Gigs_ wrote: > i have this function. > > def f(start): > stack = [] > def f1(start): > for fname in os.listdir(startDir): > path = os.path.join(startDir, fname) > if os.path.isfile(path): > stack.append(path) > else: > f1(path) > return stack > > > this is returning empty list, why? Because f() doesn't invoke f1(). Peter