Where does a class closure live?
Gerard Brunick
gbrunick at andrew.cmu.edu
Wed Dec 6 16:53:00 EST 2006
Consider:
### Function closure example
def outer(s):
... def inner():
... print s
... return inner
...
>>> f = outer(5)
>>> f()
5
>>> dir(f)
['__call__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__',
'__get__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__',
'__name__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__',
'__setattr__', '__str__', 'func_closure', 'func_code', 'func_defaults',
'func_dict', 'func_doc', 'func_globals', 'func_name']
### Class instance closure example
>>> def outer2(s):
... class Inner(object):
... def __call__(self):
... print s
... return Inner()
...
>>> f = outer2(10)
>>> f()
10
>>> dir(f)
['__call__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__',
'__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__',
'__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__',
'__weakref__']
##### Class closure example
>>> def outer3(s):
... class Inner(object):
... def __call__(self):
... print s
... return Inner
...
>>> F = outer3(15)
>>> f = F()
>>> f()
15
>>> dir(F)
['__call__', '__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__',
'__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__',
'__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__',
'__weakref__']
Now the closure for the function live in func_name. I've even done the
exercise where I build a dummy inner function that returns its closed
variable, so that I can use that thing to reach through "cells" and
check out the variables living in the closure object. Where are the
closure variables for the class instance, and the class? Can I get my
hands on them in Python?
-Gerard
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