at python.org wrote:
> 
> Send Tutor mailing list submissions to
>    tutor at python.org
> 
> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
>    https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
>    tutor-request at python.org
> 
> You can reach the person managing the list at
>    tutor-owner at python.org
> 
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of Tutor digest..."
> 
> 
> Today's Topics:
> 
>   1. Re: Is there an easily or shorter way? (Dave Angel)
>   2. Re: program code for Python Programming for the Absolute
>      Beginner, 3rd ed.? (Sunil Bharuchi)
>   3. Re: program code for Python Programming for the Absolute
>      Beginner, 3rd ed.? (Alan Gauld)
> 
> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> Message: 1
> Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 22:50:59 -0500
> From: Dave Angel <davea at davea.name>
> To: tutor at python.org
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] Is there an easily or shorter way?
> Message-ID: <548FAC23.1030205 at davea.name>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
> 
>> On 12/15/2014 07:55 PM, Ken G. wrote:
>> 
>> Oh, it is not an assignment, Dave. It is an actual program I am using
>> for my benefit. I had to figure out on a fly, what is the name of a piece
>> of property that each number represent. I had to reckon something out
>> within a limited amount of time I had. Giving the response given here
>> so far, I could go with a list, dictionary or tuple.
> 
> Two other advantages with using a tuple, list or dictionary
> 
> 1) is that you might someday need to do the reverse lookup, changing a 
> string back into the integer.  If you do it from the same data 
> structure, you're more likely to get the transformation to be completely 
> reversible (for valid values).
> 
> 2) You might need to load this table from a file, or otherwise generate 
> or check it on the fly.  Tough to do that with separate function statements.
> 
> -- 
> DaveA
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 2
> Date: Mon, 15 Dec 2014 23:06:06 -0500
> From: Sunil Bharuchi <sbharuchi at gmail.com>
> To: tutor at python.org
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] program code for Python Programming for the
>    Absolute Beginner, 3rd ed.?
> Message-ID:
>    <CA+a9n=Bsykd_+qZxzV8zsRW_NQLtRnz6fsRwABYhz52=dd0OMQ at mail.gmail.com>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
> 
> I went to the website (www.courseptr.com/downloads) to download the source
> code (py3e_source.zip). It's not there. Where can I get it the source code?
> 
> -- 
> Sunil Bharuchi
> sunilkumar.bharuchi.mil at mail.mil
> sbharuchi at gmail.com
> (C) 408.644.7626
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Message: 3
> Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 10:39:20 +0000
> From: Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com>
> To: tutor at python.org
> Subject: Re: [Tutor] program code for Python Programming for the
>    Absolute Beginner, 3rd ed.?
> Message-ID: <m6p24n$47m$1 at ger.gmane.org>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed
> 
>> On 16/12/14 04:06, Sunil Bharuchi wrote:
>> I went to the website (www.courseptr.com/downloads) to download the source
>> code (py3e_source.zip). It's not there. Where can I get it the source code?
> 
> Try using Google with
> 
> python absolute beginners source code
> 
> -- 
> Alan G
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
> 
> 
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> Subject: Digest Footer
> 
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
> 
> 
> ------------------------------
> 
> End of Tutor Digest, Vol 130, Issue 28
> **************************************

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec 17 00:50:02 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 16 Dec 2014 23:50:02 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Tutor Digest, Vol 130, Issue 28
In-Reply-To: <B036BC8D-3565-4EAB-85B8-DE36B9C2CDB2@gmail.com>
References: <mailman.19.1418727602.1071.tutor@python.org>
 <B036BC8D-3565-4EAB-85B8-DE36B9C2CDB2@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m6qgfa$8fk$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 16/12/14 12:16, Jim Gallaher wrote:
>
> Sunil Bharuchi,
>
> I have that same book so I can answer this question. The code can be found at the author's site. programgames.com

Thanks for answering the question but please, in future,
provide a meaningful subject line (for archive purposes)
and also delete the contents of the digest that is not
relevant. Some members pay by the byte for their internet
access and others just dislike being sent stuff they
have already seen as members of the list.

Thankyou
-- 
Alan G
List moderator


From AbdullahiFarah.Moham at claremont-high.org.uk  Thu Dec 18 22:10:40 2014
From: AbdullahiFarah.Moham at claremont-high.org.uk (Abdullahi Farah Mohamud)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2014 21:10:40 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] (no subject)
Message-ID: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>

hello i need help with a program and i dont understand what is wrong
it is a lottery ticket generator.
the problem is:
when the computers asks the user if he would like to go again and the user says yes, it asks for the number of lines and then if the user clicks 3 it will only give me one line.
here is the code
appreciate if you could help


import random
abz = 0
lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))
loop = lines
if lines >7:
    print('Too many lines saaxib')
    exit()
else:
    print()
while lines != 0:
    line1 = random.randint (1,7)
    line2 = random.randint (8,14)
    line3 = random.randint (15,21)
    line4 = random.randint (22,28)
    line5 = random.randint (29,35)
    line6 = random.randint (36,42)
    line7 = random.randint (43,49)
    lines = lines - 1
    print(line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6,line7)
while abz == 0:
    again = input('Would you like to go again?')
    if again == 'yes':
        lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))






    line1 = random.randint (1,7)
    line2 = random.randint (8,14)
    line3 = random.randint (15,21)
    line4 = random.randint (22,28)
    line5 = random.randint (29,35)
    line6 = random.randint (36,42)
    line7 = random.randint (43,49)
    lines = lines - 1
    print(line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6,line7)

    if again == 'no':
        print('Okay the program is finished saaxib')
        exit()

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 19 01:55:49 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 00:55:49 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] lottery problem (Was Re: (no subject))
In-Reply-To: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
Message-ID: <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 18/12/14 21:10, Abdullahi Farah Mohamud wrote:
> hello i need help with a program and i dont understand what is wrong

Please always add a meaningful subject line.

> when the computers asks the user if he would like to go again
 > and the user says yes, it asks for the number of lines
 > and then if the user clicks 3 it will only give
> me one line.

> import random
> abz = 0
> lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))
> loop = lines
> if lines >7:

You might want to check fpor negative numbers too
or you will loop forever.

>      print('Too many lines saaxib')
>      exit()
> else:
>      print()
> while lines != 0:
>      line1 = random.randint (1,7)
>      line2 = random.randint (8,14)
>      line3 = random.randint (15,21)
>      line4 = random.randint (22,28)
>      line5 = random.randint (29,35)
>      line6 = random.randint (36,42)
>      line7 = random.randint (43,49)
 >      lines = lines - 1
 >      print(line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6,line7)

Down to here basically works. But...

You could have used a list instead of all the
individual variables

line[0] = ...
line[1] = ...

But then you could get clever and use a loop:

while lines != 0:
    start = 1
    period = 7
    for lineNum in range(7):
        line[lineNum] = random(start,period)
        start += period
        period += period
    print (*line)
    lines -=1


> while abz == 0:
>      again = input('Would you like to go again?')
>      if again == 'yes':
>          lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))
>      line1 = random.randint (1,7)

Notice this is outside the if statement so will execute
regardless of the answer.

But unlike the equivalent section above it is NOT in a
while loop so will only execute once per question.
Which is what you were seeing.

>      line2 = random.randint (8,14)
>      line3 = random.randint (15,21)
>      line4 = random.randint (22,28)
>      line5 = random.randint (29,35)
>      line6 = random.randint (36,42)
>      line7 = random.randint (43,49)
>      lines = lines - 1
>      print(line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6,line7)

Since you are duplicating code you could put it in a function - have you 
seen functions yet?

def getLine(start=1, period=7):
    line = []
    for lineNum in range(7):
        line[lineNum] = random(start,period)
        start += period
        period += period
    return line

then the while loop becomes:

while lines != 0:
     line = getLine()
     print(*line)
     lines -= 1

>      if again == 'no':
>          print('Okay the program is finished saaxib')
>          exit()

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Fri Dec 19 02:03:35 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 12:03:35 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] (no subject)
In-Reply-To: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
Message-ID: <20141219010335.GD20332@ando.pearwood.info>

On Thu, Dec 18, 2014 at 09:10:40PM +0000, Abdullahi Farah Mohamud wrote:
> hello i need help with a program and i dont understand what is wrong
> it is a lottery ticket generator.
> the problem is:
> when the computers asks the user if he would like to go again and the user says yes, it asks for the number of lines and then if the user clicks 3 it will only give me one line.
> here is the code
> appreciate if you could help
> 
> 
> import random
> abz = 0
> lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))
> loop = lines
> if lines >7:
>     print('Too many lines saaxib')
>     exit()
> else:
>     print()

Here you loop over each lines. A "while loop" is not the best way to do 
this, a for loop would be much better.
> while lines != 0:
>     line1 = random.randint (1,7)
>     line2 = random.randint (8,14)
>     line3 = random.randint (15,21)
>     line4 = random.randint (22,28)
>     line5 = random.randint (29,35)
>     line6 = random.randint (36,42)
>     line7 = random.randint (43,49)
>     lines = lines - 1
>     print(line1, line2, line3, line4, line5, line6,line7)

When you finish this while loop, you then start a brand new while loop:

> while abz == 0:
>     again = input('Would you like to go again?')
>     if again == 'yes':
>         lines = int(input('How many lines would you like?'))

All this does is repeatedly ask the user if they want to go again, over 
and over and over and over again, never stopping. It never stops because 
abz never gets changed: it starts with the value 0, and it stays with 
the value 0 forever.

Here is how I would solve this problem in English. You can try 
translating it into Python code:


start
WHILE the user wants to play:
    ask how many numbers to pick
    FOR each of those numbers:
        print a random number
        print that number
    ask the user if they want to play again
end


Take note of the indentation: there is only one WHILE loop, and asking 
the user if they want to play again is *inside* that while loop, not 
outside it.



Hope that this helps. Please try your best to change this to Python 
code, and ask for help if you need it.



-- 
Steven

From hanzer at riseup.net  Fri Dec 19 02:27:03 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2014 20:27:03 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] lottery problem (Was Re: (no subject))
In-Reply-To: <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
 <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20141218202703.8f82ddd11cd43f68ba6577df@riseup.net>

On Fri, 19 Dec 2014 00:55:49 +0000
Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote:

> You could have used a list instead of all the
> individual variables
> 
> line[0] = ...
> line[1] = ...
> 
> But then you could get clever and use a loop:
> 
> while lines != 0:
>     start = 1
>     period = 7
>     for lineNum in range(7):
>         line[lineNum] = random(start,period)
>         start += period
>         period += period
>     print (*line)
>     lines -=1
> 

A list comprehension might be fun. https://docs.python.org/3.4/tutorial/datastructures.html#list-comprehensions

For example:

>>> [random.randint(x,x+6) for x in range(1,50,7)]
[4, 9, 15, 27, 33, 36, 49]

And to build the 'lines' list (although, this is getting rather ugly):

>>> lines = [[random.randint(x,x+6) for x in range(1,50,7)] for i in range(7)]
>>> lines
[[2, 13, 18, 27, 35, 37, 47], [1, 11, 21, 24, 34, 37, 49], [7, 12, 16, 24, 29, 36, 44], [4, 9, 16, 22, 32, 37, 46], [2, 13, 20, 22, 29, 40, 46], [7, 14, 19, 26, 35, 42, 43], [4, 12, 16, 22, 34, 40, 46]]

It might also be a good idea to execute random.seed() before calling randint() - https://docs.python.org/3.4/library/random.html#random.seed

From hanzer at riseup.net  Fri Dec 19 05:24:02 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2014 23:24:02 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] lottery problem (Was Re: (no subject))
In-Reply-To: <20141218202703.8f82ddd11cd43f68ba6577df@riseup.net>
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
 <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <20141218202703.8f82ddd11cd43f68ba6577df@riseup.net>
Message-ID: <20141218232402.68ca052ac62e8883c05d2c84@riseup.net>

On Thu, 18 Dec 2014 20:27:03 -0500
Adam Jensen <hanzer at riseup.net> wrote:

> And to build the 'lines' list (although, this is getting rather ugly):
> 
> >>> lines = [[random.randint(x,x+6) for x in range(1,50,7)] for i in range(7)]

Oops, in the context of the original program this might make more sense if written as:

data = [[random.randint(x,x+6) for x in range(1,50,7)] for i in range(lines)]

Side note: if one were to only import specific functions from a module, would the load time and memory consumption be smaller? Example, is:

from random import randint, seed

smaller and faster than:

import random


Side side note: since 'i' isn't being used, is there a way to loop (within the list comprehension) without the 'i'? For example, to generate three random numbers:

[randint(1,10) for i in range(3)]  # This works. 
[randint(1,10) for range(3)]  # This does not work. 

From brandontdr at gmail.com  Fri Dec 19 03:09:59 2014
From: brandontdr at gmail.com (Brandon Dorsey)
Date: Thu, 18 Dec 2014 21:09:59 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
Message-ID: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>

Hello All,

Programming has always been a passion of mine, however, I'm frequently
frustrated at

simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
start, and finish, a simple

project.  I find difficult to not only visualize the execution, but to
figure out when and where to

use data structure 'x'.    Any suggestions on how to approach programming
from a different angle?

From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Dec 19 10:32:15 2014
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 10:32:15 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] lottery problem (Was Re: (no subject))
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
 <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <20141218202703.8f82ddd11cd43f68ba6577df@riseup.net>
 <20141218232402.68ca052ac62e8883c05d2c84@riseup.net>
Message-ID: <m70rbg$2al$1@ger.gmane.org>

Adam Jensen wrote:

> Side note: if one were to only import specific functions from a module,
> would the load time and memory consumption be smaller? Example, is:
> 
> from random import randint, seed
> 
> smaller and faster than:
> 
> import random

Basically

from random import randint, seed

is equivalent to 

import random
randint = random.randint
seed = random.seed
del random

>From that you can deduce that the whole random module is loaded into memory 
in both cases. A small speed advantage may be caused when the attribute 
lookup is avoided in a tight loop
 
$ python3 -m timeit -s 'import random' 'random.randint'
10000000 loops, best of 3: 0.0925 usec per loop
$ python3 -m timeit -s 'from random import randint' 'randint'
10000000 loops, best of 3: 0.0356 usec per loop

but the actual randint() function call is so "heavy" that this speedup is 
lost in the noise when you actually invoke the function:

$ python3 -m timeit -s 'from random import randint' 'randint(0, 42)'
100000 loops, best of 3: 3.73 usec per loop
$ python3 -m timeit -s 'import random' 'random.randint(0, 42)'
100000 loops, best of 3: 3.82 usec per loop

> Side side note: since 'i' isn't being used, is there a way to loop (within
> the list comprehension) without the 'i'? For example, to generate three
> random numbers:
> 
> [randint(1,10) for i in range(3)]  # This works.
> [randint(1,10) for range(3)]  # This does not work.

No, but in numpy you can express it directly

numpy.random.randint(1, 10, 3)

or -- if you go back to the original problem -- with some effort:

>>> N = 3
>>> numpy.random.randint(1, 10, N) + numpy.arange(0, N*10, 10)
array([ 5, 11, 27])

In return the latter is likely significantly more efficient for large N than 
the generic list comprehension.


From joseph.lee22590 at gmail.com  Fri Dec 19 10:44:56 2014
From: joseph.lee22590 at gmail.com (Joseph Lee)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 01:44:56 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] FW:  Learning to program, not code.
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com> 
Message-ID: <000101d01b70$734a2330$59de6990$@gmail.com>

Oops, sent it to the original poster only.

-----Original Message-----
From: Joseph Lee [mailto:joseph.lee22590 at gmail.com] 
Sent: Friday, December 19, 2014 1:43 AM
To: 'Brandon Dorsey'
Subject: RE: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.

Hi Brandon,
Answers are below.

-----Original Message-----
From: Tutor [mailto:tutor-bounces+joseph.lee22590=gmail.com at python.org] On
Behalf Of Brandon Dorsey
Sent: Thursday, December 18, 2014 6:10 PM
To: tutor at python.org
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.

Hello All,
Programming has always been a passion of mine, however, I'm frequently
frustrated at simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I
have yet to start, and finish, a simple project.  I find difficult to not
only visualize the execution, but to figure out when and where to use data
structure 'x'.    Any suggestions on how to approach programming from a
different angle?

JL: A very good question. I come from C++ background and have been using
Python since 2012. After speaking Python for a while, I realize that
programming can be best described as writing a story or an essay. The
English-like syntax of Python, coupled with use of indentation and good
number of tools helped me appreciate how a program works (for me, from
machine level mostly, as I'm working on a project that uses PyWin32
extensions and Win32 API a lot).

Another way to approach programming a project is playing a musical piece or
watching a play. When you play a song, you know when and how to play a given
melody, or when watching a play, you get an idea as to how an actor portrays
a particular character. For me, I sometimes view programming as writing a
play (rather, a musical), with data structures being props and functions
being actors (believe it or not, many geeks are good at arts, including
myself - I use my fingers to type the latest screen reading algorithms in
Python and play show tunes and video game themes on piano).

Good luck.
Cheers,
Joseph
_______________________________________________
Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


From sarika1989.08 at gmail.com  Fri Dec 19 10:38:52 2014
From: sarika1989.08 at gmail.com (Sarika Shrivastava)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 15:08:52 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CACB_4S-L5NRafKeg20CMd=bFQteH=dzkZL45sKA5R5i=wN89Rw@mail.gmail.com>

Hello All


             I am  also facing write a code in python please help me for
this i read all concepts of python
but whem i will started this i am facing lot of problems .

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Brandon Dorsey <brandontdr at gmail.com>
Date: Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 7:39 AM
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
To: tutor at python.org

Hello All,

Programming has always been a passion of mine, however, I'm frequently
frustrated at

simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
start, and finish, a simple

project.  I find difficult to not only visualize the execution, but to
figure out when and where to

use data structure 'x'.    Any suggestions on how to approach programming
from a different angle?
_______________________________________________
Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


--

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 19 11:27:24 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 10:27:24 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m70uib$n1p$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 19/12/14 02:09, Brandon Dorsey wrote:

> simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
> start, and finish, a simple project.

That's a pity because the detail involved in completing a
project is often where you learn most.

Maybe you should take time out from "learning" to concentrate
on finishing one simple project. Make a start and when you get
stuck, ask here.

> I find difficult to not only visualize the execution, but to
> figure out when and where to use data structure 'x'.

The base data structures of list, tuple, set, dictionary all have fairly 
specific uses.

- Sets are collections of unique values
- Lists are numerically indexed, mutable collections of values
- Tuples are numerically indexed, immutable collections of values
- Dictionaries are keyed, mutable collections of values.

Often you can use any one of list, tuple or dictionary...
Use a tuple if it won't be changing.
Use a dictionary if you have a natural key value
Otherwise use a list

Classes are a special case and are best discussed separately
if that's where you are struggling. You don't need classes
for most simple projects.

> Any suggestions on how to approach programming
> from a different angle?

You could try designing the program before you start. Often jumping into 
code too soon leads to confusion. Do you have any method of structuring 
your code before you start? (For example using
pdeudo-code or flow charts?)

For a completely different approach to designing code (using
Scheme but applicable to Python too) take a look at the web
site/ebook "How to Design Programs"

http://www.htdp.org/

This is particularly helpful if your problems tend to
be algorithmic in nature rather than data store focused.


HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Fri Dec 19 11:46:41 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 10:46:41 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <CACB_4S-L5NRafKeg20CMd=bFQteH=dzkZL45sKA5R5i=wN89Rw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
 <CACB_4S-L5NRafKeg20CMd=bFQteH=dzkZL45sKA5R5i=wN89Rw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m70vmh$8rb$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 19/12/14 09:38, Sarika Shrivastava wrote:
>               I am  also facing write a code in python please help me for
> this i read all concepts of python
> but whem i will started this i am facing lot of problems .

Feel free to ask questions here.
But please be specific. We need to know what kind of program you
are writing; what its inputs and outputs should look like.

If you get error messages you don't understand post the entire error 
message and at least some of the code from the place where it occurs.
(If the code is short (less than 100 lines?) post all of it)

Finally, tell us the OS and Python version.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From davea at davea.name  Fri Dec 19 14:06:39 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 08:06:39 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <549422DF.3050808@davea.name>

On 12/18/2014 09:09 PM, Brandon Dorsey wrote:
> Hello All,
>
> Programming has always been a passion of mine,

A great start.  Can you tell us a little more about yourself?  Is Python 
the first language you've tried, or are you successful at other 
languages?  Are you in school, at what level, do you already have some 
other career and this is a hobby?  Do you have some hobbies that 
programming might synergize with?

 > however, I'm frequently
> frustrated at
>
> simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
> start, and finish, a simple
>
> project.

How are you learning python?  Are you in a class, did you buy a book, 
download a tutorial, what?

>  I find difficult to not only visualize the execution,

There are tools that may help with that, but it's not clear to me 
whether that would really help.  If you want to play, you could look at:

ttp://www.pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit

> but to figure out when and where to
>
> use data structure 'x'.

Alan gave some brief descriptions.  You should realize that those are 
just the particular collections that are in the builtin section of 
python.  There are many more in the standard library, MANY more out on 
the internet (eg. pypi), and many more in your head, just aching to come 
out.

     Any suggestions on how to approach programming
> from a different angle?

That's a great perspective.

We're now drowning in a sea of riches, information on any topic.  But in 
most cases, you have to be introduced to a topic systematically, with 
controlled flow, in order to understand what the fancier concepts are 
all about.  When I "started" programming in 1966, it was with a borrowed 
Fortran book over spring break.  I wrote a number of programs on sheets 
of paper, but had no machine to execute them on.  (I also expect there 
were more errors than useful statements, but I didn't know anything 
about that either)  I went on a field trip to the nearest computer, 
which was at Yale.  I got to see the actual machinery through some large 
windows, but didn't have a chance to run anything till almost a year 
later, at my own college.  Even then, freshmen weren't taught anything 
about them, and I had to learn from another student how to submit 
punched cards to the computer.  And how to run jobs without having a 
legitimate account.

Frequently when people develop an interest in programming now, it's in 
order to write a game, design a website, or to solve some fairly complex 
problem.  If they then try to research the tools, they get overwhelmed 
with the possibilities. And without a narrower focus, they never get 
that satisfaction that comes with finishing a project.

Without knowing anything at all about you really, I'd suggest you either 
take a course, or really *do* a tutorial.  Many people just read a book 
(or site) about the subject, and don't actually try the exercises.  In 
my case it was excusable, since I didn't have the several million 
dollars necessary to buy a computer, but the principle still holds. 
Start small, and systematically build up your abilities.  If you're 
disciplined enough to do that on your own, there are many Python 
tutorials that you can download.  And when you get stuck, you'll have a 
manageable problem that somebody can help with.

If you've done all that, and you're still stuck, then be much more 
specific in your question here.  Pick a project (or exercise, or 
assignment) that you've started working on, and describe the following:

1) python version and OS version
2) project description
3) code fragment that shows your present difficulty
4) what happens, and what you hoped would happen
5) any error messages (show the full stack trace) you get
6) meaningful subject line

Python is a fabulous language for learning.  You can get feedback a few 
seconds after you run the code, and you can make a change and try again 
in under a minute.  I worked in one environment where the turnaround for 
a compile was about a day and a half.  And in another where the compile 
of the complete application was done only once a week, and making it was 
a half-time job for the build-master.

I've also worked in environments where I had to build my own programming 
tools, starting with a text editor.  And in environments where we 
entered the code in hex.  And generating the hex was a pencil/paper 
exercise.  Looseleaf notebook was the source code.



-- 
DaveA

From hanzer at riseup.net  Fri Dec 19 17:57:28 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 11:57:28 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] lottery problem (Was Re: (no subject))
In-Reply-To: <m70rbg$2al$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <F76B360057B9EF419567ED5A112B971EAC2B0CAF@chssrv03b.chs.local>
 <m6vt2l$6p9$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <20141218202703.8f82ddd11cd43f68ba6577df@riseup.net>
 <20141218232402.68ca052ac62e8883c05d2c84@riseup.net>
 <m70rbg$2al$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20141219115728.e1cb8358710fab0848f69dec@riseup.net>

On Fri, 19 Dec 2014 10:32:15 +0100
Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote:

> Basically
> 
> from random import randint, seed
> 
> is equivalent to 
> 
> import random
> randint = random.randint
> seed = random.seed
> del random
> 
> From that you can deduce that the whole random module is loaded into memory 
> in both cases. A small speed advantage may be caused when the attribute 
> lookup is avoided in a tight loop

Thanks for the clarification, that's really helpful. So I guess the import style is more about name space management than controlling the details of what gets loaded...

> or -- if you go back to the original problem -- with some effort:
> 
> >>> N = 3
> >>> numpy.random.randint(1, 10, N) + numpy.arange(0, N*10, 10)
> array([ 5, 11, 27])
> 
> In return the latter is likely significantly more efficient for large N than 
> the generic list comprehension.

Ha! That's fun. Seven seems to be a magic number in the original problem, so maybe a little tweak:

import numpy as np
N=7
(np.random.randint(1,N,N) + np.arange(0,N*N,N)).tolist()


From robertvstepp at gmail.com  Sat Dec 20 03:12:14 2014
From: robertvstepp at gmail.com (boB Stepp)
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2014 20:12:14 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code. [LONG RESPONSE!]
Message-ID: <CANDiX9LV6u5Suxq8-N0gXRY5OJihcGHymkPmUBbVp-dzbQJToA@mail.gmail.com>

On Thu, Dec 18, 2014 at 8:09 PM, Brandon Dorsey <brandontdr at gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Hello All,
>
> Programming has always been a passion of mine, however, I'm frequently
> frustrated at
>
> simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
> start, and finish, a simple
>
> project.  I find difficult to not only visualize the execution, but to
> figure out when and where to
>
> use data structure 'x'.    Any suggestions on how to approach programming
> from a different angle?

I am going to take a stab at this. Perhaps the perspective from a
non-professional in the world of computer programming might be of
help. Like you I have had an ongoing fascination with computers and
programming ever since I encountered punch cards, FORTRAN and an IBM
mainframe in a computer science 101-like course in 1975. Ever since
I've from time to time had encounters with programming, that have
become more prevalent of late.

Perhaps it might be helpful to view programming more simply as
computer-aided problem solving, even though, at times, the computer
seems to be a major stumbling block if not the outright problem
itself. Thinking about it this way means that whatever techniques you
know that have proven fruitful for  solving other intellectual
problems should be useful for programming conundrums as well.

A major starting point is to make sure you understand the problem you
are trying to tackle, or, at least have a useful overall appreciation
of the task before you. As the problems get more challenging, your
initial understanding may not be as deep as you would like, but you
need to know enough to at least make some sort of start.

Next, make sure the problem you chose is likely to be solvable in the
domain you choose to approach it. An example of what I mean is that
sending all of your program's output to a textual command line
interface may not prove very fruitful if you are trying to write a
graphical dungeons and dragon game. However, even here there might be
possibilities. Some people use to do very interesting ASCII art and
graphical like images with those non-alphanumeric ASCII characters.
But more than likely you will not be pleased (at least nowadays)
creating a final product that runs in the command line. But note that
you could fully develop the logic of the adventure itself in this
environment and once you had that done, design the GUI/graphical/audio
elements.

Next, when initially approaching the design of the program, don't get
hung up on details! When I used to teach math and physics classes,
even at the university level students would get so hung up on the
details of the problem as stated, that they could not see the
underlying important principles necessary for the problem's solution.
Word problems of any kind is a classic example of this. I could window
dress up problems that are all solvable using the simple formula
distance equals speed multiplied by time, and students would get so
confused by the details of the window dressing that they could not see
that problems one through a gazillion and one were all solved using
this same underlying formula.

I think a similar thing happens with learning a programming language
and the programming process. Especially in the area of technical
vocabulary. Instead of focusing on what program statements, functions,
whatever actually DO and cannot do, the student is awash in a sea of
technical verbosity. Computer science people, in my personal
experience, often have a difficult time saying things SIMPLY. When I
was in college I mostly hung out with computer science types, and they
were forever speaking in technical acronyms, technical slang, ..., and
sometimes even technical profanity! But even though such things as
subroutines, functions, methods, and perhaps other names may be
precisely defined in somewhat different ways (and even might mean
different things to a greater or lesser extent in different
programming languages), what they all DO is usually quite similar.

Perhaps more importantly when tackling a challenging problem it is
easy to get lost in thinking about implementation details that you
will have to eventually worry about. But save that sort of worry for
later. I like to brainstorm on paper what my expectations are for a
program, the overall functionality, what might be "nice" to do, what
should be essential to do, ...  I try to decompose the overall problem
into obvious subunits and might even break these down as well. Then I
consider what I already know how to do and how it relates to my
brainstorming.

An example from circa 1977: I was recently introduced to backgammon
and was trying to get as good as possible at it. At the same time I
found out about a new room in the computer science building called the
software lab. I got permission to hang out there and noticed that they
had a relatively new minicomputer that had an experimental monitor
hooked up to it. Bear in mind that the most advanced visual display
interaction I had had to date was with an IBM Selectric typewriter
that was hooked up to a mainframe. You could type in your commands and
the mainframe's response would type out on paper before your eyes. But
this was even better! A large CRT that supposed had the ability to
display free-form graphical images, albeit only in a single color. No
one really knew how to use it to generate graphics, but it had a
manual. After glancing through the manual I thought I would try to
write a backgammon program. I felt sure I could display a suitable
monocolor 2D backgammon board once I learned how to programmatically
access the full functions of the monitor, but that was mostly studying
the manual. However, I did not know how to make the program logic that
would make the computer play a strong game of backgammon. So I delayed
that part and started in on what I had an idea of how to do. Later,
after reading plenty of backgammon books, I started to have ideas of
how to do the actual game logic, especially some mathematically based
ideas on proper use of the doubling cube. In the end I had a program
that would consistently beat most of the people that played it.
Disclaimer: Most of these people were poor backgammon players! So
tackle that which you have some idea on how to proceed first.

In general, when the going gets rough, work on the stuff you see a way
of tackling and temporarily skip the stuff that has you scratching
your head. Or if you are really stuck, work on a piece of a piece (...
of a piece). For instance if you are working on something that will
require a randomizer or some sort, work on that and expand on that
seed as much as possible. Find another little piece. Solve that
problem. As you do this you will often find that the stuff you learned
from doing the small pieces gives you ideas for approaching the true
head scratchers. And as you get more and more pieces solved, ways of
assembling them into bigger parts of the developing program will occur
to you.

Some other ideas on approaching the small pieces: Say you know you
will have to repeatedly do something. That should immediately suggest
to you that you will need some type of looping or iteration structure
even if you have, at this point, never heard of a while, for or
whatever loop. Once you realize this need, investigate your chosen
programming language to see if they have something similar to what you
realize you need. Or you realize you need some way to retain the
game's settings between playing sessions. That means you need to
somehow store things in files. Ergo, read up on files! Even if you
have no clue what you actually need to write to permanent storage, go
ahead and design simple functions to read and write files. As you do
this you will probably realize some little things that you can add to
these functions that reflect what the game is shaping up to be like.
And as you learn more about how to manipulate files, new pieces will
start falling into place for this portion of your program. Have to
make choices? Then what kind of structures does your language provide
for doing this? If-then-elif-else?

I don't know how you are, but I am like a dog gnawing on a bone until
I finally crack it, a little piece at a time, until I get to the
marrow.

If you are doing all of the above you will generate errors,
exceptions, whatever in profusion. Treat these as learning
opportunities to really dig into the meat, and, finally, DETAILS of
your chosen programming language. The smallest, itty bitty thing
MATTERS! Computers are so stupid. They try to do EXACTLY what you
type, however error ridden. As an example, yesterday I copied a
snippet of someone's code that had the potential to be helpful on my
current project at work. Even though I had what should have been a
fully functional code snippet that for the life of me I could not see
any reason why it shouldn't run, it continued to give me the same
error message that made absolutely no sense to me. It gave me a syntax
error at a pair of double quotes. But every time I typed in exactly
the same code manually into the interpreter, it ran. I was about to
pull out what remaining hair I had on top! Finally, I COPIED AND
PASTED the code snippet into the interpreter. It failed with exactly
the same error message! What the [insert profane word here]! I then
got real close to my monitor and really looked at those quotes. They
were pointing in slightly different directions! Once I replaced them
with my keyboard's normal double quotes the problem vanished.

So what to do when you can't eliminate the error message? First,
believe (mostly) what it says. I say mostly because it may not
pinpoint the actual location of the error. For instance you may have
forgotten to close quotes, parentheses, etc. somewhere earlier in your
code and the checker may not realize the actual point of the error. As
many have said, try to isolate the location of the problem with
judiciously inserted print statements. Print out whatever variable
values that might help you understand what is going on. Comment out
areas of code and see if you can isolate it that way. Maybe even get a
non-programmer to read your code for obvious typos that you just are
not seeing. You know, like in English class when you just cannot see
the misspelled word?

Don't forget the more insidious logic errors. If you understand what
you are trying to do, then you should know what you should get for
various inputs, situations, etc. Test these expectations!

Finally (I am finally getting tired of typing! And supper is done!!)
when you think you have it done and working, examine your ASSUMPTIONS.
What if the user does something different from what you intended? What
if that file you are expecting isn't actually there? Etc.

I hope I did not waste your time with this long post. As I said, my
programming skills are quite modest. But this is how I try to approach
things.

Keep at it! Persistence wins out in the end!1

Cheers!
boB

From davea at davea.name  Sun Dec 21 03:30:47 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2014 21:30:47 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZkoWAY+V+eAXLx=v7QjVS3swMobTipXUtC1VJTDX__dnWAbQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>	<549422DF.3050808@davea.name>
 <CAGZkoWAY+V+eAXLx=v7QjVS3swMobTipXUtC1VJTDX__dnWAbQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <549630D7.2050903@davea.name>

On 12/20/2014 08:16 PM, Brandon Dorsey wrote:
>>
>> I'm 28 years old, currently unemployed and not in school until fall of
>> 2015 as a junior.  I picked up python a little under a year ago, with the
>> hopes that I could make a career out of programming - when I finish school
>> that is.  So, as of right now you could say it's a hobby, however, I
>> figured that I would jump the gun and learn it now, on my own, with widely
>> available resources we have today.  Currently, I have a solid foundation of
>> how data structures and how OOP works, but the problem lies within having
>> analysis paralysis.  I have a tendency to over analyze everything, and with
>> programming - as we all know - there are a million ways to accomplish the
>> same task.
>>

Why do you quote your own remarks, instead of just writing them?  And 
why were they at the beginning of the message instead of following the 
context you were actually quoting?

Now that I've figured out which part of the message was yours, I can 
respond.

You don't say what your major is, nor what you have been actually doing 
to develop your skill at Python.  My guess is that you're picking 
too-ambitious tasks, and that you have not actually worked through the 
beginning problems of whatever tutorial you've worked on.  There's a 
reason my college required homework to be done and turned in, in most 
classes, at the more elementary levels.

It's easy to think you know more than you do,  I don't say that to 
offend, but to try to help you get perspective.  If you've been jumping 
ahead, perhaps that's the best way for you to learn, but it's not for 
everyone.

Pick a simpler problem, and fully chase it down.  Do NOT try to get the 
perfect algorithm, try to get a complete working implementation of the 
entire problem.  Analysis is fine, but start by decomposing the problem 
into pieces you can solve exactly, then plug them together to make up a 
complete program.

And if you've picked the right boundaries for the decomposition, you 
could then go back and optimize individual pieces, in various ways.  But 
for many problems, maybe even most, it just doesn't matter.  In real 
life, you'll find that there are just a few places where things have to 
be reworked for performance, and until you've got a lot of experience, 
you'll always guess wrong what those will be.  Once you have a lot of 
experience, you'll merely usually guess wrong.  That's why it's 
important to solve the whole problem before trying much to optimize any 
particular piece.

If you think there are a million ways to solve a task, then the task is 
too big to consider as a whole.  Decompose it into pieces small enough 
that there are only a dozen for any one of the subtasks.  Then pick one 
of the dozen, and get it done.  Do it in such a way that it can be 
described on its own, tested on its own, and maybe even shipped on its own.

So enough for generalities.  After you've picked a task, and divided it 
into subtasks, try to solve one of those subtasks, and show us what 
you're trying, what you've done, and what you don't like about it.

You'll get lots of advice, some of it very good.  Just remember that 
many of us love to prematurely optimize (it's fun),, and you're at the 
wrong stage to be doing that.  So go ahead and write loops instead of 
list comprehensions.  Worry more about whether the variable names make 
sense, whether the functions are trying to do too much, and whether 
you're making too many untested assumptions about the outside world.

-- 
DaveA

From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Sun Dec 21 04:01:19 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 14:01:19 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Posting and quoting style (was: Learning to program,
	not code.)
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
 <549422DF.3050808@davea.name>
 <CAGZkoWAY+V+eAXLx=v7QjVS3swMobTipXUtC1VJTDX__dnWAbQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <549630D7.2050903@davea.name>
Message-ID: <85y4q11zb4.fsf_-_@benfinney.id.au>

Dave Angel <davea at davea.name> writes:

> Why do you quote your own remarks, instead of just writing them? And
> why were they at the beginning of the message instead of following the
> context you were actually quoting?

As Dave alludes to, discussions are much clearer to follow when
responses are composed in ?interleaved style?; please follow it
<URL:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style>.

Your email client might make this conventional quoting and responding
style difficult. If so, agitate with the vendor of that program to
support the conventional style more easily; and, until then, switch to a
better client program.

-- 
 \     ?To punish me for my contempt of authority, Fate has made me an |
  `\                   authority myself.? ?Albert Einstein, 1930-09-18 |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From brandontdr at gmail.com  Sun Dec 21 02:16:37 2014
From: brandontdr at gmail.com (Brandon Dorsey)
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2014 20:16:37 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <549422DF.3050808@davea.name>
References: <CAGZkoWCPAf3c7MDc4ROhTTEAJOCx-dL=xw8X2dR6NDtfnNN7xw@mail.gmail.com>
 <549422DF.3050808@davea.name>
Message-ID: <CAGZkoWAY+V+eAXLx=v7QjVS3swMobTipXUtC1VJTDX__dnWAbQ@mail.gmail.com>

>
> I'm 28 years old, currently unemployed and not in school until fall of
> 2015 as a junior.  I picked up python a little under a year ago, with the
> hopes that I could make a career out of programming - when I finish school
> that is.  So, as of right now you could say it's a hobby, however, I
> figured that I would jump the gun and learn it now, on my own, with widely
> available resources we have today.  Currently, I have a solid foundation of
> how data structures and how OOP works, but the problem lies within having
> analysis paralysis.  I have a tendency to over analyze everything, and with
> programming - as we all know - there are a million ways to accomplish the
> same task.
>

On Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 8:06 AM, Dave Angel <davea at davea.name> wrote:

> On 12/18/2014 09:09 PM, Brandon Dorsey wrote:
>
>> Hello All,
>>
>> Programming has always been a passion of mine,
>>
>
> A great start.  Can you tell us a little more about yourself?  Is Python
> the first language you've tried, or are you successful at other languages?
> Are you in school, at what level, do you already have some other career and
> this is a hobby?  Do you have some hobbies that programming might synergize
> with?
>
> > however, I'm frequently
>
>> frustrated at
>>
>> simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have yet to
>> start, and finish, a simple
>>
>> project.
>>
>
> How are you learning python?  Are you in a class, did you buy a book,
> download a tutorial, what?
>
>   I find difficult to not only visualize the execution,
>>
>
> There are tools that may help with that, but it's not clear to me whether
> that would really help.  If you want to play, you could look at:
>
> ttp://www.pythontutor.com/visualize.html#mode=edit
>
>  but to figure out when and where to
>>
>> use data structure 'x'.
>>
>
> Alan gave some brief descriptions.  You should realize that those are just
> the particular collections that are in the builtin section of python.
> There are many more in the standard library, MANY more out on the internet
> (eg. pypi), and many more in your head, just aching to come out.
>
>     Any suggestions on how to approach programming
>
>> from a different angle?
>>
>
> That's a great perspective.
>
> We're now drowning in a sea of riches, information on any topic.  But in
> most cases, you have to be introduced to a topic systematically, with
> controlled flow, in order to understand what the fancier concepts are all
> about.  When I "started" programming in 1966, it was with a borrowed
> Fortran book over spring break.  I wrote a number of programs on sheets of
> paper, but had no machine to execute them on.  (I also expect there were
> more errors than useful statements, but I didn't know anything about that
> either)  I went on a field trip to the nearest computer, which was at
> Yale.  I got to see the actual machinery through some large windows, but
> didn't have a chance to run anything till almost a year later, at my own
> college.  Even then, freshmen weren't taught anything about them, and I had
> to learn from another student how to submit punched cards to the computer.
> And how to run jobs without having a legitimate account.
>
> Frequently when people develop an interest in programming now, it's in
> order to write a game, design a website, or to solve some fairly complex
> problem.  If they then try to research the tools, they get overwhelmed with
> the possibilities. And without a narrower focus, they never get that
> satisfaction that comes with finishing a project.
>
> Without knowing anything at all about you really, I'd suggest you either
> take a course, or really *do* a tutorial.  Many people just read a book (or
> site) about the subject, and don't actually try the exercises.  In my case
> it was excusable, since I didn't have the several million dollars necessary
> to buy a computer, but the principle still holds. Start small, and
> systematically build up your abilities.  If you're disciplined enough to do
> that on your own, there are many Python tutorials that you can download.
> And when you get stuck, you'll have a manageable problem that somebody can
> help with.
>
> If you've done all that, and you're still stuck, then be much more
> specific in your question here.  Pick a project (or exercise, or
> assignment) that you've started working on, and describe the following:
>
> 1) python version and OS version
> 2) project description
> 3) code fragment that shows your present difficulty
> 4) what happens, and what you hoped would happen
> 5) any error messages (show the full stack trace) you get
> 6) meaningful subject line
>
> Python is a fabulous language for learning.  You can get feedback a few
> seconds after you run the code, and you can make a change and try again in
> under a minute.  I worked in one environment where the turnaround for a
> compile was about a day and a half.  And in another where the compile of
> the complete application was done only once a week, and making it was a
> half-time job for the build-master.
>
> I've also worked in environments where I had to build my own programming
> tools, starting with a text editor.  And in environments where we entered
> the code in hex.  And generating the hex was a pencil/paper exercise.
> Looseleaf notebook was the source code.
>
>
>
> --
> DaveA
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>

From fomcl at yahoo.com  Sun Dec 21 10:21:47 2014
From: fomcl at yahoo.com (Albert-Jan Roskam)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 01:21:47 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
Message-ID: <1419153707.82808.BPMail_high_carrier@web163804.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>


----------------------------
On Sun, Dec 21, 2014 3:30 AM CET Dave Angel wrote:

>On 12/20/2014 08:16 PM, Brandon Dorsey wrote:
>> 
>> I'm 28 years old, currently unemployed and not in school until fall of
>> 2015 as a junior.  I picked up python a little under a year ago, with the
>> hopes that I could make a career out of programming - when I finish school
>> that is.  So, as of right now you could say it's a hobby, however, I
>> figured that I would jump the gun and learn it now, on my own, with widely
>> available resources we have today.  Currently, I have a solid foundation of
>> how data structures and how OOP works, but the problem lies within having
>> analysis paralysis.  I have a tendency to over analyze everything, and with
>> programming - as we all know - there are a million ways to accomplish the
>> same task.
>> 
>
>Why do you quote your own remarks, instead of just writing them?  And why were they at the beginning of the message instead of following the context you were actually quoting?
>
>Now that I've figured out which part of the message was yours, I can respond.
>
>You don't say what your major is, nor what you have been actually doing to develop your skill at Python.  My guess is that you're picking too-ambitious tasks, and that you have not actually worked through the beginning problems of whatever tutorial you've worked on.  There's a reason my college required homework to be done and turned in, in most classes, at the more elementary levels.
>
>It's easy to think you know more than you do,  I don't say that to offend, but to try to help you get perspective.  If you've been jumping ahead, perhaps that's the best way for you to learn, but it's not for everyone.
>
>Pick a simpler problem, and fully chase it down.  Do NOT try to get the perfect algorithm, try to get a complete working implementation of the entire problem.  Analysis is fine, but start by decomposing the problem into pieces you can solve exactly, then plug them together to make up a complete program.
>
>And if you've picked the right boundaries for the decomposition, you could then go back and optimize individual pieces, in various ways.  But for many problems, maybe even most, it just doesn't matter.  In real life, you'll find that there are just a few places where things have to be reworked for performance, and until you've got a lot of experience, you'll always guess wrong what those will be.  Once you have a lot of experience, you'll merely usually guess wrong.  That's why it's important to solve the whole problem before trying much to optimize any particular piece.
>
>If you think there are a million ways to solve a task, then the task is too big to consider as a whole.  Decompose it into pieces small enough that there are only a dozen for any one of the subtasks.  Then pick one of the dozen, and get it done.  Do it in such a way that it can be described on its own, tested on its own, and maybe even shipped on its own.


Don't postpone writing unittests (don't use doctest). They really give you focus and confidence (peace of mind!). If you also use version control, you can automatically run all tests before each commit.




>So enough for generalities.  After you've picked a task, and divided it into subtasks, try to solve one of those subtasks, and show us what you're trying, what you've done, and what you don't like about it.
>
>You'll get lots of advice, some of it very good.  Just remember that many of us love to prematurely optimize (it's fun),, and you're at the wrong stage to be doing that.  So go ahead and write loops instead of list comprehensions.  Worry more about whether the variable names make sense, whether the functions are trying to do too much, and whether you're making too many untested assumptions about the outside world.
>
>-- DaveA
>_______________________________________________
>Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
>To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Sun Dec 21 11:15:43 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 21:15:43 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
References: <1419153707.82808.BPMail_high_carrier@web163804.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <85tx0p1f74.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Albert-Jan Roskam <fomcl at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid> writes:

> Don't postpone writing unittests (don't use doctest). They really give
> you focus and confidence (peace of mind!).

Excellent advice. Write unit tests as a way of documenting what you want
the function to do, and also to document what the function did wrong
in that bug you just found :-)

(Although, I'd modify the above to: do use doctest, but *not* for unit
tests. Use doctest only for testing code examples you already have in
your documentation, it's good for that.)

> If you also use version control, you can automatically run all tests
> before each commit.

There's no ?if? there. Use a distributed version control system
(Mercurial is good and is written in Python), and always make small
easily-described commits while working.

-- 
 \        ?Visitors are expected to complain at the office between the |
  `\                     hours of 9 and 11 a.m. daily.? ?hotel, Athens |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney


From hanzer at riseup.net  Sun Dec 21 19:38:29 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 13:38:29 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <85tx0p1f74.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
References: <1419153707.82808.BPMail_high_carrier@web163804.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
 <85tx0p1f74.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
Message-ID: <20141221133829.7270dd2c72414a63d858aefb@riseup.net>

On Sun, 21 Dec 2014 21:15:43 +1100
Ben Finney <ben+python at benfinney.id.au> wrote:

> Use a distributed version control system
> (Mercurial is good and is written in Python)


I'm beginning to really appreciate [fossil](http://fossil-scm.org/). 

Re: "Learning to program, not code". Is that like learning to think rather than (or before) learning to express your thoughts? Hmm, I'll have to think about that...


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sun Dec 21 19:59:17 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 18:59:17 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code.
In-Reply-To: <1419153707.82808.BPMail_high_carrier@web163804.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
References: <1419153707.82808.BPMail_high_carrier@web163804.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <m775a4$oop$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 21/12/14 09:21, Albert-Jan Roskam wrote:

> Don't postpone writing unittests (don't use doctest).

But do wait till you know what you will be testing.
You can't write a unit test until you have a unit in mind.
The OP seems to be struggling to figure out what units
he needs. Once he has done that, unit testing can be
included as part of the normal discipline of writing code.
But you need to know the structure before you get to
that stage.

But even with system testing the first challenge is
still to understand what it is you are trying to build.
Until you understand the problem you can't deliver
a solution nor can you test if the solution is correct.

> They really give you focus and confidence (peace of mind!).

Often misplaced! Remember that unit tests only test units,
you also need system tests and very few unit testing
frameworks are any good at that. And especially where GUI
front ends are used. There are UI testing frameworks and
they help, but the real challenges in testing any system
are the test data build and the timing and synchronising
of the tests. Of course, system testing should never,
ideally, be done by the programmers who wrote the code,
but "ideally" often isn't possible...

> If you also use version control, you can automatically
 > run all tests before each commit.

In theory yes, but if it's a big system that may not be
practical. retesting 10,000+ files takes a long time
even on modern computers. Now I doubt if many readers
of this list are working on 10000 file codebases but
you need to bear in mind that some day you may be and
these *rules* don't always apply. I've worked on systems
where running a full build/test cycle took 3 to 4 days.
It was usually done over the weekend and Mondays and
Tuesdays were reserved for bug fixing. The aim being
to have a new working system every Wednesday morning.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From robertvstepp at gmail.com  Mon Dec 22 03:00:57 2014
From: robertvstepp at gmail.com (boB Stepp)
Date: Sun, 21 Dec 2014 20:00:57 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] Fwd: Re:  Learning to program, not code. [LONG RESPONSE!]
In-Reply-To: <20141222012520.GE2530@gmail.com>
References: <CANDiX9LV6u5Suxq8-N0gXRY5OJihcGHymkPmUBbVp-dzbQJToA@mail.gmail.com>
 <20141222012520.GE2530@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CANDiX9+209=GtZk595J7s8itspywL4KFqjFR-xwx2kTYSakCYQ@mail.gmail.com>

It appears that Michael only sent this to me when I think he meant to send
it to the list...

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: "Michael Shiloh" <michaelshiloh1010 at gmail.com>
Date: Dec 21, 2014 7:25 PM
Subject: Re: [Tutor] Learning to program, not code. [LONG RESPONSE!]
To: "boB Stepp" <robertvstepp at gmail.com>
Cc:

> On Fri, Dec 19, 2014 at 08:12:14PM -0600, boB Stepp wrote:
> > On Thu, Dec 18, 2014 at 8:09 PM, Brandon Dorsey <brandontdr at gmail.com>
wrote:
> > >
> > > Hello All,
> > >
> > > simple fact that I've been learning python for 8 months, and I have
yet to
> > > start, and finish, a simpleproject.  I find difficult to not only
visualize
> > > the execution, but to figure out when and where to
> > > use data structure 'x'.    Any suggestions on how to approach
programming
> > > from a different angle?
> >
> > I am going to take a stab at this. Perhaps the perspective from a
> > non-professional in the world of computer programming might be of
> > help.
>
> Very interesting question,  Brandon, and many excellent answers. I like
the
> comments that Bob made in particular.
>
> I have two modest suggestions:
>
> 1) Pretend you are explaining to someone else how to solve the problem (a
pet
> or stuffed animal would work as well). Pretend the person you're telling
knows
> very little so that you have to explain in great detail. I find this helps
> sometimes, but not always.
>
> 2) Bob made the wonderful suggestion that if the entire problem seems
> overwhelming, but you can see how to work on some small part of it, start
with
> that. I would add that if some small part of it interests you in
particular,
> start with that first. If you are excited or motivated, that will help you
> push through the bumps in the road.
>
> I often do the part I'm most curious about first.
>
>
> Good luck,
> Michael

From juan0christian at gmail.com  Mon Dec 22 13:53:33 2014
From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 12:53:33 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] How to change default path output of 'logging'?
Message-ID: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>

I have a 'logging' on my code using:

import logging
< ... >
logging.basicConfig(filename="bumpr.log", level=logging.INFO)
< ... >

The thing is that the default location of this output when running via
Windows Task Scheduler is 'C:/Windows/System32'.

Is there a way to change the location of the output of this module? I want
it to output where my 'main.py' is.

From zachary.ware+pytut at gmail.com  Mon Dec 22 16:20:21 2014
From: zachary.ware+pytut at gmail.com (Zachary Ware)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 09:20:21 -0600
Subject: [Tutor]  How to change default path output of 'logging'?
In-Reply-To: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAKJDb-OPU+25HQg-QRgBj9SxRqpYgYDij=7qYMpXih2JbdMPFw@mail.gmail.com>

On Monday, December 22, 2014, Juan Christian <juan0christian at gmail.com
<javascript:_e(%7B%7D,'cvml','juan0christian at gmail.com');>> wrote:

> I have a 'logging' on my code using:
>
> import logging
> < ... >
> logging.basicConfig(filename="bumpr.log", level=logging.INFO)
> < ... >
>
> The thing is that the default location of this output when running via
> Windows Task Scheduler is 'C:/Windows/System32'.
>
> Is there a way to change the location of the output of this module? I want
> it to output where my 'main.py' is.
>

That location is not a function of logging, it's a function of running via
Windows Task Scheduler, which apparently starts the program with a current
directory of C:\Windows\System32. The solution is to give logging an
absolute path for the output file (which you can base of off __file__,
something like """os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "bumpr.log")""") .

Hope this helps,
--
Zach


-- 
Sent from Gmail Mobile

From davea at davea.name  Mon Dec 22 16:34:59 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 10:34:59 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] How to change default path output of 'logging'?
In-Reply-To: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54983A23.8040001@davea.name>

On 12/22/2014 07:53 AM, Juan Christian wrote:
> I have a 'logging' on my code using:
>
> import logging
> < ... >
> logging.basicConfig(filename="bumpr.log", level=logging.INFO)
> < ... >
>
> The thing is that the default location of this output when running via
> Windows Task Scheduler is 'C:/Windows/System32'.

You want it in a different file, specify a different file.  For example,

logging.basicConfig(filename="F:/data/logging_info/bumpr.log", 
level=logging.INFO)

>
> Is there a way to change the location of the output of this module? I want
> it to output where my 'main.py' is.

No idea what part main.py plays to your code.  If it's imported, then 
you could use main.__file__  to get the full pathname to it.  Then use 
os.path.dirname() to get the directory.  Then use os.path.join() to 
combine that with "bumpr.log".

More likely, this is your script.  So if you're trying to get the 
filename from the script, you just use
   __file__

And if that doesn't show up as an absolute path, use os.path.abspath.  i 
couldn't test that part, since I don't use Windows, and can't play with 
the Windows Task Scheduler.



-- 
DaveA

From juan0christian at gmail.com  Mon Dec 22 17:41:09 2014
From: juan0christian at gmail.com (Juan Christian)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 16:41:09 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] How to change default path output of 'logging'?
References: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54983A23.8040001@davea.name>
Message-ID: <CAAp0bGscuqg_79j46CprjwFj_V8gbikG56j1R=PzGz0NXDpm4w@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon Dec 22 2014 at 1:35:44 PM Dave Angel <davea at davea.name> wrote:
>
> No idea what part main.py plays to your code.  If it's imported, then
> you could use main.__file__  to get the full pathname to it.  Then use
> os.path.dirname() to get the directory.  Then use os.path.join() to
> combine that with "bumpr.log".
>
> More likely, this is your script.  So if you're trying to get the
> filename from the script, you just use
>    __file__
>
> And if that doesn't show up as an absolute path, use os.path.abspath.  i
> couldn't test that part, since I don't use Windows, and can't play with
> the Windows Task Scheduler.
>

Thanks guys, it worked like a charm.

str(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace('main.py', '')

So I get the full-path of my main dir where main.py is and all the other
modules/packages too, no matter if I'm on OSX/Win/Linux.

From davea at davea.name  Mon Dec 22 17:57:00 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 11:57:00 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] How to change default path output of 'logging'?
In-Reply-To: <CAAp0bGscuqg_79j46CprjwFj_V8gbikG56j1R=PzGz0NXDpm4w@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAAp0bGtM6H5G+AxXHhe7o+1n54KxVu_DmVugRn7aeyA3msBGQQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54983A23.8040001@davea.name>
 <CAAp0bGscuqg_79j46CprjwFj_V8gbikG56j1R=PzGz0NXDpm4w@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54984D5C.7030900@davea.name>

On 12/22/2014 11:41 AM, Juan Christian wrote:

>
> str(os.path.abspath(__file__)).replace('main.py', '')
>
> So I get the full-path of my main dir where main.py is and all the other
> modules/packages too, no matter if I'm on OSX/Win/Linux.

That's not the best way to get the directory path for a file.  You 
should use  os.path.dirname().  That way if the basename changes from 
main.py to something else (like main.pyc, or main.pyw, or 
usefulcode.py), it'll still work.  It fixes other problems also, that 
are less likely to occur.

os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))  should do it for you.  And 
that means that you want something like:

filename=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)), 
"bumpr.log")

(untested)


-- 
DaveA

From vishwas_pathak at persistent.com  Mon Dec 22 12:27:01 2014
From: vishwas_pathak at persistent.com (Vishwas Pathak)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 11:27:01 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
Message-ID: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>

Hi,

I am working building on developing an automation framework for my product . I need to implement multi-threading having a pool of thread where each thread will be executed different set of test cases on remote windows machines. Consider following example  -

Say I have two windows OS test machines and I want to execute test cases number 1 to 5 on test machine 1 and test cases number 6 to 10 on test machine 2. I will create a thread pool of 2 threads and thread 1 will connect to test machine 1 and execute the test cases 1 to 5 and thread 2 will connect to test machine 2 and execute the test cases 6 to 10. Also each thread will generate the log files separately printing execution details for respective test machine which is assigned to this particular thread.

Please provide your inputs in designing this mechanism.

Many Thanks !!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Regards,
Vishwas Pathak


DISCLAIMER
==========
This e-mail may contain privileged and confidential information which is the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. It is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to which it is addressed. If you are not the intended recipient, you are not authorized to read, retain, copy, print, distribute or use this message. If you have received this communication in error, please notify the sender and delete all copies of this message. Persistent Systems Ltd. does not accept any liability for virus infected mails.


From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Mon Dec 22 21:16:24 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 12:16:24 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
References: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF4+j4GKAH0Hn2iWpz_XyTHq7uYGB15n_1C7RqPM-7RUUw@mail.gmail.com>

On Dec 22, 2014 10:57 AM, "Vishwas Pathak" <vishwas_pathak at persistent.com>
wrote:
>
> Hi,
>
> I am working building on developing an automation framework for my
product . I need to implement multi-threading having a pool of thread where
each thread will be executed different set of test cases on remote windows
machines.

Apologies, but this question is definitely out of bounds for Python-tutor.
This mailing list is for beginners who are learning basic programming: your
question would be more suited to an advanced forum, such as the main Python
list. Try asking there instead.

Good luck.

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Mon Dec 22 21:36:55 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (wolfrage8765 at gmail.com)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 15:36:55 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
References: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <CAOhNYvnAvQA+q_SA-MhOefskvz_8x7KyvR2hKAtYxkYKG+5HPw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 6:27 AM, Vishwas Pathak <
vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote:
Your Disclaimer alone means that I can not respond to this question, or
else it would apparently become the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. I
prefer Open Source to closed source... good day.

>
>
> DISCLAIMER
> ==========
> This e-mail may contain privileged and confidential information which is
> the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. It is intended only for the use of
> the individual or entity to which it is addressed. If you are not the
> intended recipient, you are not authorized to read, retain, copy, print,
> distribute or use this message. If you have received this communication in
> error, please notify the sender and delete all copies of this message.
> Persistent Systems Ltd. does not accept any liability for virus infected
> mails.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>

From akleider at sonic.net  Tue Dec 23 03:58:16 2014
From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 18:58:16 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
Message-ID: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>


On Dec 22, 2014 12:36 PM, wolfrage8765 at gmail.com wrote:
>
> On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 6:27 AM, Vishwas Pathak < 
> vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote: 
> Your Disclaimer alone means that I can not respond to this question, or 
> else it would apparently become the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. I 
> prefer Open Source to closed source... good day. 
>

Although I also find the disclaimer somewhat obnoxious and also prefer open source, I think you are mistaken in your conclusion about exactly what the disclaimer says.

> > 
> > 
> > DISCLAIMER 
> > ========== 
> > This e-mail may contain privileged and confidential information which is 
> > the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. It is intended only for the use of 
> > the individual or entity to which it is addressed. If you are not the 
> > intended recipient, you are not authorized to read, retain, copy, print, 
> > distribute or use this message. If you have received this communication in 
> > error, please notify the sender and delete all copies of this message. 
> > Persistent Systems Ltd. does not accept any liability for virus infected 
> > mails. 
> > 
> > _______________________________________________ 
> > Tutor maillist? -? Tutor at python.org 
> > To unsubscribe or change subscription options: 
> > https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor 
> > 
> _______________________________________________ 
> Tutor maillist? -? Tutor at python.org 
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options: 
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor 
>

From davea at davea.name  Tue Dec 23 04:21:20 2014
From: davea at davea.name (Dave Angel)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 22:21:20 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>
References: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>
Message-ID: <5498DFB0.6010903@davea.name>

On 12/22/2014 09:58 PM, Alex Kleider wrote:
>
> On Dec 22, 2014 12:36 PM, wolfrage8765 at gmail.com wrote:
>>
>> On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 6:27 AM, Vishwas Pathak <
>> vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote:
>> Your Disclaimer alone means that I can not respond to this question, or
>> else it would apparently become the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. I
>> prefer Open Source to closed source... good day.
>>
>
> Although I also find the disclaimer somewhat obnoxious and also prefer open source, I think you are mistaken in your conclusion about exactly what the disclaimer says.
>

You're right that he's mistaken.  it's even worse.  The disclaimer 
claims I'm not permitted to read such messages, nor save them on my 
machine.  So I'm considering writing a filter to try to comply by 
deleting them before they accidentally come before my eyes.



-- 
DaveA

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Tue Dec 23 04:55:18 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (wolfrage8765 at gmail.com)
Date: Mon, 22 Dec 2014 22:55:18 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <5498DFB0.6010903@davea.name>
References: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>
 <5498DFB0.6010903@davea.name>
Message-ID: <CAOhNYvm6eW0iiZYasCDwrDY17Y77s7=5h6AEuZVVG-o9C5mFGw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 10:21 PM, Dave Angel <davea at davea.name> wrote:

> On 12/22/2014 09:58 PM, Alex Kleider wrote:
>
>>
>> On Dec 22, 2014 12:36 PM, wolfrage8765 at gmail.com wrote:
>>
>>>
>>> On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 6:27 AM, Vishwas Pathak <
>>> vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote:
>>> Your Disclaimer alone means that I can not respond to this question, or
>>> else it would apparently become the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. I
>>> prefer Open Source to closed source... good day.
>>>
>>>
>> Although I also find the disclaimer somewhat obnoxious and also prefer
>> open source, I think you are mistaken in your conclusion about exactly what
>> the disclaimer says.
>>
>>
> You're right that he's mistaken.  it's even worse.  The disclaimer claims
> I'm not permitted to read such messages, nor save them on my machine.  So
> I'm considering writing a filter to try to comply by deleting them before
> they accidentally come before my eyes.
>
> I had sent this just to Alex, but since reading your reply (Dave) I
figured I should just post it too.
Sent to Alex: You are completely correct. I more so felt like the OP wanted
us to help him with something that is clearly at a business level with the
expectation that it would disappear into his company. But then again I am
placing words into his mouth which clearly were not said. Although who is
the authorized party to read and retain his emails, it seems ambiguous when
he is sending it to a public mailing list?
Sorry for over generalizing and being overly sarcastic.

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec 23 10:53:36 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 09:53:36 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>
References: <201412230258.sBN2wLZD018955@d.mail.sonic.net>
Message-ID: <m7be2v$bcs$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 23/12/14 02:58, Alex Kleider wrote:
>
> On Dec 22, 2014 12:36 PM, wolfrage8765 at gmail.com wrote:
>>
>> On Mon, Dec 22, 2014 at 6:27 AM, Vishwas Pathak <
>> vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote:
>> Your Disclaimer alone means that I can not respond to this question, or
>> else it would apparently become the property of Persistent Systems Ltd. I
>> prefer Open Source to closed source... good day.

I don't see where you get that from?
The disclaimer follows a pretty standard corporate pattern
that simply tries (usually unsuccessfully) to protect
corporate IP.

>>> DISCLAIMER
>>> ==========
>>> This e-mail may contain privileged and confidential information which is
>>> the property of Persistent Systems Ltd.

It may. It may not. This particular email apparently does not.
Nothing unusual there. It's vague to the point of being useless
but it does not claim ownership of anyone's IP but their own.

>>> It is intended only for the use of the individual or entity to which
 >>> it is addressed.

So in this case the mailing list is the entity. But the claim is true of 
most emails. We expect them to go to the entity to which we send them. 
We may not want them shared publicly or widely.

>>> If you are not the
>>> intended recipient, you are not authorized to read, retain, copy, print,
>>> distribute or use this message.

Again that's pretty general. You are not authorized by the sender to 
read the message. It doesn't prevent you from doing so but they aren't 
authorizing it and any action an unauthorized viewer takes can therefore 
be challenged in court. That's all it means, they have the option of 
challenging. It's akin to a copyright statement.
But since the list members are part of the entity addressed it doesn't 
apply to us in this case.

>>> If you have received this communication in
>>> error, please notify the sender and delete all copies of this message.

Again a reasonable request since it potentially implies a security issue 
for the corporation.

>>> Persistent Systems Ltd. does not accept any liability for virus infected
>>> mails.

This is the only bit that is not reasonable. If Persistent Systems sends 
a virus infected email out it is there responsibility. If their systems 
are infected they are liable.

But I don't see anything too outrageous about the disclaimer. The 
corporate banner we used to have was equally banal and said much
the same stuff.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From hanzer at riseup.net  Tue Dec 23 19:09:39 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 13:09:39 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] My Query - How to implement multi threading with remote
 execution capability in python to achieve parallel processing
In-Reply-To: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
References: <HKXPR04MB04244E79779145ED301F8DDF89560@HKXPR04MB0424.apcprd04.prod.outlook.com>
Message-ID: <20141223130939.6f602641ef84774144ef5eb5@riseup.net>

This thread is hilarious. Thanks for the chuckle. 

http://www.ignyte.ms/whitepapers/LayersOf%20HumanValuesInStrategy.pdf
http://www.principiadiscordia.com/downloads/04%20Prometheus%20Rising.pdf


On Mon, 22 Dec 2014 11:27:01 +0000
Vishwas Pathak <vishwas_pathak at persistent.com> wrote:

> I am working building on developing an automation framework for my product . I need to implement multi-threading having a pool of thread where each thread will be executed different set of test cases on remote windows machines. 

Perhaps you could use, scavenge from, or find inspiration in one of these projects?

[xdist: pytest distributed testing plugin](http://pytest.org/latest/xdist.html)
[distributed-nose](https://pypi.python.org/pypi/distributed-nose/0.1.2)


From scoobydoostu at hotmail.com  Tue Dec 23 19:27:10 2014
From: scoobydoostu at hotmail.com (stuart kurutac)
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 18:27:10 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] print() invalid syntax error
Message-ID: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570@phx.gbl>

Hello all,

I'm working my way through the Michael Dawson book "Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner" and I've come across an invalid syntax error on 2 occassoins now. For the life of me I can't see what's wrong. I've checked and re-checked I've typed in the code from the book correctly, I've ran the lines in IDLE and one works but the other doesn't. The first program is:

#Pizza Slicer
#Demonstrates string slicing

word = "pizza"

print(
"""
  Slicing 'Cheat Sheet'

 0   1   2   3   4   5
 +---+---+---+---+---+
 | P | i | z | z | a |
 +---+---+---+---+---+
-5  -4  -3  -2  -1

"""
)

print("Enter the beginning and ending index for your slice of 'pizza'.")
print("Press the enter key at 'Start' to exit.")
start = None
while start != "":
    start = (input("\nStart: "))

    if start:
        start = int(start)


        finish = (int(input("Finish: "))


        print("word[", start, ":", finish, "] is", end=" ")
        print(word[start:finish])

input("\n\nPress the enter key to exit.")


When I run this through the terminal in linux using python3 I get the following:

  File "pizza_slicer.py", line 32
    print("word[", start, ":", finish, "] is", end=" ")
        ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

If I type the while loop into IDLE it doesn't produce the error but it doesn't return anything full stop.

Now I get teh same sytax error for another program, the lines in question are below (I can include all the code if required):

#display one item through an index
index = (int(input("\nEnter the index number for an item in inventory: "))
print("At index", index, "is", inventory[index])

Once again, if Ii run this through the terminal I get the following:

  File "hero's_inventory2.py", line 26
    print("At index", index, "is", inventory[index])
        ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


Is this something simple such as a difference with python version syntax? I tried running with version 3.2.3 and the native version (2.7.3) of python and got the same error message at the same point so I didn't think it could be this.

I know it's probably something simple I just can't see it. Can anyone help? If you need any more info just let me know.
 		 	   		  

From hanzer at riseup.net  Tue Dec 23 21:47:00 2014
From: hanzer at riseup.net (Adam Jensen)
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 15:47:00 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] print() invalid syntax error
In-Reply-To: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570@phx.gbl>
References: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <20141223154700.862049ff735a0b750382963d@riseup.net>

On Tue, 23 Dec 2014 18:27:10 +0000
stuart kurutac <scoobydoostu at hotmail.com> wrote:

>         finish = (int(input("Finish: "))

The parenthesis aren't balanced. I would have written it as:

finish = int(input("Finish: "))

but something like this should also work:

finish = (int(input("Finish: ")))


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec 24 01:16:37 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 00:16:37 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] print() invalid syntax error
In-Reply-To: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570@phx.gbl>
References: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <m7d0l4$vpr$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 23/12/14 18:27, stuart kurutac wrote:
> Hello all,
>
> I've come across an invalid syntax error on 2 occassoins now.
 > For the life of me I can't see what's wrong.

>          finish = (int(input("Finish: "))
>
>
>          print("word[", start, ":", finish, "] is", end=" ")

> When I run this through the terminal in linux using python3 I get the following:
>
>    File "pizza_slicer.py", line 32
>      print("word[", start, ":", finish, "] is", end=" ")
>          ^
> SyntaxError: invalid syntax

Adam has told you what is wrong but, for reference, Python points to the 
"wrong" line because, with the missing parens, it sees your code
as:

finish = (int(input("Finish: ")) print("word[", ....

And its illegal to have a print() immediately after an int() call.
So it flags the print statement as illegal.

The lesson is that when you get a syntax error thats not obvious check 
the line or two above as well. Unbalanced quotes or parens/brackets are 
often the cause.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From jcgallaher78 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 24 14:44:07 2014
From: jcgallaher78 at gmail.com (Jim Gallaher)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 07:44:07 -0600
Subject: [Tutor] print() invalid syntax (Jim Gallaher)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.21.1419418801.29390.tutor@python.org>
References: <mailman.21.1419418801.29390.tutor@python.org>
Message-ID: <91CAB963-2084-4618-8E02-AF8B183062C3@gmail.com>


> Message: 2
> Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2014 18:27:10 +0000
> From: stuart kurutac <scoobydoostu at hotmail.com>
> To: "tutor at python.org" <tutor at python.org>
> Subject: [Tutor] print() invalid syntax error
> Message-ID: <DUB118-W1261BC64A26952A6BF527CD2570 at phx.gbl>
> Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1"
> 
> Hello all,
> 
> I'm working my way through the Michael Dawson book "Python Programming for the Absolute Beginner..." 

> I tried running with version 3.2.3 and the native version (2.7.3) 

For his book he mentions he uses Python 3. Python 2 might work, but it's not guaranteed.

Sincerely Jim Gallaher

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 24 22:35:06 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 16:35:06 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
Message-ID: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>

I wrote some code recently to make a linked list of Nodes for a 2d 
graph, so it consists of rows and columns. Now I wanted to make the code 
support being doubly linked, forwards and backwards.  The difficult part 
of this is that the links are per row and per column. But the code I 
think is overly bloated. I am currently working on reducing the 
complexity of it. If any one has the time to look at it, if you have 
ideas for how I can re-write it to be much smaller I would appreciate 
the information. If you need more code let me know, but I tried to 
condense it since this singular function is around 325 lines of code. 
Thank you.

The function to make the linked list:

     def make_linked_lists(self):
         previous_row_node = None
         previous_col0_node = None
         previous_col1_node = None
         previous_col2_node = None
         previous_col3_node = None
         previous_col4_node = None
         previous_col5_node = None
         previous_col6_node = None
         previous_col7_node = None
         current_node = None
         self.tile_list = list()
         for row in range(0, self.rows):
             for col in range(0, self.cols):
                 current_node = self.get_instance_of_id(str(col) + ',' +
                     str(row))
                 self.tile_list.append(current_node)
                 if row == 0:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row0 = current_node
                         self.col0 = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         self.col1 = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         self.col2 = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         self.col3 = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         self.col4 = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         self.col5 = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         self.col6 = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         self.col7 = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_row_node = previous_row_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 1:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row1 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col0_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col1_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col2_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col3_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col4_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col5_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col6_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         current_node.prev_col_node = previous_col7_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 2:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row2 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 3:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row3 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 4:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row4 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 5:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row5 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 6:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row6 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 7:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row7 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 8:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row8 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node
                 elif row == 9:
                     if col == 0:
                         self.row9 = current_node
                         previous_row_node = None
                         previous_col0_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col0_node = current_node
                     elif col == 1:
                         previous_col1_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col1_node = current_node
                     elif col == 2:
                         previous_col2_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col2_node = current_node
                     elif col == 3:
                         previous_col3_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col3_node = current_node
                     elif col == 4:
                         previous_col4_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col4_node = current_node
                     elif col == 5:
                         previous_col5_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col5_node = current_node
                     elif col == 6:
                         previous_col6_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col6_node = current_node
                     elif col == 7:
                         previous_col7_node.next_col_node = current_node
                         previous_col7_node = current_node
                     if previous_row_node is not None:
                         previous_row_node.next_row_node = current_node
                     previous_row_node = current_node

From steve at pearwood.info  Wed Dec 24 22:56:05 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 2014 08:56:05 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <20141224215604.GB6580@ando.pearwood.info>

On Wed, Dec 24, 2014 at 04:35:06PM -0500, WolfRage wrote:
> I wrote some code recently to make a linked list of Nodes for a 2d 
> graph, so it consists of rows and columns. Now I wanted to make the code 
> support being doubly linked, forwards and backwards.  The difficult part 
> of this is that the links are per row and per column. But the code I 
> think is overly bloated. I am currently working on reducing the 
> complexity of it. If any one has the time to look at it, if you have 
> ideas for how I can re-write it to be much smaller I would appreciate 
> the information. If you need more code let me know, but I tried to 
> condense it since this singular function is around 325 lines of code. 

Wow. It certainly is bloated.

I don't have time to look at it in any detail right now, as it is 
Christmas Day here, but I'll give you a suggestion. Any time you find 
yourself writing more than two numbered variables, like this:

>         previous_col0_node = None
>         previous_col1_node = None
>         previous_col2_node = None
>         previous_col3_node = None
>         previous_col4_node = None
>         previous_col5_node = None
>         previous_col6_node = None
>         previous_col7_node = None

you should instead think about writing a list:

    previous_col_nodes = [None]*8

Then, instead of code like this:

>                     if col == 0:
>                         self.col0 = current_node
>                         previous_col0_node = current_node
>                     elif col == 1:
>                         self.col1 = current_node
>                         previous_col1_node = current_node
>                     elif col == 2:
>                         self.col2 = current_node
>                         previous_col2_node = current_node
etc.

you can just write:

    for col in range(number_of_columns):
        self.columns[col] = current_node
        previous_col_nodes[col] = current_node


Look for the opportunity to write code like this instead of using range:

    for col, the_column in enumerate(self.columns):
        self.columns[col] = process(the_column)


Any time you write more than a trivial amount of code twice, you should 
move it into a function. Then, instead of:

    if row == 0:
       if col == 0: a
       elif col == 1: b 
       elif col == 2: c
       elif col == 3: d 
       elif col == 4: e 
   elif row == 1:
       if col == 0: a
       elif col == 1: b 
       elif col == 2: c
       elif col == 3: d 
       elif col == 4: e 
   elif row == 3:
       # same again

you can write a function:

def process_cell(row, col):
       if col == 0: a
       elif col == 1: b 
       elif col == 2: c
       elif col == 3: d 
       elif col == 4: e 
    
# later on

for row in rows:
    for col in cols:
        process_cell(row, col)



Try those suggestions, and come back to us if you still need help.




-- 
Steven

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 24 23:02:03 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 17:02:03 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
Message-ID: <549B37DB.1070300@gmail.com>

Here is a condensed version of all of the applicable code but with out 
Linked List filled in, as I am preparing to re-write it.

class GameTile():
     def __init__(self, id, **kwargs):
         self.id = id

class GameGrid():
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         self.cols = 8
         self.rows = 10
         # Each variable below is a link to the head Node in the respective
         # row or column.
         self.row0 = None
         self.row1 = None
         self.row2 = None
         self.row3 = None
         self.row4 = None
         self.row5 = None
         self.row6 = None
         self.row7 = None
         self.row8 = None
         self.row9 = None
         self.col0 = None
         self.col1 = None
         self.col2 = None
         self.col3 = None
         self.col4 = None
         self.col5 = None
         self.col6 = None
         self.col7 = None
         self.skip_to_row = None
         self.skip_to_col = None
         self.tile_list = list()

     def make_linked_lists(self):
         prev_row_node = None
         prev_col0_node = None
         current_node = None
         for row in range(0, self.rows):
             for col in range(0, self.cols):
                 for node in self.tile_list:
                     if node.id == str(col) + ',' + str(row):
                         current_node = node


     def update(self):
         for row in range(0, self.rows):
             element = None
             if row < 7:
                 pass
             for column in range(0, self.cols):
                 self.tile_list.append(GameTile(id=str(column) + ',' + 
str(row)))

     def print_lists(self):
         for node in self.tile_list:
             print(node.id)


temp = GameGrid()
temp.update()
temp.make_linked_lists()
temp.print_lists()

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 24 23:05:17 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 17:05:17 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <20141224215604.GB6580@ando.pearwood.info>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
 <20141224215604.GB6580@ando.pearwood.info>
Message-ID: <549B389D.4080007@gmail.com>

OK thanks for the rapid response, I will start rewriting the functions 
in this way now, and will come back with what I wind up with.
Also Merry Christmas!

On 12/24/2014 04:56 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> On Wed, Dec 24, 2014 at 04:35:06PM -0500, WolfRage wrote:
>> I wrote some code recently to make a linked list of Nodes for a 2d
>> graph, so it consists of rows and columns. Now I wanted to make the code
>> support being doubly linked, forwards and backwards.  The difficult part
>> of this is that the links are per row and per column. But the code I
>> think is overly bloated. I am currently working on reducing the
>> complexity of it. If any one has the time to look at it, if you have
>> ideas for how I can re-write it to be much smaller I would appreciate
>> the information. If you need more code let me know, but I tried to
>> condense it since this singular function is around 325 lines of code.
> Wow. It certainly is bloated.
>
> I don't have time to look at it in any detail right now, as it is
> Christmas Day here, but I'll give you a suggestion. Any time you find
> yourself writing more than two numbered variables, like this:
>
>>          previous_col0_node = None
>>          previous_col1_node = None
>>          previous_col2_node = None
>>          previous_col3_node = None
>>          previous_col4_node = None
>>          previous_col5_node = None
>>          previous_col6_node = None
>>          previous_col7_node = None
> you should instead think about writing a list:
>
>      previous_col_nodes = [None]*8
>
> Then, instead of code like this:
>
>>                      if col == 0:
>>                          self.col0 = current_node
>>                          previous_col0_node = current_node
>>                      elif col == 1:
>>                          self.col1 = current_node
>>                          previous_col1_node = current_node
>>                      elif col == 2:
>>                          self.col2 = current_node
>>                          previous_col2_node = current_node
> etc.
>
> you can just write:
>
>      for col in range(number_of_columns):
>          self.columns[col] = current_node
>          previous_col_nodes[col] = current_node
>
>
> Look for the opportunity to write code like this instead of using range:
>
>      for col, the_column in enumerate(self.columns):
>          self.columns[col] = process(the_column)
>
>
> Any time you write more than a trivial amount of code twice, you should
> move it into a function. Then, instead of:
>
>      if row == 0:
>         if col == 0: a
>         elif col == 1: b
>         elif col == 2: c
>         elif col == 3: d
>         elif col == 4: e
>     elif row == 1:
>         if col == 0: a
>         elif col == 1: b
>         elif col == 2: c
>         elif col == 3: d
>         elif col == 4: e
>     elif row == 3:
>         # same again
>
> you can write a function:
>
> def process_cell(row, col):
>         if col == 0: a
>         elif col == 1: b
>         elif col == 2: c
>         elif col == 3: d
>         elif col == 4: e
>      
> # later on
>
> for row in rows:
>      for col in cols:
>          process_cell(row, col)
>
>
>
> Try those suggestions, and come back to us if you still need help.
>
>
>
>


From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Thu Dec 25 06:15:25 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 21:15:25 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <549B37DB.1070300@gmail.com>
References: <549B37DB.1070300@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF4bqDsjmts9mGG6FztkfM2scivTyMRz+W+Rv-Q6xzt_AA@mail.gmail.com>

Quick comment: the structure of the code here catches my eye:


>         # Each variable below is a link to the head Node in the respective
>         # row or column.
>         self.row0 = None
>         self.row1 = None
>         self.row2 = None
>         self.row3 = None
>         self.row4 = None
>         self.row5 = None
>         self.row6 = None
>         self.row7 = None
>         self.row8 = None
>         self.row9 = None

It seems highly regular; the code here is maintaining a collection of
row variables.  Because it's so regular, you might consider using a
list to represent this collection.  Concretely:

    self.rows = [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]

We can express this more concisely in Python as:

    self.row = [None] * 10

Once we have this, then we can get at any particular row through its
offset.  So instead of:

    self.row0

we say:

    self.row[0]

The big win with a list representation is that the offset can be
computed.  So if we need to do an operation on each row, we might say:

    for i in range(10):
        ## ... Do something with self.row[i]

And if you see the full power of this, you'll realize that this allows
us to express loops to do something to _all_ the rows, expressing that
action just once.  Or if we need to do something for every other row,
that too is not too difficult to express:

    for i in range(0, 10, 2):
        ## ... Do something with self.row[i]


In contrast, doing the same thing without using an explicit container
representation means that doing container-wide actions is harder to
do.  This is the code smell that we saw at the beginning of this post,
where we see repetitive code.

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Thu Dec 25 06:31:06 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 21:31:06 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>

On Wed, Dec 24, 2014 at 1:35 PM, WolfRage <wolfrage8765 at gmail.com> wrote:
> I wrote some code recently to make a linked list of Nodes for a 2d graph, so
> it consists of rows and columns. Now I wanted to make the code support being
> doubly linked, forwards and backwards.

What are the _operations_ you want to support?  Can you say more about this?

Representations make certain operations easier or more difficult, and
you're focusing on representations, which is fine.  But I'm not quite
sure what operations you need to support.

You mention the concept of a 2d graph arranged in rows and columns.  I
am assuming you want at least two operations.

* Given a row and column, add a Node at that position.
* Given a row and column, get the Node (or nodes?) at that position.

Conceptually, these are "insertion" and "lookup".  But note that I am
not sure what you want out of "lookup".  I can't tell because it's not
obvious, so you need to let us know.

Does that sound reasonable?  Let's put a stake on the ground and nail
purpose first.  And then figure out representation after that.

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Thu Dec 25 06:17:15 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2014 21:17:15 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF4bqDsjmts9mGG6FztkfM2scivTyMRz+W+Rv-Q6xzt_AA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <549B37DB.1070300@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4bqDsjmts9mGG6FztkfM2scivTyMRz+W+Rv-Q6xzt_AA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF5Rq=092baEQojgcD5AV_SvLccooYhEtHE1R5x4QGLpGA@mail.gmail.com>

> It seems highly regular; the code here is maintaining a collection of
> row variables.  Because it's so regular, you might consider using a
> list to represent this collection.  Concretely:
>
>     self.rows = [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]


Whoops.  Apologies: I should have named the variable "row" to be
consistent with the rest of the message:

    self.row = [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]

That being said, still easier just to say:

    self.row = [None] * 10

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Thu Dec 25 18:09:19 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 2014 12:09:19 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF4bqDsjmts9mGG6FztkfM2scivTyMRz+W+Rv-Q6xzt_AA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <549B37DB.1070300@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4bqDsjmts9mGG6FztkfM2scivTyMRz+W+Rv-Q6xzt_AA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <549C44BF.3050105@gmail.com>

Thanks, definitely adding this concept into my code. And re-writing. I 
originally hard coded everything just to get it working... but 
obviously, it would have been more time efficient to have thought in 
these terms from the beginning. Hopefully I can learn to write code more 
like this to begin with, even when I just want to get something working.
Reading the rest of your recommendations now.

On 12/25/2014 12:15 AM, Danny Yoo wrote:
> Quick comment: the structure of the code here catches my eye:
>
>
>>          # Each variable below is a link to the head Node in the respective
>>          # row or column.
>>          self.row0 = None
>>          self.row1 = None
>>          self.row2 = None
>>          self.row3 = None
>>          self.row4 = None
>>          self.row5 = None
>>          self.row6 = None
>>          self.row7 = None
>>          self.row8 = None
>>          self.row9 = None
> It seems highly regular; the code here is maintaining a collection of
> row variables.  Because it's so regular, you might consider using a
> list to represent this collection.  Concretely:
>
>      self.rows = [None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None, None]
>
> We can express this more concisely in Python as:
>
>      self.row = [None] * 10
>
> Once we have this, then we can get at any particular row through its
> offset.  So instead of:
>
>      self.row0
>
> we say:
>
>      self.row[0]
>
> The big win with a list representation is that the offset can be
> computed.  So if we need to do an operation on each row, we might say:
>
>      for i in range(10):
>          ## ... Do something with self.row[i]
>
> And if you see the full power of this, you'll realize that this allows
> us to express loops to do something to _all_ the rows, expressing that
> action just once.  Or if we need to do something for every other row,
> that too is not too difficult to express:
>
>      for i in range(0, 10, 2):
>          ## ... Do something with self.row[i]
>
>
> In contrast, doing the same thing without using an explicit container
> representation means that doing container-wide actions is harder to
> do.  This is the code smell that we saw at the beginning of this post,
> where we see repetitive code.


From dmamyrivo at gmail.com  Thu Dec 25 22:17:13 2014
From: dmamyrivo at gmail.com (Mamy Rivo DIANZINGA)
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 2014 22:17:13 +0100
Subject: [Tutor] Python script
Message-ID: <CAO0AvxxNcjYHjURCHUubW+MstbEX6jPhwGhwO8GDLhcARa+zrQ@mail.gmail.com>

Good morning Sir, merry Xmas. I have a question, please Sir if you do not
mind. In this
file E_vs_cutoff1.pdf, i represent the energy vs radial cutoff. And in the
python
script, i specified the limits of Y-axis as: pl.ylim(-5524.0,-5522.5).
But as you can see the figure, there is -5522e-3 on left top and, the
Energy values
are between -2.0 and -0.5. It is as if the Energy values have been
separated, despite
the python instruction "pl.ylim(-5524.0,-5522.5)".
So i was wondering, how can i fix it so that the figure shows indeed the
Energy values
from -5524.0 to -5522.5. How to set the Y-axis scale in that case?
I hope you will understand my question.
Thanks in advance and Merry Xmas again. Happy New year!!!

From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec 26 01:59:11 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2014 11:59:11 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Python script
References: <CAO0AvxxNcjYHjURCHUubW+MstbEX6jPhwGhwO8GDLhcARa+zrQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <85wq5fz0o0.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Mamy Rivo DIANZINGA <dmamyrivo at gmail.com> writes:

> Good morning Sir, merry Xmas. I have a question, please Sir if you do
> not mind.

Thank you for being so polite; we are usually quite informal here.

> In this file E_vs_cutoff1.pdf, i represent the energy vs radial
> cutoff. And in the python script, i specified the limits of Y-axis as:
> pl.ylim(-5524.0,-5522.5).

If you want to show us some Python code, you'll need to include it in
the message.

Please make sure to do the following to ensure your Python code is
readable:

* Make it *very* short, just enough to demonstrate the issue
  <URL:http://sscce.org/>.

  This means do not present your entire program, but only a small one
  you have contrived to focus on the issue.

* Compose your messages in plain text, without special formatting
  <URL:http://email.about.com/od/netiquettetips/qt/When-In-Doubt-Send-Plain-Text-Email-Not-Fancy-Html.htm>.
  This will be much more likely to preserve the Python code as you
  actually wrote it, without modification in transit.

If you do both of these you are much more likely to get a good response
from this Tutor group.

> Thanks in advance and Merry Xmas again. Happy New year!!!

And to you, and to everyone here good cheer.

-- 
 \       ?If consumers even know there's a DRM, what it is, and how it |
  `\     works, we've already failed.? ?Peter Lee, Disney corporation, |
_o__)                                                             2005 |
Ben Finney


From akleider at sonic.net  Fri Dec 26 03:52:10 2014
From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider)
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 2014 18:52:10 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Python script
In-Reply-To: <85wq5fz0o0.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
References: <CAO0AvxxNcjYHjURCHUubW+MstbEX6jPhwGhwO8GDLhcARa+zrQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <85wq5fz0o0.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
Message-ID: <4cc6e7539b8085bac8cb1ef816b044ff@sonic.net>

On 2014-12-25 16:59, Ben Finney wrote:

>   <URL:http://sscce.org/>.

It may be that this link will go away.
http://www.coderanch.com/t/628405/Ranch-Office/SSCCE-org-document-disappearing


From ben+python at benfinney.id.au  Fri Dec 26 08:58:24 2014
From: ben+python at benfinney.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2014 18:58:24 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Python script
References: <CAO0AvxxNcjYHjURCHUubW+MstbEX6jPhwGhwO8GDLhcARa+zrQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <85wq5fz0o0.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
 <4cc6e7539b8085bac8cb1ef816b044ff@sonic.net>
Message-ID: <85fvc2zvtr.fsf@benfinney.id.au>

Alex Kleider <akleider at sonic.net> writes:

> On 2014-12-25 16:59, Ben Finney wrote:
>
> >   <URL:http://sscce.org/>.
>
> It may be that this link will go away.
> http://www.coderanch.com/t/628405/Ranch-Office/SSCCE-org-document-disappearing

Almost certainly at some future time, but not because of that.

As discussed in that thread (2014-02), the domain ?sscce.org? is now
hosted by JavaRanch, leads to the ?SSCCE? document as normal, and is
under no threat of disappearing.

Nothing in that thread says otherwise, do you have more current
information to the contrary?

-- 
 \         ?Geeks like to think that they can ignore politics. You can |
  `\        leave politics alone, but politics won't leave you alone.? |
_o__)                                 ?Richard M. Stallman, 2002-07-26 |
Ben Finney


From akleider at sonic.net  Fri Dec 26 18:01:47 2014
From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider)
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2014 09:01:47 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Python script
In-Reply-To: <85fvc2zvtr.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
References: <CAO0AvxxNcjYHjURCHUubW+MstbEX6jPhwGhwO8GDLhcARa+zrQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <85wq5fz0o0.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
 <4cc6e7539b8085bac8cb1ef816b044ff@sonic.net>
 <85fvc2zvtr.fsf@benfinney.id.au>
Message-ID: <a254a3b2f6f4a757d313e59078975c20@sonic.net>

On 2014-12-25 23:58, Ben Finney wrote:

> Nothing in that thread says otherwise, do you have more current
> information to the contrary?

I do not.

From salismesalisme at hotmail.com  Fri Dec 26 17:16:17 2014
From: salismesalisme at hotmail.com (salisme salisme)
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2014 16:16:17 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Problem
Message-ID: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>

Hello
I am having a big problem trying to open a url that I have created by concatenating a raw_input on to an already existing url.
When I copy and paste the url in to the search bar it works fine but when I try to open it using urllib.request.urlopen(url) it givesme a 505 HTTP error.
>From reading on the web I think the problem is the url I am using is not the full url, how do I get this full url from what I have, I tried to use geturl() but it wouldn't let me import it?
Please help!
import reimport urllibfrom urllib.request import urlparsefrom urllib.request import urlopenfrom urllib.request import urlretrievefrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
choice = input("Choose artist and album name in following format : Artist 'x' album 'y'")
baseurl = "http://www.ebay.co.uk/sch/Records-/176985/i.html?_nkw=" + choice + '&_pgn=1'
then I get an error from the following:
urllib.request.urlopen(baseurl) 		 	   		  

From joel.goldstick at gmail.com  Sat Dec 27 00:55:45 2014
From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick)
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2014 18:55:45 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Problem
In-Reply-To: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
References: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <CAPM-O+wefOFa4TkZtv+1LKqHgTMhD1QFXiYQawodODj=+brYrA@mail.gmail.com>

On Fri, Dec 26, 2014 at 11:16 AM, salisme salisme
<salismesalisme at hotmail.com> wrote:
> Hello
> I am having a big problem trying to open a url that I have created by concatenating a raw_input on to an already existing url.
> When I copy and paste the url in to the search bar it works fine but when I try to open it using urllib.request.urlopen(url) it givesme a 505 HTTP error.
> From reading on the web I think the problem is the url I am using is not the full url, how do I get this full url from what I have, I tried to use geturl() but it wouldn't let me import it?
> Please help!
> import reimport urllibfrom urllib.request import urlparsefrom urllib.request import urlopenfrom urllib.request import urlretrievefrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
> choice = input("Choose artist and album name in following format : Artist 'x' album 'y'")
> baseurl = "http://www.ebay.co.uk/sch/Records-/176985/i.html?_nkw=" + choice + '&_pgn=1'
> then I get an error from the following:
> urllib.request.urlopen(baseurl)
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor

print baseurl

-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sat Dec 27 02:15:49 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 2014 01:15:49 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Problem
In-Reply-To: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
References: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <m7l183$bd5$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 26/12/14 16:16, salisme salisme wrote:

> I am having a big problem trying to open a url that
 > I have created by concatenating a raw_input
 > on to an already existing url.

Thats not what your code says beloiw. Although its kind
of hard to read since you didn't post in plain text...

But you appear to be using input() not raw_input().
If its Python3 it should be input() but if its Python2
that will likely do something very different.

> When I copy and paste the url in to the search bar it works

Which url? Have you compared it with the baseurl value below?
Did you cut n paste the baseurl value into the search bar? Or did you 
type what you thought it should be?

> fine but when I try to open it using urllib.request.urlopen(url)
 > it givesme a 505 HTTP error.

How do you see this error? Is it printed on screen? in a log file?
Do you get any Python errors. Please show us a cut n' paste of
the actual error text.

> import reimport urllibfrom urllib.request import urlparsefrom urllib.request import urlopenfrom urllib.request import urlretrievefrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
> choice = input("Choose artist and album name in following format : Artist 'x' album 'y'")
> baseurl = "http://www.ebay.co.uk/sch/Records-/176985/i.html?_nkw=" + choice + '&_pgn=1'
> then I get an error from the following:
> urllib.request.urlopen(baseurl) 		 	   		

What are you doing with the return value of urlopen()?
Are you really thropwing it away?

Please post, in plain text, the actual Python code that
produces the error and the error message. And tell us
which Python version and OS you are using.

That way we might be able to help.


-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From steve at pearwood.info  Sat Dec 27 03:27:42 2014
From: steve at pearwood.info (Steven D'Aprano)
Date: Sat, 27 Dec 2014 13:27:42 +1100
Subject: [Tutor] Problem
In-Reply-To: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
References: <DUB126-W220343D99FF0C6B711D854CF520@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <20141227022742.GV6580@ando.pearwood.info>

On Fri, Dec 26, 2014 at 04:16:17PM +0000, salisme salisme wrote:
> Hello

> I am having a big problem trying to open a url that I have created by 
> concatenating a raw_input on to an already existing url. When I copy 
> and paste the url in to the search bar it works fine but when I try to 
> open it using urllib.request.urlopen(url) it givesme a 505 HTTP error. 

505 HTTP error means "version not supported". I would be very surprised 
if that is the error you receive. Please copy and paste (do not re-type 
from memory!) the *exact* error you get.

> From reading on the web I think the problem is the url I am using is 
> not the full url, how do I get this full url from what I have, I tried 
> to use geturl() but it wouldn't let me import it?
> Please help!

> import reimport urllibfrom urllib.request import urlparsefrom 
> urllib.request import urlopenfrom urllib.request import 
> urlretrievefrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs choice = input("Choose 
> artist and album name in following format : Artist 'x' album 'y'") 
> baseurl = "http://www.ebay.co.uk/sch/Records-/176985/i.html?_nkw=" + 
> choice + '&_pgn=1'

All the formatting from your code is screwed up. Also you say above that 
you use "raw_input", but your code shown here actually uses "input", a 
different function.

Please COPY and PASTE the **exact** code you are actually using, do not 
re-type it from memory, and please send as plain text so the formatting 
doesn't get screwed up.

I also see you are trying to connect to Ebay. Ebay will try very, very, 
very hard to prohibit "bots" (i.e. programs like the one you are 
writing) from talking to the server. It will refuse to talk to anything 
it thinks is not a human being using a browser. That means it will take 
a lot of hard work to get this programming working:

- you may need to set the user-agent to something that looks 
  like a browser;

- you may need to set the referrer to something from Ebay;

- you may need to use cookies;

- you may need to run Javascript to make things work correctly.


All these things can be done, but it will require work and possibly 
third-party libraries.

Start with showing us the actual code you use, the actual error given, 
and show us the actual URL used.

Thank you,


-- 
Steve

From pscott_74 at yahoo.com  Tue Dec 30 00:50:55 2014
From: pscott_74 at yahoo.com (Patti Scott)
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2014 15:50:55 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
In-Reply-To: <1672096189.409752.1415985546744.JavaMail.yahoo@jws10777.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>

Could someone clarify "Modularize code rather than copying and pasting?"

thanks
--------------------------------------------
On Fri, 11/14/14, Albert-Jan Roskam <fomcl at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid> wrote:

 Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
 To: "Python Mailing List" <tutor at python.org>
 Date: Friday, November 14, 2014, 12:19 PM
 
 Hi,
 
 I thought this might be worth sharing, especially on a
 windy, rainy Friday evnening: http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001745
 
 
 Here are the best practices mentioned in the article:
 
 Write programs for people, not computers.
 A program should not require its readers to hold more than a
 handful of facts in memory at once.
 Make names consistent, distinctive, and meaningful.
 Make code style and formatting consistent.
 Let the computer do the work.
 Make the computer repeat tasks.
 Save recent commands in a file for re-use.
 Use a build tool to automate workflows.
 Make incremental changes.
 Work in small steps with frequent feedback and course
 correction.
 Use a version control system.
 Put everything that has been created manually in version
 control.
 Don't repeat yourself (or others).
 Every piece of data must have a single authoritative
 representation in the system.
 Modularize code rather than copying and pasting.
 Re-use code instead of rewriting it.
 Plan for mistakes.
 Add assertions to programs to check their operation.
 Use an off-the-shelf unit testing library.
 Turn bugs into test cases.
 Use a symbolic debugger.
 Optimize software only after it works correctly.
 Use a profiler to identify bottlenecks.
 Write code in the highest-level language possible.
 Document design and purpose, not mechanics.
 Document interfaces and reasons, not implementations.
 Refactor code in preference to explaining how it works.
 Embed the documentation for a piece of software in that
 software.
 Collaborate.
 Use pre-merge code reviews.
 Use pair programming when bringing someone new up to speed
 and when tackling particularly tricky problems.
 Use an issue tracking tool.
 
 
 Have a great weekend!
 
 
 Regards,
 
 Albert-Jan
 
 
 
 
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 All right, but apart from the sanitation, the medicine,
 education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a 
 
 fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans
 ever done for us?
 
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 _______________________________________________
 Tutor maillist? -? Tutor at python.org
 To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
 https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
 

From joel.goldstick at gmail.com  Tue Dec 30 00:57:01 2014
From: joel.goldstick at gmail.com (Joel Goldstick)
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2014 18:57:01 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
In-Reply-To: <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>
References: <1672096189.409752.1415985546744.JavaMail.yahoo@jws10777.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
 <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <CAPM-O+y19DRwJydxMx7h3=6FoRWwk7XcdqtuoFtcfhNFEkPVMw@mail.gmail.com>

On Mon, Dec 29, 2014 at 6:50 PM, Patti Scott <
pscott_74 at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid> wrote:

> Could someone clarify "Modularize code rather than copying and pasting?"
>
> thanks
>

Sure --

When you have nearly identical or identical pieces of code, make functions
rather than cut and paste the same code.  Call the function from various
places. It makes it easier to bug fix later

> --------------------------------------------
> On Fri, 11/14/14, Albert-Jan Roskam <fomcl at yahoo.com.dmarc.invalid> wrote:
>
>  Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
>  To: "Python Mailing List" <tutor at python.org>
>  Date: Friday, November 14, 2014, 12:19 PM
>
>  Hi,
>
>  I thought this might be worth sharing, especially on a
>  windy, rainy Friday evnening:
> http://www.plosbiology.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.1001745
>
>
>  Here are the best practices mentioned in the article:
>
>  Write programs for people, not computers.
>  A program should not require its readers to hold more than a
>  handful of facts in memory at once.
>  Make names consistent, distinctive, and meaningful.
>  Make code style and formatting consistent.
>  Let the computer do the work.
>  Make the computer repeat tasks.
>  Save recent commands in a file for re-use.
>  Use a build tool to automate workflows.
>  Make incremental changes.
>  Work in small steps with frequent feedback and course
>  correction.
>  Use a version control system.
>  Put everything that has been created manually in version
>  control.
>  Don't repeat yourself (or others).
>  Every piece of data must have a single authoritative
>  representation in the system.
>  Modularize code rather than copying and pasting.
>  Re-use code instead of rewriting it.
>  Plan for mistakes.
>  Add assertions to programs to check their operation.
>  Use an off-the-shelf unit testing library.
>  Turn bugs into test cases.
>  Use a symbolic debugger.
>  Optimize software only after it works correctly.
>  Use a profiler to identify bottlenecks.
>  Write code in the highest-level language possible.
>  Document design and purpose, not mechanics.
>  Document interfaces and reasons, not implementations.
>  Refactor code in preference to explaining how it works.
>  Embed the documentation for a piece of software in that
>  software.
>  Collaborate.
>  Use pre-merge code reviews.
>  Use pair programming when bringing someone new up to speed
>  and when tackling particularly tricky problems.
>  Use an issue tracking tool.
>
>
>  Have a great weekend!
>
>
>  Regards,
>
>  Albert-Jan
>
>
>
>
>
>  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>
>  All right, but apart from the sanitation, the medicine,
>  education, wine, public order, irrigation, roads, a
>
>  fresh water system, and public health, what have the Romans
>  ever done for us?
>
>  ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>
>  _______________________________________________
>  Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
>  To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>  https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>



-- 
Joel Goldstick
http://joelgoldstick.com

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Tue Dec 30 02:51:49 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2014 17:51:49 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
In-Reply-To: <CAPM-O+y19DRwJydxMx7h3=6FoRWwk7XcdqtuoFtcfhNFEkPVMw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <1672096189.409752.1415985546744.JavaMail.yahoo@jws10777.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
 <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>
 <CAPM-O+y19DRwJydxMx7h3=6FoRWwk7XcdqtuoFtcfhNFEkPVMw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF6PfdF4xWQBSHESZHvtdetrxOyniAK0dhPvwXCxvMfOow@mail.gmail.com>

> When you have nearly identical or identical pieces of code, make functions
> rather than cut and paste the same code.  Call the function from various
> places. It makes it easier to bug fix later


We can make this more concrete.

Let's say that we are writing a program to do all kinds of dice rolls.
(I've been reading the 5th edition D&D Basic Rules lately, so that's
been on my mind.  :P)  Say that we want to roll two 6-sided dice and
print out the result of summing both dice rolls.


We might imagine a program like this:

###########################
import random

dice1 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice2 = random.randint(1, 6)

print("2d6: %d" % (dice1 + dice2))
###########################


Later, we might want another similar program that rolls four dice and
adds their result.  Well, that's easy enough: we can just copy and
paste.

#########################################
import random

dice1 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice2 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice3 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice4 = random.randint(1, 6)

print("4d6: %d" % (dice1 + dice2 + dice3 + dice4))
#########################################


Notice, though, that we needed to be a bit careful: we could just as
easily mis-typed something:

#########################################
import random

dice1 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice2 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice3 = random.randint(1, 6)
dice4 = random.randint(1, 6)

print("4d6: %d" % (dice1 + dice2 + dice3 + dice3))
#########################################

Whooops.


This is a contrived error, but several of the interesting bugs in
real-world code originate from errors during copy-and-paste.  We might
also say that this code isn't that flexible because a "minor" change
in the requirements (let's roll roll seven dice instead!) should be
reflected as a minor change in the code, and at the moment, it isn't:
we can see that we have to make multiple changes.


So let's fix that.  We can do so by generalizing the program, so that
it can handle a multitude of dice roles in a general way.  We can
design a function to do this.  Let's write a function, 'throwDice',
that takes a number of dice we want to throw, and returns their sum.


#########################################
import random

def throwDice(n):
    """Returns the sum of n d6 dice."""
    sum = 0
    for i in range(n):
        sum += random.randint(1, 6)
    return sum
#########################################


Once we have this function, now we can throw all sorts of dice, like:

    print("2d6: %d" % throwDice(2))

or

    print("4d6: %d" % throwDice(4))


Heck, we can start throwing dice like crazy:

#########################################
for i in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]:
    print("%dd6: %d" % (i, throwDice(i)))
#########################################

(Visit http://repl.it/7Ix to see and run this program in your browser.)


This is what it means to use functions to avoid copy-and-paste: if we
find ourselves extending our program to do something more by copying
and pasting, where it starts to feel repetitive, then we should stop
and pause.  We might be able to generalize what we're doing as a
reusable function instead.  And then the repetition won't be in the
physical flow of our code, but rather that repetition will show up as
separate uses of that general function.


If you have more questions, please feel free to ask.

From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Dec 30 12:34:10 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 11:34:10 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
In-Reply-To: <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>
References: <1672096189.409752.1415985546744.JavaMail.yahoo@jws10777.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>
 <1419897055.60660.YahooMailBasic@web161804.mail.bf1.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <m7u2jg$tg8$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 29/12/14 23:50, Patti Scott wrote:
> Could someone clarify "Modularize code rather than copying and pasting?"

Joel and Danny have given the basic answer in terms of putting
loose code into functions. But it goes a little further too.

You can be tempted to copy/paste functions because they almost
do what you want but not quite (maybe the take a list of values
and you want to use a dictionary). Its easy to copy the function
and change all the numerical indexes into keys and use the
dictionary. But it would be better to change the original function
so that it can work with both, if possible. This usually involves
representing the variations in behaviour as parameters in the
function (usually with defaults to retain the original semantics).

Another case might be where you have a bunch of functions that operate 
on a global data structure. Then you want to have a second similar data 
structure but you can't use the functions on it because they access
the existing global. You could copy/paste the functions and change the 
data reference. But it would be better to either add the data structure 
reference to the functions as a parameter, or you create a class that 
has the data as an internal instance attribute.

Finally, you might have some code in a program that you want to use in 
another program. But you can't just import the first program because
it runs all sorts of other stuff you don't need. So you just copy
out the functions you want. Or you could put the loose code into a 
function (main() usually) and call that within a

if __name__ === "__main__": main()

line in your original program, turning it into a reusable module
which you can now safely import.

So modularize can have several meanings, it applies to any
mechanism used to bundle up code for reuse. The point being that reusing 
code, whether as a function, module or class, is more
flexible and reliable than copy/pasting it.

PS.
Note that reuse is not universally a good thing, it does
have negative aspects too, in test and maintenance costs
and, often, in performance impact. But in the vast majority
of cases the positives vastly outweigh the negatives.

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From fomcl at yahoo.com  Tue Dec 30 15:10:40 2014
From: fomcl at yahoo.com (Albert-Jan Roskam)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 06:10:40 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] [OT] Best Practices for Scientific Computing
Message-ID: <1419948640.7686.BPMail_high_carrier@web163802.mail.gq1.yahoo.com>


-----------------------------
On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 12:34 PM CET Alan Gauld wrote:

>On 29/12/14 23:50, Patti Scott wrote:
>> Could someone clarify "Modularize code rather than copying and pasting?"
>
>Joel and Danny have given the basic answer in terms of putting
>loose code into functions. But it goes a little further too.
>
>You can be tempted to copy/paste functions because they almost
>do what you want but not quite (maybe the take a list of values
>and you want to use a dictionary). Its easy to copy the function
>and change all the numerical indexes into keys and use the
>dictionary. But it would be better to change the original function
>so that it can work with both, if possible. This usually involves
>representing the variations in behaviour as parameters in the
>function (usually with defaults to retain the original semantics).

But isn't there a point where you break the 'law' that a function should have one and only one goal? At  a certain point you end up with a big fat juicy function that not only takes dicts and lists, but also scratches your back, does the laundry,...


>Another case might be where you have a bunch of functions that operate on a global data structure. Then you want to have a second similar data structure but you can't use the functions on it because they access
>the existing global. You could copy/paste the functions and change the data reference. But it would be better to either add the data structure reference to the functions as a parameter, or you create a class that has the data as an internal instance attribute.
>
>Finally, you might have some code in a program that you want to use in another program. But you can't just import the first program because
>it runs all sorts of other stuff you don't need. So you just copy
>out the functions you want. Or you could put the loose code into a function (main() usually) and call that within a

Say you have a file 'helpers.py' that contains functions that you might use across projects. How do you only display the functions that you actually used in your (Sphinx) documentation of a particular project?


>if __name__ === "__main__": main()
>
>line in your original program, turning it into a reusable module
>which you can now safely import.
>
>So modularize can have several meanings, it applies to any
>mechanism used to bundle up code for reuse. The point being that reusing code, whether as a function, module or class, is more
>flexible and reliable than copy/pasting it.
>
>PS.
>Note that reuse is not universally a good thing, it does
>have negative aspects too, in test and maintenance costs
>and, often, in performance impact. 

I often use python for data analysis. I would be afraid that a modification to a generic function for project B would affect the results of project A (which may be long-running analysis). Hmmm, maybe 'git submodule' would be useful here.



But in the vast majority
>of cases the positives vastly outweigh the negatives.
>
>HTH
>-- Alan G
>Author of the Learn to Program web site
>http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
>http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
>Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
>http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
>_______________________________________________
>Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
>To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
>https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Tue Dec 30 19:47:49 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 13:47:49 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54A2F355.9050607@gmail.com>

This is my most recent rendition of the code. It still needs to be 
improved. Below I am answering some questions that were posed. Also I 
think my code is currently wrong because I think the print_by functions 
are both printing the list the same way. Tomorrow I will fix this and 
improve the code.

Thank you guys for your help so far.



class GameTile():

def __init__(self, id, **kwargs):

self.id = id

self.value = None

self.next_node_in_row = None

self.next_node_in_col = None

self.prev_node_in_row = None

self.prev_node_in_col = None


class GameGrid():

def __init__(self, **kwargs):

self.num_of_cols = 8

self.num_of_rows = 10

# Each variable below is a list of links to the head

# node in the respective row or column.

self.rows = [None] * self.num_of_rows

self.cols = [None] * self.num_of_cols

self.skip_to_row = None

self.skip_to_col = None

self.tile_list = list()


def make_grid_nodes(self):

for row in range(0, self.num_of_rows):

for column in range(0, self.num_of_cols):

tile = GameTile(id=str(column) + ',' + str(row))

self.tile_list.append(tile)

if column == 0: # New Head of Row

self.rows[row] = tile

else:

prev_row.next_node_in_row = tile

tile.prev_node_in_row = prev_row

prev_row = tile

if row == 0: # New Head of Column

self.cols[column] = tile

else:

prev_col.next_node_in_col = tile

tile.prev_node_in_col = prev_col

prev_col = tile


def print_by_rows(self):

for col, the_column in enumerate(self.cols):

print(the_column.id)

if the_column.next_node_in_row is not None:

node = the_column.next_node_in_row

while node.next_node_in_row is not None:

print(node.id)

node = node.next_node_in_row


def print_by_row(self):

for row in self.rows:

print(row.id)

if row.next_node_in_row is not None:

node = row.next_node_in_row

while node.next_node_in_row is not None:

print(node.id)

node = node.next_node_in_row


def print_by_col(self):

for col in self.cols:

print(col.id)

if col.next_node_in_col is not None:

node = col.next_node_in_col

while node.next_node_in_col is not None:

print(node.id)

node = node.next_node_in_col


def draw_grid(self):

import time

sep = '?????????????????'

f = '??'

l = '??'

row = sep + '\n?'

last_col = None

current_col = None

val = None

for node in self.tile_list:

if node.value == None:

val = l

else:

val = f

current_col = node.id.split(',')[1]

if last_col is None:

row += val

elif current_col == last_col:

row += val

else:

row += '\n' + sep + '\n?' + val

last_col = node.id.split(',')[1]

row += '\n' + sep

print(row)

#time.sleep(1)


temp = GameGrid()

temp.make_grid_nodes()

#temp.draw_grid()

temp.print_by_row()

print('BREAK Now COLUMNS')

temp.print_by_col()



On 12/25/2014 12:31 AM, Danny Yoo wrote:
> What are the _operations_ you want to support?  Can you say more about this?
I need to support lookups, no insertions or deletions are required. This 
code will be used to quickly lookup nodes, and check for specific 
patterns by checking the nodes values in either a row or column. The 
code to perform the pattern matching was already written and is fast, 
but I will add it to the code once the creation

On 12/24/2014 04:56 PM, Steven D'Aprano wrote:
> Wow. It certainly is bloated.
Agreed.
> Look for the opportunity to write code like this instead of using range:
>
>      for col, the_column in enumerate(self.columns):
>          self.columns[col] = process(the_column)
This caught my eye, and I did try to implement it. But why use this 
instead of range? I am using Python3. I did find that enumerate is 
potentially faster but sometimes slower, as it depends on what is being 
done. Perhaps because it is considered more Pythonic? So what is your 
reason for this suggestion?
> Any time you write more than a trivial amount of code twice, you should
> move it into a function. Then, instead of:
I agree, should have done, and need to look for these opportunities sooner.

From dyoo at hashcollision.org  Tue Dec 30 20:37:13 2014
From: dyoo at hashcollision.org (Danny Yoo)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 11:37:13 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <54A2F355.9050607@gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54A2F355.9050607@gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAGZAPF5H_bNbnP2LjVrx-pYjyNmL1RvmEYALVZxNmPDaFB6k0Q@mail.gmail.com>

>> What are the _operations_ you want to support?  Can you say more about
>> this?
>
> I need to support lookups, no insertions or deletions are required. This
> code will be used to quickly lookup nodes, and check for specific patterns
> by checking the nodes values in either a row or column.

As it stands, I believe you want these operations:

    * Construct a game grid with a certain number of rows and columns
    * Find a tile within the grid, given its row and column.
    * Given a tile in the grid, find the neighboring tiles around it.

If that's the case, then none of this requires linked list storage.

Instead, we can represent this as a list of rows.  Each row element
would be itself a list of tiles.  In short, a matrix.  See:
https://docs.python.org/2/faq/programming.html#how-do-i-create-a-multidimensional-list

Its construction wouldn't be too bad.  Something like:

    self.rows = [[None] * self.num_of_cols for i in range(self.num_of_rows)]

Finding a tile (i, j) in such a structure would be direct list indexing.

    self.rows[i][j]

And finding neighboring tiles also wouldn't be too bad: Given a tile
at (i, j), we can find its neighbors through arithmetic (i plus or
minus one, j plus or minus one).


If the game grid were a lot more dynamic and non-squarish, then that
might make it appropriate.  Linked lists give us a flexible way to
represent such a game board.  But at the moment, I think it's overkill
for the scenario you're showing us.

Good luck!

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Tue Dec 30 23:40:04 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (wolfrage8765 at gmail.com)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 17:40:04 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <CAGZAPF5H_bNbnP2LjVrx-pYjyNmL1RvmEYALVZxNmPDaFB6k0Q@mail.gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54A2F355.9050607@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5H_bNbnP2LjVrx-pYjyNmL1RvmEYALVZxNmPDaFB6k0Q@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <CAOhNYvmeQSGmw39xqQRNdbW50CaHzCqN413g1N8WGwsGYBzSXw@mail.gmail.com>

On Tue, Dec 30, 2014 at 2:37 PM, Danny Yoo <dyoo at hashcollision.org> wrote:
> If that's the case, then none of this requires linked list storage.
>
> Instead, we can represent this as a list of rows.  Each row element
> would be itself a list of tiles.  In short, a matrix.  See:
> https://docs.python.org/2/faq/programming.html#how-do-i-create-a-multidimensional-list

True, I could use a multidimensional list. And originally I was using
a 2D list. But I wanted the ability to quickly search across a row or
up and down a column and so the added benefit of the linked list was
that it simply requires me to access the next node reference.
>
> And finding neighboring tiles also wouldn't be too bad: Given a tile
> at (i, j), we can find its neighbors through arithmetic (i plus or
> minus one, j plus or minus one).

 From a coding perspective the linked list seemed simplier, because my
other 2D list implementation required me to have a function that could
map from any position to North, South, East, & West, plus it needed to
perform bounds checking. Of course having the list now be doubly
linked has added complexity.
>
> If the game grid were a lot more dynamic and non-squarish, then that
> might make it appropriate.  Linked lists give us a flexible way to
> represent such a game board.  But at the moment, I think it's overkill
> for the scenario you're showing us.

That may be True.
I would like to know, if you know, would this doubly linked list be
more or less memory efficient than the 2D list method and which one
would provide faster look-ups? I do know that the doubly linked list
has an initial speed cost in constructing it, which is obviously more
than the 2D list. The overall application to which this code will be
applied is a Kivy App that will be deployed to mobile devices, that is
why I have these questions, although I realize this is pre-optimizing
which is the root of evil...

From akleider at sonic.net  Wed Dec 31 06:41:33 2014
From: akleider at sonic.net (Alex Kleider)
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 21:41:33 -0800
Subject: [Tutor] Making Doubly Linked List with Less Lines of Code.
In-Reply-To: <CAOhNYvmeQSGmw39xqQRNdbW50CaHzCqN413g1N8WGwsGYBzSXw@mail.gmail.com>
References: <549B318A.8030909@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF4_w4ztbWwOXjyJ2no6CTfbK+NJw43Bwop+8S9uwSd8wQ@mail.gmail.com>
 <54A2F355.9050607@gmail.com>
 <CAGZAPF5H_bNbnP2LjVrx-pYjyNmL1RvmEYALVZxNmPDaFB6k0Q@mail.gmail.com>
 <CAOhNYvmeQSGmw39xqQRNdbW50CaHzCqN413g1N8WGwsGYBzSXw@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <a330136db3ca495ee185d41756e75b15@sonic.net>

On 2014-12-30 14:40, wolfrage8765 at gmail.com wrote:

> 
> True, I could use a multidimensional list. And originally I was using
>  I wanted the ability to quickly search across a row or
> up and down a column and so the added benefit of the linked list was
> that it simply requires me to access the next node reference.

This problem interested me right from when it was first posted a few 
days ago so I tried to code up a solution to what I perceived it (the 
problem) to be.

In the process of doing so I discovered that list multiplication does 
not at all behave the way I expected (as demonstrated by the 
'bad_flip_2_D' function.)

Code follows; comments appreciated. (Since the issue now is list 
multiplication,
should this fork into a new subject?)

# script begins here:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# file: 'two_D_list.py'
"""
OP:
But I wanted the ability to quickly search across a row or
up and down a column and so the added benefit of the linked list was
that it simply requires me to access the next node reference.
My interpretation/comments:
Required are methods to access/search along column or row.
Assume 2D list already exists.
Can we further assume that all rows are the same length?
Using a class might be the preferable way to go but leave that
for later refactoring.
Assume everyone assumes 0 based numbering.
"""

two_D = [
     [0, 1, 2, 3],
     [4, 5, 6, 7],
     [8, 9, 10, 11]
         ]  # For testing purposes.

def get_n_rows(array):
     """Returns length of the array == number of rows."""
     return len(array)

def get_n_columns(two_D_array):
     """Returns the length of the first (zero'th) row.
     We assume all rows are the same length."""
     return len(two_D_array[0])

def search_row(two_D_array, row_num, item):
     """Returns None if not there, else it returns the indices
     of the first instance of item found in the row specified.
     Not tested."""
     try:
         col_num = two_D_array[row_num].index(item)
         return (row_num, col_num)
     except ValueError:
         return None

def show_array(array):
     for row in range(len(array)):
         for col in range(len(array[row])):
             entry = array[row][col]
             if not entry:
                 entry = 0
             print("{:>3}".format(entry), end='')
         print()
     print()

def flip_2_D(two_D_array):
     """Flips a two dimensional array so columns become rows
     and the rows become columns."""
     ret = []
     for i in range(get_n_columns(two_D_array)):
         ret.append([])
         for j in range(get_n_rows(two_D_array)):
             ret[i].append([])
     for i in range(get_n_rows(two_D_array)):
         for j in range(get_n_columns(two_D_array)):
             temp = two_D_array[i][j]
#           print("putting {} into ({}, {})."
#                   .format(temp, j, i))
             ret[j][i] = temp
#           show_array(ret)  # For debugging purposes.
     return ret

def bad_flip_2_D(two_D_array):
     """Flips a two dimensional array so columns become rows
     and the rows become columns.
     Demonstrates unexpected (by me) results of array multiplication."""
     ret = [[[0]] * get_n_rows(two_D_array)] * get_n_columns(two_D_array)
     for i in range(get_n_rows(two_D_array)):
         for j in range(get_n_columns(two_D_array)):
             temp = two_D_array[i][j]
             print("putting {} into ({}, {})."
                     .format(temp, j, i))
             ret[j][i] = temp
             show_array(ret)  # For debugging purposes.
     return ret

def search_col(two_D_array, col_num, item):
     """Returns None if not there, else it returns the indices of
     the first instance of item found in the column specified.
     Simply reconstruct the array and then use search_row."""
     flipped = flip_2_D(two_D_array)
     return search_row(flipped, col_num, item)

if __name__ == "__main__":
     print("Running Python3 script: 'two_D_list.py'.......")

     print(get_n_rows(two_D), get_n_columns(two_D))
     print
     show_array(two_D)
     show_array(flip_2_D(two_D))

# end of script

Other possibly required info:
alex at x301:~/Python/Tutor$ uname -a
Linux x301 3.13.0-43-generic #72-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 8 19:35:44 UTC 2014 
i686 i686 i686 GNU/Linux

cheers,
Alex

From coolshwetu at gmail.com  Wed Dec 31 11:08:05 2014
From: coolshwetu at gmail.com (shweta kaushik)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 15:38:05 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] Convert string to bytes
Message-ID: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>

Hi all,

I need help on this problem.

I have one message packet in form of string s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22,
0xFE, 0x02'. I have to send this data to MSP430 microcontroller, but it is
not taking data if it is string. If I am passing this as hardcoded value s1
= 0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02 then board is responding. I want to
convert s as s1 using python.

Please help me out to convert string in normal format for microcontroller
to respond.

Thanks in advance.

Regards,
Shweta

From tgmiller5 at hotmail.com  Wed Dec 31 14:49:17 2014
From: tgmiller5 at hotmail.com (Tammy Miller)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 08:49:17 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Help on Python drop-down list options
Message-ID: <COL125-W488336EB344D6D2F4D6A6BFA5F0@phx.gbl>

Hello All, 

 

I need help on the
following:  I have a created a project from a csv file to calculate the
mean and standard deviation. 

However, I would like to
create a drop-down list and display the mean and standard deviation?  Is there a module
for that?

 

Thank you, 

 

Tammy 

 

 

 

 

  		 	   		  

From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 31 17:31:14 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 11:31:14 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Help on Python drop-down list options
In-Reply-To: <COL125-W488336EB344D6D2F4D6A6BFA5F0@phx.gbl>
References: <COL125-W488336EB344D6D2F4D6A6BFA5F0@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <54A424D2.20709@gmail.com>

What is the user interface that your program is using, currently? IE: 
QT, GTK, Tkinter, Curses, Kivy, Pygame, Or None?
What is the target system on which your program runs?
How are you currently viewing the mean and standard deviation results?
What version of Python are you using and what is your OS?

On 12/31/2014 08:49 AM, Tammy Miller wrote:
> Hello All,
>
>   
>
> I need help on the
> following:  I have a created a project from a csv file to calculate the
> mean and standard deviation.
>
> However, I would like to
> create a drop-down list and display the mean and standard deviation?  Is there a module
> for that?
>
>   
>
> Thank you,
>
>   
>
> Tammy
>
>   
>
>   
>
>   
>
>   
>
>    		 	   		
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


From wolfrage8765 at gmail.com  Wed Dec 31 17:34:35 2014
From: wolfrage8765 at gmail.com (WolfRage)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 11:34:35 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Convert string to bytes
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54A4259B.2000005@gmail.com>

I wrote a program to help me break out hex strings awhile ago. It was 
written to communicate with a Atmega 168. This is written for Python 3. 
Here is a snippet, see if this helps you.

s4 = "28 40 7A 7C 05 00 00 34"
hex_array = bytearray.fromhex(s4)
print(s4)
print(list(hex_array))
print(hex_array)
for byte in list(hex_array):
     print(hex(byte))
     print(bytes([byte]))


On 12/31/2014 05:08 AM, shweta kaushik wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> I need help on this problem.
>
> I have one message packet in form of string s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22,
> 0xFE, 0x02'. I have to send this data to MSP430 microcontroller, but it is
> not taking data if it is string. If I am passing this as hardcoded value s1
> = 0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02 then board is responding. I want to
> convert s as s1 using python.
>
> Please help me out to convert string in normal format for microcontroller
> to respond.
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
> Regards,
> Shweta
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec 31 18:51:25 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 17:51:25 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Help on Python drop-down list options
In-Reply-To: <COL125-W488336EB344D6D2F4D6A6BFA5F0@phx.gbl>
References: <COL125-W488336EB344D6D2F4D6A6BFA5F0@phx.gbl>
Message-ID: <m81d2r$njo$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 31/12/14 13:49, Tammy Miller wrote:

> I need help on the
> following:  I have a created a project from a csv file to calculate the
> mean and standard deviation.

I assume that means you read the data from the CSV file
and display the stats?

> However, I would like to
> create a drop-down list and display the mean and standard deviation?

I assume you mean you want to create a GUI that has a "drop down list" 
containing data and you want to display the stats based on the list 
contents?

If so you need to decide what kind of UI you want to use.
Your choices are:
1) CLI using curses (Not on windows)
2) Web UI based on HTML/Javascript
3) Desktop GUI using Tkinter/WxPython/PyGTK
    (or some other toolkit)

And once you decide your option you need to design what the UI
looks like - how does the output appear? Is it in a label? a text 
widget? a pop-up dialog?

> Is there a module for that?

Yes, for all of the above.

Option 1 uses the curses module

Option 2 uses standard HTML linked to a CGI(standard library)
or a web framework(several third-party options)

Option 3: the standard library includes Tkinter,
the others are third-party downloads.

We can't help much until you make the choices above.
It will help if you tell us which python version and
which OS you use.

And once you choose an option which tookkit you want
to go with (or at least which option and we can advise
on toolkits based on your experience and your UI visual
design)

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec 31 18:57:33 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 17:57:33 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Convert string to bytes
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <m81deb$t41$1@ger.gmane.org>

On 31/12/14 10:08, shweta kaushik wrote:

> I have one message packet in form of string s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22,
> 0xFE, 0x02'. I have to send this data to MSP430 microcontroller, but it is
> not taking data if it is string. If I am passing this as hardcoded value s1
> = 0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02 then board is responding. I want to
> convert s as s1 using python.

I'm pretty sure you don;t need that, you only need the integer values of 
the hex strings. You can then write those integers directly to your 
controller. Assuming I'm right this should work (Python v2.7):

 >>> s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02'
 >>> [int(h,16) for h in s.split(',')]
[254, 1, 1, 34, 254, 2]
 >>>

HTH
-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Wed Dec 31 19:53:25 2014
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 18:53:25 +0000
Subject: [Tutor] Convert string to bytes
In-Reply-To: <CAM--9s7Ys7jPrHx0DpskjyzMPJMJ0sUmSBAEh2Wq4qy4_NsqyA@mail.gmail.com>
References: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>	<m81deb$t41$1@ger.gmane.org>
 <CAM--9s7Ys7jPrHx0DpskjyzMPJMJ0sUmSBAEh2Wq4qy4_NsqyA@mail.gmail.com>
Message-ID: <54A44625.3070707@btinternet.com>

On 31/12/14 18:03, shweta kaushik wrote:
> I also did the same thing and its working... but i dint use this. I 
> just did this and it is similar to what you said.
>
> >>> s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02'
> >>> packet = eval(s)
> (254, 1, 1, 34, 254, 2)
> >>>
> this is tuple, which my microcontroller is able to recognize and 
> respond back.
It works with a fixed string input but using eval() is a big security risk,
especially if you read the input from a file or network or even a user.
You could potentially find your hard disk being formatted or similar damage.

An explicit conversion using int() is much safer.

-- 
Alan G
Author of the Learn to Program web site
http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos


From coolshwetu at gmail.com  Wed Dec 31 19:03:36 2014
From: coolshwetu at gmail.com (shweta kaushik)
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2014 23:33:36 +0530
Subject: [Tutor] Convert string to bytes
In-Reply-To: <m81deb$t41$1@ger.gmane.org>
References: <CAM--9s6oY=YYfkdQNhSr-+sM5DhdvrPgy-zZhDDyBJ2prjO_-g@mail.gmail.com>
 <m81deb$t41$1@ger.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <CAM--9s7Ys7jPrHx0DpskjyzMPJMJ0sUmSBAEh2Wq4qy4_NsqyA@mail.gmail.com>

Hi Alan,

Thank you..

I also did the same thing and its working... but i dint use this. I just
did this and it is similar to what you said.

>>> s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02'
>>> packet = eval(s)
(254, 1, 1, 34, 254, 2)
>>>
this is tuple, which my microcontroller is able to recognize and respond
back.

Regards,
Shweta

On Wed, Dec 31, 2014 at 11:27 PM, Alan Gauld <alan.gauld at btinternet.com>
wrote:

> On 31/12/14 10:08, shweta kaushik wrote:
>
>  I have one message packet in form of string s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22,
>> 0xFE, 0x02'. I have to send this data to MSP430 microcontroller, but it is
>> not taking data if it is string. If I am passing this as hardcoded value
>> s1
>> = 0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02 then board is responding. I want to
>> convert s as s1 using python.
>>
>
> I'm pretty sure you don;t need that, you only need the integer values of
> the hex strings. You can then write those integers directly to your
> controller. Assuming I'm right this should work (Python v2.7):
>
> >>> s = '0xFE, 0x01, 0x01, 0x22, 0xFE, 0x02'
> >>> [int(h,16) for h in s.split(',')]
> [254, 1, 1, 34, 254, 2]
> >>>
>
> HTH
> --
> Alan G
> Author of the Learn to Program web site
> http://www.alan-g.me.uk/
> http://www.amazon.com/author/alan_gauld
> Follow my photo-blog on Flickr at:
> http://www.flickr.com/photos/alangauldphotos
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Tutor maillist  -  Tutor at python.org
> To unsubscribe or change subscription options:
> https://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/tutor
>