[perl-python] generic equivalence partition

[Xah Lee]

another functional exercise with lists.

Here's the perl documentation. I'll post a perl and the translated
python version in 48 hours.

=pod

parti(aList, equalFunc)

given a list aList of n elements, we want to return a list that is a
range of numbers from 1 to n, partition by the predicate function of
equivalence equalFunc. (a predicate function is a function that
takes two arguments, and returns either True or False.)

Note: a mathematical aspect: there are certain mathematical constraints
on the a function that checks equivalence. That is to say, if a==b,
then b==a. If a==b and b==c, then a==c. And, a==a. If a equivalence
function does not satisfy these, it is inconsistent and basically give
meaningless result.

example:
parti([['x','x','x','1'],
['x','x','x','2'],
['x','x','x','2'],
['x','x','x','2'],
['x','x','x','3'],
['x','x','x','4'],
['x','x','x','5'],
['x','x','x','5']], sub {$_[0]->[3] == $_[1]->[3]} )

returns
 [[1],['2','3','4'],['5'],['6'],['7','8']];

=cut

In the example given, the input list's elements are lists of 4
elements, and the equivalence function is one that returns True if the
last item are the same.

Note that this is a generic function. The input can be a list whose
elements are of any type. What "parti" does is to return a partitioned
range of numbers, that tells us which input element are equivalent to
which, according to the predicate given. For example, in the given
example, it tells us that the 2nd, 3rd, 4th elements are equivalent.
And they are equivalent measured by the predicate function given, which
basically tests if their last item are the same integer. (note that if
we want to view the result as indexes, then it is 1-based index. i.e.
counting starts at 1.)

PS if you didn't realize yet, nested lists/dictionaries in perl is a
complete pain in the ass.

PS note that the code "sub {$_[0]->[3] == $_[1]->[3]}" is what's called
the lambda form, in Perl.

 Xah
 xah at xahlee.org
 http://xahlee.org/PageTwo_dir/more.html