[pypy-commit] pypy unicode-utf8: merge default

fijal pypy.commits at gmail.com
Thu Nov 23 10:46:47 EST 2017


Author: fijal
Branch: unicode-utf8
Changeset: r93144:177352fb8cf4
Date: 2017-11-23 16:46 +0100
http://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/changeset/177352fb8cf4/

Log:	merge default

diff too long, truncating to 2000 out of 7577 lines

diff --git a/.hgignore b/.hgignore
--- a/.hgignore
+++ b/.hgignore
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
 ^lib_pypy/.+.c$
 ^lib_pypy/.+.o$
 ^lib_pypy/.+.so$
+^lib_pypy/.+.pyd$
+^lib_pypy/Release/
 ^pypy/doc/discussion/.+\.html$
 ^include/.+\.h$
 ^include/.+\.inl$
diff --git a/extra_tests/requirements.txt b/extra_tests/requirements.txt
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra_tests/requirements.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+pytest
+hypothesis
diff --git a/extra_tests/test_bytes.py b/extra_tests/test_bytes.py
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/extra_tests/test_bytes.py
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+from hypothesis import strategies as st
+from hypothesis import given, example
+
+st_bytestring = st.binary() | st.binary().map(bytearray)
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_find(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert 0 <= s.find(u) <= len(prefix)
+    assert s.find(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_index(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert 0 <= s.index(u) <= len(prefix)
+    assert s.index(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_rfind(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert s.rfind(u) >= len(prefix)
+    assert s.rfind(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_rindex(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert s.rindex(u) >= len(prefix)
+    assert s.rindex(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+def adjust_indices(u, start, end):
+    if end < 0:
+        end = max(end + len(u), 0)
+    else:
+        end = min(end, len(u))
+    if start < 0:
+        start = max(start + len(u), 0)
+    return start, end
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_startswith_basic(u, v):
+    assert u.startswith(v) is (u[:len(v)] == v)
+
+ at example(b'x', b'', 1)
+ at example(b'x', b'', 2)
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st.integers())
+def test_startswith_start(u, v, start):
+    expected = u[start:].startswith(v) if v else (start <= len(u))
+    assert u.startswith(v, start) is expected
+
+ at example(b'x', b'', 1, 0)
+ at example(b'xx', b'', -1, 0)
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st.integers(), st.integers())
+def test_startswith_3(u, v, start, end):
+    if v:
+        expected = u[start:end].startswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        start0, end0 = adjust_indices(u, start, end)
+        expected = start0 <= len(u) and start0 <= end0
+    assert u.startswith(v, start, end) is expected
+
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring)
+def test_endswith_basic(u, v):
+    if len(v) > len(u):
+        assert u.endswith(v) is False
+    else:
+        assert u.endswith(v) is (u[len(u) - len(v):] == v)
+
+ at example(b'x', b'', 1)
+ at example(b'x', b'', 2)
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st.integers())
+def test_endswith_2(u, v, start):
+    expected = u[start:].endswith(v) if v else (start <= len(u))
+    assert u.endswith(v, start) is expected
+
+ at example(b'x', b'', 1, 0)
+ at example(b'xx', b'', -1, 0)
+ at given(st_bytestring, st_bytestring, st.integers(), st.integers())
+def test_endswith_3(u, v, start, end):
+    if v:
+        expected = u[start:end].endswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        start0, end0 = adjust_indices(u, start, end)
+        expected = start0 <= len(u) and start0 <= end0
+    assert u.endswith(v, start, end) is expected
diff --git a/extra_tests/test_unicode.py b/extra_tests/test_unicode.py
--- a/extra_tests/test_unicode.py
+++ b/extra_tests/test_unicode.py
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import sys
 import pytest
 from hypothesis import strategies as st
 from hypothesis import given, settings, example
@@ -32,3 +33,89 @@
 @given(s=st.text())
 def test_composition(s, norm1, norm2, norm3):
     assert normalize(norm2, normalize(norm1, s)) == normalize(norm3, s)
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.text())
+def test_find(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert 0 <= s.find(u) <= len(prefix)
+    assert s.find(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.text())
+def test_index(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert 0 <= s.index(u) <= len(prefix)
+    assert s.index(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.text())
+def test_rfind(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert s.rfind(u) >= len(prefix)
+    assert s.rfind(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.text())
+def test_rindex(u, prefix, suffix):
+    s = prefix + u + suffix
+    assert s.rindex(u) >= len(prefix)
+    assert s.rindex(u, len(prefix), len(s) - len(suffix)) == len(prefix)
+
+def adjust_indices(u, start, end):
+    if end < 0:
+        end = max(end + len(u), 0)
+    else:
+        end = min(end, len(u))
+    if start < 0:
+        start = max(start + len(u), 0)
+    return start, end
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text())
+def test_startswith_basic(u, v):
+    assert u.startswith(v) is (u[:len(v)] == v)
+
+ at example(u'x', u'', 1)
+ at example(u'x', u'', 2)
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.integers())
+def test_startswith_2(u, v, start):
+    if v or sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        expected = u[start:].startswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        expected = start <= len(u)
+    assert u.startswith(v, start) is expected
+
+ at example(u'x', u'', 1, 0)
+ at example(u'xx', u'', -1, 0)
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.integers(), st.integers())
+def test_startswith_3(u, v, start, end):
+    if v or sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        expected = u[start:end].startswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        start0, end0 = adjust_indices(u, start, end)
+        expected = start0 <= len(u) and start0 <= end0
+    assert u.startswith(v, start, end) is expected
+
+ at given(st.text(), st.text())
+def test_endswith_basic(u, v):
+    if len(v) > len(u):
+        assert u.endswith(v) is False
+    else:
+        assert u.endswith(v) is (u[len(u) - len(v):] == v)
+
+ at example(u'x', u'', 1)
+ at example(u'x', u'', 2)
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.integers())
+def test_endswith_2(u, v, start):
+    if v or sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        expected = u[start:].endswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        expected = start <= len(u)
+    assert u.endswith(v, start) is expected
+
+ at example(u'x', u'', 1, 0)
+ at example(u'xx', u'', -1, 0)
+ at given(st.text(), st.text(), st.integers(), st.integers())
+def test_endswith_3(u, v, start, end):
+    if v or sys.version_info[0] == 2:
+        expected = u[start:end].endswith(v)
+    else:  # CPython leaks implementation details in this case
+        start0, end0 = adjust_indices(u, start, end)
+        expected = start0 <= len(u) and start0 <= end0
+    assert u.endswith(v, start, end) is expected
diff --git a/lib-python/2.7/ctypes/__init__.py b/lib-python/2.7/ctypes/__init__.py
--- a/lib-python/2.7/ctypes/__init__.py
+++ b/lib-python/2.7/ctypes/__init__.py
@@ -360,14 +360,15 @@
         self._FuncPtr = _FuncPtr
 
         if handle is None:
-            if flags & _FUNCFLAG_CDECL:
-                pypy_dll = _ffi.CDLL(name, mode)
-            else:
-                pypy_dll = _ffi.WinDLL(name, mode)
-            self.__pypy_dll__ = pypy_dll
-            handle = int(pypy_dll)
-            if _sys.maxint > 2 ** 32:
-                handle = int(handle)   # long -> int
+            handle = 0
+        if flags & _FUNCFLAG_CDECL:
+            pypy_dll = _ffi.CDLL(name, mode, handle)
+        else:
+            pypy_dll = _ffi.WinDLL(name, mode, handle)
+        self.__pypy_dll__ = pypy_dll
+        handle = int(pypy_dll)
+        if _sys.maxint > 2 ** 32:
+            handle = int(handle)   # long -> int
         self._handle = handle
 
     def __repr__(self):
diff --git a/lib-python/2.7/inspect.py b/lib-python/2.7/inspect.py
--- a/lib-python/2.7/inspect.py
+++ b/lib-python/2.7/inspect.py
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@
 import linecache
 from operator import attrgetter
 from collections import namedtuple
+try:
+    from cpyext import is_cpyext_function as _is_cpyext_function
+except ImportError:
+    _is_cpyext_function = lambda obj: False
 
 # These constants are from Include/code.h.
 CO_OPTIMIZED, CO_NEWLOCALS, CO_VARARGS, CO_VARKEYWORDS = 0x1, 0x2, 0x4, 0x8
@@ -230,7 +234,7 @@
         __doc__         documentation string
         __name__        original name of this function or method
         __self__        instance to which a method is bound, or None"""
-    return isinstance(object, types.BuiltinFunctionType)
+    return isinstance(object, types.BuiltinFunctionType) or _is_cpyext_function(object)
 
 def isroutine(object):
     """Return true if the object is any kind of function or method."""
diff --git a/lib-python/2.7/test/test_urllib2net.py b/lib-python/2.7/test/test_urllib2net.py
--- a/lib-python/2.7/test/test_urllib2net.py
+++ b/lib-python/2.7/test/test_urllib2net.py
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@
             self.assertEqual(u.fp._sock.fp._sock.gettimeout(), 120)
             u.close()
 
-    FTP_HOST = 'ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/'
+    FTP_HOST = 'ftp://www.pythontest.net/'
 
     def test_ftp_basic(self):
         self.assertIsNone(socket.getdefaulttimeout())
diff --git a/lib-python/2.7/warnings.py b/lib-python/2.7/warnings.py
--- a/lib-python/2.7/warnings.py
+++ b/lib-python/2.7/warnings.py
@@ -43,11 +43,12 @@
         unicodetype = unicode
     except NameError:
         unicodetype = ()
+    template = "%s: %s: %s\n"
     try:
         message = str(message)
     except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        pass
-    s =  "%s: %s: %s\n" % (lineno, category.__name__, message)
+        template = unicode(template)
+    s = template % (lineno, category.__name__, message)
     line = linecache.getline(filename, lineno) if line is None else line
     if line:
         line = line.strip()
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/array.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/array.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/array.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/array.py
@@ -8,60 +8,63 @@
 class ArrayMeta(_CDataMeta):
     def __new__(self, name, cls, typedict):
         res = type.__new__(self, name, cls, typedict)
-        if '_type_' in typedict:
-            ffiarray = _rawffi.Array(typedict['_type_']._ffishape_)
-            res._ffiarray = ffiarray
-            subletter = getattr(typedict['_type_'], '_type_', None)
-            if subletter == 'c':
-                def getvalue(self):
-                    return _rawffi.charp2string(self._buffer.buffer,
-                                                self._length_)
-                def setvalue(self, val):
-                    # we don't want to have buffers here
-                    if len(val) > self._length_:
-                        raise ValueError("%r too long" % (val,))
-                    if isinstance(val, str):
-                        _rawffi.rawstring2charp(self._buffer.buffer, val)
-                    else:
-                        for i in range(len(val)):
-                            self[i] = val[i]
-                    if len(val) < self._length_:
-                        self._buffer[len(val)] = '\x00'
-                res.value = property(getvalue, setvalue)
 
-                def getraw(self):
-                    return _rawffi.charp2rawstring(self._buffer.buffer,
-                                                   self._length_)
+        if cls == (_CData,): # this is the Array class defined below
+            res._ffiarray = None
+            return res
+        if not hasattr(res, '_length_') or not isinstance(res._length_, int):
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "class must define a '_length_' attribute, "
+                "which must be a positive integer")
+        ffiarray = res._ffiarray = _rawffi.Array(res._type_._ffishape_)
+        subletter = getattr(res._type_, '_type_', None)
+        if subletter == 'c':
+            def getvalue(self):
+                return _rawffi.charp2string(self._buffer.buffer,
+                                            self._length_)
+            def setvalue(self, val):
+                # we don't want to have buffers here
+                if len(val) > self._length_:
+                    raise ValueError("%r too long" % (val,))
+                if isinstance(val, str):
+                    _rawffi.rawstring2charp(self._buffer.buffer, val)
+                else:
+                    for i in range(len(val)):
+                        self[i] = val[i]
+                if len(val) < self._length_:
+                    self._buffer[len(val)] = b'\x00'
+            res.value = property(getvalue, setvalue)
 
-                def setraw(self, buffer):
-                    if len(buffer) > self._length_:
-                        raise ValueError("%r too long" % (buffer,))
-                    _rawffi.rawstring2charp(self._buffer.buffer, buffer)
-                res.raw = property(getraw, setraw)
-            elif subletter == 'u':
-                def getvalue(self):
-                    return _rawffi.wcharp2unicode(self._buffer.buffer,
-                                                  self._length_)
+            def getraw(self):
+                return _rawffi.charp2rawstring(self._buffer.buffer,
+                                               self._length_)
 
-                def setvalue(self, val):
-                    # we don't want to have buffers here
-                    if len(val) > self._length_:
-                        raise ValueError("%r too long" % (val,))
-                    if isinstance(val, unicode):
-                        target = self._buffer
-                    else:
-                        target = self
-                    for i in range(len(val)):
-                        target[i] = val[i]
-                    if len(val) < self._length_:
-                        target[len(val)] = u'\x00'
-                res.value = property(getvalue, setvalue)
-                
-            if '_length_' in typedict:
-                res._ffishape_ = (ffiarray, typedict['_length_'])
-                res._fficompositesize_ = res._sizeofinstances()
-        else:
-            res._ffiarray = None
+            def setraw(self, buffer):
+                if len(buffer) > self._length_:
+                    raise ValueError("%r too long" % (buffer,))
+                _rawffi.rawstring2charp(self._buffer.buffer, buffer)
+            res.raw = property(getraw, setraw)
+        elif subletter == 'u':
+            def getvalue(self):
+                return _rawffi.wcharp2unicode(self._buffer.buffer,
+                                              self._length_)
+
+            def setvalue(self, val):
+                # we don't want to have buffers here
+                if len(val) > self._length_:
+                    raise ValueError("%r too long" % (val,))
+                if isinstance(val, unicode):
+                    target = self._buffer
+                else:
+                    target = self
+                for i in range(len(val)):
+                    target[i] = val[i]
+                if len(val) < self._length_:
+                    target[len(val)] = u'\x00'
+            res.value = property(getvalue, setvalue)
+
+        res._ffishape_ = (ffiarray, res._length_)
+        res._fficompositesize_ = res._sizeofinstances()
         return res
 
     from_address = cdata_from_address
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@
     l = [self[i] for i in range(start, stop, step)]
     letter = getattr(self._type_, '_type_', None)
     if letter == 'c':
-        return "".join(l)
+        return b"".join(l)
     if letter == 'u':
         return u"".join(l)
     return l
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
@@ -176,6 +176,10 @@
     def _get_buffer_value(self):
         return self._buffer[0]
 
+    def _copy_to(self, addr):
+        target = type(self).from_address(addr)._buffer
+        target[0] = self._get_buffer_value()
+
     def _to_ffi_param(self):
         if self.__class__._is_pointer_like():
             return self._get_buffer_value()
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/pointer.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/pointer.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/pointer.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/pointer.py
@@ -114,7 +114,9 @@
         cobj = self._type_.from_param(value)
         if ensure_objects(cobj) is not None:
             store_reference(self, index, cobj._objects)
-        self._subarray(index)[0] = cobj._get_buffer_value()
+        address = self._buffer[0]
+        address += index * sizeof(self._type_)
+        cobj._copy_to(address)
 
     def __nonzero__(self):
         return self._buffer[0] != 0
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/structure.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/structure.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/structure.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/structure.py
@@ -291,6 +291,11 @@
     def _get_buffer_value(self):
         return self._buffer.buffer
 
+    def _copy_to(self, addr):
+        from ctypes import memmove
+        origin = self._get_buffer_value()
+        memmove(addr, origin, self._fficompositesize_)
+
     def _to_ffi_param(self):
         return self._buffer
 
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes_test.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes_test.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes_test.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes_test.py
@@ -21,5 +21,11 @@
         with fp:
             imp.load_module('_ctypes_test', fp, filename, description)
     except ImportError:
+        if os.name == 'nt':
+            # hack around finding compilers on win32
+            try:
+                import setuptools
+            except ImportError:
+                pass
         print('could not find _ctypes_test in %s' % output_dir)
         _pypy_testcapi.compile_shared('_ctypes_test.c', '_ctypes_test', output_dir)
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_sqlite3.py b/lib_pypy/_sqlite3.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_sqlite3.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_sqlite3.py
@@ -1027,21 +1027,25 @@
         if '\0' in sql:
             raise ValueError("the query contains a null character")
 
-        first_word = sql.lstrip().split(" ")[0].upper()
-        if first_word == "":
+        
+        if sql:
+            first_word = sql.lstrip().split()[0].upper()
+            if first_word == '':
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_INVALID
+            if first_word == "SELECT":
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_SELECT
+            elif first_word == "INSERT":
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_INSERT
+            elif first_word == "UPDATE":
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_UPDATE
+            elif first_word == "DELETE":
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_DELETE
+            elif first_word == "REPLACE":
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_REPLACE
+            else:
+                self._type = _STMT_TYPE_OTHER
+        else:
             self._type = _STMT_TYPE_INVALID
-        elif first_word == "SELECT":
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_SELECT
-        elif first_word == "INSERT":
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_INSERT
-        elif first_word == "UPDATE":
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_UPDATE
-        elif first_word == "DELETE":
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_DELETE
-        elif first_word == "REPLACE":
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_REPLACE
-        else:
-            self._type = _STMT_TYPE_OTHER
 
         if isinstance(sql, unicode):
             sql = sql.encode('utf-8')
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_testcapi.py b/lib_pypy/_testcapi.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_testcapi.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_testcapi.py
@@ -16,4 +16,10 @@
     with fp:
         imp.load_module('_testcapi', fp, filename, description)
 except ImportError:
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        # hack around finding compilers on win32
+        try:
+            import setuptools
+        except ImportError:
+            pass
     _pypy_testcapi.compile_shared(cfile, '_testcapi', output_dir)
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_tkinter/app.py b/lib_pypy/_tkinter/app.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_tkinter/app.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_tkinter/app.py
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
                              tklib.TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY)
 
         # This is used to get the application class for Tk 4.1 and up
-        argv0 = className.lower()
+        argv0 = className.lower().encode('ascii')
         tklib.Tcl_SetVar(self.interp, "argv0", argv0,
                          tklib.TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY)
 
@@ -180,6 +180,9 @@
             if err == tklib.TCL_ERROR:
                 self.raiseTclError()
 
+    def interpaddr(self):
+        return int(tkffi.cast('size_t', self.interp))
+
     def _var_invoke(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
         if self.threaded and self.thread_id != tklib.Tcl_GetCurrentThread():
             # The current thread is not the interpreter thread.
diff --git a/pypy/doc/faq.rst b/pypy/doc/faq.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/faq.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/faq.rst
@@ -182,6 +182,57 @@
 technical difficulties.
 
 
+What about numpy, numpypy, micronumpy?
+--------------------------------------
+
+Way back in 2011, the PyPy team `started to reimplement`_ numpy in PyPy.  It
+has two pieces:
+
+  * the builtin module :source:`pypy/module/micronumpy`: this is written in
+    RPython and roughly covers the content of the ``numpy.core.multiarray``
+    module. Confusingly enough, this is available in PyPy under the name
+    ``_numpypy``.  It is included by default in all the official releases of
+    PyPy (but it might be dropped in the future).
+
+  * a fork_ of the official numpy repository maintained by us and informally
+    called ``numpypy``: even more confusing, the name of the repo on bitbucket
+    is ``numpy``.  The main difference with the upstream numpy, is that it is
+    based on the micronumpy module written in RPython, instead of of
+    ``numpy.core.multiarray`` which is written in C.
+
+Moreover, it is also possible to install the upstream version of ``numpy``:
+its core is written in C and it runs on PyPy under the cpyext compatibility
+layer. This is what you get if you do ``pypy -m pip install numpy``.
+
+
+Should I install numpy or numpypy?
+-----------------------------------
+
+TL;DR version: you should use numpy. You can install it by doing ``pypy -m pip
+install numpy``.  You might also be interested in using the experimental `PyPy
+binary wheels`_ to save compilation time.
+
+The upstream ``numpy`` is written in C, and runs under the cpyext
+compatibility layer.  Nowadays, cpyext is mature enough that you can simply
+use the upstream ``numpy``, since it passes 99.9% of the test suite. At the
+moment of writing (October 2017) the main drawback of ``numpy`` is that cpyext
+is infamously slow, and thus it has worse performance compared to
+``numpypy``. However, we are actively working on improving it, as we expect to
+reach the same speed, eventually.
+
+On the other hand, ``numpypy`` is more JIT-friendly and very fast to call,
+since it is written in RPython: but it is a reimplementation, and it's hard to
+be completely compatible: over the years the project slowly matured and
+eventually it was able to call out to the LAPACK and BLAS libraries to speed
+matrix calculations, and reached around an 80% parity with the upstream
+numpy. However, 80% is far from 100%.  Since cpyext/numpy compatibility is
+progressing fast, we have discontinued support for ``numpypy``.
+
+.. _`started to reimplement`: https://morepypy.blogspot.co.il/2011/05/numpy-in-pypy-status-and-roadmap.html
+.. _fork: https://bitbucket.org/pypy/numpy
+.. _`PyPy binary wheels`: https://github.com/antocuni/pypy-wheels
+
+
 Is PyPy more clever than CPython about Tail Calls?
 --------------------------------------------------
 
diff --git a/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
@@ -10,3 +10,19 @@
 
 .. branch: docs-osx-brew-openssl
 
+.. branch: keep-debug-symbols
+Add a smartstrip tool, which can optionally keep the debug symbols in a
+separate file, instead of just stripping them away. Use it in packaging
+
+.. branch: bsd-patches
+Fix failures on FreeBSD, contributed by David Naylor as patches on the issue
+tracker (issues 2694, 2695, 2696, 2697)
+
+.. branch: run-extra-tests
+Run extra_tests/ in buildbot
+
+.. branch: vmprof-0.4.10
+Upgrade the _vmprof backend to vmprof 0.4.10
+
+.. branch: fix-vmprof-stacklet-switch
+Fix a vmprof+continulets (i.e. greenelts, eventlet, gevent, ...)
diff --git a/pypy/goal/getnightly.py b/pypy/goal/getnightly.py
--- a/pypy/goal/getnightly.py
+++ b/pypy/goal/getnightly.py
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
     arch = 'linux'
     cmd = 'wget "%s"'
     TAR_OPTIONS += ' --wildcards'
-    binfiles = "'*/bin/pypy' '*/bin/libpypy-c.so'"
+    binfiles = "'*/bin/pypy*' '*/bin/libpypy-c.so*'"
     if os.uname()[-1].startswith('arm'):
         arch += '-armhf-raspbian'
 elif sys.platform.startswith('darwin'):
diff --git a/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/future.py b/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/future.py
--- a/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/future.py
+++ b/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/future.py
@@ -85,13 +85,17 @@
     # permissive parsing of the given list of tokens; it relies on
     # the real parsing done afterwards to give errors.
     it.skip_newlines()
-    it.skip_name("r") or it.skip_name("u") or it.skip_name("ru")
-    if it.skip(pygram.tokens.STRING):
-        it.skip_newlines()
 
-    while (it.skip_name("from") and
+    docstring_possible = True
+    while True:
+        it.skip_name("r") or it.skip_name("u") or it.skip_name("ru")
+        if docstring_possible and it.skip(pygram.tokens.STRING):
+            it.skip_newlines()
+            docstring_possible = False
+        if not (it.skip_name("from") and
            it.skip_name("__future__") and
            it.skip_name("import")):
+            break
         it.skip(pygram.tokens.LPAR)    # optionally
         # return in 'last_position' any line-column pair that points
         # somewhere inside the last __future__ import statement
diff --git a/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/test/test_future.py b/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/test/test_future.py
--- a/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/test/test_future.py
+++ b/pypy/interpreter/pyparser/test/test_future.py
@@ -208,3 +208,13 @@
          'from __future__ import with_statement;')
     f = run(s, (2, 23))
     assert f == fut.CO_FUTURE_DIVISION | fut.CO_FUTURE_WITH_STATEMENT
+
+def test_future_doc_future():
+    # for some reason people do this :-[
+    s = '''
+from  __future__ import generators
+"Docstring"
+from  __future__ import division
+    '''
+    f = run(s, (4, 24))
+    assert f == fut.CO_FUTURE_DIVISION | fut.CO_GENERATOR_ALLOWED
diff --git a/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_stacklet.py b/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_stacklet.py
--- a/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_stacklet.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_stacklet.py
@@ -8,6 +8,35 @@
         cls.w_translated = cls.space.wrap(
             os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__),
                          'test_translated.py'))
+        cls.w_stack = cls.space.appexec([], """():
+            import sys
+            def stack(f=None):
+                '''
+                get the call-stack of the caller or the specified frame
+                '''
+                if f is None:
+                    f = sys._getframe(1)
+                res = []
+                seen = set()
+                while f:
+                    if f in seen:
+                        # frame cycle
+                        res.append('...')
+                        break
+                    if f.f_code.co_name == 'runtest':
+                        # if we are running with -A, cut all the stack above
+                        # the test function
+                        break
+                    seen.add(f)
+                    res.append(f.f_code.co_name)
+                    f = f.f_back
+                #print res
+                return res
+            return stack
+       """)
+        if cls.runappdirect:
+            # make sure that "self.stack" does not pass the self
+            cls.w_stack = staticmethod(cls.w_stack.im_func)
 
     def test_new_empty(self):
         from _continuation import continulet
@@ -290,66 +319,100 @@
     def test_random_switching(self):
         from _continuation import continulet
         #
+        seen = []
+        #
         def t1(c1):
-            return c1.switch()
+            seen.append(3)
+            res = c1.switch()
+            seen.append(6)
+            return res
+        #
         def s1(c1, n):
+            seen.append(2)
             assert n == 123
             c2 = t1(c1)
-            return c1.switch('a') + 1
+            seen.append(7)
+            res = c1.switch('a') + 1
+            seen.append(10)
+            return res
         #
         def s2(c2, c1):
+            seen.append(5)
             res = c1.switch(c2)
+            seen.append(8)
             assert res == 'a'
-            return c2.switch('b') + 2
+            res = c2.switch('b') + 2
+            seen.append(12)
+            return res
         #
         def f():
+            seen.append(1)
             c1 = continulet(s1, 123)
             c2 = continulet(s2, c1)
             c1.switch()
+            seen.append(4)
             res = c2.switch()
+            seen.append(9)
             assert res == 'b'
             res = c1.switch(1000)
+            seen.append(11)
             assert res == 1001
-            return c2.switch(2000)
+            res = c2.switch(2000)
+            seen.append(13)
+            return res
         #
         res = f()
         assert res == 2002
+        assert seen == [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]
 
     def test_f_back(self):
         import sys
         from _continuation import continulet
+        stack = self.stack
         #
-        def g(c):
+        def bar(c):
+            assert stack() == ['bar', 'foo', 'test_f_back']
             c.switch(sys._getframe(0))
             c.switch(sys._getframe(0).f_back)
             c.switch(sys._getframe(1))
+            #
+            assert stack() == ['bar', 'foo', 'main', 'test_f_back']
             c.switch(sys._getframe(1).f_back)
-            assert sys._getframe(2) is f3.f_back
+            #
+            assert stack() == ['bar', 'foo', 'main2', 'test_f_back']
+            assert sys._getframe(2) is f3_foo.f_back
             c.switch(sys._getframe(2))
-        def f(c):
-            g(c)
+        def foo(c):
+            bar(c)
         #
-        c = continulet(f)
-        f1 = c.switch()
-        assert f1.f_code.co_name == 'g'
-        f2 = c.switch()
-        assert f2.f_code.co_name == 'f'
-        f3 = c.switch()
-        assert f3 is f2
-        assert f1.f_back is f3
+        assert stack() == ['test_f_back']
+        c = continulet(foo)
+        f1_bar = c.switch()
+        assert f1_bar.f_code.co_name == 'bar'
+        f2_foo = c.switch()
+        assert f2_foo.f_code.co_name == 'foo'
+        f3_foo = c.switch()
+        assert f3_foo is f2_foo
+        assert f1_bar.f_back is f3_foo
+        #
         def main():
-            f4 = c.switch()
-            assert f4.f_code.co_name == 'main', repr(f4.f_code.co_name)
-            assert f3.f_back is f1    # not running, so a loop
+            f4_main = c.switch()
+            assert f4_main.f_code.co_name == 'main'
+            assert f3_foo.f_back is f1_bar    # not running, so a loop
+            assert stack() == ['main', 'test_f_back']
+            assert stack(f1_bar) == ['bar', 'foo', '...']
+        #
         def main2():
-            f5 = c.switch()
-            assert f5.f_code.co_name == 'main2', repr(f5.f_code.co_name)
-            assert f3.f_back is f1    # not running, so a loop
+            f5_main2 = c.switch()
+            assert f5_main2.f_code.co_name == 'main2'
+            assert f3_foo.f_back is f1_bar    # not running, so a loop
+            assert stack(f1_bar) == ['bar', 'foo', '...']
+        #
         main()
         main2()
         res = c.switch()
         assert res is None
-        assert f3.f_back is None
+        assert f3_foo.f_back is None
 
     def test_traceback_is_complete(self):
         import sys
diff --git a/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_translated.py b/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_translated.py
--- a/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_translated.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_continuation/test/test_translated.py
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
     py.test.skip("to run on top of a translated pypy-c")
 
 import sys, random
+from rpython.tool.udir import udir
 
 # ____________________________________________________________
 
@@ -92,6 +93,33 @@
         from pypy.conftest import option
         if not option.runappdirect:
             py.test.skip("meant only for -A run")
+        cls.w_vmprof_file = cls.space.wrap(str(udir.join('profile.vmprof')))
+
+    def test_vmprof(self):
+        """
+        The point of this test is to check that we do NOT segfault.  In
+        particular, we need to ensure that vmprof does not sample the stack in
+        the middle of a switch, else we read nonsense.
+        """
+        try:
+            import _vmprof
+        except ImportError:
+            py.test.skip("no _vmprof")
+        #
+        def switch_forever(c):
+            while True:
+                c.switch()
+        #
+        f = open(self.vmprof_file, 'w+b')
+        _vmprof.enable(f.fileno(), 1/250.0, False, False, False, False)
+        c = _continuation.continulet(switch_forever)
+        for i in range(10**7):
+            if i % 100000 == 0:
+                print i
+            c.switch()
+        _vmprof.disable()
+        f.close()
+
 
 def _setup():
     for _i in range(20):
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/__init__.py b/pypy/module/_cppyy/__init__.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/__init__.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/__init__.py
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
     interpleveldefs = {
         '_resolve_name'          : 'interp_cppyy.resolve_name',
         '_scope_byname'          : 'interp_cppyy.scope_byname',
-        '_template_byname'       : 'interp_cppyy.template_byname',
+        '_is_template'           : 'interp_cppyy.is_template',
         '_std_string_name'       : 'interp_cppyy.std_string_name',
         '_set_class_generator'   : 'interp_cppyy.set_class_generator',
         '_set_function_generator': 'interp_cppyy.set_function_generator',
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@
         '_get_nullptr'           : 'interp_cppyy.get_nullptr',
         'CPPClassBase'           : 'interp_cppyy.W_CPPClass',
         'addressof'              : 'interp_cppyy.addressof',
+        '_bind_object'           : 'interp_cppyy._bind_object',
         'bind_object'            : 'interp_cppyy.bind_object',
+        'move'                   : 'interp_cppyy.move',
     }
 
     appleveldefs = {
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/capi/loadable_capi.py b/pypy/module/_cppyy/capi/loadable_capi.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/capi/loadable_capi.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/capi/loadable_capi.py
@@ -217,7 +217,8 @@
             'method_req_args'          : ([c_scope, c_index],         c_int),
             'method_arg_type'          : ([c_scope, c_index, c_int],  c_ccharp),
             'method_arg_default'       : ([c_scope, c_index, c_int],  c_ccharp),
-            'method_signature'         : ([c_scope, c_index],         c_ccharp),
+            'method_signature'         : ([c_scope, c_index, c_int],  c_ccharp),
+            'method_prototype'         : ([c_scope, c_index, c_int],  c_ccharp),
 
             'method_is_template'       : ([c_scope, c_index],         c_int),
             'method_num_template_args' : ([c_scope, c_index],         c_int),
@@ -498,9 +499,12 @@
 def c_method_arg_default(space, cppscope, index, arg_index):
     args = [_ArgH(cppscope.handle), _ArgL(index), _ArgL(arg_index)]
     return charp2str_free(space, call_capi(space, 'method_arg_default', args))
-def c_method_signature(space, cppscope, index):
-    args = [_ArgH(cppscope.handle), _ArgL(index)]
+def c_method_signature(space, cppscope, index, show_formalargs=True):
+    args = [_ArgH(cppscope.handle), _ArgL(index), _ArgL(show_formalargs)]
     return charp2str_free(space, call_capi(space, 'method_signature', args))
+def c_method_prototype(space, cppscope, index, show_formalargs=True):
+    args = [_ArgH(cppscope.handle), _ArgL(index), _ArgL(show_formalargs)]
+    return charp2str_free(space, call_capi(space, 'method_prototype', args))
 
 def c_method_is_template(space, cppscope, index):
     args = [_ArgH(cppscope.handle), _ArgL(index)]
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/converter.py b/pypy/module/_cppyy/converter.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/converter.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/converter.py
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi, lltype
 from rpython.rlib.rarithmetic import r_singlefloat, r_longfloat
-from rpython.rlib import rfloat
+from rpython.rlib import rfloat, rawrefcount
 
 from pypy.module._rawffi.interp_rawffi import letter2tp
 from pypy.module._rawffi.array import W_Array, W_ArrayInstance
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@
 # match for the qualified type.
 
 
-def get_rawobject(space, w_obj):
+def get_rawobject(space, w_obj, can_be_None=True):
     from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import W_CPPClass
-    cppinstance = space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_obj, can_be_None=True)
+    cppinstance = space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_obj, can_be_None=can_be_None)
     if cppinstance:
         rawobject = cppinstance.get_rawobject()
         assert lltype.typeOf(rawobject) == capi.C_OBJECT
@@ -48,17 +48,16 @@
     return capi.C_NULL_OBJECT
 
 def is_nullpointer_specialcase(space, w_obj):
-    # 0, None, and nullptr may serve as "NULL", check for any of them
+    # 0 and nullptr may serve as "NULL"
 
     # integer 0
     try:
         return space.int_w(w_obj) == 0
     except Exception:
         pass
-    # None or nullptr
+    # C++-style nullptr
     from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
-    return space.is_true(space.is_(w_obj, space.w_None)) or \
-        space.is_true(space.is_(w_obj, interp_cppyy.get_nullptr(space)))
+    return space.is_true(space.is_(w_obj, interp_cppyy.get_nullptr(space)))
 
 def get_rawbuffer(space, w_obj):
     # raw buffer
@@ -74,7 +73,7 @@
             return rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, space.uint_w(arr.getbuffer(space)))
     except Exception:
         pass
-    # pre-defined NULL
+    # pre-defined nullptr
     if is_nullpointer_specialcase(space, w_obj):
         return rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, 0)
     raise TypeError("not an addressable buffer")
@@ -392,6 +391,7 @@
     _immutable_fields_ = ['typecode']
     typecode = 'g'
 
+
 class CStringConverter(TypeConverter):
     def convert_argument(self, space, w_obj, address, call_local):
         x = rffi.cast(rffi.LONGP, address)
@@ -408,18 +408,27 @@
     def free_argument(self, space, arg, call_local):
         lltype.free(rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARPP, arg)[0], flavor='raw')
 
+class CStringConverterWithSize(CStringConverter):
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['size']
+
+    def __init__(self, space, extra):
+        self.size = extra
+
+    def from_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, offset):
+        address = self._get_raw_address(space, w_obj, offset)
+        charpptr = rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, address)
+        strsize = self.size
+        if charpptr[self.size-1] == '\0':
+            strsize = self.size-1  # rffi will add \0 back
+        return space.newbytes(rffi.charpsize2str(charpptr, strsize))
+
 
 class VoidPtrConverter(TypeConverter):
     def _unwrap_object(self, space, w_obj):
         try:
             obj = get_rawbuffer(space, w_obj)
         except TypeError:
-            try:
-                # TODO: accept a 'capsule' rather than naked int
-                # (do accept int(0), though)
-                obj = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, space.uint_w(w_obj))
-            except Exception:
-                obj = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, get_rawobject(space, w_obj))
+            obj = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, get_rawobject(space, w_obj, False))
         return obj
 
     def cffi_type(self, space):
@@ -463,12 +472,12 @@
     def convert_argument(self, space, w_obj, address, call_local):
         x = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, address)
         ba = rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, address)
-        r = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, call_local)
         try:
-            r[0] = get_rawbuffer(space, w_obj)
+            x[0] = get_rawbuffer(space, w_obj)
         except TypeError:
+            r = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, call_local)
             r[0] = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, get_rawobject(space, w_obj))
-        x[0] = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, call_local)
+            x[0] = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, call_local)
         ba[capi.c_function_arg_typeoffset(space)] = self.typecode
 
     def finalize_call(self, space, w_obj, call_local):
@@ -495,9 +504,13 @@
     def _unwrap_object(self, space, w_obj):
         from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import W_CPPClass
         if isinstance(w_obj, W_CPPClass):
-            if capi.c_is_subtype(space, w_obj.cppclass, self.clsdecl):
+            from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE
+            if w_obj.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE:
+                # reject moves as all are explicit
+                raise ValueError("lvalue expected")
+            if capi.c_is_subtype(space, w_obj.clsdecl, self.clsdecl):
                 rawobject = w_obj.get_rawobject()
-                offset = capi.c_base_offset(space, w_obj.cppclass, self.clsdecl, rawobject, 1)
+                offset = capi.c_base_offset(space, w_obj.clsdecl, self.clsdecl, rawobject, 1)
                 obj_address = capi.direct_ptradd(rawobject, offset)
                 return rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, obj_address)
         raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError,
@@ -518,6 +531,17 @@
         x = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, address)
         x[0] = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDP, self._unwrap_object(space, w_obj))
 
+class InstanceMoveConverter(InstanceRefConverter):
+    def _unwrap_object(self, space, w_obj):
+        # moving is same as by-ref, but have to check that move is allowed
+        from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import W_CPPClass, INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE
+        if isinstance(w_obj, W_CPPClass):
+            if w_obj.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE:
+                w_obj.flags &= ~INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE
+                return InstanceRefConverter._unwrap_object(self, space, w_obj)
+        raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError, "object is not an rvalue")
+
+
 class InstanceConverter(InstanceRefConverter):
 
     def convert_argument_libffi(self, space, w_obj, address, call_local):
@@ -527,7 +551,7 @@
     def from_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, offset):
         address = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, self._get_raw_address(space, w_obj, offset))
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False)
 
     def to_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_value, offset):
         self._is_abstract(space)
@@ -548,7 +572,7 @@
     def from_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, offset):
         address = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, self._get_raw_address(space, w_obj, offset))
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False)
 
     def to_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_value, offset):
         address = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, self._get_raw_address(space, w_obj, offset))
@@ -582,8 +606,8 @@
     def from_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, offset):
         address = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, self._get_raw_address(space, w_obj, offset))
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, address, self.clsdecl,
-                                           do_cast=False, is_ref=True)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(
+            space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False, is_ref=True)
 
 class StdStringConverter(InstanceConverter):
 
@@ -606,7 +630,7 @@
             assign = self.clsdecl.get_overload("__assign__")
             from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
             assign.call(
-                interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False), [w_value])
+                interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, address, self.clsdecl, do_cast=False), [w_value])
         except Exception:
             InstanceConverter.to_memory(self, space, w_obj, w_value, offset)
 
@@ -672,7 +696,7 @@
 
 _converters = {}         # builtin and custom types
 _a_converters = {}       # array and ptr versions of above
-def get_converter(space, name, default):
+def get_converter(space, _name, default):
     # The matching of the name to a converter should follow:
     #   1) full, exact match
     #       1a) const-removed match
@@ -680,9 +704,9 @@
     #   3) accept ref as pointer (for the stubs, const& can be
     #       by value, but that does not work for the ffi path)
     #   4) generalized cases (covers basically all user classes)
-    #   5) void converter, which fails on use
+    #   5) void* or void converter (which fails on use)
 
-    name = capi.c_resolve_name(space, name)
+    name = capi.c_resolve_name(space, _name)
 
     #   1) full, exact match
     try:
@@ -701,7 +725,7 @@
     clean_name = capi.c_resolve_name(space, helper.clean_type(name))
     try:
         # array_index may be negative to indicate no size or no size found
-        array_size = helper.array_size(name)
+        array_size = helper.array_size(_name)     # uses original arg
         return _a_converters[clean_name+compound](space, array_size)
     except KeyError:
         pass
@@ -719,6 +743,8 @@
             return InstancePtrConverter(space, clsdecl)
         elif compound == "&":
             return InstanceRefConverter(space, clsdecl)
+        elif compound == "&&":
+            return InstanceMoveConverter(space, clsdecl)
         elif compound == "**":
             return InstancePtrPtrConverter(space, clsdecl)
         elif compound == "":
@@ -726,11 +752,13 @@
     elif capi.c_is_enum(space, clean_name):
         return _converters['unsigned'](space, default)
 
-    #   5) void converter, which fails on use
-    #
+    #   5) void* or void converter (which fails on use)
+    if 0 <= compound.find('*'):
+        return VoidPtrConverter(space, default)  # "user knows best"
+
     # return a void converter here, so that the class can be build even
-    # when some types are unknown; this overload will simply fail on use
-    return VoidConverter(space, name)
+    # when some types are unknown
+    return VoidConverter(space, name)            # fails on use
 
 
 _converters["bool"]                     = BoolConverter
@@ -847,6 +875,10 @@
         for name in names:
             _a_converters[name+'[]'] = ArrayConverter
             _a_converters[name+'*']  = PtrConverter
+
+    # special case, const char* w/ size and w/o '\0'
+    _a_converters["const char[]"] = CStringConverterWithSize
+
 _build_array_converters()
 
 # add another set of aliased names
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/executor.py b/pypy/module/_cppyy/executor.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/executor.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/executor.py
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
         long_result = capi.c_call_l(space, cppmethod, cppthis, num_args, args)
         ptr_result = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, long_result)
-        pyres = interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
+        pyres = interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
         return pyres
 
     def execute_libffi(self, space, cif_descr, funcaddr, buffer):
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
         result = rffi.ptradd(buffer, cif_descr.exchange_result)
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
         ptr_result = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, result)[0])
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
 
 class InstancePtrPtrExecutor(InstancePtrExecutor):
 
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@
         voidp_result = capi.c_call_r(space, cppmethod, cppthis, num_args, args)
         ref_address = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, voidp_result)
         ptr_result = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, ref_address[0])
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass)
 
     def execute_libffi(self, space, cif_descr, funcaddr, buffer):
         from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import FastCallNotPossible
@@ -188,8 +188,8 @@
         from pypy.module._cppyy import interp_cppyy
         long_result = capi.c_call_o(space, cppmethod, cppthis, num_args, args, self.cppclass)
         ptr_result = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, long_result)
-        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppobject(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass,
-                                           do_cast=False, python_owns=True, fresh=True)
+        return interp_cppyy.wrap_cppinstance(space, ptr_result, self.cppclass,
+                                             do_cast=False, python_owns=True, fresh=True)
 
     def execute_libffi(self, space, cif_descr, funcaddr, buffer):
         from pypy.module._cppyy.interp_cppyy import FastCallNotPossible
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/include/capi.h b/pypy/module/_cppyy/include/capi.h
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/include/capi.h
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/include/capi.h
@@ -19,14 +19,15 @@
     RPY_EXTERN
     int cppyy_num_scopes(cppyy_scope_t parent);
     RPY_EXTERN
-    char* cppyy_scope_name(cppyy_scope_t parent, int iscope);
-
+    char* cppyy_scope_name(cppyy_scope_t parent, cppyy_index_t iscope);
     RPY_EXTERN
     char* cppyy_resolve_name(const char* cppitem_name);
     RPY_EXTERN
     cppyy_scope_t cppyy_get_scope(const char* scope_name);
     RPY_EXTERN
     cppyy_type_t cppyy_actual_class(cppyy_type_t klass, cppyy_object_t obj);
+    RPY_EXTERN
+    size_t cppyy_size_of(cppyy_type_t klass);
 
     /* memory management ------------------------------------------------------ */
     RPY_EXTERN
@@ -120,6 +121,8 @@
     RPY_EXTERN
     char* cppyy_method_name(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
     RPY_EXTERN
+    char* cppyy_method_mangled_name(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
+    RPY_EXTERN
     char* cppyy_method_result_type(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
     RPY_EXTERN
     int cppyy_method_num_args(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
@@ -130,7 +133,9 @@
     RPY_EXTERN
     char* cppyy_method_arg_default(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx, int arg_index);
     RPY_EXTERN
-    char* cppyy_method_signature(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
+    char* cppyy_method_signature(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx, int show_formalargs);
+    RPY_EXTERN
+    char* cppyy_method_prototype(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx, int show_formalargs);
 
     RPY_EXTERN
     int cppyy_method_is_template(cppyy_scope_t scope, cppyy_index_t idx);
@@ -147,8 +152,12 @@
 
     /* method properties ------------------------------------------------------ */
     RPY_EXTERN
+    int cppyy_is_publicmethod(cppyy_type_t type, cppyy_index_t idx);
+    RPY_EXTERN
     int cppyy_is_constructor(cppyy_type_t type, cppyy_index_t idx);
     RPY_EXTERN
+    int cppyy_is_destructor(cppyy_type_t type, cppyy_index_t idx);
+    RPY_EXTERN
     int cppyy_is_staticmethod(cppyy_type_t type, cppyy_index_t idx);
 
     /* data member reflection information ------------------------------------- */
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cppyy/interp_cppyy.py b/pypy/module/_cppyy/interp_cppyy.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cppyy/interp_cppyy.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cppyy/interp_cppyy.py
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 from pypy.interpreter.error import OperationError, oefmt
 from pypy.interpreter.gateway import interp2app, unwrap_spec
-from pypy.interpreter.typedef import TypeDef, GetSetProperty, interp_attrproperty, interp_attrproperty_w
+from pypy.interpreter.typedef import TypeDef, GetSetProperty, interp_attrproperty
 from pypy.interpreter.baseobjspace import W_Root
 
 from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi, lltype, llmemory
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@
 from pypy.module._cppyy import converter, executor, ffitypes, helper
 
 
+INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS = 0x0001
+INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF      = 0x0002
+INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_R_VALUE  = 0x0004
+
 class FastCallNotPossible(Exception):
     pass
 
@@ -33,16 +37,21 @@
 
 class State(object):
     def __init__(self, space):
+        # final scoped name -> opaque handle
         self.cppscope_cache = {
-            "void" : W_CPPClassDecl(space, "void", capi.C_NULL_TYPE) }
+            'void' : W_CPPClassDecl(space, capi.C_NULL_TYPE, 'void') }
+        # opaque handle -> app-level python class
+        self.cppclass_registry = {}
+        # app-level class generator callback
+        self.w_clgen_callback = None
+        # app-level function generator callback (currently not used)
+        self.w_fngen_callback = None
+        # C++11's nullptr
         self.w_nullptr = None
-        self.cpptemplate_cache = {}
-        self.cppclass_registry = {}
-        self.w_clgen_callback = None
-        self.w_fngen_callback = None
 
 def get_nullptr(space):
-    if hasattr(space, "fake"):
+    # construct a unique address that compares to NULL, serves as nullptr
+    if hasattr(space, 'fake'):
         raise NotImplementedError
     state = space.fromcache(State)
     if state.w_nullptr is None:
@@ -58,52 +67,48 @@
         state.w_nullptr = nullarr
     return state.w_nullptr
 
- at unwrap_spec(name='text')
-def resolve_name(space, name):
-    return space.newtext(capi.c_resolve_name(space, name))
+ at unwrap_spec(scoped_name='text')
+def resolve_name(space, scoped_name):
+    return space.newtext(capi.c_resolve_name(space, scoped_name))
 
- at unwrap_spec(name='text')
-def scope_byname(space, name):
-    true_name = capi.c_resolve_name(space, name)
 
+# memoized lookup of handles by final, scoped, name of classes/namespaces
+ at unwrap_spec(final_scoped_name='text')
+def scope_byname(space, final_scoped_name):
     state = space.fromcache(State)
     try:
-        return state.cppscope_cache[true_name]
+        return state.cppscope_cache[final_scoped_name]
     except KeyError:
         pass
 
-    opaque_handle = capi.c_get_scope_opaque(space, true_name)
+    opaque_handle = capi.c_get_scope_opaque(space, final_scoped_name)
     assert lltype.typeOf(opaque_handle) == capi.C_SCOPE
     if opaque_handle:
-        final_name = capi.c_final_name(space, opaque_handle)
-        if capi.c_is_namespace(space, opaque_handle):
-            cppscope = W_CPPNamespaceDecl(space, final_name, opaque_handle)
-        elif capi.c_has_complex_hierarchy(space, opaque_handle):
-            cppscope = W_CPPComplexClassDecl(space, final_name, opaque_handle)
+        isns = capi.c_is_namespace(space, opaque_handle)
+        if isns:
+            cppscope = W_CPPNamespaceDecl(space, opaque_handle, final_scoped_name)
         else:
-            cppscope = W_CPPClassDecl(space, final_name, opaque_handle)
-        state.cppscope_cache[name] = cppscope
+            if capi.c_has_complex_hierarchy(space, opaque_handle):
+                cppscope = W_CPPComplexClassDecl(space, opaque_handle, final_scoped_name)
+            else:
+                cppscope = W_CPPClassDecl(space, opaque_handle, final_scoped_name)
 
-        cppscope._build_methods()
-        cppscope._find_datamembers()
+        # store in the cache to prevent recursion
+        state.cppscope_cache[final_scoped_name] = cppscope
+
+        if not isns:
+            # build methods/data; TODO: also defer this for classes (a functional __dir__
+            # and instrospection for help() is enough and allows more lazy loading)
+            cppscope._build_methods()
+            cppscope._find_datamembers()
+
         return cppscope
 
     return None
 
- at unwrap_spec(name='text')
-def template_byname(space, name):
-    state = space.fromcache(State)
-    try:
-        return state.cpptemplate_cache[name]
-    except KeyError:
-        pass
-
-    if capi.c_is_template(space, name):
-        cpptemplate = W_CPPTemplateType(space, name)
-        state.cpptemplate_cache[name] = cpptemplate
-        return cpptemplate
-
-    return None
+ at unwrap_spec(final_scoped_name='text')
+def is_template(space, final_scoped_name):
+    return space.newbool(capi.c_is_template(space, final_scoped_name))
 
 def std_string_name(space):
     return space.newtext(capi.std_string_name)
@@ -189,8 +194,13 @@
         # check number of given arguments against required (== total - defaults)
         args_expected = len(self.arg_defs)
         args_given = len(args_w)
-        if args_expected < args_given or args_given < self.args_required:
-            raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError, "wrong number of arguments")
+
+        if args_given < self.args_required:
+            raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
+                "takes at least %d arguments (%d given)", self.args_required, args_given)
+        elif args_expected < args_given:
+            raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
+                "takes at most %d arguments (%d given)", args_expected, args_given)
 
         # initial setup of converters, executors, and libffi (if available)
         if self.converters is None:
@@ -376,8 +386,11 @@
             conv.free_argument(self.space, rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, arg_i), loc_i)
         capi.c_deallocate_function_args(self.space, args)
 
-    def signature(self):
-        return capi.c_method_signature(self.space, self.scope, self.index)
+    def signature(self, show_formalargs=True):
+        return capi.c_method_signature(self.space, self.scope, self.index, show_formalargs)
+
+    def prototype(self, show_formalargs=True):
+        return capi.c_method_prototype(self.space, self.scope, self.index, show_formalargs)
 
     def priority(self):
         total_arg_priority = 0
@@ -391,7 +404,7 @@
             lltype.free(self.cif_descr, flavor='raw')
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "CPPMethod: %s" % self.signature()
+        return "CPPMethod: %s" % self.prototype()
 
     def _freeze_(self):
         assert 0, "you should never have a pre-built instance of this!"
@@ -407,7 +420,7 @@
         return capi.C_NULL_OBJECT
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "CPPFunction: %s" % self.signature()
+        return "CPPFunction: %s" % self.prototype()
 
 
 class CPPTemplatedCall(CPPMethod):
@@ -440,7 +453,7 @@
         return CPPMethod.call(self, cppthis, args_w)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "CPPTemplatedCall: %s" % self.signature()
+        return "CPPTemplatedCall: %s" % self.prototype()
 
 
 class CPPConstructor(CPPMethod):
@@ -462,7 +475,7 @@
         return CPPMethod.call(self, cppthis, args_w)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "CPPConstructor: %s" % self.signature()
+        return "CPPConstructor: %s" % self.prototype()
 
 
 class CPPSetItem(CPPMethod):
@@ -549,12 +562,12 @@
                     w_exc_type = e.w_type
                 elif all_same_type and not e.match(self.space, w_exc_type):
                     all_same_type = False
-                errmsg += '\n  '+cppyyfunc.signature()+' =>\n'
+                errmsg += '\n  '+cppyyfunc.prototype()+' =>\n'
                 errmsg += '    '+e.errorstr(self.space)
             except Exception as e:
                 # can not special case this for non-overloaded functions as we anyway need an
                 # OperationError error down from here
-                errmsg += '\n  '+cppyyfunc.signature()+' =>\n'
+                errmsg += '\n  '+cppyyfunc.prototype()+' =>\n'
                 errmsg += '    Exception: '+str(e)
 
         if all_same_type and w_exc_type is not None:
@@ -562,20 +575,20 @@
         else:
             raise OperationError(self.space.w_TypeError, self.space.newtext(errmsg))
 
-    def signature(self):
-        sig = self.functions[0].signature()
+    def prototype(self):
+        sig = self.functions[0].prototype()
         for i in range(1, len(self.functions)):
-            sig += '\n'+self.functions[i].signature()
+            sig += '\n'+self.functions[i].prototype()
         return self.space.newtext(sig)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "W_CPPOverload(%s)" % [f.signature() for f in self.functions]
+        return "W_CPPOverload(%s)" % [f.prototype() for f in self.functions]
 
 W_CPPOverload.typedef = TypeDef(
     'CPPOverload',
     is_static = interp2app(W_CPPOverload.is_static),
     call = interp2app(W_CPPOverload.call),
-    signature = interp2app(W_CPPOverload.signature),
+    prototype = interp2app(W_CPPOverload.prototype),
 )
 
 
@@ -591,24 +604,40 @@
     @jit.unroll_safe
     @unwrap_spec(args_w='args_w')
     def call(self, w_cppinstance, args_w):
+        # TODO: factor out the following:
+        if capi.c_is_abstract(self.space, self.scope.handle):
+            raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
+                        "cannot instantiate abstract class '%s'",
+                        self.scope.name)
         w_result = W_CPPOverload.call(self, w_cppinstance, args_w)
         newthis = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, self.space.uint_w(w_result))
         cppinstance = self.space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_cppinstance, can_be_None=True)
         if cppinstance is not None:
             cppinstance._rawobject = newthis
             memory_regulator.register(cppinstance)
-            return w_cppinstance
-        return wrap_cppobject(self.space, newthis, self.functions[0].scope,
-                              do_cast=False, python_owns=True, fresh=True)
 
     def __repr__(self):
-        return "W_CPPConstructorOverload(%s)" % [f.signature() for f in self.functions]
+        return "W_CPPConstructorOverload(%s)" % [f.prototype() for f in self.functions]
 
 W_CPPConstructorOverload.typedef = TypeDef(
     'CPPConstructorOverload',
     is_static = interp2app(W_CPPConstructorOverload.is_static),
     call = interp2app(W_CPPConstructorOverload.call),
-    signature = interp2app(W_CPPOverload.signature),
+    prototype = interp2app(W_CPPConstructorOverload.prototype),
+)
+
+
+class W_CPPTemplateOverload(W_CPPOverload):
+    @unwrap_spec(args_w='args_w')
+    def __getitem__(self, args_w):
+        pass
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "W_CPPTemplateOverload(%s)" % [f.prototype() for f in self.functions]
+
+W_CPPTemplateOverload.typedef = TypeDef(
+    'CPPTemplateOverload',
+    __getitem__ = interp2app(W_CPPTemplateOverload.call),
 )
 
 
@@ -622,6 +651,9 @@
     def __call__(self, args_w):
         return self.method.bound_call(self.cppthis, args_w)
 
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "W_CPPBoundMethod(%s)" % [f.prototype() for f in self.functions]
+
 W_CPPBoundMethod.typedef = TypeDef(
     'CPPBoundMethod',
     __call__ = interp2app(W_CPPBoundMethod.__call__),
@@ -643,8 +675,8 @@
 
     def _get_offset(self, cppinstance):
         if cppinstance:
-            assert lltype.typeOf(cppinstance.cppclass.handle) == lltype.typeOf(self.scope.handle)
-            offset = self.offset + cppinstance.cppclass.get_base_offset(cppinstance, self.scope)
+            assert lltype.typeOf(cppinstance.clsdecl.handle) == lltype.typeOf(self.scope.handle)
+            offset = self.offset + cppinstance.clsdecl.get_base_offset(cppinstance, self.scope)
         else:
             offset = self.offset
         return offset
@@ -652,7 +684,7 @@
     def get(self, w_cppinstance, w_pycppclass):
         cppinstance = self.space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_cppinstance, can_be_None=True)
         if not cppinstance:
-            raise oefmt(self.space.w_ReferenceError,
+            raise oefmt(self.space.w_AttributeError,
                         "attribute access requires an instance")
         offset = self._get_offset(cppinstance)
         return self.converter.from_memory(self.space, w_cppinstance, w_pycppclass, offset)
@@ -660,7 +692,7 @@
     def set(self, w_cppinstance, w_value):
         cppinstance = self.space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_cppinstance, can_be_None=True)
         if not cppinstance:
-            raise oefmt(self.space.w_ReferenceError,
+            raise oefmt(self.space.w_AttributeError,
                         "attribute access requires an instance")
         offset = self._get_offset(cppinstance)
         self.converter.to_memory(self.space, w_cppinstance, w_value, offset)
@@ -705,12 +737,12 @@
         return space.w_False
 
 class W_CPPScopeDecl(W_Root):
-    _attrs_ = ['space', 'name', 'handle', 'methods', 'datamembers']
+    _attrs_ = ['space', 'handle', 'name', 'methods', 'datamembers']
     _immutable_fields_ = ['handle', 'name']
 
-    def __init__(self, space, name, opaque_handle):
+    def __init__(self, space, opaque_handle, final_scoped_name):
         self.space = space
-        self.name = name
+        self.name = final_scoped_name
         assert lltype.typeOf(opaque_handle) == capi.C_SCOPE
         self.handle = opaque_handle
         self.methods = {}
@@ -753,7 +785,7 @@
         overload = self.get_overload(name)
         sig = '(%s)' % signature
         for f in overload.functions:
-            if 0 < f.signature().find(sig):
+            if f.signature(False) == sig:
                 return W_CPPOverload(self.space, self, [f])
         raise oefmt(self.space.w_LookupError, "no overload matches signature")
 
@@ -769,6 +801,9 @@
 # classes for inheritance. Both are python classes, though, and refactoring
 # may be in order at some point.
 class W_CPPNamespaceDecl(W_CPPScopeDecl):
+    _attrs_ = ['space', 'handle', 'name', 'methods', 'datamembers']
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['handle', 'name']
+
     def _make_cppfunction(self, pyname, index):
         num_args = capi.c_method_num_args(self.space, self, index)
         args_required = capi.c_method_req_args(self.space, self, index)
@@ -779,9 +814,6 @@
             arg_defs.append((arg_type, arg_dflt))
         return CPPFunction(self.space, self, index, arg_defs, args_required)
 
-    def _build_methods(self):
-        pass       # force lazy lookups in namespaces
-
     def _make_datamember(self, dm_name, dm_idx):
         type_name = capi.c_datamember_type(self.space, self, dm_idx)
         offset = capi.c_datamember_offset(self.space, self, dm_idx)
@@ -791,9 +823,6 @@
         self.datamembers[dm_name] = datamember
         return datamember
 
-    def _find_datamembers(self):
-        pass       # force lazy lookups in namespaces
-
     def find_overload(self, meth_name):
         indices = capi.c_method_indices_from_name(self.space, self, meth_name)
         if not indices:
@@ -855,18 +884,21 @@
 
 
 class W_CPPClassDecl(W_CPPScopeDecl):
-    _attrs_ = ['space', 'name', 'handle', 'methods', 'datamembers']
-    _immutable_fields_ = ['handle', 'constructor', 'methods[*]', 'datamembers[*]']
+    _attrs_ = ['space', 'handle', 'name', 'methods', 'datamembers']
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['handle', 'name', 'methods[*]', 'datamembers[*]']
 
     def _build_methods(self):
         assert len(self.methods) == 0
         methods_temp = {}
         for i in range(capi.c_num_methods(self.space, self)):
             idx = capi.c_method_index_at(self.space, self, i)
-            pyname = helper.map_operator_name(self.space,
-                capi.c_method_name(self.space, self, idx),
-                capi.c_method_num_args(self.space, self, idx),
-                capi.c_method_result_type(self.space, self, idx))
+            if capi.c_is_constructor(self.space, self, idx):
+                pyname = '__init__'
+            else:
+                pyname = helper.map_operator_name(self.space,
+                    capi.c_method_name(self.space, self, idx),
+                    capi.c_method_num_args(self.space, self, idx),
+                    capi.c_method_result_type(self.space, self, idx))
             cppmethod = self._make_cppfunction(pyname, idx)
             methods_temp.setdefault(pyname, []).append(cppmethod)
         # the following covers the case where the only kind of operator[](idx)
@@ -883,7 +915,7 @@
         # create the overload methods from the method sets
         for pyname, methods in methods_temp.iteritems():
             CPPMethodSort(methods).sort()
-            if pyname == self.name:
+            if pyname == '__init__':
                 overload = W_CPPConstructorOverload(self.space, self, methods[:])
             else:
                 overload = W_CPPOverload(self.space, self, methods[:])
@@ -934,11 +966,11 @@
         raise self.missing_attribute_error(name)
 
     def get_base_offset(self, cppinstance, calling_scope):
-        assert self == cppinstance.cppclass
+        assert self == cppinstance.clsdecl
         return 0
 
     def get_cppthis(self, cppinstance, calling_scope):
-        assert self == cppinstance.cppclass
+        assert self == cppinstance.clsdecl
         return cppinstance.get_rawobject()
 
     def is_namespace(self):
@@ -973,13 +1005,13 @@
 
 class W_CPPComplexClassDecl(W_CPPClassDecl):
     def get_base_offset(self, cppinstance, calling_scope):
-        assert self == cppinstance.cppclass
+        assert self == cppinstance.clsdecl
         offset = capi.c_base_offset(self.space,
                                     self, calling_scope, cppinstance.get_rawobject(), 1)
         return offset
 
     def get_cppthis(self, cppinstance, calling_scope):
-        assert self == cppinstance.cppclass
+        assert self == cppinstance.clsdecl
         offset = self.get_base_offset(cppinstance, calling_scope)
         return capi.direct_ptradd(cppinstance.get_rawobject(), offset)
 
@@ -997,70 +1029,56 @@
 W_CPPComplexClassDecl.typedef.acceptable_as_base_class = False
 
 
-class W_CPPTemplateType(W_Root):
-    _attrs_ = ['space', 'name']
-    _immutable_fields = ['name']
-
-    def __init__(self, space, name):
-        self.space = space
-        self.name = name
-
-    @unwrap_spec(args_w='args_w')
-    def __call__(self, args_w):
-        # TODO: this is broken but unused (see pythonify.py)
-        fullname = "".join([self.name, '<', self.space.text_w(args_w[0]), '>'])
-        return scope_byname(self.space, fullname)
-
-W_CPPTemplateType.typedef = TypeDef(
-    'CPPTemplateType',
-    __call__ = interp2app(W_CPPTemplateType.__call__),
-)
-W_CPPTemplateType.typedef.acceptable_as_base_class = False
-
-
 class W_CPPClass(W_Root):
-    _attrs_ = ['space', 'cppclass', '_rawobject', 'isref', 'python_owns',
+    _attrs_ = ['space', 'clsdecl', '_rawobject', 'flags',
                'finalizer_registered']
-    _immutable_fields_ = ["cppclass", "isref"]
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['clsdecl']
 
     finalizer_registered = False
 
-    def __init__(self, space, cppclass, rawobject, isref, python_owns):
+    def __init__(self, space, decl, rawobject, isref, python_owns):
         self.space = space
-        self.cppclass = cppclass
+        self.clsdecl = decl
         assert lltype.typeOf(rawobject) == capi.C_OBJECT
         assert not isref or rawobject
         self._rawobject = rawobject
         assert not isref or not python_owns
-        self.isref = isref
-        self.python_owns = python_owns
-        self._opt_register_finalizer()
+        self.flags = 0
+        if isref:
+            self.flags |= INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF
+        if python_owns:
+            self.flags |= INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS
+            self._opt_register_finalizer()
 
     def _opt_register_finalizer(self):
-        if self.python_owns and not self.finalizer_registered \
-               and not hasattr(self.space, "fake"):
+        if not self.finalizer_registered and not hasattr(self.space, "fake"):
+            assert self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS
             self.register_finalizer(self.space)
             self.finalizer_registered = True
 
     def _nullcheck(self):
-        if not self._rawobject or (self.isref and not self.get_rawobject()):
+        if not self._rawobject or \
+               ((self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF) and not self.get_rawobject()):
             raise oefmt(self.space.w_ReferenceError,
                         "trying to access a NULL pointer")
 
     # allow user to determine ownership rules on a per object level
     def fget_python_owns(self, space):
-        return space.newbool(self.python_owns)
+        return space.newbool(bool(self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS))
 
     @unwrap_spec(value=bool)
     def fset_python_owns(self, space, value):
-        self.python_owns = space.is_true(value)
-        self._opt_register_finalizer()
+        if space.is_true(value):
+            self.flags |= INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS
+            self._opt_register_finalizer()
+        else:
+            self.flags &= ~INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS
 
     def get_cppthis(self, calling_scope):
-        return self.cppclass.get_cppthis(self, calling_scope)
+        return self.clsdecl.get_cppthis(self, calling_scope)
 
     def get_rawobject(self):
-        if not self.isref:
+        if not (self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF):
             return self._rawobject
         else:
             ptrptr = rffi.cast(rffi.VOIDPP, self._rawobject)
@@ -1078,12 +1096,9 @@
         return None
 
     def instance__init__(self, args_w):
-        if capi.c_is_abstract(self.space, self.cppclass.handle):
-            raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
-                        "cannot instantiate abstract class '%s'",
-                        self.cppclass.name)
-        constructor_overload = self.cppclass.get_overload(self.cppclass.name)
-        constructor_overload.call(self, args_w)
+        raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
+                    "cannot instantiate abstract class '%s'",
+                    self.clsdecl.name)
  
     def instance__eq__(self, w_other):
         # special case: if other is None, compare pointer-style
@@ -1099,7 +1114,7 @@
             for name in ["", "__gnu_cxx", "__1"]:
                 nss = scope_byname(self.space, name)
                 meth_idx = capi.c_get_global_operator(
-                    self.space, nss, self.cppclass, other.cppclass, "operator==")
+                    self.space, nss, self.clsdecl, other.clsdecl, "operator==")
                 if meth_idx != -1:
                     f = nss._make_cppfunction("operator==", meth_idx)
                     ol = W_CPPOverload(self.space, nss, [f])
@@ -1118,14 +1133,15 @@
         # fallback 2: direct pointer comparison (the class comparison is needed since
         # the first data member in a struct and the struct have the same address)
         other = self.space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_other, can_be_None=False)  # TODO: factor out
-        iseq = (self._rawobject == other._rawobject) and (self.cppclass == other.cppclass)
+        iseq = (self._rawobject == other._rawobject) and (self.clsdecl == other.clsdecl)
         return self.space.newbool(iseq)
 
     def instance__ne__(self, w_other):
         return self.space.not_(self.instance__eq__(w_other))
 
     def instance__nonzero__(self):
-        if not self._rawobject or (self.isref and not self.get_rawobject()):
+        if not self._rawobject or \
+               ((self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF) and not self.get_rawobject()):
             return self.space.w_False
         return self.space.w_True
 
@@ -1134,36 +1150,35 @@
         if w_as_builtin is not None:
             return self.space.len(w_as_builtin)
         raise oefmt(self.space.w_TypeError,
-                    "'%s' has no length", self.cppclass.name)
+                    "'%s' has no length", self.clsdecl.name)
 
     def instance__cmp__(self, w_other):
         w_as_builtin = self._get_as_builtin()
         if w_as_builtin is not None:
             return self.space.cmp(w_as_builtin, w_other)
         raise oefmt(self.space.w_AttributeError,
-                    "'%s' has no attribute __cmp__", self.cppclass.name)
+                    "'%s' has no attribute __cmp__", self.clsdecl.name)
 
     def instance__repr__(self):
         w_as_builtin = self._get_as_builtin()
         if w_as_builtin is not None:
             return self.space.repr(w_as_builtin)
         return self.space.newtext("<%s object at 0x%x>" %
-                               (self.cppclass.name, rffi.cast(rffi.ULONG, self.get_rawobject())))
+                               (self.clsdecl.name, rffi.cast(rffi.ULONG, self.get_rawobject())))
 
     def destruct(self):
-        if self._rawobject and not self.isref:
+        if self._rawobject and not (self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_IS_REF):
             memory_regulator.unregister(self)
-            capi.c_destruct(self.space, self.cppclass, self._rawobject)
+            capi.c_destruct(self.space, self.clsdecl, self._rawobject)
             self._rawobject = capi.C_NULL_OBJECT
 
     def _finalize_(self):
-        if self.python_owns:
+        if self.flags & INSTANCE_FLAGS_PYTHON_OWNS:
             self.destruct()
 
 W_CPPClass.typedef = TypeDef(
     'CPPClass',
-    cppclass = interp_attrproperty_w('cppclass', cls=W_CPPClass),
-    _python_owns = GetSetProperty(W_CPPClass.fget_python_owns, W_CPPClass.fset_python_owns),
+    __python_owns__ = GetSetProperty(W_CPPClass.fget_python_owns, W_CPPClass.fset_python_owns),
     __init__ = interp2app(W_CPPClass.instance__init__),
     __eq__ = interp2app(W_CPPClass.instance__eq__),
     __ne__ = interp2app(W_CPPClass.instance__ne__),
@@ -1220,21 +1235,21 @@
     state = space.fromcache(State)
     return space.call_function(state.w_fngen_callback, w_callable, space.newint(npar))
 
-def wrap_cppobject(space, rawobject, cppclass,
-                   do_cast=True, python_owns=False, is_ref=False, fresh=False):
+def wrap_cppinstance(space, rawobject, clsdecl,
+                     do_cast=True, python_owns=False, is_ref=False, fresh=False):
     rawobject = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, rawobject)
 
     # cast to actual if requested and possible
     w_pycppclass = None
     if do_cast and rawobject:
-        actual = capi.c_actual_class(space, cppclass, rawobject)
-        if actual != cppclass.handle:
+        actual = capi.c_actual_class(space, clsdecl, rawobject)
+        if actual != clsdecl.handle:
             try:
                 w_pycppclass = get_pythonized_cppclass(space, actual)
-                offset = capi.c_base_offset1(space, actual, cppclass, rawobject, -1)
+                offset = capi.c_base_offset1(space, actual, clsdecl, rawobject, -1)
                 rawobject = capi.direct_ptradd(rawobject, offset)
-                w_cppclass = space.findattr(w_pycppclass, space.newtext("__cppdecl__"))
-                cppclass = space.interp_w(W_CPPClassDecl, w_cppclass, can_be_None=False)
+                w_cppdecl = space.findattr(w_pycppclass, space.newtext("__cppdecl__"))
+                clsdecl = space.interp_w(W_CPPClassDecl, w_cppdecl, can_be_None=False)
             except Exception:
                 # failed to locate/build the derived class, so stick to the base (note
                 # that only get_pythonized_cppclass is expected to raise, so none of
@@ -1242,18 +1257,18 @@
                 pass
 
     if w_pycppclass is None:
-        w_pycppclass = get_pythonized_cppclass(space, cppclass.handle)
+        w_pycppclass = get_pythonized_cppclass(space, clsdecl.handle)
 
     # try to recycle existing object if this one is not newly created
     if not fresh and rawobject:
         obj = memory_regulator.retrieve(rawobject)
-        if obj is not None and obj.cppclass is cppclass:
+        if obj is not None and obj.clsdecl is clsdecl:
             return obj
 
     # fresh creation
     w_cppinstance = space.allocate_instance(W_CPPClass, w_pycppclass)
     cppinstance = space.interp_w(W_CPPClass, w_cppinstance, can_be_None=False)
-    cppinstance.__init__(space, cppclass, rawobject, is_ref, python_owns)
+    cppinstance.__init__(space, clsdecl, rawobject, is_ref, python_owns)
     memory_regulator.register(cppinstance)
     return w_cppinstance
 
@@ -1264,7 +1279,7 @@
     except TypeError:
         pass
     # attempt to get address of C++ instance
-    return rffi.cast(rffi.INTPTR_T, converter.get_rawobject(space, w_obj))
+    return rffi.cast(rffi.INTPTR_T, converter.get_rawobject(space, w_obj, False))
 
 @unwrap_spec(w_obj=W_Root)
 def addressof(space, w_obj):
@@ -1273,19 +1288,30 @@
     return space.newlong(address)
 
 @unwrap_spec(owns=bool, cast=bool)
-def bind_object(space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, owns=False, cast=False):
-    """Takes an address and a bound C++ class proxy, returns a bound instance."""
+def _bind_object(space, w_obj, w_clsdecl, owns=False, cast=False):
     try:
         # attempt address from array or C++ instance
         rawobject = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, _addressof(space, w_obj))
     except Exception:
         # accept integer value as address
         rawobject = rffi.cast(capi.C_OBJECT, space.uint_w(w_obj))
-    w_cppclass = space.findattr(w_pycppclass, space.newtext("__cppdecl__"))
-    if not w_cppclass:
-        w_cppclass = scope_byname(space, space.text_w(w_pycppclass))
-        if not w_cppclass:
+    decl = space.interp_w(W_CPPClassDecl, w_clsdecl, can_be_None=False)
+    return wrap_cppinstance(space, rawobject, decl, python_owns=owns, do_cast=cast)
+
+ at unwrap_spec(owns=bool, cast=bool)
+def bind_object(space, w_obj, w_pycppclass, owns=False, cast=False):


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