[issue29882] Add an efficient popcount method for integers

[Mark Dickinson]

Mark Dickinson <dickinsm at gmail.com> added the comment:

> Is everyone comfortable with how negative numbers are handled by this patch?

Not entirely, but it's not terribly wrong and it's consistent with how `int.bit_length` works. (I'm also a bit uncomfortable about `int.bit_length`s behaviour on negative numbers, but it is the way it is.)

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Python tracker <report at bugs.python.org>
<https://bugs.python.org/issue29882>
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