python 3.44 float addition bug?

[Steven D'Aprano]

On Thu, 26 Jun 2014 19:38:45 +1000, Chris Angelico wrote:

> On Thu, Jun 26, 2014 at 7:15 PM, Steven D'Aprano <steve at pearwood.info>
> wrote:
>> Here's an error that *cannot* occur with binary floats: the average of
>> two numbers x and y is not guaranteed to lie between x and y!
>>
>>
>> py> from decimal import *
>> py> getcontext().prec = 3
>> py> x = Decimal('0.516')
>> py> y = Decimal('0.518')
>> py> (x + y) / 2
>> Decimal('0.515')
>>
>>
>> Ouch!
> 
> But what you're looking at is also a problem with intermediate rounding,
> as the sum of .516 and .518 can't be represented in 3 digits. 

Exactly. I picked 3 digits because it's much easier to write, and read, a 
3 digit example than a 28 digit example. But the failure here is not a 
property of "too few digits", to be fixed by adding more significant 
digits. No matter how many digits you have, there are some calculations 
which cannot be performed exactly in that many digits.

Although you seem to have missed the critical issue: this is a failure 
mode which *binary floats cannot exhibit*, but decimal floats can. The 
failure being that 

assert x <= (x+y)/2 <= y

may fail if x and y are base 10 floats.

I'm afraid my computational-mathematics skills are not good enough to 
prove this assertion, but Mark Dickinson on the Python-Dev mailing list 
made this claim, and I believe he knows what he is talking about.

https://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-ideas/2014-March/026851.html


If anyone can demonstrate such a failed assertion using floats, I'd love 
to see it.


-- 
Steven