How to generate "a, b, c, and d"?

[Tim Chase]

On 12/15/11 10:48, Roy Smith wrote:
> I've got a list, ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'].  I want to generate the string, "a, b, c, and d" (I'll settle for no comma after 'c').  Is there some standard way to do this, handling all the special cases?
>
> [] ==>  ''
> ['a'] ==>  'a'
> ['a', 'b'] ==>  'a and b'
> ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] ==>  'a, b, and c'
>
> It seems like the kind of thing django.contrib.humanize would handle, but alas, it doesn't.

If you have a list, it's pretty easy as MRAB suggests.  For 
arbitrary iterators, it's a bit more complex.  Especially with 
the odd edge-case of 2 items where there's no comma before the 
conjunction (where >2 has the comma before the conjunction).  If 
you were willing to forgo the Oxford comma, it would tidy up the 
code a bit.  Sample code below

-tkc

def gen_list(i, conjunction="and"):
     i = iter(i)
     first = i.next()
     try:
         prev = i.next()
     except StopIteration:
         yield first
     else:
         more_than_two = False
         for item in i:
             if not more_than_two: yield first
             yield prev
             prev = item
             more_than_two = True
         if more_than_two:
             yield "%s %s" % (conjunction, prev)
         else:
             yield "%s %s %s" % (first, conjunction, prev)

def listify(lst, conjunction="and"):
     return ', '.join(gen_list(lst, conjunction))

for test, expected in (
         ([], ''),
         (['a'], 'a'),
         (['a', 'b'], 'a and b'),
         (['a', 'b', 'c'], 'a, b, and c'),
         (['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], 'a, b, c, and d'),
         ):
     result = listify(test)
     print "%r -> %r (got %r) %s" % (
         test, expected, result,
         result == expected and "PASSED" or "FAILED"
         )