Newbie question - what's the term for input/output to a web page?

[Rachel Garrett]

I'd like to write a simple application that will accept input from the
user, go out to a particular web page, and submit the user's input to
the website. The results that are displayed by the web page should
then be sent back to the application.

This seems like something where I could find some easy examples, but I
don't know what to search for -- I keep getting results for API's, web
services, etc.

Any pointers, please?

--Rachel Garrett