<snip> newsgroups=['comp.lang.ada', 'comp.lang.apl', 'comp.lang.asm.x86', 'comp.lang.asm370', 'comp.lang.awk', <snip> Minor suggestion: assign the newsgroups as [ada, apl, asm.x86, asm370, awk ...] then just prepend 'comp.lang.' at the top of your for loop. This will aid readability. Thanks very much, Laura Creighton