[issue41324] Add a minimal decimal capsule API

[Stefan Krah]

New submission from Stefan Krah <stefan at bytereef.org>:

This adds a minimal decimal capsule API.  As can be seen from the patch,
adding anything to decimal while doing it properly is quite labor and
testing intensive, so the intent is to *keep* the API minimal!

That said, some functions are really necessary:

  1) PyDec_TypeCheck()         -- for obvious reasons.

  2) PyDec_Alloc()             -- create new decimals.

  3) PyDec_Get()               -- get the mpd_t, enables the use of all libmpdec functions.

  4) PyDec_AsUint128Triple()   -- export the decimal as (sign, hi, lo, exp).

  5) PyDec_FromUint128Triple() -- create a decimal from (sign, hi, lo, exp).


4) and 5) have been requested by Antoine for a real world use case.  (hi, lo)
is the coefficient as a __uint128_t split in two uint64_t.


Antoine, could you verify that this is sufficient for the database use case?

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nosy: +mark.dickinson, pitrou, rhettinger

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