Quirk difference between classes and functions

[jfong at ms4.hinet.net]

Chris Angelico於 2019年2月27日星期三 UTC+8上午9時25分11秒寫道：
> On Wed, Feb 27, 2019 at 12:21 PM <jfong at ms4.hinet.net> wrote:
> >
> > Gregory Ewing at 2019/2/27 AM 5:26:49 wrote:
> > > Thomas Jollans wrote:
> > > > I imagine there's a justification for the difference in behaviour to do
> > > > with the fact that the body of a class is only ever executed once, while
> > > > the body of a function is executed multiple times.
> > >
> > > I suspect there isn't any deep reason for it, rather it's just
> > > something that fell out of the implementation, in particular
> > > the decision to optimise local variable access in functions
> > > but not other scopes.
> > >
> > > When compiling a function, the compiler needs to know which
> > > variables are local so that it can allocate slots for them in
> > > the stack frame. But when executing a class body, the locals
> > > are kept in a dict and are looked up dynamically.
> >
> > If the compiler can do any decision on the variable's name, when it goes to line of print, how it handle it?
> >
> > x = 0
> > def f():
> >     print(x)
> >
> > def g():
> >     print(x)
> >     x = 1
> >     print(y)
> >
> 
> Not sure what you mean by "decision", but the definition is that since
> x is assigned to in g(), it is local to g(). It's not local to f(), so
> the global is visible.

So, may I say that the Python compiler is a multi-pass one?

--Jach
> 
> (Incidentally, "print" is handled exactly the same way. Since neither
> function assigns to print, it's not local, so the built-in is found.)
> 
> ChrisA