[issue43115] locale.getlocale fails if locale is set

[Anders Munch]

New submission from Anders Munch <anders at jmunch.dk>:

getlocale fails with an exception when the string returned by _setlocale is already an RFC 1766 language tag.

Example:

Python 3.10.0a4 (tags/v3.10.0a4:445f7f5, Jan  4 2021, 19:55:53) [MSC v.1928 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import locale
>>> locale.setlocale(locale.LC_ALL, 'en-US')
'en-US'
>>> locale.getlocale()
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\flonidan\env\Python310\lib\locale.py", line 593, in getlocale
    return _parse_localename(localename)
  File "C:\flonidan\env\Python310\lib\locale.py", line 501, in _parse_localename
    raise ValueError('unknown locale: %s' % localename)
ValueError: unknown locale: en-US

Expected result:
  ('en-US', None)

See https://github.com/wxWidgets/Phoenix/issues/1637 for an example of the ensuing problems.  wx.Locale calls C setlocale directly, but, as far as I can see, correctly, using dashes in the language code which is consistent with not only RFC 1766 but also the examples in Microsoft's documentation (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/c-runtime-library/reference/setlocale-wsetlocale?view=msvc-160).  CPython seems to assume underscored names such as 'en_US' instead, as shown by getdefaultlocale inserting an underscore.

----------
components: Library (Lib), Windows
messages: 386203
nosy: AndersMunch, paul.moore, steve.dower, tim.golden, zach.ware
priority: normal
severity: normal
status: open
title: locale.getlocale fails if locale is set
versions: Python 3.10, Python 3.8, Python 3.9

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Python tracker <report at bugs.python.org>
<https://bugs.python.org/issue43115>
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